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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Impeachment Trial Update\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today marks the third and final day for House Democrats to present their opening arguments to the Senate to press their case that President Trump should be removed from office for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress. Lead House impeachment manager Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., argued that rejecting witnesses such as White House acting chief of staff Mick Mulvaney and former national security adviser John Bolton would further add to the obstruction charges. Trump’s legal team is set to begin Saturday morning. The defense has up to 24 hours spread over three days to make their case — the same rules that applied to House impeachment managers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, politics and government correspondent, KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sean Walsh, GOP strategist, Wilson Walsh Consulting \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Tech News Roundup\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, Silicon Valley got a shock when officials close to the Saudi crown prince told the Wall Street Journal they had knowledge of a plan to hack the phone of Amazon founder and CEO Jeff Bezos. Bezos’ phone was famously hacked last year leading to the self-revelation of an extramarital affair. Also this week, Google became the fourth company ever to reach $1 trillion in market value. And the latest battle for eyeballs in the streaming wars has begun and Netflix is feeling the pressure.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jeremy Owens, San Francisco bureau chief and tech editor, MarketWatch\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Michael Hiltzik, business columnist, Los Angeles Times\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Noir City Film Festival in San Francisco\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A former Nazi hunting a serial killer. A social outcast framed for murder. A resistance fighter plotting assassination. These are just a few of the characters you’ll find at San Francisco’s annual Noir City Film Festival, which kicks off Friday at the Castro Theatre. For the first time, the 10-day festival will feature all foreign-made films from Japan, Germany, Mexico and more.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eddie Muller, founder and president, Film Noir Foundation\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"disqusTitle": "'Heat' – The Ultimate L.A. Movie, the Ultimate Obsession",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2018, I heard about a guy in Australia called Blake Howard — for the reason that he loved the same movie as me. A \u003cem>lot\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The movie was Michael Mann’s 1995 crime thriller \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0113277/\">\"Heat\"\u003c/a>. Yet unlike me, Howard loved it so much that he was obsessively making a podcast series analyzing the film one minute at a time, episode by episode — all 170 minutes of it. The podcast was called \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast\">\"One Heat Minute\u003c/a>\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796549\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"999\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2.jpg 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2-1020x679.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blake Howard at the 2019 Sydney Film Festival \u003ccite>(Blake Howard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theringer.com/2017/1/11/16043060/star-wars-minute-movies-by-minute-podcast-microculture-trend-7c45069cdb60\">Minute-by-minute movie podcasts\u003c/a> are nothing new, but I was so intrigued by Howard’s professional dedication to \"Heat,\" of all movies, that I \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13839885/a-movie-minutely-examined-how-an-obsession-made-an-unusual-podcast\">interviewed him in Sept., 2018\u003c/a>. We talked about both becoming obsessed with \"Heat\" as impressionable teens, podcasting’s ability to create community around extremely niche interests, and his wild fantasy that his cinematic idol, \"Heat\" director Mann, would one day be on \"One Heat Minute.\" We laughed about the sheer implausibility of that last idea, and I wrote up \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13839885/a-movie-minutely-examined-how-an-obsession-made-an-unusual-podcast\">our conversation\u003c/a> as a story about sincerity and obsession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, at the end of his quest two years after he first started, \"One Heat Minute\" has spawned a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23OneHeatMinute&src=typed_query\">hyper-enthusiastic online fan base\u003c/a>, been named in \"Vulture’s\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.vulture.com/article/best-podcasts.html\">100 Great Podcasts\u003c/a>, been \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realgdt/status/1143695297891176448?s=21\">hailed by movie luminaries like Guillermo del Toro\u003c/a>, and welcomed its final guest... Michael Mann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now, \u003cem>this\u003c/em> is a story about sincerity, obsession and what happens when the usual gulf between famous creators and fandom gets unexpectedly obliterated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Clinically Obsessed'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Even if you haven’t seen \"Heat,\" trust me: you probably still \u003cem>know\u003c/em> \"Heat.\" De Niro as a meticulous L.A. bank robber planning the heist of a lifetime, Al Pacino as a volatile cop consumed by taking him down — with a supporting cast stuffed with '90s A-listers from Val Kilmer and Tom Sizemore to Ashley Judd and Natalie Portman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2GfZl4kuVNI\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Heat\" is also loud, bombastic and drips with machismo, and even a lifelong superfan like me can giggle at the riper portions of its dialogue (“For me, the action \u003cem>is\u003c/em> the juice!”) — or roll my eyes a little at how much less drawn the female roles (wives, girlfriends) seem in comparison to their male counterparts. Pacino's performance is infamously brash, and makes a lot more sense when you find out his character was \u003ca href=\"https://news.avclub.com/al-pacino-finally-admits-his-heat-character-was-high-on-1798251639\">meant to be high on cocaine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet as a portrait of a dark, dangerous L.A., and two men obsessed with their professions to the exclusion of all else in life, \"Heat\" radiates an unusual kind of ennui not often found in action movies. Its major themes are loss and loneliness, and moments such as Pacino’s confession to his soon-to-be-ex-wife — “All I have is what I’m going after” — take Mann’s movie to far more melancholic places than most thrillers. Added to its two iconic leads, this at least partly explains why \"Heat\" has developed something of a cult following in the quarter century since it was released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of that following since he first saw it? Blake Howard. He describes himself as becoming “clinically obsessed with movies” in his youth, thanks in part to an older brother who worked in a video warehouse and would bring back the VHS spoils for Howard’s consumption. Among those videotapes was \"Heat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796548\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796548\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake-1020x644.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Blake Howard with sister Skye and brother Karn - the provider of his VHS collection. \u003ccite>(Blake Howard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even though it’s regarded as one of the quintessential Los Angeles movies, the version of the city a young Howard saw in this movie — the lonely industrial landscapes, the car culture, the endless roads — was one he hadn’t seen before. It was one that in many ways reminded him of his native Sydney. “This sprawling place... [that] felt so \u003cem>dilapidated\u003c/em>,” he says, “like it was empty.” And as Howard grew older he found \"Heat\" assuming a place in his life as a kind of cinematic life companion, welded to him by “existential and philosophical underpinnings that kind of enriched every viewing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of all the movies in the world, a melancholy '90s crime thriller about obsession and alienation, set thousands of miles away, wouldn’t let him go. “I never could satiate the itch to continue talking about it,” he says — even as he became a part time movie critic himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796572\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796572\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563-1020x574.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robert De Niro and Al Pacino in \"Heat\" \u003ccite>(Warner Brothers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s why in 2017, Howard was affectionately goaded by fellow critic Stu Coote into realizing his dream to “just f****** talk about \"Heat\" every day” — and starting the \"One Heat Minute\" podcast. It was, Howard says, “the ultimate way to tackle and wrestle with this movie.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'This Is \u003cem>One Heat Minute\u003c/em>'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Initially skeptical that anyone outside of his personal circle of movie critic buddies would be into it, Howard drew from them for his first guests. The first 14 episodes were recorded in a single day, with all the same people, and the production values were low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But remember: \u003cem>a lot of people really like\u003c/em> \"Heat.\" By the time I first spoke with him in 2018, Howard’s monomaniacal, homespun podcast had begun to draw listening numbers in the thousands — and his guest list had moved into the heavy-hitters. Critics like \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/2017/10/23/one-heat-minute-episode-89manohladargis\">Manohla Dargis\u003c/a> of the New York Times, \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/one-heat-minute-episode-147\">Matt Zoller Sietz\u003c/a> of RoberEbert.com: all showing up, over Skype, to hear Howard intone \"This is 'One Heat Minute'\" and talk enthusiastically about nothing but \"Heat\" for well over an hour each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796786\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1163\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2.png 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2-160x98.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2-800x490.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2-1020x624.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robert De Niro in \"Heat\" \u003ccite>(Warner Brothers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the \"Heat\" minutes progressed, and his podcast episodes climbed over 100, Howard started scoring guests who’d actually been involved in \u003cem>making\u003c/em> the movie. Like legendary cinematographer \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/2017/10/23/one-heat-minute-episode-100\">Dante Spinotti\u003c/a>, who’d created those shots that Howard had grown up imprinting on his brain, and editor \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/2017/10/23/one-heat-minute-bonuspasqualebuba\">Pasquale “Pat” Buba\u003c/a>, who appeared on \"One Heat Minute\" before his death in September 2018. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was thrilled every single week to talk to every new person or sometimes repeat guests,” says Howard, “because they were just so great.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After our first chat for KQED, I even joined Howard’s band of fanatics on \"One Heat Minute\" myself. That’s me on \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/one-heat-minute-episode-148\">Episode 148\u003c/a> discussing the intricate progressions of Robert De Niro’s facial expressions. Coming off the Skype call with Howard, feeling almost drunk on the pleasures of discussing the minute details of a movie with which I’d been intimate since my teens, I was overwhelmed by how good such shared monomania could feel. I finally understood why he’d been able to secure so many guests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'All I Have is What I'm Going After'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There was still that unfathomable dream in the back of Howard’s mind: scoring Michael Mann himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796575\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1410\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606.jpg 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606-160x119.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606-800x594.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606-1020x757.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Director Michael Mann at the 2016 Academy Awards \u003ccite>( Jason Merritt / Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The idea that the award-winning director who made the movie that defined Howard’s entire life would even answer the phone — let alone sit down for an hour of taped conversation — still seemed crazy. Except for the fact that one of his \"One Heat Minute\" guests, \"Vulture\" critic Bilge Ebiri was on good terms with Mann — and was determined to lobby him on Howard’s behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said ‘Even if he just knows about it, it would be great,’” says Howard. “But [Ebiri] is like ‘No: he's not only got to know about it, I'm going to tell him he has to do the show.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which is how, after much back-and-forth with the relevant representatives, on Episode 167, Michael Mann finally became Howard’s last \"One Heat Minute\" guest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Very Flattered That You're Doing This'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Were you nervous, I ask Howard? Knowing you had an hour with the man who’d made the movie that’s become the primary text of your life?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the \u003cem>before\u003c/em> moment, I was nervous,” he says. “I was mildly freaking out. But when we started talking I don't think I've ever been more confident in any interview that I've ever undertaken.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was,” he reminds me, “the most prepared person to ever have a conversation about 'Heat' to Michael Mann.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796573\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796573\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1277\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_.jpg 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_-800x538.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_-1020x686.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robert De Niro and Val Kilmer in \"Heat\" \u003ccite>(Warner Brothers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And if you yourself \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/one-heat-minute-finale\">listen to the episode\u003c/a>, what will you hear? A famously obsessive filmmaker discussing his own movie \u003cem>about\u003c/em> obsessive men, with the guy who’s so obsessed with it that he’s based over 150 podcast episodes on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m very flattered that you’re doing this,” are Mann’s first words in his episode, and you can hear the grin in his voice. When Howard asks about the director’s decision to appear on the podcast, the director explains that the whole endeavor \"sounded completely insane in a totally wonderful way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the subject of his work and his intentions, Mann is a serious, sincere interviewee who employs terms like “contrapuntal” when describing his cinematic output. “His recall for a movie that was made in 1995 and the character motivations and things that he'd had in mind for how that would look was just unbelievable,” notes Howard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/michaelmann/status/1147591432917487616?s=21\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet in conversation, Mann’s sheer enthusiasm for movies, often overlooked amid his professional reputation as an extreme perfectionist, is also given free rein. Reminiscing about filming that powerful final \"Heat\" minute, where Pacino and De Niro’s characters face off in LAX and only one survives, Mann is uncharacteristically effusive: “It felt like ‘man, I don’t want to be anywhere else on Planet Earth at this moment in time but this set, making this movie.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of dedication and enthusiasm, the award-winning longtime Hollywood director suddenly sounded a lot... like Howard himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Our Little Campfire'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“I compliment your obsessions,” Mann told Howard in a message recorded for a \"One Heat Minute\" live show at the 2019 Sydney Film Festival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And from one of the most fastidious and obsessive filmmakers that has ever walked the face of the Earth to compliment your obsessions? That's pretty special,” says Howard. But after all that, where does obsession \u003cem>go\u003c/em>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796552\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796552\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee.png 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee-160x115.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee-800x576.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee-1020x734.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blake Howard, appropriately dressed in Val Kilmer \"Heat\" t-shirt \u003ccite>(Blake Howard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the conclusion of \"One Heat Minute,\" Howard is making even more podcasts about movies, including \"All the President’s Men\" (\"All the Presidents Minutes\") and Mann’s own \"Last of the Mohicans\" (\"The Last Twelve Minutes of the Mohicans\").\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet \"One Heat Minute\" remains the fan project that a lot of people in Hollywood now know about. “For my name to be now synonymous with this movie is probably one of my greatest ever accomplishments” says Howard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realgdt/status/1143695297891176448?s=21\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Podcasts themselves are little campfires that you can sort of huddle around,” Howard says. “Hopefully our little campfire has brought a lot of people... joy following along.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2018, I heard about a guy in Australia called Blake Howard — for the reason that he loved the same movie as me. A \u003cem>lot\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The movie was Michael Mann’s 1995 crime thriller \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0113277/\">\"Heat\"\u003c/a>. Yet unlike me, Howard loved it so much that he was obsessively making a podcast series analyzing the film one minute at a time, episode by episode — all 170 minutes of it. The podcast was called \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast\">\"One Heat Minute\u003c/a>\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796549\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"999\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2.jpg 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/image-asset2-1020x679.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blake Howard at the 2019 Sydney Film Festival \u003ccite>(Blake Howard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theringer.com/2017/1/11/16043060/star-wars-minute-movies-by-minute-podcast-microculture-trend-7c45069cdb60\">Minute-by-minute movie podcasts\u003c/a> are nothing new, but I was so intrigued by Howard’s professional dedication to \"Heat,\" of all movies, that I \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13839885/a-movie-minutely-examined-how-an-obsession-made-an-unusual-podcast\">interviewed him in Sept., 2018\u003c/a>. We talked about both becoming obsessed with \"Heat\" as impressionable teens, podcasting’s ability to create community around extremely niche interests, and his wild fantasy that his cinematic idol, \"Heat\" director Mann, would one day be on \"One Heat Minute.