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"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">California has been involved in 54 major legal cases with the Trump administration on a variety of issues, a \u003ca href=\"https://attorneysgeneral.org/multistate-lawsuits-vs-the-federal-government/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">tracker\u003c/span>\u003c/a> developed by a Marquette University political scientist reveals. Of these, the state has sparred with President Trump over climate change and the environment more than on any other issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has won injunctions, policy reversals or other favorable rulings in 15 of the 16 major environmental cases that the courts have ruled on, with 15 cases pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state initiated many of the lawsuits, and other states have joined onto them. For example, Illinois, Maryland, New Mexico and four other states joined California when it successfully \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/court-ruling-msj.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">challenged\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the EPA for undermining regulations that control greenhouse gas emissions from landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we take action, it’s not just to file a case or delay an action, it’s to win,” California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said. “We’re fighting and winning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the lawsuits, California sued the administration over the science that the Environmental Protection Agency used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1923269/california-sues-over-plan-to-scrap-car-emission-standards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">roll back emission standards\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956060/epa-rolls-back-obama-era-rules-protecting-rivers-and-wetlands\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">justification for new water rules\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, and its plan to ease methane regulations. Becerra \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1946927/feds-propose-rolling-back-rules-on-climate-changing-methane-emissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">called\u003c/span>\u003c/a> that last proposal “monumentally stupid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California has also brought 23 solo challenges against the administration, which Marquette hasn’t included in its tally yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">In total, the state has been involved in at least 77 legal fights with the Trump administration in just three years. \u003cspan class=\"s2\">That’s plenty more than \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2019/04/california-sues-trump-more-becerra-lawsuit-tracker-update/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Texas had with the Obama administration over eight years\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, when rising \u003c/span>partisanship gripped the nation \u003cspan class=\"s2\">and \u003c/span>conservative state attorneys general challenged the federal government in record numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans’ win rate against Obama hovered around 60%. \u003cspan class=\"s2\">Democratic attorneys generals’ rate is close to 80% against Trump.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>But … the Conservative Supreme Court …\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California’s win rate shows that lawyers in its attorney general’s office are bringing strong cases, says legal scholar Buzz Thompson, founding director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It is also true that the Trump administration has been pushing the boundaries of legitimate environmental deregulation more than any prior administration,” he said. “He has been doing it quickly and in some cases sloppily. As a result, there are a lot more opportunities to revise environmental actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Paul Nolette, chair of the political science department at Marquette University, \u003c/span>says losses are more likely if the challenges from California rise to the Supreme Court, which has a majority of strongly conservative judges. At the same time, he added, not all of the cases will reach that level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Becerra maintains that he’s “optimistic and confident” that California’s environmental challenges will be successful in the Supreme Court because of what he calls his “three allies” — facts, science and the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">“It should be no different when we get to the Supreme Court with most of these cases,” he said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Mary Nichols, the top air quality regulator with the California Air Resources Board, said in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-01-10/california-clean-air-case-supreme-court-mary-nichols\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">interview\u003c/span>\u003c/a> with the L.A. Times that the environmental case she’s most concerned about is the state’s dispute with the federal government over vehicle emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California challenged the Trump administration after it moved to revoke a waiver that granted authority to the state to set its own tailpipe emissions standards for cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“Our strategy is to win, but to win in a way that does not precipitate a Supreme Court taking of this case until Mr. Trump is out of office,” Nichols said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Pushing Federal Policy From California\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Nolette said Becerra and other state attorneys general are more involved in national policy now because new federal statutes allow them to enforce environmental policy, consumer protections, Medicaid regulations and other federal law. “Also,” he added, “lawsuits work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">“Twenty years ago, if you said that somebody like Becerra, who was pretty high up in House leadership, is going to resign his seat and go back to California for a state position that is not governor, people would have said: ‘Why would he do that? That’s a terrible career move,’” Nolette said. “Becerra realized he’s able to get more done and get more attention for his policy agenda as the attorney general of California than he was even in House leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Becerra worked as a California deputy attorney general in the late 1980s, before voters elected him to statewide office in 1990 and eventually to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1992. He sat on the powerful Ways and Means Committee and chaired the House Democractic Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Becerra replaced Kamala Harris as California attorney general after she was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2016.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fight over the Trump administration’s travel ban — an executive action that blocked people from six majority-Muslim countries from entering the U.S. — shows that even if a court throws out a legal challenge, the state can first extract policy concessions from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration’s first travel order sparked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11291018/protesters-rush-to-airports-as-trump-order-targeting-refugees-take-effect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">chaos\u003c/span>\u003c/a> at San Francisco International Airport before the courts knocked it down. The Justice Department responded by altering the measure, and the Supreme Court reinstated it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">The Supreme Court decision was one of California’s few legal losses against this administration, but President Trump didn’t celebrate the victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">Instead, he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/871675245043888128?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">complained\u003c/span>\u003c/a> on twitter that his Justice Department “should have stayed with the original Travel Ban, not the watered down, politically correct version they submitted to S.C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if he’s been more effective in shaping federal policy as California’s top lawyer than he was as a congressman, Becerra said he doesn’t want to “disparage my time in Congress … but it’s true, in a way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">“\u003c/span>This agency can be pretty nimble and move fast as compared to a legislative body, which requires a majority vote and approval by an executive to actually get anything done,” he said. “\u003cspan class=\"s2\">I have found that over these last two-plus years that it’s been a great opportunity to actually implement policy without having a vote.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">California has been involved in 54 major legal cases with the Trump administration on a variety of issues, a \u003ca href=\"https://attorneysgeneral.org/multistate-lawsuits-vs-the-federal-government/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">tracker\u003c/span>\u003c/a> developed by a Marquette University political scientist reveals. Of these, the state has sparred with President Trump over climate change and the environment more than on any other issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has won injunctions, policy reversals or other favorable rulings in 15 of the 16 major environmental cases that the courts have ruled on, with 15 cases pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state initiated many of the lawsuits, and other states have joined onto them. For example, Illinois, Maryland, New Mexico and four other states joined California when it successfully \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/court-ruling-msj.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">challenged\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the EPA for undermining regulations that control greenhouse gas emissions from landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we take action, it’s not just to file a case or delay an action, it’s to win,” California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said. “We’re fighting and winning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the lawsuits, California sued the administration over the science that the Environmental Protection Agency used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1923269/california-sues-over-plan-to-scrap-car-emission-standards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">roll back emission standards\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956060/epa-rolls-back-obama-era-rules-protecting-rivers-and-wetlands\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">justification for new water rules\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, and its plan to ease methane regulations. Becerra \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1946927/feds-propose-rolling-back-rules-on-climate-changing-methane-emissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">called\u003c/span>\u003c/a> that last proposal “monumentally stupid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California has also brought 23 solo challenges against the administration, which Marquette hasn’t included in its tally yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">In total, the state has been involved in at least 77 legal fights with the Trump administration in just three years. \u003cspan class=\"s2\">That’s plenty more than \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2019/04/california-sues-trump-more-becerra-lawsuit-tracker-update/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Texas had with the Obama administration over eight years\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, when rising \u003c/span>partisanship gripped the nation \u003cspan class=\"s2\">and \u003c/span>conservative state attorneys general challenged the federal government in record numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans’ win rate against Obama hovered around 60%. \u003cspan class=\"s2\">Democratic attorneys generals’ rate is close to 80% against Trump.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>But … the Conservative Supreme Court …\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California’s win rate shows that lawyers in its attorney general’s office are bringing strong cases, says legal scholar Buzz Thompson, founding director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It is also true that the Trump administration has been pushing the boundaries of legitimate environmental deregulation more than any prior administration,” he said. “He has been doing it quickly and in some cases sloppily. As a result, there are a lot more opportunities to revise environmental actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Paul Nolette, chair of the political science department at Marquette University, \u003c/span>says losses are more likely if the challenges from California rise to the Supreme Court, which has a majority of strongly conservative judges. At the same time, he added, not all of the cases will reach that level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Becerra maintains that he’s “optimistic and confident” that California’s environmental challenges will be successful in the Supreme Court because of what he calls his “three allies” — facts, science and the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">“It should be no different when we get to the Supreme Court with most of these cases,” he said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Mary Nichols, the top air quality regulator with the California Air Resources Board, said in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-01-10/california-clean-air-case-supreme-court-mary-nichols\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">interview\u003c/span>\u003c/a> with the L.A. Times that the environmental case she’s most concerned about is the state’s dispute with the federal government over vehicle emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California challenged the Trump administration after it moved to revoke a waiver that granted authority to the state to set its own tailpipe emissions standards for cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“Our strategy is to win, but to win in a way that does not precipitate a Supreme Court taking of this case until Mr. Trump is out of office,” Nichols said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Pushing Federal Policy From California\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Nolette said Becerra and other state attorneys general are more involved in national policy now because new federal statutes allow them to enforce environmental policy, consumer protections, Medicaid regulations and other federal law. “Also,” he added, “lawsuits work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">“Twenty years ago, if you said that somebody like Becerra, who was pretty high up in House leadership, is going to resign his seat and go back to California for a state position that is not governor, people would have said: ‘Why would he do that? That’s a terrible career move,’” Nolette said. “Becerra realized he’s able to get more done and get more attention for his policy agenda as the attorney general of California than he was even in House leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Becerra worked as a California deputy attorney general in the late 1980s, before voters elected him to statewide office in 1990 and eventually to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1992. He sat on the powerful Ways and Means Committee and chaired the House Democractic Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Becerra replaced Kamala Harris as California attorney general after she was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2016.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fight over the Trump administration’s travel ban — an executive action that blocked people from six majority-Muslim countries from entering the U.S. — shows that even if a court throws out a legal challenge, the state can first extract policy concessions from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration’s first travel order sparked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11291018/protesters-rush-to-airports-as-trump-order-targeting-refugees-take-effect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">chaos\u003c/span>\u003c/a> at San Francisco International Airport before the courts knocked it down. The Justice Department responded by altering the measure, and the Supreme Court reinstated it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">The Supreme Court decision was one of California’s few legal losses against this administration, but President Trump didn’t celebrate the victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">Instead, he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/871675245043888128?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">complained\u003c/span>\u003c/a> on twitter that his Justice Department “should have stayed with the original Travel Ban, not the watered down, politically correct version they submitted to S.C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if he’s been more effective in shaping federal policy as California’s top lawyer than he was as a congressman, Becerra said he doesn’t want to “disparage my time in Congress … but it’s true, in a way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">“\u003c/span>This agency can be pretty nimble and move fast as compared to a legislative body, which requires a majority vote and approval by an executive to actually get anything done,” he said. “\u003cspan class=\"s2\">I have found that over these last two-plus years that it’s been a great opportunity to actually implement policy without having a vote.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed an adult male resident of Santa Clara County has tested positive for the coronavirus, county public health officials announced on Friday. It’s the first such case in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man had recently traveled to Wuhan, China — the source of the global outbreak — and became ill after returning home, officials said in a press release. He has largely been isolated at home since he returned to San Jose International Airport on Jan. 24 and only left his home twice to seek outpatient medical care after he began experiencing symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outbreak that originated in Wuhan has infected more than 9,800 people globally as of Friday. The World Health Organization declared it a global health emergency on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11798751 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40986_iStock-1170728885-qut-1020x680.jpg']The new case marks the seventh in the U.S. and the third in California — the other two were confirmed in Los Angeles and Orange counties. All infected people in the U.S. except one recently traveled to Wuhan. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials with Santa Clara County, California and the CDC are now conducting a public health investigation to identify the people the man came into contact with since he returned to the U.S. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes people he interacted with while traveling, medical staff and the “very few” people in his household, officials said. Anyone who has been exposed will be contacted by an investigation team member, monitored for symptoms and instructed to stay home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understand that this news may be concerning, but based on what we know today, the risk to residents of our community remains low,” said Dr. Sara Cody, a Santa Clara County health officer. “This news is not unexpected. Santa Clara County has the largest population in the Bay Area, and many of our residents travel for both personal and business reasons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cody said the patient had been to Wuhan and Shanghai, but said he is believed to have contracted the virus in Wuhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county has been preparing for weeks, and officials weren’t surprised to have the first Bay Area case of the virus, Cody said. But public risk remains low, since the man has remained mostly isolated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This one case in fact does not change the risk for the general public,” Cody said. “Although we are announcing a confirmed case today … please know that we do not have evidence to suggest that the novel coronavirus is circulating in the Bay Area, in Santa Clara County or really in Northern California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cody said residents remain far more likely to become ill from the flu, which she noted kills an average of 36,000 Americans every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re sick, stay home, stay away from others,” Cody said. You should cough and sneeze into your elbow, wash your hands frequently, get the flu shot and avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The new case marks the seventh in the U.S. and the third in California — the other two were confirmed in Los Angeles and Orange counties. All infected people in the U.S. except one recently traveled to Wuhan. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials with Santa Clara County, California and the CDC are now conducting a public health investigation to identify the people the man came into contact with since he returned to the U.S. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes people he interacted with while traveling, medical staff and the “very few” people in his household, officials said. Anyone who has been exposed will be contacted by an investigation team member, monitored for symptoms and instructed to stay home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understand that this news may be concerning, but based on what we know today, the risk to residents of our community remains low,” said Dr. Sara Cody, a Santa Clara County health officer. “This news is not unexpected. Santa Clara County has the largest population in the Bay Area, and many of our residents travel for both personal and business reasons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMgsOyIuebc&feature=emb_logo\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People in northern climates have long gazed at the wonder that is the aurora borealis: the northern lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those celestial streaks of light and color are often seen on clear nights in Finland, where they’re so admired that a Finnish-language Facebook group dedicated to finding and photographing them has more than 11,000 members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There aurora aficionados gather to discuss subjects like space weather forecasts and the best equipment to capture the northern lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among its members is Minna Palmroth. She’s a physicist and professor at the University of Helsinki, where she leads a research group that studies the space weather that causes auroral emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When members of the group posted photos of the auroras they’d seen and wanting to learn more, Palmroth would often reply with the aurora’s type and the scientific explanation for its form. The discussions led Palmroth and two collaborators to publish \u003ca href=\"https://kauppa.intokustannus.fi/kirja/revontulibongarin-opas/\">a field guide to the northern lights\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even after the book came out, some questions remained unanswered. A few of the citizens’ photos showed a form of aurora that didn’t fit into any of the known categories. It had green, horizontal waves running in parallel. Its undulations reminding some observers of sand formations, and it was christened “the dunes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group was discussing the phenomenon in the days after Palmroth’s book was published, when one member pointed out that the mysterious phenomenon was happening at that very moment, outside their windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Palmroth suggested a way that the members might be able to help scientists investigate the phenomenon: by taking photographs of it from different locations around Finland, at the exact same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the group’s photographers managed to capture pictures of the aurora at the exact same second, from locations 120 kilometers (75 miles) apart. That gave researchers in Palmroth’s group at the University of Helsinki what they needed to measure the aurora and locate it in near-Earth space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maxime Grandin is one of the physicists on Palmroth’s team. He was able to analyze the photographs using free software called \u003ca href=\"https://stellarium.org/\">Stellarium\u003c/a> to pinpoint the tips of the dunes’ “fingers” and calculate their azimuth and elevation, based on the location of the star located behind it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With a single picture, you cannot get any information,” he tells NPR. “You need two pictures to retrieve the location of a given feature in space.