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"content": "\u003cp>Two years after moving the metaphorical minute hand of its Doomsday Clock to within two minutes of midnight — a figurative two-minute warning for all humanity — the science and security board of the \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists\u003c/a> revealed Thursday that it has moved that minute hand another 20 seconds closer to the midnight hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is 100 seconds to midnight,\" declared the Bulletin's president and CEO, Rachel Bronson, at a Washington, D.C., \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/doomsday-clock/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news conference\u003c/a> as a black cloth was lifted to reveal the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Never since the clock's 1947 Cold War debut has it come so close to the putative doomsday annihilation represented by the 12 a.m. hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Doomsday Clock is a globally recognized indicator of the vulnerability of our existence,\" said \u003ca href=\"https://president.ie/en/the-president/mary-robinson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">former Irish President\u003c/a> Mary Robinson at the annual clock-unveiling ceremony. \"It's a striking metaphor for the precarious state of the world, but most frighteningly, it's a metaphor backed by rigorous scientific scrutiny.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 13 Nobel laureates on its board and founded by scientists who worked on the atomic bomb-building \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/management/office-management/operational-management/history/manhattan-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Manhattan Project\u003c/a> during World War II, the University of Chicago-based Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has used its Doomsday Clock to register existential threat levels and raise awareness of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Former Gov. Jerry Brown\"]'We can still pull back from the brink, but we have to do what we're not doing. Whatever we've done to date, it is totally inadequate.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1953, months after the U.S. tested its first hydrogen bomb and as the Soviet Union was about to do the same, the Doomsday Clock was also \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/doomsday-clock/current-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">set \u003c/a>within two minutes of midnight. The minute hand was moved back gradually as nuclear arms control agreements reduced the threat of global catastrophe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time the Soviet Union collapsed and the Cold War ended in 1991, the clock was set at an unprecedented 17 minutes to midnight. It has moved closer ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What you're hearing,\" said former California Democratic Gov. Jerry Brown, who appeared at the event as the Bulletin's new executive chairman, \"is really the voices of the prophets of doom. Speaking of danger and destruction is never very easy — if you speak the truth, people will not want to listen, because it's too awful and it makes you sound like a crackpot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clock's minute hand was moved forward after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.defense.gov/explore/story/Article/1924779/us-withdraws-from-intermediate-range-nuclear-forces-treaty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">August 2019 collapse \u003c/a>of the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty between the U.S. and Russia. The demise of the pact frees both nations to deploy land-based missiles over ranges that leave little time for a response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also growing signs in 2019 that the Trump administration was aiming to withdraw from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/openskies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open Skies Treaty\u003c/a>, which allows the U.S. and Russia to observe one another's military installations through closely monitored overflights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Iran increased its stockpile of low-enriched uranium and added new and improved centrifuges last year in the aftermath of the U.S. withdrawing from a multination \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/01/23/state-supreme-court-justice-mariano-florentino-cuellar-on-growing-up-in-a-border-town-and-switching-from-academia-to-the-courts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nuclear pact\u003c/a> with Iran that was forged during the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have to admit [that] we set the clock in November,\" said George Washington University research professor Sharon Squassoni. \"This was before recent military actions by the U.S. and Iran, Iran's statement or threat that it might leave the \u003ca href=\"https://www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/nuclear/npt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty\u003c/a>, and North Korea's abandonment of talks with the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of disasters linked to global climate change resulting from the continued consumption of fossil fuels was another factor cited for moving the clock even closer to midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The Political Mind of Jerry Brown\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/jerrybrown, Listen to the podcast\" hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/THE-EYE-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're in it, it's dire, but we're not there yet,\" Brown said. \"We can still pull back from the brink, but we have to do what we're not doing. Whatever we've done to date, it is totally inadequate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, who served four terms as California's top executive, noted that he'd spent his life seeking the favor of powerful people whom he described as \"totally ignorant, blind and deaf to our predicament.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So the task is wake up,\" the 81-year-old former governor concluded. \"Wake up America, wake up the world — it is 100 minutes before doomsday!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson, the former Irish president, leaned over to softly correct Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One hundred \u003cem>seconds\u003c/em> before doomsday,\" she murmured, amid laughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seconds?\" replied Brown. \"Well, it just shows you, we don't even know what the hell we're talking about! There's Exhibit A of why we've got a problem! It is definitely more serious than minutes — it's seconds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+End+May+Be+Nearer%3A+Doomsday+Clock+Moves+Within+100+Seconds+Of+Midnight&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1953, months after the U.S. tested its first hydrogen bomb and as the Soviet Union was about to do the same, the Doomsday Clock was also \u003ca href=\"https://thebulletin.org/doomsday-clock/current-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">set \u003c/a>within two minutes of midnight. The minute hand was moved back gradually as nuclear arms control agreements reduced the threat of global catastrophe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time the Soviet Union collapsed and the Cold War ended in 1991, the clock was set at an unprecedented 17 minutes to midnight. It has moved closer ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What you're hearing,\" said former California Democratic Gov. Jerry Brown, who appeared at the event as the Bulletin's new executive chairman, \"is really the voices of the prophets of doom. Speaking of danger and destruction is never very easy — if you speak the truth, people will not want to listen, because it's too awful and it makes you sound like a crackpot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clock's minute hand was moved forward after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.defense.gov/explore/story/Article/1924779/us-withdraws-from-intermediate-range-nuclear-forces-treaty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">August 2019 collapse \u003c/a>of the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty between the U.S. and Russia. The demise of the pact frees both nations to deploy land-based missiles over ranges that leave little time for a response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also growing signs in 2019 that the Trump administration was aiming to withdraw from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/openskies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open Skies Treaty\u003c/a>, which allows the U.S. and Russia to observe one another's military installations through closely monitored overflights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Iran increased its stockpile of low-enriched uranium and added new and improved centrifuges last year in the aftermath of the U.S. withdrawing from a multination \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/01/23/state-supreme-court-justice-mariano-florentino-cuellar-on-growing-up-in-a-border-town-and-switching-from-academia-to-the-courts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nuclear pact\u003c/a> with Iran that was forged during the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have to admit [that] we set the clock in November,\" said George Washington University research professor Sharon Squassoni. \"This was before recent military actions by the U.S. and Iran, Iran's statement or threat that it might leave the \u003ca href=\"https://www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/nuclear/npt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty\u003c/a>, and North Korea's abandonment of talks with the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of disasters linked to global climate change resulting from the continued consumption of fossil fuels was another factor cited for moving the clock even closer to midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Three firefighting airplane crew members were killed Thursday when the C-130 Hercules aerial water tanker they were in crashed while battling wildfires in southeastern Australia, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were part of a crew on a California-based tanker, California Gov. Gavin Newsom said. He did not identify the crew members but called them heroes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]Canada-based Coulson Aviation said one of its Lockheed large air tankers was lost after it left with retardant for a firebombing mission.[/pullquote]New South Wales Premier Gladys Berejiklian said the plane crashed in the state's Snowy Monaro region, which came as Australia grapples with an unprecedented fire season that has left a large swath of destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canada-based Coulson Aviation said in a statement that one of its Lockheed large air tankers was lost after it left Richmond in New South Wales with retardant for a firebombing mission. It said the accident was \"extensive\" but had few other details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The only thing I have from the field reports are that the plane came down, it's crashed and there was a large fireball associated with that crash,\" said Rural Fire Service Commissioner Shane Fitzsimmons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foreign Minister Marise Payne said she had conveyed Australia's condolences to U.S. Ambassador Arthur Culvahouse Jr.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our hearts go out to their loved ones. They were helping Australia, far from their own homes, an embodiment of the deep friendship between our two countries,\" she said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/sonomascanner/status/1220229001228124161?s=21\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tragedy brings the death toll from the blazes to at least 31 since September. The fires have also destroyed more than 2,600 homes and razed more than 25.7 million acres — an area bigger than Indiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coulson grounded other firefighting aircraft as a precaution pending investigation, reducing planes available to firefighters in New South Wales and neighboring Victoria state. The four-propeller Hercules drops more than 4,000 gallons of fire retardant in a single pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokeswoman Robyn Baldwin of Coulson, with headquarters in the Canadian province of British Columbia and extensive U.S. operations, declined to identify the crew members or say where they were from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We ask for privacy at this time as we mourn the loss of our crew members,\" Baldwin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11794168']Australian Transport Safety Bureau, the national air crash investigator and state police will investigate the crash site, which firefighters described as an active fire ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no indication at this stage of what's caused the accident,\" Fitzsimmons said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berejiklian said more than 1,700 volunteers and personnel were in the field, and five fires were being described at an \"emergency warning\" level — the most dangerous on a three-tier scale — across the state and on the fringes of the national capital, Canberra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Gillian Flaccus in Portland, Oregon, contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Californians left in the dark by electric companies that shut off their power to prevent wildfires could get paid for things such as lost wages or spoiled food under a bill being considered in the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the state plagued by catastrophic blazes started by strong winds knocking down power lines, large investor-owned utilities have been aggressively shutting off power for millions of customers ahead of windstorms. In October, PG&E shut off power to more than 2 million customers. The blackouts caused major disruptions throughout the region, closing schools and businesses and making it more difficult for people who rely on medical devices powered by electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]The bill would ban electric companies from raising rates to cover losses from a blackout.[/pullquote]Utility companies cite public safety for the practice but also do it to protect their bottom line. Pacific Gas & Electric Co., the nation's largest electric utility, filed for bankruptcy last year after facing an estimated $50 billion in damages from several Northern California wildfires that were linked to its equipment — including the 2018 Camp Fire, which killed 85 people and destroyed more than 13,000 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Scott Wiener, a Democrat from San Francisco, said the liability issue acts as a financial incentive for electric companies to err on the side of large blackouts covering more people for longer periods of time. Wiener said he designed his bill to act as an incentive for utility companies to have smaller, more targeted blackouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would require investor-owned utilities to reimburse customers and local governments for some costs associated with blackouts. It would require an electric company's shareholders — not its customers — to put money into a fund to reimburse customers within two weeks of a blackout. It would also ban electric companies from raising rates to cover losses from a blackout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='medium' citation='DaVina Flemings, of PG&E']'(The bill) would put customers and communities in a very dangerous position by penalizing the utilities for deploying a public safety power shutoff.'[/pullquote]The California Public Utilities Commission would oversee the fund and decide how big it should be. The measure would also let the commission fine power companies up to $250,000 an hour for every 50,000 customers impacted by a power shutoff if regulators determine the utility \"failed to act in a reasonable and prudent manner.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the penalties had been in effect last fall, PG&E could have faced fines of more than $1 billion, according to a legislative analysis of the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's about giving utilities an incentive to use planned blackouts as a scalpel and not as a sledgehammer,\" Wiener said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others worry the bill would spook electric companies into being too cautious with blackouts, thus increasing the risk of deadly wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='medium' citation='State Sen. Scott Wiener']'It's about giving utilities an incentive to use planned blackouts as a scalpel and not as a sledgehammer.'[/pullquote]\"I believe it gives perverse incentives that could harm people,\" said state Sen. Bill Dodd, a Democrat from Napa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill passed the Senate Appropriations Committee on Thursday, clearing the way for a vote in the full Senate next week. The bill must pass the Senate by Jan. 31 to have a chance at becoming law this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11785039,news_11784017,news_11779153]In a letter to committee members on Wednesday, PG&E Chief of State Government Relations DaVina Flemings said the company proactively turns off power \"for one reason only and that is keeping customers and communities safe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Flemings said the bill \"would put customers and communities in a very dangerous position by penalizing the utilities for deploying a public safety power shutoff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener said the bill would not ban planned blackouts, saying \"they can save lives and property.\" Instead, he said it is to \"incentivize the right behavior.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those costs are real,\" Wiener said. \"For a lot of people, if you lose your refrigerator contents, that's your food for the month.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In a letter to committee members on Wednesday, PG&E Chief of State Government Relations DaVina Flemings said the company proactively turns off power \"for one reason only and that is keeping customers and communities safe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Flemings said the bill \"would put customers and communities in a very dangerous position by penalizing the utilities for deploying a public safety power shutoff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener said the bill would not ban planned blackouts, saying \"they can save lives and property.\" Instead, he said it is to \"incentivize the right behavior.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those costs are real,\" Wiener said. \"For a lot of people, if you lose your refrigerator contents, that's your food for the month.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "EPA Rolls Back Obama-Era Rules Protecting Rivers and Wetlands",
