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Some have more traditional names like “Mountain View Staffing” and “Palo Alto Staffing.” Others have gone the startup-type route with business names like Akraya. Many specialize in a particular kind of work like IT, security or transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tilly said in the investor-dependent, quick-pivot world of Silicon Valley, the advantages of the contractor model are even more valuable because it allows firms to quickly scale up and scale down projects with labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, this model saves tech firms money in benefits, too, since it would cost a lot to give contractors the same generous packages used to attract high-skilled programmers and software developers, said Chauhan, who worked in staffing at Microsoft in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In older industries like auto manufacturing, unions guard against switching employees to contractors, but that’s not the case for new companies in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These companies start out with a tabula rasa,” a blank slate, Tilly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Stuck in Contracting for Years\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>All of the temporary contract workers in this story hoped to move on or convert to employee status, but at most tech companies there is no direct path for them to do so. Companies like Google have policies that direct managers not to discuss the potential of converting to full-time work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the reason for this firm barrier between contractors and employees is legal protection from what are known as misclassification lawsuits. Chauhan said tech companies’ caution over misclassification issues started back at Microsoft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1990s, Microsoft had hired lots of contractors to do everything from IT work to software development. Some of these workers got stuck in contracting roles for years and ended up filing a class-action lawsuit against Microsoft for how it was “permatemping” its workers. After almost a decade of battling the lawsuit, \u003ca href=\"https://www.computerworld.com/article/2589538/it-personnel-microsoft-to-pay-97-million-to-settle-permatemp-case.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Microsoft settled for $97 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After Microsoft lost,” Chauhan said, “every contingent staffing department at every large company started setting up rules over how to best utilize contractors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chauhan said that to avoid legal trouble, companies do two things: They require staffing agencies to offer some kind of benefit package to workers to make them feel like they’re employees of the agency, not the tech company. And the companies require short-term contracts, a year or 18 months at most, which means contractors never settle into a permanent job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Contract worker in Silicon Valley who did language processing at Google']‘We’re right there looking through the glass at people having this sort of wondrous experience, given loads and loads of perks and benefits; but we don’t get any of it, even though we’re effectively doing the same work.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This leaves contract workers who want full-time work in a tricky position, with some believing they can break through if they try hard enough. One worker at Google said he was working overtime, even though he wasn’t supposed to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve found myself working secretly after hours, trying to avoid my manager if they’re around,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This worker grew up in the Bay Area and recently became a contract worker in tech. He is hoping to jump to full-time employment and build a career in the industry. But in his first months on the job, he is concerned he is not doing enough work in his contract role to move to full time and that he may be let go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You feel like a full-time employee and you feel like you’re going to be evaluated as a full-time employee,” he said. “But on the books and in your paycheck and your benefits — and some of the way you’re treated — you’re not a full-time employee.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2019/04/ShadowWorkforceBadgesHarnettTCRAM.mp3\" title=\"Silicon Valley's Shadow Workforce\" program=\"KQED News\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/RS8537_IMG_9782-scr-e1405355033607.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many white-collar contract workers see full-time employment as the only way to have a decent life in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A worker at a major Silicon Valley tech company has been waiting to get a full-time job so he can bring his pregnant wife and their young child — both who live in another country — to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after more than four years working contract to contract at different companies, it doesn’t look like he will land a full-time job soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m willing to work really hard to eventually have a path for conversion,” he said. “As long as that’s possible, I’m going to keep trying. There’s nothing else I can do, really.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2019/04/ShawdowWorkforce4HarnettTCRAM.mp3\" title=\"Waiting to Work Full Time\" program=\"KQED News\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/11/1928_transform.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘A Two-Tiered Caste System’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One worker interviewed for this story had previously been an adjunct professor at an Ivy League university. Adjuncts receive far less pay than full professors and have limited to no job security; tenured professor jobs are difficult to come by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worker left for a tech job, hoping to find the kind of steady career path that wasn’t available in academia. She couldn’t believe the similarities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I found myself in effectively the same situation,” she said, “It’s totally a two-tiered sort of caste system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2019/04/HarnettShadowWorkforce1.mp3\" title=\"Contracting White-Collar Workers\" program=\"KQED News\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GoogleWalkout.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://news.ucsc.edu/2016/03/contract-worker-study.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2016 study\u003c/a> of the contract workforce in Santa Clara County found deep racial and economic divides between contractors and full-time workers in the tech industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Latinos and African Americans are underrepresented in Silicon Valley and in the tech industry as a whole. Often when they do get jobs, they aren’t hired as employees, but instead brought on as contractors. You can see that reflected in the UC Santa Cruz study numbers in Santa Clara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The study found that while African Americans and Latinos make up only 7% of full-time employees, they account for 26% of white-collar contractors and 56% of blue-collar contractors. So, as you go from the preferred full-time jobs down to white-collar contractors and finally blue-collar contractors, you see fewer and fewer white workers and more and more African Americans and Latinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The study also found that contractors more often depend on public services and are vulnerable to homelessness, too, said Chris Benner, a professor of environmental studies and sociology who co-authored the study published by UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contract worker previously employed at Salesforce and Juul said that as a Latina she has experienced tech’s racial gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only people that I see that look like me, they’re cleaning up,” she said. “They’re doing custodial services. They’re at the front desk greeting people. They aren’t actually in the office.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2019/04/HarnettTechContractor2.mp3\" title=\"A Tech Caste System\" program=\"KQED News\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/951945140.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Contract Workers Increasingly Voice Their Concerns\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard for contract workers to organize: They often aren’t at companies long enough to form bonds with other workers and push for changes to the system. They also fear they could lose their jobs by speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, some tech contractors have taken a stand: In 1998, Microsoft contractors formed WashTech/CWA to fight for higher pay and benefits. And in 2016, labor organizers succeeded in getting a union for bus drivers at tech companies like Facebook and Apple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='silicon-valley' label='Coverage of the Silicon Valley']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, contractors are speaking out through groups like Silicon Valley Rising and the Tech Workers Coalition. They’ve helped organize protests and published open letters to tech CEOs demanding better treatment. Some of the workers we spoke with for this story contacted us through these organizing groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under increasing pressure from workers, tech companies have been addressing the contracting model. \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/policy/technology/436939-google-will-require-healthcare-parental-leave-for-extended-workforce\">In response to a letter demanding equal treatment\u003c/a> for contractors signed by Google employees, the company said it will require staffing firms to provide health insurance, 12 hours of paid parental leave and at least $15 an hour. Staffing agencies must comply by 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least one of the workers interviewed for this story succeeded in getting a full-time job. She is at a small company, different from where she did contract work, and is relieved to have some stability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wants to use her role as an employee to advocate for contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m hoping to tell people at my new company how important it is to treat their contractors with respect. How important benefits and sick time is for these workers.” She said “it’s hard to imagine changing a big tech company,” but she hopes she can stick her foot in the door where she can and push for small changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Tech Companies are Responding\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>KQED asked 10 tech companies about their response to concerns from contract workers. Apple, Palantir, Salesforce and Juul did not respond, while Oracle and Microsoft declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in 2015, Facebook required vendor partners to provide a minimum set of benefits to “their employees,” a spokesperson said in an email. That includes 15 paid days off, $4,000 for new parents and a guaranteed $15 an hour minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel strongly that agencies should provide fair compensation and benefits for all contractors,” a Twitter spokesperson said in a statement. A Cisco representative made a similar comment, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon said contractors made up a small part — a single-digit percentage — of the company’s U.S. workforce. Also, unlike many other tech firms, Amazon encourages contractors to apply for full-time roles — with nearly 1-in-4 such workers hired for permanent jobs in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Just because someone has a tech job in Silicon Valley, it doesn’t mean they are pulling in a high salary with loads of paid time off, piles of free food and private buses to shuttle them to and from work. Contract workers often don’t share in these perks, even if they’re doing white-collar jobs like developing software, analyzing data or running the servers these tech companies depend on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re right there looking through the glass at people having this sort of wondrous experience, given loads and loads of perks and benefits. But we don’t get any of it, even though we’re effectively doing the same work,” said one contract worker who did language processing at Google. Like all of the workers interviewed for this story, she asked to remain anonymous for fear of losing her job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White-collar contractors often don’t work directly for tech companies but for third-party staffing firms. The workers typically earn less than their employee counterparts and have to pay for things like riding the shuttle — which is free for full-timers — to work. They may have limited access to the company campus, and aren’t invited to certain trips, parties and events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a contractor you’re treated like you’re less than everyone else,” said a Latina who did contract work at both Salesforce and the e-cigarette company Juul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total number of contract workers in Silicon Valley is unknown. But experts, academics and labor advocates interviewed for this story estimated more than 100,000 white- and blue-collar contractors are working in tech, doing jobs ranging from janitorial work to programming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How and Why Silicon Valley Latched on to Contracting\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Since the late 1980s, companies nationwide have been switching their labor force over from employees to contractors. Contract workers are often cheaper than employees, they can be hired and fired more easily, and investors generally like to see lower employee headcounts. Silicon Valley has not only been part of this trend, but on the vanguard of it, said Chris Tilly, a UCLA professor who studies labor markets, inequality and public policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Silicon Valley and the tech sector is definitely way out in front of most sectors when it comes to contracting,” Tilly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is how it works in Silicon Valley: The companies go to a staffing firm with a bid and say, “Hey, we need X amount of workers for X price to do something like IT, build out a new division for, say, autonomous cars, or do our janitorial work,” said Pradeep Chauhan, who runs OnContracting — a rating and reviews website for workers to learn about conditions at different temp staffing agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chauhan said there are more than 1,000 staffing agencies in Silicon Valley. Some have more traditional names like “Mountain View Staffing” and “Palo Alto Staffing.” Others have gone the startup-type route with business names like Akraya. Many specialize in a particular kind of work like IT, security or transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tilly said in the investor-dependent, quick-pivot world of Silicon Valley, the advantages of the contractor model are even more valuable because it allows firms to quickly scale up and scale down projects with labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, this model saves tech firms money in benefits, too, since it would cost a lot to give contractors the same generous packages used to attract high-skilled programmers and software developers, said Chauhan, who worked in staffing at Microsoft in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In older industries like auto manufacturing, unions guard against switching employees to contractors, but that’s not the case for new companies in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These companies start out with a tabula rasa,” a blank slate, Tilly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Stuck in Contracting for Years\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>All of the temporary contract workers in this story hoped to move on or convert to employee status, but at most tech companies there is no direct path for them to do so. Companies like Google have policies that direct managers not to discuss the potential of converting to full-time work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the reason for this firm barrier between contractors and employees is legal protection from what are known as misclassification lawsuits. Chauhan said tech companies’ caution over misclassification issues started back at Microsoft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1990s, Microsoft had hired lots of contractors to do everything from IT work to software development. Some of these workers got stuck in contracting roles for years and ended up filing a class-action lawsuit against Microsoft for how it was “permatemping” its workers. After almost a decade of battling the lawsuit, \u003ca href=\"https://www.computerworld.com/article/2589538/it-personnel-microsoft-to-pay-97-million-to-settle-permatemp-case.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Microsoft settled for $97 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After Microsoft lost,” Chauhan said, “every contingent staffing department at every large company started setting up rules over how to best utilize contractors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chauhan said that to avoid legal trouble, companies do two things: They require staffing agencies to offer some kind of benefit package to workers to make them feel like they’re employees of the agency, not the tech company. And the companies require short-term contracts, a year or 18 months at most, which means contractors never settle into a permanent job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This leaves contract workers who want full-time work in a tricky position, with some believing they can break through if they try hard enough. One worker at Google said he was working overtime, even though he wasn’t supposed to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve found myself working secretly after hours, trying to avoid my manager if they’re around,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This worker grew up in the Bay Area and recently became a contract worker in tech. He is hoping to jump to full-time employment and build a career in the industry. But in his first months on the job, he is concerned he is not doing enough work in his contract role to move to full time and that he may be let go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You feel like a full-time employee and you feel like you’re going to be evaluated as a full-time employee,” he said. “But on the books and in your paycheck and your benefits — and some of the way you’re treated — you’re not a full-time employee.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many white-collar contract workers see full-time employment as the only way to have a decent life in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A worker at a major Silicon Valley tech company has been waiting to get a full-time job so he can bring his pregnant wife and their young child — both who live in another country — to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after more than four years working contract to contract at different companies, it doesn’t look like he will land a full-time job soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m willing to work really hard to eventually have a path for conversion,” he said. “As long as that’s possible, I’m going to keep trying. There’s nothing else I can do, really.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘A Two-Tiered Caste System’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One worker interviewed for this story had previously been an adjunct professor at an Ivy League university. Adjuncts receive far less pay than full professors and have limited to no job security; tenured professor jobs are difficult to come by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worker left for a tech job, hoping to find the kind of steady career path that wasn’t available in academia. She couldn’t believe the similarities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I found myself in effectively the same situation,” she said, “It’s totally a two-tiered sort of caste system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://news.ucsc.edu/2016/03/contract-worker-study.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2016 study\u003c/a> of the contract workforce in Santa Clara County found deep racial and economic divides between contractors and full-time workers in the tech industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Latinos and African Americans are underrepresented in Silicon Valley and in the tech industry as a whole. Often when they do get jobs, they aren’t hired as employees, but instead brought on as contractors. You can see that reflected in the UC Santa Cruz study numbers in Santa Clara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The study found that while African Americans and Latinos make up only 7% of full-time employees, they account for 26% of white-collar contractors and 56% of blue-collar contractors. So, as you go from the preferred full-time jobs down to white-collar contractors and finally blue-collar contractors, you see fewer and fewer white workers and more and more African Americans and Latinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The study also found that contractors more often depend on public services and are vulnerable to homelessness, too, said Chris Benner, a professor of environmental studies and sociology who co-authored the study published by UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contract worker previously employed at Salesforce and Juul said that as a Latina she has experienced tech’s racial gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only people that I see that look like me, they’re cleaning up,” she said. “They’re doing custodial services. They’re at the front desk greeting people. They aren’t actually in the office.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Contract Workers Increasingly Voice Their Concerns\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard for contract workers to organize: They often aren’t at companies long enough to form bonds with other workers and push for changes to the system. They also fear they could lose their jobs by speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, some tech contractors have taken a stand: In 1998, Microsoft contractors formed WashTech/CWA to fight for higher pay and benefits. And in 2016, labor organizers succeeded in getting a union for bus drivers at tech companies like Facebook and Apple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, contractors are speaking out through groups like Silicon Valley Rising and the Tech Workers Coalition. They’ve helped organize protests and published open letters to tech CEOs demanding better treatment. Some of the workers we spoke with for this story contacted us through these organizing groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under increasing pressure from workers, tech companies have been addressing the contracting model. \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/policy/technology/436939-google-will-require-healthcare-parental-leave-for-extended-workforce\">In response to a letter demanding equal treatment\u003c/a> for contractors signed by Google employees, the company said it will require staffing firms to provide health insurance, 12 hours of paid parental leave and at least $15 an hour. Staffing agencies must comply by 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least one of the workers interviewed for this story succeeded in getting a full-time job. She is at a small company, different from where she did contract work, and is relieved to have some stability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wants to use her role as an employee to advocate for contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m hoping to tell people at my new company how important it is to treat their contractors with respect. How important benefits and sick time is for these workers.” She said “it’s hard to imagine changing a big tech company,” but she hopes she can stick her foot in the door where she can and push for small changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Tech Companies are Responding\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>KQED asked 10 tech companies about their response to concerns from contract workers. Apple, Palantir, Salesforce and Juul did not respond, while Oracle and Microsoft declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in 2015, Facebook required vendor partners to provide a minimum set of benefits to “their employees,” a spokesperson said in an email. That includes 15 paid days off, $4,000 for new parents and a guaranteed $15 an hour minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel strongly that agencies should provide fair compensation and benefits for all contractors,” a Twitter spokesperson said in a statement. A Cisco representative made a similar comment, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon said contractors made up a small part — a single-digit percentage — of the company’s U.S. workforce. Also, unlike many other tech firms, Amazon encourages contractors to apply for full-time roles — with nearly 1-in-4 such workers hired for permanent jobs in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "as-grape-industry-changes-farmworkers-pick-up-extra-shifts-collecting-trash-at-coachella-festival",
