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"content": "\u003cp>Shortly after a gunman in San Jose killed nine people and himself at a Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority rail yard on May 26, local and state officials put a renewed focus on California’s “red flag” law, asking if it could have prevented the massacre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Formally known as a gun violence restraining orders (GVRO), the law is designed to allow courts to take guns away from people who are deemed a danger to themselves or others. In 2014, California became one of the first states in the country to enact such legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not many law enforcement agencies have used the order, including those in Santa Clara County, where San Jose is located. Jeff Rosen, the county’s district attorney, says in the first few years after the law went into effect in 2016, few of his law enforcement officers knew about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Police officers get phone calls — get 911 calls from neighbors, from family members, co-workers: ‘Hey, this person I know is threatening to kill themselves or others,’ ” Rosen said. “The police officers would respond and they wouldn’t know that they could get a gun violence restraining order and remove the guns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, Rosen worked with law enforcement officials in a handful of other California counties to streamline the filing process and improve how police are trained to use the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we taught and we trained all the police officers in our county, we saw a huge increase in the number of gun violence restraining orders we issued in our county,” Rosen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County, along with San Diego and Orange counties, now issue the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/2021/california-gun-restraining-orders/\">most GVROs in the state\u003c/a>, at last count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rosen says work still needs to be done to further raise public awareness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I think this mass shooting at the VTA and San Jose shows us is that we now need to educate the public about gun violence restraining orders,” Rosen said. “Now, we’re taking the next step of public service announcements and trainings of businesses to educate them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>How Red Flag Laws Work\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The laws differ slightly in every state that has one. In California, if you’re afraid someone close to you may hurt themselves or others and has access to a firearm, you can call the police to request that a\u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/33961.htm?rdeLocaleAttr=en\"> GVRO be issued.\u003c/a> Your request will eventually make its way to a judge who will ask for evidence showing that the person in question is in danger or a threat to others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, if a person is known to be in immediate danger, a judge can approve an ex parte hearing — one that can proceed without the person in attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a judge decides the evidence is sufficient to issue a GVRO to someone, that person will be required to surrender his or her firearms and ammunition for at least of 21 days, and up to five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, California’s law was expanded to allow co-workers, educators and employers to request the order, rather than just family members and law enforcement officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw over and over again shootings occur at schools as well as at workplaces,” said Assemblymember Phil Ting, D-San Francisco, who introduced the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB61\">bill\u003c/a>. “It made sense to expand gun violence restraining orders beyond the people who could get them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RdRrQNemFoQ\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>A Tool, Not a Panacea\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ting ties the general lack of awareness about the law’s full scope and potential to the fact that it was expanded shortly before the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to decipher or even understand all the new laws that were passed, especially if you are just a regular, ordinary citizen who is just going about their very busy life,” Ting said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same can be said for many law enforcement officers. Consider, for instance, that \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/san-jose-shooter-was-previously-questioned-by-law-enforcement-over-hatred-of-workplace-11622142384\">U.S. Customs and Border Patrol agents\u003c/a> in 2016 detained the VTA shooter on his way back from a trip to the Philippines after finding books on terrorism in his possession, as well as hand-written notes professing his hatred for the VTA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ting acknowledges the law has its limits, and that it’s impossible to say whether it would have prevented the VTA shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gun violence restraining orders are not a panacea. They’re a tool,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GVROs are actually most commonly used to prevent suicides — \u003ca href=\"https://maps.everytownresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Every-State-Fact-Sheet-2.0-042720-California.pdf\">which account for the majority of gun deaths\u003c/a> in California — and shootings in domestic violence cases. But the law doesn’t necessarily protect the person reporting the potential threat, according to Esther Peralez-Dieckmann, executive director of the San Jose nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.nextdoorsolutions.org/\">Next Door Solutions to Domestic Violence\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"gun-control\"]“We find that people who perpetrate violence are very focused on hurting and abusing the victim,” she said. “They’re not necessarily concerned about the restraining order.