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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Update: Thursday, May 7, 2020 at 5:15 pm\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement said Thursday that Carlos Escobar-Mejia died Wednesday at 2:15 a.m. at the Paradise Valley Hospital in National City, Calif. He was admitted to the hospital April 24 and tested positive for COVID-19 the same day, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They confirmed that his death was the first known coronavirus fatality of a person in ICE detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Escobar-Mejia, 57, had been in ICE custody since Jan. 10, the agency said in a statement, adding that a medical screening showed he suffered from hypertension and that he told officials he was diabetic. An immigration judge had denied his release on bond April 15, deeming him a flight risk, ICE said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Escobar-Mejia, originally from El Salvador, first came to the United States in 1980, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the statement, ICE reported that 181 immigrants held in detention at the Otay Mesa Detention Center have been diagnosed with COVID-19 since April 1, with 140 of them currently in ICE custody. As of Thursday, 753 detainees nationwide have been confirmed to have the virus, out of 1528 tested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Otay Mesa facility stopped accepting new detainees on April 2, according to the ICE statement, and the total number of people held there has been reduced — from 996 on Feb. 29, to 629 as of May 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original story:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 57-year-old man held at an immigration detention facility in San Diego has died of COVID-19, immigrant advocates reported Wednesday. It is the first known coronavirus death among the roughly 30,000 people detained by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials would not confirm the death, saying the agency’s policy is to announce detainee deaths within 48 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man, identified as Carlos Ernesto Escobar Mejia \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/immigration/story/2020-05-06/first-ice-detainee-dies-from-covid-19-after-being-hospitalized-from-otay-mesa-detention-center\">by The San Diego Union-Tribune\u003c/a>, was originally from El Salvador and had been held at the Otay Mesa Detention Center for about four months. He had spent his last days in a hospital, where he died, according to Dulce Garcia, executive director of the advocacy group Border Angels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE set up a death trap and it was just a matter of time,” said Garcia, an attorney who represents immigrants detained at Otay Mesa. “We’ve known for weeks that they don’t have enough testing for everyone in there, and when you do test positive they put you into these cohorts with 100 other people. They should be releasing everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another San Diego immigration lawyer said a distraught client of his at Otay Mesa called him to say that guards had come to her pod Wednesday morning and told detainees that a man housed in another pod had died of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can feel in her voice how scared she is,” attorney Ian Seruelo said of his client, a Mexican asylum-seeker who is trying to get released from custody. “There is this atmosphere inside where everyone is scared of what’s going to happen. They’re living on the edge. They don’t know if they could be the next one to be infected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The death comes one week after a federal judge in San Diego \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusandiego.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/2020-04-30-38-ORD-Granting-TRO.pdf\">ordered\u003c/a> ICE to immediately consider dozens of medically vulnerable people, including those 60 or older, for release from detention at Otay Mesa. As of Monday, just two individuals had been released.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Ian Seruelo, immigration attorney\"]‘There is this atmosphere inside where everyone is scared of what’s going to happen. They’re living on the edge. They don’t know if they could be the next one to be infected.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his emergency order, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw called the conditions at the Otay Mesa facility unconstitutional, because they put detainees “at substantial risk of serious illness or death.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order followed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusandiego.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/2020-04-21-Class-Complaint-FINAL.pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> filed by the ACLU of San Diego, calling for ICE and private prison operator CoreCivic to dramatically reduce the number of detainees at Otay Mesa. ACLU staff attorney Monika Langarica said Escobar Mejia should have been released as medically vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today one of those people has died because ICE refused to release him when he still had a chance to survive this deadly virus,” said Langarica in a statement Wednesday. “We continue to call on ICE and CoreCivic to act urgently and with humanity. This tragic news is even more evidence that failing to act will result in cruel and needless death.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is one of numerous suits filed in federal courts around the country in recent weeks, urgently requesting ICE to protect detained immigrants by releasing them from custody and implementing stronger social distancing and hygiene measures for those who remain locked up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with ICE and CoreCivic did not respond to repeated requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Seruelo said his client should also be released, based on her heightened risk for complications of COVID-19. He said she had been treated for diabetes for years in Mexico but lacked documentation of her condition. He also said she had been tested for diabetes two weeks ago by ICE medical staff but was still waiting for the test results to be released to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11812701,news_11813475,news_11809081 label='Related Coverage']There are currently 132 ICE detainees and 10 ICE staff at Otay Mesa who have tested positive for COVID-19, according to the agency. That’s more than triple the number of cases two weeks ago, and by far the largest outbreak at an ICE detention center. In addition, CoreCivic has reported at least nine of its employees with confirmed cases. And 54 federal prisoners held for the U.S. Marshals Service at the facility have also been diagnosed with the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus\">ICE reports\u003c/a> that it has tested 1,460 detained people for COVID-19 and 705 of those tests — almost half — have come back positive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Kamala Harris, who last month joined with a dozen other Democratic senators \u003ca href=\"https://www.harris.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Harris%20Follow%20Up%20Letter%20re%20covid%20prep%20in%20DHS%20Facilities.pdf\">calling on ICE\u003c/a> to release vulnerable and low-risk detainees, decried Escobar Mejia’s death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Tragically, this death was likely preventable,” Harris told KQED. “For months, I have called on the Department of Homeland Security and the Bureau of Prisons to act quickly to prevent the spread of COVID-19 at facilities like Otay Mesa Detention Center. It is imperative that officials take every step available to prevent more illness and loss.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the statement, ICE reported that 181 immigrants held in detention at the Otay Mesa Detention Center have been diagnosed with COVID-19 since April 1, with 140 of them currently in ICE custody. As of Thursday, 753 detainees nationwide have been confirmed to have the virus, out of 1528 tested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Otay Mesa facility stopped accepting new detainees on April 2, according to the ICE statement, and the total number of people held there has been reduced — from 996 on Feb. 29, to 629 as of May 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original story:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 57-year-old man held at an immigration detention facility in San Diego has died of COVID-19, immigrant advocates reported Wednesday. It is the first known coronavirus death among the roughly 30,000 people detained by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials would not confirm the death, saying the agency’s policy is to announce detainee deaths within 48 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man, identified as Carlos Ernesto Escobar Mejia \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/immigration/story/2020-05-06/first-ice-detainee-dies-from-covid-19-after-being-hospitalized-from-otay-mesa-detention-center\">by The San Diego Union-Tribune\u003c/a>, was originally from El Salvador and had been held at the Otay Mesa Detention Center for about four months. He had spent his last days in a hospital, where he died, according to Dulce Garcia, executive director of the advocacy group Border Angels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE set up a death trap and it was just a matter of time,” said Garcia, an attorney who represents immigrants detained at Otay Mesa. “We’ve known for weeks that they don’t have enough testing for everyone in there, and when you do test positive they put you into these cohorts with 100 other people. They should be releasing everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another San Diego immigration lawyer said a distraught client of his at Otay Mesa called him to say that guards had come to her pod Wednesday morning and told detainees that a man housed in another pod had died of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can feel in her voice how scared she is,” attorney Ian Seruelo said of his client, a Mexican asylum-seeker who is trying to get released from custody. “There is this atmosphere inside where everyone is scared of what’s going to happen. They’re living on the edge. They don’t know if they could be the next one to be infected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The death comes one week after a federal judge in San Diego \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusandiego.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/2020-04-30-38-ORD-Granting-TRO.pdf\">ordered\u003c/a> ICE to immediately consider dozens of medically vulnerable people, including those 60 or older, for release from detention at Otay Mesa. As of Monday, just two individuals had been released.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Lexis Hernandez Avilez returned to her family home in Monterey County last Friday after being released from immigration detention, she said she felt nervous and was shaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, I feel alone,” Avilez said. “I feel a little strange still, here. And right now, when I came in … I started kind of feeling the same way I was in the cell, being isolated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After nearly 17 months locked up in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention centers, Avilez is now adjusting to a strange kind of freedom — with Californians ordered to shelter at home because of the coronavirus pandemic. [aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avilez has lived most of her 41 years in California, after being brought to the U.S. from Mexico as a baby. But in 2018, Avilez was turned over to ICE after serving time for a felony assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avilez was assigned male at birth but struggled with gender identity for years. While in ICE custody at the Yuba County Jail in Marysville, California, and fighting deportation in immigration court, Avilez began to identify as female, and a jail doctor ordered treatment for gender dysphoria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2019, without the knowledge of her lawyer, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11793952/sf-public-defenders-office-takes-on-ice-over-transfer-of-client-to-texas\">transferred Avilez\u003c/a> to a detention facility in Texas — which officials said was the only place the agency could provide her the hormone therapy she needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, on April 8, U.S. District Judge Charles Breyer ruled that Avilez was entitled to a bond hearing. An immigration judge found Avilez was not a flight risk and granted her release on a bond of $10,000, which was paid by the California-based nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org/\">Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE released Avilez on April 24 and flew her back to California. [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avilez said she’s happy to be free. But, ironically, she has found it hard to be away from the Prairieland Detention Center, south of Dallas, where ICE houses some transgender detainees. Avilez spent just over three months there and received the hormone treatment she sought. She said it was one of the few places she felt accepted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn’t see me no different, and that’s why I was happy and I got real close with them,” she said of the other immigrants in detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Avilez is back with her family. But returning home in the midst of a pandemic is complicated, and being home has brought up feelings of isolation and claustrophobia that she felt before she found friends at the Texas facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people who’ve been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11813278/for-formerly-incarcerated-students-shelter-in-place-can-feel-like-prison-again\">previously incarcerated\u003c/a> have also reported that the shelter-in-place order has triggered some memories of isolation from inside. [pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Lexis Hernandez Avilez']‘… I want to be able to wear my makeup. I don’t have to be scared no more.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Avilez, the difficult adjustment is not just the result of the time she spent in prison and detention, but that she’s back in her aunt’s house — trying to live her life authentically in close quarters with some family members who haven’t seen her since she transitioned to female.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My aunt still calls me m’ijo. It’s kind of hard for her, and I understand that. I’ll have to sit down and talk with her about that later,” Avilez said. “But, I want to be able to wear my makeup. I don’t have to be scared no more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avilez lost an initial bid for asylum, but she has appealed. While she awaits her next immigration court hearing, she said she’s eager to get her life started again. She wants to get a cellphone, so that she can call the friends she made in detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also wants to get her job back. Avilez said she used to work in the medical field as a service technician, helping people who use wheelchairs and providing assistance to the elderly across Monterey County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m happy I’m free. [Though] I don’t feel completely free because I’m wearing an ankle monitor … I can’t go out,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Avilez left ICE custody, she has not had access to hormone treatment. But attorney Hector Vega of the San Francisco Public Defender’s Office, who represents Avilez in her immigration case, said social workers in his office have found a clinic in Monterey County that can provide her the medication, free of charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her first act of independence since being released from detention, Avilez bought a pink T-shirt with a single parentheses in the middle and colons dotting either side, creating the image of both a sad and happy face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it a happy face?” Avilez asked. “You decide if it’s happy or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avilez has lived most of her 41 years in California, after being brought to the U.S. from Mexico as a baby. But in 2018, Avilez was turned over to ICE after serving time for a felony assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avilez was assigned male at birth but struggled with gender identity for years. While in ICE custody at the Yuba County Jail in Marysville, California, and fighting deportation in immigration court, Avilez began to identify as female, and a jail doctor ordered treatment for gender dysphoria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2019, without the knowledge of her lawyer, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11793952/sf-public-defenders-office-takes-on-ice-over-transfer-of-client-to-texas\">transferred Avilez\u003c/a> to a detention facility in Texas — which officials said was the only place the agency could provide her the hormone therapy she needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, on April 8, U.S. District Judge Charles Breyer ruled that Avilez was entitled to a bond hearing. An immigration judge found Avilez was not a flight risk and granted her release on a bond of $10,000, which was paid by the California-based nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org/\">Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE released Avilez on April 24 and flew her back to California. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avilez said she’s happy to be free. But, ironically, she has found it hard to be away from the Prairieland Detention Center, south of Dallas, where ICE houses some transgender detainees. Avilez spent just over three months there and received the hormone treatment she sought. She said it was one of the few places she felt accepted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn’t see me no different, and that’s why I was happy and I got real close with them,” she said of the other immigrants in detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Avilez is back with her family. But returning home in the midst of a pandemic is complicated, and being home has brought up feelings of isolation and claustrophobia that she felt before she found friends at the Texas facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people who’ve been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11813278/for-formerly-incarcerated-students-shelter-in-place-can-feel-like-prison-again\">previously incarcerated\u003c/a> have also reported that the shelter-in-place order has triggered some memories of isolation from inside. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge in California on Monday ordered U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement to \"identify and track\" every person in ICE detention at an elevated risk of complications from COVID-19 and to consider releasing those detainees regardless of their legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Risk factors identified by the court include pregnancy, persons over the age of 55 and those with chronic health conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus\">ICE says\u003c/a> there are 220 confirmed cases of COVID-19 among those in ICE custody and 30 confirmed cases among ICE employees working in detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://creeclaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/2020-04-20-132-Order-Granting-Amicus-Brs.-Subclass-Cert.-PI.pdf\">In his opinion\u003c/a>, U.S. District Judge Jesus Bernal wrote that ICE has \"likely exhibited callous indifference to the safety and well-being of [detained immigrants at risk.] The evidence suggests systemwide inaction that goes beyond a mere 'difference of medical opinion or negligence.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The preliminary injunction orders ICE to \"identify and track\" detainees with risk factors within 10 days, or within five days of being placed in custody. The judge ordered the agency to implement increased precautions to protect against infection in line with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention standards, and to consider release of high-risk detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11812701 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/otay-1020x678.png']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has come under fire during the pandemic for not taking greater measures to slow the spread of the virus in detention centers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus\">On its website\u003c/a>, ICE says it has \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/16/835886346/ice-releases-hundreds-as-coronavirus-spreads-in-detention-centers\">\u003c/a>evaluated its detained population based upon the CDC's guidance for people who might be at higher risk for severe illness as a result of COVID-19 to determine whether continued detention was appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Of this population, ICE has \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/16/835886346/ice-releases-hundreds-as-coronavirus-spreads-in-detention-centers\">released nearly 700 individuals\u003c/a> ... This same methodology is currently being applied to other potentially vulnerable populations currently in custody and while making custody determinations for all new arrests.