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"content": "\u003cp>The farm town of Delano, California, is located about two and a half hours northeast of Los Angeles. It’s the birthplace of the farmworkers’ labor movement — and sits in the center of Congressional District 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This congressional seat is currently held by Republican David Valadao. But the district, on paper, is exactly the sort of pickup opportunity Democrats salivate over. Democratic voters outnumber registered Republicans by 17 points. Latinos make up 59% of the district’s residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11929729,news_11843511\"]But gas prices are looming large in a district that covers a big swath of the Central Valley, including portions of Kern, Kings and Tulare counties — and part of the city of Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if he has any hope of beating Valadao, a relatively moderate Republican, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11928579/swing-district-road-trip-with-will-rollins-and-rudy-salas\">Democratic Assemblymember Rudy Salas\u003c/a> knows he has to hustle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent Saturday morning in October, he was doing just that. It was already over 80 degrees, but Salas was taking turns chatting with parade-goers, then sprinting to catch up with his float in the annual Harvest Holidays Parade. His pitch to voters at this annual community event celebrating the harvest?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the years, who’s been out in this community, who’s actually been doing and delivering for this community?” Salas asked, noting the work he’s done in the state Legislature to bring resources to the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in the city of Delano today, and I replaced one of the water wells so that people have safe drinking water here. I put more money into their schools so their kids have educational opportunities that they never had,” he said. “I think all the parents and the people recognize that and they see that work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the parade watchers greeted Salas by name and said they’re supporting him. But turn on a TV, and the attack ads against Salas are unrelenting. Republicans are seeking to tie Salas to inflation and high gas prices — issues that are hitting residents hard in this largely rural region, where oil and agriculture are king.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those voters with money on his mind is 56-year-old Vince Ruiz, who was helping sell his mom’s art at a barbecue following the parade. Ruiz feels abandoned by the Democratic party on economic issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My mom’s a Democrat, but I turned Republican because of their values,” he said. “Just regular economics, jobs and the economy. And then the deficit. The deficit is not even mentioned anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930849\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11930849\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"a Latino man greets a family sitting on a curb\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democratic Assemblymember Rudy Salas greets a family during the Harvest Holidays Parade in Delano. \u003ccite>(Marisa Lagos/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Latino voters, including Ruiz, could make the difference this midterm between Democrats maintaining control of Congress or Republicans seizing the gavel. And while the GOP has made inroads with some Latino voters — especially in states like Texas — California Latinos have not swung as far to the right in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s true for Pete Nevre, a 70-year-old Delano resident who was at the parade with his car club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s affecting all of us. You know, you can’t go to the store too much. You can’t go out to visit other folks in another town because the gas prices are too high,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he added, “I don’t blame Rudy Salas for the way it is. The gas prices are going up because of the oil industry, that’s why.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Salas, Republican Valadao was born and raised in this district. Salas worked in the fields alongside his farmworker father; Valadao’s family owns a dairy farm. Valadao is relatively moderate, one of just 10 GOP House members who voted to impeach former President Trump after the Jan. 6 insurrection. But he’s also co-sponsor of legislation that would define life as beginning at conception, which would effectively ban abortion nationally if it became law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for some voters, like 84-year-old Pearl Rivera, inflation and gas prices aren’t the only issues driving their decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I voted for Mr. Valadao before because I felt he was conscious of the farmworkers. But lately, the last few years, I think he’s kind of turned around. And I’m not happy with it,” said Rivera, who worked in the fields as a child and young adult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930872\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11930872\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"a white man in a blues uit\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. David Valadao speaks during a news conference with other House Republican members on immigration in Washington in 2021. Both he and Democratic Assemblymember Rudy Salas, his opponent for the 22nd Congressional District seat, appear to be campaigning as moderates to appeal to swing voters. \u003ccite>(Caroline Brehman/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Valadao’s campaign did not respond to multiple requests for an interview. But Mike Madrid, longtime GOP consultant in California who focuses on the Latino vote, said both Salas and Valadao are doing something unique in this hyperpolarized political environment: They’re pitching themselves as moderates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most interesting thing about that district is … probably more than any other [district] in the country, really, you’re seeing both candidates crash to the center,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s evident in Valadao’s impeachment vote and Salas’ record in the state Assembly — the Democrat has regularly broken with his party to vote with the oil industry, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madrid said those positions are in sharp contrast to districts where Democratic candidates are running against the oil industry and Republicans are embracing Trump and the Big Lie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madrid believes the majority of Latinos will go for Salas, but that may not be enough: This is a race that will be decided by a few points, so Democrats can’t afford to lose any of their base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Republicans’] job is to find as many Hispanics on the margin to peel off, and hope that the Democrats can’t turn out more than they can peel off,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delano Mayor Bryan Osorio agreed that this race will likely be decided by turnout. The 26-year-old is running for his second term and is supporting Salas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s going to be an interesting race to watch, but Delano is a majority Democratic town. Many of the small communities in Kern County are also majority Democrat,” he said. “The only barrier is that people don’t come out to vote on a consistent basis. And that’s what gives the Republicans the edge.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The farm town of Delano, California, is located about two and a half hours northeast of Los Angeles. It’s the birthplace of the farmworkers’ labor movement — and sits in the center of Congressional District 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This congressional seat is currently held by Republican David Valadao. But the district, on paper, is exactly the sort of pickup opportunity Democrats salivate over. Democratic voters outnumber registered Republicans by 17 points. Latinos make up 59% of the district’s residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But gas prices are looming large in a district that covers a big swath of the Central Valley, including portions of Kern, Kings and Tulare counties — and part of the city of Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if he has any hope of beating Valadao, a relatively moderate Republican, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11928579/swing-district-road-trip-with-will-rollins-and-rudy-salas\">Democratic Assemblymember Rudy Salas\u003c/a> knows he has to hustle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent Saturday morning in October, he was doing just that. It was already over 80 degrees, but Salas was taking turns chatting with parade-goers, then sprinting to catch up with his float in the annual Harvest Holidays Parade. His pitch to voters at this annual community event celebrating the harvest?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the years, who’s been out in this community, who’s actually been doing and delivering for this community?” Salas asked, noting the work he’s done in the state Legislature to bring resources to the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in the city of Delano today, and I replaced one of the water wells so that people have safe drinking water here. I put more money into their schools so their kids have educational opportunities that they never had,” he said. “I think all the parents and the people recognize that and they see that work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the parade watchers greeted Salas by name and said they’re supporting him. But turn on a TV, and the attack ads against Salas are unrelenting. Republicans are seeking to tie Salas to inflation and high gas prices — issues that are hitting residents hard in this largely rural region, where oil and agriculture are king.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those voters with money on his mind is 56-year-old Vince Ruiz, who was helping sell his mom’s art at a barbecue following the parade. Ruiz feels abandoned by the Democratic party on economic issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My mom’s a Democrat, but I turned Republican because of their values,” he said. “Just regular economics, jobs and the economy. And then the deficit. The deficit is not even mentioned anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930849\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11930849\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"a Latino man greets a family sitting on a curb\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/IMG_9380-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democratic Assemblymember Rudy Salas greets a family during the Harvest Holidays Parade in Delano. \u003ccite>(Marisa Lagos/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Latino voters, including Ruiz, could make the difference this midterm between Democrats maintaining control of Congress or Republicans seizing the gavel. And while the GOP has made inroads with some Latino voters — especially in states like Texas — California Latinos have not swung as far to the right in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s true for Pete Nevre, a 70-year-old Delano resident who was at the parade with his car club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s affecting all of us. You know, you can’t go to the store too much. You can’t go out to visit other folks in another town because the gas prices are too high,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he added, “I don’t blame Rudy Salas for the way it is. The gas prices are going up because of the oil industry, that’s why.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Salas, Republican Valadao was born and raised in this district. Salas worked in the fields alongside his farmworker father; Valadao’s family owns a dairy farm. Valadao is relatively moderate, one of just 10 GOP House members who voted to impeach former President Trump after the Jan. 6 insurrection. But he’s also co-sponsor of legislation that would define life as beginning at conception, which would effectively ban abortion nationally if it became law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for some voters, like 84-year-old Pearl Rivera, inflation and gas prices aren’t the only issues driving their decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I voted for Mr. Valadao before because I felt he was conscious of the farmworkers. But lately, the last few years, I think he’s kind of turned around. And I’m not happy with it,” said Rivera, who worked in the fields as a child and young adult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930872\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11930872\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"a white man in a blues uit\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1231769719.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. David Valadao speaks during a news conference with other House Republican members on immigration in Washington in 2021. Both he and Democratic Assemblymember Rudy Salas, his opponent for the 22nd Congressional District seat, appear to be campaigning as moderates to appeal to swing voters. \u003ccite>(Caroline Brehman/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Valadao’s campaign did not respond to multiple requests for an interview. But Mike Madrid, longtime GOP consultant in California who focuses on the Latino vote, said both Salas and Valadao are doing something unique in this hyperpolarized political environment: They’re pitching themselves as moderates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most interesting thing about that district is … probably more than any other [district] in the country, really, you’re seeing both candidates crash to the center,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s evident in Valadao’s impeachment vote and Salas’ record in the state Assembly — the Democrat has regularly broken with his party to vote with the oil industry, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madrid said those positions are in sharp contrast to districts where Democratic candidates are running against the oil industry and Republicans are embracing Trump and the Big Lie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madrid believes the majority of Latinos will go for Salas, but that may not be enough: This is a race that will be decided by a few points, so Democrats can’t afford to lose any of their base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Republicans’] job is to find as many Hispanics on the margin to peel off, and hope that the Democrats can’t turn out more than they can peel off,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delano Mayor Bryan Osorio agreed that this race will likely be decided by turnout. The 26-year-old is running for his second term and is supporting Salas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s going to be an interesting race to watch, but Delano is a majority Democratic town. Many of the small communities in Kern County are also majority Democrat,” he said. “The only barrier is that people don’t come out to vote on a consistent basis. And that’s what gives the Republicans the edge.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Farmworkers' 24-Day March Culminates in Sacramento, Pressuring Newsom to Sign Union Bill",
"title": "Farmworkers' 24-Day March Culminates in Sacramento, Pressuring Newsom to Sign Union Bill",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 6 p.m. Friday: \u003c/strong>A broadly smiling California Gov. Gavin Newsom joined about two dozen jubilant, cheering farmworkers camped outside the state Capitol on Wednesday, September 28, to sign a measure aimed at helping farmworkers unionize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom initially announced his intention to veto the bill — one of the most contentious bills before the governor this year — but reversed course after President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris publicly backed it, pinning him in a difficult political position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, however, approved the bill only after he, the United Farm Workers and the California Labor Federation agreed on \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/9.28.22-clarifying-language.pdf?emrc=c31a79\">clarifying language\u003c/a> to be considered during \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/9.28.22-letter-to-Governor.pdf?emrc=026267\">next year’s legislative session\u003c/a> to address his concerns around implementation and voting integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law gives California farmworkers, who harvest much of the nation’s fruit and vegetables, new ways to vote in union elections beyond physical polling places on farm property. Proponents say that will help protect workers from union busting and other intimidation, while many farm owners say such a system lacks necessary safeguards to prevent fraud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement includes a cap on the number of unionization petitions over the next five years and will allow state regulators to better protect worker confidentiality and safety, Newsom's office said. It drops the option for workers to unionize through mail-in voting — as the UFW had pushed for — but allows for a “card check” election process, offering farmworkers a chance to vote from home in an effort to limit the chances of employer intimidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, August 26: \u003c/strong>Thousands of farmworkers and their allies finished a march to California’s Capitol in Sacramento on Friday, completing the last leg of a 24-day journey that began 350 miles away in Delano. The United Farm Workers union designed the march to pressure Gov. Gavin Newsom to sign a bill that would give farmworkers the option to vote by mail in union elections, mirroring the way Californians vote for candidates for political office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As state law currently stands, farmworkers must vote in union elections in person on sites owned by the growers that employ them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That creates a lot of intimidation. Many employers have security there, all the supervisors are there, and that doesn’t promote participation,” said United Farm Workers President Teresa Romero in an interview with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Agricultural Labor Relations Voting Choice Act, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2183\">Assembly Bill 2183\u003c/a>, would change that in-person voting requirement and would also prohibit growers from encouraging or discouraging union membership. Under the new bill, growers could also face fines of up to $25,000 for certain specific labor rights violations, and up to $10,000 for general labor rights violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a statement released hours before farmworkers were set to march the last mile to the Capitol, Newsom said he would not support the bill as it currently stands. The governor's office \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/politics-government/article264941129.html\">told The Fresno Bee that Newsom remains open to negotiations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veronica Mota, one of the 19 farmworkers who braved triple-digit temperatures for the entire 24-day march, said she was sad to hear that news, but that she remained motivated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not going to take away my motivation to continue pushing for what is right,” Mota told KQED. “It doesn’t end here. It starts here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"smiling woman holds red flag as she walks at front of line of marchers along rural road in the sunshine\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Izabella Gonzalez walks with her family during the United Farm Workers march leaving Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor's Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Fifty-six years ago, César Chavez did this march to bring awareness to the issues of farmworkers,” Romero said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought it was important enough to recreate that march, so people and the consumers understand that farmworkers still need the rights that other workers have. We all eat because of their hard work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/UFWupdates/status/1562326316786954240?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Flor Martinez Zaragoza, creator, @flowerinspanish\"]'It's blood, tears and sweat. It's what it takes to create change, bring awareness, be seen and be heard.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lourdes Cardenas, a farmworker and union member, had been marching for days when KQED spoke with her in Spanish on Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though our feet hurt, and our ankles hurt, it’s been a very strong [march]. We’re reaching for victory,” Cardenas said. “It would give us all better benefits, rights and equality. We’re people — we may have a lower salary, but we’re parents, we’re people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"line of marchers walks down a rural highway\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and their supporters leave Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=arts_13918088 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2022/08/RS58048_044_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before reaching Sacramento, the march attracted hundreds of people over the 24 days since it started in the Kern County city of Delano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13918088/bay-area-chefs-united-farm-workers-march-al-pastor-papi\">Food vendors provided sopas, tacos and other cuisine\u003c/a> for marchers; \u003ca href=\"https://health.ucdavis.edu/cppn/news/headlines/medical-students-help-soothe-farmworkers-on-300-mile-trek/2022/08\">UC Davis medical students tended to blistered feet and swollen legs\u003c/a>; and children of farmworkers came to support their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flor Martinez Zaragoza, a prominent activist on \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/flowerinspanish/?hl=en\">Instagram\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@flowerinspanish\">TikTok\u003c/a>, said social media has helped her spread the word to a younger generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923839\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923839\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"smiling woman holds bright union flag against bright blue sky\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flor Martinez Zaragoza walks with farmworkers and their supporters as they march through Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This march has definitely felt historic. It’s from the heart, it’s raw emotions. It's blood, tears and sweat. It’s what it takes to create change, bring awareness, be seen and be heard,” Martinez Zaragoza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Social media is a tool that we have now, and I think it’s important that we utilize it to organize and be able to make an impact. The youth have their phones on them 24/7.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923706\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923706\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"line or marchers, one draped in union flag, walk away from the camera along a rural highway next to a river\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and their supporters march next to the Sacramento River as they pass through Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although the march has gained the support of thousands of people in person and even more online, there is still opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthew Allen, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wga.com/blog/card-check-bill-ab-2183-heads-california-assembly-floor\">vice president of state government affairs for the Western Growers Association\u003c/a>, which represents family farmers in California, Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico, said the bill is “the latest attempt to undermine the secret ballot election process as established by the Agricultural Labor Relations Act.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Teresa Romero, president, United Farm Workers\"]'It's been 330 miles. Our bodies hurt, our feet are blistered. We're exhausted, but our spirits are high.'[/pullquote]If Gov. Newsom does not eventually sign the bill, Romero said the UFW “will regroup and plan because we are not going to give up. This is something that is that important to us, that is that important to farmworkers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923831\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923831\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"woman with long grey hair wearing hat and light by early morning sun speaks as others listen\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teresa Romero, president of the United Farm Workers union, speaks to marchers in Walnut Grove before setting out on Day 22 of their 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When KQED spoke to Romero on Thursday, she was preparing to march 14 miles, the second-to-last leg of the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been 330 miles. Our bodies hurt, our feet are blistered,” Romero said. “We’re exhausted, but our spirits are high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED's Madi Bolaños and Don Thompson of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Farmworkers and their allies finished a march from Delano to Sacramento Friday, rallying behind a new bill that aims to provide increased labor protections. But Gov. Newsom said he won't support it in its current form.