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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 1:32 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump “did absolutely nothing wrong,” White House counsel Pat Cipollone said Saturday, as lawyers representing the president got their first shot to poke holes in the impeachment case made this week by Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday’s proceedings, which lasted a little more than two hours, set up the White House arguments \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/28/771287237/trump-impeachment-inquiry-a-guide-to-key-people-facts-and-documents\">in the impeachment trial\u003c/a>. The proceedings resume Monday at 1 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s team told senators that the House managers selectively withheld evidence in their arguments against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cipollone said the Democratic House managers,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/24/797320957/democrats-to-hold-final-day-of-arguments-before-trumps-team-takes-the-stage\"> who concluded their arguments late Friday\u003c/a> after 24 hours spread over three days, “are asking you to remove President Trump” from the 2020 ballot and “they’re asking you to do it with no evidence.” He said the managers “didn’t tell you” that the issue of burden sharing — getting other nations to contribute more to Ukraine’s defense — was discussed in the July 25 call between Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy. That call is at the heart of the charges against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deputy White House counsel Mike Purpura continued that theme, reiterating that House managers “didn’t tell you” that top Ukrainian officials were unaware that U.S. aid was being withheld from Ukraine until a \u003cem>Politico \u003c/em>article in late August. However, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Laura Cooper testified during the House impeachment inquiry in November that Ukrainian officials asked in July: “What is going on” with the security assistance?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the session, both sides claimed the advantage. Sen. Joni Ernst, R-Iowa, said the president’s defense team “entirely shredded” the Democratic managers’ case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif, the lead House manager, said Trump’s lawyers failed “to contest the basic architecture of the scheme,” that the president pressured Ukraine by withholding military aid in order to get Zelenskiy to investigate the Bidens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='impeachment' label='Related Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said that there were “gaping holes” in the president’s lawyers’ case and that they inadvertently bolstered Democrats’ arguments that the Senate should call witnesses, including acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps because of the brevity of the Saturday session, there was unusual camaraderie at its close. Cipollone and Jay Sekulow, Trump’s personal attorney, worked the room, with some senators coming up to shake their hands as they stood up from their table after the close. They later went to some members’ desks to visit. Sen. John Kennedy, R-La., was first in line to shake Cipollone’s and Sekulow’s hands, followed by Sen. Pat Roberts, R-Kan. The camaraderie was bipartisan. Sen. Tim Kaine, D-Va., was also among those greeting the president’s lawyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Representatives impeached Trump last month on charges that he obstructed Congress and abused power, saying he tried to pressure the Ukrainian president to investigate Trump’s political rivals during the July phone call. The president and his defenders have dismissed the process as a sham and refused to participate in the House proceedings. Saturday was the first time Trump’s lawyers responded in person to the charges against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The presentation was expected to set the stage for the “coming attractions,” as Sekulow described it Friday, for the trial when it resumes Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes discussing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/22/781589327/bosses-of-fusion-gps-tell-the-inside-story-of-the-steele-dossier\">the Steele dossier\u003c/a>, a report of unverified information on the Trump campaign compiled by a former British spy, and efforts made by Hillary Clinton’s campaign to dig up dirt on Trump leading up to the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sekulow also tried to argue, as many Republicans have over the course of the impeachment proceedings, that Clinton solicited foreign interference by Ukraine in the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American intelligence agencies have been unanimous in their assessment that it was Russia that interfered in the last presidential race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another of Trump’s defense attorneys, Alan Dershowitz, told NPR’s David Folkenflik that he would focus his arguments on what he sees as “nonimpeachable offenses” brought forward by the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They charged him with nonimpeachable offenses: namely obstruction of Congress and abuse of power,” Dershowitz said. “Those would have clearly been rejected by the framers as too broad, too open-ended and not sufficiently specific. So I’m going to focus my argument on the criteria used by the House.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have largely stood by the president throughout the week, and because they hold a majority in the Senate, it remains unlikely that Trump will be removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 1:32 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump “did absolutely nothing wrong,” White House counsel Pat Cipollone said Saturday, as lawyers representing the president got their first shot to poke holes in the impeachment case made this week by Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday’s proceedings, which lasted a little more than two hours, set up the White House arguments \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/28/771287237/trump-impeachment-inquiry-a-guide-to-key-people-facts-and-documents\">in the impeachment trial\u003c/a>. The proceedings resume Monday at 1 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s team told senators that the House managers selectively withheld evidence in their arguments against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cipollone said the Democratic House managers,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/24/797320957/democrats-to-hold-final-day-of-arguments-before-trumps-team-takes-the-stage\"> who concluded their arguments late Friday\u003c/a> after 24 hours spread over three days, “are asking you to remove President Trump” from the 2020 ballot and “they’re asking you to do it with no evidence.” He said the managers “didn’t tell you” that the issue of burden sharing — getting other nations to contribute more to Ukraine’s defense — was discussed in the July 25 call between Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy. That call is at the heart of the charges against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deputy White House counsel Mike Purpura continued that theme, reiterating that House managers “didn’t tell you” that top Ukrainian officials were unaware that U.S. aid was being withheld from Ukraine until a \u003cem>Politico \u003c/em>article in late August. However, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Laura Cooper testified during the House impeachment inquiry in November that Ukrainian officials asked in July: “What is going on” with the security assistance?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the session, both sides claimed the advantage. Sen. Joni Ernst, R-Iowa, said the president’s defense team “entirely shredded” the Democratic managers’ case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif, the lead House manager, said Trump’s lawyers failed “to contest the basic architecture of the scheme,” that the president pressured Ukraine by withholding military aid in order to get Zelenskiy to investigate the Bidens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said that there were “gaping holes” in the president’s lawyers’ case and that they inadvertently bolstered Democrats’ arguments that the Senate should call witnesses, including acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps because of the brevity of the Saturday session, there was unusual camaraderie at its close. Cipollone and Jay Sekulow, Trump’s personal attorney, worked the room, with some senators coming up to shake their hands as they stood up from their table after the close. They later went to some members’ desks to visit. Sen. John Kennedy, R-La., was first in line to shake Cipollone’s and Sekulow’s hands, followed by Sen. Pat Roberts, R-Kan. The camaraderie was bipartisan. Sen. Tim Kaine, D-Va., was also among those greeting the president’s lawyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Representatives impeached Trump last month on charges that he obstructed Congress and abused power, saying he tried to pressure the Ukrainian president to investigate Trump’s political rivals during the July phone call. The president and his defenders have dismissed the process as a sham and refused to participate in the House proceedings. Saturday was the first time Trump’s lawyers responded in person to the charges against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The presentation was expected to set the stage for the “coming attractions,” as Sekulow described it Friday, for the trial when it resumes Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes discussing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/22/781589327/bosses-of-fusion-gps-tell-the-inside-story-of-the-steele-dossier\">the Steele dossier\u003c/a>, a report of unverified information on the Trump campaign compiled by a former British spy, and efforts made by Hillary Clinton’s campaign to dig up dirt on Trump leading up to the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sekulow also tried to argue, as many Republicans have over the course of the impeachment proceedings, that Clinton solicited foreign interference by Ukraine in the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American intelligence agencies have been unanimous in their assessment that it was Russia that interfered in the last presidential race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another of Trump’s defense attorneys, Alan Dershowitz, told NPR’s David Folkenflik that he would focus his arguments on what he sees as “nonimpeachable offenses” brought forward by the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They charged him with nonimpeachable offenses: namely obstruction of Congress and abuse of power,” Dershowitz said. “Those would have clearly been rejected by the framers as too broad, too open-ended and not sufficiently specific. So I’m going to focus my argument on the criteria used by the House.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have largely stood by the president throughout the week, and because they hold a majority in the Senate, it remains unlikely that Trump will be removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "The Cloud Over The Grammys: Allegations Of Sexual Misconduct, Vote Rigging",
"title": "The Cloud Over The Grammys: Allegations Of Sexual Misconduct, Vote Rigging",
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"content": "\u003cp>Winners of the 62nd Grammy Awards will be announced Sunday night — but there's a cloud hanging over the ceremony. Last week, Deborah Dugan, the recently installed president and CEO of the Recording Academy — which hands out the awards — was placed on administrative leave. Earlier this week, Dugan filed a discrimination \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6667812-Dugan-EEOC-Complaint.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">complaint\u003c/a> with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission that includes allegations of sexual misconduct and vote rigging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Recording Academy has been struggling for years with criticism that the Grammys were too male, too white, too old and too insular. In came Dugan five months ago, as the Academy's first female leader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pledged that the organization could do better, as she told NPR in an interview \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/12/787171580/grammys-pledge-more-diversity-under-new-leadership\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">last month\u003c/a>: \"We've known as an industry for a long time that we have a monumental problem with gender issues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, just over a week ago and only 10 days before the awards telecast, the Recording Academy \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/797208517/recording-academy-ceo-suspended-amid-allegations-of-misconduct\">abruptly announced\u003c/a> that it had placed Dugan on leave pending an investigation into an allegation of bullying that came from a female assistant. But in an interview Thursday, Dugan claimed she was placed on leave as retaliation for accusations she made, and changes she proposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, Dugan says her suspension is the result of a memo she sent in December to the Academy's Human Resources director, which included an accusation that she had been sexually harassed by the Academy's general counsel, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gtlaw.com/en/professionals/k/katz-joel-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joel Katz\u003c/a>. (Katz is also a former Academy board chair.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her EEOC complaint, Dugan reiterated her accusations against Katz — and she said she learned that her predecessor, Neil Portnow, had been accused of raping a female artist. Both Katz and Portnow \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/21/798269611/ousted-female-chief-files-discrimination-complaint-against-the-grammys\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deny the accusations\u003c/a>, and Portnow said in a statement that he was investigated and exonerated. In the complaint, Dugan also repeated and elaborated upon her accusations from the HR memo related to questionable financial expenditures, rigged Grammy voting and self-dealing at the public, non-profit organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with NPR on Thursday, Dugan reiterated her accusation against Katz as it is laid out in the EEOC complaint. She said that the incident occurred on May 18, 2019, before she had started officially working at the Academy in August. She had been invited to attend the first day of a three-day board session held at the Ritz Carlton hotel in Laguna Niguel, Calif. She says Katz (an extremely high-profile attorney who recently negotiated \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/01/737613627/taylor-swifts-former-label-big-machine-is-sold-rankling-the-star\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the sale\u003c/a> of Taylor Swift's former label home, Big Machine Label Group, to Scooter Braun's Ithaca Holdings Group) invited her to dine with him that evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Under the guise of a work dinner,\" she told NPR, \"I was propositioned by the general counsel — that is, Joel [Katz]. It started with calling me 'baby' and telling me how pretty I was. And then in the course of the dinner, after ordering a bottle of wine, I got a little more uncomfortable. He was talking about his private plane and trips that we could do and it ended with him leaning forward to kiss me. As I look back now, I think that there — the fact that they had me meet him and have dinner with him first — was sort of a test of how much I would acquiesce to.\"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside tag='sexual-harassment' label='Related Coverage']\u003c/span>In the moment, Dugan added, she had been \"disgusted and bewildered,\" and that she immediately went back to her hotel room and called \"quite a few people\" to tell them what had happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement sent to NPR on Wednesday, Katz's lawyer, Howard Weitzman, said in part: \"Ms. Dugan's allegations of harassment and her description of a dinner at the steakhouse in the Ritz Carlton, Laguna Niguel are false, and Mr. Katz categorically and emphatically denies her version of that evening. .... Mr. Katz believed they had a productive and professional meeting in a restaurant where a number of members of the Board of Trustees of the Academy, and others, were dining. ... Mr. Katz will cooperate in any and all investigations or lawsuits by telling the absolute and whole truth. Hopefully Ms. Dugan will do the same.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You hear about these things in entertainment and certainly for women in leadership,\" said Dugan, who immediately prior to coming the Academy had led the charity (RED) after roles as president of Disney Publishing Worldwide and as an executive at EMI Records Group. \"But after so many years, and having such a track record of integrity and purpose, to have this happen — I was very disillusioned and to be honest, a little scared ... And there was a continuing pattern afterwards of whenever we had private conversations, he was calling me 'baby,' telling me how pretty I was.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dugan and her lawyer, Douglas Wigdor, denied to NPR that she had bullied the Academy employee — a woman named Claudine Little, who had previously served as the executive assistant to Portnow. The Academy has said that Dugan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/21/798269611/ousted-female-chief-files-discrimination-complaint-against-the-grammys\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">is accused\u003c/a> of creating a \"toxic and intolerable\" work environment and engaging in \"abusive and bullying conduct.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement sent to NPR via the Recording Academy on Wednesday, Little said: \"Ms. Dugan's choice to litigate in the press and spread a false narrative about the Academy and me and my colleagues is regrettable, but it is also emblematic of Ms. Dugan's abusive and bullying conduct while she served as the Academy's president and CEO. I am proud of my career with the Academy—where, as a woman, I was able to work my way from secretary to director of administration in the executive suite, solely based on merit and while working for and with leaders far more demanding and hard-charging than Ms. Dugan. It is disappointing that Ms. Dugan hopes to leverage public opinion along gender lines and expects not to be scrutinized for her inexcusable behavior simply because she is a woman; she should be held to the same standard.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Thursday NPR interview, Dugan said that she had found Little's work lacking, and that she had suggested moving the assistant into another role at the Academy rather than terminate her employment. (The situation with Little is also described in the EEOC complaint.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wigdor added: \"Neil Portnow was accused of rape. Was he placed on administrative leave? No. So to place Deborah on an administrative leave over being bossy — and by the way, women are bossy, men are bosses — to put her on an administrative leave over something as innocuous and benign as being allegedly bossy to an administrative assistant just doesn't make any sense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the discrimination complaint, Dugan also repeated her allegations of irregularities and conflicts of interest in the Grammy voting process, as well as substantial payouts of fees to outside law firms and to individual board members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These include payouts to Greenberg Traurig, where Joel Katz is an attorney. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2017_naras_form_990_public_inspection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2017\u003c/a>, according to the Academy's 990 forms, the firm was paid $6.3 million, as well as $1.75 million in \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2016_naras_form_990_public_inspection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2016\u003c/a> and over $1.1 million in \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2015_naras_form_990_public_discolusre_copy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2015\u003c/a>, with similar amounts in the two previous years. According to the EEOC filing, the Academy also pays Katz personally $250,000 annually as a retainer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Dugan's choice to litigate in the press and spread a false narrative about the Academy and me and my colleagues is regrettable, but it is also emblematic of Ms. Dugan's abusive and bullying conduct while she served as the Academy's president and CEO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, Dugan also said that the board and executive committee reacted negatively to some urgent recommendations from the Academy's Diversity and Inclusion Task Force, a group formed in the wake of widely denounced comments made by her predecessor, longtime Academy president and CEO Portnow. (After the 2018 Grammy Awards ceremony was criticized for a lack of female nominees and performers, Portnow said that women in the industry would just have to \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/therecord/2018/02/06/583464118/women-in-the-music-industry-call-for-evolution-at-the-grammys\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">step up\u003c/a>\" to be recognized.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There were some things I got pushback on like, 'Oh, we don't need a chief diversity officer,\" Dugan told NPR. She also described what she saw as conflicts of interest in the process of nominating artists for Grammys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a degree of corruption in that system,\" she said. \"There is a problem when you have board members on those committees who have a vested interest in having certain artists winning.\"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[pullquote size='large' align='right' citation='Statement from the Recording Academy']'Ms. Dugan's choice to litigate in the press and spread a false narrative about the Academy and me and my colleagues is regrettable, but it is also emblematic of Ms. Dugan's abusive and bullying conduct while she served as the Academy's president and CEO.'[/pullquote]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also reiterated in her EEOC complaint that the telecast's producer of 40 years, Ken Ehrlich, holds undue influence over the nominations for high-profile Grammy award categories, including Record of the Year and Album of the Year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Do I think that this system of him making it clear who he'd like on the show to the board members who are then in the room voting is not a correct one going forward?\" she asked rhetorically. \"I do. I think it should be changed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email sent to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/23/arts/music/grammys-deborah-dugan.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The New York Times\u003c/a> on Thursday, Ehrlich said, \"There is no truth to what she alleges.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement sent to NPR on Thursday afternoon, the chairman of the Recording Academy, Harvey Mason, Jr., and Bill Freimuth, the Academy's Chief Awards Officer, said in part: \"Spurious allegations claiming members or committees use our process to push forward nominations for artists they have relationships with are categorically false, misleading and wrong. ... Because these committee members are at the top of their craft, and many members work with multiple artists, it is not unusual that some of the people in each room will end up with nominations from the first round. There are strict rules in place to address any conflict of interest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Up until about a decade ago, I was a Grammy voter, and also served on the \"craft\" committee for the Best Album Notes field, one of a small group of Grammy categories outside the \"nomination review\" process and not voted on by the general membership. In addition, my husband, Joshua Sherman, was also a Grammy voter, and served on Academy committees; he was also part of teams that created several Grammy-winning recordings, and he produced several other Grammy-nominated albums. In my own experience, it is certainly true that in certain Grammy categories, especially in smaller genres or for fields involving particular professional expertise, there is a limited universe of accredited Grammy voters willing to volunteer their time to serve on award committees.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mason, a Grammy-nominated songwriter, record producer and music executive, just became the chair of the Recording Academy's board of trustees \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/press-releases/recording-academy%E2%84%A2-announces-harvey-mason-jr-tammy-hurt-terry-hemmings-and-christine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in June\u003c/a>. After Dugan was put on leave, he became its is acting CEO. In a Thursday interview with NPR, he would not answer any specific questions about the Dugan situation or the conflicting narratives, saying that the behind-the-scenes struggle detracted from the awards ceremony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is our biggest season for me,\" he said, \"and this night is everything to our organization. What we are doing is really focusing on the show and the musicians, and trying to make sure that the spotlight doesn't get taken away from that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if he took Dugan's allegations — including sexual misconduct, significant financial improprieties, and vote rigging — as grave matters, Mason said, \"Everything is taken seriously. Anything that somebody says, whether it's a guy at the coffee shop that I run into and says, 'You know, the Academy should do this...' I take all that stuff seriously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In speaking to NPR, Mason also emphasized that the Academy has begun two separate investigations into the allegations by Little and Dugan; Mason said the investigations would be independent and transparent. But he declined to give any timeline for that work, and said repeatedly that he did not know what firm or firms were leading those investigations, adding that they were \"people that we had no association with and no connection to.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Dugan's EEOC complaint, however, the investigators were selected by the law firm Proskauer Rose — a firm that charged the Academy over \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2017_naras_form_990_public_inspection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$900,000\u003c/a> in 2017 and over \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2016_naras_form_990_public_inspection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$870,000\u003c/a> in 2016, the most recent years for which financial information is available. (A partner at Proskauer Rose, \u003ca href=\"https://www.proskauer.com/professionals/charles-ortner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Charles Ortner\u003c/a>, serves as national legal counsel to the Academy, and is one of the most powerful lawyers in the entertainment industry; his client list has included Universal Music Group, Sony Music Entertainment, U2 and Madonna.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday night, the Academy's Task Force on Diversity and Inclusion, (which is chaired by Tina Tchen, the president and CEO of Time's Up), issued its own statement. It reiterated its December recommendations, which Dugan had promised to implement almost in entirety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing of its collective \"shock and dismay,\" the 18-member volunteer group urged the Grammy organization to implement several concrete steps in particular, including hiring a dedicated diversity executive \"to lead the deeper changes that are obviously needed.\" The statement continued, in part: \"We are deeply disappointed at the level of commitment by some of the Academy's leadership in effecting the kind of real and constructive change presented in our report. We are confident that they can do better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mason told NPR on Thursday that he was still very committed to diversity improvements at the Academy, noting that they had been part of his own campaign for chair. \"The plan is definitely to continue to push those through and make sure they all happen,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But least one more member of the task force has spoken out even more forcefully as an individual. Ty Stiklorius, a prominent artist manager whose client roster includes singer John Legend and crossover violinist Lindsey Stirling, posted on Twitter Thursday: \"I won't stay quiet on this. As an Academy Inclusivity Task Force member I saw the inner workings & lack of transparency. The board voted down our recommendation of Ranked Choice Voting. They have not implemented our recommendations but used us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/tystiklorius/status/1220431046258364419?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">as a pawn\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/tystiklorius/status/1220431046258364419?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of now, however, no artists slated to perform at the Grammys telecast Sunday night have pulled out. Billboard magazine's executive editor West Coast and Nashville, Melinda Newman, has a theory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I honestly think this is so complex,\" she says. \"Once you've heard one thing and you think you might have enough information to make your mind up, something else drops and you're like, 'Wow, hang on a second.' I think we haven't seen the reaction yet because people are shocked.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Sunday night approaches, Deborah Dugan said that her short tenure at the Recording Academy illustrates three things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This has hit me about women CEOs and corporate America,\" she said. \"This has hit me on how hard it is for women in the music industry. And it's hit me, and I can't believe it, that three years after the #MeToo movement... we still have this system of character assassination — dig up dirt on this woman and trying to trash her in the press. I'm deeply saddened and profoundly upset that I was slapped with all three of those issues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is, all of the issues she was hired to address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Winners of the 62nd Grammy Awards will be announced Sunday night — but there's a cloud hanging over the ceremony. Last week, Deborah Dugan, the recently installed president and CEO of the Recording Academy — which hands out the awards — was placed on administrative leave. Earlier this week, Dugan filed a discrimination \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6667812-Dugan-EEOC-Complaint.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">complaint\u003c/a> with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission that includes allegations of sexual misconduct and vote rigging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Recording Academy has been struggling for years with criticism that the Grammys were too male, too white, too old and too insular. In came Dugan five months ago, as the Academy's first female leader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pledged that the organization could do better, as she told NPR in an interview \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/12/787171580/grammys-pledge-more-diversity-under-new-leadership\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">last month\u003c/a>: \"We've known as an industry for a long time that we have a monumental problem with gender issues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, just over a week ago and only 10 days before the awards telecast, the Recording Academy \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/797208517/recording-academy-ceo-suspended-amid-allegations-of-misconduct\">abruptly announced\u003c/a> that it had placed Dugan on leave pending an investigation into an allegation of bullying that came from a female assistant. But in an interview Thursday, Dugan claimed she was placed on leave as retaliation for accusations she made, and changes she proposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, Dugan says her suspension is the result of a memo she sent in December to the Academy's Human Resources director, which included an accusation that she had been sexually harassed by the Academy's general counsel, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gtlaw.com/en/professionals/k/katz-joel-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joel Katz\u003c/a>. (Katz is also a former Academy board chair.