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"content": "\u003cp>President Joe Biden said Wednesday that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11923349/biden-is-canceling-up-to-10k-in-student-loans-20k-for-pell-grant-recipients\">many Americans can have up to $10,000 in federal student loan debt forgiven\u003c/a>. That amount increases to $20,000 if they went to college on Pell grants, which are \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/understand-aid/types/grants/pell\">federal grants reserved for undergraduates with the most significant financial need\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what we know so far about the student loan forgiveness plan, or jump straight to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#applystudentloanforgiveness\">How do I apply for student loan forgiveness?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#studentloanfreeze\">Will the student loan payment freeze be extended?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#studentloanfreeze\">What happens if I already paid back my student loans?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Do I qualify for student loan forgiveness?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To be eligible for this student loan forgiveness plan, the White House says that \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/debt-relief-announcement/\">your annual income must have fallen below $125,000 for individuals\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That annual income threshold rises to $250,000 for married couples, or the heads of households.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who borrowed through most federal student loan programs are eligible. \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2022/08/24/student-loan-forgiveness-plan-explained/\">Those who have private loans issued by banks or schools will not qualify.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How much student loan forgiveness could I receive, if I’m eligible?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you meet the income requirements above, and you were also the recipient of a \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/understand-aid/types/grants/pell\">Pell grant\u003c/a> in college, the White House says you’ll be eligible for up to $20,000 in debt cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you meet the income threshold but you \u003cem>didn’t\u003c/em> receive a Pell grant in college, you’ll qualify for up to $10,000 in debt cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Washington Post reports that \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2022/08/24/student-loan-forgiveness-plan-explained/\">graduate student loans are eligible for student loan forgiveness\u003c/a>, up to $10,000, but they’re not eligible for the extra $10,000 offered to recipients of a Pell grant.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"applystudentloanforgiveness\">\u003c/a>How do I apply for student loan forgiveness?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Applications for the student loan forgiveness plan haven’t actually opened yet, so you’re not missing anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House says that if the Department of Education already has your income data, your application for student loan forgiveness will happen automatically. If the Department of Education \u003cem>doesn’t\u003c/em> have your income data, or you’re unsure whether they do or not, then you’ll do an application yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How will you apply, and when? The White House says it’ll be launching a “simple” application process online “in the coming weeks,” and that the application “will be available before the pause on federal student loan repayments ends” on December 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/debt-relief-announcement/\">Keep an eye on the federal student aid website\u003c/a> for more details in the coming weeks. You should also \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed.gov/subscriptions\">sign up for notifications from the U.S. Department of Education\u003c/a> to find out when the application process has been opened up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, get \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/08/24/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-student-loan-relief-for-borrowers-who-need-it-most/\">more details about the student loan forgiveness plan with the White House’s fact sheet\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"studentloanfreeze\">\u003c/a>Will the student loan payment freeze be extended?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden’s tweet said the student loan payment freeze will be extended one last time, until December 31. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/financial-markets-coronavirus-pandemic-student-loans-fdba50ad8d575b627284563a62aa6a5e\">The student loan freeze started in 2020\u003c/a> as a way to help people struggling financially during the COVID-19 pandemic and it’s been extended several times since. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11910436/the-student-loan-pause-has-been-extended-until-the-end-of-the-summer\">The payment freeze was previously set to expire on August 31.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t need to do anything to extend your student loan pause through the end of the year. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/debt-relief-announcement/\">The extension will happen automatically.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest rates will remain at 0% until repayments start. Under an earlier extension announced in April, people who were behind on payments before the pandemic will automatically be put in good standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How many people will this student loan forgiveness plan help?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>About 43 million Americans have federal student debt, and a third of those owe less than $10,000. Half owe less than $20,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total amount of federal student debt is more than $1.6 trillion. Nearly one third of all American students take out loans to pay for college, with an average balance of $37,667, according to federal data.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"studentloanfreeze\">\u003c/a>What if I’ve already paid off my student loans? Will I see relief?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The debt forgiveness is expected to apply only to those currently holding student debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’ve voluntarily made payments since March 2020, when payments were paused, you can request a refund for those payments, according to the Office of Federal Student Aid. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/repayment/servicers\">Contact your loan servicer to request a refund.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will student loan forgiveness definitely happen?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Critics believe the White House will face lawsuits over the plan, because Congress has never given the president the explicit authority to cancel debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We don’t know yet how that might affect the timetable for student loan forgiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if I can’t afford to pay my student loans even with loan forgiveness?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Once payments resume, \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/default\"> borrowers who can’t pay risk delinquency and eventually default\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a loan hasn’t been paid for 90 days or more, it’s labeled delinquent and will be reported to national credit reporting agencies, which could hurt your credit rating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 270 days, the loan will be considered in default. Consequences vary depending on the type of loan, but can include losing eligibility for additional federal student aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re struggling to pay, check whether you qualify for an income-driven repayment plan. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/repayment/plans/income-driven\">Find out more about income-driven repayment plans.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan Biden announced Wednesday also includes a provision that allows people with undergraduate loans to cap repayment at 5% of their monthly income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re employed by a nonprofit organization, the military, the federal government or a state, tribal, or local government, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11911550/student-loan-borrowers-will-get-help-after-an-npr-report-and-years-of-complaints\">you could also be eligible to have all your student loans forgiven through the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certain eligibility criteria in the PSLF program have been temporarily waived, but those changes expire on October 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/publicserviceloanforgiveness/?utm_source=pslf.gov\">Read more about applying for the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from Cora Lewis and Adriana Morga of The Associated Press, with contributions from Seung Min Kim, Michael Balsamo, Chris Megerian and Zeke Miller. KQED’s Juan Carlos Lara and Carly Severn contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Joe Biden said Wednesday that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11923349/biden-is-canceling-up-to-10k-in-student-loans-20k-for-pell-grant-recipients\">many Americans can have up to $10,000 in federal student loan debt forgiven\u003c/a>. That amount increases to $20,000 if they went to college on Pell grants, which are \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/understand-aid/types/grants/pell\">federal grants reserved for undergraduates with the most significant financial need\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what we know so far about the student loan forgiveness plan, or jump straight to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#applystudentloanforgiveness\">How do I apply for student loan forgiveness?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#studentloanfreeze\">Will the student loan payment freeze be extended?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#studentloanfreeze\">What happens if I already paid back my student loans?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Do I qualify for student loan forgiveness?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To be eligible for this student loan forgiveness plan, the White House says that \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/debt-relief-announcement/\">your annual income must have fallen below $125,000 for individuals\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That annual income threshold rises to $250,000 for married couples, or the heads of households.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who borrowed through most federal student loan programs are eligible. \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2022/08/24/student-loan-forgiveness-plan-explained/\">Those who have private loans issued by banks or schools will not qualify.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How much student loan forgiveness could I receive, if I’m eligible?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you meet the income requirements above, and you were also the recipient of a \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/understand-aid/types/grants/pell\">Pell grant\u003c/a> in college, the White House says you’ll be eligible for up to $20,000 in debt cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you meet the income threshold but you \u003cem>didn’t\u003c/em> receive a Pell grant in college, you’ll qualify for up to $10,000 in debt cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Washington Post reports that \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2022/08/24/student-loan-forgiveness-plan-explained/\">graduate student loans are eligible for student loan forgiveness\u003c/a>, up to $10,000, but they’re not eligible for the extra $10,000 offered to recipients of a Pell grant.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"applystudentloanforgiveness\">\u003c/a>How do I apply for student loan forgiveness?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Applications for the student loan forgiveness plan haven’t actually opened yet, so you’re not missing anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House says that if the Department of Education already has your income data, your application for student loan forgiveness will happen automatically. If the Department of Education \u003cem>doesn’t\u003c/em> have your income data, or you’re unsure whether they do or not, then you’ll do an application yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How will you apply, and when? The White House says it’ll be launching a “simple” application process online “in the coming weeks,” and that the application “will be available before the pause on federal student loan repayments ends” on December 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/debt-relief-announcement/\">Keep an eye on the federal student aid website\u003c/a> for more details in the coming weeks. You should also \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed.gov/subscriptions\">sign up for notifications from the U.S. Department of Education\u003c/a> to find out when the application process has been opened up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, get \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/08/24/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-student-loan-relief-for-borrowers-who-need-it-most/\">more details about the student loan forgiveness plan with the White House’s fact sheet\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"studentloanfreeze\">\u003c/a>Will the student loan payment freeze be extended?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden’s tweet said the student loan payment freeze will be extended one last time, until December 31. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/financial-markets-coronavirus-pandemic-student-loans-fdba50ad8d575b627284563a62aa6a5e\">The student loan freeze started in 2020\u003c/a> as a way to help people struggling financially during the COVID-19 pandemic and it’s been extended several times since. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11910436/the-student-loan-pause-has-been-extended-until-the-end-of-the-summer\">The payment freeze was previously set to expire on August 31.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t need to do anything to extend your student loan pause through the end of the year. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/debt-relief-announcement/\">The extension will happen automatically.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest rates will remain at 0% until repayments start. Under an earlier extension announced in April, people who were behind on payments before the pandemic will automatically be put in good standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How many people will this student loan forgiveness plan help?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>About 43 million Americans have federal student debt, and a third of those owe less than $10,000. Half owe less than $20,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total amount of federal student debt is more than $1.6 trillion. Nearly one third of all American students take out loans to pay for college, with an average balance of $37,667, according to federal data.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"studentloanfreeze\">\u003c/a>What if I’ve already paid off my student loans? Will I see relief?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The debt forgiveness is expected to apply only to those currently holding student debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’ve voluntarily made payments since March 2020, when payments were paused, you can request a refund for those payments, according to the Office of Federal Student Aid. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/repayment/servicers\">Contact your loan servicer to request a refund.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will student loan forgiveness definitely happen?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Critics believe the White House will face lawsuits over the plan, because Congress has never given the president the explicit authority to cancel debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We don’t know yet how that might affect the timetable for student loan forgiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if I can’t afford to pay my student loans even with loan forgiveness?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Once payments resume, \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/default\"> borrowers who can’t pay risk delinquency and eventually default\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a loan hasn’t been paid for 90 days or more, it’s labeled delinquent and will be reported to national credit reporting agencies, which could hurt your credit rating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 270 days, the loan will be considered in default. Consequences vary depending on the type of loan, but can include losing eligibility for additional federal student aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re struggling to pay, check whether you qualify for an income-driven repayment plan. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/repayment/plans/income-driven\">Find out more about income-driven repayment plans.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan Biden announced Wednesday also includes a provision that allows people with undergraduate loans to cap repayment at 5% of their monthly income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re employed by a nonprofit organization, the military, the federal government or a state, tribal, or local government, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11911550/student-loan-borrowers-will-get-help-after-an-npr-report-and-years-of-complaints\">you could also be eligible to have all your student loans forgiven through the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certain eligibility criteria in the PSLF program have been temporarily waived, but those changes expire on October 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/publicserviceloanforgiveness/?utm_source=pslf.gov\">Read more about applying for the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from Cora Lewis and Adriana Morga of The Associated Press, with contributions from Seung Min Kim, Michael Balsamo, Chris Megerian and Zeke Miller. KQED’s Juan Carlos Lara and Carly Severn contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Across California, parents’ pandemic-era frustrations over everything from COVID school closures and safety protocols to the power of teachers unions are driving them to run for school boards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some are motivated by national controversies, such as critical race theory and LGBTQ+ education. Others want to make sure the record amount of money pouring into California schools benefits students directly. According to the California School Boards Association, about half of the approximately 5,000 school board seats in the state are up for election this year, but there’s no official count of how many parents are running for these offices that have drawn so much ire during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s clear that we’re really investing in our public schools,” said Taylor Kayatta, a parent and school board candidate in Sacramento. “Whatever money we’re making this year should be spent on this year’s students. I don’t like the idea of putting money away just to put it away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kayatta said he wants to streamline the clunky bureaucracy at Sacramento City Unified, which he and his family experienced firsthand. As he goes door to door to speak to voters, he starts the conversation with the story of his son and the struggle to get him a speech therapist through the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a year or two where every day I’d wake up and say, ‘Is this the day when we put our house on the market and move to Folsom?’” he said. “Because if I couldn’t get my son the services he needed, there was only so much I could push.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 37-year-old attorney is seeking public office for the first time. Kayatta’s campaign for school board is a throwback to pre-pandemic times: more transparency, better communication and fiscal responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The local teachers union at Sacramento City Unified endorsed him, but Kayatta knows the endorsement might be a liability. Antagonism toward teachers unions fueled much of the parent activism during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People might say that I’m a lackey,” he said. “But I’ve told the union that I’m not going to silence myself.”[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11922860,news_11879696,news_11907806\"]In other parts of the state, parents who believed their personal liberties were violated by mask and vaccine mandates and sex education curricula found allies among school choice advocates and longtime opponents of teachers unions. The state Republican party has been tapping into this \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11922860/california-republicans-are-betting-big-on-local-school-board-races\">“parental rights” platform\u003c/a> to support candidates it believes are aligned with its agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some school boards are struggling to find viable candidates. In some cases, that means that candidates some consider extremists, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/A-Bay-Area-school-board-candidate-holds-extremist-17370172.php\">Dennis Delisle in Morgan Hill\u003c/a>, run unopposed. In Sacramento County, Jeffrey Perrine, who last year \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/article264522856.html\">told The Sacramento Bee\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/article264522856.html\">he was a member of the far-right extremist group the Proud Boys\u003c/a>, is running for the board of the San Juan Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kayatta said he’s more focused on making sure his district spends its money on teachers, avoids future labor disputes and attracts more families to its schools. He said Sacramento City Unified has been insulated from the national controversies that have plagued other districts during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In urban districts, those aren’t huge issues,” Kayatta said. “I think it’s something of a blue bubble, maybe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even in San Diego, school board candidates struggled to see eye to eye with voters who seemed to only want to talk about sex education and critical race theory, an academic framework that examines how race is a construct of society and its laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told them parents always had control, that they could always opt out and that there were no critical race theory-based classes,” said Lily Higman, who ran in the June primary for San Diego Unified’s school board and lost. “But they were pushing these issues so hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Higman’s platform included hiring more counselors and addressing chronic absenteeism. But voters’ obsession with national education controversies consumed the conversation, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t let them shape my platform, and that was probably to my detriment,” Higman said. “There’s such a big group of kids that have fallen behind, and while voters agree with that, they can’t get off critical race theory and sex ed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vladimir Kogan, a political science professor at The Ohio State University who has written about local politics in California, said he’s skeptical that the most vocal voters are representative of a community. He said a large body of research shows that candidates often misperceive public opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is always the danger of democracy,” he said. “It’s always hard to know what your constituents want because it’s so expensive to poll.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The year of the parent’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Lily Higman, June primary candidate, San Diego Unified school board\"]‘There’s such a big group of kids that have fallen behind, and while voters agree with that, they can’t get off critical race theory and sex ed.’[/pullquote]In Orange County, opposition to COVID safety protocols converged with advocacy for charter schools. The Orange County Board of Education drew public attention during the pandemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-08-04/o-c-board-of-education-to-sue-newsom-over-k-12-school-mask-mandate\">when it sued Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> for mandating masks on campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were saying, ‘I don’t want my kids vaccinated and I don’t want my kids masked,’” said former board president Mari Barke. “I think this is going to be the year of the parent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barke was mentioned \u003ca href=\"https://www.salon.com/2022/03/15/how-this-tiny-christian-college-is-driving-the-rights-nationwide-against-public-schools/\">in a Salon article\u003c/a> in March that pointed out that her husband, Jeff Barke, a physician who denied the severity of COVID-19, had founded a charter school that uses curriculum provided by a Christian college. Barke said she recused herself when the county board voted to approve the charter school. But her opponents remain critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Barke was up for reelection, a race that was characterized as a referendum on her leadership. Barke defeated Martha Fluor, a former board member at Newport-Mesa Unified. Fluor ran with the teachers union endorsement and lost with 32% of the vote to Barke’s 59%. Barke said she wanted to run to protect the rights of “mama bears and papa bears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think just naturally, if you are uncomfortable with the mandates at your local district, then you might want more options, whether that’s to attend a virtual school or a charter school in the area,” Barke said. “When people feel their parental rights are being diminished to a degree, I think they want more options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fluor, a former Republican who left the party after the Jan. 6 insurrection, said she ran to defeat what she called an extremist coalition subjecting schools to its political agenda. Fluor said the county board would often pray before meetings and opposed masks and vaccines. She said she and other like-minded candidates would have won if the election had been held in November, when more people are likely to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This race was really about political, ultraconservative ideology versus what’s in the best interest of kids,” Fluor said. “The low voter turnout was our downfall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Political scientists have long suspected that the parents who show up at board meetings don’t necessarily represent the majority of their communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s probably the case that the most vocal people on both sides are really the vocal minority, and they’re not speaking for most parents,” said Kogan, the political science professor. “That’s especially going to be true in urban districts serving the most disadvantaged students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most vocal organizations has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.letthembreathe.net/\">Let Them Breathe\u003c/a>, which started as a group of parents opposing mask mandates at school districts in Southern California. Sharon McKeeman, founder of the group, is now running for the Carlsbad Unified school board in northern San Diego County. In 2021, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/education/story/2021-12-20/sd-me-san-diego-unified-mandate-ruling\">Let Them Breathe sued San Diego Unified\u003c/a>, the second-largest district in the state, over its vaccine mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKeeman said she’s seeking office after witnessing teachers unions using students as a “bargaining chip” and delaying the reopening of schools after they were shut down in the early days of the pandemic. She said she’ll refuse to reinstate any mask mandates, even if teachers unions push for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will provide them with the resources so they can focus on teaching,” she said. “I’m just not going to bow to union interests.