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"content": "\u003cp>Federal immigration authorities detain hundreds of thousands of people every year, but officials are unaware of how many of those individuals are parents, in violation of their agency’s own policy, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-20-36?utm_source=onepager&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=email_hsj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new report\u003c/a> by a government watchdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials could not readily search or aggregate data to identify all detained parents or legal guardians, including those with U.S.-born children, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Gretta Goodwin, U.S. Government Accountability Office\"]‘ICE is not able to account for the overall impact of its enforcement actions on U.S. citizen or legal permanent resident minors whose parents or legal guardians have been detained.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE is not able to account for the overall impact of its enforcement actions on U.S. citizen or legal permanent resident minors whose parents or legal guardians have been detained,” said Gretta Goodwin, who directs the U.S. Government Accountability Office’s Homeland Security and Justice team, and led the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s own \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/detention-reform/pdf/directiveDetainedParents.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">guidelines\u003c/a>, adopted in the summer of 2017, spell out that its staff must be aware of the potential impact that arresting, detaining and deporting immigrants could have on children who are U.S. citizens or green card holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Detentions by ICE totaled nearly 440,000 nationwide in 2018, about 30% higher than in 2015, according to the report. The watchdog agency also found that the number of detainees who have disabilities, are transgender individuals or are nursing and pregnant women also increased during that period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GAO review, published on Dec. 5, was requested by Rep. Zoe Lofgren, a San Jose Democrat, who chairs the House Judiciary’s Subcommittee on Immigration and Citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although ICE collects information on some parents and legal guardians, it does so only for individual cases that require accommodations, such as child visits to detention centers or transportation for parents to attend child welfare hearings, said Britney Walker, an agency spokeswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those cases represent only a small proportion of all parents in ICE custody, according to officials quoted in the GAO report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE does not have any requirement or need to aggregate or instantaneously pull data on the parent or legal guardian population, and doing so would not better inform ICE’s decision-making processes,” said Walker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, about 750,000 students in grades K-12 have undocumented immigrant parents who are at risk of arrest by ICE, according to \u003ca href=\"https://29v0kg31gs803wndhe1sj1hd-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2015/11/ETW_CA-Undocumented-Students-What-You-Need-to-Know-FINAL-April-2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an analysis\u003c/a> by The Education Trust—West, an Oakland-based think tank focused on academic equity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knowing the total number of detained immigrant parents could help shape policies to address the needs of families in California and the rest of the country, said Bill Hing, a professor at the University of San Francisco School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"family-separation\"]\u003cbr>\n“Without that information, we don’t know the extent of family separations that result from ICE enforcement policies,” said Hing. “It’s very important to inform ICE’s decision-making process, to know the data and to be able to have that information quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding out if arrested immigrants have children could lead ICE to detain parents closer to home or allow them to remain free while their cases are decided in immigration court, said Abigail Trillin, who directs Legal Services for Children in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trillin said she also feared that such questioning could lead to immigration enforcement against more children\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to be cautious about any line of inquiry that gets into the immigration status of anyone, especially children,” said Trillin. “Because in our current immigration climate we don’t want any inquiry that could lead to more detentions, more deportations and ultimately family separations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the final years of President Obama’s administration, immigration enforcement was focused on arresting and deporting convicted criminals and people considered threats to national security. But in the first week of his term, President Trump greatly expanded those targets to include any noncitizen who is charged with a crime, or did something that could be charged as a crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE produces semi-annual reports to Congress on the total number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/ICE%20-%20Deportation%20of%20Aliens%20Claiming%20U.S.%20-Born%20Children%20-%20Second%20Half%2C%20CY%202017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deported parents\u003c/a> of children who are U.S. citizens by manually reviewing its records. But those statistics miss many arrested parents who are still in custody or who opted to leave the country without formal deportation proceedings, said Hing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a parent is detained or deported, a child is much more likely to suffer anxiety and depression, as well as economic instability, \u003ca href=\"https://americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/us-citizen-children-impacted-immigration-enforcement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to\u003c/a> the American Immigration Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s guidelines direct officers who encounter children while making an arrest to try to allow the parent to arrange for someone else to care for their kids before agents call a child welfare agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 5,000 U.S. citizen children with parents who were deported or detained lived in foster care in 2011, \u003ca href=\"https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/alfresco/publication-exhibits/2000405/2000405-Implications-of-Immigration-Enforcement-Activities-for-the-Well-Being-of-Children-in-Immigrant-Families.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to\u003c/a> a national study by the Urban Institute and the Migration Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The U.S. Government Accountability Office found that immigration officials cannot readily search or aggregate data to identify all detained parents or legal guardians, including those with U.S.-born children.",
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"title": "Government Watchdog: ICE Isn't Tracking All the Parents It Detains | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Federal immigration authorities detain hundreds of thousands of people every year, but officials are unaware of how many of those individuals are parents, in violation of their agency’s own policy, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-20-36?utm_source=onepager&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=email_hsj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new report\u003c/a> by a government watchdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials could not readily search or aggregate data to identify all detained parents or legal guardians, including those with U.S.-born children, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE is not able to account for the overall impact of its enforcement actions on U.S. citizen or legal permanent resident minors whose parents or legal guardians have been detained,” said Gretta Goodwin, who directs the U.S. Government Accountability Office’s Homeland Security and Justice team, and led the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s own \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/detention-reform/pdf/directiveDetainedParents.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">guidelines\u003c/a>, adopted in the summer of 2017, spell out that its staff must be aware of the potential impact that arresting, detaining and deporting immigrants could have on children who are U.S. citizens or green card holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Detentions by ICE totaled nearly 440,000 nationwide in 2018, about 30% higher than in 2015, according to the report. The watchdog agency also found that the number of detainees who have disabilities, are transgender individuals or are nursing and pregnant women also increased during that period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GAO review, published on Dec. 5, was requested by Rep. Zoe Lofgren, a San Jose Democrat, who chairs the House Judiciary’s Subcommittee on Immigration and Citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although ICE collects information on some parents and legal guardians, it does so only for individual cases that require accommodations, such as child visits to detention centers or transportation for parents to attend child welfare hearings, said Britney Walker, an agency spokeswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those cases represent only a small proportion of all parents in ICE custody, according to officials quoted in the GAO report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE does not have any requirement or need to aggregate or instantaneously pull data on the parent or legal guardian population, and doing so would not better inform ICE’s decision-making processes,” said Walker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, about 750,000 students in grades K-12 have undocumented immigrant parents who are at risk of arrest by ICE, according to \u003ca href=\"https://29v0kg31gs803wndhe1sj1hd-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2015/11/ETW_CA-Undocumented-Students-What-You-Need-to-Know-FINAL-April-2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an analysis\u003c/a> by The Education Trust—West, an Oakland-based think tank focused on academic equity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knowing the total number of detained immigrant parents could help shape policies to address the needs of families in California and the rest of the country, said Bill Hing, a professor at the University of San Francisco School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“Without that information, we don’t know the extent of family separations that result from ICE enforcement policies,” said Hing. “It’s very important to inform ICE’s decision-making process, to know the data and to be able to have that information quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding out if arrested immigrants have children could lead ICE to detain parents closer to home or allow them to remain free while their cases are decided in immigration court, said Abigail Trillin, who directs Legal Services for Children in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trillin said she also feared that such questioning could lead to immigration enforcement against more children\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to be cautious about any line of inquiry that gets into the immigration status of anyone, especially children,” said Trillin. “Because in our current immigration climate we don’t want any inquiry that could lead to more detentions, more deportations and ultimately family separations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the final years of President Obama’s administration, immigration enforcement was focused on arresting and deporting convicted criminals and people considered threats to national security. But in the first week of his term, President Trump greatly expanded those targets to include any noncitizen who is charged with a crime, or did something that could be charged as a crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE produces semi-annual reports to Congress on the total number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/ICE%20-%20Deportation%20of%20Aliens%20Claiming%20U.S.%20-Born%20Children%20-%20Second%20Half%2C%20CY%202017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deported parents\u003c/a> of children who are U.S. citizens by manually reviewing its records. But those statistics miss many arrested parents who are still in custody or who opted to leave the country without formal deportation proceedings, said Hing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a parent is detained or deported, a child is much more likely to suffer anxiety and depression, as well as economic instability, \u003ca href=\"https://americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/us-citizen-children-impacted-immigration-enforcement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to\u003c/a> the American Immigration Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s guidelines direct officers who encounter children while making an arrest to try to allow the parent to arrange for someone else to care for their kids before agents call a child welfare agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 5,000 U.S. citizen children with parents who were deported or detained lived in foster care in 2011, \u003ca href=\"https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/alfresco/publication-exhibits/2000405/2000405-Implications-of-Immigration-Enforcement-Activities-for-the-Well-Being-of-Children-in-Immigrant-Families.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to\u003c/a> a national study by the Urban Institute and the Migration Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "a-large-chaldean-iraqi-population-is-thriving-in-the-san-diego-suburbs",
"title": "A Large Chaldean Iraqi Population is Thriving in the San Diego Suburbs",
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"content": "\u003cp>Walk down Main Street in El Cajon and you feel like you’re on the set of an old Western. The wide street is lined with old-fashioned storefronts selling antique furniture and used clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent Sunday evening, people were swing dancing to country music at a restaurant called Downtown Cafe. But across the street in a park, there was a different scene: more than 100 people gathered in solidarity with the on-going street protests in Iraq over alleged corruption and economic hardships. They made speeches and sang in Arabic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wedad Schlotte is the vice-president of the San Diego chapter of \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/adcnational/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee\u003c/a> and a leader at the protest. She said the protests demonstrated the dichotomy she inhabits: She moved to the U.S. in the 1980s but still feels a strong connection with Iraq.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791146\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/16/a-large-chaldean-iraqi-population-is-thriving-in-the-san-diego-suburbs/20191110_161730/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791146\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791146\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wedad Schlotte, the vice-president of the San Diego chapter of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, helps lead a protest in El Cajon, Nov. 10, 2019. \u003ccite>(Claire Trageser/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I feel torn between my country, United States, and between my homeland,” she said. “I came to the United States to study and return. But I fell in love with the democracy and the sense of justice and the educational opportunities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This dichotomy is something a lot of people feel in El Cajon. The city lies about 10 miles inland from San Diego, and its population is more than 70% white, with generally conservative, Republican politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in recent decades, the city has been changing — it’s now home to one of the largest populations in the country of Chaldeans, a persecuted religious and ethnic minority from Iraq. They are part of a larger Middle Eastern community in El Cajon, with refugees and immigrants from Iraq, Syria and Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sd-me-readersrepnb-0528-story.html\">15,000\u003c/a> Chaldeans in El Cajon, and the community has made its stamp on the city. Restaurants, clothing stores, jewelry shops and corner markets are owned by Chaldeans, catering to their community. Plus, there are Chaldean schools and churches, even a Chaldean radio station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besma Coda, who works for \u003ca href=\"http://www.syhc.org/cmss-medical-services/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chaldean Middle Eastern Social Services\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization that helps new arrivals adjust to their new city, said once El Cajon was established as a destination for Chaldeans, that’s where refugees want to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people first move to Tennessee or somewhere else in the country, when they hear about the community here they would take their stuff after they resettle and they would come to El Cajon,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is still one area where Coda would like to see Chaldeans make more progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Political, we’re not there yet,” she said. “But I’m hoping the new generation, I hope they would be involved with politics and get into higher positions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791147\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/16/a-large-chaldean-iraqi-population-is-thriving-in-the-san-diego-suburbs/20191015_151937/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791147\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791147\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mike Aqrawi opens the door to his new real estate office in El Cajon. \u003ccite>(Claire Trageser/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That may happen in the November 2020 election. Mike Aqrawi is one of the area’s top real estate agents, catering specifically to the Chaldean community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seventy percent of my clients are Middle Eastern and Chaldean, and 30% are local residents who are selling their homes to my clients,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he’s running for a seat on the El Cajon City Council, vying to be one of the first to represent the interests of his community. Those interests divide into two groups, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people who migrate, and they are low-income. They live in apartments, and they’re trying to improve their lives; and they have those challenges,” Aqrawi said. “And the other people who are improving their lives, trying to improve El Cajon by opening more businesses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent arrivals need reduced crime and better services, while people who have been in El Cajon longer need easier permitting processes and better city planning to help open businesses, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, no one is challenging Aqrawi for the City Council seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of enduring religious persecution in Iraq, the community is hoping new political power will move them from the sidelines to become an even more interwoven part of their city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CalMatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the James Irvine Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11768052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219-160x44.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In recent decades, the city has been changing. It's now home to one of the largest populations in the country of Chaldeans, a persecuted religious and ethnic minority from Iraq.",