\" We laughed about the sheer implausibility of that last idea, and I wrote up \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13839885/a-movie-minutely-examined-how-an-obsession-made-an-unusual-podcast\">our conversation\u003c/a> as a story about sincerity and obsession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, at the end of his quest two years after he first started, \"One Heat Minute\" has spawned a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23OneHeatMinute&src=typed_query\">hyper-enthusiastic online fan base\u003c/a>, been named in \"Vulture’s\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.vulture.com/article/best-podcasts.html\">100 Great Podcasts\u003c/a>, been \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realgdt/status/1143695297891176448?s=21\">hailed by movie luminaries like Guillermo del Toro\u003c/a>, and welcomed its final guest... Michael Mann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now, \u003cem>this\u003c/em> is a story about sincerity, obsession and what happens when the usual gulf between famous creators and fandom gets unexpectedly obliterated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Clinically Obsessed'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Even if you haven’t seen \"Heat,\" trust me: you probably still \u003cem>know\u003c/em> \"Heat.\" De Niro as a meticulous L.A. bank robber planning the heist of a lifetime, Al Pacino as a volatile cop consumed by taking him down — with a supporting cast stuffed with '90s A-listers from Val Kilmer and Tom Sizemore to Ashley Judd and Natalie Portman.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/2GfZl4kuVNI'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/2GfZl4kuVNI'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\"Heat\" is also loud, bombastic and drips with machismo, and even a lifelong superfan like me can giggle at the riper portions of its dialogue (“For me, the action \u003cem>is\u003c/em> the juice!”) — or roll my eyes a little at how much less drawn the female roles (wives, girlfriends) seem in comparison to their male counterparts. Pacino's performance is infamously brash, and makes a lot more sense when you find out his character was \u003ca href=\"https://news.avclub.com/al-pacino-finally-admits-his-heat-character-was-high-on-1798251639\">meant to be high on cocaine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet as a portrait of a dark, dangerous L.A., and two men obsessed with their professions to the exclusion of all else in life, \"Heat\" radiates an unusual kind of ennui not often found in action movies. Its major themes are loss and loneliness, and moments such as Pacino’s confession to his soon-to-be-ex-wife — “All I have is what I’m going after” — take Mann’s movie to far more melancholic places than most thrillers. Added to its two iconic leads, this at least partly explains why \"Heat\" has developed something of a cult following in the quarter century since it was released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of that following since he first saw it? Blake Howard. He describes himself as becoming “clinically obsessed with movies” in his youth, thanks in part to an older brother who worked in a video warehouse and would bring back the VHS spoils for Howard’s consumption. Among those videotapes was \"Heat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796548\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796548\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/baby-blake-1020x644.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Blake Howard with sister Skye and brother Karn - the provider of his VHS collection. \u003ccite>(Blake Howard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even though it’s regarded as one of the quintessential Los Angeles movies, the version of the city a young Howard saw in this movie — the lonely industrial landscapes, the car culture, the endless roads — was one he hadn’t seen before. It was one that in many ways reminded him of his native Sydney. “This sprawling place... [that] felt so \u003cem>dilapidated\u003c/em>,” he says, “like it was empty.” And as Howard grew older he found \"Heat\" assuming a place in his life as a kind of cinematic life companion, welded to him by “existential and philosophical underpinnings that kind of enriched every viewing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of all the movies in the world, a melancholy '90s crime thriller about obsession and alienation, set thousands of miles away, wouldn’t let him go. “I never could satiate the itch to continue talking about it,” he says — even as he became a part time movie critic himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796572\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796572\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/thumb-1920-341563-1020x574.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robert De Niro and Al Pacino in \"Heat\" \u003ccite>(Warner Brothers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s why in 2017, Howard was affectionately goaded by fellow critic Stu Coote into realizing his dream to “just f****** talk about \"Heat\" every day” — and starting the \"One Heat Minute\" podcast. It was, Howard says, “the ultimate way to tackle and wrestle with this movie.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'This Is \u003cem>One Heat Minute\u003c/em>'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Initially skeptical that anyone outside of his personal circle of movie critic buddies would be into it, Howard drew from them for his first guests. The first 14 episodes were recorded in a single day, with all the same people, and the production values were low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But remember: \u003cem>a lot of people really like\u003c/em> \"Heat.\" By the time I first spoke with him in 2018, Howard’s monomaniacal, homespun podcast had begun to draw listening numbers in the thousands — and his guest list had moved into the heavy-hitters. Critics like \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/2017/10/23/one-heat-minute-episode-89manohladargis\">Manohla Dargis\u003c/a> of the New York Times, \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/one-heat-minute-episode-147\">Matt Zoller Sietz\u003c/a> of RoberEbert.com: all showing up, over Skype, to hear Howard intone \"This is 'One Heat Minute'\" and talk enthusiastically about nothing but \"Heat\" for well over an hour each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796786\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1163\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2.png 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2-160x98.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2-800x490.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/56be238ae2b49b2eaf4ce880ef7164d6-2-1020x624.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robert De Niro in \"Heat\" \u003ccite>(Warner Brothers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the \"Heat\" minutes progressed, and his podcast episodes climbed over 100, Howard started scoring guests who’d actually been involved in \u003cem>making\u003c/em> the movie. Like legendary cinematographer \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/2017/10/23/one-heat-minute-episode-100\">Dante Spinotti\u003c/a>, who’d created those shots that Howard had grown up imprinting on his brain, and editor \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/2017/10/23/one-heat-minute-bonuspasqualebuba\">Pasquale “Pat” Buba\u003c/a>, who appeared on \"One Heat Minute\" before his death in September 2018. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was thrilled every single week to talk to every new person or sometimes repeat guests,” says Howard, “because they were just so great.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After our first chat for KQED, I even joined Howard’s band of fanatics on \"One Heat Minute\" myself. That’s me on \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/one-heat-minute-episode-148\">Episode 148\u003c/a> discussing the intricate progressions of Robert De Niro’s facial expressions. Coming off the Skype call with Howard, feeling almost drunk on the pleasures of discussing the minute details of a movie with which I’d been intimate since my teens, I was overwhelmed by how good such shared monomania could feel. I finally understood why he’d been able to secure so many guests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'All I Have is What I'm Going After'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There was still that unfathomable dream in the back of Howard’s mind: scoring Michael Mann himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796575\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1410\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606.jpg 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606-160x119.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606-800x594.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-513017606-1020x757.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Director Michael Mann at the 2016 Academy Awards \u003ccite>( Jason Merritt / Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The idea that the award-winning director who made the movie that defined Howard’s entire life would even answer the phone — let alone sit down for an hour of taped conversation — still seemed crazy. Except for the fact that one of his \"One Heat Minute\" guests, \"Vulture\" critic Bilge Ebiri was on good terms with Mann — and was determined to lobby him on Howard’s behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said ‘Even if he just knows about it, it would be great,’” says Howard. “But [Ebiri] is like ‘No: he's not only got to know about it, I'm going to tell him he has to do the show.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which is how, after much back-and-forth with the relevant representatives, on Episode 167, Michael Mann finally became Howard’s last \"One Heat Minute\" guest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Very Flattered That You're Doing This'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Were you nervous, I ask Howard? Knowing you had an hour with the man who’d made the movie that’s become the primary text of your life?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the \u003cem>before\u003c/em> moment, I was nervous,” he says. “I was mildly freaking out. But when we started talking I don't think I've ever been more confident in any interview that I've ever undertaken.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was,” he reminds me, “the most prepared person to ever have a conversation about 'Heat' to Michael Mann.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796573\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796573\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1277\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_.jpg 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_-800x538.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/MV5BMTc1NDg5MTMzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjEzNzIwNA@@._V1_-1020x686.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robert De Niro and Val Kilmer in \"Heat\" \u003ccite>(Warner Brothers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And if you yourself \u003ca href=\"https://oneheatminute.com/podcast/one-heat-minute-finale\">listen to the episode\u003c/a>, what will you hear? A famously obsessive filmmaker discussing his own movie \u003cem>about\u003c/em> obsessive men, with the guy who’s so obsessed with it that he’s based over 150 podcast episodes on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m very flattered that you’re doing this,” are Mann’s first words in his episode, and you can hear the grin in his voice. When Howard asks about the director’s decision to appear on the podcast, the director explains that the whole endeavor \"sounded completely insane in a totally wonderful way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the subject of his work and his intentions, Mann is a serious, sincere interviewee who employs terms like “contrapuntal” when describing his cinematic output. “His recall for a movie that was made in 1995 and the character motivations and things that he'd had in mind for how that would look was just unbelievable,” notes Howard.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Yet in conversation, Mann’s sheer enthusiasm for movies, often overlooked amid his professional reputation as an extreme perfectionist, is also given free rein. Reminiscing about filming that powerful final \"Heat\" minute, where Pacino and De Niro’s characters face off in LAX and only one survives, Mann is uncharacteristically effusive: “It felt like ‘man, I don’t want to be anywhere else on Planet Earth at this moment in time but this set, making this movie.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of dedication and enthusiasm, the award-winning longtime Hollywood director suddenly sounded a lot... like Howard himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Our Little Campfire'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“I compliment your obsessions,” Mann told Howard in a message recorded for a \"One Heat Minute\" live show at the 2019 Sydney Film Festival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And from one of the most fastidious and obsessive filmmakers that has ever walked the face of the Earth to compliment your obsessions? That's pretty special,” says Howard. But after all that, where does obsession \u003cem>go\u003c/em>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796552\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11796552\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee.png 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee-160x115.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee-800x576.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/val-tee-1020x734.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blake Howard, appropriately dressed in Val Kilmer \"Heat\" t-shirt \u003ccite>(Blake Howard)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the conclusion of \"One Heat Minute,\" Howard is making even more podcasts about movies, including \"All the President’s Men\" (\"All the Presidents Minutes\") and Mann’s own \"Last of the Mohicans\" (\"The Last Twelve Minutes of the Mohicans\").\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet \"One Heat Minute\" remains the fan project that a lot of people in Hollywood now know about. “For my name to be now synonymous with this movie is probably one of my greatest ever accomplishments” says Howard.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>“Podcasts themselves are little campfires that you can sort of huddle around,” Howard says. “Hopefully our little campfire has brought a lot of people... joy following along.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Impeachment Moves to U.S. Senate\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Thursday, seven House Democrats walked to the U.S. Senate to hand deliver two articles of impeachment against President Trump. The articles were read aloud by California congressman Adam Schiff, one of the lawmakers selected by House Speaker Nancy Pelosi to manage and prosecute the case against the president. The trial is expected to start in earnest next week. But it’s unclear if the Republican-led chamber will vote to approve hearing from additional witnesses or consider new evidence. Also this week, six Democratic presidential candidates debated in Des Moines, Iowa, where in less than three weeks, primary voters will cast their ballots. Meanwhile, a new poll from the Public Policy Institute of California released this week shows Bernie Sanders with a slim lead over Joe Biden and Elizabeth Warren among likely primary voters in the Golden State. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, politics and government correspondent, KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ron Elving, senior Washington correspondent, NPR\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>‘The Political Mind of Jerry Brown’ \u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Few politicians have had such an enduring impact on California as Jerry Brown. He’s the longest serving governor in California history, serving a total of four terms, starting with his election in 1974 when he was just 36 years old. Brown was also mayor of Oakland, a state attorney general and a three-time presidential candidate, in his roughly 50-year political career. Now, a new KQED podcast explores his remarkable life and political thinking through dozens of hours of interviews recorded with the iconic leader and those who know him best. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guy Marzorati, politics and government reporter, KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Newly Discovered Recording of Anti-Vietnam War MLK Speech\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Monday, the nation will observe Martin Luther King Jr. Day. The slain civil rights leader would have turned 91 this past Wednesday. In 1967, exactly one year before his assassination in Memphis, as protests against the Vietnam War gripped the nation, King delivered a speech at the Riverside Church in New York City. He explained why he opposed the war, such as the devastating toll it was taking on poor black communities. Now, more than 50 years later, a newly discovered recording of King’s “Beyond Vietnam” speech has been discovered and made publicly available for a new generation to hear. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Professor Clayborne Carson, director, The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute at Stanford University\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Impeachment Moves to U.S. Senate\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Thursday, seven House Democrats walked to the U.S. Senate to hand deliver two articles of impeachment against President Trump. The articles were read aloud by California congressman Adam Schiff, one of the lawmakers selected by House Speaker Nancy Pelosi to manage and prosecute the case against the president. The trial is expected to start in earnest next week. But it’s unclear if the Republican-led chamber will vote to approve hearing from additional witnesses or consider new evidence. Also this week, six Democratic presidential candidates debated in Des Moines, Iowa, where in less than three weeks, primary voters will cast their ballots. Meanwhile, a new poll from the Public Policy Institute of California released this week shows Bernie Sanders with a slim lead over Joe Biden and Elizabeth Warren among likely primary voters in the Golden State. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, politics and government correspondent, KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ron Elving, senior Washington correspondent, NPR\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>‘The Political Mind of Jerry Brown’ \u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Few politicians have had such an enduring impact on California as Jerry Brown. He’s the longest serving governor in California history, serving a total of four terms, starting with his election in 1974 when he was just 36 years old. Brown was also mayor of Oakland, a state attorney general and a three-time presidential candidate, in his roughly 50-year political career. Now, a new KQED podcast explores his remarkable life and political thinking through dozens of hours of interviews recorded with the iconic leader and those who know him best. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guy Marzorati, politics and government reporter, KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Newly Discovered Recording of Anti-Vietnam War MLK Speech\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Monday, the nation will observe Martin Luther King Jr. Day. The slain civil rights leader would have turned 91 this past Wednesday. In 1967, exactly one year before his assassination in Memphis, as protests against the Vietnam War gripped the nation, King delivered a speech at the Riverside Church in New York City. He explained why he opposed the war, such as the devastating toll it was taking on poor black communities. Now, more than 50 years later, a newly discovered recording of King’s “Beyond Vietnam” speech has been discovered and made publicly available for a new generation to hear. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On stage, it’s the year 1981. A huddle of nerve-wracked teens waits to hear if state lawmakers will vote to pass \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=CBNWVWxKWgkC&pg=RA21-PA1&lpg=RA21-PA1&dq=Assembly+Bill+312+martin+luther+king+california&source=bl&ots=3WhsPPgZot&sig=ACfU3U0aa_t-CbUpXmCApmulIuw07MKNAw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU7saj0IvnAhX2CjQIHVtqC1kQ6AEwAnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=Assembly%20Bill%20312%20martin%20luther%20king%20california&f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assembly Bill 312\u003c/a>, the piece of legislation they’ve spent the last three years fighting for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The votes come down in a cascade of “yays” and “nays,” as tense piano music bubbles underneath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s close. Shoot! It could go either way,” says one student, in a state of high anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is “The Apollos,” a new play written, produced and performed by students from \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandtech.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oakland Technical High School \u003c/a>under the guidance of their drama teacher Ena Dallas. It’s based on the real-life story of an earlier generation of Oakland Tech students, who campaigned hard almost four decades ago to get Martin Luther King Jr. Day recognized as a California holiday — several years before the national holiday was signed into law in 1983.