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 6 p.m. Friday: \u003c/strong>A broadly smiling California Gov. Gavin Newsom joined about two dozen jubilant, cheering farmworkers camped outside the state Capitol on Wednesday, September 28, to sign a measure aimed at helping farmworkers unionize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom initially announced his intention to veto the bill — one of the most contentious bills before the governor this year — but reversed course after President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris publicly backed it, pinning him in a difficult political position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, however, approved the bill only after he, the United Farm Workers and the California Labor Federation agreed on \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/9.28.22-clarifying-language.pdf?emrc=c31a79\">clarifying language\u003c/a> to be considered during \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/9.28.22-letter-to-Governor.pdf?emrc=026267\">next year’s legislative session\u003c/a> to address his concerns around implementation and voting integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law gives California farmworkers, who harvest much of the nation’s fruit and vegetables, new ways to vote in union elections beyond physical polling places on farm property. Proponents say that will help protect workers from union busting and other intimidation, while many farm owners say such a system lacks necessary safeguards to prevent fraud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement includes a cap on the number of unionization petitions over the next five years and will allow state regulators to better protect worker confidentiality and safety, Newsom's office said. It drops the option for workers to unionize through mail-in voting — as the UFW had pushed for — but allows for a “card check” election process, offering farmworkers a chance to vote from home in an effort to limit the chances of employer intimidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, August 26: \u003c/strong>Thousands of farmworkers and their allies finished a march to California’s Capitol in Sacramento on Friday, completing the last leg of a 24-day journey that began 350 miles away in Delano. The United Farm Workers union designed the march to pressure Gov. Gavin Newsom to sign a bill that would give farmworkers the option to vote by mail in union elections, mirroring the way Californians vote for candidates for political office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As state law currently stands, farmworkers must vote in union elections in person on sites owned by the growers that employ them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That creates a lot of intimidation. Many employers have security there, all the supervisors are there, and that doesn’t promote participation,” said United Farm Workers President Teresa Romero in an interview with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Agricultural Labor Relations Voting Choice Act, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2183\">Assembly Bill 2183\u003c/a>, would change that in-person voting requirement and would also prohibit growers from encouraging or discouraging union membership. Under the new bill, growers could also face fines of up to $25,000 for certain specific labor rights violations, and up to $10,000 for general labor rights violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a statement released hours before farmworkers were set to march the last mile to the Capitol, Newsom said he would not support the bill as it currently stands. The governor's office \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/politics-government/article264941129.html\">told The Fresno Bee that Newsom remains open to negotiations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veronica Mota, one of the 19 farmworkers who braved triple-digit temperatures for the entire 24-day march, said she was sad to hear that news, but that she remained motivated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not going to take away my motivation to continue pushing for what is right,” Mota told KQED. “It doesn’t end here. It starts here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"smiling woman holds red flag as she walks at front of line of marchers along rural road in the sunshine\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Izabella Gonzalez walks with her family during the United Farm Workers march leaving Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor's Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Fifty-six years ago, César Chavez did this march to bring awareness to the issues of farmworkers,” Romero said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought it was important enough to recreate that march, so people and the consumers understand that farmworkers still need the rights that other workers have. We all eat because of their hard work.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lourdes Cardenas, a farmworker and union member, had been marching for days when KQED spoke with her in Spanish on Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though our feet hurt, and our ankles hurt, it’s been a very strong [march]. We’re reaching for victory,” Cardenas said. “It would give us all better benefits, rights and equality. We’re people — we may have a lower salary, but we’re parents, we’re people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before reaching Sacramento, the march attracted hundreds of people over the 24 days since it started in the Kern County city of Delano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13918088/bay-area-chefs-united-farm-workers-march-al-pastor-papi\">Food vendors provided sopas, tacos and other cuisine\u003c/a> for marchers; \u003ca href=\"https://health.ucdavis.edu/cppn/news/headlines/medical-students-help-soothe-farmworkers-on-300-mile-trek/2022/08\">UC Davis medical students tended to blistered feet and swollen legs\u003c/a>; and children of farmworkers came to support their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flor Martinez Zaragoza, a prominent activist on \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/flowerinspanish/?hl=en\">Instagram\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@flowerinspanish\">TikTok\u003c/a>, said social media has helped her spread the word to a younger generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923839\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923839\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"smiling woman holds bright union flag against bright blue sky\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flor Martinez Zaragoza walks with farmworkers and their supporters as they march through Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This march has definitely felt historic. It’s from the heart, it’s raw emotions. It's blood, tears and sweat. It’s what it takes to create change, bring awareness, be seen and be heard,” Martinez Zaragoza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Social media is a tool that we have now, and I think it’s important that we utilize it to organize and be able to make an impact. The youth have their phones on them 24/7.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923706\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923706\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"line or marchers, one draped in union flag, walk away from the camera along a rural highway next to a river\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and their supporters march next to the Sacramento River as they pass through Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although the march has gained the support of thousands of people in person and even more online, there is still opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthew Allen, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wga.com/blog/card-check-bill-ab-2183-heads-california-assembly-floor\">vice president of state government affairs for the Western Growers Association\u003c/a>, which represents family farmers in California, Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico, said the bill is “the latest attempt to undermine the secret ballot election process as established by the Agricultural Labor Relations Act.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>If Gov. Newsom does not eventually sign the bill, Romero said the UFW “will regroup and plan because we are not going to give up. This is something that is that important to us, that is that important to farmworkers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923831\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923831\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"woman with long grey hair wearing hat and light by early morning sun speaks as others listen\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teresa Romero, president of the United Farm Workers union, speaks to marchers in Walnut Grove before setting out on Day 22 of their 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When KQED spoke to Romero on Thursday, she was preparing to march 14 miles, the second-to-last leg of the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been 330 miles. Our bodies hurt, our feet are blistered,” Romero said. “We’re exhausted, but our spirits are high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED's Madi Bolaños and Don Thompson of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "is-there-a-story-behind-those-giant-paintings-off-central-valley-highways-yes-and-its-fraught",
"title": "'It's Kind of a Weird Message': The Fraught Story Behind Those Giant Paintings Off Central Valley Highways",
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"headTitle": "‘It’s Kind of a Weird Message’: The Fraught Story Behind Those Giant Paintings Off Central Valley Highways | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s Central Valley boasts some beautiful landscapes, often missed by drivers bombing down I-5 between Northern and Southern California. But if you’ve ever driven to, say, Salinas or Carmel, you may have noticed some giant art along the way. Scattered throughout the area, off many different roads, are hundreds of brightly colored plywood cutout scenes of Americana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Nick Loey drives these roads regularly and has often wondered about these giant art pieces — some of which are over 20 feet tall — sticking up in random fields in remote locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have a very distinct style, sort of like pop art, that depict what seem to be farmworkers doing jobs in the field or sort of just posing with their pets or farm equipment,” Loey said. He wants to know “whether or not there’s some story behind that set of art. Is it an exposition for a specific artist? Is it a history piece that you’re supposed to admire and enjoy as you’re driving down the freeway, or is it something more?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Answering Nick’s question took us into artist studios and farmworker communities. And like so many things, this art means different things depending on who you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>“Farmer & Irrigator”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’ve never seen these art pieces before, I can’t stress to you how large they are when you get up close to them. But driving by, the static cutouts almost feel interactive. From far away, it can look like figures crouched in the field or standing, surveying the day’s work. It’s only as drivers get closer that they realize the figures aren’t real people at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most iconic of these giant artworks is “Farmer & Irrigator,” found in a field along Highway 68 in Salinas, near an agricultural education center called The Farm. It depicts two men facing away from the highway and toward the landscape. One is standing, leaning his foot on a shovel digging into the dirt, while the other kneels, a handful of dirt in hand, as he surveys the view. Closer to the road, an older man dressed in plaid and a straw hat holds two cabbages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.johncerneymurals.com/index.html\">John Cerney, the artist behind “Farmer & Irrigator,”\u003c/a> along with about 150 other plywood cutout paintings of this style in California, worked in agriculture for close to seven years. He created the art as an homage to the farmworkers providing the country with fresh produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My first job was picking strawberries when I was 15 years old,” Cerney said. “I know how hard the work is. They get up early and it’s a rough life. They’re still underpaid. They work hard and I was happy to get that first gig and elevate them and draw attention to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trouble is, many farmworkers living in these agricultural communities and driving by the art every day don’t feel the same way. That’s in large part because most of the figures are depicted with white or light-colored skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11920662\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11920662\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan.jpg\" alt=\"A large painting of a man with a white mustache, hat and tan jacket stands near the edge of a field, next to the road. The man holds two cabbages with more at his feet.\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-800x753.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-1020x960.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-1536x1446.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the 11 subjects in Cerney’s “Farmer & Irrigator” installation. Closest to the road, the painting is often vandalized. \u003ccite>(Cesar Saldaña/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, for me, that represents the growers,” said Lauro Barajas, regional director for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ufwfoundation.org/\">United Farm Workers\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz and Monterey counties. “It’s a nice painting, but it’s kind of a weird message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been almost 100 years since white farmers worked the land in Salinas, Barajas said. Today, immigrants, most of whom are from states in southern Mexico like Chiapas, Guerrero and Oaxaca, are the ones doing the backbreaking labor of producing food for the country. And they don’t see themselves represented in this artwork.[aside label='Farmworker Support Orgs' link1='https://farmworkerfamily.org,Center For Farmworker Families' link2='https://www.ufwfoundation.org,UFW Foundation']Although some of the subjects in Cerney’s installation are based on photographs of Latinos, the ones that are most easily seen by the public don’t appear to be. Some community members noted that farmworkers work hard to sustain their families and the country’s food supply with their labor, so it’s disheartening to see white or white-passing people take the credit in these highly visible art pieces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since the inception of the UFW, when you do see farmworkers in art pieces, they are usually pretty positive,” said labor-rights activist Dolores Huerta, who co-founded the United Farmworkers (UFW) alongside Larry Itliong and César Chavez. Huerta drove by one of Cerney’s paintings recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’re not farmworkers; they’re the farmers. They are the growers or the owners of the land, not the people that are actually doing the work,” Huerta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cerney confirmed this, saying that the owner of the land commissioned “Farmer & Irrigator” in 1995, directing Cerney to paint himself and members of his family alongside the fieldworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The tensions of public art\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When I told Cerney that some members of the farmworker community don’t feel seen in the installation, he was saddened. He never intended to misrepresent the farmworking community and said that he is just trying to make a living as an artist, something that’s difficult to do nowadays. He uses the commissions he receives to subsidize the work he’s truly passionate about making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11920663\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1076px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11920663\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney.jpg\" alt=\"A middle aged man in a white long sleeved tee shirt and baseball hat poses near a fence. In a trick of perspective, it looks like a giant hand next to him holds a mirror with James' Dean's face reflected.\" width=\"1076\" height=\"878\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney.jpg 1076w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-800x653.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-1020x832.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-160x131.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1076px) 100vw, 1076px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist John Cerney standing near the entrance of his studio where he creates giant highway paintings. Cerney often paints portraits of American celebrities like Marilyn Monroe, James Dean and Aretha Franklin. \u003ccite>(Cesar Saldaña/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If it were left to myself — even though I grew up in this farming area and I worked in the (agriculture) industry myself for eight or nine years before I went to college — I wouldn’t have necessarily picked that,” he said. “It’s just that they asked me to do it, they were paying me, and I’m a hired gun. I did what they wanted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Loey, who first asked about this art, wondered if they were part of a “history piece.” While not intended as such, in many ways they are a testament to the age-old discrepancy in power between landowners who are seen and laborers who are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Cerney’s intentions were good, the thing about public art is that once it’s out there, the artist ceases to be part of the equation. The work is no longer about intent, but rather about the impact it has on those viewing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Drive south down Highway 101 or 68, among others, and you'll likely see giant paintings depicting farm scenes and rural life. We find out what it's all about from the artist who made them famous and get reactions from people living and working in agricultural communities near them.",
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"title": "'It's Kind of a Weird Message': The Fraught Story Behind Those Giant Paintings Off Central Valley Highways | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s Central Valley boasts some beautiful landscapes, often missed by drivers bombing down I-5 between Northern and Southern California. But if you’ve ever driven to, say, Salinas or Carmel, you may have noticed some giant art along the way. Scattered throughout the area, off many different roads, are hundreds of brightly colored plywood cutout scenes of Americana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Nick Loey drives these roads regularly and has often wondered about these giant art pieces — some of which are over 20 feet tall — sticking up in random fields in remote locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have a very distinct style, sort of like pop art, that depict what seem to be farmworkers doing jobs in the field or sort of just posing with their pets or farm equipment,” Loey said. He wants to know “whether or not there’s some story behind that set of art. Is it an exposition for a specific artist? Is it a history piece that you’re supposed to admire and enjoy as you’re driving down the freeway, or is it something more?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Answering Nick’s question took us into artist studios and farmworker communities. And like so many things, this art means different things depending on who you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>“Farmer & Irrigator”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’ve never seen these art pieces before, I can’t stress to you how large they are when you get up close to them. But driving by, the static cutouts almost feel interactive. From far away, it can look like figures crouched in the field or standing, surveying the day’s work. It’s only as drivers get closer that they realize the figures aren’t real people at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most iconic of these giant artworks is “Farmer & Irrigator,” found in a field along Highway 68 in Salinas, near an agricultural education center called The Farm. It depicts two men facing away from the highway and toward the landscape. One is standing, leaning his foot on a shovel digging into the dirt, while the other kneels, a handful of dirt in hand, as he surveys the view. Closer to the road, an older man dressed in plaid and a straw hat holds two cabbages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.johncerneymurals.com/index.html\">John Cerney, the artist behind “Farmer & Irrigator,”\u003c/a> along with about 150 other plywood cutout paintings of this style in California, worked in agriculture for close to seven years. He created the art as an homage to the farmworkers providing the country with fresh produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My first job was picking strawberries when I was 15 years old,” Cerney said. “I know how hard the work is. They get up early and it’s a rough life. They’re still underpaid. They work hard and I was happy to get that first gig and elevate them and draw attention to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trouble is, many farmworkers living in these agricultural communities and driving by the art every day don’t feel the same way. That’s in large part because most of the figures are depicted with white or light-colored skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11920662\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11920662\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan.jpg\" alt=\"A large painting of a man with a white mustache, hat and tan jacket stands near the edge of a field, next to the road. The man holds two cabbages with more at his feet.\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-800x753.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-1020x960.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-1536x1446.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the 11 subjects in Cerney’s “Farmer & Irrigator” installation. Closest to the road, the painting is often vandalized. \u003ccite>(Cesar Saldaña/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, for me, that represents the growers,” said Lauro Barajas, regional director for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ufwfoundation.org/\">United Farm Workers\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz and Monterey counties. “It’s a nice painting, but it’s kind of a weird message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been almost 100 years since white farmers worked the land in Salinas, Barajas said. Today, immigrants, most of whom are from states in southern Mexico like Chiapas, Guerrero and Oaxaca, are the ones doing the backbreaking labor of producing food for the country. And they don’t see themselves represented in this artwork.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Although some of the subjects in Cerney’s installation are based on photographs of Latinos, the ones that are most easily seen by the public don’t appear to be. Some community members noted that farmworkers work hard to sustain their families and the country’s food supply with their labor, so it’s disheartening to see white or white-passing people take the credit in these highly visible art pieces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since the inception of the UFW, when you do see farmworkers in art pieces, they are usually pretty positive,” said labor-rights activist Dolores Huerta, who co-founded the United Farmworkers (UFW) alongside Larry Itliong and César Chavez. Huerta drove by one of Cerney’s paintings recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’re not farmworkers; they’re the farmers. They are the growers or the owners of the land, not the people that are actually doing the work,” Huerta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cerney confirmed this, saying that the owner of the land commissioned “Farmer & Irrigator” in 1995, directing Cerney to paint himself and members of his family alongside the fieldworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The tensions of public art\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When I told Cerney that some members of the farmworker community don’t feel seen in the installation, he was saddened. He never intended to misrepresent the farmworking community and said that he is just trying to make a living as an artist, something that’s difficult to do nowadays. He uses the commissions he receives to subsidize the work he’s truly passionate about making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11920663\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1076px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11920663\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney.jpg\" alt=\"A middle aged man in a white long sleeved tee shirt and baseball hat poses near a fence. In a trick of perspective, it looks like a giant hand next to him holds a mirror with James' Dean's face reflected.\" width=\"1076\" height=\"878\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney.jpg 1076w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-800x653.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-1020x832.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-160x131.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1076px) 100vw, 1076px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist John Cerney standing near the entrance of his studio where he creates giant highway paintings. Cerney often paints portraits of American celebrities like Marilyn Monroe, James Dean and Aretha Franklin. \u003ccite>(Cesar Saldaña/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If it were left to myself — even though I grew up in this farming area and I worked in the (agriculture) industry myself for eight or nine years before I went to college — I wouldn’t have necessarily picked that,” he said. “It’s just that they asked me to do it, they were paying me, and I’m a hired gun. I did what they wanted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Loey, who first asked about this art, wondered if they were part of a “history piece.” While not intended as such, in many ways they are a testament to the age-old discrepancy in power between landowners who are seen and laborers who are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Cerney’s intentions were good, the thing about public art is that once it’s out there, the artist ceases to be part of the equation. The work is no longer about intent, but rather about the impact it has on those viewing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On Thursday — César Chávez Day — a group of about 50 farmworkers, advocates and community members gathered in Fresno to march in honor of the late labor leader and to once again ask Gov. Gavin Newsom to sign a bill that would make it easier for farmworkers to vote in union elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Farmworkers are asking what could be more important than meeting with farmworkers on César Chávez Day,” said Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns for the United Farm Workers, in a recent interview with The Bee. On Wednesday, Newsom’s office confirmed that he and his family were on vacation in Central and South America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The march was part of a series of events organized by the UFW and its foundation in 13 rural and urban California cities — including San Francisco, San Jose and Berkeley — in which farmworkers gathered to raise awareness about the Agricultural Labor Relations Voting Choice Act, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2183\">AB 2183\u003c/a>, a bill that would give farmworkers the option to vote by mail in union elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those marching in Fresno on Thursday were San Joaquin Valley elected officials: Santos Garcia, the mayor of Madera; and Jose Sigala, a councilmember from Tulare currently running for state Assembly for the 33rd District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m here to lend support to this legislation,” said Sigala. “Hopefully, the governor sees not only this action but the action across the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11910131 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man and a woman in focus amid other demonstrators, slightly blurred, wear red facemasks reading 'Cesar Chavez' in black with the black UFW phoenix symbol, and hold signs black-and-white signs reading 'Support Farm Workers: I'm ready to march for the governor's signature.'