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"title": "A Large Chaldean Iraqi Population is Thriving in the San Diego Suburbs | KQED",
"description": "In recent decades, the city has been changing. It's now home to one of the largest populations in the country of Chaldeans, a persecuted religious and ethnic minority from Iraq.",
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"headline": "A Large Chaldean Iraqi Population is Thriving in the San Diego Suburbs",
"datePublished": "2019-12-16T06:27:02-08:00",
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"sourceUrl": "https://www.kpbs.org/news/2019/dec/03/large-chaldean-iraqi-population-thriving-san-diego/",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/staff/claire-trageser/\">Claire Trageser\u003c/a>\u003cbr>KPBS",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Walk down Main Street in El Cajon and you feel like you’re on the set of an old Western. The wide street is lined with old-fashioned storefronts selling antique furniture and used clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent Sunday evening, people were swing dancing to country music at a restaurant called Downtown Cafe. But across the street in a park, there was a different scene: more than 100 people gathered in solidarity with the on-going street protests in Iraq over alleged corruption and economic hardships. They made speeches and sang in Arabic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wedad Schlotte is the vice-president of the San Diego chapter of \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/adcnational/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee\u003c/a> and a leader at the protest. She said the protests demonstrated the dichotomy she inhabits: She moved to the U.S. in the 1980s but still feels a strong connection with Iraq.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791146\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/16/a-large-chaldean-iraqi-population-is-thriving-in-the-san-diego-suburbs/20191110_161730/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791146\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791146\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191110_161730-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wedad Schlotte, the vice-president of the San Diego chapter of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, helps lead a protest in El Cajon, Nov. 10, 2019. \u003ccite>(Claire Trageser/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I feel torn between my country, United States, and between my homeland,” she said. “I came to the United States to study and return. But I fell in love with the democracy and the sense of justice and the educational opportunities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This dichotomy is something a lot of people feel in El Cajon. The city lies about 10 miles inland from San Diego, and its population is more than 70% white, with generally conservative, Republican politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in recent decades, the city has been changing — it’s now home to one of the largest populations in the country of Chaldeans, a persecuted religious and ethnic minority from Iraq. They are part of a larger Middle Eastern community in El Cajon, with refugees and immigrants from Iraq, Syria and Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sd-me-readersrepnb-0528-story.html\">15,000\u003c/a> Chaldeans in El Cajon, and the community has made its stamp on the city. Restaurants, clothing stores, jewelry shops and corner markets are owned by Chaldeans, catering to their community. Plus, there are Chaldean schools and churches, even a Chaldean radio station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besma Coda, who works for \u003ca href=\"http://www.syhc.org/cmss-medical-services/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chaldean Middle Eastern Social Services\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization that helps new arrivals adjust to their new city, said once El Cajon was established as a destination for Chaldeans, that’s where refugees want to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people first move to Tennessee or somewhere else in the country, when they hear about the community here they would take their stuff after they resettle and they would come to El Cajon,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is still one area where Coda would like to see Chaldeans make more progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Political, we’re not there yet,” she said. “But I’m hoping the new generation, I hope they would be involved with politics and get into higher positions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791147\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/16/a-large-chaldean-iraqi-population-is-thriving-in-the-san-diego-suburbs/20191015_151937/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791147\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791147\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/20191015_151937-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mike Aqrawi opens the door to his new real estate office in El Cajon. \u003ccite>(Claire Trageser/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That may happen in the November 2020 election. Mike Aqrawi is one of the area’s top real estate agents, catering specifically to the Chaldean community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seventy percent of my clients are Middle Eastern and Chaldean, and 30% are local residents who are selling their homes to my clients,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he’s running for a seat on the El Cajon City Council, vying to be one of the first to represent the interests of his community. Those interests divide into two groups, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people who migrate, and they are low-income. They live in apartments, and they’re trying to improve their lives; and they have those challenges,” Aqrawi said. “And the other people who are improving their lives, trying to improve El Cajon by opening more businesses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent arrivals need reduced crime and better services, while people who have been in El Cajon longer need easier permitting processes and better city planning to help open businesses, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, no one is challenging Aqrawi for the City Council seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of enduring religious persecution in Iraq, the community is hoping new political power will move them from the sidelines to become an even more interwoven part of their city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CalMatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the James Irvine Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11768052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219-160x44.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "mixed-race-and-the-daughter-of-immigrants-what-it-means-to-be-enough",
"title": "Mixed Race and the Daughter of Immigrants: What It Means to Be 'Enough'",
"publishDate": 1576285813,
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"headTitle": "Mixed Race and the Daughter of Immigrants: What It Means to Be ‘Enough’ | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have never felt enough. As a mixed race kid—half-Korean, half-Spaniard—and the daughter of immigrants, I have always been illegible because I don’t fit nicely into the boxes society uses to structure our identities and experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To not be or feel “enough” denotes a sense of inadequacy and deficiency, which oddly in my case stems from my unruly excessiveness. I may not feel enough, but I am also too much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have always been too Spanish for my Korean side, too Korean for my Spanish side, and a little too brown for everyone. When I was little, I dreamed of going somewhere and having someone claim me as their own. To hear someone call out to me, “Hey, you are one of us,” and in the moment have a sense of who “us” might be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you’re like me — from two different worlds but living in a third new world, the United States — language becomes your calling card and currency. It’s what helps you translate things for your parents and it’s what connects you, like a secret handshake, to the invisible network of communities and cultures underpinning this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know this experience intimately because whenever I get to speak Spanish with someone in the middle of an otherwise English-only day, I feel momentarily whole as we share that fleeting smile of recognition and understanding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t speak Korean. I can count the number of Korean words and phrases I know on one hand. Perhaps that’s why all my life I have had a difficult time claiming my Asian (-American) identity. I have always felt that I am not Korean enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while I rationally know that language shouldn’t define or police our identities and that we have to instead deconstruct privilege and power, that logic doesn’t really address the pain of feeling erased, of feeling less my father’s daughter. In truth my complicated relationship to what it means to be “enough” is actually a story about my dad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791123\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/13/mixed-race-and-the-daughter-of-immigrants-what-it-means-to-be-enough/rs40438_javier-kim-airport-001/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791123\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791123\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-536x402.jpeg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cristina’s father, Javier Kim (far left), at the airport with his grandparents (center) and his parents (far right) about to board the plane to Madrid, Spain from Seoul in 1967.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My father, Kim Dong Ju, was born in Gwangju, South Korea, in 1946, a year after Hiroshima and four years before the Korean War, which he still remembers in the fragmented flashbacks of a child. He was destined to fight in yet another war, the Vietnam War, but my grandfather didn’t want his first-born son to go to fight (and possibly die) in a war so far from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily my grandfather knew a Jesuit priest who knew people that could help my father secure a student visa to get his graduate degree in Spain. This plan took him even farther from home, but it seemed like a step forward in an era defined by its pursuit of progress and modernity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My grandparents took my father to the airport. In photos, my grandmother dons one of her nicest hanboks while my dad, with a distant look in his eye, sports a modern, slick suit. When he boards the plane to Madrid that day in 1967, he doesn’t yet know that he’s leaving Korea forever, that he will visit but never live there again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the unknown violence of the Vietnam War to the conservative reality of the Franco dictatorship in Spain, my father flies straight into his future in Madrid, where he is one of the few Koreans or Asians of any kind in the whole country. Caught in the crosswind of history, he makes the best of things by making some friends, getting into fast cars and sporting the latest mod fashions. It’s only at night that he takes the time to write long letters to his mother and poetry about a homeland that’s increasingly becoming more foreign to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He eventually meets my mom, Cristina Rajal, on a blind date. They fall in love, get engaged and my mother’s family tells my dad that he is going to become a Catholic. My dad gets baptized and he becomes who I have always known him as — Javier Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791124\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/13/mixed-race-and-the-daughter-of-immigrants-what-it-means-to-be-enough/rs40437_javier-kim-mama-papa-001/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791124\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791124\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-536x402.jpeg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cristina’s father, Javier Kim, and mother, Cristina Rajal, met in Spain on a blind date.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They have my two sisters in Madrid, but spend the next few years traveling around Spain helping local banks set up ATM machines before landing in the up-and-coming Madrid suburb of Majadahonda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To hear both my parents talk about this time in their lives, it sounds like the golden age of the Kim-Rajal family. But my dad had a dream and he couldn’t shake it even though it meant having to leave their lives in Spain. In 1983 the American dream still felt tangible, when my parents, with my teenage sisters in tow, immigrated to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fast forward to 1986, my parents have their first and only American-born baby: me, Cristina Hyun-Mi Kim. Growing up in California, being Korean wasn’t something we really talked about. It wasn’t like Spain and my Spanish family, which shaped every aspect of my life, or like the Univision news my whole family would watch at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791125\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/13/mixed-race-and-the-daughter-of-immigrants-what-it-means-to-be-enough/rs40440_javier-kim-wedding-001/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791125\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11791125\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-1020x765.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-536x402.jpeg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cristina’s parents on their wedding day with what they say is the entire Korean community in Madrid in 1971.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Everything Korean about our lives felt muted, hidden or inaccessible. It was my dad talking in hushed tones and me not knowing what he said. It was my dad’s Korean newspaper that only he could read. And it was my dad ordering for all of us and laughing with the Korean waitress in Oakland’s K-Town while we all smiled quietly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being Korean was hearing my dad singing “Arirang,” a Korean folk song, quietly in his room. And me walking in and seeing him cry as he listened and me crying with him, but not really knowing why — just crying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t go to Korea until I was 25 years old, when I finally got my dad to go with me. Armed with my crappy recorder, I was determined to find myself and connect with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a part of me that hoped I would get there and instantly feel claimed and at home. I was sad our first night because of course that didn’t happen. No one even thought I was Korean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days that followed, I listened intently as my dad proudly explained the origins of Hangul and showed me the Buddhist temple. We laughed while we ate ddukbboki and navigated the Seoul fish market. We took quiet walks as he showed me his old school. He told me about his friends there and about the ones that would go on to die in Gwangju during the 1980 uprising. We explored and fell in love with the Korea of his memory and the Korea of today that was as foreign to him as it was to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, in the middle of a busy food market, when I asked my dad for kimchi lavado, which means “washed kimchi” in Spanish, which is what our family has always called mul kimchi, I realized that we hadn’t stopped speaking in Spanish the whole time we had been in Korea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was learning all about Korea not in Korean but in Spanish. And that, in fact, speaking Spanish with my dad in Korea is the most authentically me I could ever be, and that telling me all about Korea in Spanish is actually my dad being his most authentic self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that moment, it dawned on me that we hadn’t talked a lot about Korea growing up not because he didn’t want to share it with me, but because he too was trying to figure out what it means to be Korean. First as a Korean in Spain and now as both Korean and Spanish in the U.S., where he speaks Spanish at home, English at work and Korean rarely. For him, kimchi lavado is also his way of saying mul kimchi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791044\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/13/mixed-race-and-the-daughter-of-immigrants-what-it-means-to-be-enough/rs40439_javier-kim-collage-001-qut/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791044\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791044\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cristina’s father, Javier Kim.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mi papá, the Korean immigrant that went around the world and ended up in California, is just like me. He was Korean, Spanish and even a little American too. He was something in between all three — too much and yet not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It brings me back to the Korean folk song that my dad always listens to and that inexplicably makes us both cry. “Arirang,” the unofficial anthem of Korea—both Koreas—and a resistance song during Japanese occupation, tells the story of two lovers indefinitely separated on different mountain tops and forever longing for each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The song perfectly encapsulates the division of Korea, but it also speaks to the beautiful sadness of being an immigrant, like my dad, of longing for a home you once knew, that’s forever out of reach, that you long for even as you make new homes elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in turn it captures my experience too. The fluidity of being mixed and living in the borderlands — that interstitial space in between the two lovers in “Arirang.” The space where both my dad and I belong and are always enough.