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Martha Fluor, June primary candidate, Orange County Board of Education\"]‘This race was really about political, ultraconservative ideology versus what’s in the best interest of kids.’[/pullquote]McKeeman said most teachers wanted to come back to in-person instruction sooner. She said she would be open to salary increases for teachers, considering how much money is going to public school districts. She wants to hire more art teachers in particular and reduce class sizes to raise math and reading test scores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she’s also calling for more parental oversight of what’s being taught in classrooms, especially when it comes to sex education. Parents who became politically active by opposing vaccine and mask mandates also seem to oppose lessons that “divide the family unit,” McKeeman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents saw the government overreach and force their children into masks,” she said. “Those parents are looking into what else is going on in their children’s school and curriculum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sacramento, Kayatta said parents support masking and vaccines. He said districts need to remain vigilant and reinstate masking policies if the number of cases and hospitalizations rises again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of school districts in the country are like, ‘That’s over now,’” Kayatta said. “I don’t think we’re quite there yet. I think we need to keep an eye on it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to local school governance, parent activists want \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2022/06/california-schools-stimulus-funds-oversight/\">transparency\u003c/a> in how districts are handling the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11879696/special-ed-and-high-needs-students-get-windfall-in-budget-deal\">billions of dollars in federal relief money\u003c/a> they are receiving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before COVID, if you asked parents to name a member of their school board, I guarantee most would have come up with nothing,” said Megan Bacigalupi, the founder of CA Parent Power, a parent advocacy group established during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bacigalupi said parents are most concerned about the quality of education and the mental health of students. “Risk of COVID infection is dead last,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t mean to keep talking about COVID, but there’s certainly money being spent on it,” she said. “Where parents want the money to be allocated is very different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kayatta said he disagrees with large parts of the growing parent coalition, but he believes the new interest in politics among parents has made it easier to campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think parents are paying a lot more attention now on either side,” Kayatta said. “A lot of that came from having your kids at home. That’s not going away anytime soon.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Across California, parents’ pandemic-era frustrations over everything from COVID school closures and safety protocols to the power of teachers unions are driving them to run for school boards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some are motivated by national controversies, such as critical race theory and LGBTQ+ education. Others want to make sure the record amount of money pouring into California schools benefits students directly. According to the California School Boards Association, about half of the approximately 5,000 school board seats in the state are up for election this year, but there’s no official count of how many parents are running for these offices that have drawn so much ire during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s clear that we’re really investing in our public schools,” said Taylor Kayatta, a parent and school board candidate in Sacramento. “Whatever money we’re making this year should be spent on this year’s students. I don’t like the idea of putting money away just to put it away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kayatta said he wants to streamline the clunky bureaucracy at Sacramento City Unified, which he and his family experienced firsthand. As he goes door to door to speak to voters, he starts the conversation with the story of his son and the struggle to get him a speech therapist through the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a year or two where every day I’d wake up and say, ‘Is this the day when we put our house on the market and move to Folsom?’” he said. “Because if I couldn’t get my son the services he needed, there was only so much I could push.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 37-year-old attorney is seeking public office for the first time. Kayatta’s campaign for school board is a throwback to pre-pandemic times: more transparency, better communication and fiscal responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The local teachers union at Sacramento City Unified endorsed him, but Kayatta knows the endorsement might be a liability. Antagonism toward teachers unions fueled much of the parent activism during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People might say that I’m a lackey,” he said. “But I’ve told the union that I’m not going to silence myself.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In other parts of the state, parents who believed their personal liberties were violated by mask and vaccine mandates and sex education curricula found allies among school choice advocates and longtime opponents of teachers unions. The state Republican party has been tapping into this \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11922860/california-republicans-are-betting-big-on-local-school-board-races\">“parental rights” platform\u003c/a> to support candidates it believes are aligned with its agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some school boards are struggling to find viable candidates. In some cases, that means that candidates some consider extremists, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/A-Bay-Area-school-board-candidate-holds-extremist-17370172.php\">Dennis Delisle in Morgan Hill\u003c/a>, run unopposed. In Sacramento County, Jeffrey Perrine, who last year \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/article264522856.html\">told The Sacramento Bee\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/article264522856.html\">he was a member of the far-right extremist group the Proud Boys\u003c/a>, is running for the board of the San Juan Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kayatta said he’s more focused on making sure his district spends its money on teachers, avoids future labor disputes and attracts more families to its schools. He said Sacramento City Unified has been insulated from the national controversies that have plagued other districts during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In urban districts, those aren’t huge issues,” Kayatta said. “I think it’s something of a blue bubble, maybe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even in San Diego, school board candidates struggled to see eye to eye with voters who seemed to only want to talk about sex education and critical race theory, an academic framework that examines how race is a construct of society and its laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told them parents always had control, that they could always opt out and that there were no critical race theory-based classes,” said Lily Higman, who ran in the June primary for San Diego Unified’s school board and lost. “But they were pushing these issues so hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Higman’s platform included hiring more counselors and addressing chronic absenteeism. But voters’ obsession with national education controversies consumed the conversation, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t let them shape my platform, and that was probably to my detriment,” Higman said. “There’s such a big group of kids that have fallen behind, and while voters agree with that, they can’t get off critical race theory and sex ed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vladimir Kogan, a political science professor at The Ohio State University who has written about local politics in California, said he’s skeptical that the most vocal voters are representative of a community. He said a large body of research shows that candidates often misperceive public opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is always the danger of democracy,” he said. “It’s always hard to know what your constituents want because it’s so expensive to poll.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The year of the parent’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘There’s such a big group of kids that have fallen behind, and while voters agree with that, they can’t get off critical race theory and sex ed.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In Orange County, opposition to COVID safety protocols converged with advocacy for charter schools. The Orange County Board of Education drew public attention during the pandemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-08-04/o-c-board-of-education-to-sue-newsom-over-k-12-school-mask-mandate\">when it sued Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> for mandating masks on campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were saying, ‘I don’t want my kids vaccinated and I don’t want my kids masked,’” said former board president Mari Barke. “I think this is going to be the year of the parent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barke was mentioned \u003ca href=\"https://www.salon.com/2022/03/15/how-this-tiny-christian-college-is-driving-the-rights-nationwide-against-public-schools/\">in a Salon article\u003c/a> in March that pointed out that her husband, Jeff Barke, a physician who denied the severity of COVID-19, had founded a charter school that uses curriculum provided by a Christian college. Barke said she recused herself when the county board voted to approve the charter school. But her opponents remain critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Barke was up for reelection, a race that was characterized as a referendum on her leadership. Barke defeated Martha Fluor, a former board member at Newport-Mesa Unified. Fluor ran with the teachers union endorsement and lost with 32% of the vote to Barke’s 59%. Barke said she wanted to run to protect the rights of “mama bears and papa bears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think just naturally, if you are uncomfortable with the mandates at your local district, then you might want more options, whether that’s to attend a virtual school or a charter school in the area,” Barke said. “When people feel their parental rights are being diminished to a degree, I think they want more options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fluor, a former Republican who left the party after the Jan. 6 insurrection, said she ran to defeat what she called an extremist coalition subjecting schools to its political agenda. Fluor said the county board would often pray before meetings and opposed masks and vaccines. She said she and other like-minded candidates would have won if the election had been held in November, when more people are likely to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This race was really about political, ultraconservative ideology versus what’s in the best interest of kids,” Fluor said. “The low voter turnout was our downfall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Political scientists have long suspected that the parents who show up at board meetings don’t necessarily represent the majority of their communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s probably the case that the most vocal people on both sides are really the vocal minority, and they’re not speaking for most parents,” said Kogan, the political science professor. “That’s especially going to be true in urban districts serving the most disadvantaged students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most vocal organizations has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.letthembreathe.net/\">Let Them Breathe\u003c/a>, which started as a group of parents opposing mask mandates at school districts in Southern California. Sharon McKeeman, founder of the group, is now running for the Carlsbad Unified school board in northern San Diego County. In 2021, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/education/story/2021-12-20/sd-me-san-diego-unified-mandate-ruling\">Let Them Breathe sued San Diego Unified\u003c/a>, the second-largest district in the state, over its vaccine mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKeeman said she’s seeking office after witnessing teachers unions using students as a “bargaining chip” and delaying the reopening of schools after they were shut down in the early days of the pandemic. She said she’ll refuse to reinstate any mask mandates, even if teachers unions push for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will provide them with the resources so they can focus on teaching,” she said. “I’m just not going to bow to union interests.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>McKeeman said most teachers wanted to come back to in-person instruction sooner. She said she would be open to salary increases for teachers, considering how much money is going to public school districts. She wants to hire more art teachers in particular and reduce class sizes to raise math and reading test scores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she’s also calling for more parental oversight of what’s being taught in classrooms, especially when it comes to sex education. Parents who became politically active by opposing vaccine and mask mandates also seem to oppose lessons that “divide the family unit,” McKeeman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents saw the government overreach and force their children into masks,” she said. “Those parents are looking into what else is going on in their children’s school and curriculum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sacramento, Kayatta said parents support masking and vaccines. He said districts need to remain vigilant and reinstate masking policies if the number of cases and hospitalizations rises again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of school districts in the country are like, ‘That’s over now,’” Kayatta said. “I don’t think we’re quite there yet. I think we need to keep an eye on it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to local school governance, parent activists want \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2022/06/california-schools-stimulus-funds-oversight/\">transparency\u003c/a> in how districts are handling the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11879696/special-ed-and-high-needs-students-get-windfall-in-budget-deal\">billions of dollars in federal relief money\u003c/a> they are receiving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before COVID, if you asked parents to name a member of their school board, I guarantee most would have come up with nothing,” said Megan Bacigalupi, the founder of CA Parent Power, a parent advocacy group established during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bacigalupi said parents are most concerned about the quality of education and the mental health of students. “Risk of COVID infection is dead last,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t mean to keep talking about COVID, but there’s certainly money being spent on it,” she said. “Where parents want the money to be allocated is very different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kayatta said he disagrees with large parts of the growing parent coalition, but he believes the new interest in politics among parents has made it easier to campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think parents are paying a lot more attention now on either side,” Kayatta said. “A lot of that came from having your kids at home. That’s not going away anytime soon.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "biden-is-canceling-up-to-10k-in-student-loans-20k-for-pell-grant-recipients",
"title": "Biden Is Canceling up to $10K in Student Loans, $20K for Pell Grant Recipients",
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"headTitle": "Biden Is Canceling up to $10K in Student Loans, $20K for Pell Grant Recipients | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cstrong>Updated August 24, 2022 at 1:18 PM ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, President Biden announced a sweeping effort to forgive up to $20,000 of federal student loan debt for Pell Grant recipients, and up to $10,000 for other qualifying borrowers. Biden also extended the federal student loan payment pause through Dec. 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In keeping with my campaign promise, my Administration is announcing a plan to give working and middle class families breathing room as they prepare to resume federal student loan payments in January 2023,” Biden said in a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/potus/status/1562462774969581570?s=21&t=UJK9CIR6nRX0gqdWgMR-mw\">tweet\u003c/a> on Wednesday.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[aside postID=news_11923443 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/Biden-Student-Debt-1020x678.jpg']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Secretary of Education Miguel Cardona said in a statement, “Today, we’re delivering targeted relief that will help ensure borrowers are not placed in a worse position financially because of the pandemic, and restore trust in a system that should be creating opportunity, not a debt trap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To qualify for the $10,000 forgiveness, individual borrowers must earn less than $125,000 a year, or less than $250,000 a year for couples. To qualify for the $20,000 forgiveness, borrowers must meet those income requirements and must have received a Pell Grant in college. Pell Grants are designed to \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/understand-aid/types/grants/pell\">help low-income students\u003c/a> pay for higher education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Education estimates that, among borrowers who are no longer in school, nearly 90% of relief dollars will go to those earning less than $75,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 43 million borrowers will benefit, and 20 million will have their debt completely canceled, according to a senior administration official. The White House said more than 60% of current federal student loan borrowers also received Pell Grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NPR/status/1562472935138664448\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to benefit from this announcement, most borrowers will have to submit an application to verify their income. The Education Department said nearly 8 million borrowers already have income information on file, and should qualify to have their debts canceled automatically. The department will announce further details on how borrowers can claim this relief in the weeks ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Some borrowers are celebrating, others hoped for more\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many borrowers are celebrating Biden’s announcement: Giselle Parks of Orlando, Florida, expects to have her $5,000 in student loan debt completely erased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"student-loans\"]“Holy cow,” she said. “Holy cow… I need to tell my family immediately!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trianna Downing in D.C. said she was in shock. “I can’t even process it yet… At first I was, like, dancing, and then I was like, wait, should I log into my account and see if it actually happened?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downing expects her debts to drop from $16,000 to $6,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some higher-debt borrowers were left disappointed, especially after a group of House and Senate Democrats \u003ca href=\"https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-schumer-pressley-colleagues-president-biden-can-and-should-use-executive-action-to-cancel-up-to-50000-in-federal-student-loan-debt-immediately\">had called on Biden\u003c/a> to cancel $50,000 in federal student debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to be excited about it,” says Briana Ford of Columbia, S.C. She owes almost $60,000 in student loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t give it back, but it’s hard to be excited about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans aren’t too excited either. They’ve long argued against broad-based loan forgiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a slap in the face to those who never went to college, as well as borrowers who upheld their responsibility to taxpayers and paid back their loans,” said Rep. Virginia Foxx of North Carolina, the top Republican on the House Education Committee, in a Tuesday night statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many economists and higher education experts also opposed the move, arguing that widespread debt cancellation would do nothing to fix the rising costs of college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.crfb.org/blogs/means-testing-student-debt-cancellation-still-costly-and-regressive\">In a May analysis\u003c/a>, the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget estimated a policy like the one Biden announced would cost at least $230 billion, and warned that even income limits “would do almost nothing to alleviate the central issues with the policy, namely that it is regressive, inflationary, expensive, and would likely do more to increase the cost of higher education going forward than to reduce it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will it make inflation worse?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Experts have expressed concern that broad-based student loan forgiveness would exacerbate inflation, which is already one of Biden’s greatest political weaknesses heading into this fall’s midterm elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Student loan debt relief is spending that raises demand and increases inflation,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LHSummers/status/1561701544600428545?s=20&t=_cyMqGhYgwtjk-FRQ0undQ\">tweeted\u003c/a> former U.S. Treasury Secretary Lawrence Summers earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It consumes resources that could be better used helping those who did not, for whatever reason, have the chance to attend college. It will also tend to be inflationary by raising tuitions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summers’ opposition stirred considerable dissent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to tell a pretty bizarre story about expectations in order for loan forgiveness to boost inflation,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/dynarski/status/1562219895240237057\">responded\u003c/a> Susan Dynarski, an economist and professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one has been making student loan payments for two years. Forgiveness will *not* increase cash flow to borrowers right now. That increase in available cash happened *2 years ago* when payments were suspended.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Borrowers have been waiting years for loan forgiveness\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The loan forgiveness announcement comes more than two years after then-presidential candidate Joe Biden \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JoeBiden/status/1241869418981920769?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1241869418981920769%7Ctwgr%5Ef647c8db378a99325f87dac930be8cb62765aa1e%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2021%2F12%2F07%2F1062070001%2Fstudent-loan-forgiveness-debt-president-biden-campaign-promise\">pledged to cancel\u003c/a> at least $10,000 in federal student loans. The pledge has followed the administration since. Wednesday’s move comes after several extensions to the student loan moratorium, and attempts by some Democrats to expand forgiveness from the original plan to $50,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/17/1104920545/poll-student-loan-forgiveness\">NPR/Ipsos poll\u003c/a> found a majority of the general public (55%) supported forgiving up to $10,000 of a person’s federal student loan debt. But the more generous the relief, the more that support narrowed. Forty-seven percent of all respondents said they supported forgiving up to $50,000 in debt, while 41% expressed support for wiping the slate completely clean for all borrowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Support for debt relief was, not surprisingly, higher among borrowers themselves. But when asked to choose between debt forgiveness and addressing the high cost of college, an overwhelming majority — borrowers and non-borrowers alike — said addressing the rising cost of college was most important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Biden+is+canceling+up+to+%2410K+in+student+loans%2C+%2420K+for+Pell+Grant+recipients&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cstrong>Updated August 24, 2022 at 1:18 PM ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, President Biden announced a sweeping effort to forgive up to $20,000 of federal student loan debt for Pell Grant recipients, and up to $10,000 for other qualifying borrowers. Biden also extended the federal student loan payment pause through Dec. 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In keeping with my campaign promise, my Administration is announcing a plan to give working and middle class families breathing room as they prepare to resume federal student loan payments in January 2023,” Biden said in a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/potus/status/1562462774969581570?s=21&t=UJK9CIR6nRX0gqdWgMR-mw\">tweet\u003c/a> on Wednesday.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Secretary of Education Miguel Cardona said in a statement, “Today, we’re delivering targeted relief that will help ensure borrowers are not placed in a worse position financially because of the pandemic, and restore trust in a system that should be creating opportunity, not a debt trap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To qualify for the $10,000 forgiveness, individual borrowers must earn less than $125,000 a year, or less than $250,000 a year for couples. To qualify for the $20,000 forgiveness, borrowers must meet those income requirements and must have received a Pell Grant in college. Pell Grants are designed to \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/understand-aid/types/grants/pell\">help low-income students\u003c/a> pay for higher education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Education estimates that, among borrowers who are no longer in school, nearly 90% of relief dollars will go to those earning less than $75,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 43 million borrowers will benefit, and 20 million will have their debt completely canceled, according to a senior administration official. The White House said more than 60% of current federal student loan borrowers also received Pell Grants.