\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Augustin and Elvia Ramirez listen to speakers on Cesar Chavez Street in San Francisco on March 31, 2022, during a demonstration in support of a bill to allow farmworkers to vote by mail in union elections. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coordinated marches took place less than a year after the \u003ca href=\"https://account.sacbee.com/paywall/subscriber-only?resume=254452908&intcid=ab_archive\">UFW organized a march to the French Laundry\u003c/a> — a reference to the pricey meal Newsom had with lobbyists as he asked other Californians to avoid mixed groups and indoor settings during the coronavirus pandemic — after Newsom vetoed an initial version of the bill, AB 616, last September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lourdes Cardenas, farmworker and union member from Fresno\"]'[Newsom] asked for votes by mail. That's why he's still in office. Why can't we have the same rights?'[/pullquote]Labor leaders, Assemblymembers and farmworkers say they are hopeful that the governor will sign the legislation into law this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope it passes,” said Anthony Arano, a Fresno-area resident who came out to support the march. “Latinos need to be heard. We’re part of this country, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Legislators 'hopeful' governor will sign bill\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last year, Assemblymember Mark Stone, a Democrat from Santa Cruz, authored AB 616, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article257348102.html\">a bill that would allow California farmworkers to vote for a union by mail\u003c/a> instead of in-person secret ballot elections conducted on a grower’s property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmworker advocates said farmworkers feel intimidated during union elections, which, under the state’s Agricultural Labor Relations Act, currently take place directly on growers’ property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill is “pretty straightforward,” said Strater. “It’s to extend to farmworkers a more modernized, flexible choice when it comes to how they vote under union elections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently other nonagricultural unions covered by the National Labor Relations Act — the federal labor law that excludes farmworkers and domestic workers — already have alternative voting options during a union election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agriculture grower associations opposed the bill, and the California Chamber of Commerce included the legislation on its “job killer” list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union officials said they had been trying to meet with Newsom for months to discuss the bill prior to his veto and called the veto hypocritical since the governor was able to avoid recall in part due to the vote-by-mail option during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He asked for votes by mail. That’s why he’s still in office,” said Lourdes Cardenas, a farmworker and union member from Fresno during Thursday’s march. “Why can’t we have the same rights?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislators are confident that the bill will be signed this time around and have garnered even more support for the proposed legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is something that the Legislature finds very important. We have a lot of co-authors. We’ve generated a lot of interest among legislators,” said Stone in an interview with The Bee on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910134\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11910134 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Chesa Boudin, a white man with a trim beard and trim haircut with a receding hairline, wears a dark suit, light blue shirt, and blue tie, with a star-shaped lapel pin, and smiles slightly as he holds a sign reading 'Support Farm Workers: I'm ready to march for the governor's signature.' He walks alongside a man wearing a bright orange vest, a ball cap, and sunglasses who is also smiling. Many people around the two are smiling (and others are masked), and a man behind Boudin holds up a cellphone horizontally, as if he might be filming or photographing the DA.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin (wearing tie) joins a demonstration in support of a bill to allow farmworkers to vote by mail in union elections on César Chávez Day on March 31, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fifty legislators have co-signed this year’s version of the voting rights bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m very hopeful that what we put on the governor’s desk this year, he’ll sign,” Stone said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed legislation would allow farmworkers to vote either in an all-mail election or a more traditional polling-place type of election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stone’s office and the UFW, who are co-sponsors of the bill, say they have been working with Newsom’s office on the suggested changes he detailed in his veto letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will the bill spur renewed UFW organizing?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Strater said she hopes that the legislation will spur more union election activity, critics of the union aren’t as confident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='farmworkers']William Gould, an outspoken critic of the union who has served on state and federal labor relations boards, told The Bee in January that nobody is organizing the farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if this bill is reintroduced, I doubt that that’s going to change appreciably,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the Agricultural Labor Relations Board received only one request for union representation, from a cannabis farm in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Strater said that “with organizing work, there are no shortcuts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 2183 will “certainly empower” workers to come together, form committees, and organize themselves, said Strater, and it will “level the playing field between the workers and their employers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If passed, Strater said, the new bill will show farmworkers that the “final hurdle” of a union election vote “is not going to be so impossibly high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Melissa Montalvo is a reporter with The Fresno Bee and a Report for America corps member. This article is part of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/the-california-divide/\">The California Divide\u003c/a>, a collaboration among newsrooms examining income inequity and economic survival in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Farmworkers and their supporters marched in 13 California cities Thursday, asking Gov. Gavin Newsom to sign a bill that would make voting easier in union elections.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Thursday — César Chávez Day — a group of about 50 farmworkers, advocates and community members gathered in Fresno to march in honor of the late labor leader and to once again ask Gov. Gavin Newsom to sign a bill that would make it easier for farmworkers to vote in union elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Farmworkers are asking what could be more important than meeting with farmworkers on César Chávez Day,” said Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns for the United Farm Workers, in a recent interview with The Bee. On Wednesday, Newsom’s office confirmed that he and his family were on vacation in Central and South America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The march was part of a series of events organized by the UFW and its foundation in 13 rural and urban California cities — including San Francisco, San Jose and Berkeley — in which farmworkers gathered to raise awareness about the Agricultural Labor Relations Voting Choice Act, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2183\">AB 2183\u003c/a>, a bill that would give farmworkers the option to vote by mail in union elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those marching in Fresno on Thursday were San Joaquin Valley elected officials: Santos Garcia, the mayor of Madera; and Jose Sigala, a councilmember from Tulare currently running for state Assembly for the 33rd District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m here to lend support to this legislation,” said Sigala. “Hopefully, the governor sees not only this action but the action across the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11910131 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man and a woman in focus amid other demonstrators, slightly blurred, wear red facemasks reading 'Cesar Chavez' in black with the black UFW phoenix symbol, and hold signs black-and-white signs reading 'Support Farm Workers: I'm ready to march for the governor's signature.'\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54924_033_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Augustin and Elvia Ramirez listen to speakers on Cesar Chavez Street in San Francisco on March 31, 2022, during a demonstration in support of a bill to allow farmworkers to vote by mail in union elections. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coordinated marches took place less than a year after the \u003ca href=\"https://account.sacbee.com/paywall/subscriber-only?resume=254452908&intcid=ab_archive\">UFW organized a march to the French Laundry\u003c/a> — a reference to the pricey meal Newsom had with lobbyists as he asked other Californians to avoid mixed groups and indoor settings during the coronavirus pandemic — after Newsom vetoed an initial version of the bill, AB 616, last September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Labor leaders, Assemblymembers and farmworkers say they are hopeful that the governor will sign the legislation into law this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope it passes,” said Anthony Arano, a Fresno-area resident who came out to support the march. “Latinos need to be heard. We’re part of this country, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Legislators 'hopeful' governor will sign bill\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last year, Assemblymember Mark Stone, a Democrat from Santa Cruz, authored AB 616, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article257348102.html\">a bill that would allow California farmworkers to vote for a union by mail\u003c/a> instead of in-person secret ballot elections conducted on a grower’s property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmworker advocates said farmworkers feel intimidated during union elections, which, under the state’s Agricultural Labor Relations Act, currently take place directly on growers’ property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill is “pretty straightforward,” said Strater. “It’s to extend to farmworkers a more modernized, flexible choice when it comes to how they vote under union elections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently other nonagricultural unions covered by the National Labor Relations Act — the federal labor law that excludes farmworkers and domestic workers — already have alternative voting options during a union election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agriculture grower associations opposed the bill, and the California Chamber of Commerce included the legislation on its “job killer” list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union officials said they had been trying to meet with Newsom for months to discuss the bill prior to his veto and called the veto hypocritical since the governor was able to avoid recall in part due to the vote-by-mail option during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He asked for votes by mail. That’s why he’s still in office,” said Lourdes Cardenas, a farmworker and union member from Fresno during Thursday’s march. “Why can’t we have the same rights?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislators are confident that the bill will be signed this time around and have garnered even more support for the proposed legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is something that the Legislature finds very important. We have a lot of co-authors. We’ve generated a lot of interest among legislators,” said Stone in an interview with The Bee on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910134\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11910134 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Chesa Boudin, a white man with a trim beard and trim haircut with a receding hairline, wears a dark suit, light blue shirt, and blue tie, with a star-shaped lapel pin, and smiles slightly as he holds a sign reading 'Support Farm Workers: I'm ready to march for the governor's signature.' He walks alongside a man wearing a bright orange vest, a ball cap, and sunglasses who is also smiling. Many people around the two are smiling (and others are masked), and a man behind Boudin holds up a cellphone horizontally, as if he might be filming or photographing the DA.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS54928_037_KQED_CesarChavezDayUFWRally_03312022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin (wearing tie) joins a demonstration in support of a bill to allow farmworkers to vote by mail in union elections on César Chávez Day on March 31, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fifty legislators have co-signed this year’s version of the voting rights bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m very hopeful that what we put on the governor’s desk this year, he’ll sign,” Stone said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed legislation would allow farmworkers to vote either in an all-mail election or a more traditional polling-place type of election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stone’s office and the UFW, who are co-sponsors of the bill, say they have been working with Newsom’s office on the suggested changes he detailed in his veto letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will the bill spur renewed UFW organizing?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Strater said she hopes that the legislation will spur more union election activity, critics of the union aren’t as confident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>William Gould, an outspoken critic of the union who has served on state and federal labor relations boards, told The Bee in January that nobody is organizing the farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if this bill is reintroduced, I doubt that that’s going to change appreciably,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the Agricultural Labor Relations Board received only one request for union representation, from a cannabis farm in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Strater said that “with organizing work, there are no shortcuts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 2183 will “certainly empower” workers to come together, form committees, and organize themselves, said Strater, and it will “level the playing field between the workers and their employers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If passed, Strater said, the new bill will show farmworkers that the “final hurdle” of a union election vote “is not going to be so impossibly high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Melissa Montalvo is a reporter with The Fresno Bee and a Report for America corps member. This article is part of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/the-california-divide/\">The California Divide\u003c/a>, a collaboration among newsrooms examining income inequity and economic survival in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "California's Undocumented Workers Would Get Unemployment Benefits Under New Bill",
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"content": "\u003cp>Dozens of immigrant and worker rights advocates rallied in Sacramento on Thursday for the creation of a temporary wage replacement program for California's undocumented immigrants who become unemployed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People without work permits are excluded from unemployment insurance benefits, even though they comprise a significant portion of the state’s labor force in key industries such as agriculture and construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As businesses closed during the pandemic, undocumented immigrants who lost their jobs were often left with no income to pay for rent and other basic needs. But they were ineligible for most federal public benefit programs and COVID-19 relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Maria Venegas, indigenous Maya immigrant from Mexico\"]'I came to support this bill not just for me but for our community ... so we don’t go through the same crisis again of losing our jobs without having access to any unemployment benefits'[/pullquote]A \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2847\">new California bill\u003c/a> by Assemblymember Eduardo Garcia (D-Coachella) would create the first-ever pilot program to offer $300 per week for up to 20 weeks to workers who are ineligible for unemployment insurance benefits because they are undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's time for California to take the lead on this issue, upholding California's values and taking care of all Californians – not just some, but all Californians,” said Garcia, who represents a largely Latino district in eastern Riverside and Imperial counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Excluded Workers Pilot Program will rightfully provide unemployment benefits to workers who have earned them, but are ineligible due to their documentation status,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal, AB 2847, would task the California Labor and Workforce Development Agency with administering the income assistance, which would be offered next year at a cost of $690 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would also require the agency to recommend plans to establish a permanent unemployment insurance benefit program for undocumented Californians by Aug. 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, people without lawful immigration status contribute an estimated $3 billion per year in local and state taxes, according to the nonprofit Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11907211\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11907211\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign.jpg\" alt=\"baby in stroller with pacifier in her mouth holds sign\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1655\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign-800x690.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign-1020x879.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign-160x138.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign-1536x1324.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ayla Arroyo, 1, from Orange County holds a sign in Spanish that reads 'Safety Net for All Coalition,' at a rally at the state Capitol on March 3, 2022. A coalition of more than 100 California organizations is calling for unemployment benefits for undocumented workers. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Sumeet Bal, California Immigrant Policy Center)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Maria Venegas, one of the speakers at the Sacramento rally, said she lost her job at a restaurant in San Francisco early in the pandemic and remained unemployed for several months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Venegas remembers having to explain to her two sons, ages 10 and 15, that they had run out of money to pay rent. The family relied on food banks to survive and was ultimately evicted, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I sacrificed so much to be able to support my children,” said Venegas, an indigenous Maya immigrant from Mexico. “I came to support this bill not just for me but for our community ... so we don’t go through the same crisis again of losing our jobs without having access to any unemployment benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11906868]More than 5.2 million Californians were either undocumented or lived in a household with an undocumented person in 2018, according to census data analyzed by researchers at the University of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Dozens of immigrant and worker rights advocates rallied in Sacramento on Thursday for the creation of a temporary wage replacement program for California's undocumented immigrants who become unemployed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People without work permits are excluded from unemployment insurance benefits, even though they comprise a significant portion of the state’s labor force in key industries such as agriculture and construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As businesses closed during the pandemic, undocumented immigrants who lost their jobs were often left with no income to pay for rent and other basic needs. But they were ineligible for most federal public benefit programs and COVID-19 relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2847\">new California bill\u003c/a> by Assemblymember Eduardo Garcia (D-Coachella) would create the first-ever pilot program to offer $300 per week for up to 20 weeks to workers who are ineligible for unemployment insurance benefits because they are undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's time for California to take the lead on this issue, upholding California's values and taking care of all Californians – not just some, but all Californians,” said Garcia, who represents a largely Latino district in eastern Riverside and Imperial counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Excluded Workers Pilot Program will rightfully provide unemployment benefits to workers who have earned them, but are ineligible due to their documentation status,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal, AB 2847, would task the California Labor and Workforce Development Agency with administering the income assistance, which would be offered next year at a cost of $690 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would also require the agency to recommend plans to establish a permanent unemployment insurance benefit program for undocumented Californians by Aug. 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, people without lawful immigration status contribute an estimated $3 billion per year in local and state taxes, according to the nonprofit Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11907211\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11907211\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign.jpg\" alt=\"baby in stroller with pacifier in her mouth holds sign\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1655\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign-800x690.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign-1020x879.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign-160x138.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/WorkersRallyBabyWithSign-1536x1324.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ayla Arroyo, 1, from Orange County holds a sign in Spanish that reads 'Safety Net for All Coalition,' at a rally at the state Capitol on March 3, 2022. A coalition of more than 100 California organizations is calling for unemployment benefits for undocumented workers. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Sumeet Bal, California Immigrant Policy Center)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Maria Venegas, one of the speakers at the Sacramento rally, said she lost her job at a restaurant in San Francisco early in the pandemic and remained unemployed for several months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Venegas remembers having to explain to her two sons, ages 10 and 15, that they had run out of money to pay rent. The family relied on food banks to survive and was ultimately evicted, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I sacrificed so much to be able to support my children,” said Venegas, an indigenous Maya immigrant from Mexico. “I came to support this bill not just for me but for our community ... so we don’t go through the same crisis again of losing our jobs without having access to any unemployment benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>More than 5.2 million Californians were either undocumented or lived in a household with an undocumented person in 2018, according to census data analyzed by researchers at the University of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "'He Taught Me What Unconditional Love Is': A Granddaughter Remembers Her Papi Tomás, Lost to COVID",