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The angular information from the pictures allowed Grandin to triangulate the altitude of each finger. He found that the whole structure was at an altitude of 100 kilometers (about 60 miles). He projected the structures onto a map, locating them in the atmosphere above Sweden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out the amateur sky watchers had not only identified a new type of aurora – they had helped scientists illuminate a part of the Earth’s atmosphere that isn’t well known.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grandin says the part of the atmosphere where the dunes are found — the ionosphere — has been studied less than other areas because it’s hard to take measurements in this zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Satellites cannot fly at such low altitude, balloons cannot reach that high altitude, even radars generally do not really resolve the measurements at those altitudes.” He says the region “is called very often ‘the ignorosphere’ because we basically ignore almost everything about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the dunes discovery is already shedding new light on the ionosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palmroth, Grandin and other authors of a study published in the journal \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2019AV000133\">AGU Advances\u003c/a> suggest that a possible cause for the dunes could be a mesospheric bore: a rare phenomenon that to their knowledge had never been observed at the auroral zone or investigated using auroral emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the finding is an important one for science — and Grandin says that the role of citizens was crucial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without them asking questions, without them even taking the pictures in the first place, we would probably have never heard of the dunes and never investigated them,” he says. “The dunes certainly have been existing for centuries or millennia. But it was about noticing them and bringing them to the attention of scientists and asking questions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says citizens are passionate about their observations — which leads to their asking lots of questions. “Sometimes we realize these are extremely good questions, actually, and we don’t know [the answers], so we need to investigate that. And then that’s how you come up with a new topic of a really great study, and it’s a really nice adventure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to the website \u003ca href=\"https://www.taivaanvahti.fi/\">Taivaanvahti\u003c/a>, where amateur photographers can upload their photos, pinpointing where in Finland they observed a given phenomenon and the precise time. The result is a rich database of observed aurora and other phenomena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also notes the role that Canadian aurora chasers played in identifying \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/23/641276633/scientists-puzzled-by-mysterious-lights-in-the-sky-they-call-steve\">the atmospheric phenomenon called STEVE\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citizens’ getting involved in such scientific efforts can have a larger impact on society, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at a time where some people doubt the validity of science,” he says. “And if people feel that they are part of this great adventure that is science, I think they’re more inclined to trust it. And that’s really great.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+New+Form+Of+Northern+Lights+Discovered+In+Finland+%E2%80%93+By+Amateur+Sky+Watchers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When members of the group posted photos of the auroras they’d seen and wanting to learn more, Palmroth would often reply with the aurora’s type and the scientific explanation for its form. The discussions led Palmroth and two collaborators to publish \u003ca href=\"https://kauppa.intokustannus.fi/kirja/revontulibongarin-opas/\">a field guide to the northern lights\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even after the book came out, some questions remained unanswered. A few of the citizens’ photos showed a form of aurora that didn’t fit into any of the known categories. It had green, horizontal waves running in parallel. Its undulations reminding some observers of sand formations, and it was christened “the dunes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group was discussing the phenomenon in the days after Palmroth’s book was published, when one member pointed out that the mysterious phenomenon was happening at that very moment, outside their windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Palmroth suggested a way that the members might be able to help scientists investigate the phenomenon: by taking photographs of it from different locations around Finland, at the exact same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the group’s photographers managed to capture pictures of the aurora at the exact same second, from locations 120 kilometers (75 miles) apart. That gave researchers in Palmroth’s group at the University of Helsinki what they needed to measure the aurora and locate it in near-Earth space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maxime Grandin is one of the physicists on Palmroth’s team. 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But it was about noticing them and bringing them to the attention of scientists and asking questions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says citizens are passionate about their observations — which leads to their asking lots of questions. “Sometimes we realize these are extremely good questions, actually, and we don’t know [the answers], so we need to investigate that. And then that’s how you come up with a new topic of a really great study, and it’s a really nice adventure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to the website \u003ca href=\"https://www.taivaanvahti.fi/\">Taivaanvahti\u003c/a>, where amateur photographers can upload their photos, pinpointing where in Finland they observed a given phenomenon and the precise time. The result is a rich database of observed aurora and other phenomena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also notes the role that Canadian aurora chasers played in identifying \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/23/641276633/scientists-puzzled-by-mysterious-lights-in-the-sky-they-call-steve\">the atmospheric phenomenon called STEVE\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citizens’ getting involved in such scientific efforts can have a larger impact on society, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at a time where some people doubt the validity of science,” he says. “And if people feel that they are part of this great adventure that is science, I think they’re more inclined to trust it. And that’s really great.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. 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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated, 5:12 p.m. Mar. 31.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the current \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1958628/coronavirus-covid-19-is-now-officially-a-pandemic-who-says\">coronavirus outbreak a pandemic\u003c/a> on March 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While concern over the fast-spreading nature of the COVID-19 virus is understandable, misinformation seems to be spreading even faster than the disease itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Emergency Management Agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/Coronavirus-Rumor-Control\">launched a page on its website\u003c/a> to fight misinformation regarding the response to the coronavirus pandemic. Officials are working to assure the public there is no national quarantine at this time, and FEMA has not deployed military assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conspiracy theorists (and likely some internet trolls) have even \u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/qanon-conspiracy-theorists-magic-cure-for-coronavirus-is-drinking-lethal-bleach?ref=author\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suggested\u003c/a> a so-called cure for the disease called the “Miracle” or “Master Mineral Solution” — which, when mixed, turns into a potent form of bleach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-warns-consumers-about-dangerous-and-potentially-life-threatening-side-effects-miracle-mineral\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">repeatedly\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170111070843/http:/www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm228052.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">warned\u003c/a> consumers not to ingest the solution, and says doing so has led to cases of “severe vomiting, severe diarrhea, life-threatening low blood pressure caused by dehydration and acute liver failure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From rumors over the origin of the disease, to how far it has spread, to outlandish cures, here’s what we know thus far about the coronavirus:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are there confirmed cases of coronavirus in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes. You can find the latest information on where coronavirus has spread in the Bay Area, and statewide, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957877/live-updates-coronavirus-in-the-san-francisco-bay-area\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1957877 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41905_GettyImages-1204066783-qut-1020x513.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There are rumors that this coronavirus is man-made. Is that true?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no indication to suggest that this virus has been man-made or could could have been man-made,” said Susan Philip, director of disease prevention and control at the San Francisco Department of Public Health. “What we know from coronaviruses is that they often originate in animals and cause illness in animals, but sometimes they can also cause illness in people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There are rumors that this coronavirus comes from/can be cured by alcohol (in particular, Corona beer). Is that true? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beer or alcohol consumption doesn’t either cure a person who’s infected with a virus nor cause it. So there’s no relationship there,” Philip said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>President Donald Trump has recently described chloroquine as a “game changer” in fighting coronavirus. Is it safe to try self-medicating if I’m sick?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A man has died and his wife was in critical condition in Arizona after the couple took chloroquine phosphate, an additive used to clean fish tanks that is also found in an anti-malaria medication that’s been \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/03/24/820512107/man-dies-woman-hospitalized-after-taking-form-of-chloroquine-to-prevent-covid-19\">touted by President Donald Trump\u003c/a> as a treatment for COVID- 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration chief said chloroquine still needs to be tested for that use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the uncertainty around COVID-19, we understand that people are trying to find new ways to prevent or treat this virus, but self-medicating is not the way to do so,” said Dr. Daniel Brooks, Banner Poison and Drug Information Center medical director. “The last thing that we want right now is to inundate our emergency departments with patients who believe they found a vague and risky solution that could potentially jeopardize their health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where did this disease come from? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CDC\u003c/a>, the coronavirus is actually a series of viruses common in different species of animals that can sometimes be passed on to humans. Both SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) are types of coronaviruses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have seen infections and epidemics with coronavirus before,” said Philip. “So while this particular virus is new and has not been described or characterized before, we are familiar with the overall family of coronaviruses from previous infectious disease and public health epidemics that have occurred.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular strain has been referred to as the 2019 novel (or new) coronavirus, sometimes expressed as 2019-nCoV. It has now officially been named COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do I know if I’ve been exposed? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The symptoms of COVID-19 are similar to other respiratory illnesses, like the flu, and will manifest as a cough, shortness of breath and fever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does the virus spread?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While health care professionals don’t know exactly how this disease spreads, the CDC says that coronaviruses are mainly spread through “respiratory droplets” produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those in close contact with an infected person are more likely to catch it, much like with influenza or colds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How close do I have to be to an infected person to get sick? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While much is still unknown about COVID-19, it’s thought to spread like other respiratory illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, just as it does with a cold, people in my family that live in a house with me are more likely to get my cold than someone that is across the BART train from me,” Philip explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">defines\u003c/a> “close contact” as being within approximately six feet of an infected person without protective covering, like a mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can I protect myself?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like with other illnesses, washing your hands is probably one of the best things you can do to prevent the spread of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Often the way these are transmitted is inadvertently touching our eyes or mouth, or eating something without having washed our hands and picking up a virus or germ that way,” Philip said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another thing you can do? Get a flu shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a flu shot won’t protect you from COVID-19, they do share similar symptoms. And Philip says getting a flu shot might help reduce any worried feelings you might have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’ve been feeling sick lately — should I be worried? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First off, stay calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957767/im-sick-how-do-i-know-if-its-the-coronavirus\">If you’re feeling sick\u003c/a>, you should stay home from work and call your health care provider. Tell them about your symptoms and your travel history, and they’ll help you decide what to do from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some have expressed concerns over visiting Chinatown or spending time among people who identify as Chinese.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philip said there’s no reason to stigmatize or avoid any communities or neighborhoods — and that doing so could make things worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stigma and discrimination could actually make all San Franciscans less safe, if people who are feeling ill are too worried about the reaction from their fellow San Franciscans to come forward to seek medical care,” said Philip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11805625 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/GettyImages-1211031238_1920x-1020x690.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Should I be concerned about pets or other animals? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">According to the CDC\u003c/a>, while the virus may have initially spread through animal contact in China, there is “no reason to think that any animals or pets in the United States might be a source of infection with this new coronavirus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are infected people being quarantined in California?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, the locations in California are: Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield, the March Air Reserve Base in Riverside and the Marine Corps Air Station in Miramar near San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will there be screenings at California airports? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 2, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2020/02/02/dhs-issues-supplemental-instructions-inbound-flights-individuals-who-have-been-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Department of Homeland Security announced\u003c/a> that “all flights from China and all passengers who have traveled to China within the last 14 days” will be routed through one of 11 airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airports, which include SFO and LAX, can provide enhanced screenings to passengers and can quarantine people as necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Non-stop flights from SFO to and from Wuhan have been canceled since Jan. 22. Additionally, the weekly number of flights to and from China were set to be reduced by about 50% starting Feb. 4, according to SFO spokesperson Doug Yakel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO is not requiring airport employees and passengers to wear masks based on guidance from the CDC and San Francisco Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These health experts are telling us that at this point, masks are not necessary, and there’s nothing yet to prove that these are required to prevent the spread of coronavirus,” Yakel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I heard there were issues with the CDC’s coronavirus test kits. Is that true? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, some.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press conference on March 12, Gov. Gavin Newsom said California currently has the capacity to run over 8,000 diagnostic tests for COVID-19. But Newson also stressed that not all of the kits sent to the state’s labs are complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The test kits do not include in every case the RNA extraction kits, the reagents, the chemicals, the solutions that are components of the broader test,” Newsom said. “This is imperative that the federal government and labs across the United States, not just the state of California, get the benefit of all the ingredients that are components of the test.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom made the analogy to purchasing a printer without an ink cartridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am surprised this is not more of the national conversation. We need to focus in on these tests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the state is distributing components of the test kits throughout the state’s 18 labs that currently run tests for the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some labs have tests, but don’t have the reagents. We’re sending those reagents down to those labs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the state’s testing capacity, Newsom said: “They are improving, but there are still challenges and we need to own up to that, and we need to be forthright and honest about what those are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/t0212-cdc-telebriefing-transcript.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news briefing\u003c/a> on Feb. 12, officials with the CDC said some of the coronavirus test kits it sent to states the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/p0206-coronavirus-diagnostic-test-kits.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previous week\u003c/a> were producing “inconclusive laboratory results.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are working closely with them to correct the issues. And, as we’ve said all along, speed is important but equally or more important in this situation is making sure that the laboratory results are correct,” said Dr. Nancy Messonnier, director of the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There are rumors that someone can be contaminated with this coronavirus by consuming raw or undercooked meat. Is that true? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes and no.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the CDC, the outbreak in Wuhan, China, may have been originally linked to some seafood and animal markets. But the majority of the outbreak seems to now be person-to-person transmissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the U.S.?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve not seen any data or statements in the scientific or public health literature to support raw or uncooked meat as a source of novel coronavirus,” Philip said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I heard I should avoid grocery shopping in the first few days of April to make sure that families who get low-income food benefits, like Women, Infants and Children (WIC), have access to the food they need. Is that true?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not quite correct. While some families may get their benefits during the first few days of April, others have their benefits staggered throughout the month. CalFresh recipients also have their \u003ca href=\"http://dpss.lacounty.gov/wps/portal/dpss/main/programs-and-services/electronic-benefit-transfer/stagger-days/!ut/p/b0/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfGjzOLdDAwM3P2dgo0MXM0cDRz9g70MQy28DT0djfQLsh0VAYFtjq0!/\">benefits staggered\u003c/a> across the first 10 days of each month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to address concerns about scarcity at stores, officials with the state Department of Public Health said they’re working on adding food types and package sizes that were previously unavailable to WIC recipient to address any challenges participants may be having in getting their benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story will continue to be updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you concerned about this coronavirus? Share your questions below. Or email us at \u003ca href=\"mailto:talk@kqed.