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In order to benefit from this announcement, most borrowers will have to submit an application to verify their income. The Education Department said nearly 8 million borrowers already have income information on file, and should qualify to have their debts canceled automatically. The department will announce further details on how borrowers can claim this relief in the weeks ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Some borrowers are celebrating, others hoped for more\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many borrowers are celebrating Biden’s announcement: Giselle Parks of Orlando, Florida, expects to have her $5,000 in student loan debt completely erased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Holy cow,” she said. “Holy cow… I need to tell my family immediately!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trianna Downing in D.C. said she was in shock. “I can’t even process it yet… At first I was, like, dancing, and then I was like, wait, should I log into my account and see if it actually happened?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downing expects her debts to drop from $16,000 to $6,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some higher-debt borrowers were left disappointed, especially after a group of House and Senate Democrats \u003ca href=\"https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-schumer-pressley-colleagues-president-biden-can-and-should-use-executive-action-to-cancel-up-to-50000-in-federal-student-loan-debt-immediately\">had called on Biden\u003c/a> to cancel $50,000 in federal student debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to be excited about it,” says Briana Ford of Columbia, S.C. She owes almost $60,000 in student loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t give it back, but it’s hard to be excited about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans aren’t too excited either. They’ve long argued against broad-based loan forgiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a slap in the face to those who never went to college, as well as borrowers who upheld their responsibility to taxpayers and paid back their loans,” said Rep. Virginia Foxx of North Carolina, the top Republican on the House Education Committee, in a Tuesday night statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many economists and higher education experts also opposed the move, arguing that widespread debt cancellation would do nothing to fix the rising costs of college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.crfb.org/blogs/means-testing-student-debt-cancellation-still-costly-and-regressive\">In a May analysis\u003c/a>, the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget estimated a policy like the one Biden announced would cost at least $230 billion, and warned that even income limits “would do almost nothing to alleviate the central issues with the policy, namely that it is regressive, inflationary, expensive, and would likely do more to increase the cost of higher education going forward than to reduce it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will it make inflation worse?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Experts have expressed concern that broad-based student loan forgiveness would exacerbate inflation, which is already one of Biden’s greatest political weaknesses heading into this fall’s midterm elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Student loan debt relief is spending that raises demand and increases inflation,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LHSummers/status/1561701544600428545?s=20&t=_cyMqGhYgwtjk-FRQ0undQ\">tweeted\u003c/a> former U.S. Treasury Secretary Lawrence Summers earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It consumes resources that could be better used helping those who did not, for whatever reason, have the chance to attend college. It will also tend to be inflationary by raising tuitions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summers’ opposition stirred considerable dissent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to tell a pretty bizarre story about expectations in order for loan forgiveness to boost inflation,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/dynarski/status/1562219895240237057\">responded\u003c/a> Susan Dynarski, an economist and professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one has been making student loan payments for two years. Forgiveness will *not* increase cash flow to borrowers right now. That increase in available cash happened *2 years ago* when payments were suspended.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Borrowers have been waiting years for loan forgiveness\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The loan forgiveness announcement comes more than two years after then-presidential candidate Joe Biden \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JoeBiden/status/1241869418981920769?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1241869418981920769%7Ctwgr%5Ef647c8db378a99325f87dac930be8cb62765aa1e%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2021%2F12%2F07%2F1062070001%2Fstudent-loan-forgiveness-debt-president-biden-campaign-promise\">pledged to cancel\u003c/a> at least $10,000 in federal student loans. The pledge has followed the administration since. Wednesday’s move comes after several extensions to the student loan moratorium, and attempts by some Democrats to expand forgiveness from the original plan to $50,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/17/1104920545/poll-student-loan-forgiveness\">NPR/Ipsos poll\u003c/a> found a majority of the general public (55%) supported forgiving up to $10,000 of a person’s federal student loan debt. But the more generous the relief, the more that support narrowed. Forty-seven percent of all respondents said they supported forgiving up to $50,000 in debt, while 41% expressed support for wiping the slate completely clean for all borrowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Support for debt relief was, not surprisingly, higher among borrowers themselves. But when asked to choose between debt forgiveness and addressing the high cost of college, an overwhelming majority — borrowers and non-borrowers alike — said addressing the rising cost of college was most important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Biden+is+canceling+up+to+%2410K+in+student+loans%2C+%2420K+for+Pell+Grant+recipients&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California Colleges Kick Off New School Year With Few, if Any, COVID Restrictions",
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"content": "\u003cp>Students at California’s public colleges and universities will begin returning to campuses this month, and many of them will be welcomed back to full in-person classrooms, no mask mandates and few COVID-19 testing requirements. At some community colleges, students won’t even be required to be vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two years into the pandemic, COVID-19 restrictions have been significantly eased across the University of California, California State University and the state’s system of 116 community colleges, which together enroll some 2.5 million students. That’s the case even as the colleges prepare to deal with another virus — monkeypox — potentially spreading on their campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11911266,news_11900125\"]It’s a stark contrast to last fall when indoor mask mandates were the norm at colleges across the state and many campuses also routinely tested all students for the virus. Amid the threat of the delta variant at that time, campuses were also preparing to move classes online if necessary. At least one CSU campus, Stanislaus State, delayed in-person classes for about five weeks at the start of the fall 2021 term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The specific protocols in place this year vary across the campuses, especially at the 72 brick-and-mortar community college districts governed by locally elected boards. Some of those districts never had vaccine mandates, and some have rescinded vaccine mandates ahead of the fall term, which is underway at some colleges and begins later this month at others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Systemwide vaccine mandates are still in effect at UC and CSU, but many campuses in those systems no longer require students and staff to mask indoors and have stopped requiring students to be regularly tested for the virus. Fall classes have started at most CSU campuses and begin this week at two UC campuses, Merced and Berkeley. UC’s other seven undergraduate campuses are on the quarter calendar and resume classes in mid-September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923270\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11923270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"students walk through a plaza at UC Berkeley\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1761\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1536x1057.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-2048x1409.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1920x1321.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People walk through Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus. More than two years into the pandemic, COVID-19 restrictions have been significantly eased across the University of California system. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gone also are the days of online classes aimed at preventing the spread of the virus. UC and CSU are at full capacity in their dorms, are holding almost all classes face-to-face and have no plans to shift to online classes. A bigger share of community college courses are being offered remotely, but that’s largely due to student demand for online instruction and not due to COVID. Many community college students, who are typically older and often work or have family obligations, have told the colleges they prefer remote learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even campuses that want strict COVID restrictions are finding it difficult to keep them in place because, in many cases, it would run counter to public health guidance to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Contra Costa Community College District, home to three colleges, had an indoor mask mandate as recently as this summer but decided to lift that requirement ahead of the fall term to align with Contra Costa County’s public health department. Tim Leong, a spokesperson for the district, said district officials were torn over that decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are students and employees that still feel very concerned about their health, but we also are realistic to know that it’s hard to have an answer that’s going to win with every person,” Leong said. “I think to be the only entity that’s requiring masks — that’s difficult when everybody is running to places like the grocery store or the mall and there’s no mask mandate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fewer masks, less testing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many of the state’s other large community college districts also have done away with requiring masks, including the Los Angeles Community College District, the Sacramento-based Los Rios Community College District and the Fresno-based State Center Community College District.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Tim Leong, spokesperson, Contra Costa Community College District\"]‘It’s hard to have an answer that’s going to win with every person … [T]o be the only entity that’s requiring masks — that’s difficult when everybody is running to places like the grocery store or the mall and there’s no mask mandate.’[/pullquote]The same is true at many CSU campuses, including Maritime, Chico State and San Luis Obispo, as well as at UC campuses such as Davis and UCLA, which lifted its mandate on August 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just because masks aren’t required doesn’t mean they won’t be worn. Most campuses that aren’t mandating masks are still strongly recommending them. At UC Riverside, students living on campus are required to wear masks while moving into campus housing, but not after that. Riverside also didn’t have a mask mandate in the spring, but most students still have chosen to wear masks around the campus, said Sheila Hedayati, executive director of the Environmental Health and Safety department at the campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our students are fantastic and very conscientious. I see more masks than I see full faces,” Hedayati said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few colleges do still require indoor masking, including UC Irvine, which last month reinstated that requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the CSU system, Long Beach is among the campuses that will require masks indoors to start the new academic year because of an “ongoing wave of Covid-19 infections from the current dominant variant,” President Jane Close Conoley said in a message to the campus community earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether students need to be tested for the virus also depends on where they attend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some campuses, like College of the Canyons in northern Los Angeles County and Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, testing isn’t required. Other campuses, including those in the Los Rios and State Center community college districts, require routine testing only for students who aren’t vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few campuses, including UC Davis and UC Irvine, require students living in campus housing to be tested upon moving in, but routine testing isn’t mandated after that, except for unvaccinated students at Irvine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Riverside has one of the stricter testing policies in the state. In addition to requiring weekly testing of unvaccinated students, the campus also will mandate testing every two weeks for students living on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923283\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11923283\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-scaled.jpg\" alt='students walk in front of large letters that read \"UCR\" on the UC Riverside campus' width=\"2560\" height=\"1751\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-1020x698.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-1536x1051.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-2048x1401.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-1920x1313.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Riverside students walk past the UCR letters in the quad in 2021. The school is heading into the 2022-2023 academic year with one of the stricter testing policies in the state. \u003ccite>(Terry Pierson/The Press-Enterprise via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The easing of COVID-19 restrictions at some colleges also applies to vaccine rules. The state’s largest community college district, the Los Angeles district that’s home to nine colleges, rescinded its vaccine mandate over the summer, said William Boyer, a spokesperson for the district. The Coast Community College District, based in Orange County, also rescinded its vaccine mandate this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some community colleges, though, continue to require vaccines for students taking classes in person, including the Contra Costa, Los Rios and State Center districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The systemwide vaccine mandates at CSU and UC also remain in effect and soon may require an additional shot for students. Currently, both systems require students to have their booster shots, and a second booster could soon be available to college-age students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis officials are anticipating that a second booster will be available to students as soon as next month, said Cindy Schorzman, medical director of Student Health and Counseling Services. If that happens, students across UC would need to get the booster. Schorzman added that there likely will be a grace period for students, but it probably won’t be a long one.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Back to in-person classes, more online at community colleges\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Across UC and CSU, face-to-face instruction is the norm entering the new academic year. At Chico State, 80% of classes will be in person. At San Luis Obispo, about 98% of courses will be in-person, a 13% increase from last year. UC Irvine is holding all classes in person except for a few that are being held online for academic purposes and not for reasons related to the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Classes were also mostly held in person last fall, but with the delta variant spreading rapidly at that time, campus officials across UC and CSU were preparing to quickly pivot to online classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, moving courses online across the systems is highly unlikely, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think any of us really want to see a point where we go back to a stay-at-home situation, with online classes,” said David Souleles, director of UC Irvine’s COVID-19 response team. “Across the country, if you look at state and local governments, that’s not on the table for the most part.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Murphy, a spokesperson for Chico State, said the campus successfully held classes last year during the delta and omicron surges. Officials there are confident they can do the same this fall, though he added that “we have the mechanisms in place to change the mode of instruction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923284\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11923284\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"a young woman with dark hair in a green jacket sits with a black mask at a laptop\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1578\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-1020x629.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-1536x947.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-2048x1263.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-1920x1184.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First-year student Karla Pulgarin was among the students who attended in-person instruction at Los Angeles City College beginning in 2021. The Los Angeles Community College District, which includes nine schools, rescinded its vaccine mandate over the summer. \u003ccite>(Al Seib/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The situation is much different at most community colleges, which are still offering more courses online than before the pandemic. In the Los Rios district, 50% of classes are still being offered online, compared with 15% pre-pandemic. About half of courses are also online at College of the Canyons and the Los Angeles district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, those colleges are offering many online courses not for public health reasons, but because students have indicated they prefer remote classes. Community colleges across the state have suffered dramatic enrollment declines since the onset of the pandemic, with the system as a whole losing hundreds of thousands of students. Colleges are doing what they can to bring students back, and that often means offering online classes, which often receive more enrollments than in-person classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At College of the Canyons, about three-quarters of students attend part-time and are often “doing other things, like working or caring for family or both,” said Eric Harnish, a spokesperson for the college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, having the flexibility to attend online is something they really appreciate,” he added. “And by having significant numbers of classes online, we’re giving them the opportunity to actually attend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Monitoring monkeypox\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To varying degrees, many California colleges are ready to confront positive cases of the monkeypox virus on their campuses, which has already happened at a few universities across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with campuses across the three systems said they are consulting with their local health officials on plans and possible responses. Supply of the monkeypox vaccine is low across the country, but officials said they have requested vaccines as soon as they’re available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UC Davis, if a student believes they have monkeypox symptoms, that student will get a telehealth appointment and, if needed, will be tested for the virus. If that student needs treatment, the campus plans to work with Yolo County’s public health department to secure that treatment, or the student can get treated through UC Davis Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the experience of dealing with COVID-19 could help colleges respond to monkeypox, the virus also will present new challenges, said Souleles, the UC Irvine official. One of the main differences is that if a student contracts monkeypox, the isolation period could be much longer than is required for COVID. Instead of the five or seven days of isolation that COVID requires, a positive case of monkeypox could necessitate that a student isolates four to six weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to think through what that means and how that might be managed, like where that isolation takes place, whether it’s on campus or at home or case-by-case-dependent. So we’re making sure we have a plan and that we’re communicating that in advance of our return to fall, so that families and students know what to expect,” Souleles said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/california-colleges-open-for-fall-term-with-relaxed-covid-rules/677040\">\u003cem>This story was originally reported by EdSource.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "California Colleges Kick Off New School Year With Few, if Any, COVID Restrictions",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/author/mburke\">Michael Burke\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/author/asmith\">Ashley A. Smith\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Students at California’s public colleges and universities will begin returning to campuses this month, and many of them will be welcomed back to full in-person classrooms, no mask mandates and few COVID-19 testing requirements. At some community colleges, students won’t even be required to be vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two years into the pandemic, COVID-19 restrictions have been significantly eased across the University of California, California State University and the state’s system of 116 community colleges, which together enroll some 2.5 million students. That’s the case even as the colleges prepare to deal with another virus — monkeypox — potentially spreading on their campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It’s a stark contrast to last fall when indoor mask mandates were the norm at colleges across the state and many campuses also routinely tested all students for the virus. Amid the threat of the delta variant at that time, campuses were also preparing to move classes online if necessary. At least one CSU campus, Stanislaus State, delayed in-person classes for about five weeks at the start of the fall 2021 term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The specific protocols in place this year vary across the campuses, especially at the 72 brick-and-mortar community college districts governed by locally elected boards. Some of those districts never had vaccine mandates, and some have rescinded vaccine mandates ahead of the fall term, which is underway at some colleges and begins later this month at others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Systemwide vaccine mandates are still in effect at UC and CSU, but many campuses in those systems no longer require students and staff to mask indoors and have stopped requiring students to be regularly tested for the virus. Fall classes have started at most CSU campuses and begin this week at two UC campuses, Merced and Berkeley. UC’s other seven undergraduate campuses are on the quarter calendar and resume classes in mid-September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923270\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11923270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"students walk through a plaza at UC Berkeley\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1761\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1536x1057.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-2048x1409.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1920x1321.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People walk through Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus. More than two years into the pandemic, COVID-19 restrictions have been significantly eased across the University of California system. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gone also are the days of online classes aimed at preventing the spread of the virus. UC and CSU are at full capacity in their dorms, are holding almost all classes face-to-face and have no plans to shift to online classes. A bigger share of community college courses are being offered remotely, but that’s largely due to student demand for online instruction and not due to COVID. Many community college students, who are typically older and often work or have family obligations, have told the colleges they prefer remote learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even campuses that want strict COVID restrictions are finding it difficult to keep them in place because, in many cases, it would run counter to public health guidance to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Contra Costa Community College District, home to three colleges, had an indoor mask mandate as recently as this summer but decided to lift that requirement ahead of the fall term to align with Contra Costa County’s public health department. Tim Leong, a spokesperson for the district, said district officials were torn over that decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are students and employees that still feel very concerned about their health, but we also are realistic to know that it’s hard to have an answer that’s going to win with every person,” Leong said. “I think to be the only entity that’s requiring masks — that’s difficult when everybody is running to places like the grocery store or the mall and there’s no mask mandate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fewer masks, less testing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many of the state’s other large community college districts also have done away with requiring masks, including the Los Angeles Community College District, the Sacramento-based Los Rios Community College District and the Fresno-based State Center Community College District.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘It’s hard to have an answer that’s going to win with every person … [T]o be the only entity that’s requiring masks — that’s difficult when everybody is running to places like the grocery store or the mall and there’s no mask mandate.