"headTitle": "EPA Rolls Back Obama-Era Rules Protecting Rivers and Wetlands | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The Environmental Protection Agency is dramatically reducing federal pollution protections for rivers, streams and wetlands – a move welcomed by many farmers, builders and mining companies but opposed even by the agency’s own science advisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler, who announced the repeal of an earlier Obama-era rule in September, chose to make the long-anticipated announcement Thursday in Las Vegas, at the National Association of Home Builders International Builders’ Show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The rollbacks are not expected to majorly impact California, a state with strong protections for waterways dating back to 1969. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nevertheless, California’s top environmental regulator was quick to blast the new water rules. In an interview with the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/01/23/trump-moves-to-weaken-waterway-protections/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Jose Mercury News\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, he said the federal action is the latest example of the president’s “radical rollback of environmental and public health protections established over decades with bipartisan support.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest change in the new federal rules is a controversial move to roll back government limits on pollution in wetlands and smaller waterways that were introduced less than five years ago by President Barack Obama.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama executive action, which broadened the definition of “waters of the United States,” applied to about 60% of U.S. waterways. It aimed to bring clarity to decades of political and legal debate over which waters should qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, various business interests painted the regulation as a massive federal overreach. Within weeks after the change was announced in May 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2015/06/29/texas-sues-obama-administration-epa-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">27 states sued to block it.\u003c/a> At the time, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton, a leading critic, called the new rule “so broad and open to interpretation that everything from ditches and dry creek beds to gullies to isolated ponds formed after a big rain could be considered a ‘water of the United States.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, as the proposed rollback was taking shape last year, \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/475500-14-states-sue-epa-over-rollback-of-obama-era-water-rule\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">14 states sued the EPA\u003c/a> over the impending rule change, saying it “ignores science and the law and strips our waters of basic protections under the Clean Water Act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://yosemite.epa.gov/sab/sabproduct.nsf/ea5d9a9b55cc319285256cbd005a472e/5939af1252ddadfb852584e10053d472/%24FILE/WOTUS%20SAB%20Draft%20Commentary_10_16_19_.pdf\">draft letter\u003c/a> posted online late last month, the 41-member EPA Science Advisory Board, which is made up largely of Trump administration appointees, said the revised definition rule “decreases protection for our Nation’s waters and does not support the objective of restoring and maintaining ‘the chemical, physical and biological integrity’ of these waters.” The letter is signed by the board’s chair, \u003ca href=\"https://www.houstonchronicle.com/business/article/Who-is-Michael-Honeycutt-Controversial-Texas-13054547.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Honeycutt.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a speech on Sunday at the American Farm Bureau Federation’s annual gathering in Austin, Texas, President Trump hinted at the change, calling the 2015 Obama rule “one of the most ridiculous regulations of all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was a rule that basically took your property away from you,” he said. “As long as I’m president, government will never micromanage America’s farmers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the new regulations would “allow states to manage their water resources based on their own needs and what their farmers and ranchers want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Trump first proposed the new rule in late 2018, Randy Noel, then chairman of the National Association of Home Builders, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/11/675477583/trump-epa-proposes-big-changes-to-federal-water-protections\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told NPR\u003c/a> that “I’m pretty excited about it because we hadn’t had any lots to build on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noel lives in south Louisiana, an area with a lot of wetlands. He said developers were running scared because it wasn’t ever clear which wetlands were federally regulated and which weren’t. “Hopefully, this redefinition will fix that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Janette Brimmer, with the legal advocacy group Earthjustice, said in a statement that under the new rule, “few protections will remain to stop polluters from dumping toxic byproducts into our waters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revamped rule will not cover smaller ephemeral streams, those that flow only part of the year and dry up at other times. They make up a large part of the waters in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/15/713616827/trump-administration-moves-forward-with-proposal-to-re-define-waterway-protectio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New Mexico\u003c/a>, says Rachel Conn with Amigos Bravos, a New Mexico-based conservation group that focuses on water issues. “But they all drain into our bigger systems,” she says. “And it is from these bigger systems that close to 300,000 New Mexicans receive their drinking water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-executive-order-restoring-rule-law-federalism-economic-growth-reviewing-waters-united-states-rule/\">ordered a review\u003c/a> of the nation’s waterways barely a month after taking office. He said at the time that while clean water was “in the national interest,” it must be balanced against “promoting economic growth, minimizing regulatory uncertainty, and showing due regard for the roles of the Congress and the States under the Constitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since taking office, Trump has aggressively sought to roll back environmental regulations, particularly those seen as an obstacle to business. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/climate/trump-environment-rollbacks.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an analysis by The New York Times\u003c/a> that was updated a month ago, the administration has revised or eliminated more than 90 environmental rules in the past three years, although several were reinstated following legal challenges and several others are still in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Cuts+Back+Federal+Protections+for+Streams+and+Wetlands&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Environmental Protection Agency is dramatically reducing federal pollution protections for rivers, streams and wetlands – a move welcomed by many farmers, builders and mining companies but opposed even by the agency’s own science advisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler, who announced the repeal of an earlier Obama-era rule in September, chose to make the long-anticipated announcement Thursday in Las Vegas, at the National Association of Home Builders International Builders’ Show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The rollbacks are not expected to majorly impact California, a state with strong protections for waterways dating back to 1969. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nevertheless, California’s top environmental regulator was quick to blast the new water rules. In an interview with the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/01/23/trump-moves-to-weaken-waterway-protections/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Jose Mercury News\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, he said the federal action is the latest example of the president’s “radical rollback of environmental and public health protections established over decades with bipartisan support.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest change in the new federal rules is a controversial move to roll back government limits on pollution in wetlands and smaller waterways that were introduced less than five years ago by President Barack Obama.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama executive action, which broadened the definition of “waters of the United States,” applied to about 60% of U.S. waterways. It aimed to bring clarity to decades of political and legal debate over which waters should qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, various business interests painted the regulation as a massive federal overreach. Within weeks after the change was announced in May 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2015/06/29/texas-sues-obama-administration-epa-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">27 states sued to block it.\u003c/a> At the time, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton, a leading critic, called the new rule “so broad and open to interpretation that everything from ditches and dry creek beds to gullies to isolated ponds formed after a big rain could be considered a ‘water of the United States.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, as the proposed rollback was taking shape last year, \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/475500-14-states-sue-epa-over-rollback-of-obama-era-water-rule\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">14 states sued the EPA\u003c/a> over the impending rule change, saying it “ignores science and the law and strips our waters of basic protections under the Clean Water Act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://yosemite.epa.gov/sab/sabproduct.nsf/ea5d9a9b55cc319285256cbd005a472e/5939af1252ddadfb852584e10053d472/%24FILE/WOTUS%20SAB%20Draft%20Commentary_10_16_19_.pdf\">draft letter\u003c/a> posted online late last month, the 41-member EPA Science Advisory Board, which is made up largely of Trump administration appointees, said the revised definition rule “decreases protection for our Nation’s waters and does not support the objective of restoring and maintaining ‘the chemical, physical and biological integrity’ of these waters.” The letter is signed by the board’s chair, \u003ca href=\"https://www.houstonchronicle.com/business/article/Who-is-Michael-Honeycutt-Controversial-Texas-13054547.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Honeycutt.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a speech on Sunday at the American Farm Bureau Federation’s annual gathering in Austin, Texas, President Trump hinted at the change, calling the 2015 Obama rule “one of the most ridiculous regulations of all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was a rule that basically took your property away from you,” he said. “As long as I’m president, government will never micromanage America’s farmers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the new regulations would “allow states to manage their water resources based on their own needs and what their farmers and ranchers want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Trump first proposed the new rule in late 2018, Randy Noel, then chairman of the National Association of Home Builders, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/11/675477583/trump-epa-proposes-big-changes-to-federal-water-protections\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told NPR\u003c/a> that “I’m pretty excited about it because we hadn’t had any lots to build on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noel lives in south Louisiana, an area with a lot of wetlands. He said developers were running scared because it wasn’t ever clear which wetlands were federally regulated and which weren’t. “Hopefully, this redefinition will fix that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Janette Brimmer, with the legal advocacy group Earthjustice, said in a statement that under the new rule, “few protections will remain to stop polluters from dumping toxic byproducts into our waters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revamped rule will not cover smaller ephemeral streams, those that flow only part of the year and dry up at other times. They make up a large part of the waters in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/15/713616827/trump-administration-moves-forward-with-proposal-to-re-define-waterway-protectio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New Mexico\u003c/a>, says Rachel Conn with Amigos Bravos, a New Mexico-based conservation group that focuses on water issues. “But they all drain into our bigger systems,” she says. “And it is from these bigger systems that close to 300,000 New Mexicans receive their drinking water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-executive-order-restoring-rule-law-federalism-economic-growth-reviewing-waters-united-states-rule/\">ordered a review\u003c/a> of the nation’s waterways barely a month after taking office. He said at the time that while clean water was “in the national interest,” it must be balanced against “promoting economic growth, minimizing regulatory uncertainty, and showing due regard for the roles of the Congress and the States under the Constitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since taking office, Trump has aggressively sought to roll back environmental regulations, particularly those seen as an obstacle to business. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/climate/trump-environment-rollbacks.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an analysis by The New York Times\u003c/a> that was updated a month ago, the administration has revised or eliminated more than 90 environmental rules in the past three years, although several were reinstated following legal challenges and several others are still in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Cuts+Back+Federal+Protections+for+Streams+and+Wetlands&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "china-halts-outbound-flights-as-coronavirus-spreads-status-of-flights-to-sfo-unclear",
"title": "SFO Flights Impacted After China Halts Departures From Wuhan to Fight Coronavirus",
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"content": "\u003cp>Chinese state media said the city of Wuhan is stopping outbound flights as the country battles the spread of a new coronavirus that has sickened hundreds and killed 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes after the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced Tuesday the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1955988/first-u-s-case-of-new-coronavirus-detected-in-washington-state\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first detection of the virus\u003c/a> in the U.S. in a man who had returned from Wuhan before the CDC initiated public health screenings at five U.S. airports, including Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) and San Francisco International Airport (SFO).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO expected \u003ca href=\"https://www.flightstats.com/v2/flight-details/CZ/659?year=2020&month=1&date=23&flightId=1028795449\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one departing\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.flightstats.com/v2/flight-details/CZ/660\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one arriving\u003c/a> flight from Wuhan Thursday. Both flights have been canceled, according to SFO spokesperson Doug Yakel Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials have shut down all transportation into and out of Wuhan, including the airport and train stations. Buses, subways, ferries and long-distance shuttle buses were also temporarily halted. The state-owned People’s Daily newspaper said no one would be allowed to leave the city, while the government press office Xinhua News Agency said people would not be permitted to leave without a specific reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symptoms of the illness include fever, coughing and difficulty breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some patients in Wuhan were linked to Wuhan South China Seafood City, a market that has been identified as a possible source for the current outbreak, but more cases have been identified since the market’s closure on Jan. 1.\u003ca href=\"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/novel-coronavirus-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> According to a CDC alert\u003c/a>, this indicates that “some person-to-person spread is occurring, though it’s unclear how easily this virus is spreading between people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What’s Going on at SFO?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The CDC’s public health screenings, which began Jan. 17 at SFO, include a symptom questionnaire and a temperature check, according to Martin Cetron, the CDC’s director for the division of global migration and quarantine, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/t0121-Telebriefing-Coronavirus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in a press briefing Tuesday\u003c/a>. Travelers that are showing symptoms are further evaluated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flights regularly arrive at SFO directly from Wuhan on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays every week, according to SFO’s Yakel. During the past year, an average of 150 passengers arrived on each nonstop flight from Wuhan to San Francisco, according to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The canceled inbound flight from Wuhan, China Southern Airlines 659, was scheduled to depart Wednesday at 11:20 p.m. California time and to arrive Thursday morning at 10:55 a.m. China Southern Airlines Flight 660 was also scheduled to depart SFO for Wuhan at 12:55 p.m., but Yakel confirmed both Thursday flights are canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next direct flights to and from Wuhan are scheduled for Saturday, but SFO does not know if they will be canceled and how long the Wuhan airport will be shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC said Tuesday that 1,200 passengers from Wuhan have been screened since Jan. 17 at SFO, LAX and John F. Kennedy International airport. No individuals carrying the virus have yet been detected through these screenings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the World Health Organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956030/efficacy-of-sfo-screenings-for-new-virus-questioned\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recommends against\u003c/a> traveler screening. “It is generally considered that entry screening offers little benefit, while requiring considerable resources,” said WHO officials in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/ith/2020-0901_outbreak_of_Pneumonia_caused_by_a_new_coronavirus_in_C/en/\">press release\u003c/a> on Jan. 