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Federal+Judge+Orders+ICE+To+Consider+Releasing+Detainees+At+High+Risk+For+COVID-19&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Both U.S. senators from California are calling for an investigation into reports that detained women at a federal immigration facility in San Diego were pepper sprayed and handcuffed by guards after demanding protective masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Sens. Dianne Feinstein and Kamala Harris sent a letter Wednesday asking the U.S. Department of Homeland Security inspector general to look into “alarming reports of conduct by staff” during a recent incident at the Otay Mesa Detention Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The allegation comes amid mounting calls by public officials and advocates to release people from federal immigration detention facilities during the coronavirus pandemic to stem further spread of the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventeen detainees at the Otay Mesa facility have already tested positive for COVID-19, along with 14 staff members from both U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement and private prison operator CoreCivic — far more cases than at any other ICE facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Letter from Sens. Dianne Feinstein and Kamala Harris and Rep. Juan Vargas\"]‘People are fearful during this time, particularly those in U.S. custody who are especially vulnerable to infection but face limited access to information about how to protect themselves, limited ability to observe protective measures like social distancing and limited language access services.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are among 100 inmates and 25 employees at two dozen ICE facilities nationwide who have contracted the virus, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus\">reported\u003c/a> Thursday. No other ICE detention center in California has so far reported cases, although immigration lawyers say that few detainees are being tested for the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their \u003ca href=\"https://www.harris.senate.gov/news/press-releases/harris-demands-dhs-oig-investigate-treatment-of-detained-individuals-at-otay-mesa-detention-center\">letter\u003c/a> to DHS Inspector General Joseph V. Cuffari, Feinstein and Harris — along with Democratic Rep. Juan Vargas whose district includes Otay Mesa — requested an immediate investigation into the April 10 incident, which reportedly began when guards told detainees they would have to sign documents in English in order to receive masks to protect against COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are fearful during this time, particularly those in U.S. custody who are especially vulnerable to infection but face limited access to information about how to protect themselves, limited ability to observe protective measures like social distancing and limited language access services,” the three lawmakers wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These allegations are all the more troubling in light of your office’s consistent findings during the course of over two years that ICE has failed to adequately protect the health and safety of individuals in its custody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego immigrant advocates told KQED that the Otay Mesa incident allegedly began after some female detainees cut up T-shirts to use as improvised masks and were then told by guards that they would have to sign liability release forms if they wanted real masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The form was provided in English only, and when one person translated its meaning, the women refused to sign, according to attorney Ian Seruelo, who represents one of the women, a Mexican asylum-seeker who has been detained for more than six months. Seruelo said his client told him a commotion ensued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when they called in the male, stronger guards and pepper sprayed them,” said Seruelo. “[My client] said she was able to cover her face. She was handcuffed and taken to isolation. She saw two others handcuffed as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Audio of the incident was also captured in a phone call recorded on April 10 by a volunteer with Pueblos Sin Fronteras, an immigration rights group, who was speaking with a detainee as the situation escalated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the recording, which was posted on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/PuebloSF/videos/647580456025723/\">Facebook\u003c/a>, one of the women in Spanish says, “Please help us get out! They’re spraying pepper spray into the cells.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after, she says, “They’re taking people out of the cells in handcuffs,” and then begins to shriek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CoreCivic, the private prison operator that runs Otay Mesa under contract with ICE, denied that staff used force, and said in a statement, “regarding the pepper spray claim, those allegations are patently false.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The temporary removal of three detainees from one of the pods was in direct response to their being disruptive during the issuance of the face masks,” wrote Amanda Gilchrist, CoreCivic’s public affairs director. “At no time was any force used to remove these individuals, and they were returned to the pod a short while later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gilchrist added that no signed waiver will be required to receive a mask, and that all detainees have been issued face masks. In her statement, she also said that CoreCivic is working with ICE medical staff to screen employees, disinfect surfaces, encourage social distancing and hand-washing and quarantine sick detainees and people they’ve had contact with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the company’s quarantine approach has raised concerns for another immigrant advocate. Attorney Dulce Garcia, executive director of the group Border Angels, said she’s been trying to post a bond for an asylum-seeker who has been approved for release but said officials told her he had to stay in his quarantined unit for 14 days, even though he’s not sick and hasn’t been tested for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one can get out of the cohort,” said Garcia. “Today we received notice that they moved someone who tested positive and had a fever last week into the cohort. Every time they put a new person in, the clock starts again. How will they ever get out?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia said her client has family in the U.S. with a home where he would be able to isolate himself upon his release. For now, she said, he is stuck in a unit with about 100 men sleeping in eight-person bunk rooms, eating together and sharing bathrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s afraid he’s going to die there,” said Garcia. “He’s desperate. He doesn’t know how to distance himself and he’s afraid everyone is going to give it to him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CoreCivic confirmed that housing pods at Otay Mesa with positive cases are under quarantine, and said “high-medical-risk detainees” are being separated. Gilchrist, the company spokeswoman, referred KQED to ICE for further comment, but they agency did not respond by press time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE has reduced the number of people in custody nationally, from more than 38,000 three weeks ago to a total of just over 32,000 as of Saturday. There were 3,402 people in ICE’s four California detention facilities as of March 28, the most recent data available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Due to the unprecedented nature of COVID-19, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement is reviewing cases of individuals in detention who may be vulnerable to the virus. Utilizing CDC guidance along with the advice of medical professionals, ICE may place individuals in a number of alternatives to detention options,” ICE said in a statement released by spokeswoman Paige Hughes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials said they’ve released almost 700 medically-vulnerable immigrants, including pregnant women and people over 60.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=related coverage\" tag=\"immigration\"]Many of these releases have been ordered by courts responding to a series of lawsuits filed in recent week by advocates around the country. Federal judges in California have ordered the release of at least 10 ICE detainees. Courts have made similar rulings in Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey and Massachusetts, and other cases are pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some elected officials — including Harris and state Attorney General Xavier Becerra — are \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/4.13.20%20-%20Letter%20to%20DHS%20Acting%20Secretary.pdf\">asking ICE\u003c/a> to go further and release detainees who pose no threat to public safety. And this week, Sen. Cory Booker, D-New Jersey, and Rep. Pramila Jayapal, D-Washington, \u003ca href=\"https://www.booker.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/MDM20356.pdf\">introduced a bill \u003c/a>to move most inmates out of ICE detention and suspend most immigration enforcement during the current pandemic and future public health emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People in ICE custody are not serving criminal sentences; they are being held in administrative detention while awaiting hearings in immigration court. The detained population has swelled under President Trump, reaching more than 52,000 last spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile lawyers for immigrants at Otay Mesa and other detention centers, including the large Mesa Verde ICE Processing Facility in Bakersfield, say their clients have launched hunger strikes to push for release or at least better protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recording made Saturday and obtained by KQED, Pablo Ramirez, a detained man at Mesa Verde, said he and others had started a hunger strike the day before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s virus in here. We have a feeling it might get in here,” said Ramirez. “They’re not treating us with the medical care that we need. They don’t test us for anything. They say they screen, but they don’t even take our temperatures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Beaty, a lawyer with Oakland’s Centro Legal de la Raza, who is in touch with detained immigrants at Mesa Verde, said detainees there gave up their hunger strike after guards threatened to deny them access to the commissary, where they buy soap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seruelo, the San Diego immigration attorney, said he knew about 20 men at Otay Mesa who had started a hunger strike in early April to protest conditions during the outbreak. But he said most discontinued it after being placed in solitary confinement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, he continues to push for the release of his client, the woman he said was pepper sprayed. The woman does not have any record of violence, he said, stressing that practically everyone released with an electronic ankle monitor shows up for court. He said his third request for her release, sent two weeks ago, has so far gone unanswered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE should really move quickly. It’s a very dangerous strain of virus,” said Seruelo. “I don’t understand why they are taking so much risk when we are talking about human lives here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Both U.S. senators from California are calling for an investigation into reports that detained women at a federal immigration facility in San Diego were pepper sprayed and handcuffed by guards after demanding protective masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Sens. Dianne Feinstein and Kamala Harris sent a letter Wednesday asking the U.S. Department of Homeland Security inspector general to look into “alarming reports of conduct by staff” during a recent incident at the Otay Mesa Detention Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The allegation comes amid mounting calls by public officials and advocates to release people from federal immigration detention facilities during the coronavirus pandemic to stem further spread of the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventeen detainees at the Otay Mesa facility have already tested positive for COVID-19, along with 14 staff members from both U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement and private prison operator CoreCivic — far more cases than at any other ICE facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are among 100 inmates and 25 employees at two dozen ICE facilities nationwide who have contracted the virus, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus\">reported\u003c/a> Thursday. No other ICE detention center in California has so far reported cases, although immigration lawyers say that few detainees are being tested for the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their \u003ca href=\"https://www.harris.senate.gov/news/press-releases/harris-demands-dhs-oig-investigate-treatment-of-detained-individuals-at-otay-mesa-detention-center\">letter\u003c/a> to DHS Inspector General Joseph V. Cuffari, Feinstein and Harris — along with Democratic Rep. Juan Vargas whose district includes Otay Mesa — requested an immediate investigation into the April 10 incident, which reportedly began when guards told detainees they would have to sign documents in English in order to receive masks to protect against COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are fearful during this time, particularly those in U.S. custody who are especially vulnerable to infection but face limited access to information about how to protect themselves, limited ability to observe protective measures like social distancing and limited language access services,” the three lawmakers wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These allegations are all the more troubling in light of your office’s consistent findings during the course of over two years that ICE has failed to adequately protect the health and safety of individuals in its custody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego immigrant advocates told KQED that the Otay Mesa incident allegedly began after some female detainees cut up T-shirts to use as improvised masks and were then told by guards that they would have to sign liability release forms if they wanted real masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The form was provided in English only, and when one person translated its meaning, the women refused to sign, according to attorney Ian Seruelo, who represents one of the women, a Mexican asylum-seeker who has been detained for more than six months. Seruelo said his client told him a commotion ensued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when they called in the male, stronger guards and pepper sprayed them,” said Seruelo. “[My client] said she was able to cover her face. She was handcuffed and taken to isolation. She saw two others handcuffed as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Audio of the incident was also captured in a phone call recorded on April 10 by a volunteer with Pueblos Sin Fronteras, an immigration rights group, who was speaking with a detainee as the situation escalated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the recording, which was posted on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/PuebloSF/videos/647580456025723/\">Facebook\u003c/a>, one of the women in Spanish says, “Please help us get out! They’re spraying pepper spray into the cells.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after, she says, “They’re taking people out of the cells in handcuffs,” and then begins to shriek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CoreCivic, the private prison operator that runs Otay Mesa under contract with ICE, denied that staff used force, and said in a statement, “regarding the pepper spray claim, those allegations are patently false.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The temporary removal of three detainees from one of the pods was in direct response to their being disruptive during the issuance of the face masks,” wrote Amanda Gilchrist, CoreCivic’s public affairs director. “At no time was any force used to remove these individuals, and they were returned to the pod a short while later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gilchrist added that no signed waiver will be required to receive a mask, and that all detainees have been issued face masks. In her statement, she also said that CoreCivic is working with ICE medical staff to screen employees, disinfect surfaces, encourage social distancing and hand-washing and quarantine sick detainees and people they’ve had contact with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the company’s quarantine approach has raised concerns for another immigrant advocate. Attorney Dulce Garcia, executive director of the group Border Angels, said she’s been trying to post a bond for an asylum-seeker who has been approved for release but said officials told her he had to stay in his quarantined unit for 14 days, even though he’s not sick and hasn’t been tested for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one can get out of the cohort,” said Garcia. “Today we received notice that they moved someone who tested positive and had a fever last week into the cohort. Every time they put a new person in, the clock starts again. How will they ever get out?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia said her client has family in the U.S. with a home where he would be able to isolate himself upon his release. For now, she said, he is stuck in a unit with about 100 men sleeping in eight-person bunk rooms, eating together and sharing bathrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s afraid he’s going to die there,” said Garcia. “He’s desperate. He doesn’t know how to distance himself and he’s afraid everyone is going to give it to him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CoreCivic confirmed that housing pods at Otay Mesa with positive cases are under quarantine, and said “high-medical-risk detainees” are being separated. Gilchrist, the company spokeswoman, referred KQED to ICE for further comment, but they agency did not respond by press time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE has reduced the number of people in custody nationally, from more than 38,000 three weeks ago to a total of just over 32,000 as of Saturday. There were 3,402 people in ICE’s four California detention facilities as of March 28, the most recent data available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Due to the unprecedented nature of COVID-19, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement is reviewing cases of individuals in detention who may be vulnerable to the virus. Utilizing CDC guidance along with the advice of medical professionals, ICE may place individuals in a number of alternatives to detention options,” ICE said in a statement released by spokeswoman Paige Hughes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials said they’ve released almost 700 medically-vulnerable immigrants, including pregnant women and people over 60.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Many of these releases have been ordered by courts responding to a series of lawsuits filed in recent week by advocates around the country. Federal judges in California have ordered the release of at least 10 ICE detainees. Courts have made similar rulings in Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey and Massachusetts, and other cases are pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some elected officials — including Harris and state Attorney General Xavier Becerra — are \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/4.13.20%20-%20Letter%20to%20DHS%20Acting%20Secretary.pdf\">asking ICE\u003c/a> to go further and release detainees who pose no threat to public safety. And this week, Sen. Cory Booker, D-New Jersey, and Rep. Pramila Jayapal, D-Washington, \u003ca href=\"https://www.booker.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/MDM20356.pdf\">introduced a bill \u003c/a>to move most inmates out of ICE detention and suspend most immigration enforcement during the current pandemic and future public health emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People in ICE custody are not serving criminal sentences; they are being held in administrative detention while awaiting hearings in immigration court. The detained population has swelled under President Trump, reaching more than 52,000 last spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile lawyers for immigrants at Otay Mesa and other detention centers, including the large Mesa Verde ICE Processing Facility in Bakersfield, say their clients have launched hunger strikes to push for release or at least better protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recording made Saturday and obtained by KQED, Pablo Ramirez, a detained man at Mesa Verde, said he and others had started a hunger strike the day before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s virus in here. We have a feeling it might get in here,” said Ramirez. “They’re not treating us with the medical care that we need. They don’t test us for anything. They say they screen, but they don’t even take our temperatures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Beaty, a lawyer with Oakland’s Centro Legal de la Raza, who is in touch with detained immigrants at Mesa Verde, said detainees there gave up their hunger strike after guards threatened to deny them access to the commissary, where they buy soap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seruelo, the San Diego immigration attorney, said he knew about 20 men at Otay Mesa who had started a hunger strike in early April to protest conditions during the outbreak. But he said most discontinued it after being placed in solitary confinement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, he continues to push for the release of his client, the woman he said was pepper sprayed. The woman does not have any record of violence, he said, stressing that practically everyone released with an electronic ankle monitor shows up for court. He said his third request for her release, sent two weeks ago, has so far gone unanswered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE should really move quickly. It’s a very dangerous strain of virus,” said Seruelo. “I don’t understand why they are taking so much risk when we are talking about human lives here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "ICE Detainees, In Panic Over Coronavirus, Await Ruling on Release",
