Camino is one of several East Bay restaurants that has re-formatted its entire wage structure and eliminated tipping in light of the new Oakland minimum wage. (Emilie Raguso)
On March 2, the city of Oakland raised its minimum wage by 36%. At $12.25 per hour, the new wage is the highest in the country — for now. San Francisco matched this wage on May 1, and Emeryville will leapfrog both cities in July.
The wage increase was voted into law last November as a part of Measure FF. Over 80% of Oakland residents supported the measure. And while all Oakland businesses are now required to abide by the new wage, conversations about its benefits and repercussions have been most active in the restaurant industry.
Restaurants have notoriously small operational budget margins, and are, according to Saru Jayaraman, the co-director of Restaurant Opportunity Centers United (ROC-United) and director of the Food Labor Research Center at UC Berkeley, one of the largest employers of low-wage workers in the United States. Jayaraman reports that seven out of the ten lowest paying jobs in the country are restaurant jobs.
California does, however, have some protections for restaurant workers. Service staff is required to make at least the state minimum wage; they are not permitted to be paid a “tipped minimum” of $2.13 per hour as they are in other states. Still, the state’s minimum wage of $9 per hour doesn’t go very far in the Bay Area’s booming economy. (Indeed, according to MIT’s Living Wage Calculator, the minimum wage needed to support a single adult in Oakland is over $11; one needs to make over double that number to support even a small family.)
“There’s been an ongoing problem in the restaurant industry where many of our employees have trouble paying the bills. It is bad for the industry and bad for the community,” said Jay Porter, the owner of The Half Orange in Fruitvale and upcoming Salsipuedes in North Oakland. “When one of your most significant industries as a whole employs people at a sub-living wage, that’s not good for the community. That’s money that’s not circulating in the economy. It also means that there’s a really high turnover. It means that a lot of people are having to work 70 to 80 hours a week to pay the bills.”
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Measure FF was an attempt to change that problem. The measure not only set Oakland’s minimum wage at $12.25 per hour, but it also added mandatory paid sick leave and provided means for retaliation should employers not follow the new rules. Oakland’s new wage is now also tied to the Consumer Price Index, and it will be allowed to rise each year on January 1.
Restaurant owners have adapted to the wage increase in various ways. Most, like Porter, have simply increased prices to account for the higher labor costs. Other restaurants, such as Homestead,Dopo, Camino in Oakland, and Comal in Berkeley, have used this wage increase to re-format their entire wage structure. All four have eliminated tipping and have incorporated the average tip amount (around 20% of the total bill) to the line item charge for each dish on their menus. Still others, like Bocanova in Jack London Square, have added a mandatory service charge to their bill.
These adaptations are part of a larger conversation. Last month saw local and national protests for a $15 minimum wage. Measure FF has prompted many restaurants to reconsider tipping and fair pay between employees. Small, non-English speaking food businesses are closing, or considering it. Emeryville is considering an historically large wage bump — from $9 per hour to over $14. And everyone, especially restaurant workers, are reconsidering what, exactly, a fair wage means.
Increases better for business?
UC Berkeley’s Institute for Research on Labor and Employment (IRLE) prepared a policy brief on the Oakland measure last June. The research suggested that restaurants and retail businesses would likely be most affected by the increase, but restaurants would only need to raise their prices by 2.5%. Authors Michael Reich, Ken Jacobs, Annette Berndardt and Ian Perry suggested that reduced employee turnover costs and improved work performance would make up for increased labor costs.
However, most of the restaurant owners we have spoken to have all raised their prices much more than 2.5%. Chris Hillyard of Farley’s coffee shops in Uptown and in Emeryville raised his prices between 5% and 15%, depending on the item. Sal Bednarz of Actual Café and Victory Burger gave most of his items at 9% bump. Porter’s prices went up around 15%.
“It is clear that the researchers missed some of the important parts of the picture. They talked about a restaurant price increase of 3%. That still may be the average price increase, but for the small restaurants that I’m talking to, none of us can do it for 3%, none of us,” said Bednarz. “A lot of us are doing double digit price increases, much more.”
Hillyard noted labor costs are more complicated than the direct wage cost. “There are also sick days. Plus workers compensation goes up because your payroll costs have gone up,” he said. Indeed, the IRLE report didn’t include the increased costs of paid sick leave. However, Reich noted in an email that Oakland area restaurant prices have been increasing around 2.4% per year, which makes these bumps part of a general trend.
Despite these price increases, most Oakland restaurants are still doing what they do best.
“Our revenue is up a bit, and our customer traffic is close to what it was before we made the changes. We’ve had a lot of customers who have noticed the price increases. Some already understood why [they were] going up, some didn’t,” said Bednarz. “My crew was well equipped to educate them and had good conversations across the counter.”
However, Bednarz did report that his morning coffee business has been a bit slower than usual. “Who knows what that is. It could be something like our customers are driving a different direction to get to work or that schools in the neighborhood have different hours this week. In a few weeks it may come back, but it may not.” Porter and Hillyard also report fairly consistent business.
Jayaraman says that in the long run, the wage increase will be better for business. “The economy is going to do better. I think we’re going to see better restaurants, better service, better food. I think we’re going to see actually faster job growth. That’s what we’ve seen everywhere else every time the wage has gone up,” she said.
Another IRLE overview report on local minimum wage laws said that wage increases do increase the spending power of employees and that they do typically spend that extra money. The authors did note, however, that research still needs to be done to estimate the economic stimulus created by this new spending power.
Perhaps just as important as spending power is employee morale. “You’re going to have healthier workers because they have paid sick days. You’re going to have happier workers because they’re better paid. You’re going to have better service. It’s going to be good for everybody,” said Jayaraman.
However, as Bednarz explained, these changes will not happen overnight. His employees received their first increased pay check three weeks after restaurants instated higher prices. “That’s a number of weeks of lag,” he said. “The folks who are coming to a place like mine in the morning are coming up for their morning coffee, and they’re often daily customers. A small increase in what they’re paying, that increases five times. It accumulates. I’m not saying that these people don’t care about what we’re doing, but they may not be able to afford to care.”
Front of house or back of the house? Unequal pay
Historically, there have been three different wage structures in place in restaurants. Employees in the “back of the house” — cooks, dishwashers, bussers — make a single hourly wage without tips. Those in the “front of the house” — servers and hosts — make an hourly minimum plus tips on their bills. Managers usually get a salary.
Because California doesn’t allow for a tipped minimum, front-of-house workers typically take home far more income than the cooks and dishwashers in the back of the house — even if the back-of-the-house workers are making more than the minimum wage. This means that, even if all employees get a wage increase, the front of house still stands to bring home substantially more income. If prices increase, tips will increase as well, further increasing take-home pay. (Some restaurant owners we spoke to, like Porter, gave everyone a raise, while others, like Bednarz, raised wages only for those making below $12.25, with a few exceptions.)
At a high-end restaurant where diners are tipping 20% on a $100 tab, the profits for servers can be very high. “I understand that for servers in places that they’re still getting tipped, they’re making a killing,” said Tim Veatch, a cook at Camino.
It is a fairly common practice for restaurants to “pool” tips at the end of service and divide up the total among employees. Typically under this system, servers take home a higher proportion of the tip, while back-of-the-house employees get a smaller percentage.
California’s labor code makes this practice a little more complicated. It does allow for tip pooling, but the original legislation says that tips must go to those who are in a “direct line of service.” However, in 2009, the California Supreme Court ruled on several cases that challenged the wording of the legislation. In Etheridge v. Reins International, the court held that all employees in the “chain of service” are eligible to receive a share of tips, which included dishwashers and other members of the kitchen staff. In Budrow v. Dave & Busters, the court expanded that idea to say that the decision regarding who can participate in the tip pool can be “based on a reasonable assessment of the patron’s intentions.” The differences between a “direct line of” and “chain of” service aren’t exactly clear-cut, and the definition of a “reasonable assessment” is open to legal interpretation.
Each restaurant owner that we spoke to said that they try to balance wages between the front and back of the house as best as possible, but have been wary of violating the law. When Hillyard and his wife and co-owner Amy Hillyard opened Farley’s, the pair intentionally gave their cooks the job of delivering food to customers so that they could legally participate in the tip pool. Bednarz says that he has always pooled tips and has suggested raising the tip share between employees, but the final say came down to the employees.
“There’s a legal minefield that we’re trying to maneuver here as we try to do right. And there are lots of ways that we can do wrong,” said Bednarz. “My interest is in making sure that the staff also feels like it is fair. None of the front of house crew, who have to give up a little bit more of what they take in, is unhappy to give a little bit more of it to the kitchen.”
Part of the reason for their willingness, Bednarz added, is because tip amounts have gone up along with prices. “Prices go up, tips go up, a lot more of the crew get to share more deeply in the pool of tips, and effectively everybody gets a raise,” he said.
When California’s state minimum wage rose from $8 per hour to $9 in July 2014, Camino owners Russell Moore and Allison Hopelain made attempts to encourage the service staff to distribute tips. Unlike Bendarz’s employees, they chose not to.
This was around the time that Veatch started working at the restaurant. “Russ and Allison had made a few attempts to allow the service staff to give us larger portions of the tipped money that was coming in, to cut the kitchen in,” he said. “But the law dictates that you, as the manager of a restaurant, are not allowed to distribute a server’s tips. They have to do that for themselves.”
Veatch believes this system to be entirely inequitable. “The real issue is that the money from tips is part of the kitchen’s doing. That imbalance has always bothered me, as someone who puts the hours in and who puts the passion in. Then there are other people who can walk in, serve your passion and walk out with two times the amount of money that you made in half the time,” he said.
This fact was part of Moore’s impetus for completely re-formatting his pay structure. “I was tired of the semi-legal prospect of trying to get the waiters to tip out more to the back of the house or trying to alter the tip pool,” he said. “We all know it’s sort of a grey area.” As of January 31, Camino no longer accepts tips.
The not-so-simple question of tipping
Moore and Hopelain had always wanted to eliminate tips. Before opening Camino, Moore worked at Chez Panisse, where there is a 17% service charge on all bills. He and Hopelain wanted to take this principle one step further and incorporate that charge into the cost of the dishes. But, he said, “we kind of chickened out. We were going to be in this weird stretch of Oakland and back then there weren’t many restaurants opening there.” The pair instead instated a regular tipping system with a tip pool. They kept all front of house employees at the same wage, where they all shared tasks and tips.
However, Moore said, “As minimum wage has been going up, we’ve thought more and more about how we could change it and what we could do.” They entertained the idea of adding a service charge, as at Chez Panisse, but changed their mind once they read the wording of Measure FF. According to the measure, service charges “shall be paid over in their entirety to the Hospitality Workers performing services for the customers.” The measure also stipulates that supervisors and owners could not take in any of the service charges. Moore was concerned that he wouldn’t legally be able to divide a service charge with the back of the house workers.
“It didn’t seem like we could cleanly have a service charge and cleanly decide where all that money goes,” he said. “So we thought, ‘Why don’t we just charge people what it costs to eat at our restaurant?’”
Each of Camino’s menus advertises its tip-less system in bold type. And the dishes themselves are significantly more expensive — more than 20% — than they were before the change. The increased item price goes directly to paying employees’ higher wages.
So far, says Moore, there hasn’t been any backlash from customers.
Host Hannah Rice is often the first person to explain the new system to guests. “I thought people wouldn’t be so accepting. But everyone has been really excited about it,” she said.
Veatch has been in to eat in the restaurant on his days off and he says that his friends find it exciting. “They’re like, ‘Oh there’s no tip!’ There’s confusion as to what you’re supposed to do, but I talk them through it,” he said. “I think everyone has really accepted it as a beneficial form of dining. You just get to sign your check and leave.”
Porter says that models like Camino’s have been met with criticism from labor activists because “they say it removes money from the pockets of servers and that is against the intent of Measure FF.”
However, notes Jayaraman, “The impetus to move more and more towards living wages paid by the employer as opposed to by consumer tips is a good thing.”
Moore admits that he did lose servers over the wage change. “For some of our more experienced servers, this just gave them the impetus to do that other career that they wanted to do, start that business, go back to school, or do something else. They didn’t leave with ill will,” he said. “A couple went to other restaurants to make more money. But everyone gave lots of notice and we had plenty of time and at the end of the day, we have a really great staff, front and back.”
He has tried to combat employee turnover by increasing hours and reformatting the wage structure to encourage employees to work for promotion. Importantly, Moore says that the current wage structure incentivizes his servers to work five days a week, which qualifies them for health insurance.
Servers’ wages are also more predictable, he said. “I’ve always hated that feeling that servers are guns for hire. Like, ‘Oh it’s going to be a slow night, let’s cut them. Things are dying down, let’s send them home,’” he said. “Our selling points to servers were, ‘Yes, on a good Saturday night you’ll make less money. But on a slow Saturday brunch you’re going to make more.’” On those slow days, Moore gives the front of house staff other tasks to do, such as helping with kitchen prep work, in order for them to keep their hours up.
Moore has also built in a growth track for his front of house employees. Typically, servers do not want to get promoted to a management position, he said, because that salary pays less than the server was making in tips. Plus, in his old system, all servers were paid the same. Now he gives servers with more experience a higher starting wage. “There’s incentive for the new server to learn more and become a better server and manager,” he said. “Like any other job in the world, you can get a raise, or you can not get a raise. We can manage people like you can manage people in any other line of work.”
Rice was hired before the change, and she decided to stay on, despite losing her tips. “Overall I probably make less, but I’m OK with that. I think it is the right thing to do,” she said. “The minimum wage should be helping everyone, and with tips it is only really helping the front of the house. The dishwashers and the bussers get left behind. Everyone works together, so for one person to be making more is unfair.” Rice added that she would be happy to work at another restaurant with a similar tipless pay structure.
For now, though, she hopes to continue to work and move up the ranks at the restaurant. “They’re providing a chance for everyone to move around and be familiar with other parts of the restaurant,” she said. “We get to see different sides of the restaurant and experience a different position.”
On the other hand, Cabril Barnes, a manager at both Actual Café and Victory Burger, says that he would be one of those servers to leave if tips had been eliminated at his restaurant. “Tips are definitely an incentive. I personally would not want to work in a place without tips and work just for a flat base rate,” he said.
Despite the staffing changes, Moore and his employees all report that the restaurant’s service has improved. “We have a better sense of teamwork now,” said Rice. “Guests are looking closer at our service and they’re applauding us. Everyone is noticing positive effects.”
Porter has long been an advocate for eliminating tips. He famously did so at his San Diego restaurant, The Linkery. “The idea that servers are motivated by tips is an enormous fallacy that has been totally disproven,” he said. “Great servers, as long as they are well-compensated, are going to do great work without tipping incentives. It turns out that that is pretty much how every other American works. When you’re fairly compensated, you’re going to do great work out of your own personal pride and the joy of doing great work.”
Indeed, Moore reports that his servers feel just like that. “The servers said something curious the other day at staff meal. They said, ‘There’s something about this which makes everything feel more professional. It makes it feel less like I’m putting on an act for a customer in the hopes that they might tip me. It’s more like I have an incentive to just do a really good job.’”
Bednarz agrees. “You can argue all day long about how tips deviate based on the level of service or product that we give — they don’t. On a crappy day, our tips are just as good as on a good day. We know when we’re screwing up on the floor and when we’re kicking ass. And tips are mostly the same,” he said.
Not surprisingly, Moore’s back of the house team is pleased with the changes. “The cooks got raises and they’re excited that we’ve taken an interest in making it so they can keep living here. Our cooking crew has always been fairly solid, but now it’s really solid,” said Moore. “We pay more than almost anyone now. It’s still not enough, but it’s getting there.”
Added Veatch, “I’ve been in the industry for ten years and I’ve never worked at a restaurant that was more respectful for my hours, did more to pay me for the moments that I’m in there, and cared more for me from a quality-of-life perspective and a cost of living perspective than Camino. I would never go back to a restaurant with a traditional tipping system.”
Moore hopes that more restaurants will see Camino’s success and mimic their payment approach. “What I would love is for the restaurants that are really busy and popular, that make more money, for them to make the change,” he said. “But I think they’re nervous about losing their floor staff.”
“It’s going to be a really big change, and there’s going to be a big transition,” Moore continued. “I think the ‘no tipping’ model might be the model because I think customers are going to get tired of weird charges at restaurants.”
Rice agrees. “I think that we’re going to be seeing a lot of less traditional restaurant [pay structures] over time. We’ll be seeing more restaurants that are adopting what Camino is doing,” said Rice. “Restaurants are also becoming more professional than they were before, which is a big deal for the Bay Area because restaurants are such a big part of our economy.”
Overall, Moore is pleased with the change. “It’s sort of scary being the test case but Allison and I are super happy with it,” he said.
Wages increase and Chinatown struggles
Other restaurateurs in Oakland have not been as happy.
In March, stories in on NBC Bay Area, on CBS SF Bay Area, and in the San Francisco Chronicle documented struggles in Oakland’s Chinatown. The Chronicle reported that four restaurants and six grocery stores in and around Chinatown closed in advance of the wage hike, including Legendary Palace, a popular banquet restaurant.
However, Bednarz, who has been working with the Chinatown Chamber of Commerce, says the problem in Chinatown is greater than the repercussions of increased labor costs. “There’s kind of a perfect storm going on in Chinatown. The port strike really hurt during Chinese New Year. There is the competition around Chinatown. Other cities now have more Asian markets and restaurants popping up so that people that used to commute to Chinatown to do their shopping now sometimes do it in their home city. Real-estate prices are starting to go up,” he said. “And now there’s this wage increase.”
Chinatown restaurants have generally not followed the same trends as the newer, pricier restaurants in booming parts of Oakland. Instead, they have succeeded based on providing food and other goods at super-low prices. According to Bednarz, it is this pricing structure that may be these businesses’ downfall. “It’s apparent that some Chinatown businesses might need to find other strategies to differentiate themselves. Rather than using price as the primary means to compete, they may need to focus on service and product instead,” Bednarz wrote in an op-ed for Oakland Local. “They might need to use different marketing strategies to reach non-Chinese customers, but need to do this carefully so they don’t alienate their Chinese neighbors.”
Jayaraman takes a harder stance. She points out that all restaurants have to refigure their budgets for all sorts of unexpected price increases, such as food costs or rental agreements. “When other costs go up and you see a business close, the public doesn’t say, ‘Oh well, that means we should have kept food costs artificially down.’ They say, ‘That’s too bad the restaurant couldn’t figure out how to make it work,’” she said. “Why is it that with wages alone, as opposed to every other cost, we say, ‘We should artificially depress wages to help out these business owners?’ We don’t say that with food costs, we don’t say that with supplier costs of any other kind. We can’t say that with human costs either. Human costs have so much greater impact on so many more people than all the other costs that a restaurant has to pay.”
Both Bednarz and Jayaraman agree that outreach and business support will go a long way to preventing more businesses from closing. “Our feeling is that business that just outright close when the minimum wage goes up either weren’t properly operating to begin with or don’t have the support or the know-how and the technical assistance to figure out how to make it work,” said Jayaraman. “I would love these employers that are struggling to be in touch with us and we can provide … peer support, or even potential access to various supports and capital.”
Jayaraman has organized a group of what she calls “High Road Restaurants” within ROC-United. “It’s not only a group of folks that are advocating for better wages and working conditions but it’s also a peer network for employers to learn from one another how to continually raise wages and do the right thing,” she said. In the East Bay, her group includes Arizmendi, Café Gabriela, FuseBOX, Kain’bigan, Kingston 11, PieTisserie, Sweet Bar Bakery, Tamales la Oaxaquena, and the Swan’s Marketplace businesses B-Dama, Cosecha, Miss Ollie’s, and The Cook and Her Farmer. Kingston 11, in particular, has been involved in the group. Jayaraman says that the owners Adrian Henderson, Nigel Jones and Andre King came with her to Washington D.C. during the “Fight for 15” rallies on April 15.
Similarly, Bednarz, along with Hillyard and several other prominent Oakland restaurateurs like Charlie Hallowell of Pizzaiolo, Penrose, and Boot and Shoe Service; Chris Pastena of Chop Bar and Lungomare; Emily and Scott Goldenberg of Caffe 817; and Allison Arevalo and Erin Wade of Homeroom teamed up earlier this year to brainstorm ways to adapt their budget and support other small business owners. “I would characterize the group as being a collection of values-driven restaurant owners, folks who are as concerned about fairness as they are about their own personal financial well-being,” said Bednarz.
“We didn’t form it to be an advocacy group or anything, it was more about partnering together,” said Hillyard. “If we wanted to do social marketing stuff together, great. If we just wanted to be a sounding board for ideas for one another, that’s OK too.”
The group’s main objective quickly became clear — education. “We needed to educate the public on why prices were going up and why it’s a good thing because everyone is going to be earning more income,” said Hillyard. “Our customers understood why prices went up and it’s fortunately worked out OK so far.” Member restaurants were active supporters of the Lift Up Oakland campaign, and some, like Bednarz and Hillyard, spoke at rallies and wrote letters to members of Oakland’s government.
“Speaking for myself personally, and interpreting what I hear and see from other folks, we genuinely give a crap about what is happening in all parts of Oakland,” said Bednarz. “And the last thing that I want to see is small businesses that have been anchors of neighborhoods for decades go out of business because they are unable to adapt to the change in their cost structure.”
Barnes, who works for Bednarz, was so impressed with his employer’s involvement that he, too, got involved. He spoke with other neighborhood restaurants and wrote a letter to the new mayor, Libby Schaff, who was been a vocal supporter of the campaign.
The best way to help any business struggling with the wage increase, say both Bednarz and Jayaraman, is to continue to support Oakland businesses, especially those in Chinatown. “Visit Chinatown. Remind yourself that it’s full of interesting restaurants and eat at your favorites. Tell the staff that you’d support them even if they raised their prices a bit,” said Bednarz.
Emeryville set for highest minimum wage in country
Only three miles but a world away from Chinatown, Oakland’s neighbor to the west has been having minimum wage debates of its own. Last week, Emeryville’s city council unanimously approved a rapid minimum wage increase — from $9 to over $14 per hour — to occur this July.
Unlike Oakland’s wage increase, Emeryville’s change did not come about via an election. Instead, the council members drafted and voted on an ordinance to increase the wage on their own, as they did in Berkeley last year. The council has accepted public comments at special city council meetings, but did not call for a study of the increase or ask for input other than during meetings.
The council’s wage will be, by far, the highest in the country, and it is set to increase almost to $16 per hour by 2019. Despite support for a fair wage, Emeryville small businesses were not supportive of the original proposal, which would have included all businesses with at least 10 employees.
Businesses with fewer than 10 employees would be able to take a small business exemption and phase in the wage increase over three years. Those who take the exemption would need to match Oakland’s $12.25 wage on July 1; the following year, wages would rise to $13 per hour and continue to increase by one dollar per hour each year until 2019, when the wage would need to match the rest of Emeryville. After push back from business owners like Hillyard, who has 12 employees at his Emeryville location and wouldn’t have qualified for the exemption, the council has amended its proposal to define a small business at 55 employees.
The problem, said Hillyard, who opened his Emeryville Farley’s location in 2010, is that the increase is scheduled to go in effect overnight. Hillyard has already raised his prices at his Emeryville location to match those at Farley’s East, but doesn’t believe he could retain his customers with a second price increase this summer. “There would definitely be customer push back at that point. I don’t know what we would do,” he said. “Even our employees are saying, ‘Wow, that’s a big increase. That would be great, but that might be hard for the business.’”
Another concern about Emeryville’s wage increase is that it will shift the economic dynamic between it and other East Bay cities. Employees could theoretically leave jobs in Berkeley or Oakland to go work in Emervyille, while customers could theoretically abandon pricier Emeryville restaurants for others across the border.
As Bendarz explained, it isn’t difficult for potential customers to comparison shop. “A latte is a latte and you can get something fairly similar at plenty of places around town. For customers who are particularly price sensitive, it’s not a big trip for them to go two blocks across the Berkeley border and get a similar drink for less,” he said.
In an attempt to stymie these concerns, Berkeley mayor Tom Bates proposed a coordinated regional minimum wage last spring between the East Bay cites of Berkeley, Oakland, Emeryville, Alameda, Albany and El Cerrito. Bates suggested that each neighboring city match Oakland’s wage plan in order to level the playing field between regional businesses. “I don’t want to put our businesses at a disadvantage with regard to neighboring communities. It makes sense for everyone to have the same wage,” he told Berkeleyside in April 2014.
Likewise, Hillyard is in support of a regional approach to wage increase. “It would make it much easier for businesses. For example, [Bednarz’s] Actual Cafe is a block and half away from our Emeryville store. If they’re paying a wage that’s two dollars less per hour that means their prices are going to be less as well and it puts our Emeryville store in a difficult competitive situation. The increase would be a real challenge for Emeryville small businesses,” he said.
As of October, when Berkeley’s minimum wage went up to $10 per hour, Bates was still advocating for a regional wage. It may happen without actual legislation. Both Oakland and Emeryville’s wage increases have prompted further discussion on the part of Berkeley City Council’s Labor Commission. Last month, the commission proposed a revised minimum wage law that would increase wages to $16 by 2017 and include language similar to Measure FF regarding service charges. The council is expected to consider the proposal June 9; meanwhile Berkeley’s Minimum Wage Initiative Coalition plans on filing for a ballot measure petition should the proposal fall through, according to the Conta Costa Times.
Looking to the future: diners encouraged to get involved
The IRLE is currently researching how Oakland restaurants have adapted to the wage increase. The research center collected data on prices before and after the increase, and, according to Reich, plans to release the research soon.
Regardless of the results, Oakland restaurant employees and owners predict more changes to come.
“This is such a big picture win for everybody, but any time that there’s a change in the industry, any time there’s a disruption like this, it will have some kind of random effects,” said Porter. “Some might unfortunately take a hit to their business, and that could be me. There’s no guarantee that it won’t be me. So everyone’s a little nervous because you know that when there’s a sea change like this, it’s the roll of the dice could be that it doesn’t work for me short term.”
However, added Porter, “The only way to make the business sustainable is for price of going out to reflect the price of paying employees in our community enough to live on.”
Pina Kahlo, a barista at the new Speaker Box Café in Uptown, thinks that the minimum wage issue is more complicated. “Minimum wage is going to be minimum wage. The system was never meant to fully take care of [service workers]. It is up to us as individuals to be good neighbors to one another, to see one another as human,” she said.
Her solution? Stay active and engaged. “Come out for fair wage, come be with people who also think and want to hang out and make friends too. If you are not out being with people who expressly say ‘I am about this thing,’ then you are the one that’s missing out,” she said.
Sponsored
Similarly, Jayaraman encourages diners to continue to participate in the wage discussion. “I would encourage the consuming public to continue to express their support for workers having better wages and working conditions every time they eat out,” she said. “It’s both a way to let restaurants know that customers really value these things, and it’s also a way to express support to employers who are making the change, staying in business, doing it right, not complaining and trying to figure it out. … More than ever we should be supporting Oakland restaurants because they’ve made a huge leap.”