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have never felt enough. As a mixed race kid—half-Korean, half-Spaniard—and the daughter of immigrants, I have always been illegible because I don’t fit nicely into the boxes society uses to structure our identities and experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To not be or feel “enough” denotes a sense of inadequacy and deficiency, which oddly in my case stems from my unruly excessiveness. I may not feel enough, but I am also too much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have always been too Spanish for my Korean side, too Korean for my Spanish side, and a little too brown for everyone. When I was little, I dreamed of going somewhere and having someone claim me as their own. To hear someone call out to me, “Hey, you are one of us,” and in the moment have a sense of who “us” might be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you’re like me — from two different worlds but living in a third new world, the United States — language becomes your calling card and currency. It’s what helps you translate things for your parents and it’s what connects you, like a secret handshake, to the invisible network of communities and cultures underpinning this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know this experience intimately because whenever I get to speak Spanish with someone in the middle of an otherwise English-only day, I feel momentarily whole as we share that fleeting smile of recognition and understanding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t speak Korean. I can count the number of Korean words and phrases I know on one hand. Perhaps that’s why all my life I have had a difficult time claiming my Asian (-American) identity. I have always felt that I am not Korean enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while I rationally know that language shouldn’t define or police our identities and that we have to instead deconstruct privilege and power, that logic doesn’t really address the pain of feeling erased, of feeling less my father’s daughter. In truth my complicated relationship to what it means to be “enough” is actually a story about my dad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791123\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/13/mixed-race-and-the-daughter-of-immigrants-what-it-means-to-be-enough/rs40438_javier-kim-airport-001/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791123\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791123\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40438_Javier-Kim-Airport.001-536x402.jpeg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cristina’s father, Javier Kim (far left), at the airport with his grandparents (center) and his parents (far right) about to board the plane to Madrid, Spain from Seoul in 1967.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My father, Kim Dong Ju, was born in Gwangju, South Korea, in 1946, a year after Hiroshima and four years before the Korean War, which he still remembers in the fragmented flashbacks of a child. He was destined to fight in yet another war, the Vietnam War, but my grandfather didn’t want his first-born son to go to fight (and possibly die) in a war so far from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily my grandfather knew a Jesuit priest who knew people that could help my father secure a student visa to get his graduate degree in Spain. This plan took him even farther from home, but it seemed like a step forward in an era defined by its pursuit of progress and modernity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My grandparents took my father to the airport. In photos, my grandmother dons one of her nicest hanboks while my dad, with a distant look in his eye, sports a modern, slick suit. When he boards the plane to Madrid that day in 1967, he doesn’t yet know that he’s leaving Korea forever, that he will visit but never live there again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the unknown violence of the Vietnam War to the conservative reality of the Franco dictatorship in Spain, my father flies straight into his future in Madrid, where he is one of the few Koreans or Asians of any kind in the whole country. Caught in the crosswind of history, he makes the best of things by making some friends, getting into fast cars and sporting the latest mod fashions. It’s only at night that he takes the time to write long letters to his mother and poetry about a homeland that’s increasingly becoming more foreign to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He eventually meets my mom, Cristina Rajal, on a blind date. They fall in love, get engaged and my mother’s family tells my dad that he is going to become a Catholic. My dad gets baptized and he becomes who I have always known him as — Javier Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791124\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/13/mixed-race-and-the-daughter-of-immigrants-what-it-means-to-be-enough/rs40437_javier-kim-mama-papa-001/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791124\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791124\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40437_Javier-Kim-mama-papa.001-536x402.jpeg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cristina’s father, Javier Kim, and mother, Cristina Rajal, met in Spain on a blind date.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They have my two sisters in Madrid, but spend the next few years traveling around Spain helping local banks set up ATM machines before landing in the up-and-coming Madrid suburb of Majadahonda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To hear both my parents talk about this time in their lives, it sounds like the golden age of the Kim-Rajal family. But my dad had a dream and he couldn’t shake it even though it meant having to leave their lives in Spain. In 1983 the American dream still felt tangible, when my parents, with my teenage sisters in tow, immigrated to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fast forward to 1986, my parents have their first and only American-born baby: me, Cristina Hyun-Mi Kim. Growing up in California, being Korean wasn’t something we really talked about. It wasn’t like Spain and my Spanish family, which shaped every aspect of my life, or like the Univision news my whole family would watch at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791125\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/13/mixed-race-and-the-daughter-of-immigrants-what-it-means-to-be-enough/rs40440_javier-kim-wedding-001/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791125\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11791125\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-1020x765.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001-536x402.jpeg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40440_JAvier-Kim-Wedding.001.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cristina’s parents on their wedding day with what they say is the entire Korean community in Madrid in 1971.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Everything Korean about our lives felt muted, hidden or inaccessible. It was my dad talking in hushed tones and me not knowing what he said. It was my dad’s Korean newspaper that only he could read. And it was my dad ordering for all of us and laughing with the Korean waitress in Oakland’s K-Town while we all smiled quietly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being Korean was hearing my dad singing “Arirang,” a Korean folk song, quietly in his room. And me walking in and seeing him cry as he listened and me crying with him, but not really knowing why — just crying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t go to Korea until I was 25 years old, when I finally got my dad to go with me. Armed with my crappy recorder, I was determined to find myself and connect with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a part of me that hoped I would get there and instantly feel claimed and at home. I was sad our first night because of course that didn’t happen. No one even thought I was Korean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days that followed, I listened intently as my dad proudly explained the origins of Hangul and showed me the Buddhist temple. We laughed while we ate ddukbboki and navigated the Seoul fish market. We took quiet walks as he showed me his old school. He told me about his friends there and about the ones that would go on to die in Gwangju during the 1980 uprising. We explored and fell in love with the Korea of his memory and the Korea of today that was as foreign to him as it was to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, in the middle of a busy food market, when I asked my dad for kimchi lavado, which means “washed kimchi” in Spanish, which is what our family has always called mul kimchi, I realized that we hadn’t stopped speaking in Spanish the whole time we had been in Korea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was learning all about Korea not in Korean but in Spanish. And that, in fact, speaking Spanish with my dad in Korea is the most authentically me I could ever be, and that telling me all about Korea in Spanish is actually my dad being his most authentic self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that moment, it dawned on me that we hadn’t talked a lot about Korea growing up not because he didn’t want to share it with me, but because he too was trying to figure out what it means to be Korean. First as a Korean in Spain and now as both Korean and Spanish in the U.S., where he speaks Spanish at home, English at work and Korean rarely. For him, kimchi lavado is also his way of saying mul kimchi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791044\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/13/mixed-race-and-the-daughter-of-immigrants-what-it-means-to-be-enough/rs40439_javier-kim-collage-001-qut/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11791044\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11791044\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40439_Javier-Kim-Collage-.001-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cristina’s father, Javier Kim.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mi papá, the Korean immigrant that went around the world and ended up in California, is just like me. He was Korean, Spanish and even a little American too. He was something in between all three — too much and yet not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It brings me back to the Korean folk song that my dad always listens to and that inexplicably makes us both cry. “Arirang,” the unofficial anthem of Korea—both Koreas—and a resistance song during Japanese occupation, tells the story of two lovers indefinitely separated on different mountain tops and forever longing for each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The song perfectly encapsulates the division of Korea, but it also speaks to the beautiful sadness of being an immigrant, like my dad, of longing for a home you once knew, that’s forever out of reach, that you long for even as you make new homes elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in turn it captures my experience too. The fluidity of being mixed and living in the borderlands — that interstitial space in between the two lovers in “Arirang.” The space where both my dad and I belong and are always enough.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Maria Isabel Bueso and her family have waited months to learn whether they could stay in the country. Bueso has lived in the Bay Area for 16 years under a special immigration status in order to get treatment for a rare genetic disease. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11771386/advocating-for-my-own-life-bay-area-woman-getting-lifesaving-care-faces-deportation\">In August\u003c/a>, she received a letter from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services demanding that she leave the country. But Bueso became a leading advocate on behalf of hundreds of immigrants who received similar letters, and her story highlighted the harm of President Trump’s sweeping immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on Dec. 6, Bueso \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790433/concord-woman-with-rare-disease-granted-reprieve-from-deportation\">got word\u003c/a> that she can stay in the U.S. for at least two more years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guest: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FaridaJhabvala\">Farida Jhabvala Romero\u003c/a>, KQED immigration reporter\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"c-message_actions__container c-message__actions\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Message actions\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Maria Isabel Bueso and her family have waited months to learn whether they could stay in the country. Bueso has lived in the Bay Area for 16 years under a special immigration status in order to get treatment for a rare genetic disease. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11771386/advocating-for-my-own-life-bay-area-woman-getting-lifesaving-care-faces-deportation\">In August\u003c/a>, she received a letter from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services demanding that she leave the country. But Bueso became a leading advocate on behalf of hundreds of immigrants who received similar letters, and her story highlighted the harm of President Trump’s sweeping immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on Dec. 6, Bueso \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790433/concord-woman-with-rare-disease-granted-reprieve-from-deportation\">got word\u003c/a> that she can stay in the U.S. for at least two more years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guest: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FaridaJhabvala\">Farida Jhabvala Romero\u003c/a>, KQED immigration reporter\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"c-message_actions__container c-message__actions\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Message actions\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "‘Brain Waste': Highly Skilled Immigrants Struggle to Fill Workforce Gaps",
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"content": "\u003cp>Burmese doctors dish sushi at a restaurant, a Jordanian computer engineer drives for Uber, and a Nepali non-profit program officer stocks shelves at a Walmart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly two million college-educated immigrants labor in jobs for which they are overqualified, or cannot find work at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The so-called “brain waste” phenomenon is costing California and other states billions of dollars per year in lost individual earnings and tax revenues, according to estimates by the Migration Policy Institute. The problem is worsening as, among immigrants continuing to arrive in the United States, there’s a greater proportion of college-educated individuals, experts warn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://od1.kqed.org/anon.kqed/radio/tcr/2020/01/JhabvalaRomeroRefugeeWorkforce.mp3\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New immigrants face barriers to obtaining high-skilled jobs that may take years to overcome, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/labor-and-employment/barriers-to-work-immigrants-with-work-authorization.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">including\u003c/a> the lack of U.S. professional work experience and technical English fluency. The process for getting foreign credentials recognized in this country can be long, complicated and expensive, especially in highly regulated fields like health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilmer Garcia Ricardo, a physician in Cuba and Venezuela for seven years, was admitted to the U.S. in 2012 through a now-defunct government humanitarian parole program for Cuban medical professionals. But once he resettled in Louisville, Ky., Garcia Ricardo was left on his own to figure out how to work again as a doctor in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been years of study and sacrifice,” said Garcia Ricardo, now 38 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790706\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11790706\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">International Rescue Committee staffer Saeideh Mahdavisefat leads a job interview workshop with recently arrived refugees at the resettlement agency’s offices in San Jose on Oct. 16, 2019. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He took classes to improve his English. He bought books online and looked into blogs and forums about other immigrant physicians going through the rigorous U.S. medical licensing process. Meanwhile, he got a job as a patient care aide at a nursing home to pay his bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was like, being a doctor in January 2012, and then, three months after, going to the bottom of the health care system in America,” said Garcia Ricardo. “It was frustrating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professional demotion is typical among the recent immigrants, including refugees, asylees and other humanitarian migrants who get help adjusting to life in America through the International Rescue Committee, said Kevin Davis, career development coordinator at the resettlement agency’s offices in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IRC’s program focuses on helping humanitarian migrants rebuild or start careers in the U.S. through training, coaching and scholarships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many of these immigrants come with limited English or professional work experience, Davis estimates about half of the 200 clients in his program per year are highly skilled or college educated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of their talents and expertise, nearly all of them get what Davis calls “survival jobs” in retail, hospitality, security and other industries during their first months in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The survival job is like a stepping stone,” he said. “And once they can pay their immediate bills, then we will work with them to sort of say, ‘All right, well, what comes next?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790707\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11790707\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A billboard at the International Rescue Committee San Jose office displays advice for newly arrived immigrants to handle job interviews. The resettlement agency provides training, coaching and scholarships for humanitarian migrants to start or rebuild careers in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>‘Brain Waste’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In California, about 450,000 immigrants with at least a bachelor’s degree are underemployed, meaning they have low-skilled jobs , or they can’t find work at all, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/research/untapped-talent-costs-brain-waste-among-highly-skilled-immigrants-united-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">analysis\u003c/a> by the Migration Policy Institute. About 25 percent of highly skilled immigrants are overqualified for their jobs in the state compared to 19 percent for the U.S. born workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost to California, the state with the largest immigrant population, is significant: about $9.4 billion in lost annual earnings that result in nearly $700 million foregone state and local taxes, said Jeanne Batalova, a senior policy analyst at the institute and co-author of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared to the U.S., countries like Canada and Australia have invested more resources to help immigrants understand and navigate licensing and other requirements to make their way into professional occupations, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The United States has a fairly laissez faire approach to helping immigrants integrate into the labor market. And really the approach is sink or swim,” said Batalova. “Unfortunately, at the national level, there hasn’t really been a strategy developed to deal with what we call ‘brain waste.