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">talk@kqed.org\u003c/a> to include photos, screenshots, video or a voice memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[hearken id=\"4854\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/4854.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated, 5:12 p.m. Mar. 31.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the current \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1958628/coronavirus-covid-19-is-now-officially-a-pandemic-who-says\">coronavirus outbreak a pandemic\u003c/a> on March 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While concern over the fast-spreading nature of the COVID-19 virus is understandable, misinformation seems to be spreading even faster than the disease itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Emergency Management Agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/Coronavirus-Rumor-Control\">launched a page on its website\u003c/a> to fight misinformation regarding the response to the coronavirus pandemic. Officials are working to assure the public there is no national quarantine at this time, and FEMA has not deployed military assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conspiracy theorists (and likely some internet trolls) have even \u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/qanon-conspiracy-theorists-magic-cure-for-coronavirus-is-drinking-lethal-bleach?ref=author\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suggested\u003c/a> a so-called cure for the disease called the “Miracle” or “Master Mineral Solution” — which, when mixed, turns into a potent form of bleach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-warns-consumers-about-dangerous-and-potentially-life-threatening-side-effects-miracle-mineral\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">repeatedly\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170111070843/http:/www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm228052.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">warned\u003c/a> consumers not to ingest the solution, and says doing so has led to cases of “severe vomiting, severe diarrhea, life-threatening low blood pressure caused by dehydration and acute liver failure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From rumors over the origin of the disease, to how far it has spread, to outlandish cures, here’s what we know thus far about the coronavirus:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are there confirmed cases of coronavirus in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes. You can find the latest information on where coronavirus has spread in the Bay Area, and statewide, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957877/live-updates-coronavirus-in-the-san-francisco-bay-area\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There are rumors that this coronavirus is man-made. Is that true?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no indication to suggest that this virus has been man-made or could could have been man-made,” said Susan Philip, director of disease prevention and control at the San Francisco Department of Public Health. “What we know from coronaviruses is that they often originate in animals and cause illness in animals, but sometimes they can also cause illness in people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There are rumors that this coronavirus comes from/can be cured by alcohol (in particular, Corona beer). Is that true? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beer or alcohol consumption doesn’t either cure a person who’s infected with a virus nor cause it. So there’s no relationship there,” Philip said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>President Donald Trump has recently described chloroquine as a “game changer” in fighting coronavirus. Is it safe to try self-medicating if I’m sick?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A man has died and his wife was in critical condition in Arizona after the couple took chloroquine phosphate, an additive used to clean fish tanks that is also found in an anti-malaria medication that’s been \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/03/24/820512107/man-dies-woman-hospitalized-after-taking-form-of-chloroquine-to-prevent-covid-19\">touted by President Donald Trump\u003c/a> as a treatment for COVID- 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration chief said chloroquine still needs to be tested for that use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the uncertainty around COVID-19, we understand that people are trying to find new ways to prevent or treat this virus, but self-medicating is not the way to do so,” said Dr. Daniel Brooks, Banner Poison and Drug Information Center medical director. “The last thing that we want right now is to inundate our emergency departments with patients who believe they found a vague and risky solution that could potentially jeopardize their health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where did this disease come from? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CDC\u003c/a>, the coronavirus is actually a series of viruses common in different species of animals that can sometimes be passed on to humans. Both SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) are types of coronaviruses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have seen infections and epidemics with coronavirus before,” said Philip. “So while this particular virus is new and has not been described or characterized before, we are familiar with the overall family of coronaviruses from previous infectious disease and public health epidemics that have occurred.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular strain has been referred to as the 2019 novel (or new) coronavirus, sometimes expressed as 2019-nCoV. It has now officially been named COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do I know if I’ve been exposed? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The symptoms of COVID-19 are similar to other respiratory illnesses, like the flu, and will manifest as a cough, shortness of breath and fever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does the virus spread?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While health care professionals don’t know exactly how this disease spreads, the CDC says that coronaviruses are mainly spread through “respiratory droplets” produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those in close contact with an infected person are more likely to catch it, much like with influenza or colds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How close do I have to be to an infected person to get sick? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While much is still unknown about COVID-19, it’s thought to spread like other respiratory illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, just as it does with a cold, people in my family that live in a house with me are more likely to get my cold than someone that is across the BART train from me,” Philip explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">defines\u003c/a> “close contact” as being within approximately six feet of an infected person without protective covering, like a mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can I protect myself?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like with other illnesses, washing your hands is probably one of the best things you can do to prevent the spread of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Often the way these are transmitted is inadvertently touching our eyes or mouth, or eating something without having washed our hands and picking up a virus or germ that way,” Philip said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another thing you can do? Get a flu shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a flu shot won’t protect you from COVID-19, they do share similar symptoms. And Philip says getting a flu shot might help reduce any worried feelings you might have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’ve been feeling sick lately — should I be worried? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First off, stay calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957767/im-sick-how-do-i-know-if-its-the-coronavirus\">If you’re feeling sick\u003c/a>, you should stay home from work and call your health care provider. Tell them about your symptoms and your travel history, and they’ll help you decide what to do from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some have expressed concerns over visiting Chinatown or spending time among people who identify as Chinese.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philip said there’s no reason to stigmatize or avoid any communities or neighborhoods — and that doing so could make things worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stigma and discrimination could actually make all San Franciscans less safe, if people who are feeling ill are too worried about the reaction from their fellow San Franciscans to come forward to seek medical care,” said Philip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Should I be concerned about pets or other animals? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">According to the CDC\u003c/a>, while the virus may have initially spread through animal contact in China, there is “no reason to think that any animals or pets in the United States might be a source of infection with this new coronavirus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are infected people being quarantined in California?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, the locations in California are: Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield, the March Air Reserve Base in Riverside and the Marine Corps Air Station in Miramar near San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will there be screenings at California airports? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 2, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2020/02/02/dhs-issues-supplemental-instructions-inbound-flights-individuals-who-have-been-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Department of Homeland Security announced\u003c/a> that “all flights from China and all passengers who have traveled to China within the last 14 days” will be routed through one of 11 airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airports, which include SFO and LAX, can provide enhanced screenings to passengers and can quarantine people as necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Non-stop flights from SFO to and from Wuhan have been canceled since Jan. 22. Additionally, the weekly number of flights to and from China were set to be reduced by about 50% starting Feb. 4, according to SFO spokesperson Doug Yakel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO is not requiring airport employees and passengers to wear masks based on guidance from the CDC and San Francisco Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These health experts are telling us that at this point, masks are not necessary, and there’s nothing yet to prove that these are required to prevent the spread of coronavirus,” Yakel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I heard there were issues with the CDC’s coronavirus test kits. Is that true? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, some.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press conference on March 12, Gov. Gavin Newsom said California currently has the capacity to run over 8,000 diagnostic tests for COVID-19. But Newson also stressed that not all of the kits sent to the state’s labs are complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The test kits do not include in every case the RNA extraction kits, the reagents, the chemicals, the solutions that are components of the broader test,” Newsom said. “This is imperative that the federal government and labs across the United States, not just the state of California, get the benefit of all the ingredients that are components of the test.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom made the analogy to purchasing a printer without an ink cartridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am surprised this is not more of the national conversation. We need to focus in on these tests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the state is distributing components of the test kits throughout the state’s 18 labs that currently run tests for the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some labs have tests, but don’t have the reagents. We’re sending those reagents down to those labs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the state’s testing capacity, Newsom said: “They are improving, but there are still challenges and we need to own up to that, and we need to be forthright and honest about what those are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/t0212-cdc-telebriefing-transcript.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news briefing\u003c/a> on Feb. 12, officials with the CDC said some of the coronavirus test kits it sent to states the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/p0206-coronavirus-diagnostic-test-kits.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previous week\u003c/a> were producing “inconclusive laboratory results.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are working closely with them to correct the issues. And, as we’ve said all along, speed is important but equally or more important in this situation is making sure that the laboratory results are correct,” said Dr. Nancy Messonnier, director of the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There are rumors that someone can be contaminated with this coronavirus by consuming raw or undercooked meat. Is that true? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes and no.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the CDC, the outbreak in Wuhan, China, may have been originally linked to some seafood and animal markets. But the majority of the outbreak seems to now be person-to-person transmissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the U.S.?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve not seen any data or statements in the scientific or public health literature to support raw or uncooked meat as a source of novel coronavirus,” Philip said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I heard I should avoid grocery shopping in the first few days of April to make sure that families who get low-income food benefits, like Women, Infants and Children (WIC), have access to the food they need. Is that true?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not quite correct. While some families may get their benefits during the first few days of April, others have their benefits staggered throughout the month. CalFresh recipients also have their \u003ca href=\"http://dpss.lacounty.gov/wps/portal/dpss/main/programs-and-services/electronic-benefit-transfer/stagger-days/!ut/p/b0/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfGjzOLdDAwM3P2dgo0MXM0cDRz9g70MQy28DT0djfQLsh0VAYFtjq0!/\">benefits staggered\u003c/a> across the first 10 days of each month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to address concerns about scarcity at stores, officials with the state Department of Public Health said they’re working on adding food types and package sizes that were previously unavailable to WIC recipient to address any challenges participants may be having in getting their benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story will continue to be updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you concerned about this coronavirus? Share your questions below. Or email us at \u003ca href=\"mailto:talk@kqed.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">talk@kqed.org\u003c/a> to include photos, screenshots, video or a voice memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "After a Dry January, California Snowpack is Trending Below Normal",
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"content": "\u003cp>State water officials say the snowpack near Lake Tahoe is 79 percent of the historical average for this time of year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/News/News-Releases/2020/January-2020-Snow-Survey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Department of Water Resources\u003c/a> conducted the second monthly snow survey of the year Thursday morning at Phillips Station snow course in the Sierra Nevada, south of Lake Tahoe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s one of 260 stations that measures snowpack statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snowpack across the state is averaging 72 percent of what’s normal for the start of February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DWR’s Jan. 2 snow survey tracked the Sierra snowpack at close to average for the beginning of the year. But California experienced a dry January that slowed the accumulation of snowpack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In comparison to where we were just a month ago … snow and precipitation statewide were well below average,” said Sean de Guzman, chief of DWR’s Snow Surveys and Water Supply Forecasting Section.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CA_DWR/status/1222981468147740672\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1936797/why-we-cant-stop-talking-about-californias-sierra-snowpack\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">record snowpack\u003c/a> as Snow Water Equivalent (also known as Snow Water Content); it measures how much water the snow contains. They record the depth in inches that would be produced by melting the snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data helps scientists determine how much water will melt during the spring and summer months to replenish California’s reservoirs. The runoff of melting Sierra snow provides about one-third of California’s \u003ca href=\"https://sierranevada.ca.gov/ca-primary-watershed/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">water supply\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite this month’s below average snowpack measurements, de Guzman says the water supply in California’s reservoirs is currently in good shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Luckily, our reservoirs statewide are either at or above their historical averages for this time of year thanks, in part, to just how wet of a water year 2019 was,” de Guzman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California typically receives about half of its annual precipitation in the months of December, January and February. De Guzman says a few big storms could bring the state’s snowpack back on track for 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still need to wait and see what the next few months will bring us,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water officials will continue to monitor snowpack through April 1, when it typically reaches its peak and the spring runoff begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>State water officials say the snowpack near Lake Tahoe is 79 percent of the historical average for this time of year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/News/News-Releases/2020/January-2020-Snow-Survey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Department of Water Resources\u003c/a> conducted the second monthly snow survey of the year Thursday morning at Phillips Station snow course in the Sierra Nevada, south of Lake Tahoe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s one of 260 stations that measures snowpack statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snowpack across the state is averaging 72 percent of what’s normal for the start of February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DWR’s Jan. 2 snow survey tracked the Sierra snowpack at close to average for the beginning of the year. But California experienced a dry January that slowed the accumulation of snowpack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In comparison to where we were just a month ago … snow and precipitation statewide were well below average,” said Sean de Guzman, chief of DWR’s Snow Surveys and Water Supply Forecasting Section.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1936797/why-we-cant-stop-talking-about-californias-sierra-snowpack\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">record snowpack\u003c/a> as Snow Water Equivalent (also known as Snow Water Content); it measures how much water the snow contains. They record the depth in inches that would be produced by melting the snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data helps scientists determine how much water will melt during the spring and summer months to replenish California’s reservoirs. The runoff of melting Sierra snow provides about one-third of California’s \u003ca href=\"https://sierranevada.ca.gov/ca-primary-watershed/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">water supply\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite this month’s below average snowpack measurements, de Guzman says the water supply in California’s reservoirs is currently in good shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Luckily, our reservoirs statewide are either at or above their historical averages for this time of year thanks, in part, to just how wet of a water year 2019 was,” de Guzman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California typically receives about half of its annual precipitation in the months of December, January and February. De Guzman says a few big storms could bring the state’s snowpack back on track for 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still need to wait and see what the next few months will bring us,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water officials will continue to monitor snowpack through April 1, when it typically reaches its peak and the spring runoff begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Coronavirus: American Evacuation Flight From Wuhan Lands in California",