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In addition to KQED's Bay Area Bites, Kate's work appears on Serious Eats, Berkeleyside NOSH, The Oxford American, America's Test Kitchen cookbooks, and Food52.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/25623fe56e181fe8b6ee92fd0ea077de?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"KateHWilliams","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Kate Williams | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/25623fe56e181fe8b6ee92fd0ea077de?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/25623fe56e181fe8b6ee92fd0ea077de?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/katewilliams"},"alexandrawall":{"type":"authors","id":"5567","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"5567","found":true},"name":"Alix Wall","firstName":"Alix","lastName":"Wall","slug":"alexandrawall","email":"alixwall@sbcglobal.net","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Alix Wall appeared in her hometown paper in Riverside, California as “Chef of the Week” when she was 15 years old, and in high school, she founded “The Bon Appetit Club.” After working as a journalist for many years, Alix became a certified natural foods chef from Bauman College in Berkeley. While she cooks part-time healthy, organic meals for busy families, she is also a contributing editor of j. weekly, the Bay Area’s Jewish newspaper, in which she has a monthly food column. Her food writing can also be found on Berkeleyside’s NOSH and in Edible East Bay. In addition to food, she loves writing about how couples met and fell in love, which she does for The San Francisco Chronicle’s Style section and j. weekly. In 2016, she founded The Illuminoshi: The Not-So-Secret Society of Bay Area Jewish Food Professionals. She is also writer/producer for a documentary-in-progress called \u003ca href=\"https://www.lonelychildmovie.com/\">The Lonely Child\u003c/a>. Follow Alix on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/WallAlix\">@WallAlix\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/421a27f26a185be932f8d567b499b1f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Alix Wall | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/421a27f26a185be932f8d567b499b1f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/421a27f26a185be932f8d567b499b1f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/alexandrawall"},"byline_bayareabites_96350":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_96350","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_96350","name":"Kate Williams, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/berkeleysidenosh/\">Berkeleyside NOSH\u003c/a>","isLoading":false}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"arts","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"food_1337576":{"type":"posts","id":"food_1337576","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"food","id":"1337576","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"samosa","title":"Samosas aren’t from India…Wait, what?","publishDate":1713200788,"format":"video","headTitle":"Samosas aren’t from India…Wait, what? | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Have you ever wondered about the delicious samosa – the perfect starter to any Indian meal? We discovered that this bite-size street food has an epic history and it starts, not in India, but actually beyond the subcontinent. The samosas became such a crowd pleaser that even a famous Sultan/Emperor was enamored by them. The amazing thing about the samosa you enjoy today – is that it is only one of the many iterations that exists around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to Hetal Vasavada, author of the cook book ‘Milk and Cardamom’ for sharing her story and showing us how to make Gujarati style samosas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Subscribe to \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/@KQEDFood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED Food’s YouTube channel\u003c/a> to watch more Beyond The Menu videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read more:\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.baytalfann.com/post/the-story-of-the-samosa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Story of the Samosa\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://recipes.timesofindia.com/articles/food-facts/this-story-about-samosas-origin-will-break-your-heart/pThe%20Story%20of%20the%20Samosahotostory/62220155.cms?picid=62220231\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">This story about samosa’s origin will break your heart\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-36548445\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The story of India as told by a humble street snack\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.thebetterindia.com/80824/samosa-history-india/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TBI Food Secrets: Unravelling the Fascinating History of the Samosa, India’s Favourite Street Snack\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://milkandcardamom.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hetal Vasavada\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/history/people/research/neha-vermani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Neha Vermani\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://milkandcardamom.com/2020/05/14/samosa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hetal Vasavada’s samosa recipe\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About Beyond The Menu:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe story of the food on your plate is more than just the recipe. Each ingredient and every cooking technique goes back hundreds if not thousands of years, traversing the globe on a wildly delicious cross-cultural adventure. In KQED’s new digital food series Beyond The Menu, host Cecilia Phillips interviews chefs, authors, and other experts to dig up surprising facts on the cultural pathways of today’s trendiest dishes. It’s a history show, it’s a mystery series, it’s a celebration of multicultural cuisine, sometimes it’s even a science program, all set against the backdrop of mouth-watering food cinematography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713200804,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":296},"headData":{"title":"Samosas aren’t from India…Wait, what? | KQED","description":"Have you ever wondered about the delicious samosa – the perfect starter to any Indian meal? We discovered that this bite-size street food has an epic history and it starts, not in India, but actually beyond the subcontinent. The samosas became such a crowd pleaser that even a famous Sultan/Emperor was enamored by them. The amazing thing about the samosa you enjoy today – is that it is only one of the many iterations that exists around the world. Thanks to Hetal Vasavada, author of the cook book ‘Milk and Cardamom’ for sharing her story and showing us how to","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Samosas aren’t from India…Wait, what?","datePublished":"2024-04-15T17:06:28.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-15T17:06:44.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/Hzye3hGNulQ?si=-GwUfo48P7IopX5C","source":"Food","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/food","sticky":false,"WpOldSlug":"samosas-arent-from-indiawait-what","nprByline":"Manjula Varghese","subhead":"The samosa, the bite-size Indian street food, is actually not from India","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/food/1337576/samosa","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Have you ever wondered about the delicious samosa – the perfect starter to any Indian meal? We discovered that this bite-size street food has an epic history and it starts, not in India, but actually beyond the subcontinent. The samosas became such a crowd pleaser that even a famous Sultan/Emperor was enamored by them. The amazing thing about the samosa you enjoy today – is that it is only one of the many iterations that exists around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to Hetal Vasavada, author of the cook book ‘Milk and Cardamom’ for sharing her story and showing us how to make Gujarati style samosas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Subscribe to \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/@KQEDFood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED Food’s YouTube channel\u003c/a> to watch more Beyond The Menu videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read more:\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.baytalfann.com/post/the-story-of-the-samosa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Story of the Samosa\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://recipes.timesofindia.com/articles/food-facts/this-story-about-samosas-origin-will-break-your-heart/pThe%20Story%20of%20the%20Samosahotostory/62220155.cms?picid=62220231\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">This story about samosa’s origin will break your heart\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-36548445\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The story of India as told by a humble street snack\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.thebetterindia.com/80824/samosa-history-india/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TBI Food Secrets: Unravelling the Fascinating History of the Samosa, India’s Favourite Street Snack\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://milkandcardamom.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hetal Vasavada\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/history/people/research/neha-vermani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Neha Vermani\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://milkandcardamom.com/2020/05/14/samosa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hetal Vasavada’s samosa recipe\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About Beyond The Menu:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe story of the food on your plate is more than just the recipe. Each ingredient and every cooking technique goes back hundreds if not thousands of years, traversing the globe on a wildly delicious cross-cultural adventure. In KQED’s new digital food series Beyond The Menu, host Cecilia Phillips interviews chefs, authors, and other experts to dig up surprising facts on the cultural pathways of today’s trendiest dishes. It’s a history show, it’s a mystery series, it’s a celebration of multicultural cuisine, sometimes it’s even a science program, all set against the backdrop of mouth-watering food cinematography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/food/1337576/samosa","authors":["byline_food_1337576"],"series":["food_311"],"categories":["food_1"],"tags":["food_114","food_313","food_312","food_143","food_328"],"featImg":"food_1337580","label":"source_food_1337576"},"bayareabites_51586":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_51586","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"51586","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"food-labeling-how-to-identify-conventional-organic-and-gmo-produce","title":"Food Labeling: How to Identify Conventional, Organic and GMO Produce","publishDate":1353400487,"format":"video","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What can you tell from those numbers on fruit and vegetable stickers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The price look-up (PLU) code system used by most produce distributors has the side benefit of allowing consumers to identify conventional and organic produce at the grocery store. Even though the defeat of \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/election2012/2012/11/07/voters-defeat-effort-to-require-gmo-labels-on-foods-proponents-say-they-will-fight-on/\">Proposition 37\u003c/a> means that genetically engineered information will not be added to labels at this time, PLU codes do have the potential to identify genetically engineered produce. This video shows you how to read PLU codes to unlock the information that is already right at your fingertips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2012/11/labeling560.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2012/11/labeling560.jpg\" alt=\"How to Use Price Look-Up Codes on Produce\" title=\"How to Use Price Look-Up Codes on Produce\" width=\"560\" height=\"314\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-51595\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Using Price Look-up Codes (PLUs), the Nutshell:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>PLU codes are four digit numbers that identify different types of produce. For example, #4011 is the code for a standard yellow banana.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The number 9 prefix added to a PLU signifies that an item is organic. For example, #94011 is the code for an organic yellow banana.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A number 8 prefix added to a PLU signifies that an item is genetically engineered (GE). For example, #84011 is the code for a genetically engineered yellow banana.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>PLU codes and their organic prefixes are in wide use but GE codes are rare at best.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>More info:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://plucodes.com\">Price Look-up Codes\u003c/a> (International Federation for Produce Standards)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/Biotechnology/default.htm\">U.S. FDA Biotechnology Safety Assessments\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nongmoshoppingguide.com\">Non-GMO Shopping Guide\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"What can you tell from those numbers on fruit and vegetable stickers? The price look-up (PLU) code system used by most produce distributors has the side benefit of allowing consumers to identify conventional and organic produce at the grocery store.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1502454171,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":217},"headData":{"title":"Food Labeling: How to Identify Conventional, Organic and GMO Produce | KQED","description":"What can you tell from those numbers on fruit and vegetable stickers? The price look-up (PLU) code system used by most produce distributors has the side benefit of allowing consumers to identify conventional and organic produce at the grocery store.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Food Labeling: How to Identify Conventional, Organic and GMO Produce","datePublished":"2012-11-20T08:34:47.000Z","dateModified":"2017-08-11T12:22:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"51586 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=51586","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2012/11/20/food-labeling-how-to-identify-conventional-organic-and-gmo-produce/","disqusTitle":"Food Labeling: How to Identify Conventional, Organic and GMO Produce","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/0eL_W48yGP0","path":"/bayareabites/51586/food-labeling-how-to-identify-conventional-organic-and-gmo-produce","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What can you tell from those numbers on fruit and vegetable stickers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The price look-up (PLU) code system used by most produce distributors has the side benefit of allowing consumers to identify conventional and organic produce at the grocery store. Even though the defeat of \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/election2012/2012/11/07/voters-defeat-effort-to-require-gmo-labels-on-foods-proponents-say-they-will-fight-on/\">Proposition 37\u003c/a> means that genetically engineered information will not be added to labels at this time, PLU codes do have the potential to identify genetically engineered produce. This video shows you how to read PLU codes to unlock the information that is already right at your fingertips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2012/11/labeling560.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2012/11/labeling560.jpg\" alt=\"How to Use Price Look-Up Codes on Produce\" title=\"How to Use Price Look-Up Codes on Produce\" width=\"560\" height=\"314\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-51595\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Using Price Look-up Codes (PLUs), the Nutshell:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>PLU codes are four digit numbers that identify different types of produce. For example, #4011 is the code for a standard yellow banana.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The number 9 prefix added to a PLU signifies that an item is organic. For example, #94011 is the code for an organic yellow banana.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A number 8 prefix added to a PLU signifies that an item is genetically engineered (GE). For example, #84011 is the code for a genetically engineered yellow banana.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>PLU codes and their organic prefixes are in wide use but GE codes are rare at best.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>More info:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://plucodes.com\">Price Look-up Codes\u003c/a> (International Federation for Produce Standards)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/Biotechnology/default.htm\">U.S. FDA Biotechnology Safety Assessments\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nongmoshoppingguide.com\">Non-GMO Shopping Guide\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/51586/food-labeling-how-to-identify-conventional-organic-and-gmo-produce","authors":["5397"],"categories":["bayareabites_752","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_1593","bayareabites_316"],"tags":["bayareabites_10802","bayareabites_10772","bayareabites_10882","bayareabites_10787","bayareabites_10774","bayareabites_65"],"featImg":"bayareabites_51594","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_95128":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_95128","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"95128","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"springtime-delight-rhubarb-puff-tart-pockets","title":"Springtime Delight: Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets","publishDate":1432134035,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Like a pop-tart, only way better, these light-as-air puff pastry tartlets are stuffed with vanilla-scented rhubarb compote.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of my all-time favorite fruits has to be rhubarb. (Yes, yes, it is botanically a vegetable but everyone uses it as a fruit.) And these puff tarts – kinda like pop-tarts only way better – have to be one of my all-time favorite ways to eat it. Gently simmered and perfumed with vanilla bean, the rhubarb compote is stuffed into flaky, buttery puff pastry then baked until the pastry is shatter-crisp and golden brown on the outside and the hidden tart-sweet fruit bubbles on the inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"PZakeBeS83KC8k8Pkmm643cXc8VpOYjg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I recommend seeking out a great-quality, all-butter puff pastry such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.dufourpastrykitchens.com/products-puff.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dufour\u003c/a>, which you can typically find at Whole Foods or other upscale markets. Some bakeries will also sell it by the pound, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.lafarine.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La Farine Bakery\u003c/a> in Rockridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may end up with more rhubarb than you need but it’s great spooned over plain yogurt, pound cake, or vanilla ice cream. Use the juice to make rhubarb sodas or as a simple syrup in a cocktail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, when it’s not in season, feel free to swap out the rhubarb for other fruits: berries, peaches, nectarines, apples, or pears all make superb puff tarts!\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96135\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-96135\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice.jpg\" alt=\"Rhubarb, trimmed and cut into 1/2-inch pieces\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rhubarb, trimmed and cut into 1/2-inch pieces \u003ccite>(Wendy Goodfriend)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Makes 8 tarts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>3/4 lbs (about 4–5 stalks) rhubarb, trimmed and cut into 1/2-inch pieces\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>About 1/3 cup sugar\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 vanilla bean\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 lb puff pastry\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 egg, beaten with 1 tablespoon water\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Turbinado sugar, for sprinkling\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Using a paring knife, split the vanilla bean lengthwise and scrape out the seeds with the back of the knife. Add the rhubarb, sugar, and vanilla bean seeds and pod to a saucepan. Bring to a simmer over medium heat, stirring occasionally, until the rhubarb releases its juices and becomes tender but still holds its shape, about 5 minutes. Remove from the heat and set aside to cool completely. (You may have more than you need; store any remaining in an airtight container for up to 1 week.)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"96156,96145,96131,96132\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Line two baking sheets with parchment. On a lightly floured work surface roll out the puff to a rectangle just larger than 10-by-20-inches. Trim the edges to 10-by-20-inches. Cut out eight 5-inch squares (or, if you cut out 8 rectangles, that’s fine too). Place the squares on one baking sheet and refrigerate for 10 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"96148,96134,96152\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Space the racks are equally in the middle of the oven and preheat the oven to 400F.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Moving quickly, remove the puff from the refrigerator. For each turnover, using a slotted spoon and letting the juices drain back into the bowl, place a few tablespoons rhubarb in the center of the square. Brush two sides of the dough with the egg wash and fold over into a rectangle (you can also fold it into a triangle if it’s a perfect square). Crimp the edge with a fork and place on the prepared baking sheet. Repeat with all 8 turnovers, placing 4 on each baking sheet. Refrigerate for about 10 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"96151,96137,96139,96141,96144\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Brush with the egg wash, pierce the top a few times with a fork or make cuts with a knife, sprinkle with the turbinado sugar, and bake until nicely browned and puffy, about 25 minutes. Let cool for 5 minutes, then dig in!\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"96130,96149,96154,96128,96133\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96142\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-96142\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical.jpg\" alt=\"Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-400x600.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-1440x2160.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-960x1440.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets \u003ccite>(Wendy Goodfriend)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Like a pop-tart, only way better, these light-as-air puff pastry tartlets are stuffed with vanilla-scented rhubarb compote.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1556744711,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":true,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":653},"headData":{"title":"Springtime Delight: Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets | KQED","description":"Like a pop-tart, only way better, these light-as-air puff pastry tartlets are stuffed with vanilla-scented rhubarb compote.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Springtime Delight: Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets","datePublished":"2015-05-20T15:00:35.000Z","dateModified":"2019-05-01T21:05:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"95128 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=95128","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/05/20/springtime-delight-rhubarb-puff-tart-pockets/","disqusTitle":"Springtime Delight: Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets","path":"/bayareabites/95128/springtime-delight-rhubarb-puff-tart-pockets","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Like a pop-tart, only way better, these light-as-air puff pastry tartlets are stuffed with vanilla-scented rhubarb compote.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of my all-time favorite fruits has to be rhubarb. (Yes, yes, it is botanically a vegetable but everyone uses it as a fruit.) And these puff tarts – kinda like pop-tarts only way better – have to be one of my all-time favorite ways to eat it. Gently simmered and perfumed with vanilla bean, the rhubarb compote is stuffed into flaky, buttery puff pastry then baked until the pastry is shatter-crisp and golden brown on the outside and the hidden tart-sweet fruit bubbles on the inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I recommend seeking out a great-quality, all-butter puff pastry such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.dufourpastrykitchens.com/products-puff.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dufour\u003c/a>, which you can typically find at Whole Foods or other upscale markets. Some bakeries will also sell it by the pound, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.lafarine.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La Farine Bakery\u003c/a> in Rockridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may end up with more rhubarb than you need but it’s great spooned over plain yogurt, pound cake, or vanilla ice cream. Use the juice to make rhubarb sodas or as a simple syrup in a cocktail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, when it’s not in season, feel free to swap out the rhubarb for other fruits: berries, peaches, nectarines, apples, or pears all make superb puff tarts!\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96135\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-96135\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice.jpg\" alt=\"Rhubarb, trimmed and cut into 1/2-inch pieces\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-dice-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rhubarb, trimmed and cut into 1/2-inch pieces \u003ccite>(Wendy Goodfriend)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Makes 8 tarts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>3/4 lbs (about 4–5 stalks) rhubarb, trimmed and cut into 1/2-inch pieces\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>About 1/3 cup sugar\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 vanilla bean\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 lb puff pastry\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 egg, beaten with 1 tablespoon water\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Turbinado sugar, for sprinkling\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Using a paring knife, split the vanilla bean lengthwise and scrape out the seeds with the back of the knife. Add the rhubarb, sugar, and vanilla bean seeds and pod to a saucepan. Bring to a simmer over medium heat, stirring occasionally, until the rhubarb releases its juices and becomes tender but still holds its shape, about 5 minutes. Remove from the heat and set aside to cool completely. (You may have more than you need; store any remaining in an airtight container for up to 1 week.)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"96156,96145,96131,96132","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Line two baking sheets with parchment. On a lightly floured work surface roll out the puff to a rectangle just larger than 10-by-20-inches. Trim the edges to 10-by-20-inches. Cut out eight 5-inch squares (or, if you cut out 8 rectangles, that’s fine too). Place the squares on one baking sheet and refrigerate for 10 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"96148,96134,96152","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Space the racks are equally in the middle of the oven and preheat the oven to 400F.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Moving quickly, remove the puff from the refrigerator. For each turnover, using a slotted spoon and letting the juices drain back into the bowl, place a few tablespoons rhubarb in the center of the square. Brush two sides of the dough with the egg wash and fold over into a rectangle (you can also fold it into a triangle if it’s a perfect square). Crimp the edge with a fork and place on the prepared baking sheet. Repeat with all 8 turnovers, placing 4 on each baking sheet. Refrigerate for about 10 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"96151,96137,96139,96141,96144","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Brush with the egg wash, pierce the top a few times with a fork or make cuts with a knife, sprinkle with the turbinado sugar, and bake until nicely browned and puffy, about 25 minutes. Let cool for 5 minutes, then dig in!\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"96130,96149,96154,96128,96133","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96142\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-96142\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical.jpg\" alt=\"Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-400x600.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-1440x2160.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/rhubarb-final-vertical-960x1440.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rhubarb Puff-Tart Pockets \u003ccite>(Wendy Goodfriend)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/95128/springtime-delight-rhubarb-puff-tart-pockets","authors":["5015","5014"],"categories":["bayareabites_1516","bayareabites_12550","bayareabites_12","bayareabites_14362","bayareabites_1873"],"tags":["bayareabites_16291","bayareabites_14738","bayareabites_2139","bayareabites_8986"],"featImg":"bayareabites_96143","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_3920":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_3920","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"3920","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"check-please-how-to-pay-without-looking-like-a-fool-or-making-everyone-uncomfortable","title":"Check, Please: How to Pay without looking like a fool or making everyone uncomfortable.","publishDate":1243008279,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>For most diners, paying one's bill at the finish of a restaurant meal is a simple, uncomplicated process, a no-brainer. Or should be. It never fails to amaze me how many people screw this up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ideal execution of bill getting-and-paying should be a near-non-event. The only words exchanged should be those of thanks between the payer and the server, and from the recipients of the evening's generosity to one giving it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This should be obvious to most of you out there. Hopefully. Sadly, it isn't to everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here are a few handy tips on how to pay a restaurant bill with grace:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. In a fine dining environment, when a server delivers the bill to a table, he or she will either place it nearest the host or hand it directly to him/her if the host reaches out for it, or place the bill in the center of the table if the host is not clearly certain (for example, if more than one person orders wine or food for the table as a whole). Typically, we assume that the person paying is the one who asks for the check. If that happens to be you, please proceed to step 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. When you are ready to make payment, place your credit card, cash, cowrie shells, or whatever method of payment is accepted inside the bill folder with just enough spilling out to indicate that you are ready to make payment. This is important. It is most likely (and hoped for) that your server will not be staring at you as you rifle through your wallet. When you have accomplished this feat, place the bill folder at the edge of the table next to you or, if you are seated in a booth, the end of the table nearest the server's approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I find it surprising how many people do not understand this small-but-important ritual. The folder could be stuffed with cash, but if it looks as though it has been both untouched and unmoved, it's not going anywhere. Servers are often expected to read the minds of guests, but I think they deserve a little help on this one. Please, make it obvious that you are ready to give payment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3. When the server hands you back your bill, sign it at your leisure, but when you are finished, please place it back on the edge of the table. Your server may then take it away. He (in most cases) is not taking it away out of greed, but rather to take care of the paperwork, especially if you have paid by credit card. Your bill must be closed with the proper paperwork. \u003cstrong>Read: the restaurant's copy of the credit card receipt.\u003c/strong> If, in your wine-soaked joy of the evening, you have accidentally pocketed the receipt (and we've all done it at least once, waiters included), the server might gently ask you for it as you leave. You might expect your server to guess what sort of wine you might like with your pork, but do you really expect him or her to guess the amount of gratuity you've left? I didn't think so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Isn't that easy? Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now for a couple of other hints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You've been Declined\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your credit card is declined, it is not necessarily your fault (credit card companies sometimes put a hold on cards on which an unusual amount of spending has occurred at any given time, etc.), but it definitely is not your server's. As a waiter, this can be remarkably painful. I worry that I am embarrassing one of my guests-- especially one of my guests who happens to be leaving me a tip. Any server worth his salt will just treat it (outwardly) that it's no big deal and, rather than say, \"I'm sorry, your card's been declined,\" will say something to the effect of, \"Excuse me, do you have another card? This one doesn't seem to be working.\" Unless I'm handed one of those black titanium American Express cards. Then I always give a little frown and tell them it's declined. The response is invariably one of, \"Uh huh. Sure it is.\" And then I go away and giggle. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essentially, if you are planning on taking people out to dinner, have a back up payment method. If you see no reason your card should be declined, your server will be happy to make a call for you and look into it. Remain calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fighting Over the Check\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most irritating things about waiting tables is guests fighting over the check. Suddenly, the food-and-alcohol-induced peace and harmony at the table is shattered by diners grabbing the checks and credit cards out of each others' hands in a seriously misguided effort to pay for the meal and be \"hospitable.\" Or they're just trying to play Alpha Dog. There is a certain ritual to this that must be followed:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of your dining parters grabs the check and insists on paying. You then say, \"Oh, no, I just \u003cem>couldn't\u003c/em> let you do that.\" Then they counter with something like, \"But I'd really like to treat you to dinner tonight. Really, it would make me \u003cem>very\u003c/em> happy to do it!\" You are then supposed to respond with something to the effect of, \"Well... alright, if it will make you happy, but\u003cem> I'm\u003c/em> taking \u003cem>you\u003c/em> out next time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then you're done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do not, I repeat, \u003cstrong>do not\u003c/strong> drag the server into this. At my tables, I have in most cases been spending the previous two hours making sure that everyone in my charge is as comfortable and happy as possible. I am not there to referee. Taking sides is not in my economic interest. If I am approached privately by a member of a dining party who hands me his or her card and insists on paying, I will: a) run the credit card and hand back at the end of the meal, run and ready so that he or she is one step ahead of arguments, or b) if the card-giver is not the clear-cut host, I will hand the card back uncharged. To the host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In extreme cases, when different people start shoving cards or check presenters in my face (it happens) saying everything but \"Pick me! Pick me!\" I am polite, but firm. And mildly, chidingly sarcastic. I tell the contenders something akin to, \"Oh, you're all just so \u003cem>wonderful\u003c/em> to want to pay for dinner, I wish I could pick \u003cem>all\u003c/em> of you!\" I then take a step back from the table, saying, \"I can't \u003cem>wait\u003c/em> to see who wins!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then I walk away.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":" For most diners, paying one's bill at the finish of a restaurant meal is a simple, uncomplicated process, a no-brainer. Or should be. Sadly, it never fails to amaze me just how many people screw this up.\r\n\r\nThe ideal execution of bill getting-and-paying should be a near-non-event. The only words exchanged should be those of thanks between the payer and the server, and from the recipients of the evening's generosity to one giving it.\r\n\r\nThis should be obvious to most of you out there. Hopefully. \r\n\r\n\u003cstrong>Here are a few handy tips on how to pay a restaurant bill with grace.\u003c/strong>","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1520897284,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1150},"headData":{"title":"Check, Please: How to Pay without looking like a fool or making everyone uncomfortable. | KQED","description":" For most diners, paying one's bill at the finish of a restaurant meal is a simple, uncomplicated process, a no-brainer. Or should be. Sadly, it never fails to amaze me just how many people screw this up.\r\n\r\nThe ideal execution of bill getting-and-paying should be a near-non-event. The only words exchanged should be those of thanks between the payer and the server, and from the recipients of the evening's generosity to one giving it.\r\n\r\nThis should be obvious to most of you out there. Hopefully. \r\n\r\nHere are a few handy tips on how to pay a restaurant bill with grace.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Check, Please: How to Pay without looking like a fool or making everyone uncomfortable.","datePublished":"2009-05-22T16:04:39.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-12T23:28:04.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"3920 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=3920","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2009/05/22/check-please-how-to-pay-without-looking-like-a-fool-or-making-everyone-uncomfortable/","disqusTitle":"Check, Please: How to Pay without looking like a fool or making everyone uncomfortable.","path":"/bayareabites/3920/check-please-how-to-pay-without-looking-like-a-fool-or-making-everyone-uncomfortable","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For most diners, paying one's bill at the finish of a restaurant meal is a simple, uncomplicated process, a no-brainer. Or should be. It never fails to amaze me how many people screw this up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ideal execution of bill getting-and-paying should be a near-non-event. The only words exchanged should be those of thanks between the payer and the server, and from the recipients of the evening's generosity to one giving it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This should be obvious to most of you out there. Hopefully. Sadly, it isn't to everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here are a few handy tips on how to pay a restaurant bill with grace:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. In a fine dining environment, when a server delivers the bill to a table, he or she will either place it nearest the host or hand it directly to him/her if the host reaches out for it, or place the bill in the center of the table if the host is not clearly certain (for example, if more than one person orders wine or food for the table as a whole). Typically, we assume that the person paying is the one who asks for the check. If that happens to be you, please proceed to step 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. When you are ready to make payment, place your credit card, cash, cowrie shells, or whatever method of payment is accepted inside the bill folder with just enough spilling out to indicate that you are ready to make payment. This is important. It is most likely (and hoped for) that your server will not be staring at you as you rifle through your wallet. When you have accomplished this feat, place the bill folder at the edge of the table next to you or, if you are seated in a booth, the end of the table nearest the server's approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I find it surprising how many people do not understand this small-but-important ritual. The folder could be stuffed with cash, but if it looks as though it has been both untouched and unmoved, it's not going anywhere. Servers are often expected to read the minds of guests, but I think they deserve a little help on this one. Please, make it obvious that you are ready to give payment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3. When the server hands you back your bill, sign it at your leisure, but when you are finished, please place it back on the edge of the table. Your server may then take it away. He (in most cases) is not taking it away out of greed, but rather to take care of the paperwork, especially if you have paid by credit card. Your bill must be closed with the proper paperwork. \u003cstrong>Read: the restaurant's copy of the credit card receipt.\u003c/strong> If, in your wine-soaked joy of the evening, you have accidentally pocketed the receipt (and we've all done it at least once, waiters included), the server might gently ask you for it as you leave. You might expect your server to guess what sort of wine you might like with your pork, but do you really expect him or her to guess the amount of gratuity you've left? I didn't think so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Isn't that easy? Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now for a couple of other hints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You've been Declined\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your credit card is declined, it is not necessarily your fault (credit card companies sometimes put a hold on cards on which an unusual amount of spending has occurred at any given time, etc.), but it definitely is not your server's. As a waiter, this can be remarkably painful. I worry that I am embarrassing one of my guests-- especially one of my guests who happens to be leaving me a tip. Any server worth his salt will just treat it (outwardly) that it's no big deal and, rather than say, \"I'm sorry, your card's been declined,\" will say something to the effect of, \"Excuse me, do you have another card? This one doesn't seem to be working.\" Unless I'm handed one of those black titanium American Express cards. Then I always give a little frown and tell them it's declined. The response is invariably one of, \"Uh huh. Sure it is.\" And then I go away and giggle. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essentially, if you are planning on taking people out to dinner, have a back up payment method. If you see no reason your card should be declined, your server will be happy to make a call for you and look into it. Remain calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fighting Over the Check\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most irritating things about waiting tables is guests fighting over the check. Suddenly, the food-and-alcohol-induced peace and harmony at the table is shattered by diners grabbing the checks and credit cards out of each others' hands in a seriously misguided effort to pay for the meal and be \"hospitable.