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her EEOC complaint, Dugan reiterated her accusations against Katz — and she said she learned that her predecessor, Neil Portnow, had been accused of raping a female artist. Both Katz and Portnow \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/21/798269611/ousted-female-chief-files-discrimination-complaint-against-the-grammys\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deny the accusations\u003c/a>, and Portnow said in a statement that he was investigated and exonerated. In the complaint, Dugan also repeated and elaborated upon her accusations from the HR memo related to questionable financial expenditures, rigged Grammy voting and self-dealing at the public, non-profit organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with NPR on Thursday, Dugan reiterated her accusation against Katz as it is laid out in the EEOC complaint. She said that the incident occurred on May 18, 2019, before she had started officially working at the Academy in August. She had been invited to attend the first day of a three-day board session held at the Ritz Carlton hotel in Laguna Niguel, Calif. She says Katz (an extremely high-profile attorney who recently negotiated \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/01/737613627/taylor-swifts-former-label-big-machine-is-sold-rankling-the-star\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the sale\u003c/a> of Taylor Swift's former label home, Big Machine Label Group, to Scooter Braun's Ithaca Holdings Group) invited her to dine with him that evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Under the guise of a work dinner,\" she told NPR, \"I was propositioned by the general counsel — that is, Joel [Katz]. It started with calling me 'baby' and telling me how pretty I was. And then in the course of the dinner, after ordering a bottle of wine, I got a little more uncomfortable. He was talking about his private plane and trips that we could do and it ended with him leaning forward to kiss me. As I look back now, I think that there — the fact that they had me meet him and have dinner with him first — was sort of a test of how much I would acquiesce to.\"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>In the moment, Dugan added, she had been \"disgusted and bewildered,\" and that she immediately went back to her hotel room and called \"quite a few people\" to tell them what had happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement sent to NPR on Wednesday, Katz's lawyer, Howard Weitzman, said in part: \"Ms. Dugan's allegations of harassment and her description of a dinner at the steakhouse in the Ritz Carlton, Laguna Niguel are false, and Mr. Katz categorically and emphatically denies her version of that evening. .... Mr. Katz believed they had a productive and professional meeting in a restaurant where a number of members of the Board of Trustees of the Academy, and others, were dining. ... Mr. Katz will cooperate in any and all investigations or lawsuits by telling the absolute and whole truth. Hopefully Ms. Dugan will do the same.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You hear about these things in entertainment and certainly for women in leadership,\" said Dugan, who immediately prior to coming the Academy had led the charity (RED) after roles as president of Disney Publishing Worldwide and as an executive at EMI Records Group. \"But after so many years, and having such a track record of integrity and purpose, to have this happen — I was very disillusioned and to be honest, a little scared ... And there was a continuing pattern afterwards of whenever we had private conversations, he was calling me 'baby,' telling me how pretty I was.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dugan and her lawyer, Douglas Wigdor, denied to NPR that she had bullied the Academy employee — a woman named Claudine Little, who had previously served as the executive assistant to Portnow. The Academy has said that Dugan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/21/798269611/ousted-female-chief-files-discrimination-complaint-against-the-grammys\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">is accused\u003c/a> of creating a \"toxic and intolerable\" work environment and engaging in \"abusive and bullying conduct.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement sent to NPR via the Recording Academy on Wednesday, Little said: \"Ms. Dugan's choice to litigate in the press and spread a false narrative about the Academy and me and my colleagues is regrettable, but it is also emblematic of Ms. Dugan's abusive and bullying conduct while she served as the Academy's president and CEO. I am proud of my career with the Academy—where, as a woman, I was able to work my way from secretary to director of administration in the executive suite, solely based on merit and while working for and with leaders far more demanding and hard-charging than Ms. Dugan. It is disappointing that Ms. Dugan hopes to leverage public opinion along gender lines and expects not to be scrutinized for her inexcusable behavior simply because she is a woman; she should be held to the same standard.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Thursday NPR interview, Dugan said that she had found Little's work lacking, and that she had suggested moving the assistant into another role at the Academy rather than terminate her employment. (The situation with Little is also described in the EEOC complaint.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wigdor added: \"Neil Portnow was accused of rape. Was he placed on administrative leave? No. So to place Deborah on an administrative leave over being bossy — and by the way, women are bossy, men are bosses — to put her on an administrative leave over something as innocuous and benign as being allegedly bossy to an administrative assistant just doesn't make any sense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the discrimination complaint, Dugan also repeated her allegations of irregularities and conflicts of interest in the Grammy voting process, as well as substantial payouts of fees to outside law firms and to individual board members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These include payouts to Greenberg Traurig, where Joel Katz is an attorney. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2017_naras_form_990_public_inspection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2017\u003c/a>, according to the Academy's 990 forms, the firm was paid $6.3 million, as well as $1.75 million in \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2016_naras_form_990_public_inspection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2016\u003c/a> and over $1.1 million in \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2015_naras_form_990_public_discolusre_copy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2015\u003c/a>, with similar amounts in the two previous years. According to the EEOC filing, the Academy also pays Katz personally $250,000 annually as a retainer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Dugan's choice to litigate in the press and spread a false narrative about the Academy and me and my colleagues is regrettable, but it is also emblematic of Ms. Dugan's abusive and bullying conduct while she served as the Academy's president and CEO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, Dugan also said that the board and executive committee reacted negatively to some urgent recommendations from the Academy's Diversity and Inclusion Task Force, a group formed in the wake of widely denounced comments made by her predecessor, longtime Academy president and CEO Portnow. (After the 2018 Grammy Awards ceremony was criticized for a lack of female nominees and performers, Portnow said that women in the industry would just have to \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/therecord/2018/02/06/583464118/women-in-the-music-industry-call-for-evolution-at-the-grammys\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">step up\u003c/a>\" to be recognized.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There were some things I got pushback on like, 'Oh, we don't need a chief diversity officer,\" Dugan told NPR. She also described what she saw as conflicts of interest in the process of nominating artists for Grammys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a degree of corruption in that system,\" she said. \"There is a problem when you have board members on those committees who have a vested interest in having certain artists winning.\"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also reiterated in her EEOC complaint that the telecast's producer of 40 years, Ken Ehrlich, holds undue influence over the nominations for high-profile Grammy award categories, including Record of the Year and Album of the Year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Do I think that this system of him making it clear who he'd like on the show to the board members who are then in the room voting is not a correct one going forward?\" she asked rhetorically. \"I do. I think it should be changed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email sent to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/23/arts/music/grammys-deborah-dugan.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The New York Times\u003c/a> on Thursday, Ehrlich said, \"There is no truth to what she alleges.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement sent to NPR on Thursday afternoon, the chairman of the Recording Academy, Harvey Mason, Jr., and Bill Freimuth, the Academy's Chief Awards Officer, said in part: \"Spurious allegations claiming members or committees use our process to push forward nominations for artists they have relationships with are categorically false, misleading and wrong. ... Because these committee members are at the top of their craft, and many members work with multiple artists, it is not unusual that some of the people in each room will end up with nominations from the first round. There are strict rules in place to address any conflict of interest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Up until about a decade ago, I was a Grammy voter, and also served on the \"craft\" committee for the Best Album Notes field, one of a small group of Grammy categories outside the \"nomination review\" process and not voted on by the general membership. In addition, my husband, Joshua Sherman, was also a Grammy voter, and served on Academy committees; he was also part of teams that created several Grammy-winning recordings, and he produced several other Grammy-nominated albums. In my own experience, it is certainly true that in certain Grammy categories, especially in smaller genres or for fields involving particular professional expertise, there is a limited universe of accredited Grammy voters willing to volunteer their time to serve on award committees.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mason, a Grammy-nominated songwriter, record producer and music executive, just became the chair of the Recording Academy's board of trustees \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/press-releases/recording-academy%E2%84%A2-announces-harvey-mason-jr-tammy-hurt-terry-hemmings-and-christine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in June\u003c/a>. After Dugan was put on leave, he became its is acting CEO. In a Thursday interview with NPR, he would not answer any specific questions about the Dugan situation or the conflicting narratives, saying that the behind-the-scenes struggle detracted from the awards ceremony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is our biggest season for me,\" he said, \"and this night is everything to our organization. What we are doing is really focusing on the show and the musicians, and trying to make sure that the spotlight doesn't get taken away from that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if he took Dugan's allegations — including sexual misconduct, significant financial improprieties, and vote rigging — as grave matters, Mason said, \"Everything is taken seriously. Anything that somebody says, whether it's a guy at the coffee shop that I run into and says, 'You know, the Academy should do this...' I take all that stuff seriously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In speaking to NPR, Mason also emphasized that the Academy has begun two separate investigations into the allegations by Little and Dugan; Mason said the investigations would be independent and transparent. But he declined to give any timeline for that work, and said repeatedly that he did not know what firm or firms were leading those investigations, adding that they were \"people that we had no association with and no connection to.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Dugan's EEOC complaint, however, the investigators were selected by the law firm Proskauer Rose — a firm that charged the Academy over \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2017_naras_form_990_public_inspection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$900,000\u003c/a> in 2017 and over \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammy.com/sites/com/files/2016_naras_form_990_public_inspection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$870,000\u003c/a> in 2016, the most recent years for which financial information is available. (A partner at Proskauer Rose, \u003ca href=\"https://www.proskauer.com/professionals/charles-ortner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Charles Ortner\u003c/a>, serves as national legal counsel to the Academy, and is one of the most powerful lawyers in the entertainment industry; his client list has included Universal Music Group, Sony Music Entertainment, U2 and Madonna.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday night, the Academy's Task Force on Diversity and Inclusion, (which is chaired by Tina Tchen, the president and CEO of Time's Up), issued its own statement. It reiterated its December recommendations, which Dugan had promised to implement almost in entirety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing of its collective \"shock and dismay,\" the 18-member volunteer group urged the Grammy organization to implement several concrete steps in particular, including hiring a dedicated diversity executive \"to lead the deeper changes that are obviously needed.\" The statement continued, in part: \"We are deeply disappointed at the level of commitment by some of the Academy's leadership in effecting the kind of real and constructive change presented in our report. We are confident that they can do better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mason told NPR on Thursday that he was still very committed to diversity improvements at the Academy, noting that they had been part of his own campaign for chair. \"The plan is definitely to continue to push those through and make sure they all happen,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But least one more member of the task force has spoken out even more forcefully as an individual. Ty Stiklorius, a prominent artist manager whose client roster includes singer John Legend and crossover violinist Lindsey Stirling, posted on Twitter Thursday: \"I won't stay quiet on this. As an Academy Inclusivity Task Force member I saw the inner workings & lack of transparency. The board voted down our recommendation of Ranked Choice Voting. They have not implemented our recommendations but used us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/tystiklorius/status/1220431046258364419?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">as a pawn\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Two years after moving the metaphorical minute hand of its Doomsday Clock to within two minutes of midnight — a figurative two-minute warning for all humanity — the science and security board of the \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists\u003c/a> revealed Thursday that it has moved that minute hand another 20 seconds closer to the midnight hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is 100 seconds to midnight,\" declared the Bulletin's president and CEO, Rachel Bronson, at a Washington, D.C., \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/doomsday-clock/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news conference\u003c/a> as a black cloth was lifted to reveal the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Never since the clock's 1947 Cold War debut has it come so close to the putative doomsday annihilation represented by the 12 a.m. hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Doomsday Clock is a globally recognized indicator of the vulnerability of our existence,\" said \u003ca href=\"https://president.ie/en/the-president/mary-robinson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">former Irish President\u003c/a> Mary Robinson at the annual clock-unveiling ceremony. \"It's a striking metaphor for the precarious state of the world, but most frighteningly, it's a metaphor backed by rigorous scientific scrutiny.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 13 Nobel laureates on its board and founded by scientists who worked on the atomic bomb-building \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/management/office-management/operational-management/history/manhattan-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Manhattan Project\u003c/a> during World War II, the University of Chicago-based Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has used its Doomsday Clock to register existential threat levels and raise awareness of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Former Gov. Jerry Brown\"]'We can still pull back from the brink, but we have to do what we're not doing. Whatever we've done to date, it is totally inadequate.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1953, months after the U.S. tested its first hydrogen bomb and as the Soviet Union was about to do the same, the Doomsday Clock was also \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/doomsday-clock/current-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">set \u003c/a>within two minutes of midnight. The minute hand was moved back gradually as nuclear arms control agreements reduced the threat of global catastrophe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time the Soviet Union collapsed and the Cold War ended in 1991, the clock was set at an unprecedented 17 minutes to midnight. It has moved closer ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What you're hearing,\" said former California Democratic Gov. Jerry Brown, who appeared at the event as the Bulletin's new executive chairman, \"is really the voices of the prophets of doom. Speaking of danger and destruction is never very easy — if you speak the truth, people will not want to listen, because it's too awful and it makes you sound like a crackpot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clock's minute hand was moved forward after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.defense.gov/explore/story/Article/1924779/us-withdraws-from-intermediate-range-nuclear-forces-treaty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">August 2019 collapse \u003c/a>of the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty between the U.S. and Russia. The demise of the pact frees both nations to deploy land-based missiles over ranges that leave little time for a response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also growing signs in 2019 that the Trump administration was aiming to withdraw from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/openskies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open Skies Treaty\u003c/a>, which allows the U.S. and Russia to observe one another's military installations through closely monitored overflights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Iran increased its stockpile of low-enriched uranium and added new and improved centrifuges last year in the aftermath of the U.S. withdrawing from a multination \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/01/23/state-supreme-court-justice-mariano-florentino-cuellar-on-growing-up-in-a-border-town-and-switching-from-academia-to-the-courts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nuclear pact\u003c/a> with Iran that was forged during the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have to admit [that] we set the clock in November,\" said George Washington University research professor Sharon Squassoni. \"This was before recent military actions by the U.S. and Iran, Iran's statement or threat that it might leave the \u003ca href=\"https://www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/nuclear/npt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty\u003c/a>, and North Korea's abandonment of talks with the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of disasters linked to global climate change resulting from the continued consumption of fossil fuels was another factor cited for moving the clock even closer to midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The Political Mind of Jerry Brown\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/jerrybrown, Listen to the podcast\" hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/THE-EYE-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're in it, it's dire, but we're not there yet,\" Brown said. \"We can still pull back from the brink, but we have to do what we're not doing. Whatever we've done to date, it is totally inadequate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, who served four terms as California's top executive, noted that he'd spent his life seeking the favor of powerful people whom he described as \"totally ignorant, blind and deaf to our predicament.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So the task is wake up,\" the 81-year-old former governor concluded. \"Wake up America, wake up the world — it is 100 minutes before doomsday!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson, the former Irish president, leaned over to softly correct Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One hundred \u003cem>seconds\u003c/em> before doomsday,\" she murmured, amid laughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seconds?\" replied Brown. \"Well, it just shows you, we don't even know what the hell we're talking about! There's Exhibit A of why we've got a problem! It is definitely more serious than minutes — it's seconds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+End+May+Be+Nearer%3A+Doomsday+Clock+Moves+Within+100+Seconds+Of+Midnight&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two years after moving the metaphorical minute hand of its Doomsday Clock to within two minutes of midnight — a figurative two-minute warning for all humanity — the science and security board of the \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists\u003c/a> revealed Thursday that it has moved that minute hand another 20 seconds closer to the midnight hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is 100 seconds to midnight,\" declared the Bulletin's president and CEO, Rachel Bronson, at a Washington, D.C., \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/doomsday-clock/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news conference\u003c/a> as a black cloth was lifted to reveal the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Never since the clock's 1947 Cold War debut has it come so close to the putative doomsday annihilation represented by the 12 a.m. hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Doomsday Clock is a globally recognized indicator of the vulnerability of our existence,\" said \u003ca href=\"https://president.ie/en/the-president/mary-robinson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">former Irish President\u003c/a> Mary Robinson at the annual clock-unveiling ceremony. \"It's a striking metaphor for the precarious state of the world, but most frighteningly, it's a metaphor backed by rigorous scientific scrutiny.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 13 Nobel laureates on its board and founded by scientists who worked on the atomic bomb-building \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/management/office-management/operational-management/history/manhattan-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Manhattan Project\u003c/a> during World War II, the University of Chicago-based Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has used its Doomsday Clock to register existential threat levels and raise awareness of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1953, months after the U.S. tested its first hydrogen bomb and as the Soviet Union was about to do the same, the Doomsday Clock was also \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/doomsday-clock/current-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">set \u003c/a>within two minutes of midnight. The minute hand was moved back gradually as nuclear arms control agreements reduced the threat of global catastrophe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time the Soviet Union collapsed and the Cold War ended in 1991, the clock was set at an unprecedented 17 minutes to midnight. It has moved closer ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What you're hearing,\" said former California Democratic Gov. Jerry Brown, who appeared at the event as the Bulletin's new executive chairman, \"is really the voices of the prophets of doom. Speaking of danger and destruction is never very easy — if you speak the truth, people will not want to listen, because it's too awful and it makes you sound like a crackpot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clock's minute hand was moved forward after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.defense.gov/explore/story/Article/1924779/us-withdraws-from-intermediate-range-nuclear-forces-treaty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">August 2019 collapse \u003c/a>of the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty between the U.S. and Russia. The demise of the pact frees both nations to deploy land-based missiles over ranges that leave little time for a response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also growing signs in 2019 that the Trump administration was aiming to withdraw from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/openskies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open Skies Treaty\u003c/a>, which allows the U.S. and Russia to observe one another's military installations through closely monitored overflights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Iran increased its stockpile of low-enriched uranium and added new and improved centrifuges last year in the aftermath of the U.S. withdrawing from a multination \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/01/23/state-supreme-court-justice-mariano-florentino-cuellar-on-growing-up-in-a-border-town-and-switching-from-academia-to-the-courts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nuclear pact\u003c/a> with Iran that was forged during the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have to admit [that] we set the clock in November,\" said George Washington University research professor Sharon Squassoni. \"This was before recent military actions by the U.S. and Iran, Iran's statement or threat that it might leave the \u003ca href=\"https://www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/nuclear/npt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty\u003c/a>, and North Korea's abandonment of talks with the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of disasters linked to global climate change resulting from the continued consumption of fossil fuels was another factor cited for moving the clock even closer to midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're in it, it's dire, but we're not there yet,\" Brown said. \"We can still pull back from the brink, but we have to do what we're not doing. Whatever we've done to date, it is totally inadequate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, who served four terms as California's top executive, noted that he'd spent his life seeking the favor of powerful people whom he described as \"totally ignorant, blind and deaf to our predicament.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So the task is wake up,\" the 81-year-old former governor concluded. \"Wake up America, wake up the world — it is 100 minutes before doomsday!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson, the former Irish president, leaned over to softly correct Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One hundred \u003cem>seconds\u003c/em> before doomsday,\" she murmured, amid laughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seconds?\" replied Brown. \"Well, it just shows you, we don't even know what the hell we're talking about! There's Exhibit A of why we've got a problem! It is definitely more serious than minutes — it's seconds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+End+May+Be+Nearer%3A+Doomsday+Clock+Moves+Within+100+Seconds+Of+Midnight&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 6:41 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats on Friday opened their third and final day of arguments that President Trump, impeached by the House, now should be convicted and removed from office by the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's lawyers will get their turn to lay out the case for acquittal starting this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://jwp.io/s/vps8hq3r\">Watch Friday's proceedings live here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"A toxic mess\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lead impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., continued to lay out the arguments behind the first article of impeachment, which charges that the president abused the power of his office by withholding $391 million in military aid to Ukraine while he pressured the Ukrainian government to open an investigation into the activities there of former Vice President Joe Biden and his son Hunter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Schiff did so, he played a clip of the late Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., saying, \"We are all Ukrainians.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff also asked senators, \"Do you think for a moment that any of you, no matter what your relationship with this president, no matter how close you are to this president, do you think for a moment that if he felt it was in his interest, he wouldn't ask you to be investigated? Do you think for a moment that he wouldn't?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, \"And if somewhere deep down below, you realize that he would, you cannot leave a man like that in office.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., another manager, charged that Trump \"created a toxic mess at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue.\" He said Trump \"tried to cheat, he got caught, and then he worked hard to cover it up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House manager Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y, said Trump \"does not have to respect the Congress. He does not have to respect the representatives of the people. Only his will goes. He is a dictator. This must not stand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Defense of the president\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's legal team is set to begin its own opening arguments on Saturday at 10 a.m. ET.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawyers will speak for about three hours on Saturday to lay out \"coming attractions\" for the impeachment trial next week — including a discussion of efforts to dig up dirt on Trump during his 2016 election campaign through a dossier compiled by former British spy Christopher Steele — said Jay Sekulow, one of Trump's attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"related coverage\"]Sekulow told reporters on Capitol Hill on Friday that Trump's team will respond to issues raised by Democratic House managers, including foreign interference in the 2016 election and the hiring of Hunter Biden by a Ukrainian gas company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the House managers, Trump's lawyers have 24 hours over three days to make their case, before a period of questioning by the senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had weighed in against a long Saturday session, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1220687131292643329?s=20\">tweeting \u003c/a>on Friday morning that Saturday \"is called Death Valley in T.V.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The question of executive privilege\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the Senate chamber, Republicans and Democrats continued their debate over whether additional witnesses should be called. Arguments were aimed in particular at a handful of Republican senators, such as Susan Collins of Maine and Mitt Romney of Utah, who might be persuaded one way or the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have been arguing that hearing from additional witnesses would stretch out the proceedings, particularly if the Trump administration challenges the subpoenas as a violation of executive privilege. That's the doctrine that permits a presidential administration to conceal some of its workings from the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., said it could \"destroy executive privilege,\" if Democrats insisted on calling witnesses such as former national security adviser John Bolton or acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff scoffed at the notion that the Senate should refrain from calling witnesses over such a possibility. Moreover, he argued, executive privilege is to protect legitimate deliberations and can't be used to shield wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not a trial over a speeding ticket or shopping ticket; this is an impeachment trial involving the president of the United States,\" Schiff told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said that if subpoenas were issued by the Senate, \"by definition, the subpoenas will be bipartisan and they will be signed by the chief justice of the United States\" — implying they would have additional weight and be less likely to be challenged in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president and his supporters have maintained that Trump had real concerns about corruption in Ukraine, saying the call for probes was not driven by a desire to boost Trump's own political prospects. They say it is Democrats who are seeking political gain by launching an inquiry in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have largely stood by Trump, and because they hold a majority in the Senate, Trump is likely to be acquitted of both charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/31/787235305/how-a-senate-impeachment-trial-could-work\">Read more about the Senate trial process here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Watch+Live%3A+Democrats+Hold+Final+Day+Of+Arguments+Before+Trump+Team%27s+Turn&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "On the Senate floor, House impeachment managers stressed the president would not hesitate to investigate any political rival. Outside the chamber, senators sparred over issuing subpoenas.