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"content": "\u003cp>More than 200 Americans who were evacuated from Wuhan, China, because of the deadly new strain of coronavirus cheered as their plane landed in Alaska late Tuesday. It was a moment of relief and joy, even as health workers rushed to ensure that passengers don’t have the respiratory virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole plane erupted in cheers when the crew said, ‘Welcome home to the United States,’ ” said Anne Zink, Alaska’s chief medical officer. She described the scene as “a moving and uplifting experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chartered airliner — a Kalitta Air Boeing 747 — then took off for the March Air Reserve Base in Riverside County, about 65 miles east of Los Angeles. It landed shortly after 8 a.m. local time, according to the flight tracking site \u003ca href=\"https://www.flightradar24.com/CKS371/23afe247\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Flightradar24\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=\"right\" citation=\"WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus\"]‘Of course, decisions on evacuating citizens is up to the countries. But one thing WHO advises is that they have to prepare themselves if there is importation of cases. So they need to really have a thorough understanding, comprehensive, on their actions.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flight was organized by the U.S. State Department to get diplomats, their families and other Americans out of Wuhan, the city that is the center of the fast-growing outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before they headed to California, the 201 passengers onboard had already undergone four health screenings: two in Wuhan before their flight took off, and two after they arrived in Anchorage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The passengers were “approved to continue on to California by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,” the Alaska Department of Health and Social Services \u003ca href=\"https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/AKDHSS/bulletins/278b89c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said in a news release\u003c/a> Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the passengers will be screened once again and “temporarily housed for a period of time,” the Alaska health department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798713\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1075px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798713\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1075\" height=\"605\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e.jpg 1075w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e-1020x574.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1075px) 100vw, 1075px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hermione Dickey, 8, and her mother, Priscilla, are among the passengers on a U.S. evacuation flight out of Wuhan, China. She’s seen here during the car ride to Wuhan Tianhe International Airport. \u003ccite>(Priscilla Dickey via AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The passengers will remain at the March air base for additional screening. While there, they will be cared for by the Department of Health and Human Services. In a statement about their arrival, Department of Defense press secretary Alyssa Farah said, “DoD personnel will not be directly in contact with the evacuees and evacuees will not have access to any base location other than their assigned housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The evacuees will be closely monitored for any sign of the coronavirus. If anyone falls ill, they will be taken to a local civilian hospital, Farah added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alaska is proud to do its part in helping our fellow Americans come home safely,” Gov. Mike Dunleavy said, applauding the rigorous screenings the passengers underwent. “For our fellow Americans on the airplane, we wish them godspeed as they head to California and ultimately to their homes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since it was first identified in Wuhan last month, the novel coronavirus, or 2019-nCoV, has killed 132 people, all of them in mainland China. There are currently more than 6,000 confirmed cases, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tracking map\u003c/a> created by the Johns Hopkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of the cases also are in China, primarily in Hubei province, where Wuhan has been placed under a virtual lockdown in an attempt to prevent the spread of the virus. But cases of coronavirus have emerged in more than a dozen other countries, including the U.S. and Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several international airlines have suspended or reduced flights to China, from British Airways to carriers in South Korea and Indonesia. Kazakhstan has halted all mass transportation — flights, train and buses — to neighboring China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar to the U.S. evacuation flight, a Japanese flight from Wuhan landed safely in Tokyo on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course, decisions on evacuating citizens is up to the countries,” WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said Wednesday. “But one thing WHO advises is that they have to prepare themselves if there is importation of cases. So they need to really have a thorough understanding, comprehensive, on their actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC says that while it considers the immediate risk posed by the coronavirus as “low,” travelers should avoid any nonessential travel to China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outbreak is growing and there is limited access to adequate medical care in affected areas,” the CDC said earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">also recommends\u003c/a> that people take simple steps to reduce the chances of spreading any respiratory illness, such as washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds and avoiding close contact with anyone who is sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798733\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 804px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798733\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-29-at-11.10.00-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"804\" height=\"753\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-29-at-11.10.00-AM.png 804w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-29-at-11.10.00-AM-160x150.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-29-at-11.10.00-AM-800x749.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: The Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health of Hong Kong, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention \u003ccite>(Map by Daniel Wood/NPR. Research by Susie Cummings and Ayda Pourasad/NPR.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Merrit Kennedy contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus%3A+Americans+Cheer+As+Evacuation+Flight+From+Wuhan+Reaches+U.S.&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>More than 200 Americans who were evacuated from Wuhan, China, because of the deadly new strain of coronavirus cheered as their plane landed in Alaska late Tuesday. It was a moment of relief and joy, even as health workers rushed to ensure that passengers don’t have the respiratory virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole plane erupted in cheers when the crew said, ‘Welcome home to the United States,’ ” said Anne Zink, Alaska’s chief medical officer. She described the scene as “a moving and uplifting experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chartered airliner — a Kalitta Air Boeing 747 — then took off for the March Air Reserve Base in Riverside County, about 65 miles east of Los Angeles. It landed shortly after 8 a.m. local time, according to the flight tracking site \u003ca href=\"https://www.flightradar24.com/CKS371/23afe247\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Flightradar24\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flight was organized by the U.S. State Department to get diplomats, their families and other Americans out of Wuhan, the city that is the center of the fast-growing outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before they headed to California, the 201 passengers onboard had already undergone four health screenings: two in Wuhan before their flight took off, and two after they arrived in Anchorage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The passengers were “approved to continue on to California by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,” the Alaska Department of Health and Social Services \u003ca href=\"https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/AKDHSS/bulletins/278b89c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said in a news release\u003c/a> Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the passengers will be screened once again and “temporarily housed for a period of time,” the Alaska health department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798713\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1075px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798713\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1075\" height=\"605\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e.jpg 1075w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/wuhan-passenger-cheer-american_wide-9239a69c98167c28a9fcbadff92706a16409232e-1020x574.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1075px) 100vw, 1075px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hermione Dickey, 8, and her mother, Priscilla, are among the passengers on a U.S. evacuation flight out of Wuhan, China. She’s seen here during the car ride to Wuhan Tianhe International Airport. \u003ccite>(Priscilla Dickey via AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The passengers will remain at the March air base for additional screening. While there, they will be cared for by the Department of Health and Human Services. In a statement about their arrival, Department of Defense press secretary Alyssa Farah said, “DoD personnel will not be directly in contact with the evacuees and evacuees will not have access to any base location other than their assigned housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The evacuees will be closely monitored for any sign of the coronavirus. If anyone falls ill, they will be taken to a local civilian hospital, Farah added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alaska is proud to do its part in helping our fellow Americans come home safely,” Gov. Mike Dunleavy said, applauding the rigorous screenings the passengers underwent. “For our fellow Americans on the airplane, we wish them godspeed as they head to California and ultimately to their homes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since it was first identified in Wuhan last month, the novel coronavirus, or 2019-nCoV, has killed 132 people, all of them in mainland China. There are currently more than 6,000 confirmed cases, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tracking map\u003c/a> created by the Johns Hopkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of the cases also are in China, primarily in Hubei province, where Wuhan has been placed under a virtual lockdown in an attempt to prevent the spread of the virus. But cases of coronavirus have emerged in more than a dozen other countries, including the U.S. and Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several international airlines have suspended or reduced flights to China, from British Airways to carriers in South Korea and Indonesia. Kazakhstan has halted all mass transportation — flights, train and buses — to neighboring China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar to the U.S. evacuation flight, a Japanese flight from Wuhan landed safely in Tokyo on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course, decisions on evacuating citizens is up to the countries,” WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said Wednesday. “But one thing WHO advises is that they have to prepare themselves if there is importation of cases. So they need to really have a thorough understanding, comprehensive, on their actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC says that while it considers the immediate risk posed by the coronavirus as “low,” travelers should avoid any nonessential travel to China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outbreak is growing and there is limited access to adequate medical care in affected areas,” the CDC said earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">also recommends\u003c/a> that people take simple steps to reduce the chances of spreading any respiratory illness, such as washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds and avoiding close contact with anyone who is sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798733\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 804px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798733\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-29-at-11.10.00-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"804\" height=\"753\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-29-at-11.10.00-AM.png 804w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-29-at-11.10.00-AM-160x150.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-29-at-11.10.00-AM-800x749.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: The Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health of Hong Kong, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention \u003ccite>(Map by Daniel Wood/NPR. Research by Susie Cummings and Ayda Pourasad/NPR.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Merrit Kennedy contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus%3A+Americans+Cheer+As+Evacuation+Flight+From+Wuhan+Reaches+U.S.&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Cities' Lawsuits Seeking Damages for Climate Change Reach Critical Juncture",
"headTitle": "Cities’ Lawsuits Seeking Damages for Climate Change Reach Critical Juncture | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/Neq_CwpkPvsGmMG7hVOy7A?domain=insideclimatenews.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/pD-rCxklQwf1V61yTviMEq?domain=insideclimatenews.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">With a dozen state and local governments in court seeking damages related to climate change from fossil fuel companies, the U.S. Supreme Court may be the final stop for an industry seeking protection from billion dollar verdicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">At some point, one of the lawsuits is likely to drop into the lap of the high court and its newly cemented conservative block of justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rhode Island, Baltimore, \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/27062018/coastal-cities-lawsuit-fossil-fuel-oil-climate-change-sea-level-rise-damage-imperial-beach-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tiny Imperial Beach, California \u003c/a>and the other localities for the most part want the cases tried in state court and out of federal jurisdiction, arguing that climate-induced extreme weather linked to oil and gas consumption has led to billions in property damage and huge remediation costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">ExxonMobil, Chevron, Phillips 66 and the other oil and gas giants, on the other hand, have gone to federal court over the issue of jurisdiction, arguing that the Clean Air Act and other federal laws preempt any claim under state law that carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels cause climate change and related property damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On both sides, the stakes couldn’t be higher. The localities and a 13th plaintiff—the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations—want to make the fossil fuel industry responsible for the cost of sea level rise, more intense wildfires, hurricanes and flooding that climate scientists attribute to a warming planet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The energy companies want the opposite—protection from those costs in the form of court rulings that could go all the way to the Supreme Court, holding that global issues like climate change have no business being litigated in either state or federal court. If the high court concurs, it could set environmental, social, political and economic precedents for generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 13 climate cases are all now pending federal appeals court rulings that address the jurisdiction question, not the substantive issues linking the fossil fuel companies to climate change. Two cases addressing the question of whether they should be heard in state or federal courts have been argued before federal appellate courts, with rulings expected before summer. Hearings have been scheduled over the next few months for most of the other cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal experts believe the first significant test in the high court could come after one of the federal appeals courts renders an opinion on the jurisdiction issue. The energy companies are counting on a high court ruling that blocks the lawsuits on jurisdictional grounds. That way, the core climate change issues raised by the municipalities will never even be considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They will argue the cases should all be summarily thrown out,” said Pat Parenteau, a professor of environmental law at the Vermont Law School. “They’re counting on the conservative justices being willing to slam the door on climate cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cities, states, counties and fishermen’s associations that are plaintiffs in the suits are trying to build the case that fossil fuel companies knew of the dangers created by their products and failed to warn the public, thereby imposing huge costs on communities that have to deal with the impacts of sea level rise and other consequences of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This focus on the conduct of the fossil fuel producers differs from earlier climate cases in which plaintiffs focused on emissions, and blamed the utility and fossil fuel industries for producing the greenhouse gases warming the planet. The Supreme Court ruled in response to those suits that emissions were governed under the Clean Air Act, and as such, were not matters for the courts to consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the high court has also said that there may be a basis under state common law for some of the more recent cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s over the issue of jurisdiction that the industry will wage its most fierce fight, said Katherine Trisolini, a Loyola Law School professor specializing in climate change and energy law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court is much more likely to consider this procedural question, she said, than to weigh in on matters of substance related to the claims made in the various lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The jurisdiction question is a bit more clear for review,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.lls.edu/faculty/facultylists-z/trisolinikatherine/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Trisolini\u003c/a> said. “That’s where the door is most widely open for a Supreme Court review.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost as soon as the lawsuits were filed, the fossil fuel companies began the fight to have the cases heard in federal court where the companies believe—on the basis of the earlier rulings on emissions—that they have the advantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies are arguing that, while the local governments might have fashioned their complaints under state law, they actually involved issues best decided by a federal court, where precedent favors the companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But so far, the industry’s efforts to get the climate suits out of the state courts have been largely unsuccessful, setting the stage for the federal appeals. In all but two of the 13 cases, federal district court judges have agreed that the lawsuits should be heard in state courts guided by various state laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/26062018/california-cities-climate-change-lawsuits-dismissed-fossil-fuels-industry-rising-sea-levels\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A federal judge in San Francisco has been the exception, rejecting lawsuits\u003c/a> filed by San Francisco and Oakland on the grounds that state courts were not the proper place to deal with global issues like climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem deserves a solution on a more vast scale than can be supplied by a district judge or jury in a public nuisance case,” U.S. District Court Judge William Alsup wrote in\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4559977-Case-Dismissed-6-25-2018.htmlhttps:/www.documentcloud.org/documents/4559977-Case-Dismissed-6-25-2018.htmlhttps:/www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/06/26/climate/document-Judge-Dismisses-Climate-Suit-Against-Oil-Companies.html\"> his opinion.\u003c/a>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, six other California lawsuits, filed by the cities of Imperial Beach, Santa Cruz and Richmond; and the counties of San Mateo, Marin and Santa Cruz, remain in state court after \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4414439-Judge-Chhabria-Rules-IB-Case-to-Stay-in-State.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. District Court Jusge Vincent Chhabria ruled \u003c/a>that was the proper jurisdiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, U.S. District Judge Ellen L. Hollander in Maryland, ruling on Baltimore’s climate suit, wrote that the industry’s desire for federal jurisdiction was nothing more than a “hijacking” of state authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To allow the case to move forward in federal court “enhances federal judicial power at the expense of plaintiffs and state courts,” Hollander\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6567331-Baltimore-Judge-Rebuffs-Industry.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> wrote. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to explain that the public nuisance claims alleged by the city could only be decided in a state court. The city, she noted, “nowhere even alleges that the defendants violated any federal statutes or regulations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry didn’t like that slap down, and sent its lawyers to the Supreme Court for help, as it did after two other similarly adverse rulings. They argued before the high court that state cases should not be allowed to move forward until the federal appellate courts resolve the jurisdictional questions about where climate nuisance claims belong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6567332-Fossil-Fuel-Companies-to-SCOTUS-in-Baltimore-Case.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Industry lawyers told the high court\u003c/a>, “It’s difficult to imagine claims that more clearly implicate substantial questions of federal law and require uniform disposition than the claims at issue here.” The lawsuits,” they added, “seek to transform the nation’s energy, environmental, national security and foreign policies by punishing energy companies for lawfully supplying necessary oil and gas resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court didn’t bite, however. It declined to take up the issue, though the refusal cannot be interpreted as a tip of the court’s hand one way or the other as to whether the justices will eventually invite an appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they do, the conservative majority on the high court may seize on the larger question of separation of powers, reasoning that the judiciary should not be part of a resolution to such momentous matters, said\u003ca href=\"https://www.vermontlaw.edu/directory/person/parenteau-pat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Parenteau\u003c/a>, of the Vermont Law School, who has consulted on several of the climate cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In taking up any review, the justices may say, “Courts simply have no business adjudicating disputes over a global problem like climate change,” he said. “The oil industry is providing a vital service to the nation and the world. There is no obvious alternative. What to do about all this is a matter for Congress and the Executive Branch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: “In other words—the industry’s playbook.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Significantly, the high court’s refusal to halt state-level proceedings, as the industry had asked, means the cases will go forward pending an appellate court ruling on the jurisdictional issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That opens the door for the localities to obtain potentially explosive material in the discovery process related to the industry’s knowledge of the links between fossil-fuel combustion and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the industry does not prevail in the pending federal appeals, the Supreme Court may be reluctant to weigh in, said Ann Carlson, an environmental law expert at UCLA School of Law, who has consulted for some of the plaintiffs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not clear these issues raised under state common law claims are the kinds of issues the Supreme Court may want to insert itself into,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.ioes.ucla.edu/person/ann-carlson/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carlson\u003c/a> said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court simply may feel that it’s best left to the state courts to hash out the issues based on prevailing state laws, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Supreme Court may look at this and say these claims do not raise federal, constitutional questions,” Carlson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, she said, the cases will be “long fought,” with the Supreme Court being asked to weigh in at times—and perhaps serving as the final arbiter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a roll of the dice each time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Big oil and gas companies maneuver to steer the lawsuits into federal court, setting the stage for a possible showdown in the U.S. Supreme Court.",