\" Or they're just trying to play Alpha Dog. There is a certain ritual to this that must be followed:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of your dining parters grabs the check and insists on paying. You then say, \"Oh, no, I just \u003cem>couldn't\u003c/em> let you do that.\" Then they counter with something like, \"But I'd really like to treat you to dinner tonight. Really, it would make me \u003cem>very\u003c/em> happy to do it!\" You are then supposed to respond with something to the effect of, \"Well... alright, if it will make you happy, but\u003cem> I'm\u003c/em> taking \u003cem>you\u003c/em> out next time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then you're done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do not, I repeat, \u003cstrong>do not\u003c/strong> drag the server into this. At my tables, I have in most cases been spending the previous two hours making sure that everyone in my charge is as comfortable and happy as possible. I am not there to referee. Taking sides is not in my economic interest. If I am approached privately by a member of a dining party who hands me his or her card and insists on paying, I will: a) run the credit card and hand back at the end of the meal, run and ready so that he or she is one step ahead of arguments, or b) if the card-giver is not the clear-cut host, I will hand the card back uncharged. To the host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In extreme cases, when different people start shoving cards or check presenters in my face (it happens) saying everything but \"Pick me! Pick me!\" I am polite, but firm. And mildly, chidingly sarcastic. I tell the contenders something akin to, \"Oh, you're all just so \u003cem>wonderful\u003c/em> to want to pay for dinner, I wish I could pick \u003cem>all\u003c/em> of you!\" I then take a step back from the table, saying, \"I can't \u003cem>wait\u003c/em> to see who wins!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then I walk away.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/3920/check-please-how-to-pay-without-looking-like-a-fool-or-making-everyone-uncomfortable","authors":["5017"],"categories":["bayareabites_752","bayareabites_1146"],"tags":["bayareabites_666","bayareabites_2193","bayareabites_92"],"featImg":"bayareabites_3921","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_94355":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_94355","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"94355","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bored-of-apples-and-walnuts-try-adding-date-charoset-to-your-passover-table-this-year","title":"Bored of Apples and Walnuts? Try Adding Date Charoset to Your Passover Table This Year","publishDate":1427513448,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94348\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94348\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final-800x600.jpg\" alt=\" Dates figure prominently in Charoset, the symbolic food that Jews eat on Passover, throughout the Arab world. In this version from Iraq, dates are used in syrup form, and mixed together with walnuts and lemon juice. Photo: Alix Wall\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dates figure prominently in Charoset, the symbolic food that Jews eat on Passover, throughout the Arab world. In this version from Iraq, dates are used in syrup form, and mixed together with walnuts and lemon juice. Photo: Alix Wall\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was updated April 1, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"http://www.jewfaq.org/holidaya.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Passover\u003c/a> begins this week, (first seder is Friday night, April 19) those participating in seders -- ritual Passover meals -- will eat symbolic foods like charoset, a fruit and nut mixture that represents the mortar Jews used as slaves in Egypt. The word charoset comes from the Hebrew word for clay, \u003cem>heres\u003c/em>.\u003cbr>\n[aside postID=\"bayareabites_116672,bayareabites_108527\"]\u003cbr>\nFor most American Jews whose ancestors are \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ashkenazi\u003c/a>, meaning they come from Eastern Europe, charoset hardly varies; the mixture is made with chopped apples, chopped walnuts, sweet Passover wine, like Manischewitz, a little honey, and perhaps cinnamon. Whether your family came from Russia, Poland or Hungary, they probably made it that way and most likely still do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizrahi_Jews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mizrachi\u003c/a> Jews – whose families come from the Middle East, North Africa and the Caucuses – the traditional staple is entirely different, and it varies from country to country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as apples are the main ingredient in the European version, dates are a staple in the Arab world, and so they are found in nearly every Mizrachi recipe. Jews from the East are also more likely to use fruits mentioned in the Bible, so figs and raisins are also common. While cinnamon is commonly used in Arab versions, many more spices are likely to be found with it, like cardamom, ginger and nutmeg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94351\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94351\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"From left, charoset from Iraq, Libya and Iran. Photo: Alix Wall\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, charoset from Iraq, Libya and Iran. Photo: Alix Wall\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The consistency is also different. While the apple and walnuts version doesn’t much resemble a paste, Mizrachi versions hold together much better. In some countries, like Morocco and Libya, the charoset is sometimes rolled into balls, something that can’t be done with the chunky apple version.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While my family is as Eastern European as they come, my aunt introduced an Egyptian charoset recipe to our Passover table many years ago. While we always have a small bowl of the Ashkenazi apple version on the table for nostalgic purposes, we usually make twice as much of the Egyptian one, knowing it’s now the new family favorite.\u003cbr>\nI’m hosting my family for Passover this year, and so rather than go back to our tried and true Egyptian version, I talked to some Bay Area residents about their family recipes. Maybe you’ll want to introduce a new tradition at your seder this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Iraq\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Simcha Canoush lives in the West Portal section of San Francisco. Her family lived in Baghdad for centuries, and she comes from a long line of rabbis. Her family left Iraq in 1951 for Israel, and she came to the Bay Area in the 70s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than called charoset, in Iraq it’s called \u003cem>helayk\u003c/em>. To make it, dates were simmered in hot water until soft, and then the liquid was pushed through cheese cloth. Walnuts would then be pounded in a sack with a hammer into pieces, and mixed together with the dates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, of course, it’s much simpler to make. Canoush buys date syrup either from Iraq or Israel (it can be found in Middle Eastern groceries), and she grinds her walnuts in the food processor, and then stirs the two together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people add cardamom too, to make it a little more interesting, but my family didn’t,” said Canoush. “I put a tiny bit of lemon juice to bring out the taste.” She adds, “you don’t want it too thick, but you don’t want the date syrup to run out from the nuts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Canoush sometimes makes other versions of charoset as well, she said this one is always the most popular at her table. I suggest adding a bit of flaky sea salt to really bring out the flavors.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Libya\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94349\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94349\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Orange peel makes this Libyan version non-traditional, but adds some tartness. Photo: Alix Wall\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orange peel makes this Libyan version non-traditional, but adds some tartness. Photo: Alix Wall\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Jose State English Literature professor Dalia Sirkin was born in Libya, and came to the United States via Italy. Her mother was among those that rolled the charoset into balls for serving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirkin, who lives in Menlo Park, begins by peeling and grating an apple (this can be done in the food processor.) Then she adds the nuts; she usually uses a combination of walnuts, almonds and hazelnuts. Dates are once again the main fruit here, and she also adds a splash of grape juice and half an orange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The different liquids give it better texture and helps blend the flavors,” she said. “I really go by taste, I keep on tasting until I find the texture is what I want, and the taste has all the flavors I want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to spices, Sirkin uses cinnamon, but only the tiniest amount, since it can easily overpower everything else. She also uses cardamom, and lots of freshly grated nutmeg.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Iran\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94347\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Asal: While on a farming fellowship, Asal Esanipour learned how to milk goats. Photo: courtesy of Asal Ehsanipour\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-320x427.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Asal: While on a farming fellowship, Asal Esanipour learned how to milk goats. Photo: courtesy of Asal Ehsanipour\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Asal Ehsanipour of San Mateo, is a recent college graduate and recently completed an organic farming fellowship. While she was born here, a typical Persian charoset recipe is always on her family’s seder table, as her parents are originally from Tehran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it has a bit in common with the Libyan recipe, above, it also deviates quite a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nuts used are almonds, walnuts and pistachios, of course, as they are always found in Persian cuisine. Hazelnuts and cashews are optional, Ehsanipour said, and all should be unsalted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94350\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94350\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Pistachios are a staple of Persian cuisine, and that goes for the charoset made by Persian Jews as well. They give the Persian version a lovely green hue. Photo: Alix Wall\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pistachios are a staple of Persian cuisine, and that goes for the charoset made by Persian Jews as well. They give the Persian version a lovely green hue. Photo: Alix Wall\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My grandpa used to put in every kind of nut,” she said, “as he wanted the flavor as complex as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I peeled and shredded half an apple for this recipe, and did that first in the food processor and then removed it to grind the nuts. I then added a bit of grape juice, the dates and some raisins. I then added the shredded apple back in, and half a mashed banana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bit of sweet Passover wine is optional, as is pomegranate juice (I recommend both to add acidity). The paste is then spiced with a dash of cinnamon, ground cardamom and ground ginger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should have a really good crunch to it,” said Ehsanipour, “which I’ve always liked about our charoset recipe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Iraqi helayk\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>2 1/2 cups walnuts\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 cup date syrup (can be found in Middle Eastern Markets)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>1 to 2 tbsp lemon juice, to taste\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Pulse walnuts in a food processor until ground into small pieces. Scrape them into a bowl.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add the date syrup and mix until consistent. Add lemon juice to taste.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Libyan charoset\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>1 apple, peeled, cored and quartered (I recommend a tart Granny Smith, to counter the sweetness)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/3 cup each walnuts, almonds and hazelnuts\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3/4 cup dates, pitted\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 orange (peel included, seeds removed if visible)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 cup grape juice\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/8 tsp cinnamon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 tsp ground cardamom\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 tsp ground nutmeg\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Shred the apple using a food processor or a box grater.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pulse the nuts in the food processor until ground into small pieces.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add the apple, dates, orange, and grape juice. Pulse until it forms a paste (nuts should still be in small pieces; consistency shouldn’t be entirely smooth.)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Put into a bowl, and stir in spices.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Persian charoset\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>1/2 apple, peeled, cored and cut into quarters (I recommend a tart granny smith, to counter the sweetness)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup mixed nuts (pistachios, walnuts, and almonds). Cashews and hazelnuts are optional.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 cup grape juice\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3/4 cup dates, pitted\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 cup raisins\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 banana, mashed\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>optional: dash of sweet Passover wine and pomegranate juice\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/8 tsp cinnamon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 tsp ground cardamom\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 tsp ground ginger\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Shred apple on a box grater or in a food processor with the shredding attachment and set aside.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pulse nuts in food processor until just ground.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add grape juice, dates and raisins and pulse until just combined.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add banana and apple, wine and pomegranate juice, if using. Pulse some more until just combined; there should still be some texture and it shouldn’t be completely smooth.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Put into a bowl, and stir in spices.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: Post updated in 2017\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Most American Jews are of Eastern European descent, which means their charoset is made from apples, walnuts, sweet wine and cinnamon. The traditional Passover food varies widely from other regions and contains different ingredients. Alix Wall spoke with three Bay Area home cooks who shared their unique family recipes.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1554324035,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":32,"wordCount":1472},"headData":{"title":"Bored of Apples and Walnuts? Try Adding Date Charoset to Your Passover Table This Year | KQED","description":"Most American Jews are of Eastern European descent, which means their charoset is made from apples, walnuts, sweet wine and cinnamon. The traditional Passover food varies widely from other regions and contains different ingredients. Alix Wall spoke with three Bay Area home cooks who shared their unique family recipes.\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bored of Apples and Walnuts? Try Adding Date Charoset to Your Passover Table This Year","datePublished":"2015-03-28T03:30:48.000Z","dateModified":"2019-04-03T20:40:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"94355 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=94355","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/03/27/bored-of-apples-and-walnuts-try-adding-date-charoset-to-your-passover-table-this-year/","disqusTitle":"Bored of Apples and Walnuts? Try Adding Date Charoset to Your Passover Table This Year","WpOldSlug":"bored-of-apples-and-walnuts-try-adding-date-charoset-to-your-passover-table-this-year-2","path":"/bayareabites/94355/bored-of-apples-and-walnuts-try-adding-date-charoset-to-your-passover-table-this-year","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94348\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94348\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final-800x600.jpg\" alt=\" Dates figure prominently in Charoset, the symbolic food that Jews eat on Passover, throughout the Arab world. In this version from Iraq, dates are used in syrup form, and mixed together with walnuts and lemon juice. Photo: Alix Wall\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch1-final-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dates figure prominently in Charoset, the symbolic food that Jews eat on Passover, throughout the Arab world. In this version from Iraq, dates are used in syrup form, and mixed together with walnuts and lemon juice. Photo: Alix Wall\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was updated April 1, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"http://www.jewfaq.org/holidaya.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Passover\u003c/a> begins this week, (first seder is Friday night, April 19) those participating in seders -- ritual Passover meals -- will eat symbolic foods like charoset, a fruit and nut mixture that represents the mortar Jews used as slaves in Egypt. The word charoset comes from the Hebrew word for clay, \u003cem>heres\u003c/em>.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"bayareabites_116672,bayareabites_108527","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nFor most American Jews whose ancestors are \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ashkenazi\u003c/a>, meaning they come from Eastern Europe, charoset hardly varies; the mixture is made with chopped apples, chopped walnuts, sweet Passover wine, like Manischewitz, a little honey, and perhaps cinnamon. Whether your family came from Russia, Poland or Hungary, they probably made it that way and most likely still do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizrahi_Jews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mizrachi\u003c/a> Jews – whose families come from the Middle East, North Africa and the Caucuses – the traditional staple is entirely different, and it varies from country to country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as apples are the main ingredient in the European version, dates are a staple in the Arab world, and so they are found in nearly every Mizrachi recipe. Jews from the East are also more likely to use fruits mentioned in the Bible, so figs and raisins are also common. While cinnamon is commonly used in Arab versions, many more spices are likely to be found with it, like cardamom, ginger and nutmeg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94351\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94351\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"From left, charoset from Iraq, Libya and Iran. Photo: Alix Wall\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch5-3types-final-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, charoset from Iraq, Libya and Iran. Photo: Alix Wall\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The consistency is also different. While the apple and walnuts version doesn’t much resemble a paste, Mizrachi versions hold together much better. In some countries, like Morocco and Libya, the charoset is sometimes rolled into balls, something that can’t be done with the chunky apple version.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While my family is as Eastern European as they come, my aunt introduced an Egyptian charoset recipe to our Passover table many years ago. While we always have a small bowl of the Ashkenazi apple version on the table for nostalgic purposes, we usually make twice as much of the Egyptian one, knowing it’s now the new family favorite.\u003cbr>\nI’m hosting my family for Passover this year, and so rather than go back to our tried and true Egyptian version, I talked to some Bay Area residents about their family recipes. Maybe you’ll want to introduce a new tradition at your seder this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Iraq\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Simcha Canoush lives in the West Portal section of San Francisco. Her family lived in Baghdad for centuries, and she comes from a long line of rabbis. Her family left Iraq in 1951 for Israel, and she came to the Bay Area in the 70s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than called charoset, in Iraq it’s called \u003cem>helayk\u003c/em>. To make it, dates were simmered in hot water until soft, and then the liquid was pushed through cheese cloth. Walnuts would then be pounded in a sack with a hammer into pieces, and mixed together with the dates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, of course, it’s much simpler to make. Canoush buys date syrup either from Iraq or Israel (it can be found in Middle Eastern groceries), and she grinds her walnuts in the food processor, and then stirs the two together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people add cardamom too, to make it a little more interesting, but my family didn’t,” said Canoush. “I put a tiny bit of lemon juice to bring out the taste.” She adds, “you don’t want it too thick, but you don’t want the date syrup to run out from the nuts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Canoush sometimes makes other versions of charoset as well, she said this one is always the most popular at her table. I suggest adding a bit of flaky sea salt to really bring out the flavors.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Libya\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94349\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94349\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Orange peel makes this Libyan version non-traditional, but adds some tartness. Photo: Alix Wall\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch3-final-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orange peel makes this Libyan version non-traditional, but adds some tartness. Photo: Alix Wall\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Jose State English Literature professor Dalia Sirkin was born in Libya, and came to the United States via Italy. Her mother was among those that rolled the charoset into balls for serving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirkin, who lives in Menlo Park, begins by peeling and grating an apple (this can be done in the food processor.) Then she adds the nuts; she usually uses a combination of walnuts, almonds and hazelnuts. Dates are once again the main fruit here, and she also adds a splash of grape juice and half an orange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The different liquids give it better texture and helps blend the flavors,” she said. “I really go by taste, I keep on tasting until I find the texture is what I want, and the taste has all the flavors I want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to spices, Sirkin uses cinnamon, but only the tiniest amount, since it can easily overpower everything else. She also uses cardamom, and lots of freshly grated nutmeg.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Iran\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94347\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Asal: While on a farming fellowship, Asal Esanipour learned how to milk goats. Photo: courtesy of Asal Ehsanipour\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Asal-1920-final-320x427.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Asal: While on a farming fellowship, Asal Esanipour learned how to milk goats. Photo: courtesy of Asal Ehsanipour\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Asal Ehsanipour of San Mateo, is a recent college graduate and recently completed an organic farming fellowship. While she was born here, a typical Persian charoset recipe is always on her family’s seder table, as her parents are originally from Tehran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it has a bit in common with the Libyan recipe, above, it also deviates quite a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nuts used are almonds, walnuts and pistachios, of course, as they are always found in Persian cuisine. Hazelnuts and cashews are optional, Ehsanipour said, and all should be unsalted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94350\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-94350\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Pistachios are a staple of Persian cuisine, and that goes for the charoset made by Persian Jews as well. They give the Persian version a lovely green hue. Photo: Alix Wall\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ch4-final-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pistachios are a staple of Persian cuisine, and that goes for the charoset made by Persian Jews as well. They give the Persian version a lovely green hue. Photo: Alix Wall\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My grandpa used to put in every kind of nut,” she said, “as he wanted the flavor as complex as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I peeled and shredded half an apple for this recipe, and did that first in the food processor and then removed it to grind the nuts. I then added a bit of grape juice, the dates and some raisins. I then added the shredded apple back in, and half a mashed banana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bit of sweet Passover wine is optional, as is pomegranate juice (I recommend both to add acidity). The paste is then spiced with a dash of cinnamon, ground cardamom and ground ginger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should have a really good crunch to it,” said Ehsanipour, “which I’ve always liked about our charoset recipe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Iraqi helayk\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>2 1/2 cups walnuts\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 cup date syrup (can be found in Middle Eastern Markets)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>1 to 2 tbsp lemon juice, to taste\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Pulse walnuts in a food processor until ground into small pieces. Scrape them into a bowl.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add the date syrup and mix until consistent. Add lemon juice to taste.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Libyan charoset\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>1 apple, peeled, cored and quartered (I recommend a tart Granny Smith, to counter the sweetness)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/3 cup each walnuts, almonds and hazelnuts\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3/4 cup dates, pitted\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 orange (peel included, seeds removed if visible)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 cup grape juice\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/8 tsp cinnamon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 tsp ground cardamom\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 tsp ground nutmeg\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Shred the apple using a food processor or a box grater.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pulse the nuts in the food processor until ground into small pieces.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add the apple, dates, orange, and grape juice. Pulse until it forms a paste (nuts should still be in small pieces; consistency shouldn’t be entirely smooth.)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Put into a bowl, and stir in spices.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Persian charoset\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>1/2 apple, peeled, cored and cut into quarters (I recommend a tart granny smith, to counter the sweetness)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup mixed nuts (pistachios, walnuts, and almonds). Cashews and hazelnuts are optional.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 cup grape juice\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3/4 cup dates, pitted\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 cup raisins\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 banana, mashed\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>optional: dash of sweet Passover wine and pomegranate juice\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/8 tsp cinnamon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 tsp ground cardamom\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 tsp ground ginger\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Shred apple on a box grater or in a food processor with the shredding attachment and set aside.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pulse nuts in food processor until just ground.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add grape juice, dates and raisins and pulse until just combined.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add banana and apple, wine and pomegranate juice, if using. Pulse some more until just combined; there should still be some texture and it shouldn’t be completely smooth.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Put into a bowl, and stir in spices.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: Post updated in 2017\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/94355/bored-of-apples-and-walnuts-try-adding-date-charoset-to-your-passover-table-this-year","authors":["5567"],"categories":["bayareabites_12550","bayareabites_1763","bayareabites_12"],"tags":["bayareabites_14231","bayareabites_3662","bayareabites_2041","bayareabites_14738"],"featImg":"bayareabites_94351","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_107764":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_107764","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"107764","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"diy-bone-broth-you-really-should-be-making-it-at-home","title":"DIY Bone Broth - You Really Should be Making It at Home","publishDate":1459271683,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot.jpg\" alt=\"The makings of homemade bone broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108102\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The makings of homemade bone broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Okay, so I know that earlier this month I went on an epic \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/03/02/for-the-best-store-bought-bone-broth-seek-out-a-butcher/\">tasting of the prepared bone broths\u003c/a> available in the Bay Area. I know I said that some of them were quite good — and they still are. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here’s the thing: it is far, far cheaper to make bone broth at home. Most of the store bought bone broths in my tasting were priced above $10 per quart. Homemade bone broth? That’ll cost you roughly the same amount of money for four to six quarts. And that’s if you start with all brand-new bones. If you start a collection of leftover bones in your freezer, you can cut that cost down even more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making broth at home doesn’t just save you money, either. It also allows you to control the flavor and consistency of your broth. I, for one, don’t like drinking straight beef broth. Instead, I prefer a mix of beef and chicken bones for a less meaty flavor. Like super beefy broth? Forget my preferences and make it with 100% cow bones. I like to also add some onion and carrot for background sweetness and depth, but you don’t have to. Keep it simple with just bones and water, and see how you like the result. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I make bone broth, I think of it as meat stock. (It is, in fact, just a meat stock rebranded as a trendy, expensive drink. But I’m not going to rant on that today. You can read it again here.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot.jpg\" alt=\"Carrots and onions add a touch of sweetness and complexity to the bone broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108099\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carrots and onions add a touch of sweetness and complexity to the bone broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To begin, I gently sweat diced onions and carrots in a little bit of oil, just until they’re softened and sweet. Then I add bones and water at a ratio of about 1 pound bones to 1 quart water. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re starting from scratch (aka buying all of your bones at the store), it’s best to be a little strategic about what you’re purchasing. For the best flavor, you’ll want to use bones that still have some meat on them. For the best texture and the best opportunity to get collagen and gelatin into the broth, you’ll also want to add bones with cartilage and connective tissue and all that goodness as well. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the beef bones, I like to use meaty knuckle bones. You can also use bones like oxtail or marrow (preferably with some meat still attached). Make sure they’re cut into somewhat smallish pieces to expose any marrow inside the bones. You can ask your butcher to do this for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2.jpg\" alt=\"Beef knuckle bones make good stock because they offer a good mix of meat, bone, marrow and connective tissue.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1299\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108097\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-400x271.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-768x520.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-1440x974.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-960x650.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beef knuckle bones make good stock because they offer a good mix of meat, bone, marrow and connective tissue. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For the chicken bones, I like to use chicken backs. They’re easy to collect if you make a habit of purchasing whole chickens and cutting them into smaller portions at home. Most butcher shops will also have a stash of chicken backs that they’ll sell you for next to nothing. You can also use chicken wings, which are fairly cheap and have a pretty good meat-to-bone-to-cartilage ratio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108100\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2.jpg\" alt=\"Chicken backs are a convenient and cheap addition.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1337\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108100\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-400x279.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-800x557.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-768x535.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-1440x1003.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-1180x822.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-960x669.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chicken backs are a convenient and cheap addition. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Finally, I also like to add chicken feet. They may make you squirm if you don’t make a habit of purchasing them, but I recommend taking a deep breath and moving on from that squirm. Chicken feet are a great source of both gelatin and collagen, and like chicken backs and wings, are quite cheap. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2.jpg\" alt=\"Chicken feet add additional gelatin and collagen to the broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1221\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108101\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-400x254.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-800x509.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-768x488.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-1440x916.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-1180x750.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-960x611.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chicken feet add additional gelatin and collagen to the broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Side note:\u003c/strong> I prefer to make my bone broth with unroasted bones because I think it makes a better drinking broth. But if you want deeper, richer flavor, you should roast the bones before simmering. Simply spread them out in a roasting pan and pop them in a 400°F oven until they’re deeply browned, around 1 hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you’ve got all the bones, vegetables and water combined, bring the whole mess to a full boil over high heat. The bones will likely expel a bunch of grey gunk. (There will be more if you’re starting with raw bones than roasted bones.) Skim off as much of this gunk as you can, and then turn the heat down as low as it goes. Partially cover the pot with a lid and let it quietly simmer for about 12 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil.jpg\" alt=\"Skim off all of the grey scum from the simmering broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108098\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Skim off all of the grey scum from the simmering broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I typically start my broth before I go to bed and let it gurgle away while I’m sleeping. If you’re worried that a very low flame will burn your house down while you’re sleeping (it won’t), you can also start your broth first thing in the morning. Make it on a weekend while you’re in and out of the kitchen to reduce anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 12 hours, the water level will have reduced slightly and the bones will have browned and softened. Strain the broth through a fine mesh strainer into a clean pot. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering.jpg\" alt=\"The broth after simmering for 12 hours.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108103\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The broth after simmering for 12 hours. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you start with raw bones, there will likely be a thick layer of fat on top of the broth. If you start with roasted bones, there’ll still be some fat but not nearly as much. I’d recommend skimming as much of it off as possible before proceeding. You can save the fat later to use as a cap on top of the broth if you’d like (it’ll keep it fresher longer), or just toss it. Be judicious, though — while a little bit of fat can be nice, greasy broth is pretty gross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, I like to reduce the broth a little further before storing it. This step will concentrate the gelatin, collagen and any other minerals in the broth. It also, obviously, reduces the final volume of the broth, making it easier to store. But if you’re happy with how the broth tastes now, you can skip this step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bring the pot of strained broth to a rapid simmer and let it reduce for about an hour. It should reduce by about one-third in volume, leaving you with about four quarts broth. Remove the broth from the heat. If you’re going to be drinking the broth, you’ll likely want to season it now. Add salt to taste. If you’re using the broth for cooking, you may want to skip the salt for now or keep the levels low. It’s much easier, after all, to add more salt as you’re cooking than to correct for over-seasoning. Let the broth cool to room temperature after seasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing.jpg\" alt=\"Reducing the strained broth further concentrates flavor and nutritional goodies.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108106\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reducing the strained broth further concentrates flavor and nutritional goodies. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Depending on the speed with which you go through broth, you’ll likely want to freeze some or all of your broth. The best method, IMHO, is to divide the cooled broth between gallon-sized freezer bags and freeze the stock flat. It will take up very little freezer space this way. I typically measure one quart per bag because it’s a common measure for stock in cooking recipes. I like to freeze three quarts of broth and save one quart in a glass jar to store in the fridge for more immediate use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108105\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks.jpg\" alt=\"Freeze the broth in flattened gallon zipper lock bags to save space.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1274\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108105\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-400x265.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-768x510.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-1440x956.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-1180x783.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-960x637.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Freeze the broth in flattened gallon zipper lock bags to save space. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, revel in your thriftiness while sipping on a hot mug of broth. Or make some soup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108104\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3.jpg\" alt=\"Homemade bone broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2549\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108104\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-400x531.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-800x1062.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-768x1020.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-1440x1912.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-1180x1567.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-960x1275.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Homemade bone broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Homemade Bone Broth\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Makes 4 quarts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Note:\u003c/strong> I prefer to make bone broth with raw bones because the final result is slightly lighter in flavor and nicer for drinking. If, however, you’d like a more deeply flavored bone broth, you can roast the beef bones and chicken backs before beginning. Roast the bones at 400°F until deeply browned, about 1 hour. If you’d like a slightly less gelatinous broth, you can skip the final reducing step. That version of the recipe will yield about 5 ½ quarts. If you prefer beef bone broth, you can substitute 3 additional pounds of beef bones for the chicken backs. Don’t skip the chicken feet. If you prefer all-chicken bone broth, replace the beef bones with 3 additional pounds chicken backs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>1 tablespoon vegetable oil\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 onions, diced\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3 carrots, peeled and diced\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3 pounds meaty beef bones, such as knuckle bones\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3 pounds chicken backs or chicken wings\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>8 ounces chicken feet\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>6 quarts water\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Salt, to taste (optional)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>Heat the oil in a large stockpot over medium heat. When the oil is shimmering, add the onions and carrots and cook, stirring occasionally, until softened but not yet browned, 7 to 10 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add the beef bones, chicken backs, and chicken feet. Cover with the water. Increase the heat to high and bring to a rapid boil. Skim off the brown scum that forms on the surface. Reduce the heat to low, partially cover the pot with a lid, and simmer for 12 hours.