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 6:41 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats on Friday opened their third and final day of arguments that President Trump, impeached by the House, now should be convicted and removed from office by the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's lawyers will get their turn to lay out the case for acquittal starting this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://jwp.io/s/vps8hq3r\">Watch Friday's proceedings live here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"A toxic mess\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lead impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., continued to lay out the arguments behind the first article of impeachment, which charges that the president abused the power of his office by withholding $391 million in military aid to Ukraine while he pressured the Ukrainian government to open an investigation into the activities there of former Vice President Joe Biden and his son Hunter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Schiff did so, he played a clip of the late Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., saying, \"We are all Ukrainians.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff also asked senators, \"Do you think for a moment that any of you, no matter what your relationship with this president, no matter how close you are to this president, do you think for a moment that if he felt it was in his interest, he wouldn't ask you to be investigated? Do you think for a moment that he wouldn't?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, \"And if somewhere deep down below, you realize that he would, you cannot leave a man like that in office.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., another manager, charged that Trump \"created a toxic mess at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue.\" He said Trump \"tried to cheat, he got caught, and then he worked hard to cover it up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House manager Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y, said Trump \"does not have to respect the Congress. He does not have to respect the representatives of the people. Only his will goes. He is a dictator. This must not stand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Defense of the president\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's legal team is set to begin its own opening arguments on Saturday at 10 a.m. ET.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawyers will speak for about three hours on Saturday to lay out \"coming attractions\" for the impeachment trial next week — including a discussion of efforts to dig up dirt on Trump during his 2016 election campaign through a dossier compiled by former British spy Christopher Steele — said Jay Sekulow, one of Trump's attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Sekulow told reporters on Capitol Hill on Friday that Trump's team will respond to issues raised by Democratic House managers, including foreign interference in the 2016 election and the hiring of Hunter Biden by a Ukrainian gas company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the House managers, Trump's lawyers have 24 hours over three days to make their case, before a period of questioning by the senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had weighed in against a long Saturday session, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1220687131292643329?s=20\">tweeting \u003c/a>on Friday morning that Saturday \"is called Death Valley in T.V.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The question of executive privilege\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the Senate chamber, Republicans and Democrats continued their debate over whether additional witnesses should be called. Arguments were aimed in particular at a handful of Republican senators, such as Susan Collins of Maine and Mitt Romney of Utah, who might be persuaded one way or the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have been arguing that hearing from additional witnesses would stretch out the proceedings, particularly if the Trump administration challenges the subpoenas as a violation of executive privilege. That's the doctrine that permits a presidential administration to conceal some of its workings from the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., said it could \"destroy executive privilege,\" if Democrats insisted on calling witnesses such as former national security adviser John Bolton or acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff scoffed at the notion that the Senate should refrain from calling witnesses over such a possibility. Moreover, he argued, executive privilege is to protect legitimate deliberations and can't be used to shield wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not a trial over a speeding ticket or shopping ticket; this is an impeachment trial involving the president of the United States,\" Schiff told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said that if subpoenas were issued by the Senate, \"by definition, the subpoenas will be bipartisan and they will be signed by the chief justice of the United States\" — implying they would have additional weight and be less likely to be challenged in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president and his supporters have maintained that Trump had real concerns about corruption in Ukraine, saying the call for probes was not driven by a desire to boost Trump's own political prospects. They say it is Democrats who are seeking political gain by launching an inquiry in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have largely stood by Trump, and because they hold a majority in the Senate, Trump is likely to be acquitted of both charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/31/787235305/how-a-senate-impeachment-trial-could-work\">Read more about the Senate trial process here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Watch+Live%3A+Democrats+Hold+Final+Day+Of+Arguments+Before+Trump+Team%27s+Turn&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Democrats Finish 2nd Day of Opening Arguments in Trump Impeachment Trial",
"title": "Democrats Finish 2nd Day of Opening Arguments in Trump Impeachment Trial",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 10:40 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats finished their second day of oral arguments on Thursday, contending that that President Trump's attempt to pressure Ukraine into investigations was not only an attempt to cheat in the 2020 election, but Democrats said it was also the kind of behavior the nation's founding fathers hoped to guard against.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is why this president must be removed from office, especially before he continues his effort to corrupt our next election,\" said Rep. Jerrold Nadler, D-N.Y., one of the Democrats prosecuting Trump. \"Simply stated, impeachment is the constitution's final answer to a president who mistakes himself for a king.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the night's final remarks, Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., said there is overwhelming evidence that the president has done what he is charged with: abuse of power and obstruction of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can't trust this president to do what's right for this country. He will do what's right for Donald Trump,\" Schiff said. \"If you find him guilty, you must find that he should be removed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bccnGoJEw_Y\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats resume the trial of the president at 1 p.m. Friday, when House managers are expected to conclude their opening arguments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, the Democrats focused on Article 1 of impeachment, abuse of power, for their second day of arguments. They will take up Article 2, obstruction of Congress, on Friday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/10/786579846/read-articles-of-impeachment-against-president-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read the text of the two articles here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadler, an impeachment manager and the chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, gave extended remarks on Thursday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Trump abused his power by withholding military aid and by putting off meeting with the president of Ukraine, unless the Ukrainian government investigated the activities of former Vice President Joe Biden, a possible political opponent, and his son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadler told senators that conduct was wrong and dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No president has ever used his office to compel a foreign nation to help him cheat in our elections,\" Nadler said. \"Prior presidents would be shocked to the core by such conduct.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reports that Democrats were willing to allow one of the Bidens to testify in the trial in exchange for a senior administration official's testimony were shot down by lead impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Nadler began making his case, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1220410391668371457\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Trump tweeted\u003c/a> that Democrats \"don't want a Witness Trade\" because it \"would be a BIG problem for them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1220410391668371457?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadler also did a bit of trolling in his presentation, playing a 1999 video clip of Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C.,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>arguing for the conviction of President Bill Clinton. Graham was a House impeachment manager at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham argued that a \"high crime\" — a constitutional requirement for removing a president — \"doesn't even have to be a crime. It's just when you start using your office and you're acting in a way that hurts people, you've committed a high crime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VoDKXGdi1xg&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadler also showed a clip of Harvard Law professor Alan Dershowitz, now one of Trump's defenders, who argued in 1998 that a high crime doesn't have to be \"a technical crime.\" (\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eo312-GYNDk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dershowitz has more recently argued\u003c/a> that evidence of a crime is in fact necessary for impeachment, falling in line with the Trump White House's argument on the matter.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Sylvia Garcia, D-Texas, followed Nadler to the well of the Senate, addressing the issue of Trump's allegations that Biden and his son Hunter had nefarious doings in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The allegations against Biden are completely groundless,\" she said. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/24/763502822/what-were-the-bidens-doing-in-ukraine-5-questions-answered\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read a fact check about their actions in Ukraine here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia presented a slide that indicated Trump's charges against Biden coincided with polls, including one by Fox News, which showed the former vice president ahead of Trump in a possible 2020 matchup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also played video clips of FBI Director Christopher Wray and Trump's former national security adviser Tom Bossert throwing cold water on Trump's claims that Ukraine, not Russia, was behind the hacking of the Democrats computer server in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a break, Trump attorney Jay Sekulow dismissed the Democrats' arguments for convicting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're hearing the same things over and over,\" he said. Sekulow added that Trump's legal team \"will be putting on a vigorous defense ... and rebutting what they've said.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a rare moment of levity, House manager Rep. Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., referred to the almost-unanimous election of New York Yankee shortstop Derek Jeter to baseball's Hall of Fame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We hope we can subpoena John Bolton, subpoena Mick Mulvaney,\" Jeffries said. \"But perhaps we can all agree to subpoena the Baseball Hall of Fame, to try to figure out who, out of 397 individuals, one person voted against Derek Jeter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday's remarks on the Senate floor follow a day of presentations and arguments in which Democratic impeachment managers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/22/797320569/with-the-rules-set-senate-trial-opening-arguments-begin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">implored skeptical Republicans\u003c/a> to buck their party's leadership and vote to remove the president for abusing the power of his office and obstructing Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The president's misconduct cannot be decided at the ballot box, for we cannot be assured that the vote will be fairly won,\" Schiff, who also chairs the House Intelligence Committee, said on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In corruptly using his office to gain a political advantage and abusing the powers of that office in such a way to jeopardize our national security and the integrity of our elections, in obstructing the investigation into his own wrongdoing, the president has shown that he believes that he's above the law and scornful of constraint,\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's defense team will have its turn to counter Democratic arguments and make a case for the president's acquittal when the prosecution is finished. If Democrats take up all of their allotted time, that would mean House managers would wrap up Friday and the president's defense lawyers would mount a defense starting this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking Wednesday from Davos, Switzerland, Trump called the Democrats leading his prosecution \"sleazebags\" and \"very, very dishonest people,\" and he dismissed the case built against him as \"a hoax.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's so bad for the country,\" Trump said, adding: \"I'd love to go to the trial, sit in the front row and stare at their corrupt faces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, Trump lawyer Sekulow bristled at the idea of the president pulling off such a stunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His counsel might recommend against that,\" he said with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trial centers on Trump's dealings with Ukraine. In particular, House prosecutors say the president dangled $391 million in congressionally approved security assistance needed to counter Russian aggression as a way to get Kyiv to announce an investigation into Biden and his son Hunter. Such an announcement, House Democrats say, would benefit Trump's reelection prospects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's acquittal is all but certain. Democrats would need 20 GOP senators to defy their party's leadership and vote to convict in order to remove Trump from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That outcome is not likely with partisan battle lines so deeply drawn, especially in the backdrop of how Americans are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/19/780540637/poll-americans-overwhelmingly-say-impeachment-hearings-wont-change-their-minds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deeply divided\u003c/a> over impeachment and with the nation watching as the political proceeding plays out ahead of a presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House has blocked key witnesses from participating in the trial and has not cooperated with subpoenas from House investigators. Democrats need four Republicans to join them to win a procedural battle that will enable them to request documents or witness testimony. There are no indications right now that any GOP senators will break with their leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"contributors-text\">\u003cem>NPR's Brakkton Booker contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WATCH+LIVE%3A+Democrats+Narrow+In+On+Abuse+Of+Power+In+Impeachment+Trial&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Rep. Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y., laid out what he called the legal theory that supports the House's case against Trump. Democrats later argued Trump put himself before the nation.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 10:40 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats finished their second day of oral arguments on Thursday, contending that that President Trump's attempt to pressure Ukraine into investigations was not only an attempt to cheat in the 2020 election, but Democrats said it was also the kind of behavior the nation's founding fathers hoped to guard against.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is why this president must be removed from office, especially before he continues his effort to corrupt our next election,\" said Rep. Jerrold Nadler, D-N.Y., one of the Democrats prosecuting Trump. \"Simply stated, impeachment is the constitution's final answer to a president who mistakes himself for a king.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the night's final remarks, Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., said there is overwhelming evidence that the president has done what he is charged with: abuse of power and obstruction of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can't trust this president to do what's right for this country. He will do what's right for Donald Trump,\" Schiff said. \"If you find him guilty, you must find that he should be removed.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/bccnGoJEw_Y'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/bccnGoJEw_Y'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Democrats resume the trial of the president at 1 p.m. Friday, when House managers are expected to conclude their opening arguments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, the Democrats focused on Article 1 of impeachment, abuse of power, for their second day of arguments. They will take up Article 2, obstruction of Congress, on Friday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/10/786579846/read-articles-of-impeachment-against-president-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read the text of the two articles here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadler, an impeachment manager and the chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, gave extended remarks on Thursday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Trump abused his power by withholding military aid and by putting off meeting with the president of Ukraine, unless the Ukrainian government investigated the activities of former Vice President Joe Biden, a possible political opponent, and his son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadler told senators that conduct was wrong and dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No president has ever used his office to compel a foreign nation to help him cheat in our elections,\" Nadler said. \"Prior presidents would be shocked to the core by such conduct.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reports that Democrats were willing to allow one of the Bidens to testify in the trial in exchange for a senior administration official's testimony were shot down by lead impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Nadler began making his case, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1220410391668371457\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Trump tweeted\u003c/a> that Democrats \"don't want a Witness Trade\" because it \"would be a BIG problem for them.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Nadler also did a bit of trolling in his presentation, playing a 1999 video clip of Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C.,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>arguing for the conviction of President Bill Clinton. Graham was a House impeachment manager at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham argued that a \"high crime\" — a constitutional requirement for removing a president — \"doesn't even have to be a crime. It's just when you start using your office and you're acting in a way that hurts people, you've committed a high crime.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/VoDKXGdi1xg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/VoDKXGdi1xg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Nadler also showed a clip of Harvard Law professor Alan Dershowitz, now one of Trump's defenders, who argued in 1998 that a high crime doesn't have to be \"a technical crime.\" (\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eo312-GYNDk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dershowitz has more recently argued\u003c/a> that evidence of a crime is in fact necessary for impeachment, falling in line with the Trump White House's argument on the matter.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Sylvia Garcia, D-Texas, followed Nadler to the well of the Senate, addressing the issue of Trump's allegations that Biden and his son Hunter had nefarious doings in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The allegations against Biden are completely groundless,\" she said. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/24/763502822/what-were-the-bidens-doing-in-ukraine-5-questions-answered\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read a fact check about their actions in Ukraine here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia presented a slide that indicated Trump's charges against Biden coincided with polls, including one by Fox News, which showed the former vice president ahead of Trump in a possible 2020 matchup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also played video clips of FBI Director Christopher Wray and Trump's former national security adviser Tom Bossert throwing cold water on Trump's claims that Ukraine, not Russia, was behind the hacking of the Democrats computer server in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a break, Trump attorney Jay Sekulow dismissed the Democrats' arguments for convicting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're hearing the same things over and over,\" he said. Sekulow added that Trump's legal team \"will be putting on a vigorous defense ... and rebutting what they've said.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a rare moment of levity, House manager Rep. Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., referred to the almost-unanimous election of New York Yankee shortstop Derek Jeter to baseball's Hall of Fame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We hope we can subpoena John Bolton, subpoena Mick Mulvaney,\" Jeffries said. \"But perhaps we can all agree to subpoena the Baseball Hall of Fame, to try to figure out who, out of 397 individuals, one person voted against Derek Jeter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday's remarks on the Senate floor follow a day of presentations and arguments in which Democratic impeachment managers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/22/797320569/with-the-rules-set-senate-trial-opening-arguments-begin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">implored skeptical Republicans\u003c/a> to buck their party's leadership and vote to remove the president for abusing the power of his office and obstructing Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The president's misconduct cannot be decided at the ballot box, for we cannot be assured that the vote will be fairly won,\" Schiff, who also chairs the House Intelligence Committee, said on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In corruptly using his office to gain a political advantage and abusing the powers of that office in such a way to jeopardize our national security and the integrity of our elections, in obstructing the investigation into his own wrongdoing, the president has shown that he believes that he's above the law and scornful of constraint,\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's defense team will have its turn to counter Democratic arguments and make a case for the president's acquittal when the prosecution is finished. If Democrats take up all of their allotted time, that would mean House managers would wrap up Friday and the president's defense lawyers would mount a defense starting this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking Wednesday from Davos, Switzerland, Trump called the Democrats leading his prosecution \"sleazebags\" and \"very, very dishonest people,\" and he dismissed the case built against him as \"a hoax.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's so bad for the country,\" Trump said, adding: \"I'd love to go to the trial, sit in the front row and stare at their corrupt faces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, Trump lawyer Sekulow bristled at the idea of the president pulling off such a stunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His counsel might recommend against that,\" he said with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trial centers on Trump's dealings with Ukraine. In particular, House prosecutors say the president dangled $391 million in congressionally approved security assistance needed to counter Russian aggression as a way to get Kyiv to announce an investigation into Biden and his son Hunter. Such an announcement, House Democrats say, would benefit Trump's reelection prospects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's acquittal is all but certain. Democrats would need 20 GOP senators to defy their party's leadership and vote to convict in order to remove Trump from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That outcome is not likely with partisan battle lines so deeply drawn, especially in the backdrop of how Americans are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/19/780540637/poll-americans-overwhelmingly-say-impeachment-hearings-wont-change-their-minds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deeply divided\u003c/a> over impeachment and with the nation watching as the political proceeding plays out ahead of a presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House has blocked key witnesses from participating in the trial and has not cooperated with subpoenas from House investigators. Democrats need four Republicans to join them to win a procedural battle that will enable them to request documents or witness testimony. There are no indications right now that any GOP senators will break with their leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"contributors-text\">\u003cem>NPR's Brakkton Booker contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WATCH+LIVE%3A+Democrats+Narrow+In+On+Abuse+Of+Power+In+Impeachment+Trial&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "House Democrats Conclude First Day of Opening Arguments in Trump Impeachment Trial",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 10:51 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats concluded on Wednesday the first of three days of opening arguments in the Senate impeachment trial of President Trump, arguing that the president must be removed from office for abusing his office and obstructing Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his closing remarks, Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., who is leading the prosecution of the president, reminded the chamber of the career civil servants and foreign service officers who sometimes defied orders from the White House not to appear in order to testify about the president's pressure campaign on Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some courageous people came forward. Courageous people that risked their entire careers,\" Schiff said. \"They risked everything, their careers. And yes I know what you're asked to decide may risk yours, too. But if they could show the courage, so could we.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trial will resume at 1 p.m. on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1auW9m_Oxbs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff recalled the nation's founders who devised of impeachment as way to check an executive who abused the office for personal gain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They knew what it was like to like under a despot, and they risked their lives to be free of it. They knew they were creating an enormously powerful executive, and they knew they needed to constrain it,\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is not removed from office, Schiff argued during his opening remarks, the president's actions \"will permanently alter the balance of power among the branches of government—inviting future presidents to operate as if they are also beyond the reach of accountability, congressional oversight and the law,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I recognize that there will be times during the trial that you may long to return to the business of the Senate,\" Schiff said. \"The American people look forward to the same. But not before you decide what kind of democracy you believe we ought to be and what the American people have a right to expect in the conduct of their president.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Trump's acquittal is all but certain, since Democrats do not have the votes to convict, both sides continue to spar over the production of evidence, and additional witness testimony, that the White House has blocked investigators from reviewing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A two-thirds vote (67 votes) is required to convict the president, meaning Democrats would need 20 GOP senators to defy Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in order to call additional witnesses, like former National Security Adviser John Bolton, Democrats only need four Republicans to join them, yet there are no indications right now they will be able to convince any GOP Senators to break with their leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Schiff on Wednesday made the case for evidence to be brought into the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, notes from first-hand witnesses who listened in on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Unclassified09.2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">July 25 call\u003c/a> between Trump and the Ukrainian president would help further establish the take-away from the call, perhaps resolve disputes over whether the \"favor\" Trump sought was part of a quid-pro-quo scheme, Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In any courtroom in America holding a fair trial, you would want to see contemporaneous notes. This Senate should be no different. Demand those notes. Demand to see the truth,\" he argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Davos, Switzerland, where Trump was attending the World Economic Forum meeting, Trump re-emphasized his view that the impeachment case against him is a \"hoax.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's so bad for the country,\" he said, adding: \"I'd love to go to the trial, sit in the front row and stare at their corrupt faces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jay Sekulow, President Trump's private attorney and part of Trump's impeachment defense team told reporters Wednesday that the president's legal team would not support Trump showing up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His counsel might recommend against that,\" he said with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sekulow said Trump's defense will come in two parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to respond of course to what the House managers put forward. And we're going to make an affirmative case defending the president,\" Sekulow said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president, who has said he is open to hearing from witnesses in the Senate trial, said Wednesday that that decision was ultimately up to the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Personally, I'd rather go the long route,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wrapping up his lengthy opening statement, Schiff said: \"We all, Democrats and Republicans alike, must ask ourselves whether our loyalty is to our party or whether it is to our Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>as he met with reporters just before heading to the Senate, Schiff said the managers \"will lay out all the facts and chronology,\" in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe we will make an overwhelming case for the president's conviction on both Article 1 and Article 2,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff threw cold water on reports of a deal to allow Hunter Biden, son of former Vice President Joe Biden, to testify in return for a witness Democrats want to hear from, saying this is not \"some fantasy football trade.