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first U.S. case of coronavirus was confirmed in a man who had returned from Wuhan on an indirect flight on Jan. 15 and was not experiencing symptoms at the time. After the patient sought medical care, the CDC conducted lab testing that confirmed the diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is currently no vaccine for the virus, which requires a lab test to confirm. The CDC hopes to make testing faster and more accessible by sharing the test with partners across the country and worldwide in the coming days and weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said Thursday at a press conference that while the epidemic was clearly a crisis in China, “it has not yet become a global health emergency. It may yet become one.” The organization defines a global emergency as an “extraordinary event” that constitutes a risk to other countries and requires a coordinated international response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Chinese state media said the city of Wuhan is stopping outbound flights as the country battles the spread of a new coronavirus that has sickened hundreds and killed 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes after the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced Tuesday the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1955988/first-u-s-case-of-new-coronavirus-detected-in-washington-state\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first detection of the virus\u003c/a> in the U.S. in a man who had returned from Wuhan before the CDC initiated public health screenings at five U.S. airports, including Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) and San Francisco International Airport (SFO).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO expected \u003ca href=\"https://www.flightstats.com/v2/flight-details/CZ/659?year=2020&month=1&date=23&flightId=1028795449\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one departing\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.flightstats.com/v2/flight-details/CZ/660\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one arriving\u003c/a> flight from Wuhan Thursday. Both flights have been canceled, according to SFO spokesperson Doug Yakel Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials have shut down all transportation into and out of Wuhan, including the airport and train stations. Buses, subways, ferries and long-distance shuttle buses were also temporarily halted. The state-owned People’s Daily newspaper said no one would be allowed to leave the city, while the government press office Xinhua News Agency said people would not be permitted to leave without a specific reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symptoms of the illness include fever, coughing and difficulty breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some patients in Wuhan were linked to Wuhan South China Seafood City, a market that has been identified as a possible source for the current outbreak, but more cases have been identified since the market’s closure on Jan. 1.\u003ca href=\"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/novel-coronavirus-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> According to a CDC alert\u003c/a>, this indicates that “some person-to-person spread is occurring, though it’s unclear how easily this virus is spreading between people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What’s Going on at SFO?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The CDC’s public health screenings, which began Jan. 17 at SFO, include a symptom questionnaire and a temperature check, according to Martin Cetron, the CDC’s director for the division of global migration and quarantine, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/t0121-Telebriefing-Coronavirus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in a press briefing Tuesday\u003c/a>. Travelers that are showing symptoms are further evaluated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flights regularly arrive at SFO directly from Wuhan on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays every week, according to SFO’s Yakel. During the past year, an average of 150 passengers arrived on each nonstop flight from Wuhan to San Francisco, according to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The canceled inbound flight from Wuhan, China Southern Airlines 659, was scheduled to depart Wednesday at 11:20 p.m. California time and to arrive Thursday morning at 10:55 a.m. China Southern Airlines Flight 660 was also scheduled to depart SFO for Wuhan at 12:55 p.m., but Yakel confirmed both Thursday flights are canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next direct flights to and from Wuhan are scheduled for Saturday, but SFO does not know if they will be canceled and how long the Wuhan airport will be shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC said Tuesday that 1,200 passengers from Wuhan have been screened since Jan. 17 at SFO, LAX and John F. Kennedy International airport. No individuals carrying the virus have yet been detected through these screenings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the World Health Organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956030/efficacy-of-sfo-screenings-for-new-virus-questioned\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recommends against\u003c/a> traveler screening. “It is generally considered that entry screening offers little benefit, while requiring considerable resources,” said WHO officials in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/ith/2020-0901_outbreak_of_Pneumonia_caused_by_a_new_coronavirus_in_C/en/\">press release\u003c/a> on Jan. 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first U.S. case of coronavirus was confirmed in a man who had returned from Wuhan on an indirect flight on Jan. 15 and was not experiencing symptoms at the time. After the patient sought medical care, the CDC conducted lab testing that confirmed the diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is currently no vaccine for the virus, which requires a lab test to confirm. The CDC hopes to make testing faster and more accessible by sharing the test with partners across the country and worldwide in the coming days and weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said Thursday at a press conference that while the epidemic was clearly a crisis in China, “it has not yet become a global health emergency. It may yet become one.” The organization defines a global emergency as an “extraordinary event” that constitutes a risk to other countries and requires a coordinated international response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>New information is being reported about the coronavirus that emerged in China in December and causes respiratory symptoms such as pneumonia — heightening concerns about its potential threat to humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Chinese authorities reported that the total caseload has risen to over 200, roughly tripling the previous number. In addition, authorities in Wuhan, where the virus was first reported, confirmed a third death but did not release details except to say that the three victims, all men, had prior illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health authorities believe that the virus probably originated in an as yet unidentified animal species and was transmitted to humans by contact with animals at a live animal market in the central city of Wuhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The World Health Organization tweeted on January 19: “An animal source seems the most likely primary source of this novel \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/coronavirus?src=hashtag_click\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#coronavirus\u003c/a> (2019-nCoV) outbreak, with some limited human-to-human transmission occurring between close contacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11796670\" label=\"More on this Topic\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Zhong Nanshan, the epidemiologist who leads the committee on the outbreak for China’s National Health Commission, gave a TV interview stating there was evidence of human-to-human transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China’s National Health Commission also confirmed that there has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-01/20/c_138721762.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">infection of medical staff.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The World Health Organization will convene an Emergency Committee on Wednesday to determine if the outbreak “constitutes a public health emergency of international concern” — and if so, what measures should be taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, President Xi Jinping gave an interview to the state-run Xinhua News Agency in which he called on officials to “release outbreak information in a timely manner and deepen international cooperation.” Cases have been reported outside China in Japan, Thailand and South Korea in individuals who had visited Wuhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/people/our-faculty/wil2001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Ian Lipkin\u003c/a>, director of the Center for Infection and Immunity at Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, notes that “We don’t have evidence of clusters in distant geographic locations as we did with SARS. This is what we would anticipate if the virus were highly transmissible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lipkin, who assisted the World Health Organization and China during the 2003 outbreak of SARS, which is also a coronavirus, says that the symptoms of the Wuhan coronavirus — fever, cough and difficulty breathing — are similar to the symptoms for SARS, which originated in southern China in 2002, infected more than 7,000 people globally and caused some 800 deaths before the outbreak ended the following year. Since 2004, there have been no known cases of SARS, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another coronavirus of concern, MERS, emerged in 2012 in Saudi Arabia, appears to spread less easily between people. To date it has infected some 2,500 people and caused approximately 850 deaths, according to the World Health Organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no approved vaccines to prevent these diseases, says Lipkin. “If you have good diagnostic tests and can identify people and animals that have been infected, you can isolate them and contain an outbreak,” he says. “That’s something that’s already being done in Wuhan by closing the seafood market. But once things start spreading from human to human, it becomes more difficult to [contain the outbreak].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus+In+China%3A+Over+200+Cases%2C+Human-To-Human+Transmission&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>New information is being reported about the coronavirus that emerged in China in December and causes respiratory symptoms such as pneumonia — heightening concerns about its potential threat to humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Chinese authorities reported that the total caseload has risen to over 200, roughly tripling the previous number. In addition, authorities in Wuhan, where the virus was first reported, confirmed a third death but did not release details except to say that the three victims, all men, had prior illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health authorities believe that the virus probably originated in an as yet unidentified animal species and was transmitted to humans by contact with animals at a live animal market in the central city of Wuhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The World Health Organization tweeted on January 19: “An animal source seems the most likely primary source of this novel \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/coronavirus?src=hashtag_click\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#coronavirus\u003c/a> (2019-nCoV) outbreak, with some limited human-to-human transmission occurring between close contacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Zhong Nanshan, the epidemiologist who leads the committee on the outbreak for China’s National Health Commission, gave a TV interview stating there was evidence of human-to-human transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China’s National Health Commission also confirmed that there has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-01/20/c_138721762.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">infection of medical staff.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The World Health Organization will convene an Emergency Committee on Wednesday to determine if the outbreak “constitutes a public health emergency of international concern” — and if so, what measures should be taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, President Xi Jinping gave an interview to the state-run Xinhua News Agency in which he called on officials to “release outbreak information in a timely manner and deepen international cooperation.” Cases have been reported outside China in Japan, Thailand and South Korea in individuals who had visited Wuhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/people/our-faculty/wil2001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Ian Lipkin\u003c/a>, director of the Center for Infection and Immunity at Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, notes that “We don’t have evidence of clusters in distant geographic locations as we did with SARS. This is what we would anticipate if the virus were highly transmissible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lipkin, who assisted the World Health Organization and China during the 2003 outbreak of SARS, which is also a coronavirus, says that the symptoms of the Wuhan coronavirus — fever, cough and difficulty breathing — are similar to the symptoms for SARS, which originated in southern China in 2002, infected more than 7,000 people globally and caused some 800 deaths before the outbreak ended the following year. Since 2004, there have been no known cases of SARS, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another coronavirus of concern, MERS, emerged in 2012 in Saudi Arabia, appears to spread less easily between people. To date it has infected some 2,500 people and caused approximately 850 deaths, according to the World Health Organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no approved vaccines to prevent these diseases, says Lipkin. “If you have good diagnostic tests and can identify people and animals that have been infected, you can isolate them and contain an outbreak,” he says. “That’s something that’s already being done in Wuhan by closing the seafood market. But once things start spreading from human to human, it becomes more difficult to [contain the outbreak].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus+In+China%3A+Over+200+Cases%2C+Human-To-Human+Transmission&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Much of California’s water supply is a hidden asset: Deep below the surface, rocks, gravel and sand store water like a sponge, in an underground zone called an aquifer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote] Managers for 21 ‘critically overdrafted’ basins have a Jan. 31 deadline to submit groundwater management plans. [/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In dry years, this groundwater has been tapped to save farms, keep grass green and provide drinking water to millions of Californians. But over time, people have taken more water out than nature has put back in. Estimates vary, but according to the U.S. Geological Survey, California pumped 41 trillion gallons of water fom the ground in about 100 years, through 2013. In some parts of the Central Valley, that means land has been dropping \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ca-water-ls/science/land-subsidence-san-joaquin-valley?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">around a foot a year\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The landmark \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a>, or SGMA, requires some of the state’s thirstiest areas form local “Groundwater Sustainability Agencies” and submit long-term plans by Jan. 31 for keeping aquifers healthy. Together, those plans will add up to a big reveal, as g\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">roundwater managers finally disclose how badly they believe their aquifers are overdrawn, and a collective picture emerges. It’s a major shift and arguably the most important new California water law in 50 years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are some key things to know about the groundwater situation in California and how the law will impact the state. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Until six years ago, California did not routinely regulate or monitor groundwater. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The California Constitution decrees that water use has to be reasonable and beneficial, but the state has placed few limits on how water can be pumped from the ground. A 1914 law empowering the state water board to manage the resource omitted groundwater. You can blame the lack of regulation partly on 18th-century Spanish colonists who brought with them the idea that a landowner is entitled to all of the water below the surface, without any obligation to share it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the beginning of the 20th century, water was still plentiful in California, and the idea of unfettered access to groundwater made sense in a state lush with wetlands. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So for the last century, landowners continued to think of groundwater as pretty much a birthright. It’s become an essential component of California’s water portfolio: S\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tate officials say 30 million residents rely on groundwater for at least some portion of their drinking supply, and i\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n the driest years, people keep basically sticking a straw into the earth to slake their thirst. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Water at the surface is connected to the water hidden below. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The water from California’s rivers and streams, along with rainwater, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">seeps into the ground, where it remains among the rocks, gravel and sand. Between these surface and sub-surface supplies lies the water table, which is what hydrologists call the top of the area that has been saturated underground. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using too much groundwater affects not only surface water supplies but also entire ecosystems. Pumping from the earth deep enough to suck water out can lower the groundwater table and dry out surface soils. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rivers and streams feed more than 500 aquifers around California. Less than a quarter of these account for the overwhelming majority of groundwater pumping. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>In these basins, this landmark law already has begun to transform the Central Valley. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For decades, farmers fought the regulation and monitoring of groundwater tooth and nail. Now that it’s here, SGMA has already begun to change the region’s economy and landscape, as some farmers have sold or fallowed land in antipation of the coming changes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Public Policy Institute of California \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/water-and-the-future-of-the-san-joaquin-valley/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">predicts\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that agricultural interests may have to let 750,000 acres of land go fallow, mostly in parts of the San Joaquin Valley where the most severe overpumping has occurred.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Farmers may also have to cycle current crops out for those requiring less water. For example, almonds are water-intensive but have been profitable in recent years; those margins would change if water becomes much more expensive than it is now. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Some local water managers have a lot of work to show by the end of the month. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are 21 “critically overdrafted” basins for which officials must submit groundwater management plans by Jan. 31. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In each area where people have habitually pumped more than has come back in, local water managers have to figure out how much they’ve taken from underground, and how water at the surface replenishes those stores. Each region has to propose ways to monitor groundwater over multiple intervals: day-to-day, short-term, seasonal, and yearslong. Basically, they’re creating monitoring systems, in some cases from scratch, to help determine whether conditions are changing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The groundwater plans are built around models for how to share water in a way that’s sustainable by 2040. Each one can be a little different, but local managers and the state have to check up on every single one and meet interim deadlines every five years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\">Department of Water Resources\u003c/a> can accept the plans as is or ask for tweaks. DWR can also refer the plans to the state water board for intervention, meaning that local officials may have to try again if the state judges a plan unlikely to succeed. In extreme cases, the state may have to step in to settle disputes over local rights.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This isn’t just a Valley problem.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Balancing aquifers like bank accounts will cost money and effort in the Bay Area and other parts of the state. Two years from now, managers for dozens more groundwater basins with state-designated risk ratings of high or medium must submit their own plans to the State Water Resources Control Board. They include water managers in Sonoma, Napa, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though these plans will take years to come into focus, plenty of political decisions remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State requirements for sustainable regional groundwater management haven’t taken away anyone’s rights; the rules have changed how localities must meet their water needs from now on. Even the plans submitted by the locally formed groundwater agencies that will meet this year’s deadline haven’t absolutely nailed down who gets to use what in the future. The coming decisions and politics about water may be tense, but the alternative is that one day, wells could run dry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The landmark Sustainable Groundwater Management Act aims to keep aquifers healthy by requiring plans from newly formed local agencies. The policy represents a major shift, mandated by arguably the most important new California water law in 50 years. ",
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"title": "Time's Up on Groundwater Plans: One of the Most Important New California Water Laws in 50 Years Explained | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Much of California’s water supply is a hidden asset: Deep below the surface, rocks, gravel and sand store water like a sponge, in an underground zone called an aquifer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": " Managers for 21 ‘critically overdrafted’ basins have a Jan. 31 deadline to submit groundwater management plans. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In dry years, this groundwater has been tapped to save farms, keep grass green and provide drinking water to millions of Californians. But over time, people have taken more water out than nature has put back in. Estimates vary, but according to the U.S. Geological Survey, California pumped 41 trillion gallons of water fom the ground in about 100 years, through 2013. In some parts of the Central Valley, that means land has been dropping \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ca-water-ls/science/land-subsidence-san-joaquin-valley?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">around a foot a year\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The landmark \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a>, or SGMA, requires some of the state’s thirstiest areas form local “Groundwater Sustainability Agencies” and submit long-term plans by Jan. 31 for keeping aquifers healthy. Together, those plans will add up to a big reveal, as g\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">roundwater managers finally disclose how badly they believe their aquifers are overdrawn, and a collective picture emerges. It’s a major shift and arguably the most important new California water law in 50 years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are some key things to know about the groundwater situation in California and how the law will impact the state. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Until six years ago, California did not routinely regulate or monitor groundwater. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The California Constitution decrees that water use has to be reasonable and beneficial, but the state has placed few limits on how water can be pumped from the ground. A 1914 law empowering the state water board to manage the resource omitted groundwater. You can blame the lack of regulation partly on 18th-century Spanish colonists who brought with them the idea that a landowner is entitled to all of the water below the surface, without any obligation to share it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the beginning of the 20th century, water was still plentiful in California, and the idea of unfettered access to groundwater made sense in a state lush with wetlands. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So for the last century, landowners continued to think of groundwater as pretty much a birthright. It’s become an essential component of California’s water portfolio: S\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tate officials say 30 million residents rely on groundwater for at least some portion of their drinking supply, and i\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n the driest years, people keep basically sticking a straw into the earth to slake their thirst. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Water at the surface is connected to the water hidden below. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The water from California’s rivers and streams, along with rainwater, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">seeps into the ground, where it remains among the rocks, gravel and sand. Between these surface and sub-surface supplies lies the water table, which is what hydrologists call the top of the area that has been saturated underground. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using too much groundwater affects not only surface water supplies but also entire ecosystems. Pumping from the earth deep enough to suck water out can lower the groundwater table and dry out surface soils. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rivers and streams feed more than 500 aquifers around California. Less than a quarter of these account for the overwhelming majority of groundwater pumping. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>In these basins, this landmark law already has begun to transform the Central Valley. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For decades, farmers fought the regulation and monitoring of groundwater tooth and nail. Now that it’s here, SGMA has already begun to change the region’s economy and landscape, as some farmers have sold or fallowed land in antipation of the coming changes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Public Policy Institute of California \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/water-and-the-future-of-the-san-joaquin-valley/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">predicts\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that agricultural interests may have to let 750,000 acres of land go fallow, mostly in parts of the San Joaquin Valley where the most severe overpumping has occurred.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Farmers may also have to cycle current crops out for those requiring less water. For example, almonds are water-intensive but have been profitable in recent years; those margins would change if water becomes much more expensive than it is now. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Some local water managers have a lot of work to show by the end of the month. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are 21 “critically overdrafted” basins for which officials must submit groundwater management plans by Jan. 31. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In each area where people have habitually pumped more than has come back in, local water managers have to figure out how much they’ve taken from underground, and how water at the surface replenishes those stores. Each region has to propose ways to monitor groundwater over multiple intervals: day-to-day, short-term, seasonal, and yearslong. Basically, they’re creating monitoring systems, in some cases from scratch, to help determine whether conditions are changing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The groundwater plans are built around models for how to share water in a way that’s sustainable by 2040. Each one can be a little different, but local managers and the state have to check up on every single one and meet interim deadlines every five years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\">Department of Water Resources\u003c/a> can accept the plans as is or ask for tweaks. DWR can also refer the plans to the state water board for intervention, meaning that local officials may have to try again if the state judges a plan unlikely to succeed. In extreme cases, the state may have to step in to settle disputes over local rights.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This isn’t just a Valley problem.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Balancing aquifers like bank accounts will cost money and effort in the Bay Area and other parts of the state. Two years from now, managers for dozens more groundwater basins with state-designated risk ratings of high or medium must submit their own plans to the State Water Resources Control Board. They include water managers in Sonoma, Napa, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though these plans will take years to come into focus, plenty of political decisions remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State requirements for sustainable regional groundwater management haven’t taken away anyone’s rights; the rules have changed how localities must meet their water needs from now on. Even the plans submitted by the locally formed groundwater agencies that will meet this year’s deadline haven’t absolutely nailed down who gets to use what in the future. The coming decisions and politics about water may be tense, but the alternative is that one day, wells could run dry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California Sues Federal Government Over Central Valley Drilling Proposal",
"headTitle": "California Sues Federal Government Over Central Valley Drilling Proposal | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>California on Friday officially \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/1%20Complaint.pdf\">challenged\u003c/a> a Trump administration plan to open up more than a million acres of public land in the state to fossil fuel development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, the Bureau of Land Management \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951605/its-official-feds-open-up-central-california-to-more-drilling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">finalized\u003c/a> a fracking and drilling plan that spans eight counties in Central California, ending a federal moratorium on new leases in the state. The proposal includes land in Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Tulare, and Ventura Counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra called the federal plan “half-baked” and “misguided” and says it conflicts with California policy of reducing emissions of planet- warming gases 40% by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the big concerns is this would set us back in our goals to address emissions of greenhouse gases,” Becerra said. “But it goes far beyond that. This is an issue of health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit is the latest action in California’s ongoing fight with the Trump administration over energy and climate policy. The state is aggressively scaling back fossil fuel extraction, increasing oversight of drilling operations and pursuing ambitious climate targets. At the same time, the Trump administration is seeking to expand drilling on public land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re talking about a million acres in California, federal public land, that this administration wants to open up to a process which is now substantiated to pose lots of risks,” Becerra said. “When you try to move forward with the plan that you didn’t run through the process properly, according to the law — whether it’s the environmental law, or our procedures law — we’re going to take action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California contends that more drilling will damage ecologically sensitive areas and endanger millions of Californians by contributing additional pollution in places already choked by dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra said that the risks to the state are too high to ignore. “One in every four children in the Central Valley suffers from asthma,” he said. “And all the issues that would confound our ability to protect the health of residents in the state are involved. It’s not just the risk of asthma, but heart disease, lung disease, cancer, all those things go up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra says the plan is based on “incorrect assumptions” about the amount of fracking that could take place on public lands, and that energy companies have shown little to no interest in the locations proposed, a point on which industry experts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951384/california-is-phasing-out-fossil-fuels-trump-wants-to-expand-drilling-somethings-gotta-give\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agree\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the BLM’s Central California District, Serena Baker, said in an emailed statement that the bureau received a copy of the lawsuit and is reviewing it. The agency’s environmental analysis relied on the best available science, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that the environmental impact of any new drilling project would be “addressed at the site or project-specific level in subsequent tiered environmental analysis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“BLM manages less than 10% of oil and gas operations in California with the state managing the remaining 90%,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom co-signed the lawsuit, which the state filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California, along with the California Air Resources Board, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the California Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, BLM released a separate plan that opened up nearly 800,000 acres of the state’s Central Coast plus land in Alameda and Contra Costa counties for gas and oil extraction. California has not sued the agency over this plan, but conservation groups, led by the Center for Biological Diversity, have filed suit over both drilling plans.