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Strain the broth through a fine mesh strainer into a clean large pot. Skim off the fat from the surface of the broth. (There will be a lot.) Return the pot to medium-high heat and bring to a rapid simmer. Continue to simmer, skimming occasionally if needed, until the broth is reduced to 4 quarts, about 1 hour. Season to taste with salt if desired.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Let cool to room temperature before transferring to storage containers. I prefer to store 1 quart in a glass jar in the refrigerator (it’ll be good for a week or two) and the remainder in gallon ziplock bags, frozen flat as indicated in the story above.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Don't want to shell out the big bucks for store-bought bone broth? Learn how to make this very easy recipe at home. Kate Williams will show you how. \r\n\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1459447708,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1719},"headData":{"title":"DIY Bone Broth - You Really Should be Making It at Home | KQED","description":"Don't want to shell out the big bucks for store-bought bone broth? Learn how to make this very easy recipe at home. Kate Williams will show you how. \r\n\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"DIY Bone Broth - You Really Should be Making It at Home","datePublished":"2016-03-29T17:14:43.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-31T18:08:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"107764 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=107764","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/03/29/diy-bone-broth-you-really-should-be-making-it-at-home/","disqusTitle":"DIY Bone Broth - You Really Should be Making It at Home","path":"/bayareabites/107764/diy-bone-broth-you-really-should-be-making-it-at-home","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot.jpg\" alt=\"The makings of homemade bone broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108102\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/everything-in-pot-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The makings of homemade bone broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Okay, so I know that earlier this month I went on an epic \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/03/02/for-the-best-store-bought-bone-broth-seek-out-a-butcher/\">tasting of the prepared bone broths\u003c/a> available in the Bay Area. I know I said that some of them were quite good — and they still are. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here’s the thing: it is far, far cheaper to make bone broth at home. Most of the store bought bone broths in my tasting were priced above $10 per quart. Homemade bone broth? That’ll cost you roughly the same amount of money for four to six quarts. And that’s if you start with all brand-new bones. If you start a collection of leftover bones in your freezer, you can cut that cost down even more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making broth at home doesn’t just save you money, either. It also allows you to control the flavor and consistency of your broth. I, for one, don’t like drinking straight beef broth. Instead, I prefer a mix of beef and chicken bones for a less meaty flavor. Like super beefy broth? Forget my preferences and make it with 100% cow bones. I like to also add some onion and carrot for background sweetness and depth, but you don’t have to. Keep it simple with just bones and water, and see how you like the result. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I make bone broth, I think of it as meat stock. (It is, in fact, just a meat stock rebranded as a trendy, expensive drink. But I’m not going to rant on that today. You can read it again here.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot.jpg\" alt=\"Carrots and onions add a touch of sweetness and complexity to the bone broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108099\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/carrots-and-onion-in-pot-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carrots and onions add a touch of sweetness and complexity to the bone broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To begin, I gently sweat diced onions and carrots in a little bit of oil, just until they’re softened and sweet. Then I add bones and water at a ratio of about 1 pound bones to 1 quart water. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re starting from scratch (aka buying all of your bones at the store), it’s best to be a little strategic about what you’re purchasing. For the best flavor, you’ll want to use bones that still have some meat on them. For the best texture and the best opportunity to get collagen and gelatin into the broth, you’ll also want to add bones with cartilage and connective tissue and all that goodness as well. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the beef bones, I like to use meaty knuckle bones. You can also use bones like oxtail or marrow (preferably with some meat still attached). Make sure they’re cut into somewhat smallish pieces to expose any marrow inside the bones. You can ask your butcher to do this for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2.jpg\" alt=\"Beef knuckle bones make good stock because they offer a good mix of meat, bone, marrow and connective tissue.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1299\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108097\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-400x271.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-768x520.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-1440x974.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/beef-knuckle-2-960x650.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beef knuckle bones make good stock because they offer a good mix of meat, bone, marrow and connective tissue. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For the chicken bones, I like to use chicken backs. They’re easy to collect if you make a habit of purchasing whole chickens and cutting them into smaller portions at home. Most butcher shops will also have a stash of chicken backs that they’ll sell you for next to nothing. You can also use chicken wings, which are fairly cheap and have a pretty good meat-to-bone-to-cartilage ratio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108100\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2.jpg\" alt=\"Chicken backs are a convenient and cheap addition.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1337\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108100\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-400x279.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-800x557.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-768x535.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-1440x1003.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-1180x822.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-back-2-960x669.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chicken backs are a convenient and cheap addition. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Finally, I also like to add chicken feet. They may make you squirm if you don’t make a habit of purchasing them, but I recommend taking a deep breath and moving on from that squirm. Chicken feet are a great source of both gelatin and collagen, and like chicken backs and wings, are quite cheap. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2.jpg\" alt=\"Chicken feet add additional gelatin and collagen to the broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1221\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108101\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-400x254.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-800x509.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-768x488.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-1440x916.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-1180x750.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/chicken-feet-2-960x611.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chicken feet add additional gelatin and collagen to the broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Side note:\u003c/strong> I prefer to make my bone broth with unroasted bones because I think it makes a better drinking broth. But if you want deeper, richer flavor, you should roast the bones before simmering. Simply spread them out in a roasting pan and pop them in a 400°F oven until they’re deeply browned, around 1 hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you’ve got all the bones, vegetables and water combined, bring the whole mess to a full boil over high heat. The bones will likely expel a bunch of grey gunk. (There will be more if you’re starting with raw bones than roasted bones.) Skim off as much of this gunk as you can, and then turn the heat down as low as it goes. Partially cover the pot with a lid and let it quietly simmer for about 12 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil.jpg\" alt=\"Skim off all of the grey scum from the simmering broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108098\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/bring-to-a-boil-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Skim off all of the grey scum from the simmering broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I typically start my broth before I go to bed and let it gurgle away while I’m sleeping. If you’re worried that a very low flame will burn your house down while you’re sleeping (it won’t), you can also start your broth first thing in the morning. Make it on a weekend while you’re in and out of the kitchen to reduce anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 12 hours, the water level will have reduced slightly and the bones will have browned and softened. Strain the broth through a fine mesh strainer into a clean pot. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering.jpg\" alt=\"The broth after simmering for 12 hours.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108103\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/finished-simmering-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The broth after simmering for 12 hours. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you start with raw bones, there will likely be a thick layer of fat on top of the broth. If you start with roasted bones, there’ll still be some fat but not nearly as much. I’d recommend skimming as much of it off as possible before proceeding. You can save the fat later to use as a cap on top of the broth if you’d like (it’ll keep it fresher longer), or just toss it. Be judicious, though — while a little bit of fat can be nice, greasy broth is pretty gross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, I like to reduce the broth a little further before storing it. This step will concentrate the gelatin, collagen and any other minerals in the broth. It also, obviously, reduces the final volume of the broth, making it easier to store. But if you’re happy with how the broth tastes now, you can skip this step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bring the pot of strained broth to a rapid simmer and let it reduce for about an hour. It should reduce by about one-third in volume, leaving you with about four quarts broth. Remove the broth from the heat. If you’re going to be drinking the broth, you’ll likely want to season it now. Add salt to taste. If you’re using the broth for cooking, you may want to skip the salt for now or keep the levels low. It’s much easier, after all, to add more salt as you’re cooking than to correct for over-seasoning. Let the broth cool to room temperature after seasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing.jpg\" alt=\"Reducing the strained broth further concentrates flavor and nutritional goodies.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108106\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/reducing-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reducing the strained broth further concentrates flavor and nutritional goodies. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Depending on the speed with which you go through broth, you’ll likely want to freeze some or all of your broth. The best method, IMHO, is to divide the cooled broth between gallon-sized freezer bags and freeze the stock flat. It will take up very little freezer space this way. I typically measure one quart per bag because it’s a common measure for stock in cooking recipes. I like to freeze three quarts of broth and save one quart in a glass jar to store in the fridge for more immediate use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108105\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks.jpg\" alt=\"Freeze the broth in flattened gallon zipper lock bags to save space.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1274\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108105\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-400x265.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-768x510.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-1440x956.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-1180x783.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-ziplocks-960x637.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Freeze the broth in flattened gallon zipper lock bags to save space. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, revel in your thriftiness while sipping on a hot mug of broth. Or make some soup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_108104\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3.jpg\" alt=\"Homemade bone broth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2549\" class=\"size-full wp-image-108104\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-400x531.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-800x1062.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-768x1020.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-1440x1912.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-1180x1567.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/in-jar-3-960x1275.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Homemade bone broth. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Recipe: Homemade Bone Broth\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Makes 4 quarts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Note:\u003c/strong> I prefer to make bone broth with raw bones because the final result is slightly lighter in flavor and nicer for drinking. If, however, you’d like a more deeply flavored bone broth, you can roast the beef bones and chicken backs before beginning. Roast the bones at 400°F until deeply browned, about 1 hour. If you’d like a slightly less gelatinous broth, you can skip the final reducing step. That version of the recipe will yield about 5 ½ quarts. If you prefer beef bone broth, you can substitute 3 additional pounds of beef bones for the chicken backs. Don’t skip the chicken feet. If you prefer all-chicken bone broth, replace the beef bones with 3 additional pounds chicken backs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>1 tablespoon vegetable oil\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 onions, diced\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3 carrots, peeled and diced\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3 pounds meaty beef bones, such as knuckle bones\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3 pounds chicken backs or chicken wings\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>8 ounces chicken feet\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>6 quarts water\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Salt, to taste (optional)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>Heat the oil in a large stockpot over medium heat. When the oil is shimmering, add the onions and carrots and cook, stirring occasionally, until softened but not yet browned, 7 to 10 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add the beef bones, chicken backs, and chicken feet. Cover with the water. Increase the heat to high and bring to a rapid boil. Skim off the brown scum that forms on the surface. Reduce the heat to low, partially cover the pot with a lid, and simmer for 12 hours.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Strain the broth through a fine mesh strainer into a clean large pot. Skim off the fat from the surface of the broth. (There will be a lot.) Return the pot to medium-high heat and bring to a rapid simmer. Continue to simmer, skimming occasionally if needed, until the broth is reduced to 4 quarts, about 1 hour. Season to taste with salt if desired.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Let cool to room temperature before transferring to storage containers. I prefer to store 1 quart in a glass jar in the refrigerator (it’ll be good for a week or two) and the remainder in gallon ziplock bags, frozen flat as indicated in the story above.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/107764/diy-bone-broth-you-really-should-be-making-it-at-home","authors":["5485"],"categories":["bayareabites_2695","bayareabites_2638","bayareabites_12869","bayareabites_12"],"tags":["bayareabites_14140","bayareabites_15324"],"featImg":"bayareabites_108104","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_99587":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_99587","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"99587","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-bites-guide-to-8-places-to-buy-fresh-fish","title":"Bay Area Bites Guide to 8 Great Places to Buy Fresh Fish","publishDate":1440532388,"format":"image","headTitle":"Our Top 20 Guides From 2015 | Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on Aug. 25, 2015. It was updated on January 3, 2018.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area is surrounded by water and, at times, that can make it easy to find great local seafood. But often it's not so simple. After years of fishing with little regard for sustainable practices or the long-term health of the ocean, people have become more focused recently on eating fish that are both good for them and caught in a manner that is good for the ecosystem. The dominant standard in seafood sustainability has become the \u003ca href=\"http://www.seafoodwatch.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood Watch\u003c/a>, which outlines industry standards and good practices. But there are a number of other definitions of sustainability, and different kinds of fishing techniques -- many of which can be difficult to understand the details of unless you grew up on a boat. In addition, it's common for people to look for local fish freshly caught, though in the winter (or depending on the weather) it can be harder to find local seafood. On top of that, most of us don't want to spend a fortune either.\u003cbr>\n[contextly_sidebar id=\"Dd0CXJtvNKwCIGDncDXokptHrQCz3uSX\"]\u003cbr>\nOh, and to make things even more complicated, there's growing concern about fish being mislabeled or sold under the wrong name. And \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/07/30/do-fish-names-encourage-fishy-business/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FDA rules allow multiple species of fish to be sold under a single name\u003c/a>, which can make everything even more confusing for the consumer. It's no wonder community-supported fisheries, like \u003ca href=\"http://www.realgoodfish.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Real Good Fish\u003c/a>, where you sign up for a subscription service and simply have fresh, local fish delivered to door are becoming more popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you'd like to pick your fish yourself, there's still more than a few options. While there used to be more fishermen selling their wares directly on the docks, now there are just a few places left where you can buy straight off the boat. If you're looking for that experience, try Pillar Point Harbor down in Half Moon Bay or Moss Landing, where \u003ca href=\"http://www.philsfishmarket.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Phil's Fish Market\u003c/a> is the popular go-to. Here in the Bay Area, there are a number of fish markets, big and small. Try these eight, and let us know in the comments if we missed your favorite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"99648,99651,99650,99649\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H&H stands for Heidi and Hans, the couple that runs \u003cstrong>H&H Fresh Fish Co.\u003c/strong> out of Santa Cruz. All the fish that Hans doesn't catch himself, he buys on the dock in Santa Cruz from about 100 small-scale fishermen, who are primarily using hook and line or rod methods. That catch is then cut into fillets and sold either wholesale or at farmers markets around the Bay Area. While many of the market spots are in the South Bay or closer to Santa Cruz, H&H also sells at a half-dozen markets in San Francisco and the East Bay. You can also sign up for their CSA-style subscription service that delivers fish once or twice every week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fish is primarily local, though the buying does extend to Hawaii, Alaska, and even Baja California in the winter months — as long as H&H can verify how it's being caught, where, and when. The duo will also cater an oyster bar for events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.hhfreshfish.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>H&H Fresh Fish Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nH&H sells at farmers markets throughout the Bay Area, as well as through a weekly delivery program and a soon-to-open retail store in Santa Cruz; check \u003ca href=\"http://www.hhfreshfish.com/markets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">their market schedule\u003c/a> for complete information\u003cbr>\nPh: (831) 462-3474\u003cbr>\nHours: Check \u003ca href=\"http://www.hhfreshfish.com/markets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the market schedule\u003c/a> for all locations and times\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/hhfreshfishco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">H&H Fresh Fish Co.\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nInstagram: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/hhfreshfishco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HHFreshFishCo\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"99633,99635,99632,99634,99637,99638\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hudson Fishing Co.\u003c/strong> is run by Yvette and Mike Hudson, who do most of the fishing themselves in between Monterey and Bodega Bay. The duo specialize in Wild King Salmon, California Halibut, Albacore Tuna, and Dungeness Crabs. They also have some prawns available. Everything they catch is either using a hook and line, or traps -- not nets. It's all sold at four weekly farmers markets: two in Berkeley, one in El Cerrito, and one in Kensington. Check \u003ca href=\"http://hudsonfish.com/markets.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">their market locations page\u003c/a> for more details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"4tdaojmBKecxjDG0kepyUD1vR6bYdzRl\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They rarely sell whole fish available at the markets, because everything is cut and filleted before sold. The fish from Hudson are known for freshness and taste. And the two owners are also highly involved in salmon fishing associations and advocating for seafood environmental reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://hudsonfish.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Hudson Fish Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nHudson sells at farmers markets in Berkeley, El Cerrito, and Kensington; check \u003ca href=\"http://hudsonfish.com/markets.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">their location page\u003c/a> for directions\u003cbr>\nPh: (510) 528-8686\u003cbr>\nHours: Check \u003ca href=\"http://hudsonfish.com/markets.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the market schedule\u003c/a> for all locations and times\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"99629,99628,99622,99626,99624,99627,99621,99625,99620\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Run by Joey Pucci (J.P.), \u003cstrong>J.P. Seafood\u003c/strong> is a small operation that sits inside Dan's Produce near the main commercial stretch in Alameda. Pucci, himself, buys almost all the day's fish down at the docks in San Francisco and then slices it up and puts it on ice to sell. The store is very conscientious about quality control and making sure everything stays at just the right temperature. Because of the focus on freshness, there is rarely very much quantity in the store -- just enough for the day. That means it can be a good idea just to ask what's best in stock, though you can also call ahead to place bigger orders. It's not cheap, but it's not too expensive either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/jp-seafood-co-alameda-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>JP Seafood Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n2300 Central Ave., Alameda [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/8xuZVO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (510) 865-3474\u003cbr>\nHours: Tues-Fri, 10am-6:30pm; Sat-Sun, 9am-5:30pm\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/JP-Seafood-Co/155247561202540\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">JP Seafood Co\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"99611,99616,99612,99613,99614,99618,99615,99617,99619\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Monterey Fish Market\u003c/strong> was started in 1978 by Paul Johnson, a chef at a high-end restaurant in Berkeley. He started out buying directly from lots of small hook and line fishermen. Today, the market operates as a wholesaler out of San Francisco and as a retail store in North Berkeley — not connected to the Monterey Market grocery store down the street. Monterey Fish Market still buys directly from fishermen, some of whom even have keys to the store and leave their fresh catches in the fridges early in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"j5BlKJ2rEB8eQ9VkJNUqFP3h6mKOCoIl\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The store follows most of the Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood Watch guidelines, but has also developed its own standards. For example, Atlantic Cod is typically considered unsustainable because of how it's traditionally caught, but the fishermen Monterey Fish Market deals with are small hook and line boats out of Cape Cod. The company has extensive information about its \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereyfish.com/pages/nav/sustainability.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sustainability practices\u003c/a> and the different kinds of fishing techniques used. In fact, it designates how the fish was caught on the labels in the store — for example, Coho Salmon steaks are priced based on how they were caught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fish isn't super cheap, but it is fresh and high-quality. Among its many clients, the wholesale arm of the fish market actually sells to the Monterey Bay Aquarium's restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.montereyfish.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Monterey Fish Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n1582 Hopkins St., Berkeley [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/yLZQHA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (510) 525-5600\u003cbr>\nHours: Tues-Sat, 10am-6pm\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Monterey-Fish-Market-Inc/367040686685296?fref=ts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monterey Fish Market, Inc.\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nTwitter: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Montereyfishmkt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@MontereyFishMkt\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nInstagram: \u003ca href=\"https://instagram.com/montereyfishmarket/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MontereyFishMarket\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"99588,99589,99590,99592,99591,99593,99594,99595\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 1963, \u003cstrong>The Tokyo Fish Market\u003c/strong> in Berkeley has been serving up Asian grocery items with a focus on fresh fish. In 2005, the store expanded to its current 5,000-square-foot building, with the original shop becoming a gift store. The emphasis is still on the fish, though, which comes from around the world through about ten different distributors. Fish manager, Lee Nakamura, said that he depends on the fishermen, whom he knows, to tell him where the fish is coming from, how it's being caught, and if it's good quality. While he doesn't strictly follow Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood Watch standards — for example, he has no problem with farmed fish as long as it's done well — he does try to ensure that the fish is sustainable and fresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with all the standard fish varieties, the market also has some slightly more exotic seafood and a wide range of shellfish, and the fish is all reasonably priced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.tokyofish.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Tokyo Fish Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n1220 San Pablo Ave., Berkeley [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/KxK9pk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (510) 524-7243\u003cbr>\nHours: Mon-Sat, 9am-6pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" size=\"full\" link=\"none\" ids=\"99598,99599,99600,99602,99601,99603,99604,99605,99606,99607,99608\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of small, family-run fish markets throughout San Francisco. What separates \u003cstrong>Sun Fat Seafood\u003c/strong> is its variety of cheap, fresh seafood. Nondescript on the outside, Sun Fat's has all kinds of seafood on the inside. It's best known for its affordable oysters, clams, and scallops. The knowledgeable staff will cut the heads off the whole fish and de-scale them for you, or you can buy already prepared fillets. Despite the small size of the store, the variety is endless. You can even buy frog legs or baby octopus. If you want hand-picked, locally-sourced, all-sustainable seafood, then this isn't necessarily the place for you. But it is as fresh as fish comes and isn't going to break the bank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.yelp.com/biz/sun-fat-seafood-company-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Sun Fat Seafood Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n2687 Mission St., San Francisco [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/L9bYcC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (415) 282-9339\u003cbr>\nHours: Mon-Sat, 9am-6pm; Sun, 9am-5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"99652,99653,99654,99657,99656,99658,99655,99659\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right in the heart of Fisherman's Wharf, it's easy to dismiss \u003cstrong>Alioto-Lazio Fish Company\u003c/strong> as a tourist trap. But it's a long-standing fishseller, and one of the last local family-owned fish markets in the area. While they're best known for their live crabs — which you can pick out of the tank (just as long as you don't stick your hand in the water) — they also sell local seafood, shrimp, scallops, and lobster tails. You can either come into the store — if you can find parking — or have it shipped overnight to your house. The prices aren't terrible, and they also sell a variety of knick-knacks, condiments, and odds-and-ends. And try one of their famous crab shots for $1.50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://crabonline.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Alioto-Lazio Fish Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n440 Jefferson St., San Francisco [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/IeX14d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (415) 673-5868\u003cbr>\nHours: Mon-Fri, 6am-2pm, Sat, 7am-noon\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/AliotoLazioFishCo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alioto Lazio Fish Co\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nTwitter: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/aliotolaziofish\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@AliotoLazioFish\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"99665,99664,99663,99661,99662\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fisherman's Wharf, obviously, originally got its name from the fishermen who sold their wares on the piers. There aren't as many sellers left, but on Pier 45 there are a number of wholesale seafood distributors and \u003cstrong>ABS Seafood\u003c/strong> is one of the best among them. In fact, ABS is so prolific that it even sells to one of the other spots on our list, the Tokyo Fish Market. While it is primarily a wholesaler and distributor, with no retail location, you can still call in orders directly and pick them up from the warehouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"rt651K0Lihj5UifRiWymdP40wLXaWPpC\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because it's such a large distributor, ABS carries nearly every kind of seafood or fish you could possibly want. Though it's not all local or wild, ABS did start taking steps a few years ago to eliminate some of the fish known for being unsustainable from its inventory. If you need seafood in bulk, just call ABS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.absseafood.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>ABS Seafood\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n45 Pier Shed D-1, San Francisco [\u003ca href=\"http://goo.gl/06N3lc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (415) 401-0258\u003cbr>\nHours: Mon-Fri, 6am-noon\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/ABSseafood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ABS Seafood\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Bay Area is surrounded by water, making it a great place to find fresh local fish. Try these spots.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1546553321,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":true,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":38,"wordCount":2003},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Bites Guide to 8 Great Places to Buy Fresh Fish | KQED","description":"The Bay Area is surrounded by water, making it a great place to find fresh local fish. Try these spots.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bay Area Bites Guide to 8 Great Places to Buy Fresh Fish","datePublished":"2015-08-25T19:53:08.000Z","dateModified":"2019-01-03T22:08:41.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"99587 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=99587","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/08/25/bay-area-bites-guide-to-8-places-to-buy-fresh-fish/","disqusTitle":"Bay Area Bites Guide to 8 Great Places to Buy Fresh Fish","source":"Guide","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/category/guides-2/","path":"/bayareabites/99587/bay-area-bites-guide-to-8-places-to-buy-fresh-fish","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on Aug. 25, 2015. It was updated on January 3, 2018.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area is surrounded by water and, at times, that can make it easy to find great local seafood. But often it's not so simple. After years of fishing with little regard for sustainable practices or the long-term health of the ocean, people have become more focused recently on eating fish that are both good for them and caught in a manner that is good for the ecosystem. The dominant standard in seafood sustainability has become the \u003ca href=\"http://www.seafoodwatch.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood Watch\u003c/a>, which outlines industry standards and good practices. But there are a number of other definitions of sustainability, and different kinds of fishing techniques -- many of which can be difficult to understand the details of unless you grew up on a boat. In addition, it's common for people to look for local fish freshly caught, though in the winter (or depending on the weather) it can be harder to find local seafood. On top of that, most of us don't want to spend a fortune either.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nOh, and to make things even more complicated, there's growing concern about fish being mislabeled or sold under the wrong name. And \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/07/30/do-fish-names-encourage-fishy-business/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FDA rules allow multiple species of fish to be sold under a single name\u003c/a>, which can make everything even more confusing for the consumer. It's no wonder community-supported fisheries, like \u003ca href=\"http://www.realgoodfish.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Real Good Fish\u003c/a>, where you sign up for a subscription service and simply have fresh, local fish delivered to door are becoming more popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you'd like to pick your fish yourself, there's still more than a few options. While there used to be more fishermen selling their wares directly on the docks, now there are just a few places left where you can buy straight off the boat. If you're looking for that experience, try Pillar Point Harbor down in Half Moon Bay or Moss Landing, where \u003ca href=\"http://www.philsfishmarket.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Phil's Fish Market\u003c/a> is the popular go-to. Here in the Bay Area, there are a number of fish markets, big and small. Try these eight, and let us know in the comments if we missed your favorite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"99648,99651,99650,99649","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H&H stands for Heidi and Hans, the couple that runs \u003cstrong>H&H Fresh Fish Co.\u003c/strong> out of Santa Cruz. All the fish that Hans doesn't catch himself, he buys on the dock in Santa Cruz from about 100 small-scale fishermen, who are primarily using hook and line or rod methods. That catch is then cut into fillets and sold either wholesale or at farmers markets around the Bay Area. While many of the market spots are in the South Bay or closer to Santa Cruz, H&H also sells at a half-dozen markets in San Francisco and the East Bay. You can also sign up for their CSA-style subscription service that delivers fish once or twice every week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fish is primarily local, though the buying does extend to Hawaii, Alaska, and even Baja California in the winter months — as long as H&H can verify how it's being caught, where, and when. The duo will also cater an oyster bar for events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.hhfreshfish.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>H&H Fresh Fish Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nH&H sells at farmers markets throughout the Bay Area, as well as through a weekly delivery program and a soon-to-open retail store in Santa Cruz; check \u003ca href=\"http://www.hhfreshfish.com/markets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">their market schedule\u003c/a> for complete information\u003cbr>\nPh: (831) 462-3474\u003cbr>\nHours: Check \u003ca href=\"http://www.hhfreshfish.com/markets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the market schedule\u003c/a> for all locations and times\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/hhfreshfishco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">H&H Fresh Fish Co.\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nInstagram: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/hhfreshfishco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HHFreshFishCo\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"99633,99635,99632,99634,99637,99638","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hudson Fishing Co.\u003c/strong> is run by Yvette and Mike Hudson, who do most of the fishing themselves in between Monterey and Bodega Bay. The duo specialize in Wild King Salmon, California Halibut, Albacore Tuna, and Dungeness Crabs. They also have some prawns available. Everything they catch is either using a hook and line, or traps -- not nets. It's all sold at four weekly farmers markets: two in Berkeley, one in El Cerrito, and one in Kensington. Check \u003ca href=\"http://hudsonfish.com/markets.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">their market locations page\u003c/a> for more details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They rarely sell whole fish available at the markets, because everything is cut and filleted before sold. The fish from Hudson are known for freshness and taste. And the two owners are also highly involved in salmon fishing associations and advocating for seafood environmental reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://hudsonfish.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Hudson Fish Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nHudson sells at farmers markets in Berkeley, El Cerrito, and Kensington; check \u003ca href=\"http://hudsonfish.com/markets.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">their location page\u003c/a> for directions\u003cbr>\nPh: (510) 528-8686\u003cbr>\nHours: Check \u003ca href=\"http://hudsonfish.com/markets.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the market schedule\u003c/a> for all locations and times\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"99629,99628,99622,99626,99624,99627,99621,99625,99620","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Run by Joey Pucci (J.P.), \u003cstrong>J.P. Seafood\u003c/strong> is a small operation that sits inside Dan's Produce near the main commercial stretch in Alameda. Pucci, himself, buys almost all the day's fish down at the docks in San Francisco and then slices it up and puts it on ice to sell. The store is very conscientious about quality control and making sure everything stays at just the right temperature. Because of the focus on freshness, there is rarely very much quantity in the store -- just enough for the day. That means it can be a good idea just to ask what's best in stock, though you can also call ahead to place bigger orders. It's not cheap, but it's not too expensive either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/jp-seafood-co-alameda-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>JP Seafood Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n2300 Central Ave., Alameda [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/8xuZVO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (510) 865-3474\u003cbr>\nHours: Tues-Fri, 10am-6:30pm; Sat-Sun, 9am-5:30pm\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/JP-Seafood-Co/155247561202540\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">JP Seafood Co\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"99611,99616,99612,99613,99614,99618,99615,99617,99619","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Monterey Fish Market\u003c/strong> was started in 1978 by Paul Johnson, a chef at a high-end restaurant in Berkeley. He started out buying directly from lots of small hook and line fishermen. Today, the market operates as a wholesaler out of San Francisco and as a retail store in North Berkeley — not connected to the Monterey Market grocery store down the street. Monterey Fish Market still buys directly from fishermen, some of whom even have keys to the store and leave their fresh catches in the fridges early in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The store follows most of the Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood Watch guidelines, but has also developed its own standards. For example, Atlantic Cod is typically considered unsustainable because of how it's traditionally caught, but the fishermen Monterey Fish Market deals with are small hook and line boats out of Cape Cod. The company has extensive information about its \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereyfish.com/pages/nav/sustainability.