"title": "As Grape Industry Changes, Farmworkers Pick Up Extra Shifts Collecting Trash at Coachella Festival",
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"content": "\u003cp>It was still dark in the eastern Coachella Valley when Enriqueta Magaña assembled her crew of about a dozen workers along a row of grapevines and demonstrated the work they’d be doing that day. She used both hands to snap small branches off the vines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11737874,news_11737834,news_11737988' label='The Coachella You Might Not Have Heard About']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to work hard,” Magaña, a field forewoman, told her crew that morning in early April. They all wore an unofficial uniform — pants, long-sleeved shirts, brimmed hats and bandannas — to protect their skin from the sun, which would soon bake the California desert. “It’s for the good of all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For three weekends this month, Magaña is giving similar advice to a crew cleaning up trash after the Coachella and Stagecoach music festivals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following eight-hour days in the fields, Magaña and many of her farmworkers change into another uniform — latex gloves and colored T-shirts — and head to the Empire Polo Club in Indio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the last concertgoers stumble out of the festival after midnight, the grounds look like “a garbage dump,” Magaña said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her crew work overnight, filling trash bags with soggy plastic cups, grease-stained plates and other objects left behind by attendees. By the time they finish their shift at 3:30 a.m., the grounds are spotless again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coachella 2017 was the highest-grossing festival in the world, according to the most recent statistics available from Pollstar, a publication focused on the concert industry. Working behind the scenes are area residents who, according to Magaña, earn minimum wage to make sure the grounds are pristine for each day’s festivities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741277\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741277\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Field supervisor Enriqueta Magaña has worked in the Coachella Valley's grape vineyards for two decades and at the Coachella festival for 10 years.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Field supervisor Enriqueta Magaña has worked in the Coachella Valley’s grape vineyards for two decades and at the Coachella festival for 10 years. \u003ccite>(Omar Ornelas/The Desert Sun)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The festivals coincide with the grape-growing season, so Magaña and her team typically labor all day in the fields, often amid sweltering temperatures, and then all night at the festivals, catching an hour or two of sleep and a cup of coffee in between shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the Coachella Valley, grape growers planted about 1,000 fewer acres in 2017 than they had in 2013, according to the Riverside County Agricultural Commissioner’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reduction in grapevines, Magaña said, has resulted in fewer hours of low-wage work in the fields. So residents continue picking up extra shifts at the festival, laboring in the shadows of an event that has made their hometown a household name.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/entertainment/music/coachella/2019/04/18/coachella-festival-farmworkers-pick-up-extra-shifts-collecting-trash/3474941002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read the full story via The Desert Sun\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It was still dark in the eastern Coachella Valley when Enriqueta Magaña assembled her crew of about a dozen workers along a row of grapevines and demonstrated the work they’d be doing that day. She used both hands to snap small branches off the vines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to work hard,” Magaña, a field forewoman, told her crew that morning in early April. They all wore an unofficial uniform — pants, long-sleeved shirts, brimmed hats and bandannas — to protect their skin from the sun, which would soon bake the California desert. “It’s for the good of all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For three weekends this month, Magaña is giving similar advice to a crew cleaning up trash after the Coachella and Stagecoach music festivals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following eight-hour days in the fields, Magaña and many of her farmworkers change into another uniform — latex gloves and colored T-shirts — and head to the Empire Polo Club in Indio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the last concertgoers stumble out of the festival after midnight, the grounds look like “a garbage dump,” Magaña said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her crew work overnight, filling trash bags with soggy plastic cups, grease-stained plates and other objects left behind by attendees. By the time they finish their shift at 3:30 a.m., the grounds are spotless again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coachella 2017 was the highest-grossing festival in the world, according to the most recent statistics available from Pollstar, a publication focused on the concert industry. Working behind the scenes are area residents who, according to Magaña, earn minimum wage to make sure the grounds are pristine for each day’s festivities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741277\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741277\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Field supervisor Enriqueta Magaña has worked in the Coachella Valley's grape vineyards for two decades and at the Coachella festival for 10 years.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Field-Supervisor-Enriqueta-Magana.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Field supervisor Enriqueta Magaña has worked in the Coachella Valley’s grape vineyards for two decades and at the Coachella festival for 10 years. \u003ccite>(Omar Ornelas/The Desert Sun)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The festivals coincide with the grape-growing season, so Magaña and her team typically labor all day in the fields, often amid sweltering temperatures, and then all night at the festivals, catching an hour or two of sleep and a cup of coffee in between shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the Coachella Valley, grape growers planted about 1,000 fewer acres in 2017 than they had in 2013, according to the Riverside County Agricultural Commissioner’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reduction in grapevines, Magaña said, has resulted in fewer hours of low-wage work in the fields. So residents continue picking up extra shifts at the festival, laboring in the shadows of an event that has made their hometown a household name.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/entertainment/music/coachella/2019/04/18/coachella-festival-farmworkers-pick-up-extra-shifts-collecting-trash/3474941002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read the full story via The Desert Sun\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Sacramento Teachers Stage One-Day Strike, Accuse District of Backtracking on Contract",
"title": "Sacramento Teachers Stage One-Day Strike, Accuse District of Backtracking on Contract",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This post will be updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of Sacramento public school teachers are participating in a one-day strike Thursday, demanding lower class sizes and other school improvements they say the district promised but never delivered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators and their supporters, including students, picketed outside C.K. McClatchy High School and held signs that read \"Honor our Contract,\" \"Keep Your Promises to Our Kids\" and \"Unfair Labor Practices Strike.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/MqAg-3gEKEw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Teachers Association President Eric Heins led teachers in chanting \"enough is enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Starting in West Virginia to Oklahoma to Arizona, all across the country teachers have been saying 'enough is enough,' \" Heins said. \"In L.A. they were saying 'enough is enough.' In Oakland they were saying 'enough is enough.' And now here in Sacramento they're standing up and they are saying ‘enough is enough.’ \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sacramento City Teachers Association, the union representing some 2,800 teachers, nurses and resource specialists, accuses the school district of backtracking on the terms of its 2017 agreement and \u003ca href=\"http://sacteachers.org/sac-teachers-vote-to-strike/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">engaging in unlawful labor practices. \u003c/a>As part of that deal, the union claims the district committed to reducing class sizes and hiring more nurses and counselors with funds it saved from switching to a cheaper health plan, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/education/article229083584.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento Bee reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t want to go on a strike, but that is our lawful way of getting the district to live up to its commitments,” SCTA President David Fisher wrote to the district last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/lilyjamali/status/1116350001020465152\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But officials with the Sacramento City Unified School District, which is grappling with a $35 million deficit and faces the threat of a state takeover, argues that the union is \u003ca href=\"https://www.scusd.edu/sites/main/files/file-attachments/response_letter_to_scta_4.2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">misinterpreting the agreement\u003c/a>, and that any savings must first be used to address the urgent budget crisis. The district has until the end of June to balance its budget, and is considering \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/education/article228245994.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">employee layoffs and program cuts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739403\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739403\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Spanish teacher Erik Saucedo and art teacher Jesse Carew, both from Hiram W. Johnson High School, both stressed the importance of electives and offering their students new opportunities to grow during a one-day teachers strike in Sacramento on April 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spanish teacher Erik Saucedo (left) and art teacher Jesse Carew, both from Hiram W. Johnson High School, both stressed the importance of electives and offering their students new opportunities to grow during a one-day teachers strike in Sacramento on April 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We have been seeking to work with you to honor the agreement as we understand it,” Superintendent Jorge Aguilar wrote to the teachers union earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As roughly 42,000 students and their families braced for the walkout, district spokesman Alex Barrios on Wednesday said that schools would remain open, with classes staffed by substitutes, school meals served and regular bus routes in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/lilyjamali/status/1116379578556018689\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, teachers voted overwhelmingly in favor of authorizing the strike, and the union recently confirmed the walkout following several failed mediation attempts with the district. Teachers plan to rally at noon outside the district's headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It marks the latest in a string of high-profile teacher strikes around the country over the last year, including recent walkouts in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11730085/oakland-teachers-reach-tentative-deal-with-district-to-end-strike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oakland in February\u003c/a> and Los Angeles in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento teachers last went on strike 30 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739399\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Annie Caditz, a French teacher at Hiram W. Johnson High School, partakes in a one-day strike in Sacramento on April 11, 2019 \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Lily Jamali contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This post will be updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of Sacramento public school teachers are participating in a one-day strike Thursday, demanding lower class sizes and other school improvements they say the district promised but never delivered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators and their supporters, including students, picketed outside C.K. McClatchy High School and held signs that read \"Honor our Contract,\" \"Keep Your Promises to Our Kids\" and \"Unfair Labor Practices Strike.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/MqAg-3gEKEw'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/MqAg-3gEKEw'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>California Teachers Association President Eric Heins led teachers in chanting \"enough is enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Starting in West Virginia to Oklahoma to Arizona, all across the country teachers have been saying 'enough is enough,' \" Heins said. \"In L.A. they were saying 'enough is enough.' In Oakland they were saying 'enough is enough.' And now here in Sacramento they're standing up and they are saying ‘enough is enough.’ \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sacramento City Teachers Association, the union representing some 2,800 teachers, nurses and resource specialists, accuses the school district of backtracking on the terms of its 2017 agreement and \u003ca href=\"http://sacteachers.org/sac-teachers-vote-to-strike/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">engaging in unlawful labor practices. \u003c/a>As part of that deal, the union claims the district committed to reducing class sizes and hiring more nurses and counselors with funds it saved from switching to a cheaper health plan, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/education/article229083584.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento Bee reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t want to go on a strike, but that is our lawful way of getting the district to live up to its commitments,” SCTA President David Fisher wrote to the district last month.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>But officials with the Sacramento City Unified School District, which is grappling with a $35 million deficit and faces the threat of a state takeover, argues that the union is \u003ca href=\"https://www.scusd.edu/sites/main/files/file-attachments/response_letter_to_scta_4.2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">misinterpreting the agreement\u003c/a>, and that any savings must first be used to address the urgent budget crisis. The district has until the end of June to balance its budget, and is considering \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/education/article228245994.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">employee layoffs and program cuts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739403\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739403\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Spanish teacher Erik Saucedo and art teacher Jesse Carew, both from Hiram W. Johnson High School, both stressed the importance of electives and offering their students new opportunities to grow during a one-day teachers strike in Sacramento on April 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike4.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spanish teacher Erik Saucedo (left) and art teacher Jesse Carew, both from Hiram W. Johnson High School, both stressed the importance of electives and offering their students new opportunities to grow during a one-day teachers strike in Sacramento on April 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We have been seeking to work with you to honor the agreement as we understand it,” Superintendent Jorge Aguilar wrote to the teachers union earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As roughly 42,000 students and their families braced for the walkout, district spokesman Alex Barrios on Wednesday said that schools would remain open, with classes staffed by substitutes, school meals served and regular bus routes in place.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Last month, teachers voted overwhelmingly in favor of authorizing the strike, and the union recently confirmed the walkout following several failed mediation attempts with the district. Teachers plan to rally at noon outside the district's headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It marks the latest in a string of high-profile teacher strikes around the country over the last year, including recent walkouts in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11730085/oakland-teachers-reach-tentative-deal-with-district-to-end-strike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oakland in February\u003c/a> and Los Angeles in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento teachers last went on strike 30 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739399\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/sacramento-teachers-strike2-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Annie Caditz, a French teacher at Hiram W. Johnson High School, partakes in a one-day strike in Sacramento on April 11, 2019 \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Lily Jamali contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Strippers Clash Over Employment Status in Dueling L.A. Protests",
"title": "Strippers Clash Over Employment Status in Dueling L.A. Protests",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Tensions over employment status in California were on display in downtown Los Angeles Tuesday as two groups of strippers debated whether they would be better off as employees or independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoisting signs that said, \"Keep politics out of strip clubs,\" and shouting \"1099,\" a reference to the tax documents used by contractors, strippers with the \u003ca href=\"http://stripperchoice.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Independent Entertainer Coalition\u003c/a> protested (with clothes on) in front of Los Angeles City Hall, demanding to continue working as independent contractors. Doing so, they said, would give them the freedom to work for as many employers as they want to and have more control over their schedules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue is the state Supreme Court’s 2018 Dynamex \u003ca href=\"https://scocal.stanford.edu/opinion/dynamex-operations-west-inc-v-superior-court-34584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision\u003c/a>, which makes it more difficult for California companies to classify workers as independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Megan Fowler, who dances at Déjà Vu strip club in Bakersfield, said that since her employment status changed from contractor to employee, the company that owns the club has slammed her with new fees that they hadn’t previously explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The club is now in full and complete control of us, and anything they want, they get,\" Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, a class action suit filed by 6,000 dancers in 25 clubs against Las Vegas-based Deja Vu Services, Inc., which owns the venues, forced the company to adhere to the Dynamex decision and reclassify its contracted performers as employees. Dancers are now accusing the company of retaliating against them by reducing their wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, most companies in California have ignored the Dynamex decision, but new action in Sacramento may force their hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bill now in the state Legislature, AB 5, would codify the Dynamex decision into law and could reclassify millions of California workers who have long been considered independent contractors. A 2017 UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/what-do-we-know-about-gig-work-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> showed that nearly 10 percent of California’s workforce is made up of freelancers and independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737598\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11737598\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deanna LaPoint, a Los Angeles nightclub entertainer, helped organize Tuesday's protest. \u003ccite>(Larry Buhl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The dancers said the Dynamex decision has negatively impacted them in recent months. As employees, they said, they still pay for their own clothes and make-up, but can no longer claim those as work expenses on their taxes, like they did while classified as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have an $11 shoe allowance that also comes out of our dance money,\" Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nearby counter-protest, members of the grassroots group \u003ca href=\"https://soldiersofpole.com/know-your-rights/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Soldiers of Pole\u003c/a> said they welcomed the change in employment status, but as employees were now demanding protections against discrimination and wage theft, in addition to health insurance and paid leave. Members of the group called the rival protest misguided, noting that even though there were certain downsides to being an employee, it still afforded the opportunity to receive many benefits not available to contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Domino Rey, a stripper who confronted the first group of anti-employee dancers, called for unity and explained that the solution to abusive employers was to unionize, not to return to being classified as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now that we’re employees, we can all come together and say ‘Hey, you know what, you’ve got to talk to us,'\" she said. \"We are in agreement that you have to go through our organization and negotiate with us about how much we get paid per hour, how long our shifts are, who we dance for.