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said the federal plan conflicts with the state's goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California on Friday officially \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/1%20Complaint.pdf\">challenged\u003c/a> a Trump administration plan to open up more than a million acres of public land in the state to fossil fuel development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, the Bureau of Land Management \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951605/its-official-feds-open-up-central-california-to-more-drilling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">finalized\u003c/a> a fracking and drilling plan that spans eight counties in Central California, ending a federal moratorium on new leases in the state. The proposal includes land in Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Tulare, and Ventura Counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra called the federal plan “half-baked” and “misguided” and says it conflicts with California policy of reducing emissions of planet- warming gases 40% by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the big concerns is this would set us back in our goals to address emissions of greenhouse gases,” Becerra said. “But it goes far beyond that. This is an issue of health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit is the latest action in California’s ongoing fight with the Trump administration over energy and climate policy. The state is aggressively scaling back fossil fuel extraction, increasing oversight of drilling operations and pursuing ambitious climate targets. At the same time, the Trump administration is seeking to expand drilling on public land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re talking about a million acres in California, federal public land, that this administration wants to open up to a process which is now substantiated to pose lots of risks,” Becerra said. “When you try to move forward with the plan that you didn’t run through the process properly, according to the law — whether it’s the environmental law, or our procedures law — we’re going to take action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California contends that more drilling will damage ecologically sensitive areas and endanger millions of Californians by contributing additional pollution in places already choked by dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra said that the risks to the state are too high to ignore. “One in every four children in the Central Valley suffers from asthma,” he said. “And all the issues that would confound our ability to protect the health of residents in the state are involved. It’s not just the risk of asthma, but heart disease, lung disease, cancer, all those things go up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra says the plan is based on “incorrect assumptions” about the amount of fracking that could take place on public lands, and that energy companies have shown little to no interest in the locations proposed, a point on which industry experts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951384/california-is-phasing-out-fossil-fuels-trump-wants-to-expand-drilling-somethings-gotta-give\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agree\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the BLM’s Central California District, Serena Baker, said in an emailed statement that the bureau received a copy of the lawsuit and is reviewing it. The agency’s environmental analysis relied on the best available science, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that the environmental impact of any new drilling project would be “addressed at the site or project-specific level in subsequent tiered environmental analysis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“BLM manages less than 10% of oil and gas operations in California with the state managing the remaining 90%,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom co-signed the lawsuit, which the state filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California, along with the California Air Resources Board, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the California Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, BLM released a separate plan that opened up nearly 800,000 acres of the state’s Central Coast plus land in Alameda and Contra Costa counties for gas and oil extraction. California has not sued the agency over this plan, but conservation groups, led by the Center for Biological Diversity, have filed suit over both drilling plans.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Yosemite Confirms 2 Cases of Norovirus, Investigating 170 Reports of Illness",
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"content": "\u003cp>Yosemite National Park is investigating about 170 reports of gastrointestinal illnesses and has confirmed two cases of norovirus, officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service began investigating after visitors and employees started reporting falling ill — most of them in early January. Most of the cases are consistent with norovirus, although some might have had food poisoning or the flu, the park said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've had very few (cases) the last week or so,\" park spokesman Scott Gediman said Thursday. \"We're hoping that we're over the hump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Norovirus is highly contagious and can be spread through direct contact with an infected person, touching a contaminated surface or eating or drinking contaminated food. It can cause vomiting and diarrhea and its symptoms are especially severe for elderly people, young children and those with health issues. Symptoms surface within 12-48 hours after exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year, norovirus causes 19 to 21 million cases of acute gastroenteritis on average in the U.S. and is the leading cause of foodborne illness nationwide, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/trends-outbreaks/burden-US.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park officials and medical staff with the National Park Service Office of Public Health are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/yosemite-national-park-reports-multiple-cases-of-gastrointestinal-illness.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">looking into\u003c/a> the circumstances surrounding the current illnesses and are interviewing affected people, but haven't determined the origin of the outbreak or whether people who got sick contracted something inside or outside of the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the people who fell ill had spent some time in Yosemite Valley, where park offices, visitor services, snack shops, hotels and restaurants are clustered. Park authorities haven't tested food or facilities for traces of norovirus, but Gediman said that they and concession operators have been working to clean and disinfect public buildings, including the famous Ahwahnee hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='yosemite' label='related coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hotel's operator, Aramark Corporation, didn't respond to specific questions about the reports of illness but said in a statement that it shared the Park Service’s \"confidence that all parties are taking the necessary steps to address the situation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aramark.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aramark\u003c/a>, which has managed Yosemite’s concessions since 2016, has been criticized for poor food quality and other problems, the San Francisco Chronicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/170-Yosemite-Valley-visitors-fall-fill-14982216.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, \u003ca href=\"https://www.outsideonline.com/1930876/death-yosemite-story-behind-last-summers-hantavirus-outbreak\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an outbreak of the hantavirus\u003c/a>, which is spread through mouse droppings, killed three people who stayed at the park's Curry Village tent cabins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Yosemite National Park is investigating about 170 reports of gastrointestinal illnesses and has confirmed two cases of norovirus, officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service began investigating after visitors and employees started reporting falling ill — most of them in early January. Most of the cases are consistent with norovirus, although some might have had food poisoning or the flu, the park said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've had very few (cases) the last week or so,\" park spokesman Scott Gediman said Thursday. \"We're hoping that we're over the hump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Norovirus is highly contagious and can be spread through direct contact with an infected person, touching a contaminated surface or eating or drinking contaminated food. It can cause vomiting and diarrhea and its symptoms are especially severe for elderly people, young children and those with health issues. Symptoms surface within 12-48 hours after exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year, norovirus causes 19 to 21 million cases of acute gastroenteritis on average in the U.S. and is the leading cause of foodborne illness nationwide, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/trends-outbreaks/burden-US.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park officials and medical staff with the National Park Service Office of Public Health are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/yosemite-national-park-reports-multiple-cases-of-gastrointestinal-illness.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">looking into\u003c/a> the circumstances surrounding the current illnesses and are interviewing affected people, but haven't determined the origin of the outbreak or whether people who got sick contracted something inside or outside of the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the people who fell ill had spent some time in Yosemite Valley, where park offices, visitor services, snack shops, hotels and restaurants are clustered. Park authorities haven't tested food or facilities for traces of norovirus, but Gediman said that they and concession operators have been working to clean and disinfect public buildings, including the famous Ahwahnee hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hotel's operator, Aramark Corporation, didn't respond to specific questions about the reports of illness but said in a statement that it shared the Park Service’s \"confidence that all parties are taking the necessary steps to address the situation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aramark.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aramark\u003c/a>, which has managed Yosemite’s concessions since 2016, has been criticized for poor food quality and other problems, the San Francisco Chronicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/170-Yosemite-Valley-visitors-fall-fill-14982216.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, \u003ca href=\"https://www.outsideonline.com/1930876/death-yosemite-story-behind-last-summers-hantavirus-outbreak\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an outbreak of the hantavirus\u003c/a>, which is spread through mouse droppings, killed three people who stayed at the park's Curry Village tent cabins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Thousands of Dead Birds, Washed Up on Pacific Coast, Linked to Ocean Heat Wave",
"headTitle": "Thousands of Dead Birds, Washed Up on Pacific Coast, Linked to Ocean Heat Wave | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>David Irons was driving past a beach in Whittier, Alaska, on New Year’s Day four years ago when something caught his eye. It was an endless line of white lumps near the water’s edge—piles of something that shouldn’t be there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were dead sea birds, and the bodies were everywhere. “I just couldn’t believe it,” said Irons, a recently retired biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. “We started counting them, and we just counted a section and we got to 1,500.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, he and his wife, son and a friend found 8,000 dead birds on a beach about a mile long. A dead zone of common murres—a species known for its resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For almost a year, people had been reporting finding dead common murres up and down the Pacific coastline, from California to Alaska. From the summer of 2015 through the spring of 2016, about 62,000 washed ashore, part of a mass species die-off that scientists are attributing to an extreme marine heat wave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955900\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 648px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955900\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/common-murre-die-off-700_david-irons-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"648\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/common-murre-die-off-700_david-irons-1.jpg 648w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/common-murre-die-off-700_david-irons-1-160x213.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 648px) 100vw, 648px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Irons found about 8,000 common murres dead on a beach in Whittier, Alaska, in 2016. The ordinarily highly adaptive and resilient birds had starved to death. \u003ccite>(David Irons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0226087\">study\u003c/a> published Wednesday in the journal PLOS ONE, a group of scientists from various state and federal agencies, universities and bird rescue organizations documented the die-off and concluded from the data that it was caused by a record-breaking ocean heat wave in 2014 through 2016 that triggered systemic changes throughout the ocean ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors estimate that 1 million common murres died during the period, an event they called “unprecedented and astounding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The common murres weren’t the only species to experience mass die-offs during this time—\u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29052019/puffin-deaths-arctic-climate-change-alaska-wildlife-biodiversity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tufted puffins\u003c/a>\u003c/u>, Cassin’s auklets, sea lions and baleen whales died, too. But what the scientists document is by far the largest die-off, one they say was caused by disturbances rippling across the food web, a result in part of ocean warming from \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/topic/climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">climate change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oceans are warming at a rapidly increasing pace, \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/14012020/ocean-heat-2019-warmest-year-argo-hurricanes-corals-marine-animals-heatwaves\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a study\u003c/a>\u003c/u> published earlier this week showed, and last year registered the hottest ocean temperatures on record. As that heat builds up, it’s having devastating consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I heard the numbers of birds being killed in California and Oregon and Washington and many areas of Alaska, as that unfolded, it was biblical to me,” said John Piatt, a biologist with the U.S. Geological Survey who was the lead author of the new paper on the bird deaths and has been studying common murres for 40 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This bird doesn’t fail unless there aren’t enough high density patches of food to serve their high demand needs. And that’s rare,” Piatt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Death Toll Grows\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As reports came in from up and down the Pacific coast, Piatt was perplexed. Common murres are known for their ability to adapt. “Murres are the ultimate predator—they’re extremely well adapted, they can dive to 200 meters, and they live on the Continental Shelf,” he said. “Anywhere along there is their domain. And they’re the fastest flying sea bird.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet murres were washing in with the tides—sometimes 10 birds at a time, sometimes 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Irons’ discovery on New Year’s Day, everything changed, said Julia Parrish, a biologist at the University of Washington who leads the Coastal Observation and Seabird Survey Team and was a co-author of the study. Federal agencies started to get involved and were able to fly along the coastline and send more people to conduct surveys.\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955899 alignleft\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Common-Murre-Populations.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"529\" height=\"770\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Common-Murre-Populations.png 529w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Common-Murre-Populations-160x233.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveys in the Gulf of Alaska conducted by the Interior Department turned up more than 20,000 dead murres, and the public reported 21,435 more to the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scientists reached out to bird and rehabilitation centers from southern California to Alaska and found that, out of 66 that responded, 37 reported receiving injured or dead murres—a total of 3,365 birds. The body count ticked higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Investigation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing the scientists needed to know was whether these deaths indicated a danger for human health. Were the birds carrying a disease? A toxin?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carcasses were shipped to the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Wildlife Health Center in Madison, Wisconsin. “They did all sorts of analyses for viral and bacterial diseases, toxins in the tissues,” Parrish said. “We’re trying to eliminate smoking guns. But all of those things—not found. No parasites, nothing we can hang our hat on. But there was lots of emaciation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many of his peers, Piatt was aware that these deaths were happening at the same time that the ocean was experiencing a record high heat wave, exacerbated by a ridge of high pressure on the West Coast that scientists were calling “the Blob.” But still, he wondered, “What could account for a decline in the food supply from California to the Bering Sea all at the same time?