"title": "ICE Detainees, In Panic Over Coronavirus, Await Ruling on Release",
"headTitle": "The Marshall Project | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Wednesday, April 1, 4:00 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As cases of COVID-19 begin to show up in prisons, jails and immigration detention centers across the country, the almost 40,000 people who are being held while awaiting immigration hearings are starting to panic. In California, lawyers have \u003ca href=\"https://www.themarshallproject.org/documents/6823406-Ortu%C3%B1o-et-al-v-ICE-habeas-corpus-petition\">filed suit in federal court\u003c/a> seeking the release of 13 immigrant detainees who have chronic medical conditions and would be at high risk if they contract the novel coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810085\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810085\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/2000x-e1585769177827.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1418\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salomón Medina-Calderón, 56, who is being held at the Yuba County Jail, is one of 13 detainees suing ICE for their release due to the risk of the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Guadalupe Medina)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salomón Medina-Calderón is one of the immigrants named in the lawsuit filed against U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) by the American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California and other legal advocacy groups. Born in Mexico, he’s raised six children over his three decades in the U.S. At 56 years old, Medina-Calderón is nearly blind and has diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do not want to die somewhere like this, in an ICE detention center,” he said in Spanish. “My wish is, for (my) last moments — days or years, I don't know, it depends — to be with my family, to have an end close to my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s being held in the Yuba County Jail, one of two immigration detention facilities in California cited in the lawsuit. The jail is in Marysville, about 40 miles north of Sacramento. It’s a blocky, beige facility holding both county jail inmates and nearly 150 immigrant detainees on Wednesday, according to ICE. There are 50 men in Medina-Calderón’s unit, according to Sgt. Jeff Palmer at the Yuba County Jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In here, it’s a ticking time bomb,” Medina-Calderón said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He described poor conditions in the facility including bad ventilation and a lack of soap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just said, ‘Here, we’re leaving you with soap so that you clean your hands more frequently,’ ” said Medina-Calderón. “But that was two days ago today, and it was just two little bars of soap for 50 people. They were gone in a matter of hours.” [aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE provided a statement saying that soap and paper towels are available in all facilities and that it is following CDC guidelines. At the jail, Palmer said, “We have bars of soap we hand out to them on request.” The sergeant said he could not confirm specific sanitary protection measures in relation to the COVID-19 virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medina-Calderón has been in detention for more than a year while his daughter Guadalupe Medina petitions for his green card. Now Medina, who’s a U.S. citizen and a high school English teacher, is fighting for her father’s immediate release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every day I wake up thinking about him. Was he able to wash his hands? Are there any other inmates in there that are starting to have symptoms? The fact that we cannot do anything for him, it creates a lot of stress,” she said. “Every time he calls I wonder, is this the last time I’ll actually be speaking to my dad?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayden Rodarte, of the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area, is one of the lawyers suing on behalf of Medina-Calderón and the other detainees. Rodarte fears they’ve run out of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our chief concern is that it’s already too late. As the scenario gets worse and worse around the country, individuals will die, and the risk is higher for these individuals,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus has so far not been reported in ICE facilities in California, but people held in other parts of the country are just as frightened as Medina-Calderón. [pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='David, a detainee being held in New Jersey']'I’m afraid I can potentially lose my life. I don’t feel I deserve to die here.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Tuesday night, ICE said \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus\">four people in its custody had tested positive for COVID-19\u003c/a>, all in New Jersey. At one jail, in Essex County, at least two guards and one ICE detainee have the virus, the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost impossible to have social distancing since the beds are separated by one foot and a half,” said David, a detainee being held in New Jersey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David asked not to use his last name for fear of retribution from ICE. He said he came to the U.S. from Guatemala when he was 16. He said his parents are American citizens and so is his son, who is about to turn 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m missing a lot of time being with my son. I’m a responsible father, it's very sad,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal district court judge has ordered sick or elderly detainees released from the Essex County Correctional Facility, where David is held, and other \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/27/politics/ice-release-immigrants-in-detention-coronavirus/index.html\">detention centers in New Jersey\u003c/a>. Courts have issued similar orders in \u003ca href=\"https://www.inquirer.com/news/immigration-detention-coronavirus-pennsylvania-ice-pike-clinton-york-county-20200331.html\">Pennsylvania\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/coronavirus-ice-releases-immigrants-lawmakers-federal-courts/\">Massachusetts\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.publiccounsel.org/tools/assets/files/1329.pdf\">California\u003c/a>, freeing some detainees with medical conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David said his biggest fear is of dying in detention: “I’m afraid I can potentially lose my life. I don’t feel I deserve to die here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported by Emily Kassie of the Marshall Project, a nonprofit newsroom covering the U.S. criminal justice system, in collaboration with KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Wednesday, April 1, 4:00 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As cases of COVID-19 begin to show up in prisons, jails and immigration detention centers across the country, the almost 40,000 people who are being held while awaiting immigration hearings are starting to panic. In California, lawyers have \u003ca href=\"https://www.themarshallproject.org/documents/6823406-Ortu%C3%B1o-et-al-v-ICE-habeas-corpus-petition\">filed suit in federal court\u003c/a> seeking the release of 13 immigrant detainees who have chronic medical conditions and would be at high risk if they contract the novel coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810085\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810085\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/2000x-e1585769177827.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1418\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salomón Medina-Calderón, 56, who is being held at the Yuba County Jail, is one of 13 detainees suing ICE for their release due to the risk of the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Guadalupe Medina)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salomón Medina-Calderón is one of the immigrants named in the lawsuit filed against U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) by the American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California and other legal advocacy groups. Born in Mexico, he’s raised six children over his three decades in the U.S. At 56 years old, Medina-Calderón is nearly blind and has diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do not want to die somewhere like this, in an ICE detention center,” he said in Spanish. “My wish is, for (my) last moments — days or years, I don't know, it depends — to be with my family, to have an end close to my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s being held in the Yuba County Jail, one of two immigration detention facilities in California cited in the lawsuit. The jail is in Marysville, about 40 miles north of Sacramento. It’s a blocky, beige facility holding both county jail inmates and nearly 150 immigrant detainees on Wednesday, according to ICE. There are 50 men in Medina-Calderón’s unit, according to Sgt. Jeff Palmer at the Yuba County Jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In here, it’s a ticking time bomb,” Medina-Calderón said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He described poor conditions in the facility including bad ventilation and a lack of soap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just said, ‘Here, we’re leaving you with soap so that you clean your hands more frequently,’ ” said Medina-Calderón. “But that was two days ago today, and it was just two little bars of soap for 50 people. They were gone in a matter of hours.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE provided a statement saying that soap and paper towels are available in all facilities and that it is following CDC guidelines. At the jail, Palmer said, “We have bars of soap we hand out to them on request.” The sergeant said he could not confirm specific sanitary protection measures in relation to the COVID-19 virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medina-Calderón has been in detention for more than a year while his daughter Guadalupe Medina petitions for his green card. Now Medina, who’s a U.S. citizen and a high school English teacher, is fighting for her father’s immediate release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every day I wake up thinking about him. Was he able to wash his hands? Are there any other inmates in there that are starting to have symptoms? The fact that we cannot do anything for him, it creates a lot of stress,” she said. “Every time he calls I wonder, is this the last time I’ll actually be speaking to my dad?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayden Rodarte, of the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area, is one of the lawyers suing on behalf of Medina-Calderón and the other detainees. Rodarte fears they’ve run out of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our chief concern is that it’s already too late. As the scenario gets worse and worse around the country, individuals will die, and the risk is higher for these individuals,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus has so far not been reported in ICE facilities in California, but people held in other parts of the country are just as frightened as Medina-Calderón. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Tuesday night, ICE said \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus\">four people in its custody had tested positive for COVID-19\u003c/a>, all in New Jersey. At one jail, in Essex County, at least two guards and one ICE detainee have the virus, the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost impossible to have social distancing since the beds are separated by one foot and a half,” said David, a detainee being held in New Jersey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David asked not to use his last name for fear of retribution from ICE. He said he came to the U.S. from Guatemala when he was 16. He said his parents are American citizens and so is his son, who is about to turn 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m missing a lot of time being with my son. I’m a responsible father, it's very sad,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal district court judge has ordered sick or elderly detainees released from the Essex County Correctional Facility, where David is held, and other \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/27/politics/ice-release-immigrants-in-detention-coronavirus/index.html\">detention centers in New Jersey\u003c/a>. Courts have issued similar orders in \u003ca href=\"https://www.inquirer.com/news/immigration-detention-coronavirus-pennsylvania-ice-pike-clinton-york-county-20200331.html\">Pennsylvania\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/coronavirus-ice-releases-immigrants-lawmakers-federal-courts/\">Massachusetts\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.publiccounsel.org/tools/assets/files/1329.pdf\">California\u003c/a>, freeing some detainees with medical conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David said his biggest fear is of dying in detention: “I’m afraid I can potentially lose my life. I don’t feel I deserve to die here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported by Emily Kassie of the Marshall Project, a nonprofit newsroom covering the U.S. criminal justice system, in collaboration with KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Tuesday, March 31, 12:20 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With four children in immigration custody diagnosed with COVID-19, a federal judge in Los Angeles has ordered government officials to swiftly release the nearly 4,000 migrant children in their care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Court Judge Dolly M. Gee issued an \u003ca href=\"https://files.constantcontact.com/baccf499301/cd171d0c-09c7-4050-a8b0-4b640ca093c8.pdf\">order\u003c/a> Saturday evening that the Trump administration should “make every effort to promptly and safely release” migrant children from government custody. Gee said by April 6, federal officials must report to the court on their efforts to release children and reunify families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order came after a request from attorneys who, for more than 20 years, have represented children in immigration custody under a consent decree known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/flores-v-reno-settlement-agreement\">Flores Settlement Agreement\u003c/a>. Gee oversees compliance with the longstanding settlement, which protects the rights and the welfare of detained children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are relieved for thousands of detained children that the court has intervened to keep these children as safe as possible during this COVID-19 health crisis,” said lead plaintiffs’ attorney Peter Schey, with the Center for Human Rights and Constitutional Law in Los Angeles. “Judge Dolly Gee’s order that the government must promptly release all children to available sponsors may save children’s lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling covers both unaccompanied children who are in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement, part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, as well as migrant children who are locked up with a parent in one of three so-called “family residential centers” operated by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the four children with COVID-19, all of them in an ORR shelter in New York, six staff members at three separate ORR facilities in New York also tested positive for COVID-19, as well as one staff member at a Texas facility and one ORR foster parent in Washington state, according to the refugee agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More Coverage\" tag=\"immigration\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ORR is currently locating and notifying anyone that may have been exposed at these care provider facilities,” Lydia Holt, a spokesperson with ORR, said in a statement. “Out of an abundance of caution, ORR has stopped placements of [unaccompanied migrant children] in the states of California, New York, and Washington. ORR is prioritizing local placements for all new referrals from [the U.S. Department of Homeland Security] to limit air travel when possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Gee noted, at least one child in ICE custody is under quarantine and awaiting results of a COVID-19 test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ORR currently has about 3,200 children in 107 shelters and other facilities around the country, a spokesperson said Monday. ICE reported 1,244 parents and children in its family detention facilities as of Monday, but would not say how many are children. In February 2020, ICE had 3,359 children in detention, according to Schey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee noted that even before the coronavirus crisis, both agencies had spotty track records for promptly releasing children to live with family or sponsors while their immigration cases proceed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee cited an analysis from late December that found that almost 12% of children in ORR’s care had been in custody for six months to a year. And she pointed to a report from legal advocates that, as of last week, in the ICE family facility in Dilley, Texas, “at least 22 minors have been detained more than 160 days, 10 have been detained for over 200 days, seven have been detained for more than 220 days, and one has been detained for 229 days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee had ruled previously that children should generally be released from jail-like settings not licensed for child care, including ICE family detention facilities, within 20 days. The Flores settlement requires children to be released “without unnecessary delay” to a parent or guardian, another relative or an approved sponsor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation=\"U.S. District Court Judge Dolly M. Gee\"]‘Because COVID-19 poses unprecedented threats to the safety of [migrant children in custody] and all who come in contact with them … the Court finds that any unexplained delay in releasing a child in ORR and ICE custody violates [the Flores settlement].’