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The same is true at many CSU campuses, including Maritime, Chico State and San Luis Obispo, as well as at UC campuses such as Davis and UCLA, which lifted its mandate on August 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just because masks aren’t required doesn’t mean they won’t be worn. Most campuses that aren’t mandating masks are still strongly recommending them. At UC Riverside, students living on campus are required to wear masks while moving into campus housing, but not after that. Riverside also didn’t have a mask mandate in the spring, but most students still have chosen to wear masks around the campus, said Sheila Hedayati, executive director of the Environmental Health and Safety department at the campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our students are fantastic and very conscientious. I see more masks than I see full faces,” Hedayati said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few colleges do still require indoor masking, including UC Irvine, which last month reinstated that requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the CSU system, Long Beach is among the campuses that will require masks indoors to start the new academic year because of an “ongoing wave of Covid-19 infections from the current dominant variant,” President Jane Close Conoley said in a message to the campus community earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether students need to be tested for the virus also depends on where they attend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some campuses, like College of the Canyons in northern Los Angeles County and Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, testing isn’t required. Other campuses, including those in the Los Rios and State Center community college districts, require routine testing only for students who aren’t vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few campuses, including UC Davis and UC Irvine, require students living in campus housing to be tested upon moving in, but routine testing isn’t mandated after that, except for unvaccinated students at Irvine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Riverside has one of the stricter testing policies in the state. In addition to requiring weekly testing of unvaccinated students, the campus also will mandate testing every two weeks for students living on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923283\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11923283\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-scaled.jpg\" alt='students walk in front of large letters that read \"UCR\" on the UC Riverside campus' width=\"2560\" height=\"1751\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-1020x698.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-1536x1051.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-2048x1401.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1235588015-1920x1313.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Riverside students walk past the UCR letters in the quad in 2021. The school is heading into the 2022-2023 academic year with one of the stricter testing policies in the state. \u003ccite>(Terry Pierson/The Press-Enterprise via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The easing of COVID-19 restrictions at some colleges also applies to vaccine rules. The state’s largest community college district, the Los Angeles district that’s home to nine colleges, rescinded its vaccine mandate over the summer, said William Boyer, a spokesperson for the district. The Coast Community College District, based in Orange County, also rescinded its vaccine mandate this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some community colleges, though, continue to require vaccines for students taking classes in person, including the Contra Costa, Los Rios and State Center districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The systemwide vaccine mandates at CSU and UC also remain in effect and soon may require an additional shot for students. Currently, both systems require students to have their booster shots, and a second booster could soon be available to college-age students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis officials are anticipating that a second booster will be available to students as soon as next month, said Cindy Schorzman, medical director of Student Health and Counseling Services. If that happens, students across UC would need to get the booster. Schorzman added that there likely will be a grace period for students, but it probably won’t be a long one.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Back to in-person classes, more online at community colleges\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Across UC and CSU, face-to-face instruction is the norm entering the new academic year. At Chico State, 80% of classes will be in person. At San Luis Obispo, about 98% of courses will be in-person, a 13% increase from last year. UC Irvine is holding all classes in person except for a few that are being held online for academic purposes and not for reasons related to the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Classes were also mostly held in person last fall, but with the delta variant spreading rapidly at that time, campus officials across UC and CSU were preparing to quickly pivot to online classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, moving courses online across the systems is highly unlikely, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think any of us really want to see a point where we go back to a stay-at-home situation, with online classes,” said David Souleles, director of UC Irvine’s COVID-19 response team. “Across the country, if you look at state and local governments, that’s not on the table for the most part.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Murphy, a spokesperson for Chico State, said the campus successfully held classes last year during the delta and omicron surges. Officials there are confident they can do the same this fall, though he added that “we have the mechanisms in place to change the mode of instruction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923284\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11923284\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"a young woman with dark hair in a green jacket sits with a black mask at a laptop\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1578\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-1020x629.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-1536x947.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-2048x1263.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1234977936-1920x1184.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First-year student Karla Pulgarin was among the students who attended in-person instruction at Los Angeles City College beginning in 2021. The Los Angeles Community College District, which includes nine schools, rescinded its vaccine mandate over the summer. \u003ccite>(Al Seib/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The situation is much different at most community colleges, which are still offering more courses online than before the pandemic. In the Los Rios district, 50% of classes are still being offered online, compared with 15% pre-pandemic. About half of courses are also online at College of the Canyons and the Los Angeles district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, those colleges are offering many online courses not for public health reasons, but because students have indicated they prefer remote classes. Community colleges across the state have suffered dramatic enrollment declines since the onset of the pandemic, with the system as a whole losing hundreds of thousands of students. Colleges are doing what they can to bring students back, and that often means offering online classes, which often receive more enrollments than in-person classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At College of the Canyons, about three-quarters of students attend part-time and are often “doing other things, like working or caring for family or both,” said Eric Harnish, a spokesperson for the college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, having the flexibility to attend online is something they really appreciate,” he added. “And by having significant numbers of classes online, we’re giving them the opportunity to actually attend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Monitoring monkeypox\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To varying degrees, many California colleges are ready to confront positive cases of the monkeypox virus on their campuses, which has already happened at a few universities across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with campuses across the three systems said they are consulting with their local health officials on plans and possible responses. Supply of the monkeypox vaccine is low across the country, but officials said they have requested vaccines as soon as they’re available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UC Davis, if a student believes they have monkeypox symptoms, that student will get a telehealth appointment and, if needed, will be tested for the virus. If that student needs treatment, the campus plans to work with Yolo County’s public health department to secure that treatment, or the student can get treated through UC Davis Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the experience of dealing with COVID-19 could help colleges respond to monkeypox, the virus also will present new challenges, said Souleles, the UC Irvine official. One of the main differences is that if a student contracts monkeypox, the isolation period could be much longer than is required for COVID. Instead of the five or seven days of isolation that COVID requires, a positive case of monkeypox could necessitate that a student isolates four to six weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to think through what that means and how that might be managed, like where that isolation takes place, whether it’s on campus or at home or case-by-case-dependent. So we’re making sure we have a plan and that we’re communicating that in advance of our return to fall, so that families and students know what to expect,” Souleles said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/california-colleges-open-for-fall-term-with-relaxed-covid-rules/677040\">\u003cem>This story was originally reported by EdSource.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Threat of “Megafloods”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A new study indicates that California could be in for torrential storms that last for weeks, overwhelming rivers and devastating urban areas with a series of what scientists are dubbing “megafloods.” We talk to \u003c/span>\u003cb>UCLA climate scientist Daniel Swain\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> about how climate change is increasing the risk of catastrophic flooding that could “change the face of California forever” and how the state can best prepare.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>826 Valencia Celebrates 20 Years\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A pirate supply store and a tree house are just two ways in which a San Francisco-based nonprofit brings the wonder of writing to youth. Founded in 2002 by Bay Area author Dave Eggers and veteran public school teacher Nínive Calegari, 826 Valencia Street has inspired a national network of youth writing and publishing centers serving hundreds of thousands of students across the country. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nínive Calegari, 826 Valencia co-founder\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dave Eggers, 826 Valencia co-founder\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bita Nazarian, 826 Valencia executive director\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: San Francisco Women’s Building\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A home for emerging women-led projects since 1979, the San Francisco Women’s Building is covered in a vibrant mural celebrating the accomplishments of female role models. Completed in 1994, the mural depicts the likes of Georgia O’Keefe and Rigoberta Mench\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ú\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> alongside Aztec and Chinese goddesses. More than 170 organizations trace their roots to the building, one of the first women-owned-and-operated community centers in the country — and it’s this week’s Something Beautiful.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Threat of “Megafloods”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A new study indicates that California could be in for torrential storms that last for weeks, overwhelming rivers and devastating urban areas with a series of what scientists are dubbing “megafloods.” We talk to \u003c/span>\u003cb>UCLA climate scientist Daniel Swain\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> about how climate change is increasing the risk of catastrophic flooding that could “change the face of California forever” and how the state can best prepare.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>826 Valencia Celebrates 20 Years\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A pirate supply store and a tree house are just two ways in which a San Francisco-based nonprofit brings the wonder of writing to youth. Founded in 2002 by Bay Area author Dave Eggers and veteran public school teacher Nínive Calegari, 826 Valencia Street has inspired a national network of youth writing and publishing centers serving hundreds of thousands of students across the country. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nínive Calegari, 826 Valencia co-founder\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dave Eggers, 826 Valencia co-founder\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bita Nazarian, 826 Valencia executive director\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: San Francisco Women’s Building\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A home for emerging women-led projects since 1979, the San Francisco Women’s Building is covered in a vibrant mural celebrating the accomplishments of female role models. Completed in 1994, the mural depicts the likes of Georgia O’Keefe and Rigoberta Mench\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ú\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> alongside Aztec and Chinese goddesses. More than 170 organizations trace their roots to the building, one of the first women-owned-and-operated community centers in the country — and it’s this week’s Something Beautiful.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Gov. Gavin Newsom held \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwii7zCZmBM\">a press conference\u003c/a> at a Monterey County elementary school in May 2021, he announced historic funding for a pre-kindergarten grade, hailing his multibillion-dollar proposal as key to California’s pandemic recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Achieving universal access to transitional kindergarten for 4-year-olds, he said, “is so foundational and so important” toward narrowing the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2332858416657343\">readiness gap\u003c/a> between kids in lower-income families and those in middle-income families before their traditional schooling begins. Providing a free, high-quality early education program not only benefits youngsters but allows parents to return to the workforce, Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the beginning of a three-year, $2.7 billion plan to expand transitional kindergarten, or TK, is off to an uneven start. Administrators at some public school districts who had hoped expansion would offset the statewide decline in student enrollment are seeing low turnouts at the start of this school year. Other districts report high demand from parents seeking child care relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Early Childhood Education and Care' tag='early-childhood-education-and-care']In Salinas, about 400 students are eligible by age to enter transitional kindergarten, but less than half were enrolled when school began last week. It’s a sharp drop-off from pre-pandemic years, when nearly all children who were qualified for TK showed up, according to Jim Koenig, superintendent of Alisal Union School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the superintendent of the state’s largest school district, Los Angeles Unified, estimates that more than 10,000 school-age children weren’t registered for the school year that began Monday. He believes many of them are concentrated in the earliest grades, from transitional kindergarten through first grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re very concerned about that loss of enrollment because we’re not seeing a spike of enrollment in other school settings,” Alberto M. Carvahlo said at a recent news conference, referring to private and charter schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carvahlo said school administrators went into neighborhoods to track the missing students, and found that many of their families moved out of state or shifted to homeschooling. In some cases, older students were staying home to care for their younger siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participation in TK was rising statewide before COVID-19, but dropped by 23% for the 2020-21 school year. The greatest decline was among Black and Native American children and kids from lower-income families, according to an analysis of enrollment data by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/what-do-enrollment-declines-mean-for-transitional-kindergarten/\">Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The lingering toll of COVID\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the Salinas Valley, the coronavirus hit the working class hard — and the toll has lingered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alisal Union district serves about 7,500 students, mostly children of immigrants and farmworkers in East Salinas, 70% of whom are English learners. Koenig thinks some of these working parents are still worried about COVID. Salinas, about 85 miles southeast of San Francisco, is the most populous city in Monterey County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they’re just still concerned about enrolling these very young kids in school and possibly exposing them to the virus,” Koenig said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rate of COVID infection among farmworkers in the Salinas Valley was \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2784117&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1660681526314875&usg=AOvVaw0i9rhHkjup2AbnredunNuv\">four times higher\u003c/a> than in the rest of the local population during the later half of 2020, according to a study that suggested crowded housing as a contributing factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922723\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11922723\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut.jpg\" alt=\"a banner hangs on a school fence against a blue sky\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A banner hangs on the fence outside Jesse G. Sanchez Elementary School in Salinas, encouraging parents to enroll students. The area is home to many migrant workers who were hit hard by COVID, and some educators think low enrollment is due to fears about exposing kids to the virus. \u003ccite>(Daisy Nguyen/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.co.monterey.ca.us/government/departments-a-h/health/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-covid-19/2019-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-local-data/vaccines\">Only 5% of children under 4\u003c/a> in Monterey County have gotten the COVID vaccine, though it’s not clear whether that is driving under-enrollment. Nationwide, children are behind on routine immunizations against illnesses such as measles, mumps and pertussis, which are required to attend public school. In California, the COVID vaccine will not be a requirement for students until at least the 2023-24 school year. Many school districts have relaxed masking rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School is not mandatory in California until kids turn 6, but years of research have detailed how pre-kindergarten shapes young brains and \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/duke_prekstudy_final_4-4-17_hires.pdf\">advances children’s development\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Julie Ellis, administrator for the TK rollout at the Simi Valley Unified School District\"]‘Pre-K education (was) mostly available through private preschools. And now we have a public institution that’s welcoming these 4-year-olds. It kind of levels the playing field for students to have early access to public education.’[/pullquote]Transitional kindergarten was created in California a decade ago to provide an extra year of schooling for kids who narrowly miss the cutoff to go to kindergarten. Until now, only older 4-year-olds were eligible to participate. Under the expansion plan, districts must gradually add more children, grouping them by their birth months so that by fall 2025, anyone who turns 4 by Sept. 1 can go to TK. As the program increases in size, the student-to-teacher ratio must lower to 10-to-1 by 2025 to ensure students get the attention they need. This year, the ratio is 12-to-1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luz Alonso said she looked into enrolling her 4-year-old daughter at a school operated by Alisal Union School District, and asked a school official if there would be enough staff to assist her child with potty training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I asked for support, they just said, ‘Well, she’s just going to have to do it on her own.’ I was like, ‘Oh, my goodness, that’s not what I want for her. That’s not right. I mean, they are too little (for TK),’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alonso said she decided her child would be better off spending another year in a Head Start program, where class sizes are typically smaller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Leveling the playing field\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, school districts in San Diego and Simi Valley, which went ahead and accepted all 4-year-old children this school year, reported high application rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It shows how much the community needs it,” said Julie Ellis, who helped oversee the TK rollout at the Simi Valley Unified School District. “Pre-K education (was) mostly available through private preschools. And now we have a public institution that’s welcoming these 4-year-olds. It kind of levels the playing field for students to have early access to public education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922719\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11922719\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"a woman with black hair prepares an elementary school classroom with colorful decorations\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flordeliza Dalit prepares her transitional kindergarten classroom on July 29, 2022, before welcoming students at Jesse G. Sanchez Elementary School in Salinas. \u003ccite>(Daisy Nguyen/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Koenig said his district tried to get out information about the new program to the parent community by word of mouth and through a bilingual ad campaign on local television. The week before school started, teachers like Flordeliza Dalit held open houses to introduce themselves and their classrooms to new students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dalit is teaching the only TK classroom at Sanchez Elementary School in Salinas. Low enrollment led the school district to consolidate a TK classroom at another school with hers. Right before the school year began, she prepared homework folders and care packages stuffed with wooden puzzles, pencils, erasers and candy to welcome her new students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When some kids stopped coming to her spacious and colorful classroom last year, the 64-year-old teacher called parents to learn why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of these parents are migrant workers, so they work really early in the morning and the children had no one to drop them off,” Dalit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because TK will be most of her students’ first exposure to school or an adult who speaks English, she said she tries to make learning fun so children will hopefully want to come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She does this by providing a play-based curriculum where students are developing social-emotional, preliteracy and motor skills at their own pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t even know that they are learning,” Dalit said. “A lot of it is self-exploration and they are learning (by) themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Gov. Gavin Newsom held \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwii7zCZmBM\">a press conference\u003c/a> at a Monterey County elementary school in May 2021, he announced historic funding for a pre-kindergarten grade, hailing his multibillion-dollar proposal as key to California’s pandemic recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Achieving universal access to transitional kindergarten for 4-year-olds, he said, “is so foundational and so important” toward narrowing the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2332858416657343\">readiness gap\u003c/a> between kids in lower-income families and those in middle-income families before their traditional schooling begins. Providing a free, high-quality early education program not only benefits youngsters but allows parents to return to the workforce, Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the beginning of a three-year, $2.7 billion plan to expand transitional kindergarten, or TK, is off to an uneven start. Administrators at some public school districts who had hoped expansion would offset the statewide decline in student enrollment are seeing low turnouts at the start of this school year. Other districts report high demand from parents seeking child care relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In Salinas, about 400 students are eligible by age to enter transitional kindergarten, but less than half were enrolled when school began last week. It’s a sharp drop-off from pre-pandemic years, when nearly all children who were qualified for TK showed up, according to Jim Koenig, superintendent of Alisal Union School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the superintendent of the state’s largest school district, Los Angeles Unified, estimates that more than 10,000 school-age children weren’t registered for the school year that began Monday. He believes many of them are concentrated in the earliest grades, from transitional kindergarten through first grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re very concerned about that loss of enrollment because we’re not seeing a spike of enrollment in other school settings,” Alberto M. Carvahlo said at a recent news conference, referring to private and charter schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carvahlo said school administrators went into neighborhoods to track the missing students, and found that many of their families moved out of state or shifted to homeschooling. In some cases, older students were staying home to care for their younger siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participation in TK was rising statewide before COVID-19, but dropped by 23% for the 2020-21 school year. The greatest decline was among Black and Native American children and kids from lower-income families, according to an analysis of enrollment data by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/what-do-enrollment-declines-mean-for-transitional-kindergarten/\">Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The lingering toll of COVID\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the Salinas Valley, the coronavirus hit the working class hard — and the toll has lingered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alisal Union district serves about 7,500 students, mostly children of immigrants and farmworkers in East Salinas, 70% of whom are English learners. Koenig thinks some of these working parents are still worried about COVID. Salinas, about 85 miles southeast of San Francisco, is the most populous city in Monterey County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they’re just still concerned about enrolling these very young kids in school and possibly exposing them to the virus,” Koenig said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rate of COVID infection among farmworkers in the Salinas Valley was \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2784117&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1660681526314875&usg=AOvVaw0i9rhHkjup2AbnredunNuv\">four times higher\u003c/a> than in the rest of the local population during the later half of 2020, according to a study that suggested crowded housing as a contributing factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922723\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11922723\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut.jpg\" alt=\"a banner hangs on a school fence against a blue sky\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57715_IMG_0017-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A banner hangs on the fence outside Jesse G. Sanchez Elementary School in Salinas, encouraging parents to enroll students. The area is home to many migrant workers who were hit hard by COVID, and some educators think low enrollment is due to fears about exposing kids to the virus. \u003ccite>(Daisy Nguyen/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.co.monterey.ca.us/government/departments-a-h/health/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-covid-19/2019-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-local-data/vaccines\">Only 5% of children under 4\u003c/a> in Monterey County have gotten the COVID vaccine, though it’s not clear whether that is driving under-enrollment. Nationwide, children are behind on routine immunizations against illnesses such as measles, mumps and pertussis, which are required to attend public school. In California, the COVID vaccine will not be a requirement for students until at least the 2023-24 school year. Many school districts have relaxed masking rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School is not mandatory in California until kids turn 6, but years of research have detailed how pre-kindergarten shapes young brains and \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/duke_prekstudy_final_4-4-17_hires.pdf\">advances children’s development\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Transitional kindergarten was created in California a decade ago to provide an extra year of schooling for kids who narrowly miss the cutoff to go to kindergarten. Until now, only older 4-year-olds were eligible to participate. Under the expansion plan, districts must gradually add more children, grouping them by their birth months so that by fall 2025, anyone who turns 4 by Sept. 1 can go to TK. As the program increases in size, the student-to-teacher ratio must lower to 10-to-1 by 2025 to ensure students get the attention they need. This year, the ratio is 12-to-1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luz Alonso said she looked into enrolling her 4-year-old daughter at a school operated by Alisal Union School District, and asked a school official if there would be enough staff to assist her child with potty training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I asked for support, they just said, ‘Well, she’s just going to have to do it on her own.’ I was like, ‘Oh, my goodness, that’s not what I want for her. That’s not right. I mean, they are too little (for TK),’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alonso said she decided her child would be better off spending another year in a Head Start program, where class sizes are typically smaller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Leveling the playing field\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, school districts in San Diego and Simi Valley, which went ahead and accepted all 4-year-old children this school year, reported high application rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It shows how much the community needs it,” said Julie Ellis, who helped oversee the TK rollout at the Simi Valley Unified School District. “Pre-K education (was) mostly available through private preschools. And now we have a public institution that’s welcoming these 4-year-olds. It kind of levels the playing field for students to have early access to public education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922719\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11922719\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"a woman with black hair prepares an elementary school classroom with colorful decorations\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57713_FullSizeRender-2-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flordeliza Dalit prepares her transitional kindergarten classroom on July 29, 2022, before welcoming students at Jesse G. Sanchez Elementary School in Salinas. \u003ccite>(Daisy Nguyen/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Koenig said his district tried to get out information about the new program to the parent community by word of mouth and through a bilingual ad campaign on local television. The week before school started, teachers like Flordeliza Dalit held open houses to introduce themselves and their classrooms to new students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dalit is teaching the only TK classroom at Sanchez Elementary School in Salinas. Low enrollment led the school district to consolidate a TK classroom at another school with hers. Right before the school year began, she prepared homework folders and care packages stuffed with wooden puzzles, pencils, erasers and candy to welcome her new students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When some kids stopped coming to her spacious and colorful classroom last year, the 64-year-old teacher called parents to learn why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of these parents are migrant workers, so they work really early in the morning and the children had no one to drop them off,” Dalit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because TK will be most of her students’ first exposure to school or an adult who speaks English, she said she tries to make learning fun so children will hopefully want to come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She does this by providing a play-based curriculum where students are developing social-emotional, preliteracy and motor skills at their own pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t even know that they are learning,” Dalit said. “A lot of it is self-exploration and they are learning (by) themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Masuma Mohammadi has been at San José State University for all of five months now, by way of Turkey. “Afghan women have been completely removed from the structure of [public] life in Afghanistan,” Mohammadi said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Her work as a journalist and women’s rights activist put her in the Taliban’s target sites. She was a radio reporter for the United Nations News service for a show called “Hello, Countrymen, Countrywomen,” a popular program in Afghanistan. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was painful to leave everything behind,” \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mohammadi said.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">founded the Equality Social and Cultural Organization (ESCO) in 2011, which was active in supporting women journalists and strengthening their presence and media activities. I was also the owner and chief editor of Equality News Agency, based in Kabul, Afghanistan.”\u003c/span>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Halima Kazem-Stojanovic, journalism instructor and member of SJSU's Human Rights Institute\"]‘There’s still so much need to understand this country and this part of the world. And I would like to see native Afghans contribute to that … there’s room and space now for Afghans to do the work.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today, her research detailing the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/10/27/why-the-hazara-people-fear-genocide-in-afghanistan\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">persecution of the ethnic Hazara\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Afghanistan is work she could never do, let alone publicize, there. Furthermore, no non-Hazara could do this work as well as someone like Mohammadi can.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We don’t hear stories from people, stories from victims, what situation they are living under, what’s their problems, what’s their request from the U.S., from the international community. In this way, we raise their voices,” Mohammadi said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She’s hoping that the international community will not lose interest in Afghanistan now that the U.S. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">military \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">has pulled out. But in the meantime, she and her family are able to live, safely and un-silenced. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How she got here\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The program that installed Mohammadi here in the San Francisco Bay Area is the brainchild of Halima Kazem-Stojanovic, who was once a refugee herself, more than 40 years ago when Afghanistan fell to the Soviet Union.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My family came as Afghan political refugees, in what I call the first migration of Afghans into the United States,” said Kazem-Stojanovic. The family settled in San José just before she started kindergarten.\u003c/span>[aside postID=\"forum_2010101890166,forum_2010101889290,perspectives_201601142348\" label=\"Related Posts\"]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today, she’s an oral historian on Afghanistan at Stanford’s Hoover Institution, but for 10 years, she was a journalism and human rights professor at San José State — and a core faculty member of its \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/hri/afghan-scholars/index.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Human Rights Institute\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I’ve spent more of my time in Afghanistan than in the United States,” she said. “This has meant incredible opportunities to make very close friendships in Afghanistan. I trained more than 300 journalists in the last 20 years in Afghanistan. Many became wonderful friends, and that’s a very dear title we have among Afghans, when you’re considered a cousin, even though you’re not by blood.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://theworld.org/stories/2021-08-23/how-kabul-airport-went-calm-chaos\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kabul fell\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Taliban in mid-August of 2021, she received hundreds of messages on her WhatsApp and Signal accounts, like:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">‘How do we get out of here?’\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">‘Can you send money?’\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">‘I can’t go home.’\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kazem-Stojanovic said most of the people she was in contact with are in hiding. “A lot of them smashed their SIM cards,” she added. One photographer she knew dug a hole in his yard to bury his awards, including his Pulitzer Prize. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kazem-Stojanovic reached out to her network in the U.S. to help Afghan academics and journalists get out of the country — but also, to help people once they arrived here. As the child of an economics professor who couldn’t teach in America, she was keenly aware that these refugees would need financial and professional support to establish themselves on this side of the Pacific. And so began the Afghan Visiting Scholars program.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I thought, possibly, I could give some — a few — an opportunity not only to come here, but continue their public-facing work,” Kazem-Stojanovic said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11922471\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut-800x668.jpg\" alt=\"Two women stand in front of a university building with two people sitting in the background on green grass\" width=\"800\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut-800x668.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut-160x134.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut.jpg 985w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Halima Kazem-Stojanovic (right) and Masuma Mohammadi pose for a photo. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Halima Kazem-Stojanovic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She found ready collaborators at UC Berkeley’s Human Rights Center and her own San José State. The Human Rights Institute held a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://fb.watch/eNatqlp5PN/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">press conference\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> last May to welcome two scholars. In his introductory remarks, Director \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. William Armaline said, “We had an opportunity to play a role, and thanks to the courage and initiative of Halima and some others, we were able to step in and play a very, very small part in this much larger crisis\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.”\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/10JKCkRozNIYj0B7I2f1Sv?domain=fb.watch\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Afghan Visiting Scholars Program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One year later, she maintains a list of roughly 130 people waiting for academic visas, many of them in Pakistan, India and Turkey. Others are already in the U.S. on humanitarian parole, which allows them to stay for two years. How many scholars has she found placements for so far? About 15.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Together we quickly rolled out a crowdfunding campaign because universities work very slowly, the wheels don’t turn very fast and we were in an emergency. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We were in a crisis,” Kazem-Stojanovic said ruefully. “Gosh, I think we raised over $300,000. And that was the easy part because then it was, all right, well, how do we get people here?” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She added, “We thought that if we could reach out to members of Congress and senators with lists of people … but they couldn’t do very much. The evacuation lists were so long. There were so few places.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The list of schools that have taken on more Afghan scholars, and participated in the work involved to apply for J-1 academic visas and J-2 visas for immediate family members, is small but growing, including UC Berkeley and UC Santa Cruz, as well as Yale, Tennessee State and the University of Texas at El Paso. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“There’s still so much need to understand this country and this part of the world. And I would like to see native Afghans contribute to that,” Kazem-Stojanovic said. “So much of what’s published in the West is by non-Afghans — you know, a lot of American and European anthropologists and historians. And there’s room and space now for Afghans to do the work.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Afghan Visiting Scholars Program isn’t the only one of its kind. Stanford University is working with New York-based \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scholarsatrisk.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scholars at Risk\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://newuniversityinexileconsortium.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">New University in Exile Consortium\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> boasts nearly 60 universities around the world that have agreed to host displaced scholars from countries where their lives are in danger. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://refugeerights.org/news-resources/afghan-adjustment-cant-wait\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">International Refugee Assistance Project\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, an estimated 83,000 Afghans were evacuated to the United States, and about 76,000 of them do not have access to a pathway to permanent legal status. The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/bill-text-and-section-by-section-afghan-adjustment\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Afghan Adjustment Act\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, now pending on Capitol Hill, would allow them to apply for permanent legal residency, as happened for Vietnamese people after the conflict in Vietnam, and Kurds after the Iraq War. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Pass the Afghan Adjustment Act,” said Kazem-Stojanovic. “The people who are here have gone through so much. They need peace of mind. They need to know that their lives are secure in the future, and they will be wonderful, incredible assets to this country.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Masuma Mohammadi has been at San José State University for all of five months now, by way of Turkey. “Afghan women have been completely removed from the structure of [public] life in Afghanistan,” Mohammadi said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Her work as a journalist and women’s rights activist put her in the Taliban’s target sites. She was a radio reporter for the United Nations News service for a show called “Hello, Countrymen, Countrywomen,” a popular program in Afghanistan. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was painful to leave everything behind,” \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mohammadi said.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">founded the Equality Social and Cultural Organization (ESCO) in 2011, which was active in supporting women journalists and strengthening their presence and media activities. I was also the owner and chief editor of Equality News Agency, based in Kabul, Afghanistan.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today, her research detailing the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/10/27/why-the-hazara-people-fear-genocide-in-afghanistan\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">persecution of the ethnic Hazara\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Afghanistan is work she could never do, let alone publicize, there. Furthermore, no non-Hazara could do this work as well as someone like Mohammadi can.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We don’t hear stories from people, stories from victims, what situation they are living under, what’s their problems, what’s their request from the U.S., from the international community. In this way, we raise their voices,” Mohammadi said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She’s hoping that the international community will not lose interest in Afghanistan now that the U.S. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">military \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">has pulled out. But in the meantime, she and her family are able to live, safely and un-silenced. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How she got here\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The program that installed Mohammadi here in the San Francisco Bay Area is the brainchild of Halima Kazem-Stojanovic, who was once a refugee herself, more than 40 years ago when Afghanistan fell to the Soviet Union.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My family came as Afghan political refugees, in what I call the first migration of Afghans into the United States,” said Kazem-Stojanovic. The family settled in San José just before she started kindergarten.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today, she’s an oral historian on Afghanistan at Stanford’s Hoover Institution, but for 10 years, she was a journalism and human rights professor at San José State — and a core faculty member of its \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/hri/afghan-scholars/index.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Human Rights Institute\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I’ve spent more of my time in Afghanistan than in the United States,” she said. “This has meant incredible opportunities to make very close friendships in Afghanistan. I trained more than 300 journalists in the last 20 years in Afghanistan. Many became wonderful friends, and that’s a very dear title we have among Afghans, when you’re considered a cousin, even though you’re not by blood.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://theworld.org/stories/2021-08-23/how-kabul-airport-went-calm-chaos\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kabul fell\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Taliban in mid-August of 2021, she received hundreds of messages on her WhatsApp and Signal accounts, like:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">‘How do we get out of here?’\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">‘Can you send money?’\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">‘I can’t go home.’\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kazem-Stojanovic said most of the people she was in contact with are in hiding. “A lot of them smashed their SIM cards,” she added. One photographer she knew dug a hole in his yard to bury his awards, including his Pulitzer Prize. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kazem-Stojanovic reached out to her network in the U.S. to help Afghan academics and journalists get out of the country — but also, to help people once they arrived here. As the child of an economics professor who couldn’t teach in America, she was keenly aware that these refugees would need financial and professional support to establish themselves on this side of the Pacific. And so began the Afghan Visiting Scholars program.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I thought, possibly, I could give some — a few — an opportunity not only to come here, but continue their public-facing work,” Kazem-Stojanovic said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11922471\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut-800x668.jpg\" alt=\"Two women stand in front of a university building with two people sitting in the background on green grass\" width=\"800\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut-800x668.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut-160x134.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS57769_ED84C3D8-EA04-4364-B8D8-E9F74848AB92_1_201_a-qut.jpg 985w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Halima Kazem-Stojanovic (right) and Masuma Mohammadi pose for a photo. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Halima Kazem-Stojanovic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She found ready collaborators at UC Berkeley’s Human Rights Center and her own San José State. The Human Rights Institute held a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://fb.watch/eNatqlp5PN/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">press conference\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> last May to welcome two scholars. In his introductory remarks, Director \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. William Armaline said, “We had an opportunity to play a role, and thanks to the courage and initiative of Halima and some others, we were able to step in and play a very, very small part in this much larger crisis\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.”\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/10JKCkRozNIYj0B7I2f1Sv?domain=fb.watch\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Afghan Visiting Scholars Program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One year later, she maintains a list of roughly 130 people waiting for academic visas, many of them in Pakistan, India and Turkey. Others are already in the U.S. on humanitarian parole, which allows them to stay for two years. How many scholars has she found placements for so far? About 15.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Together we quickly rolled out a crowdfunding campaign because universities work very slowly, the wheels don’t turn very fast and we were in an emergency. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We were in a crisis,” Kazem-Stojanovic said ruefully. “Gosh, I think we raised over $300,000. And that was the easy part because then it was, all right, well, how do we get people here?” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She added, “We thought that if we could reach out to members of Congress and senators with lists of people … but they couldn’t do very much. The evacuation lists were so long. There were so few places.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The list of schools that have taken on more Afghan scholars, and participated in the work involved to apply for J-1 academic visas and J-2 visas for immediate family members, is small but growing, including UC Berkeley and UC Santa Cruz, as well as Yale, Tennessee State and the University of Texas at El Paso. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“There’s still so much need to understand this country and this part of the world. And I would like to see native Afghans contribute to that,” Kazem-Stojanovic said. “So much of what’s published in the West is by non-Afghans — you know, a lot of American and European anthropologists and historians. And there’s room and space now for Afghans to do the work.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Afghan Visiting Scholars Program isn’t the only one of its kind. Stanford University is working with New York-based \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scholarsatrisk.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scholars at Risk\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://newuniversityinexileconsortium.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">New University in Exile Consortium\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> boasts nearly 60 universities around the world that have agreed to host displaced scholars from countries where their lives are in danger. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://refugeerights.org/news-resources/afghan-adjustment-cant-wait\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">International Refugee Assistance Project\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, an estimated 83,000 Afghans were evacuated to the United States, and about 76,000 of them do not have access to a pathway to permanent legal status. The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/bill-text-and-section-by-section-afghan-adjustment\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Afghan Adjustment Act\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, now pending on Capitol Hill, would allow them to apply for permanent legal residency, as happened for Vietnamese people after the conflict in Vietnam, and Kurds after the Iraq War. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Pass the Afghan Adjustment Act,” said Kazem-Stojanovic. “The people who are here have gone through so much. They need peace of mind. They need to know that their lives are secure in the future, and they will be wonderful, incredible assets to this country.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Universal Transitional Kindergarten in California: How Parents Can Get Their Kids Ready",