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tensions over employment status in California were on display in downtown Los Angeles Tuesday as two groups of strippers debated whether they would be better off as employees or independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoisting signs that said, \"Keep politics out of strip clubs,\" and shouting \"1099,\" a reference to the tax documents used by contractors, strippers with the \u003ca href=\"http://stripperchoice.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Independent Entertainer Coalition\u003c/a> protested (with clothes on) in front of Los Angeles City Hall, demanding to continue working as independent contractors. Doing so, they said, would give them the freedom to work for as many employers as they want to and have more control over their schedules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue is the state Supreme Court’s 2018 Dynamex \u003ca href=\"https://scocal.stanford.edu/opinion/dynamex-operations-west-inc-v-superior-court-34584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision\u003c/a>, which makes it more difficult for California companies to classify workers as independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Megan Fowler, who dances at Déjà Vu strip club in Bakersfield, said that since her employment status changed from contractor to employee, the company that owns the club has slammed her with new fees that they hadn’t previously explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The club is now in full and complete control of us, and anything they want, they get,\" Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, a class action suit filed by 6,000 dancers in 25 clubs against Las Vegas-based Deja Vu Services, Inc., which owns the venues, forced the company to adhere to the Dynamex decision and reclassify its contracted performers as employees. Dancers are now accusing the company of retaliating against them by reducing their wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, most companies in California have ignored the Dynamex decision, but new action in Sacramento may force their hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bill now in the state Legislature, AB 5, would codify the Dynamex decision into law and could reclassify millions of California workers who have long been considered independent contractors. A 2017 UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/what-do-we-know-about-gig-work-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> showed that nearly 10 percent of California’s workforce is made up of freelancers and independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737598\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11737598\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deanna LaPoint, a Los Angeles nightclub entertainer, helped organize Tuesday's protest. \u003ccite>(Larry Buhl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The dancers said the Dynamex decision has negatively impacted them in recent months. As employees, they said, they still pay for their own clothes and make-up, but can no longer claim those as work expenses on their taxes, like they did while classified as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have an $11 shoe allowance that also comes out of our dance money,\" Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nearby counter-protest, members of the grassroots group \u003ca href=\"https://soldiersofpole.com/know-your-rights/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Soldiers of Pole\u003c/a> said they welcomed the change in employment status, but as employees were now demanding protections against discrimination and wage theft, in addition to health insurance and paid leave. Members of the group called the rival protest misguided, noting that even though there were certain downsides to being an employee, it still afforded the opportunity to receive many benefits not available to contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Domino Rey, a stripper who confronted the first group of anti-employee dancers, called for unity and explained that the solution to abusive employers was to unionize, not to return to being classified as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now that we’re employees, we can all come together and say ‘Hey, you know what, you’ve got to talk to us,'\" she said. \"We are in agreement that you have to go through our organization and negotiate with us about how much we get paid per hour, how long our shifts are, who we dance for.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Lyft and Uber Drivers in S.F., L.A. Take to Streets in Push for Higher Wages",
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"content": "\u003cp>Protesting pay cuts, a small group of Lyft drivers and their supporters demonstrated on Monday in front of the Omni Hotel in downtown San Francisco, where executives of the ride-hailing company were reportedly courting investors in the run-up to their initial public offering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"San Francisco's about to get a bunch more millionaires, while the drivers who are out there making these executives rich are getting their wages cut,\" said Rebecca Stack-Martinez, a Lyft and Uber driver and organizer with \u003ca href=\"https://www.gigworkersrising.org/\">Gig Workers Rising\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers of both Lyft and Uber, which are soon expected to become publicly traded companies, say their compensation has steadily declined as both ride-hailing giants take an increasingly large chunk of profits form each ride. With Lyft expected to go public as early as this week, drivers say they're particularly concerned that the company will cut wages even further, amid pressure from investors to increase revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of drivers complain that they're having an increasingly hard time making a living behind the wheel, particularly with the high cost of gas and maintenance expenses factored in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11735422\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11735422\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Lyft drivers marching for higher wages in downtown San Francisco during a one-day strike on Mon., March 25.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lyft drivers marching for higher wages in downtown San Francisco during a one-day strike on Mon., March 25. \u003ccite>(Olivia Obineme/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Also on Monday, hundreds of ride-hailing drivers in greater Los Angeles staged a one-day strike, logging off the app and \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RideshareDriversUnite/videos/569944550151690/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">picketing outside\u003c/a> of Uber's suburban L.A. office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organized by \u003ca href=\"http://ridesharedriversunited.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rideshare Drivers United\u003c/a>, the strike was prompted by Uber's announcement last week that it was cutting drivers' per mile pay from 80 cents to 60 cents in Los Angeles County and parts of Orange County. The group is pressuring ride-hailing companies to increase driver pay while capping their commission at 10 percent. The group also wants to organize drivers without fear of retaliation and negotiate on their behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers for both companies are considered independent contractors, which makes them effectively self-employed. As such, they're ineligible for workers compensation and not subject to minimum wage requirements. They're also not part of any formal labor union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyft, which has tried to paint itself as a more worker-friendly alternative to Uber, said that its drivers get the benefit of complete flexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vast majority of drivers use Lyft as a temporary source of extra money,\" Lyft said in a statement. \"In fact, 91 percent drive fewer than 20 hours a week and many use Lyft as a supplemental option in addition to full-time work. We are always open to conversations around how we can make Lyft better for drivers, but what we hear from the majority is that this is a flexible option that works for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11735428\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11735428 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Valentina Tulau, a mother of five, started driving for Lyft in 2016, and said she started working for the rideshare company because of the 'flexibility' the work provided her to make time for her children. "They call us their 'driver partners' but are we really? I don’t think so," she said. "We are not in their meetings discussing pay."\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valentina Tulau, a mother of five, started driving for Lyft in 2016 because of the \"flexibility\" it gave her to care for her children. \"They call us their 'driver partners.' But are we really? I don’t think so,\" she said. \u003ccite>(Olivia Obineme/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But protestors at Monday's rally in San Francisco say the company is grossly underestimating the number of drivers who are relying on these gigs as their primary income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Lyft is in our town and we’re here in solidarity,\" said Kung Feng, head of Jobs with Justice San Francisco, which helped organize Monday's rally in San Francisco. \"They have to pay their fair share.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KCRW's Saul Gonzalez contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Protesting pay cuts, a small group of Lyft drivers and their supporters demonstrated on Monday in front of the Omni Hotel in downtown San Francisco, where executives of the ride-hailing company were reportedly courting investors in the run-up to their initial public offering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"San Francisco's about to get a bunch more millionaires, while the drivers who are out there making these executives rich are getting their wages cut,\" said Rebecca Stack-Martinez, a Lyft and Uber driver and organizer with \u003ca href=\"https://www.gigworkersrising.org/\">Gig Workers Rising\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers of both Lyft and Uber, which are soon expected to become publicly traded companies, say their compensation has steadily declined as both ride-hailing giants take an increasingly large chunk of profits form each ride. With Lyft expected to go public as early as this week, drivers say they're particularly concerned that the company will cut wages even further, amid pressure from investors to increase revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of drivers complain that they're having an increasingly hard time making a living behind the wheel, particularly with the high cost of gas and maintenance expenses factored in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11735422\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11735422\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Lyft drivers marching for higher wages in downtown San Francisco during a one-day strike on Mon., March 25.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_9990-7.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lyft drivers marching for higher wages in downtown San Francisco during a one-day strike on Mon., March 25. \u003ccite>(Olivia Obineme/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Also on Monday, hundreds of ride-hailing drivers in greater Los Angeles staged a one-day strike, logging off the app and \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RideshareDriversUnite/videos/569944550151690/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">picketing outside\u003c/a> of Uber's suburban L.A. office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organized by \u003ca href=\"http://ridesharedriversunited.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rideshare Drivers United\u003c/a>, the strike was prompted by Uber's announcement last week that it was cutting drivers' per mile pay from 80 cents to 60 cents in Los Angeles County and parts of Orange County. The group is pressuring ride-hailing companies to increase driver pay while capping their commission at 10 percent. The group also wants to organize drivers without fear of retaliation and negotiate on their behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers for both companies are considered independent contractors, which makes them effectively self-employed. As such, they're ineligible for workers compensation and not subject to minimum wage requirements. They're also not part of any formal labor union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyft, which has tried to paint itself as a more worker-friendly alternative to Uber, said that its drivers get the benefit of complete flexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vast majority of drivers use Lyft as a temporary source of extra money,\" Lyft said in a statement. \"In fact, 91 percent drive fewer than 20 hours a week and many use Lyft as a supplemental option in addition to full-time work. We are always open to conversations around how we can make Lyft better for drivers, but what we hear from the majority is that this is a flexible option that works for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11735428\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11735428 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Valentina Tulau, a mother of five, started driving for Lyft in 2016, and said she started working for the rideshare company because of the 'flexibility' the work provided her to make time for her children. "They call us their 'driver partners' but are we really? I don’t think so," she said. "We are not in their meetings discussing pay."\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_0019-18.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valentina Tulau, a mother of five, started driving for Lyft in 2016 because of the \"flexibility\" it gave her to care for her children. \"They call us their 'driver partners.' But are we really? I don’t think so,\" she said. \u003ccite>(Olivia Obineme/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But protestors at Monday's rally in San Francisco say the company is grossly underestimating the number of drivers who are relying on these gigs as their primary income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Lyft is in our town and we’re here in solidarity,\" said Kung Feng, head of Jobs with Justice San Francisco, which helped organize Monday's rally in San Francisco. \"They have to pay their fair share.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KCRW's Saul Gonzalez contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Google Employees Visit Washington in Push to End Mandatory Arbitration for All Workers",
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"content": "\u003cp>A group of Google employees visited Capitol Hill on Thursday to support legislation to curb mandatory arbitration, which forces workers to handle employment disputes behind closed doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They call themselves \"Googlers for Ending Forced Arbitration,\" and they just came off a big victory in Silicon Valley. The group succeeded in getting Google to stop requiring its full-time employees to sign arbitration clauses. Now, they're trying to build on that momentum to end the practice for all workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group went to Washington to present a bill co-sponsored by Bay Area congresswoman Jackie Speier. It aims to end forced arbitration for workers of all types in all industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This tech worker movement to end mandatory arbitration started with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714714/time-is-up-employee-unrest-grows-at-silicon-valley-companies\">a protest against sexual harassment at Google\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We demand structural change in the name of transparency, accountability and equity. We demand an end to forced arbitration.'\u003ccite> Google employee Celie O’Neil-Hart \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Tens of thousands of Google workers walked out last November, saying mandatory arbitration was silencing workers, especially around instances of sexual harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We demand structural change in the name of transparency, accountability and equity,\" said Google employee Celie O’Neil-Hart, who spoke at the protest. \"We demand an end to forced arbitration.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mandatory arbitration clauses force workers to settle disputes with their employer not in court, but behind closed doors with a company-appointed moderator. That means cases of sexual harassment, wage theft and discrimination may never become public the way they might in a court hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we really object to is this idea that you as an employee don’t have a choice in how you access justice,\" said Tanuja Gupta, one of the Google employees visiting Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google did not respond to request for comment on this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Hines, legislative director for the National Association of Consumer Advocates, said settling employee matters behind closed doors makes it harder to learn what’s going on inside corporations.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701484/google-reveals-48-employees-fired-for-sexual-harassment-in-last-2-years\">Google Reveals 48 Employees Fired for Sexual Harassment in Last 2 Years\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701484/google-reveals-48-employees-fired-for-sexual-harassment-in-last-2-years\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/AndyRubin-1180x844.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"It not only hurts their workers,\" Hines said, \"it hurts society at large, that we don’t know about the systemic misconduct of the corporation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hines pointed out that mandatory arbitration was not originally intended for workers. When the Federal Arbitration Act was enacted in 1925, it was used by corporations to resolve contract disputes. The idea was that companies could go to arbitration instead of suing and heading to court every time they had a disagreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But starting in the 1980s, a series of Supreme Court cases expanded mandatory arbitration. They made it legal for corporations to have consumers and workers sign away their right to go to court. In the last decade, court decisions have gone further, making it so that mandatory arbitration clauses can now have workers and consumers waive their right to participate in class-action lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanjukta Paul, a law professor at Wayne State University, said that for workers, mandatory arbitration is a really new thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1990s, a small percentage of workers had these clauses in their contracts. By the early 2000s that number was up to a quarter of all U.S. workers. Today, over half of the nation's workforce signs away their rights to courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725956/apple-google-criticized-for-carrying-app-that-lets-saudi-men-track-their-wives\">Apple, Google Criticized For Carrying App That Lets Saudi Men Track Their Wives\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725956/apple-google-criticized-for-carrying-app-that-lets-saudi-men-track-their-wives\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/absher-app_wide-cf0a19d261b88dd764d1fedebe098ce539351f88.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Paul said mandatory arbitration has become “a condition of working and therefore a condition of making a living. The more that this becomes the standard industry practice, the more you don’t really have a choice to avoid it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The push to end mandatory arbitration at Google is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11679302/in-a-direct-challenge-to-their-employers-tech-workers-begin-to-organize\">a growing culture of activism among tech workers\u003c/a>. Ever since the 2016 election, tech workers have become more outspoken politically, especially around how their companies are being run and what they are building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure from employees, companies like Adobe, Intuit and now Google have ended mandatory arbitration for full-time employees. But over half of Google’s workers are contractors — and they still have mandatory arbitration in their contracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One contract worker, who doesn’t want to use her name for fear of reprisal, showed me the part of her contract that deals with mandatory arbitration. In the seven-page document, it was the only part that was in bold and in all caps. Here’s what it says:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In consideration of my assignment with Google and its promise to arbitrate all disputes, I agree that, except as provided below, Google and I waive any right to a judge or jury trial in any dispute.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Her contract is with a third-party staffing company, even though she works at Google. At this point Google is not requiring those staffing companies to remove the mandatory arbitration clause from their contracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worker said she’s happy that full-time employees at Google are no longer forced into arbitration, but she’d like to see the same change applied to contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Googlers for Ending Forced Arbitration get what they want, then employees and contractors in all industries will no longer be subject to mandatory arbitration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A group of Google employees visited Capitol Hill on Thursday to support legislation to curb mandatory arbitration, which forces workers to handle employment disputes behind closed doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They call themselves \"Googlers for Ending Forced Arbitration,\" and they just came off a big victory in Silicon Valley. The group succeeded in getting Google to stop requiring its full-time employees to sign arbitration clauses. Now, they're trying to build on that momentum to end the practice for all workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group went to Washington to present a bill co-sponsored by Bay Area congresswoman Jackie Speier. It aims to end forced arbitration for workers of all types in all industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This tech worker movement to end mandatory arbitration started with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714714/time-is-up-employee-unrest-grows-at-silicon-valley-companies\">a protest against sexual harassment at Google\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We demand structural change in the name of transparency, accountability and equity. We demand an end to forced arbitration.'