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her order Saturday night, Gee wrote: “Because COVID-19 poses unprecedented threats to the safety of [migrant children in custody] and all who come in contact with them … the Court finds that any unexplained delay in releasing a child in ORR and ICE custody violates [the Flores settlement]. …”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge’s order found that “ORR apparently still fails to address recommendations related to social distancing, personal hygiene, or personal protective equipment …” but said the refugee agency was taking steps to comply with guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, she wrote, ICE “appears deficient … .” She added, “Nor does the ICE Guidance recognize the potential psychological harm of quarantining or isolating children for the duration of this pandemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee ordered officials at both ORR and ICE to submit to facility inspections, including videotaping of living conditions, and to report by April 9 on how full their facilities are, and whether they’re complying with public health guidance from the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Tuesday, March 31, 12:20 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With four children in immigration custody diagnosed with COVID-19, a federal judge in Los Angeles has ordered government officials to swiftly release the nearly 4,000 migrant children in their care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Court Judge Dolly M. Gee issued an \u003ca href=\"https://files.constantcontact.com/baccf499301/cd171d0c-09c7-4050-a8b0-4b640ca093c8.pdf\">order\u003c/a> Saturday evening that the Trump administration should “make every effort to promptly and safely release” migrant children from government custody. Gee said by April 6, federal officials must report to the court on their efforts to release children and reunify families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order came after a request from attorneys who, for more than 20 years, have represented children in immigration custody under a consent decree known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/flores-v-reno-settlement-agreement\">Flores Settlement Agreement\u003c/a>. Gee oversees compliance with the longstanding settlement, which protects the rights and the welfare of detained children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are relieved for thousands of detained children that the court has intervened to keep these children as safe as possible during this COVID-19 health crisis,” said lead plaintiffs’ attorney Peter Schey, with the Center for Human Rights and Constitutional Law in Los Angeles. “Judge Dolly Gee’s order that the government must promptly release all children to available sponsors may save children’s lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling covers both unaccompanied children who are in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement, part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, as well as migrant children who are locked up with a parent in one of three so-called “family residential centers” operated by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the four children with COVID-19, all of them in an ORR shelter in New York, six staff members at three separate ORR facilities in New York also tested positive for COVID-19, as well as one staff member at a Texas facility and one ORR foster parent in Washington state, according to the refugee agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ORR is currently locating and notifying anyone that may have been exposed at these care provider facilities,” Lydia Holt, a spokesperson with ORR, said in a statement. “Out of an abundance of caution, ORR has stopped placements of [unaccompanied migrant children] in the states of California, New York, and Washington. ORR is prioritizing local placements for all new referrals from [the U.S. Department of Homeland Security] to limit air travel when possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Gee noted, at least one child in ICE custody is under quarantine and awaiting results of a COVID-19 test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ORR currently has about 3,200 children in 107 shelters and other facilities around the country, a spokesperson said Monday. ICE reported 1,244 parents and children in its family detention facilities as of Monday, but would not say how many are children. In February 2020, ICE had 3,359 children in detention, according to Schey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee noted that even before the coronavirus crisis, both agencies had spotty track records for promptly releasing children to live with family or sponsors while their immigration cases proceed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee cited an analysis from late December that found that almost 12% of children in ORR’s care had been in custody for six months to a year. And she pointed to a report from legal advocates that, as of last week, in the ICE family facility in Dilley, Texas, “at least 22 minors have been detained more than 160 days, 10 have been detained for over 200 days, seven have been detained for more than 220 days, and one has been detained for 229 days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee had ruled previously that children should generally be released from jail-like settings not licensed for child care, including ICE family detention facilities, within 20 days. The Flores settlement requires children to be released “without unnecessary delay” to a parent or guardian, another relative or an approved sponsor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Because COVID-19 poses unprecedented threats to the safety of [migrant children in custody] and all who come in contact with them … the Court finds that any unexplained delay in releasing a child in ORR and ICE custody violates [the Flores settlement].’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her order Saturday night, Gee wrote: “Because COVID-19 poses unprecedented threats to the safety of [migrant children in custody] and all who come in contact with them … the Court finds that any unexplained delay in releasing a child in ORR and ICE custody violates [the Flores settlement]. …”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge’s order found that “ORR apparently still fails to address recommendations related to social distancing, personal hygiene, or personal protective equipment …” but said the refugee agency was taking steps to comply with guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, she wrote, ICE “appears deficient … .” She added, “Nor does the ICE Guidance recognize the potential psychological harm of quarantining or isolating children for the duration of this pandemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee ordered officials at both ORR and ICE to submit to facility inspections, including videotaping of living conditions, and to report by April 9 on how full their facilities are, and whether they’re complying with public health guidance from the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While most people and businesses are practicing social distancing, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.desertsun.com/story/news/health/2020/03/27/coronavirus-calls-ice-protect-immigrant-detainees-grow-louder/2914194001/\">continues to house immigrants in crowded detention centers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin wants Gov. Gavin Newsom to \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreicecoronavirus\">shut down federal immigration detention facilities\u003c/a> in California over concerns that coronavirus will spread rapidly among the detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember, the vast majority of these detainees have no criminal convictions and would have been released while awaiting their court date were it not for the Trump administration’s hard-line immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Trump’s zero tolerance policies that led to children being ripped from the arms of their parents may also lead to deaths of non-violent immigrant detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>An undocumented man was detained by federal immigration authorities this week in front of the San Francisco Hall of Justice, where the criminal courts are located. The arrest was strongly condemned by the city’s public defender and district attorney, who say courthouses should be off limits to immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco resident was on his way to a court hearing at 850 Bryant St. when he was arrested by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents — the first such arrest in the city, said the Public Defender’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This undermines community trust and public safety,” said San Francisco Public Defender Mano Raju. “It does deter people from coming to court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, ICE agents also \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/ICE-arrests-3-at-Sonoma-County-courthouse-local-15067595.php\">detained two men\u003c/a> at the Sonoma County Superior Court. [aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The courthouse arrests come as the Trump administration has renewed efforts to counter sanctuary jurisdictions, arguing they interfere with federal immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, President Trump said the federal government will begin \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/486078-trump-government-will-start-withholding-funds-from-sanctuary-cities\">withholding grants\u003c/a> from sanctuary cities and states, after an appeals court in Manhattan ruled they have the authority to do so. U.S. Attorney General William Barr \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/attorney-general-william-p-barr-delivers-remarks-national-sheriffs-association-winter\">said\u003c/a> last month that public areas of courthouses must be accessible to federal law enforcement officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A California law that took effect this year, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB668\">Assembly Bill 668\u003c/a>, which prohibits civil arrests in courthouses without a judicial warrant, which the agents did not have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California law explicitly forbids a civil enforcement agency like ICE from making a civil arrest without warrant outside of a courthouse,” Raju said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Trump administration argues that immigration agents have the authority to make courthouse arrests without judicial warrants. While ICE generally avoids immigration enforcement at “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/ero/enforcement/sensitive-loc\">sensitive locations\u003c/a>” such as schools, churches and hospitals, it does not treat courthouses that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The undocumented Mexican national who was detained in San Francisco on Tuesday had three felony convictions for second-degree burglary from 2016, 2017 and 2019, according to ICE. The agency identified him as 43-year-old Alberto Uc Ponce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency said it arrested him near the courthouse because local law enforcement had refused to turn him over to ICE several times. The agency said local jurisdictions that don’t cooperate with ICE are likely to see an increase of arrests in the community, as agents are less able to detain immigrants at jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Jennings, field office director for ICE in San Francisco, blamed sanctuary policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Criminals like this individual are released to reoffend again and again,” said Jennings in a statement. “A simple phone call to ICE to arrange the secure transfer of such individuals would serve the hard-working residents of the city far more than a misguided sanctuary policy that, as proven here and numerous times in the past, goes to great lengths to protect criminals under the guise of protecting the citizenry.” [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s sanctuary law, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\">Senate Bill 54\u003c/a>, prohibits local police, sheriffs and jail officials from handing over immigrants to ICE, unless they have been convicted of serious felonies or other crimes, including burglary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man’s attorney at the Public Defender’s Office, Emilou MacLean, declined to comment on her client’s criminal history, or whether he was protected by SB 54.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a question of the illegitimacy and the illegality of courthouse arrests — where ICE is essentially stationing itself at the courthouse and ambushing someone who shows up for a court hearing,” said MacLean in an email. [pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Attorney Emilou MacLean']'This is a question of the illegitimacy and the illegality of courthouse arrests — where ICE is essentially stationing itself at the courthouse and ambushing someone who shows up for a court hearing'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin also called for ICE to stop making arrests at courthouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE actions in or near our courthouses deters people from accessing our justice system, making us all less safe,” Boudin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jennings, the ICE field office director, said federal immigration agents are not bound by California's law against courthouse arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California Assembly Bill 668 cannot and will not govern the conduct of federal officers acting pursuant to duly-enacted laws passed by Congress that provide the authority to make administrative arrests of removable aliens inside the United States,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblywoman Lorena Gonzalez, D-San Diego, who authored AB 668, said President Trump’s “aggressive immigration policies are making all of our communities less safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people don’t feel safe showing up to court to act as a witness, pay a fine or file papers — the system is broken,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The courthouse arrests come as the Trump administration has renewed efforts to counter sanctuary jurisdictions, arguing they interfere with federal immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, President Trump said the federal government will begin \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/486078-trump-government-will-start-withholding-funds-from-sanctuary-cities\">withholding grants\u003c/a> from sanctuary cities and states, after an appeals court in Manhattan ruled they have the authority to do so. U.S. Attorney General William Barr \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/attorney-general-william-p-barr-delivers-remarks-national-sheriffs-association-winter\">said\u003c/a> last month that public areas of courthouses must be accessible to federal law enforcement officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A California law that took effect this year, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB668\">Assembly Bill 668\u003c/a>, which prohibits civil arrests in courthouses without a judicial warrant, which the agents did not have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California law explicitly forbids a civil enforcement agency like ICE from making a civil arrest without warrant outside of a courthouse,” Raju said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Trump administration argues that immigration agents have the authority to make courthouse arrests without judicial warrants. While ICE generally avoids immigration enforcement at “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/ero/enforcement/sensitive-loc\">sensitive locations\u003c/a>” such as schools, churches and hospitals, it does not treat courthouses that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The undocumented Mexican national who was detained in San Francisco on Tuesday had three felony convictions for second-degree burglary from 2016, 2017 and 2019, according to ICE. The agency identified him as 43-year-old Alberto Uc Ponce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency said it arrested him near the courthouse because local law enforcement had refused to turn him over to ICE several times. The agency said local jurisdictions that don’t cooperate with ICE are likely to see an increase of arrests in the community, as agents are less able to detain immigrants at jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Jennings, field office director for ICE in San Francisco, blamed sanctuary policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Criminals like this individual are released to reoffend again and again,” said Jennings in a statement. “A simple phone call to ICE to arrange the secure transfer of such individuals would serve the hard-working residents of the city far more than a misguided sanctuary policy that, as proven here and numerous times in the past, goes to great lengths to protect criminals under the guise of protecting the citizenry.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s sanctuary law, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\">Senate Bill 54\u003c/a>, prohibits local police, sheriffs and jail officials from handing over immigrants to ICE, unless they have been convicted of serious felonies or other crimes, including burglary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man’s attorney at the Public Defender’s Office, Emilou MacLean, declined to comment on her client’s criminal history, or whether he was protected by SB 54.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a question of the illegitimacy and the illegality of courthouse arrests — where ICE is essentially stationing itself at the courthouse and ambushing someone who shows up for a court hearing,” said MacLean in an email. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'This is a question of the illegitimacy and the illegality of courthouse arrests — where ICE is essentially stationing itself at the courthouse and ambushing someone who shows up for a court hearing'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin also called for ICE to stop making arrests at courthouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE actions in or near our courthouses deters people from accessing our justice system, making us all less safe,” Boudin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jennings, the ICE field office director, said federal immigration agents are not bound by California's law against courthouse arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California Assembly Bill 668 cannot and will not govern the conduct of federal officers acting pursuant to duly-enacted laws passed by Congress that provide the authority to make administrative arrests of removable aliens inside the United States,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblywoman Lorena Gonzalez, D-San Diego, who authored AB 668, said President Trump’s “aggressive immigration policies are making all of our communities less safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people don’t feel safe showing up to court to act as a witness, pay a fine or file papers — the system is broken,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "trumps-changes-to-immigration-could-take-years-to-undo-experts-say",
"title": "Trump's Changes to Immigration Could Take Years to Undo — Even With a New President",
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"headTitle": "Trump’s Changes to Immigration Could Take Years to Undo — Even With a New President | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>As the 2020 presidential contest ramps up, President Trump is doubling down on restricting immigration to the U.S. — a key campaign pledge he made during his first run for the White House and one that he is hoping will earn him a second term. For many voters, immigration could be a defining issue in November — whether they support or oppose his policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his first week in office in January 2017, Trump issued a series of directives to dramatically increase border enforcement, expand detention and deportation of immigrants and halt refugee resettlement. The president often speaks of immigrants as “dangerous” and a threat to Americans, using words like “criminals” and calling a migrant caravan an “invasion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, three years on, the transformation of federal immigration policy has been far-reaching, touching legal immigrants and asylum-seekers as well as immigrants in the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s antagonists, including California political leaders, have filed \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2019/11/05/all-the-presidents-immigration-lawsuits/#68e55c6a7d8e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scores of lawsuits\u003c/a> blocking many of the administration’s immigration moves — at least temporarily. But judges have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759981451/supreme-court-allows-government-to-curtail-asylum-requests-during-legal-fight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed\u003c/a> other policies to take effect, even as legal challenges work their way through federal courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801948\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11801948 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement provided this handout of an ICE enforcement operation it said was targeting immigration fugitives and re-entrants, among others, on Feb. 9, 2017, in Atlanta, Georgia. (Photo by Bryan Cox/U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump’s harsh rhetoric and restrictive policies present a stark contrast with the Democratic field of presidential candidates. But analysts say the scope of the changes made by the Trump administration is so broad that the effects are likely to endure for years, even if the president is not reelected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration’s enforcement push comes at a time when illegal immigration at the U.S.-Mexico border is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2020-Jan/U.S.%20Border%20Patrol%20Total%20Apprehensions%20%28FY%201925%20-%20FY%202019%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">far lower\u003c/a> than it was 20 years ago. And most undocumented immigrants have lived in the U.S. for a decade or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, just 577,000 immigrants were granted lawful permanent residence last year, far fewer than any time in the past two decades, when the U.S. issued roughly 1 million \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics/yearbook/2018/table1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">green cards\u003c/a> annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘One of the Major Eras of Xenophobia?’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some immigration scholars say this presidency is more hostile to immigrants than any in modern history, while advocates who favor tougher immigration policies applaud Trump’s approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis School of Law Dean Kevin R. Johnson contrasted the current era with the 1950s, when more than 1 million Mexicans were rounded up in a mass deportation campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even when he put in place Operation Wetback, President Eisenhower didn’t talk about immigrants the way this president does,” Johnson said. “The talk about race, and the fear created in immigrant communities, are what differentiates this president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Jessica Vaughan, the Center for Immigration Studies']‘Almost every part of our immigration system has been touched.’