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"description": "Big oil and gas companies maneuver to steer the lawsuits into federal court, setting the stage for a possible showdown in the U.S. Supreme Court.",
"title": "Cities' Lawsuits Seeking Damages for Climate Change Reach Critical Juncture | KQED",
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"headline": "Cities' Lawsuits Seeking Damages for Climate Change Reach Critical Juncture",
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"slug": "cities-lawsuits-seeking-damages-for-climate-change-reach-critical-juncture",
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"nprByline": "David Hasemyer \u003cbr />InsideClimate News\u003cbr>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/Neq_CwpkPvsGmMG7hVOy7A?domain=insideclimatenews.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/pD-rCxklQwf1V61yTviMEq?domain=insideclimatenews.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">With a dozen state and local governments in court seeking damages related to climate change from fossil fuel companies, the U.S. Supreme Court may be the final stop for an industry seeking protection from billion dollar verdicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">At some point, one of the lawsuits is likely to drop into the lap of the high court and its newly cemented conservative block of justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rhode Island, Baltimore, \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/27062018/coastal-cities-lawsuit-fossil-fuel-oil-climate-change-sea-level-rise-damage-imperial-beach-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tiny Imperial Beach, California \u003c/a>and the other localities for the most part want the cases tried in state court and out of federal jurisdiction, arguing that climate-induced extreme weather linked to oil and gas consumption has led to billions in property damage and huge remediation costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">ExxonMobil, Chevron, Phillips 66 and the other oil and gas giants, on the other hand, have gone to federal court over the issue of jurisdiction, arguing that the Clean Air Act and other federal laws preempt any claim under state law that carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels cause climate change and related property damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On both sides, the stakes couldn’t be higher. The localities and a 13th plaintiff—the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations—want to make the fossil fuel industry responsible for the cost of sea level rise, more intense wildfires, hurricanes and flooding that climate scientists attribute to a warming planet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The energy companies want the opposite—protection from those costs in the form of court rulings that could go all the way to the Supreme Court, holding that global issues like climate change have no business being litigated in either state or federal court. If the high court concurs, it could set environmental, social, political and economic precedents for generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 13 climate cases are all now pending federal appeals court rulings that address the jurisdiction question, not the substantive issues linking the fossil fuel companies to climate change. Two cases addressing the question of whether they should be heard in state or federal courts have been argued before federal appellate courts, with rulings expected before summer. Hearings have been scheduled over the next few months for most of the other cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal experts believe the first significant test in the high court could come after one of the federal appeals courts renders an opinion on the jurisdiction issue. The energy companies are counting on a high court ruling that blocks the lawsuits on jurisdictional grounds. That way, the core climate change issues raised by the municipalities will never even be considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They will argue the cases should all be summarily thrown out,” said Pat Parenteau, a professor of environmental law at the Vermont Law School. “They’re counting on the conservative justices being willing to slam the door on climate cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cities, states, counties and fishermen’s associations that are plaintiffs in the suits are trying to build the case that fossil fuel companies knew of the dangers created by their products and failed to warn the public, thereby imposing huge costs on communities that have to deal with the impacts of sea level rise and other consequences of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This focus on the conduct of the fossil fuel producers differs from earlier climate cases in which plaintiffs focused on emissions, and blamed the utility and fossil fuel industries for producing the greenhouse gases warming the planet. The Supreme Court ruled in response to those suits that emissions were governed under the Clean Air Act, and as such, were not matters for the courts to consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the high court has also said that there may be a basis under state common law for some of the more recent cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s over the issue of jurisdiction that the industry will wage its most fierce fight, said Katherine Trisolini, a Loyola Law School professor specializing in climate change and energy law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court is much more likely to consider this procedural question, she said, than to weigh in on matters of substance related to the claims made in the various lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The jurisdiction question is a bit more clear for review,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.lls.edu/faculty/facultylists-z/trisolinikatherine/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Trisolini\u003c/a> said. “That’s where the door is most widely open for a Supreme Court review.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost as soon as the lawsuits were filed, the fossil fuel companies began the fight to have the cases heard in federal court where the companies believe—on the basis of the earlier rulings on emissions—that they have the advantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies are arguing that, while the local governments might have fashioned their complaints under state law, they actually involved issues best decided by a federal court, where precedent favors the companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But so far, the industry’s efforts to get the climate suits out of the state courts have been largely unsuccessful, setting the stage for the federal appeals. In all but two of the 13 cases, federal district court judges have agreed that the lawsuits should be heard in state courts guided by various state laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/26062018/california-cities-climate-change-lawsuits-dismissed-fossil-fuels-industry-rising-sea-levels\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A federal judge in San Francisco has been the exception, rejecting lawsuits\u003c/a> filed by San Francisco and Oakland on the grounds that state courts were not the proper place to deal with global issues like climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem deserves a solution on a more vast scale than can be supplied by a district judge or jury in a public nuisance case,” U.S. District Court Judge William Alsup wrote in\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4559977-Case-Dismissed-6-25-2018.htmlhttps:/www.documentcloud.org/documents/4559977-Case-Dismissed-6-25-2018.htmlhttps:/www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/06/26/climate/document-Judge-Dismisses-Climate-Suit-Against-Oil-Companies.html\"> his opinion.\u003c/a>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, six other California lawsuits, filed by the cities of Imperial Beach, Santa Cruz and Richmond; and the counties of San Mateo, Marin and Santa Cruz, remain in state court after \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4414439-Judge-Chhabria-Rules-IB-Case-to-Stay-in-State.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. District Court Jusge Vincent Chhabria ruled \u003c/a>that was the proper jurisdiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, U.S. District Judge Ellen L. Hollander in Maryland, ruling on Baltimore’s climate suit, wrote that the industry’s desire for federal jurisdiction was nothing more than a “hijacking” of state authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To allow the case to move forward in federal court “enhances federal judicial power at the expense of plaintiffs and state courts,” Hollander\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6567331-Baltimore-Judge-Rebuffs-Industry.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> wrote. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to explain that the public nuisance claims alleged by the city could only be decided in a state court. The city, she noted, “nowhere even alleges that the defendants violated any federal statutes or regulations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry didn’t like that slap down, and sent its lawyers to the Supreme Court for help, as it did after two other similarly adverse rulings. They argued before the high court that state cases should not be allowed to move forward until the federal appellate courts resolve the jurisdictional questions about where climate nuisance claims belong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6567332-Fossil-Fuel-Companies-to-SCOTUS-in-Baltimore-Case.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Industry lawyers told the high court\u003c/a>, “It’s difficult to imagine claims that more clearly implicate substantial questions of federal law and require uniform disposition than the claims at issue here.” The lawsuits,” they added, “seek to transform the nation’s energy, environmental, national security and foreign policies by punishing energy companies for lawfully supplying necessary oil and gas resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court didn’t bite, however. It declined to take up the issue, though the refusal cannot be interpreted as a tip of the court’s hand one way or the other as to whether the justices will eventually invite an appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they do, the conservative majority on the high court may seize on the larger question of separation of powers, reasoning that the judiciary should not be part of a resolution to such momentous matters, said\u003ca href=\"https://www.vermontlaw.edu/directory/person/parenteau-pat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Parenteau\u003c/a>, of the Vermont Law School, who has consulted on several of the climate cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In taking up any review, the justices may say, “Courts simply have no business adjudicating disputes over a global problem like climate change,” he said. “The oil industry is providing a vital service to the nation and the world. There is no obvious alternative. What to do about all this is a matter for Congress and the Executive Branch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: “In other words—the industry’s playbook.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Significantly, the high court’s refusal to halt state-level proceedings, as the industry had asked, means the cases will go forward pending an appellate court ruling on the jurisdictional issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That opens the door for the localities to obtain potentially explosive material in the discovery process related to the industry’s knowledge of the links between fossil-fuel combustion and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the industry does not prevail in the pending federal appeals, the Supreme Court may be reluctant to weigh in, said Ann Carlson, an environmental law expert at UCLA School of Law, who has consulted for some of the plaintiffs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not clear these issues raised under state common law claims are the kinds of issues the Supreme Court may want to insert itself into,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.ioes.ucla.edu/person/ann-carlson/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carlson\u003c/a> said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court simply may feel that it’s best left to the state courts to hash out the issues based on prevailing state laws, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Supreme Court may look at this and say these claims do not raise federal, constitutional questions,” Carlson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, she said, the cases will be “long fought,” with the Supreme Court being asked to weigh in at times—and perhaps serving as the final arbiter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a roll of the dice each time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "diplomatic-flight-from-wuhan-no-longer-landing-in-san-francisco",
"title": "Previously Scheduled Diplomatic Flight From Wuhan, China No Longer Landing at SFO",
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"headTitle": "Previously Scheduled Diplomatic Flight From Wuhan, China No Longer Landing at SFO | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>No flights are currently scheduled to arrive in San Francisco from Wuhan, China — the origin of the deadly coronavirus — despite \u003ca href=\"https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/health-alert-update-novel-coronavirus-in-china-6/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previously announced\u003c/a> plans by the U.S. government to transport American citizens and diplomats there to San Francisco International Airport this week, Mayor London Breed said on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know that there have been a number of rumors coming out of a flight coming to San Francisco with diplomats from China,” Breed said at a press conference addressing the city’s preparedness for an outbreak. “And our latest understanding is that there are no incoming flights that we have been made aware of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That flight, of 201 Americans, is now scheduled to go through Anchorage, Alaska, before landing at March Air Reserve Base, about 60 miles east of Los Angeles, on Wednesday (rather than in Ontario, California, where it had previously been scheduled to arrive).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trip will include three health checks at each stage of the flight, according to San Francisco health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This issue is rapidly evolving and changing. It’s important to recognize that there are no confirmed cases in San Francisco at this time,” said Tomás Aragón, the city’s public health officer, at Monday’s briefing. He noted, however, that officials “are actively preparing for the possibility of confirmed cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, all commercial flights between San Francisco and Wuhan will remain canceled this week, although officials from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will still be at the airport in the coming days, according to SFO spokesman Doug Yakel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11798062/southern-california-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">five confirmed cases\u003c/a> of coronavirus in the U.S., including two Southern California cases confirmed on Sunday — in Los Angeles and Orange counties. All five infected people had recently traveled to Wuhan.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How to Protect Yourself\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By Monday evening, the number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/27/world/asia/china-coronavirus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">confirmed cases\u003c/a> of coronavirus had risen to nearly 3,000, including 81 deaths. Some patients in Wuhan were linked to Wuhan South China Seafood City, a market that has been identified as a possible source for the current outbreak, but cases have continued to be identified since the market’s closure on Jan. 1. According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CDC alert\u003c/a>, this indicates that “some person-to-person spread is occurring, though it’s unclear how easily this virus is spreading between people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"related coverage\"]Symptoms of the illness include fever, coughing and difficulty breathing. But health officials clarified on Monday that simply exhibiting those symptoms doesn’t necessarily mean someone is infected with this specific strain of coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We won’t be able to tell just from the symptoms,” Aragón said. “That’s why the history of where that person has been is the most important factor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no vaccine to protect against coronavirus. Other strains of the virus are known to spread through human contact, and the CDC recommends frequently washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, avoiding touching eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands and avoiding close contact with people who are sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aragón noted that residents in the Bay Area are at low-risk of contracting the coronavirus unless they have recently traveled to Wuhan or come into contact with someone who is a confirmed case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not too late to get the flu shot and to help prevent illness and symptoms similar to the novel coronavirus,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC said that although the virus is a serious public health threat, the immediate health risk to the U.S. general public is still considered low, based on current information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Lesley McClurg contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The flight is now scheduled to go through Anchorage and then land in Ontario, California, and will include three health checks during each leg of the trip.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>No flights are currently scheduled to arrive in San Francisco from Wuhan, China — the origin of the deadly coronavirus — despite \u003ca href=\"https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/health-alert-update-novel-coronavirus-in-china-6/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previously announced\u003c/a> plans by the U.S. government to transport American citizens and diplomats there to San Francisco International Airport this week, Mayor London Breed said on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know that there have been a number of rumors coming out of a flight coming to San Francisco with diplomats from China,” Breed said at a press conference addressing the city’s preparedness for an outbreak. “And our latest understanding is that there are no incoming flights that we have been made aware of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That flight, of 201 Americans, is now scheduled to go through Anchorage, Alaska, before landing at March Air Reserve Base, about 60 miles east of Los Angeles, on Wednesday (rather than in Ontario, California, where it had previously been scheduled to arrive).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trip will include three health checks at each stage of the flight, according to San Francisco health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This issue is rapidly evolving and changing. It’s important to recognize that there are no confirmed cases in San Francisco at this time,” said Tomás Aragón, the city’s public health officer, at Monday’s briefing. He noted, however, that officials “are actively preparing for the possibility of confirmed cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, all commercial flights between San Francisco and Wuhan will remain canceled this week, although officials from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will still be at the airport in the coming days, according to SFO spokesman Doug Yakel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11798062/southern-california-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">five confirmed cases\u003c/a> of coronavirus in the U.S., including two Southern California cases confirmed on Sunday — in Los Angeles and Orange counties. All five infected people had recently traveled to Wuhan.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How to Protect Yourself\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By Monday evening, the number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/27/world/asia/china-coronavirus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">confirmed cases\u003c/a> of coronavirus had risen to nearly 3,000, including 81 deaths. Some patients in Wuhan were linked to Wuhan South China Seafood City, a market that has been identified as a possible source for the current outbreak, but cases have continued to be identified since the market’s closure on Jan. 1. According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CDC alert\u003c/a>, this indicates that “some person-to-person spread is occurring, though it’s unclear how easily this virus is spreading between people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Symptoms of the illness include fever, coughing and difficulty breathing. But health officials clarified on Monday that simply exhibiting those symptoms doesn’t necessarily mean someone is infected with this specific strain of coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We won’t be able to tell just from the symptoms,” Aragón said. “That’s why the history of where that person has been is the most important factor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no vaccine to protect against coronavirus. Other strains of the virus are known to spread through human contact, and the CDC recommends frequently washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, avoiding touching eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands and avoiding close contact with people who are sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aragón noted that residents in the Bay Area are at low-risk of contracting the coronavirus unless they have recently traveled to Wuhan or come into contact with someone who is a confirmed case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not too late to get the flu shot and to help prevent illness and symptoms similar to the novel coronavirus,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC said that although the virus is a serious public health threat, the immediate health risk to the U.S. general public is still considered low, based on current information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Lesley McClurg contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Each fall, monarch butterflies from across the western United States flutter their way to the California coast to hole up for the winter. Mild temperatures, abundant nectar and protection offered by coastal forests have historically made California an ideal place for monarchs to survive into spring, and the majority of the population west of the Rocky Mountains make the annual trip to the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]The conservation society that conducts the annual monarch butterfly count recommends Californians plant native milkweed in inland breeding areas, as well as nectar-producing flowers for monarchs to feed on.[/pullquote]As recently as the 1980s, these iconic orange and black butterflies numbered in the millions. This season’s count, however, was much in line with the monarch’s decades-long \u003ca href=\"https://www.westernmonarchcount.