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That stance was echoed later in the day by Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., who said a witness trade is \"off the table.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Biden campaigned on Wednesday, a voter in Osage, Iowa, asked the presidential candidate if he would appear before the Senate, and Biden flatly ruled it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason I would not make the deal, the bottom line is, this is a constitutional issue,\" he said. \"We're not going to turn it into a farce or political theater. I want no part of that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Schiff completed his argument, other House managers laid out their case against Trump in the Senate chamber. The charged that Trump withheld nearly $400 million in aid to Ukraine in order to pressure that country's president to open an investigation into Joe and Hunter Biden's involvement in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say that Trump obstructed Congress by refusing to turn over documents or to allow witnesses to testify in their investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The managers showed video clips from the House impeachment hearings, from Fox News interviews with presidential lawyer Rudy Giuliani and of the president himself, including one during the 2016 campaign, when he invited Russia — \"if you're listening\" — to find Hillary Clinton's emails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats also continued to call for witnesses to appear before the Senate, including former national security adviser John Bolton. That issue was at the core of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/21/797320215/senate-impeachment-trial-begins-with-fight-over-rules\">debate over the trial ground rules\u003c/a> on Tuesday — a fight that stretched to nearly 2 a.m. ET.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump also cited \"national security\" for why he has reservations about testimony from some witnesses Democrats are seeking, such as Bolton. Trump said that Bolton knows too much about his personal conversations with other world leaders and that revealing them in any testimony could hurt the presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know if we left on the best of terms, probably not, and you don't want someone testifying who didn't leave on the best of terms,\" Trump said of Bolton, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/10/724363700/trump-fires-john-bolton-in-final-break-after-months-of-policy-divisions\">who was fired in September\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is still possible but unclear whether the Senate will hear witnesses after the two sides have made their opening arguments. A number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/21/798317525/trump-impeachment-trial-recap-republicans-balk-at-mcconnell-over-session-rules\">GOP senators have expressed support\u003c/a> for hearing from some witnesses. It would take four Republican senators voting with the 47-member Democratic caucus to call for witnesses. But that would likely not happen until next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyoming, told reporters the hours of presentations and argument by House Democrats left him unmoved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I didn't hear anything new. At all. We were here all day yesterday for about 13 hours. No new material presented,\" Barrasso said. \"It still seems to me that this was an effort by the Democrats in a very partisan way to bring a case against President Trump because they weren't happy with the results of the 2016 election.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"contributors-text\">\u003cem>NPR's Brakkton Booker contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=With+The+Rules+Set%2C+Senate+Trial+Opening+Arguments+Begin&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Lead House impeachment manager Adam Schiff called on senators to \"decide what kind of democracy you believe we ought to be.\" Trump, meanwhile, called the case against him a \"hoax.\"",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 10:51 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats concluded on Wednesday the first of three days of opening arguments in the Senate impeachment trial of President Trump, arguing that the president must be removed from office for abusing his office and obstructing Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his closing remarks, Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., who is leading the prosecution of the president, reminded the chamber of the career civil servants and foreign service officers who sometimes defied orders from the White House not to appear in order to testify about the president's pressure campaign on Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some courageous people came forward. Courageous people that risked their entire careers,\" Schiff said. \"They risked everything, their careers. And yes I know what you're asked to decide may risk yours, too. But if they could show the courage, so could we.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trial will resume at 1 p.m. on Thursday.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/1auW9m_Oxbs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/1auW9m_Oxbs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Schiff recalled the nation's founders who devised of impeachment as way to check an executive who abused the office for personal gain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They knew what it was like to like under a despot, and they risked their lives to be free of it. They knew they were creating an enormously powerful executive, and they knew they needed to constrain it,\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is not removed from office, Schiff argued during his opening remarks, the president's actions \"will permanently alter the balance of power among the branches of government—inviting future presidents to operate as if they are also beyond the reach of accountability, congressional oversight and the law,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I recognize that there will be times during the trial that you may long to return to the business of the Senate,\" Schiff said. \"The American people look forward to the same. But not before you decide what kind of democracy you believe we ought to be and what the American people have a right to expect in the conduct of their president.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Trump's acquittal is all but certain, since Democrats do not have the votes to convict, both sides continue to spar over the production of evidence, and additional witness testimony, that the White House has blocked investigators from reviewing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A two-thirds vote (67 votes) is required to convict the president, meaning Democrats would need 20 GOP senators to defy Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in order to call additional witnesses, like former National Security Adviser John Bolton, Democrats only need four Republicans to join them, yet there are no indications right now they will be able to convince any GOP Senators to break with their leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Schiff on Wednesday made the case for evidence to be brought into the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, notes from first-hand witnesses who listened in on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Unclassified09.2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">July 25 call\u003c/a> between Trump and the Ukrainian president would help further establish the take-away from the call, perhaps resolve disputes over whether the \"favor\" Trump sought was part of a quid-pro-quo scheme, Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In any courtroom in America holding a fair trial, you would want to see contemporaneous notes. This Senate should be no different. Demand those notes. Demand to see the truth,\" he argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Davos, Switzerland, where Trump was attending the World Economic Forum meeting, Trump re-emphasized his view that the impeachment case against him is a \"hoax.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's so bad for the country,\" he said, adding: \"I'd love to go to the trial, sit in the front row and stare at their corrupt faces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jay Sekulow, President Trump's private attorney and part of Trump's impeachment defense team told reporters Wednesday that the president's legal team would not support Trump showing up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His counsel might recommend against that,\" he said with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sekulow said Trump's defense will come in two parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to respond of course to what the House managers put forward. And we're going to make an affirmative case defending the president,\" Sekulow said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president, who has said he is open to hearing from witnesses in the Senate trial, said Wednesday that that decision was ultimately up to the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Personally, I'd rather go the long route,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wrapping up his lengthy opening statement, Schiff said: \"We all, Democrats and Republicans alike, must ask ourselves whether our loyalty is to our party or whether it is to our Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>as he met with reporters just before heading to the Senate, Schiff said the managers \"will lay out all the facts and chronology,\" in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe we will make an overwhelming case for the president's conviction on both Article 1 and Article 2,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff threw cold water on reports of a deal to allow Hunter Biden, son of former Vice President Joe Biden, to testify in return for a witness Democrats want to hear from, saying this is not \"some fantasy football trade.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That stance was echoed later in the day by Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., who said a witness trade is \"off the table.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Biden campaigned on Wednesday, a voter in Osage, Iowa, asked the presidential candidate if he would appear before the Senate, and Biden flatly ruled it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason I would not make the deal, the bottom line is, this is a constitutional issue,\" he said. \"We're not going to turn it into a farce or political theater. I want no part of that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Schiff completed his argument, other House managers laid out their case against Trump in the Senate chamber. The charged that Trump withheld nearly $400 million in aid to Ukraine in order to pressure that country's president to open an investigation into Joe and Hunter Biden's involvement in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say that Trump obstructed Congress by refusing to turn over documents or to allow witnesses to testify in their investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The managers showed video clips from the House impeachment hearings, from Fox News interviews with presidential lawyer Rudy Giuliani and of the president himself, including one during the 2016 campaign, when he invited Russia — \"if you're listening\" — to find Hillary Clinton's emails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats also continued to call for witnesses to appear before the Senate, including former national security adviser John Bolton. That issue was at the core of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/21/797320215/senate-impeachment-trial-begins-with-fight-over-rules\">debate over the trial ground rules\u003c/a> on Tuesday — a fight that stretched to nearly 2 a.m. ET.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump also cited \"national security\" for why he has reservations about testimony from some witnesses Democrats are seeking, such as Bolton. Trump said that Bolton knows too much about his personal conversations with other world leaders and that revealing them in any testimony could hurt the presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know if we left on the best of terms, probably not, and you don't want someone testifying who didn't leave on the best of terms,\" Trump said of Bolton, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/10/724363700/trump-fires-john-bolton-in-final-break-after-months-of-policy-divisions\">who was fired in September\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is still possible but unclear whether the Senate will hear witnesses after the two sides have made their opening arguments. A number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/21/798317525/trump-impeachment-trial-recap-republicans-balk-at-mcconnell-over-session-rules\">GOP senators have expressed support\u003c/a> for hearing from some witnesses. It would take four Republican senators voting with the 47-member Democratic caucus to call for witnesses. But that would likely not happen until next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyoming, told reporters the hours of presentations and argument by House Democrats left him unmoved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I didn't hear anything new. At all. We were here all day yesterday for about 13 hours. No new material presented,\" Barrasso said. \"It still seems to me that this was an effort by the Democrats in a very partisan way to bring a case against President Trump because they weren't happy with the results of the 2016 election.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"contributors-text\">\u003cem>NPR's Brakkton Booker contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=With+The+Rules+Set%2C+Senate+Trial+Opening+Arguments+Begin&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 1:50 a.m. ET Wednesday\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a long day and night of dueling between the House managers calling for impeachment and attorneys for President Trump declaring the articles of impeachment \"ridiculous,\" the Senate adopted a set of rules that will govern its impeachment trial, in which opening arguments will get underway Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resolution, put forward by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, calls for each side to receive up to 24 hours to argue their case, spread over three days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure was approved on a 53-47 party-line vote after senators rejected 11 different amendments offered by minority Democrats. Those amendments called on the Senate to subpoena records and documents from various agencies, including the State Department, the White House Office of Management and Budget and the Defense Department. The Trump administration had refused to turn over most of the documents to House investigators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell, R-Ky., released his resolution outlining the next steps, including a week of hours-long opening arguments, on Monday. By Tuesday, ahead of the debate, Senate leaders \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/798007597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">made additional changes\u003c/a> to the trial timeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The back-and-forth is a culmination of disagreement between Democrats and Republicans over what would constitute a fair trial. The Democratic-led House voted in December to impeach President Trump but held off on transmitting the two articles of impeachment in an attempt to get more details on the trial rules. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., ultimately moved the process forward without the assurances Democrats sought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell needed a simple majority — 51 votes — to approve his resolution laying out how much time House impeachment managers and the president's defense team will get to make their arguments. The Republicans hold 53 seats in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking on the Senate floor, McConnell called the resolution \"a fair road map,\" that closely tracks precedents. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., called the rules \"completely partisan.\" He said McConnell's resolution seems \"designed by President Trump for President Trump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell said he would move to table any Democratic amendments to the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later Tuesday afternoon and into the night, he did just that. He called for a vote to table, or kill, several amendments proposed by Schumer that would have subpoenaed records of communications related to White House officials, National Security Council personnel and other Trump administration officials who have direct knowledge of \"key events in question.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amendments were killed on party-line 53-47 votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Trial Timeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>McConnell maintains that he based his plan on the rules for the impeachment trial of President Bill Clinton in 1999, with each side getting 24 hours. In a last-minute change, McConnell called for the 24 hours to be divided over three days, rather than two as \u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/documents/document.html?id=6662609-McConnell-Organizing-Resolution-for-Senate-Trial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he originally proposed\u003c/a>. That would address one Democratic complaint — that a two-day limit would force the session to last long into the night, since the trial days do not start until 1 p.m. ET.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell also altered the rules for admitting the House evidence into the record. It is now automatically part of the record, rather than senators having to vote to include it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apparently, these were not only concerns for Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a spokeswoman for Sen. Susan Collins, R-Maine, \"Senator Collins and others raised concerns about the 24 hours of opening statements in 2 days and the admission of the House transcript in the record. Her position has been that the trial should follow the Clinton model as much as possible. She thinks these changes are a significant improvement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Will There be Witnesses?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The resolution also delineates how much time senators will get for written questions, and it postpones the debate and vote over whether to call witnesses until after both sides have made their presentations and address questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., also argued against the rules resolution, while calling on the Senate to allow testimony from new witnesses. He played senators a tape of Trump saying he would \"love\" to hear testimony from Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney and others (even though White House officials have so far been barred from testifying).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even Senate Republicans like Sen. Mitt Romney of Utah, who said he was open to hearing from witnesses like former national security adviser John Bolton, said that he backed McConnell's resolution and that \"if attempts are made to vote on witnesses prior to opening arguments, I would oppose those efforts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Trump's Defense\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Arguing in favor of McConnell's resolution, Trump personal lawyer Jay Sekulow attacked the House impeachment process and Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Referring to Trump's July phone call with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy, Sekulow asked, \"Why are we here? Are we here because of a phone call? Or are we here, before this great body, because since the president was sworn into office, there was a desire to see him removed?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sekulow is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://npr.org/795929276\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">defense team\u003c/a> for the president led by White House counsel Pat Cipollone, who called the articles of impeachment \"ridiculous\" and said it was \"an act of patriotism to defend the constitutional rights of the president, because if they do it to the president, they can do it to any of you, and they can do it to any American citizen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cipollone also falsely stated that \"not even Mr. Schiff's Republican colleagues were allowed into the SCIF\" during the pre-impeachment depositions. In fact, Republicans from all three of the House committees that held the depositions were allowed into the secure hearing room, and many of them did attend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff responded that he would not suggest that Cipollone \"would make a false statement,\" but he said Cipollone was \"mistaken.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WATCH%3A+Senate+Impeachment+Trial+Begins+With+Fight+Over+Rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell needed a simple majority — 51 votes — to approve his resolution laying out how much time House impeachment managers and the president's defense team will get to make their arguments. The Republicans hold 53 seats in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking on the Senate floor, McConnell called the resolution \"a fair road map,\" that closely tracks precedents. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., called the rules \"completely partisan.\" He said McConnell's resolution seems \"designed by President Trump for President Trump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell said he would move to table any Democratic amendments to the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later Tuesday afternoon and into the night, he did just that. He called for a vote to table, or kill, several amendments proposed by Schumer that would have subpoenaed records of communications related to White House officials, National Security Council personnel and other Trump administration officials who have direct knowledge of \"key events in question.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amendments were killed on party-line 53-47 votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Trial Timeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>McConnell maintains that he based his plan on the rules for the impeachment trial of President Bill Clinton in 1999, with each side getting 24 hours. In a last-minute change, McConnell called for the 24 hours to be divided over three days, rather than two as \u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/documents/document.html?id=6662609-McConnell-Organizing-Resolution-for-Senate-Trial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he originally proposed\u003c/a>. That would address one Democratic complaint — that a two-day limit would force the session to last long into the night, since the trial days do not start until 1 p.m. ET.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell also altered the rules for admitting the House evidence into the record. It is now automatically part of the record, rather than senators having to vote to include it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apparently, these were not only concerns for Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a spokeswoman for Sen. Susan Collins, R-Maine, \"Senator Collins and others raised concerns about the 24 hours of opening statements in 2 days and the admission of the House transcript in the record. Her position has been that the trial should follow the Clinton model as much as possible. She thinks these changes are a significant improvement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Will There be Witnesses?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The resolution also delineates how much time senators will get for written questions, and it postpones the debate and vote over whether to call witnesses until after both sides have made their presentations and address questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., also argued against the rules resolution, while calling on the Senate to allow testimony from new witnesses. He played senators a tape of Trump saying he would \"love\" to hear testimony from Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney and others (even though White House officials have so far been barred from testifying).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even Senate Republicans like Sen. Mitt Romney of Utah, who said he was open to hearing from witnesses like former national security adviser John Bolton, said that he backed McConnell's resolution and that \"if attempts are made to vote on witnesses prior to opening arguments, I would oppose those efforts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Trump's Defense\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Arguing in favor of McConnell's resolution, Trump personal lawyer Jay Sekulow attacked the House impeachment process and Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Referring to Trump's July phone call with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy, Sekulow asked, \"Why are we here? Are we here because of a phone call? Or are we here, before this great body, because since the president was sworn into office, there was a desire to see him removed?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sekulow is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://npr.org/795929276\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">defense team\u003c/a> for the president led by White House counsel Pat Cipollone, who called the articles of impeachment \"ridiculous\" and said it was \"an act of patriotism to defend the constitutional rights of the president, because if they do it to the president, they can do it to any of you, and they can do it to any American citizen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cipollone also falsely stated that \"not even Mr. Schiff's Republican colleagues were allowed into the SCIF\" during the pre-impeachment depositions. In fact, Republicans from all three of the House committees that held the depositions were allowed into the secure hearing room, and many of them did attend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff responded that he would not suggest that Cipollone \"would make a false statement,\" but he said Cipollone was \"mistaken.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WATCH%3A+Senate+Impeachment+Trial+Begins+With+Fight+Over+Rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A new strain of coronavirus — named \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2019-nCoV\u003c/a> — has been discovered in China. \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/china/news/detail/09-01-2020-who-statement-regarding-cluster-of-pneumonia-cases-in-wuhan-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Health officials\u003c/a> say it’s the culprit in a pneumonia outbreak in the central city of Wuhan, where more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">40 people\u003c/a> have been diagnosed with mysterious viral lung infections since early December. Two cases have been identified in \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/13-01-2020-who-statement-on-novel-coronavirus-in-thailand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Thailand\u003c/a>, and one in \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-pneumonia-japan/japan-confirms-case-of-new-chinese-virus-spread-is-concerning-idUSKBN1ZF02Z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan\u003c/a>, from travelers who had recently come from Wuhan. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Two deaths\u003c/a> have been reported in Wuhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese researchers say they sequenced the new coronavirus’s genome from one patient’s samples and matched it to others in the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concern about the potential for spread has prompted a number of international airports to begin screening passengers from Wuhan. On Friday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced that three U.S. airports — JFK in New York, SFO in San Francisco and LAX in Los Angeles — will screen for symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC will begin screening the first passengers arriving at SFO from Wuhan on Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Vineet Menachery, a virologist at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston\"]‘Viruses that emerge from animals need some time to become an epidemic strain. The faster you find them, the faster you limit the spread.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The New York and San Francisco airports each receive three direct flights from Wuhan each week, said Dr. Martin Cetron. Los Angeles International gets significant numbers of passengers who start their journeys in Wuhan but change planes in Beijing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, but not all, of the cases appear to be linked to a large seafood market in the city, which also sells live animals for meat. Experts think the infection probably came from people touching or eating animals that carry the virus. These individuals then developed viral\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of-unkown-cause-china/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> symptoms\u003c/a> including fever, breathing issues and lesions on their lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus family includes six other strains known to infect humans. All share a signature look under a strong microscope: a circle with spikes coming off the surface, ending with small blobs — hence the “corona.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kind of looks like the peaks of a crown,” says \u003ca href=\"https://cellbio.jhmi.edu/people/faculty/carolyn-machamer-phd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carolyn Machamer\u003c/a>, a virologist and cell biologist at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four of those strains cause common colds, and two — SARS and MERS — have caused major pandemics. So how concerned should you be about this new disease?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Virologists watching the outbreak are asking three main questions to assess the severity of this coronavirus, on the scale of sniffles to severe threat:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>1. Is it Contagious? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Chinese authorities \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/china/news/detail/09-01-2020-who-statement-regarding-cluster-of-pneumonia-cases-in-wuhan-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">say\u003c/a> the virus does not transmit easily between people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since health workers treating patients don’t seem to have fallen sick, it’s reasonable to believe that the virus doesn’t spread efficiently, says \u003ca href=\"https://microbiology.utmb.edu/faculty/vineet-d-menachery-phd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vineet Menachery\u003c/a>, a virologist at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ease of person-to-person spread rests on several factors, including how well the virus replicates in a person and where in the body the infection is located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it’s in the nose or the upper airways, it potentially could be breathed or coughed out easier” compared with a deeper lung infection, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.medschool.umaryland.edu/profiles/Frieman-Matthew/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Matthew Frieman\u003c/a>, a virologist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SARS virus spread readily through close person-to-person contact. The SARS pandemic originated in southern China in 2002, infected more than 8,000 people globally and caused some 800 deaths before the outbreak ended the following year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/emergencies/mers-cov/en/\">MERS\u003c/a>, which emerged in 2012 in Saudi Arabia, appears to spread less easily between people but to be more lethal. To date, it has infected around 2,500 people and caused around 850 deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>2. Is it Lethal?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Chinese health authorities have reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">two deaths\u003c/a> from the virus in Wuhan: a 61-year-old man, described as a frequent visitor to the market, died last week, and a 69-year-old man, who became ill on New Year’s Eve, died Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half-a-dozen patients were in critical condition. Other patients have been treated and discharged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that people seem able to fight off the infection and recover is a good sign, says Machamer of Johns Hopkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a serious-enough infection, but not like SARS or MERS,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health authorities are monitoring the patients in Wuhan and their close contacts to help manage the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>3. Is it Contained? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>So far, three cases of coronavirus have been confirmed outside of China, in travelers from Wuhan.