[/pullquote]“In a historical sense, it represents one of the major eras of xenophobia,” said University of San Francisco law professor Bill Ong Hing, comparing this period to the 1920s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Vaughan, director of policy studies at the Center for Immigration Studies, said that while Trump’s language is “coarse,” she gives him high marks for clamping down “to de-incentivize people streaming up to the border, thinking they’d be released into the interior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Almost every part of our immigration system has been touched,” added Vaughn, whose center favors reducing immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/1660/immigration.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/11/12/americans-immigration-policy-priorities-divisions-between-and-within-the-two-parties/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opinion\u003c/a> polls show that most Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/11/12/americans-immigration-policy-priorities-divisions-between-and-within-the-two-parties/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">support\u003c/a> border security as well as a path to citizenship for undocumented immigrants, and they favor taking in refugees of war and violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11757637\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11757637\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/ap_19126782050207_wide-926c85f779a71eddf5da6a166e583dd036c4cd76-800x450.jpg\" alt='Cuban migrants cross a bridge in Mexico to be processed as asylum-seekers in the U.S. The labor union representing asylum officers claims the policy formally known as the Migrant Protection Protocols is a \"widespread violation\" of international and domestic la' width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cuban migrants cross a bridge in Mexico to be processed as asylum-seekers in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Christian Torres/AP )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Little Tweaks, Huge Policy Implications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So far, immigration changes under Trump have not been enshrined in new laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, he has used his executive authority, like other presidents before him, to accomplish his goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11801856 label='the lasting impact of trump' hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_immigration_girl-qut-1020x642.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Little tweaks have huge policy implications,” said Sarah Pierce, an immigration policy analyst at the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C. “So any future administration that’s more friendly to immigration is going to require decades to reverse this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at what those changes add up to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Trying to build a border wall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump’s pledge to build a wall on the Mexican border galvanized enthusiasm among his supporters, but it has proven difficult — and costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress approved much less money than Trump requested — $1.3 billion in the 2020 spending bill, rather than $8.6 billion. Despite legal challenges, conservative court majorities have recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/09/794969121/appeals-court-allows-trump-to-divert-3-6-billion-in-military-funds-for-border-wa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed construction\u003c/a> to move ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of January, the government had built one mile of new barrier and 100 miles of replacement or secondary fencing — at a cost of almost $20 million per mile, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/797410228/at-11-billion-and-counting-trumps-border-wall-would-be-the-worlds-most-expensive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Restricting access to asylum\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration may not have gotten far with a physical wall, but it has succeeded in erecting a virtual wall of regulations, blocking tens of thousands of migrants from being considered for asylum at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example: Over the past year, border officials sent about 60,000 non-Mexicans back to Mexico to wait while their asylum cases are decided in U.S. immigration courts. It’s next to impossible for migrants in the so-called Remain in Mexico program to find U.S. immigration lawyers, and fewer than 200 have won their cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last year, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/07/16/2019-15246/asylum-eligibility-and-procedural-modifications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new rule\u003c/a> shut out all asylum-seekers who crossed a “third country” en route to the U.S. but didn’t ask for protection there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal courts have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759981451/supreme-court-allows-government-to-curtail-asylum-requests-during-legal-fight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed both policies\u003c/a> to take effect while lower courts hear legal challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Separating families and zero tolerance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing migrant children from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border was one of the Trump administration’s most controversial steps — and prompted a broad, bipartisan backlash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The separations began after then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced a “zero tolerance” policy aimed at criminally prosecuting all adults — including parents — who cross the border illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, a federal judge in San Diego halted the separations and ordered the reunification of families. More than 18 months later, perhaps as many as 2,000 of the more than 5,500 separated children still have not been reunited with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798878\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798878\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People demonstrate in Washington, DC, on June 28, 2018, demanding an end to the separation of migrant children from their parents. (Photo credit should read NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Pushing to end DACA \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2012, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals has granted temporary protection from deportation — and permission to work — to \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-studies/immigration-forms-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 800,000\u003c/a> young undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the Trump administration moved to end DACA, calling it an \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/attorney-general-sessions-delivers-remarks-daca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">overreach\u003c/a> of President Barack Obama’s executive power. The University of California and others sued, and federal judges have kept the program in place while the case is appealed. The U.S. Supreme Court is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785839/u-s-supreme-court-takes-on-daca-and-the-fate-of-nearly-200000-california-dreamers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expected\u003c/a> to rule this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently about 650,000 DACA recipients and nearly 200,000 of them live in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Broadening immigration enforcement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united-states/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a> in his first days in office, Trump wiped away Obama’s deportation priorities, which had focused on violent criminals and recent border crossers. Instead, Trump made just about any “removable alien” a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the share of immigrants arrested by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement who had no criminal record grew — from 14% in 2016 to 36% last year, according to Pierce of the Migration Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Restricting legal immigration \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the administration may expand the so-called “public charge” rule, even as that’s being challenged in court. The rule is a sweeping effort to restrict lower-income immigrants from becoming permanent U.S. residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government has long denied green cards to people who used substantial cash assistance from the government. Now the rule applies to immigrants who have used, or might use, many more non-cash benefits, including food stamps and MediCal — even for short periods. San Francisco and Santa Clara counties filed the first challenge to the rule, saying it could hurt the U.S. citizen children of immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Refugee and humanitarian restrictions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/us-annual-refugee-resettlement-ceilings-and-number-refugees-admitted-united\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slashed\u003c/a> the number of refugees the U.S. will admit annually — from 85,000 when he was elected, to a historic low of 18,000 for 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Sarah Pierce, Migration Policy Institute']‘Little tweaks have huge policy implications. So any future administration that’s more friendly to immigration is going to require decades to reverse this.’[/pullquote]The administration has also tried to terminate Temporary Protected Status for citizens of six countries allowed to stay in the U.S. following war or natural disaster. Roughly \u003ca href=\"https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20190329_RS20844_40bba737bf5e4440ac7bebb19757db87fe994fa4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">400,000 TPS holders\u003c/a> could face deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11783511/trump-administration-extends-protections-for-many-salvadorans-living-in-u-s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temporarily blocked\u003c/a> the administration from ending TPS for people from El Salvador, Haiti, Nicaragua, Sudan, Honduras and Nepal. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals is deciding whether to allow that injunction to stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Aiming to expand detention of children\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children in immigration custody are protected by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/flores-v-reno-settlement-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Flores settlement agreement\u003c/a>. It says children should be released to an adult sponsor — but if they remain in custody, it must be in a licensed child care facility, not a jail-like setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, a federal judge in Los Angeles ruled that kids must be released promptly from ICE family detention centers, generally within 20 days. Last year, the Trump administration published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11769437/whats-in-new-trump-immigration-rule-overriding-flores-agreement-3-key-changes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal rules aimed\u003c/a> at replacing Flores and permitting long-term family detention, which the L.A. judge blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, six migrant children \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/six-children-died-in-border-patrol-care-democrats-in-congress-want-to-know-why\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">died\u003c/a> of illness in federal custody between September 2018 and May 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Tightening pressure on immigration courts\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department, which oversees immigration courts, has tried to speed up deportations by setting a quota requiring judges to complete 700 cases a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then-Attorney General Sessions also stripped authority from immigration judges, barring them from dismissing or suspending low-priority cases. Sessions also ordered judges to reopen more than 300,000 cases that had been administratively closed. That’s on top of a historic backlog of more than 1 million cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration judges say their limited discretion and the pressure to close cases faster is creating an “\u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/changing-america/well-being/mental-health/480165-immigration-judges-are-retiring-and-quitting-early\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unbearable\u003c/a>” work environment and threatening due process for immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796924\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11796924\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A woman waits to hear her place on a list of people waiting in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 18, 2018, to seek asylum in the U.S.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman waits to hear her place on a list of people waiting in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 18, 2018, to seek asylum in the U.S. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Implications\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How lasting President Trump’s immigration restrictions prove will largely depend on the 2020 election, and who wins not just the presidency but also control of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his State of the Union speech in early February, Trump emphasized his push to build a border wall, his opposition to sanctuary cities and his agreements that turn back asylum-seekers at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a strategy that Jessica Vaughan, with the conservative Center for Immigration Studies, believes will be popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are insistent that the laws be enforced. That’s a strength for him going into this election and he knows it,” she said. “We’re going to see him keep doing things he thinks are going to play well with voters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11797878,news_11796825,news_11785839]But others believe Trump’s tough-on-immigrants approach could backfire this year, even though it worked for him in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt Barreto, a professor of political science at UCLA and co-founder of the Latino Decisions polling firm, said \u003ca href=\"http://publications.unidosus.org/bitstream/handle/123456789/1996/TheStateoftheLatinoVote.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">polls show Latino\u003c/a> and immigrant voters are angry over the president’s racially polarizing language, family separations and the deaths of migrant children in federal custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one’s in favor of putting kids in cages and giving them space blankets,” Barreto said. “It’s a hard thing to sell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robust Latino turnout in 2018 helped flip at least a dozen congressional seats from Republican to Democrat, according to Barreto’s research, and it could play a big role in this year’s general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think on Super Tuesday we’ll get a really big clue,” he said. “We’ll have [primaries in] Texas and California both. If the turnout is really robust we’ll see that people are amped up and ready to participate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is reelected, Vaughan and others expect him to put forward a major immigration bill crafted by presidential adviser and son-in-law Jared Kushner. The proposal codifies many restrictive enforcement measures and favors high-skilled immigrants over family-based immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For advocates and politicians, immigration is intensely polarizing, said Theresa Cardinal Brown, director of immigration policy at the centrist Bipartisan Policy Center in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Immigration is now ranking up amongst those insoluble, intractable issues like abortion and gun control,” she said. “There’s no middle ground that people will admit to … And that’s highly problematic for an issue like immigration that has to be legislated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she believes that public opinion is more nuanced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People believe in a middle ground,” she said. “They say, ‘Sure we can secure our borders, but we can also have compassion for immigrants. Sure we can tighten our legal immigration system, but that doesn’t mean we have to break up families.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The transformation of federal immigration policy has been far-reaching — so broad that the effects are likely to endure for years, even if the president is not reelected, experts say.",
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"title": "Trump's Changes to Immigration Could Take Years to Undo — Even With a New President | KQED",
"description": "The transformation of federal immigration policy has been far-reaching — so broad that the effects are likely to endure for years, even if the president is not reelected, experts say.",
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"headline": "Trump's Changes to Immigration Could Take Years to Undo — Even With a New President",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the 2020 presidential contest ramps up, President Trump is doubling down on restricting immigration to the U.S. — a key campaign pledge he made during his first run for the White House and one that he is hoping will earn him a second term. For many voters, immigration could be a defining issue in November — whether they support or oppose his policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his first week in office in January 2017, Trump issued a series of directives to dramatically increase border enforcement, expand detention and deportation of immigrants and halt refugee resettlement. The president often speaks of immigrants as “dangerous” and a threat to Americans, using words like “criminals” and calling a migrant caravan an “invasion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, three years on, the transformation of federal immigration policy has been far-reaching, touching legal immigrants and asylum-seekers as well as immigrants in the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s antagonists, including California political leaders, have filed \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2019/11/05/all-the-presidents-immigration-lawsuits/#68e55c6a7d8e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scores of lawsuits\u003c/a> blocking many of the administration’s immigration moves — at least temporarily. But judges have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759981451/supreme-court-allows-government-to-curtail-asylum-requests-during-legal-fight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed\u003c/a> other policies to take effect, even as legal challenges work their way through federal courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801948\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11801948 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement provided this handout of an ICE enforcement operation it said was targeting immigration fugitives and re-entrants, among others, on Feb. 9, 2017, in Atlanta, Georgia. (Photo by Bryan Cox/U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump’s harsh rhetoric and restrictive policies present a stark contrast with the Democratic field of presidential candidates. But analysts say the scope of the changes made by the Trump administration is so broad that the effects are likely to endure for years, even if the president is not reelected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration’s enforcement push comes at a time when illegal immigration at the U.S.-Mexico border is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2020-Jan/U.S.%20Border%20Patrol%20Total%20Apprehensions%20%28FY%201925%20-%20FY%202019%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">far lower\u003c/a> than it was 20 years ago. And most undocumented immigrants have lived in the U.S. for a decade or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, just 577,000 immigrants were granted lawful permanent residence last year, far fewer than any time in the past two decades, when the U.S. issued roughly 1 million \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics/yearbook/2018/table1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">green cards\u003c/a> annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘One of the Major Eras of Xenophobia?’