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"content": "\u003cp>Going back to school is always a bit of a sticky transition. But for many, this year brings more to worry about — from teacher shortages to mask rules — than the usual concerns. On top of all that, there are many more children who will be going to \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/universal-transitional-kindergarten-quick-guide/662318\">transitional kindergarten\u003c/a> (TK) in California this year because of expanded age guidelines. These children are younger than the usual TK cohort of almost 5-year-old children who just missed the cutoff for kindergarten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"mindshift_49130,news_11893791\"]Paula Merrigan, for one, is up for the challenge. A \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/one-early-educator-explains-the-importance-of-transitional-kindergarten/664899\">veteran early childhood educator\u003c/a> with 15 years teaching kindergarten and TK in the Castro Valley Unified School District, she’s long been a champion of making transitional kindergarten, a stepping-stone between preschool and kindergarten, available to more children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/gs/em/kinderfaq.asp\">universal transitional kindergarten program\u003c/a> is being gradually phased in until it includes all the state’s 4-year-olds by the 2025-26 school year. In the 2022–23 school year, children who will turn 5 between September and Feb. 2 are eligible for TK. In the 2023–24 school year, children who will turn 5 between Sept. 2 and April 2 are eligible for TK.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merrigan recently took a few minutes out from her back-to-school preparations to share some of her tips for parents on how to help their children get ready for TK this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What should parents know as they try to support kids who are younger than usual starting TK? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they haven’t been going to day care or preschool, they will probably have a hard time separating from you. It’s normal, and it may last a few days, but it gets better and easier. Just say your goodbyes and let the teacher or staff handle it. The longer you linger, the harder it is on both of you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What should parents keep in mind? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Create routines you can stick with. Bedtime should be at a reasonable time for young kids (lights out by 8:30 p.m., not starting getting ready for bed at 8:30 p.m.). Well-rested children perform better at school. Have them set out their wardrobe for the next day so you don’t have arguments over what they are going to wear. Let them have some autonomy. It gives them a sense of power over something small. Teachers don’t care if they come to school in polka dots and stripes with zigzags. It actually makes us smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is there stuff parents should practice with their kids? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Give them safety scissors (blunt-tip kid scissors) and have them practice cutting magazines, drawn lines, newspapers, etc. You’d be surprised how many students we see who don’t have any idea how to hold scissors, let alone use them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Practice using a glue stick so they know how to use it in class. Let them create collages with all that cut-up paper and pictures from their scissors practicing. Practice the proper grip with a pencil; small pencils are perfect for their little hands (golf-pencil size). Playing with Legos and Play-Doh, or picking up small things like pony beads, beans or small pasta, etc., is great for practicing fine motor skills and building up hand strength.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Should they work on things like early reading or early math? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Write their name with a highlighter and have them practice tracing their name. Talk about the letters in their name so they know what letters they are writing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11892267,news_11921165\"]They don’t need to be reading yet, but parents and guardians need to be reading to them every single day. It’s great bonding time and shows them you value reading as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Math is easier: counting things around the house, talking about what’s bigger or smaller, longer or taller, heavier or lighter, etc. Count with them as they pick up things that they are playing with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m a huge fan of “Sesame Street.” They are always practicing pre-academic skills on the show in a fun, young kid-friendly manner. That’s a great show to watch with your child, or at least in proximity, so you can talk about what’s happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How important is it to talk about sharing or lining up at school?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I always tell my students that sharing does not mean, “Give it to me now because I want it!” Sharing means, “May I have that when you’re done using it?” That’s an important thing to explain to your children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lining up. Explain you won’t always be the first one in line and that’s OK. I always tell my students we are all going to the same place to do the same thing, so it doesn’t matter where you are in line. Teach them about personal space and to tell others if they are getting in your space, but don’t push someone who is in your space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is the hardest part for most kids about starting TK? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the separation from their parents and guardians. Some kids take a few weeks to adjust to their new routine. It’s normal. Eventually, they will rush from their parents to run into class without even looking back to say goodbye. That’s a hard one for parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know I will have crying students and crying parents, kiddos who can’t write their names, don’t know how to hold a pencil, have never held scissors, don’t understand sharing, etc. And it’s OK, that’s why I’m there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/what-parents-should-know-about-getting-kids-ready-for-transitional-kindergarten/676655\">This story was originally published by EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "With expanded age guidelines statewide, more kids are starting TK this month than ever before. Here are tips from one early childhood educator for getting off to a smooth start.",
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"title": "Universal Transitional Kindergarten in California: How Parents Can Get Their Kids Ready | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Paula Merrigan, for one, is up for the challenge. A \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/one-early-educator-explains-the-importance-of-transitional-kindergarten/664899\">veteran early childhood educator\u003c/a> with 15 years teaching kindergarten and TK in the Castro Valley Unified School District, she’s long been a champion of making transitional kindergarten, a stepping-stone between preschool and kindergarten, available to more children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/gs/em/kinderfaq.asp\">universal transitional kindergarten program\u003c/a> is being gradually phased in until it includes all the state’s 4-year-olds by the 2025-26 school year. In the 2022–23 school year, children who will turn 5 between September and Feb. 2 are eligible for TK. In the 2023–24 school year, children who will turn 5 between Sept. 2 and April 2 are eligible for TK.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merrigan recently took a few minutes out from her back-to-school preparations to share some of her tips for parents on how to help their children get ready for TK this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What should parents know as they try to support kids who are younger than usual starting TK? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they haven’t been going to day care or preschool, they will probably have a hard time separating from you. It’s normal, and it may last a few days, but it gets better and easier. Just say your goodbyes and let the teacher or staff handle it. The longer you linger, the harder it is on both of you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What should parents keep in mind? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Create routines you can stick with. Bedtime should be at a reasonable time for young kids (lights out by 8:30 p.m., not starting getting ready for bed at 8:30 p.m.). Well-rested children perform better at school. Have them set out their wardrobe for the next day so you don’t have arguments over what they are going to wear. Let them have some autonomy. It gives them a sense of power over something small. Teachers don’t care if they come to school in polka dots and stripes with zigzags. It actually makes us smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is there stuff parents should practice with their kids? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Give them safety scissors (blunt-tip kid scissors) and have them practice cutting magazines, drawn lines, newspapers, etc. You’d be surprised how many students we see who don’t have any idea how to hold scissors, let alone use them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Practice using a glue stick so they know how to use it in class. Let them create collages with all that cut-up paper and pictures from their scissors practicing. Practice the proper grip with a pencil; small pencils are perfect for their little hands (golf-pencil size). Playing with Legos and Play-Doh, or picking up small things like pony beads, beans or small pasta, etc., is great for practicing fine motor skills and building up hand strength.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Should they work on things like early reading or early math? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Write their name with a highlighter and have them practice tracing their name. Talk about the letters in their name so they know what letters they are writing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>They don’t need to be reading yet, but parents and guardians need to be reading to them every single day. It’s great bonding time and shows them you value reading as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Math is easier: counting things around the house, talking about what’s bigger or smaller, longer or taller, heavier or lighter, etc. Count with them as they pick up things that they are playing with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m a huge fan of “Sesame Street.” They are always practicing pre-academic skills on the show in a fun, young kid-friendly manner. That’s a great show to watch with your child, or at least in proximity, so you can talk about what’s happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How important is it to talk about sharing or lining up at school?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I always tell my students that sharing does not mean, “Give it to me now because I want it!” Sharing means, “May I have that when you’re done using it?” That’s an important thing to explain to your children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lining up. Explain you won’t always be the first one in line and that’s OK. I always tell my students we are all going to the same place to do the same thing, so it doesn’t matter where you are in line. Teach them about personal space and to tell others if they are getting in your space, but don’t push someone who is in your space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is the hardest part for most kids about starting TK? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the separation from their parents and guardians. Some kids take a few weeks to adjust to their new routine. It’s normal. Eventually, they will rush from their parents to run into class without even looking back to say goodbye. That’s a hard one for parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know I will have crying students and crying parents, kiddos who can’t write their names, don’t know how to hold a pencil, have never held scissors, don’t understand sharing, etc. And it’s OK, that’s why I’m there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/what-parents-should-know-about-getting-kids-ready-for-transitional-kindergarten/676655\">This story was originally published by EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "'A Slap in the Face': SFUSD Students Respond to Ann Hsu's Racist Comments",
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"content": "\u003cp>Adults, from parents to city officials, have weighed in on San Francisco School Board Commissioner Ann Hsu’s comments disparaging Black and brown families as not valuing their children’s education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the voice of students has been glaringly missing from the conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you work for the Board of Education, you shouldn’t be making comments like that,” said Selser Seth, a Black 17-year-old. “And if you’re going to work for the kids, you should work for all of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the San Francisco Board of Education voted unanimously to admonish Hsu for her racist comments. It is also considering an official censure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the board meeting, parents shouted over one another, prompting commissioner Jenny Lam to call for a recess. Black and brown parents yelled “racists!” while Asian parents yelled “support Ann Hsu!”[pullquote size='medium' citation='Briseis Portillo, 16, Salvadoran American']‘It was kind of like a slap in the face.’[/pullquote]Three teenagers who attend San Francisco Unified School District high schools spoke with KQED to share their reactions to Hsu’s comments. Uniformly, the teenagers felt her characterization of Black and Latinx families was simply untrue – especially when it comes to their own families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>What did Hsu say?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As part of a school board candidate survey Hsu filled out for a parent advocacy group ahead of the November 2022 election, \u003ca href=\"https://secureservercdn.net/45.40.152.202/o40.3f1.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/FORMATTED-Ann-Hsu-English.pdf\">she wrote that Black and brown families do not adequately support their children’s educations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement came in response to a question about how she would improve outcomes among marginalized students in San Francisco. Hsu wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“From my very limited exposure in the past four months to the challenges of educating marginalized students especially in the black and brown community, I see one of the biggest challenges as being the lack of family support for those students. Unstable family environments caused by housing and food insecurity along with lack of parental encouragement to focus on learning cause children to not be able to focus on or value learning. That makes teachers’ work harder because they have to take care of emotional and behavioral issues of students before they can teach them. That is not fair to the teachers.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AnnforSFboe/status/1549501661609021445?t=xQr6BKHrTlnKUeDceV_Yog&s=19\">Hsu apologized for her comments on Twitter\u003c/a> as soon as they surfaced publicly. At last week’s board meeting, she apologized in person and even voted alongside her colleagues for her own admonishment. More than a dozen organizations and city officials have called on Hsu to resign from office. A growing number of organizations and officials, including Mayor London Breed, have publicly said Hsu should remain in office and use the opportunity to grow and learn from her mistakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Students reflect on Hsu’s comments\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The youth leaders we spoke with work with two organizations: the \u003ca href=\"https://cpasf.org\">Chinese Progressive Association\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://colemanadvocates.org\">Coleman Advocates for Children & Youth\u003c/a>. Neither organization has taken a position on whether Hsu should resign, though Coleman Advocates has issued statements condemning the remarks. The organizations often take their cues from their youth leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each student expressed concerns that harmful stereotypes would influence Hsu’s decision-making on the San Francisco Board of Education, imperiling their peers through bad policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Selser Seth wanted to correct the record — Black families absolutely value learning. Her mother cares a lot about education, she says, and always pushes her for high grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seth says she enjoys both music and science. She was a DJ spinning tracks for dancers at the Carnaval San Francisco festival in May, and she also shared a story of academic delight — when she recently got to dissect a pregnant shark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had a scalpel, and we had a little tray, and just cut the stomach and cut the tissues,” she said. She enjoyed learning about the baby shark in a hands-on way, although, she admits, “it was pretty messy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seth felt Hsu’s comments not only failed to describe other Black students, but made her feel she had less representation on the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Briseis Portillo, a 16-year-old Salvadoran American, felt the Latinx community was unjustly judged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was kind of like a slap in the face,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portillo says Hsu understands she was wrong, but it still caused harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think racism should not be tolerated at all,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portillo said she met Hsu through Coleman Advocates about a week prior to her racist comments surfacing in the public. After they surfaced, students from Coleman Advocates have said they hope their current proposal to allow SFUSD public school students to vote on Board of Education proposals would counterbalance any policy choices Hsu made that would run afoul of Black and Latinx communities.[aside postID='news_11920452']Last, Yvonne Dong, a 17-year-old Asian American of Chinese and Vietnamese descent, worried Hsu may not be able to understand the needs of various communities of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While she is on the Board of Education, she is able to make a lot of powerful decisions. And people on the board are intended to represent all the communities in San Francisco,” Dong said. “It’s really concerning to know that she would write that when she’s supposed to represent all communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dong recently read \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3bixwrFEPo\">“Pedagogy of the Oppressed” by Paulo Freire\u003c/a>, and says dealing with racism should always involve restorative justice, which means reflection and action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The apology is only part of the process,” she said. “I just feel like it’s only part of the reflection. And there hasn’t been any. There hasn’t been enough action yet to really complete the transformation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reflection part, she says, means asking oneself why — why would I do something racist? What are the root causes within myself of these comments?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then action is,” Dong said, “holding yourself accountable to changing your values to help everyone around you and to be more open to other communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"mceTemp\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11922097\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-800x502.jpg\" alt=\"An Asian woman with short black hair and holding a microphone wears a red leather jacket, red sunglasses on top of her head, and a red, yellow and purple scarf.\" width=\"800\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-800x502.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-1020x640.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-1536x963.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ann Hsu speaks during a press conference held by the Chinese/API Voter Outreach Taskforce on the steps of the Asian Art Museum in San Francisco on Jan. 14, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Pushing back on hurtful stereotypes\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Dong noted her community wasn’t singled out by Hsu’s comments. Nonetheless, the ongoing controversies at the Board of Education do take their toll on her.[aside postID='news_11907806']“As a student, it’s overwhelming to hear. Like there’s always something on in the news about them,” she said. “It’s hard to trust my future and education with this school board because at this point, it’s hard to figure out what’s really happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the students — Dong and Portillo — agreed they had seen stereotypes at play in their own schools. And they worried Hsu’s views would exacerbate those divisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dong says that, as an Asian person, she has been given some favorable treatment by teachers over her Black and Latinx peers, and often sees racial tensions between ethnic groups in her neighborhood, Visitacion Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I definitely feel like I have more privilege over certain communities,” Dong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portillo said she had a favorable experience at schools that were largely Latinx. But when attending other schools with more mixed populations, she felt like she was often under a microscope due to her ethnicity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It kind of feels like your education isn’t valued because you’re always being targeted or you’re always being pushed out,” she said. “Or there’s something always happening instead of actually you getting your education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seth didn’t feel as if she’d seen racial stereotypes in her daily life, like the other students we spoke to. But she knows the sting of hate, having been bullied in middle and elementary school by kids who didn’t approve of her being a girl with romantic interest in other girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that’s me personally, it didn’t affect me as much as it affects the average person,” Seth said, of Hsu’s comments, partially because she’s a person who tends to “go with the flow.” But even though the comments didn’t affect her personally, she said, that doesn’t mean it didn’t affect her community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bottom line,” Seth said, “I just think it’s wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Adults, from parents to city officials, have weighed in on San Francisco School Board Commissioner Ann Hsu’s comments disparaging Black and brown families as not valuing their children’s education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the voice of students has been glaringly missing from the conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you work for the Board of Education, you shouldn’t be making comments like that,” said Selser Seth, a Black 17-year-old. “And if you’re going to work for the kids, you should work for all of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the San Francisco Board of Education voted unanimously to admonish Hsu for her racist comments. It is also considering an official censure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the board meeting, parents shouted over one another, prompting commissioner Jenny Lam to call for a recess. Black and brown parents yelled “racists!” while Asian parents yelled “support Ann Hsu!”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘It was kind of like a slap in the face.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Three teenagers who attend San Francisco Unified School District high schools spoke with KQED to share their reactions to Hsu’s comments. Uniformly, the teenagers felt her characterization of Black and Latinx families was simply untrue – especially when it comes to their own families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>What did Hsu say?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As part of a school board candidate survey Hsu filled out for a parent advocacy group ahead of the November 2022 election, \u003ca href=\"https://secureservercdn.net/45.40.152.202/o40.3f1.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/FORMATTED-Ann-Hsu-English.pdf\">she wrote that Black and brown families do not adequately support their children’s educations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement came in response to a question about how she would improve outcomes among marginalized students in San Francisco. Hsu wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“From my very limited exposure in the past four months to the challenges of educating marginalized students especially in the black and brown community, I see one of the biggest challenges as being the lack of family support for those students. Unstable family environments caused by housing and food insecurity along with lack of parental encouragement to focus on learning cause children to not be able to focus on or value learning. That makes teachers’ work harder because they have to take care of emotional and behavioral issues of students before they can teach them. That is not fair to the teachers.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AnnforSFboe/status/1549501661609021445?t=xQr6BKHrTlnKUeDceV_Yog&s=19\">Hsu apologized for her comments on Twitter\u003c/a> as soon as they surfaced publicly. At last week’s board meeting, she apologized in person and even voted alongside her colleagues for her own admonishment. More than a dozen organizations and city officials have called on Hsu to resign from office. A growing number of organizations and officials, including Mayor London Breed, have publicly said Hsu should remain in office and use the opportunity to grow and learn from her mistakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Students reflect on Hsu’s comments\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The youth leaders we spoke with work with two organizations: the \u003ca href=\"https://cpasf.org\">Chinese Progressive Association\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://colemanadvocates.org\">Coleman Advocates for Children & Youth\u003c/a>. Neither organization has taken a position on whether Hsu should resign, though Coleman Advocates has issued statements condemning the remarks. The organizations often take their cues from their youth leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each student expressed concerns that harmful stereotypes would influence Hsu’s decision-making on the San Francisco Board of Education, imperiling their peers through bad policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Selser Seth wanted to correct the record — Black families absolutely value learning. Her mother cares a lot about education, she says, and always pushes her for high grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seth says she enjoys both music and science. She was a DJ spinning tracks for dancers at the Carnaval San Francisco festival in May, and she also shared a story of academic delight — when she recently got to dissect a pregnant shark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had a scalpel, and we had a little tray, and just cut the stomach and cut the tissues,” she said. She enjoyed learning about the baby shark in a hands-on way, although, she admits, “it was pretty messy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seth felt Hsu’s comments not only failed to describe other Black students, but made her feel she had less representation on the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Briseis Portillo, a 16-year-old Salvadoran American, felt the Latinx community was unjustly judged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was kind of like a slap in the face,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portillo says Hsu understands she was wrong, but it still caused harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think racism should not be tolerated at all,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portillo said she met Hsu through Coleman Advocates about a week prior to her racist comments surfacing in the public. After they surfaced, students from Coleman Advocates have said they hope their current proposal to allow SFUSD public school students to vote on Board of Education proposals would counterbalance any policy choices Hsu made that would run afoul of Black and Latinx communities.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Last, Yvonne Dong, a 17-year-old Asian American of Chinese and Vietnamese descent, worried Hsu may not be able to understand the needs of various communities of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While she is on the Board of Education, she is able to make a lot of powerful decisions. And people on the board are intended to represent all the communities in San Francisco,” Dong said. “It’s really concerning to know that she would write that when she’s supposed to represent all communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dong recently read \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3bixwrFEPo\">“Pedagogy of the Oppressed” by Paulo Freire\u003c/a>, and says dealing with racism should always involve restorative justice, which means reflection and action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The apology is only part of the process,” she said. “I just feel like it’s only part of the reflection. And there hasn’t been any. There hasn’t been enough action yet to really complete the transformation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reflection part, she says, means asking oneself why — why would I do something racist? What are the root causes within myself of these comments?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then action is,” Dong said, “holding yourself accountable to changing your values to help everyone around you and to be more open to other communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"mceTemp\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11922097\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-800x502.jpg\" alt=\"An Asian woman with short black hair and holding a microphone wears a red leather jacket, red sunglasses on top of her head, and a red, yellow and purple scarf.\" width=\"800\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-800x502.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-1020x640.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724-1536x963.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS53041_003_KQED_BethLaBerge_SchoolBoardRecallPresser_01142022-qut-e1660091672724.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ann Hsu speaks during a press conference held by the Chinese/API Voter Outreach Taskforce on the steps of the Asian Art Museum in San Francisco on Jan. 14, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Pushing back on hurtful stereotypes\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Dong noted her community wasn’t singled out by Hsu’s comments. Nonetheless, the ongoing controversies at the Board of Education do take their toll on her.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“As a student, it’s overwhelming to hear. Like there’s always something on in the news about them,” she said. “It’s hard to trust my future and education with this school board because at this point, it’s hard to figure out what’s really happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the students — Dong and Portillo — agreed they had seen stereotypes at play in their own schools. And they worried Hsu’s views would exacerbate those divisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dong says that, as an Asian person, she has been given some favorable treatment by teachers over her Black and Latinx peers, and often sees racial tensions between ethnic groups in her neighborhood, Visitacion Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I definitely feel like I have more privilege over certain communities,” Dong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portillo said she had a favorable experience at schools that were largely Latinx. But when attending other schools with more mixed populations, she felt like she was often under a microscope due to her ethnicity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It kind of feels like your education isn’t valued because you’re always being targeted or you’re always being pushed out,” she said. “Or there’s something always happening instead of actually you getting your education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seth didn’t feel as if she’d seen racial stereotypes in her daily life, like the other students we spoke to. But she knows the sting of hate, having been bullied in middle and elementary school by kids who didn’t approve of her being a girl with romantic interest in other girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that’s me personally, it didn’t affect me as much as it affects the average person,” Seth said, of Hsu’s comments, partially because she’s a person who tends to “go with the flow.” But even though the comments didn’t affect her personally, she said, that doesn’t mean it didn’t affect her community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bottom line,” Seth said, “I just think it’s wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "What’s New This School Year? Changing COVID Protocols, Universal TK, Later Start Times and More",