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue has become more pronounced as the U.S. economy increasingly depends on highly skilled workers. Moreover, in recent years, a larger proportion of immigrants — about \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/mpi-reveals-striking-finding-nearly-half-immigrant-adults-arriving-us-2011-have-college-degree\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">48 percent\u003c/a> — arrive in the U.S. with at least a bachelor’s degree, said Batalova.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That can become an important talent pool, if their skills are put to good use,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, employers often don’t know how to interpret and determine the value of an applicant’s credentials from foreign universities, said Jina Krause-Vilmar, CEO at Upwardly Global, a non-profit founded in San Francisco that helps place high-skilled immigrants and refugees in professional careers in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do you value somebody from the University of Baghdad versus somebody from UCLA?” said Krause-Vilmar, whose organization frequently works with employers. “Part of it is building that awareness amongst employers so that they can effectively understand what this untapped talent pool offers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790712\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11790712\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wilmer Garcia Ricardo is now a medical resident in the San Joaquin General Hospitals’ family medicine department. He said obtaining work experience in the U.S. through the UCLA International Medical Graduate program was key to obtaining his residency position. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>One Doctor’s Story\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Garcia Ricardo, who trained as a family medicine practitioner in Cuba, knew of the need for more physicians in the U.S. In the next decade, California will face a shortfall of 4,100 primary care clinicians, which is \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/california-doctor-shortage-free-med-school-loan-repayment-recruiting-solutions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">already affecting\u003c/a> rural and low-income urban areas, \u003ca href=\"https://futurehealthworkforce.org/2019/02/04/ca-looming-workforce-crisis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to\u003c/a> the California Future Health Workforce Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11722933\" label=\"\"]The Cuban immigrant said he spent six years and more than $10,000 to eventually pass the U.S. medical licensing exams and apply for residency programs, which he needs to be licensed as a doctor in any state. He drove Uber and Lyft on the side to make ends meet, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I applied to 166 programs, and I received one interview invitation,” said Garcia Ricardo. “And at the end of a process, all that money was lost. I was not granted a position.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He figures a big reason was that, unlike domestic medical graduates, he didn’t have any “hands-on medical experience” in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All my experience as a doctor was from Cuba and Venezuela, and all my work experience in the U.S. was as a patient assistant,” said Garcia Ricardo, with a shrug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he didn’t give up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a unique program in California, the UCLA International Medical Graduate Program, that finally gave him the qualifications and training to better compete for coveted residency spots in family medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applying to residency programs is an extremely competitive process, and those positions are very limited, especially in rural and low-income communities, said Dr. Michelle Bholat, an associate professor at the UCLA Department of Family Medicine and co-director of the IMG program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had a magic wand, I would say ‘Let us get some additional residency positions available in our most underserved areas in California,’” said Bholat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to a \u003ca href=\"https://sd30.senate.ca.gov/news/press-releases/2012-07-16-holly-mitchell-bill-will-add-new-doctors-underserved-communities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state law\u003c/a> approved in 2012, Spanish-speaking physicians in the IMG program can work under supervision with patients at a Los Angeles family clinic and hospital, so they learn the U.S. health care system and gain valuable work experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Michelle Bholat, co-director of the IMG program\"]‘What we have seen, at least in our program, is that the residents that are from those backgrounds tend to want to stay in that community and serve those patients long term.’[/pullquote]Although there are hundreds of applicants to the program each year, only about 15 physicians are admitted, said Bholat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In exchange for the training, the doctors commit to working at least two years in underserved medical communities once they are licensed. Since 2006, 140 doctors have graduated from the IMG program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bholat has high hopes for one of this year’s graduates, Garcia Ricardo. Now, he is a medical resident at San Joaquin General Hospital, south of Stockton. Most patients at the county hospital qualify for Medi-Cal, and about 40 percent speak Spanish, according to doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s going to be a role model for that Latino community to know that ‘You know what? I have a doctor that understands me. I have a doctor who’s going to be there for my family,”’ said Bholat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia Ricardo compared the years he struggled in America to regain his profession to feeling like a fish out of water, gasping for air and flopping around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then you put the fish back in the water? That’s the same feeling I had when I had a white coat back on,” said Garcia Ricardo, and smiled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Elyas Parsa, who oversees San Joaquin General Hospital’s family residency program, said it’s “invaluable” to have a physician like Garcia Ricardo who culturally understands patients and speaks their language. Immigrant physicians are also passionate about working with underserved communities, said Parsa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have seen, at least in our program, is that the residents that are from those backgrounds tend to want to stay in that community and serve those patients long term,” said Parsa, himself a political refugee from Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rules Vary State by State\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While the federal government oversees immigration, state governments regulate the practice of occupations. Those requirements often vary across state lines and can be cumbersome to navigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11682562,news_11299596,news_13815450\" label=\"Related coverage\"]Some states like Utah and South Dakota have modified certain licensing requirements to make it easier for internationally trained professionals to re-enter fields such as occupational therapy or dentistry, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/labor-and-employment/barriers-to-work-immigrants-with-work-authorization.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> by the National Conference of State Legislatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, U.S. Department of Labor has provided \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/newsroom/releases/eta/eta20180625\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grants\u003c/a> for states to study how to streamline occupational licensing rules, in part to make it easier for people to be recertified after they move to another state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government could also provide additional financial support to organizations that help internationally educated professionals integrate into the U.S. workforce, said Batalova of the Migration Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Refugees, asylees and other immigrants can access limited federal and local financial support while they look for work. But there’s a lot of pressure to earn income as soon as possible, especially in high-cost regions like the Bay Area. Davis at the IRC said his program often coaches immigrants to take gradual steps into careers in healthcare and other industries desperate for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eden Asfaha, 38, followed that trajectory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790710\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11790710\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eden Asfaha, an asylee from Eritrea, works the cashier at a Holiday Inn restaurant in San Jose, Calif. on Nov. 14, 2019. Asfaha is finishing training to be licensed as a phlebotomy technician. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Starting a New Path\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Asfaha was a secretary for a European Union diplomatic office in her native Eritrea, and worked in community development for European-based non-profits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After winning asylum in the U.S. in 2014, she attended an IRC job fair to land her first American job as a cashier and hostess at a San Jose restaurant. That allowed her to enroll in classes at De Anza Community College in Cupertino to become a phlebotomy technician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I decided to switch to something that’s practical that I can find a job in the laboratory,” said Asfaha, an evangelical Christian who fled Eritrea to escape religious persecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She eventually plans to go back to school to train as a medical lab technician, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I came here, I knew I would be starting from scratch. I knew it was going to be a hard road ahead,” said Asfaha. “I just have to take the steps I need to get in there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CalMatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio, with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11768052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219-160x44.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Burmese doctors dish sushi at a restaurant, a Jordanian computer engineer drives for Uber, and a Nepali non-profit program officer stocks shelves at a Walmart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly two million college-educated immigrants labor in jobs for which they are overqualified, or cannot find work at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The so-called “brain waste” phenomenon is costing California and other states billions of dollars per year in lost individual earnings and tax revenues, according to estimates by the Migration Policy Institute. The problem is worsening as, among immigrants continuing to arrive in the United States, there’s a greater proportion of college-educated individuals, experts warn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New immigrants face barriers to obtaining high-skilled jobs that may take years to overcome, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/labor-and-employment/barriers-to-work-immigrants-with-work-authorization.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">including\u003c/a> the lack of U.S. professional work experience and technical English fluency. The process for getting foreign credentials recognized in this country can be long, complicated and expensive, especially in highly regulated fields like health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilmer Garcia Ricardo, a physician in Cuba and Venezuela for seven years, was admitted to the U.S. in 2012 through a now-defunct government humanitarian parole program for Cuban medical professionals. But once he resettled in Louisville, Ky., Garcia Ricardo was left on his own to figure out how to work again as a doctor in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been years of study and sacrifice,” said Garcia Ricardo, now 38 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790706\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11790706\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40416_Photo-2-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">International Rescue Committee staffer Saeideh Mahdavisefat leads a job interview workshop with recently arrived refugees at the resettlement agency’s offices in San Jose on Oct. 16, 2019. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He took classes to improve his English. He bought books online and looked into blogs and forums about other immigrant physicians going through the rigorous U.S. medical licensing process. Meanwhile, he got a job as a patient care aide at a nursing home to pay his bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was like, being a doctor in January 2012, and then, three months after, going to the bottom of the health care system in America,” said Garcia Ricardo. “It was frustrating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professional demotion is typical among the recent immigrants, including refugees, asylees and other humanitarian migrants who get help adjusting to life in America through the International Rescue Committee, said Kevin Davis, career development coordinator at the resettlement agency’s offices in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IRC’s program focuses on helping humanitarian migrants rebuild or start careers in the U.S. through training, coaching and scholarships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many of these immigrants come with limited English or professional work experience, Davis estimates about half of the 200 clients in his program per year are highly skilled or college educated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of their talents and expertise, nearly all of them get what Davis calls “survival jobs” in retail, hospitality, security and other industries during their first months in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The survival job is like a stepping stone,” he said. “And once they can pay their immediate bills, then we will work with them to sort of say, ‘All right, well, what comes next?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790707\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11790707\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40415_Photo-5-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A billboard at the International Rescue Committee San Jose office displays advice for newly arrived immigrants to handle job interviews. The resettlement agency provides training, coaching and scholarships for humanitarian migrants to start or rebuild careers in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>‘Brain Waste’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In California, about 450,000 immigrants with at least a bachelor’s degree are underemployed, meaning they have low-skilled jobs , or they can’t find work at all, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/research/untapped-talent-costs-brain-waste-among-highly-skilled-immigrants-united-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">analysis\u003c/a> by the Migration Policy Institute. About 25 percent of highly skilled immigrants are overqualified for their jobs in the state compared to 19 percent for the U.S. born workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost to California, the state with the largest immigrant population, is significant: about $9.4 billion in lost annual earnings that result in nearly $700 million foregone state and local taxes, said Jeanne Batalova, a senior policy analyst at the institute and co-author of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared to the U.S., countries like Canada and Australia have invested more resources to help immigrants understand and navigate licensing and other requirements to make their way into professional occupations, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The United States has a fairly laissez faire approach to helping immigrants integrate into the labor market. And really the approach is sink or swim,” said Batalova. “Unfortunately, at the national level, there hasn’t really been a strategy developed to deal with what we call ‘brain waste.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue has become more pronounced as the U.S. economy increasingly depends on highly skilled workers. Moreover, in recent years, a larger proportion of immigrants — about \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/mpi-reveals-striking-finding-nearly-half-immigrant-adults-arriving-us-2011-have-college-degree\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">48 percent\u003c/a> — arrive in the U.S. with at least a bachelor’s degree, said Batalova.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That can become an important talent pool, if their skills are put to good use,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, employers often don’t know how to interpret and determine the value of an applicant’s credentials from foreign universities, said Jina Krause-Vilmar, CEO at Upwardly Global, a non-profit founded in San Francisco that helps place high-skilled immigrants and refugees in professional careers in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do you value somebody from the University of Baghdad versus somebody from UCLA?” said Krause-Vilmar, whose organization frequently works with employers. “Part of it is building that awareness amongst employers so that they can effectively understand what this untapped talent pool offers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790712\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11790712\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40413_Photo-3-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wilmer Garcia Ricardo is now a medical resident in the San Joaquin General Hospitals’ family medicine department. He said obtaining work experience in the U.S. through the UCLA International Medical Graduate program was key to obtaining his residency position. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>One Doctor’s Story\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Garcia Ricardo, who trained as a family medicine practitioner in Cuba, knew of the need for more physicians in the U.S. In the next decade, California will face a shortfall of 4,100 primary care clinicians, which is \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/california-doctor-shortage-free-med-school-loan-repayment-recruiting-solutions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">already affecting\u003c/a> rural and low-income urban areas, \u003ca href=\"https://futurehealthworkforce.org/2019/02/04/ca-looming-workforce-crisis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to\u003c/a> the California Future Health Workforce Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Cuban immigrant said he spent six years and more than $10,000 to eventually pass the U.S. medical licensing exams and apply for residency programs, which he needs to be licensed as a doctor in any state. He drove Uber and Lyft on the side to make ends meet, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I applied to 166 programs, and I received one interview invitation,” said Garcia Ricardo. “And at the end of a process, all that money was lost. I was not granted a position.