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some immigration scholars say this presidency is more hostile to immigrants than any in modern history, while advocates who favor tougher immigration policies applaud Trump’s approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis School of Law Dean Kevin R. Johnson contrasted the current era with the 1950s, when more than 1 million Mexicans were rounded up in a mass deportation campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even when he put in place Operation Wetback, President Eisenhower didn’t talk about immigrants the way this president does,” Johnson said. “The talk about race, and the fear created in immigrant communities, are what differentiates this president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Almost every part of our immigration system has been touched.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“In a historical sense, it represents one of the major eras of xenophobia,” said University of San Francisco law professor Bill Ong Hing, comparing this period to the 1920s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Vaughan, director of policy studies at the Center for Immigration Studies, said that while Trump’s language is “coarse,” she gives him high marks for clamping down “to de-incentivize people streaming up to the border, thinking they’d be released into the interior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Almost every part of our immigration system has been touched,” added Vaughn, whose center favors reducing immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/1660/immigration.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/11/12/americans-immigration-policy-priorities-divisions-between-and-within-the-two-parties/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opinion\u003c/a> polls show that most Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/11/12/americans-immigration-policy-priorities-divisions-between-and-within-the-two-parties/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">support\u003c/a> border security as well as a path to citizenship for undocumented immigrants, and they favor taking in refugees of war and violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11757637\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11757637\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/ap_19126782050207_wide-926c85f779a71eddf5da6a166e583dd036c4cd76-800x450.jpg\" alt='Cuban migrants cross a bridge in Mexico to be processed as asylum-seekers in the U.S. The labor union representing asylum officers claims the policy formally known as the Migrant Protection Protocols is a \"widespread violation\" of international and domestic la' width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cuban migrants cross a bridge in Mexico to be processed as asylum-seekers in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Christian Torres/AP )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Little Tweaks, Huge Policy Implications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So far, immigration changes under Trump have not been enshrined in new laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, he has used his executive authority, like other presidents before him, to accomplish his goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Little tweaks have huge policy implications,” said Sarah Pierce, an immigration policy analyst at the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C. “So any future administration that’s more friendly to immigration is going to require decades to reverse this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at what those changes add up to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Trying to build a border wall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump’s pledge to build a wall on the Mexican border galvanized enthusiasm among his supporters, but it has proven difficult — and costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress approved much less money than Trump requested — $1.3 billion in the 2020 spending bill, rather than $8.6 billion. Despite legal challenges, conservative court majorities have recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/09/794969121/appeals-court-allows-trump-to-divert-3-6-billion-in-military-funds-for-border-wa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed construction\u003c/a> to move ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of January, the government had built one mile of new barrier and 100 miles of replacement or secondary fencing — at a cost of almost $20 million per mile, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/797410228/at-11-billion-and-counting-trumps-border-wall-would-be-the-worlds-most-expensive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Restricting access to asylum\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration may not have gotten far with a physical wall, but it has succeeded in erecting a virtual wall of regulations, blocking tens of thousands of migrants from being considered for asylum at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example: Over the past year, border officials sent about 60,000 non-Mexicans back to Mexico to wait while their asylum cases are decided in U.S. immigration courts. It’s next to impossible for migrants in the so-called Remain in Mexico program to find U.S. immigration lawyers, and fewer than 200 have won their cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last year, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/07/16/2019-15246/asylum-eligibility-and-procedural-modifications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new rule\u003c/a> shut out all asylum-seekers who crossed a “third country” en route to the U.S. but didn’t ask for protection there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal courts have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759981451/supreme-court-allows-government-to-curtail-asylum-requests-during-legal-fight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed both policies\u003c/a> to take effect while lower courts hear legal challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Separating families and zero tolerance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing migrant children from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border was one of the Trump administration’s most controversial steps — and prompted a broad, bipartisan backlash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The separations began after then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced a “zero tolerance” policy aimed at criminally prosecuting all adults — including parents — who cross the border illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, a federal judge in San Diego halted the separations and ordered the reunification of families. More than 18 months later, perhaps as many as 2,000 of the more than 5,500 separated children still have not been reunited with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798878\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798878\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People demonstrate in Washington, DC, on June 28, 2018, demanding an end to the separation of migrant children from their parents. (Photo credit should read NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Pushing to end DACA \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2012, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals has granted temporary protection from deportation — and permission to work — to \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-studies/immigration-forms-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 800,000\u003c/a> young undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the Trump administration moved to end DACA, calling it an \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/attorney-general-sessions-delivers-remarks-daca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">overreach\u003c/a> of President Barack Obama’s executive power. The University of California and others sued, and federal judges have kept the program in place while the case is appealed. The U.S. Supreme Court is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785839/u-s-supreme-court-takes-on-daca-and-the-fate-of-nearly-200000-california-dreamers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expected\u003c/a> to rule this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently about 650,000 DACA recipients and nearly 200,000 of them live in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Broadening immigration enforcement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united-states/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a> in his first days in office, Trump wiped away Obama’s deportation priorities, which had focused on violent criminals and recent border crossers. Instead, Trump made just about any “removable alien” a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the share of immigrants arrested by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement who had no criminal record grew — from 14% in 2016 to 36% last year, according to Pierce of the Migration Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Restricting legal immigration \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the administration may expand the so-called “public charge” rule, even as that’s being challenged in court. The rule is a sweeping effort to restrict lower-income immigrants from becoming permanent U.S. residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government has long denied green cards to people who used substantial cash assistance from the government. Now the rule applies to immigrants who have used, or might use, many more non-cash benefits, including food stamps and MediCal — even for short periods. San Francisco and Santa Clara counties filed the first challenge to the rule, saying it could hurt the U.S. citizen children of immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Refugee and humanitarian restrictions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/us-annual-refugee-resettlement-ceilings-and-number-refugees-admitted-united\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slashed\u003c/a> the number of refugees the U.S. will admit annually — from 85,000 when he was elected, to a historic low of 18,000 for 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Little tweaks have huge policy implications. So any future administration that’s more friendly to immigration is going to require decades to reverse this.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The administration has also tried to terminate Temporary Protected Status for citizens of six countries allowed to stay in the U.S. following war or natural disaster. Roughly \u003ca href=\"https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20190329_RS20844_40bba737bf5e4440ac7bebb19757db87fe994fa4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">400,000 TPS holders\u003c/a> could face deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11783511/trump-administration-extends-protections-for-many-salvadorans-living-in-u-s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temporarily blocked\u003c/a> the administration from ending TPS for people from El Salvador, Haiti, Nicaragua, Sudan, Honduras and Nepal. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals is deciding whether to allow that injunction to stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Aiming to expand detention of children\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children in immigration custody are protected by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/flores-v-reno-settlement-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Flores settlement agreement\u003c/a>. It says children should be released to an adult sponsor — but if they remain in custody, it must be in a licensed child care facility, not a jail-like setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, a federal judge in Los Angeles ruled that kids must be released promptly from ICE family detention centers, generally within 20 days. Last year, the Trump administration published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11769437/whats-in-new-trump-immigration-rule-overriding-flores-agreement-3-key-changes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal rules aimed\u003c/a> at replacing Flores and permitting long-term family detention, which the L.A. judge blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, six migrant children \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/six-children-died-in-border-patrol-care-democrats-in-congress-want-to-know-why\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">died\u003c/a> of illness in federal custody between September 2018 and May 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Tightening pressure on immigration courts\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department, which oversees immigration courts, has tried to speed up deportations by setting a quota requiring judges to complete 700 cases a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then-Attorney General Sessions also stripped authority from immigration judges, barring them from dismissing or suspending low-priority cases. Sessions also ordered judges to reopen more than 300,000 cases that had been administratively closed. That’s on top of a historic backlog of more than 1 million cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration judges say their limited discretion and the pressure to close cases faster is creating an “\u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/changing-america/well-being/mental-health/480165-immigration-judges-are-retiring-and-quitting-early\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unbearable\u003c/a>” work environment and threatening due process for immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796924\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11796924\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A woman waits to hear her place on a list of people waiting in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 18, 2018, to seek asylum in the U.S.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman waits to hear her place on a list of people waiting in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 18, 2018, to seek asylum in the U.S. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Implications\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How lasting President Trump’s immigration restrictions prove will largely depend on the 2020 election, and who wins not just the presidency but also control of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his State of the Union speech in early February, Trump emphasized his push to build a border wall, his opposition to sanctuary cities and his agreements that turn back asylum-seekers at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a strategy that Jessica Vaughan, with the conservative Center for Immigration Studies, believes will be popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are insistent that the laws be enforced. That’s a strength for him going into this election and he knows it,” she said. “We’re going to see him keep doing things he thinks are going to play well with voters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But others believe Trump’s tough-on-immigrants approach could backfire this year, even though it worked for him in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt Barreto, a professor of political science at UCLA and co-founder of the Latino Decisions polling firm, said \u003ca href=\"http://publications.unidosus.org/bitstream/handle/123456789/1996/TheStateoftheLatinoVote.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">polls show Latino\u003c/a> and immigrant voters are angry over the president’s racially polarizing language, family separations and the deaths of migrant children in federal custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one’s in favor of putting kids in cages and giving them space blankets,” Barreto said. “It’s a hard thing to sell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robust Latino turnout in 2018 helped flip at least a dozen congressional seats from Republican to Democrat, according to Barreto’s research, and it could play a big role in this year’s general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think on Super Tuesday we’ll get a really big clue,” he said. “We’ll have [primaries in] Texas and California both. If the turnout is really robust we’ll see that people are amped up and ready to participate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is reelected, Vaughan and others expect him to put forward a major immigration bill crafted by presidential adviser and son-in-law Jared Kushner. The proposal codifies many restrictive enforcement measures and favors high-skilled immigrants over family-based immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For advocates and politicians, immigration is intensely polarizing, said Theresa Cardinal Brown, director of immigration policy at the centrist Bipartisan Policy Center in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Immigration is now ranking up amongst those insoluble, intractable issues like abortion and gun control,” she said. “There’s no middle ground that people will admit to … And that’s highly problematic for an issue like immigration that has to be legislated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she believes that public opinion is more nuanced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People believe in a middle ground,” she said. “They say, ‘Sure we can secure our borders, but we can also have compassion for immigrants. Sure we can tighten our legal immigration system, but that doesn’t mean we have to break up families.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration is planning to send border patrol agents to large sanctuary cities across the United States, like San Francisco, to assist with immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some immigration experts think this move is just a scare tactic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the Department of Homeland Security confirmed that border patrol agents would be deployed to assist Immigration and Customs Enforcement, saying \"ICE does not have sufficient resources to effectively manage the sustained increase in non-detained cases which is exacerbated by the rise of sanctuary jurisdictions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But University of San Francisco law professor Bill Ong Hing disagrees with the idea that there aren't enough federal immigration officials to adequately enforce the area. [aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is likely true that there are fewer, per-capita, arrests in places like San Francisco and Santa Clara County than there are, per-capita, in other cities that are non-sanctuary cities,\" Hing said. \"But it's not because of lack of personnel. It's because the local police are not calling ICE up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are questioning the logic behind the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Reallocating CBP [Customs and Border Protection] agents for interior enforcement seems to suggest that the claimed crisis at the border cannot be the existential threat the administration has claimed it to be,\" said Pratheepan Gulasekaram, a law professor at Santa Clara University. \"Apparently elite CBP units can be spared for other activities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/oceia/sanctuary-city-ordinance-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sanctuary ordinance\u003c/a>, passed in 1989, generally prevents city employees from using funds or resources to assist with federal immigration enforcement, unless required by state law. In 2013, the city passed the \"Due Process For All\" ordinance, which \"limits when City law enforcement officers may give ICE advance notice of a person’s release from local jail\" and prevents them from assisting with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detainers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ICE detainers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, then-Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11621200/governor-jerry-brown-signs-sanctuary-state-bill-setting-up-standoff-with-trump-adminstration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">signed similar legislation\u003c/a> into law, making California a so-called \"sanctuary state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has been critical of these laws, arguing that they make the country less safe. In 2018, the federal government filed a legal challenge \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654234/a-g-sessions-to-make-major-announcement-on-sanctuary-policies-in-sacramento\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">against the policy\u003c/a>. And just a few weeks ago, President Trump highlighted sanctuary cities and states during his State of the Union address, calling it an \"outrageous law\" with \"catastrophic results.