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"headTitle": "‘He Taught Me What Unconditional Love Is’: A Granddaughter Remembers Her Papi Tomás, Lost to COVID | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>More than 80,000 Californians have died so far from COVID-19. \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\">The California Report Magazine\u003c/a> has been honoring some of them with a series of tributes from loved ones. If you’d like to submit a remembrance, please \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/lost2covid\">fill out this form\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This tribute to Tomás Reyes Soto comes from his granddaughter Madi Bolaños, a radio reporter at KVPR, the local NPR station in Fresno.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We all called my grandfather Papi Tomás. He died on Dec. 13, 2020, a week before his 69th birthday. In the year since his death, I’ve had a lot of time to think about his legacy and what his decisions meant for me and my future. I feel this extreme sense of gratitude to him. My Papi Tomás taught me the value of hard work, to have pride in my work, and that nothing was out of my reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903996\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11903996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT-800x1017.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1017\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT-800x1017.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT-1020x1297.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT-160x203.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT.jpg 1125w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto with his grandchildren, Robert Murillo II (top left), Crishtian Ceja (top center), Judith Ceja (top right) and Madi Bolaños. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Papi Tomás was born in Pueblo Nuevo, in the Mexican state of Durango, in 1951. When he was 12, he started traveling to the neighboring state of Sinaloa to work picking tomatoes. On one of his trips, when he was 16, he met my grandma, Elisa Aguilar Zepeda, who we call Mami Licha. She says he was very direct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He went up to me and said, ‘You’re going to be my wife, chaparrita,’” she told me in Spanish. “I told him, ‘You’re crazy.’ That Saturday, he sent a mariachi that played music from Northern Mexico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They married and had five kids together. Soon after, they moved to Mexicali, on the border with California. He was a taquero, making and selling tacos. My mom, Monica Reyes-Aguilar, says some of her favorite memories are helping him cut cabbage and tomatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903999\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11903999\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT-800x768.jpg\" alt=\"An old, damaged photo of a man and a woman close together.\" width=\"288\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT-800x768.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT-1020x979.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT-160x154.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT.jpg 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 288px) 100vw, 288px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto and his wife, Elisa de Reyes in Mexicali, Mexico, in 1980. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I just remember he used to make the best tacos, the best flour tortillas, tacos with the best salsas,” she said. “He made really good spicy salsa. That was his thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mami Licha said Papi Tomás always had bigger dreams to move to the United States. He never attended school as a child, and he didn’t want that for his kids. So in 1985, he took his wife and kids through the desert to cross the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He had the idea that his children had to grow up in the United States and that they were going to be the best there,” Mami Licha told me. “He was always proud of their accomplishments. When our two oldest kids graduated from university, he cried so hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mami Licha says sometimes she felt like her kids loved their dad more than her, because she had to be the strict one. But my mom remembers her dad being even more strict than her mom, especially after he came home from a long day of work in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d see the truck and we would run home, make sure that house was clean and everything was nice and tidy because Papi Tomás was coming,” my mom recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He picked garlic, olives and oranges for 40 years. He enjoyed it. It was honest work, but he wanted his kids to strive for more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would tell all of us, ‘You better pay attention in school or this will be your future,'” my mom said. “And I took it literally. I wanted to get straight A’s because I did not like working in the fields.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Papi Tomás’s kids remember him as a tough-love kind of dad. But that changed when he became a grandfather. I was born when my mom was 20 years old. She was a single mother. Many people, including my grandpa, told her she was making the wrong decision by keeping me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11904003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11904003 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-800x1057.jpg\" alt=\"An grandfather standing outside with his arm around his granddaughter.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1057\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-800x1057.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-1020x1348.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-160x211.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-1162x1536.jpg 1162w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT.jpg 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto and his granddaughter Madi Bolaños on her 23rd birthday. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My mom says their relationship was contentious for the first year of my life. But she was determined to prove him wrong and everyone else who doubted her. She was going to be a successful single mom because her dad taught her to be hardworking and determined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She got a job as a teller at a bank. Now she works as a lending consultant. And she owns a new home near the same fields where her dad took her to pick olives as a teenager. He would always say, “A chambear porque nacimos bonitos pero pobres!” (Translation: “Work hard because we were born good-looking but poor!”) She took that literally, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was his fifth grandchild. Altogether, there were 15 of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More stories from our 'Lost to COVID' series\" tag=\"lost-to-covid\"]“He’d start counting them,” Mami Licha remembered. “Every few years he’d say, ‘How many are there now?’ And he’d name them, but not by their actual names, by the nicknames he’d give them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called one of his grandson’s “rábanito,” Spanish for radish, because he blushed easily. Another one was “nadador” (swimmer), because he was trying to swim in the tub at only 6 months old. I was his “Monicita Jr.” or his “Madi Yupi.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a kid, it was a great morning if he’d call and say, in Spanish, “Madi Yupi, do you want me to pick you up from school today?” I’d run out of my classroom and see him waiting for me in his pickup truck wearing his jeans, a button-up shirt, a hat and his signature mustache. He’d dye his mustache every few months when it started to turn gray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that time, he worked as a supervisor in the fields. After picking me up, he’d usually have to go back to work or run a few work-related errands. I remember on one of those days, we stopped at the gas station near his house and from inside his truck he called out to a woman on the street. He told her, “Be careful, immigration agents are driving around the neighborhood.” He was always looking out for his undocumented community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I knew I could always count on my Papi Tomás. He taught me what unconditional love is. He was a second father to all of his grandchildren. He was even a father figure to his nephew and niece Grecia and Angel Mundaca, who didn’t have a present father.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903990\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11903990 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A man sits with his young granddaughter on his lap in a kitchen.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1831\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-800x572.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-1536x1099.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-2048x1465.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-1920x1373.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto and his granddaughter Madi Bolaños in Fresno in 2003. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the last few years before his death, he spent the most time with his younger grandchildren Mario Olguin, 11, and Melanie Olguin, 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, if my mom or dad wasn’t there when I needed them, who would be there? My grandpa,” Mario Olguin told me. “He would always be there when I needed him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would always pick me up from school and he just wanted to hang out more with me and, like, get to know me better,” Melanie Olguin said. “He’d be like, ‘Oh, let’s go to eat.’ Oh, look at your belly, so tiny, so small. You look so skinny. Let’s go out to eat.’ All the time.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Mario Olguin, one of Soto's 15 grandchildren\"]‘I mean, if my mom or dad wasn’t there when I needed them, who would be there? My grandpa. He would always be there when I needed him.’[/pullquote]His grandchildren were the joy of the second half of his life. But that time was also far from easy for him. He had high cholesterol, but he didn’t take it seriously until he had a heart attack at age 57. He underwent major heart surgeries shortly after. Then, at age 68, he was diagnosed with prostate cancer. In the final years of his life, he’d talk about his death like it was just around the corner. He’d tell us to make sure we took care of our grandma, our Mami Licha, after he died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of the pandemic, Papi Tomás took COVID-19 very seriously. He only left his house to go work in the fields. Then in late November 2020, Mami Licha contracted the virus while working as a housekeeper at a hospital. Papi Tomás took care of her. Then he contracted the virus, and so did my mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My body was in a lot of pain and all I can think of is that I hope my dad is not in the same pain that I am going through,” my mom remembered. “And the next day when we learned that he had passed away, it was painful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had been sick for a few days. My grandma tried convincing him to go to the hospital, but he told her he didn’t want to die alone. She tried to convince him that since she worked at the hospital, she would check in on him as often as she could. He still refused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903992\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11903992 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-800x453.jpg\" alt=\"An older man with a mustache with his head next to his granddaughter.\" width=\"800\" height=\"453\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-800x453.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-1020x578.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-160x91.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-1536x871.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-1920x1088.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT.jpg 2036w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto (with his signature dyed mustache) and his granddaughter Melanie Olguin. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My Mami Licha found him at home, lifeless, after returning from her night shift at the hospital. That morning, I remember waking up to a scream from across the house. My cousins had gotten the news. My mom, who had been bedridden for days, suddenly had the energy to get dressed. We all raced to the car, tears streaming down our faces as we made the 25-minute drive to my grandparents’ house. All his children and most of us grandchildren arrived shortly after hearing the news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were parked right there outside the driveway,” Melanie remembered. “I remember my mom screaming really loud, ‘Oh, no, no, no, you’re lying!’ in Spanish. She was like, ‘You’re lying! He’s fine!’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tomás Reyes Soto died in his sleep, lying on his side with his hands clasped together in front of him. For my mom and me the grief is still very real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s still painful,” she told me. “You never want to go through that pain that your parents are gone, especially someone that you care for so much.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year before my grandpa died, I graduated college and got an internship in Washington, D.C. The day before I left, I went to visit him. I told him how grateful I was for his sacrifices, for the values he instilled in my mom and that she passed on to me. The values that allowed me to fly across the country to pursue my dream of becoming a reporter. We hugged and shared a few tears together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later that day, my mom told me Papi Tomás called her to tell her she did a good job raising me. I felt and still feel indebted to him and my mom for the sacrifices they made for me. I’m just happy I was able to tell him that before he passed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSckOJOhLOFX1NkhVutxIrCJeo1LxJejpCRt4cyNWdgzeQRk1A/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>More than 80,000 Californians have died so far from COVID-19. \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\">The California Report Magazine\u003c/a> has been honoring some of them with a series of tributes from loved ones. If you’d like to submit a remembrance, please \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/lost2covid\">fill out this form\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This tribute to Tomás Reyes Soto comes from his granddaughter Madi Bolaños, a radio reporter at KVPR, the local NPR station in Fresno.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We all called my grandfather Papi Tomás. He died on Dec. 13, 2020, a week before his 69th birthday. In the year since his death, I’ve had a lot of time to think about his legacy and what his decisions meant for me and my future. I feel this extreme sense of gratitude to him. My Papi Tomás taught me the value of hard work, to have pride in my work, and that nothing was out of my reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903996\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11903996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT-800x1017.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1017\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT-800x1017.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT-1020x1297.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT-160x203.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image1PT.jpg 1125w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto with his grandchildren, Robert Murillo II (top left), Crishtian Ceja (top center), Judith Ceja (top right) and Madi Bolaños. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Papi Tomás was born in Pueblo Nuevo, in the Mexican state of Durango, in 1951. When he was 12, he started traveling to the neighboring state of Sinaloa to work picking tomatoes. On one of his trips, when he was 16, he met my grandma, Elisa Aguilar Zepeda, who we call Mami Licha. She says he was very direct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He went up to me and said, ‘You’re going to be my wife, chaparrita,’” she told me in Spanish. “I told him, ‘You’re crazy.’ That Saturday, he sent a mariachi that played music from Northern Mexico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They married and had five kids together. Soon after, they moved to Mexicali, on the border with California. He was a taquero, making and selling tacos. My mom, Monica Reyes-Aguilar, says some of her favorite memories are helping him cut cabbage and tomatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903999\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11903999\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT-800x768.jpg\" alt=\"An old, damaged photo of a man and a woman close together.\" width=\"288\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT-800x768.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT-1020x979.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT-160x154.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image4PT.jpg 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 288px) 100vw, 288px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto and his wife, Elisa de Reyes in Mexicali, Mexico, in 1980. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I just remember he used to make the best tacos, the best flour tortillas, tacos with the best salsas,” she said. “He made really good spicy salsa. That was his thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mami Licha said Papi Tomás always had bigger dreams to move to the United States. He never attended school as a child, and he didn’t want that for his kids. So in 1985, he took his wife and kids through the desert to cross the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He had the idea that his children had to grow up in the United States and that they were going to be the best there,” Mami Licha told me. “He was always proud of their accomplishments. When our two oldest kids graduated from university, he cried so hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mami Licha says sometimes she felt like her kids loved their dad more than her, because she had to be the strict one. But my mom remembers her dad being even more strict than her mom, especially after he came home from a long day of work in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d see the truck and we would run home, make sure that house was clean and everything was nice and tidy because Papi Tomás was coming,” my mom recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He picked garlic, olives and oranges for 40 years. He enjoyed it. It was honest work, but he wanted his kids to strive for more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would tell all of us, ‘You better pay attention in school or this will be your future,'” my mom said. “And I took it literally. I wanted to get straight A’s because I did not like working in the fields.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Papi Tomás’s kids remember him as a tough-love kind of dad. But that changed when he became a grandfather. I was born when my mom was 20 years old. She was a single mother. Many people, including my grandpa, told her she was making the wrong decision by keeping me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11904003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11904003 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-800x1057.jpg\" alt=\"An grandfather standing outside with his arm around his granddaughter.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1057\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-800x1057.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-1020x1348.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-160x211.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT-1162x1536.jpg 1162w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image2PT.jpg 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto and his granddaughter Madi Bolaños on her 23rd birthday. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My mom says their relationship was contentious for the first year of my life. But she was determined to prove him wrong and everyone else who doubted her. She was going to be a successful single mom because her dad taught her to be hardworking and determined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She got a job as a teller at a bank. Now she works as a lending consultant. And she owns a new home near the same fields where her dad took her to pick olives as a teenager. He would always say, “A chambear porque nacimos bonitos pero pobres!” (Translation: “Work hard because we were born good-looking but poor!”) She took that literally, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was his fifth grandchild. Altogether, there were 15 of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“He’d start counting them,” Mami Licha remembered. “Every few years he’d say, ‘How many are there now?’ And he’d name them, but not by their actual names, by the nicknames he’d give them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called one of his grandson’s “rábanito,” Spanish for radish, because he blushed easily. Another one was “nadador” (swimmer), because he was trying to swim in the tub at only 6 months old. I was his “Monicita Jr.” or his “Madi Yupi.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a kid, it was a great morning if he’d call and say, in Spanish, “Madi Yupi, do you want me to pick you up from school today?” I’d run out of my classroom and see him waiting for me in his pickup truck wearing his jeans, a button-up shirt, a hat and his signature mustache. He’d dye his mustache every few months when it started to turn gray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that time, he worked as a supervisor in the fields. After picking me up, he’d usually have to go back to work or run a few work-related errands. I remember on one of those days, we stopped at the gas station near his house and from inside his truck he called out to a woman on the street. He told her, “Be careful, immigration agents are driving around the neighborhood.” He was always looking out for his undocumented community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I knew I could always count on my Papi Tomás. He taught me what unconditional love is. He was a second father to all of his grandchildren. He was even a father figure to his nephew and niece Grecia and Angel Mundaca, who didn’t have a present father.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903990\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11903990 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A man sits with his young granddaughter on his lap in a kitchen.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1831\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-800x572.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-1536x1099.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-2048x1465.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image7PT-1920x1373.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto and his granddaughter Madi Bolaños in Fresno in 2003. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the last few years before his death, he spent the most time with his younger grandchildren Mario Olguin, 11, and Melanie Olguin, 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, if my mom or dad wasn’t there when I needed them, who would be there? My grandpa,” Mario Olguin told me. “He would always be there when I needed him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would always pick me up from school and he just wanted to hang out more with me and, like, get to know me better,” Melanie Olguin said. “He’d be like, ‘Oh, let’s go to eat.’ Oh, look at your belly, so tiny, so small. You look so skinny. Let’s go out to eat.’ All the time.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>His grandchildren were the joy of the second half of his life. But that time was also far from easy for him. He had high cholesterol, but he didn’t take it seriously until he had a heart attack at age 57. He underwent major heart surgeries shortly after. Then, at age 68, he was diagnosed with prostate cancer. In the final years of his life, he’d talk about his death like it was just around the corner. He’d tell us to make sure we took care of our grandma, our Mami Licha, after he died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of the pandemic, Papi Tomás took COVID-19 very seriously. He only left his house to go work in the fields. Then in late November 2020, Mami Licha contracted the virus while working as a housekeeper at a hospital. Papi Tomás took care of her. Then he contracted the virus, and so did my mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My body was in a lot of pain and all I can think of is that I hope my dad is not in the same pain that I am going through,” my mom remembered. “And the next day when we learned that he had passed away, it was painful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had been sick for a few days. My grandma tried convincing him to go to the hospital, but he told her he didn’t want to die alone. She tried to convince him that since she worked at the hospital, she would check in on him as often as she could. He still refused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903992\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11903992 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-800x453.jpg\" alt=\"An older man with a mustache with his head next to his granddaughter.\" width=\"800\" height=\"453\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-800x453.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-1020x578.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-160x91.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-1536x871.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT-1920x1088.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/image3PT.jpg 2036w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tomás Reyes Soto (with his signature dyed mustache) and his granddaughter Melanie Olguin. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Madi Bolaños)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My Mami Licha found him at home, lifeless, after returning from her night shift at the hospital. That morning, I remember waking up to a scream from across the house. My cousins had gotten the news. My mom, who had been bedridden for days, suddenly had the energy to get dressed. We all raced to the car, tears streaming down our faces as we made the 25-minute drive to my grandparents’ house. All his children and most of us grandchildren arrived shortly after hearing the news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were parked right there outside the driveway,” Melanie remembered. “I remember my mom screaming really loud, ‘Oh, no, no, no, you’re lying!’ in Spanish. She was like, ‘You’re lying! He’s fine!’