\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/thailand/news/detail/13-01-2020-thailand-responding-to-the-novel-coronavirus\"> Two Chinese tourists\u003c/a> in Thailand and a Japanese man who returned from a trip to Wuhan were all confirmed to have the coronavirus. The World Health Organization says it’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not unexpected\u003c/a>” for cases to be found elsewhere and called on other countries to monitor for signs.\u003cbr>\n[aside tag=\"infectious-disease\" label=\"Related coverage\"]\u003cbr>\nEarlier this month, authorities\u003ca href=\"https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202001/01/WS5e0c6a49a310cf3e35581e30.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> closed\u003c/a> the seafood and live animal market linked to the pneumonia cases for cleaning and investigations. It’s a step from the post-SARS playbook on containing outbreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Viruses that emerge from animals need some time to become an epidemic strain,” says Menachery. “The faster you find them, the faster you limit the spread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says that closing live animal markets in China and implementing strict quarantine procedures helped end the SARS outbreak globally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC will add about 100 staff to the three U.S. airports where screening will take place at its quarantine stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with symptoms who seem like they might be infected will undergo testing for flu or other possible causes. Specimens can be sent to CDC for specialized testing for the new virus, though it can take a day for those results to come back, CDC officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As more information about the virus comes to light, CDC says it will “reassess entry screening measures and could scale activities up or down accordingly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the “scared or not scared” scale, Frieman says his concern level for this outbreak is 4 out of 10. Signs point to an infection that’s not very lethal and doesn’t spread easily between people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But until the source of the infection is found, there’s no guarantee that the problem has been contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of the cases appear to be in people who did not visit the market that was closed, suggesting that animals from the same infected population may have been sold at other live markets or that, in some cases, it can spread between people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the number of cases increase, or more people start dying, he’ll worry more. And if the virus shows signs of mutating and becomes easily transmitted between people, he says virologists will become very concerned — that’s a historic warning sign for pandemics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=CDC+To+Screen+For+New+Strain+Of+Coronavirus+At+3+U.S.+Airports&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new strain of coronavirus — named \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2019-nCoV\u003c/a> — has been discovered in China. \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/china/news/detail/09-01-2020-who-statement-regarding-cluster-of-pneumonia-cases-in-wuhan-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Health officials\u003c/a> say it’s the culprit in a pneumonia outbreak in the central city of Wuhan, where more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">40 people\u003c/a> have been diagnosed with mysterious viral lung infections since early December. Two cases have been identified in \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/13-01-2020-who-statement-on-novel-coronavirus-in-thailand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Thailand\u003c/a>, and one in \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-pneumonia-japan/japan-confirms-case-of-new-chinese-virus-spread-is-concerning-idUSKBN1ZF02Z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan\u003c/a>, from travelers who had recently come from Wuhan. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Two deaths\u003c/a> have been reported in Wuhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese researchers say they sequenced the new coronavirus’s genome from one patient’s samples and matched it to others in the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concern about the potential for spread has prompted a number of international airports to begin screening passengers from Wuhan. On Friday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced that three U.S. airports — JFK in New York, SFO in San Francisco and LAX in Los Angeles — will screen for symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC will begin screening the first passengers arriving at SFO from Wuhan on Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The New York and San Francisco airports each receive three direct flights from Wuhan each week, said Dr. Martin Cetron. Los Angeles International gets significant numbers of passengers who start their journeys in Wuhan but change planes in Beijing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, but not all, of the cases appear to be linked to a large seafood market in the city, which also sells live animals for meat. Experts think the infection probably came from people touching or eating animals that carry the virus. These individuals then developed viral\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of-unkown-cause-china/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> symptoms\u003c/a> including fever, breathing issues and lesions on their lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus family includes six other strains known to infect humans. All share a signature look under a strong microscope: a circle with spikes coming off the surface, ending with small blobs — hence the “corona.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kind of looks like the peaks of a crown,” says \u003ca href=\"https://cellbio.jhmi.edu/people/faculty/carolyn-machamer-phd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carolyn Machamer\u003c/a>, a virologist and cell biologist at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four of those strains cause common colds, and two — SARS and MERS — have caused major pandemics. So how concerned should you be about this new disease?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Virologists watching the outbreak are asking three main questions to assess the severity of this coronavirus, on the scale of sniffles to severe threat:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>1. Is it Contagious? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Chinese authorities \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/china/news/detail/09-01-2020-who-statement-regarding-cluster-of-pneumonia-cases-in-wuhan-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">say\u003c/a> the virus does not transmit easily between people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since health workers treating patients don’t seem to have fallen sick, it’s reasonable to believe that the virus doesn’t spread efficiently, says \u003ca href=\"https://microbiology.utmb.edu/faculty/vineet-d-menachery-phd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vineet Menachery\u003c/a>, a virologist at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ease of person-to-person spread rests on several factors, including how well the virus replicates in a person and where in the body the infection is located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it’s in the nose or the upper airways, it potentially could be breathed or coughed out easier” compared with a deeper lung infection, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.medschool.umaryland.edu/profiles/Frieman-Matthew/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Matthew Frieman\u003c/a>, a virologist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SARS virus spread readily through close person-to-person contact. The SARS pandemic originated in southern China in 2002, infected more than 8,000 people globally and caused some 800 deaths before the outbreak ended the following year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/emergencies/mers-cov/en/\">MERS\u003c/a>, which emerged in 2012 in Saudi Arabia, appears to spread less easily between people but to be more lethal. To date, it has infected around 2,500 people and caused around 850 deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>2. Is it Lethal?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Chinese health authorities have reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">two deaths\u003c/a> from the virus in Wuhan: a 61-year-old man, described as a frequent visitor to the market, died last week, and a 69-year-old man, who became ill on New Year’s Eve, died Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half-a-dozen patients were in critical condition. Other patients have been treated and discharged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that people seem able to fight off the infection and recover is a good sign, says Machamer of Johns Hopkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a serious-enough infection, but not like SARS or MERS,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health authorities are monitoring the patients in Wuhan and their close contacts to help manage the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>3. Is it Contained? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>So far, three cases of coronavirus have been confirmed outside of China, in travelers from Wuhan.\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/thailand/news/detail/13-01-2020-thailand-responding-to-the-novel-coronavirus\"> Two Chinese tourists\u003c/a> in Thailand and a Japanese man who returned from a trip to Wuhan were all confirmed to have the coronavirus. The World Health Organization says it’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not unexpected\u003c/a>” for cases to be found elsewhere and called on other countries to monitor for signs.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nEarlier this month, authorities\u003ca href=\"https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202001/01/WS5e0c6a49a310cf3e35581e30.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> closed\u003c/a> the seafood and live animal market linked to the pneumonia cases for cleaning and investigations. It’s a step from the post-SARS playbook on containing outbreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Viruses that emerge from animals need some time to become an epidemic strain,” says Menachery. “The faster you find them, the faster you limit the spread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says that closing live animal markets in China and implementing strict quarantine procedures helped end the SARS outbreak globally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC will add about 100 staff to the three U.S. airports where screening will take place at its quarantine stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with symptoms who seem like they might be infected will undergo testing for flu or other possible causes. Specimens can be sent to CDC for specialized testing for the new virus, though it can take a day for those results to come back, CDC officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As more information about the virus comes to light, CDC says it will “reassess entry screening measures and could scale activities up or down accordingly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the “scared or not scared” scale, Frieman says his concern level for this outbreak is 4 out of 10. Signs point to an infection that’s not very lethal and doesn’t spread easily between people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But until the source of the infection is found, there’s no guarantee that the problem has been contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of the cases appear to be in people who did not visit the market that was closed, suggesting that animals from the same infected population may have been sold at other live markets or that, in some cases, it can spread between people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the number of cases increase, or more people start dying, he’ll worry more. And if the virus shows signs of mutating and becomes easily transmitted between people, he says virologists will become very concerned — that’s a historic warning sign for pandemics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=CDC+To+Screen+For+New+Strain+Of+Coronavirus+At+3+U.S.+Airports&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Despite Findings of 'Negligent' Care, ICE to Expand Troubled California Detention Center",
"title": "Despite Findings of 'Negligent' Care, ICE to Expand Troubled California Detention Center",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>When a government expert in mental health visited one of the largest immigration detention centers in the U.S. in 2017, she knew the conditions that detainees there sometimes face. A past inspection had found that staff often failed to obtain adequate mental health histories, leading to faulty diagnoses and, in some cases, treatment plans that were incorrect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Report from Department of Homeland Security's Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties\"]'Detainees suffer retaliation, verbal harassment and [are] treated with disrespect.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upon arrival at the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement processing center in Adelanto, California, a similar pattern emerged. One detainee she observed had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. When she asked an officer about him, she was told that the man \"floods his cell, bangs his head.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She searched the man's medical chart for records from his recent stay at an inpatient psychiatric unit, but they appeared to be missing. He had been placed in what the government refers to as \"segregation,\" a term known more commonly as solitary confinement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, the expert found, he was suffering from \"active auditory hallucinations.\" Moreover, they appeared to worsening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hate to be alone,\" he told the expert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The detainee's case is detailed in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previously confidential report\u003c/a> on the Adelanto facility obtained by NPR. Despite the report's findings — and repeated, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/02/653802676/dhs-watchdog-trump-administration-wasnt-ready-for-family-separation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scathing criticism\u003c/a> of the facility from the federal government's own internal watchdogs — ICE decided at the end of 2019 to \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191223005099/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">renew \u003c/a>and expand a contract to keep the Adelanto facility open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report dates to late 2017, but attorneys and advocates say the problems identified in the report have persisted. ICE declined to respond to specific findings in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many other detention centers, the Adelanto facility is operated by a for-profit company — in this case, \u003ca href=\"https://www.geogroup.com/FacilityDetail/FacilityID/24\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the GEO Group\u003c/a>. The U.S. government is GEO's single biggest customer, and the company has made nearly $1 billion in federal contracts over the past 12 months, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.usaspending.gov/#/recipient/b5424b33-e5dd-0b6e-cce2-fc25f764206d-P\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">government data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's business has been threatened by a new California law that \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB32\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">largely bans\u003c/a> for-profit companies from operating prisons and immigration detention facilities in the state. Findings of inadequate care and treatment of detainees at the Adelanto facility and others were a driving force behind that law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But by signing the new 15-year contract before the law could take effect, GEO and the Trump administration effectively circumvented the state of California until 2034. (GEO has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6594495-GEO-Goup-v-Newsom.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sued \u003c/a>the state in federal court, arguing that the California law is unconstitutional.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates and attorneys for immigrants say the new contract — which also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6594495-GEO-Goup-v-Newsom.html#document/p18/a541728\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expands \u003c/a>the Adelanto facility by more than 700 detention beds — demonstrates how ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/01/690690056/ice-failed-to-hold-detention-center-contractors-accountable-report-finds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fails to hold contractors accountable \u003c/a>for major problems in immigration detention centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their concerns are echoed in the report obtained by NPR from the Department of Homeland Security's \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/office-civil-rights-and-civil-liberties\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties\u003c/a>, an internal oversight office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the report's findings:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The facility failed to meet ICE's own standards for using solitary confinement. One detainee, for instance, cumulatively spent nearly 2 1/2 years in solitary.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Staff used pepper spray on immigrants held in detention but did not follow best practices when it came time to remove the spray from detainees — in some cases their efforts intensified the painful \"burning effect.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>It was \"more likely than not\" that problems with medical care \"contributed to medical injuries, including bone deformities and detainee deaths.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>And government experts were so alarmed that they recommended \"immediately\" transferring \"at-risk\" detainees to another facility to protect their health and safety.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The expert DHS inspectors found that, in several cases, ICE and GEO had been either unwilling or unable to fix problems despite repeated warnings over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report's findings provide a window into the types of challenges presented by the Trump administration's push to detain more immigrants who are awaiting asylum hearings or deportation proceedings. Under the president's hard-line immigration policies, the number of immigrants in detention has grown to all-time highs, with private companies like GEO playing a central role in that system. While defenders say the crackdown is needed to help stem what they call a crisis on the southern border, immigration advocates say the growing reliance on detention has stretched an already troubled system to the breaking point.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'These Reports Never See the Light of Day'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>NPR has sought records regarding the facility for more than a year and obtained this report under the Freedom of Information Act. Sources familiar with the Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties say such reports almost always remain confidential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Normally, these reports never see the light of day,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.pogo.org/about/people/nick-schwellenbach/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nick Schwellenbach\u003c/a>, a senior investigator with the nonprofit watchdog group Project on Government Oversight, or POGO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September 2019, POGO \u003ca href=\"https://www.pogo.org/investigation/2019/09/confidential-report-warned-ice-of-inhumane-use-of-solitary-confinement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">released a version\u003c/a> of the report after filing a public records lawsuit. But the government had more heavily redacted critical findings and recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of confounding why they withheld some of this information [from us],\" says Schwellenbach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for GEO said the company would \"defer to ICE\" on any response to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori K. Haley, a spokesperson for ICE, also declined to comment on specific findings in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, Haley wrote, \"The safety, rights and health of detainees in ICE's care are of paramount concern.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she noted, the agency \"either did not concur or only partially concurred with roughly half their recommendations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haley declined to say which recommendations ICE agreed with and why, or what actions the agency took in response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers, who regularly visit the facility and represent detainees there, say they have seen little evidence that ICE or GEO has followed through on the recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't have reason to believe that many of these reports are being taken as seriously as they should by the facility or by ICE,\" says Pilar Gonzalez of the nonprofit Disability Rights California, which advocates for detainees at the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liz Jordan, an attorney with the Civil Rights Education and Enforcement Center, says the issues identified in the report have persisted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"ICE does not demand any sort of accountability from the contractors or force any changes or improvements,\" says Jordan, who is representing current and former Adelanto detainees in a \u003ca href=\"https://creeclaw.org/fraihat-v-immigration-and-customs-enforcement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Instead, they get rewarded to keep on keeping on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'No Correction Was Made'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Adelanto ICE Processing Center holds nearly 2,000 adult detainees, most of whom have \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/583/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">no criminal record\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike prison, immigration detention is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6609612-Adelanto-Detainee-Handbook.html#document/p36/a543360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not meant as punishment\u003c/a>. The government holds people in detention while deciding their immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November 2017, the authors of the report — three DHS experts in health care, corrections and mental health — traveled to Adelanto, California, to inspect the ICE detention facility after a series of complaints. The names of the experts are redacted in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three experts found major problems, but the most serious findings in the documents obtained by NPR come from the report on health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Overall, the medical care at the Adelanto facility is inadequate\" and does not meet federal standards, the report found, citing \"incompetent clinical medical leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"adelanto\"]The Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties had previously visited the facility in 2015 under the Obama administration and detailed \"negligent\" medical care at that time. But rather than seeing improvements in 2017, the experts found that medical care had gotten worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No correction was made,\" the report states, noting that the number of complaints around detainee medical care had actually increased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The medical expert cites multiple examples of poor medical care, including long delays in appointments for broken bones and a failure to provide needed antibiotics and other medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In at least one case, a detainee's death was \"likely related\" to failures by the facility's medical staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the expert recommended a drastic measure:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At-risk detainees must be immediately removed from the facility (transferred to another facility with a well-functioning medical program).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the problems at the facility, the expert defined \"at-risk\" as any detainee with a chronic medical problem like diabetes, as well as any detainee over 55 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for detainees told NPR that there's no indication that ICE or GEO actually followed this recommendation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE declined to say whether it made changes to its medical staff in the wake of the report or transferred detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Allegations of 'Verbal Harassment' and 'Retaliation'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The allegations against the Adelanto facility went beyond medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Detainees suffer retaliation, verbal harassment and [are] treated with disrespect,\" the report found. Leadership \"must hold facility staff accountable for substantiated abusive and disrespectful treatment of the detainees,\" the report went on, noting that this problem had not been addressed after previous inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another instance, detainees alleged even harsher measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2017, a group of asylum-seekers from Central America went on hunger strike to protest conditions at the facility. When the group locked arms and refused to move, staff used pepper spray and physically removed them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The corrections expert found that the use of pepper spray was \"appropriate given the circumstances.\" But the expert saw a significant problem with the staff's subsequent actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mace.com/blogs/pepper-spray-tips/how-to-get-pepper-spray-out-of-your-eyes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cold water\u003c/a> is recommended to safely decontaminate pepper spray. But, the corrections expert found, \"The facility does not have any access to cold water. The facility only provides a mix of cold and hot water through a shower head.\" The expert warned that \"warm water will exacerbate the burning effect of the OC pepper spray.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the group of hunger strikers was placed in showers, they described \"writhing\" in pain as the water reactivated the spray. One detainee, Marvin Josue Grande Rodriguez, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584113-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-111-3.html#document/p315/a543317\">said\u003c/a> that he fainted in the shower, because \"the gas and the heat of the water ... It was far too much for me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report says the use of a hot shower was a \"significant issue\" and concluded that the facility \"must provide access to a cold-water shower\" in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a lawsuit filed by the group of hunger strikers, lawyers for GEO \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584122-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-111-1.html#document/p32/a541096\">said \u003c/a>that water \"does reactivate the tingling sensation\" from pepper spray but that it was \"necessary to remove the spray\" and was not intended to cause pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because ICE and GEO declined to answer specific questions, it's unclear if they followed the recommendation on cold-water showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for detainees told NPR that they were unsure whether any changes had been made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it is clear that the facility staff continue to use pepper spray. ICE statistics show that pepper spray has been used more than 25 times since the 2017 inspection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>An 'Inhumane' Use of Solitary Confinement\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Additionally, the government's experts found that the Adelanto facility was failing to meet federal standards for solitary confinement — known in ICE's bureaucratic language as \"segregation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, the report found that GEO Group staff had \"no current strategy\" when it came to long-term use of solitary confinement and that people were suffering as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one case, inspectors found, a detainee was held in a \"Special Management Unit,\" or SMU, for 426 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No detainee should be held in the SMU for this amount of time,\" the report states. \"Isolation alone can create physical safety concerns and can result in mental decompensation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expert inspectors were especially critical of the use of solitary confinement for immigrants with serious mental disorders. They found that about a third of the detainees held in solitary had a \"serious mental illness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of multiple stays, one detainee logged 904 days — or nearly 2 1/2 years — in solitary confinement, which the report calls \"shockingly high.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experts found that some detainees with serious mental illness were put in solitary confinement simply because it was the only available space where they could be closely watched. The report called that practice \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html#document/p32/a542928\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">inhumane\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If strategies are not developed,\" the report warned, \"the mental health and other long-term detainee cases will continue to decompensate, and the population of the SMU will continue to grow.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to NPR, an ICE spokesperson wrote that the agency \"is compliant\" with agency standards on the use of solitary confinement, citing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/detention-reform/pdf/segregation_directive.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">directive \u003c/a>from 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But again, critics of ICE say that is not true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have these experts ... essentially screaming from the rooftops, 'You need to fix this problem!' \" says Schwellenbach of POGO, which has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.pogo.org/investigation/2019/08/isolated-ice-confines-some-detainees-with-mental-illness-in-solitary-for-months/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">investigated \u003c/a>the use of solitary confinement in ICE detention. \"There's solutions that they're actually putting forward, but they're being ignored.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ongoing Oversight of Immigration Detention\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The state of California has repeatedly clashed with the Trump administration over immigration policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of California Sen. Kamala Harris, a former Democratic presidential candidate and former state attorney general, reviewed the documents obtained by NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is unconscionable to subject detained persons to inhumane conditions,\" Harris's office said in a statement, \"including issues arising from insufficient medical care as well as prolonged isolation and detention at immigrant detention facilities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Criticism of conditions at the Adelanto ICE Processing Center by Harris and others was one factor that led to the recent California \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-california-prisons/california-bans-private-prisons-and-immigration-detention-centers-idUSKBN1WQ2Q9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">law\u003c/a>, largely banning the use of private contractors in prison and immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"State laws aimed at obstructing federal law enforcement are inappropriate and harmful,\" ICE's Haley wrote to NPR. \"Policy makers who strive to make it more difficult to remove dangerous criminal aliens and aim to stop the cooperation of local officials and business partners, harm the very communities whose welfare they have sworn to protect.