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">severe decline\u003c/a>. This year’s estimate, released last week, stands at about 29,000 monarchs, just above last year’s all-time low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This population has declined by over 99 percent,” said Emma Pelton, a conservation biologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/western-monarch-call-to-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation\u003c/a>, which conducts the survey each year around Thanksgiving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelton says the numbers indicate the historic western monarch migratory population is in danger of going extinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, monarchs fly inland to lay their eggs on milkweed plants. The caterpillars that hatch feed on the leaves. Milkweed is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/pollinators/Monarch_Butterfly/habitat/index.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">only thing monarch caterpillars eat\u003c/a> and essential to their survival. The new generation will help populate areas from California to the Rockies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That first generation that’s born in the new year in California is really the generation that’s going to continue the migration.” Pelton said. “They’re going to populate the western United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eastern monarchs make a similar migration to Mexico for the winter months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s the only place in the U.S. where monarchs spend the winter in large numbers and that is worth protecting,” Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reasons for the Decline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Samantha Marcum, a biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, says habitat loss, the use of pesticides, disease and the changing climate have all likely contributed to the decline of western monarchs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956198\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1956198\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monarch butterflies from the across the Western U.S. spend the winter in California. Pictured above, monarchs in Pacific Grove on the Central Coast. \u003ccite>(Carly Voight/Xerces Society)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s no singular reason for the extreme drop in numbers over the last two to three decades.” Marcum said. “There’s several factors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One major reason for the drastically reduced numbers, she says, is the loss of coastal forest groves, where monarchs can safely roost in the winter months, and their shrinking springtime breeding habitat, due to land development, forest management practices and wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Drought, increased storm frequency and intensity, and temperature extremes” have also likely made California a less hospitable place for monarchs, said Marcum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials are considering listing monarch butterflies for protection under the Endangered Species Act. A decision is expected in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcum says protecting and restoring the forest groves where monarchs spend their winter on the California coast will be key to their recovery. The Xerces Society \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/western-monarch-call-to-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recommends\u003c/a> Californians plant native milkweed in inland breeding areas, as well as nectar-producing flowers for monarchs to feed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelton says citizen science efforts like monarch counts help researchers monitor butterfly populations and target conservation efforts. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.monarchmilkweedmapper.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Western Monarch Milkweed Mapper\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iNaturalist App\u003c/a> are two ways people can record their own monarch sightings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if you’re not someone that necessarily thinks of yourself as someone who likes bugs, you probably know what a monarch looks like,” Pelton said. “The fact that they move and travel all over the United States and Canada and Mexico is just a really incredible story of a single species connecting us across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Each fall, monarch butterflies from across the western United States flutter their way to the California coast to hole up for the winter. Mild temperatures, abundant nectar and protection offered by coastal forests have historically made California an ideal place for monarchs to survive into spring, and the majority of the population west of the Rocky Mountains make the annual trip to the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As recently as the 1980s, these iconic orange and black butterflies numbered in the millions. This season’s count, however, was much in line with the monarch’s decades-long \u003ca href=\"https://www.westernmonarchcount.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">severe decline\u003c/a>. This year’s estimate, released last week, stands at about 29,000 monarchs, just above last year’s all-time low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This population has declined by over 99 percent,” said Emma Pelton, a conservation biologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/western-monarch-call-to-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation\u003c/a>, which conducts the survey each year around Thanksgiving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelton says the numbers indicate the historic western monarch migratory population is in danger of going extinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, monarchs fly inland to lay their eggs on milkweed plants. The caterpillars that hatch feed on the leaves. Milkweed is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/pollinators/Monarch_Butterfly/habitat/index.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">only thing monarch caterpillars eat\u003c/a> and essential to their survival. The new generation will help populate areas from California to the Rockies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That first generation that’s born in the new year in California is really the generation that’s going to continue the migration.” Pelton said. “They’re going to populate the western United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eastern monarchs make a similar migration to Mexico for the winter months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s the only place in the U.S. where monarchs spend the winter in large numbers and that is worth protecting,” Pelton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reasons for the Decline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Samantha Marcum, a biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, says habitat loss, the use of pesticides, disease and the changing climate have all likely contributed to the decline of western monarchs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956198\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1956198\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Monarch-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monarch butterflies from the across the Western U.S. spend the winter in California. Pictured above, monarchs in Pacific Grove on the Central Coast. \u003ccite>(Carly Voight/Xerces Society)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s no singular reason for the extreme drop in numbers over the last two to three decades.” Marcum said. “There’s several factors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One major reason for the drastically reduced numbers, she says, is the loss of coastal forest groves, where monarchs can safely roost in the winter months, and their shrinking springtime breeding habitat, due to land development, forest management practices and wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Drought, increased storm frequency and intensity, and temperature extremes” have also likely made California a less hospitable place for monarchs, said Marcum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials are considering listing monarch butterflies for protection under the Endangered Species Act. A decision is expected in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcum says protecting and restoring the forest groves where monarchs spend their winter on the California coast will be key to their recovery. The Xerces Society \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/western-monarch-call-to-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recommends\u003c/a> Californians plant native milkweed in inland breeding areas, as well as nectar-producing flowers for monarchs to feed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelton says citizen science efforts like monarch counts help researchers monitor butterfly populations and target conservation efforts. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.monarchmilkweedmapper.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Western Monarch Milkweed Mapper\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.inaturalist.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iNaturalist App\u003c/a> are two ways people can record their own monarch sightings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if you’re not someone that necessarily thinks of yourself as someone who likes bugs, you probably know what a monarch looks like,” Pelton said. “The fact that they move and travel all over the United States and Canada and Mexico is just a really incredible story of a single species connecting us across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "With Some Oil Drilling on Hold, Lawmaker Wants State to Do More to Prevent Releases",
"title": "With Some Oil Drilling on Hold, Lawmaker Wants State to Do More to Prevent Releases",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>State regulators have placed dozens of new oil drilling permits on hold over the last two months after announcing a moratorium on applications for an extraction method tied to a series of large, uncontrolled crude petroleum releases last year in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Gov. Gavin Newsom's administration announced a pause on new permits for the technique that injects high pressure steam far underground to release oil trapped in rock formations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Henry Stern, D-Ventura, chairman of the Senate Natural Resources and Water Committee\"]'We need to do better. We're going to have to take a look at all the permits we've got out there for the entire oil sector.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11787352/state-puts-hold-on-some-oil-well-permits-after-chevrons-kern-county-crisis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">stopped issuing new permits\u003c/a> for the technique and planned to have experts from Lawrence Livermore and Sandia national laboratories study conditions in the Cymric field west of Bakersfield, where massive amounts of oil and water have flowed to the surface since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The moratorium has led state officials to place on hold 58 permit applications for high-pressure cyclic steam wells, according to Don Drysdale, a spokesman for the Department of Conservation, which oversees the division now known as he California Geologic Energy Management Division, or CalGEM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Southern California lawmaker who has launched an inquiry into the steam injection wells said CalGEM's new rules don't go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think it's going to be enough to actually ensure there's public safety and environmental protection going forward,\" said Henry Stern, D-Ventura, chairman of the Senate Natural Resources and Water Committee, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to do better,\" Stern said. \"We're going to have to take a look at all the permits we've got out there for the entire oil sector.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Stern's panel will join with its Assembly counterpart to hold a \u003ca href=\"https://sntr.senate.ca.gov/agenda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">joint oversight hearing\u003c/a> that will focus on the Kern County \u003ca href=\"https://www.conservation.ca.gov/calgem/Pages/Chevron-Cymric-oil-spill.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">crude petroleum releases\u003c/a> and consider the safety and sustainability of oil extraction practices throughout California's oil fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those scheduled to appear at the hearing are Wade Crowfoot, California's Secretary of Natural Resources, who has called the spills \"a crisis of oil leaks\"; representatives from Chevron and the Western States Petroleum Association; and a Kern County-based environmental group, the Center on Race, Poverty and the Environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to take a much harder look at traditional methods of oil drilling in this state, which is steam, and make sure that we're not putting people, water (and) resources at risk,\" Stern said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the state came out with new oil extraction rules last November, it announced that it would refer dozens of pending oil company applications for hydraulic fracturing and other well stimulation methods to the Lawrence Livermore lab for independent scientific review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry and state Senate Republican Leader Shannon Grove, who represents Bakersfield, have said the new rules would hurt jobs in Kern County, long the center of California oil production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half of the applications that are being delayed are associated with proposed work by Aera Energy, which is jointly owned by affiliates of Shell and ExxonMobil, for drilling it planned to do in the Belridge oil field, about 45 miles northwest of Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aera announced in late December that the state's new rules could mean about 90 jobs from about half-a-dozen of its contractors would be cut. The company said then that it planned to idle one rig this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The adjustment in business strategy is the result of regulatory disruptions in the permitting approval process,\" said Aera representative Cindy Pollard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other permits that were placed on hold were for applications filed by Sentinel Peak Resources for cyclic steam work it had planned in the Cymric and McKittrick oil fields, according to CalGEM spokesman Drysdale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11787352,news_11780057,news_11770259\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said CalGEM has 277 pending permit applications for well stimulation treatments. Of those, 39 were forwarded to national labs for review under the state's new rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crude oil that comes to the surface during steam injection — flows that the industry and regulators call \"surface expressions\" — became illegal last April under new state regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little more than a month later, Chevron \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760192/chevron-well-has-leaked-a-quarter-million-gallons-of-oil-in-central-valley-since-may\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">experienced the first in a series\u003c/a> of new, uncontrolled releases near steam injection wells in the Cymric field — a development first reported by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators issued a notice of violation and levied \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11777971/top-state-lawmakers-question-chevron-oil-spill-fine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a $2.7 million\u003c/a> fine against the company for the largest of those releases, known as 1Y for its location in the Cymric field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, there is one active surface expression associated with Chevron's infrastructure in the Cymric field, according to the company and state officials. That active release, known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11769850/state-launches-probe-into-oil-field-spills-including-one-that-started-in-2003\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GS-5\u003c/a>, has led to the release of tens of millions of gallons of oil since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have incorporated the lessons learned from the Cymric 1Y event into a field-wide approach to stop and prevent seeps, consistent with the new regulations,\" said Veronica Flores-Paniagua, a Chevron spokeswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>State regulators have placed dozens of new oil drilling permits on hold over the last two months after announcing a moratorium on applications for an extraction method tied to a series of large, uncontrolled crude petroleum releases last year in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Gov. Gavin Newsom's administration announced a pause on new permits for the technique that injects high pressure steam far underground to release oil trapped in rock formations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11787352/state-puts-hold-on-some-oil-well-permits-after-chevrons-kern-county-crisis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">stopped issuing new permits\u003c/a> for the technique and planned to have experts from Lawrence Livermore and Sandia national laboratories study conditions in the Cymric field west of Bakersfield, where massive amounts of oil and water have flowed to the surface since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The moratorium has led state officials to place on hold 58 permit applications for high-pressure cyclic steam wells, according to Don Drysdale, a spokesman for the Department of Conservation, which oversees the division now known as he California Geologic Energy Management Division, or CalGEM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Southern California lawmaker who has launched an inquiry into the steam injection wells said CalGEM's new rules don't go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think it's going to be enough to actually ensure there's public safety and environmental protection going forward,\" said Henry Stern, D-Ventura, chairman of the Senate Natural Resources and Water Committee, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to do better,\" Stern said. \"We're going to have to take a look at all the permits we've got out there for the entire oil sector.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Stern's panel will join with its Assembly counterpart to hold a \u003ca href=\"https://sntr.senate.ca.gov/agenda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">joint oversight hearing\u003c/a> that will focus on the Kern County \u003ca href=\"https://www.conservation.ca.gov/calgem/Pages/Chevron-Cymric-oil-spill.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">crude petroleum releases\u003c/a> and consider the safety and sustainability of oil extraction practices throughout California's oil fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those scheduled to appear at the hearing are Wade Crowfoot, California's Secretary of Natural Resources, who has called the spills \"a crisis of oil leaks\"; representatives from Chevron and the Western States Petroleum Association; and a Kern County-based environmental group, the Center on Race, Poverty and the Environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to take a much harder look at traditional methods of oil drilling in this state, which is steam, and make sure that we're not putting people, water (and) resources at risk,\" Stern said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the state came out with new oil extraction rules last November, it announced that it would refer dozens of pending oil company applications for hydraulic fracturing and other well stimulation methods to the Lawrence Livermore lab for independent scientific review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry and state Senate Republican Leader Shannon Grove, who represents Bakersfield, have said the new rules would hurt jobs in Kern County, long the center of California oil production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half of the applications that are being delayed are associated with proposed work by Aera Energy, which is jointly owned by affiliates of Shell and ExxonMobil, for drilling it planned to do in the Belridge oil field, about 45 miles northwest of Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aera announced in late December that the state's new rules could mean about 90 jobs from about half-a-dozen of its contractors would be cut. The company said then that it planned to idle one rig this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The adjustment in business strategy is the result of regulatory disruptions in the permitting approval process,\" said Aera representative Cindy Pollard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other permits that were placed on hold were for applications filed by Sentinel Peak Resources for cyclic steam work it had planned in the Cymric and McKittrick oil fields, according to CalGEM spokesman Drysdale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said CalGEM has 277 pending permit applications for well stimulation treatments. Of those, 39 were forwarded to national labs for review under the state's new rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crude oil that comes to the surface during steam injection — flows that the industry and regulators call \"surface expressions\" — became illegal last April under new state regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little more than a month later, Chevron \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760192/chevron-well-has-leaked-a-quarter-million-gallons-of-oil-in-central-valley-since-may\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">experienced the first in a series\u003c/a> of new, uncontrolled releases near steam injection wells in the Cymric field — a development first reported by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators issued a notice of violation and levied \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11777971/top-state-lawmakers-question-chevron-oil-spill-fine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a $2.7 million\u003c/a> fine against the company for the largest of those releases, known as 1Y for its location in the Cymric field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, there is one active surface expression associated with Chevron's infrastructure in the Cymric field, according to the company and state officials. That active release, known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11769850/state-launches-probe-into-oil-field-spills-including-one-that-started-in-2003\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GS-5\u003c/a>, has led to the release of tens of millions of gallons of oil since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have incorporated the lessons learned from the Cymric 1Y event into a field-wide approach to stop and prevent seeps, consistent with the new regulations,\" said Veronica Flores-Paniagua, a Chevron spokeswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "business-is-booming-but-public-anger-toward-plastics-grows-with-environmental-harms",
"title": "Business is Booming, But Public Anger Toward Plastics Grows With Environmental Harms",