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He figures a big reason was that, unlike domestic medical graduates, he didn’t have any “hands-on medical experience” in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All my experience as a doctor was from Cuba and Venezuela, and all my work experience in the U.S. was as a patient assistant,” said Garcia Ricardo, with a shrug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he didn’t give up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a unique program in California, the UCLA International Medical Graduate Program, that finally gave him the qualifications and training to better compete for coveted residency spots in family medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applying to residency programs is an extremely competitive process, and those positions are very limited, especially in rural and low-income communities, said Dr. Michelle Bholat, an associate professor at the UCLA Department of Family Medicine and co-director of the IMG program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had a magic wand, I would say ‘Let us get some additional residency positions available in our most underserved areas in California,’” said Bholat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to a \u003ca href=\"https://sd30.senate.ca.gov/news/press-releases/2012-07-16-holly-mitchell-bill-will-add-new-doctors-underserved-communities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state law\u003c/a> approved in 2012, Spanish-speaking physicians in the IMG program can work under supervision with patients at a Los Angeles family clinic and hospital, so they learn the U.S. health care system and gain valuable work experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘What we have seen, at least in our program, is that the residents that are from those backgrounds tend to want to stay in that community and serve those patients long term.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Although there are hundreds of applicants to the program each year, only about 15 physicians are admitted, said Bholat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In exchange for the training, the doctors commit to working at least two years in underserved medical communities once they are licensed. Since 2006, 140 doctors have graduated from the IMG program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bholat has high hopes for one of this year’s graduates, Garcia Ricardo. Now, he is a medical resident at San Joaquin General Hospital, south of Stockton. Most patients at the county hospital qualify for Medi-Cal, and about 40 percent speak Spanish, according to doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s going to be a role model for that Latino community to know that ‘You know what? I have a doctor that understands me. I have a doctor who’s going to be there for my family,”’ said Bholat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia Ricardo compared the years he struggled in America to regain his profession to feeling like a fish out of water, gasping for air and flopping around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then you put the fish back in the water? That’s the same feeling I had when I had a white coat back on,” said Garcia Ricardo, and smiled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Elyas Parsa, who oversees San Joaquin General Hospital’s family residency program, said it’s “invaluable” to have a physician like Garcia Ricardo who culturally understands patients and speaks their language. Immigrant physicians are also passionate about working with underserved communities, said Parsa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have seen, at least in our program, is that the residents that are from those backgrounds tend to want to stay in that community and serve those patients long term,” said Parsa, himself a political refugee from Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rules Vary State by State\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While the federal government oversees immigration, state governments regulate the practice of occupations. Those requirements often vary across state lines and can be cumbersome to navigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Some states like Utah and South Dakota have modified certain licensing requirements to make it easier for internationally trained professionals to re-enter fields such as occupational therapy or dentistry, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/labor-and-employment/barriers-to-work-immigrants-with-work-authorization.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> by the National Conference of State Legislatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, U.S. Department of Labor has provided \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/newsroom/releases/eta/eta20180625\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grants\u003c/a> for states to study how to streamline occupational licensing rules, in part to make it easier for people to be recertified after they move to another state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government could also provide additional financial support to organizations that help internationally educated professionals integrate into the U.S. workforce, said Batalova of the Migration Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Refugees, asylees and other immigrants can access limited federal and local financial support while they look for work. But there’s a lot of pressure to earn income as soon as possible, especially in high-cost regions like the Bay Area. Davis at the IRC said his program often coaches immigrants to take gradual steps into careers in healthcare and other industries desperate for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eden Asfaha, 38, followed that trajectory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790710\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11790710\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40414_Photo-4-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eden Asfaha, an asylee from Eritrea, works the cashier at a Holiday Inn restaurant in San Jose, Calif. on Nov. 14, 2019. Asfaha is finishing training to be licensed as a phlebotomy technician. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Starting a New Path\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Asfaha was a secretary for a European Union diplomatic office in her native Eritrea, and worked in community development for European-based non-profits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After winning asylum in the U.S. in 2014, she attended an IRC job fair to land her first American job as a cashier and hostess at a San Jose restaurant. That allowed her to enroll in classes at De Anza Community College in Cupertino to become a phlebotomy technician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I decided to switch to something that’s practical that I can find a job in the laboratory,” said Asfaha, an evangelical Christian who fled Eritrea to escape religious persecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She eventually plans to go back to school to train as a medical lab technician, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I came here, I knew I would be starting from scratch. I knew it was going to be a hard road ahead,” said Asfaha. “I just have to take the steps I need to get in there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CalMatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio, with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11768052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219-160x44.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Immigrant advocates sued the Trump administration Tuesday for ending a free hotline that allowed detained immigrants to report concerns about custody conditions after it was featured on the show “Orange Is the New Black.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit group \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a>, which has run the hotline since 2013 with a free phone line provided by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, sued in federal court in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleged that the administration yanked the hotline in August after it was featured on the Netflix show, which drew attention to the group’s criticism of detention conditions for immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They cannot shut down this hotline in retaliation for the fact they don’t like what Freedom for Immigrants is saying,” said Moez Kaba, a partner at Hueston Hennigan, which is representing the group. “And they can’t shut down the hotline because they want to prevent Freedom for Immigrants from saying it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration and Customs Enforcement declined to comment on the lawsuit but said the hotline was removed last year from a list of pro bono legal service providers that immigrants can call for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"immigrant-detention-centers\" label=\"Related coverage\"]At the time, the agency notified the group that it had been misusing the hotline, said Bryan Cox, an ICE spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The line was not monitored or recorded so immigrants could find and speak with lawyers, but the group was using it for three-way calling to connect detainees to family, Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency had provided the hotline after a request from the nonprofit and a group of volunteers in Florida who had visited detained immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants in detention centers were then allowed to call for free, enabling the group — which also runs visitation programs at facilities across the country — to monitor custody conditions and help reconnect detainees with loved ones separated at the border, the lawsuit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also helpful for immigrants to remain in contact with hotline operators as the immigrants were transferred across multiple facilities, especially if they didn’t have family or friends nearby, the suit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hotline received between 600 and 14,500 calls per month, according to the lawsuit. It was limited to use at detention facilities in Florida in 2018 and was shut down entirely in August 2019, the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Immigrant advocates sued the Trump administration Tuesday for ending a free hotline that allowed detained immigrants to report concerns about custody conditions after it was featured on the show “Orange Is the New Black.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit group \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a>, which has run the hotline since 2013 with a free phone line provided by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, sued in federal court in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleged that the administration yanked the hotline in August after it was featured on the Netflix show, which drew attention to the group’s criticism of detention conditions for immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They cannot shut down this hotline in retaliation for the fact they don’t like what Freedom for Immigrants is saying,” said Moez Kaba, a partner at Hueston Hennigan, which is representing the group. “And they can’t shut down the hotline because they want to prevent Freedom for Immigrants from saying it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At the time, the agency notified the group that it had been misusing the hotline, said Bryan Cox, an ICE spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The line was not monitored or recorded so immigrants could find and speak with lawyers, but the group was using it for three-way calling to connect detainees to family, Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency had provided the hotline after a request from the nonprofit and a group of volunteers in Florida who had visited detained immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants in detention centers were then allowed to call for free, enabling the group — which also runs visitation programs at facilities across the country — to monitor custody conditions and help reconnect detainees with loved ones separated at the border, the lawsuit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also helpful for immigrants to remain in contact with hotline operators as the immigrants were transferred across multiple facilities, especially if they didn’t have family or friends nearby, the suit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hotline received between 600 and 14,500 calls per month, according to the lawsuit. It was limited to use at detention facilities in Florida in 2018 and was shut down entirely in August 2019, the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Concord Woman With Rare Disease Granted Reprieve From Deportation",
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"content": "\u003cp>A Bay Area woman receiving lifesaving treatment for a rare genetic condition, who could die if she were deported, has been approved by the federal government to remain in the U.S. for two more years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reprieve marks a reversal by the Trump administration, and comes months after immigration authorities told Concord resident Maria Isabel Bueso that she and her immediate family had 33 days to leave the country or face deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bueso, 24, depends on a weekly intravenous infusion of medicine at an Oakland hospital to survive. The treatment is not available in her native Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a letter drafted Dec. 6, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services’ San Francisco district director, John Kramar, informed Bueso that her request for humanitarian relief, known as deferred action, had been granted and is effective until Aug. 13, 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Maria Isabel Bueso\"]‘What I learned from this was to not be afraid — to speak up from your heart and to know that your voice matters.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was so happy and relieved,” Bueso said. “I really appreciate everyone who has been so kind to my family and given us support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forcing Bueso to leave the U.S. would be akin to “pulling the plug on a respirator,” said Dr. Paul Harmatz, a pediatrician at UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, who treats her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The genetic disease, which stunts normal skeletal development and can cause respiratory complications and organ degeneration, has left Bueso confined to a wheelchair and breathing through a device implanted in her throat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bueso came to the U.S. with her family when she was 7, after Harmatz and other doctors in the Bay Area invited her to participate in a clinical trial for a new drug to treat her condition — \u003ca href=\"https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/mucopolysaccharidosis-type-vi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI\u003c/a>. Her participation in that trial was very important in order for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to approve the drug, called Naglazyme, said Harmatz, who led the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790508\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11790508 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Isabel Bueso (R) and her mother, Karla Bueso, at their attorney’s offices in San Francisco on Aug. 29, 2019. ‘I haven’t slept for days,’ said Karla at the time, out of concern that her daughter could lose vital medical treatment in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bueso and her family were subsequently able to renew their deferred action status several times. Bueso has since become a nationally renowned advocate for people with rare diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Bueso graduated summa cum laude from CSU East Bay, where she helped create a scholarship fund for students with disabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in early August, USCIS stopped reviewing almost all applications for deferred action, including those of immigrants in need of medical treatment in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 700 people had pending applications for the humanitarian protection at the time, including 420 who were sent denial letters, according to agency officials who testified at \u003ca href=\"https://oversight.house.gov/legislation/hearings/the-administration-s-apparent-revocation-of-medical-deferred-action-for\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a hearing\u003c/a> of the House Committee on Oversight and Reform in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the hearing, at which Bueso testified, USCIS officials were excoriated by several lawmakers, and public outcry grew in the following days. A week later, on Sept. 19, the agency announced it was resuming consideration of nonmilitary deferred action requests on a case-by-case basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renewal for Bueso and her family — which includes work permits — means Bueso’s father, Alberto, can continue his job in sales at an import-export company. His employment supports the family and pays for Bueso’s medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>USCIS declined to comment on Bueso’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"deferred-action\"]On Monday, Rep. Mark DeSaulnier, a Democrat representing Contra Costa County who championed Bueso’s case and called for the congressional hearing, said he tepidly applauded USCIS’ decision to allow Bueso to remain in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a good first step,” he said. “We’re continuing to work on a permanent solution, but at least this can reasonably reduce our fears for two years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeSaulnier introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/4225\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bill\u003c/a> in the House in late August that would grant legal permanent resident status to Bueso and her immediate family. Sens. Dianne Feinstein, D-California, and Lindsey Graham, R-South Carolina, introduced similar legislation in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In collaboration with Democratic Rep. Ayanna Pressley of Massachusetts, who also has constituents affected by the halt to deferred action, DeSaulnier said he is also working on a broader proposal to provide more permanent relief to other immigrants in need of medical treatment in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, Bueso was recognized by both the \u003ca href=\"https://rareadvocates.org/rare-disease-legislative-advocates-honor-leaders-who-inspire-transformational-public-policy-solutions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rare Disease Legislative