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their lawsuit against the state, GEO argues that the law is a \"transparent attempt by the State to shut down the Federal Government's detention efforts within California's borders\" and \"a direct assault on the supremacy of federal law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>East Bay Democratic Assemblyman Rob Bonta, who championed the law, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RobBontaCA/status/1212030778525138945\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tweeted \u003c/a>that the lawsuit was, \"Exactly what you'd expect fr[om] a collapsing industry in its final death throes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the full internal report \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Despite+Findings+Of+%27Negligent%27+Care%2C+ICE+To+Expand+Troubled+Calif.+Detention+Center&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When a government expert in mental health visited one of the largest immigration detention centers in the U.S. in 2017, she knew the conditions that detainees there sometimes face. A past inspection had found that staff often failed to obtain adequate mental health histories, leading to faulty diagnoses and, in some cases, treatment plans that were incorrect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upon arrival at the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement processing center in Adelanto, California, a similar pattern emerged. One detainee she observed had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. When she asked an officer about him, she was told that the man \"floods his cell, bangs his head.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She searched the man's medical chart for records from his recent stay at an inpatient psychiatric unit, but they appeared to be missing. He had been placed in what the government refers to as \"segregation,\" a term known more commonly as solitary confinement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, the expert found, he was suffering from \"active auditory hallucinations.\" Moreover, they appeared to worsening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hate to be alone,\" he told the expert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The detainee's case is detailed in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previously confidential report\u003c/a> on the Adelanto facility obtained by NPR. Despite the report's findings — and repeated, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/02/653802676/dhs-watchdog-trump-administration-wasnt-ready-for-family-separation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scathing criticism\u003c/a> of the facility from the federal government's own internal watchdogs — ICE decided at the end of 2019 to \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191223005099/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">renew \u003c/a>and expand a contract to keep the Adelanto facility open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report dates to late 2017, but attorneys and advocates say the problems identified in the report have persisted. ICE declined to respond to specific findings in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many other detention centers, the Adelanto facility is operated by a for-profit company — in this case, \u003ca href=\"https://www.geogroup.com/FacilityDetail/FacilityID/24\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the GEO Group\u003c/a>. The U.S. government is GEO's single biggest customer, and the company has made nearly $1 billion in federal contracts over the past 12 months, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.usaspending.gov/#/recipient/b5424b33-e5dd-0b6e-cce2-fc25f764206d-P\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">government data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's business has been threatened by a new California law that \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB32\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">largely bans\u003c/a> for-profit companies from operating prisons and immigration detention facilities in the state. Findings of inadequate care and treatment of detainees at the Adelanto facility and others were a driving force behind that law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But by signing the new 15-year contract before the law could take effect, GEO and the Trump administration effectively circumvented the state of California until 2034. (GEO has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6594495-GEO-Goup-v-Newsom.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sued \u003c/a>the state in federal court, arguing that the California law is unconstitutional.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates and attorneys for immigrants say the new contract — which also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6594495-GEO-Goup-v-Newsom.html#document/p18/a541728\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expands \u003c/a>the Adelanto facility by more than 700 detention beds — demonstrates how ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/01/690690056/ice-failed-to-hold-detention-center-contractors-accountable-report-finds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fails to hold contractors accountable \u003c/a>for major problems in immigration detention centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their concerns are echoed in the report obtained by NPR from the Department of Homeland Security's \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/office-civil-rights-and-civil-liberties\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties\u003c/a>, an internal oversight office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the report's findings:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The facility failed to meet ICE's own standards for using solitary confinement. One detainee, for instance, cumulatively spent nearly 2 1/2 years in solitary.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Staff used pepper spray on immigrants held in detention but did not follow best practices when it came time to remove the spray from detainees — in some cases their efforts intensified the painful \"burning effect.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>It was \"more likely than not\" that problems with medical care \"contributed to medical injuries, including bone deformities and detainee deaths.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>And government experts were so alarmed that they recommended \"immediately\" transferring \"at-risk\" detainees to another facility to protect their health and safety.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The expert DHS inspectors found that, in several cases, ICE and GEO had been either unwilling or unable to fix problems despite repeated warnings over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report's findings provide a window into the types of challenges presented by the Trump administration's push to detain more immigrants who are awaiting asylum hearings or deportation proceedings. Under the president's hard-line immigration policies, the number of immigrants in detention has grown to all-time highs, with private companies like GEO playing a central role in that system. While defenders say the crackdown is needed to help stem what they call a crisis on the southern border, immigration advocates say the growing reliance on detention has stretched an already troubled system to the breaking point.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'These Reports Never See the Light of Day'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>NPR has sought records regarding the facility for more than a year and obtained this report under the Freedom of Information Act. Sources familiar with the Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties say such reports almost always remain confidential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Normally, these reports never see the light of day,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.pogo.org/about/people/nick-schwellenbach/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nick Schwellenbach\u003c/a>, a senior investigator with the nonprofit watchdog group Project on Government Oversight, or POGO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September 2019, POGO \u003ca href=\"https://www.pogo.org/investigation/2019/09/confidential-report-warned-ice-of-inhumane-use-of-solitary-confinement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">released a version\u003c/a> of the report after filing a public records lawsuit. But the government had more heavily redacted critical findings and recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of confounding why they withheld some of this information [from us],\" says Schwellenbach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for GEO said the company would \"defer to ICE\" on any response to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori K. Haley, a spokesperson for ICE, also declined to comment on specific findings in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, Haley wrote, \"The safety, rights and health of detainees in ICE's care are of paramount concern.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she noted, the agency \"either did not concur or only partially concurred with roughly half their recommendations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haley declined to say which recommendations ICE agreed with and why, or what actions the agency took in response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers, who regularly visit the facility and represent detainees there, say they have seen little evidence that ICE or GEO has followed through on the recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't have reason to believe that many of these reports are being taken as seriously as they should by the facility or by ICE,\" says Pilar Gonzalez of the nonprofit Disability Rights California, which advocates for detainees at the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liz Jordan, an attorney with the Civil Rights Education and Enforcement Center, says the issues identified in the report have persisted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"ICE does not demand any sort of accountability from the contractors or force any changes or improvements,\" says Jordan, who is representing current and former Adelanto detainees in a \u003ca href=\"https://creeclaw.org/fraihat-v-immigration-and-customs-enforcement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Instead, they get rewarded to keep on keeping on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'No Correction Was Made'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Adelanto ICE Processing Center holds nearly 2,000 adult detainees, most of whom have \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/583/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">no criminal record\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike prison, immigration detention is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6609612-Adelanto-Detainee-Handbook.html#document/p36/a543360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not meant as punishment\u003c/a>. The government holds people in detention while deciding their immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November 2017, the authors of the report — three DHS experts in health care, corrections and mental health — traveled to Adelanto, California, to inspect the ICE detention facility after a series of complaints. The names of the experts are redacted in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three experts found major problems, but the most serious findings in the documents obtained by NPR come from the report on health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Overall, the medical care at the Adelanto facility is inadequate\" and does not meet federal standards, the report found, citing \"incompetent clinical medical leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties had previously visited the facility in 2015 under the Obama administration and detailed \"negligent\" medical care at that time. But rather than seeing improvements in 2017, the experts found that medical care had gotten worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No correction was made,\" the report states, noting that the number of complaints around detainee medical care had actually increased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The medical expert cites multiple examples of poor medical care, including long delays in appointments for broken bones and a failure to provide needed antibiotics and other medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In at least one case, a detainee's death was \"likely related\" to failures by the facility's medical staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the expert recommended a drastic measure:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At-risk detainees must be immediately removed from the facility (transferred to another facility with a well-functioning medical program).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the problems at the facility, the expert defined \"at-risk\" as any detainee with a chronic medical problem like diabetes, as well as any detainee over 55 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for detainees told NPR that there's no indication that ICE or GEO actually followed this recommendation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE declined to say whether it made changes to its medical staff in the wake of the report or transferred detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Allegations of 'Verbal Harassment' and 'Retaliation'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The allegations against the Adelanto facility went beyond medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Detainees suffer retaliation, verbal harassment and [are] treated with disrespect,\" the report found. Leadership \"must hold facility staff accountable for substantiated abusive and disrespectful treatment of the detainees,\" the report went on, noting that this problem had not been addressed after previous inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another instance, detainees alleged even harsher measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2017, a group of asylum-seekers from Central America went on hunger strike to protest conditions at the facility. When the group locked arms and refused to move, staff used pepper spray and physically removed them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The corrections expert found that the use of pepper spray was \"appropriate given the circumstances.\" But the expert saw a significant problem with the staff's subsequent actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mace.com/blogs/pepper-spray-tips/how-to-get-pepper-spray-out-of-your-eyes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cold water\u003c/a> is recommended to safely decontaminate pepper spray. But, the corrections expert found, \"The facility does not have any access to cold water. The facility only provides a mix of cold and hot water through a shower head.\" The expert warned that \"warm water will exacerbate the burning effect of the OC pepper spray.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the group of hunger strikers was placed in showers, they described \"writhing\" in pain as the water reactivated the spray. One detainee, Marvin Josue Grande Rodriguez, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584113-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-111-3.html#document/p315/a543317\">said\u003c/a> that he fainted in the shower, because \"the gas and the heat of the water ... It was far too much for me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report says the use of a hot shower was a \"significant issue\" and concluded that the facility \"must provide access to a cold-water shower\" in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a lawsuit filed by the group of hunger strikers, lawyers for GEO \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6584122-Rivera-Martinez-v-GEO-Group-111-1.html#document/p32/a541096\">said \u003c/a>that water \"does reactivate the tingling sensation\" from pepper spray but that it was \"necessary to remove the spray\" and was not intended to cause pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because ICE and GEO declined to answer specific questions, it's unclear if they followed the recommendation on cold-water showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for detainees told NPR that they were unsure whether any changes had been made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it is clear that the facility staff continue to use pepper spray. ICE statistics show that pepper spray has been used more than 25 times since the 2017 inspection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>An 'Inhumane' Use of Solitary Confinement\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Additionally, the government's experts found that the Adelanto facility was failing to meet federal standards for solitary confinement — known in ICE's bureaucratic language as \"segregation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, the report found that GEO Group staff had \"no current strategy\" when it came to long-term use of solitary confinement and that people were suffering as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one case, inspectors found, a detainee was held in a \"Special Management Unit,\" or SMU, for 426 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No detainee should be held in the SMU for this amount of time,\" the report states. \"Isolation alone can create physical safety concerns and can result in mental decompensation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expert inspectors were especially critical of the use of solitary confinement for immigrants with serious mental disorders. They found that about a third of the detainees held in solitary had a \"serious mental illness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of multiple stays, one detainee logged 904 days — or nearly 2 1/2 years — in solitary confinement, which the report calls \"shockingly high.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experts found that some detainees with serious mental illness were put in solitary confinement simply because it was the only available space where they could be closely watched. The report called that practice \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html#document/p32/a542928\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">inhumane\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If strategies are not developed,\" the report warned, \"the mental health and other long-term detainee cases will continue to decompensate, and the population of the SMU will continue to grow.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to NPR, an ICE spokesperson wrote that the agency \"is compliant\" with agency standards on the use of solitary confinement, citing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/detention-reform/pdf/segregation_directive.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">directive \u003c/a>from 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But again, critics of ICE say that is not true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have these experts ... essentially screaming from the rooftops, 'You need to fix this problem!' \" says Schwellenbach of POGO, which has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.pogo.org/investigation/2019/08/isolated-ice-confines-some-detainees-with-mental-illness-in-solitary-for-months/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">investigated \u003c/a>the use of solitary confinement in ICE detention. \"There's solutions that they're actually putting forward, but they're being ignored.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ongoing Oversight of Immigration Detention\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The state of California has repeatedly clashed with the Trump administration over immigration policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of California Sen. Kamala Harris, a former Democratic presidential candidate and former state attorney general, reviewed the documents obtained by NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is unconscionable to subject detained persons to inhumane conditions,\" Harris's office said in a statement, \"including issues arising from insufficient medical care as well as prolonged isolation and detention at immigrant detention facilities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Criticism of conditions at the Adelanto ICE Processing Center by Harris and others was one factor that led to the recent California \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-california-prisons/california-bans-private-prisons-and-immigration-detention-centers-idUSKBN1WQ2Q9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">law\u003c/a>, largely banning the use of private contractors in prison and immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"State laws aimed at obstructing federal law enforcement are inappropriate and harmful,\" ICE's Haley wrote to NPR. \"Policy makers who strive to make it more difficult to remove dangerous criminal aliens and aim to stop the cooperation of local officials and business partners, harm the very communities whose welfare they have sworn to protect.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their lawsuit against the state, GEO argues that the law is a \"transparent attempt by the State to shut down the Federal Government's detention efforts within California's borders\" and \"a direct assault on the supremacy of federal law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>East Bay Democratic Assemblyman Rob Bonta, who championed the law, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RobBontaCA/status/1212030778525138945\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tweeted \u003c/a>that the lawsuit was, \"Exactly what you'd expect fr[om] a collapsing industry in its final death throes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the full internal report \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6278922-HQ-Part2-Copy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Despite+Findings+Of+%27Negligent%27+Care%2C+ICE+To+Expand+Troubled+Calif.+Detention+Center&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 6:30 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Representatives has delivered articles of impeachment against President Trump to the Senate, which is expected to begin a trial next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier in the day, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/794256540\">named seven Democratic members of Congress\u003c/a> as the managers who will argue the case for impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those managers carried the articles to the Senate on Wednesday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What is at stake here is the Constitution of the United States,\" Pelosi said in a press conference announcing the managers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi appointed Reps. Adam Schiff, Jerry Nadler, Zoe Lofgren, Val Demings, Hakeem Jeffries, Sylvia Garcia and Jason Crow. Pelosi said Schiff will take the lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"House Speaker Nancy Pelosi\"]'This is as serious as it gets for any of us.'[/pullquote]\"The emphasis is on litigators. The emphasis is on comfort level in the courtroom. The emphasis is making the strongest possible case to protect and defend our Constitution, to seek the truth for the American people,\" Pelosi said in a Wednesday press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House voted earlier in the day on a resolution to transmit the articles and confirm the impeachment managers. It was 228-193, largely along party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is as serious as it gets for any of us,\" Pelosi said on the House floor. But House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., called impeachment \"a blunder\" and \"not a moment this body should be proud of.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seven managers bring a diverse range of experience. Schiff and Nadler led the impeachment process in the House. Lofgren is taking part in her third impeachment process; she was a staffer when the House Judiciary Committee voted out articles of impeachment against President Richard Nixon, and a committee member during President Bill Clinton's and Trump's impeachment. Demings is a former Orlando chief of police and is also a member of the House Intelligence Committee; Garcia is a former Houston municipal judge; Jeffries is a former corporate lawyer; and Crow is a former Army Ranger who served in Iraq and Afghanistan and was a co-author of a letter making the case for Congress to begin impeachment proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/794256540\">Read more about the managers here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SpeakerPelosi/status/1217464494668091394?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1217464494668091394&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2020%2F01%2F15%2F796240568%2Fhouse-set-to-vote-to-send-trump-impeachment-articles-to-senate\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abuse of power, obstruction of Congress\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi accused Trump of using the congressional appropriations process \"as his private ATM machine to grant or withhold funds granted by Congress in order to advance his personal and political advantage,\" referencing the White House's hold on defense aid to Ukraine even though the funds had been appropriated by Congress. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's defenders argue the money was held up because of concerns over political corruption in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday's actions come a month after the House approved \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/10/786579846/read-articles-of-impeachment-against-president-trump\">two articles of impeachment against the president\u003c/a>, charging him with abusing the powers of his office by attempting to pressure the government of Ukraine to investigate potential political opponent Joe Biden and his son's activities there and with obstructing Congress by refusing to cooperate in its investigation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump denies any wrongdoing and has excoriated the process. The White House reiterated its position following the House's vote on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are the weakest articles of impeachment that have ever been passed,\" a senior administration official told reporters on a background call. The official said there was no violation of law listed among the articles of impeachment. \"We think these articles fail on their face.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Seeking a fair trial\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the formal handover, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell takes the reins from Pelosi. He is establishing rules for the trial that his chamber will vote on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White House press secretary Stephanie Grisham said on Wednesday that Trump \"looks forward to having the due process rights in the Senate that Speaker Pelosi and House Democrats denied to him, and expects to be fully exonerated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exact ground rules for Trump's trial remain unclear. Democrats have demanded that the Senate call additional witnesses, potentially including former national security adviser John Bolton, who has said he is willing to testify if subpoenaed. But McConnell has resisted, saying Tuesday that the \"more contentious issue\" of calling witnesses will be addressed later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Senate is on trial as well as the president,\" Nadler said after being named one of the House impeachment managers. \"Does the Senate conduct a trial according to the Constitution, to vindicate the republic, or does the Senate participate in the president's crimes by covering them up?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0i5ox1OoW6Y\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell has sought to adhere to the procedure established in the Clinton impeachment trial in 1998, which allowed for a vote to dismiss the charges, as well as a vote on hearing additional testimony once opening arguments were made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has sought to have the Senate dismiss the charges, arguing that he did nothing wrong, but McConnell said Tuesday, \"There is little to no sentiment in the Republican conference for a motion to dismiss.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Next steps ahead of the trial\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, the impeachment managers are expected to read \u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/documents/document.html?id=6656690-Impeachment-Managers-Resolution\">the House resolution that appointed them\u003c/a> as well as the articles of impeachment in full – on the Senate floor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]Later in the day, Chief Justice John Roberts, who will preside over the trial, will be sworn in by Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa — Senate president pro tempore. Roberts would then swear in all 100 senators as jurors. After this, the president is summoned and given time to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next Tuesday, McConnell plans to have the Senate vote on rules for the trial. Then he says, the trial will begin \"in earnest.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The senior administration official told reporters on Wednesday that the trial is unlikely to last longer than two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Republicans holding a 53-47 majority in the Senate, and 67 votes necessary to convict Trump, it is almost certain the president will be acquitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The congressional proceedings mark just the third time in U.S. history that a president will be tried and face potential removal from office by the Senate. Presidents Andrew Johnson and Clinton were acquitted by the Senate after impeachment by the House. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=House+Impeachment+Managers+Deliver+Articles+To+The+Senate&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 6:30 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Representatives has delivered articles of impeachment against President Trump to the Senate, which is expected to begin a trial next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier in the day, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/794256540\">named seven Democratic members of Congress\u003c/a> as the managers who will argue the case for impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those managers carried the articles to the Senate on Wednesday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What is at stake here is the Constitution of the United States,\" Pelosi said in a press conference announcing the managers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi appointed Reps. Adam Schiff, Jerry Nadler, Zoe Lofgren, Val Demings, Hakeem Jeffries, Sylvia Garcia and Jason Crow. Pelosi said Schiff will take the lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"The emphasis is on litigators. The emphasis is on comfort level in the courtroom. The emphasis is making the strongest possible case to protect and defend our Constitution, to seek the truth for the American people,\" Pelosi said in a Wednesday press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House voted earlier in the day on a resolution to transmit the articles and confirm the impeachment managers. It was 228-193, largely along party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is as serious as it gets for any of us,\" Pelosi said on the House floor. But House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., called impeachment \"a blunder\" and \"not a moment this body should be proud of.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seven managers bring a diverse range of experience. Schiff and Nadler led the impeachment process in the House. Lofgren is taking part in her third impeachment process; she was a staffer when the House Judiciary Committee voted out articles of impeachment against President Richard Nixon, and a committee member during President Bill Clinton's and Trump's impeachment. Demings is a former Orlando chief of police and is also a member of the House Intelligence Committee; Garcia is a former Houston municipal judge; Jeffries is a former corporate lawyer; and Crow is a former Army Ranger who served in Iraq and Afghanistan and was a co-author of a letter making the case for Congress to begin impeachment proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/794256540\">Read more about the managers here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abuse of power, obstruction of Congress\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi accused Trump of using the congressional appropriations process \"as his private ATM machine to grant or withhold funds granted by Congress in order to advance his personal and political advantage,\" referencing the White House's hold on defense aid to Ukraine even though the funds had been appropriated by Congress. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's defenders argue the money was held up because of concerns over political corruption in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday's actions come a month after the House approved \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/10/786579846/read-articles-of-impeachment-against-president-trump\">two articles of impeachment against the president\u003c/a>, charging him with abusing the powers of his office by attempting to pressure the government of Ukraine to investigate potential political opponent Joe Biden and his son's activities there and with obstructing Congress by refusing to cooperate in its investigation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump denies any wrongdoing and has excoriated the process. The White House reiterated its position following the House's vote on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are the weakest articles of impeachment that have ever been passed,\" a senior administration official told reporters on a background call. The official said there was no violation of law listed among the articles of impeachment. \"We think these articles fail on their face.