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"headTitle": "Business is Booming, But Public Anger Toward Plastics Grows With Environmental Harms | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/Neq_CwpkPvsGmMG7hVOy7A?domain=insideclimatenews.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/pD-rCxklQwf1V61yTviMEq?domain=insideclimatenews.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Frustrated with the sight of plastic bags and styrofoam containers piling up in its harbor, the city of Charleston, South Carolina, rang in the new year with a promise to start enforcing a ban on single-use plastic containers and utensils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s one of hundreds of similar bans that have been launched across the U.S. and \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_19_2631\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Europe\u003c/a>, amid a growing backlash to an industry that is expanding despite increasing evidence of the harm its products can do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In just the past year, researchers have shown that tiny particles of plastic are pervasive in the environment, even high in the mountains and inside human bodies. Dead whales have washed up with dozens of pounds of plastic waste in their stomachs. And a new awareness of the role the plastics industry plays in climate change is emerging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If it’s in our marshes, it’s in our oysters, it’s in our fish and it’s in our dolphins,” said Caroline Bradner, the Land, Water & Wildlife Project Manager for the South Carolina Coastal Conservation League. “And if there is plastic in them, there is plastic in us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The scientific studies and images of plastic waste have been shifting how the public sees plastics, and that has gotten the industry’s attention at the highest levels. The industry has been simultaneously fighting to prevent local plastics bans and trying to promote itself as a solution, while its production keeps growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia, one giant plastics plant is under construction, and a second awaits a decision on financing in an Appalachian region that federal officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/12/f58/Nov%202018%20DOE%20Ethane%20Hub%20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have said\u003c/a> could support even more manufacturing—an effort that the Trump administration may assist with loan guarantees this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the Gulf Coast, seven large petrochemical facilities have been approved since 2015. Environmentalists are fighting them, with the latest lawsuit filed last week over the federal permits for what would be one of the world’s largest plastics plants, planned near a wetlands area along the Mississippi River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">There is “an incredible disconnect” between public concerns about what plastics pollution is doing to the environment and all of the industry funding and tax dollars being invested in new plastics manufacturing, said Judith Enck, a former official with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency who in 2019 founded the Beyond Plastics campaign, a nonpartisan initiative that seeks to end plastic pollution. \u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1956118 alignright\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Plastics-Demand-Chart-529px.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"529\" height=\"764\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Plastics-Demand-Chart-529px.png 529w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Plastics-Demand-Chart-529px-160x231.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industry officials contend that they are just trying to meet consumer demand, and they say they are looking for ways to improve recycling and reduce waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We fundamentally think plastics don’t belong in the environment,” said Keith Christman, managing director of plastics markets for the American Chemistry Council, a chemical industry lobby group with members in the alliance. But, he added, plastics are essential. “You may be able to do without a plastic bag, but most products there really isn’t a substitute for or an ability to go without it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘A Climate Crisis Hiding in Plain Sight’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">From scientific research papers to reports by environmental groups, 2019 delivered a relentless stream of evidence about environmental and health concerns related to plastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I must say it’s been pretty uncomfortable … as we have watched images of plastic strewn over beaches and pictures of sea animals with ingested plastic,” Patty Long, the interim chief executive officer of the Plastics Industry Association, lamented at the Global Plastics Summit last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We see it over and over and over again,” she \u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/06072019/plastic-waste-ocean-global-summit-industry-solutions-recycling-climate-change\">told\u003c/a>\u003c/b> the industry gathering, co-hosted by the Plastics Industry Association and IHS Markit, which closely tracks the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">For example:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003cli>Plastic particles were found in the stomachs of the deepest known marine animals, nearly seven miles below the surface of the sea.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The wind\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-47947235\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> deposited\u003c/a> as much microplastic per square meter in a secluded area high in the Pyrenees Mountains, along the French and Spanish border, as researchers would expect in the city of Paris.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The average American now ingests more than 70,000 particles of microplastics per year, according to a\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.9b01517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> study\u003c/a> in the American Chemical Society journal Environmental Science & Technology.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The carcass of a dead sperm whale\u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/04/dead-pregnant-whale-plastic-italy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> washed ashore\u003c/a> in Italy with 49 pounds of plastic in its stomach; and a beached young Cuvier’s beaked whale died in the Philippines, with a necropsy\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/18/704471596/stomach-of-dead-whale-contained-nothing-but-plastic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> revealing\u003c/a> 88 pounds of plastic including plastic bags from grocery stores.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Center for International Environmental Law also\u003ca href=\"https://www.ciel.org/reports/plastic-health-the-hidden-costs-of-a-plastic-planet-may-2019/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> published\u003c/a> a report in May that found greenhouse gas emissions from the plastics lifecycle—from natural gas extraction to plastics production and disposal—could reach 850 million metric tons in 2019, about the same as 189 new 500-megawatt coal-fired power plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The total is projected to rise to 1.34 billion metric tons per year by 2030, equivalent to the emissions from nearly 300 coal plants of that size.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The group, working with the Environmental Integrity Project, FracTracker Alliance and others, concluded that the plastics’ and petrochemical industries’ plans could make it impossible to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming, the most challenging benchmark established under the 2015 Paris climate agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Plastics have been a climate crisis hiding in plain sight,” said Carroll Muffett, president and chief executive officer of the law center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Christman, with the chemical industry lobby group, argued that the law center should have compared the carbon emissions from plastics when they are used as substitutes to materials like glass or steel. Greenhouse gas emissions are spared when cars are made lighter and more fuel-efficient with plastic parts, he said, and when plastic wrapping preserves food to avoid spoilage and disposal in methane-producing landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“With all of these issues, yes, we have to avoid regrettable substitution,” Muffett responded. But the “simple argument that all the possible substitutes are going to be worse than plastics” is wrong, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plastics Could Grow 3.5 to 4 Percent Annually Through 2035\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">For years, the public relied on recycling to justify its plastics use, but now that, too, is in crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2018, China’s decided to stop accepting most plastic materials for recycling, and last May, 187 countries added plastics to an international treaty that controls the movement of hazardous waste around the globe, requiring exporters to obtain government permission before shipping lower quality plastic wastes to their countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s not all that’s preventing effective recycling. The economics of recycling “are still upside down,” largely because of a glut of the fossil fuels used to make plastic, said Nina Bellucci Butler, the chief executive officer of More Recycling, a research and consulting company that works with the plastics industry on recycling,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We are just awash in natural gas and oil,” she said. “The only thing we can do is make an incredible amount of plastics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The plastics industry has tried to show that it is responding to waste concerns. It \u003ca href=\"https://endplasticwaste.org/latest/the-alliance-launches-today/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced\u003c/a> a $1.5 billion Alliance to End Plastic Waste with the goal of improving plastic waste management in Asia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">But it is also moving ahead with new plastics manufacturing plants, as the oil and gas industry eyes plastics as a growing part of its future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The data firm IHS Markit has forecast that plastics production will grow on average 3.5 to 4 percent per year through at least 2035.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In western Pennsylvania outside Pittsburgh, hundreds of workers \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25022019/plastics-hub-appalachian-fracking-ethane-cracker-climate-change-health-ohio-river\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">are building\u003c/a> a massive Shell Polymers plant to turn ethane—a product of a decade-old natural gas fracking boom there—into the basic building blocks of plastic products. Analysts have \u003ca href=\"https://ihsmarkit.com/research-analysis/petrochemical-cluster-a-bright-future-for-the-tristate-region.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> the region could support as many as five of these plants, which “crack” ethane molecules to make ethylene and polyethylene resin pellets. \u003ca href=\"http://pttgcbelmontcountyoh.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">One \u003c/a>has already obtained environmental permits in Belmont County, Ohio, and is awaiting a financing decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2020, the Trump administration could decide whether to provide $1.9 billion in loan guarantees for the development of \u003ca href=\"https://aongrc.wvu.edu/reports\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">underground storage\u003c/a> for ethane it\u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/articles/secretary-perry-announces-appalachian-ethane-storage-hub-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> says\u003c/a> would help establish a whole new plastics manufacturing hub in Appalachia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/sites/default/files/organizational_sign_on_letter_opposing_dept._of_energy_backing_petro_hub-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Environmental groups\u003c/a> and some Democrats in Congress are fighting the loan guarantees, which would go to a West Virginia business, Appalachia Development Group, that has proposed developing the storage in mined salt or limestone caverns underground.\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1956119 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"924\" height=\"693\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px.png 924w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px-160x120.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px-800x600.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 924px) 100vw, 924px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Near the Gulf Coast, environmentalists are also fighting new or expanding petrochemical and plastics manufacturing plants. The Times-Picayune and New Orleans Advocate\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nola.com/news/environment/article_70830ffe-0a1c-11ea-b387-b768e1c2ecc8.html\"> reported\u003c/a>\u003c/b> in late November that seven large petrochemical facilities and expansions had been approved in that area since 2015, and five more were awaiting permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of them stands out for its cost and size: the $9.6 billion Formosa plastics and petrochemical complex, proposed on 2,400 acres in St. James Parish. In early January, it was granted air quality permits, and the Center for Biological Diversity is now \u003ca href=\"https://biologicaldiversity.org/w/news/press-releases/lawsuit-challenges-trump-administrations-fast-tracking-of-louisiana-plastics-project-2020-01-15/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suing\u003c/a>, arguing that the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers failed to disclose environmental damage and public health risks of the plastic facility under the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/09012020/trump-nepa-environmental-review-changes-climate-change-infrastructure-pipelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Environmental Policy Act\u003c/a>. More lawsuits are expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Congress Eyes Competing Approaches to Plastics Regulation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the state level, lawmakers introduced at least 95 bills in 2019 related to plastic bags, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Most, including those in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/28/nyregion/plastic-bag-ban-.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New York\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/maine-bans-single-use-plastic-grocery-bags-by-earth-day-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Maine\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/06/vermont-adopts-most-comprehensive-single-use-plastics-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vermont\u003c/a>, sought to ban or place a fee on plastic bags. However, some went in the opposite direction, attempting to prevent local governments from making their own decisions on how to manage plastic waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oklahoma, Tennessee and North Dakota all blocked their cities from passing local bag rules in 2019. South Carolina lawmakers have been trying to pass a similar law, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thestate.com/news/politics-government/article226176810.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">promoted by lobbyists\u003c/a> for the industry. A “ban on bans” bill, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scstatehouse.gov/billsearch.php?billnumbers=394&session=123&summary=B\">S.394\u003c/a>, will pick up this month where it left off last year, and could come to a vote before the full South Carolina Senate, said Bradner, of the South Carolina Coastal Conservation League.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether a divided Congress in a heated election year can pass meaningful legislation remains an open question. But some federal lawmakers are trying, with competing approaches focused either on government funding or manufacturer responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The industry backs bills like Save Our Seas 2.0 and the\u003ca href=\"https://cardenas.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/c-rdenas-bucshon-introduce-recover-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> RECOVER Act\u003c/a>, which aim to improve waste management and recycling. Neither would slow the production of plastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rep. Alan Lowenthal (D-Calif.) and Sen. Tom Udall (D-N.M.) are floating another proposal that would require plastics producers to establish a national container deposit program, collect fees on non-reusable plastic bags, increase the amount of recycled plastic used in new products and establish a moratorium on new plastics manufacturing plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The financial burden of cleaning up pollution should not be solely on the taxpayers,” Lowenthal said at a Congressional hearing last fall. “It’s imperative the the companies that manufacture and sell these products take ownership of their environmental impacts.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Environmentalists cite “an incredible disconnect” between government support for plastics manufacturing and evidence of the industry’s pollution and climate impact.",
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"title": "Business is Booming, But Public Anger Toward Plastics Grows With Environmental Harms | KQED",
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"headline": "Business is Booming, But Public Anger Toward Plastics Grows With Environmental Harms",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/Neq_CwpkPvsGmMG7hVOy7A?domain=insideclimatenews.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/pD-rCxklQwf1V61yTviMEq?domain=insideclimatenews.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Frustrated with the sight of plastic bags and styrofoam containers piling up in its harbor, the city of Charleston, South Carolina, rang in the new year with a promise to start enforcing a ban on single-use plastic containers and utensils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s one of hundreds of similar bans that have been launched across the U.S. and \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_19_2631\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Europe\u003c/a>, amid a growing backlash to an industry that is expanding despite increasing evidence of the harm its products can do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In just the past year, researchers have shown that tiny particles of plastic are pervasive in the environment, even high in the mountains and inside human bodies. Dead whales have washed up with dozens of pounds of plastic waste in their stomachs. And a new awareness of the role the plastics industry plays in climate change is emerging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If it’s in our marshes, it’s in our oysters, it’s in our fish and it’s in our dolphins,” said Caroline Bradner, the Land, Water & Wildlife Project Manager for the South Carolina Coastal Conservation League. “And if there is plastic in them, there is plastic in us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The scientific studies and images of plastic waste have been shifting how the public sees plastics, and that has gotten the industry’s attention at the highest levels. The industry has been simultaneously fighting to prevent local plastics bans and trying to promote itself as a solution, while its production keeps growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia, one giant plastics plant is under construction, and a second awaits a decision on financing in an Appalachian region that federal officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/12/f58/Nov%202018%20DOE%20Ethane%20Hub%20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have said\u003c/a> could support even more manufacturing—an effort that the Trump administration may assist with loan guarantees this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the Gulf Coast, seven large petrochemical facilities have been approved since 2015. Environmentalists are fighting them, with the latest lawsuit filed last week over the federal permits for what would be one of the world’s largest plastics plants, planned near a wetlands area along the Mississippi River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">There is “an incredible disconnect” between public concerns about what plastics pollution is doing to the environment and all of the industry funding and tax dollars being invested in new plastics manufacturing, said Judith Enck, a former official with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency who in 2019 founded the Beyond Plastics campaign, a nonpartisan initiative that seeks to end plastic pollution. \u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1956118 alignright\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Plastics-Demand-Chart-529px.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"529\" height=\"764\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Plastics-Demand-Chart-529px.png 529w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Plastics-Demand-Chart-529px-160x231.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industry officials contend that they are just trying to meet consumer demand, and they say they are looking for ways to improve recycling and reduce waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We fundamentally think plastics don’t belong in the environment,” said Keith Christman, managing director of plastics markets for the American Chemistry Council, a chemical industry lobby group with members in the alliance. But, he added, plastics are essential. “You may be able to do without a plastic bag, but most products there really isn’t a substitute for or an ability to go without it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘A Climate Crisis Hiding in Plain Sight’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">From scientific research papers to reports by environmental groups, 2019 delivered a relentless stream of evidence about environmental and health concerns related to plastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I must say it’s been pretty uncomfortable … as we have watched images of plastic strewn over beaches and pictures of sea animals with ingested plastic,” Patty Long, the interim chief executive officer of the Plastics Industry Association, lamented at the Global Plastics Summit last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We see it over and over and over again,” she \u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/06072019/plastic-waste-ocean-global-summit-industry-solutions-recycling-climate-change\">told\u003c/a>\u003c/b> the industry gathering, co-hosted by the Plastics Industry Association and IHS Markit, which closely tracks the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">For example:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003cli>Plastic particles were found in the stomachs of the deepest known marine animals, nearly seven miles below the surface of the sea.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The wind\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-47947235\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> deposited\u003c/a> as much microplastic per square meter in a secluded area high in the Pyrenees Mountains, along the French and Spanish border, as researchers would expect in the city of Paris.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The average American now ingests more than 70,000 particles of microplastics per year, according to a\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.9b01517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> study\u003c/a> in the American Chemical Society journal Environmental Science & Technology.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The carcass of a dead sperm whale\u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/04/dead-pregnant-whale-plastic-italy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> washed ashore\u003c/a> in Italy with 49 pounds of plastic in its stomach; and a beached young Cuvier’s beaked whale died in the Philippines, with a necropsy\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/18/704471596/stomach-of-dead-whale-contained-nothing-but-plastic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> revealing\u003c/a> 88 pounds of plastic including plastic bags from grocery stores.