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sustainability practices\u003c/a> and the different kinds of fishing techniques used. In fact, it designates how the fish was caught on the labels in the store — for example, Coho Salmon steaks are priced based on how they were caught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fish isn't super cheap, but it is fresh and high-quality. Among its many clients, the wholesale arm of the fish market actually sells to the Monterey Bay Aquarium's restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.montereyfish.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Monterey Fish Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n1582 Hopkins St., Berkeley [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/yLZQHA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (510) 525-5600\u003cbr>\nHours: Tues-Sat, 10am-6pm\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Monterey-Fish-Market-Inc/367040686685296?fref=ts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monterey Fish Market, Inc.\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nTwitter: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Montereyfishmkt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@MontereyFishMkt\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nInstagram: \u003ca href=\"https://instagram.com/montereyfishmarket/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MontereyFishMarket\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"99588,99589,99590,99592,99591,99593,99594,99595","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 1963, \u003cstrong>The Tokyo Fish Market\u003c/strong> in Berkeley has been serving up Asian grocery items with a focus on fresh fish. In 2005, the store expanded to its current 5,000-square-foot building, with the original shop becoming a gift store. The emphasis is still on the fish, though, which comes from around the world through about ten different distributors. Fish manager, Lee Nakamura, said that he depends on the fishermen, whom he knows, to tell him where the fish is coming from, how it's being caught, and if it's good quality. While he doesn't strictly follow Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood Watch standards — for example, he has no problem with farmed fish as long as it's done well — he does try to ensure that the fish is sustainable and fresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with all the standard fish varieties, the market also has some slightly more exotic seafood and a wide range of shellfish, and the fish is all reasonably priced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.tokyofish.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Tokyo Fish Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n1220 San Pablo Ave., Berkeley [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/KxK9pk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (510) 524-7243\u003cbr>\nHours: Mon-Sat, 9am-6pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","size":"full","link":"none","ids":"99598,99599,99600,99602,99601,99603,99604,99605,99606,99607,99608","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of small, family-run fish markets throughout San Francisco. What separates \u003cstrong>Sun Fat Seafood\u003c/strong> is its variety of cheap, fresh seafood. Nondescript on the outside, Sun Fat's has all kinds of seafood on the inside. It's best known for its affordable oysters, clams, and scallops. The knowledgeable staff will cut the heads off the whole fish and de-scale them for you, or you can buy already prepared fillets. Despite the small size of the store, the variety is endless. You can even buy frog legs or baby octopus. If you want hand-picked, locally-sourced, all-sustainable seafood, then this isn't necessarily the place for you. But it is as fresh as fish comes and isn't going to break the bank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.yelp.com/biz/sun-fat-seafood-company-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Sun Fat Seafood Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n2687 Mission St., San Francisco [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/L9bYcC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (415) 282-9339\u003cbr>\nHours: Mon-Sat, 9am-6pm; Sun, 9am-5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"99652,99653,99654,99657,99656,99658,99655,99659","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right in the heart of Fisherman's Wharf, it's easy to dismiss \u003cstrong>Alioto-Lazio Fish Company\u003c/strong> as a tourist trap. But it's a long-standing fishseller, and one of the last local family-owned fish markets in the area. While they're best known for their live crabs — which you can pick out of the tank (just as long as you don't stick your hand in the water) — they also sell local seafood, shrimp, scallops, and lobster tails. You can either come into the store — if you can find parking — or have it shipped overnight to your house. The prices aren't terrible, and they also sell a variety of knick-knacks, condiments, and odds-and-ends. And try one of their famous crab shots for $1.50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://crabonline.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>Alioto-Lazio Fish Co.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n440 Jefferson St., San Francisco [\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/IeX14d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (415) 673-5868\u003cbr>\nHours: Mon-Fri, 6am-2pm, Sat, 7am-noon\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/AliotoLazioFishCo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alioto Lazio Fish Co\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nTwitter: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/aliotolaziofish\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@AliotoLazioFish\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"99665,99664,99663,99661,99662","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fisherman's Wharf, obviously, originally got its name from the fishermen who sold their wares on the piers. There aren't as many sellers left, but on Pier 45 there are a number of wholesale seafood distributors and \u003cstrong>ABS Seafood\u003c/strong> is one of the best among them. In fact, ABS is so prolific that it even sells to one of the other spots on our list, the Tokyo Fish Market. While it is primarily a wholesaler and distributor, with no retail location, you can still call in orders directly and pick them up from the warehouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because it's such a large distributor, ABS carries nearly every kind of seafood or fish you could possibly want. Though it's not all local or wild, ABS did start taking steps a few years ago to eliminate some of the fish known for being unsustainable from its inventory. If you need seafood in bulk, just call ABS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.absseafood.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>ABS Seafood\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n45 Pier Shed D-1, San Francisco [\u003ca href=\"http://goo.gl/06N3lc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\nPh: (415) 401-0258\u003cbr>\nHours: Mon-Fri, 6am-noon\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/ABSseafood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ABS Seafood\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/99587/bay-area-bites-guide-to-8-places-to-buy-fresh-fish","authors":["1459"],"series":["bayareabites_15150"],"categories":["bayareabites_109","bayareabites_264","bayareabites_8770","bayareabites_13746","bayareabites_1875","bayareabites_90","bayareabites_358","bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_14727","bayareabites_376","bayareabites_12212","bayareabites_14725","bayareabites_8985","bayareabites_323"],"featImg":"bayareabites_99635","label":"source_bayareabites_99587"},"bayareabites_11956":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_11956","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"11956","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"fromage-de-chat","title":"Fromage de Chat (aka Cat Milk Cheese)","publishDate":1270131420,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/04/catmilk-cheese31.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/04/catmilk-cheese31.jpg\" alt=\"Fromage de Chat\" width=\"500\" height=\"335\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fromage de Chat \u003ccite>(Wendy Goodfriend)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week I was introduced to something I didn't even know existed: cat cheese. Known to cheese mongers as \u003cem>Fromage de Chat\u003c/em> (or often just chat fromage), this cheese has become the new \"it\" food in the culinary world. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is cat cheese? As you may suspect, it's simply cheese made from the milk of a feline. According to \u003ca href=\"http://cheesemonger.wordpress.com/2009/07/19/cat-milk-cheese/\">Cheesemonger's Weblog\u003c/a>, it's quite popular in Eastern Europe, which makes sense as the Siberian cat has particularly rich milk and there's really not a lot to eat in that part of the world. But cat cheese has been a staple in many cultures since the pharaohs began demanding it at their dinner tables thousands of years ago to honor \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafdet\">Mafdet\u003c/a>, the lion goddess. According to historical records, cats were first tamed by Egyptians to help control their diets and thus shape the milk's taste. Although some people seemed to enjoy the natural flavors of wild cat's milk, the pharaohs wanted their cheese to taste more like river fish than mongoose and rats, and so the domesticated cat was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cat cheese is currently made mostly in small urban farms. Each city seems to have its own purveyor. In the Bay Area, Freyja Jones, a 70-year old woman who lives in Montclair, is the resident cat dairy woman. Living in an old hunting cabin near a local swimming and tennis club, Freyja has over 200 cats on her property. And while that may seem like a lot of animals to put in a 1500 square foot house, Freyja's operation is a smooth running machine and she says she wouldn't mind having \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Millions-Cats-Paperstar-Wanda-Gag/dp/0698113632\">millions of cats\u003c/a>. At the moment, there are Siamese in the master bedroom, Angoras in the den, calicos in the living room, and then mixed breeds everywhere else. For a while, Freyja toyed with using hairless cats, but found their milk to be a bit anemic and so offered them up for adoption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During my visit, I was honored to be included in the milking process. Freyja and her 40-year old daughter Dinah milk each cat by hand. For a while they used an invention by Dinah called \u003cem>The Pussy Milker\u003c/em>, but decided it was more difficult to place the cats in a harness than it was to actually milk them in their laps, so gave up on it. While I looked on as Freya and Dinah laid cats on their laps for milking, Freyja looked up at me and yelled above the din of meowing \"Don't forget to wear your gloves!\" as a large Angora batted a paw full of sharp claws at her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After trying a few varieties, I've found that cat cheese has many unique flavors. Siamese milk has an underlying sardine taste, which makes it perfect for using as the base in hard cheeses, while Angora milk has a more musky flavor best used for ash-covered cheeses. The standard house cat, however, produces the creamiest milk of all, which is then used to make a tangy mozzarella de gatto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freyja mentioned that while she specializes is small domestic cats, there is also a growing movement to collect milk from large wild cats. Apparently the milk of both mountain lions and panthers is so rich and creamy that cheese mongers and yogurt makers alike will pay a very high price for it. But don't worry, those big cats aren't harmed in any way by this growing industry. Shot with tranquilizer pellets, the hunters simply milk the cats while they sleep and then carry off the milk before the cats awake in a type of milk and dash operation. From what I hear, mountain lion milk fetches up to $1,000 a gallon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Fromage de Chat\u003c/em> has also become quite popular in celebrity circles. Because most cat dairies use abandoned cats (thereby saving them from being killed in shelters), cat cheese has become the new celebrity food craze. According to a reliable source, it's the only cheese \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Barker\">Bob Barker\u003c/a> will eat and \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamela_Anderson\">Pamela Anderson\u003c/a> has even invested in a cat dairy in Calabasas Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the next time you're browsing the cheese section of your local cheese shop, keep an eye out for \u003cem>Fromage de Chat\u003c/em>. You'll find yourself purring at the taste.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Last week I was introduced to something I didn't even know existed: cat cheese. Known to cheese mongers as \u003cem>Fromage de Chat\u003c/em> (or often just chat fromage), this cheese has become the new \"it\" food in the culinary world. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1427824579,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":731},"headData":{"title":"Fromage de Chat (aka Cat Milk Cheese) | KQED","description":"Last week I was introduced to something I didn't even know existed: cat cheese. Known to cheese mongers as Fromage de Chat (or often just chat fromage), this cheese has become the new "it" food in the culinary world. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Fromage de Chat (aka Cat Milk Cheese)","datePublished":"2010-04-01T14:17:00.000Z","dateModified":"2015-03-31T17:56:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"11956 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=11956","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2010/04/01/fromage-de-chat/","disqusTitle":"Fromage de Chat (aka Cat Milk Cheese)","path":"/bayareabites/11956/fromage-de-chat","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/04/catmilk-cheese31.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/04/catmilk-cheese31.jpg\" alt=\"Fromage de Chat\" width=\"500\" height=\"335\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fromage de Chat \u003ccite>(Wendy Goodfriend)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week I was introduced to something I didn't even know existed: cat cheese. Known to cheese mongers as \u003cem>Fromage de Chat\u003c/em> (or often just chat fromage), this cheese has become the new \"it\" food in the culinary world. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is cat cheese? As you may suspect, it's simply cheese made from the milk of a feline. According to \u003ca href=\"http://cheesemonger.wordpress.com/2009/07/19/cat-milk-cheese/\">Cheesemonger's Weblog\u003c/a>, it's quite popular in Eastern Europe, which makes sense as the Siberian cat has particularly rich milk and there's really not a lot to eat in that part of the world. But cat cheese has been a staple in many cultures since the pharaohs began demanding it at their dinner tables thousands of years ago to honor \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafdet\">Mafdet\u003c/a>, the lion goddess. According to historical records, cats were first tamed by Egyptians to help control their diets and thus shape the milk's taste. Although some people seemed to enjoy the natural flavors of wild cat's milk, the pharaohs wanted their cheese to taste more like river fish than mongoose and rats, and so the domesticated cat was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cat cheese is currently made mostly in small urban farms. Each city seems to have its own purveyor. In the Bay Area, Freyja Jones, a 70-year old woman who lives in Montclair, is the resident cat dairy woman. Living in an old hunting cabin near a local swimming and tennis club, Freyja has over 200 cats on her property. And while that may seem like a lot of animals to put in a 1500 square foot house, Freyja's operation is a smooth running machine and she says she wouldn't mind having \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Millions-Cats-Paperstar-Wanda-Gag/dp/0698113632\">millions of cats\u003c/a>. At the moment, there are Siamese in the master bedroom, Angoras in the den, calicos in the living room, and then mixed breeds everywhere else. For a while, Freyja toyed with using hairless cats, but found their milk to be a bit anemic and so offered them up for adoption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During my visit, I was honored to be included in the milking process. Freyja and her 40-year old daughter Dinah milk each cat by hand. For a while they used an invention by Dinah called \u003cem>The Pussy Milker\u003c/em>, but decided it was more difficult to place the cats in a harness than it was to actually milk them in their laps, so gave up on it. While I looked on as Freya and Dinah laid cats on their laps for milking, Freyja looked up at me and yelled above the din of meowing \"Don't forget to wear your gloves!\" as a large Angora batted a paw full of sharp claws at her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After trying a few varieties, I've found that cat cheese has many unique flavors. Siamese milk has an underlying sardine taste, which makes it perfect for using as the base in hard cheeses, while Angora milk has a more musky flavor best used for ash-covered cheeses. The standard house cat, however, produces the creamiest milk of all, which is then used to make a tangy mozzarella de gatto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freyja mentioned that while she specializes is small domestic cats, there is also a growing movement to collect milk from large wild cats. Apparently the milk of both mountain lions and panthers is so rich and creamy that cheese mongers and yogurt makers alike will pay a very high price for it. But don't worry, those big cats aren't harmed in any way by this growing industry. Shot with tranquilizer pellets, the hunters simply milk the cats while they sleep and then carry off the milk before the cats awake in a type of milk and dash operation. From what I hear, mountain lion milk fetches up to $1,000 a gallon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Fromage de Chat\u003c/em> has also become quite popular in celebrity circles. Because most cat dairies use abandoned cats (thereby saving them from being killed in shelters), cat cheese has become the new celebrity food craze. According to a reliable source, it's the only cheese \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Barker\">Bob Barker\u003c/a> will eat and \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamela_Anderson\">Pamela Anderson\u003c/a> has even invested in a cat dairy in Calabasas Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the next time you're browsing the cheese section of your local cheese shop, keep an eye out for \u003cem>Fromage de Chat\u003c/em>. You'll find yourself purring at the taste.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/11956/fromage-de-chat","authors":["5016"],"categories":["bayareabites_334","bayareabites_1875"],"tags":["bayareabites_3693","bayareabites_3677","bayareabites_10156","bayareabites_3678","bayareabites_14750","bayareabites_1621"],"featImg":"bayareabites_12033","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_82723":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_82723","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"82723","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"josey-baker-bread-baking-for-bros-with-gluten-free-adventure-bread-recipe","title":"Josey Baker Bread: Baking for Bros, with Gluten-Free Adventure Bread Recipe","publishDate":1401914981,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread-book-700.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread-book-700.jpg\" alt=\"Josey Baker Bread\" width=\"700\" height=\"881\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-82825\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dude! You know what's totally cool? Baking bread. No, for real, man, it's awesome, and you can't, like, mess it up. Sure, you'll need to be around the house for a couple of days to tend it, and you should probably make a sourdough starter first, and yes, you'll probably need to go to Rainbow for rice and spelt and kamut flours, and maybe to Williams-Sonoma for a \u003ca href=\"http://www.williams-sonoma.com/products/round-banneton-bread-basket/\">banneton\u003c/a>. And if you get really into it, start grinding that flour yourself so it's super fresh, and yeah, you should try to get local grains too because supporting your local farmers is rad. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If local baker Chad Robertson's \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0811870413/kqedorg-20\">Tartine Bread\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1452114307/kqedorg-20\">Tartine Book No. 3\u003c/a> are for dedicated, spreadsheeting bread geeks, \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1452113688/kqedorg-20\">Josey Baker Bread\u003c/a>, recently published by Chronicle Books, is bread for bros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82827\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread-Josey700.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread-Josey700.jpg\" alt=\"Josey Baker with bread. Photo: Erin Kunkel\" width=\"700\" height=\"1050\" class=\"size-full wp-image-82827\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Josey Baker with bread. Photo: Erin Kunkel\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://joseybakerbread.wordpress.com/\">Josey Baker\u003c/a>, who currently bakes at \u003ca href=\"http://themillsf.com/\">The Mill\u003c/a> in San Francisco and is the man responsible for their famous/infamous \u003ca href=\"http://www.ediblesanfrancisco.com/4-dollar-toast/\">$4 toast\u003c/a>--is a passionate self-taught baker, who learned first from books and YouTube videos, then by showing up and baking elbow to elbow with other dedicated solo operators like Dave Miller of \u003ca href=\"http://www.millersbakehouse.com\">Miller's Bakehouse\u003c/a> in Chico. In his book, he assumes his readers are novice bakers, too, excited but clueless, and so his recipes are laid out like lessons, starting with a (mostly) simple, yeast-based pan loaf and building, stage by stage, to hand-shaped sourdough hearth loaves. Once the reader has mastered the basic sourdough loaf, Baker uses similar techniques and ratios to teach flavored breads, pizzas, and whole-grain, rye, kamut, and spelt loaves. He also shares the recipes for his popular fiber-crammed and gluten-free \"Adventure Loaf\" (recipe below), cornbread, chocolate-chip cookies, fruit crumble, and a roommate's long-soaked \"overnight oats\" porridge. Time (lots of it) and soaking (for seeds, nuts, dried fruits and grains) are the backbones of Baker's baking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much like the sourdough starter he espouses, a little of Baker's dude-ish enthusiasm can go a long way, depending on your age, attitude and how much time you're spending getting ready for Burning Man this summer. Spend a few minutes scrolling though Baker's blog, though, and it's clear that the voice and tone of the book is sincerely his. Baker is a surfin', bakin', lovin' dude through and through, down to the naked jumping-in-a-river back view that he's proudly posted on his blog's home page. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes it's funny.\"Who doesn't like cinnamon raisin toast?\" he writes in the headnote for Cinnamon Raisin Bread. \"Jerks, that's who.\" Sometimes it's just a little much, as when he coos, half-ironically, \"But I really love me a hearth loaf. (That just sounds so sexy, doesn't it? Say it out loud: \u003cem>hearth loaf\u003c/em>. So liberated, so rustic, so pure).\" And repeating the same Food Network-style catchphrases in every recipe--\"Let the magic happen\" for rising, \"That's a very good question!\" underlined in red for every trouble-shooting query--gets old fast. There's also some needless padding, like a layout that starts every recipe with \"Gather your foodstuffs and tools,\" and the long, unmeasured list of required \"foodstuffs\" that's listed up front and adds an extra page to every recipe. (The ingredients, in their precise measurements, are repeated in easy-to-read tables within the recipes themselves.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how are the breads? Anyone with a bag of flour and a packet of yeast can turn out a comforting, toastable loaf of sandwich bread. (Enter the bread machine.) But making really good bread takes both technique and time. Turning out bread with both a crunchy, crackly crust and a moist, air-hole-riddled interior--the sort of bread we're lucky enough to take for granted here in the Bay Area, home of so many fabulous artisan bakeries--takes a lot more attention and a more refined skill set. There's no getting around those facts, no matter how much Baker insists that his bread recipes are easily adjustable. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each stage takes only a very small amount of hands-on time, it's true, but you do have to have the leisure, luxury, or flexibility to be around for these multiple stages, even if you're only spending a few minutes each time. Let's break it down: First there's the sourdough making, a 2-week building process. Then the pre-ferment (12 hours), the mixing and dough hydration (1 hour), the kneading and resting (4 times, spread out over 2 hours in 30-min intervals), the 2 or 3 hour bulk rise (2 to 3 hours), the pre-shape and resting (15 minutes), the final shaping and rising (3 to 4 hours), the baking (45 minutes) and the cooling (2 to 3 hours). This is bread baking for those with 24 hours to dedicate to making bread. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By no means is this a criticism of Baker's technique; dough is a living thing and making bread requires natural chemical processes that don't benefit from being rushed. Bread risen fast can taste harshly of the commercial yeast it's made from, while slow-risen, naturally leavened breads share the mellow flavor of their grains. But it can take some close reading to realize just how slow a process making these breads can be. Baker, in his enthusiasm, doesn't really lay out the timing beforehand, although he does scale each recipe's ingredients for 1, 2 and 4 loaves in a handy chart. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those who think of Baker as simply the \"hipster toast guy,\" this book should be a cautionary tale for anyone hoping to start a small perishable food business, especially those used to the regular comfort of tech-sized paychecks. At least in writing, Baker takes a wide-eyed, aw-shucks attitude towards his current success, acting stunned each time his loaves find a new level of popularity, from neighbors offering to pay for the \"free bread\" he'd been passing around, to strangers signing up for his \"Community Supported Bread\" program after Daily Candy wrote a story about it, to the local businesses, including \u003ca href=\"http://www.missionpie.com\">Mission Pie\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.pizzaiolooakland.com/\">Pizzaiolo\u003c/a>, who helped him grow his itinerant bakery by providing commercial baking space. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also took building a helping-hands community of friends and colleagues willing to share their time, space, expertise, and, in the case of Pizzaiolo owner Charlie Hallowell, even a couch, where Baker would crash during the wee hours while his dough rose in the restaurant nearby. Baker never complains--in fact, he's thrilled that doing what he loves has actually become a business--but he also doesn't play down the immense amounts of sheer physical work it took for him as a one-man operation to learn and make quality bread for sale, day in and day out, including huge amounts of driving, hauling, and up-and-down-the-stairs moving of bag after bag of flours, seeds, starters, equipment and more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In describing how he came up with the small single-size loaves he calls \"pocketbreads\" (not pitas, but small, round sourdough loaves baked in muffin pans), he explains how he was losing sales to people who \"weren't looking for the commitment of an entire loaf.\" At that point, baking in a spare corner of the kitchen at Mission Pie, the bread was so labor-intensive that he needed to sell every bit he made. As he writes, \"So I started taking 10 or 15 pounds of my bread dough, tossing stuff in, shaping it into tiny loaves, and seeing how people liked them. Pocketbreads were a big deal for my budding bread business. Some days I sold 75 of those little suckers, at $2 a pop. That was big for me at the time, scraping by as I was. It meant another couple hundred bucks a week, and it meant I could keep diving deeper into bread.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Kunkel's photographs are beautifully appetite-whetting, and work hard to make bread sexy (mmmm, drip that honey...). Gorgeous as they are, though, they often leave holes when it comes to illustrating the recipes step by step. Certain key steps, like the stretch-and-fold techniques used for kneading and shaping, are described but not photographed, which could be a drawback for those who haven't seen these less familiar techniques demonstrated in person. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, Baker's chattiness and his need to anxiously reassure his readers that, really, anybody can do this and bread-baking isn't as hard as you think can get in the way of necessary detail. The Sesame Bread recipe starts with a whole-wheat pre-ferment of whole wheat flour, water, and a small amount of yeast. This rough, batter-like dough rises for 12 hours, and then the reader is instructed to simply mix in the next ingredients--bread flour, sesame seeds, water, salt. But what I got was a white dough ribboned like marble cake with brown whole-wheat pre-ferment, a unhomogenized mixture that needs serious beating to blend. Based on experience with other bread books, I realized it would have made much more sense to break the pre-ferment down in water like a batter, then expand it bit by bit with white flour to make a smooth dough. The explanations for stretching and turning the dough--a gentler version of kneading that works better for the slack, slow-risen doughs used here--could also use more clarification. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Baker does his best to get novice bakers excited about the prospect of turning out serious bread. There are useful tips, like the need for pre-soaking seeds before adding (otherwise, they'll suck up excess moisture in the dough, resulting in a dry loaf), and the ways that rye, spelt and kamut flours act differently from wheat. (I also plan to adopt his DIY baker's blade--a sharpened popsicle stick slid through the holes of a double-edged razor blade--as soon as possible, since a regular knife blade invariably sticks and tears with every attempt to slash through the top of a jiggly risen pillow of dough.) If you can handle the tone, Baker offers a lot of useful information here, without getting either as precise or technical as Robertson. While Robertson seems dubious that anyone but a fellow obsessive can master his meticulous and beautiful breads, Baker can't wait to share the joy he finds in all things bread-related. He's convinced that anyone--that means you, baker!--can make a sexy loaf, given a handful of techniques and a bread-dedicated 24 hours or so. Go ye forth, dude, and bake. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.penroseoakland.com/\">Penrose Restaurant\u003c/a> will be featuring a special menu and booksigning for Josey Baker Bread on June 6, 5:30-10:30pm.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82824\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread_Adventure-Bread700.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread_Adventure-Bread700.jpg\" alt=\"Josey Baker Adventure Bread. Photo: Erin Kunkel\" width=\"700\" height=\"1050\" class=\"size-full wp-image-82824\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Josey Baker Adventure Bread. Photo: Erin Kunkel\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Adventure Bread\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Adapted from \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1452113688/kqedorg-20\">Josey Baker Bread\u003c/a> by Josey Baker (Chronicle Books, 2014).\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes you need a bread that is so dense, so hearty, so jam-packed full of seeds and grains (and devoid of air) that it will sustain you on your mightiest of adventures. That’s what this bread is for. But that’s not all it is for . . . it’s also gluten-free! That will either entice you or turn you off, but either way I really hope that you give it a shot because it is incredible, and it is suuuper healthy. It’s unlike any other bread in this book, in that there isn’t even any flour in it, and it isn’t fermented—it’s basically just a bunch of seeds held together with a little bit of psyllium seed husk and chia seeds. I started making it in the bakery because we kept having folks come in and ask us for gluten-free bread, and I got tired of saying no. Up until we made this bread, I had mostly been turned off by gluten-free breads, because it seemed like they were all just trying to imitate wheat breads, and failing miserably. But this bread stands on its own—it is gluten-free and proud of it. Special thanks goes out to Sarah Britton, blogger at My New Roots; her recipe inspired this bread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>2 1/4 cups (235 gms) rolled oats\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup (160 gms) sunflower seeds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 cup pumpkin seeds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3/4 cup almonds, toasted and coarsely chopped\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3/4 cup flax seeds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/3 cup (25 gm) psyllium seed husk\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3 tbsp chia seeds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 tsp (12 gm) finely ground sea salt\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 tbsp maple syrup\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 cup olive oil\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 1/2 (600 gm) cups water\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>Toast the seeds. Preheat your oven to 350°F/180°C. Spread the sunflower and pumpkin seeds on a baking sheet and toast until they start to brown, about 15 minutes, stirring halfway between baking.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Measure ingredients. Dump dry stuff into a big bowl. Then pour in all the wet stuff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Mix it all up, scoop into pan. Oil a loaf pan (about 8\" x 4\", or 20cm x 10cm), and then mush up your “dough” real good with your strong hands or a big spoon. Take pride in your mush-job, this is all of the handling you’re going to do with this “dough.” Once it’s mixed real good, scoop it into your oiled pan and smooth out the top so it looks nice. Then stick that guy in the fridge and leave it alone for at least a few hours, up to a whole day.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bake it. Put a rack in the middle of the oven and preheat to 400°F/200°C. Bake for about an hour or so, then take it out and gently remove the loaf from the pan. Let it cool on a cooling rack for at least 2 hours (YES, two whole hours). Don’t rush it here folks, this bread is D*E*N*S*E, and if you don’t wait for it to cool, it really won’t be as yummy.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Toast and eat. This bread is definitely best sliced nice and thin (around 1/2 inch/12 mm) and then toasted up and spread with whatever your heart desires. And don’t worry, if you’re adventuring somewhere without toaster access (like a gorgeous river in the middle of nowhere), it will still be scrumptious, I promise.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Love The Mill's fabulous toast? Learn how to make Josey Baker's sourdough breads at home with the new Josey Baker Bread cookbook. Includes the recipe for his seed-packed, gluten-free Adventure Loaf. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1411661239,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":2447},"headData":{"title":"Josey Baker Bread: Baking for Bros, with Gluten-Free Adventure Bread Recipe | KQED","description":"Love The Mill's fabulous toast? Learn how to make Josey Baker's sourdough breads at home with the new Josey Baker Bread cookbook. Includes the recipe for his seed-packed, gluten-free Adventure Loaf. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Josey Baker Bread: Baking for Bros, with Gluten-Free Adventure Bread Recipe","datePublished":"2014-06-04T20:49:41.000Z","dateModified":"2014-09-25T16:07:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"82723 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=82723","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/06/04/josey-baker-bread-baking-for-bros-with-gluten-free-adventure-bread-recipe/","disqusTitle":"Josey Baker Bread: Baking for Bros, with Gluten-Free Adventure Bread Recipe","path":"/bayareabites/82723/josey-baker-bread-baking-for-bros-with-gluten-free-adventure-bread-recipe","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread-book-700.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread-book-700.jpg\" alt=\"Josey Baker Bread\" width=\"700\" height=\"881\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-82825\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dude! You know what's totally cool? Baking bread. No, for real, man, it's awesome, and you can't, like, mess it up. Sure, you'll need to be around the house for a couple of days to tend it, and you should probably make a sourdough starter first, and yes, you'll probably need to go to Rainbow for rice and spelt and kamut flours, and maybe to Williams-Sonoma for a \u003ca href=\"http://www.williams-sonoma.com/products/round-banneton-bread-basket/\">banneton\u003c/a>. And if you get really into it, start grinding that flour yourself so it's super fresh, and yeah, you should try to get local grains too because supporting your local farmers is rad. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If local baker Chad Robertson's \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0811870413/kqedorg-20\">Tartine Bread\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1452114307/kqedorg-20\">Tartine Book No. 3\u003c/a> are for dedicated, spreadsheeting bread geeks, \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1452113688/kqedorg-20\">Josey Baker Bread\u003c/a>, recently published by Chronicle Books, is bread for bros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82827\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread-Josey700.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread-Josey700.jpg\" alt=\"Josey Baker with bread. Photo: Erin Kunkel\" width=\"700\" height=\"1050\" class=\"size-full wp-image-82827\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Josey Baker with bread. Photo: Erin Kunkel\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://joseybakerbread.wordpress.com/\">Josey Baker\u003c/a>, who currently bakes at \u003ca href=\"http://themillsf.com/\">The Mill\u003c/a> in San Francisco and is the man responsible for their famous/infamous \u003ca href=\"http://www.ediblesanfrancisco.com/4-dollar-toast/\">$4 toast\u003c/a>--is a passionate self-taught baker, who learned first from books and YouTube videos, then by showing up and baking elbow to elbow with other dedicated solo operators like Dave Miller of \u003ca href=\"http://www.millersbakehouse.com\">Miller's Bakehouse\u003c/a> in Chico. In his book, he assumes his readers are novice bakers, too, excited but clueless, and so his recipes are laid out like lessons, starting with a (mostly) simple, yeast-based pan loaf and building, stage by stage, to hand-shaped sourdough hearth loaves. Once the reader has mastered the basic sourdough loaf, Baker uses similar techniques and ratios to teach flavored breads, pizzas, and whole-grain, rye, kamut, and spelt loaves. He also shares the recipes for his popular fiber-crammed and gluten-free \"Adventure Loaf\" (recipe below), cornbread, chocolate-chip cookies, fruit crumble, and a roommate's long-soaked \"overnight oats\" porridge. Time (lots of it) and soaking (for seeds, nuts, dried fruits and grains) are the backbones of Baker's baking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much like the sourdough starter he espouses, a little of Baker's dude-ish enthusiasm can go a long way, depending on your age, attitude and how much time you're spending getting ready for Burning Man this summer. Spend a few minutes scrolling though Baker's blog, though, and it's clear that the voice and tone of the book is sincerely his. Baker is a surfin', bakin', lovin' dude through and through, down to the naked jumping-in-a-river back view that he's proudly posted on his blog's home page. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes it's funny.\"Who doesn't like cinnamon raisin toast?\" he writes in the headnote for Cinnamon Raisin Bread. \"Jerks, that's who.\" Sometimes it's just a little much, as when he coos, half-ironically, \"But I really love me a hearth loaf. (That just sounds so sexy, doesn't it? Say it out loud: \u003cem>hearth loaf\u003c/em>. So liberated, so rustic, so pure).\" And repeating the same Food Network-style catchphrases in every recipe--\"Let the magic happen\" for rising, \"That's a very good question!\" underlined in red for every trouble-shooting query--gets old fast. There's also some needless padding, like a layout that starts every recipe with \"Gather your foodstuffs and tools,\" and the long, unmeasured list of required \"foodstuffs\" that's listed up front and adds an extra page to every recipe. (The ingredients, in their precise measurements, are repeated in easy-to-read tables within the recipes themselves.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how are the breads? Anyone with a bag of flour and a packet of yeast can turn out a comforting, toastable loaf of sandwich bread. (Enter the bread machine.) But making really good bread takes both technique and time. Turning out bread with both a crunchy, crackly crust and a moist, air-hole-riddled interior--the sort of bread we're lucky enough to take for granted here in the Bay Area, home of so many fabulous artisan bakeries--takes a lot more attention and a more refined skill set. There's no getting around those facts, no matter how much Baker insists that his bread recipes are easily adjustable. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each stage takes only a very small amount of hands-on time, it's true, but you do have to have the leisure, luxury, or flexibility to be around for these multiple stages, even if you're only spending a few minutes each time. Let's break it down: First there's the sourdough making, a 2-week building process. Then the pre-ferment (12 hours), the mixing and dough hydration (1 hour), the kneading and resting (4 times, spread out over 2 hours in 30-min intervals), the 2 or 3 hour bulk rise (2 to 3 hours), the pre-shape and resting (15 minutes), the final shaping and rising (3 to 4 hours), the baking (45 minutes) and the cooling (2 to 3 hours). This is bread baking for those with 24 hours to dedicate to making bread. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By no means is this a criticism of Baker's technique; dough is a living thing and making bread requires natural chemical processes that don't benefit from being rushed. Bread risen fast can taste harshly of the commercial yeast it's made from, while slow-risen, naturally leavened breads share the mellow flavor of their grains. But it can take some close reading to realize just how slow a process making these breads can be. Baker, in his enthusiasm, doesn't really lay out the timing beforehand, although he does scale each recipe's ingredients for 1, 2 and 4 loaves in a handy chart. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those who think of Baker as simply the \"hipster toast guy,\" this book should be a cautionary tale for anyone hoping to start a small perishable food business, especially those used to the regular comfort of tech-sized paychecks. At least in writing, Baker takes a wide-eyed, aw-shucks attitude towards his current success, acting stunned each time his loaves find a new level of popularity, from neighbors offering to pay for the \"free bread\" he'd been passing around, to strangers signing up for his \"Community Supported Bread\" program after Daily Candy wrote a story about it, to the local businesses, including \u003ca href=\"http://www.missionpie.com\">Mission Pie\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.pizzaiolooakland.com/\">Pizzaiolo\u003c/a>, who helped him grow his itinerant bakery by providing commercial baking space. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also took building a helping-hands community of friends and colleagues willing to share their time, space, expertise, and, in the case of Pizzaiolo owner Charlie Hallowell, even a couch, where Baker would crash during the wee hours while his dough rose in the restaurant nearby. Baker never complains--in fact, he's thrilled that doing what he loves has actually become a business--but he also doesn't play down the immense amounts of sheer physical work it took for him as a one-man operation to learn and make quality bread for sale, day in and day out, including huge amounts of driving, hauling, and up-and-down-the-stairs moving of bag after bag of flours, seeds, starters, equipment and more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In describing how he came up with the small single-size loaves he calls \"pocketbreads\" (not pitas, but small, round sourdough loaves baked in muffin pans), he explains how he was losing sales to people who \"weren't looking for the commitment of an entire loaf.\" At that point, baking in a spare corner of the kitchen at Mission Pie, the bread was so labor-intensive that he needed to sell every bit he made. As he writes, \"So I started taking 10 or 15 pounds of my bread dough, tossing stuff in, shaping it into tiny loaves, and seeing how people liked them. Pocketbreads were a big deal for my budding bread business. Some days I sold 75 of those little suckers, at $2 a pop. That was big for me at the time, scraping by as I was. It meant another couple hundred bucks a week, and it meant I could keep diving deeper into bread.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Kunkel's photographs are beautifully appetite-whetting, and work hard to make bread sexy (mmmm, drip that honey...). Gorgeous as they are, though, they often leave holes when it comes to illustrating the recipes step by step. Certain key steps, like the stretch-and-fold techniques used for kneading and shaping, are described but not photographed, which could be a drawback for those who haven't seen these less familiar techniques demonstrated in person. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, Baker's chattiness and his need to anxiously reassure his readers that, really, anybody can do this and bread-baking isn't as hard as you think can get in the way of necessary detail. The Sesame Bread recipe starts with a whole-wheat pre-ferment of whole wheat flour, water, and a small amount of yeast. This rough, batter-like dough rises for 12 hours, and then the reader is instructed to simply mix in the next ingredients--bread flour, sesame seeds, water, salt. But what I got was a white dough ribboned like marble cake with brown whole-wheat pre-ferment, a unhomogenized mixture that needs serious beating to blend. Based on experience with other bread books, I realized it would have made much more sense to break the pre-ferment down in water like a batter, then expand it bit by bit with white flour to make a smooth dough. The explanations for stretching and turning the dough--a gentler version of kneading that works better for the slack, slow-risen doughs used here--could also use more clarification. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Baker does his best to get novice bakers excited about the prospect of turning out serious bread. There are useful tips, like the need for pre-soaking seeds before adding (otherwise, they'll suck up excess moisture in the dough, resulting in a dry loaf), and the ways that rye, spelt and kamut flours act differently from wheat. (I also plan to adopt his DIY baker's blade--a sharpened popsicle stick slid through the holes of a double-edged razor blade--as soon as possible, since a regular knife blade invariably sticks and tears with every attempt to slash through the top of a jiggly risen pillow of dough.) If you can handle the tone, Baker offers a lot of useful information here, without getting either as precise or technical as Robertson. While Robertson seems dubious that anyone but a fellow obsessive can master his meticulous and beautiful breads, Baker can't wait to share the joy he finds in all things bread-related. He's convinced that anyone--that means you, baker!--can make a sexy loaf, given a handful of techniques and a bread-dedicated 24 hours or so. Go ye forth, dude, and bake. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.penroseoakland.com/\">Penrose Restaurant\u003c/a> will be featuring a special menu and booksigning for Josey Baker Bread on June 6, 5:30-10:30pm.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82824\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread_Adventure-Bread700.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/06/Josey-Baker-Bread_Adventure-Bread700.jpg\" alt=\"Josey Baker Adventure Bread. Photo: Erin Kunkel\" width=\"700\" height=\"1050\" class=\"size-full wp-image-82824\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Josey Baker Adventure Bread. Photo: Erin Kunkel\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Adventure Bread\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Adapted from \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1452113688/kqedorg-20\">Josey Baker Bread\u003c/a> by Josey Baker (Chronicle Books, 2014).\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes you need a bread that is so dense, so hearty, so jam-packed full of seeds and grains (and devoid of air) that it will sustain you on your mightiest of adventures. That’s what this bread is for. But that’s not all it is for . . . it’s also gluten-free! That will either entice you or turn you off, but either way I really hope that you give it a shot because it is incredible, and it is suuuper healthy. It’s unlike any other bread in this book, in that there isn’t even any flour in it, and it isn’t fermented—it’s basically just a bunch of seeds held together with a little bit of psyllium seed husk and chia seeds. I started making it in the bakery because we kept having folks come in and ask us for gluten-free bread, and I got tired of saying no. Up until we made this bread, I had mostly been turned off by gluten-free breads, because it seemed like they were all just trying to imitate wheat breads, and failing miserably. But this bread stands on its own—it is gluten-free and proud of it. Special thanks goes out to Sarah Britton, blogger at My New Roots; her recipe inspired this bread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>2 1/4 cups (235 gms) rolled oats\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup (160 gms) sunflower seeds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 cup pumpkin seeds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3/4 cup almonds, toasted and coarsely chopped\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3/4 cup flax seeds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/3 cup (25 gm) psyllium seed husk\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3 tbsp chia seeds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 tsp (12 gm) finely ground sea salt\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 tbsp maple syrup\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 cup olive oil\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 1/2 (600 gm) cups water\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>Toast the seeds. Preheat your oven to 350°F/180°C. Spread the sunflower and pumpkin seeds on a baking sheet and toast until they start to brown, about 15 minutes, stirring halfway between baking.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Measure ingredients. Dump dry stuff into a big bowl. Then pour in all the wet stuff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Mix it all up, scoop into pan. Oil a loaf pan (about 8\" x 4\", or 20cm x 10cm), and then mush up your “dough” real good with your strong hands or a big spoon. Take pride in your mush-job, this is all of the handling you’re going to do with this “dough.” Once it’s mixed real good, scoop it into your oiled pan and smooth out the top so it looks nice. Then stick that guy in the fridge and leave it alone for at least a few hours, up to a whole day.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bake it. Put a rack in the middle of the oven and preheat to 400°F/200°C. Bake for about an hour or so, then take it out and gently remove the loaf from the pan. Let it cool on a cooling rack for at least 2 hours (YES, two whole hours). Don’t rush it here folks, this bread is D*E*N*S*E, and if you don’t wait for it to cool, it really won’t be as yummy.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Toast and eat. This bread is definitely best sliced nice and thin (around 1/2 inch/12 mm) and then toasted up and spread with whatever your heart desires. And don’t worry, if you’re adventuring somewhere without toaster access (like a gorgeous river in the middle of nowhere), it will still be scrumptious, I promise.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/82723/josey-baker-bread-baking-for-bros-with-gluten-free-adventure-bread-recipe","authors":["5038"],"categories":["bayareabites_1516","bayareabites_109","bayareabites_752","bayareabites_2254","bayareabites_588","bayareabites_2695","bayareabites_1875","bayareabites_12"],"tags":["bayareabites_59","bayareabites_13430","bayareabites_138","bayareabites_13421","bayareabites_13422","bayareabites_9782"],"featImg":"bayareabites_82828","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_118116":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_118116","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"118116","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"diy-soy-free-tofu-yes-you-can-make-tofu-from-any-bean-youd-like","title":"DIY Soy-Free Tofu: Yes, You Can Make Tofu From Any Bean You’d Like","publishDate":1497300723,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Unless you spend a lot of time eating Burmese food or reading alternative wellness food blogs, you have likely not heard of any type of tofu other than the traditional soy-based stuff. That’s not necessarily a problem; soy tofu can be quite delicious, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/06/03/diy-tofu-making-homemade-tofu-is-easier-than-you-think/\">especially when you’re making it yourself\u003c/a>. But there are other tofus out there in the universe: Shan tofu, a Burmese preparation, made from chickpea flour; \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2012/01/31/hemp-tofu/\">hemp tofu\u003c/a>, which Vi Zahajszky made for this food blog back in 2012; peanut tofu, made in a similar manner to soy tofu; and a world of other tofu-like concoctions made from any bean you can think of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooks have different reasons for making tofu from beans other than soy. Some are concerned about GMOs, others have soy allergies, while still others just like the flavor of a different type of bean. Personally, I’m in the “I want to explore new flavors” camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this exploration, I’ve learned that you can’t just pull another dried bean out of your pantry and follow soy tofu directions. Soybeans are actually quite unique, and it is their particular protein and fat proportions that allow their milk to be curdled and separated just like cheese. According to some internet sources, peanuts behave similarly to soybeans and, with the help of a couple of extra ingredients, can be treated the same way. (Unfortunately for all of you reading this, I am allergic to peanuts, so I’ll leave you to experiment with them and report back in the comments.) Other beans need an almost entirely different approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most common recipe for soy-free tofu is chickpea flour-based Shan tofu. Chickpea flour is simply finely ground dried chickpeas, and, thanks to its use in gluten-free baking, it is now fairly easy to find in grocery stores. However, I set out to make this recipe adaptable for any dried bean in your pantry and it is not very easy to find flours made from cannellini or pinto beans. (I’m also assuming that most of you do not own a grain mill with which you could grind your own dried beans into flour.) Instead, I decided to harness the power of starch, along with my bean milks of choice, to make my soy-free tofu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yes, before the definition police come calling, I do know that, traditionally, “tofu” is only made from bean curd. However, there already exists a range of tofu-like products made with other ingredients that are referred to as tofus, so I will do the same. You can make up your own new name if you’d prefer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118121\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_.jpg\" alt=\"First, soak your bean of choice in cool water overnight.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1330\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118121\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-800x554.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-768x532.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-1020x707.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-1180x817.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-960x665.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-375x260.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-520x360.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First, soak your bean of choice in cool water overnight. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To get started, soak your bean of choice in cool water overnight. I prefer using yellow- or white-colored beans, such as chickpeas or cannellini beans, because they make for a prettier end product. If you prefer black or pinto beans and don’t mind their dark colors, I say go for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, drain and rinse the soaked beans and blend them up with 2 cups of water. Get this mixture as smooth as possible — you’re trying to get all of the protein and starch out of those dried beans. If you’ve been paying attention, this process is almost the same, so far, as \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/06/03/diy-tofu-making-homemade-tofu-is-easier-than-you-think/\">soy tofu\u003c/a>. However, the volume of milk is smaller; this is because we will not be curdling and separating out the milk, giving us a higher yield per given volume of beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118122\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_.jpg\" alt=\"Squeeze out as much milk and starch from the ground bean pulp as possible.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1339\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-800x558.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-768x536.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-1020x711.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-1180x823.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-960x670.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-375x262.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-520x363.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Squeeze out as much milk and starch from the ground bean pulp as possible. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now strain the milk through a towel-lined strainer into a large bowl. Twist and squeeze the towel to get as much of the milk (and starch) out from the bean pulp as possible. Discard or compost the bean pulp; it is still raw and likely not very tasty!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, pour the milk into a pot along with a teaspoon of salt. Bring the mixture to a simmer and cook the milk for 15 minutes. This cooking process will take away any raw bean flavor and will make the final tofu digestible and delicious. Depending on your bean of choice, you will notice that the milk will have started to thicken by this point. Chickpeas, for example, have quite a bit of starch in them, and their milk will turn to a thick custard on its own. In fact, some recipes say that you can cook chickpea milk to a tofu-like thickness all on its own; unfortunately, I did not have any success with this method.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get the milk from custard to sliceable tofu, you will need to add more starch. I like to use cornstarch since it is cheap and always on hand in my house. If you prefer not to use cornstarch, other recipes call for tapioca, potato starch or (you may have guessed it) additional chickpea flour. Experiment as you’d like!\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118119\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Stir the thickened bean milk until it starts to pull away from the sides of the pot.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118119\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stir the thickened bean milk until it starts to pull away from the sides of the pot. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In order to keep lumps from forming in the cornstarch, you’ll want to make a slurry/paste concoction. Pour out around a cup of the bean milk into a bowl and sift in the starch. Whisk it well, and then add the slurry back into the main pot of milk. Keep stirring until the mixture becomes super thick and pulls away from the sides of the pot. If the milk doesn’t thicken up within a minute, sift more cornstarch into the milk, a tablespoon at a time, until it does. You’ll know it when you see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, transfer the thickened tofu mixture to a loaf pan and let it cool. The tofu will continue to thicken and set as it reaches room temperature. Once it is cooled, you can flip it out onto a cutting board and cut it into bite-sized pieces. Depending on the bean you’ve used, the tofu will have a slightly different texture. Cannellini tofu is more jelly-like than chickpea tofu, for example, and they’ll all be less firm than traditional soy tofu. If you’d like to cook them, I’d highly recommend using a non-stick skillet and a gentle hand. Or, do as I’ve been doing, and pop a few cubes into your mouth straight from the fridge as a protein-packed afternoon snack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118118\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Homemade cannellini and chickpea tofus.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118118\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Homemade cannellini and chickpea tofus. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Recipe: Homemade Soy-Free Tofu\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Makes about 1 pound\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Note:\u003c/strong> Unlike traditional soy tofu, which is made by separating soy milk into curds and whey, “alterna-tofus” are set by cooking down their milk and an additional starch. All beans contain some starch, but this is not enough to fully set the tofu on its own. Because every type of bean has a slightly different starch content, I’ve written this recipe to use a flexible amount of cornstarch. You may need to experiment a bit to find your perfect proportions. In this recipe I prefer to use light-colored beans, such as chickpeas or cannellini beans, instead of brown or black beans, because the final result is simply prettier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>½ cup dried beans, such as chickpeas or cannellini beans\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 cups water\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 teaspoon salt\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>⅓ cup cornstarch, plus more as needed\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>The night before making the tofu, place the dried beans in a large bowl and cover them with at least 2 inches of cold water. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and let it sit on the counter overnight.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The next day, drain the beans in a colander and rinse with cold water. Transfer the beans to a blender and cover with the water. Blend until very smooth, about 1 minute. You should no longer be able to see any little bits of bean and the mixture should be slightly foamy.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Place a strainer over a large bowl or pot. Line the strainer with a thin kitchen towel or a triple layer of cheesecloth. Pour the bean milk slurry into the towel-lined strainer, letting the milk drain through.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bring the edges of the towel together to form a sack and twist to squeeze out more of the milk. Try to get out as much of the milk as possible. Compost the bean pulp. (Unlike with soybean tofu, this pulp is still basically raw, so it likely will not taste great.)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pour the strained bean milk into a medium saucepan, add the salt, and place the pot over medium heat. Bring the milk to a low simmer, reduce the heat to medium-low, and cook, stirring occasionally, for 15 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reduce the heat as low as it will go. Ladle out about a cup of the milk out into a large bowl. Sift the cornstarch over the milk in the bowl and whisk it in until smooth. Pour the cornstarch-milk mixture into the pot with the remaining milk and whisk until smooth. Continue to cook, whisking constantly, until the bean mixture turns extremely thick and pulls away from the sides of the pot, 30 seconds to 1 minute. If the mixture does not thicken up, sift in additional cornstarch, 1 tablespoon at a time, until it does.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Transfer the tofu mixture to a loaf pan measuring about 9 by 5 inches (smaller loaf pans will work as well; your tofu will be thicker) and smooth the top as best you can. Let the tofu cool completely.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Flip the cooled tofu out onto a cutting board (it should slide right out) and cut into squares. You can store the tofu for up to 1 week before eating.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Tofu doesn't have to be made with soybeans. Kate Williams will show you how to whip up a batch with any dried bean you've got in your pantry.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1508268441,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":1659},"headData":{"title":"DIY Soy-Free Tofu: Yes, You Can Make Tofu From Any Bean You’d Like | KQED","description":"Tofu doesn't have to be made with soybeans. Kate Williams will show you how to whip up a batch with any dried bean you've got in your pantry.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"DIY Soy-Free Tofu: Yes, You Can Make Tofu From Any Bean You’d Like","datePublished":"2017-06-12T20:52:03.000Z","dateModified":"2017-10-17T19:27:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"118116 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=118116","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/06/12/diy-soy-free-tofu-yes-you-can-make-tofu-from-any-bean-youd-like/","disqusTitle":"DIY Soy-Free Tofu: Yes, You Can Make Tofu From Any Bean You’d Like","source":"DIY Recipes","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/category/diy-and-urban-homesteading/","path":"/bayareabites/118116/diy-soy-free-tofu-yes-you-can-make-tofu-from-any-bean-youd-like","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Unless you spend a lot of time eating Burmese food or reading alternative wellness food blogs, you have likely not heard of any type of tofu other than the traditional soy-based stuff. That’s not necessarily a problem; soy tofu can be quite delicious, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/06/03/diy-tofu-making-homemade-tofu-is-easier-than-you-think/\">especially when you’re making it yourself\u003c/a>. But there are other tofus out there in the universe: Shan tofu, a Burmese preparation, made from chickpea flour; \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2012/01/31/hemp-tofu/\">hemp tofu\u003c/a>, which Vi Zahajszky made for this food blog back in 2012; peanut tofu, made in a similar manner to soy tofu; and a world of other tofu-like concoctions made from any bean you can think of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooks have different reasons for making tofu from beans other than soy. Some are concerned about GMOs, others have soy allergies, while still others just like the flavor of a different type of bean. Personally, I’m in the “I want to explore new flavors” camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this exploration, I’ve learned that you can’t just pull another dried bean out of your pantry and follow soy tofu directions. Soybeans are actually quite unique, and it is their particular protein and fat proportions that allow their milk to be curdled and separated just like cheese. According to some internet sources, peanuts behave similarly to soybeans and, with the help of a couple of extra ingredients, can be treated the same way. (Unfortunately for all of you reading this, I am allergic to peanuts, so I’ll leave you to experiment with them and report back in the comments.) Other beans need an almost entirely different approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most common recipe for soy-free tofu is chickpea flour-based Shan tofu. Chickpea flour is simply finely ground dried chickpeas, and, thanks to its use in gluten-free baking, it is now fairly easy to find in grocery stores. However, I set out to make this recipe adaptable for any dried bean in your pantry and it is not very easy to find flours made from cannellini or pinto beans. (I’m also assuming that most of you do not own a grain mill with which you could grind your own dried beans into flour.) Instead, I decided to harness the power of starch, along with my bean milks of choice, to make my soy-free tofu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yes, before the definition police come calling, I do know that, traditionally, “tofu” is only made from bean curd. However, there already exists a range of tofu-like products made with other ingredients that are referred to as tofus, so I will do the same. You can make up your own new name if you’d prefer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118121\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_.jpg\" alt=\"First, soak your bean of choice in cool water overnight.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1330\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118121\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-800x554.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-768x532.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-1020x707.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-1180x817.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-960x665.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-375x260.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/soaked-white-beans_-520x360.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First, soak your bean of choice in cool water overnight. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To get started, soak your bean of choice in cool water overnight. I prefer using yellow- or white-colored beans, such as chickpeas or cannellini beans, because they make for a prettier end product. If you prefer black or pinto beans and don’t mind their dark colors, I say go for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, drain and rinse the soaked beans and blend them up with 2 cups of water. Get this mixture as smooth as possible — you’re trying to get all of the protein and starch out of those dried beans. If you’ve been paying attention, this process is almost the same, so far, as \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/06/03/diy-tofu-making-homemade-tofu-is-easier-than-you-think/\">soy tofu\u003c/a>. However, the volume of milk is smaller; this is because we will not be curdling and separating out the milk, giving us a higher yield per given volume of beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118122\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_.jpg\" alt=\"Squeeze out as much milk and starch from the ground bean pulp as possible.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1339\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-800x558.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-768x536.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-1020x711.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-1180x823.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-960x670.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-375x262.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/squeezing-bean-milk_-520x363.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Squeeze out as much milk and starch from the ground bean pulp as possible. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now strain the milk through a towel-lined strainer into a large bowl. Twist and squeeze the towel to get as much of the milk (and starch) out from the bean pulp as possible. Discard or compost the bean pulp; it is still raw and likely not very tasty!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, pour the milk into a pot along with a teaspoon of salt. Bring the mixture to a simmer and cook the milk for 15 minutes. This cooking process will take away any raw bean flavor and will make the final tofu digestible and delicious. Depending on your bean of choice, you will notice that the milk will have started to thicken by this point. Chickpeas, for example, have quite a bit of starch in them, and their milk will turn to a thick custard on its own. In fact, some recipes say that you can cook chickpea milk to a tofu-like thickness all on its own; unfortunately, I did not have any success with this method.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get the milk from custard to sliceable tofu, you will need to add more starch. I like to use cornstarch since it is cheap and always on hand in my house. If you prefer not to use cornstarch, other recipes call for tapioca, potato starch or (you may have guessed it) additional chickpea flour. Experiment as you’d like!\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118119\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Stir the thickened bean milk until it starts to pull away from the sides of the pot.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118119\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/chickpea-tofu-pulling-from-sides-of-pan-3-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stir the thickened bean milk until it starts to pull away from the sides of the pot. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In order to keep lumps from forming in the cornstarch, you’ll want to make a slurry/paste concoction. Pour out around a cup of the bean milk into a bowl and sift in the starch. Whisk it well, and then add the slurry back into the main pot of milk. Keep stirring until the mixture becomes super thick and pulls away from the sides of the pot. If the milk doesn’t thicken up within a minute, sift more cornstarch into the milk, a tablespoon at a time, until it does. You’ll know it when you see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, transfer the thickened tofu mixture to a loaf pan and let it cool. The tofu will continue to thicken and set as it reaches room temperature. Once it is cooled, you can flip it out onto a cutting board and cut it into bite-sized pieces. Depending on the bean you’ve used, the tofu will have a slightly different texture. Cannellini tofu is more jelly-like than chickpea tofu, for example, and they’ll all be less firm than traditional soy tofu. If you’d like to cook them, I’d highly recommend using a non-stick skillet and a gentle hand. Or, do as I’ve been doing, and pop a few cubes into your mouth straight from the fridge as a protein-packed afternoon snack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118118\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Homemade cannellini and chickpea tofus.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118118\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/both-tofus-6-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Homemade cannellini and chickpea tofus. \u003ccite>(Kate Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Recipe: Homemade Soy-Free Tofu\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Makes about 1 pound\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Note:\u003c/strong> Unlike traditional soy tofu, which is made by separating soy milk into curds and whey, “alterna-tofus” are set by cooking down their milk and an additional starch. All beans contain some starch, but this is not enough to fully set the tofu on its own. Because every type of bean has a slightly different starch content, I’ve written this recipe to use a flexible amount of cornstarch. You may need to experiment a bit to find your perfect proportions. In this recipe I prefer to use light-colored beans, such as chickpeas or cannellini beans, instead of brown or black beans, because the final result is simply prettier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>½ cup dried beans, such as chickpeas or cannellini beans\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 cups water\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 teaspoon salt\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>⅓ cup cornstarch, plus more as needed\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>The night before making the tofu, place the dried beans in a large bowl and cover them with at least 2 inches of cold water. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and let it sit on the counter overnight.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The next day, drain the beans in a colander and rinse with cold water. Transfer the beans to a blender and cover with the water. Blend until very smooth, about 1 minute. You should no longer be able to see any little bits of bean and the mixture should be slightly foamy.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Place a strainer over a large bowl or pot. Line the strainer with a thin kitchen towel or a triple layer of cheesecloth. Pour the bean milk slurry into the towel-lined strainer, letting the milk drain through.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bring the edges of the towel together to form a sack and twist to squeeze out more of the milk. Try to get out as much of the milk as possible. Compost the bean pulp. (Unlike with soybean tofu, this pulp is still basically raw, so it likely will not taste great.)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pour the strained bean milk into a medium saucepan, add the salt, and place the pot over medium heat. Bring the milk to a low simmer, reduce the heat to medium-low, and cook, stirring occasionally, for 15 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reduce the heat as low as it will go. Ladle out about a cup of the milk out into a large bowl. Sift the cornstarch over the milk in the bowl and whisk it in until smooth. Pour the cornstarch-milk mixture into the pot with the remaining milk and whisk until smooth. Continue to cook, whisking constantly, until the bean mixture turns extremely thick and pulls away from the sides of the pot, 30 seconds to 1 minute. If the mixture does not thicken up, sift in additional cornstarch, 1 tablespoon at a time, until it does.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Transfer the tofu mixture to a loaf pan measuring about 9 by 5 inches (smaller loaf pans will work as well; your tofu will be thicker) and smooth the top as best you can. Let the tofu cool completely.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Flip the cooled tofu out onto a cutting board (it should slide right out) and cut into squares. You can store the tofu for up to 1 week before eating.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/118116/diy-soy-free-tofu-yes-you-can-make-tofu-from-any-bean-youd-like","authors":["5485"],"categories":["bayareabites_2998","bayareabites_2638","bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_12869","bayareabites_12"],"tags":["bayareabites_15880","bayareabites_11123","bayareabites_13462","bayareabites_15879","bayareabites_3585"],"featImg":"bayareabites_118120","label":"source_bayareabites_118116"},"bayareabites_96350":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_96350","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"96350","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"east-bay-restaurants-adapt-to-new-minimum-wage","title":"East Bay Restaurants Adapt to New Minimum Wage","publishDate":1432479647,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>On March 2, the city of Oakland raised its minimum wage by 36%. At $12.25 per hour, the new wage is the highest in the country — for now. San Francisco matched this wage on May 1, and Emeryville will leapfrog both cities in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wage increase was voted into law last November as a part of Measure FF. Over 80% of Oakland residents supported the measure. And while all Oakland businesses are now required to abide by the new wage, conversations about its benefits and repercussions have been most active in the restaurant industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restaurants have notoriously small operational budget margins, and are, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/saru-jayaraman/\" target=\"_blank\">Saru Jayaraman\u003c/a>, the co-director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/restaurant-opportunities-centers-united/\" target=\"_blank\">Restaurant Opportunity Centers United\u003c/a> (ROC-United) and director of the Food Labor Research Center at UC Berkeley, one of the largest employers of low-wage workers in the United States. Jayaraman reports that seven out of the ten lowest paying jobs in the country are restaurant jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96353\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Frances-with-Saru-by-Pete-Rosos-720x480.jpg\" alt=\"Saru Jayaraman, seen here speaking with Berkeleyside’s Frances Dinkelspiel at Uncharted 2014, says in the long run wage increases in the restaurant field will be better for business.\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96353\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Frances-with-Saru-by-Pete-Rosos-720x480.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Frances-with-Saru-by-Pete-Rosos-720x480-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Saru Jayaraman, seen here speaking with Berkeleyside’s Frances Dinkelspiel at Uncharted 2014, says in the long run wage increases in the restaurant field will be better for business. \u003ccite>(Pete Rosos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California does, however, have some protections for restaurant workers. Service staff is required to make at least the state minimum wage; they are not permitted to be paid a “tipped minimum” of $2.13 per hour as they are in other states. Still, the state’s minimum wage of $9 per hour doesn’t go very far in the Bay Area’s booming economy. (Indeed, according to \u003ca href=\"http://livingwage.mit.edu/places/0600153000\" target=\"_blank\">MIT’s Living Wage Calculator\u003c/a>, the minimum wage needed to support a single adult in Oakland is over $11; one needs to make over double that number to support even a small family.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been an ongoing problem in the restaurant industry where many of our employees have trouble paying the bills. It is bad for the industry and bad for the community,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/jay-porter/\" target=\"_blank\">Jay Porter\u003c/a>, the owner of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/the-half-orange/\" target=\"_blank\">The Half Orange\u003c/a> in Fruitvale and upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/salsipuedes/\" target=\"_blank\">Salsipuedes\u003c/a> in North Oakland. “When one of your most significant industries as a whole employs people at a sub-living wage, that’s not good for the community. That’s money that’s not circulating in the economy. It also means that there’s a really high turnover. It means that a lot of people are having to work 70 to 80 hours a week to pay the bills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure FF was an attempt to change that problem. The measure not only set Oakland’s minimum wage at $12.25 per hour, but it also added mandatory paid sick leave and provided means for retaliation should employers not follow the new rules. Oakland’s new wage is now also tied to the Consumer Price Index, and it will be allowed to rise each year on January 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restaurant owners have adapted to the wage increase in various ways. Most, like Porter, have simply increased prices to account for the higher labor costs. Other restaurants, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/homestead/\" target=\"_blank\">Homestead,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/dopo/\" target=\"_blank\">Dopo\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/camino/\" target=\"_blank\">Camino\u003c/a> in Oakland, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/comal/\" target=\"_blank\">Comal\u003c/a> in Berkeley, have used this wage increase to re-format their entire wage structure. All four have eliminated tipping and have incorporated the average tip amount (around 20% of the total bill) to the line item charge for each dish on their menus. Still others, like \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/bocanova/\" target=\"_blank\">Bocanova\u003c/a> in Jack London Square, have added a mandatory service charge to their bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These adaptations are part of a larger conversation. Last month saw \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/fight-for-15/\" target=\"_blank\">local and national protests\u003c/a> for a $15 minimum wage. Measure FF has prompted many restaurants to reconsider tipping and fair pay between employees. Small, non-English speaking food businesses are closing, or considering it. Emeryville is considering an historically large wage bump — from $9 per hour to over $14. And everyone, especially restaurant workers, are reconsidering what, exactly, a fair wage means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96354\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/JayPorter-KatieMayfield.jpg\" alt=\"Jay Porter and Katie Mayfield own The Half Orange and forthcoming Salsipuedes. Porter has been an advocate for disrupting the traditional tipping systems in restaurants. \" width=\"720\" height=\"503\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96354\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/JayPorter-KatieMayfield.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/JayPorter-KatieMayfield-400x279.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jay Porter and Katie Mayfield own The Half Orange and forthcoming Salsipuedes. Porter has been an advocate for disrupting the traditional tipping systems in restaurants. \u003ccite>(Jay Porter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Increases better for business?