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Seeking a fair trial\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the formal handover, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell takes the reins from Pelosi. He is establishing rules for the trial that his chamber will vote on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White House press secretary Stephanie Grisham said on Wednesday that Trump \"looks forward to having the due process rights in the Senate that Speaker Pelosi and House Democrats denied to him, and expects to be fully exonerated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exact ground rules for Trump's trial remain unclear. Democrats have demanded that the Senate call additional witnesses, potentially including former national security adviser John Bolton, who has said he is willing to testify if subpoenaed. But McConnell has resisted, saying Tuesday that the \"more contentious issue\" of calling witnesses will be addressed later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Senate is on trial as well as the president,\" Nadler said after being named one of the House impeachment managers. \"Does the Senate conduct a trial according to the Constitution, to vindicate the republic, or does the Senate participate in the president's crimes by covering them up?\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/0i5ox1OoW6Y'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/0i5ox1OoW6Y'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>McConnell has sought to adhere to the procedure established in the Clinton impeachment trial in 1998, which allowed for a vote to dismiss the charges, as well as a vote on hearing additional testimony once opening arguments were made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has sought to have the Senate dismiss the charges, arguing that he did nothing wrong, but McConnell said Tuesday, \"There is little to no sentiment in the Republican conference for a motion to dismiss.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Next steps ahead of the trial\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, the impeachment managers are expected to read \u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/documents/document.html?id=6656690-Impeachment-Managers-Resolution\">the House resolution that appointed them\u003c/a> as well as the articles of impeachment in full – on the Senate floor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Charles Gibson pushes a shopping cart towards his soggy tent on a tenuous patch of a grassy drainage ditch along a bike trail in Santa Rosa. He’s one of nearly 200 people living in a sprawling camp here that has sprung up along a popular recreation corridor. It’s a community, Gibson says, that often feels caught between opposing forces who aren’t always listening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, they [local officials] want us to be able to govern ourselves, but they are not giving us the tools we need,” Gibson says. “They don’t want you hiding, but they don’t want you in their face, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Sonoma County Supervisor Lynda Hopkins\"]‘I never thought that I would drive past a mile-long shantytown on my way to work. And yet, that’s the reality that we’re facing right now in Sonoma County.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across California and other parts of the country, these growing homeless encampments evoke shantytown “Hoovervilles,” where hundreds of thousands of destitute Americans lived during the Great Depression. The encampments are frustrating residents, raising health and safety fears and fueling a debate over poverty and inequality in one of the nation’s wealthiest states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fight over the encampment in Sonoma County’s Santa Rosa underscores the challenges of finding a lasting solution to the growing crisis. Amid a growing chorus of outrage at filthy, unsanitary conditions and the presence of rats and used drug needles, the camp has divided locals and even prompted an effort to recall a local politician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never thought that I would drive past a mile-long shantytown on my way to work. And yet, that’s the reality that we’re facing right now in Sonoma County\u003cstrong>,\u003c/strong>” said county \u003ca href=\"http://lyndaforsupervisor.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Supervisor Lynda Hopkins\u003c/a>, whose district includes the encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For months, makeshift tarp, tent and pallet “homes” have filled a stretch of the paved Joe Rodota bike trail that sides right next to Highway 12, a major commuter artery into Santa Rosa, the county seat. Now, the Sonoma County Board of Supervisors is considering purchasing three homes to house some of the people who live on the trail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incredibly challenging,” Hopkins said, noting she gets scores of emails each day from frustrated, alarmed and angry constituents. “I also get emails of people who are just heartbroken at seeing the level of suffering — people freezing cold, living in a tent in the rain with no access to running water or electricity or sewer services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11794599 label='expanded statewide efforts' hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/newsom-1020x681.jpg\"]\u003cbr>\nWhile homelessness is a hard-to-fix national problem, it is particularly severe in California. The state’s homeless population \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11792743/hud-report-2-7-uptick-in-nations-homeless-population-due-to-california-spike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">jumped 16% in the last year\u003c/a>. California has the \u003ca href=\"https://nlchp.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Tent_City_USA_2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highest number of tent cities\u003c/a>, according to a report by the National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty. And according to a \u003ca href=\"https://files.hudexchange.info/resources/documents/2019-AHAR-Part-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new report \u003c/a>by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, California’s homeless population accounts for 53% of all unsheltered people in the country. Overall, the state has more than 150,000 people experiencing homelessness, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the growing crisis, Gov. Gavin Newsom recently proposed more than $1.4 billion in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11795344/newsom-zeroes-in-on-education-gaps-homelessness-and-wildfires-in-state-budget\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new budget \u003c/a>for expanded state and local efforts on immediate housing and services. Some $750 million of that would be placed in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/08/794687084/california-governor-pushes-1-4-billion-plan-to-tackle-homelessness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">special fund\u003c/a> to pay the rent of people facing homelessness and to jump-start the construction of more affordable housing. The first-term Democrat has also ordered state agencies to do more to help find temporary sites — including decommissioned hospitals or unused land — for the state’s expanding homeless encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the state, residents are demanding robust coordinated action on what has now become a public health crisis. There are rising concerns about health and safety problems inside the encampments, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Immunization/2016-18CAOutbreakAssociatedDrugUseHomelessness.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">disease\u003c/a>, open drug use, violence, crime and fire risks. In Los Angeles County alone, the death rate for homeless has risen steadily for years and\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/oct/30/homeless-deaths-los-angeles-county\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> in 2018 topped 1,000\u003c/a> — about three deaths a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795792\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11795792\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/img_0429_wide-8877d569f0e7e253f13298d445a54627274c2c58-e1578950118769.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Gibson, who goes by the nickname “Cowboy,” lives at the tent city in Santa Rosa. “It’s a struggle for anybody to keep warm and keep your heart and head light and strong,” he says. “I’m doing the best I can.” \u003ccite>(Eric Westervelt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Living on the Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Wiry, frenzied and with a ready smile through some missing teeth, Gibson says he prefers the nickname “Cowboy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, they call me cowboy,” Gibson says, “I always ‘cowboy up’ for other people because I take care of others when I have nothing and stretch myself thin. It’s very hard,” he says of life among broken pallets and ripped tarps. “It’s a struggle for anybody to keep warm and keep your heart and head light and strong. I’m doing the best I can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gibson, who has lived here for nearly a year, says the camp has a haphazard sense of community. People watch out for each other. But he concedes the camp has serious problems with garbage, vermin, inadequate toilets and some drug use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County and city agencies have tried to offer some services, including adding portable toilets and trash control. But camp residents say it’s not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t have someone taking out the trash, it’s gonna pile up,” Gibson says. “Some people are elderly and can’t really do a lot on their own. Some are young people that are very inexperienced with life. I try to a be a guiding light.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a nearby tent, an older woman pops her head out shouting obscenities at no one in particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People need to open up their eyes and realize they could end up like this,” Gibson says. “A lot of people are one [pay]check away. Show some humanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon a pickup truck pulls up with donations. Time to “cowboy up,” Gibson says, as he moves to help unload used warm clothes from a local resident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I drive by every morning and today I was just heartbroken,” says commuter Vania Supulveda. “My daughter complains, ‘Oh, it’s so cold out today’ when we see this. And we go back home to a nice warm home. It’s depressing. I grew up in Brazil, in a Third World country, and I’ve never seen something like this so close to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Exploring Solutions\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Board of Supervisors will vote Tuesday on the purchase of three large homes — two in central Santa Rosa and one in Cotati — that would provide housing for some of the people living on the trail. If approved, Hopkins told KQED’s Forum that the homes could be operational as early as next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.hcd.ca.gov/grants-funding/active-funding/nplh.shtml\">“No Place Like Home” program \u003c/a>would fund the purchase of the three homes. Hopkins hopes an additional two homes will be purchased eventually, totaling a cost of $6 million that includes furnishings and supportive services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is actually a model that … already is actually working in a lot of areas in Sonoma County,” Hopkins told Forum. “They have been very, very successful at getting people off the street and into housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents in similar models have even transitioned into renting their own apartments, Hopkins said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s always the goal, right? Is to get people back fully on their feet and able to be supporting themselves in a type of housing that is acceptable. What’s happening right now on the Joe Rodota Trail, we know is completely unacceptable,” Hopkins told Forum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, Hopkins is exploring an outdoor shelter option that would still allow people to camp, but would provide a navigation trailer with supportive services. It would equip people with “fundamental human needs,” such as restrooms, electricity, water and, ideally, shower and laundry facilities, Hopkins said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you talk about the encampment along the Joe Rodota Trail, it is actually very difficult to service because it’s actually spread out over about a mile and a half of linear trail,” Hopkins said. “So it’s tough for service workers to actually go out there … and actually provide people with a plan to get them off the trail and into housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Public Backlash in Sonoma County\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“It just showcases the failure of government at all levels to meaningfully have a safety net for human beings,” Hopkins said. “There’s just no room for error now, there’s no safety net.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, Sonoma County’s chief homelessness official, Geoffrey Ross, announced his resignation. The Board of Supervisors will vote Tuesday to confirm Barbie Robinson, the county health services director, as interim executive director of the Community Development Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson has drawn praise from supervisors, including Hopkins, for stepping into a leadership position and working alongside Ross to craft a plan to allocate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11792903/sonoma-county-approves-12-million-urgent-plan-for-homeless\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$12 million in emergency funds\u003c/a> for the encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopkins has also helped lead efforts to find solutions for the camp, including working on the emergency funding plan and setting up an emergency \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/society/sonoma-co-opens-eoc-for-first-time-in-response-to-homeless-crisis/5823059/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">operations center\u003c/a> to better coordinate responses to a complex problem with no easy fixes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the first-term politician is facing blowback over the camp. A handful of angry constituents started \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/10539186-181/recall-effort-targets-sonoma-county?sba=AAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an effort to recall Hopkins\u003c/a>, even though she faces an election in March. Their petition accuses Hopkins of failing to act — “her watch, her failure” — and calls the homeless encampment a “public cesspool” that’s undermining businesses, homes and quality of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem cuts across complex issues, including rising housing costs and skyrocketing rents, stagnant wages, poverty, addiction and mental health treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complicating attempts to find a solution in Sonoma is \u003ca href=\"https://sonomacounty.ca.gov/CAO/Agreement-with-Homeless-Advocates-on-Preliminary-Injunction/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a local injunction\u003c/a> that says the county can’t arrest or fine its way out of the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/13/787861253/how-boises-fight-over-homelessness-is-rippling-across-the-west-coast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A federal court ruling\u003c/a> carries even more weight. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that homeless people essentially have a Constitutional right to camp on public property if local governments can’t provide enough shelter beds and services. The U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear an appeal in that case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Marcos Ramirez, co-founder of the Squeaky Wheel Bicycle Coalition\"]‘We know how to do this; we know how to take care of people. We’ve just seen it recently with the Kincade fire.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are services Hopkins said the county simply can’t afford now on its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How can we provide alternatives when we don’t have enough money from the state or federal government to actually provide adequate mental health services, to actually provide adequate housing and shelter for these human beings?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has repeatedly criticized the state response \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/The-State-of-Homelessness-in-America.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to its homeless crisis\u003c/a>, painting it as a result of failed Democratic leadership. He has threatened federal intervention. “It’s a shame. The world is looking at it,” Trump said \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759899416/los-angeles-has-a-homeless-problem-now-the-trump-administration-is-weighing-in\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in September\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopkins and other politicians have also promised to relocate the camp within weeks – most likely to a parking lot area near the airport while they design a more permanent housing strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they conceded that a lasting fix could take at least two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Volunteers Begin to Organize\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, a new group of concerned citizens have said that the current situation is simply unacceptable. They’re asking: If the community can pull together during a wildfire crisis, why not a homeless crisis?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know how to do this; we know how to take care of people. We’ve just seen it recently with the Kincade Fire,” said artist and engineer Marcos Ramirez, one of the founders of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/SWBCSonoma/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Squeaky Wheel Bicycle Coalition.\u003c/a> The volunteer group is trying to break the familiar pattern of political outrage, hand wringing, wrangling and inaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we can organize shelter support, huge amounts of response, emergency services and these kinds of things,” Ramirez said of the wildfires where thousands were temporarily displaced, “there’s no reason why we can’t do this for our unhoused neighbors. It’s the middle of winter and things are only getting colder. There’s no excuse for this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The size of the trail encampment decreased during the Kincade Fire, Hopkins told Forum, but residents of the trail returned once the fire was out and temporary shelters closed. The camp has continued to grow since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"forum_2010101875281,news_11792903,news_11679471\" label=\"Related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition has drawn up a detailed proposal to retrofit an unused section of Sonoma County’s fairgrounds into a more permanent camp with onsite support, counseling and job services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One key, coalition members said, has been spending time at the encampment to better understand the community living there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A friend of mind said, ‘You don’t know what’s going on down there.’ And I said, ‘You’re right,’ ” Ramirez said. “And so I went down. And so we’ve spent months down there on the trail and actually getting to know our neighbors. It should seem like a no-brainer that you would need to go talk to the people and ask them what they would like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These concerned bicyclists for social change hope their ideas gain more traction. And they hope to inspire the formation of more “squeaky wheel coalitions” in cities across California — and other states — facing the same kind of homeless camp crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t like to use the term that we are trying to humanize these people because they’re people and we shouldn’t have to humanize them,” said another Squeaky Wheel activist, Miles Sarvis-Wilburn. “And yet, we’re in a position where that kind of feels like what we have to do now. It seems like that should be more normalized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Forum contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Charles Gibson pushes a shopping cart towards his soggy tent on a tenuous patch of a grassy drainage ditch along a bike trail in Santa Rosa. He’s one of nearly 200 people living in a sprawling camp here that has sprung up along a popular recreation corridor. It’s a community, Gibson says, that often feels caught between opposing forces who aren’t always listening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, they [local officials] want us to be able to govern ourselves, but they are not giving us the tools we need,” Gibson says. “They don’t want you hiding, but they don’t want you in their face, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across California and other parts of the country, these growing homeless encampments evoke shantytown “Hoovervilles,” where hundreds of thousands of destitute Americans lived during the Great Depression. The encampments are frustrating residents, raising health and safety fears and fueling a debate over poverty and inequality in one of the nation’s wealthiest states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fight over the encampment in Sonoma County’s Santa Rosa underscores the challenges of finding a lasting solution to the growing crisis. Amid a growing chorus of outrage at filthy, unsanitary conditions and the presence of rats and used drug needles, the camp has divided locals and even prompted an effort to recall a local politician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never thought that I would drive past a mile-long shantytown on my way to work. And yet, that’s the reality that we’re facing right now in Sonoma County\u003cstrong>,\u003c/strong>” said county \u003ca href=\"http://lyndaforsupervisor.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Supervisor Lynda Hopkins\u003c/a>, whose district includes the encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For months, makeshift tarp, tent and pallet “homes” have filled a stretch of the paved Joe Rodota bike trail that sides right next to Highway 12, a major commuter artery into Santa Rosa, the county seat. Now, the Sonoma County Board of Supervisors is considering purchasing three homes to house some of the people who live on the trail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incredibly challenging,” Hopkins said, noting she gets scores of emails each day from frustrated, alarmed and angry constituents. “I also get emails of people who are just heartbroken at seeing the level of suffering — people freezing cold, living in a tent in the rain with no access to running water or electricity or sewer services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nWhile homelessness is a hard-to-fix national problem, it is particularly severe in California. The state’s homeless population \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11792743/hud-report-2-7-uptick-in-nations-homeless-population-due-to-california-spike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">jumped 16% in the last year\u003c/a>. California has the \u003ca href=\"https://nlchp.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Tent_City_USA_2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highest number of tent cities\u003c/a>, according to a report by the National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty. And according to a \u003ca href=\"https://files.hudexchange.info/resources/documents/2019-AHAR-Part-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new report \u003c/a>by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, California’s homeless population accounts for 53% of all unsheltered people in the country. Overall, the state has more than 150,000 people experiencing homelessness, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the growing crisis, Gov. Gavin Newsom recently proposed more than $1.4 billion in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11795344/newsom-zeroes-in-on-education-gaps-homelessness-and-wildfires-in-state-budget\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new budget \u003c/a>for expanded state and local efforts on immediate housing and services. Some $750 million of that would be placed in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/08/794687084/california-governor-pushes-1-4-billion-plan-to-tackle-homelessness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">special fund\u003c/a> to pay the rent of people facing homelessness and to jump-start the construction of more affordable housing. The first-term Democrat has also ordered state agencies to do more to help find temporary sites — including decommissioned hospitals or unused land — for the state’s expanding homeless encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the state, residents are demanding robust coordinated action on what has now become a public health crisis. There are rising concerns about health and safety problems inside the encampments, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Immunization/2016-18CAOutbreakAssociatedDrugUseHomelessness.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">disease\u003c/a>, open drug use, violence, crime and fire risks. In Los Angeles County alone, the death rate for homeless has risen steadily for years and\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/oct/30/homeless-deaths-los-angeles-county\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> in 2018 topped 1,000\u003c/a> — about three deaths a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795792\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11795792\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/img_0429_wide-8877d569f0e7e253f13298d445a54627274c2c58-e1578950118769.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Gibson, who goes by the nickname “Cowboy,” lives at the tent city in Santa Rosa. “It’s a struggle for anybody to keep warm and keep your heart and head light and strong,” he says. “I’m doing the best I can.” \u003ccite>(Eric Westervelt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Living on the Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Wiry, frenzied and with a ready smile through some missing teeth, Gibson says he prefers the nickname “Cowboy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, they call me cowboy,” Gibson says, “I always ‘cowboy up’ for other people because I take care of others when I have nothing and stretch myself thin. It’s very hard,” he says of life among broken pallets and ripped tarps. “It’s a struggle for anybody to keep warm and keep your heart and head light and strong. I’m doing the best I can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gibson, who has lived here for nearly a year, says the camp has a haphazard sense of community. People watch out for each other. But he concedes the camp has serious problems with garbage, vermin, inadequate toilets and some drug use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County and city agencies have tried to offer some services, including adding portable toilets and trash control. But camp residents say it’s not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t have someone taking out the trash, it’s gonna pile up,” Gibson says. “Some people are elderly and can’t really do a lot on their own. Some are young people that are very inexperienced with life. I try to a be a guiding light.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a nearby tent, an older woman pops her head out shouting obscenities at no one in particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People need to open up their eyes and realize they could end up like this,” Gibson says. “A lot of people are one [pay]check away. Show some humanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon a pickup truck pulls up with donations. Time to “cowboy up,” Gibson says, as he moves to help unload used warm clothes from a local resident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I drive by every morning and today I was just heartbroken,” says commuter Vania Supulveda. “My daughter complains, ‘Oh, it’s so cold out today’ when we see this. And we go back home to a nice warm home. It’s depressing. I grew up in Brazil, in a Third World country, and I’ve never seen something like this so close to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Exploring Solutions\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Board of Supervisors will vote Tuesday on the purchase of three large homes — two in central Santa Rosa and one in Cotati — that would provide housing for some of the people living on the trail. If approved, Hopkins told KQED’s Forum that the homes could be operational as early as next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.hcd.ca.gov/grants-funding/active-funding/nplh.shtml\">“No Place Like Home” program \u003c/a>would fund the purchase of the three homes. Hopkins hopes an additional two homes will be purchased eventually, totaling a cost of $6 million that includes furnishings and supportive services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is actually a model that … already is actually working in a lot of areas in Sonoma County,” Hopkins told Forum. “They have been very, very successful at getting people off the street and into housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents in similar models have even transitioned into renting their own apartments, Hopkins said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s always the goal, right? Is to get people back fully on their feet and able to be supporting themselves in a type of housing that is acceptable. What’s happening right now on the Joe Rodota Trail, we know is completely unacceptable,” Hopkins told Forum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, Hopkins is exploring an outdoor shelter option that would still allow people to camp, but would provide a navigation trailer with supportive services. It would equip people with “fundamental human needs,” such as restrooms, electricity, water and, ideally, shower and laundry facilities, Hopkins said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you talk about the encampment along the Joe Rodota Trail, it is actually very difficult to service because it’s actually spread out over about a mile and a half of linear trail,” Hopkins said. “So it’s tough for service workers to actually go out there … and actually provide people with a plan to get them off the trail and into housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Public Backlash in Sonoma County\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“It just showcases the failure of government at all levels to meaningfully have a safety net for human beings,” Hopkins said. “There’s just no room for error now, there’s no safety net.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, Sonoma County’s chief homelessness official, Geoffrey Ross, announced his resignation. The Board of Supervisors will vote Tuesday to confirm Barbie Robinson, the county health services director, as interim executive director of the Community Development Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson has drawn praise from supervisors, including Hopkins, for stepping into a leadership position and working alongside Ross to craft a plan to allocate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11792903/sonoma-county-approves-12-million-urgent-plan-for-homeless\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$12 million in emergency funds\u003c/a> for the encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopkins has also helped lead efforts to find solutions for the camp, including working on the emergency funding plan and setting up an emergency \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/society/sonoma-co-opens-eoc-for-first-time-in-response-to-homeless-crisis/5823059/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">operations center\u003c/a> to better coordinate responses to a complex problem with no easy fixes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the first-term politician is facing blowback over the camp. A handful of angry constituents started \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/10539186-181/recall-effort-targets-sonoma-county?sba=AAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an effort to recall Hopkins\u003c/a>, even though she faces an election in March. Their petition accuses Hopkins of failing to act — “her watch, her failure” — and calls the homeless encampment a “public cesspool” that’s undermining businesses, homes and quality of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem cuts across complex issues, including rising housing costs and skyrocketing rents, stagnant wages, poverty, addiction and mental health treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complicating attempts to find a solution in Sonoma is \u003ca href=\"https://sonomacounty.ca.gov/CAO/Agreement-with-Homeless-Advocates-on-Preliminary-Injunction/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a local injunction\u003c/a> that says the county can’t arrest or fine its way out of the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/13/787861253/how-boises-fight-over-homelessness-is-rippling-across-the-west-coast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A federal court ruling\u003c/a> carries even more weight. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that homeless people essentially have a Constitutional right to camp on public property if local governments can’t provide enough shelter beds and services. The U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear an appeal in that case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We know how to do this; we know how to take care of people. We’ve just seen it recently with the Kincade fire.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are services Hopkins said the county simply can’t afford now on its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How can we provide alternatives when we don’t have enough money from the state or federal government to actually provide adequate mental health services, to actually provide adequate housing and shelter for these human beings?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has repeatedly criticized the state response \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/The-State-of-Homelessness-in-America.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to its homeless crisis\u003c/a>, painting it as a result of failed Democratic leadership. He has threatened federal intervention. “It’s a shame. The world is looking at it,” Trump said \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759899416/los-angeles-has-a-homeless-problem-now-the-trump-administration-is-weighing-in\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in September\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopkins and other politicians have also promised to relocate the camp within weeks – most likely to a parking lot area near the airport while they design a more permanent housing strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they conceded that a lasting fix could take at least two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Volunteers Begin to Organize\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, a new group of concerned citizens have said that the current situation is simply unacceptable. They’re asking: If the community can pull together during a wildfire crisis, why not a homeless crisis?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know how to do this; we know how to take care of people. We’ve just seen it recently with the Kincade Fire,” said artist and engineer Marcos Ramirez, one of the founders of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/SWBCSonoma/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Squeaky Wheel Bicycle Coalition.\u003c/a> The volunteer group is trying to break the familiar pattern of political outrage, hand wringing, wrangling and inaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we can organize shelter support, huge amounts of response, emergency services and these kinds of things,” Ramirez said of the wildfires where thousands were temporarily displaced, “there’s no reason why we can’t do this for our unhoused neighbors. It’s the middle of winter and things are only getting colder. There’s no excuse for this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The size of the trail encampment decreased during the Kincade Fire, Hopkins told Forum, but residents of the trail returned once the fire was out and temporary shelters closed. The camp has continued to grow since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition has drawn up a detailed proposal to retrofit an unused section of Sonoma County’s fairgrounds into a more permanent camp with onsite support, counseling and job services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One key, coalition members said, has been spending time at the encampment to better understand the community living there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A friend of mind said, ‘You don’t know what’s going on down there.’ And I said, ‘You’re right,’ ” Ramirez said. “And so I went down. And so we’ve spent months down there on the trail and actually getting to know our neighbors. It should seem like a no-brainer that you would need to go talk to the people and ask them what they would like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These concerned bicyclists for social change hope their ideas gain more traction. And they hope to inspire the formation of more “squeaky wheel coalitions” in cities across California — and other states — facing the same kind of homeless camp crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t like to use the term that we are trying to humanize these people because they’re people and we shouldn’t have to humanize them,” said another Squeaky Wheel activist, Miles Sarvis-Wilburn. “And yet, we’re in a position where that kind of feels like what we have to do now. It seems like that should be more normalized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Forum contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s 5 a.m., and the thermostat reads 44 degrees F. Cars round the bend of an off-ramp of state Route 24 in northern Oakland, spraying bands of light across Norm Ciha and his neighbors. They wear headlamps so they can see in the dark as they gather their belongings: tents, clothes, cooking gear, carts piled with blankets, children’s shoes and, in one case, a set of golf clubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shredder, Ciha’s dog, takes a treat, then lets it fall from his mouth. He whines as Ciha walks away with a camping mattress. “I can leave him all day in the tent and he’s fine, but he freaks out every time we have to move,” Ciha says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every other week, the residents of this thin slice of state-owned land just off the freeway pack up their possessions and move to another empty lot nearby; they aren’t quite sure who owns it. They move in anticipation of the routine sweeps of homeless encampments ordered by the California Department of Transportation, which has jurisdiction over the state’s highways and exit ramps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The highway crews check that the area is clear of people and their belongings, throwing away any items that remain. Once the trucks leave, the residents move back in. Ciha and his neighbors call it “the Caltrans Shuffle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Eric Tars, legal director of the National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty\"]‘If cities spent half the energy on trying to provide access to sanitation as they did on trying to find constitutional ways to take people’s belongings, they could address homelessness.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their makeshift neighborhood of tarps and tents is built on one of thousands of public spaces across California where people have set up camp. The state’s homeless population has ballooned in recent years; in 2019, there were more than 150,000 homeless people in California, according to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, and 72% of them did not have shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A range of health concerns has spread among homeless communities. A few years ago, hepatitis A, spread primarily through feces, infected more than 700 people in California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Immunization/2016-18CAOutbreakAssociatedDrugUseHomelessness.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">most of them homeless,\u003c/a> according to state officials. Ancient diseases, such as typhus,\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2019/03/typhus-tuberculosis-medieval-diseases-spreading-homeless/584380/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> have resurged\u003c/a>. Homeless people are\u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/news/the-homeless-are-dying-in-record-numbers-on-the-streets-of-l-a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> dying in record numbers\u003c/a> on the streets of Los Angeles, according to data from the county coroner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Communities up and down California, increasingly frustrated with the growing number of homeless people living on public property, have tasked police and sanitation workers with dismantling encampments that they say pollute public areas and pose serious risk of fire, violence and disease. The rousting and cleanups have become a daily occurrence around the state, involving an array of state and local agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the response from officials has prompted a public health crisis all its own, according to interviews with dozens of homeless people and their advocates. Personal possessions, including medicines and necessary medical devices, are routinely thrown away. It’s a quotidian event that Leilani Farha, the United Nations special rapporteur on adequate housing, described as a “cruelty” that she hasn’t seen in other impoverished corners of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ciha, who is 57, learned the hard way that living on the street means his belongings can be taken in an instant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November 2018, when he was camping by an Ikea in nearby Emeryville, the California Highway Patrol and Caltrans employees showed up unannounced. He was out buying a tent when they arrived, and the crew designated his belongings as garbage. His fellow campers protested and grabbed what they could. Ciha returned and asked for time to gather his things. But everything, he says, was just thrown into a trash compactor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with his bedding and clothes, he lost three weeks of an eight-week supply of the medication he’d been prescribed to treat hepatitis C. He’d gotten the medicine through Medi-Cal. Though the drugs were almost certainly purchased at a discount, Ciha’s course of treatment retails for around $40,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, a federal court case involving a camping ban in Boise, Idaho, determined that cities can’t cite people for sleeping on public property when there’s nowhere else to go. It doesn’t, however, determine rules about their possessions. That question has been argued for decades, with\u003ca href=\"https://nlchp.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Tent_City_USA_2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> multiple courts\u003c/a> determining that destroying or confiscating property without notice is a violation of the constitutional right to personal property. Cities rarely, if ever, fight those decisions, which means there’s been no precedent set by a higher court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795326\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"The California Department of Transportation is required to post notices of cleanups before clearing out homeless encampments on state property. But housing advocates, who say the agency doesn't always comply with the rules, are suing the state over seized belongings.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Department of Transportation is required to post notices of cleanups before clearing out homeless encampments on state property. But housing advocates, who say the agency doesn’t always comply with the rules, are suing the state over seized belongings. \u003ccite>(Anna Maria Barry-Jester/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lawsuits in California have made the issue more visible in the state than in other places, even though this is a nationwide problem, says \u003ca href=\"https://nlchp.org/about/our-staff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eric Tars\u003c/a>, legal director of the National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty. Today, many California cities have policies that either prevent seizing belongings or require storage, but public health and safety exceptions often allow for things to be thrown away without notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If cities spent half the energy on trying to provide access to sanitation as they did on trying to find constitutional ways to take people’s belongings, they could address homelessness,” Tars says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of San Francisco contends that it stores people’s belongings when they are seized — a policy that resulted from a settlement of an earlier lawsuit. But advocates for the homeless, including \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.berkeley.edu/graduate-student/chris-herring\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chris Herring\u003c/a>, a doctoral student in sociology at University of California, Berkeley, say that doesn’t always happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Chris Herring, a doctoral student in sociology at University of California, Berkeley,\"]‘[The city will] say we’re just asking people to move, but if you’re being asked that over and over and you have nowhere to go, and people are acting like you’re worthless or they’re scared of you, that affects you fast.’[/pullquote]Herring has been embedding himself in San Francisco’s homeless community off and on for years. He spent nine months in 2014 and 2015 living on the street, for example, and another year studying the police, public health and sanitation workers tasked with cleaning encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herring says he has witnessed people refusing medical help because they didn’t want to leave their things behind, and says he knows others who lost jobs after missing shifts to salvage personal items. An elderly man, so ill he lay paralyzed on the sidewalk, once called Herring and asked him to look after his stuff before he called 911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles has limited the amount of personal property people can carry with them or store on public property, saying it must fit inside a 60-gallon container — the equivalent of a medium-sized outdoor trash bin. Several homeless residents\u003ca href=\"https://la.curbed.com/2019/7/18/20699345/homeless-camps-seizures-lawsuit-constitutional\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> are suing\u003c/a> the city over the rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, up the hill from where Ciha camps, Caltrans posts advisories about scheduled cleanups, notifying people when they will come through. Caltrans policy requires the postings, but an ongoing \u003ca href=\"http://sanchezlawsuit.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">class-action lawsuit\u003c/a> against Caltrans claims that policy isn’t always followed, and that the sweeps are a violation of people’s constitutional right to private property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ciha has joined the suit. Another defendant says Caltrans took her walker, which she was using because an infected wound made it difficult for her to get around. Others have lost ID cards and prescriptions, a setback for making appointments or receiving benefits, according to one of the lawyers on the case, Osha Neumann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrans workers say they hate doing the cleanups. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like 100 times worse than it was just a few years ago,” says Steve Crouch, director of public employees for Local 39 of the International Union of Operating Engineers, which represents Caltrans workers. “One of the biggest gripes they have is having to clean up the homeless encampments. It’s a nasty job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sweeps also cause psychological pain. Ciha and his neighbors talk about how horrible it is when people driving by throw garbage at them. Herring says the trauma of living on the streets is so intense he hasn’t yet figured out how to write about it in his academic work. “[The city will] say we’re just asking people to move, but if you’re being asked that over and over and you have nowhere to go, and people are acting like you’re worthless or they’re scared of you, that affects you fast,” Herring says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ciha got tested for hep C after a friend went from healthy to sick in a matter of months. When Ciha was prescribed the treatment, the doctor told him he shouldn’t miss a dose. After his things were discarded, he wandered around Oakland for a week, he says, sleeping in random places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795336\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha1_custom-122cb834abf574021801eda809eff8866345a8c7-s800-c85-800x532.jpg\" alt='Every other week, Norm Ciha and his homeless neighbors temporarily relocate their camp from land alongside a freeway offramp in Oakland, to a nearby vacant lot — until state cleanup crews have come and gone. They call it \"the Caltrans Shuffle.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795336\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha1_custom-122cb834abf574021801eda809eff8866345a8c7-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha1_custom-122cb834abf574021801eda809eff8866345a8c7-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Every other week, Norm Ciha and his homeless neighbors temporarily relocate their camp from land alongside a freeway offramp in Oakland, to a nearby vacant lot — until state cleanup crews have come and gone. They call it “the Caltrans Shuffle.” \u003ccite>(Anna Maria Barry-Jester/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He eventually stumbled across the encampment he now calls home; he likes it because it has only a few people and, for the most part, everyone keeps their area clean and drama-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"homelessness\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]Ciha went back to the doctor after he moved in and was able to get a refill of his prescription. But he’d gone a week without treatment and hasn’t been back since, to see if his hep C is cured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has since grown accustomed to the Caltrans Shuffle. In the hours before last month’s sweep, he first lugged his cot to the nearby lot. Then his camping mattress and a plastic bin with pots, pans and utensils. Shredder’s food bowl. A cart holding a suitcase filled with bright-white teddy bears that remind him of his mom, a badminton racket, a comforter and a small landscape painting. Things he’ll use, he says, when he gets a place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’d moved his belongings and was standing on the sidewalk by the time the Caltrans crew arrived, with two police escorts and five trucks. One of Ciha’s neighbors threw garbage into the back of one of the trucks, while workers checked the property. As the cleanup crew packed up, Ciha stood in the lot next door eating a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. The sun was now above the horizon pushing out the morning cold. He would rest a few minutes, and then move back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003cem>, which publishes \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Healthline\u003c/a>\u003cem>, an editorially independent service of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>\u003cem>. KHN is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Sweeps+Of+Homeless+Camps+In+California+Aggravate+Key+Health+Issues&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Cities have tasked police and sanitation workers with dismantling homeless camps that they say pose a risk to health and safety. But that's meant some displaced people are losing needed medications.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s 5 a.m., and the thermostat reads 44 degrees F. Cars round the bend of an off-ramp of state Route 24 in northern Oakland, spraying bands of light across Norm Ciha and his neighbors. They wear headlamps so they can see in the dark as they gather their belongings: tents, clothes, cooking gear, carts piled with blankets, children’s shoes and, in one case, a set of golf clubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shredder, Ciha’s dog, takes a treat, then lets it fall from his mouth. He whines as Ciha walks away with a camping mattress. “I can leave him all day in the tent and he’s fine, but he freaks out every time we have to move,” Ciha says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every other week, the residents of this thin slice of state-owned land just off the freeway pack up their possessions and move to another empty lot nearby; they aren’t quite sure who owns it. They move in anticipation of the routine sweeps of homeless encampments ordered by the California Department of Transportation, which has jurisdiction over the state’s highways and exit ramps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The highway crews check that the area is clear of people and their belongings, throwing away any items that remain. Once the trucks leave, the residents move back in. Ciha and his neighbors call it “the Caltrans Shuffle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘If cities spent half the energy on trying to provide access to sanitation as they did on trying to find constitutional ways to take people’s belongings, they could address homelessness.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their makeshift neighborhood of tarps and tents is built on one of thousands of public spaces across California where people have set up camp. The state’s homeless population has ballooned in recent years; in 2019, there were more than 150,000 homeless people in California, according to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, and 72% of them did not have shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A range of health concerns has spread among homeless communities. A few years ago, hepatitis A, spread primarily through feces, infected more than 700 people in California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Immunization/2016-18CAOutbreakAssociatedDrugUseHomelessness.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">most of them homeless,\u003c/a> according to state officials. Ancient diseases, such as typhus,\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2019/03/typhus-tuberculosis-medieval-diseases-spreading-homeless/584380/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> have resurged\u003c/a>. Homeless people are\u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/news/the-homeless-are-dying-in-record-numbers-on-the-streets-of-l-a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> dying in record numbers\u003c/a> on the streets of Los Angeles, according to data from the county coroner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Communities up and down California, increasingly frustrated with the growing number of homeless people living on public property, have tasked police and sanitation workers with dismantling encampments that they say pollute public areas and pose serious risk of fire, violence and disease. The rousting and cleanups have become a daily occurrence around the state, involving an array of state and local agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the response from officials has prompted a public health crisis all its own, according to interviews with dozens of homeless people and their advocates. Personal possessions, including medicines and necessary medical devices, are routinely thrown away. It’s a quotidian event that Leilani Farha, the United Nations special rapporteur on adequate housing, described as a “cruelty” that she hasn’t seen in other impoverished corners of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ciha, who is 57, learned the hard way that living on the street means his belongings can be taken in an instant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November 2018, when he was camping by an Ikea in nearby Emeryville, the California Highway Patrol and Caltrans employees showed up unannounced. He was out buying a tent when they arrived, and the crew designated his belongings as garbage. His fellow campers protested and grabbed what they could. Ciha returned and asked for time to gather his things. But everything, he says, was just thrown into a trash compactor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with his bedding and clothes, he lost three weeks of an eight-week supply of the medication he’d been prescribed to treat hepatitis C. He’d gotten the medicine through Medi-Cal. Though the drugs were almost certainly purchased at a discount, Ciha’s course of treatment retails for around $40,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, a federal court case involving a camping ban in Boise, Idaho, determined that cities can’t cite people for sleeping on public property when there’s nowhere else to go. It doesn’t, however, determine rules about their possessions. That question has been argued for decades, with\u003ca href=\"https://nlchp.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Tent_City_USA_2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> multiple courts\u003c/a> determining that destroying or confiscating property without notice is a violation of the constitutional right to personal property. Cities rarely, if ever, fight those decisions, which means there’s been no precedent set by a higher court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795326\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"The California Department of Transportation is required to post notices of cleanups before clearing out homeless encampments on state property. But housing advocates, who say the agency doesn't always comply with the rules, are suing the state over seized belongings.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha5_custom-38b7938a8f652e77b86c1896bd7ea675ccf7ee52.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Department of Transportation is required to post notices of cleanups before clearing out homeless encampments on state property. But housing advocates, who say the agency doesn’t always comply with the rules, are suing the state over seized belongings. \u003ccite>(Anna Maria Barry-Jester/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lawsuits in California have made the issue more visible in the state than in other places, even though this is a nationwide problem, says \u003ca href=\"https://nlchp.org/about/our-staff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eric Tars\u003c/a>, legal director of the National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty. Today, many California cities have policies that either prevent seizing belongings or require storage, but public health and safety exceptions often allow for things to be thrown away without notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If cities spent half the energy on trying to provide access to sanitation as they did on trying to find constitutional ways to take people’s belongings, they could address homelessness,” Tars says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of San Francisco contends that it stores people’s belongings when they are seized — a policy that resulted from a settlement of an earlier lawsuit. But advocates for the homeless, including \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.berkeley.edu/graduate-student/chris-herring\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chris Herring\u003c/a>, a doctoral student in sociology at University of California, Berkeley, say that doesn’t always happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Herring has been embedding himself in San Francisco’s homeless community off and on for years. He spent nine months in 2014 and 2015 living on the street, for example, and another year studying the police, public health and sanitation workers tasked with cleaning encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herring says he has witnessed people refusing medical help because they didn’t want to leave their things behind, and says he knows others who lost jobs after missing shifts to salvage personal items. An elderly man, so ill he lay paralyzed on the sidewalk, once called Herring and asked him to look after his stuff before he called 911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles has limited the amount of personal property people can carry with them or store on public property, saying it must fit inside a 60-gallon container — the equivalent of a medium-sized outdoor trash bin. Several homeless residents\u003ca href=\"https://la.curbed.com/2019/7/18/20699345/homeless-camps-seizures-lawsuit-constitutional\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> are suing\u003c/a> the city over the rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, up the hill from where Ciha camps, Caltrans posts advisories about scheduled cleanups, notifying people when they will come through. Caltrans policy requires the postings, but an ongoing \u003ca href=\"http://sanchezlawsuit.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">class-action lawsuit\u003c/a> against Caltrans claims that policy isn’t always followed, and that the sweeps are a violation of people’s constitutional right to private property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ciha has joined the suit. Another defendant says Caltrans took her walker, which she was using because an infected wound made it difficult for her to get around. Others have lost ID cards and prescriptions, a setback for making appointments or receiving benefits, according to one of the lawyers on the case, Osha Neumann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrans workers say they hate doing the cleanups. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like 100 times worse than it was just a few years ago,” says Steve Crouch, director of public employees for Local 39 of the International Union of Operating Engineers, which represents Caltrans workers. “One of the biggest gripes they have is having to clean up the homeless encampments. It’s a nasty job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sweeps also cause psychological pain. Ciha and his neighbors talk about how horrible it is when people driving by throw garbage at them. Herring says the trauma of living on the streets is so intense he hasn’t yet figured out how to write about it in his academic work. “[The city will] say we’re just asking people to move, but if you’re being asked that over and over and you have nowhere to go, and people are acting like you’re worthless or they’re scared of you, that affects you fast,” Herring says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ciha got tested for hep C after a friend went from healthy to sick in a matter of months. When Ciha was prescribed the treatment, the doctor told him he shouldn’t miss a dose. After his things were discarded, he wandered around Oakland for a week, he says, sleeping in random places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795336\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha1_custom-122cb834abf574021801eda809eff8866345a8c7-s800-c85-800x532.jpg\" alt='Every other week, Norm Ciha and his homeless neighbors temporarily relocate their camp from land alongside a freeway offramp in Oakland, to a nearby vacant lot — until state cleanup crews have come and gone. They call it \"the Caltrans Shuffle.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795336\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha1_custom-122cb834abf574021801eda809eff8866345a8c7-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ciha1_custom-122cb834abf574021801eda809eff8866345a8c7-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Every other week, Norm Ciha and his homeless neighbors temporarily relocate their camp from land alongside a freeway offramp in Oakland, to a nearby vacant lot — until state cleanup crews have come and gone. They call it “the Caltrans Shuffle.” \u003ccite>(Anna Maria Barry-Jester/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He eventually stumbled across the encampment he now calls home; he likes it because it has only a few people and, for the most part, everyone keeps their area clean and drama-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ciha went back to the doctor after he moved in and was able to get a refill of his prescription. But he’d gone a week without treatment and hasn’t been back since, to see if his hep C is cured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has since grown accustomed to the Caltrans Shuffle. In the hours before last month’s sweep, he first lugged his cot to the nearby lot. Then his camping mattress and a plastic bin with pots, pans and utensils. Shredder’s food bowl. A cart holding a suitcase filled with bright-white teddy bears that remind him of his mom, a badminton racket, a comforter and a small landscape painting. Things he’ll use, he says, when he gets a place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’d moved his belongings and was standing on the sidewalk by the time the Caltrans crew arrived, with two police escorts and five trucks. One of Ciha’s neighbors threw garbage into the back of one of the trucks, while workers checked the property. As the cleanup crew packed up, Ciha stood in the lot next door eating a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. The sun was now above the horizon pushing out the morning cold. He would rest a few minutes, and then move back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003cem>, which publishes \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Healthline\u003c/a>\u003cem>, an editorially independent service of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>\u003cem>. KHN is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Sweeps+Of+Homeless+Camps+In+California+Aggravate+Key+Health+Issues&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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