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/01/17/oakland-tech-high-school-honors-its-own-role-in-mlk-day-40-years-on/rs40751_danae-thornton-and-karen-kennedy-qut/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11796642\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11796642\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut.jpg\" alt='Oakland tech student actor Danae Thornton (left) plays the real-life Apollo Karen Kennedy in \"The Apollos\".' width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Tech student actor Danae Thornton (left) plays the real-life Apollo Karen Kennedy in “The Apollos.” \u003ccite>(Ena Dallas)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That class of students called themselves “The Apollos” after the NASA space program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Which means, ‘We who reach for the stars,’ ” says Karen Kennedy, one of the core group of five students who led the charge under the supervision of their teacher, Tay McArthur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11796656,news_11796439' label='Martin Luther King Jr.']Kennedy, now a retired teacher herself, says the idea to push for the holiday came up one day in McArthur’s government class. It was 1978, and the students were learning about the legislative process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mr. McArthur was going on with his long, long lectures,” Kennedy says. “And one of the questions came up was, ‘Why isn’t there a holiday for any people of color?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McArthur remembers it being a chance for the students to learn a real life lesson. “The students asked, ‘What would it take to make it happen for the state?’ ” says McArthur now. “And I said, ‘Open your books up to the page on how a bill becomes a law.’ I said, ‘This is what is required. It’s not easy.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation sent Kennedy and her fellow Apollos on a long and challenging journey, driven by their desire to honor Martin Luther King Jr., who was assassinated a decade earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There weren’t very many African American figures to look up to that were strong leaders,” Kennedy says. “And he was one of the main positive role models in our time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796634\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 425px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11796634\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40754_Tay-McArthur-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland Tech teacher Tay McArthur\" width=\"425\" height=\"292\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40754_Tay-McArthur-qut.jpg 425w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40754_Tay-McArthur-qut-160x110.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Tech teacher Tay McArthur \u003ccite>(Oakland Technical High School)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Apollos spent the next three years writing letters to lawmakers, knocking on doors to drum up signatures for their petition and making many, many early morning trips to Sacramento in McArthur’s car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He even had his license plate named ‘The Apollos,’ ” Kennedy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some politicians were receptive to the teenage lobbyists. But others pushed back. “Every time we made a positive gain, there was a setback,” she says. “But we never gave up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides being a lesson in the legislative process, McArthur also remembers how much it meant for the students to feel so empowered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the bill passed, they shrieked and cried,” McArthur says. “Those 16, 17 and 18 year olds had power they never dreamed of. That’s a biggie. They had so much satisfaction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty years later, the current crop of Oakland Tech students are carrying on their spirit both on stage and off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior Samuel Getachew, who co-wrote the new play and also performs in it, says Oakland Tech has a long history of student activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796632\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/01/17/oakland-tech-high-school-honors-its-own-role-in-mlk-day-40-years-on/rs40757_the-apollos-scene-3-qut/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11796632\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11796632\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut.jpg\" alt='The lead actors in \"The Apollos\", a new play written, performed and produced by Oakland Technical High School students.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The lead actors in “The Apollos,” a new play written, performed and produced by Oakland Technical High School students. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Huey P. Newton, one of the founders of the Black Panther Party, went here,” he says. “We’ve always loved a good protest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getachew is also a proud activist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my sophomore year, I was one of the lead organizers for a walkout in solidarity with the students from the Parkland shooting,” he says, reeling off a list of actions he’s undertaken. “We organized a voter registration drive in Tracy, California, which is a swing district for the upcoming midterm election.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getachew hopes his fellow students will find The Apollos’ story as much of a call to action as he does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mr. McArthur always taught his students that there was no excuse that lay in their age for them being unable to do what they wanted to do,” he says. “And I want the parents in the audience to know their kids are more capable than they may think.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“The Apollos” plays at Oakland Technical High School through Sunday, Jan 19. Tickets and information \u003ca href=\"https://m.bpt.me/event/4493246\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/archives/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California State Archives\u003c/a> contributed sourcing for this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "\"The Apollos,\" written, produced and performed by Oakland Tech students, is based on the real-life story of an earlier generation of students who campaigned to get MLK Day recognized as a California holiday.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On stage, it’s the year 1981. A huddle of nerve-wracked teens waits to hear if state lawmakers will vote to pass \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=CBNWVWxKWgkC&pg=RA21-PA1&lpg=RA21-PA1&dq=Assembly+Bill+312+martin+luther+king+california&source=bl&ots=3WhsPPgZot&sig=ACfU3U0aa_t-CbUpXmCApmulIuw07MKNAw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU7saj0IvnAhX2CjQIHVtqC1kQ6AEwAnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=Assembly%20Bill%20312%20martin%20luther%20king%20california&f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assembly Bill 312\u003c/a>, the piece of legislation they’ve spent the last three years fighting for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The votes come down in a cascade of “yays” and “nays,” as tense piano music bubbles underneath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s close. Shoot! It could go either way,” says one student, in a state of high anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is “The Apollos,” a new play written, produced and performed by students from \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandtech.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oakland Technical High School \u003c/a>under the guidance of their drama teacher Ena Dallas. It’s based on the real-life story of an earlier generation of Oakland Tech students, who campaigned hard almost four decades ago to get Martin Luther King Jr. Day recognized as a California holiday — several years before the national holiday was signed into law in 1983.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/01/17/oakland-tech-high-school-honors-its-own-role-in-mlk-day-40-years-on/rs40751_danae-thornton-and-karen-kennedy-qut/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11796642\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11796642\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut.jpg\" alt='Oakland tech student actor Danae Thornton (left) plays the real-life Apollo Karen Kennedy in \"The Apollos\".' width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40751_Danae-Thornton-and-Karen-Kennedy-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Tech student actor Danae Thornton (left) plays the real-life Apollo Karen Kennedy in “The Apollos.” \u003ccite>(Ena Dallas)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That class of students called themselves “The Apollos” after the NASA space program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Which means, ‘We who reach for the stars,’ ” says Karen Kennedy, one of the core group of five students who led the charge under the supervision of their teacher, Tay McArthur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Kennedy, now a retired teacher herself, says the idea to push for the holiday came up one day in McArthur’s government class. It was 1978, and the students were learning about the legislative process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mr. McArthur was going on with his long, long lectures,” Kennedy says. “And one of the questions came up was, ‘Why isn’t there a holiday for any people of color?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McArthur remembers it being a chance for the students to learn a real life lesson. “The students asked, ‘What would it take to make it happen for the state?’ ” says McArthur now. “And I said, ‘Open your books up to the page on how a bill becomes a law.’ I said, ‘This is what is required. It’s not easy.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation sent Kennedy and her fellow Apollos on a long and challenging journey, driven by their desire to honor Martin Luther King Jr., who was assassinated a decade earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There weren’t very many African American figures to look up to that were strong leaders,” Kennedy says. “And he was one of the main positive role models in our time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796634\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 425px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11796634\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40754_Tay-McArthur-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland Tech teacher Tay McArthur\" width=\"425\" height=\"292\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40754_Tay-McArthur-qut.jpg 425w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40754_Tay-McArthur-qut-160x110.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Tech teacher Tay McArthur \u003ccite>(Oakland Technical High School)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Apollos spent the next three years writing letters to lawmakers, knocking on doors to drum up signatures for their petition and making many, many early morning trips to Sacramento in McArthur’s car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He even had his license plate named ‘The Apollos,’ ” Kennedy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some politicians were receptive to the teenage lobbyists. But others pushed back. “Every time we made a positive gain, there was a setback,” she says. “But we never gave up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides being a lesson in the legislative process, McArthur also remembers how much it meant for the students to feel so empowered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the bill passed, they shrieked and cried,” McArthur says. “Those 16, 17 and 18 year olds had power they never dreamed of. That’s a biggie. They had so much satisfaction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty years later, the current crop of Oakland Tech students are carrying on their spirit both on stage and off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior Samuel Getachew, who co-wrote the new play and also performs in it, says Oakland Tech has a long history of student activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796632\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/01/17/oakland-tech-high-school-honors-its-own-role-in-mlk-day-40-years-on/rs40757_the-apollos-scene-3-qut/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11796632\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11796632\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut.jpg\" alt='The lead actors in \"The Apollos\", a new play written, performed and produced by Oakland Technical High School students.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40757_The-Apollos-scene-3-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The lead actors in “The Apollos,” a new play written, performed and produced by Oakland Technical High School students. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Huey P. Newton, one of the founders of the Black Panther Party, went here,” he says. “We’ve always loved a good protest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getachew is also a proud activist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my sophomore year, I was one of the lead organizers for a walkout in solidarity with the students from the Parkland shooting,” he says, reeling off a list of actions he’s undertaken. “We organized a voter registration drive in Tracy, California, which is a swing district for the upcoming midterm election.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getachew hopes his fellow students will find The Apollos’ story as much of a call to action as he does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mr. McArthur always taught his students that there was no excuse that lay in their age for them being unable to do what they wanted to do,” he says. “And I want the parents in the audience to know their kids are more capable than they may think.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“The Apollos” plays at Oakland Technical High School through Sunday, Jan 19. Tickets and information \u003ca href=\"https://m.bpt.me/event/4493246\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/archives/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California State Archives\u003c/a> contributed sourcing for this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "When Martin Luther King Jr. Spoke Out Against the Vietnam War",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\"Why are you speaking about the war, Dr. King? Why are you joining the voices of dissent? Peace and civil rights don’t mix, they say. Aren’t you hurting the cause of your people, they ask.\" — Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford’s \u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute\u003c/a> is marking this coming Martin Luther King Jr. Day with a newly released recording of the most controversial speech he ever gave — against the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.']'We were taking the black, young men who had been crippled by our society and sending them 8,000 miles away to guarantee liberties in Southeast Asia which they had not found in southwest Georgia and East Harlem.'[/pullquote] For years, historians had to muddle through a \u003ca href=\"http://okra.stanford.edu/media/audio/1967_04_04_beyond_vietnam.mp3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recording\u003c/a> probably made too far away from the pulpit where the civil rights leader spoke. But then the \u003ca href=\"https://www.trcnyc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Riverside Church\u003c/a> in New York City digitized their audio archives, and found\u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/news/never-released-recordings-dr-king-riverside-church-1961-1967\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> six clean recordings\u003c/a> of various speeches King gave at the church from 1961 to 1967.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other five recordings include: “Paul’s Letter to American Christians,” “The Dimensions of a Complete Life,” “A Knock at Midnight,” “The Man Who Was a Fool,” and “Transformed Nonconformist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Speech That Took a Stand\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But arguably “Beyond Vietnam” was the most famous, and widely denounced, since it came before the Tet Offensive and the massacre at My Lai — which turned public opinion in the U.S. broadly against the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King, who anticipated those concerns and addressed them preemptively in his speech, didn't see the cause of civil rights as separate from the cause of peace — for a few reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, it was clear to him, (and ultimately \u003ca href=\"https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/assets/1/7/African_Americans_in_the_Vietnam_War.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">proven\u003c/a> by research) that African American men were dying at disproportionate rates to defend a country that wasn’t doing right by them at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>We were taking the black, young men who had been crippled by our society and sending them 8,000 miles away to guarantee liberties in Southeast Asia which they had not found in southwest Georgia and East Harlem. So, we have been repeatedly faced with the cruel irony of watching Negro and white boys on TV screens as they kill and die together for a nation that has been unable to seat them together in the same schools. So, we watch them in brutal solidarity burning the huts of a poor village, but we realize that they would hardly live on the same block in Chicago.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>King also remarked on the way the nation's budget for war abroad gutted its budget at home for struggling Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>It seemed as if there was a real promise of hope for the poor, both black and white, through the poverty program. There were experiments, hopes, new beginnings. Then came the buildup in Vietnam, and I watched this program broken and eviscerated as if it were some idle political plaything of a society gone mad on war. And I knew that America would never invest the necessary funds or energies in rehabilitation of its poor so long as adventures like Vietnam continued to draw men and skills and money like some demonic, destructive suction tube. So, I was increasingly compelled to see the war as an enemy of the poor and to attack it as such.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But King’s concerns ranged far beyond Vietnam. Speaking with what he called “the fierce urgency of now,” he decried \"a deeper malady within the American spirit.\" Specifically, he saw a series of presidential administrations embroiling themselves in armed conflicts across the globe for the wrong reason, which he defined as corporate profit at the expense of human life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When machines and computers, profit motives and property rights, are considered more important than people, the giant triplets of racism, extreme materialism and militarism are incapable of being conquered,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clayborne Carson, who directs the Stanford Institute, said: \"He was concerned less about the war itself. More about what it said about our priorities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think he’s telling us if those resources could be devoted to making American society more just, more democratic, that would mean so much more to the security of the United States than anything that we could do abroad,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11719450\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1186px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11719450\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm.png\" alt=\"Martin Luther King Jr. at Stanford on April 14, 1967. The University is now home to the Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute, which has released recently discovered recordings of his speeches at Riverside Church in New York City.\" width=\"1186\" height=\"672\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm.png 1186w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm-160x91.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm-800x453.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm-1020x578.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1186px) 100vw, 1186px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Martin Luther King Jr. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11719386/remembering-martin-luther-king-jr-s-fight-against-poverty-and-the-vietnam-war\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">at Stanford\u003c/a> on April 14, 1967. The university is now home to the Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute, which has released recently discovered recordings of his speeches at Riverside Church in New York City. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Stanford University Libraries)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Negative Reaction, Even From His Allies\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In an editorial titled “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1967/04/07/archives/dr-kings-error.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. King’s Error,\u003c/a>” The New York Times wrote, “There are no simple or easy answers to the war in Vietnam or to racial injustice in this country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times, like other papers, took issue with King's fusing of the two problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Clayborne Carson, director of Stanford’s Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute']'He was concerned less about the war itself. More about what it said about our priorities.'[/pullquote]\"By drawing them together, Dr. King has done a disservice to both. The moral issues in Vietnam are less clear-cut than he suggests; the political strategy of uniting the peace movement and the civil rights movement could very well be disastrous for both causes,\" the Times wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King was also attacked by civil rights groups, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1967/04/11/archives/naacp-decries-stand-of-dr-king-on-vietnam-calls-it-a-serious.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NAACP.\u003c/a> As reported by The New York Times, the organization's 60-member board voted unanimously to issue a resolution condemning the speech, calling it \"a serious tactical mistake.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='martin-luther-king-jr' label='More Coverage']\"We are, of course, for a just peace. But there already exist dedicated organizations whose No. 1 task is to work for peace, just as our No. 1 job is to work for civil rights,\" the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They felt he was doing harm to the movement,\" Carson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it should have come as no surprise to King's allies that he was deeply troubled by the Vietnam War: He made multiple casual comments in the two years previous to \"Beyond Vietnam.\" His wife, Coretta Scott King, also spoke publicly against the war and was active in \u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/king-coretta-scott\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Women's Strike for Peace\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To some degree, he was a latecomer,\" Carson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What prompted King to finally \"come out\" about his feelings towards the war? A photo essay in \u003ca href=\"https://ratical.org/ratville/JFK/ChildrenOfVietnam.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ramparts Extra\u003c/a> magazine in early 1967, according to Carson. \"He realized at that point that he just had to speak out — simply seeing what napalm does to children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\"Why are you speaking about the war, Dr. King? Why are you joining the voices of dissent? Peace and civil rights don’t mix, they say. Aren’t you hurting the cause of your people, they ask.\" — Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford’s \u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute\u003c/a> is marking this coming Martin Luther King Jr. Day with a newly released recording of the most controversial speech he ever gave — against the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> For years, historians had to muddle through a \u003ca href=\"http://okra.stanford.edu/media/audio/1967_04_04_beyond_vietnam.mp3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recording\u003c/a> probably made too far away from the pulpit where the civil rights leader spoke. But then the \u003ca href=\"https://www.trcnyc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Riverside Church\u003c/a> in New York City digitized their audio archives, and found\u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/news/never-released-recordings-dr-king-riverside-church-1961-1967\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> six clean recordings\u003c/a> of various speeches King gave at the church from 1961 to 1967.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other five recordings include: “Paul’s Letter to American Christians,” “The Dimensions of a Complete Life,” “A Knock at Midnight,” “The Man Who Was a Fool,” and “Transformed Nonconformist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Speech That Took a Stand\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But arguably “Beyond Vietnam” was the most famous, and widely denounced, since it came before the Tet Offensive and the massacre at My Lai — which turned public opinion in the U.S. broadly against the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King, who anticipated those concerns and addressed them preemptively in his speech, didn't see the cause of civil rights as separate from the cause of peace — for a few reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, it was clear to him, (and ultimately \u003ca href=\"https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/assets/1/7/African_Americans_in_the_Vietnam_War.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">proven\u003c/a> by research) that African American men were dying at disproportionate rates to defend a country that wasn’t doing right by them at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>We were taking the black, young men who had been crippled by our society and sending them 8,000 miles away to guarantee liberties in Southeast Asia which they had not found in southwest Georgia and East Harlem. So, we have been repeatedly faced with the cruel irony of watching Negro and white boys on TV screens as they kill and die together for a nation that has been unable to seat them together in the same schools. So, we watch them in brutal solidarity burning the huts of a poor village, but we realize that they would hardly live on the same block in Chicago.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>King also remarked on the way the nation's budget for war abroad gutted its budget at home for struggling Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>It seemed as if there was a real promise of hope for the poor, both black and white, through the poverty program. There were experiments, hopes, new beginnings. Then came the buildup in Vietnam, and I watched this program broken and eviscerated as if it were some idle political plaything of a society gone mad on war. And I knew that America would never invest the necessary funds or energies in rehabilitation of its poor so long as adventures like Vietnam continued to draw men and skills and money like some demonic, destructive suction tube. So, I was increasingly compelled to see the war as an enemy of the poor and to attack it as such.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But King’s concerns ranged far beyond Vietnam. Speaking with what he called “the fierce urgency of now,” he decried \"a deeper malady within the American spirit.\" Specifically, he saw a series of presidential administrations embroiling themselves in armed conflicts across the globe for the wrong reason, which he defined as corporate profit at the expense of human life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When machines and computers, profit motives and property rights, are considered more important than people, the giant triplets of racism, extreme materialism and militarism are incapable of being conquered,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clayborne Carson, who directs the Stanford Institute, said: \"He was concerned less about the war itself. More about what it said about our priorities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think he’s telling us if those resources could be devoted to making American society more just, more democratic, that would mean so much more to the security of the United States than anything that we could do abroad,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11719450\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1186px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11719450\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm.png\" alt=\"Martin Luther King Jr. at Stanford on April 14, 1967. The University is now home to the Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute, which has released recently discovered recordings of his speeches at Riverside Church in New York City.\" width=\"1186\" height=\"672\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm.png 1186w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm-160x91.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm-800x453.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/e0e81fb2-screen-shot-2019-01-15-at-8.46.17-pm-1020x578.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1186px) 100vw, 1186px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Martin Luther King Jr. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11719386/remembering-martin-luther-king-jr-s-fight-against-poverty-and-the-vietnam-war\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">at Stanford\u003c/a> on April 14, 1967. The university is now home to the Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute, which has released recently discovered recordings of his speeches at Riverside Church in New York City. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Stanford University Libraries)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Negative Reaction, Even From His Allies\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In an editorial titled “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1967/04/07/archives/dr-kings-error.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. King’s Error,\u003c/a>” The New York Times wrote, “There are no simple or easy answers to the war in Vietnam or to racial injustice in this country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times, like other papers, took issue with King's fusing of the two problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"By drawing them together, Dr. King has done a disservice to both. The moral issues in Vietnam are less clear-cut than he suggests; the political strategy of uniting the peace movement and the civil rights movement could very well be disastrous for both causes,\" the Times wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King was also attacked by civil rights groups, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1967/04/11/archives/naacp-decries-stand-of-dr-king-on-vietnam-calls-it-a-serious.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NAACP.\u003c/a> As reported by The New York Times, the organization's 60-member board voted unanimously to issue a resolution condemning the speech, calling it \"a serious tactical mistake.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"We are, of course, for a just peace. But there already exist dedicated organizations whose No. 1 task is to work for peace, just as our No. 1 job is to work for civil rights,\" the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They felt he was doing harm to the movement,\" Carson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it should have come as no surprise to King's allies that he was deeply troubled by the Vietnam War: He made multiple casual comments in the two years previous to \"Beyond Vietnam.\" His wife, Coretta Scott King, also spoke publicly against the war and was active in \u003ca href=\"https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/king-coretta-scott\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Women's Strike for Peace\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To some degree, he was a latecomer,\" Carson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What prompted King to finally \"come out\" about his feelings towards the war? A photo essay in \u003ca href=\"https://ratical.org/ratville/JFK/ChildrenOfVietnam.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ramparts Extra\u003c/a> magazine in early 1967, according to Carson. \"He realized at that point that he just had to speak out — simply seeing what napalm does to children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>To honor Martin Luther King Jr.'s legacy, we're resurfacing footage of his last large-scale address in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven thousand people surrounded the stage to hear King's anti-war speech at UC Berkeley's Sproul Plaza on May 17, 1967. Speaking a few years after the passage of the Civil Rights and Voting Rights Acts, he talked about the need for a \"revolution of values,\" including a radical redistribution of economic wealth and political power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking out into the crowd of students — some sitting in trees, others crowded against the podium — he expressed his appreciation for the university's support of the civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Somehow I still have faith that keeps me going through these difficult days. ... I'll tell you why I have the faith, and it is because of universities like this where thousands of young people, black and white, who have the new vision that we need in this age,\" King said near the end of his speech. \"And so I can still sing 'We shall overcome.' I know many can't sing it now, but I can still sing it because I believe the arc of the moral universe is long but it bends towards justice.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED does not own the rights to the audio of this footage. You can view the entire speech \u003ca href=\"https://diva.sfsu.edu/collections/sfbatv/bundles/231146\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>To honor Martin Luther King Jr.'s legacy, we're resurfacing footage of his last large-scale address in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven thousand people surrounded the stage to hear King's anti-war speech at UC Berkeley's Sproul Plaza on May 17, 1967. Speaking a few years after the passage of the Civil Rights and Voting Rights Acts, he talked about the need for a \"revolution of values,\" including a radical redistribution of economic wealth and political power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking out into the crowd of students — some sitting in trees, others crowded against the podium — he expressed his appreciation for the university's support of the civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Somehow I still have faith that keeps me going through these difficult days. ... I'll tell you why I have the faith, and it is because of universities like this where thousands of young people, black and white, who have the new vision that we need in this age,\" King said near the end of his speech. \"And so I can still sing 'We shall overcome.' I know many can't sing it now, but I can still sing it because I believe the arc of the moral universe is long but it bends towards justice.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED does not own the rights to the audio of this footage. You can view the entire speech \u003ca href=\"https://diva.sfsu.edu/collections/sfbatv/bundles/231146\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "why-a-california-artist-is-taking-the-frida-kahlo-corporation-to-court",
"title": "Why a California Artist Is Taking the Frida Kahlo Corporation to Court",
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"content": "\u003cp>Frida Kahlo is everywhere. The iconic Mexican artist’s defiant red-painted lips, knowing gaze and proudly worn unibrow framed by serpentine braids can be seen on the front of countless mugs, socks, key rings, mouse pads and pieces of jewelry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Makers sell these products in stores and on websites like \u003ca href=\"https://www.etsy.com/search?q=frida%20kahlo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Etsy\u003c/a>, where the search term “Frida Kahlo” brings up nearly 20,000 results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Frida Kahlo brand is big business, too. Multinational corporations like Mattel and Converse are also cashing in on the iconic artist, marketing products like the \u003ca href=\"https://barbie.mattel.com/shop/en-us/ba/inspiring-women-series/barbie-inspiring-women-series-frida-kahlo-doll-fjh65\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Barbie doll\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=2133795450259477\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida sneakers\u003c/a>, respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1XPZW7KlP-I\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now, some small-scale artisans are finding themselves in a head-to-head fight against those corporations, a confrontation that raises complex questions about ownership of cultural heroes in the digital age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of these artists is \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/crismeloearth/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cris Melo\u003c/a>. The Brazilian-born painter lives in Nice, a small town in Lake County, and has been making whimsical portraits inspired by Frida Kahlo’s image for the past 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795172\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11795172 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A selection of Cris Melo’s Frida Kahlo-inspired paintings \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Melo says she isn’t a particularly religious person. But she feels very attached to Kahlo and sometimes even offers up a prayer to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell her, I’m not doing this for me. I’m doing this for you,” she says. “So stand with me. Hold my hand. Because it’s scary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melo is timid and elfin, with dark eyes and a wide, expressive mouth. She certainly doesn’t look like the type of person who’d launch legal proceedings against a powerful corporation. Yet she’s suing the company that claims to own the Frida Kahlo brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Making an Icon\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Though the Mexican government has declared Kahlo’s works part of the country’s national heritage, and people \u003ca href=\"https://artdaily.cc/news/39818/Visitors-Wait-in-Line-for-Seven-Hours-to-See-Frida-Kahlo-Exhibition-in-Berlin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wait in line for hours\u003c/a> to see exhibitions of the artist’s work at major museums around the world, she wasn’t at all well-known during her lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kahlo spent years living in the shadow of her husband, the monumental Mexican muralist \u003ca href=\"https://www.moma.org/artists/4942\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Diego Rivera\u003c/a>. It wasn’t until the 1970s, more than 20 years after her death, that Kahlo biographies began to appear, lifting her out of obscurity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795363\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 314px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11795363\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40715_Frida_Kahlo_Diego_Rivera_1932-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"314\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40715_Frida_Kahlo_Diego_Rivera_1932-qut.jpg 314w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40715_Frida_Kahlo_Diego_Rivera_1932-qut-160x207.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 314px) 100vw, 314px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frida Kahlo and her husband Diego Rivera \u003ccite>(Carl Van Vechten / Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her paintings started to fetch millions of dollars at auctions. Then, in 2002, came the release of the \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/uOUzQYqba4Y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“Frida” biopic\u003c/a>, starring Salma Hayek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The movie helped amplify the Kahlo brand; it became synonymous with feminine strength in the face of adversity, as well as outsider-underdog power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was a female artist, and Mexican, dark-skinned, disabled and queer,” says Circe Henestrosa, curator of a \u003ca href=\"https://deyoung.famsf.org/press-room/frida-kahlo-appearances-can-be-deceiving\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">major Kahlo exhibition\u003c/a> traveling to San Francisco’s de Young Museum in March. “Frida’s persona and ethos represents and gives hope and a voice to all these different, diverse groups.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Big Business\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Even before the movie came out, Melo was among the many artists who not only identified with Kahlo, but also found a way to capitalize on all the Fridamania. In 2001, after noticing Kahlo-inspired products on eBay, Melo set up her own online storefront, featuring her Kahlo-like paintings printed on a range of everyday goods, like magnets, T-shirts and tote bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, I would refresh the computer every time and there would be a new bid,” Melo says. “It was amazing. It was so good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then something changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 2004, Carlos Dorado, a Venezuelan businessman, also saw a big economic opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorado teamed up with the artist’s niece, Isolda Pinedo Kahlo, and eventually her daughter, to launch the \u003ca href=\"https://fridakahlocorporation.