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/institute-for-research-on-labor-and-employment/\" target=\"_blank\">Institute for Research on Labor and Employment\u003c/a> (IRLE) prepared a policy brief on the Oakland measure last June. The research suggested that restaurants and retail businesses would likely be most affected by the increase, but restaurants would only need to raise their prices by 2.5%. Authors Michael Reich, Ken Jacobs, Annette Berndardt and Ian Perry suggested that reduced employee turnover costs and improved work performance would make up for increased labor costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, most of the restaurant owners we have spoken to have all raised their prices much more than 2.5%. Chris Hillyard of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/farleys-east/\" target=\"_blank\">Farley’s\u003c/a> coffee shops in Uptown and in Emeryville raised his prices between 5% and 15%, depending on the item. \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/sal-bednarz/\" target=\"_blank\">Sal Bednarz\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/actual-cafe/\" target=\"_blank\">Actual Café\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/victory-burger/\" target=\"_blank\">Victory Burger\u003c/a> gave most of his items at 9% bump. Porter’s prices went up around 15%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is clear that the researchers missed some of the important parts of the picture. They talked about a restaurant price increase of 3%. That still may be the average price increase, but for the small restaurants that I’m talking to, none of us can do it for 3%, none of us,” said Bednarz. “A lot of us are doing double digit price increases, much more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hillyard noted labor costs are more complicated than the direct wage cost. “There are also sick days. Plus workers compensation goes up because your payroll costs have gone up,” he said. Indeed, the IRLE report didn’t include the increased costs of paid sick leave. However, Reich noted in an email that Oakland area restaurant prices have been increasing around 2.4% per year, which makes these bumps part of a general trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these price increases, most Oakland restaurants are still doing what they do best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our revenue is up a bit, and our customer traffic is close to what it was before we made the changes. We’ve had a lot of customers who have noticed the price increases. Some already understood why [they were] going up, some didn’t,” said Bednarz. “My crew was well equipped to educate them and had good conversations across the counter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Bednarz did report that his morning coffee business has been a bit slower than usual. “Who knows what that is. It could be something like our customers are driving a different direction to get to work or that schools in the neighborhood have different hours this week. In a few weeks it may come back, but it may not.” Porter and Hillyard also report fairly consistent business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jayaraman says that in the long run, the wage increase will be better for business. “The economy is going to do better. I think we’re going to see better restaurants, better service, better food. I think we’re going to see actually faster job growth. That’s what we’ve seen everywhere else every time the wage has gone up,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another IRLE overview report on local minimum wage laws said that wage increases do increase the spending power of employees and that they do typically spend that extra money. The authors did note, however, that research still needs to be done to estimate the economic stimulus created by this new spending power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps just as important as spending power is employee morale. “You’re going to have healthier workers because they have paid sick days. You’re going to have happier workers because they’re better paid. You’re going to have better service. It’s going to be good for everybody,” said Jayaraman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, as Bednarz explained, these changes will not happen overnight. His employees received their first increased pay check three weeks after restaurants instated higher prices. “That’s a number of weeks of lag,” he said. “The folks who are coming to a place like mine in the morning are coming up for their morning coffee, and they’re often daily customers. A small increase in what they’re paying, that increases five times. It accumulates. I’m not saying that these people don’t care about what we’re doing, but they may not be able to afford to care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96355\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/IMG_2339.jpg\" alt=\"Sandwiches at Victory Burger have gone up in price by around 9% after the wage increase went into effect.\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96355\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/IMG_2339.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/IMG_2339-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandwiches at Victory Burger have gone up in price by around 9% after the wage increase went into effect. \u003ccite>(Emilie Raguso)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Front of house or back of the house? Unequal pay\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Historically, there have been three different wage structures in place in restaurants. Employees in the “back of the house” — cooks, dishwashers, bussers — make a single hourly wage without tips. Those in the “front of the house” — servers and hosts — make an hourly minimum plus tips on their bills. Managers usually get a salary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because California doesn’t allow for a tipped minimum, front-of-house workers typically take home far more income than the cooks and dishwashers in the back of the house — even if the back-of-the-house workers are making more than the minimum wage. This means that, even if all employees get a wage increase, the front of house still stands to bring home substantially more income. If prices increase, tips will increase as well, further increasing take-home pay. (Some restaurant owners we spoke to, like Porter, gave everyone a raise, while others, like Bednarz, raised wages only for those making below $12.25, with a few exceptions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a high-end restaurant where diners are tipping 20% on a $100 tab, the profits for servers can be very high. “I understand that for servers in places that they’re still getting tipped, they’re making a killing,” said Tim Veatch, a cook at Camino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is a fairly common practice for restaurants to “pool” tips at the end of service and divide up the total among employees. Typically under this system, servers take home a higher proportion of the tip, while back-of-the-house employees get a smaller percentage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s labor code makes this practice a little more complicated. It does allow for tip pooling, but the original legislation says that tips must go to those who are in a “direct line of service.” However, in 2009, the California Supreme Court ruled on several cases that challenged the wording of the legislation. In Etheridge v. Reins International, the court held that all employees in the “chain of service” are eligible to receive a share of tips, which included dishwashers and other members of the kitchen staff. In Budrow v. Dave & Busters, the court expanded that idea to say that the decision regarding who can participate in the tip pool can be “based on a reasonable assessment of the patron’s intentions.” The differences between a “direct line of” and “chain of” service aren’t exactly clear-cut, and the definition of a “reasonable assessment” is open to legal interpretation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each restaurant owner that we spoke to said that they try to balance wages between the front and back of the house as best as possible, but have been wary of violating the law. When Hillyard and his wife and co-owner Amy Hillyard opened Farley’s, the pair intentionally gave their cooks the job of delivering food to customers so that they could legally participate in the tip pool. Bednarz says that he has always pooled tips and has suggested raising the tip share between employees, but the final say came down to the employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a legal minefield that we’re trying to maneuver here as we try to do right. And there are lots of ways that we can do wrong,” said Bednarz. “My interest is in making sure that the staff also feels like it is fair. None of the front of house crew, who have to give up a little bit more of what they take in, is unhappy to give a little bit more of it to the kitchen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the reason for their willingness, Bednarz added, is because tip amounts have gone up along with prices. “Prices go up, tips go up, a lot more of the crew get to share more deeply in the pool of tips, and effectively everybody gets a raise,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When California’s state minimum wage rose from $8 per hour to $9 in July 2014, Camino owners \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/russell-moore/\" target=\"_blank\">Russell Moore\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/allison-hopelain/\" target=\"_blank\">Allison Hopelain\u003c/a> made attempts to encourage the service staff to distribute tips. Unlike Bendarz’s employees, they chose not to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was around the time that Veatch started working at the restaurant. “Russ and Allison had made a few attempts to allow the service staff to give us larger portions of the tipped money that was coming in, to cut the kitchen in,” he said. “But the law dictates that you, as the manager of a restaurant, are not allowed to distribute a server’s tips. They have to do that for themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veatch believes this system to be entirely inequitable. “The real issue is that the money from tips is part of the kitchen’s doing. That imbalance has always bothered me, as someone who puts the hours in and who puts the passion in. Then there are other people who can walk in, serve your passion and walk out with two times the amount of money that you made in half the time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fact was part of Moore’s impetus for completely re-formatting his pay structure. “I was tired of the semi-legal prospect of trying to get the waiters to tip out more to the back of the house or trying to alter the tip pool,” he said. “We all know it’s sort of a grey area.” As of January 31, Camino no longer accepts tips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96356\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Russell-Moore-720x539.jpg\" alt=\"Russell Moore, co-owner of Camino: “Why don’t we just charge people what it costs to eat at our restaurant?” \" width=\"720\" height=\"539\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96356\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Russell-Moore-720x539.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Russell-Moore-720x539-400x299.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Russell Moore, co-owner of Camino: “Why don’t we just charge people what it costs to eat at our restaurant?” \u003ccite>(Courtesy Russell Moore)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>The not-so-simple question of tipping\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Moore and Hopelain had always wanted to eliminate tips. Before opening Camino, Moore worked at \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/chez-panisse/\" target=\"_blank\">Chez Panisse\u003c/a>, where there is a 17% service charge on all bills. He and Hopelain wanted to take this principle one step further and incorporate that charge into the cost of the dishes. But, he said, “we kind of chickened out. We were going to be in this weird stretch of Oakland and back then there weren’t many restaurants opening there.” The pair instead instated a regular tipping system with a tip pool. They kept all front of house employees at the same wage, where they all shared tasks and tips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Moore said, “As minimum wage has been going up, we’ve thought more and more about how we could change it and what we could do.” They entertained the idea of adding a service charge, as at Chez Panisse, but changed their mind once they read the wording of Measure FF. According to the measure, service charges “shall be paid over in their entirety to the Hospitality Workers performing services for the customers.” The measure also stipulates that supervisors and owners could not take in any of the service charges. Moore was concerned that he wouldn’t legally be able to divide a service charge with the back of the house workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It didn’t seem like we could cleanly have a service charge and cleanly decide where all that money goes,” he said. “So we thought, ‘Why don’t we just charge people what it costs to eat at our restaurant?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of Camino’s menus advertises its tip-less system in bold type. And the dishes themselves are significantly more expensive — more than 20% — than they were before the change. The increased item price goes directly to paying employees’ higher wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, says Moore, there hasn’t been any backlash from customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Host Hannah Rice is often the first person to explain the new system to guests. “I thought people wouldn’t be so accepting. But everyone has been really excited about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veatch has been in to eat in the restaurant on his days off and he says that his friends find it exciting. “They’re like, ‘Oh there’s no tip!’ There’s confusion as to what you’re supposed to do, but I talk them through it,” he said. “I think everyone has really accepted it as a beneficial form of dining. You just get to sign your check and leave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porter says that models like Camino’s have been met with criticism from labor activists because “they say it removes money from the pockets of servers and that is against the intent of Measure FF.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, notes Jayaraman, “The impetus to move more and more towards living wages paid by the employer as opposed to by consumer tips is a good thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore admits that he did lose servers over the wage change. “For some of our more experienced servers, this just gave them the impetus to do that other career that they wanted to do, start that business, go back to school, or do something else. They didn’t leave with ill will,” he said. “A couple went to other restaurants to make more money. But everyone gave lots of notice and we had plenty of time and at the end of the day, we have a really great staff, front and back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has tried to combat employee turnover by increasing hours and reformatting the wage structure to encourage employees to work for promotion. Importantly, Moore says that the current wage structure incentivizes his servers to work five days a week, which qualifies them for health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Servers’ wages are also more predictable, he said. “I’ve always hated that feeling that servers are guns for hire. Like, ‘Oh it’s going to be a slow night, let’s cut them. Things are dying down, let’s send them home,’” he said. “Our selling points to servers were, ‘Yes, on a good Saturday night you’ll make less money. But on a slow Saturday brunch you’re going to make more.’” On those slow days, Moore gives the front of house staff other tasks to do, such as helping with kitchen prep work, in order for them to keep their hours up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore has also built in a growth track for his front of house employees. Typically, servers do not want to get promoted to a management position, he said, because that salary pays less than the server was making in tips. Plus, in his old system, all servers were paid the same. Now he gives servers with more experience a higher starting wage. “There’s incentive for the new server to learn more and become a better server and manager,” he said. “Like any other job in the world, you can get a raise, or you can not get a raise. We can manage people like you can manage people in any other line of work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice was hired before the change, and she decided to stay on, despite losing her tips. “Overall I probably make less, but I’m OK with that. I think it is the right thing to do,” she said. “The minimum wage should be helping everyone, and with tips it is only really helping the front of the house. The dishwashers and the bussers get left behind. Everyone works together, so for one person to be making more is unfair.” Rice added that she would be happy to work at another restaurant with a similar tipless pay structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, though, she hopes to continue to work and move up the ranks at the restaurant. “They’re providing a chance for everyone to move around and be familiar with other parts of the restaurant,” she said. “We get to see different sides of the restaurant and experience a different position.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, Cabril Barnes, a manager at both Actual Café and Victory Burger, says that he would be one of those servers to leave if tips had been eliminated at his restaurant. “Tips are definitely an incentive. I personally would not want to work in a place without tips and work just for a flat base rate,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the staffing changes, Moore and his employees all report that the restaurant’s service has improved. “We have a better sense of teamwork now,” said Rice. “Guests are looking closer at our service and they’re applauding us. Everyone is noticing positive effects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porter has long been an advocate for eliminating tips. He famously did so at his San Diego restaurant, The Linkery. “The idea that servers are motivated by tips is an enormous fallacy that has been totally disproven,” he said. “Great servers, as long as they are well-compensated, are going to do great work without tipping incentives. It turns out that that is pretty much how every other American works. When you’re fairly compensated, you’re going to do great work out of your own personal pride and the joy of doing great work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, Moore reports that his servers feel just like that. “The servers said something curious the other day at staff meal. They said, ‘There’s something about this which makes everything feel more professional. It makes it feel less like I’m putting on an act for a customer in the hopes that they might tip me. It’s more like I have an incentive to just do a really good job.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bednarz agrees. “You can argue all day long about how tips deviate based on the level of service or product that we give — they don’t. On a crappy day, our tips are just as good as on a good day. We know when we’re screwing up on the floor and when we’re kicking ass. And tips are mostly the same,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, Moore’s back of the house team is pleased with the changes. “The cooks got raises and they’re excited that we’ve taken an interest in making it so they can keep living here. Our cooking crew has always been fairly solid, but now it’s really solid,” said Moore. “We pay more than almost anyone now. It’s still not enough, but it’s getting there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Added Veatch, “I’ve been in the industry for ten years and I’ve never worked at a restaurant that was more respectful for my hours, did more to pay me for the moments that I’m in there, and cared more for me from a quality-of-life perspective and a cost of living perspective than Camino. I would never go back to a restaurant with a traditional tipping system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore hopes that more restaurants will see Camino’s success and mimic their payment approach. “What I would love is for the restaurants that are really busy and popular, that make more money, for them to make the change,” he said. “But I think they’re nervous about losing their floor staff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be a really big change, and there’s going to be a big transition,” Moore continued. “I think the ‘no tipping’ model might be the model because I think customers are going to get tired of weird charges at restaurants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice agrees. “I think that we’re going to be seeing a lot of less traditional restaurant [pay structures] over time. We’ll be seeing more restaurants that are adopting what Camino is doing,” said Rice. “Restaurants are also becoming more professional than they were before, which is a big deal for the Bay Area because restaurants are such a big part of our economy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, Moore is pleased with the change. “It’s sort of scary being the test case but Allison and I are super happy with it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96357\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/7373492948_4ac0b22e13_k-720x540.jpg\" alt=\"Chinatown’s Legendary Palace shut down earlier this year.\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96357\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/7373492948_4ac0b22e13_k-720x540.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/7373492948_4ac0b22e13_k-720x540-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chinatown’s Legendary Palace shut down earlier this year. \u003ccite>( sfbaywalk/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Wages increase and Chinatown struggles\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Other restaurateurs in Oakland have not been as happy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, stories in on \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/Its-the-Final-Nail-to-the-Coffin-Chinatown-Businesses-Struggle-Over-Oaklands-New-Minimum-Wage-296527421.html\" target=\"_blank\">NBC Bay Area\u003c/a>, on \u003ca href=\"http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2015/03/16/minimum-wage-hike-hits-oakland-chinatown-shop-restaurant-owners-hard/\" target=\"_blank\">CBS SF Bay Area\u003c/a>, and in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Minimum-wage-hike-hurts-Oakland-Chinatown-6133798.php\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> documented struggles in Oakland’s Chinatown. The Chronicle reported that four restaurants and six grocery stores in and around Chinatown closed in advance of the wage hike, including Legendary Palace, a popular banquet restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Bednarz, who has been working with the Chinatown Chamber of Commerce, says the problem in Chinatown is greater than the repercussions of increased labor costs. “There’s kind of a perfect storm going on in Chinatown. The port strike really hurt during Chinese New Year. There is the competition around Chinatown. Other cities now have more Asian markets and restaurants popping up so that people that used to commute to Chinatown to do their shopping now sometimes do it in their home city. Real-estate prices are starting to go up,” he said. “And now there’s this wage increase.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinatown restaurants have generally not followed the same trends as the newer, pricier restaurants in booming parts of Oakland. Instead, they have succeeded based on providing food and other goods at super-low prices. According to Bednarz, it is this pricing structure that may be these businesses’ downfall. “It’s apparent that some Chinatown businesses might need to find other strategies to differentiate themselves. Rather than using price as the primary means to compete, they may need to focus on service and product instead,” Bednarz wrote in an \u003ca href=\"http://oaklandlocal.com/2015/04/oakland-minimum-wage-part-3-a-perfect-storm-in-chinatown-community-voices/\" target=\"_blank\">op-ed for Oakland Local\u003c/a>. “They might need to use different marketing strategies to reach non-Chinese customers, but need to do this carefully so they don’t alienate their Chinese neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jayaraman takes a harder stance. She points out that all restaurants have to refigure their budgets for all sorts of unexpected price increases, such as food costs or rental agreements. “When other costs go up and you see a business close, the public doesn’t say, ‘Oh well, that means we should have kept food costs artificially down.’ They say, ‘That’s too bad the restaurant couldn’t figure out how to make it work,’” she said. “Why is it that with wages alone, as opposed to every other cost, we say, ‘We should artificially depress wages to help out these business owners?’ We don’t say that with food costs, we don’t say that with supplier costs of any other kind. We can’t say that with human costs either. Human costs have so much greater impact on so many more people than all the other costs that a restaurant has to pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Bednarz and Jayaraman agree that outreach and business support will go a long way to preventing more businesses from closing. “Our feeling is that business that just outright close when the minimum wage goes up either weren’t properly operating to begin with or don’t have the support or the know-how and the technical assistance to figure out how to make it work,” said Jayaraman. “I would love these employers that are struggling to be in touch with us and we can provide … peer support, or even potential access to various supports and capital.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jayaraman has organized a group of what she calls “\u003ca href=\"http://rocunited.org/our-work/high-road/\" target=\"_blank\">High Road Restaurants\u003c/a>” within ROC-United. “It’s not only a group of folks that are advocating for better wages and working conditions but it’s also a peer network for employers to learn from one another how to continually raise wages and do the right thing,” she said. In the East Bay, her group includes Arizmendi, Café Gabriela, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/fusebox/\" target=\"_blank\">FuseBOX\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/kainbigan/\" target=\"_blank\">Kain’bigan\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/kingston-11/\" target=\"_blank\">Kingston 11\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/pietisserie/\" target=\"_blank\">PieTisserie\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/sweet-bar-bakery/\" target=\"_blank\">Sweet Bar Bakery\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/tamales-la-oaxaquena/\" target=\"_blank\">Tamales la Oaxaquena\u003c/a>, and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/swans-market/\" target=\"_blank\">Swan’s Marketplace\u003c/a> businesses \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/b-dama/\" target=\"_blank\">B-Dama\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/cosecha/\" target=\"_blank\">Cosecha\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/miss-ollies/\" target=\"_blank\">Miss Ollie’s\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/the-cook-and-her-farmer/\" target=\"_blank\">The Cook and Her Farmer\u003c/a>. Kingston 11, in particular, has been involved in the group. Jayaraman says that the owners Adrian Henderson, Nigel Jones and Andre King came with her to Washington D.C. during the “Fight for 15” rallies on April 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Bednarz, along with Hillyard and several other prominent Oakland restaurateurs like \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/charlie-hallowell/\" target=\"_blank\">Charlie Hallowell\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/pizzaiolo/\" target=\"_blank\">Pizzaiolo\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/penrose/\" target=\"_blank\">Penrose\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/boot-and-shoe-service/\" target=\"_blank\">Boot and Shoe Service\u003c/a>; \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/chris-pastena/\" target=\"_blank\">Chris Pastena\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/chop-bar/\" target=\"_blank\">Chop Bar\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/lungomare/\" target=\"_blank\">Lungomare\u003c/a>; Emily and Scott Goldenberg of Caffe 817; and Allison Arevalo and Erin Wade of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/homeroom/\" target=\"_blank\">Homeroom\u003c/a> teamed up earlier this year to brainstorm ways to adapt their budget and support other small business owners. “I would characterize the group as being a collection of values-driven restaurant owners, folks who are as concerned about fairness as they are about their own personal financial well-being,” said Bednarz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t form it to be an advocacy group or anything, it was more about partnering together,” said Hillyard. “If we wanted to do social marketing stuff together, great. If we just wanted to be a sounding board for ideas for one another, that’s OK too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group’s main objective quickly became clear — education. “We needed to educate the public on why prices were going up and why it’s a good thing because everyone is going to be earning more income,” said Hillyard. “Our customers understood why prices went up and it’s fortunately worked out OK so far.” Member restaurants were active supporters of the Lift Up Oakland campaign, and some, like Bednarz and Hillyard, spoke at rallies and wrote letters to members of Oakland’s government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Speaking for myself personally, and interpreting what I hear and see from other folks, we genuinely give a crap about what is happening in all parts of Oakland,” said Bednarz. “And the last thing that I want to see is small businesses that have been anchors of neighborhoods for decades go out of business because they are unable to adapt to the change in their cost structure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barnes, who works for Bednarz, was so impressed with his employer’s involvement that he, too, got involved. He spoke with other neighborhood restaurants and wrote a letter to the new mayor, Libby Schaff, who was been a vocal supporter of the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best way to help any business struggling with the wage increase, say both Bednarz and Jayaraman, is to continue to support Oakland businesses, especially those in Chinatown. “Visit Chinatown. Remind yourself that it’s full of interesting restaurants and eat at your favorites. Tell the staff that you’d support them even if they raised their prices a bit,” said Bednarz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96358\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/4434448412_6822b151cf_o-720x480.png\" alt=\"Actual Café. \" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96358\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/4434448412_6822b151cf_o-720x480.png 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/4434448412_6822b151cf_o-720x480-400x267.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Actual Café. \u003ccite>(Carrie Cizauskas/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Emeryville set for highest minimum wage in country\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Only three miles but a world away from Chinatown, Oakland’s neighbor to the west has been having minimum wage debates of its own. Last week, Emeryville’s city council unanimously approved a rapid minimum wage increase — from $9 to over $14 per hour — to occur this July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike Oakland’s wage increase, Emeryville’s change did not come about via an election. Instead, the council members drafted and voted on an ordinance to increase the wage on their own, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/berkeley-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\">as they did in Berkeley last year\u003c/a>. The council has accepted public comments at special city council meetings, but did not call for a study of the increase or ask for input other than during meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council’s wage will be, by far, the highest in the country, and it is set to increase almost to $16 per hour by 2019. Despite support for a fair wage, Emeryville small businesses were not supportive of the original proposal, which would have included all businesses with at least 10 employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses with fewer than 10 employees would be able to take a small business exemption and phase in the wage increase over three years. Those who take the exemption would need to match Oakland’s $12.25 wage on July 1; the following year, wages would rise to $13 per hour and continue to increase by one dollar per hour each year until 2019, when the wage would need to match the rest of Emeryville. After push back from business owners like Hillyard, who has 12 employees at his Emeryville location and wouldn’t have qualified for the exemption, the council has amended its proposal to define a small business at 55 employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem, said Hillyard, who opened his Emeryville Farley’s location in 2010, is that the increase is scheduled to go in effect overnight. Hillyard has already raised his prices at his Emeryville location to match those at Farley’s East, but doesn’t believe he could retain his customers with a second price increase this summer. “There would definitely be customer push back at that point. I don’t know what we would do,” he said. “Even our employees are saying, ‘Wow, that’s a big increase. That would be great, but that might be hard for the business.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another concern about Emeryville’s wage increase is that it will shift the economic dynamic between it and other East Bay cities. Employees could theoretically leave jobs in Berkeley or Oakland to go work in Emervyille, while customers could theoretically abandon pricier Emeryville restaurants for others across the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Bendarz explained, it isn’t difficult for potential customers to comparison shop. “A latte is a latte and you can get something fairly similar at plenty of places around town. For customers who are particularly price sensitive, it’s not a big trip for them to go two blocks across the Berkeley border and get a similar drink for less,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to stymie these concerns, Berkeley mayor \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/04/22/berkeley-mayor-proposes-east-bay-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\">Tom Bates proposed a coordinated regional minimum wage\u003c/a> last spring between the East Bay cites of Berkeley, Oakland, Emeryville, Alameda, Albany and El Cerrito. Bates suggested that each neighboring city match Oakland’s wage plan in order to level the playing field between regional businesses. “I don’t want to put our businesses at a disadvantage with regard to neighboring communities. It makes sense for everyone to have the same wage,” he told Berkeleyside in April 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise, Hillyard is in support of a regional approach to wage increase. “It would make it much easier for businesses. For example, [Bednarz’s] Actual Cafe is a block and half away from our Emeryville store. If they’re paying a wage that’s two dollars less per hour that means their prices are going to be less as well and it puts our Emeryville store in a difficult competitive situation. The increase would be a real challenge for Emeryville small businesses,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of October, when Berkeley’s minimum wage went up to $10 per hour, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/10/01/berkeleys-minimum-wage-is-10-starting-today-oct-1/\" target=\"_blank\">Bates was still advocating for a regional wage\u003c/a>. It may happen without actual legislation. Both Oakland and Emeryville’s wage increases have prompted further discussion on the part of Berkeley City Council’s Labor Commission. Last month, the commission proposed a revised minimum wage law that would increase wages to $16 by 2017 and include language similar to Measure FF regarding service charges. The council is expected to consider the proposal June 9; meanwhile Berkeley’s Minimum Wage Initiative Coalition plans on filing for a ballot measure petition should the proposal fall through, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.contracostatimes.com/breaking-news/ci_27775621/berkeley-could-have-16-minimum-wage-by-2017\" target=\"_blank\">Conta Costa Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96359\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Chris-Farleys-SF-720x480.jpg\" alt=\"Chris Hillyard, owner of Farley’s on 65th in Emeryville and Farley’s East in Uptown, supported Measure FF, but has concerns about Emeryville’s proposed wage increase. \" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96359\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Chris-Farleys-SF-720x480.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Chris-Farleys-SF-720x480-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chris Hillyard, owner of Farley’s on 65th in Emeryville and Farley’s East in Uptown, supported Measure FF, but has concerns about Emeryville’s proposed wage increase. \u003ccite>(courtesy Chris Hillyard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Looking to the future: diners encouraged to get involved\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The IRLE is currently researching how Oakland restaurants have adapted to the wage increase. The research center collected data on prices before and after the increase, and, according to Reich, plans to release the research soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the results, Oakland restaurant employees and owners predict more changes to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is such a big picture win for everybody, but any time that there’s a change in the industry, any time there’s a disruption like this, it will have some kind of random effects,” said Porter. “Some might unfortunately take a hit to their business, and that could be me. There’s no guarantee that it won’t be me. So everyone’s a little nervous because you know that when there’s a sea change like this, it’s the roll of the dice could be that it doesn’t work for me short term.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, added Porter, “The only way to make the business sustainable is for price of going out to reflect the price of paying employees in our community enough to live on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pina Kahlo, a barista at the new Speaker Box Café in Uptown, thinks that the minimum wage issue is more complicated. “Minimum wage is going to be minimum wage. The system was never meant to fully take care of [service workers]. It is up to us as individuals to be good neighbors to one another, to see one another as human,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her solution? Stay active and engaged. “Come out for fair wage, come be with people who also think and want to hang out and make friends too. If you are not out being with people who expressly say ‘I am about this thing,’ then you are the one that’s missing out,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Jayaraman encourages diners to continue to participate in the wage discussion. “I would encourage the consuming public to continue to express their support for workers having better wages and working conditions every time they eat out,” she said. “It’s both a way to let restaurants know that customers really value these things, and it’s also a way to express support to employers who are making the change, staying in business, doing it right, not complaining and trying to figure it out. … More than ever we should be supporting Oakland restaurants because they’ve made a huge leap.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The effects of new minimum wages are causing a ripple effect of changes across the East Bay restaurant scene.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1432340055,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":89,"wordCount":6693},"headData":{"title":"East Bay Restaurants Adapt to New Minimum Wage | KQED","description":"The effects of new minimum wages are causing a ripple effect of changes across the East Bay restaurant scene.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"East Bay Restaurants Adapt to New Minimum Wage","datePublished":"2015-05-24T15:00:47.000Z","dateModified":"2015-05-23T00:14:15.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"},"authorsData":[{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_96350","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_96350","name":"Kate Williams, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/berkeleysidenosh/\">Berkeleyside NOSH\u003c/a>","isLoading":false}],"imageData":{"ogImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/IMG_0707-720x540.jpg","width":720,"height":540},"twImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/IMG_0707-720x540.jpg","width":720,"height":540},"twitterCard":"summary_large_image"},"tagData":{"tags":["cost of dining out","minimum wage","tipping"]}},"disqusIdentifier":"96350 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=96350","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/05/24/east-bay-restaurants-adapt-to-new-minimum-wage/","disqusTitle":"East Bay Restaurants Adapt to New Minimum Wage","nprByline":"Kate Williams, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/berkeleysidenosh/\">Berkeleyside NOSH\u003c/a>","path":"/bayareabites/96350/east-bay-restaurants-adapt-to-new-minimum-wage","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On March 2, the city of Oakland raised its minimum wage by 36%. At $12.25 per hour, the new wage is the highest in the country — for now. San Francisco matched this wage on May 1, and Emeryville will leapfrog both cities in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wage increase was voted into law last November as a part of Measure FF. Over 80% of Oakland residents supported the measure. And while all Oakland businesses are now required to abide by the new wage, conversations about its benefits and repercussions have been most active in the restaurant industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restaurants have notoriously small operational budget margins, and are, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/saru-jayaraman/\" target=\"_blank\">Saru Jayaraman\u003c/a>, the co-director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/restaurant-opportunities-centers-united/\" target=\"_blank\">Restaurant Opportunity Centers United\u003c/a> (ROC-United) and director of the Food Labor Research Center at UC Berkeley, one of the largest employers of low-wage workers in the United States. Jayaraman reports that seven out of the ten lowest paying jobs in the country are restaurant jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96353\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Frances-with-Saru-by-Pete-Rosos-720x480.jpg\" alt=\"Saru Jayaraman, seen here speaking with Berkeleyside’s Frances Dinkelspiel at Uncharted 2014, says in the long run wage increases in the restaurant field will be better for business.\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96353\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Frances-with-Saru-by-Pete-Rosos-720x480.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Frances-with-Saru-by-Pete-Rosos-720x480-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Saru Jayaraman, seen here speaking with Berkeleyside’s Frances Dinkelspiel at Uncharted 2014, says in the long run wage increases in the restaurant field will be better for business. \u003ccite>(Pete Rosos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California does, however, have some protections for restaurant workers. Service staff is required to make at least the state minimum wage; they are not permitted to be paid a “tipped minimum” of $2.13 per hour as they are in other states. Still, the state’s minimum wage of $9 per hour doesn’t go very far in the Bay Area’s booming economy. (Indeed, according to \u003ca href=\"http://livingwage.mit.edu/places/0600153000\" target=\"_blank\">MIT’s Living Wage Calculator\u003c/a>, the minimum wage needed to support a single adult in Oakland is over $11; one needs to make over double that number to support even a small family.