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"content": "\u003cp>Later start times for middle and high school students, the expansion of transitional kindergarten, more after-school programs and the opening of more community schools are just some changes students and staff in California will have to adjust to this school year, while still dealing with COVID-19 safety protocols and persistent staff shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the challenges, educators seem confident that the experience of the last two years and increased resources will help them navigate another year of COVID-19, as well as new state programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am looking forward to another year of in-person instruction,” said Corey Willenberg, superintendent of Oroville Union High School District in Butte County. “We are going to offer kids and families a fantastic education despite the hurdles we are facing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 uncertainty and testing protocols top the list of concerns of California school administrators this school year, said Naj Alikhan, senior director of communications for the Association of California School Administrators. Other concerns include teacher shortages, the social-emotional health of students and staff and the implementation of later start times for middle and high school students, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Districts relax COVID protocols\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/K-12-Guidance-2022-23-School-Year.aspx\">COVID-19 protocols\u003c/a> have changed tremendously from the beginning of the pandemic in the spring of 2020. This year, mask mandates and social distancing are mostly a thing of the past. Regular surveillance testing has made way for at-home tests provided by schools during times of high transmission, as well as testing at school sites as needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State COVID-19 guidance recommends masking but leaves it up to districts and county health departments to determine whether to require it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, which kept its indoor masking requirement after the \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/end-of-school-mask-mandate-brings-relief-lingering-concerns/668768\">state lifted mandatory masking rules\u003c/a> in schools last spring, will not require masks this school year, nor will it require a weekly COVID test in order to enter campuses. Only students or staff exhibiting symptoms or those who are in close contact with someone who tests positive will be required to test, using an at-home antigen test. The district is distributing the tests to students and staff to use within 48 hours of the first day of school and again before the second week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAUSD Superintendent Alberto Carvalho said the district is relaxing COVID-19 protocols because of declining infection rates, but it also is ramping up disinfection of high-touch surfaces, hiring more custodians, increasing ventilation and upgrading air filtration systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified and San Diego Unified, which both mandated masking over the summer because of high COVID-19 rates, haven’t yet decided if masks will be required this school year. The districts, some of the last to start the school year, are watching \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/community-levels.html#anchor_1646419198998\">community infection rates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified, following the guidance of public health officials, began school Monday with no mask requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922201\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11922201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"Students arrive for the first day of school at Markham Elementary in Oakland Unified on Monday.\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students arrive for the first day of school at Markham Elementary in Oakland Unified on Monday. \u003ccite>(Andrew Reed/EdSource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Masking has been a contentious issue at most school districts, with families on both sides of the issue. .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To kind of strike a balance, we have made mitigation efforts as prevalent as possible and as easily accessible as possible,” said Sailaja Suresh, Oakland Unified’s senior director of strategic projects, during a webinar last week. “But if it’s not a mandate that we do things like mask, we are just going to continue to strongly recommend and provide access to the mitigation measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tammy Yahud isn’t happy that Eagle Peak Montessori, a charter school her two sons attend in Walnut Creek, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.smore.com/ezhvr-welcome-back-newsletter?ref=email\">opted to require masks indoors\u003c/a> for another school year. Yahud says masking is impacting her children’s mental health and making it more difficult for one child, who is in speech therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She doesn’t understand why the school continues to have a mask mandate when other schools do not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is time of progress,” Yahud said. “We have medicine. We have approved vaccine. We have treatment. We have made progress. We are moving forward, so the school has to move forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A school newsletter said the board’s decision was informed by a committee of health professionals and teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR22-073.aspx#:~:text=The%20State%20of%20California%20announced,California's%20Health%20and%20Safety%20Code.\">state of California\u003c/a> and individual districts such as Los Angeles Unified, Oakland Unified and San Diego Unified have also put vaccine mandates for students on hold, although \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Order-of-the-State-Public-Health-Officer-Vaccine-Verification-for-Workers-in-Schools.aspx\">state law requires all school workers\u003c/a>, including teachers, be fully vaccinated or to undergo a weekly COVID-19 screening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified still has a vaccine mandate for students but hasn’t enforced it, said Brian Heap, the district’s chief communications officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Monkeypox is the latest concern\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If COVID-19 weren’t enough, families have a new virus to worry about this year: monkeypox. The virus is spread through close skin-to-skin contact and through contaminated materials like cups, utensils, clothing and towels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symptoms include swollen lymph nodes, chills, exhaustion, headache, muscle aches, fever and a rash or lesions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least five children in the United States, including one in Long Beach, have been reported to have the virus. This month, both California Gov. Gavin Newsom and President Joe Biden have declared monkeypox a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR22-119.aspx\">public health emergency.\u003c/a>[pullquote align=\"left\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"E. Toby Boyd, president of the California Teachers Association\"]‘There are so many things. Not knowing if you are ill, if you are going to be able to get a substitute to cover your classroom.’[/pullquote]Dr. Dean Blumberg, chief of pediatric infectious diseases at UC Davis Medical Center, says the risk of a child contracting the disease is low and that schools should already have health policies in place that exclude students with certain rashes and other infectious diseases from activities where there is direct contact with other students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But districts are taking precautions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest concern for us is sports, like wrestling or gymnastics where kids are on padding on the floors,” said Richard Barrera, San Diego Unified School District trustee. “So, what our facilities folks are doing right now, are going in and taking a look at places kids could potentially be exposed to a situation like monkeypox.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Schools will continue to focus on mental health\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>School districts are making the mental health of students and teachers a priority. Districts will be able to put a greater emphasis on mental health this year because they no longer have to deal with online learning options or as many unknowns about COVID, Barrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest challenge for educators this school year is mental fatigue, said E. Toby Boyd, president of the California Teachers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are still not out of this COVID situation, where we have to mitigate all these circumstances,” he said. “The inability to actually teach truth about what is going on in our history. There are so many things. Not knowing if you are ill, if you are going to be able to get a substitute to cover your classroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Staff shortages loom large\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"teacher-shortage\"]School districts are expected to struggle with staff shortages again this year. Bus drivers, paraprofessionals, substitutes and teachers continue to be in short supply even though districts have stepped up efforts to recruit and retain them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Unified and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfusd.edu/about-sfusd/sfusd-news/current-news-sfusd/sfusd-expands-recruitment-efforts-educators-other-staff-positions\">San Francisco Unified\u003c/a> were among the many districts that offered signing bonuses to lure teachers to their districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sometimes bonuses aren’t enough. Oroville Union High School District has been advertising for a special education teacher for severely handicapped students since April. Superintendent Willenberg expects that students in that class will start the year with a substitute teacher, who isn’t likely to have all the training needed to work with severely handicapped children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which serves 2,700 students, still needs three special-education teachers, two English teachers and four special-education paraeducators before school starts Aug. 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willenberg has asked outside agencies that work in special education to send teachers to the district in exchange for a finder’s fee. But even that isn’t working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high school district, like \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/severe-driver-shortage-leaves-some-california-kids-waiting-at-the-school-bus-stop/668139\">many others in the state\u003c/a>, has been unable to find enough bus drivers with the required Class B license. So, instead, it has had to hire drivers with standard Class C licenses to drive a “huge” van fleet to pick up students 10 at a time, instead of the 55 or more that fit in a bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shortage impacts families in the entire area, as the high school district also provides home-to-school transportation for an elementary school district within its boundaries. As a result, the high school district has had to cut back on providing transportation for athletic events and other activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willenberg said he expects more retirements to make the bus driver shortage even worse this school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Older students will start the school day later\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State-mandated later-start times in California will make providing home-to-school bus transportation even more complicated, say administrators. The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVotesClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB328\">legislation\u003c/a> requires middle schools to begin no earlier than 8 a.m. and high schools to start regular classes at 8:30 a.m. or later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Nguyen, 15, an incoming junior at Bolsa Grande High School in Garden Grove, is thrilled that school will start at 8:30 a.m., instead of 7:55 a.m. this school year. He knows he needs more sleep, but says he will use the time to study and do homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are all really sleep-deprived,” he said of teenagers. “But that’s 35 more minutes to do homework. I have a rigorous schedule.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Full slate of new programs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/californias-new-budget-includes-historic-funding-for-education/674998\">Record state funding for K-12\u003c/a> education and federal COVID relief money are making new programs like universal transitional kindergarten, after-school extended learning and the expansion of community schools possible this school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The budget this year was extremely helpful for educators,” Boyd said. “We have more money going into the classroom to hopefully lower class sizes and to retain and recruit teachers. There is the transitional kindergarten expansion. Community schools are going to be very impactful for our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state also is investing $4.1 billion in community schools, which will take an integrated approach to their students’ academic, health and social-emotional needs by making connections with government and community services and by building trusting relationships with students and families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Unified has an ambitious plan to open five community schools each year beginning this school year. The district will continue the process until all the district schools with 80% or more of its students eligible for free and reduced-priced lunch are community schools. Eventually, the district will have upward of 50 community schools, Barrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and federal dollars aimed at learning loss also are allowing districts to offer more extensive after-school programs. San Diego is extending its summer enrichment program, known as Level Up SD, to an after-school enrichment program this year. It is working with community nonprofits to offer classes in marine science, robotics, dance, theater and the arts, among other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oroville Union High School District has formed a partnership with the Boys and Girls Club of the North Valley to offer extended learning opportunities for its students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an example of trying to find ways to get things done,” Willenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Universal transitional kindergarten is rolled out\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"left\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Marceline Marques, operations support officer for San Diego Unified\"]‘Reaction to universal transitional kindergarten was overwhelmingly positive. So many families applied that we have more applications than seats available.’[/pullquote]This also is the first year of a three-year rollout of \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/universal-transitional-kindergarten-quick-guide/662318\">universal transitional kindergarten\u003c/a>, which will allow every 4-year-old child in the state to be enrolled by 2025-26. Students who turn age 5 between Sept. 2 and Feb. 2 are eligible to attend this school year, although some districts are enrolling even younger students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student-to-teacher ratio will be 12-to-1 this year, and transition to 10-to-1 in 2025-26. That’s half the size of the current transitional kindergarten but larger than Head Start, which generally has an 8-to-1 ratio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Unified was one of the early implementers of universal kindergarten with nearly 56 school sites last year. This year it expanded its program to almost every elementary school, adding about 700 seats, said Marceline Marques, operations support officer for the school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district will enroll any child who turns age 4 by the end of the school year, Barrera said. He is hopeful that the additional enrollment generated by universal transitional kindergarten will help staunch declining enrollment in the district, which has had a 0.5% decline annually over the last five or six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Reaction to universal transitional kindergarten was overwhelmingly positive,” Marques said. “So many families applied that we have more applications than seats available. We were determined to increase the number of classrooms in the district to accommodate everyone who applied, as well as to have seats available to families who move into the district.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Universal transitional kindergarten, which replaces transitional kindergarten, offers a more play-based, developmental-based curriculum, Marques said. But literacy, math, science, social studies, art and physical education components are also taught, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a wonderful program for our students to be prepared before they move into kindergarten,” Marques said. “That piece is super exciting, we are really excited about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/whats-new-this-school-year-changing-covid-protocols-universal-tk-later-start-times-and-more/676502\">This story was originally published in EdSource with contributions from Edsource reporter Kate Sequeira.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Later start times for middle and high school students, the expansion of transitional kindergarten and more after-school programs are just some of the changes students and staff in California will have to adjust to this school year.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Later start times for middle and high school students, the expansion of transitional kindergarten, more after-school programs and the opening of more community schools are just some changes students and staff in California will have to adjust to this school year, while still dealing with COVID-19 safety protocols and persistent staff shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the challenges, educators seem confident that the experience of the last two years and increased resources will help them navigate another year of COVID-19, as well as new state programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am looking forward to another year of in-person instruction,” said Corey Willenberg, superintendent of Oroville Union High School District in Butte County. “We are going to offer kids and families a fantastic education despite the hurdles we are facing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 uncertainty and testing protocols top the list of concerns of California school administrators this school year, said Naj Alikhan, senior director of communications for the Association of California School Administrators. Other concerns include teacher shortages, the social-emotional health of students and staff and the implementation of later start times for middle and high school students, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Districts relax COVID protocols\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/K-12-Guidance-2022-23-School-Year.aspx\">COVID-19 protocols\u003c/a> have changed tremendously from the beginning of the pandemic in the spring of 2020. This year, mask mandates and social distancing are mostly a thing of the past. Regular surveillance testing has made way for at-home tests provided by schools during times of high transmission, as well as testing at school sites as needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State COVID-19 guidance recommends masking but leaves it up to districts and county health departments to determine whether to require it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, which kept its indoor masking requirement after the \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/end-of-school-mask-mandate-brings-relief-lingering-concerns/668768\">state lifted mandatory masking rules\u003c/a> in schools last spring, will not require masks this school year, nor will it require a weekly COVID test in order to enter campuses. Only students or staff exhibiting symptoms or those who are in close contact with someone who tests positive will be required to test, using an at-home antigen test. The district is distributing the tests to students and staff to use within 48 hours of the first day of school and again before the second week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAUSD Superintendent Alberto Carvalho said the district is relaxing COVID-19 protocols because of declining infection rates, but it also is ramping up disinfection of high-touch surfaces, hiring more custodians, increasing ventilation and upgrading air filtration systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified and San Diego Unified, which both mandated masking over the summer because of high COVID-19 rates, haven’t yet decided if masks will be required this school year. The districts, some of the last to start the school year, are watching \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/community-levels.html#anchor_1646419198998\">community infection rates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified, following the guidance of public health officials, began school Monday with no mask requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922201\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11922201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"Students arrive for the first day of school at Markham Elementary in Oakland Unified on Monday.\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/okland-first-day1-1-1200x750-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students arrive for the first day of school at Markham Elementary in Oakland Unified on Monday. \u003ccite>(Andrew Reed/EdSource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Masking has been a contentious issue at most school districts, with families on both sides of the issue. .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To kind of strike a balance, we have made mitigation efforts as prevalent as possible and as easily accessible as possible,” said Sailaja Suresh, Oakland Unified’s senior director of strategic projects, during a webinar last week. “But if it’s not a mandate that we do things like mask, we are just going to continue to strongly recommend and provide access to the mitigation measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tammy Yahud isn’t happy that Eagle Peak Montessori, a charter school her two sons attend in Walnut Creek, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.smore.com/ezhvr-welcome-back-newsletter?ref=email\">opted to require masks indoors\u003c/a> for another school year. Yahud says masking is impacting her children’s mental health and making it more difficult for one child, who is in speech therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She doesn’t understand why the school continues to have a mask mandate when other schools do not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is time of progress,” Yahud said. “We have medicine. We have approved vaccine. We have treatment. We have made progress. We are moving forward, so the school has to move forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A school newsletter said the board’s decision was informed by a committee of health professionals and teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR22-073.aspx#:~:text=The%20State%20of%20California%20announced,California's%20Health%20and%20Safety%20Code.