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Center for International Environmental Law also\u003ca href=\"https://www.ciel.org/reports/plastic-health-the-hidden-costs-of-a-plastic-planet-may-2019/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> published\u003c/a> a report in May that found greenhouse gas emissions from the plastics lifecycle—from natural gas extraction to plastics production and disposal—could reach 850 million metric tons in 2019, about the same as 189 new 500-megawatt coal-fired power plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The total is projected to rise to 1.34 billion metric tons per year by 2030, equivalent to the emissions from nearly 300 coal plants of that size.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The group, working with the Environmental Integrity Project, FracTracker Alliance and others, concluded that the plastics’ and petrochemical industries’ plans could make it impossible to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming, the most challenging benchmark established under the 2015 Paris climate agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Plastics have been a climate crisis hiding in plain sight,” said Carroll Muffett, president and chief executive officer of the law center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Christman, with the chemical industry lobby group, argued that the law center should have compared the carbon emissions from plastics when they are used as substitutes to materials like glass or steel. Greenhouse gas emissions are spared when cars are made lighter and more fuel-efficient with plastic parts, he said, and when plastic wrapping preserves food to avoid spoilage and disposal in methane-producing landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“With all of these issues, yes, we have to avoid regrettable substitution,” Muffett responded. But the “simple argument that all the possible substitutes are going to be worse than plastics” is wrong, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plastics Could Grow 3.5 to 4 Percent Annually Through 2035\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">For years, the public relied on recycling to justify its plastics use, but now that, too, is in crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2018, China’s decided to stop accepting most plastic materials for recycling, and last May, 187 countries added plastics to an international treaty that controls the movement of hazardous waste around the globe, requiring exporters to obtain government permission before shipping lower quality plastic wastes to their countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s not all that’s preventing effective recycling. The economics of recycling “are still upside down,” largely because of a glut of the fossil fuels used to make plastic, said Nina Bellucci Butler, the chief executive officer of More Recycling, a research and consulting company that works with the plastics industry on recycling,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We are just awash in natural gas and oil,” she said. “The only thing we can do is make an incredible amount of plastics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The plastics industry has tried to show that it is responding to waste concerns. It \u003ca href=\"https://endplasticwaste.org/latest/the-alliance-launches-today/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced\u003c/a> a $1.5 billion Alliance to End Plastic Waste with the goal of improving plastic waste management in Asia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">But it is also moving ahead with new plastics manufacturing plants, as the oil and gas industry eyes plastics as a growing part of its future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The data firm IHS Markit has forecast that plastics production will grow on average 3.5 to 4 percent per year through at least 2035.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In western Pennsylvania outside Pittsburgh, hundreds of workers \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25022019/plastics-hub-appalachian-fracking-ethane-cracker-climate-change-health-ohio-river\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">are building\u003c/a> a massive Shell Polymers plant to turn ethane—a product of a decade-old natural gas fracking boom there—into the basic building blocks of plastic products. Analysts have \u003ca href=\"https://ihsmarkit.com/research-analysis/petrochemical-cluster-a-bright-future-for-the-tristate-region.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> the region could support as many as five of these plants, which “crack” ethane molecules to make ethylene and polyethylene resin pellets. \u003ca href=\"http://pttgcbelmontcountyoh.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">One \u003c/a>has already obtained environmental permits in Belmont County, Ohio, and is awaiting a financing decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2020, the Trump administration could decide whether to provide $1.9 billion in loan guarantees for the development of \u003ca href=\"https://aongrc.wvu.edu/reports\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">underground storage\u003c/a> for ethane it\u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/articles/secretary-perry-announces-appalachian-ethane-storage-hub-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> says\u003c/a> would help establish a whole new plastics manufacturing hub in Appalachia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/sites/default/files/organizational_sign_on_letter_opposing_dept._of_energy_backing_petro_hub-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Environmental groups\u003c/a> and some Democrats in Congress are fighting the loan guarantees, which would go to a West Virginia business, Appalachia Development Group, that has proposed developing the storage in mined salt or limestone caverns underground.\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1956119 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"924\" height=\"693\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px.png 924w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px-160x120.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px-800x600.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/natural-gas-to-plastics-manufacturing-1058px-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 924px) 100vw, 924px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Near the Gulf Coast, environmentalists are also fighting new or expanding petrochemical and plastics manufacturing plants. The Times-Picayune and New Orleans Advocate\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nola.com/news/environment/article_70830ffe-0a1c-11ea-b387-b768e1c2ecc8.html\"> reported\u003c/a>\u003c/b> in late November that seven large petrochemical facilities and expansions had been approved in that area since 2015, and five more were awaiting permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of them stands out for its cost and size: the $9.6 billion Formosa plastics and petrochemical complex, proposed on 2,400 acres in St. James Parish. In early January, it was granted air quality permits, and the Center for Biological Diversity is now \u003ca href=\"https://biologicaldiversity.org/w/news/press-releases/lawsuit-challenges-trump-administrations-fast-tracking-of-louisiana-plastics-project-2020-01-15/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suing\u003c/a>, arguing that the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers failed to disclose environmental damage and public health risks of the plastic facility under the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/09012020/trump-nepa-environmental-review-changes-climate-change-infrastructure-pipelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Environmental Policy Act\u003c/a>. More lawsuits are expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Congress Eyes Competing Approaches to Plastics Regulation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the state level, lawmakers introduced at least 95 bills in 2019 related to plastic bags, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Most, including those in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/28/nyregion/plastic-bag-ban-.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New York\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/maine-bans-single-use-plastic-grocery-bags-by-earth-day-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Maine\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/06/vermont-adopts-most-comprehensive-single-use-plastics-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vermont\u003c/a>, sought to ban or place a fee on plastic bags. However, some went in the opposite direction, attempting to prevent local governments from making their own decisions on how to manage plastic waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oklahoma, Tennessee and North Dakota all blocked their cities from passing local bag rules in 2019. South Carolina lawmakers have been trying to pass a similar law, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thestate.com/news/politics-government/article226176810.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">promoted by lobbyists\u003c/a> for the industry. A “ban on bans” bill, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scstatehouse.gov/billsearch.php?billnumbers=394&session=123&summary=B\">S.394\u003c/a>, will pick up this month where it left off last year, and could come to a vote before the full South Carolina Senate, said Bradner, of the South Carolina Coastal Conservation League.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether a divided Congress in a heated election year can pass meaningful legislation remains an open question. But some federal lawmakers are trying, with competing approaches focused either on government funding or manufacturer responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">The industry backs bills like Save Our Seas 2.0 and the\u003ca href=\"https://cardenas.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/c-rdenas-bucshon-introduce-recover-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> RECOVER Act\u003c/a>, which aim to improve waste management and recycling. Neither would slow the production of plastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rep. Alan Lowenthal (D-Calif.) and Sen. Tom Udall (D-N.M.) are floating another proposal that would require plastics producers to establish a national container deposit program, collect fees on non-reusable plastic bags, increase the amount of recycled plastic used in new products and establish a moratorium on new plastics manufacturing plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Saying that California is violating a federal law, the Trump administration on Friday threatened the state with a potential loss of federal health care funds over its requirement that insurance plans cover abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement was timed to coincide with the anti-abortion March for Life in the nation’s capital, and came on a day when President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/24/798994515/president-trump-to-face-friendly-crowd-at-march-for-life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">became the first president\u003c/a> to address the marchers in person. Religious conservatives are a core element of Trump’s political coalition, and his administration has gone out of its way to deliver on their demands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='medium' citation='Attorney General Xavier Becerra']‘Women’s health should never be dangled as bait for the sake of political grandstanding.’[/pullquote]The U.S. Health and Human Services Department said it is issuing a “notice of violation,” giving California 30 days to comply with a federal law known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/ocr/civilrights/understanding/ConscienceProtect/publaw111_117_123_stat_3034.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Weldon amendment\u003c/a>. The law bars federal health care funding from being provided to states or entities that practice “discrimination” against a health care organization on the basis that it “does not provide, pay for, provide coverage of, or refer for abortions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The director of the HHS Office for Civil Rights, Roger Severino, said California is violating that restriction by requiring insurance plans to cover abortions. According to Severino, 28,000 Californians had abortion-free plans prior to the state’s requirements and have now lost that option. The federal government has received complaints from an order of nuns — the \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/california/court-of-appeal/2019/c083232.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Missionary Guadalupanas of the Holy Spirit\u003c/a> in Los Angeles — as well as Skyline Wesleyan Church near San Diego. Neither group immediately responded to KQED requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If states receive federal funds … they cannot discriminate against a health plan that declines to cover abortions,” Severino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lawmakers and abortion advocates quickly responded to the notice. Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom alluded to the political overtones of the announcement and the Republican administration’s ongoing feud with California on numerous issues in denying that the state is doing anything wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite a federal opinion four years ago confirming California’s compliance with the Weldon amendment, the Trump administration would rather rile up its base to score cheap political points and risk access to care for millions than do what’s right,” Newsom said in a statement, referring to the Obama administration’s decision to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-fi-california-abortion-insurance-20160621-snap-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reject\u003c/a> a similar challenge to the state’s mandate. “California will continue to protect a woman’s right to choose, and we won’t back down from defending reproductive freedom for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said Trump was “using the official levers of government to advance his political agenda.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Women’s health should never be dangled as bait for the sake of political grandstanding,” Becerra said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move, said Jodi Hicks, president and CEO of Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, was “the same tired tactic we have seen from the Trump administration in its attempts to restrict and ban access to abortion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Access to abortion is law of the land and California will not back down in our fight to defend and expand, not ban, access to abortion,” Hicks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='medium' citation='Roger Severino, director of the U.S. Health and Human Services Department']‘If states receive federal funds … they cannot discriminate against a health plan that declines to cover abortions.’[/pullquote]It is unclear why the administration is taking action now over a mandate that has been in place for years and why it has chosen to first target California, which is one of a \u003ca href=\"https://nwlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/50-State-Insurance-Coverage-of-Abortion-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">few states\u003c/a> that require abortion coverage in private health insurance plans. Severino also didn’t specify which of many streams of federal health care funds — amounting to tens of billions of dollars — might be in jeopardy for California. That could include money for community health centers, Medicaid health insurance for low-income people and basic public health activities like educating parents about vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='abortion' label='Related Coverage']The state has become something of a familiar antagonist for the president. He has repeatedly lambasted its prominent politicians — with tweets targeting House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Newsom, among others — and repeatedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11784681/no-more-trump-threatens-to-cut-funding-for-california-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">threatened\u003c/a> to cut off its federal relief funds for fighting wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law has long barred the use of taxpayer money to pay for abortions, except in cases of rape, incest or to save the life of the woman. That bipartisan consensus could change if a Democrat wins the White House in November, since the Democratic candidates have pledged to take a more assertive stance on abortion rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The HHS Civil Rights Office headed by Severino has traditionally mainly handled complaints about privacy violations. Under Trump, it added a new division to handle cases of alleged discrimination on the basis of religious or moral scruples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a federal judge in New York last year blocked a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/05/02/688260025/new-trump-rule-protects-health-care-workers-who-refuse-care-for-religious-reason\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Trump administration rule\u003c/a> that could have opened the way for more clinicians and health care workers to refuse to participate in abortions and other procedures because of religious or moral objections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Paul A. Engelmayer said the administration’s claim that there has been a significant increase in complaints about health care industry workers being forced to violate their conscience was “flatly untrue.” The Supreme Court has \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/795342900/supreme-court-takes-up-birth-control-conscience-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">picked up\u003c/a> the case for consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from the Associated Press, NPR and KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The U.S. Health and Human Services Department said it is issuing a “notice of violation,” giving California 30 days to comply with a federal law known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/ocr/civilrights/understanding/ConscienceProtect/publaw111_117_123_stat_3034.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Weldon amendment\u003c/a>. The law bars federal health care funding from being provided to states or entities that practice “discrimination” against a health care organization on the basis that it “does not provide, pay for, provide coverage of, or refer for abortions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The director of the HHS Office for Civil Rights, Roger Severino, said California is violating that restriction by requiring insurance plans to cover abortions. According to Severino, 28,000 Californians had abortion-free plans prior to the state’s requirements and have now lost that option. The federal government has received complaints from an order of nuns — the \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/california/court-of-appeal/2019/c083232.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Missionary Guadalupanas of the Holy Spirit\u003c/a> in Los Angeles — as well as Skyline Wesleyan Church near San Diego. Neither group immediately responded to KQED requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If states receive federal funds … they cannot discriminate against a health plan that declines to cover abortions,” Severino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lawmakers and abortion advocates quickly responded to the notice. Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom alluded to the political overtones of the announcement and the Republican administration’s ongoing feud with California on numerous issues in denying that the state is doing anything wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite a federal opinion four years ago confirming California’s compliance with the Weldon amendment, the Trump administration would rather rile up its base to score cheap political points and risk access to care for millions than do what’s right,” Newsom said in a statement, referring to the Obama administration’s decision to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-fi-california-abortion-insurance-20160621-snap-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reject\u003c/a> a similar challenge to the state’s mandate. “California will continue to protect a woman’s right to choose, and we won’t back down from defending reproductive freedom for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said Trump was “using the official levers of government to advance his political agenda.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Women’s health should never be dangled as bait for the sake of political grandstanding,” Becerra said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move, said Jodi Hicks, president and CEO of Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, was “the same tired tactic we have seen from the Trump administration in its attempts to restrict and ban access to abortion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Access to abortion is law of the land and California will not back down in our fight to defend and expand, not ban, access to abortion,” Hicks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The state has become something of a familiar antagonist for the president. He has repeatedly lambasted its prominent politicians — with tweets targeting House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Newsom, among others — and repeatedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11784681/no-more-trump-threatens-to-cut-funding-for-california-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">threatened\u003c/a> to cut off its federal relief funds for fighting wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law has long barred the use of taxpayer money to pay for abortions, except in cases of rape, incest or to save the life of the woman. That bipartisan consensus could change if a Democrat wins the White House in November, since the Democratic candidates have pledged to take a more assertive stance on abortion rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The HHS Civil Rights Office headed by Severino has traditionally mainly handled complaints about privacy violations. Under Trump, it added a new division to handle cases of alleged discrimination on the basis of religious or moral scruples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a federal judge in New York last year blocked a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/05/02/688260025/new-trump-rule-protects-health-care-workers-who-refuse-care-for-religious-reason\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Trump administration rule\u003c/a> that could have opened the way for more clinicians and health care workers to refuse to participate in abortions and other procedures because of religious or moral objections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Paul A. Engelmayer said the administration’s claim that there has been a significant increase in complaints about health care industry workers being forced to violate their conscience was “flatly untrue.” The Supreme Court has \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/795342900/supreme-court-takes-up-birth-control-conscience-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">picked up\u003c/a> the case for consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from the Associated Press, NPR and KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
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}
},
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"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
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