Advocates\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://members.eastbayleadershipcouncil.com/blog/eblc-news-updates-97/post/isabel-bueso-and-betsy-biern-to-keynote-the-philanthropy-awards-21067\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">East Bay Leadership Council\u003c/a> for her work advocating for immigrants who depend on deferred action status to receive lifesaving medical treatment in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bueso said that she and her family have been living in limbo for the last six months, a period full of fear and stress. But her ordeal, she added, has also been an important learning experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I learned from this was to not be afraid — to speak up from your heart and to know that your voice matters,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Bay Area woman receiving lifesaving treatment for a rare genetic condition, who could die if she were deported, has been approved by the federal government to remain in the U.S. for two more years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reprieve marks a reversal by the Trump administration, and comes months after immigration authorities told Concord resident Maria Isabel Bueso that she and her immediate family had 33 days to leave the country or face deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bueso, 24, depends on a weekly intravenous infusion of medicine at an Oakland hospital to survive. The treatment is not available in her native Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a letter drafted Dec. 6, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services’ San Francisco district director, John Kramar, informed Bueso that her request for humanitarian relief, known as deferred action, had been granted and is effective until Aug. 13, 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was so happy and relieved,” Bueso said. “I really appreciate everyone who has been so kind to my family and given us support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forcing Bueso to leave the U.S. would be akin to “pulling the plug on a respirator,” said Dr. Paul Harmatz, a pediatrician at UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, who treats her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The genetic disease, which stunts normal skeletal development and can cause respiratory complications and organ degeneration, has left Bueso confined to a wheelchair and breathing through a device implanted in her throat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bueso came to the U.S. with her family when she was 7, after Harmatz and other doctors in the Bay Area invited her to participate in a clinical trial for a new drug to treat her condition — \u003ca href=\"https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/mucopolysaccharidosis-type-vi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI\u003c/a>. Her participation in that trial was very important in order for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to approve the drug, called Naglazyme, said Harmatz, who led the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11790508\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11790508 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS38885_IMG_1325-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Isabel Bueso (R) and her mother, Karla Bueso, at their attorney’s offices in San Francisco on Aug. 29, 2019. ‘I haven’t slept for days,’ said Karla at the time, out of concern that her daughter could lose vital medical treatment in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bueso and her family were subsequently able to renew their deferred action status several times. Bueso has since become a nationally renowned advocate for people with rare diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Bueso graduated summa cum laude from CSU East Bay, where she helped create a scholarship fund for students with disabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in early August, USCIS stopped reviewing almost all applications for deferred action, including those of immigrants in need of medical treatment in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 700 people had pending applications for the humanitarian protection at the time, including 420 who were sent denial letters, according to agency officials who testified at \u003ca href=\"https://oversight.house.gov/legislation/hearings/the-administration-s-apparent-revocation-of-medical-deferred-action-for\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a hearing\u003c/a> of the House Committee on Oversight and Reform in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the hearing, at which Bueso testified, USCIS officials were excoriated by several lawmakers, and public outcry grew in the following days. A week later, on Sept. 19, the agency announced it was resuming consideration of nonmilitary deferred action requests on a case-by-case basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renewal for Bueso and her family — which includes work permits — means Bueso’s father, Alberto, can continue his job in sales at an import-export company. His employment supports the family and pays for Bueso’s medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>USCIS declined to comment on Bueso’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>On Monday, Rep. Mark DeSaulnier, a Democrat representing Contra Costa County who championed Bueso’s case and called for the congressional hearing, said he tepidly applauded USCIS’ decision to allow Bueso to remain in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a good first step,” he said. “We’re continuing to work on a permanent solution, but at least this can reasonably reduce our fears for two years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeSaulnier introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/4225\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bill\u003c/a> in the House in late August that would grant legal permanent resident status to Bueso and her immediate family. Sens. Dianne Feinstein, D-California, and Lindsey Graham, R-South Carolina, introduced similar legislation in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In collaboration with Democratic Rep. Ayanna Pressley of Massachusetts, who also has constituents affected by the halt to deferred action, DeSaulnier said he is also working on a broader proposal to provide more permanent relief to other immigrants in need of medical treatment in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, Bueso was recognized by both the \u003ca href=\"https://rareadvocates.org/rare-disease-legislative-advocates-honor-leaders-who-inspire-transformational-public-policy-solutions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rare Disease Legislative Advocates\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://members.eastbayleadershipcouncil.com/blog/eblc-news-updates-97/post/isabel-bueso-and-betsy-biern-to-keynote-the-philanthropy-awards-21067\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">East Bay Leadership Council\u003c/a> for her work advocating for immigrants who depend on deferred action status to receive lifesaving medical treatment in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bueso said that she and her family have been living in limbo for the last six months, a period full of fear and stress. But her ordeal, she added, has also been an important learning experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I learned from this was to not be afraid — to speak up from your heart and to know that your voice matters,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A three-judge panel at the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco is considering the legality of a Trump administration policy that effectively bars most Central American migrants at the southern border from seeking asylum in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the administration’s so-called third-country rule, non-Mexicans are ineligible for asylum if they fail to apply for protection in a country they cross en route to the U.S., with very limited exceptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an emergency request by the government, the U.S. Supreme Court temporarily allowed the asylum restrictions to be implemented in September, while the case is litigated in lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That ruling came after months of legal wrangling, with a federal judge in Oakland \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11772775/judge-in-oakland-may-reinstate-nationwide-bar-on-asylum-restrictions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">blocking\u003c/a> the policy nationwide, and the 9th Circuit issuing a more limited injunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a court hearing on Monday, the 9th Circuit examined whether the asylum restrictions violate federal immigration law. The appellate judges seemed skeptical of again halting the policy nationwide. But they also suggested the Trump administration had failed to adequately examine safety conditions for asylum-seekers in Mexico or Guatemala before issuing the third-country rule in \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2019/07/15/dhs-and-doj-issue-third-country-asylum-rule\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">July\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By law, the U.S. is not supposed to force asylum-seekers to go to countries where they fear persecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Richard Clifton, an appointee of President George W. Bush, told U.S. Justice Department attorney Scott Stewart the government did not show a sufficient record that migrants in Mexico and Guatemala are safe and have access to full and fair asylum procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Safety, your honor, is not the primary point of the rule,” Stewart replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the primary point of asylum,” Clifton shot back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Eric Miller also pressed Stewart for evidence the departments of Justice and Homeland Security had grappled with the question of safety for Central American asylum-seekers in third countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where did you address the concern that Mexico really isn’t a safe place for people to apply?” asked Miller, who was appointed by President Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stewart argued the rule gives the U.S. “leverage” in ongoing diplomatic negotiations with foreign countries. He said the policy aims to tackle “unconstrained migration” and deter meritless asylum claims that the Trump administration says are clogging the immigration courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11761305,news_11761316' label='Related Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third-country rule is part of a series of steps the Trump administration has taken to reduce the number of Central Americans crossing the southern border, a situation top officials call a humanitarian and national security crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People in many cases who are coming to claim asylum in our borders and gain years-long release into our country do not have urgent claims,” Stewart, a deputy assistant attorney general, told the judges. “They’re not even trying to get relief in other countries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs — four California-based legal aid and immigrant rights organizations — contend Central American asylum-seekers don’t apply for protections in countries like Mexico because they risk violence and extortion. Many Mexican cities and states along the U.S. border are among the most violent in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the 9th Circuit judges seemed to resist the notion that a nationwide block was warranted for the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American Civil Liberties Union attorney Lee Gelernt argued the four plaintiff nonprofits — East Bay Sanctuary Covenant, Innovation Law Lab, Al Otro Lado and the Central American Resource Center — provide legal representation and guidance to a “significant number of people” who are applying for asylum across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our plaintiffs would be hurt without a nationwide injunction,” Gelernt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Clifton said he was “unpersuaded” by that justification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just telling me that ‘Well, it’s gonna make it harder for my clients in other parts of the country’ … It’s kind of a thin soup,” Clifton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of asylum requests by migrants from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras has grown dramatically in recent years, according to government \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Refugees_Asylees_2016_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statistics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under U.S. law, asylum protects people who can demonstrate a “well-founded fear of persecution” in their home country based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Homeland Security did not immediately respond to a request for information on the number of people affected so far by the third-country asylum policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is expected to return to the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A three-judge panel at the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco is considering the legality of a Trump administration policy that effectively bars most Central American migrants at the southern border from seeking asylum in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the administration’s so-called third-country rule, non-Mexicans are ineligible for asylum if they fail to apply for protection in a country they cross en route to the U.S., with very limited exceptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an emergency request by the government, the U.S. Supreme Court temporarily allowed the asylum restrictions to be implemented in September, while the case is litigated in lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That ruling came after months of legal wrangling, with a federal judge in Oakland \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11772775/judge-in-oakland-may-reinstate-nationwide-bar-on-asylum-restrictions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">blocking\u003c/a> the policy nationwide, and the 9th Circuit issuing a more limited injunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a court hearing on Monday, the 9th Circuit examined whether the asylum restrictions violate federal immigration law. The appellate judges seemed skeptical of again halting the policy nationwide. But they also suggested the Trump administration had failed to adequately examine safety conditions for asylum-seekers in Mexico or Guatemala before issuing the third-country rule in \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2019/07/15/dhs-and-doj-issue-third-country-asylum-rule\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">July\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By law, the U.S. is not supposed to force asylum-seekers to go to countries where they fear persecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Richard Clifton, an appointee of President George W. Bush, told U.S. Justice Department attorney Scott Stewart the government did not show a sufficient record that migrants in Mexico and Guatemala are safe and have access to full and fair asylum procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Safety, your honor, is not the primary point of the rule,” Stewart replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the primary point of asylum,” Clifton shot back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Eric Miller also pressed Stewart for evidence the departments of Justice and Homeland Security had grappled with the question of safety for Central American asylum-seekers in third countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where did you address the concern that Mexico really isn’t a safe place for people to apply?” asked Miller, who was appointed by President Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stewart argued the rule gives the U.S. “leverage” in ongoing diplomatic negotiations with foreign countries. He said the policy aims to tackle “unconstrained migration” and deter meritless asylum claims that the Trump administration says are clogging the immigration courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third-country rule is part of a series of steps the Trump administration has taken to reduce the number of Central Americans crossing the southern border, a situation top officials call a humanitarian and national security crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People in many cases who are coming to claim asylum in our borders and gain years-long release into our country do not have urgent claims,” Stewart, a deputy assistant attorney general, told the judges. “They’re not even trying to get relief in other countries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs — four California-based legal aid and immigrant rights organizations — contend Central American asylum-seekers don’t apply for protections in countries like Mexico because they risk violence and extortion. Many Mexican cities and states along the U.S. border are among the most violent in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the 9th Circuit judges seemed to resist the notion that a nationwide block was warranted for the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American Civil Liberties Union attorney Lee Gelernt argued the four plaintiff nonprofits — East Bay Sanctuary Covenant, Innovation Law Lab, Al Otro Lado and the Central American Resource Center — provide legal representation and guidance to a “significant number of people” who are applying for asylum across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our plaintiffs would be hurt without a nationwide injunction,” Gelernt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Clifton said he was “unpersuaded” by that justification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just telling me that ‘Well, it’s gonna make it harder for my clients in other parts of the country’ … It’s kind of a thin soup,” Clifton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of asylum requests by migrants from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras has grown dramatically in recent years, according to government \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Refugees_Asylees_2016_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statistics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under U.S. law, asylum protects people who can demonstrate a “well-founded fear of persecution” in their home country based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Homeland Security did not immediately respond to a request for information on the number of people affected so far by the third-country asylum policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is expected to return to the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "cost-of-citizenship-would-rise-60-under-trump-plan",
"title": "Cost of Citizenship Would Rise 60% Under Trump Plan",