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, San Francisco Mayor London Breed said the deployment of CBP agents is \"designed to create widespread fear and distrust and will deeply harm our entire community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants rights organizations have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.pangealegal.org/news-and-updates/2020/2/14/press-release-california-immigrant-rights-advocates-condemn-militarized-escalation-against-sanctuary-cities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">criticized the action\u003c/a>, calling it \"a calculated maneuver to promote fear and intimidate cities and states that are upholding our values of common humanity and equal justice for everyone, including immigrants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border patrol agents have additional authority within 100 miles of the U.S. border, which includes the cities of \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/other/constitution-100-mile-border-zone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco and Los Angeles\u003c/a>, that allows them to set up vehicle immigration checkpoints. However, agents cannot search a vehicle without a warrant or \"probable cause,\" meaning a\u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/probable_cause\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> reasonable suspicion\u003c/a> that a crime has occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials would not confirm where exactly CBP agents would be sent, or how many.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is likely true that there are fewer, per-capita, arrests in places like San Francisco and Santa Clara County than there are, per-capita, in other cities that are non-sanctuary cities,\" Hing said. \"But it's not because of lack of personnel. It's because the local police are not calling ICE up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are questioning the logic behind the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Reallocating CBP [Customs and Border Protection] agents for interior enforcement seems to suggest that the claimed crisis at the border cannot be the existential threat the administration has claimed it to be,\" said Pratheepan Gulasekaram, a law professor at Santa Clara University. \"Apparently elite CBP units can be spared for other activities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/oceia/sanctuary-city-ordinance-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sanctuary ordinance\u003c/a>, passed in 1989, generally prevents city employees from using funds or resources to assist with federal immigration enforcement, unless required by state law. In 2013, the city passed the \"Due Process For All\" ordinance, which \"limits when City law enforcement officers may give ICE advance notice of a person’s release from local jail\" and prevents them from assisting with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detainers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ICE detainers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, then-Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11621200/governor-jerry-brown-signs-sanctuary-state-bill-setting-up-standoff-with-trump-adminstration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">signed similar legislation\u003c/a> into law, making California a so-called \"sanctuary state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has been critical of these laws, arguing that they make the country less safe. In 2018, the federal government filed a legal challenge \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654234/a-g-sessions-to-make-major-announcement-on-sanctuary-policies-in-sacramento\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">against the policy\u003c/a>. And just a few weeks ago, President Trump highlighted sanctuary cities and states during his State of the Union address, calling it an \"outrageous law\" with \"catastrophic results.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, San Francisco Mayor London Breed said the deployment of CBP agents is \"designed to create widespread fear and distrust and will deeply harm our entire community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants rights organizations have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.pangealegal.org/news-and-updates/2020/2/14/press-release-california-immigrant-rights-advocates-condemn-militarized-escalation-against-sanctuary-cities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">criticized the action\u003c/a>, calling it \"a calculated maneuver to promote fear and intimidate cities and states that are upholding our values of common humanity and equal justice for everyone, including immigrants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border patrol agents have additional authority within 100 miles of the U.S. border, which includes the cities of \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/other/constitution-100-mile-border-zone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco and Los Angeles\u003c/a>, that allows them to set up vehicle immigration checkpoints. However, agents cannot search a vehicle without a warrant or \"probable cause,\" meaning a\u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/probable_cause\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> reasonable suspicion\u003c/a> that a crime has occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials would not confirm where exactly CBP agents would be sent, or how many.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\"Detention is NOT prison\" and \"try not to take things personally,\" are just \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6609612-Adelanto-Detainee-Handbook.html#document/p36/a543360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">two of the pointers\u003c/a> the for-profit prison company GEO Group gives to newly locked-up migrant detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the latest disturbing account to come out of the company's troubled Adelanto facility, \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreadelantopepperspray\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">surveillance video\u003c/a> shows detainees (who were initiating a hunger strike to protest conditions in the facility) sitting calmly at a table and then getting pepper sprayed and roughed up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We sure have come a long, long way from \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/stli/learn/historyculture/colossus.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Emma Lazarus' United States\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\"Detention is NOT prison\" and \"try not to take things personally,\" are just \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6609612-Adelanto-Detainee-Handbook.html#document/p36/a543360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">two of the pointers\u003c/a> the for-profit prison company GEO Group gives to newly locked-up migrant detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the latest disturbing account to come out of the company's troubled Adelanto facility, \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreadelantopepperspray\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">surveillance video\u003c/a> shows detainees (who were initiating a hunger strike to protest conditions in the facility) sitting calmly at a table and then getting pepper sprayed and roughed up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We sure have come a long, long way from \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/stli/learn/historyculture/colossus.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Emma Lazarus' United States\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the early morning of June 12, 2017, a group of eight Central American migrants decided to go on a hunger strike to protest conditions at the immigration detention center where they were being held in Adelanto, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When detainees arrive at the facility, they’re given a handbook that states \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6609612-Adelanto-Detainee-Handbook.html#document/p36/a543360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">explicitly\u003c/a>, “Detention is NOT prison.” Immigration detention is where the government holds people while deciding whether to deport them, and most detainees have \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/583/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">no criminal record\u003c/a>. But this group said the conditions felt like those of a penitentiary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=802939294&mediaId=803118930\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://jwp.io/s/nOiY1Pd6\">\u003cem>Don’t see this video? Click here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among their \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584013-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-1.html#document/p128/a545987\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">complaints\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guards were discriminating against them, they lacked access to clean water, the bonds for their immigration cases were too expensive and they were receiving information only in English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When detention officers ordered them to return to their beds for a routine population “count,” the eight men refused to move from tables in the facility’s day room until they could speak to a supervisor or an official with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveillance footage obtained by NPR shows what happened next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Detention officers spent several minutes speaking to the detainees, telling them to return to their bunks. They waived a canister of pepper spray in front of them, then attempted to physically move the detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Isaac Antonio Lopez Castillo, one of the detainees who sued two detention officers at the Adelanto facility\"]‘I couldn’t take it. I was even throwing up from the pepper gas.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The video shows the detainees trying to remain seated with their arms linked. But detention officers would later claim they were inciting a “rebellion” and “assaulting” staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Detention officers then sprayed pepper spray at the men at least three times and forcibly removed them from the tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they visibly recoiled from the spray, some of the detainees were pushed into walls, pulled to the ground or dragged on the floor by guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, though not seen on camera, five of the detainees were placed in hot showers. Hot water, however, can worsen the painful burning effect from pepper spray, something an internal oversight office at the Department of Homeland Security \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html#document/p15/a541908\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">noted\u003c/a> in a review of the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t take it,” Isaac Antonio Lopez Castillo, one of the detainees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584113-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-111-3.html#document/p208/a547304\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">later testified\u003c/a> in a deposition. “I was even throwing up from the pepper gas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All eight detainees were then sent to “segregation” — ICE’s term for solitary confinement — for 10 days for “engaging in or inciting a group demonstration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR obtained footage of the incident from a federal courthouse in Riverside where the men sued the two detention officers who used pepper spray, as well as the for-profit company that runs the facility, Florida-based GEO Group. Their lawsuit contended that the guards used excessive force and violated their civil rights and that GEO was negligent in its training. In late January, the two sides \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cacd.712028/gov.uscourts.cacd.712028.205.0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notified\u003c/a> the court that they had agreed to settle the case “for a confidential amount.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement of the settlement ends 20 months of legal proceedings that — through the release of documents, depositions and video from ICE’s processing center in Adelanto — have opened a window into a facility that has come under intense scrutiny from federal inspectors and immigration advocates alike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/15/794660949/despite-findings-of-negligent-care-ice-to-expand-troubled-calif-detention-center\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR reported\u003c/a> in January, a previously confidential government inspection found that the facility was failing to meet many of the government’s own standards for solitary confinement, mental health treatment and medical care. The report also found that staff at Adelanto had \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html#document/p10/a541902\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">retaliated\u003c/a> against detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration attorneys and advocates say the conditions at Adelanto are emblematic of problems throughout an immigration detention system that has come to increasingly rely on firms like GEO to help enforce the Trump administration’s hard-line immigration policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The acting director of ICE, Matthew Albence, \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/details/FOXNEWSW_20190726_100000_FOX__Friends/start/3960/end/4020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> in 2019 that the Adelanto facility is “representative of all our detention centers.” But he disagreed with the criticisms of immigration detention facilities, saying, “They’re safe. They’re humane. They’re secure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, more than\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detention-management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> 40,000 people\u003c/a> are in immigration detention nationwide. Adelanto can house roughly 2,000 detainees and is set to expand under a new contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘Rebellion’ or Protest? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In their depositions, guards at Adelanto described a hostile situation that threatened to spin out of control because of the detainees’ refusal to return to their bunks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looked like — like a rebellion,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584014-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-2.html#document/p124/a3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> Sgt. Giovanni Campos, one of the defendants. Commotion from the hunger strikers, he said, was leading other detainees to yell and cause a bigger disturbance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"a spokesperson for GEO Group, which runs the for-profit detention center in Adelanto\"]‘Independent reviews of the incident conducted and commissioned by the federal government found that our employees acted in accordance with established protocols and procedures.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Jane Diaz, another defendant, also referred to the incident as a “rebellion” and said her fellow officers were elbowed by the detainees as the guards tried to move them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were assaulting our staff,” she \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584015-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-3.html#document/p54/a546142\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that environment, the guards said, their use of pepper spray was appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they refuse to go to count, if they refuse verbal commands, and they’re disrupting our dorm. … This is why they got sprayed,” Diaz \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584015-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-3.html#document/p38/a546084\">said\u003c/a> during a May 2019 deposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR, a GEO spokesperson wrote, “GEO strongly rejects the allegations outlined in the lawsuit, which is part of a coordinated effort to undermine immigration policies that our company plays no role in setting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for GEO have also argued that the use of hot water to remove the pepper spray was appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water, which is the method used at the Facility for decontamination purposes, does reactivate the tingling sensation caused by the OC spray,” they argued in one \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584121-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-111.html#document/p17/a549014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legal filing\u003c/a>, “however, it is necessary to remove the spray.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GEO spokesperson also stated, “Independent reviews of the incident conducted and commissioned by the federal government found that our employees acted in accordance with established protocols and procedures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for ICE declined to comment, but an inspector from the Department of Homeland Security who reviewed the incident \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html#document/p15/a545922\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">concluded \u003c/a>that the use of pepper spray “was appropriate given the circumstances.” However, the inspector faulted Adelanto for failing to provide cold water when it came time to clean the spray off the detainees, writing that “warm water will exacerbate the burning effect of the OC pepper spray.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘We Wanted to be Heard’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the detainees say that facility staff caused the disturbance by escalating the situation and using more force than necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our clients fled violence and persecution in their home countries, believing they would find safety and security in the United States,” said attorney Rachel Steinback in a statement. “Instead, they were subjected to inhumane treatment at Adelanto — and were violently punished for daring to complain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The detainees’ attorneys cited GEO’s own \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584013-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-1.html#document/p11/a546074\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use-of-force policy\u003c/a>, which considers pepper spray a “major use of force.” According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584013-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-1.html#document/p20/a546076\">policy\u003c/a>, officers can only use “major” force when, “Imminent and immediate danger to employees, inmates, or other persons exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The detainees said they were clear with GEO staff that they were starting a “peaceful” hunger strike to get facility supervisors to discuss their complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just wanted to speak and we wanted to be heard,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584015-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-3.html#document/p287/a546159\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> one of the strikers, Julio Cesar Barahona Cornejo. “At no time did I raise my hands to try to hit them or anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their actions, they said, were met with hostility, then physical force, then pepper spray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6679945-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-95-Second-Amended.html#document/p6/a546697\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit\u003c/a>, one of the detainees broke his nose and had his tooth knocked out after he was pushed into a wall. GEO’s attorneys say it is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745532-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-132-3.html#document/p39/a547774\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">uncertain\u003c/a>” whether the detainee’s nose was broken during the incident, because he didn’t report it to a doctor that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What they did to us, you don’t even do that to an animal,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584016-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-4.html#document/p9/a546169\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> another detainee, Josue Vladimir Cortez Diaz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records in the case also raise questions about Lt. Jane Diaz’s record at the facility, including an investigation into a separate pepper spray incident from 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6671213-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-151-1.html#document/p2/a546331\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">declaration\u003c/a> filed by Diaz’s own legal defense mentions “an April 2019 complaint/investigation related to Diaz’s attempt to use chemical agents on a detainee in violation of GEO policy.” According to the legal filing, “GEO personnel found that Diaz obstructed the investigation by not providing complete information to the investigator.” The incident “ultimately led to her termination from GEO,” according to the filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Coleman, an attorney representing Diaz, Campos and GEO, stated in an email to NPR, “We can’t comment on personnel actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Treatment at Adelanto \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Advocates for immigrants say the allegations from the 2017 incident fit a broader pattern of detainee mistreatment at Adelanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Freedom of Information Act, NPR has obtained and examined hundreds of grievances filed by detainees at the facility. Several of those complaints allege threats, mistreatment and verbal abuse by Adelanto staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"adelanto\" label=\"More on Adelanto\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February 2018, a female detention officer said, “I won’t hesitate to drop all this [sic] dumb bitches off their bunks,” according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745408-Adelanto-Grievance-18-0061E.