\u003ccite> Google employee Celie O’Neil-Hart \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Tens of thousands of Google workers walked out last November, saying mandatory arbitration was silencing workers, especially around instances of sexual harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We demand structural change in the name of transparency, accountability and equity,\" said Google employee Celie O’Neil-Hart, who spoke at the protest. \"We demand an end to forced arbitration.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mandatory arbitration clauses force workers to settle disputes with their employer not in court, but behind closed doors with a company-appointed moderator. That means cases of sexual harassment, wage theft and discrimination may never become public the way they might in a court hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we really object to is this idea that you as an employee don’t have a choice in how you access justice,\" said Tanuja Gupta, one of the Google employees visiting Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google did not respond to request for comment on this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Hines, legislative director for the National Association of Consumer Advocates, said settling employee matters behind closed doors makes it harder to learn what’s going on inside corporations.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701484/google-reveals-48-employees-fired-for-sexual-harassment-in-last-2-years\">Google Reveals 48 Employees Fired for Sexual Harassment in Last 2 Years\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701484/google-reveals-48-employees-fired-for-sexual-harassment-in-last-2-years\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/AndyRubin-1180x844.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"It not only hurts their workers,\" Hines said, \"it hurts society at large, that we don’t know about the systemic misconduct of the corporation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hines pointed out that mandatory arbitration was not originally intended for workers. When the Federal Arbitration Act was enacted in 1925, it was used by corporations to resolve contract disputes. The idea was that companies could go to arbitration instead of suing and heading to court every time they had a disagreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But starting in the 1980s, a series of Supreme Court cases expanded mandatory arbitration. They made it legal for corporations to have consumers and workers sign away their right to go to court. In the last decade, court decisions have gone further, making it so that mandatory arbitration clauses can now have workers and consumers waive their right to participate in class-action lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanjukta Paul, a law professor at Wayne State University, said that for workers, mandatory arbitration is a really new thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1990s, a small percentage of workers had these clauses in their contracts. By the early 2000s that number was up to a quarter of all U.S. workers. Today, over half of the nation's workforce signs away their rights to courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725956/apple-google-criticized-for-carrying-app-that-lets-saudi-men-track-their-wives\">Apple, Google Criticized For Carrying App That Lets Saudi Men Track Their Wives\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725956/apple-google-criticized-for-carrying-app-that-lets-saudi-men-track-their-wives\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/absher-app_wide-cf0a19d261b88dd764d1fedebe098ce539351f88.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Paul said mandatory arbitration has become “a condition of working and therefore a condition of making a living. The more that this becomes the standard industry practice, the more you don’t really have a choice to avoid it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The push to end mandatory arbitration at Google is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11679302/in-a-direct-challenge-to-their-employers-tech-workers-begin-to-organize\">a growing culture of activism among tech workers\u003c/a>. Ever since the 2016 election, tech workers have become more outspoken politically, especially around how their companies are being run and what they are building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure from employees, companies like Adobe, Intuit and now Google have ended mandatory arbitration for full-time employees. But over half of Google’s workers are contractors — and they still have mandatory arbitration in their contracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One contract worker, who doesn’t want to use her name for fear of reprisal, showed me the part of her contract that deals with mandatory arbitration. In the seven-page document, it was the only part that was in bold and in all caps. Here’s what it says:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In consideration of my assignment with Google and its promise to arbitrate all disputes, I agree that, except as provided below, Google and I waive any right to a judge or jury trial in any dispute.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Her contract is with a third-party staffing company, even though she works at Google. At this point Google is not requiring those staffing companies to remove the mandatory arbitration clause from their contracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worker said she’s happy that full-time employees at Google are no longer forced into arbitration, but she’d like to see the same change applied to contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Googlers for Ending Forced Arbitration get what they want, then employees and contractors in all industries will no longer be subject to mandatory arbitration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A package of four bills introduced by a group of state legislators on Monday would ramp up restrictions on charter schools in California and likely curb their growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the bills would place an unspecified cap on charter school growth and enable school districts to more closely consider the financial impacts of new charters when deciding whether or not to approve them. Another bill would prevent charters that are rejected by local districts from appealing their applications to the county or state. A fourth would block charter schools that can’t find facilities in their authorizing district from moving into schools in an adjoining district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Patrick O’Donnell, D-Long Beach, who chairs the Education Committee and introduced two of the bills, said the legislation would collectively “provide school districts the ability to make responsible and informed decisions regarding authorization and renewal of charter schools, which are critical for student success and taxpayer accountability,”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Teachers Association, which endorsed the new bills in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cta.org/About-CTA/News-Room/Press-Releases/2019/02/02252019.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> Monday, said the legislation was also backed by a number of local teachers and school employees unions, and the California chapter of the NAACP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bills coincide with an ongoing districtwide teachers strike in Oakland, which is now in its fourth day. District teachers and their union are blaming charter school growth for weakening the district’s financial strength.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, news of the legislation was not received warmly by many charter school supporters. Eric Premack, head of the nonprofit Charter Schools Development Center in Sacramento, called the bills a “full-frontal” assault and “scorched earth” approach to charter schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter schools are publicly funded schools that have greater flexibility in hiring, curriculum and other aspects of their operations. Unlike traditional public schools run by elected school boards, charter schools in California are nonprofit organizations with self-appointed boards, although most have been approved by local or county school districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35361_image3-qut-1200x900.jpg\" label=\"Oakland Schools: Put to the Test\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/oaklandschools,Follow our coverage of the strikes, closures, and more.\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB126\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 126\u003c/a>, that would require charter schools to comply with the state’s open meeting, public records and conflict of interest laws, passed overwhelmingly in the state Senate last week and, is scheduled to be heard in O’Donnell’s Education Committee on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many charter schools already adhere to these rules, but the new legislation would make enforcement universal. Gov. Gavin Newsom, who campaigned for more charter school transparency, encouraged the bill’s quick passage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If all the bills on the table are approved as written, said Premack, the charter school advocate, it could effectively bring charter growth to a standstill or only allow for charter schools that serve “dropouts and students who are difficult to serve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 1,323 charter schools — double what it was a decade ago — California has by far the largest number of charter schools of any state. The 600,000 students who attend them make up 10 percent of California’s students and one-fifth of the nation’s charter school population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the departure of Gov. Jerry Brown, who thrice vetoed charter transparency bills like SB 126, and for years staunchly protected the state’s charter school law, has created opportunities for the CTA and other charter school opponents to seek new restrictions. The CTA has capitalized on the strikes in Los Angeles Unified and Oakland Unified, which have the largest percentages of students in charter schools in the state, to press the case that charter schools are placing serious financial strain on districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CTA has escalated its rhetoric against charter schools over the past year in campaign ads and on its website \u003ca href=\"https://www.cta.org/en/Issues-and-Action/Charter-Schools/Kids-not-Profits.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kids Not Profits\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is clear that Californians want significant changes in the decades-old laws governing charter schools that have allowed corporate charter schools to divert millions away from our neighborhood public schools [and] allowed for waste, fraud and abuse of taxpayer dollars at the expense of our students,” said California Teachers Association President Eric Heins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, Carlos Marquez, senior vice president of government affairs for the California Charter Schools Association, said, “CTA’s extreme policy proposals undermine the unified case we must all make to fairly and adequately fund all of California’s public schools. Instead, they’re choosing to pit public school families against one another. California’s charter public schools will remain focused on sponsoring legislation that will support all public schools and our most vulnerable students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In introducing the bills now, O’Donnell and the co-authors may be moving ahead of State Superintendent of Public Instruction Tony Thurmond, who Newsom has asked to create a panel of experts to look at the financial effect and other impacts of charter schools. Newsom was responding to the Los Angeles Unified school board’s request for a moratorium on new charters in Los Angeles while the state considers changes to the state charter law. The panel is slated to recommend its changes by July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Staff writer Diana Lambert contributed to this story, which was \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2019/proposed-legislation-would-substantially-curb-growth-of-california-charter-schools/609087\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">originally published by EdSource\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A package of four bills introduced by a group of state legislators on Monday would ramp up restrictions on charter schools in California and likely curb their growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the bills would place an unspecified cap on charter school growth and enable school districts to more closely consider the financial impacts of new charters when deciding whether or not to approve them. Another bill would prevent charters that are rejected by local districts from appealing their applications to the county or state. A fourth would block charter schools that can’t find facilities in their authorizing district from moving into schools in an adjoining district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Patrick O’Donnell, D-Long Beach, who chairs the Education Committee and introduced two of the bills, said the legislation would collectively “provide school districts the ability to make responsible and informed decisions regarding authorization and renewal of charter schools, which are critical for student success and taxpayer accountability,”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Teachers Association, which endorsed the new bills in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cta.org/About-CTA/News-Room/Press-Releases/2019/02/02252019.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> Monday, said the legislation was also backed by a number of local teachers and school employees unions, and the California chapter of the NAACP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bills coincide with an ongoing districtwide teachers strike in Oakland, which is now in its fourth day. District teachers and their union are blaming charter school growth for weakening the district’s financial strength.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, news of the legislation was not received warmly by many charter school supporters. Eric Premack, head of the nonprofit Charter Schools Development Center in Sacramento, called the bills a “full-frontal” assault and “scorched earth” approach to charter schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter schools are publicly funded schools that have greater flexibility in hiring, curriculum and other aspects of their operations. Unlike traditional public schools run by elected school boards, charter schools in California are nonprofit organizations with self-appointed boards, although most have been approved by local or county school districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB126\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 126\u003c/a>, that would require charter schools to comply with the state’s open meeting, public records and conflict of interest laws, passed overwhelmingly in the state Senate last week and, is scheduled to be heard in O’Donnell’s Education Committee on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many charter schools already adhere to these rules, but the new legislation would make enforcement universal. Gov. Gavin Newsom, who campaigned for more charter school transparency, encouraged the bill’s quick passage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If all the bills on the table are approved as written, said Premack, the charter school advocate, it could effectively bring charter growth to a standstill or only allow for charter schools that serve “dropouts and students who are difficult to serve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 1,323 charter schools — double what it was a decade ago — California has by far the largest number of charter schools of any state. The 600,000 students who attend them make up 10 percent of California’s students and one-fifth of the nation’s charter school population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the departure of Gov. Jerry Brown, who thrice vetoed charter transparency bills like SB 126, and for years staunchly protected the state’s charter school law, has created opportunities for the CTA and other charter school opponents to seek new restrictions. The CTA has capitalized on the strikes in Los Angeles Unified and Oakland Unified, which have the largest percentages of students in charter schools in the state, to press the case that charter schools are placing serious financial strain on districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CTA has escalated its rhetoric against charter schools over the past year in campaign ads and on its website \u003ca href=\"https://www.cta.org/en/Issues-and-Action/Charter-Schools/Kids-not-Profits.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kids Not Profits\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is clear that Californians want significant changes in the decades-old laws governing charter schools that have allowed corporate charter schools to divert millions away from our neighborhood public schools [and] allowed for waste, fraud and abuse of taxpayer dollars at the expense of our students,” said California Teachers Association President Eric Heins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, Carlos Marquez, senior vice president of government affairs for the California Charter Schools Association, said, “CTA’s extreme policy proposals undermine the unified case we must all make to fairly and adequately fund all of California’s public schools. Instead, they’re choosing to pit public school families against one another. California’s charter public schools will remain focused on sponsoring legislation that will support all public schools and our most vulnerable students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In introducing the bills now, O’Donnell and the co-authors may be moving ahead of State Superintendent of Public Instruction Tony Thurmond, who Newsom has asked to create a panel of experts to look at the financial effect and other impacts of charter schools. Newsom was responding to the Los Angeles Unified school board’s request for a moratorium on new charters in Los Angeles while the state considers changes to the state charter law. The panel is slated to recommend its changes by July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Staff writer Diana Lambert contributed to this story, which was \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2019/proposed-legislation-would-substantially-curb-growth-of-california-charter-schools/609087\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">originally published by EdSource\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When his English teacher abruptly quit last month to take a higher-paying corporate job, Will Flattery-Vickness knew something needed to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If she had to leave to get a tech job, that just shows teachers need to be supported more,” said Flattery-Vickness, 18, a senior at Oakland Technical High School, whose class has been loosely supervised for several weeks by a revolving cast of substitute teachers. “It just added to the chaos of everything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flattery-Vickness was one of the roughly 25 students who joined teachers on the picket line in front of Oakland Tech Friday morning, on the second day of a districtwide teacher strike. Oakland teachers, who have been working without a contract since July 2017, are among the lowest-paid educators in the Bay Area. They’re demanding a 12 percent raise over the next three years, smaller class sizes and more nurses and counselors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35361_image3-qut-1200x900.jpg\" label=\"Oakland Schools: Put to the Test\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/oaklandschools,Follow our coverage of the strikes, closures, and more.\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flattery-Vickness said he felt compelled to be on the front lines supporting them, even though most of his peers had stayed at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of my classmates were like, ‘Yay, no school,’” he said. “They don’t fully understand what’s going on, that this affects them, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day my education is going to be so much better,” he added, if teachers get what they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theo Zarobell, 18, another Oakland Tech senior who came out Friday, echoed this sentiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of what teachers are asking for is really benefiting us as students,” he said. “I’m struck by how much they really care about us. I think we owe it to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All 87 district schools have remained open during the strike, staffed by administrators and temporary substitutes, but the vast majority of students haven’t attended, according to multiple reports. The district has yet to release official attendance records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later on Friday afternoon, a sprinkling of students stood out among the sea of hundreds of teachers and supporters who congregated at a spirited rally in DeFremery Park in West Oakland, at the site where the Black Panther Party staged demonstrations and social programs a half century ago. A lineup of speakers, including two high school students and legendary labor leader Dolores Huerta, fired up the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728396\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11728396 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" />\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lively crowd of teachers and students fills DeFremery Park in West Oakland during Friday’s rally. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Education is a big part of my life, teachers are a big part of my life,” said Marie Rodriguez, 16, a junior at Oakland High School, who stood in the thick of the rally. Nearby, amid the cacophony of drumming and horn blowing, a giant inflatable rat bobbed in the breeze. “If they’re out here fighting for a cause, I need to fight with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodriguez said her father teaches at her school, so this strike has very much hit home. She said Oakland High has one part-time nurse for 1,700 students, and that some of her classes were so overcrowded at the beginning of this year there weren’t enough seats to go around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is showing me how to advocate when things get to the point that you need to go out on the streets,” Rodriguez said, adding that she was planning to take the SATs in a few weeks, but she wasn’t too concerned about the lost days of preparation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union leaders from the Oakland Education Association met with district officials on Friday, although it remained unclear by the end of the day if any progress had been made. Regardless, the strike will more than likely stretch into next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which faces a huge budget deficit and sharply declining enrollment, has repeatedly said it supports paying teachers more, but simply can’t afford the 12 percent bump they’re asking for. In a last-ditch effort to avert a strike on Wednesday, district officials proposed a 7 percent raise over the next three years and a 1.5 percent retroactive bonus, an offer the union said didn’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Etiene Torres, who teaches World History at Castlemont High School, one of the many schools the district is reportedly looking to close in the next several years, was pleasantly surprised to run into a group of his own students at the rally. Most of them are recent immigrants who are learning English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t even text them, they just came this morning on their own,” Torres said, noting that he planned to bring up the strike and the impact of collective action in his upcoming lesson on the Haitian Revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a lot more memorable than doing a writing assignment in the classroom,” he said, “It’s another way of learning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728403\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11728403 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" />\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students march with striking teachers down Adeline Street in West Oakland on Friday. \u003ccite>(Matthew Green/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Carlos Mendoza, a senior at Life Academy, joined the throngs of demonstrators as they marched out of the park and down Adeline Street. He said his teachers needed all the support they could get in an increasingly unaffordable region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Looking at Oakland, it’s changing rapidly and OUSD needs to change as well,” said Mendoza, 18, who walked with a group of his teachers and classmates. “Some teachers I know are really struggling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said there’s a big split between his classmates who care about what their teachers are fighting for and the ones who are just happy for the long weekend. The experience, he added, has broadened his perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You become more aware of what’s at risk and what’s at stake,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the students at Friday’s rally were high schoolers, but a number of younger children also came with their parents. Delilah Daniels had her 7-year-old son, Isaiah, in tow. A first-grader at Allendale Elementary School, he hoisted a protest sign nearly as tall as he was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked why he thought it was important to show support for his teachers, he said, “Because they like us kids.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When his English teacher abruptly quit last month to take a higher-paying corporate job, Will Flattery-Vickness knew something needed to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If she had to leave to get a tech job, that just shows teachers need to be supported more,” said Flattery-Vickness, 18, a senior at Oakland Technical High School, whose class has been loosely supervised for several weeks by a revolving cast of substitute teachers. “It just added to the chaos of everything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flattery-Vickness was one of the roughly 25 students who joined teachers on the picket line in front of Oakland Tech Friday morning, on the second day of a districtwide teacher strike. Oakland teachers, who have been working without a contract since July 2017, are among the lowest-paid educators in the Bay Area. They’re demanding a 12 percent raise over the next three years, smaller class sizes and more nurses and counselors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flattery-Vickness said he felt compelled to be on the front lines supporting them, even though most of his peers had stayed at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of my classmates were like, ‘Yay, no school,’” he said. “They don’t fully understand what’s going on, that this affects them, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day my education is going to be so much better,” he added, if teachers get what they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theo Zarobell, 18, another Oakland Tech senior who came out Friday, echoed this sentiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of what teachers are asking for is really benefiting us as students,” he said. “I’m struck by how much they really care about us. I think we owe it to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All 87 district schools have remained open during the strike, staffed by administrators and temporary substitutes, but the vast majority of students haven’t attended, according to multiple reports. The district has yet to release official attendance records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later on Friday afternoon, a sprinkling of students stood out among the sea of hundreds of teachers and supporters who congregated at a spirited rally in DeFremery Park in West Oakland, at the site where the Black Panther Party staged demonstrations and social programs a half century ago. A lineup of speakers, including two high school students and legendary labor leader Dolores Huerta, fired up the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728396\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11728396 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35399__M6A0576.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" />\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lively crowd of teachers and students fills DeFremery Park in West Oakland during Friday’s rally. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Education is a big part of my life, teachers are a big part of my life,” said Marie Rodriguez, 16, a junior at Oakland High School, who stood in the thick of the rally. Nearby, amid the cacophony of drumming and horn blowing, a giant inflatable rat bobbed in the breeze. “If they’re out here fighting for a cause, I need to fight with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodriguez said her father teaches at her school, so this strike has very much hit home. She said Oakland High has one part-time nurse for 1,700 students, and that some of her classes were so overcrowded at the beginning of this year there weren’t enough seats to go around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is showing me how to advocate when things get to the point that you need to go out on the streets,” Rodriguez said, adding that she was planning to take the SATs in a few weeks, but she wasn’t too concerned about the lost days of preparation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union leaders from the Oakland Education Association met with district officials on Friday, although it remained unclear by the end of the day if any progress had been made. Regardless, the strike will more than likely stretch into next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which faces a huge budget deficit and sharply declining enrollment, has repeatedly said it supports paying teachers more, but simply can’t afford the 12 percent bump they’re asking for. In a last-ditch effort to avert a strike on Wednesday, district officials proposed a 7 percent raise over the next three years and a 1.5 percent retroactive bonus, an offer the union said didn’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Etiene Torres, who teaches World History at Castlemont High School, one of the many schools the district is reportedly looking to close in the next several years, was pleasantly surprised to run into a group of his own students at the rally. Most of them are recent immigrants who are learning English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t even text them, they just came this morning on their own,” Torres said, noting that he planned to bring up the strike and the impact of collective action in his upcoming lesson on the Haitian Revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a lot more memorable than doing a writing assignment in the classroom,” he said, “It’s another way of learning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728403\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11728403 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/file-1-2.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" />\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students march with striking teachers down Adeline Street in West Oakland on Friday. \u003ccite>(Matthew Green/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Carlos Mendoza, a senior at Life Academy, joined the throngs of demonstrators as they marched out of the park and down Adeline Street. He said his teachers needed all the support they could get in an increasingly unaffordable region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Looking at Oakland, it’s changing rapidly and OUSD needs to change as well,” said Mendoza, 18, who walked with a group of his teachers and classmates. “Some teachers I know are really struggling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said there’s a big split between his classmates who care about what their teachers are fighting for and the ones who are just happy for the long weekend. The experience, he added, has broadened his perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You become more aware of what’s at risk and what’s at stake,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the students at Friday’s rally were high schoolers, but a number of younger children also came with their parents. Delilah Daniels had her 7-year-old son, Isaiah, in tow. A first-grader at Allendale Elementary School, he hoisted a protest sign nearly as tall as he was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked why he thought it was important to show support for his teachers, he said, “Because they like us kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow for a Subtler Kind of Racism",
"title": "Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow for a Subtler Kind of Racism",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A special thanks to photographer Ernest Lowe, whose photos taken in the 1960s of African-American farmworkers in the San Joaquin Valley provided inspiration for this story. \u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/black-migrants/\">Those photos are now on display at UC Merced\u003c/a>. Find more photos of the Marshalls, Beaverses and other families at \u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">ErnestLowe.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]D[/dropcap]rops of rain collect in pools around potted plants outside the Marshall home in South Dos Palos, as a storm rolls into the small farming community about 100 miles southeast of San Jose. A wind chime hanging on the front porch provides background music to a family gathering inside in the living room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe, Lee, Zella, David and Marilyn Marshall are five of 13 siblings who grew up on this plot of land. Today, they're all in their 60s and 70s.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The difference between here and the South is just that — it's hidden.'\u003ccite>Joe Marshall\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When the Marshall siblings’ father moved to the Central Valley from Mississippi in 1944 to work for the railroad, his goal was twofold: make enough money to provide for his wife and children, and put distance between his family and the racist laws of the South.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the brothers say they found California had its own racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The people in the South, they let you know right off the top, you not welcome, you not wanted,” Lee Marshall said. “And, 'Hey, don’t get out of place. You say mister to me.' And they demand that you say 'yes sir' and all this kind of stuff to 'em. It was just straight out, they didn’t hide it. That was better for me 'cause I know where you stand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These down here, there’s a hidden thing that they use on you,\" Lee Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow.jpg 1148w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lee's brother, Joe Marshall, said it was a more subtle form of racism the brothers faced growing up here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know we could go anywhere and eat, it wasn’t a place where you had to go to the back door,” said Joe. “It was nothing like being in the South.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The difference between here and the South is just that — it’s hidden,” Joe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that racism shaped how the Marshalls lived and worked. It also shaped the destiny of their town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728218\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728218\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-800x725.jpg\" alt=\"The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-800x725.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-160x145.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-1020x924.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-1200x1087.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the 1940s and 1950s, the Marshall brothers say South Dos Palos was thriving. The community was a hub of agricultural business and black-owned cafes, stores and service stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything in South Dos Palos, except for a few places like behind us, was owned by black people,” Joe Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican and Central American workers make up the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654965/ice-is-auditing-this-central-valley-grower-again-and-he-blames-california-lawmakers\">bulk of farm labor\u003c/a> in California today, but throughout the 1940s, ‘50s and ‘60s, African-Americans and poor white families — many of them migrants who moved to the state during and after the Dust Bowl storms of the 1930s— also worked in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-800x540.jpg\" alt=\"Four of 13 of the Marshall siblings stand in the living room of their family home in South Dos Palos. From left to right: Lee, Zella, Joe and Marilyn Marshall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-800x540.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-1020x688.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-1200x809.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four of 13 of the Marshall siblings stand in the living room of their family home in South Dos Palos. From left to right: Lee, Zella, Joe and Marilyn Marshall. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To earn money, the Marshall brothers pruned and harvested crops like almonds, lettuce, grapes and cotton, one of California’s top producing crops at the time. They went to work and came back to a home that didn’t have running water or indoor plumbing. They used to be embarrassed to have to tell their girlfriends to use an outdoor toilet when they would come visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll never forget, as long as I live, when the city put in the sewer line,” Joe recalls. “And they say 'but, it’s up to each house to dig to hook up to it.' Man, we were digging out there with a smile on! We were thinkin', man we gonna get indoor bathroom! That was the happiest day of my life!”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Tale of Two Farm Towns\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Just a few miles from South Dos Palos is another community called Dos Palos. During the Marshall siblings’ childhood, Dos Palos was a mostly white community. Many of the homes there had the infrastructure that houses in South Dos Palos lacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You go down that way further down,” Lee said, “they had all of this and we didn't have it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Joe and Lee grew older and wanted a job outside of working in the fields, Dos Palos is where they went to look for one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You out there waitin’ for a job interview, and behind closed doors they just cuttin’ you down, you’re not wanted,” Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would take that more so than ever, this hidden prejudice which still goes on today in these little towns like this. It’s a hidden thing that can just tear you down. Because you get your confidence up, thinkin’ that you’re on your way. And you got somebody behind closed doors trying to block your way or stop you from doing certain things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728240\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-800x514.jpg\" alt=\"South Dos Palos today.\" width=\"800\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-800x514.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-1200x771.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">South Dos Palos today. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.meissinger.com/index.html\">Michael Eissinger\u003c/a>, an anthropology professor at Fresno State University who studies historically rural African-American settlements in the San Joaquin Valley, said there were many communities in California like South Dos Palos and Dos Palos — a black community and an all-white community just a few miles apart — existing side by side, separate but interdependent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Racism is not 'I don't like you because of your color.' That's bigotry, prejudice,” Eissinger said. \"Racism is when it is done by the system, by society as a whole, and society is done on the \u003cem>landscape\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/post/diversity-fresno-how-racial-covenants-once-ruled-prestigious-neighborhoods\">racially restrictive covenants\u003c/a>, clauses in deeds to properties that specified who could and could not live there, blocked African-American families, and individuals and families of other races, from buying or renting certain homes, including in California. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/lowdown/18486/redlining\">Redlining\u003c/a> created barriers to black families obtaining loans to buy houses in certain neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5633328\">sundown towns\u003c/a>, places that people of color could visit during the day, but had to leave by the time it got dark. You can still \u003ca href=\"https://sundown.tougaloo.edu/sundowntownsshow.php?state=CA\">see the legacy\u003c/a> of this in the Central Valley today, in towns like Clovis, the nearly all-white, affluent suburb of Fresno, and then again in Stockton and Lodi. These are kindred cities walled off by a brief but mandatory drive through farmed landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours south on Highway 99 is another unincorporated town called Teviston. Once occupied by black families living and working on the outskirts of the mostly white community of Pixley, today Latino families populate most of the houses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1946, Bertha Mae Beavers moved to Teviston from Oklahoma at the age of 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they was, you could just come out here and pick money off trees the way they told it. But shoot, I should have stayed in Oklahoma,” the 89-year-old Beavers recalled. “I did the same thing: chopped cotton, picked cotton. I did it all. And it was rough out here, just like in Oklahoma. You had to work hard for your money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728250\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-800x735.jpg\" alt=\"Bertha Mae and Benjamin Beavers in Oklahoma around 1945.\" width=\"800\" height=\"735\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-800x735.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-160x147.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-1020x937.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-1200x1102.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen.jpg 1680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bertha Mae and Benjamin Beavers in Oklahoma around 1945. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shortly after she arrived, a white woman was beat up on the railroad tracks near Teviston and Pixley. A rumor circulated that a black man from Teviston had beat the woman. For a while, no black people were allowed in Pixley, Beavers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would go to work, and get off early,” she said. “And come home and the mens would get they guns and set up all night. I was afraid. And it finally, they finally found out who beat the white lady up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the white woman’s husband.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He beat her up and they tried to say the black man down here in Teviston beat 'em,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beavers was afraid, but she stayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She eventually married her husband in Teviston, and they had 12 children. The family lived on the outskirts of Pixley and worked in the fields to get by. Like South Dos Palos, homes in Teviston didn’t have running water, gas or indoor plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728257\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728257\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-800x815.jpg\" alt=\"Ruth Beavers in Teviston, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"815\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-800x815.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-160x163.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-1020x1039.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-1179x1200.jpg 1179w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ruth Beavers in Teviston, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Just in the house we lived in, we didn’t have a two bedroom, so with all of us 12 kids we slept in one bedroom. And we could lay in the bed at night ... and see the stars. [Through the] cracks,” recalled Bertha Mae's daughter, Ruth Ann Jones, age 70.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ‘60s transformed California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1963, a state law — the \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt0b69q1bw/\">Rumford Act, or California Fair Housing Act\u003c/a> — was passed to end discrimination by property owners who refused to sell or rent to African-Americans. In 1964, the same year the Civil Rights Act was passed, the state ballot initiative Proposition 14 nullified the Rumford Act. The California Supreme Court later ruled Proposition 14 was unconstitutional, and the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt5h4nb0wd;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=d0e5393&toc.id=d0e831&brand=oac4\">upheld\u003c/a> that decision. The federal Fair Housing Act of 1968 would eventually outlaw housing discrimination nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around this time, labor organizer Cesar Chavez and a growing movement of farmworkers fighting for better pay and working conditions was \u003ca href=\"https://ufw.org/research/history/ufw-history/\">gaining momentum in the Central Valley\u003c/a>. While some black workers were involved, the movement was largely Chicano and Filipino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where it really started at was in the grapes,” said Ruth Jones’ husband, CL Jones. “They wanted to change things. And they did, you know, make things a lot better for some.