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tomás Reyes Soto died in his sleep, lying on his side with his hands clasped together in front of him. For my mom and me the grief is still very real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s still painful,” she told me. “You never want to go through that pain that your parents are gone, especially someone that you care for so much.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year before my grandpa died, I graduated college and got an internship in Washington, D.C. The day before I left, I went to visit him. I told him how grateful I was for his sacrifices, for the values he instilled in my mom and that she passed on to me. The values that allowed me to fly across the country to pursue my dream of becoming a reporter. We hugged and shared a few tears together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later that day, my mom told me Papi Tomás called her to tell her she did a good job raising me. I felt and still feel indebted to him and my mom for the sacrifices they made for me. I’m just happy I was able to tell him that before he passed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In his debut collection, “Gordo,” artist and author \u003ca href=\"https://jaimecortez.org/page/1-About.html\">Jaime Cortez\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> pens short stories set in the central coast farmworker camps he grew up in near Watsonville and San Juan Bautista. By the time he was 10, Jaime was a veteran of the annual garlic and potato harvests. The book, which he says is “semi-autobiographical,” is a journey of queer self-discovery and complex identities that don’t fit the usual stereotypes of Steinbeck country, with lots of humor blended in. Cortez recently spoke with California Report Magazine host Sasha Khokha about the new collection.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Excerpts from their interview are edited for brevity and clarity. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jaime Cortez, artist and author\"]‘Without the humor, I think my story could easily sink into the realm of the abject: just the poverty, just the violence, just the pain, just the fear. I don’t think of my childhood, for all of its rigors, as abject. I just think of it as full. It was just the fullness of life, the horror of it, the hilarity of it, the heartbreak of it.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On growing up in a farmworker labor camp\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When you’re a little kid, you only know what you know about where you grow up. So for me, growing up in the farmworker camp was a perfectly normal experience. I didn’t realize that was in any ways kind of unusual or out of the norm until I began attending school. Not realizing just how low-income we were, until we started getting out to school and into the surrounding community a bit more and realizing other people have indoor plumbing when they go to the toilet. Other people have telephones in their house. And those are things that we did not have in the farmworker camps at that time in the early ’70s. As I got older, I began to realize that we were pretty marginal, like not just because we were on the margins of town, out in the middle of the agricultural fields, but also we were socioeconomically marginal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a sense of the camps being like small villages. People knew each other. We often worked side by side. Some of the families were there just temporarily for harvest season. Other families like mine or my grandparents’ family were there year-round doing the work that’s necessary to keep the farm and the ranch going throughout the year. So, it had a transitory quality to it in many ways, and it also had a real kind of a sense of community and connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On growing up queer in rural California\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As I wrote the book, I was really thinking a lot about what it means to be a queer kid, but to not have language for that yet, not … to not understand what that means. The way I experienced it as a small child was just, I had feelings. I had attractions. I had a certain fascination with other boys in school, but I didn’t have a name for what was happening yet. As I moved further through elementary school, I quickly learned that queer was a “bad” thing. I learned that lesson pretty quickly. If that’s what you are, you are going to be ostracized, terrorized. But [at] the age that Gordo [is], the main character, who is my avatar, [he] doesn’t have language or a framework quite yet. He just has these feelings, and he just has this dawning understanding that being different can be really perilous.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the theme of machismo in the book and parallels with his own childhood\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Most of these stories are overwhelmingly based on real things that happened. My father [really] bought me boxing gear. Looking back on that gesture, I really felt a lot of compassion for my father in that moment because he grew up in a world where he lost his father when he was a very small child and had to go out and work in the world to support the family. From the time he was 4 or 5 years old, he was out selling newspapers by himself in Mexicali. He experienced the need to survive and to fight, to physically fight. So the way he understood the world was that the possibility [and risk] of physical combat was always present. So if you’re going to take care of your son, you need to have him be prepared for that. I think he looked at me and I was this kind of quiet, artistic, kind of shy kid, and he was thinking, I got to toughen this kid up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he bought this boxing gear. There’s a tragicomic element to that because it really shows the complete inability parents sometimes have to just really see their child for who they are, as opposed to seeing them for who you want them to be. It could not have been a less appropriate gift, because this child had no combativeness in him. Of course, the boy in his queerness, he’s unpacking all this boxing and wrestling gear, and the thing that really excites him is the jump rope because he’s a sissy boy and he likes jumping rope! A complete thwarting of the intention of the gift, which was to me where the tragic comedy of the whole story lies — when we get our wires crossed this way with each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11901391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11901391\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing glasses and navy blue shirt.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jaime Cortez, author of the new short story collection ‘Gordo,’ set in a migrant farmworker camp in Watsonville in the 1970s. \u003ccite>(Mark Smotroff)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>On the significance of Vicente Fernández’s song ‘Volver, Volver’ in the book\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Vicente Fernández often gets compared to Elvis Presley, but I don’t think that’s quite accurate. Because in some ways, Vicente Fernández was a situation where a pop idol became the embodiment of the nation. The only kind of comparable things that I could think of would be what Bob Marley is to Jamaica or what Edith Piaf was to France. And so that’s how big of a deal he was to Mexicans and to the immigrant communities and their children. He passed recently, and it was a momentous, momentous passing for the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That song “Volver, Volver” to me functions as the unofficial and true national anthem of Mexico. And it is a song that’s full of yearning and longing, and what in Portuguese is called “saudade,” that kind of longing for that which is passed. It’s about the desire to go back. And the impossibility of going back. And it’s tremendously sentimental. It is a classic tears-in-your-beer ranchera ballad. It’s so stirring to us. It’s the classic drinking song that, you know, people will get a bit hammered, they’ll put that on, and pretty soon everyone’s singing at the top of their lungs. Probably off-key, but with full of emotion and tears in their eyes. It’s something of great emotion [in the book]. It’s a song that gives everyone permission to have the fullness of their emotion and their tears. And that becomes especially significant for men and male characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11901394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11901394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-800x1180.jpeg\" alt='An illustration for a book cover with a small child wearing a knitted hat and necklace on one knee with the word \"Gordo\" across his chest.' width=\"800\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-800x1180.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-1020x1504.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-160x236.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-1042x1536.jpeg 1042w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI.jpeg 1108w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cover of the book ‘Gordo,’ a collection of short stories by Jaime Cortez.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>On the importance of injecting humor into serious stories\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I grew up with funny people. My parents were funny. My grandparents were funny. It was a basic survival mechanism, to survive the rigors and really the horror, sometimes, of life. To be able to deploy that gallows humor, to kind of step back, take a breath and just laugh, if for no other reason than because you made it through and you’re still alive. I grew up around people who were constantly deploying humor as a way of dealing with the inevitable hardships, heartbreak and terror of life. Without the humor, I think my story could easily sink into the realm of the abject: just the poverty, just the violence, just the pain, just the fear. I don’t think of my childhood, for all of its rigors, as abject. I just think of it as full. It was just the fullness of life, the horror of it, the hilarity of it, the heartbreak of it. All of it needs to be able to sit in productive friction in these stories if they’re going to feel like the way I understand life to be. They sit together as a way of making it something that a reader can access, digest, connect to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, I want my book to be a fun read, and the humor is absolutely core to that objective. It’s something I grew up with later on as an adult in the LGBT community. The deployment of humor is a relentless kind of thing. Gay men who I came up with politically and socially — they were so funny. Just funny, funny people. And so I honor all of that history I have with humor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In his debut collection, “Gordo,” artist and author \u003ca href=\"https://jaimecortez.org/page/1-About.html\">Jaime Cortez\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> pens short stories set in the central coast farmworker camps he grew up in near Watsonville and San Juan Bautista. By the time he was 10, Jaime was a veteran of the annual garlic and potato harvests. The book, which he says is “semi-autobiographical,” is a journey of queer self-discovery and complex identities that don’t fit the usual stereotypes of Steinbeck country, with lots of humor blended in. Cortez recently spoke with California Report Magazine host Sasha Khokha about the new collection.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Excerpts from their interview are edited for brevity and clarity. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On growing up in a farmworker labor camp\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When you’re a little kid, you only know what you know about where you grow up. So for me, growing up in the farmworker camp was a perfectly normal experience. I didn’t realize that was in any ways kind of unusual or out of the norm until I began attending school. Not realizing just how low-income we were, until we started getting out to school and into the surrounding community a bit more and realizing other people have indoor plumbing when they go to the toilet. Other people have telephones in their house. And those are things that we did not have in the farmworker camps at that time in the early ’70s. As I got older, I began to realize that we were pretty marginal, like not just because we were on the margins of town, out in the middle of the agricultural fields, but also we were socioeconomically marginal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a sense of the camps being like small villages. People knew each other. We often worked side by side. Some of the families were there just temporarily for harvest season. Other families like mine or my grandparents’ family were there year-round doing the work that’s necessary to keep the farm and the ranch going throughout the year. So, it had a transitory quality to it in many ways, and it also had a real kind of a sense of community and connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On growing up queer in rural California\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As I wrote the book, I was really thinking a lot about what it means to be a queer kid, but to not have language for that yet, not … to not understand what that means. The way I experienced it as a small child was just, I had feelings. I had attractions. I had a certain fascination with other boys in school, but I didn’t have a name for what was happening yet. As I moved further through elementary school, I quickly learned that queer was a “bad” thing. I learned that lesson pretty quickly. If that’s what you are, you are going to be ostracized, terrorized. But [at] the age that Gordo [is], the main character, who is my avatar, [he] doesn’t have language or a framework quite yet. He just has these feelings, and he just has this dawning understanding that being different can be really perilous.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the theme of machismo in the book and parallels with his own childhood\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Most of these stories are overwhelmingly based on real things that happened. My father [really] bought me boxing gear. Looking back on that gesture, I really felt a lot of compassion for my father in that moment because he grew up in a world where he lost his father when he was a very small child and had to go out and work in the world to support the family. From the time he was 4 or 5 years old, he was out selling newspapers by himself in Mexicali. He experienced the need to survive and to fight, to physically fight. So the way he understood the world was that the possibility [and risk] of physical combat was always present. So if you’re going to take care of your son, you need to have him be prepared for that. I think he looked at me and I was this kind of quiet, artistic, kind of shy kid, and he was thinking, I got to toughen this kid up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he bought this boxing gear. There’s a tragicomic element to that because it really shows the complete inability parents sometimes have to just really see their child for who they are, as opposed to seeing them for who you want them to be. It could not have been a less appropriate gift, because this child had no combativeness in him. Of course, the boy in his queerness, he’s unpacking all this boxing and wrestling gear, and the thing that really excites him is the jump rope because he’s a sissy boy and he likes jumping rope! A complete thwarting of the intention of the gift, which was to me where the tragic comedy of the whole story lies — when we get our wires crossed this way with each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11901391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11901391\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing glasses and navy blue shirt.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Jaime-Cortez-author-pic-by-Mark-Smotroff-4-in.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jaime Cortez, author of the new short story collection ‘Gordo,’ set in a migrant farmworker camp in Watsonville in the 1970s. \u003ccite>(Mark Smotroff)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>On the significance of Vicente Fernández’s song ‘Volver, Volver’ in the book\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Vicente Fernández often gets compared to Elvis Presley, but I don’t think that’s quite accurate. Because in some ways, Vicente Fernández was a situation where a pop idol became the embodiment of the nation. The only kind of comparable things that I could think of would be what Bob Marley is to Jamaica or what Edith Piaf was to France. And so that’s how big of a deal he was to Mexicans and to the immigrant communities and their children. He passed recently, and it was a momentous, momentous passing for the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That song “Volver, Volver” to me functions as the unofficial and true national anthem of Mexico. And it is a song that’s full of yearning and longing, and what in Portuguese is called “saudade,” that kind of longing for that which is passed. It’s about the desire to go back. And the impossibility of going back. And it’s tremendously sentimental. It is a classic tears-in-your-beer ranchera ballad. It’s so stirring to us. It’s the classic drinking song that, you know, people will get a bit hammered, they’ll put that on, and pretty soon everyone’s singing at the top of their lungs. Probably off-key, but with full of emotion and tears in their eyes. It’s something of great emotion [in the book]. It’s a song that gives everyone permission to have the fullness of their emotion and their tears. And that becomes especially significant for men and male characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11901394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11901394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-800x1180.jpeg\" alt='An illustration for a book cover with a small child wearing a knitted hat and necklace on one knee with the word \"Gordo\" across his chest.' width=\"800\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-800x1180.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-1020x1504.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-160x236.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI-1042x1536.jpeg 1042w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Gordo-Cover-200-DPI.jpeg 1108w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cover of the book ‘Gordo,’ a collection of short stories by Jaime Cortez.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>On the importance of injecting humor into serious stories\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I grew up with funny people. My parents were funny. My grandparents were funny. It was a basic survival mechanism, to survive the rigors and really the horror, sometimes, of life. To be able to deploy that gallows humor, to kind of step back, take a breath and just laugh, if for no other reason than because you made it through and you’re still alive. I grew up around people who were constantly deploying humor as a way of dealing with the inevitable hardships, heartbreak and terror of life. Without the humor, I think my story could easily sink into the realm of the abject: just the poverty, just the violence, just the pain, just the fear. I don’t think of my childhood, for all of its rigors, as abject. I just think of it as full. It was just the fullness of life, the horror of it, the hilarity of it, the heartbreak of it. All of it needs to be able to sit in productive friction in these stories if they’re going to feel like the way I understand life to be. They sit together as a way of making it something that a reader can access, digest, connect to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, I want my book to be a fun read, and the humor is absolutely core to that objective. It’s something I grew up with later on as an adult in the LGBT community. The deployment of humor is a relentless kind of thing. Gay men who I came up with politically and socially — they were so funny. Just funny, funny people. And so I honor all of that history I have with humor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Thousands of Farmworkers Will Get a Raise Thanks to a Lawsuit",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Leer en \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/calmatters-en-espanol/2021/12/miles-de-trabajadores-agricolas-obtendran-aumentos-salariales-gracias-a-una-demanda/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tens of thousands of California’s guest and U.S. farmworkers will see pay increases in 2022, which advocates say comes thanks to a lawsuit to stop a Trump-era wage freeze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wage increase is based on findings from the \u003ca href=\"https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/x920fw89s/p5548t195/qb98ng22n/fmla1121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USDA’s annual survey on farm labor\u003c/a>, released Nov. 24. The findings are used to determine the pay rate for temporary, seasonal agricultural workers employed through the H-2A program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase was in jeopardy because of a wage freeze proposed under former President Donald Trump that aimed to help farmers, many of whom lost profits due to the impact of the shutdowns in early 2020. Farmworker advocates sued the Department of Agriculture over the proposal and secured an injunction to stop it.[aside tag=\"farmworker, labor\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are pleased that the federal court overturned the Trump Administration’s regulation that would have frozen wages for U.S. and foreign farmworkers at employers that use the H-2A agricultural guestworker program,” said Bruce Goldstein, president of Farmworker Justice in Washington, D.C., in an email statement to The Fresno Bee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Advocates credit lawsuit for wage increase\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Starting in April 2020, the Trump administration announced that it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/04/10/832076074/white-house-seeks-to-lower-farmworker-pay-to-help-agriculture-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">considering reduced wages for guest farmworkers\u003c/a> as a way to help farmers who saw their businesses disrupted during the pandemic shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in November 2020, the administration formally announced the freeze, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2020/11/02/secretary-perdue-statement-dols-h2a-wage-rule\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">celebrated by top agricultural officials\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/11/05/2020-24544/adverse-effect-wage-rate-methodology-for-the-temporary-employment-of-h-2a-nonimmigrants-in-non-range?utm_campaign=subscription+mailing+list&utm_source=federalregister.gov&utm_medium=email\">ruling would have locked in the 2019 minimum wage\u003c/a> that employers must pay foreign agricultural workers with H-2A visas and was estimated to save farmers and growers an estimated $1.6 billion in labor costs over 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates said the wage freeze was unfair since farmworkers, who were declared essential workers during the pandemic, were putting their lives on the line to work. Growers said the wage freeze was essential to keep farms operating and grocery stores stocked as the pandemic shutdowns disrupted the food supply chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Farmworker Justice and its co-counsel, on behalf of the United Farm Workers union and the UFW Foundation, won an injunction in late December to stop the freeze, arguing that farmworkers already lived on low incomes. The group has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.farmworkerjustice.org/resource/no-way-to-treat-a-guest-why-the-h-2a-agricultural-visa-program-fails-u-s-and-foreign-workers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">critical of the H-2A program\u003c/a>, saying the program fails both U.S. and foreign workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a related case, the UFW and the UFW Foundation \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article246463960.html#storylink=cpy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sued the Department of Agriculture\u003c/a> last fall to reverse a Sept. 30 order from the USDA halting the government’s collection of farmworker data that helps determine wages and eligibility for family assistance programs. The union argued that wages for guest workers would drop sharply without the data collection, because the Department of Labor would not have data to establish new wage rates other than state minimum wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How much of a pay increase will California’s guest workers get?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The exact number of farmworkers who will see wage increases is estimated to be in the tens of thousands. However, something called the adverse effect wage rate, or AEWR, applies to both H-2A workers and U.S. workers at employers that use the H-2A program, said Goldstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ETA/oflc/pdfs/H-2A_Selected_Statistics_FY2021_Q4.pdf\">there are over 30,000 certified H-2A positions\u003c/a>, according to data from the Department of Labor, which accounts for over 10.2% of all total certified H-2A positions countrywide.[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA farm labor survey includes the average wages for crop and livestock workers surveyed in that region in the prior year, also known as the adverse effect wage rate. According to Farmworker Justice, the H-2A minimum wage rates for 2022 will increase on average nationally by about 6% from the 2021 rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Employers that hire H-2A workers must pay a state-specific minimum wage, which may not be lower than the AEWR. In California, the pay rate for H-2A workers was $14.77 in 2020 and $16.05 in 2021. In 2022, the state’s H-2A workers will see a $2.74 hourly jump from the 2020 rate for an hourly pay of $17.51.