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get the answer, the scientists started ruling things out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first question: Could the fish that the murres eat have moved elsewhere in response to the warmer water? It’s well understood that fish respond in specific ways when the ocean temperature changes, sometimes moving north, south or deeper down. “But the thing is, murres can go anywhere in a matter of hours,” Piatt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers also looked into whether overfishing could be the answer, but that didn’t hold water, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, they investigated whether the fish were surviving from egg to larvae. Some juvenile stock were failing, sure, but not enough to explain the large number of starving birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Piatt kept looking into it, he said he got pushback from some in the field who wanted to know how, in the absence of a clear explanation, he could still believe it was a single event that caused the birds to starve to death. But Piatt said, “There has never been such a thing. You really think that it’s a coincidence that they’re dying down there and dying up here? It’s connected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-image_centered_medium\">\u003cstrong>\u003cstrong>Finally, Some Answers\u003c/strong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-image_centered_medium\">Piatt began researching how water temperature can change the food supply. He started looking from the bottom up: What were the food sources that the fish were eating? He found that as the water had warmed, phytoplankton and zooplankton, the smallest ocean organisms that provide the base of the food web, had changed.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-image_centered_medium\">\n\u003cp>“The older, fatter, nutritionally richer zooplankton were replaced by southerly or offshore species that weren’t as big and nutritionally rich,” Piatt said. “This was observed in the Gulf of Alaska and off California and in various studies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, Piatt dove into studies that found that when water gets hotter, fish like cod, flounder, pollock and hake respond by increasing their metabolism. “If you turn up the temperature by a couple degrees, they have to double their food intake,” Piatt said. “It’s a huge deal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out that those fish feed on the same prey as the murres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the murres have an Achilles heel: They have to eat more than half their body mass every day. Based on their normal diet in Alaska, that’s typically 60-120 fatty forage fish every day—double that, if only leaner prey is available. By comparison, cod of similar size to a murre would only need to eat about 0.4-1.5 percent of their body mass per day—just 1 to 3 fatty fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The double-whammy caused by warming waters—less nutritionally rich food sources and more competition for the food available—is what Piatt and his co-authors hypothesize led to the common murres deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If murres can’t fully meet their food demand every day, their body condition begins to decline quickly. “If they can’t find \u003cem>any\u003c/em> food for 3-5 days, they will die of starvation,” the authors write in the new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Caused the Marine Heat Wave\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extreme heat in the ocean from 2014-2016 was a result of several factors. Piatt describes it like a step ladder:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>At the base is the ocean getting warmer due to global warming. Global warming contributed about 25 percent of the warming in the heat wave.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Next, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, a recurring pattern of ocean-atmosphere climate variability that leads to periods of warming in the mid-latitude Pacific—that contributed about 35 percent of the heat.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>As part of that, there was a strong El Niño from 2015-2016, which led to warming from California’s coast up to Alaska’s.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“If you remove all those signals you’ll see about a quarter of the heat is still unaccounted for, said Piatt. “That’s the Blob.” The Blob developed when a ridge of high pressure formed over the land on the northwestern coast of North America and blocked airflow from the Pacific to the interior, trapping heat over the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the biggest marine heat wave so far on record,” said Thomas Frölicher, a climate scientist at the University of Bern in Switzerland who was not involved in the new study. “Usually, we are used to heat waves over land. They are much smaller in size, and they do not last as long. In the ocean, this heat wave lasted two or three years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past 35 years, marine heat waves have doubled in frequency, Frölicher said. And as global temperatures continue to rise, they will become even more commonplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we follow a high-greenhouse-gas-emissions scenario, these heat waves will become \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0383-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">50 times more frequent\u003c/a> than preindustrial times” by 2100, Frölicher said. A low-emissions scenario, consistent with the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/tags/paris-climate-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paris climate agreement\u003c/a>, would still see 20 times more heat waves, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What that means is that in some regions, they will become permanent heat waves,” he said. The mass deaths of common murres suggests what that may look like. “This gives us some insight into the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A new study unravels the mystery of what caused so many of these normally resilient seabirds to starve amid an ocean heat wave fueled in part by global warming.",
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"description": "A new study unravels the mystery of what caused so many of these normally resilient seabirds to starve amid an ocean heat wave fueled in part by global warming.",
"title": "Thousands of Dead Birds, Washed Up on Pacific Coast, Linked to Ocean Heat Wave | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>David Irons was driving past a beach in Whittier, Alaska, on New Year’s Day four years ago when something caught his eye. It was an endless line of white lumps near the water’s edge—piles of something that shouldn’t be there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were dead sea birds, and the bodies were everywhere. “I just couldn’t believe it,” said Irons, a recently retired biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. “We started counting them, and we just counted a section and we got to 1,500.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, he and his wife, son and a friend found 8,000 dead birds on a beach about a mile long. A dead zone of common murres—a species known for its resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For almost a year, people had been reporting finding dead common murres up and down the Pacific coastline, from California to Alaska. From the summer of 2015 through the spring of 2016, about 62,000 washed ashore, part of a mass species die-off that scientists are attributing to an extreme marine heat wave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955900\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 648px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955900\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/common-murre-die-off-700_david-irons-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"648\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/common-murre-die-off-700_david-irons-1.jpg 648w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/common-murre-die-off-700_david-irons-1-160x213.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 648px) 100vw, 648px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Irons found about 8,000 common murres dead on a beach in Whittier, Alaska, in 2016. The ordinarily highly adaptive and resilient birds had starved to death. \u003ccite>(David Irons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0226087\">study\u003c/a> published Wednesday in the journal PLOS ONE, a group of scientists from various state and federal agencies, universities and bird rescue organizations documented the die-off and concluded from the data that it was caused by a record-breaking ocean heat wave in 2014 through 2016 that triggered systemic changes throughout the ocean ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors estimate that 1 million common murres died during the period, an event they called “unprecedented and astounding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The common murres weren’t the only species to experience mass die-offs during this time—\u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29052019/puffin-deaths-arctic-climate-change-alaska-wildlife-biodiversity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tufted puffins\u003c/a>\u003c/u>, Cassin’s auklets, sea lions and baleen whales died, too. But what the scientists document is by far the largest die-off, one they say was caused by disturbances rippling across the food web, a result in part of ocean warming from \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/topic/climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">climate change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oceans are warming at a rapidly increasing pace, \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/14012020/ocean-heat-2019-warmest-year-argo-hurricanes-corals-marine-animals-heatwaves\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a study\u003c/a>\u003c/u> published earlier this week showed, and last year registered the hottest ocean temperatures on record. As that heat builds up, it’s having devastating consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I heard the numbers of birds being killed in California and Oregon and Washington and many areas of Alaska, as that unfolded, it was biblical to me,” said John Piatt, a biologist with the U.S. Geological Survey who was the lead author of the new paper on the bird deaths and has been studying common murres for 40 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This bird doesn’t fail unless there aren’t enough high density patches of food to serve their high demand needs. And that’s rare,” Piatt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Death Toll Grows\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As reports came in from up and down the Pacific coast, Piatt was perplexed. Common murres are known for their ability to adapt. “Murres are the ultimate predator—they’re extremely well adapted, they can dive to 200 meters, and they live on the Continental Shelf,” he said. “Anywhere along there is their domain. And they’re the fastest flying sea bird.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet murres were washing in with the tides—sometimes 10 birds at a time, sometimes 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Irons’ discovery on New Year’s Day, everything changed, said Julia Parrish, a biologist at the University of Washington who leads the Coastal Observation and Seabird Survey Team and was a co-author of the study. Federal agencies started to get involved and were able to fly along the coastline and send more people to conduct surveys.\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955899 alignleft\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Common-Murre-Populations.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"529\" height=\"770\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Common-Murre-Populations.png 529w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Common-Murre-Populations-160x233.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveys in the Gulf of Alaska conducted by the Interior Department turned up more than 20,000 dead murres, and the public reported 21,435 more to the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scientists reached out to bird and rehabilitation centers from southern California to Alaska and found that, out of 66 that responded, 37 reported receiving injured or dead murres—a total of 3,365 birds. The body count ticked higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Investigation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing the scientists needed to know was whether these deaths indicated a danger for human health. Were the birds carrying a disease? A toxin?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carcasses were shipped to the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Wildlife Health Center in Madison, Wisconsin. “They did all sorts of analyses for viral and bacterial diseases, toxins in the tissues,” Parrish said. “We’re trying to eliminate smoking guns. But all of those things—not found. No parasites, nothing we can hang our hat on. But there was lots of emaciation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many of his peers, Piatt was aware that these deaths were happening at the same time that the ocean was experiencing a record high heat wave, exacerbated by a ridge of high pressure on the West Coast that scientists were calling “the Blob.” But still, he wondered, “What could account for a decline in the food supply from California to the Bering Sea all at the same time?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get the answer, the scientists started ruling things out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first question: Could the fish that the murres eat have moved elsewhere in response to the warmer water? It’s well understood that fish respond in specific ways when the ocean temperature changes, sometimes moving north, south or deeper down. “But the thing is, murres can go anywhere in a matter of hours,” Piatt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers also looked into whether overfishing could be the answer, but that didn’t hold water, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, they investigated whether the fish were surviving from egg to larvae. Some juvenile stock were failing, sure, but not enough to explain the large number of starving birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Piatt kept looking into it, he said he got pushback from some in the field who wanted to know how, in the absence of a clear explanation, he could still believe it was a single event that caused the birds to starve to death. But Piatt said, “There has never been such a thing. You really think that it’s a coincidence that they’re dying down there and dying up here? It’s connected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-image_centered_medium\">\u003cstrong>\u003cstrong>Finally, Some Answers\u003c/strong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-image_centered_medium\">Piatt began researching how water temperature can change the food supply. He started looking from the bottom up: What were the food sources that the fish were eating? He found that as the water had warmed, phytoplankton and zooplankton, the smallest ocean organisms that provide the base of the food web, had changed.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-image_centered_medium\">\n\u003cp>“The older, fatter, nutritionally richer zooplankton were replaced by southerly or offshore species that weren’t as big and nutritionally rich,” Piatt said. “This was observed in the Gulf of Alaska and off California and in various studies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, Piatt dove into studies that found that when water gets hotter, fish like cod, flounder, pollock and hake respond by increasing their metabolism. “If you turn up the temperature by a couple degrees, they have to double their food intake,” Piatt said. “It’s a huge deal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out that those fish feed on the same prey as the murres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the murres have an Achilles heel: They have to eat more than half their body mass every day. Based on their normal diet in Alaska, that’s typically 60-120 fatty forage fish every day—double that, if only leaner prey is available. By comparison, cod of similar size to a murre would only need to eat about 0.4-1.5 percent of their body mass per day—just 1 to 3 fatty fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The double-whammy caused by warming waters—less nutritionally rich food sources and more competition for the food available—is what Piatt and his co-authors hypothesize led to the common murres deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If murres can’t fully meet their food demand every day, their body condition begins to decline quickly. “If they can’t find \u003cem>any\u003c/em> food for 3-5 days, they will die of starvation,” the authors write in the new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Caused the Marine Heat Wave\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extreme heat in the ocean from 2014-2016 was a result of several factors. Piatt describes it like a step ladder:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>At the base is the ocean getting warmer due to global warming. Global warming contributed about 25 percent of the warming in the heat wave.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Next, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, a recurring pattern of ocean-atmosphere climate variability that leads to periods of warming in the mid-latitude Pacific—that contributed about 35 percent of the heat.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>As part of that, there was a strong El Niño from 2015-2016, which led to warming from California’s coast up to Alaska’s.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“If you remove all those signals you’ll see about a quarter of the heat is still unaccounted for, said Piatt. “That’s the Blob.” The Blob developed when a ridge of high pressure formed over the land on the northwestern coast of North America and blocked airflow from the Pacific to the interior, trapping heat over the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the biggest marine heat wave so far on record,” said Thomas Frölicher, a climate scientist at the University of Bern in Switzerland who was not involved in the new study. “Usually, we are used to heat waves over land. They are much smaller in size, and they do not last as long. In the ocean, this heat wave lasted two or three years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past 35 years, marine heat waves have doubled in frequency, Frölicher said. And as global temperatures continue to rise, they will become even more commonplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we follow a high-greenhouse-gas-emissions scenario, these heat waves will become \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0383-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">50 times more frequent\u003c/a> than preindustrial times” by 2100, Frölicher said. A low-emissions scenario, consistent with the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/tags/paris-climate-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paris climate agreement\u003c/a>, would still see 20 times more heat waves, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What that means is that in some regions, they will become permanent heat waves,” he said. The mass deaths of common murres suggests what that may look like. “This gives us some insight into the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Scientists Shocked by Wolf Puppies Playing Fetch",