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">detainee’s complaint\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How am I safe if she comes angry again?” the detainee wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another detainee \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745406-Adelanto-Grievance-18-0030W.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">complained\u003c/a> that when his family was visiting, a detention officer “mocked me and my family’s English.” When the detainee’s wife spoke to the officer about the comment, the detention officer responded, “Welcome to jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a series of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745407-Adelanto-Grievance-18-0049W-18-0053W.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">complaints\u003c/a> refer to a guard “harassing” people and saying, “I don’t like Mexicans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In each of these three cases, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745459-Pages-From-Adelanto-Grievance-Log.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the records\u003c/a>, GEO found that the complaints were substantiated. But there is no additional information about how the company or ICE addressed these issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, GEO said, “Our company took corrective action, including disciplinary action against employees, where appropriate,” but it did not provide specifics on these cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>“They Treated Me Worse Than Trash”\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Steinback, from the detainees’ legal team, said she hopes the settlement in this case “emboldens others who are being abused and mistreated to come forward and to expose the horrors that are happening in these private immigration detention centers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Isaac Antonio Lopez Castillo\"]‘Not even in my country was I treated as bad as they treated me in the United States.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the outcome, the immigration status for several of the detainees remains in flux. One of them has obtained asylum in the U.S., two had their asylum requests rejected and the five others are still awaiting final decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Isaac Antonio Lopez Castillo did not receive asylum. He ended up in Tijuana, Mexico, after the incident, where he found work at a hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his deposition, Lopez Castillo said he had sought asylum in the U.S. to escape violence from gangs and police in El Salvador. But after his experience in immigration detention, he said he changed his mind about America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not even in my country was I treated as bad as they treated me in the United States,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584015-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-3.html#document/p277/a546158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> Lopez Castillo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They treated me worse than trash when all I was trying to do was start a life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/Pe-rFNoF74s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>You can see the full video of the incident here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Exclusive%3A+Video+Shows+Controversial+Use+Of+Force+Inside+An+ICE+Detention+Center+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the early morning of June 12, 2017, a group of eight Central American migrants decided to go on a hunger strike to protest conditions at the immigration detention center where they were being held in Adelanto, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When detainees arrive at the facility, they’re given a handbook that states \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6609612-Adelanto-Detainee-Handbook.html#document/p36/a543360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">explicitly\u003c/a>, “Detention is NOT prison.” Immigration detention is where the government holds people while deciding whether to deport them, and most detainees have \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/583/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">no criminal record\u003c/a>. But this group said the conditions felt like those of a penitentiary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=802939294&mediaId=803118930\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://jwp.io/s/nOiY1Pd6\">\u003cem>Don’t see this video? Click here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among their \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584013-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-1.html#document/p128/a545987\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">complaints\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guards were discriminating against them, they lacked access to clean water, the bonds for their immigration cases were too expensive and they were receiving information only in English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When detention officers ordered them to return to their beds for a routine population “count,” the eight men refused to move from tables in the facility’s day room until they could speak to a supervisor or an official with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveillance footage obtained by NPR shows what happened next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Detention officers spent several minutes speaking to the detainees, telling them to return to their bunks. They waived a canister of pepper spray in front of them, then attempted to physically move the detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The video shows the detainees trying to remain seated with their arms linked. But detention officers would later claim they were inciting a “rebellion” and “assaulting” staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Detention officers then sprayed pepper spray at the men at least three times and forcibly removed them from the tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they visibly recoiled from the spray, some of the detainees were pushed into walls, pulled to the ground or dragged on the floor by guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, though not seen on camera, five of the detainees were placed in hot showers. Hot water, however, can worsen the painful burning effect from pepper spray, something an internal oversight office at the Department of Homeland Security \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html#document/p15/a541908\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">noted\u003c/a> in a review of the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t take it,” Isaac Antonio Lopez Castillo, one of the detainees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584113-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-111-3.html#document/p208/a547304\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">later testified\u003c/a> in a deposition. “I was even throwing up from the pepper gas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All eight detainees were then sent to “segregation” — ICE’s term for solitary confinement — for 10 days for “engaging in or inciting a group demonstration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR obtained footage of the incident from a federal courthouse in Riverside where the men sued the two detention officers who used pepper spray, as well as the for-profit company that runs the facility, Florida-based GEO Group. Their lawsuit contended that the guards used excessive force and violated their civil rights and that GEO was negligent in its training. In late January, the two sides \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cacd.712028/gov.uscourts.cacd.712028.205.0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notified\u003c/a> the court that they had agreed to settle the case “for a confidential amount.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement of the settlement ends 20 months of legal proceedings that — through the release of documents, depositions and video from ICE’s processing center in Adelanto — have opened a window into a facility that has come under intense scrutiny from federal inspectors and immigration advocates alike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/15/794660949/despite-findings-of-negligent-care-ice-to-expand-troubled-calif-detention-center\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR reported\u003c/a> in January, a previously confidential government inspection found that the facility was failing to meet many of the government’s own standards for solitary confinement, mental health treatment and medical care. The report also found that staff at Adelanto had \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html#document/p10/a541902\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">retaliated\u003c/a> against detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration attorneys and advocates say the conditions at Adelanto are emblematic of problems throughout an immigration detention system that has come to increasingly rely on firms like GEO to help enforce the Trump administration’s hard-line immigration policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The acting director of ICE, Matthew Albence, \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/details/FOXNEWSW_20190726_100000_FOX__Friends/start/3960/end/4020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> in 2019 that the Adelanto facility is “representative of all our detention centers.” But he disagreed with the criticisms of immigration detention facilities, saying, “They’re safe. They’re humane. They’re secure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, more than\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detention-management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> 40,000 people\u003c/a> are in immigration detention nationwide. Adelanto can house roughly 2,000 detainees and is set to expand under a new contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Jane Diaz, another defendant, also referred to the incident as a “rebellion” and said her fellow officers were elbowed by the detainees as the guards tried to move them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were assaulting our staff,” she \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584015-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-3.html#document/p54/a546142\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that environment, the guards said, their use of pepper spray was appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they refuse to go to count, if they refuse verbal commands, and they’re disrupting our dorm. … This is why they got sprayed,” Diaz \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584015-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-3.html#document/p38/a546084\">said\u003c/a> during a May 2019 deposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR, a GEO spokesperson wrote, “GEO strongly rejects the allegations outlined in the lawsuit, which is part of a coordinated effort to undermine immigration policies that our company plays no role in setting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for GEO have also argued that the use of hot water to remove the pepper spray was appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water, which is the method used at the Facility for decontamination purposes, does reactivate the tingling sensation caused by the OC spray,” they argued in one \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584121-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-111.html#document/p17/a549014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legal filing\u003c/a>, “however, it is necessary to remove the spray.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GEO spokesperson also stated, “Independent reviews of the incident conducted and commissioned by the federal government found that our employees acted in accordance with established protocols and procedures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for ICE declined to comment, but an inspector from the Department of Homeland Security who reviewed the incident \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html#document/p15/a545922\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">concluded \u003c/a>that the use of pepper spray “was appropriate given the circumstances.” However, the inspector faulted Adelanto for failing to provide cold water when it came time to clean the spray off the detainees, writing that “warm water will exacerbate the burning effect of the OC pepper spray.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘We Wanted to be Heard’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the detainees say that facility staff caused the disturbance by escalating the situation and using more force than necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our clients fled violence and persecution in their home countries, believing they would find safety and security in the United States,” said attorney Rachel Steinback in a statement. “Instead, they were subjected to inhumane treatment at Adelanto — and were violently punished for daring to complain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The detainees’ attorneys cited GEO’s own \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584013-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-1.html#document/p11/a546074\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use-of-force policy\u003c/a>, which considers pepper spray a “major use of force.” According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584013-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-1.html#document/p20/a546076\">policy\u003c/a>, officers can only use “major” force when, “Imminent and immediate danger to employees, inmates, or other persons exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The detainees said they were clear with GEO staff that they were starting a “peaceful” hunger strike to get facility supervisors to discuss their complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just wanted to speak and we wanted to be heard,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584015-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-3.html#document/p287/a546159\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> one of the strikers, Julio Cesar Barahona Cornejo. “At no time did I raise my hands to try to hit them or anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their actions, they said, were met with hostility, then physical force, then pepper spray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6679945-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-95-Second-Amended.html#document/p6/a546697\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit\u003c/a>, one of the detainees broke his nose and had his tooth knocked out after he was pushed into a wall. GEO’s attorneys say it is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745532-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-132-3.html#document/p39/a547774\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">uncertain\u003c/a>” whether the detainee’s nose was broken during the incident, because he didn’t report it to a doctor that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What they did to us, you don’t even do that to an animal,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584016-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-4.html#document/p9/a546169\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> another detainee, Josue Vladimir Cortez Diaz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records in the case also raise questions about Lt. Jane Diaz’s record at the facility, including an investigation into a separate pepper spray incident from 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6671213-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-151-1.html#document/p2/a546331\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">declaration\u003c/a> filed by Diaz’s own legal defense mentions “an April 2019 complaint/investigation related to Diaz’s attempt to use chemical agents on a detainee in violation of GEO policy.” According to the legal filing, “GEO personnel found that Diaz obstructed the investigation by not providing complete information to the investigator.” The incident “ultimately led to her termination from GEO,” according to the filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Coleman, an attorney representing Diaz, Campos and GEO, stated in an email to NPR, “We can’t comment on personnel actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Treatment at Adelanto \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Advocates for immigrants say the allegations from the 2017 incident fit a broader pattern of detainee mistreatment at Adelanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Freedom of Information Act, NPR has obtained and examined hundreds of grievances filed by detainees at the facility. Several of those complaints allege threats, mistreatment and verbal abuse by Adelanto staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February 2018, a female detention officer said, “I won’t hesitate to drop all this [sic] dumb bitches off their bunks,” according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745408-Adelanto-Grievance-18-0061E.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">detainee’s complaint\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How am I safe if she comes angry again?” the detainee wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another detainee \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745406-Adelanto-Grievance-18-0030W.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">complained\u003c/a> that when his family was visiting, a detention officer “mocked me and my family’s English.” When the detainee’s wife spoke to the officer about the comment, the detention officer responded, “Welcome to jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a series of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745407-Adelanto-Grievance-18-0049W-18-0053W.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">complaints\u003c/a> refer to a guard “harassing” people and saying, “I don’t like Mexicans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In each of these three cases, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745459-Pages-From-Adelanto-Grievance-Log.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the records\u003c/a>, GEO found that the complaints were substantiated. But there is no additional information about how the company or ICE addressed these issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, GEO said, “Our company took corrective action, including disciplinary action against employees, where appropriate,” but it did not provide specifics on these cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>“They Treated Me Worse Than Trash”\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Steinback, from the detainees’ legal team, said she hopes the settlement in this case “emboldens others who are being abused and mistreated to come forward and to expose the horrors that are happening in these private immigration detention centers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the outcome, the immigration status for several of the detainees remains in flux. One of them has obtained asylum in the U.S., two had their asylum requests rejected and the five others are still awaiting final decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Isaac Antonio Lopez Castillo did not receive asylum. He ended up in Tijuana, Mexico, after the incident, where he found work at a hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his deposition, Lopez Castillo said he had sought asylum in the U.S. to escape violence from gangs and police in El Salvador. But after his experience in immigration detention, he said he changed his mind about America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not even in my country was I treated as bad as they treated me in the United States,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584015-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-125-3.html#document/p277/a546158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> Lopez Castillo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They treated me worse than trash when all I was trying to do was start a life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/Pe-rFNoF74s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>You can see the full video of the incident here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Exclusive%3A+Video+Shows+Controversial+Use+Of+Force+Inside+An+ICE+Detention+Center+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"order": 9
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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