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Latino farmworkers began staying in the San Joaquin Valley in greater numbers, instead of going back and forth to Mexico, it began changing the black-white dynamic of Teviston and Pixley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728260\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728260\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-800x787.jpg\" alt=\"Benny Beavers lights the family's Box King stove.\" width=\"800\" height=\"787\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-800x787.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-160x157.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-1020x1003.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-1200x1180.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Benny Beavers lights the family's Box King stove. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Beavers family noticed something in the Latino families moving into the area. Something that was completely unfamiliar: a certain boldness and lack of fear that black families coming from the South felt they couldn’t afford to have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Teviston’s residents pushed to get a community well and gas in their homes, some African-American families distanced themselves from upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728263\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728263\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-800x556.jpg\" alt=\"Lula Jenkins, Annie and Goldie Beavers, and Deloris and Joyce Perry ride in the back of a pickup hauling water in Teviston.\" width=\"800\" height=\"556\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-800x556.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-1020x709.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-1200x834.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lula Jenkins, Annie and Goldie Beavers, and Deloris and Joyce Perry ride in the back of a pickup hauling water in Teviston. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They were scared the white people could come take their property or take their house so they didn’t really want no gas,” another Beavers daughter, Annie Jo Ellis, age 65, said. “[Because] this is what you grew up with: fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the 1970s and ‘80s, Bertha Mae’s children were able to get out of farm labor, and find new jobs. A few worked at nearby schools as lunch ladies and at the post office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We as black people, I don’t think fought as hard as we should have... for what we wanted,” Ruth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know when you come from Oklahoma, you didn’t really have nothin’,” Annie said. “So now you got a little something and they was raised that the white man takes everything. So they just get out here and they still scared of the white man. Let’s tell the truth about it, they were scared ... of white people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728265\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728265\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"The Beavers family stands outside Friendship Baptist Church in Teviston. The church is one of two still standing in the unincorporated community just south of Pixley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-1200x798.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Beavers family stands outside Friendship Baptist Church in Teviston. The church is one of two still standing in the unincorporated community just south of Pixley. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you go to Teviston now, you can see homes scattered throughout the town, but it's not much of a town. There are no businesses, just a boarded-up gas station and two churches. The Beavers still have mixed feelings about how their community has evolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll tell you what we used to say when we was growin’ up,\" said CL Jones. \"The white people are watchin’ the wrong people. They was keepin us down, and the Hispanics was steady gettin’ ahead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In South Dos Palos, as the Marshall siblings grew older and started their own families, they encouraged their children to go to school or work other jobs, anything to stay out of the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were no jobs that the young blacks wanted to do,” Joe Marshall said. “And then I saw this town kinda dryin’ up. To where, when you come over, you could stop on any corner and holler at somebody and talk for a few minutes. I can come over here now, I might not see nobody! It’s a ghost town. The Mexicans were still working in the fields. And all of a sudden, you started lookin’ up, Mexicans bought this land, build a nice house. Better than some of the houses that’s been here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was OK with Joe, because his kids were getting out and getting ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was just an opportunity for [Latinos],” he said. “Our misfortune and their fortune, to be able to come in and buy something and build. To this day, there’s still no jobs here. So you can’t expect this town to grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowadays, South Dos Palos is still a gathering place for the Marshall family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They return here for small gatherings and large family reunions. Every April, hundreds of extended relatives fill the street to celebrate their mother’s birthday. She passed away several years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe looks at his Latino neighbors and can relate to what they’re going through. He knows no one would work in the fields if they didn't have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t see any blacks out there (in the fields) now, you don’t see any whites out there now. It’s all Latinos now. And you want to cry about 'they’re doing our jobs'? No. They didn’t take a job from me. I gave it to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We paid our dues far as laborin’ hard in the fields,” Lee Marshall said. “And believe me, I don’t wanna do it. Whoever wanna do it, I just pray for 'em.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Marshall and Beavers families moved to California in the 1940s for better jobs, and to escape the Jim Crow policies of the South. Instead, they found California had its own racism and segregation.",
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"description": "The Marshall and Beavers families moved to California in the 1940s for better jobs, and to escape the Jim Crow policies of the South. Instead, they found California had its own racism and segregation.",
"title": "Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow for a Subtler Kind of Racism | KQED",
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"headline": "Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow for a Subtler Kind of Racism",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A special thanks to photographer Ernest Lowe, whose photos taken in the 1960s of African-American farmworkers in the San Joaquin Valley provided inspiration for this story. \u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/black-migrants/\">Those photos are now on display at UC Merced\u003c/a>. Find more photos of the Marshalls, Beaverses and other families at \u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">ErnestLowe.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">D\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>rops of rain collect in pools around potted plants outside the Marshall home in South Dos Palos, as a storm rolls into the small farming community about 100 miles southeast of San Jose. A wind chime hanging on the front porch provides background music to a family gathering inside in the living room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe, Lee, Zella, David and Marilyn Marshall are five of 13 siblings who grew up on this plot of land. Today, they're all in their 60s and 70s.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The difference between here and the South is just that — it's hidden.'\u003ccite>Joe Marshall\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When the Marshall siblings’ father moved to the Central Valley from Mississippi in 1944 to work for the railroad, his goal was twofold: make enough money to provide for his wife and children, and put distance between his family and the racist laws of the South.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the brothers say they found California had its own racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The people in the South, they let you know right off the top, you not welcome, you not wanted,” Lee Marshall said. “And, 'Hey, don’t get out of place. You say mister to me.' And they demand that you say 'yes sir' and all this kind of stuff to 'em. It was just straight out, they didn’t hide it. That was better for me 'cause I know where you stand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These down here, there’s a hidden thing that they use on you,\" Lee Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsBarrow.jpg 1148w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lee's brother, Joe Marshall, said it was a more subtle form of racism the brothers faced growing up here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know we could go anywhere and eat, it wasn’t a place where you had to go to the back door,” said Joe. “It was nothing like being in the South.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The difference between here and the South is just that — it’s hidden,” Joe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that racism shaped how the Marshalls lived and worked. It also shaped the destiny of their town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728218\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728218\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-800x725.jpg\" alt=\"The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-800x725.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-160x145.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-1020x924.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1-1200x1087.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Marshalls1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Marshall brothers, including Joe and Lee, in South Dos Palos, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the 1940s and 1950s, the Marshall brothers say South Dos Palos was thriving. The community was a hub of agricultural business and black-owned cafes, stores and service stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything in South Dos Palos, except for a few places like behind us, was owned by black people,” Joe Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican and Central American workers make up the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654965/ice-is-auditing-this-central-valley-grower-again-and-he-blames-california-lawmakers\">bulk of farm labor\u003c/a> in California today, but throughout the 1940s, ‘50s and ‘60s, African-Americans and poor white families — many of them migrants who moved to the state during and after the Dust Bowl storms of the 1930s— also worked in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-800x540.jpg\" alt=\"Four of 13 of the Marshall siblings stand in the living room of their family home in South Dos Palos. From left to right: Lee, Zella, Joe and Marilyn Marshall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-800x540.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-1020x688.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday-1200x809.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/MarshallsToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four of 13 of the Marshall siblings stand in the living room of their family home in South Dos Palos. From left to right: Lee, Zella, Joe and Marilyn Marshall. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To earn money, the Marshall brothers pruned and harvested crops like almonds, lettuce, grapes and cotton, one of California’s top producing crops at the time. They went to work and came back to a home that didn’t have running water or indoor plumbing. They used to be embarrassed to have to tell their girlfriends to use an outdoor toilet when they would come visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll never forget, as long as I live, when the city put in the sewer line,” Joe recalls. “And they say 'but, it’s up to each house to dig to hook up to it.' Man, we were digging out there with a smile on! We were thinkin', man we gonna get indoor bathroom! That was the happiest day of my life!”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Tale of Two Farm Towns\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Just a few miles from South Dos Palos is another community called Dos Palos. During the Marshall siblings’ childhood, Dos Palos was a mostly white community. Many of the homes there had the infrastructure that houses in South Dos Palos lacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You go down that way further down,” Lee said, “they had all of this and we didn't have it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Joe and Lee grew older and wanted a job outside of working in the fields, Dos Palos is where they went to look for one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You out there waitin’ for a job interview, and behind closed doors they just cuttin’ you down, you’re not wanted,” Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would take that more so than ever, this hidden prejudice which still goes on today in these little towns like this. It’s a hidden thing that can just tear you down. Because you get your confidence up, thinkin’ that you’re on your way. And you got somebody behind closed doors trying to block your way or stop you from doing certain things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728240\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-800x514.jpg\" alt=\"South Dos Palos today.\" width=\"800\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-800x514.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday-1200x771.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/SouthDosToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">South Dos Palos today. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.meissinger.com/index.html\">Michael Eissinger\u003c/a>, an anthropology professor at Fresno State University who studies historically rural African-American settlements in the San Joaquin Valley, said there were many communities in California like South Dos Palos and Dos Palos — a black community and an all-white community just a few miles apart — existing side by side, separate but interdependent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Racism is not 'I don't like you because of your color.' That's bigotry, prejudice,” Eissinger said. \"Racism is when it is done by the system, by society as a whole, and society is done on the \u003cem>landscape\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/post/diversity-fresno-how-racial-covenants-once-ruled-prestigious-neighborhoods\">racially restrictive covenants\u003c/a>, clauses in deeds to properties that specified who could and could not live there, blocked African-American families, and individuals and families of other races, from buying or renting certain homes, including in California. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/lowdown/18486/redlining\">Redlining\u003c/a> created barriers to black families obtaining loans to buy houses in certain neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5633328\">sundown towns\u003c/a>, places that people of color could visit during the day, but had to leave by the time it got dark. You can still \u003ca href=\"https://sundown.tougaloo.edu/sundowntownsshow.php?state=CA\">see the legacy\u003c/a> of this in the Central Valley today, in towns like Clovis, the nearly all-white, affluent suburb of Fresno, and then again in Stockton and Lodi. These are kindred cities walled off by a brief but mandatory drive through farmed landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours south on Highway 99 is another unincorporated town called Teviston. Once occupied by black families living and working on the outskirts of the mostly white community of Pixley, today Latino families populate most of the houses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1946, Bertha Mae Beavers moved to Teviston from Oklahoma at the age of 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they was, you could just come out here and pick money off trees the way they told it. But shoot, I should have stayed in Oklahoma,” the 89-year-old Beavers recalled. “I did the same thing: chopped cotton, picked cotton. I did it all. And it was rough out here, just like in Oklahoma. You had to work hard for your money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728250\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-800x735.jpg\" alt=\"Bertha Mae and Benjamin Beavers in Oklahoma around 1945.\" width=\"800\" height=\"735\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-800x735.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-160x147.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-1020x937.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen-1200x1102.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BerthaMaeAndBen.jpg 1680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bertha Mae and Benjamin Beavers in Oklahoma around 1945. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shortly after she arrived, a white woman was beat up on the railroad tracks near Teviston and Pixley. A rumor circulated that a black man from Teviston had beat the woman. For a while, no black people were allowed in Pixley, Beavers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would go to work, and get off early,” she said. “And come home and the mens would get they guns and set up all night. I was afraid. And it finally, they finally found out who beat the white lady up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the white woman’s husband.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He beat her up and they tried to say the black man down here in Teviston beat 'em,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beavers was afraid, but she stayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She eventually married her husband in Teviston, and they had 12 children. The family lived on the outskirts of Pixley and worked in the fields to get by. Like South Dos Palos, homes in Teviston didn’t have running water, gas or indoor plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728257\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728257\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-800x815.jpg\" alt=\"Ruth Beavers in Teviston, 1960s.\" width=\"800\" height=\"815\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-800x815.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-160x163.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-1020x1039.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-1179x1200.jpg 1179w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RuthBeavers-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ruth Beavers in Teviston, 1960s. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Just in the house we lived in, we didn’t have a two bedroom, so with all of us 12 kids we slept in one bedroom. And we could lay in the bed at night ... and see the stars. [Through the] cracks,” recalled Bertha Mae's daughter, Ruth Ann Jones, age 70.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ‘60s transformed California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1963, a state law — the \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt0b69q1bw/\">Rumford Act, or California Fair Housing Act\u003c/a> — was passed to end discrimination by property owners who refused to sell or rent to African-Americans. In 1964, the same year the Civil Rights Act was passed, the state ballot initiative Proposition 14 nullified the Rumford Act. The California Supreme Court later ruled Proposition 14 was unconstitutional, and the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt5h4nb0wd;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=d0e5393&toc.id=d0e831&brand=oac4\">upheld\u003c/a> that decision. The federal Fair Housing Act of 1968 would eventually outlaw housing discrimination nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around this time, labor organizer Cesar Chavez and a growing movement of farmworkers fighting for better pay and working conditions was \u003ca href=\"https://ufw.org/research/history/ufw-history/\">gaining momentum in the Central Valley\u003c/a>. While some black workers were involved, the movement was largely Chicano and Filipino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where it really started at was in the grapes,” said Ruth Jones’ husband, CL Jones. “They wanted to change things. And they did, you know, make things a lot better for some.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Latino farmworkers began staying in the San Joaquin Valley in greater numbers, instead of going back and forth to Mexico, it began changing the black-white dynamic of Teviston and Pixley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728260\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728260\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-800x787.jpg\" alt=\"Benny Beavers lights the family's Box King stove.\" width=\"800\" height=\"787\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-800x787.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-160x157.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-1020x1003.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-1200x1180.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/StoveLighting-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Benny Beavers lights the family's Box King stove. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Beavers family noticed something in the Latino families moving into the area. Something that was completely unfamiliar: a certain boldness and lack of fear that black families coming from the South felt they couldn’t afford to have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Teviston’s residents pushed to get a community well and gas in their homes, some African-American families distanced themselves from upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728263\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728263\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-800x556.jpg\" alt=\"Lula Jenkins, Annie and Goldie Beavers, and Deloris and Joyce Perry ride in the back of a pickup hauling water in Teviston.\" width=\"800\" height=\"556\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-800x556.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-1020x709.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck-1200x834.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversTruck.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lula Jenkins, Annie and Goldie Beavers, and Deloris and Joyce Perry ride in the back of a pickup hauling water in Teviston. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://ernestlowe.com/\">Courtesy Ernest Lowe\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They were scared the white people could come take their property or take their house so they didn’t really want no gas,” another Beavers daughter, Annie Jo Ellis, age 65, said. “[Because] this is what you grew up with: fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the 1970s and ‘80s, Bertha Mae’s children were able to get out of farm labor, and find new jobs. A few worked at nearby schools as lunch ladies and at the post office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We as black people, I don’t think fought as hard as we should have... for what we wanted,” Ruth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know when you come from Oklahoma, you didn’t really have nothin’,” Annie said. “So now you got a little something and they was raised that the white man takes everything. So they just get out here and they still scared of the white man. Let’s tell the truth about it, they were scared ... of white people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728265\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728265\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"The Beavers family stands outside Friendship Baptist Church in Teviston. The church is one of two still standing in the unincorporated community just south of Pixley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday-1200x798.