"headTitle": "Scientists Shocked by Wolf Puppies Playing Fetch | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Some wolf puppies are unexpectedly willing to play fetch, according to scientists who saw young wolves retrieve a ball thrown by a stranger and bring it back at that person’s urging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This behavior wouldn’t be surprising in a dog. But wolves are thought to be less responsive to human cues because they haven’t gone through thousands of years of domestication.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> [pullquote citation='Christina Hansen Wheat, Stockholm University']‘When I saw the first puppy fetch — I still get goosebumps when I talk about this — it was such a surprise.’[/pullquote]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exactly how dogs emerged from a now-extinct population of ancient wolves is a mystery. Wolves are large, dangerous carnivores, and yet they were the first animals that humans tamed. More than 15,000 years ago, when humans were still hunter-gatherers, this large predator somehow \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2013/11/14/244988049/old-dogs-new-data-canines-may-have-been-domesticated-in-europe\">began\u003c/a> cozying up to people, eventually becoming their “best friend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To try to get clues about how that happened, scientists such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.su.se/english/profiles/chha9511-1.192949\">Christina Hansen Wheat\u003c/a> of Stockholm University in Sweden have been studying the differences between dogs and modern wolves. As part of her work, she raised litters of wolf puppies, feeding them and acclimating them to her presence but not playing with them or training them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the age of 8 weeks, the wolf pups were put through a series of standard behavior tests that were administered by a person the wolves had never met.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This set of tests is normally used by dog breeders, says Hansen Wheat, to assess how their puppies act in social situations. “The fetching test just happened to be part of this test battery. It wasn’t something we were targeting at all,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person conducting the test threw a tennis ball and urged the wolf puppy to bring it back. Two litters of puppies utterly failed to do this, surprising the scientists not at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some hypotheses out there that the ability to understand human social cues is a unique dog trait, a trait that arose after domestication had been initiated,” Hansen Wheat explains, so fetching on command is not a behavior expected in wolves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then a third litter went through the tests. And as she watched through a window, one of the wolf puppies went for the ball and returned it to the tester, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(19)30557-7\">report\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>iScience\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I saw the first puppy fetch — I still get goosebumps when I talk about this — it was such a surprise,” Hansen Wheat says. “It wasn’t just one puppy, it was actually three of them. That was very exciting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHUY7e52YGU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because three of the 13 tested wolf puppies spontaneously did this, a willingness to fetch might not be a dog trait, she says. Instead, it might be a wolf trait that existed in the ancestral wolf populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It might have been something that we have tried to select upon during early domestication,” Hansen Wheat says. “Wolf puppies doing this during early stages of domestication might have had a selective advantage, if they managed to establish a connection to our forefathers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She notes that researchers who work with wolves typically have few animals to test. That means scientists simply might not have enough wolves to detect rare traits, making it hard to see variations as they attempt to compare wolves with dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it will surprise dog owners as much as it surprised me that wolves actually can fetch a ball, or retrieve a ball for a person,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.arizona.edu/user/evan-maclean\">Evan MacLean\u003c/a>, who studies dog cognition at the University of Arizona, says this is an interesting observation that no one has made before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To my knowledge, this is actually the first test ever to look at whether wolves do something like this,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching the video, MacLean sees two discrete behaviors: first, chasing the ball and biting it, and then later coming back to the person while carrying the ball. To him, it doesn’t appear to be exactly the same kind of goal-oriented game of “fetch” that a dog would play with its owner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I think it’s an intriguing observation,” he says. “I think it opens up a series of interesting questions and other studies you could do to try to look at this in a more controlled and systematic way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would the wolves behave this way if there were distractions in the room, for example, or if the ball were thrown by a machine instead of a person?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no agreement on how dog domestication happened — whether some brave wolves started hanging around human camps to get scraps or whether humans actively kidnapped wolf puppies to raise them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent times, MacLean notes, wolves have been extensively hunted by humans, so today’s wolves might be more skittish around people than past wolf populations were. “It’s possible that the modern populations are quite different than the population that actually gave rise to dogs,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dogs do seem to be sensitive to human gestures, such as pointing, in ways that other species are not, including our closest relatives, chimpanzees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dogs have become special in that regard,” MacLean says, “and some people, myself included, have made claims that maybe this is something really unusual about dogs, and something that changed during dog domestication.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fetching+With+Wolves%3A+What+It+Means+That+A+Wolf+Puppy+Will+Retrieve+A+Ball&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Some wolf puppies are unexpectedly willing to play fetch, according to scientists who saw young wolves retrieve a ball thrown by a stranger and bring it back at that person’s urging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This behavior wouldn’t be surprising in a dog. But wolves are thought to be less responsive to human cues because they haven’t gone through thousands of years of domestication.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘When I saw the first puppy fetch — I still get goosebumps when I talk about this — it was such a surprise.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exactly how dogs emerged from a now-extinct population of ancient wolves is a mystery. Wolves are large, dangerous carnivores, and yet they were the first animals that humans tamed. More than 15,000 years ago, when humans were still hunter-gatherers, this large predator somehow \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2013/11/14/244988049/old-dogs-new-data-canines-may-have-been-domesticated-in-europe\">began\u003c/a> cozying up to people, eventually becoming their “best friend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To try to get clues about how that happened, scientists such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.su.se/english/profiles/chha9511-1.192949\">Christina Hansen Wheat\u003c/a> of Stockholm University in Sweden have been studying the differences between dogs and modern wolves. As part of her work, she raised litters of wolf puppies, feeding them and acclimating them to her presence but not playing with them or training them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the age of 8 weeks, the wolf pups were put through a series of standard behavior tests that were administered by a person the wolves had never met.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This set of tests is normally used by dog breeders, says Hansen Wheat, to assess how their puppies act in social situations. “The fetching test just happened to be part of this test battery. It wasn’t something we were targeting at all,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person conducting the test threw a tennis ball and urged the wolf puppy to bring it back. Two litters of puppies utterly failed to do this, surprising the scientists not at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some hypotheses out there that the ability to understand human social cues is a unique dog trait, a trait that arose after domestication had been initiated,” Hansen Wheat explains, so fetching on command is not a behavior expected in wolves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then a third litter went through the tests. And as she watched through a window, one of the wolf puppies went for the ball and returned it to the tester, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(19)30557-7\">report\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>iScience\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I saw the first puppy fetch — I still get goosebumps when I talk about this — it was such a surprise,” Hansen Wheat says. “It wasn’t just one puppy, it was actually three of them. That was very exciting.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/wHUY7e52YGU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/wHUY7e52YGU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Because three of the 13 tested wolf puppies spontaneously did this, a willingness to fetch might not be a dog trait, she says. Instead, it might be a wolf trait that existed in the ancestral wolf populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It might have been something that we have tried to select upon during early domestication,” Hansen Wheat says. “Wolf puppies doing this during early stages of domestication might have had a selective advantage, if they managed to establish a connection to our forefathers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She notes that researchers who work with wolves typically have few animals to test. That means scientists simply might not have enough wolves to detect rare traits, making it hard to see variations as they attempt to compare wolves with dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it will surprise dog owners as much as it surprised me that wolves actually can fetch a ball, or retrieve a ball for a person,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.arizona.edu/user/evan-maclean\">Evan MacLean\u003c/a>, who studies dog cognition at the University of Arizona, says this is an interesting observation that no one has made before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To my knowledge, this is actually the first test ever to look at whether wolves do something like this,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching the video, MacLean sees two discrete behaviors: first, chasing the ball and biting it, and then later coming back to the person while carrying the ball. To him, it doesn’t appear to be exactly the same kind of goal-oriented game of “fetch” that a dog would play with its owner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I think it’s an intriguing observation,” he says. “I think it opens up a series of interesting questions and other studies you could do to try to look at this in a more controlled and systematic way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would the wolves behave this way if there were distractions in the room, for example, or if the ball were thrown by a machine instead of a person?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no agreement on how dog domestication happened — whether some brave wolves started hanging around human camps to get scraps or whether humans actively kidnapped wolf puppies to raise them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent times, MacLean notes, wolves have been extensively hunted by humans, so today’s wolves might be more skittish around people than past wolf populations were. “It’s possible that the modern populations are quite different than the population that actually gave rise to dogs,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dogs do seem to be sensitive to human gestures, such as pointing, in ways that other species are not, including our closest relatives, chimpanzees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dogs have become special in that regard,” MacLean says, “and some people, myself included, have made claims that maybe this is something really unusual about dogs, and something that changed during dog domestication.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fetching+With+Wolves%3A+What+It+Means+That+A+Wolf+Puppy+Will+Retrieve+A+Ball&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Democratic Candidates Go All In on Climate at Debate",
"headTitle": "Democratic Candidates Go All In on Climate at Debate | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Throughout last night’s Democratic presidential debate, there were signs of the strong progressive push on climate action that is animating the presidential race as it reaches a critical moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contenders for the nomination, in their final face-off before the Feb. 3 Iowa Caucuses, were eager to show their commitment to climate action as integral to policy across the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/bernie-sanders-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Bernie Sanders\u003c/a> (I-Vt.) cited climate as the main reason he opposed President Donald Trump’s free trade deal with Mexico. Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25062019/elizabeth-warren-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Elizabeth Warren\u003c/a> (D-Mass.) said climate had to be part of defense strategy. Former Vice President \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/joe-biden-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Joseph Biden\u003c/a> touted his role in heading up the largest U.S. investment ever in renewable energy as part of the 2009 economic recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, one of the moderators, \u003cem>Des Moines Register\u003c/em> chief politics reporter Brianne Pfannenstiel, implored the candidates to stick to the subject of international trade. “We’re going to get to climate change,” she promised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The candidates’ repeated return to the subject of climate change marked a dramatic turnaround from previous election cycles, when it rarely surfaced at candidate forums and routinely ranked far down on the list of voters’ concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading the push to propel climate to the top of the agenda has been the youth-led activist group Sunrise Movement, which champions the Green New Deal and \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/sunrisemvmt/sunrise-movement-endorses-bernie-sanders-for-president-b6bdb68ba408\">endorsed\u003c/a> Sanders last week—a fact he made sure to mention. The climate action group 350.org also launched a drive aimed at getting former South Bend, Indiana, Mayor Pete Buttigieg to strengthen his climate platform: “We don’t have time for middle-of-the-pack climate plans,” 350.org \u003ca href=\"https://act.350.org/sign/buttigieg-we-need-real-climate-leader/\">said\u003c/a> in its online petition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The primary season climate offensive raises questions that will be pivotal to the effort to defeat Trump and end the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/19122019/trump-climate-policy-record-rollback-fossil-energy-history-candidate-profile\">drastic setbacks\u003c/a> to global climate action under his administration. Will ardent young climate activists stay engaged if a moderate Democrat, like Biden, wins the nomination? If the party chooses a progressive like Sanders, who advocates an end to fracking, will he be able to win over enough moderate voters to defeat Trump—especially in swing states like Pennsylvania, which have come to rely heavily on natural gas production?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As important as those questions might be, the candidates are sweeping them aside for now. With polls showing that Iowa’s \u003ca href=\"http://icm-tracking.meltwater.com/link.php?DynEngagement=true&H=btYXC68syxmDVppbhVzFoYHdeMNV9070xvOlf%2FNdDQ0wXj6aidRhm2BDE5PnWsZF1T5ip8ynJpUVAxDr4kwep7fGLE%2FDPebYigVEQInFz48rO4fb4JUsfajOHUsTafKmG3QEqiDOJ69xYHAYQh%2BRyw%3D%3D&G=0&R=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.desmoinesregister.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Felections%2Fpresidential%2Fcaucus%2F2020%2F01%2F13%2Fiowa-caucus-2020-what-do-iowans-care-about-health-care-climate-change-education%2F4423488002%2F&I=20200115041604.00000c05afae%40mail6-114-ussnn1&X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVlMWU5MWNjZWZkOWI2MzhhN2ZjYWNlNDs%3D&S=9a3RU2rYNCVShgvcUtXCyN_G-pGXPhebupGXSiZd2ZU\">likely Democratic caucus participants \u003c/a>consider climate change on par with health care as a top voting issue, the candidates see little to lose by staking out the strongest possible action plans on cutting greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of the candidates are positioning themselves as climate hawks,” said Edward Maibach, a professor at George Mason University’s Center for Climate Change Communication. “They want to be seen as real leaders eager to do what’s necessary to address the climate crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voters’ Climate Change Views Rapidly Evolving\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maibach, a principal investigator of an opinion survey on climate conducted in partnership with the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication, said the candidates appear to be taking their cue from the potential voters they are hearing from. The Yale-GMU project, which will be unveiling its latest political survey next week, has been tracking a pronounced shift in sentiment favoring strong climate action that goes beyond the liberal wing of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the exception of conservative Republicans, Americans’ views of climate change have evolved rapidly over the past five years,” Maibach said. “They are increasingly coming to understand that climate change is a present-day problem, not just a future problem, and they are becoming more worried about it as a result. Moderate and conservative Democrats are the group whose views have changed the most.