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Kahlo Corporation\u003c/a> (FKC), which registered dozens of Kahlo-related trademarks and set about licensing a pile of merchandise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FKC’s portfolio includes products like \u003ca href=\"http://www.dpsons.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Kahlo tequila\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ulta.com/frida-kahlo-by-ulta-beauty-signature-box?productId=pimprod2007518\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Kahlo makeup\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sassandbelle.co.uk/search-results/?pricelistid=6&sessionid=63231241&searchterm_submit=go&searchterm=frida+tweezers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Kahlo Tweezers\u003c/a> — an odd choice given the artist’s iconic unibrow — and the aforementioned Barbie doll and Converse sneakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an honor to have a piece of Frida Kahlo that will inspire you day-to-day,” FKC spokeswoman Beatriz Alvarado told NPR \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/02/616129555/as-mexico-capitalizes-on-her-image-has-frida-kahlo-become-over-commercialized\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in a 2018\u003c/a> interview about the Kahlo Barbie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Cris Melo']‘We have been selling Frida all these years with no problem. And now they want us to pay them to sell Fridas. This is our work. We don’t have to.’[/pullquote]While the company was making mega-deals with the likes of Mattel, they were also trying to get individual artists like Melo to pay them for the right to sell their Kahlo-inspired art online by entering into licensing partnerships with online marketplaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvarado declined to speak directly with KQED for this story, though she did respond to a some questions by email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“FKC has a legal obligation to police its trademarks,” Alvarado said in her email. “Otherwise, FKC will lose its trademark rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Takedown Troubles\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>That didn’t sit well with Melo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been selling Frida all these years with no problem,” she says. “And now they want us to pay them to sell Fridas. This is our work. We don’t have to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she ignored payment-request notices from the company. But in October 2011, she received a message from \u003ca href=\"https://www.zazzle.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Zazzle\u003c/a>, one of the online marketplaces where she sells her work, concerning a Kahlo-inspired greeting card she had displayed on the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795367\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795367\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-800x757.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"757\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-800x757.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-1020x965.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-1200x1136.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut.jpg 1232w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cris Melo’s first takedown notice from Zazzle. \u003ccite>(Screenshot from Zazzle website)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They sent me an email saying that I was violating trademarks, and they were going to take it down,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was the first of many such emails, promptly followed by takedowns. But only some of her Kahlo-centric creations were being removed, which Melo says seemed frustratingly arbitrary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was mad from the get go,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t just Melo’s finances that took a hit. Her health did, too. She felt depressed and helpless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I stopped painting Frida for a while,” she says. “Because if this is going to be happening, why am I going to paint more?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melo’s situation was far from unique. On social media, she discovered many other artists dealing with similar frustrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvarado, the FKC representative, in an email said her company’s mission is to “protect the Frida Kahlo legacy.” And she denied taking artists’ work down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technically that’s true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FKC doesn’t do the takedowns directly. The company uses a “brand protection agency” called \u003ca href=\"https://www.redpoints.com/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=us-bus-001&utm_content=redpoints-branding&utm_term=red%20points&gclid=CjwKCAiAu9vwBRAEEiwAzvjq-8Vb8OB0SOeh4RUgvXMtSisdMB1OMbA8C0xG3gugn-6OPSWXAcZEUxoCv4YQAvD_BwE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Red Points\u003c/a> to scout the web for potential trademark violations. Its technology then alerts popular online artisan marketplaces like Zazzle and \u003ca href=\"https://www.redbubble.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Redbubble\u003c/a> when it identifies red flags. And then those sites take the work down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not in a position to be the legal arbiter on the platform,” says Redbubble CEO Barry Newstead, adding that he trusts rights holders like FKC to do their due diligence. “It is their responsibility to ensure that they are actually, you know, requesting stuff to be taken down that is is actually infringing,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Taking It to the Courthouse\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But sometimes the technology takes content down that’s not actually an infringement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FKC does not own all things Frida Kahlo — just material in the product lines that they’ve trademarked. And that doesn’t necessarily include work by Melo and other artists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Melo is now \u003ca href=\"https://dockets.justia.com/docket/california/candce/3:2019cv05449/347489\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suing FKC in federal court \u003c/a>in San Francisco, alleging that using the name “Frida Kahlo” to describe her paintings of the artist does not infringe on any of the company’s ownership rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are my images from my imagination,” Melo says. “I’m painting a public figure. I don’t know what I’m doing wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cbJlpO4JiA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, in fact, FKC agrees — sort of. In legal documents, the company acknowledged that Melo’s work was removed in error and was then promptly reinstated. But it then changed its position, arguing that some of the takedowns may have been legally justifiable. Regardless, Melo says she is still receiving takedown notices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes, in the course of policing unauthorized use of FKC’s trademarks, Red Points may accidentally capture non-infringing use of the Frida Kahlo brand by artists that are describing their artwork,” FKC’s Alvarado said in an email. “The Frida Kahlo Corporation has always been willing to work with these listings to have them modified and adapted to honor Frida Kahlo without infringing FKC’s trademark rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Celebrity Brands\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many celebrities, both living and deceased, are at the center of squabbles over unauthorized commercial uses of their brands. Besides Kahlo, there have been disputes in recent years involving actor Humphrey Bogart, civil rights activist Rosa Parks and graffiti artist Banksy, to name but three.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proliferation of cases isn’t surprising. Many celebrity brands, from Marilyn Monroe to Bob Marley, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/steveolenski/2017/06/12/the-branding-of-dead-celebrities/#7f960b8d6d80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">worth tens of millions of dollars\u003c/a>. And the laws governing intellectual property are complex and often exceedingly difficult to understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some legal observers say Melo’s case points to a larger issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really highlights the fact that small artists, they’re held captive to online marketplaces, and that corporations, such as the Frida Kahlo Corporation, can send numerous and maybe improper takedown notices without much oversight from the platform,” says Louise Carron, who runs the \u003ca href=\"https://itsartlaw.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center for Art Law\u003c/a>, a research and education nonprofit based in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think one of the most important issues raised by this case is a general trend towards trying to commercialize and own famous people and historical public figures,” adds Jennifer Rothman, professor of law at \u003ca href=\"https://www.lls.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Loyola Law School\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. “And that raises some very complicated questions about what limits there are on the public’s ability to engage with these people, as well as for artists to refer to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why some artists like Melo are testing that power in the courts, in an effort to continue pursuing their livelihoods and keep important public figures, like Frida Kahlo, within the public realm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge will hear Melo’s case at the end of the month and decide whether to throw the case out or force FKC to stop its agents from issuing takedown notices to Melo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I would like as an artist is for us to go back to being able to paint Frida and sell her just the way we did before the Frida Kahlo Corporation was formed,” Melo says. “I just want us to be free to continue doing what we did without harassment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Why a California Artist Is Taking the Frida Kahlo Corporation to Court | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Frida Kahlo is everywhere. The iconic Mexican artist’s defiant red-painted lips, knowing gaze and proudly worn unibrow framed by serpentine braids can be seen on the front of countless mugs, socks, key rings, mouse pads and pieces of jewelry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Makers sell these products in stores and on websites like \u003ca href=\"https://www.etsy.com/search?q=frida%20kahlo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Etsy\u003c/a>, where the search term “Frida Kahlo” brings up nearly 20,000 results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Frida Kahlo brand is big business, too. Multinational corporations like Mattel and Converse are also cashing in on the iconic artist, marketing products like the \u003ca href=\"https://barbie.mattel.com/shop/en-us/ba/inspiring-women-series/barbie-inspiring-women-series-frida-kahlo-doll-fjh65\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Barbie doll\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=2133795450259477\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida sneakers\u003c/a>, respectively.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/1XPZW7KlP-I'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/1XPZW7KlP-I'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>And now, some small-scale artisans are finding themselves in a head-to-head fight against those corporations, a confrontation that raises complex questions about ownership of cultural heroes in the digital age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of these artists is \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/crismeloearth/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cris Melo\u003c/a>. The Brazilian-born painter lives in Nice, a small town in Lake County, and has been making whimsical portraits inspired by Frida Kahlo’s image for the past 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795172\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11795172 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40660_frida-art-by-cris-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A selection of Cris Melo’s Frida Kahlo-inspired paintings \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Melo says she isn’t a particularly religious person. But she feels very attached to Kahlo and sometimes even offers up a prayer to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell her, I’m not doing this for me. I’m doing this for you,” she says. “So stand with me. Hold my hand. Because it’s scary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melo is timid and elfin, with dark eyes and a wide, expressive mouth. She certainly doesn’t look like the type of person who’d launch legal proceedings against a powerful corporation. Yet she’s suing the company that claims to own the Frida Kahlo brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Making an Icon\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Though the Mexican government has declared Kahlo’s works part of the country’s national heritage, and people \u003ca href=\"https://artdaily.cc/news/39818/Visitors-Wait-in-Line-for-Seven-Hours-to-See-Frida-Kahlo-Exhibition-in-Berlin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wait in line for hours\u003c/a> to see exhibitions of the artist’s work at major museums around the world, she wasn’t at all well-known during her lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kahlo spent years living in the shadow of her husband, the monumental Mexican muralist \u003ca href=\"https://www.moma.org/artists/4942\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Diego Rivera\u003c/a>. It wasn’t until the 1970s, more than 20 years after her death, that Kahlo biographies began to appear, lifting her out of obscurity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795363\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 314px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11795363\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40715_Frida_Kahlo_Diego_Rivera_1932-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"314\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40715_Frida_Kahlo_Diego_Rivera_1932-qut.jpg 314w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40715_Frida_Kahlo_Diego_Rivera_1932-qut-160x207.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 314px) 100vw, 314px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frida Kahlo and her husband Diego Rivera \u003ccite>(Carl Van Vechten / Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her paintings started to fetch millions of dollars at auctions. Then, in 2002, came the release of the \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/uOUzQYqba4Y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“Frida” biopic\u003c/a>, starring Salma Hayek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The movie helped amplify the Kahlo brand; it became synonymous with feminine strength in the face of adversity, as well as outsider-underdog power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was a female artist, and Mexican, dark-skinned, disabled and queer,” says Circe Henestrosa, curator of a \u003ca href=\"https://deyoung.famsf.org/press-room/frida-kahlo-appearances-can-be-deceiving\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">major Kahlo exhibition\u003c/a> traveling to San Francisco’s de Young Museum in March. “Frida’s persona and ethos represents and gives hope and a voice to all these different, diverse groups.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Big Business\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Even before the movie came out, Melo was among the many artists who not only identified with Kahlo, but also found a way to capitalize on all the Fridamania. In 2001, after noticing Kahlo-inspired products on eBay, Melo set up her own online storefront, featuring her Kahlo-like paintings printed on a range of everyday goods, like magnets, T-shirts and tote bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, I would refresh the computer every time and there would be a new bid,” Melo says. “It was amazing. It was so good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then something changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 2004, Carlos Dorado, a Venezuelan businessman, also saw a big economic opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorado teamed up with the artist’s niece, Isolda Pinedo Kahlo, and eventually her daughter, to launch the \u003ca href=\"https://fridakahlocorporation.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Kahlo Corporation\u003c/a> (FKC), which registered dozens of Kahlo-related trademarks and set about licensing a pile of merchandise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FKC’s portfolio includes products like \u003ca href=\"http://www.dpsons.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Kahlo tequila\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ulta.com/frida-kahlo-by-ulta-beauty-signature-box?productId=pimprod2007518\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Kahlo makeup\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sassandbelle.co.uk/search-results/?pricelistid=6&sessionid=63231241&searchterm_submit=go&searchterm=frida+tweezers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frida Kahlo Tweezers\u003c/a> — an odd choice given the artist’s iconic unibrow — and the aforementioned Barbie doll and Converse sneakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an honor to have a piece of Frida Kahlo that will inspire you day-to-day,” FKC spokeswoman Beatriz Alvarado told NPR \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/02/616129555/as-mexico-capitalizes-on-her-image-has-frida-kahlo-become-over-commercialized\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in a 2018\u003c/a> interview about the Kahlo Barbie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We have been selling Frida all these years with no problem. And now they want us to pay them to sell Fridas. This is our work. We don’t have to.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While the company was making mega-deals with the likes of Mattel, they were also trying to get individual artists like Melo to pay them for the right to sell their Kahlo-inspired art online by entering into licensing partnerships with online marketplaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvarado declined to speak directly with KQED for this story, though she did respond to a some questions by email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“FKC has a legal obligation to police its trademarks,” Alvarado said in her email. “Otherwise, FKC will lose its trademark rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Takedown Troubles\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>That didn’t sit well with Melo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been selling Frida all these years with no problem,” she says. “And now they want us to pay them to sell Fridas. This is our work. We don’t have to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she ignored payment-request notices from the company. But in October 2011, she received a message from \u003ca href=\"https://www.zazzle.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Zazzle\u003c/a>, one of the online marketplaces where she sells her work, concerning a Kahlo-inspired greeting card she had displayed on the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795367\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795367\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-800x757.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"757\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-800x757.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-1020x965.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut-1200x1136.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40716_zazzle-qut.jpg 1232w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cris Melo’s first takedown notice from Zazzle. \u003ccite>(Screenshot from Zazzle website)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They sent me an email saying that I was violating trademarks, and they were going to take it down,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was the first of many such emails, promptly followed by takedowns. But only some of her Kahlo-centric creations were being removed, which Melo says seemed frustratingly arbitrary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was mad from the get go,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t just Melo’s finances that took a hit. Her health did, too. She felt depressed and helpless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I stopped painting Frida for a while,” she says. “Because if this is going to be happening, why am I going to paint more?