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"content": "\u003cp>A recent proposal by the Trump administration to increase the cost of applying for U.S. citizenship will disproportionately affect low-income immigrants and could dissuade many green card holders from applying, immigration advocates say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed new rule, published on Nov. 14 by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/11/14/2019-24366/us-citizenship-and-immigration-services-fee-schedule-and-changes-to-certain-other-immigration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federal Register\u003c/a> with a month-long comment period, would raise the naturalization application fee for most eligible immigrants by more than 60 percent, from $725 to $1,170. It also would eliminate a fee waiver now available to low-income applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"citizenship\" label=\"Related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase is one of a number of immigration-related fee hikes proposed. Others would charge asylum seekers for filing applications and work permits, and increase the cost of renewal for recipients of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, or DACA, whose fate is currently being deliberated by the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/news/news-releases/uscis-proposes-adjust-fees-meet-operational-needs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statement\u003c/a>, Ken Cuccinelli, acting director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, said the increases were needed to support an “overextended system” with a deficit of more than $1 billion, but local immigration advocates argue the shortfall could be funded in other ways. They say the additional cost of applying for citizenship would present significant barriers for low-income green card holders since the higher fee is equivalent to roughly two weeks of pay for California workers making minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part of a coordinated and concerted effort to manipulate the immigration system and the naturalization system so that it becomes a system that favors the wealthy,” says Melissa Rodgers, director of programs at the San Francisco-based Immigrant Legal Resource Center. “It’s a vicious attack on vulnerable communities and it’s a vicious attack on communities of color who are going to be most affected by these changes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers estimated that up to \u003ca href=\"https://dornsife.usc.edu/assets/sites/731/docs/CSII_Citizenship_Brief_May2016_Final_Web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one-third\u003c/a> of the roughly 9 million people now eligible for naturalization could be priced out by the proposal. A 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/115/5/939.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> from Stanford University’s Immigration Policy Lab concluded that the current $725 fee already prevents a “considerable share” of low-income immigrants from applying for citizenship. The study also found that application rates for eligible, financially insecure immigrants increased by more than 40% when they were given vouchers that covered the cost of applying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Maricela Gutiérrez,executive director of SIREN\"]“Every penny counts for these families.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maricela Gutiérrez, executive director of the San Jose-based immigrant rights nonprofit SIREN, says clients have expressed concern about the possibility of higher fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of these clients have minimum wage jobs, they’re helping their children with college and book fees, and many of them live in rental units that are very expensive,” she says. “Every penny counts for these families. And another increase when they were putting away a certain amount of money for their applications will most likely delay when they can apply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others noted that the changes could potentially limit the number of people who would apply for naturalization and vote in the 2020 presidential election. Richard Hobbs, an immigration attorney in San Jose, says many of his clients are interested in becoming citizens so they can vote — a possibility that could become less likely for those who can’t afford the higher costs of applying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a very pointed policy to prevent immigrants from being able to vote,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Erica Hellerstein is a Mercury News reporter who is part of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/divide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The California Divide\u003c/a>, a collaboration among newsrooms examining income inequity and economic survival in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CalMatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A recent proposal by the Trump administration to increase the cost of applying for U.S. citizenship will disproportionately affect low-income immigrants and could dissuade many green card holders from applying, immigration advocates say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed new rule, published on Nov. 14 by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/11/14/2019-24366/us-citizenship-and-immigration-services-fee-schedule-and-changes-to-certain-other-immigration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federal Register\u003c/a> with a month-long comment period, would raise the naturalization application fee for most eligible immigrants by more than 60 percent, from $725 to $1,170. It also would eliminate a fee waiver now available to low-income applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase is one of a number of immigration-related fee hikes proposed. Others would charge asylum seekers for filing applications and work permits, and increase the cost of renewal for recipients of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, or DACA, whose fate is currently being deliberated by the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/news/news-releases/uscis-proposes-adjust-fees-meet-operational-needs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statement\u003c/a>, Ken Cuccinelli, acting director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, said the increases were needed to support an “overextended system” with a deficit of more than $1 billion, but local immigration advocates argue the shortfall could be funded in other ways. They say the additional cost of applying for citizenship would present significant barriers for low-income green card holders since the higher fee is equivalent to roughly two weeks of pay for California workers making minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part of a coordinated and concerted effort to manipulate the immigration system and the naturalization system so that it becomes a system that favors the wealthy,” says Melissa Rodgers, director of programs at the San Francisco-based Immigrant Legal Resource Center. “It’s a vicious attack on vulnerable communities and it’s a vicious attack on communities of color who are going to be most affected by these changes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers estimated that up to \u003ca href=\"https://dornsife.usc.edu/assets/sites/731/docs/CSII_Citizenship_Brief_May2016_Final_Web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one-third\u003c/a> of the roughly 9 million people now eligible for naturalization could be priced out by the proposal. A 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/115/5/939.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> from Stanford University’s Immigration Policy Lab concluded that the current $725 fee already prevents a “considerable share” of low-income immigrants from applying for citizenship. The study also found that application rates for eligible, financially insecure immigrants increased by more than 40% when they were given vouchers that covered the cost of applying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maricela Gutiérrez, executive director of the San Jose-based immigrant rights nonprofit SIREN, says clients have expressed concern about the possibility of higher fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of these clients have minimum wage jobs, they’re helping their children with college and book fees, and many of them live in rental units that are very expensive,” she says. “Every penny counts for these families. And another increase when they were putting away a certain amount of money for their applications will most likely delay when they can apply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others noted that the changes could potentially limit the number of people who would apply for naturalization and vote in the 2020 presidential election. Richard Hobbs, an immigration attorney in San Jose, says many of his clients are interested in becoming citizens so they can vote — a possibility that could become less likely for those who can’t afford the higher costs of applying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a very pointed policy to prevent immigrants from being able to vote,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Erica Hellerstein is a Mercury News reporter who is part of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/divide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The California Divide\u003c/a>, a collaboration among newsrooms examining income inequity and economic survival in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CalMatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A group of South Bay religious and community leaders are calling for the resignation of White House adviser Stephen Miller after the Southern Poverty Law Center this week exposed emails he sent to Breitbart pushing white supremacist ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stephen Miller represents an existential threat to who we are as a Valley,” said Father John Pedigo at a press conference held Friday at the Amigos de Guadalupe Center for Justice and Empowerment in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside link1=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/08/12/542811416/-that-s-stephen-white-house-adviser-s-controversial-style-dates-back-to-his-yout,White House Adviser's Controversial Style Dates Back To His Youth\" link2=\"https://video.kqed.org/video/hateful-words-1573761343/,Alleged Stephen Miller Emails Reference White Nationalism\"]Pedigo, the advocacy and community engagement director for Catholic Charities of Santa Clara County, said Silicon Valley is made up of people from all walks of lives and faiths. “We are a valley of immigrants. We are a valley of people from all over the world that work together,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stephen Miller, by giving preference according to race and white supremacy ideology, he creates all sorts of moral problems for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resignation demand comes after \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/stephen-miller-breitbart-emails\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">emails released by the Southern Poverty Law Center\u003c/a> earlier this week showed Miller exercised influence over the far-right website Breitbart, often pushing for harder anti-immigrant messaging and suggesting material from widely debunked white nationalist sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, over 900 private emails were reviewed and the vast majority concerned issues of race or immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to their review, Miller pushes source material to Breitbart that includes “a ‘white genocide’-themed novel, xenophobic conspiracy theories and eugenics-era immigration laws that Adolf Hitler lauded in Mein Kampf.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hatewatch was unable to find any examples of Miller writing sympathetically or even in neutral tones about any person who is nonwhite or foreign-born,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2019/11/12/stephen-millers-affinity-white-nationalism-revealed-leaked-emails\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wrote the Southern Poverty Law Center in their analysis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788275\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788275\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-800x610.jpg\" alt=\"South Bay religious and community leaders join in an interfaith prayer at the Amigos de Guadalupe Center for Justice and Empowerment in San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"610\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-800x610.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-1020x778.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-1200x915.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">South Bay religious and community leaders join in an interfaith prayer at the Amigos de Guadalupe Center for Justice and Empowerment in San Jose. \u003ccite>(Peter Jon Shuler/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although the emails are from 2015 and 2016, Miller went on to become a senior adviser to President Trump and is often considered the architect of many of the administration’s immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was those policies — from the travel ban to the separation of children from their parents at the border — that the community leaders in the South Bay specifically called out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11756535']“I’m a professor at San Jose State University and I’m here because my students, who are incredibly diverse, are nervous,” said Scott Myers-Lipton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re scared of this time that we live in and particularly of white supremacy. And we have a man that is in charge of immigration policy in this country that has been shown now to be dabbling, to be thinking about, to be promoting, to be encouraging white supremacist ideology. And my students deserve better than that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After various community leaders spoke, they then joined in an interfaith prayer and call-and-response before singing “We Shall Overcome.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House did not respond to requests for comment but has previously dismissed the Southern Poverty Law Center’s report as a left-wing smear campaign.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, over 900 private emails were reviewed and the vast majority concerned issues of race or immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to their review, Miller pushes source material to Breitbart that includes “a ‘white genocide’-themed novel, xenophobic conspiracy theories and eugenics-era immigration laws that Adolf Hitler lauded in Mein Kampf.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hatewatch was unable to find any examples of Miller writing sympathetically or even in neutral tones about any person who is nonwhite or foreign-born,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2019/11/12/stephen-millers-affinity-white-nationalism-revealed-leaked-emails\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wrote the Southern Poverty Law Center in their analysis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788275\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788275\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-800x610.jpg\" alt=\"South Bay religious and community leaders join in an interfaith prayer at the Amigos de Guadalupe Center for Justice and Empowerment in San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"610\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-800x610.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-1020x778.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders-1200x915.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/SJ-Leaders.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">South Bay religious and community leaders join in an interfaith prayer at the Amigos de Guadalupe Center for Justice and Empowerment in San Jose. \u003ccite>(Peter Jon Shuler/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although the emails are from 2015 and 2016, Miller went on to become a senior adviser to President Trump and is often considered the architect of many of the administration’s immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was those policies — from the travel ban to the separation of children from their parents at the border — that the community leaders in the South Bay specifically called out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>San Francisco District Attorney-Elect Chesa Boudin\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last Saturday, Deputy Public Defender Chesa Boudin declared victory in the close contest to elect San Francisco’s next district attorney. The race was too close to call on election night. But after four days of counting ballots, Suzy Loftus, who was appointed as interim district attorney by Mayor London Breed just weeks before the election, conceded to Boudin. Bernie Sanders congratulated Boudin on his victory, illustrating the national attention the race garnered and signifying that criminal justice reforms appear to be resonating with voters after decades of prison overcrowding and tough-on-crime initiatives.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chesa Boudin, San Francisco district attorney-elect\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Diplomats and Dueling Narratives: Televised Impeachment Hearings Begin\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, House Democrats kicked off two days of public hearings in their impeachment investigation of President Trump. On Friday, the former U.S. ambassador to Ukraine, Marie Yovanovitch, testified on Capitol Hill. She described the personal toll of being the target of a smear campaign led by Trump’s personal lawyer, Rudy Giuliani, that led to her removal and that she felt threatened by the president. During her testimony, Trump tweeted disparaging remarks about her and defended her dismissal. On Wednesday, two other career diplomats, George Kent and William Taylor Jr., also appeared before the committee, describing a shadow diplomatic effort led by Giuliani to pressure Ukraine to investigate Trump’s political rivals. GOP lawmakers accused them of political bias and dismissed their accounts as hearsay. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ron Elving, senior editor and White House correspondent, NPR\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Thanksgiving\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In less than two weeks, millions of friends and family will gather at dinner tables across America for Thanksgiving. Forty-six million turkeys will be gobbled up on the big day, according to the National Turkey Federation, a trade group representing turkey farmers and processors. But this year, sides may steal the Instagram spotlight from this finicky bird that takes hours or even days, depending on whether a brine is used, to cook expertly. And in a state as big and diverse as California, some immigrant communities are finding ways to fuse this fall feast with the flavors and traditions from their homelands. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ellen Fort, food editor, Sunset Magazine\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gil Payumo, co-owner and chef, Se\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ñor\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Sisig \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>San Francisco District Attorney-Elect Chesa Boudin\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last Saturday, Deputy Public Defender Chesa Boudin declared victory in the close contest to elect San Francisco’s next district attorney. The race was too close to call on election night. But after four days of counting ballots, Suzy Loftus, who was appointed as interim district attorney by Mayor London Breed just weeks before the election, conceded to Boudin. Bernie Sanders congratulated Boudin on his victory, illustrating the national attention the race garnered and signifying that criminal justice reforms appear to be resonating with voters after decades of prison overcrowding and tough-on-crime initiatives.