\">state of California\u003c/a> and individual districts such as Los Angeles Unified, Oakland Unified and San Diego Unified have also put vaccine mandates for students on hold, although \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Order-of-the-State-Public-Health-Officer-Vaccine-Verification-for-Workers-in-Schools.aspx\">state law requires all school workers\u003c/a>, including teachers, be fully vaccinated or to undergo a weekly COVID-19 screening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified still has a vaccine mandate for students but hasn’t enforced it, said Brian Heap, the district’s chief communications officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Monkeypox is the latest concern\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If COVID-19 weren’t enough, families have a new virus to worry about this year: monkeypox. The virus is spread through close skin-to-skin contact and through contaminated materials like cups, utensils, clothing and towels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symptoms include swollen lymph nodes, chills, exhaustion, headache, muscle aches, fever and a rash or lesions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least five children in the United States, including one in Long Beach, have been reported to have the virus. This month, both California Gov. Gavin Newsom and President Joe Biden have declared monkeypox a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR22-119.aspx\">public health emergency.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Dr. Dean Blumberg, chief of pediatric infectious diseases at UC Davis Medical Center, says the risk of a child contracting the disease is low and that schools should already have health policies in place that exclude students with certain rashes and other infectious diseases from activities where there is direct contact with other students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But districts are taking precautions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest concern for us is sports, like wrestling or gymnastics where kids are on padding on the floors,” said Richard Barrera, San Diego Unified School District trustee. “So, what our facilities folks are doing right now, are going in and taking a look at places kids could potentially be exposed to a situation like monkeypox.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Schools will continue to focus on mental health\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>School districts are making the mental health of students and teachers a priority. Districts will be able to put a greater emphasis on mental health this year because they no longer have to deal with online learning options or as many unknowns about COVID, Barrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest challenge for educators this school year is mental fatigue, said E. Toby Boyd, president of the California Teachers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are still not out of this COVID situation, where we have to mitigate all these circumstances,” he said. “The inability to actually teach truth about what is going on in our history. There are so many things. Not knowing if you are ill, if you are going to be able to get a substitute to cover your classroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Staff shortages loom large\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>School districts are expected to struggle with staff shortages again this year. Bus drivers, paraprofessionals, substitutes and teachers continue to be in short supply even though districts have stepped up efforts to recruit and retain them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Unified and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfusd.edu/about-sfusd/sfusd-news/current-news-sfusd/sfusd-expands-recruitment-efforts-educators-other-staff-positions\">San Francisco Unified\u003c/a> were among the many districts that offered signing bonuses to lure teachers to their districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sometimes bonuses aren’t enough. Oroville Union High School District has been advertising for a special education teacher for severely handicapped students since April. Superintendent Willenberg expects that students in that class will start the year with a substitute teacher, who isn’t likely to have all the training needed to work with severely handicapped children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which serves 2,700 students, still needs three special-education teachers, two English teachers and four special-education paraeducators before school starts Aug. 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willenberg has asked outside agencies that work in special education to send teachers to the district in exchange for a finder’s fee. But even that isn’t working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high school district, like \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/severe-driver-shortage-leaves-some-california-kids-waiting-at-the-school-bus-stop/668139\">many others in the state\u003c/a>, has been unable to find enough bus drivers with the required Class B license. So, instead, it has had to hire drivers with standard Class C licenses to drive a “huge” van fleet to pick up students 10 at a time, instead of the 55 or more that fit in a bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shortage impacts families in the entire area, as the high school district also provides home-to-school transportation for an elementary school district within its boundaries. As a result, the high school district has had to cut back on providing transportation for athletic events and other activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willenberg said he expects more retirements to make the bus driver shortage even worse this school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Older students will start the school day later\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State-mandated later-start times in California will make providing home-to-school bus transportation even more complicated, say administrators. The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVotesClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB328\">legislation\u003c/a> requires middle schools to begin no earlier than 8 a.m. and high schools to start regular classes at 8:30 a.m. or later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Nguyen, 15, an incoming junior at Bolsa Grande High School in Garden Grove, is thrilled that school will start at 8:30 a.m., instead of 7:55 a.m. this school year. He knows he needs more sleep, but says he will use the time to study and do homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are all really sleep-deprived,” he said of teenagers. “But that’s 35 more minutes to do homework. I have a rigorous schedule.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Full slate of new programs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/californias-new-budget-includes-historic-funding-for-education/674998\">Record state funding for K-12\u003c/a> education and federal COVID relief money are making new programs like universal transitional kindergarten, after-school extended learning and the expansion of community schools possible this school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The budget this year was extremely helpful for educators,” Boyd said. “We have more money going into the classroom to hopefully lower class sizes and to retain and recruit teachers. There is the transitional kindergarten expansion. Community schools are going to be very impactful for our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state also is investing $4.1 billion in community schools, which will take an integrated approach to their students’ academic, health and social-emotional needs by making connections with government and community services and by building trusting relationships with students and families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Unified has an ambitious plan to open five community schools each year beginning this school year. The district will continue the process until all the district schools with 80% or more of its students eligible for free and reduced-priced lunch are community schools. Eventually, the district will have upward of 50 community schools, Barrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and federal dollars aimed at learning loss also are allowing districts to offer more extensive after-school programs. San Diego is extending its summer enrichment program, known as Level Up SD, to an after-school enrichment program this year. It is working with community nonprofits to offer classes in marine science, robotics, dance, theater and the arts, among other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oroville Union High School District has formed a partnership with the Boys and Girls Club of the North Valley to offer extended learning opportunities for its students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an example of trying to find ways to get things done,” Willenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Universal transitional kindergarten is rolled out\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This also is the first year of a three-year rollout of \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/universal-transitional-kindergarten-quick-guide/662318\">universal transitional kindergarten\u003c/a>, which will allow every 4-year-old child in the state to be enrolled by 2025-26. Students who turn age 5 between Sept. 2 and Feb. 2 are eligible to attend this school year, although some districts are enrolling even younger students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student-to-teacher ratio will be 12-to-1 this year, and transition to 10-to-1 in 2025-26. That’s half the size of the current transitional kindergarten but larger than Head Start, which generally has an 8-to-1 ratio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Unified was one of the early implementers of universal kindergarten with nearly 56 school sites last year. This year it expanded its program to almost every elementary school, adding about 700 seats, said Marceline Marques, operations support officer for the school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district will enroll any child who turns age 4 by the end of the school year, Barrera said. He is hopeful that the additional enrollment generated by universal transitional kindergarten will help staunch declining enrollment in the district, which has had a 0.5% decline annually over the last five or six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Reaction to universal transitional kindergarten was overwhelmingly positive,” Marques said. “So many families applied that we have more applications than seats available. We were determined to increase the number of classrooms in the district to accommodate everyone who applied, as well as to have seats available to families who move into the district.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Universal transitional kindergarten, which replaces transitional kindergarten, offers a more play-based, developmental-based curriculum, Marques said. But literacy, math, science, social studies, art and physical education components are also taught, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a wonderful program for our students to be prepared before they move into kindergarten,” Marques said. “That piece is super exciting, we are really excited about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the high-poverty Oakland Unified School District, the disparities among schools of credentialed teachers are stark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Chabot Elementary in Oakland’s Rockridge neighborhood, with 23% of students from lower-income families, 93% of classes are taught by fully credentialed teachers; at Greenleaf Elementary, near the Oakland Coliseum, with 91% from lower-income families, fully credentialed teachers teach 47.5% of classes. In most middle schools and high schools, fewer than 60% of classes are taught by adequately certificated teachers, reflecting the ongoing difficulty in finding teachers credentialed to teach specific sciences like physics and math. At Castlemont High, fewer than one-quarter of teachers are assigned to classes they’re qualified to teach. Hiring decisions are made at the site level; the district does not place teachers at schools, it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More Education Stories\" tag=\"education-equity\"]Across OUSD, 57% of its teachers are assigned to classrooms they are credentialed to teach — the lowest of any district in California with more than 10,000 students, and one of the lowest in the state. It is nearly a third lower than the state average, and the 27.4% of so-called ineffective teachers, which include those with emergency and short-term permits and long-term substitutes, is nearly seven times the 4.1% statewide average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district blames its low rate of credentialed teachers on the churn of high turnover and has a plan to attack the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parentsquare.com/feeds/13149403\">In a news release\u003c/a>, Superintendent Kyla Johnson-Trammell acknowledged the low numbers of fully credentialed teachers but said the district is making teacher retention and recruitment of aspiring teachers, particularly people of color, a priority. It has created \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/Page/17605\">Grow Our Own\u003c/a>, with teacher residencies, a pipeline to teaching for after-school staff and a teacher development program for middle school teachers. It is\u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/ousd.org/ntsd/home?authuser=0\"> providing mentoring and resources\u003c/a> for all new teachers and, starting this year, will pay for new teachers’ credentialing fees and assessments. Earning a credential while initially teaching with an emergency permit is sometimes the only option for those who can’t afford to take a year off from work to become a teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to OUSD, the\u003ca href=\"https://dashboards.ousd.org/t/HR/views/RetentionDashboardPublic/TeachersDistrictwide?%3Aiid=1&%3Aembed=y#1\"> high rate of teacher turnover\u003c/a> — 22% in 2016-17 — dropped to the national average of 16% in 2019-20 and has remained constant since then. According to the district, 30% to 40% of the applicants for openings have emergency or out-of-state teaching permits. Out of the 491 teacher vacancies Oakland Unified posted, as of July 22, 109 remained unfilled, it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of its strategies looks promising, the district said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>121 middle school teachers have received debt relief, tuition support and assistance with advanced degrees and credentials in exchange for their commitment to stay in Oakland for two to four years, depending on how much aid they receive.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>More than 100 special education teachers have received state funding for teacher prep, licensing fees, community college courses, education and student debt relief.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>44 classified workers have received tuition support and mentoring to become credentialed teachers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>21 aspiring teachers earned their preliminary credentials in STEM and special education through the Oakland Teacher Residency program, in which an aspiring teacher trains full time in the classroom with an experienced, credentialed teacher. The district is partnering with the Alder Graduate School of Education. Teacher residents commit to staying four years with the district.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified has an enrollment of about 46,000 students, three-quarters of whom qualify as lower-income. About half of the students are Latino, with 20% Black, 10% white and 10% Asian. It employs about 3,000 teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified also has above-average disparities in how those teachers are distributed across schools in the district. In schools with the highest-income children, 67% of educators are credentialed to teach the classes they are teaching, while 49% of teachers are qualified in schools with students from the most low-income families. Schools with students from the most low-income families also have double the percentage of intern teachers (4.4%) than schools with fewer children from lower-income families (2%).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation=\"Keith Brown, president of the Oakland Education Association\"]‘Living wages continue to be an issue in Oakland. An experienced teacher can move to Hayward Unified and make $28,000 more overnight.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasons for the constant churn and difficulty finding teachers in Oakland with needed credentials depend on whom you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salary disparities among districts play a role in attracting teachers to some districts and pushing them away from others. The cost of housing in Oakland and the Bay Area is among the highest in the state, and Oakland’s salary scale, as of 2020-21, was among the lowest in Alameda County, from $50,600 for new teachers to $95,000 for the highest-paid veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Living wages continue to be an issue in Oakland,” said Keith Brown, president of the teachers union, the Oakland Education Association. “An experienced teacher can move to Hayward Unified and make $28,000 more overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"teacher-retention\"]In 2019, the union went on strike for seven days, demanding higher pay and improved conditions. Teachers settled for an 11% raise over four years. It conducted a one-day strike this year to oppose the district’s plan to close seven schools. Tense relations with the district’s unions, declining enrollment — a loss of 17,000 students over 20 years — and financial difficulties, which have dogged Oakland since the state provided a $100 million loan in 2003, have fostered strife and instability. When she was appointed superintendent in 2017, Johnson-Trammell, who grew up in Oakland and attended Oakland schools, became the sixth superintendent in nine years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a biting letter of resignation on her blog in May upon resigning from the school board, Shanthi Gonzales spread the blame. She cited the teachers union’s “refusal to engage on the issue of school quality,” general incivility in the district in handling disagreements and an easily distracted school board’s failure to focus on improving academics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arun Ramanathan, the CEO of Pivot Learning, a national school improvement nonprofit based in Oakland, agreed with Gonzales’ last point. Oakland is the home of an abundance of education nonprofits and foundations ready to fund new ideas. But the district’s focus must be on three things, he said: leadership, teaching and learning. “Ongoing instability bleeds into other areas, so the district turns to another initiative, whether social-emotional learning or community schools,” he said. “Oakland has one of the longest strategic plans, but it’s not focusing on the right stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OUSD should be constantly monitoring the number and distribution of long-term subs and the level of teacher absences, he said, as well as tracking, in a competitive market, the length of time between job interviews and job offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation=\"Gary Yee, president of the Oakland Unified School District, Board of Education \"]‘[The district’s] commitment to hiring well-trained teachers with strong academic preparation and a deep local and cultural competency has never been stronger or more focused.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gary Yee, the president of the district’s school board, said in a statement that although the issues of a teacher shortage and under-preparation in Oakland schools are not new or simple, the district’s “commitment to hiring well-trained teachers with strong academic preparation and a deep local and cultural competency has never been stronger or more focused.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Using the term ‘ineffective’ to label those who have not received state certification suggests a biased use of language. Privileging people who have the finances, time and opportunity to complete a credential before they start formal teaching in an Oakland Unified classroom blocks those who need to take a different path,” he said. “Even a cursory review of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/Page/781\">Talent Division\u003c/a> web page will reveal the multiple paths to becoming and growing as a professionally effective educator. With this support, all children and educators — regardless of their background or circumstances — will have the opportunity to reach their highest potential. I believe Oakland is moving in that direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/oakland-with-the-lowest-ratio-of-fully-prepared-rightly-assigned-teachers-has-a-strategy-to-address-teacher-churn/676288\">\u003cem>This story originally appeared in EdSource.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Across OUSD, 57% of its teachers are assigned to classrooms they are credentialed to teach — the lowest of any district in California with more than 10,000 students, and one of the lowest in the state. It is nearly a third lower than the state average, and the 27.4% of so-called ineffective teachers, which include those with emergency and short-term permits and long-term substitutes, is nearly seven times the 4.1% statewide average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district blames its low rate of credentialed teachers on the churn of high turnover and has a plan to attack the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parentsquare.com/feeds/13149403\">In a news release\u003c/a>, Superintendent Kyla Johnson-Trammell acknowledged the low numbers of fully credentialed teachers but said the district is making teacher retention and recruitment of aspiring teachers, particularly people of color, a priority. It has created \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/Page/17605\">Grow Our Own\u003c/a>, with teacher residencies, a pipeline to teaching for after-school staff and a teacher development program for middle school teachers. It is\u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/ousd.org/ntsd/home?authuser=0\"> providing mentoring and resources\u003c/a> for all new teachers and, starting this year, will pay for new teachers’ credentialing fees and assessments. Earning a credential while initially teaching with an emergency permit is sometimes the only option for those who can’t afford to take a year off from work to become a teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to OUSD, the\u003ca href=\"https://dashboards.ousd.org/t/HR/views/RetentionDashboardPublic/TeachersDistrictwide?%3Aiid=1&%3Aembed=y#1\"> high rate of teacher turnover\u003c/a> — 22% in 2016-17 — dropped to the national average of 16% in 2019-20 and has remained constant since then. According to the district, 30% to 40% of the applicants for openings have emergency or out-of-state teaching permits. Out of the 491 teacher vacancies Oakland Unified posted, as of July 22, 109 remained unfilled, it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of its strategies looks promising, the district said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>121 middle school teachers have received debt relief, tuition support and assistance with advanced degrees and credentials in exchange for their commitment to stay in Oakland for two to four years, depending on how much aid they receive.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>More than 100 special education teachers have received state funding for teacher prep, licensing fees, community college courses, education and student debt relief.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>44 classified workers have received tuition support and mentoring to become credentialed teachers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>21 aspiring teachers earned their preliminary credentials in STEM and special education through the Oakland Teacher Residency program, in which an aspiring teacher trains full time in the classroom with an experienced, credentialed teacher. The district is partnering with the Alder Graduate School of Education. Teacher residents commit to staying four years with the district.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified has an enrollment of about 46,000 students, three-quarters of whom qualify as lower-income. About half of the students are Latino, with 20% Black, 10% white and 10% Asian. It employs about 3,000 teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified also has above-average disparities in how those teachers are distributed across schools in the district. In schools with the highest-income children, 67% of educators are credentialed to teach the classes they are teaching, while 49% of teachers are qualified in schools with students from the most low-income families. Schools with students from the most low-income families also have double the percentage of intern teachers (4.4%) than schools with fewer children from lower-income families (2%).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In 2019, the union went on strike for seven days, demanding higher pay and improved conditions. Teachers settled for an 11% raise over four years. It conducted a one-day strike this year to oppose the district’s plan to close seven schools. Tense relations with the district’s unions, declining enrollment — a loss of 17,000 students over 20 years — and financial difficulties, which have dogged Oakland since the state provided a $100 million loan in 2003, have fostered strife and instability. When she was appointed superintendent in 2017, Johnson-Trammell, who grew up in Oakland and attended Oakland schools, became the sixth superintendent in nine years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a biting letter of resignation on her blog in May upon resigning from the school board, Shanthi Gonzales spread the blame. She cited the teachers union’s “refusal to engage on the issue of school quality,” general incivility in the district in handling disagreements and an easily distracted school board’s failure to focus on improving academics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arun Ramanathan, the CEO of Pivot Learning, a national school improvement nonprofit based in Oakland, agreed with Gonzales’ last point. Oakland is the home of an abundance of education nonprofits and foundations ready to fund new ideas. But the district’s focus must be on three things, he said: leadership, teaching and learning. “Ongoing instability bleeds into other areas, so the district turns to another initiative, whether social-emotional learning or community schools,” he said. “Oakland has one of the longest strategic plans, but it’s not focusing on the right stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OUSD should be constantly monitoring the number and distribution of long-term subs and the level of teacher absences, he said, as well as tracking, in a competitive market, the length of time between job interviews and job offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gary Yee, the president of the district’s school board, said in a statement that although the issues of a teacher shortage and under-preparation in Oakland schools are not new or simple, the district’s “commitment to hiring well-trained teachers with strong academic preparation and a deep local and cultural competency has never been stronger or more focused.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Using the term ‘ineffective’ to label those who have not received state certification suggests a biased use of language. Privileging people who have the finances, time and opportunity to complete a credential before they start formal teaching in an Oakland Unified classroom blocks those who need to take a different path,” he said. “Even a cursory review of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/Page/781\">Talent Division\u003c/a> web page will reveal the multiple paths to becoming and growing as a professionally effective educator. With this support, all children and educators — regardless of their background or circumstances — will have the opportunity to reach their highest potential. I believe Oakland is moving in that direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
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},
"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
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