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melo’s situation was far from unique. On social media, she discovered many other artists dealing with similar frustrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvarado, the FKC representative, in an email said her company’s mission is to “protect the Frida Kahlo legacy.” And she denied taking artists’ work down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technically that’s true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FKC doesn’t do the takedowns directly. The company uses a “brand protection agency” called \u003ca href=\"https://www.redpoints.com/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=us-bus-001&utm_content=redpoints-branding&utm_term=red%20points&gclid=CjwKCAiAu9vwBRAEEiwAzvjq-8Vb8OB0SOeh4RUgvXMtSisdMB1OMbA8C0xG3gugn-6OPSWXAcZEUxoCv4YQAvD_BwE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Red Points\u003c/a> to scout the web for potential trademark violations. Its technology then alerts popular online artisan marketplaces like Zazzle and \u003ca href=\"https://www.redbubble.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Redbubble\u003c/a> when it identifies red flags. And then those sites take the work down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not in a position to be the legal arbiter on the platform,” says Redbubble CEO Barry Newstead, adding that he trusts rights holders like FKC to do their due diligence. “It is their responsibility to ensure that they are actually, you know, requesting stuff to be taken down that is is actually infringing,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Taking It to the Courthouse\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But sometimes the technology takes content down that’s not actually an infringement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FKC does not own all things Frida Kahlo — just material in the product lines that they’ve trademarked. And that doesn’t necessarily include work by Melo and other artists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Melo is now \u003ca href=\"https://dockets.justia.com/docket/california/candce/3:2019cv05449/347489\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suing FKC in federal court \u003c/a>in San Francisco, alleging that using the name “Frida Kahlo” to describe her paintings of the artist does not infringe on any of the company’s ownership rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are my images from my imagination,” Melo says. “I’m painting a public figure. I don’t know what I’m doing wrong.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/_cbJlpO4JiA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/_cbJlpO4JiA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>And, in fact, FKC agrees — sort of. In legal documents, the company acknowledged that Melo’s work was removed in error and was then promptly reinstated. But it then changed its position, arguing that some of the takedowns may have been legally justifiable. Regardless, Melo says she is still receiving takedown notices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes, in the course of policing unauthorized use of FKC’s trademarks, Red Points may accidentally capture non-infringing use of the Frida Kahlo brand by artists that are describing their artwork,” FKC’s Alvarado said in an email. “The Frida Kahlo Corporation has always been willing to work with these listings to have them modified and adapted to honor Frida Kahlo without infringing FKC’s trademark rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Celebrity Brands\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many celebrities, both living and deceased, are at the center of squabbles over unauthorized commercial uses of their brands. Besides Kahlo, there have been disputes in recent years involving actor Humphrey Bogart, civil rights activist Rosa Parks and graffiti artist Banksy, to name but three.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proliferation of cases isn’t surprising. Many celebrity brands, from Marilyn Monroe to Bob Marley, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/steveolenski/2017/06/12/the-branding-of-dead-celebrities/#7f960b8d6d80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">worth tens of millions of dollars\u003c/a>. And the laws governing intellectual property are complex and often exceedingly difficult to understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some legal observers say Melo’s case points to a larger issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really highlights the fact that small artists, they’re held captive to online marketplaces, and that corporations, such as the Frida Kahlo Corporation, can send numerous and maybe improper takedown notices without much oversight from the platform,” says Louise Carron, who runs the \u003ca href=\"https://itsartlaw.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center for Art Law\u003c/a>, a research and education nonprofit based in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think one of the most important issues raised by this case is a general trend towards trying to commercialize and own famous people and historical public figures,” adds Jennifer Rothman, professor of law at \u003ca href=\"https://www.lls.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Loyola Law School\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. “And that raises some very complicated questions about what limits there are on the public’s ability to engage with these people, as well as for artists to refer to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why some artists like Melo are testing that power in the courts, in an effort to continue pursuing their livelihoods and keep important public figures, like Frida Kahlo, within the public realm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge will hear Melo’s case at the end of the month and decide whether to throw the case out or force FKC to stop its agents from issuing takedown notices to Melo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I would like as an artist is for us to go back to being able to paint Frida and sell her just the way we did before the Frida Kahlo Corporation was formed,” Melo says. “I just want us to be free to continue doing what we did without harassment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "San Francisco Report Reveals Large Discrepancy of Public Spaces Named After Women",
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"content": "\u003cp>Out of all of San Francisco's parks, buildings, streets and art named after people, just 13 percent are women, according to \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/dosw/sites/default/files/DOSW%202019%20Report%20Representation%20of%20Women%20in%20City%20Property.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a report\u003c/a> published by the Department on the Status of Women last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the first time the city has completed a comprehensive analysis of who public spaces are named after and their gender, according to the report's authors, and may lead to increased pressure for lawmakers to reconsider who is named on city property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not a good ratio,\" said the department's Public Policy Fellow Micaela Leonarte, who led the research for the study. \"[It's] a huge disparity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Diving Into the Numbers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>City streets named after people represent the largest gender gap in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Out of 596 streets, only seven percent are named after women. (Leonarte noted that a large majority of women-named streets are clustered in the Bayview-Hunters Point and Lake Merced neighborhoods.)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1494px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11794073\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture.png 1494w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture-160x78.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture-800x388.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture-1020x495.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture-1200x582.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1494px) 100vw, 1494px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Out of 596 streets named after people in San Francisco, only seven percent are named after women. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Department on the Status of Women)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Next is public art, where out of 68 monuments or memorials, only nine percent are female.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Buildings fared slightly better; out of 106 buildings, 14 percent represent women.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Parks, which include gardens, playgrounds, golf courses and other spaces, had the highest representation of women. Out of 128 spots, 22 percent are named after women.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Department on the Status of Women Director Emily Murase said that the results of the study are neither good or bad. \"I think this report was really bench marking, saying, 'Here are the facts,'\" she said. \"It's an artifact of old thinking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established in 1975, the Department on the Status of Women \"promotes equitable treatment and fosters the advancement of women and girls throughout San Francisco through policies, legislation, and programs,\" \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/dosw/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to their website\u003c/a>. The department's 2018-19 budget was close to \u003ca href=\"https://sfmayor.org/sites/default/files/CSF_Budget_Book_June_2019_Final_Web_REV2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$10 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wasn't too surprised [with the results],\" said Breanna Zwart, who serves as the president of the Department on the Status of Women's commission. \"When you look at public spaces, who do we choose to exalt? And who do we not? This report takes a hard look at trying to correct that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Increasing Representation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The findings of the report are the result of \u003ca href=\"https://sfbos.org/sites/default/files/o0243-18.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ordinance 243-18\u003c/a>, a piece of legislation \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11695768/s-f-moves-toward-requiring-more-representation-of-women-in-public-spaces\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">passed in Oct. 2018\u003c/a> that required the study and ultimately seeks to increase women's representation in San Francisco's public spaces to 30 percent total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance cites research that suggests once the 30 percent number is reached, \"voices of the minority group become heard in their own right, rather than simply representing the minority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Leonarte and Murase said they hope that this new report serves as a guide for San Francisco's city supervisors to either create new spaces named after women, or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710877/san-francisco-unveils-frida-kahlo-way-renaming-phelan-avenue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rename existing ones\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Department on the Status of Women Commission President Breanna Zwart']'When you look at public spaces, who do we choose to exalt? And who do we not? This report takes a hard look at trying to correct that.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's always controversial,\" Murase said, referring to the renaming process. \"There is going to be pros and cons to taking someone's name [away].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City supervisors have the final vote on renaming buildings, streets and art, while a seven-member Parks Department commission votes on renaming parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the Parks Department said they were \"committed to rectifying\" the lack of female representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Women's accomplishments must be celebrated and honored in public spaces, just as men's have been recognized throughout history, and we will work with the parks community and City officials to continue to right this wrong,\" the department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794032\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11794032 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/LavaThomas_MayaAngelouSculpture_Front_COVER-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/LavaThomas_MayaAngelouSculpture_Front_COVER-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/LavaThomas_MayaAngelouSculpture_Front_COVER-1020x574-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/LavaThomas_MayaAngelouSculpture_Front_COVER-1020x574-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A rendering of a proposed monument to Maya Angelou, \"Portrait of a Phenomenal Woman,\" outside San Francisco's main library branch. (Courtesy of Eren Hebert)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Efforts to build new spaces with female representation are already underway in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of Ordinance 243-18 calls for a work of public art in front of the city's main library depicting poet and civil rights activist Maya Angelou, who was the \u003ca href=\"https://sfist.com/2014/05/28/how_maya_angelou_became_san_francis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">city's first African-American female streetcar conductor\u003c/a> in 1944. There is disagreement, however, between the city's Arts Department and local arts community \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11789064/the-debate-in-s-f-over-representing-women-in-public-art\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">over how Angelou should be depicted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Catherine Stefani, who helped author the ordinance, did not provide a comment in time for publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Out of all of San Francisco's parks, buildings, streets and art named after people, just 13 percent are women, according to \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/dosw/sites/default/files/DOSW%202019%20Report%20Representation%20of%20Women%20in%20City%20Property.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a report\u003c/a> published by the Department on the Status of Women last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the first time the city has completed a comprehensive analysis of who public spaces are named after and their gender, according to the report's authors, and may lead to increased pressure for lawmakers to reconsider who is named on city property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not a good ratio,\" said the department's Public Policy Fellow Micaela Leonarte, who led the research for the study. \"[It's] a huge disparity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Diving Into the Numbers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>City streets named after people represent the largest gender gap in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Out of 596 streets, only seven percent are named after women. (Leonarte noted that a large majority of women-named streets are clustered in the Bayview-Hunters Point and Lake Merced neighborhoods.)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1494px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11794073\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture.png 1494w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture-160x78.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture-800x388.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture-1020x495.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Capture-1200x582.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1494px) 100vw, 1494px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Out of 596 streets named after people in San Francisco, only seven percent are named after women. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Department on the Status of Women)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Next is public art, where out of 68 monuments or memorials, only nine percent are female.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Buildings fared slightly better; out of 106 buildings, 14 percent represent women.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Parks, which include gardens, playgrounds, golf courses and other spaces, had the highest representation of women. Out of 128 spots, 22 percent are named after women.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Department on the Status of Women Director Emily Murase said that the results of the study are neither good or bad. \"I think this report was really bench marking, saying, 'Here are the facts,'\" she said. \"It's an artifact of old thinking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established in 1975, the Department on the Status of Women \"promotes equitable treatment and fosters the advancement of women and girls throughout San Francisco through policies, legislation, and programs,\" \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/dosw/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to their website\u003c/a>. The department's 2018-19 budget was close to \u003ca href=\"https://sfmayor.org/sites/default/files/CSF_Budget_Book_June_2019_Final_Web_REV2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$10 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wasn't too surprised [with the results],\" said Breanna Zwart, who serves as the president of the Department on the Status of Women's commission. \"When you look at public spaces, who do we choose to exalt? And who do we not? This report takes a hard look at trying to correct that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Increasing Representation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The findings of the report are the result of \u003ca href=\"https://sfbos.org/sites/default/files/o0243-18.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ordinance 243-18\u003c/a>, a piece of legislation \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11695768/s-f-moves-toward-requiring-more-representation-of-women-in-public-spaces\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">passed in Oct. 2018\u003c/a> that required the study and ultimately seeks to increase women's representation in San Francisco's public spaces to 30 percent total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance cites research that suggests once the 30 percent number is reached, \"voices of the minority group become heard in their own right, rather than simply representing the minority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Leonarte and Murase said they hope that this new report serves as a guide for San Francisco's city supervisors to either create new spaces named after women, or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710877/san-francisco-unveils-frida-kahlo-way-renaming-phelan-avenue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rename existing ones\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's always controversial,\" Murase said, referring to the renaming process. \"There is going to be pros and cons to taking someone's name [away].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City supervisors have the final vote on renaming buildings, streets and art, while a seven-member Parks Department commission votes on renaming parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the Parks Department said they were \"committed to rectifying\" the lack of female representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Women's accomplishments must be celebrated and honored in public spaces, just as men's have been recognized throughout history, and we will work with the parks community and City officials to continue to right this wrong,\" the department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794032\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11794032 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/LavaThomas_MayaAngelouSculpture_Front_COVER-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/LavaThomas_MayaAngelouSculpture_Front_COVER-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/LavaThomas_MayaAngelouSculpture_Front_COVER-1020x574-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/LavaThomas_MayaAngelouSculpture_Front_COVER-1020x574-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A rendering of a proposed monument to Maya Angelou, \"Portrait of a Phenomenal Woman,\" outside San Francisco's main library branch. (Courtesy of Eren Hebert)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Efforts to build new spaces with female representation are already underway in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of Ordinance 243-18 calls for a work of public art in front of the city's main library depicting poet and civil rights activist Maya Angelou, who was the \u003ca href=\"https://sfist.com/2014/05/28/how_maya_angelou_became_san_francis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">city's first African-American female streetcar conductor\u003c/a> in 1944. There is disagreement, however, between the city's Arts Department and local arts community \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11789064/the-debate-in-s-f-over-representing-women-in-public-art\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">over how Angelou should be depicted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Catherine Stefani, who helped author the ordinance, did not provide a comment in time for publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "What Are Those Grids of Glass in the Sidewalk — And Why Are They Purple?",