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been an ongoing problem in the restaurant industry where many of our employees have trouble paying the bills. It is bad for the industry and bad for the community,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/jay-porter/\" target=\"_blank\">Jay Porter\u003c/a>, the owner of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/the-half-orange/\" target=\"_blank\">The Half Orange\u003c/a> in Fruitvale and upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/salsipuedes/\" target=\"_blank\">Salsipuedes\u003c/a> in North Oakland. “When one of your most significant industries as a whole employs people at a sub-living wage, that’s not good for the community. That’s money that’s not circulating in the economy. It also means that there’s a really high turnover. It means that a lot of people are having to work 70 to 80 hours a week to pay the bills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure FF was an attempt to change that problem. The measure not only set Oakland’s minimum wage at $12.25 per hour, but it also added mandatory paid sick leave and provided means for retaliation should employers not follow the new rules. Oakland’s new wage is now also tied to the Consumer Price Index, and it will be allowed to rise each year on January 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restaurant owners have adapted to the wage increase in various ways. Most, like Porter, have simply increased prices to account for the higher labor costs. Other restaurants, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/homestead/\" target=\"_blank\">Homestead,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/dopo/\" target=\"_blank\">Dopo\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/camino/\" target=\"_blank\">Camino\u003c/a> in Oakland, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/comal/\" target=\"_blank\">Comal\u003c/a> in Berkeley, have used this wage increase to re-format their entire wage structure. All four have eliminated tipping and have incorporated the average tip amount (around 20% of the total bill) to the line item charge for each dish on their menus. Still others, like \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/bocanova/\" target=\"_blank\">Bocanova\u003c/a> in Jack London Square, have added a mandatory service charge to their bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These adaptations are part of a larger conversation. Last month saw \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/fight-for-15/\" target=\"_blank\">local and national protests\u003c/a> for a $15 minimum wage. Measure FF has prompted many restaurants to reconsider tipping and fair pay between employees. Small, non-English speaking food businesses are closing, or considering it. Emeryville is considering an historically large wage bump — from $9 per hour to over $14. And everyone, especially restaurant workers, are reconsidering what, exactly, a fair wage means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96354\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/JayPorter-KatieMayfield.jpg\" alt=\"Jay Porter and Katie Mayfield own The Half Orange and forthcoming Salsipuedes. Porter has been an advocate for disrupting the traditional tipping systems in restaurants. \" width=\"720\" height=\"503\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96354\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/JayPorter-KatieMayfield.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/JayPorter-KatieMayfield-400x279.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jay Porter and Katie Mayfield own The Half Orange and forthcoming Salsipuedes. Porter has been an advocate for disrupting the traditional tipping systems in restaurants. \u003ccite>(Jay Porter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Increases better for business?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/institute-for-research-on-labor-and-employment/\" target=\"_blank\">Institute for Research on Labor and Employment\u003c/a> (IRLE) prepared a policy brief on the Oakland measure last June. The research suggested that restaurants and retail businesses would likely be most affected by the increase, but restaurants would only need to raise their prices by 2.5%. Authors Michael Reich, Ken Jacobs, Annette Berndardt and Ian Perry suggested that reduced employee turnover costs and improved work performance would make up for increased labor costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, most of the restaurant owners we have spoken to have all raised their prices much more than 2.5%. Chris Hillyard of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/farleys-east/\" target=\"_blank\">Farley’s\u003c/a> coffee shops in Uptown and in Emeryville raised his prices between 5% and 15%, depending on the item. \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/sal-bednarz/\" target=\"_blank\">Sal Bednarz\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/actual-cafe/\" target=\"_blank\">Actual Café\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/victory-burger/\" target=\"_blank\">Victory Burger\u003c/a> gave most of his items at 9% bump. Porter’s prices went up around 15%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is clear that the researchers missed some of the important parts of the picture. They talked about a restaurant price increase of 3%. That still may be the average price increase, but for the small restaurants that I’m talking to, none of us can do it for 3%, none of us,” said Bednarz. “A lot of us are doing double digit price increases, much more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hillyard noted labor costs are more complicated than the direct wage cost. “There are also sick days. Plus workers compensation goes up because your payroll costs have gone up,” he said. Indeed, the IRLE report didn’t include the increased costs of paid sick leave. However, Reich noted in an email that Oakland area restaurant prices have been increasing around 2.4% per year, which makes these bumps part of a general trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these price increases, most Oakland restaurants are still doing what they do best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our revenue is up a bit, and our customer traffic is close to what it was before we made the changes. We’ve had a lot of customers who have noticed the price increases. Some already understood why [they were] going up, some didn’t,” said Bednarz. “My crew was well equipped to educate them and had good conversations across the counter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Bednarz did report that his morning coffee business has been a bit slower than usual. “Who knows what that is. It could be something like our customers are driving a different direction to get to work or that schools in the neighborhood have different hours this week. In a few weeks it may come back, but it may not.” Porter and Hillyard also report fairly consistent business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jayaraman says that in the long run, the wage increase will be better for business. “The economy is going to do better. I think we’re going to see better restaurants, better service, better food. I think we’re going to see actually faster job growth. That’s what we’ve seen everywhere else every time the wage has gone up,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another IRLE overview report on local minimum wage laws said that wage increases do increase the spending power of employees and that they do typically spend that extra money. The authors did note, however, that research still needs to be done to estimate the economic stimulus created by this new spending power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps just as important as spending power is employee morale. “You’re going to have healthier workers because they have paid sick days. You’re going to have happier workers because they’re better paid. You’re going to have better service. It’s going to be good for everybody,” said Jayaraman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, as Bednarz explained, these changes will not happen overnight. His employees received their first increased pay check three weeks after restaurants instated higher prices. “That’s a number of weeks of lag,” he said. “The folks who are coming to a place like mine in the morning are coming up for their morning coffee, and they’re often daily customers. A small increase in what they’re paying, that increases five times. It accumulates. I’m not saying that these people don’t care about what we’re doing, but they may not be able to afford to care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96355\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/IMG_2339.jpg\" alt=\"Sandwiches at Victory Burger have gone up in price by around 9% after the wage increase went into effect.\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96355\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/IMG_2339.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/IMG_2339-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandwiches at Victory Burger have gone up in price by around 9% after the wage increase went into effect. \u003ccite>(Emilie Raguso)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Front of house or back of the house? Unequal pay\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Historically, there have been three different wage structures in place in restaurants. Employees in the “back of the house” — cooks, dishwashers, bussers — make a single hourly wage without tips. Those in the “front of the house” — servers and hosts — make an hourly minimum plus tips on their bills. Managers usually get a salary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because California doesn’t allow for a tipped minimum, front-of-house workers typically take home far more income than the cooks and dishwashers in the back of the house — even if the back-of-the-house workers are making more than the minimum wage. This means that, even if all employees get a wage increase, the front of house still stands to bring home substantially more income. If prices increase, tips will increase as well, further increasing take-home pay. (Some restaurant owners we spoke to, like Porter, gave everyone a raise, while others, like Bednarz, raised wages only for those making below $12.25, with a few exceptions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a high-end restaurant where diners are tipping 20% on a $100 tab, the profits for servers can be very high. “I understand that for servers in places that they’re still getting tipped, they’re making a killing,” said Tim Veatch, a cook at Camino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is a fairly common practice for restaurants to “pool” tips at the end of service and divide up the total among employees. Typically under this system, servers take home a higher proportion of the tip, while back-of-the-house employees get a smaller percentage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s labor code makes this practice a little more complicated. It does allow for tip pooling, but the original legislation says that tips must go to those who are in a “direct line of service.” However, in 2009, the California Supreme Court ruled on several cases that challenged the wording of the legislation. In Etheridge v. Reins International, the court held that all employees in the “chain of service” are eligible to receive a share of tips, which included dishwashers and other members of the kitchen staff. In Budrow v. Dave & Busters, the court expanded that idea to say that the decision regarding who can participate in the tip pool can be “based on a reasonable assessment of the patron’s intentions.” The differences between a “direct line of” and “chain of” service aren’t exactly clear-cut, and the definition of a “reasonable assessment” is open to legal interpretation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each restaurant owner that we spoke to said that they try to balance wages between the front and back of the house as best as possible, but have been wary of violating the law. When Hillyard and his wife and co-owner Amy Hillyard opened Farley’s, the pair intentionally gave their cooks the job of delivering food to customers so that they could legally participate in the tip pool. Bednarz says that he has always pooled tips and has suggested raising the tip share between employees, but the final say came down to the employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a legal minefield that we’re trying to maneuver here as we try to do right. And there are lots of ways that we can do wrong,” said Bednarz. “My interest is in making sure that the staff also feels like it is fair. None of the front of house crew, who have to give up a little bit more of what they take in, is unhappy to give a little bit more of it to the kitchen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the reason for their willingness, Bednarz added, is because tip amounts have gone up along with prices. “Prices go up, tips go up, a lot more of the crew get to share more deeply in the pool of tips, and effectively everybody gets a raise,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When California’s state minimum wage rose from $8 per hour to $9 in July 2014, Camino owners \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/russell-moore/\" target=\"_blank\">Russell Moore\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/allison-hopelain/\" target=\"_blank\">Allison Hopelain\u003c/a> made attempts to encourage the service staff to distribute tips. Unlike Bendarz’s employees, they chose not to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was around the time that Veatch started working at the restaurant. “Russ and Allison had made a few attempts to allow the service staff to give us larger portions of the tipped money that was coming in, to cut the kitchen in,” he said. “But the law dictates that you, as the manager of a restaurant, are not allowed to distribute a server’s tips. They have to do that for themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veatch believes this system to be entirely inequitable. “The real issue is that the money from tips is part of the kitchen’s doing. That imbalance has always bothered me, as someone who puts the hours in and who puts the passion in. Then there are other people who can walk in, serve your passion and walk out with two times the amount of money that you made in half the time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fact was part of Moore’s impetus for completely re-formatting his pay structure. “I was tired of the semi-legal prospect of trying to get the waiters to tip out more to the back of the house or trying to alter the tip pool,” he said. “We all know it’s sort of a grey area.” As of January 31, Camino no longer accepts tips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96356\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Russell-Moore-720x539.jpg\" alt=\"Russell Moore, co-owner of Camino: “Why don’t we just charge people what it costs to eat at our restaurant?” \" width=\"720\" height=\"539\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96356\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Russell-Moore-720x539.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Russell-Moore-720x539-400x299.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Russell Moore, co-owner of Camino: “Why don’t we just charge people what it costs to eat at our restaurant?” \u003ccite>(Courtesy Russell Moore)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>The not-so-simple question of tipping\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Moore and Hopelain had always wanted to eliminate tips. Before opening Camino, Moore worked at \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/chez-panisse/\" target=\"_blank\">Chez Panisse\u003c/a>, where there is a 17% service charge on all bills. He and Hopelain wanted to take this principle one step further and incorporate that charge into the cost of the dishes. But, he said, “we kind of chickened out. We were going to be in this weird stretch of Oakland and back then there weren’t many restaurants opening there.” The pair instead instated a regular tipping system with a tip pool. They kept all front of house employees at the same wage, where they all shared tasks and tips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Moore said, “As minimum wage has been going up, we’ve thought more and more about how we could change it and what we could do.” They entertained the idea of adding a service charge, as at Chez Panisse, but changed their mind once they read the wording of Measure FF. According to the measure, service charges “shall be paid over in their entirety to the Hospitality Workers performing services for the customers.” The measure also stipulates that supervisors and owners could not take in any of the service charges. Moore was concerned that he wouldn’t legally be able to divide a service charge with the back of the house workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It didn’t seem like we could cleanly have a service charge and cleanly decide where all that money goes,” he said. “So we thought, ‘Why don’t we just charge people what it costs to eat at our restaurant?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of Camino’s menus advertises its tip-less system in bold type. And the dishes themselves are significantly more expensive — more than 20% — than they were before the change. The increased item price goes directly to paying employees’ higher wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, says Moore, there hasn’t been any backlash from customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Host Hannah Rice is often the first person to explain the new system to guests. “I thought people wouldn’t be so accepting. But everyone has been really excited about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veatch has been in to eat in the restaurant on his days off and he says that his friends find it exciting. “They’re like, ‘Oh there’s no tip!’ There’s confusion as to what you’re supposed to do, but I talk them through it,” he said. “I think everyone has really accepted it as a beneficial form of dining. You just get to sign your check and leave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porter says that models like Camino’s have been met with criticism from labor activists because “they say it removes money from the pockets of servers and that is against the intent of Measure FF.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, notes Jayaraman, “The impetus to move more and more towards living wages paid by the employer as opposed to by consumer tips is a good thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore admits that he did lose servers over the wage change. “For some of our more experienced servers, this just gave them the impetus to do that other career that they wanted to do, start that business, go back to school, or do something else. They didn’t leave with ill will,” he said. “A couple went to other restaurants to make more money. But everyone gave lots of notice and we had plenty of time and at the end of the day, we have a really great staff, front and back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has tried to combat employee turnover by increasing hours and reformatting the wage structure to encourage employees to work for promotion. Importantly, Moore says that the current wage structure incentivizes his servers to work five days a week, which qualifies them for health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Servers’ wages are also more predictable, he said. “I’ve always hated that feeling that servers are guns for hire. Like, ‘Oh it’s going to be a slow night, let’s cut them. Things are dying down, let’s send them home,’” he said. “Our selling points to servers were, ‘Yes, on a good Saturday night you’ll make less money. But on a slow Saturday brunch you’re going to make more.’” On those slow days, Moore gives the front of house staff other tasks to do, such as helping with kitchen prep work, in order for them to keep their hours up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore has also built in a growth track for his front of house employees. Typically, servers do not want to get promoted to a management position, he said, because that salary pays less than the server was making in tips. Plus, in his old system, all servers were paid the same. Now he gives servers with more experience a higher starting wage. “There’s incentive for the new server to learn more and become a better server and manager,” he said. “Like any other job in the world, you can get a raise, or you can not get a raise. We can manage people like you can manage people in any other line of work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice was hired before the change, and she decided to stay on, despite losing her tips. “Overall I probably make less, but I’m OK with that. I think it is the right thing to do,” she said. “The minimum wage should be helping everyone, and with tips it is only really helping the front of the house. The dishwashers and the bussers get left behind. Everyone works together, so for one person to be making more is unfair.” Rice added that she would be happy to work at another restaurant with a similar tipless pay structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, though, she hopes to continue to work and move up the ranks at the restaurant. “They’re providing a chance for everyone to move around and be familiar with other parts of the restaurant,” she said. “We get to see different sides of the restaurant and experience a different position.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, Cabril Barnes, a manager at both Actual Café and Victory Burger, says that he would be one of those servers to leave if tips had been eliminated at his restaurant. “Tips are definitely an incentive. I personally would not want to work in a place without tips and work just for a flat base rate,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the staffing changes, Moore and his employees all report that the restaurant’s service has improved. “We have a better sense of teamwork now,” said Rice. “Guests are looking closer at our service and they’re applauding us. Everyone is noticing positive effects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porter has long been an advocate for eliminating tips. He famously did so at his San Diego restaurant, The Linkery. “The idea that servers are motivated by tips is an enormous fallacy that has been totally disproven,” he said. “Great servers, as long as they are well-compensated, are going to do great work without tipping incentives. It turns out that that is pretty much how every other American works. When you’re fairly compensated, you’re going to do great work out of your own personal pride and the joy of doing great work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, Moore reports that his servers feel just like that. “The servers said something curious the other day at staff meal. They said, ‘There’s something about this which makes everything feel more professional. It makes it feel less like I’m putting on an act for a customer in the hopes that they might tip me. It’s more like I have an incentive to just do a really good job.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bednarz agrees. “You can argue all day long about how tips deviate based on the level of service or product that we give — they don’t. On a crappy day, our tips are just as good as on a good day. We know when we’re screwing up on the floor and when we’re kicking ass. And tips are mostly the same,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, Moore’s back of the house team is pleased with the changes. “The cooks got raises and they’re excited that we’ve taken an interest in making it so they can keep living here. Our cooking crew has always been fairly solid, but now it’s really solid,” said Moore. “We pay more than almost anyone now. It’s still not enough, but it’s getting there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Added Veatch, “I’ve been in the industry for ten years and I’ve never worked at a restaurant that was more respectful for my hours, did more to pay me for the moments that I’m in there, and cared more for me from a quality-of-life perspective and a cost of living perspective than Camino. I would never go back to a restaurant with a traditional tipping system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore hopes that more restaurants will see Camino’s success and mimic their payment approach. “What I would love is for the restaurants that are really busy and popular, that make more money, for them to make the change,” he said. “But I think they’re nervous about losing their floor staff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be a really big change, and there’s going to be a big transition,” Moore continued. “I think the ‘no tipping’ model might be the model because I think customers are going to get tired of weird charges at restaurants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice agrees. “I think that we’re going to be seeing a lot of less traditional restaurant [pay structures] over time. We’ll be seeing more restaurants that are adopting what Camino is doing,” said Rice. “Restaurants are also becoming more professional than they were before, which is a big deal for the Bay Area because restaurants are such a big part of our economy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, Moore is pleased with the change. “It’s sort of scary being the test case but Allison and I are super happy with it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96357\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/7373492948_4ac0b22e13_k-720x540.jpg\" alt=\"Chinatown’s Legendary Palace shut down earlier this year.\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96357\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/7373492948_4ac0b22e13_k-720x540.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/7373492948_4ac0b22e13_k-720x540-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chinatown’s Legendary Palace shut down earlier this year. \u003ccite>( sfbaywalk/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Wages increase and Chinatown struggles\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Other restaurateurs in Oakland have not been as happy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, stories in on \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/Its-the-Final-Nail-to-the-Coffin-Chinatown-Businesses-Struggle-Over-Oaklands-New-Minimum-Wage-296527421.html\" target=\"_blank\">NBC Bay Area\u003c/a>, on \u003ca href=\"http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2015/03/16/minimum-wage-hike-hits-oakland-chinatown-shop-restaurant-owners-hard/\" target=\"_blank\">CBS SF Bay Area\u003c/a>, and in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Minimum-wage-hike-hurts-Oakland-Chinatown-6133798.php\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> documented struggles in Oakland’s Chinatown. The Chronicle reported that four restaurants and six grocery stores in and around Chinatown closed in advance of the wage hike, including Legendary Palace, a popular banquet restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Bednarz, who has been working with the Chinatown Chamber of Commerce, says the problem in Chinatown is greater than the repercussions of increased labor costs. “There’s kind of a perfect storm going on in Chinatown. The port strike really hurt during Chinese New Year. There is the competition around Chinatown. Other cities now have more Asian markets and restaurants popping up so that people that used to commute to Chinatown to do their shopping now sometimes do it in their home city. Real-estate prices are starting to go up,” he said. “And now there’s this wage increase.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinatown restaurants have generally not followed the same trends as the newer, pricier restaurants in booming parts of Oakland. Instead, they have succeeded based on providing food and other goods at super-low prices. According to Bednarz, it is this pricing structure that may be these businesses’ downfall. “It’s apparent that some Chinatown businesses might need to find other strategies to differentiate themselves. Rather than using price as the primary means to compete, they may need to focus on service and product instead,” Bednarz wrote in an \u003ca href=\"http://oaklandlocal.com/2015/04/oakland-minimum-wage-part-3-a-perfect-storm-in-chinatown-community-voices/\" target=\"_blank\">op-ed for Oakland Local\u003c/a>. “They might need to use different marketing strategies to reach non-Chinese customers, but need to do this carefully so they don’t alienate their Chinese neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jayaraman takes a harder stance. She points out that all restaurants have to refigure their budgets for all sorts of unexpected price increases, such as food costs or rental agreements. “When other costs go up and you see a business close, the public doesn’t say, ‘Oh well, that means we should have kept food costs artificially down.’ They say, ‘That’s too bad the restaurant couldn’t figure out how to make it work,’” she said. “Why is it that with wages alone, as opposed to every other cost, we say, ‘We should artificially depress wages to help out these business owners?’ We don’t say that with food costs, we don’t say that with supplier costs of any other kind. We can’t say that with human costs either. Human costs have so much greater impact on so many more people than all the other costs that a restaurant has to pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Bednarz and Jayaraman agree that outreach and business support will go a long way to preventing more businesses from closing. “Our feeling is that business that just outright close when the minimum wage goes up either weren’t properly operating to begin with or don’t have the support or the know-how and the technical assistance to figure out how to make it work,” said Jayaraman. “I would love these employers that are struggling to be in touch with us and we can provide … peer support, or even potential access to various supports and capital.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jayaraman has organized a group of what she calls “\u003ca href=\"http://rocunited.org/our-work/high-road/\" target=\"_blank\">High Road Restaurants\u003c/a>” within ROC-United. “It’s not only a group of folks that are advocating for better wages and working conditions but it’s also a peer network for employers to learn from one another how to continually raise wages and do the right thing,” she said. In the East Bay, her group includes Arizmendi, Café Gabriela, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/fusebox/\" target=\"_blank\">FuseBOX\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/kainbigan/\" target=\"_blank\">Kain’bigan\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/kingston-11/\" target=\"_blank\">Kingston 11\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/pietisserie/\" target=\"_blank\">PieTisserie\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/sweet-bar-bakery/\" target=\"_blank\">Sweet Bar Bakery\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/tamales-la-oaxaquena/\" target=\"_blank\">Tamales la Oaxaquena\u003c/a>, and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/swans-market/\" target=\"_blank\">Swan’s Marketplace\u003c/a> businesses \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/b-dama/\" target=\"_blank\">B-Dama\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/cosecha/\" target=\"_blank\">Cosecha\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/miss-ollies/\" target=\"_blank\">Miss Ollie’s\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/the-cook-and-her-farmer/\" target=\"_blank\">The Cook and Her Farmer\u003c/a>. Kingston 11, in particular, has been involved in the group. Jayaraman says that the owners Adrian Henderson, Nigel Jones and Andre King came with her to Washington D.C. during the “Fight for 15” rallies on April 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Bednarz, along with Hillyard and several other prominent Oakland restaurateurs like \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/charlie-hallowell/\" target=\"_blank\">Charlie Hallowell\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/pizzaiolo/\" target=\"_blank\">Pizzaiolo\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/penrose/\" target=\"_blank\">Penrose\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/boot-and-shoe-service/\" target=\"_blank\">Boot and Shoe Service\u003c/a>; \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/chris-pastena/\" target=\"_blank\">Chris Pastena\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/chop-bar/\" target=\"_blank\">Chop Bar\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/lungomare/\" target=\"_blank\">Lungomare\u003c/a>; Emily and Scott Goldenberg of Caffe 817; and Allison Arevalo and Erin Wade of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/homeroom/\" target=\"_blank\">Homeroom\u003c/a> teamed up earlier this year to brainstorm ways to adapt their budget and support other small business owners. “I would characterize the group as being a collection of values-driven restaurant owners, folks who are as concerned about fairness as they are about their own personal financial well-being,” said Bednarz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t form it to be an advocacy group or anything, it was more about partnering together,” said Hillyard. “If we wanted to do social marketing stuff together, great. If we just wanted to be a sounding board for ideas for one another, that’s OK too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group’s main objective quickly became clear — education. “We needed to educate the public on why prices were going up and why it’s a good thing because everyone is going to be earning more income,” said Hillyard. “Our customers understood why prices went up and it’s fortunately worked out OK so far.” Member restaurants were active supporters of the Lift Up Oakland campaign, and some, like Bednarz and Hillyard, spoke at rallies and wrote letters to members of Oakland’s government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Speaking for myself personally, and interpreting what I hear and see from other folks, we genuinely give a crap about what is happening in all parts of Oakland,” said Bednarz. “And the last thing that I want to see is small businesses that have been anchors of neighborhoods for decades go out of business because they are unable to adapt to the change in their cost structure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barnes, who works for Bednarz, was so impressed with his employer’s involvement that he, too, got involved. He spoke with other neighborhood restaurants and wrote a letter to the new mayor, Libby Schaff, who was been a vocal supporter of the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best way to help any business struggling with the wage increase, say both Bednarz and Jayaraman, is to continue to support Oakland businesses, especially those in Chinatown. “Visit Chinatown. Remind yourself that it’s full of interesting restaurants and eat at your favorites. Tell the staff that you’d support them even if they raised their prices a bit,” said Bednarz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96358\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/4434448412_6822b151cf_o-720x480.png\" alt=\"Actual Café. \" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96358\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/4434448412_6822b151cf_o-720x480.png 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/4434448412_6822b151cf_o-720x480-400x267.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Actual Café. \u003ccite>(Carrie Cizauskas/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Emeryville set for highest minimum wage in country\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Only three miles but a world away from Chinatown, Oakland’s neighbor to the west has been having minimum wage debates of its own. Last week, Emeryville’s city council unanimously approved a rapid minimum wage increase — from $9 to over $14 per hour — to occur this July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike Oakland’s wage increase, Emeryville’s change did not come about via an election. Instead, the council members drafted and voted on an ordinance to increase the wage on their own, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/berkeley-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\">as they did in Berkeley last year\u003c/a>. The council has accepted public comments at special city council meetings, but did not call for a study of the increase or ask for input other than during meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council’s wage will be, by far, the highest in the country, and it is set to increase almost to $16 per hour by 2019. Despite support for a fair wage, Emeryville small businesses were not supportive of the original proposal, which would have included all businesses with at least 10 employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses with fewer than 10 employees would be able to take a small business exemption and phase in the wage increase over three years. Those who take the exemption would need to match Oakland’s $12.25 wage on July 1; the following year, wages would rise to $13 per hour and continue to increase by one dollar per hour each year until 2019, when the wage would need to match the rest of Emeryville. After push back from business owners like Hillyard, who has 12 employees at his Emeryville location and wouldn’t have qualified for the exemption, the council has amended its proposal to define a small business at 55 employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem, said Hillyard, who opened his Emeryville Farley’s location in 2010, is that the increase is scheduled to go in effect overnight. Hillyard has already raised his prices at his Emeryville location to match those at Farley’s East, but doesn’t believe he could retain his customers with a second price increase this summer. “There would definitely be customer push back at that point. I don’t know what we would do,” he said. “Even our employees are saying, ‘Wow, that’s a big increase. That would be great, but that might be hard for the business.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another concern about Emeryville’s wage increase is that it will shift the economic dynamic between it and other East Bay cities. Employees could theoretically leave jobs in Berkeley or Oakland to go work in Emervyille, while customers could theoretically abandon pricier Emeryville restaurants for others across the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Bendarz explained, it isn’t difficult for potential customers to comparison shop. “A latte is a latte and you can get something fairly similar at plenty of places around town. For customers who are particularly price sensitive, it’s not a big trip for them to go two blocks across the Berkeley border and get a similar drink for less,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to stymie these concerns, Berkeley mayor \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/04/22/berkeley-mayor-proposes-east-bay-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\">Tom Bates proposed a coordinated regional minimum wage\u003c/a> last spring between the East Bay cites of Berkeley, Oakland, Emeryville, Alameda, Albany and El Cerrito. Bates suggested that each neighboring city match Oakland’s wage plan in order to level the playing field between regional businesses. “I don’t want to put our businesses at a disadvantage with regard to neighboring communities. It makes sense for everyone to have the same wage,” he told Berkeleyside in April 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise, Hillyard is in support of a regional approach to wage increase. “It would make it much easier for businesses. For example, [Bednarz’s] Actual Cafe is a block and half away from our Emeryville store. If they’re paying a wage that’s two dollars less per hour that means their prices are going to be less as well and it puts our Emeryville store in a difficult competitive situation. The increase would be a real challenge for Emeryville small businesses,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of October, when Berkeley’s minimum wage went up to $10 per hour, \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/10/01/berkeleys-minimum-wage-is-10-starting-today-oct-1/\" target=\"_blank\">Bates was still advocating for a regional wage\u003c/a>. It may happen without actual legislation. Both Oakland and Emeryville’s wage increases have prompted further discussion on the part of Berkeley City Council’s Labor Commission. Last month, the commission proposed a revised minimum wage law that would increase wages to $16 by 2017 and include language similar to Measure FF regarding service charges. The council is expected to consider the proposal June 9; meanwhile Berkeley’s Minimum Wage Initiative Coalition plans on filing for a ballot measure petition should the proposal fall through, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.contracostatimes.com/breaking-news/ci_27775621/berkeley-could-have-16-minimum-wage-by-2017\" target=\"_blank\">Conta Costa Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96359\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Chris-Farleys-SF-720x480.jpg\" alt=\"Chris Hillyard, owner of Farley’s on 65th in Emeryville and Farley’s East in Uptown, supported Measure FF, but has concerns about Emeryville’s proposed wage increase. \" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-full wp-image-96359\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Chris-Farleys-SF-720x480.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/05/Chris-Farleys-SF-720x480-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chris Hillyard, owner of Farley’s on 65th in Emeryville and Farley’s East in Uptown, supported Measure FF, but has concerns about Emeryville’s proposed wage increase. \u003ccite>(courtesy Chris Hillyard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Looking to the future: diners encouraged to get involved\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The IRLE is currently researching how Oakland restaurants have adapted to the wage increase. The research center collected data on prices before and after the increase, and, according to Reich, plans to release the research soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the results, Oakland restaurant employees and owners predict more changes to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is such a big picture win for everybody, but any time that there’s a change in the industry, any time there’s a disruption like this, it will have some kind of random effects,” said Porter. “Some might unfortunately take a hit to their business, and that could be me. There’s no guarantee that it won’t be me. So everyone’s a little nervous because you know that when there’s a sea change like this, it’s the roll of the dice could be that it doesn’t work for me short term.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, added Porter, “The only way to make the business sustainable is for price of going out to reflect the price of paying employees in our community enough to live on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pina Kahlo, a barista at the new Speaker Box Café in Uptown, thinks that the minimum wage issue is more complicated. “Minimum wage is going to be minimum wage. The system was never meant to fully take care of [service workers]. It is up to us as individuals to be good neighbors to one another, to see one another as human,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her solution? Stay active and engaged. “Come out for fair wage, come be with people who also think and want to hang out and make friends too. If you are not out being with people who expressly say ‘I am about this thing,’ then you are the one that’s missing out,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Jayaraman encourages diners to continue to participate in the wage discussion. “I would encourage the consuming public to continue to express their support for workers having better wages and working conditions every time they eat out,” she said. “It’s both a way to let restaurants know that customers really value these things, and it’s also a way to express support to employers who are making the change, staying in business, doing it right, not complaining and trying to figure it out. … More than ever we should be supporting Oakland restaurants because they’ve made a huge leap.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/96350/east-bay-restaurants-adapt-to-new-minimum-wage","authors":["byline_bayareabites_96350"],"categories":["bayareabites_109","bayareabites_13813","bayareabites_8770","bayareabites_1962","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_1875"],"tags":["bayareabites_14506","bayareabites_11505","bayareabites_1147"],"featImg":"bayareabites_96352","label":"bayareabites","isLoading":false,"hasAllInfo":true}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. 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