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Melissa Montalvo is a reporter with The Fresno Bee and a Report for America corps member. This article is part of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/the-california-divide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Divide\u003c/a>, a collaboration among newsrooms examining income inequity and economic survival in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Leer en \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/calmatters-en-espanol/2021/12/miles-de-trabajadores-agricolas-obtendran-aumentos-salariales-gracias-a-una-demanda/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tens of thousands of California’s guest and U.S. farmworkers will see pay increases in 2022, which advocates say comes thanks to a lawsuit to stop a Trump-era wage freeze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wage increase is based on findings from the \u003ca href=\"https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/x920fw89s/p5548t195/qb98ng22n/fmla1121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USDA’s annual survey on farm labor\u003c/a>, released Nov. 24. The findings are used to determine the pay rate for temporary, seasonal agricultural workers employed through the H-2A program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase was in jeopardy because of a wage freeze proposed under former President Donald Trump that aimed to help farmers, many of whom lost profits due to the impact of the shutdowns in early 2020. Farmworker advocates sued the Department of Agriculture over the proposal and secured an injunction to stop it.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are pleased that the federal court overturned the Trump Administration’s regulation that would have frozen wages for U.S. and foreign farmworkers at employers that use the H-2A agricultural guestworker program,” said Bruce Goldstein, president of Farmworker Justice in Washington, D.C., in an email statement to The Fresno Bee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Advocates credit lawsuit for wage increase\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Starting in April 2020, the Trump administration announced that it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/04/10/832076074/white-house-seeks-to-lower-farmworker-pay-to-help-agriculture-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">considering reduced wages for guest farmworkers\u003c/a> as a way to help farmers who saw their businesses disrupted during the pandemic shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in November 2020, the administration formally announced the freeze, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2020/11/02/secretary-perdue-statement-dols-h2a-wage-rule\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">celebrated by top agricultural officials\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/11/05/2020-24544/adverse-effect-wage-rate-methodology-for-the-temporary-employment-of-h-2a-nonimmigrants-in-non-range?utm_campaign=subscription+mailing+list&utm_source=federalregister.gov&utm_medium=email\">ruling would have locked in the 2019 minimum wage\u003c/a> that employers must pay foreign agricultural workers with H-2A visas and was estimated to save farmers and growers an estimated $1.6 billion in labor costs over 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates said the wage freeze was unfair since farmworkers, who were declared essential workers during the pandemic, were putting their lives on the line to work. Growers said the wage freeze was essential to keep farms operating and grocery stores stocked as the pandemic shutdowns disrupted the food supply chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Farmworker Justice and its co-counsel, on behalf of the United Farm Workers union and the UFW Foundation, won an injunction in late December to stop the freeze, arguing that farmworkers already lived on low incomes. The group has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.farmworkerjustice.org/resource/no-way-to-treat-a-guest-why-the-h-2a-agricultural-visa-program-fails-u-s-and-foreign-workers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">critical of the H-2A program\u003c/a>, saying the program fails both U.S. and foreign workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a related case, the UFW and the UFW Foundation \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article246463960.html#storylink=cpy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sued the Department of Agriculture\u003c/a> last fall to reverse a Sept. 30 order from the USDA halting the government’s collection of farmworker data that helps determine wages and eligibility for family assistance programs. The union argued that wages for guest workers would drop sharply without the data collection, because the Department of Labor would not have data to establish new wage rates other than state minimum wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How much of a pay increase will California’s guest workers get?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The exact number of farmworkers who will see wage increases is estimated to be in the tens of thousands. However, something called the adverse effect wage rate, or AEWR, applies to both H-2A workers and U.S. workers at employers that use the H-2A program, said Goldstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ETA/oflc/pdfs/H-2A_Selected_Statistics_FY2021_Q4.pdf\">there are over 30,000 certified H-2A positions\u003c/a>, according to data from the Department of Labor, which accounts for over 10.2% of all total certified H-2A positions countrywide.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA farm labor survey includes the average wages for crop and livestock workers surveyed in that region in the prior year, also known as the adverse effect wage rate. According to Farmworker Justice, the H-2A minimum wage rates for 2022 will increase on average nationally by about 6% from the 2021 rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Employers that hire H-2A workers must pay a state-specific minimum wage, which may not be lower than the AEWR. In California, the pay rate for H-2A workers was $14.77 in 2020 and $16.05 in 2021. In 2022, the state’s H-2A workers will see a $2.74 hourly jump from the 2020 rate for an hourly pay of $17.51.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Melissa Montalvo is a reporter with The Fresno Bee and a Report for America corps member. This article is part of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/the-california-divide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Divide\u003c/a>, a collaboration among newsrooms examining income inequity and economic survival in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Failed to Protect Outdoor Workers from Wildfire Smoke Under Biden's New OSHA Chief",
"title": "California Failed to Protect Outdoor Workers from Wildfire Smoke Under Biden's New OSHA Chief",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>President Joe Biden’s pick to lead the nation’s worker health and safety efforts largely failed in his previous job to enforce protections for California outdoor workers exposed to toxic wildfire smoke. That’s according to an investigation by KQED and The California Newsroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the state faced its largest wildfire seasons on record, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/title8/5141_1.html\">employers were required to take steps to prevent millions of outdoor workers from breathing harmful levels of smoke\u003c/a> — such as by providing N95 masks or moving them indoors on days with unhealthy air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But under the leadership of Douglas Parker, who joined the Biden administration last month, the California agency tasked with enforcing the smoke regulations rarely penalized employers for breaking the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/data/industry-employment-and-unemployment-rates-for-counties.html\">Nearly 4 million Californians labor in agriculture, construction, utilities and other industries with outdoor jobs\u003c/a>, an analysis of state employment figures shows. Parker led the California Division of Occupational Health and Safety, known as Cal/OSHA, as it cited employers just 11 times in the more than two years between July 2019, when the smoke protections went into effect, and October 5, 2021, according to data provided by the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month Parker joined the Biden administration to lead OSHA at the federal level, as assistant secretary for the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In interviews and advocate surveys, vulnerable workers in the state’s $60 billion agricultural industry reported they labored in heavy smoke without any of the required safeguards, pointing to a potentially widespread problem of employers not following the first-in-the-nation requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-11897839\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1434\" height=\"968\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3.png 1434w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3-800x540.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3-1020x689.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3-160x108.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1434px) 100vw, 1434px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The smoke “affects me on my chest, and I get a very hoarse voice and a lot of cough,” said Alejandra Beltran, 44, who harvested raisins in Fresno County during this year’s wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she browsed boxes of groceries at a food bank in the small town of Biola, Beltran said she had never heard of the regulations that are meant to protect her, despite a provision mandating that employers educate workers about the health risks of breathing wildfire smoke “in a language and manner readily understandable by employees.” Beltran said she also was never offered an N95 mask, or other protections required by the smoke regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'We have to do a better job'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In an interview, state Assemblymember Robert Rivas (D-Salinas), chair of the Assembly Agriculture Committee, called the state’s enforcement to date “disappointing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Eleven violations is obviously a very low number, but it's certainly, in my opinion, not a true reflection of potential issues that are out there,” he said. “We have to do a better job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rivas proposed a bill that would have stepped up enforcement by establishing dedicated Cal/OSHA “strike teams” of inspectors that would be deployed to agricultural worksites on days with unhealthy air. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVersionsCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB73&cversion=20210AB7399INT\">It was gutted in August after generating opposition from Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration\u003c/a>, according to documents viewed by The California Newsroom and people close to the negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents show the California Labor and Workforce Development Agency, which oversees Cal/OSHA, requesting amendments to the bill, including deleting the “strike teams” provision. Rivas ultimately agreed to take it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having a mechanism of enforcement is incredibly important,” said Rivas, who grew up in a farmworker family. “My effort here was not trying to penalize growers in any way or the agricultural industry, but it was to achieve a level of accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897803\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897803 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/DougParker.jpg\" alt=\"A professional head shot of a smiling, middle-aged White man with medium-short brown hair, a gray suit jacket, pink shirt, and darker pink tie.\" width=\"800\" height=\"848\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/DougParker.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/DougParker-160x170.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Joe Biden recently appointed Douglas L. Parker, former chief of Cal/OSHA, as assistant secretary for the U.S. Department of Labor. Parker was sworn in Nov. 3, 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy U.S. Department of Labor)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Spokespeople for the Labor and Workforce Development Agency and Newsom’s press office did not respond to multiple inquiries. In an email, Parker alluded to his new position in the Biden administration and declined to comment, saying he wanted “the chance to study more about what has been happening outside of California.” He referred our inquiry back to Cal/OSHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency’s acting chief, Danielle 'Dan' Lucido, defended Cal/OSHA’s record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are a leader in providing worker protection, including against smoke,” she said. “We care very much about enforcement of this regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was Parker himself who petitioned Cal/OSHA to create the protections. In December 2018, prior to his tenure at the agency, Parker joined with labor advocates, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21120192-petition-573\">writing\u003c/a> that “an emergency standard needs to be put in place as soon as possible, since wildfires are now occurring during many months of the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Little outreach, few complaints, fewer inspections\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Breathing dangerous particulate matter in wildfire smoke can cause eye and throat irritation, persistent coughing, wheezing or difficulty breathing. Exposure to so-called PM 2.5 also can lead to more serious health problems, such as reduced lung function, heart failure and early death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A September investigation by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890211/dangerous-air-as-california-burns-america-breathes-toxic-smoke\">The California Newsroom linked the rise of wildfire smoke to sharp increases in hospitalizations for heart and lung conditions in the state\u003c/a>. It also found a dramatic rise in prescriptions for the asthma medication albuterol as the number of “smoke days” increased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11890211 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Leadphoto-1038x576.png']Beltran and other farmworkers in Fresno County told KQED and The California Newsroom their employers never mentioned the required protections against smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some things they just like to keep to themselves,” said Beltran, the mother of six children. “And obviously we are the ones put at risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience of Beltran and other farmworkers who labor outside expose a Catch-22 scenario on the enforcement of the wildfire smoke regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897805\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897805 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran.jpg\" alt=\"A light-complected woman with long blond hair looks frankly at the camera, her right elbow propped on top of a car, her head tipped to her right. She wears a white mask that covers her face from nose to chin, a teal and white sweatshirt, and a dark blue jacket. Beyond her and beneath a leafy tree, a couple other parked cars are visible, and beyond a chain link fence lies a field with brown dirt and bright green leafy crops.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworker Alejandra Beltran, 44, leans on her truck near vineyards in Biola, California, on Oct. 13, 2021. Beltran said she worked outdoors in heavy smoke conditions as recently as Oct. 4 and 5, but wasn’t aware of the required worker protections. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Without strike teams of inspectors in the field, Cal/OSHA typically only shows up to worksites following a complaint. But the lack of awareness about required protections and workers opting to not report problems because they fear retaliation means Cal/OSHA has carried out very few inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency received only 221 complaints related to wildfire smoke and visited worksites for just 26 employers between July 2019 and October 5, 2021, the data shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-11897872\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1240\" height=\"1446\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable.jpg 1240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable-800x933.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable-1020x1189.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable-160x187.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1240px) 100vw, 1240px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucido said the small number of inspections did not indicate a problem. “Whenever we are put on notice through a complaint, we do what we're supposed to do and roll out to investigate, if there’s a serious complaint,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency responded to most of the rest of those complaints by sending a letter to employers, asking them to respond to concerns in writing. Observers say that rarely leads to fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Nayamin Martinez, executive director of the Central California Environmental Justice Network\"]'I always find it very ironic when the agencies brag, 'Oh, we have more stringent rules [than] the entire nation.' Well, those rules are out there. But if you don't enforce them, then there's nothing good out of them.'[/pullquote]The California Farm Bureau Federation, the state’s largest agricultural trade group, has been working tirelessly to ensure agricultural employers know about the rules and to help them comply, a representative said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having workers who are not healthy is not a very good way to get the work done,” said Bryan Little, who directs human resources policy for the federation. He has led many trainings on wildfire smoke regulations for the organization’s 33,000 members, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The people that I've talked to certainly leave me with the impression that they're trying very hard to make sure that they get their compliance issues right,” said Little.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But workers’ statements to KQED and The California Newsroom coincide with the findings of a recent survey of more than 300 agricultural workers in the San Joaquin Valley conducted by the nonprofit Central California Environmental Justice Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rule is not working,” said Nayamin Martinez, the network’s executive director. “I always find it very ironic when the agencies brag, ‘Oh, we have more stringent rules [than] the entire nation.’ Well, those rules are out there. But if you don’t enforce them, then there's nothing good out of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 60% of farmworkers surveyed in Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera and Tulare counties said that their employers did not provide N95 masks or that they did not know what N95s were. About 45% reported they were not aware of California’s wildfire smoke protections, said Martinez, whose small nonprofit developed wallet cards in Spanish to educate workers about the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industries where workers labor outdoors — such as agriculture, construction and landscaping — depend on a significant proportion of undocumented workers who are especially fearful of retaliation if they report problems. These workers may also face language and other barriers that make it more difficult to alert Cal/OSHA about conditions at their worksites, said Anne Katten, who directs the California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation’s pesticide and work safety project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be much more outreach and it needs to be linguistically and culturally appropriate for workers,” said Katten, who joined Parker in petitioning Cal/OSHA for the protections. “It needs to be more high-profile. There needs to be a real, proactive program of having public service announcements and information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez suspects many small employers, especially Spanish-speaking farm labor contractors, also are unaware of the regulations. Others have difficulty monitoring the air quality index, or AQI, as prominent air quality websites are in English only, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only two agricultural employers were issued fines by Cal/OSHA inspectors for failing to provide enough respirators or effective training to employees exposed to wildfire smoke, agency data shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Cal/OSHA's troubled history\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The paltry enforcement of the state smoke standard is just the latest example of the agency being slow to act on regulations that respond to crises made worse by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-cal-osha-farm-workers-20150612-story.html\">Cal/OSHA settled a lawsuit brought by five farmworkers and the United Farm Workers union\u003c/a> that accused the agency of neglecting its duty to enforce a 2005 law that protects outdoor workers from excessive heat. Farmworkers had died from heat-related illnesses while on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency agreed to increase its scrutiny of workplaces during high-heat months, and also \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/DIRNews/2021/2021-61.html\">waged a massive education campaign about the protections\u003c/a>, which require employers to provide basics like access to fresh water and shade, said Kevin Riley, who directs UCLA’s Labor Occupational Safety and Health Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result said, Martinez, are radio announcements about the heat standard broadcast in multiple languages. “You can see billboards everywhere,” she said. “Compared to that, I didn’t see as much education, public education about the wildfire rule.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11886628 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50596_019_SanFrancisco_HeatWaveImpacts_08062021-qut-1020x680.jpg']Meanwhile, Cal/OSHA also struggled with staffing shortages that worsened during the pandemic. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875988/minimal-to-non-existent-safety-inspector-shortage-worsened-in-pandemic-leaving-california-workers-vulnerable\">vacancy rate for inspectors statewide reached 26% in February\u003c/a>, according to Cal/OSHA, but the agency was able to hire dozens of safety engineers and industrial hygienists. \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/DOSH-Recruitment-Hiring.html\">Its vacancy rate for those positions is now just 16%.\u003c/a> Still, the agency has been overwhelmed by COVID-19 related complaints, say labor advocates, and cut down on in-person visits to worksites for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucido, the current head of Cal/OSHA, acknowledged that the pandemic undercut the agency’s ability to increase awareness about the rule, but pushed back against the notion that enforcing the wildfire smoke protections is not a priority for the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are determined to enforce this regulation and educate workers about their rights,” she said. “Having the pandemic in play for a year and a half of this new regulation impacted our ability to create materials and do other things that we would have wanted to do to engage in outreach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last six months, the agency has posted \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/worker-health-and-safety-in-wildfire-regions.html\">videos\u003c/a> and other training materials on its website about the regulations in Spanish and English and met with community-based organizations that can help workers file complaints, she added. But there has been no massive public outreach campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>One worker's story\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>California’s wildfire smoke requirements for employers are activated only when outdoor workers may be exposed to wildfire smoke and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/\">air quality index\u003c/a> for PM 2.5 reaches 151 or above, which the federal Environmental Protection Agency deems “unhealthy.” At that level, employers must offer workers N95 masks or make changes to reduce workers’ exposure to the smoke. Wearing N95 masks is compulsory when the AQI hits 500 or more, a level rarely reached during even the worst wildfires and 200 points higher than the standard for “hazardous” set by the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/California/Publications/AgComm/2019/CAC_2019_actual_final.pdf\">top 10 agricultural counties in the state\u003c/a>, most of which lie in the San Joaquin Valley, Fresno has experienced the most wildfire season days with an AQI greater than 150, according to an analysis by KQED and The California Newsroom of \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/outdoor-air-quality-data/air-data-daily-air-quality-tracker\">EPA historical air quality data\u003c/a>. Since the smoke rule went into effect, Fresno has seen a total of 45 “unhealthy” air days during peak wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897816\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1114px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897816 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA.jpg\" alt=\"A map of Northern California counties, outlined in white, with a red overlay in the middle, with a U around the central area in orange, then a U of yellow around that, and finally green outside the yellow on the left, where the ocean is.\" width=\"1114\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA.jpg 1114w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA-800x445.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA-1020x568.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA-160x89.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1114px) 100vw, 1114px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An analysis of satellite images by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shows that heavy smoke inundated Fresno and other parts of the San Joaquin Valley on Oct. 5, 2021, including fields where farmworkers interviewed by KQED and The California Report said they labored that day. Most of the smoke emanated from the KNP Complex Fire that was raging in nearby Sequoia National Park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On one of those days, Oct. 5, 2021, a 33-year-old immigrant from Mexico said he worked a regular shift pulling dry grapevines from the soil by a Fresno highway. The AQI hovered around 160 in the county, according to the EPA, while federal satellite images showed intense smoke blanketing the field where he worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The smoke was really thick, you could really feel it,” said the worker, who has labored in the U.S. for 15 years, in Spanish. “My throat hurt that day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his employer, a farm labor contractor that he identified as Can II Ag Mgt. Inc., has never offered training or N95 masks on smoky days, he said. A large banner for the company was tied to a portable toilet in the field where he toiled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At work they haven’t given us masks at all,” said the worker, who was surprised to learn about the safeguards. “They’ve never given us classes on what to do when there’s a lot of pollution because of the smoke.