"headTitle": "What Are Those Grids of Glass in the Sidewalk — And Why Are They Purple? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>All over the city you can see glass squares and circles in big grid patterns covering a few feet of sidewalk. Sometimes the glass is clear, but often it’s a purple hue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What are they?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>They’re vault lights, which are essentially skylights for below ground. The little glass pieces are projecting sunlight down into subterranean spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the top of the glass is flat, so it doesn’t trip anyone, underneath the glass can take a variety of shapes. Some are shaped into prism forms that diffuse and bend the light so it reaches the inner areas of underground spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792094\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 609px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11792094\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights.jpg\" alt=\"This is originally from a 1914 "Metal Building Materials" catalog, displaying "Berger's Raydiant Sidewalk Lights."\" width=\"609\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights.jpg 609w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights-160x68.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This illustration appeared in a 1914 “Metal Building Materials” catalog, displaying “Berger’s Raydiant Sidewalk Lights.” \u003ccite>(Collection of Ian Macky /glassian.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Across the country, vault lights are used to illuminate a variety of iconic and interesting projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vault lights were used to light \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/19/realestate/streetscapes-subway-platforms-letting-the-sun-shine-in.html\">some of New York City’s first subway stations\u003c/a> and were placed in the ground of the opulent passenger concourse in the city’s original Pennsylvania Station. In that now destroyed icon, natural light would pour through the buildings arched glass canopy and would then spill down into the lower levels of the station through hundreds of vault lights in the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791702\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-800x628.png\" alt=\"The passenger concourse at the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, built in 1910. The floor is covered in vault lighting.\" width=\"800\" height=\"628\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-800x628.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-160x126.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-1020x801.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation.png 1190w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The passenger concourse at the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, built in 1910. The ground is mostly made up of pieces of glass that provide vault lighting. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1862, parts of Sacramento were raised as much as 14 feet to protect against flooding. (That year, California’s newly elected governor, Leland Stanford, was brought to his inauguration in a rowboat.) In some places, instead of lifting the building, they simply built over the first floor. Which means below the sidewalk it’s now possible to walk between abandoned storefronts, bathed in the purple glow of vault lights. Similar projects have taken place in cities across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792461\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792461\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old sidewalk prisms, many of which have broken. \u003ccite>(Britta Gustafson/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, vault lights are mostly used to illuminate sub-sidewalk basements — ie. basements that extend under the sidewalk. Often, these are used as extra storage or work space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791675\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791675\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Beneath a vault light inside a sub-sidewalk basement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beneath a vault light inside a sub-sidewalk basement. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Why is the glass colored?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Glass is made of silica, which can be found in sand. Often, though, sand will have other elements in it too. In order to clarify and stabilize the glass from these other elements, chemists could use manganese dioxide. When vault lights were first installed, much of the glass was clear. But when the manganese is exposed to UV rays for long periods of time, it photo-oxidizes and turns purple or pinkish. Hence, the reason so much of the glass is now purple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process can take decades. So when you see colored glass, it’s either really old or someone dyed it to mimic the old glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Where were vault lights first used?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This kind of technology was used on ships as deck lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s long been the traditional way of lighting the interior of ships. While kerosene lamps were sometimes used, the smoke could make interior spaces uncomfortable. And candles could become a fire hazard on wooden ships,” says Diane Cooper, a museum technician at the San Francisco Maritime National Historic Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791720\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791720\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-800x572.jpg\" alt='The purple six-sided pointed prism has a flat bottom that would have been flush with the deck of a ship. The rectangular deck light has a series of \"ribs\" that run the length of the prism. ' width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-800x572.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-1200x858.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The purple six-sided pointed prism has a flat bottom that would have been flush with the deck of a ship. The rectangular deck light has a series of “ribs” that run the length of the prism. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park, photographed by Chris Wilhite)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The prisms inlaid into the deck were intended to direct light both down and up. The daylight comes down to light potential sleeping areas where sailors might forget about a candle. And if a fire breaks out below, the prisms would glow with warning for the sailors above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you had coal in your hold, you’d need to be able to see that there’s light down there,” says Cooper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791721\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791721\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-800x625.jpg\" alt=\"Two deck lights can be seen beneath the life ring on the steam tug Herculese. The lights shine into the crew's fo'c's'le.\" width=\"800\" height=\"625\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-800x625.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-1020x797.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-1200x938.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two deck lights can be seen beneath the life ring on the steam tug Herculese. The lights shine into the crew’s fo’c’s’le. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park, photographed by Chris Wilhite)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On land, it was also difficult to use a flame to light subterranean spaces due to smoke, fire hazard and expense. Instead they sometimes used open grates, which had the disadvantage of letting water seep through and could be difficult to walk atop when wearing heels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1845, inventor Thaddeus Hyatt developed a vault cover with a series of glass lenses in big cast-iron panels. The panels were modular so you could use them over large areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyatt produced glass pieces that were both flat on the bottom, and “refracting” lenses that were prism shaped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyatt’s innovation in subterranean lighting made him rich as his vault covers were used all over the country. With his newly acquired wealth he spent much of the rest of his time and money fighting for the abolition of slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792091\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792091\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-800x700.jpg\" alt=\"A vault light designed by Thaddeus Hyatt.\" width=\"800\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-800x700.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-160x140.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-1020x893.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-1200x1050.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt.jpg 1248w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vault light designed by Thaddeus Hyatt. \u003ccite>(Collection of Ian Macky/glassian.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>All over the city you can see glass squares and circles in big grid patterns covering a few feet of sidewalk. Sometimes the glass is clear, but often it’s a purple hue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What are they?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>They’re vault lights, which are essentially skylights for below ground. The little glass pieces are projecting sunlight down into subterranean spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the top of the glass is flat, so it doesn’t trip anyone, underneath the glass can take a variety of shapes. Some are shaped into prism forms that diffuse and bend the light so it reaches the inner areas of underground spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792094\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 609px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11792094\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights.jpg\" alt=\"This is originally from a 1914 "Metal Building Materials" catalog, displaying "Berger's Raydiant Sidewalk Lights."\" width=\"609\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights.jpg 609w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights-160x68.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This illustration appeared in a 1914 “Metal Building Materials” catalog, displaying “Berger’s Raydiant Sidewalk Lights.” \u003ccite>(Collection of Ian Macky /glassian.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Across the country, vault lights are used to illuminate a variety of iconic and interesting projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vault lights were used to light \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/19/realestate/streetscapes-subway-platforms-letting-the-sun-shine-in.html\">some of New York City’s first subway stations\u003c/a> and were placed in the ground of the opulent passenger concourse in the city’s original Pennsylvania Station. In that now destroyed icon, natural light would pour through the buildings arched glass canopy and would then spill down into the lower levels of the station through hundreds of vault lights in the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791702\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-800x628.png\" alt=\"The passenger concourse at the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, built in 1910. The floor is covered in vault lighting.\" width=\"800\" height=\"628\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-800x628.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-160x126.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-1020x801.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation.png 1190w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The passenger concourse at the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, built in 1910. The ground is mostly made up of pieces of glass that provide vault lighting. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1862, parts of Sacramento were raised as much as 14 feet to protect against flooding. (That year, California’s newly elected governor, Leland Stanford, was brought to his inauguration in a rowboat.) In some places, instead of lifting the building, they simply built over the first floor. Which means below the sidewalk it’s now possible to walk between abandoned storefronts, bathed in the purple glow of vault lights. Similar projects have taken place in cities across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792461\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792461\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old sidewalk prisms, many of which have broken. \u003ccite>(Britta Gustafson/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, vault lights are mostly used to illuminate sub-sidewalk basements — ie. basements that extend under the sidewalk. Often, these are used as extra storage or work space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791675\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791675\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Beneath a vault light inside a sub-sidewalk basement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beneath a vault light inside a sub-sidewalk basement. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Why is the glass colored?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Glass is made of silica, which can be found in sand. Often, though, sand will have other elements in it too. In order to clarify and stabilize the glass from these other elements, chemists could use manganese dioxide. When vault lights were first installed, much of the glass was clear. But when the manganese is exposed to UV rays for long periods of time, it photo-oxidizes and turns purple or pinkish. Hence, the reason so much of the glass is now purple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process can take decades. So when you see colored glass, it’s either really old or someone dyed it to mimic the old glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Where were vault lights first used?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This kind of technology was used on ships as deck lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s long been the traditional way of lighting the interior of ships. While kerosene lamps were sometimes used, the smoke could make interior spaces uncomfortable. And candles could become a fire hazard on wooden ships,” says Diane Cooper, a museum technician at the San Francisco Maritime National Historic Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791720\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791720\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-800x572.jpg\" alt='The purple six-sided pointed prism has a flat bottom that would have been flush with the deck of a ship. The rectangular deck light has a series of \"ribs\" that run the length of the prism. ' width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-800x572.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-1200x858.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The purple six-sided pointed prism has a flat bottom that would have been flush with the deck of a ship. The rectangular deck light has a series of “ribs” that run the length of the prism. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park, photographed by Chris Wilhite)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The prisms inlaid into the deck were intended to direct light both down and up. The daylight comes down to light potential sleeping areas where sailors might forget about a candle. And if a fire breaks out below, the prisms would glow with warning for the sailors above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you had coal in your hold, you’d need to be able to see that there’s light down there,” says Cooper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791721\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791721\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-800x625.jpg\" alt=\"Two deck lights can be seen beneath the life ring on the steam tug Herculese. The lights shine into the crew's fo'c's'le.\" width=\"800\" height=\"625\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-800x625.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-1020x797.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-1200x938.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two deck lights can be seen beneath the life ring on the steam tug Herculese. The lights shine into the crew’s fo’c’s’le. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park, photographed by Chris Wilhite)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On land, it was also difficult to use a flame to light subterranean spaces due to smoke, fire hazard and expense. Instead they sometimes used open grates, which had the disadvantage of letting water seep through and could be difficult to walk atop when wearing heels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1845, inventor Thaddeus Hyatt developed a vault cover with a series of glass lenses in big cast-iron panels. The panels were modular so you could use them over large areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyatt produced glass pieces that were both flat on the bottom, and “refracting” lenses that were prism shaped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyatt’s innovation in subterranean lighting made him rich as his vault covers were used all over the country. With his newly acquired wealth he spent much of the rest of his time and money fighting for the abolition of slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792091\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792091\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-800x700.jpg\" alt=\"A vault light designed by Thaddeus Hyatt.\" width=\"800\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-800x700.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-160x140.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-1020x893.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-1200x1050.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt.jpg 1248w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vault light designed by Thaddeus Hyatt. \u003ccite>(Collection of Ian Macky/glassian.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hagia-Sophia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hagia Sophia cathedral\u003c/a> in Istanbul is incredibly reverberant — a sound will echo around and remain audible for eleven seconds. That reverberance shaped nearly a thousand years of music written to be performed inside the cathedral. But no one has been able to listen to what it’s like to hear a church choir sing inside the Hagia Sophia for over 500 years. That is, until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='california-sounds' label='Related Coverage.']When the Hagia Sophia was completed in 537 AD, it was the largest building in the world, and for a thousand years it was the biggest cathedral on the planet. Countless songs were written for the acoustics of the Hagia Sophia. The architecture of this one building influenced the whole trajectory of Eastern Orthodox church music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the 15th century, the Ottomans crushed the Byzantine Empire. They turned the Hagia Sophia into a mosque, and in 1935 it became a museum. Church choirs are not allowed to perform inside, so it has been centuries since anyone heard the music as it was supposed to sound inside the Hagia Sophia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But thanks to some professors at Stanford, that’s no longer the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a decade ago, art history professor \u003ca href=\"https://art.stanford.edu/people/bissera-pentcheva\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bissera Pentcheva\u003c/a> and computer music professor Jonathan Abel started a mission to map the acoustic profile of the Hagia Sophia and created a digital filter that could be applied to any sound. The feat required the latest theories of “convolution reverb,” a few trips to Istanbul and at least one pack of balloons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, to replicate the music heard inside of the Hagia Sophia, they shared their filter with Cappella Romana, a Portland-based choir that specializes in Byzantine chants. Take a listen to hear how Pentcheva, Abel and Cappella Romana have brought back music that hasn’t been heard exactly as it was intended for over 500 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the full surround sound effect, throw on a pair of headphones before you listen!