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chesa Boudin, San Francisco district attorney-elect\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Diplomats and Dueling Narratives: Televised Impeachment Hearings Begin\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, House Democrats kicked off two days of public hearings in their impeachment investigation of President Trump. On Friday, the former U.S. ambassador to Ukraine, Marie Yovanovitch, testified on Capitol Hill. She described the personal toll of being the target of a smear campaign led by Trump’s personal lawyer, Rudy Giuliani, that led to her removal and that she felt threatened by the president. During her testimony, Trump tweeted disparaging remarks about her and defended her dismissal. On Wednesday, two other career diplomats, George Kent and William Taylor Jr., also appeared before the committee, describing a shadow diplomatic effort led by Giuliani to pressure Ukraine to investigate Trump’s political rivals. GOP lawmakers accused them of political bias and dismissed their accounts as hearsay. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ron Elving, senior editor and White House correspondent, NPR\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Thanksgiving\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In less than two weeks, millions of friends and family will gather at dinner tables across America for Thanksgiving. Forty-six million turkeys will be gobbled up on the big day, according to the National Turkey Federation, a trade group representing turkey farmers and processors. But this year, sides may steal the Instagram spotlight from this finicky bird that takes hours or even days, depending on whether a brine is used, to cook expertly. And in a state as big and diverse as California, some immigrant communities are finding ways to fuse this fall feast with the flavors and traditions from their homelands. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>University of California President Janet Napolitano strode into the Hercules High School gymnasium last week to address a couple hundred of the school’s sophomores and juniors as part of a UC college fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the first time Napolitano had visited a high school in West Contra Costa County, and Hercules was her choice, she said, because the school’s mix of students represents the future of California. The student body is divided about evenly between Latinx, African American, Asian and Filipino students. About half the school’s students qualify for free or reduced lunch, and many are potential first-generation college goers who come from immigrant families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were Napolitano’s target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We get a lot of students from Hercules High,” she told the students. “We want more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Napolitano, who plans to retire next year, likes to tout the progress her administration has made to increase the number of first-generation students at UC campuses. Two years ago, UC enlisted over 1,000 faculty throughout the system who were first-generation students themselves to step forward and mentor newcomers. In 2016, there were 88,242 first-generation undergraduates system-wide, about a quarter of them coming in as transfers from California community colleges. Napolitano said by the time she steps down in August, 42% of UC’s undergrads will be the first in their families to attend college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Chyna Oyola, college adviser at Hercules High\"]‘[Housing] can be a make-or-break factor. It can be as much as tuition depending on where you are going.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can afford a UC education,” Napolitano told the Hercules students. “If you come from a family that makes less than $80,000 a year, you pay no tuition or fees to attend the University of California. And there is other financial aid available to help you with the cost of housing and books.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those room-and-board costs can be enough to derail a first-generation student’s aspirations, according to Chyna Oyola, a college adviser at Hercules High.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes it can be a make-or-break factor. It can be as much as tuition depending on where you are going,” said Oyola. “Even if they get scholarships, it takes $10,000 plus to go to a four-year. If there are no scholarships it is either out-of-pocket or you don’t go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hercules High Principal Paul Mansingh said many first-generation college goers from his school have other reasons for not wanting to attend a UC, including distance from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Moving away from family, sometimes 600 miles away … there are a lot of reasons why a student would want to stay close to home and go to a community college instead: community, finances, family and food,” said Mansingh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Napolitano’s message resonated with Penelope Wu, a junior at Hercules High. She’s thinking a lot about college right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really stressing me out because next year I have to start my applications,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11785353\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11785353 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Hercules-High-juniors-Emilio-De-La-Paz-and-Penelope-Wu-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Hercules High juniors Emilio De La Paz (left) and Penelope Wu are applying to UCs.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hercules High juniors Emilio De La Paz (left) and Penelope Wu are applying to UCs. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wu said she thinks Napolitano’s message that Hercules students can get into and afford the UCs if they try, is realistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know a lot of high school students are all like ‘Oh my gosh I can’t get into college, I don’t have good grades.’ but I believe if junior year they start thinking about it and put in the effort, if they really want to go, they will get in,” she said. “I’m shooting for a UC but I know many of my classmates want to save a lot more money … I also believe going to community college for two years and then transferring is a very good path to take.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Principal Mansingh said his school has partnered with UC Berkeley to try and get more of its students into UC campuses. Last year 88 students applied, 58 were accepted and 40 ended up enrolling, out of a senior class of 250.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mansingh credits his partnership with the college adviser Oyola with helping get Hercules students through the process. Oyola is one of 52 advisers UC Berkeley sends to high schools across the state to help under-privileged students apply to and afford college. She’s in her second year at Hercules as part of a college advising corps which hires recent college graduates to return to their communities as mentors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to work toward educational equity,” Oyola said. “So when they recruited me I was like ‘Oh wow, I can get paid to do this?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://dcac.berkeley.edu/\">UC Berkeley outreach program\u003c/a> has been around for over a decade but it wasn’t until last year that UC Merced replicated the program. UC Santa Barbara followed suit this year, and UCLA plans to start a similar program in 2020. With the typical ratio of California high school counselors to students \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2019/many-california-schools-have-police-but-no-counselors-aclu-report-finds/609643\">at nearly 700 to 1\u003c/a>, the addition of these mentors focused on college admissions in under served schools makes a difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oyola works to help students like Antania Ford apply and find financial aid, a process parents who haven’t already attended college may not be familiar with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786227\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786227\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-800x988.jpg\" alt=\"Hercules High student Antania Ford wants to attend UCLA, but she says she may opt for Diablo Valley Community College to save money.\" width=\"800\" height=\"988\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-800x988.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-160x198.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-1020x1259.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-972x1200.jpg 972w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford.jpg 1512w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hercules High student Antania Ford wants to attend UCLA, but she says she may opt for Diablo Valley Community College to save money. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’m thinking about UCLA, Riverside, Santa Barbara. A lot of my family has been there and I’ve been there for breaks and it’s my type of environment,” said Ford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford said she’s willing to pay “whatever,” even if it means borrowing. “It’s really expensive. Sometimes I think about going to a community for two [years] to do the regular basic classes and then transfer to save a little bit more money and help my parents,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Student Housing Costs May Be the Biggest Hurdle\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Despite UC waiving tuition and fees for students from families earning less than $80,000 per year, California’s affordable housing crisis is a huge barrier for an increasing number of students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The cost of housing in many instances is higher than the cost of tuition,” said Napolitano. “So covering that housing cost is really important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More From the College Try Series\" tag=\"college-try\"]But progress toward creating more affordable housing for students has been slow, especially in Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A UC Berkeley Master Plan Task Force \u003ca href=\"http://evcp.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/housing_master_plan_task_force_final_draft_january_2017.pdf\">report\u003c/a> found UC Berkeley alone would need 15,600 beds to house 50% of undergrads and 25% of graduate students, about double its current number of beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of 2016, the UC was providing housing, on average, for 38.1% of undergraduates and for 19.6% of graduate students across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are on a housing construction binge,” said Napolitano. “Since I announced the presidential student housing initiative in 2016 we have added 17,000 beds and we have another 12,000 beds on the drawing board throughout the system. All the student housing that we build has to be substantially below market rent. Plus, when students live in student housing they have better retention, they form community, we call them living and learning communities. It really enriches the college experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hercules High junior Emilio De La Paz, 16, said he was surprised Napolitano came to his school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I have a feeling she sees a lot of potential in this school. I feel like everyone should have the opportunity to go to college. I’m trying to prepare to get to a UC, I think it’s doable,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our series The College Try about what it takes to get a higher degree in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hercules High Principal Paul Mansingh said many first-generation college goers from his school have other reasons for not wanting to attend a UC, including distance from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Moving away from family, sometimes 600 miles away … there are a lot of reasons why a student would want to stay close to home and go to a community college instead: community, finances, family and food,” said Mansingh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Napolitano’s message resonated with Penelope Wu, a junior at Hercules High. She’s thinking a lot about college right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really stressing me out because next year I have to start my applications,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11785353\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11785353 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Hercules-High-juniors-Emilio-De-La-Paz-and-Penelope-Wu-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Hercules High juniors Emilio De La Paz (left) and Penelope Wu are applying to UCs.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hercules High juniors Emilio De La Paz (left) and Penelope Wu are applying to UCs. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wu said she thinks Napolitano’s message that Hercules students can get into and afford the UCs if they try, is realistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know a lot of high school students are all like ‘Oh my gosh I can’t get into college, I don’t have good grades.’ but I believe if junior year they start thinking about it and put in the effort, if they really want to go, they will get in,” she said. “I’m shooting for a UC but I know many of my classmates want to save a lot more money … I also believe going to community college for two years and then transferring is a very good path to take.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Principal Mansingh said his school has partnered with UC Berkeley to try and get more of its students into UC campuses. Last year 88 students applied, 58 were accepted and 40 ended up enrolling, out of a senior class of 250.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mansingh credits his partnership with the college adviser Oyola with helping get Hercules students through the process. Oyola is one of 52 advisers UC Berkeley sends to high schools across the state to help under-privileged students apply to and afford college. She’s in her second year at Hercules as part of a college advising corps which hires recent college graduates to return to their communities as mentors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to work toward educational equity,” Oyola said. “So when they recruited me I was like ‘Oh wow, I can get paid to do this?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://dcac.berkeley.edu/\">UC Berkeley outreach program\u003c/a> has been around for over a decade but it wasn’t until last year that UC Merced replicated the program. UC Santa Barbara followed suit this year, and UCLA plans to start a similar program in 2020. With the typical ratio of California high school counselors to students \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2019/many-california-schools-have-police-but-no-counselors-aclu-report-finds/609643\">at nearly 700 to 1\u003c/a>, the addition of these mentors focused on college admissions in under served schools makes a difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oyola works to help students like Antania Ford apply and find financial aid, a process parents who haven’t already attended college may not be familiar with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786227\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786227\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-800x988.jpg\" alt=\"Hercules High student Antania Ford wants to attend UCLA, but she says she may opt for Diablo Valley Community College to save money.\" width=\"800\" height=\"988\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-800x988.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-160x198.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-1020x1259.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford-972x1200.jpg 972w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Antania-Ford.jpg 1512w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hercules High student Antania Ford wants to attend UCLA, but she says she may opt for Diablo Valley Community College to save money. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’m thinking about UCLA, Riverside, Santa Barbara. A lot of my family has been there and I’ve been there for breaks and it’s my type of environment,” said Ford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford said she’s willing to pay “whatever,” even if it means borrowing. “It’s really expensive. Sometimes I think about going to a community for two [years] to do the regular basic classes and then transfer to save a little bit more money and help my parents,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Student Housing Costs May Be the Biggest Hurdle\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Despite UC waiving tuition and fees for students from families earning less than $80,000 per year, California’s affordable housing crisis is a huge barrier for an increasing number of students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The cost of housing in many instances is higher than the cost of tuition,” said Napolitano. “So covering that housing cost is really important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But progress toward creating more affordable housing for students has been slow, especially in Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A UC Berkeley Master Plan Task Force \u003ca href=\"http://evcp.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/housing_master_plan_task_force_final_draft_january_2017.pdf\">report\u003c/a> found UC Berkeley alone would need 15,600 beds to house 50% of undergrads and 25% of graduate students, about double its current number of beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of 2016, the UC was providing housing, on average, for 38.1% of undergraduates and for 19.6% of graduate students across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are on a housing construction binge,” said Napolitano. “Since I announced the presidential student housing initiative in 2016 we have added 17,000 beds and we have another 12,000 beds on the drawing board throughout the system. All the student housing that we build has to be substantially below market rent. Plus, when students live in student housing they have better retention, they form community, we call them living and learning communities. It really enriches the college experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hercules High junior Emilio De La Paz, 16, said he was surprised Napolitano came to his school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I have a feeling she sees a lot of potential in this school. I feel like everyone should have the opportunity to go to college. I’m trying to prepare to get to a UC, I think it’s doable,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our series The College Try about what it takes to get a higher degree in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"planet-money": {
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
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