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeremy Symons, a public affairs consultant specializing in climate change and environmental issues, agrees with Maibach’s assessment. “One thing’s clear—the Democratic nominee will benefit enormously by leaning in full-throttle on climate change, because it is one of the rare issues that can mobilize turnout of the base and resonate with undecided voters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tuesday’s debate, the moderates sought to make clear that they were in synch with the most progressive candidates on climate. Buttigieg, for example, didn’t take the bait when he was prodded by businessman Tom Steyer over why, as the youngest candidate, he didn’t have a more progressive plan on climate. His plan, he maintained, was as strong as any other candidate’s. “This issue is personal for me,” Buttigieg said. “It’s why we’re going to tackle climate from day one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/amy-klobuchar-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Amy Klobuchar\u003c/a> (D-Minn.), asked why she did not support a ban on fracking, skipped over providing an explanation of why she sees natural gas as a transition fuel. Instead she stressed her 100 percent rating from the League of Conservation Voters and the fact that, like the other candidates, she has a goal of net zero carbon emissions by midcentury. “Nearly every one of us has a plan that is very similar,” she said. Warren and Sanders are also rated 100 percent by the League of Conservation Voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klobuchar will have a chance to raise her climate profile by participating in\u003ca href=\"https://www.thewrap.com/weather-channel-announces-second-climate-forum-with-presidential-candidates/\"> a climate forum\u003c/a> sponsored by The Weather Channel two days before the Iowa Caucuses. The only other candidates participating are Steyer and former New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, both of whom have made climate leadership central to their campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bloomberg, a billionaire who is funding his own campaign and therefore cannot participate in the debates under Democratic National Committee rules, this week \u003ca href=\"https://www.mikebloomberg.com/2020/policies/clean-buildings\">unveiled a plan\u003c/a> to require all new buildings to have net-zero carbon emissions by 2025. The plan, which emphasizes a transition to renewable energy instead of natural gas, marks \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23112019/michael-bloomberg-president-climate-change-activists-concerns-green-new-deal-wealth-tax\">an evolution\u003c/a> in Bloomberg’s own thinking on climate. Although he previously supported natural gas as a transition fuel, it “isn’t as clean as we thought,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sunrise Movement Goes All in for Sanders Early\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many environmental activists who expect to go all-out in an effort to defeat Trump have put off choosing a candidate among the Democrats this early in the race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunrise Movement, on the other hand, decided to turn its get-out-the-vote effort in Iowa and New Hampshire into a field program directly supporting Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe a Bernie Sanders presidency would provide the best political terrain in which to engage in and ultimately win that struggle for the world we deserve,” said Sunrise Executive Director Varshini Prakash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanders, who is advocating a $16.3 trillion, 10-year mobilization to enact the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02012020/green-new-deal-future-2020-election-climate-change-sanders-ocasio-cortez\">Green New Deal\u003c/a>, a massive shift in federal government spending to create jobs and hasten a transition to clean energy, has pledged nearly 10 times the federal investment in climate action that Biden has promised. The Green New Deal has been attacked relentlessly by fossil fuel allies, and even supporters of climate action acknowledge the steep hurdles it would face on Capitol Hill, where a proposal for a much smaller, $33 billion investment in clean energy \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/20122019/congress-2020-budget-clean-energy-coal-miner-pension-black-lung-blm\">died at the end of the year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these numbers, in themselves, signal how far the political ground on climate has shifted—Biden’s call for a $1.7 trillion federal investment in tackling climate change marks nearly 30 times \u003ca href=\"https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/election/campaigns/article234890482.html\">what Hillary Clinton promised \u003c/a>when she sought the Democratic presidential nomination four years ago. Although he didn’t mention the Green New Deal by name during the debate, Biden has sought to frame his climate platform with the epic sweep its advocates are seeking. “We’re the only country in the world that’s ever taken great crisis and turned it into great opportunity,” Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symons argues that who emerges as the Democratic nominee is not as important as the continued engagement of climate activists in the general election and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The differences between the candidates’ plans are real,” he said, “but they pale in comparison to the two big issues that will really decide what happens on climate change—first of all, whether we defeat Trump, and secondly, whether the winner will make climate change the No. 1 priority for spending political capital early in their new presidency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunrise Movement leaders sought to show they had their eyes on that bigger picture, even while they focus on electing Sanders in the short term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Senator Sanders does not win the nomination, the stakes of the climate crisis also demand that we can’t sit this election out,” said Sunrise’s political director, Evan Weber. “No matter what, we will be steadfast in advocating for the defeat of President Trump and his fossil fuel cronies at the ballot box.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "With the Iowa Caucuses days away and Sunrise Movement endorsing Sanders, candidates scrambled at the debate to talk climate. It's raising some questions.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Throughout last night’s Democratic presidential debate, there were signs of the strong progressive push on climate action that is animating the presidential race as it reaches a critical moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contenders for the nomination, in their final face-off before the Feb. 3 Iowa Caucuses, were eager to show their commitment to climate action as integral to policy across the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/bernie-sanders-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Bernie Sanders\u003c/a> (I-Vt.) cited climate as the main reason he opposed President Donald Trump’s free trade deal with Mexico. Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25062019/elizabeth-warren-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Elizabeth Warren\u003c/a> (D-Mass.) said climate had to be part of defense strategy. Former Vice President \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/joe-biden-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Joseph Biden\u003c/a> touted his role in heading up the largest U.S. investment ever in renewable energy as part of the 2009 economic recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, one of the moderators, \u003cem>Des Moines Register\u003c/em> chief politics reporter Brianne Pfannenstiel, implored the candidates to stick to the subject of international trade. “We’re going to get to climate change,” she promised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The candidates’ repeated return to the subject of climate change marked a dramatic turnaround from previous election cycles, when it rarely surfaced at candidate forums and routinely ranked far down on the list of voters’ concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading the push to propel climate to the top of the agenda has been the youth-led activist group Sunrise Movement, which champions the Green New Deal and \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/sunrisemvmt/sunrise-movement-endorses-bernie-sanders-for-president-b6bdb68ba408\">endorsed\u003c/a> Sanders last week—a fact he made sure to mention. The climate action group 350.org also launched a drive aimed at getting former South Bend, Indiana, Mayor Pete Buttigieg to strengthen his climate platform: “We don’t have time for middle-of-the-pack climate plans,” 350.org \u003ca href=\"https://act.350.org/sign/buttigieg-we-need-real-climate-leader/\">said\u003c/a> in its online petition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The primary season climate offensive raises questions that will be pivotal to the effort to defeat Trump and end the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/19122019/trump-climate-policy-record-rollback-fossil-energy-history-candidate-profile\">drastic setbacks\u003c/a> to global climate action under his administration. Will ardent young climate activists stay engaged if a moderate Democrat, like Biden, wins the nomination? If the party chooses a progressive like Sanders, who advocates an end to fracking, will he be able to win over enough moderate voters to defeat Trump—especially in swing states like Pennsylvania, which have come to rely heavily on natural gas production?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As important as those questions might be, the candidates are sweeping them aside for now. With polls showing that Iowa’s \u003ca href=\"http://icm-tracking.meltwater.com/link.php?DynEngagement=true&H=btYXC68syxmDVppbhVzFoYHdeMNV9070xvOlf%2FNdDQ0wXj6aidRhm2BDE5PnWsZF1T5ip8ynJpUVAxDr4kwep7fGLE%2FDPebYigVEQInFz48rO4fb4JUsfajOHUsTafKmG3QEqiDOJ69xYHAYQh%2BRyw%3D%3D&G=0&R=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.desmoinesregister.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Felections%2Fpresidential%2Fcaucus%2F2020%2F01%2F13%2Fiowa-caucus-2020-what-do-iowans-care-about-health-care-climate-change-education%2F4423488002%2F&I=20200115041604.00000c05afae%40mail6-114-ussnn1&X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVlMWU5MWNjZWZkOWI2MzhhN2ZjYWNlNDs%3D&S=9a3RU2rYNCVShgvcUtXCyN_G-pGXPhebupGXSiZd2ZU\">likely Democratic caucus participants \u003c/a>consider climate change on par with health care as a top voting issue, the candidates see little to lose by staking out the strongest possible action plans on cutting greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of the candidates are positioning themselves as climate hawks,” said Edward Maibach, a professor at George Mason University’s Center for Climate Change Communication. “They want to be seen as real leaders eager to do what’s necessary to address the climate crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voters’ Climate Change Views Rapidly Evolving\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maibach, a principal investigator of an opinion survey on climate conducted in partnership with the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication, said the candidates appear to be taking their cue from the potential voters they are hearing from. The Yale-GMU project, which will be unveiling its latest political survey next week, has been tracking a pronounced shift in sentiment favoring strong climate action that goes beyond the liberal wing of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the exception of conservative Republicans, Americans’ views of climate change have evolved rapidly over the past five years,” Maibach said. “They are increasingly coming to understand that climate change is a present-day problem, not just a future problem, and they are becoming more worried about it as a result. Moderate and conservative Democrats are the group whose views have changed the most.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeremy Symons, a public affairs consultant specializing in climate change and environmental issues, agrees with Maibach’s assessment. “One thing’s clear—the Democratic nominee will benefit enormously by leaning in full-throttle on climate change, because it is one of the rare issues that can mobilize turnout of the base and resonate with undecided voters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tuesday’s debate, the moderates sought to make clear that they were in synch with the most progressive candidates on climate. Buttigieg, for example, didn’t take the bait when he was prodded by businessman Tom Steyer over why, as the youngest candidate, he didn’t have a more progressive plan on climate. His plan, he maintained, was as strong as any other candidate’s. “This issue is personal for me,” Buttigieg said. “It’s why we’re going to tackle climate from day one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/amy-klobuchar-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Amy Klobuchar\u003c/a> (D-Minn.), asked why she did not support a ban on fracking, skipped over providing an explanation of why she sees natural gas as a transition fuel. Instead she stressed her 100 percent rating from the League of Conservation Voters and the fact that, like the other candidates, she has a goal of net zero carbon emissions by midcentury. “Nearly every one of us has a plan that is very similar,” she said. Warren and Sanders are also rated 100 percent by the League of Conservation Voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klobuchar will have a chance to raise her climate profile by participating in\u003ca href=\"https://www.thewrap.com/weather-channel-announces-second-climate-forum-with-presidential-candidates/\"> a climate forum\u003c/a> sponsored by The Weather Channel two days before the Iowa Caucuses. The only other candidates participating are Steyer and former New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, both of whom have made climate leadership central to their campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bloomberg, a billionaire who is funding his own campaign and therefore cannot participate in the debates under Democratic National Committee rules, this week \u003ca href=\"https://www.mikebloomberg.com/2020/policies/clean-buildings\">unveiled a plan\u003c/a> to require all new buildings to have net-zero carbon emissions by 2025. The plan, which emphasizes a transition to renewable energy instead of natural gas, marks \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23112019/michael-bloomberg-president-climate-change-activists-concerns-green-new-deal-wealth-tax\">an evolution\u003c/a> in Bloomberg’s own thinking on climate. Although he previously supported natural gas as a transition fuel, it “isn’t as clean as we thought,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sunrise Movement Goes All in for Sanders Early\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many environmental activists who expect to go all-out in an effort to defeat Trump have put off choosing a candidate among the Democrats this early in the race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunrise Movement, on the other hand, decided to turn its get-out-the-vote effort in Iowa and New Hampshire into a field program directly supporting Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe a Bernie Sanders presidency would provide the best political terrain in which to engage in and ultimately win that struggle for the world we deserve,” said Sunrise Executive Director Varshini Prakash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanders, who is advocating a $16.3 trillion, 10-year mobilization to enact the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02012020/green-new-deal-future-2020-election-climate-change-sanders-ocasio-cortez\">Green New Deal\u003c/a>, a massive shift in federal government spending to create jobs and hasten a transition to clean energy, has pledged nearly 10 times the federal investment in climate action that Biden has promised. The Green New Deal has been attacked relentlessly by fossil fuel allies, and even supporters of climate action acknowledge the steep hurdles it would face on Capitol Hill, where a proposal for a much smaller, $33 billion investment in clean energy \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/20122019/congress-2020-budget-clean-energy-coal-miner-pension-black-lung-blm\">died at the end of the year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these numbers, in themselves, signal how far the political ground on climate has shifted—Biden’s call for a $1.7 trillion federal investment in tackling climate change marks nearly 30 times \u003ca href=\"https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/election/campaigns/article234890482.html\">what Hillary Clinton promised \u003c/a>when she sought the Democratic presidential nomination four years ago. Although he didn’t mention the Green New Deal by name during the debate, Biden has sought to frame his climate platform with the epic sweep its advocates are seeking. “We’re the only country in the world that’s ever taken great crisis and turned it into great opportunity,” Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symons argues that who emerges as the Democratic nominee is not as important as the continued engagement of climate activists in the general election and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The differences between the candidates’ plans are real,” he said, “but they pale in comparison to the two big issues that will really decide what happens on climate change—first of all, whether we defeat Trump, and secondly, whether the winner will make climate change the No. 1 priority for spending political capital early in their new presidency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunrise Movement leaders sought to show they had their eyes on that bigger picture, even while they focus on electing Sanders in the short term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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},
"snap-judgment": {
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