\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>This story comes to us from Chris Hoff and Sam Harnett of \u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The World According to Sound podcast\u003c/a>. They’re partnering with the \u003ca href=\"http://lighthouse-sf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired\u003c/a> in San Francisco to help us reimagine California in the rich way blind people experience it every day. The project has additional support from\u003ca href=\"https://calhum.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> California Humanities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>When the Hagia Sophia was completed in 537 AD, it was the largest building in the world, and for a thousand years it was the biggest cathedral on the planet. Countless songs were written for the acoustics of the Hagia Sophia. The architecture of this one building influenced the whole trajectory of Eastern Orthodox church music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the 15th century, the Ottomans crushed the Byzantine Empire. They turned the Hagia Sophia into a mosque, and in 1935 it became a museum. Church choirs are not allowed to perform inside, so it has been centuries since anyone heard the music as it was supposed to sound inside the Hagia Sophia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But thanks to some professors at Stanford, that’s no longer the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a decade ago, art history professor \u003ca href=\"https://art.stanford.edu/people/bissera-pentcheva\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bissera Pentcheva\u003c/a> and computer music professor Jonathan Abel started a mission to map the acoustic profile of the Hagia Sophia and created a digital filter that could be applied to any sound. The feat required the latest theories of “convolution reverb,” a few trips to Istanbul and at least one pack of balloons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, to replicate the music heard inside of the Hagia Sophia, they shared their filter with Cappella Romana, a Portland-based choir that specializes in Byzantine chants. Take a listen to hear how Pentcheva, Abel and Cappella Romana have brought back music that hasn’t been heard exactly as it was intended for over 500 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the full surround sound effect, throw on a pair of headphones before you listen!\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>This story comes to us from Chris Hoff and Sam Harnett of \u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The World According to Sound podcast\u003c/a>. They’re partnering with the \u003ca href=\"http://lighthouse-sf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired\u003c/a> in San Francisco to help us reimagine California in the rich way blind people experience it every day. The project has additional support from\u003ca href=\"https://calhum.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> California Humanities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Whether you’re looking for fireworks or you prefer avoiding the crowds, the Bay Area offers a variety of budget-friendly ways to ring in the new year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fireworks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the most iconic parts of New Year’s Eve is the fireworks. Lucky for us, you don’t have to go far to find them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://sfport.com/event/new-year%E2%80%99s-eve-fireworks-celebration-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fireworks show\u003c/a> along San Francisco’s Embarcadero starts Tuesday evening as midnight approaches. The fireworks will be launched from the bay, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/press-releases/ride-muni-free-new-years-eve-2019\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">south of the Ferry Building\u003c/a>, so keep that in mind when scouting out the best spots to watch from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s expected to be partly cloudy in San Francisco on Tuesday night. For the most accurate forecast — or when deciding on how many layers to bring — check the weather before going out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Word to the wise: If you don’t like crowds, avoid the Embarcadero area around midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Free (or cheap) events\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for free parties, here’s \u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/city-guide/years-eve-party-guide-2/\">a quick collection\u003c/a> — though some may involve a cover fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking for something a little calmer? There are a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/new-years-eve-meditation-vigil-and-service-tickets-81878076531?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bunch\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/new-years-eve-meditation-celebration-tickets-72190486689?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">meditation\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/alternative-nye-celebration-creating-inner-and-outer-peace-tickets-87629114039?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">events\u003c/a> across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a hike. No really, you can take a \u003ca href=\"https://www.meetup.com/sanfranciscobay/events/257900900/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moonlit hike\u003c/a> Tuesday evening from Ohlone College to Mission Peak summit. If a stroll is on the agenda, you can walk past \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/cityhall/lighting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco City Hall\u003c/a> to see it enveloped in gold lighting for New Year’s Eve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arcade games more your speed? \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/2695983553792522/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Coin-Op in San Francisco\u003c/a> will have free play until midnight if you want to get one more game of Pac-Man or pinball in before the ball drops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11793277' label='Get Home Safe on New Year's Eve']\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>For the kids\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Santa Clara, Northside Branch Library is putting on a free “Noon Year’s Eve” event at 11 a.m. Tuesday for families to celebrate a little early. You can RSVP \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/northside-5th-annual-noon-years-eve-all-ages-tickets-83934047997\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Albany Community Center is also hosting a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.albanyca.org/Home/Components/Calendar/Event/16464/561?backlist=%2fdepartments%2frecreation-community-services\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Noon Year’s Eve Celebration”\u003c/a> from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. on Tuesday. The event and activities are geared toward families with kids 12 and under.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "From fireworks to meditation to a moonlit hike, we've got a lineup of free (or cheap) events for your New Year's Eve celebrations. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Whether you’re looking for fireworks or you prefer avoiding the crowds, the Bay Area offers a variety of budget-friendly ways to ring in the new year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fireworks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the most iconic parts of New Year’s Eve is the fireworks. Lucky for us, you don’t have to go far to find them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://sfport.com/event/new-year%E2%80%99s-eve-fireworks-celebration-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fireworks show\u003c/a> along San Francisco’s Embarcadero starts Tuesday evening as midnight approaches. The fireworks will be launched from the bay, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/press-releases/ride-muni-free-new-years-eve-2019\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">south of the Ferry Building\u003c/a>, so keep that in mind when scouting out the best spots to watch from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s expected to be partly cloudy in San Francisco on Tuesday night. For the most accurate forecast — or when deciding on how many layers to bring — check the weather before going out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Word to the wise: If you don’t like crowds, avoid the Embarcadero area around midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Free (or cheap) events\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for free parties, here’s \u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/city-guide/years-eve-party-guide-2/\">a quick collection\u003c/a> — though some may involve a cover fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking for something a little calmer? There are a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/new-years-eve-meditation-vigil-and-service-tickets-81878076531?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bunch\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/new-years-eve-meditation-celebration-tickets-72190486689?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">meditation\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/alternative-nye-celebration-creating-inner-and-outer-peace-tickets-87629114039?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">events\u003c/a> across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a hike. No really, you can take a \u003ca href=\"https://www.meetup.com/sanfranciscobay/events/257900900/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moonlit hike\u003c/a> Tuesday evening from Ohlone College to Mission Peak summit. If a stroll is on the agenda, you can walk past \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/cityhall/lighting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco City Hall\u003c/a> to see it enveloped in gold lighting for New Year’s Eve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arcade games more your speed? \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/2695983553792522/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Coin-Op in San Francisco\u003c/a> will have free play until midnight if you want to get one more game of Pac-Man or pinball in before the ball drops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>For the kids\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Santa Clara, Northside Branch Library is putting on a free “Noon Year’s Eve” event at 11 a.m. Tuesday for families to celebrate a little early. You can RSVP \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/northside-5th-annual-noon-years-eve-all-ages-tickets-83934047997\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Albany Community Center is also hosting a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.albanyca.org/Home/Components/Calendar/Event/16464/561?backlist=%2fdepartments%2frecreation-community-services\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Noon Year’s Eve Celebration”\u003c/a> from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. on Tuesday. The event and activities are geared toward families with kids 12 and under.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Planning on ringing in 2020 with a rockin’ New Year’s Eve? Here are some ways to make sure you end your night right, by getting home safely:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11793305\" label=\"\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bart.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cstrong>BART\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: Regular service runs until 8 p.m. and special service from 8 p.m. to 3 a.m. During that time, trains will run about every 20 minutes, and some will skip stops in downtown San Francisco to avoid platform overcrowding from the \u003ca href=\"http://sf.funcheap.com/san-francisco-new-years-eve-fireworks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">midnight fireworks show.\u003c/a> Antioch and Richmond line trains won’t stop at Embarcadero. Dublin/Pleasanton and South Fremont/Warm Springs line trains will not stop at Montgomery, and after the fireworks, they also won’t stop at the West Oakland station. Check the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bart.gov/news/articles/2019/news20191212-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BART announcement \u003c/a>and its \u003ca href=\"https://www.bart.gov/sites/default/files/docs/2019%20NYE%20Public%20Timetablev1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">timetables\u003c/a> for full details. BART will operate on a Sunday timetable with service beginning at 8 a.m. on New Year’s Day.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/muni\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Muni\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: Muni is offering free rides this year from 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. Remember not to tag on with a Clipper card or MuniMobile ticket, unless you\u003cem> want\u003c/em> to get charged. Muni has also added extra service on Muni Metro and buses. More route information is available on \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/alerts/new-years-eve-free-muni-and-extra-service\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SFMTA’s website.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.actransit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AC Transit\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: All AC Transit rides will be free from 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. You can see their full schedule and route maps \u003ca href=\"http://www.actransit.org/maps/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.samtrans.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sam Trans\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: You can ride Sam Trans for free from 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. On New Year’s Day, Sam Trans will run on its regular \u003ca href=\"http://www.samtrans.com/schedulesandmaps/timetables.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sunday schedule.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.caltrain.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Caltrain\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: Rides on Caltrain are\u003ca href=\"http://www.caltrain.com/about/MediaRelations/news/Caltrain_to_Increase_Service__Offer_Free_Rides_for_New_Year_s_Eve_6424.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> free from 8 p.m. to 2 a.m.\u003c/a> Northbound service headed to San Francisco will have two extra trains, and Caltrain will run extra southbound trains following the fireworks show. The frequency of those trains will depend on crowd size. Caltrain will run its regular \u003ca href=\"http://www.caltrain.com/schedules/weekend-timetable.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sunday schedule\u003c/a> on New Year’s Day.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.vta.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VTA\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: VTA is\u003ca href=\"https://www.vta.org/blog/free-rides-and-new-transit-service-plan-ringing-new-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> offering free rides\u003c/a> from Dec. 28-31. On New Year’s Eve, 181 bus line and light rail lines will run an hour later than usual. You can find specific route information on \u003ca href=\"https://www.vta.org/blog/free-rides-and-new-transit-service-plan-ringing-new-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VTA’s website.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.capitolcorridor.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Capitol Corridor\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: Connecting bus service to Pier 39/Fisherman’s Wharf and Financial District/Hyatt won’t be available from 7 p.m. until midnight. The buses will stop at Salesforce Plaza instead. On New Year’s Day, Capitol Corridor will run on its \u003ca href=\"https://www.capitolcorridor.org/schedules/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">holiday and weekend schedule\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bart.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cstrong>BART\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: Regular service runs until 8 p.m. and special service from 8 p.m. to 3 a.m. During that time, trains will run about every 20 minutes, and some will skip stops in downtown San Francisco to avoid platform overcrowding from the \u003ca href=\"http://sf.funcheap.com/san-francisco-new-years-eve-fireworks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">midnight fireworks show.\u003c/a> Antioch and Richmond line trains won’t stop at Embarcadero. Dublin/Pleasanton and South Fremont/Warm Springs line trains will not stop at Montgomery, and after the fireworks, they also won’t stop at the West Oakland station. Check the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bart.gov/news/articles/2019/news20191212-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BART announcement \u003c/a>and its \u003ca href=\"https://www.bart.gov/sites/default/files/docs/2019%20NYE%20Public%20Timetablev1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">timetables\u003c/a> for full details. BART will operate on a Sunday timetable with service beginning at 8 a.m. on New Year’s Day.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/muni\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Muni\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: Muni is offering free rides this year from 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. Remember not to tag on with a Clipper card or MuniMobile ticket, unless you\u003cem> want\u003c/em> to get charged. Muni has also added extra service on Muni Metro and buses. More route information is available on \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/alerts/new-years-eve-free-muni-and-extra-service\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SFMTA’s website.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.actransit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AC Transit\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: All AC Transit rides will be free from 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. You can see their full schedule and route maps \u003ca href=\"http://www.actransit.org/maps/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.samtrans.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sam Trans\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: You can ride Sam Trans for free from 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. On New Year’s Day, Sam Trans will run on its regular \u003ca href=\"http://www.samtrans.com/schedulesandmaps/timetables.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sunday schedule.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.caltrain.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Caltrain\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: Rides on Caltrain are\u003ca href=\"http://www.caltrain.com/about/MediaRelations/news/Caltrain_to_Increase_Service__Offer_Free_Rides_for_New_Year_s_Eve_6424.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> free from 8 p.m. to 2 a.m.\u003c/a> Northbound service headed to San Francisco will have two extra trains, and Caltrain will run extra southbound trains following the fireworks show. The frequency of those trains will depend on crowd size. Caltrain will run its regular \u003ca href=\"http://www.caltrain.com/schedules/weekend-timetable.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sunday schedule\u003c/a> on New Year’s Day.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.vta.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VTA\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: VTA is\u003ca href=\"https://www.vta.org/blog/free-rides-and-new-transit-service-plan-ringing-new-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> offering free rides\u003c/a> from Dec. 28-31. On New Year’s Eve, 181 bus line and light rail lines will run an hour later than usual. You can find specific route information on \u003ca href=\"https://www.vta.org/blog/free-rides-and-new-transit-service-plan-ringing-new-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VTA’s website.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.capitolcorridor.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Capitol Corridor\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>: Connecting bus service to Pier 39/Fisherman’s Wharf and Financial District/Hyatt won’t be available from 7 p.m. until midnight. The buses will stop at Salesforce Plaza instead. On New Year’s Day, Capitol Corridor will run on its \u003ca href=\"https://www.capitolcorridor.org/schedules/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">holiday and weekend schedule\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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