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/BeaversToday.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Beavers family stands outside Friendship Baptist Church in Teviston. The church is one of two still standing in the unincorporated community just south of Pixley. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you go to Teviston now, you can see homes scattered throughout the town, but it's not much of a town. There are no businesses, just a boarded-up gas station and two churches. The Beavers still have mixed feelings about how their community has evolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll tell you what we used to say when we was growin’ up,\" said CL Jones. \"The white people are watchin’ the wrong people. They was keepin us down, and the Hispanics was steady gettin’ ahead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In South Dos Palos, as the Marshall siblings grew older and started their own families, they encouraged their children to go to school or work other jobs, anything to stay out of the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were no jobs that the young blacks wanted to do,” Joe Marshall said. “And then I saw this town kinda dryin’ up. To where, when you come over, you could stop on any corner and holler at somebody and talk for a few minutes. I can come over here now, I might not see nobody! It’s a ghost town. The Mexicans were still working in the fields. And all of a sudden, you started lookin’ up, Mexicans bought this land, build a nice house. Better than some of the houses that’s been here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was OK with Joe, because his kids were getting out and getting ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was just an opportunity for [Latinos],” he said. “Our misfortune and their fortune, to be able to come in and buy something and build. To this day, there’s still no jobs here. So you can’t expect this town to grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowadays, South Dos Palos is still a gathering place for the Marshall family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They return here for small gatherings and large family reunions. Every April, hundreds of extended relatives fill the street to celebrate their mother’s birthday. She passed away several years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe looks at his Latino neighbors and can relate to what they’re going through. He knows no one would work in the fields if they didn't have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t see any blacks out there (in the fields) now, you don’t see any whites out there now. It’s all Latinos now. And you want to cry about 'they’re doing our jobs'? No. They didn’t take a job from me. I gave it to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We paid our dues far as laborin’ hard in the fields,” Lee Marshall said. “And believe me, I don’t wanna do it. Whoever wanna do it, I just pray for 'em.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "oakland-los-angeles-and-more-to-come-why-teachers-keep-going-on-strike",
"title": "Oakland, Los Angeles and More to Come: Why Teachers Keep Going on Strike",
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"headTitle": "Oakland, Los Angeles and More to Come: Why Teachers Keep Going on Strike | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The current wave of teacher walkouts started a year ago this week when educators across West Virginia were out of the classroom for nine days. The movement spread to five\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/25/602859780/teacher-walkouts-a-state-by-state-guide\"> more states\u003c/a> before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/05/15/609734857/north-carolina-teachers-join-the-march-how-did-we-get-here-what-s-next\">school year was over\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ousd-strike\">Oakland Teachers on Strike\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ousd-strike\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35373_IMG_1394-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>New \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/news.release/wkstp.nr0.htm\">data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics\u003c/a> shows that almost a half a million U.S. workers were off the job in strikes or lockouts during 2018, and nearly 400,000 of them were teachers. It was the biggest year for work stoppages since 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, individual districts — such as Denver and Los Angeles — have picked up where states left off. Teachers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727176/oakland-teachers-are-going-on-strike-heres-what-you-need-to-know\">Oakland\u003c/a> were on the picket lines \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727551/oakland-teachers-go-on-strike-in-fight-for-higher-pay-more-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Thursday\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11728041/oakland-teachers-head-into-second-day-of-strike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Friday\u003c/a>, and Sacramento teachers \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/education/article226333340.html\">could be next. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators say they’re angry. They don’t like how states and school districts treat them and their students. A lot of the frustration comes down to money, but dignity and respect are touchstones, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why are teachers striking? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers earn\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/11/600832090/walkouts-and-teacher-pay-how-did-we-get-here\"> less than other workers\u003c/a> with comparable experience and education — a gap that’s widened \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/publication/teacher-pay-gap-2018/\">in recent years\u003c/a>. More than a million teachers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/20/602846417/why-more-than-a-million-teachers-cant-use-social-security\">aren’t covered by Social Security\u003c/a>. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/05/02/605757547/unionized-or-not-teachers-struggle-to-make-ends-meet-npr-ipsos-poll-finds\">NPR/Ipsos Poll conducted last April\u003c/a> found that 59 percent of teachers have worked a second job, and 86 percent say they’ve spent their own money on classroom supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most states where teachers walked out of their classrooms last year — like Oklahoma, Arizona and Colorado — teachers make even less than other educators across the country, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/03/16/592221378/the-fight-over-teacher-salaries-a-look-at-the-numbers\">especially after their pay is adjusted for cost of living\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these educators were pressing for better pay and more funding for schools. Some got what they wanted — at least, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/25/602859780/teacher-walkouts-a-state-by-state-guide\">they were promised it. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/06/27/617893848/is-this-supreme-court-decision-the-end-of-teachers-unions\">major Supreme Court decision \u003c/a>last year dealt a blow to teachers unions. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/27/606208436/supreme-court-deals-blow-to-government-unions\">Janus v. AFSCME\u003c/a>\u003cem>,\u003c/em> the court ruled that public sector unions can no longer collect money from nonmembers covered by collective bargaining agreements. That decision could potentially weaken teacher unions by cutting them off from money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/06/27/617893848/is-this-supreme-court-decision-the-end-of-teachers-unions\">scholars predicted \u003c/a>after the \u003cem>Janus\u003c/em> decision that there would be more militant organizing, including more strikes. That’s because unions may feel forced to prove their value to potential members, as the strength of bargaining agreements — which tend to include costly strike penalties — erodes along with union power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/01/22/687374562/a-deal-in-the-la-teachers-strike-now-union-members-to-vote\">In Los Angeles\u003c/a>, educators got pay raises, smaller class sizes and more support personnel, among other things. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/14/694662525/denver-teachers-reach-tentative-deal-to-end-walkout\">Denver teachers secured \u003c/a>better pay and changes to their controversial bonus system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared with states, districts have been left in a tough spot when responding to teacher demands. During the strike in Los Angeles, for example, district leaders blamed the state for their funding woes. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2016/04/18/474256366/why-americas-schools-have-a-money-problem\">Funding to school districts\u003c/a> comes from shifting, complicated combinations of local, state and federal sources, and in California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/financing-californias-public-schools/\">funding per student is well below the national average\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the strike ended in Denver, Superintendent Susana Cordova said, “We’re in the shape we’re in because of the lack of will and the lack of collaboration at the state level to invest in our schools,” as \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpr.org/news/story/union-dps-pull-an-all-nighter-to-end-the-denver-teacher-strike\">Colorado Public Radio reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Charter schools are part of the story, too\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers in two Chicago \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/shows/wbez-news/in-chicago-tentative-agreement-reached-in-first-us-charter-school-strike/c26d18f8-102b-44dd-91f7-a27f83525085\">charter school networks\u003c/a> have \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/shows/wbez-news/nine-day-chicago-charter-teacher-walkout-ends/4c735374-bbe6-4bad-b704-a99f75939c59\">gone on strike\u003c/a>, asking for better pay and smaller classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, public school teachers have long argued that charters siphon public funds and fail to serve all students. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727176/oakland-teachers-are-going-on-strike-heres-what-you-need-to-know\">In Oakland\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/2019/01/29/lausd_board_asks_state_to_temporarily_halt_new_charter_schools_from_opening.php\">Los Angeles\u003c/a>, teachers are asking for more restrictions on these schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Virginia educators \u003ca href=\"http://www.wvpublic.org/post/unions-call-day-2-teacher-strike-cite-slight-chance-sb-451-could-be-revived\">walked off the job again\u003c/a> for two days this week to protest a bill making its way through the statehouse that could have introduced charter schools to the state. Lawmakers effectively killed the bill on Tuesday, and union leaders \u003ca href=\"http://www.wvpublic.org/post/wva-teachers-end-strike-unions-say-trust-issues-remain\">called the strike off\u003c/a> on Wednesday evening after the time for lawmakers to reconsider the measure had passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How are teachers organizing?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of the walkouts last year happened in right-to-work states, where unions are smaller and weaker. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/02/597358137/teachers-are-marching-ahead-of-their-unions-from-oklahoma-to-arizona\">Grassroots groups teamed up with unions\u003c/a> to plan strikes and walkouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Districtwide strikes this year have been led by local unions, like United Teachers Los Angeles, the Denver Classroom Teachers Association and the Oakland Education Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unions and grassroots groups have both relied on social media to coordinate. The slogan \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23redfored&src=typd\">#RedforEd\u003c/a> became widespread last year and has picked up again in Denver, Los Angeles and Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Putting the strikes in political context \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is this movement a partisan one? Largely, if not entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Picketing teachers have often, though not always, faced off against Republican lawmakers. In Colorado and Arizona, for example, Republican lawmakers introduced bills that were seen as direct retaliation against strikers: to\u003ca href=\"https://chalkbeat.org/posts/co/2018/04/22/this-colorado-bill-would-ban-teacher-strikes-and-hit-violators-with-fines-and-jail-time/\"> jail teachers for walking off the job\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/politics/arizona-education/2018/12/19/arizona-teachers-who-talk-politics-fired-new-bill-legislature-mark-finchem-redfored-schools/2349602002/\">punish them for discussing politics in the classroom\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When teachers in Kentucky walked out of their classrooms last spring, Gov. Matt Bevin, a Republican, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/14/602490150/kentucky-governor-claims-kids-were-assaulted-while-teachers-absent-from-classroo\">told reporters\u003c/a>, “I guarantee you somewhere in Kentucky today, a child was sexually assaulted that was left at home because there was nobody there to watch them.” He\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/15/602671694/kentucky-governor-apologizes-for-comments-on-teachers-strike\"> later apologized\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican Mary Fallin, then governor of Oklahoma, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oklahoma-teachers-fight-for-increased-funding-were-doing-this-for-our-kids/\">told CBS News\u003c/a> last year that teachers on strike were “kind of like having a teenage kid that wants a better car.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, conservatives heralded the \u003cem>Janus \u003c/em>decision as a victory for the “individual rights of teachers” as well as the “lessened ability for unions to block education reform generally,” as Lindsey Burke of the conservative Heritage Foundation \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/06/27/617893848/is-this-supreme-court-decision-the-end-of-teachers-unions\">told NPR last spring\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scholars say striking teachers fit the profile of a broader movement within the Democratic Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of teachers ran\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/16/639149650/why-teachers-are-going-from-classrooms-to-campaign-trails\"> for state office\u003c/a> during midterm elections, mostly on Democratic tickets, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/teachers-running-for-state-office.html\">analysis by \u003c/a>\u003cem>Education Week. \u003c/em>Jahana Hayes, the 2016 National Teacher of the Year, became the first black Democrat elected to Congress from Connecticut, on a child-centered, progressive platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic presidential candidates, notably, are throwing their support behind striking teachers. Sen. Kamala Harris, D-Calif., tweeted in January that she was standing in solidarity with the striking Los Angeles teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a big change from the Obama era when many Democrats backed charter schools, tests and accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/05/690345256/fact-check-trumps-state-of-the-union-address\">expressed support for school choice\u003c/a> in his recent State of the Union address. He has had little to say about the teacher walkouts or the conditions they work under otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But education issues cross party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As teachers protested in West Virginia this week, Gov. Jim Justice, a Republican, \u003ca href=\"https://governor.wv.gov/News/press-releases/2019/Pages/Gov.-Justice-calls-on-Legislature-to-pass-%E2%80%9Cclean%E2%80%9D-pay-raise-bill-for-state-employees.aspx\">told reporters\u003c/a>, “I’ve said all along that I am not an advocate and a fan of charter schools, period.” A\u003ca href=\"http://www.wvpublic.org/post/clean-pay-raise-bill-zips-through-house-finance-heads-floor\"> bill introduced to the state House\u003c/a> on his behalf would provide a pay raise for state employees, including teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Oakland%2C+Los+Angeles+And+More+To+Come%3A+Why+Teachers+Keep+Going+On+Strike&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Across the country, teachers are striking again. First there was Los Angeles, then Denver and West Virginia. Now Oakland teachers are on the picket lines.",
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"title": "Oakland, Los Angeles and More to Come: Why Teachers Keep Going on Strike | KQED",
"description": "Across the country, teachers are striking again. First there was Los Angeles, then Denver and West Virginia. Now Oakland teachers are on the picket lines.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The current wave of teacher walkouts started a year ago this week when educators across West Virginia were out of the classroom for nine days. The movement spread to five\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/25/602859780/teacher-walkouts-a-state-by-state-guide\"> more states\u003c/a> before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/05/15/609734857/north-carolina-teachers-join-the-march-how-did-we-get-here-what-s-next\">school year was over\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ousd-strike\">Oakland Teachers on Strike\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ousd-strike\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35373_IMG_1394-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>New \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/news.release/wkstp.nr0.htm\">data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics\u003c/a> shows that almost a half a million U.S. workers were off the job in strikes or lockouts during 2018, and nearly 400,000 of them were teachers. It was the biggest year for work stoppages since 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, individual districts — such as Denver and Los Angeles — have picked up where states left off. Teachers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727176/oakland-teachers-are-going-on-strike-heres-what-you-need-to-know\">Oakland\u003c/a> were on the picket lines \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727551/oakland-teachers-go-on-strike-in-fight-for-higher-pay-more-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Thursday\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11728041/oakland-teachers-head-into-second-day-of-strike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Friday\u003c/a>, and Sacramento teachers \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/education/article226333340.html\">could be next. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators say they’re angry. They don’t like how states and school districts treat them and their students. A lot of the frustration comes down to money, but dignity and respect are touchstones, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why are teachers striking? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers earn\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/11/600832090/walkouts-and-teacher-pay-how-did-we-get-here\"> less than other workers\u003c/a> with comparable experience and education — a gap that’s widened \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/publication/teacher-pay-gap-2018/\">in recent years\u003c/a>. More than a million teachers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/20/602846417/why-more-than-a-million-teachers-cant-use-social-security\">aren’t covered by Social Security\u003c/a>. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/05/02/605757547/unionized-or-not-teachers-struggle-to-make-ends-meet-npr-ipsos-poll-finds\">NPR/Ipsos Poll conducted last April\u003c/a> found that 59 percent of teachers have worked a second job, and 86 percent say they’ve spent their own money on classroom supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most states where teachers walked out of their classrooms last year — like Oklahoma, Arizona and Colorado — teachers make even less than other educators across the country, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/03/16/592221378/the-fight-over-teacher-salaries-a-look-at-the-numbers\">especially after their pay is adjusted for cost of living\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these educators were pressing for better pay and more funding for schools. Some got what they wanted — at least, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/25/602859780/teacher-walkouts-a-state-by-state-guide\">they were promised it. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/06/27/617893848/is-this-supreme-court-decision-the-end-of-teachers-unions\">major Supreme Court decision \u003c/a>last year dealt a blow to teachers unions. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/27/606208436/supreme-court-deals-blow-to-government-unions\">Janus v. AFSCME\u003c/a>\u003cem>,\u003c/em> the court ruled that public sector unions can no longer collect money from nonmembers covered by collective bargaining agreements. That decision could potentially weaken teacher unions by cutting them off from money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/06/27/617893848/is-this-supreme-court-decision-the-end-of-teachers-unions\">scholars predicted \u003c/a>after the \u003cem>Janus\u003c/em> decision that there would be more militant organizing, including more strikes. That’s because unions may feel forced to prove their value to potential members, as the strength of bargaining agreements — which tend to include costly strike penalties — erodes along with union power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/01/22/687374562/a-deal-in-the-la-teachers-strike-now-union-members-to-vote\">In Los Angeles\u003c/a>, educators got pay raises, smaller class sizes and more support personnel, among other things. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/14/694662525/denver-teachers-reach-tentative-deal-to-end-walkout\">Denver teachers secured \u003c/a>better pay and changes to their controversial bonus system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared with states, districts have been left in a tough spot when responding to teacher demands. During the strike in Los Angeles, for example, district leaders blamed the state for their funding woes. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2016/04/18/474256366/why-americas-schools-have-a-money-problem\">Funding to school districts\u003c/a> comes from shifting, complicated combinations of local, state and federal sources, and in California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/financing-californias-public-schools/\">funding per student is well below the national average\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the strike ended in Denver, Superintendent Susana Cordova said, “We’re in the shape we’re in because of the lack of will and the lack of collaboration at the state level to invest in our schools,” as \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpr.org/news/story/union-dps-pull-an-all-nighter-to-end-the-denver-teacher-strike\">Colorado Public Radio reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Charter schools are part of the story, too\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers in two Chicago \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/shows/wbez-news/in-chicago-tentative-agreement-reached-in-first-us-charter-school-strike/c26d18f8-102b-44dd-91f7-a27f83525085\">charter school networks\u003c/a> have \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/shows/wbez-news/nine-day-chicago-charter-teacher-walkout-ends/4c735374-bbe6-4bad-b704-a99f75939c59\">gone on strike\u003c/a>, asking for better pay and smaller classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, public school teachers have long argued that charters siphon public funds and fail to serve all students. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727176/oakland-teachers-are-going-on-strike-heres-what-you-need-to-know\">In Oakland\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/2019/01/29/lausd_board_asks_state_to_temporarily_halt_new_charter_schools_from_opening.php\">Los Angeles\u003c/a>, teachers are asking for more restrictions on these schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Virginia educators \u003ca href=\"http://www.wvpublic.org/post/unions-call-day-2-teacher-strike-cite-slight-chance-sb-451-could-be-revived\">walked off the job again\u003c/a> for two days this week to protest a bill making its way through the statehouse that could have introduced charter schools to the state. Lawmakers effectively killed the bill on Tuesday, and union leaders \u003ca href=\"http://www.wvpublic.org/post/wva-teachers-end-strike-unions-say-trust-issues-remain\">called the strike off\u003c/a> on Wednesday evening after the time for lawmakers to reconsider the measure had passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How are teachers organizing?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of the walkouts last year happened in right-to-work states, where unions are smaller and weaker. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/02/597358137/teachers-are-marching-ahead-of-their-unions-from-oklahoma-to-arizona\">Grassroots groups teamed up with unions\u003c/a> to plan strikes and walkouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Districtwide strikes this year have been led by local unions, like United Teachers Los Angeles, the Denver Classroom Teachers Association and the Oakland Education Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unions and grassroots groups have both relied on social media to coordinate. The slogan \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23redfored&src=typd\">#RedforEd\u003c/a> became widespread last year and has picked up again in Denver, Los Angeles and Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Putting the strikes in political context \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is this movement a partisan one? Largely, if not entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Picketing teachers have often, though not always, faced off against Republican lawmakers. In Colorado and Arizona, for example, Republican lawmakers introduced bills that were seen as direct retaliation against strikers: to\u003ca href=\"https://chalkbeat.org/posts/co/2018/04/22/this-colorado-bill-would-ban-teacher-strikes-and-hit-violators-with-fines-and-jail-time/\"> jail teachers for walking off the job\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/politics/arizona-education/2018/12/19/arizona-teachers-who-talk-politics-fired-new-bill-legislature-mark-finchem-redfored-schools/2349602002/\">punish them for discussing politics in the classroom\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When teachers in Kentucky walked out of their classrooms last spring, Gov. Matt Bevin, a Republican, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/14/602490150/kentucky-governor-claims-kids-were-assaulted-while-teachers-absent-from-classroo\">told reporters\u003c/a>, “I guarantee you somewhere in Kentucky today, a child was sexually assaulted that was left at home because there was nobody there to watch them.” He\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/15/602671694/kentucky-governor-apologizes-for-comments-on-teachers-strike\"> later apologized\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican Mary Fallin, then governor of Oklahoma, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oklahoma-teachers-fight-for-increased-funding-were-doing-this-for-our-kids/\">told CBS News\u003c/a> last year that teachers on strike were “kind of like having a teenage kid that wants a better car.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, conservatives heralded the \u003cem>Janus \u003c/em>decision as a victory for the “individual rights of teachers” as well as the “lessened ability for unions to block education reform generally,” as Lindsey Burke of the conservative Heritage Foundation \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/06/27/617893848/is-this-supreme-court-decision-the-end-of-teachers-unions\">told NPR last spring\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scholars say striking teachers fit the profile of a broader movement within the Democratic Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of teachers ran\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/16/639149650/why-teachers-are-going-from-classrooms-to-campaign-trails\"> for state office\u003c/a> during midterm elections, mostly on Democratic tickets, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/teachers-running-for-state-office.html\">analysis by \u003c/a>\u003cem>Education Week. \u003c/em>Jahana Hayes, the 2016 National Teacher of the Year, became the first black Democrat elected to Congress from Connecticut, on a child-centered, progressive platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic presidential candidates, notably, are throwing their support behind striking teachers. Sen. Kamala Harris, D-Calif., tweeted in January that she was standing in solidarity with the striking Los Angeles teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a big change from the Obama era when many Democrats backed charter schools, tests and accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/05/690345256/fact-check-trumps-state-of-the-union-address\">expressed support for school choice\u003c/a> in his recent State of the Union address. He has had little to say about the teacher walkouts or the conditions they work under otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But education issues cross party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As teachers protested in West Virginia this week, Gov. Jim Justice, a Republican, \u003ca href=\"https://governor.wv.gov/News/press-releases/2019/Pages/Gov.-Justice-calls-on-Legislature-to-pass-%E2%80%9Cclean%E2%80%9D-pay-raise-bill-for-state-employees.aspx\">told reporters\u003c/a>, “I’ve said all along that I am not an advocate and a fan of charter schools, period.” A\u003ca href=\"http://www.wvpublic.org/post/clean-pay-raise-bill-zips-through-house-finance-heads-floor\"> bill introduced to the state House\u003c/a> on his behalf would provide a pay raise for state employees, including teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Oakland%2C+Los+Angeles+And+More+To+Come%3A+Why+Teachers+Keep+Going+On+Strike&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Teachers in Oakland Friday headed into the second day of a districtwide strike, after parents and students supported their demands on Thursday by keeping classrooms largely empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school district’s 3,000 teachers, nurses and counselors began their strike on Thursday over pay, class sizes and school resources, establishing picket lines in front of nearly every school, marching through downtown streets and holding a boisterous rally at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35361_image3-qut-1200x900.jpg\" label=\"Oakland Schools: Put to the Test\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/oaklandschools,Follow our coverage of the strikes, closures, and more.\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials from the district and Oakland Education Association, the union representing the teachers, returned Friday morning to the negotiating table with district officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents, teachers and students spoke with their feet today,” OEA President Keith Brown said Thursday evening, calling for a strong turnout on Friday. “Strikes are won on the streets, not at the bargaining table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers have worked without a contract since July 2017. They are asking for a 12 percent raise over three years, covering 2017 to 2020, to compensate for what they say are among the lowest salaries for public school teachers in the expensive San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m bleeding out every month, falling further into debt,” said Sarah Trauben, 30, who teaches English and government at Oakland Technical High School. She’s taken on a second job as an SAT tutor to make ends meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers are also pushing for smaller class sizes and want the district to hire more full-time nurses and school counselors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sierra Donaldson’s ninth-grade biology class at Oakland Tech, she worries about safety in lab classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Class size is huge. I need to keep an eye on 32 14-year-olds, and I feel like it’s just not safe if we’re working with bacteria or other materials,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The starting salary in the district is $46,500 a year and the average salary is just over $63,000, which is considerably lower than most nearby districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cannot afford to live here,” said kindergarten teacher Elena Njemanze, who has been teaching in Oakland for eight years and has a master’s degree from Mills College. “I can only afford to pay rent because I have my parents helping me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727883\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11727883\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Striking teachers and their supporters gather to march down Broadway to the central school district office on Feb. 21, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sheraz Sadiq/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The district initially offered a 5 percent raise covering 2017 to 2020, saying it’s squeezed by rising costs and an ongoing budget crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In last-minute negotiations on Wednesday aimed at averting a strike, the district increased its offer to a 7 percent raise over four years and a one-time 1.5 percent bonus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But union officials rejected the offer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified School District spokesman John Sasaki said district officials hope to get a counter proposal from the union during Friday’s negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t heard any proposal since last May, so we’re hoping they have something for us when we meet tomorrow,” Sasaki said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local radio host Sana G. posted on Instagram a short video with a dozen Bay Area celebrities, including comedians, musicians, sports stars and others each saying, “I stand with Oakland teachers.” Local celebrities like MC Hammer, Stephen Curry and Oscar winner Mahershala Ali showed support in a video to say they “stand with Oakland teachers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727977\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"W. Kamau Bell shows his support for the Oakland teachers strike.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11727977\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">W. Kamau Bell shows his support for the Oakland teachers strike. \u003ccite>(Sam Lefebvre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Parents also showed their support by honoring the picket line, said Will Lynch, a father with a second-grader at Glenview Elementary School, where nine children out of 460 turned up for school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What are we doing not paying teachers enough money? It reflects our society’s values in a very negative way,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The walkout affects more than 36,000 students at all 87 schools in the district..\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did not have a single student come to school today,” said Katherine Carter, principal at Oakland SOL middle school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A couple kids were on the picket lines, but aside from that, no kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No students turned up at West Oakland Middle School either, said Brown, the union president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727825\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"President of the Oakland Education Association teachers' union Keith Brown leads chant, “get up get down, Oakland is a union town” during a rally in front of city hall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11727825\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Education Association President Keith Brown leads a chant of “get up, get down, Oakland is a union town” during a rally in front of City Hall on Feb. 21, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sheraz Sadiq/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s unfortunate that it’s come to this, but it shines a spotlight on larger issues,” he said. “Public education is a crisis in our country. The teachers are now lifting that up across different states.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union has also called for the district to scrap plans to close as many as 24 schools that serve primarily African-American and Latino students in the city’s flatlands neighborhoods. The union fears even more students will be lost to charter schools that it says drain over $57 million a year from the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent strikes across the nation have built on a wave of teacher activism that began last spring. Unions for West Virginia teachers, who staged a nine-day walkout last year, ended another two-day strike Wednesday. Last week, teachers in Denver ended a three-day walkout after reaching a tentative deal raising their wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And teachers in Los Angeles, the nation’s second-largest school district, staged a six-day strike last month that ended when they settled on a 6 percent raise with promises of smaller class sizes and the addition of nurses and counselors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Janie Har and Olga R. Rodriguez in San Francisco contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Teachers union and district officials met again this morning in an ongoing effort to agree on the terms of a new contract and end the walkout.",
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"title": "Oakland Teachers Head Into Second Day of Strike | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Teachers in Oakland Friday headed into the second day of a districtwide strike, after parents and students supported their demands on Thursday by keeping classrooms largely empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school district’s 3,000 teachers, nurses and counselors began their strike on Thursday over pay, class sizes and school resources, establishing picket lines in front of nearly every school, marching through downtown streets and holding a boisterous rally at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials from the district and Oakland Education Association, the union representing the teachers, returned Friday morning to the negotiating table with district officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents, teachers and students spoke with their feet today,” OEA President Keith Brown said Thursday evening, calling for a strong turnout on Friday. “Strikes are won on the streets, not at the bargaining table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers have worked without a contract since July 2017. They are asking for a 12 percent raise over three years, covering 2017 to 2020, to compensate for what they say are among the lowest salaries for public school teachers in the expensive San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m bleeding out every month, falling further into debt,” said Sarah Trauben, 30, who teaches English and government at Oakland Technical High School. She’s taken on a second job as an SAT tutor to make ends meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers are also pushing for smaller class sizes and want the district to hire more full-time nurses and school counselors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sierra Donaldson’s ninth-grade biology class at Oakland Tech, she worries about safety in lab classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Class size is huge. I need to keep an eye on 32 14-year-olds, and I feel like it’s just not safe if we’re working with bacteria or other materials,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The starting salary in the district is $46,500 a year and the average salary is just over $63,000, which is considerably lower than most nearby districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cannot afford to live here,” said kindergarten teacher Elena Njemanze, who has been teaching in Oakland for eight years and has a master’s degree from Mills College. “I can only afford to pay rent because I have my parents helping me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727883\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11727883\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35375_IMG_1397-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Striking teachers and their supporters gather to march down Broadway to the central school district office on Feb. 21, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sheraz Sadiq/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The district initially offered a 5 percent raise covering 2017 to 2020, saying it’s squeezed by rising costs and an ongoing budget crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In last-minute negotiations on Wednesday aimed at averting a strike, the district increased its offer to a 7 percent raise over four years and a one-time 1.5 percent bonus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But union officials rejected the offer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified School District spokesman John Sasaki said district officials hope to get a counter proposal from the union during Friday’s negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t heard any proposal since last May, so we’re hoping they have something for us when we meet tomorrow,” Sasaki said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local radio host Sana G. posted on Instagram a short video with a dozen Bay Area celebrities, including comedians, musicians, sports stars and others each saying, “I stand with Oakland teachers.” Local celebrities like MC Hammer, Stephen Curry and Oscar winner Mahershala Ali showed support in a video to say they “stand with Oakland teachers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727977\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"W. Kamau Bell shows his support for the Oakland teachers strike.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11727977\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35384_Kamau-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">W. Kamau Bell shows his support for the Oakland teachers strike. \u003ccite>(Sam Lefebvre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Parents also showed their support by honoring the picket line, said Will Lynch, a father with a second-grader at Glenview Elementary School, where nine children out of 460 turned up for school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What are we doing not paying teachers enough money? It reflects our society’s values in a very negative way,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The walkout affects more than 36,000 students at all 87 schools in the district..\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did not have a single student come to school today,” said Katherine Carter, principal at Oakland SOL middle school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A couple kids were on the picket lines, but aside from that, no kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No students turned up at West Oakland Middle School either, said Brown, the union president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727825\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"President of the Oakland Education Association teachers' union Keith Brown leads chant, “get up get down, Oakland is a union town” during a rally in front of city hall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11727825\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS35371_IMG_1381-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Education Association President Keith Brown leads a chant of “get up, get down, Oakland is a union town” during a rally in front of City Hall on Feb. 21, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sheraz Sadiq/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s unfortunate that it’s come to this, but it shines a spotlight on larger issues,” he said. “Public education is a crisis in our country. The teachers are now lifting that up across different states.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union has also called for the district to scrap plans to close as many as 24 schools that serve primarily African-American and Latino students in the city’s flatlands neighborhoods. The union fears even more students will be lost to charter schools that it says drain over $57 million a year from the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent strikes across the nation have built on a wave of teacher activism that began last spring. Unions for West Virginia teachers, who staged a nine-day walkout last year, ended another two-day strike Wednesday. Last week, teachers in Denver ended a three-day walkout after reaching a tentative deal raising their wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And teachers in Los Angeles, the nation’s second-largest school district, staged a six-day strike last month that ended when they settled on a 6 percent raise with promises of smaller class sizes and the addition of nurses and counselors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Janie Har and Olga R. Rodriguez in San Francisco contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"jerrybrown": {
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"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
},
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},
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
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},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
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"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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