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED is withholding the man’s name because he fears retaliation from his employer and, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/national-agricultural-workers-survey/research/data-tables\">like more than 40% of agricultural workers in the state, is undocumented\u003c/a>. A second farmworker who said he also was employed by Can II Ag Mgt., which is based in Kerman, provided similar testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897819\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897819 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign.jpg\" alt=\"Backlit by bright sun on a four-wheeled extended trailer are a red portable toilet with a hand-washing station on the left and an olive-colored company sign nearly the height of the toilet and three times as long on the right. The trailer sits on a dirt road beside a field.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1194\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign-800x498.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign-1020x634.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign-1536x955.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A banner for Can II Ag Mgt. stands next to a portable toilet at a field in Fresno County where farmworkers said the company failed to offer them N95 masks or other required protections during heavy smoke days. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Several attempts to reach Guillermo Cantu, Can II Ag Mgt.’s chief executive officer according to California corporate filings, were unsuccessful. But his wife and co-worker, Angie Garcia, said they were aware of the wildfire smoke rule and referred questions to their attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We provide everything necessary to use while they are working,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s attorney, Anthony Raimondo, denied the allegations made by farmworkers, but declined to provide evidence that Can II Ag Mgt. had taken any steps to reduce workers’ exposure to wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company is in compliance with all the rules of the state of California. We deny the allegations 100%,” said Raimondo, president of Raimondo & Associates in the city of Fresno. “These are uncorroborated, unsubstantiated statements. And there’ll be no further comment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data provided by Cal/OSHA show no workers filed a complaint against this company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Farida Jhabvala Romero is a reporter for KQED in San Francisco. She produced this investigation for The California Newsroom. Aaron Glantz, senior investigations editor for the newsroom, edited this story with managing editor Adriene Hill. It was edited by David Marks and copy edited by Jenny Pritchett of KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Newsroom is a collaboration of NPR, 17 public radio stations across the state, from San Diego to the Oregon border, and CalMatters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The state rarely penalized employers for breaking the rules under Douglas Parker, who now leads the federal agency charged with ensuring worker safety, according to an investigation by KQED and The California Newsroom.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Joe Biden’s pick to lead the nation’s worker health and safety efforts largely failed in his previous job to enforce protections for California outdoor workers exposed to toxic wildfire smoke. That’s according to an investigation by KQED and The California Newsroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the state faced its largest wildfire seasons on record, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/title8/5141_1.html\">employers were required to take steps to prevent millions of outdoor workers from breathing harmful levels of smoke\u003c/a> — such as by providing N95 masks or moving them indoors on days with unhealthy air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But under the leadership of Douglas Parker, who joined the Biden administration last month, the California agency tasked with enforcing the smoke regulations rarely penalized employers for breaking the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/data/industry-employment-and-unemployment-rates-for-counties.html\">Nearly 4 million Californians labor in agriculture, construction, utilities and other industries with outdoor jobs\u003c/a>, an analysis of state employment figures shows. Parker led the California Division of Occupational Health and Safety, known as Cal/OSHA, as it cited employers just 11 times in the more than two years between July 2019, when the smoke protections went into effect, and October 5, 2021, according to data provided by the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month Parker joined the Biden administration to lead OSHA at the federal level, as assistant secretary for the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In interviews and advocate surveys, vulnerable workers in the state’s $60 billion agricultural industry reported they labored in heavy smoke without any of the required safeguards, pointing to a potentially widespread problem of employers not following the first-in-the-nation requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-11897839\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1434\" height=\"968\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3.png 1434w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3-800x540.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3-1020x689.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/workers_citations-3-160x108.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1434px) 100vw, 1434px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The smoke “affects me on my chest, and I get a very hoarse voice and a lot of cough,” said Alejandra Beltran, 44, who harvested raisins in Fresno County during this year’s wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she browsed boxes of groceries at a food bank in the small town of Biola, Beltran said she had never heard of the regulations that are meant to protect her, despite a provision mandating that employers educate workers about the health risks of breathing wildfire smoke “in a language and manner readily understandable by employees.” Beltran said she also was never offered an N95 mask, or other protections required by the smoke regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'We have to do a better job'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In an interview, state Assemblymember Robert Rivas (D-Salinas), chair of the Assembly Agriculture Committee, called the state’s enforcement to date “disappointing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Eleven violations is obviously a very low number, but it's certainly, in my opinion, not a true reflection of potential issues that are out there,” he said. “We have to do a better job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rivas proposed a bill that would have stepped up enforcement by establishing dedicated Cal/OSHA “strike teams” of inspectors that would be deployed to agricultural worksites on days with unhealthy air. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVersionsCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB73&cversion=20210AB7399INT\">It was gutted in August after generating opposition from Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration\u003c/a>, according to documents viewed by The California Newsroom and people close to the negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents show the California Labor and Workforce Development Agency, which oversees Cal/OSHA, requesting amendments to the bill, including deleting the “strike teams” provision. Rivas ultimately agreed to take it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having a mechanism of enforcement is incredibly important,” said Rivas, who grew up in a farmworker family. “My effort here was not trying to penalize growers in any way or the agricultural industry, but it was to achieve a level of accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897803\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897803 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/DougParker.jpg\" alt=\"A professional head shot of a smiling, middle-aged White man with medium-short brown hair, a gray suit jacket, pink shirt, and darker pink tie.\" width=\"800\" height=\"848\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/DougParker.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/DougParker-160x170.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Joe Biden recently appointed Douglas L. Parker, former chief of Cal/OSHA, as assistant secretary for the U.S. Department of Labor. Parker was sworn in Nov. 3, 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy U.S. Department of Labor)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Spokespeople for the Labor and Workforce Development Agency and Newsom’s press office did not respond to multiple inquiries. In an email, Parker alluded to his new position in the Biden administration and declined to comment, saying he wanted “the chance to study more about what has been happening outside of California.” He referred our inquiry back to Cal/OSHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency’s acting chief, Danielle 'Dan' Lucido, defended Cal/OSHA’s record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are a leader in providing worker protection, including against smoke,” she said. “We care very much about enforcement of this regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was Parker himself who petitioned Cal/OSHA to create the protections. In December 2018, prior to his tenure at the agency, Parker joined with labor advocates, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21120192-petition-573\">writing\u003c/a> that “an emergency standard needs to be put in place as soon as possible, since wildfires are now occurring during many months of the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Little outreach, few complaints, fewer inspections\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Breathing dangerous particulate matter in wildfire smoke can cause eye and throat irritation, persistent coughing, wheezing or difficulty breathing. Exposure to so-called PM 2.5 also can lead to more serious health problems, such as reduced lung function, heart failure and early death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A September investigation by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890211/dangerous-air-as-california-burns-america-breathes-toxic-smoke\">The California Newsroom linked the rise of wildfire smoke to sharp increases in hospitalizations for heart and lung conditions in the state\u003c/a>. It also found a dramatic rise in prescriptions for the asthma medication albuterol as the number of “smoke days” increased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Beltran and other farmworkers in Fresno County told KQED and The California Newsroom their employers never mentioned the required protections against smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some things they just like to keep to themselves,” said Beltran, the mother of six children. “And obviously we are the ones put at risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience of Beltran and other farmworkers who labor outside expose a Catch-22 scenario on the enforcement of the wildfire smoke regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897805\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897805 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran.jpg\" alt=\"A light-complected woman with long blond hair looks frankly at the camera, her right elbow propped on top of a car, her head tipped to her right. She wears a white mask that covers her face from nose to chin, a teal and white sweatshirt, and a dark blue jacket. Beyond her and beneath a leafy tree, a couple other parked cars are visible, and beyond a chain link fence lies a field with brown dirt and bright green leafy crops.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Alejandra-Beltran-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworker Alejandra Beltran, 44, leans on her truck near vineyards in Biola, California, on Oct. 13, 2021. Beltran said she worked outdoors in heavy smoke conditions as recently as Oct. 4 and 5, but wasn’t aware of the required worker protections. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Without strike teams of inspectors in the field, Cal/OSHA typically only shows up to worksites following a complaint. But the lack of awareness about required protections and workers opting to not report problems because they fear retaliation means Cal/OSHA has carried out very few inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency received only 221 complaints related to wildfire smoke and visited worksites for just 26 employers between July 2019 and October 5, 2021, the data shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-11897872\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1240\" height=\"1446\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable.jpg 1240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable-800x933.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable-1020x1189.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/AQITable-160x187.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1240px) 100vw, 1240px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucido said the small number of inspections did not indicate a problem. “Whenever we are put on notice through a complaint, we do what we're supposed to do and roll out to investigate, if there’s a serious complaint,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency responded to most of the rest of those complaints by sending a letter to employers, asking them to respond to concerns in writing. Observers say that rarely leads to fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'I always find it very ironic when the agencies brag, 'Oh, we have more stringent rules [than] the entire nation.' Well, those rules are out there. But if you don't enforce them, then there's nothing good out of them.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The California Farm Bureau Federation, the state’s largest agricultural trade group, has been working tirelessly to ensure agricultural employers know about the rules and to help them comply, a representative said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having workers who are not healthy is not a very good way to get the work done,” said Bryan Little, who directs human resources policy for the federation. He has led many trainings on wildfire smoke regulations for the organization’s 33,000 members, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The people that I've talked to certainly leave me with the impression that they're trying very hard to make sure that they get their compliance issues right,” said Little.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But workers’ statements to KQED and The California Newsroom coincide with the findings of a recent survey of more than 300 agricultural workers in the San Joaquin Valley conducted by the nonprofit Central California Environmental Justice Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rule is not working,” said Nayamin Martinez, the network’s executive director. “I always find it very ironic when the agencies brag, ‘Oh, we have more stringent rules [than] the entire nation.’ Well, those rules are out there. But if you don’t enforce them, then there's nothing good out of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 60% of farmworkers surveyed in Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera and Tulare counties said that their employers did not provide N95 masks or that they did not know what N95s were. About 45% reported they were not aware of California’s wildfire smoke protections, said Martinez, whose small nonprofit developed wallet cards in Spanish to educate workers about the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industries where workers labor outdoors — such as agriculture, construction and landscaping — depend on a significant proportion of undocumented workers who are especially fearful of retaliation if they report problems. These workers may also face language and other barriers that make it more difficult to alert Cal/OSHA about conditions at their worksites, said Anne Katten, who directs the California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation’s pesticide and work safety project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be much more outreach and it needs to be linguistically and culturally appropriate for workers,” said Katten, who joined Parker in petitioning Cal/OSHA for the protections. “It needs to be more high-profile. There needs to be a real, proactive program of having public service announcements and information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez suspects many small employers, especially Spanish-speaking farm labor contractors, also are unaware of the regulations. Others have difficulty monitoring the air quality index, or AQI, as prominent air quality websites are in English only, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only two agricultural employers were issued fines by Cal/OSHA inspectors for failing to provide enough respirators or effective training to employees exposed to wildfire smoke, agency data shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Cal/OSHA's troubled history\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The paltry enforcement of the state smoke standard is just the latest example of the agency being slow to act on regulations that respond to crises made worse by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-cal-osha-farm-workers-20150612-story.html\">Cal/OSHA settled a lawsuit brought by five farmworkers and the United Farm Workers union\u003c/a> that accused the agency of neglecting its duty to enforce a 2005 law that protects outdoor workers from excessive heat. Farmworkers had died from heat-related illnesses while on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency agreed to increase its scrutiny of workplaces during high-heat months, and also \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/DIRNews/2021/2021-61.html\">waged a massive education campaign about the protections\u003c/a>, which require employers to provide basics like access to fresh water and shade, said Kevin Riley, who directs UCLA’s Labor Occupational Safety and Health Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result said, Martinez, are radio announcements about the heat standard broadcast in multiple languages. “You can see billboards everywhere,” she said. “Compared to that, I didn’t see as much education, public education about the wildfire rule.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Meanwhile, Cal/OSHA also struggled with staffing shortages that worsened during the pandemic. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875988/minimal-to-non-existent-safety-inspector-shortage-worsened-in-pandemic-leaving-california-workers-vulnerable\">vacancy rate for inspectors statewide reached 26% in February\u003c/a>, according to Cal/OSHA, but the agency was able to hire dozens of safety engineers and industrial hygienists. \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/DOSH-Recruitment-Hiring.html\">Its vacancy rate for those positions is now just 16%.\u003c/a> Still, the agency has been overwhelmed by COVID-19 related complaints, say labor advocates, and cut down on in-person visits to worksites for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucido, the current head of Cal/OSHA, acknowledged that the pandemic undercut the agency’s ability to increase awareness about the rule, but pushed back against the notion that enforcing the wildfire smoke protections is not a priority for the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are determined to enforce this regulation and educate workers about their rights,” she said. “Having the pandemic in play for a year and a half of this new regulation impacted our ability to create materials and do other things that we would have wanted to do to engage in outreach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last six months, the agency has posted \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/worker-health-and-safety-in-wildfire-regions.html\">videos\u003c/a> and other training materials on its website about the regulations in Spanish and English and met with community-based organizations that can help workers file complaints, she added. But there has been no massive public outreach campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>One worker's story\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>California’s wildfire smoke requirements for employers are activated only when outdoor workers may be exposed to wildfire smoke and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/\">air quality index\u003c/a> for PM 2.5 reaches 151 or above, which the federal Environmental Protection Agency deems “unhealthy.” At that level, employers must offer workers N95 masks or make changes to reduce workers’ exposure to the smoke. Wearing N95 masks is compulsory when the AQI hits 500 or more, a level rarely reached during even the worst wildfires and 200 points higher than the standard for “hazardous” set by the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/California/Publications/AgComm/2019/CAC_2019_actual_final.pdf\">top 10 agricultural counties in the state\u003c/a>, most of which lie in the San Joaquin Valley, Fresno has experienced the most wildfire season days with an AQI greater than 150, according to an analysis by KQED and The California Newsroom of \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/outdoor-air-quality-data/air-data-daily-air-quality-tracker\">EPA historical air quality data\u003c/a>. Since the smoke rule went into effect, Fresno has seen a total of 45 “unhealthy” air days during peak wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897816\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1114px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897816 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA.jpg\" alt=\"A map of Northern California counties, outlined in white, with a red overlay in the middle, with a U around the central area in orange, then a U of yellow around that, and finally green outside the yellow on the left, where the ocean is.\" width=\"1114\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA.jpg 1114w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA-800x445.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA-1020x568.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Smoke-Fresno-Oct-5-NOAA-160x89.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1114px) 100vw, 1114px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An analysis of satellite images by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shows that heavy smoke inundated Fresno and other parts of the San Joaquin Valley on Oct. 5, 2021, including fields where farmworkers interviewed by KQED and The California Report said they labored that day. Most of the smoke emanated from the KNP Complex Fire that was raging in nearby Sequoia National Park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On one of those days, Oct. 5, 2021, a 33-year-old immigrant from Mexico said he worked a regular shift pulling dry grapevines from the soil by a Fresno highway. The AQI hovered around 160 in the county, according to the EPA, while federal satellite images showed intense smoke blanketing the field where he worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The smoke was really thick, you could really feel it,” said the worker, who has labored in the U.S. for 15 years, in Spanish. “My throat hurt that day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his employer, a farm labor contractor that he identified as Can II Ag Mgt. Inc., has never offered training or N95 masks on smoky days, he said. A large banner for the company was tied to a portable toilet in the field where he toiled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At work they haven’t given us masks at all,” said the worker, who was surprised to learn about the safeguards. “They’ve never given us classes on what to do when there’s a lot of pollution because of the smoke.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED is withholding the man’s name because he fears retaliation from his employer and, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/national-agricultural-workers-survey/research/data-tables\">like more than 40% of agricultural workers in the state, is undocumented\u003c/a>. A second farmworker who said he also was employed by Can II Ag Mgt., which is based in Kerman, provided similar testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897819\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897819 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign.jpg\" alt=\"Backlit by bright sun on a four-wheeled extended trailer are a red portable toilet with a hand-washing station on the left and an olive-colored company sign nearly the height of the toilet and three times as long on the right. The trailer sits on a dirt road beside a field.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1194\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign-800x498.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign-1020x634.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Can-II-sign-1536x955.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A banner for Can II Ag Mgt. stands next to a portable toilet at a field in Fresno County where farmworkers said the company failed to offer them N95 masks or other required protections during heavy smoke days. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Several attempts to reach Guillermo Cantu, Can II Ag Mgt.’s chief executive officer according to California corporate filings, were unsuccessful. But his wife and co-worker, Angie Garcia, said they were aware of the wildfire smoke rule and referred questions to their attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We provide everything necessary to use while they are working,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s attorney, Anthony Raimondo, denied the allegations made by farmworkers, but declined to provide evidence that Can II Ag Mgt. had taken any steps to reduce workers’ exposure to wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company is in compliance with all the rules of the state of California. We deny the allegations 100%,” said Raimondo, president of Raimondo & Associates in the city of Fresno. “These are uncorroborated, unsubstantiated statements. And there’ll be no further comment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data provided by Cal/OSHA show no workers filed a complaint against this company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Farida Jhabvala Romero is a reporter for KQED in San Francisco. She produced this investigation for The California Newsroom. Aaron Glantz, senior investigations editor for the newsroom, edited this story with managing editor Adriene Hill. It was edited by David Marks and copy edited by Jenny Pritchett of KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Newsroom is a collaboration of NPR, 17 public radio stations across the state, from San Diego to the Oregon border, and CalMatters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11886313\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final.png\" alt='A Mark Fiore cartoon showing bright fruits and vegetables, captioned, \"healthy and nutritious!\" Next we see farmworkers in a hot smoky field captioned, \"deadly and dangerous.\" There is small type below the field that reads, \"farm work in the era of climate change may cause heat exhaustion, heat stroke, smoke inhalation and/or death.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1355\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final-800x565.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final-1020x720.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final-160x113.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final-1536x1084.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>Amid heat waves, wildfires and thick smoke, farmworkers who grow our food are among those \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioreclimatefarmworkers\">most affected\u003c/a> by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California has some of the richest farmland, on most days this time of year, all you have to do is look out your window to realize the state is experiencing global warming firsthand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people picking our food don’t have to look out the window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re already outside, working hard in the smoke and extreme heat … and suffering the health effects of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11886313\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final.png\" alt='A Mark Fiore cartoon showing bright fruits and vegetables, captioned, \"healthy and nutritious!\" Next we see farmworkers in a hot smoky field captioned, \"deadly and dangerous.\" There is small type below the field that reads, \"farm work in the era of climate change may cause heat exhaustion, heat stroke, smoke inhalation and/or death.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1355\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final-800x565.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final-1020x720.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final-160x113.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/healthy_082521_final-1536x1084.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>Amid heat waves, wildfires and thick smoke, farmworkers who grow our food are among those \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioreclimatefarmworkers\">most affected\u003c/a> by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California has some of the richest farmland, on most days this time of year, all you have to do is look out your window to realize the state is experiencing global warming firsthand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people picking our food don’t have to look out the window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re already outside, working hard in the smoke and extreme heat … and suffering the health effects of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Leoncio Antonio Trejo Galdamez, 58, died in his son’s arms on June 29 after spending the day laying irrigation pipes in California’s Coachella Valley. News of his death reverberated through the largely Latino community near the Mexican and Arizona borders — another casualty in a dangerous business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Farmworkers are at the front lines of climate change. And, in some instances, we’re seeing a perfect storm battering our workers: COVID-19, wildfire smoke and heat,” said Leydy Rangel, a spokesperson for the United Farm Workers Foundation.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Andrew Kassinove, emergency department physician at JFK Memorial Hospital in Indio\"]‘If we start seeing above 120 degrees in any regular capacity, we’re really in uncharted territory. The human body is not designed to exist in that kind of heat.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For workers like Trejo Galdamez, whose jobs depend on outdoor work, a few degrees can mean the difference between life and death. Farmworkers here wear long shirts, thick jeans, heavy boots and wide-brimmed hats to guard against the heat. Even so, ambulances are frequently called to the fields, and heat-related illness appears to be increasing in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The heat feels awful,” said Jaime Isidoro, 36. “You start to work, you start to sweat, and the shirt underneath gets drenched.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886036\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11886036\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"Farmworker Jaime Isidoro has been working in the California fields since he migrated from Puebla, Mexico, in 2000. Isidoro says that most farmworkers wear a thin shirt underneath their clothes to combat the heat. “You start to work, you start to sweat, and the shirt underneath gets drenched and you kind of feel refreshed when you’re bathed in sweat.” \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1.jpeg 1350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworker Jaime Isidoro has been working in the California fields since he migrated from Puebla, Mexico, in 2000. Isidoro says that most farmworkers wear a thin shirt underneath their clothes to combat the heat. ‘You start to work, you start to sweat, and the shirt underneath gets drenched and you kind of feel refreshed when you’re bathed in sweat.’ \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Born in Puebla, Mexico, Isidoro has been picking crops for two decades in the Coachella Valley. The region has one of the country’s longest growing seasons, providing most of America’s winter vegetables. It’s also home to hundreds of date farms, which thrive in the hot, dry climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heat is a given here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A few years ago, my head started hurting. I started to get chills. I went to the clinic and they gave me a couple of shots,” said Isidoro. “They told me it was a heatstroke. You don’t know the symptoms. I didn’t know it was that until I had it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886037\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11886037\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4.jpeg 1270w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jaime Isidoro plants fruit trees in his backyard during his time off and says he has noticed the summers getting hotter every year. ‘This is the first time this guava tree bore fruit,’ he says. ‘I was expecting a good crop, but the heat is too high and it’s burning the fruit.’ \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And the temperatures are getting more extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Aug. 4, three of the desert communities in the region surpassed their daily recorded highs, hitting 122 degrees in Palm Springs and Thermal, and 120 in Indio. Thermal set a record for its hottest temperature ever for August at 121 degrees. California registered its hottest June and July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heat is the leading weather-related cause of death in the United States: Heat stress killed 815 U.S. workers and seriously injured more than 70,000 workers from 1992 through 2017, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In California, heat-related emergency room visits increased by 35% from 2005 to 2015, the latest year for which data was readily available, with disproportionate increases among Black, Latino and Asian American communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical staffers in the Coachella Valley say they’ve treated a rising number of patients suffering from heat exhaustion or heatstroke in recent years. In 2018 California saw 6,152 emergency room visits due to heat-related illness. Riverside County, which includes Coachella, Indio and Palm Springs, has among the highest rates of heat-related ER visits in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we start seeing above 120 degrees in any regular capacity, we’re really in uncharted territory. The human body is not designed to exist in that kind of heat,” said Dr. Andrew Kassinove, emergency department physician and chief of staff at JFK Memorial Hospital in Indio.[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital regularly treats people who work outside for heat exhaustion, characterized by nausea, lightheadedness, fatigue, muscle cramping and dizziness. Less frequently they see heatstroke, a more dangerous condition whose symptoms include headache, confusion, vomiting, rapid heart rate, fainting and a failure to sweat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JFK Memorial has treated 129 heat-related cases already this year, compared with 85 in all of 2020 and 75 in 2019, said hospital spokesperson Todd Burke. [aside postID=news_11866519,news_11878212]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Core body temperatures that are really elevated require lifesaving measures to treat them,” Kassinove said. As temperatures rise above the typical human temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit, the body struggles to dissipate the heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has some of the strictest worker protections for heat exhaustion. A standard adopted by occupational safety officials in 2006 was the first in the country to apply to all outdoor jobs, mandating companies to provide workers with adequate shade, downtime and water. After a historic heat wave hit the Pacific Northwest this June, Oregon and Washington adopted similar protections. Some members of Congress have introduced a similar bill and want the Labor Department to establish federal standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886039\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11886039\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"Aguileo Rangel Rojas, originally from Guanajuato, Mexico, has been working as a farmworker in Coachella since 2004. \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5.jpeg 1350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aguileo Rangel Rojas, originally from Guanajuato, Mexico, has been working as a farmworker in Coachella since 2004. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But workers’ rights groups say the rules are not always enforced. And farmworkers, who are desperate for the money and often get paid per piece during harvests, often overlook their own safety, they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Farmworkers are less likely to file complaints,” said the UFW’s Rangel. With no federal assistance during the pandemic, “they had no option. They had to keep showing up to work if they wanted to feed their family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latinos, who represent the majority of California farmworkers, are as a group more likely to have conditions that can be exacerbated by the heat, like high blood pressure and kidney disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health workers stress the importance of hydration and urge the workers to consume less dehydrating soda, coffee and alcohol, said nurse practitioner Jose Banuelos at Coachella’s Central Neighborhood Health Foundation. “You can’t change your job if your job is outside. But I tell people to wear sunscreen and a protective coating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heat may also affect a patient’s use of medicines. Antipsychotics and antidepressants, for example, can reduce thirst and thus cause dehydration, as do diuretics, sometimes taken for swelling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Isidoro, who said he’s looking for other jobs, often sees fellow workers struggling in the fields. If they feel faint, they can sit in the shade, or jump in a nearby truck for air conditioning — or call 911 if symptoms persist. But it’s a point of pride not to show the heat is getting to you, he said — and calls to slow down are often met with snickers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around Bakersfield, during the summer and fall harvest of table grapes, ambulances are a regular sight, Isidoro said. “Daily you would hear, ‘Here comes the ambulance’ or ‘So-and-so left early because he felt ill.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886040\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 770px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11886040\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-6.jpeg\" alt=\"Rangel Rojas lives in a trailer home with his wife in Thermal, California. He says working during such high heat is “indescribable.” At age 15, his son suffered heatstroke picking grapes in Bakersfield and spent 15 days in the hospital. \" width=\"770\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-6.jpeg 770w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-6-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aguileo Rangel Rojas lives in a trailer home with his wife in Thermal, California. He says working during such high heat is ‘indescribable.’ At age 15, his son suffered heatstroke picking grapes in Bakersfield and spent 15 days in the hospital. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But many workers ignore the warning signs, said Aguileo Rangel Rojas, another farmworker: “They are OK risking their health, not thinking about it, to make sure they can make a wage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangel Rojas knows the risks all too well. In 2005, his then-15-year-old son, Cruz, suffered heatstroke while picking grapes. He spent 15 days in the hospital and the family wasn’t sure he would survive. His father teared up at the memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t have money. We didn’t speak English. Without cars. Without anything,” he said. “We didn’t know our rights. It can rip your heart out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz stopped picking after that and went back to high school; he’s now a UFW employee. His father, now 53, still works in the fields with his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, Rangel Rojas began working nights, when temperatures go down to the low 80s. But even without extreme heat, there are risks. Evaporation from the crops hangs thick in the air, creating humidity that can bring on thunderstorms and flash floods. Lightning flashed around him while he was out cutting celery on a tractor on a recent predawn morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can get hit by lightning at any moment and we could all die,” he said. “There should be an instance when it’s raining and the bosses have us stop working, but they don’t. We don’t have the luxury of sitting behind a desk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>, which publishes \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Healthline\u003c/a>, an editorially independent service of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For workers like Trejo Galdamez, whose jobs depend on outdoor work, a few degrees can mean the difference between life and death. Farmworkers here wear long shirts, thick jeans, heavy boots and wide-brimmed hats to guard against the heat. Even so, ambulances are frequently called to the fields, and heat-related illness appears to be increasing in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The heat feels awful,” said Jaime Isidoro, 36. “You start to work, you start to sweat, and the shirt underneath gets drenched.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886036\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11886036\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"Farmworker Jaime Isidoro has been working in the California fields since he migrated from Puebla, Mexico, in 2000. Isidoro says that most farmworkers wear a thin shirt underneath their clothes to combat the heat. “You start to work, you start to sweat, and the shirt underneath gets drenched and you kind of feel refreshed when you’re bathed in sweat.” \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-1.jpeg 1350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworker Jaime Isidoro has been working in the California fields since he migrated from Puebla, Mexico, in 2000. Isidoro says that most farmworkers wear a thin shirt underneath their clothes to combat the heat. ‘You start to work, you start to sweat, and the shirt underneath gets drenched and you kind of feel refreshed when you’re bathed in sweat.’ \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Born in Puebla, Mexico, Isidoro has been picking crops for two decades in the Coachella Valley. The region has one of the country’s longest growing seasons, providing most of America’s winter vegetables. It’s also home to hundreds of date farms, which thrive in the hot, dry climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heat is a given here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A few years ago, my head started hurting. I started to get chills. I went to the clinic and they gave me a couple of shots,” said Isidoro. “They told me it was a heatstroke. You don’t know the symptoms. I didn’t know it was that until I had it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886037\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11886037\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-4.jpeg 1270w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jaime Isidoro plants fruit trees in his backyard during his time off and says he has noticed the summers getting hotter every year. ‘This is the first time this guava tree bore fruit,’ he says. ‘I was expecting a good crop, but the heat is too high and it’s burning the fruit.’ \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And the temperatures are getting more extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Aug. 4, three of the desert communities in the region surpassed their daily recorded highs, hitting 122 degrees in Palm Springs and Thermal, and 120 in Indio. Thermal set a record for its hottest temperature ever for August at 121 degrees. California registered its hottest June and July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heat is the leading weather-related cause of death in the United States: Heat stress killed 815 U.S. workers and seriously injured more than 70,000 workers from 1992 through 2017, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In California, heat-related emergency room visits increased by 35% from 2005 to 2015, the latest year for which data was readily available, with disproportionate increases among Black, Latino and Asian American communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical staffers in the Coachella Valley say they’ve treated a rising number of patients suffering from heat exhaustion or heatstroke in recent years. In 2018 California saw 6,152 emergency room visits due to heat-related illness. Riverside County, which includes Coachella, Indio and Palm Springs, has among the highest rates of heat-related ER visits in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we start seeing above 120 degrees in any regular capacity, we’re really in uncharted territory. The human body is not designed to exist in that kind of heat,” said Dr. Andrew Kassinove, emergency department physician and chief of staff at JFK Memorial Hospital in Indio.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital regularly treats people who work outside for heat exhaustion, characterized by nausea, lightheadedness, fatigue, muscle cramping and dizziness. Less frequently they see heatstroke, a more dangerous condition whose symptoms include headache, confusion, vomiting, rapid heart rate, fainting and a failure to sweat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JFK Memorial has treated 129 heat-related cases already this year, compared with 85 in all of 2020 and 75 in 2019, said hospital spokesperson Todd Burke. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Core body temperatures that are really elevated require lifesaving measures to treat them,” Kassinove said. As temperatures rise above the typical human temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit, the body struggles to dissipate the heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has some of the strictest worker protections for heat exhaustion. A standard adopted by occupational safety officials in 2006 was the first in the country to apply to all outdoor jobs, mandating companies to provide workers with adequate shade, downtime and water. After a historic heat wave hit the Pacific Northwest this June, Oregon and Washington adopted similar protections. Some members of Congress have introduced a similar bill and want the Labor Department to establish federal standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886039\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11886039\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"Aguileo Rangel Rojas, originally from Guanajuato, Mexico, has been working as a farmworker in Coachella since 2004. \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-5.jpeg 1350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aguileo Rangel Rojas, originally from Guanajuato, Mexico, has been working as a farmworker in Coachella since 2004. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But workers’ rights groups say the rules are not always enforced. And farmworkers, who are desperate for the money and often get paid per piece during harvests, often overlook their own safety, they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Farmworkers are less likely to file complaints,” said the UFW’s Rangel. With no federal assistance during the pandemic, “they had no option. They had to keep showing up to work if they wanted to feed their family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latinos, who represent the majority of California farmworkers, are as a group more likely to have conditions that can be exacerbated by the heat, like high blood pressure and kidney disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health workers stress the importance of hydration and urge the workers to consume less dehydrating soda, coffee and alcohol, said nurse practitioner Jose Banuelos at Coachella’s Central Neighborhood Health Foundation. “You can’t change your job if your job is outside. But I tell people to wear sunscreen and a protective coating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heat may also affect a patient’s use of medicines. Antipsychotics and antidepressants, for example, can reduce thirst and thus cause dehydration, as do diuretics, sometimes taken for swelling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Isidoro, who said he’s looking for other jobs, often sees fellow workers struggling in the fields. If they feel faint, they can sit in the shade, or jump in a nearby truck for air conditioning — or call 911 if symptoms persist. But it’s a point of pride not to show the heat is getting to you, he said — and calls to slow down are often met with snickers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around Bakersfield, during the summer and fall harvest of table grapes, ambulances are a regular sight, Isidoro said. “Daily you would hear, ‘Here comes the ambulance’ or ‘So-and-so left early because he felt ill.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886040\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 770px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11886040\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-6.jpeg\" alt=\"Rangel Rojas lives in a trailer home with his wife in Thermal, California. He says working during such high heat is “indescribable.” At age 15, his son suffered heatstroke picking grapes in Bakersfield and spent 15 days in the hospital. \" width=\"770\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-6.jpeg 770w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/farmworker-heat-6-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aguileo Rangel Rojas lives in a trailer home with his wife in Thermal, California. He says working during such high heat is ‘indescribable.’ At age 15, his son suffered heatstroke picking grapes in Bakersfield and spent 15 days in the hospital. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But many workers ignore the warning signs, said Aguileo Rangel Rojas, another farmworker: “They are OK risking their health, not thinking about it, to make sure they can make a wage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangel Rojas knows the risks all too well. In 2005, his then-15-year-old son, Cruz, suffered heatstroke while picking grapes. He spent 15 days in the hospital and the family wasn’t sure he would survive. His father teared up at the memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t have money. We didn’t speak English. Without cars. Without anything,” he said. “We didn’t know our rights. It can rip your heart out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz stopped picking after that and went back to high school; he’s now a UFW employee. His father, now 53, still works in the fields with his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, Rangel Rojas began working nights, when temperatures go down to the low 80s. But even without extreme heat, there are risks. Evaporation from the crops hangs thick in the air, creating humidity that can bring on thunderstorms and flash floods. Lightning flashed around him while he was out cutting celery on a tractor on a recent predawn morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can get hit by lightning at any moment and we could all die,” he said. “There should be an instance when it’s raining and the bosses have us stop working, but they don’t. We don’t have the luxury of sitting behind a desk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>, which publishes \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Healthline\u003c/a>, an editorially independent service of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"order": 9
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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