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She adds there are multiple reasons why a victim might not want to request this type of order. For one, the victim may be undocumented, or otherwise wary of interaction with law enforcement. Also, getting a GVRO approved by a judge requires evidence of abuse, something a survivor might not have available on hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complicating matters further, the abuser may be in a profession that requires operating a firearm, Peralez-Dieckmann noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That definitely is something in the mind of the survivor, because in many cases, the survivor is financially dependent on the person inflicting the abuse,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peralez-Dieckmann says her goal is stopping the cycle of violence before it escalates to the point that someone feels the need to invoke the red flag law — or wishes they had after the fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do you prevent violence?” Peralez-Dieckmann said. “Because it is a learned behavior. And what the studies show is that in some of these situations, perpetrators were exposed to violence much earlier in life. Either they were children who were somehow exposed to abuse or observed domestic violence.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "If it had been used, California's expanded 'red flag' law could have potentially prevented the mass shooting in San Jose two weeks ago. But the law has proven difficult to implement. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Shortly after a gunman in San Jose killed nine people and himself at a Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority rail yard on May 26, local and state officials put a renewed focus on California’s “red flag” law, asking if it could have prevented the massacre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Formally known as a gun violence restraining orders (GVRO), the law is designed to allow courts to take guns away from people who are deemed a danger to themselves or others. In 2014, California became one of the first states in the country to enact such legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not many law enforcement agencies have used the order, including those in Santa Clara County, where San Jose is located. Jeff Rosen, the county’s district attorney, says in the first few years after the law went into effect in 2016, few of his law enforcement officers knew about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Police officers get phone calls — get 911 calls from neighbors, from family members, co-workers: ‘Hey, this person I know is threatening to kill themselves or others,’ ” Rosen said. “The police officers would respond and they wouldn’t know that they could get a gun violence restraining order and remove the guns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, Rosen worked with law enforcement officials in a handful of other California counties to streamline the filing process and improve how police are trained to use the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we taught and we trained all the police officers in our county, we saw a huge increase in the number of gun violence restraining orders we issued in our county,” Rosen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County, along with San Diego and Orange counties, now issue the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/2021/california-gun-restraining-orders/\">most GVROs in the state\u003c/a>, at last count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rosen says work still needs to be done to further raise public awareness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I think this mass shooting at the VTA and San Jose shows us is that we now need to educate the public about gun violence restraining orders,” Rosen said. “Now, we’re taking the next step of public service announcements and trainings of businesses to educate them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>How Red Flag Laws Work\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The laws differ slightly in every state that has one. In California, if you’re afraid someone close to you may hurt themselves or others and has access to a firearm, you can call the police to request that a\u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/33961.htm?rdeLocaleAttr=en\"> GVRO be issued.\u003c/a> Your request will eventually make its way to a judge who will ask for evidence showing that the person in question is in danger or a threat to others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, if a person is known to be in immediate danger, a judge can approve an ex parte hearing — one that can proceed without the person in attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a judge decides the evidence is sufficient to issue a GVRO to someone, that person will be required to surrender his or her firearms and ammunition for at least of 21 days, and up to five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, California’s law was expanded to allow co-workers, educators and employers to request the order, rather than just family members and law enforcement officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw over and over again shootings occur at schools as well as at workplaces,” said Assemblymember Phil Ting, D-San Francisco, who introduced the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB61\">bill\u003c/a>. “It made sense to expand gun violence restraining orders beyond the people who could get them.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/RdRrQNemFoQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/RdRrQNemFoQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>A Tool, Not a Panacea\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ting ties the general lack of awareness about the law’s full scope and potential to the fact that it was expanded shortly before the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to decipher or even understand all the new laws that were passed, especially if you are just a regular, ordinary citizen who is just going about their very busy life,” Ting said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same can be said for many law enforcement officers. Consider, for instance, that \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/san-jose-shooter-was-previously-questioned-by-law-enforcement-over-hatred-of-workplace-11622142384\">U.S. Customs and Border Patrol agents\u003c/a> in 2016 detained the VTA shooter on his way back from a trip to the Philippines after finding books on terrorism in his possession, as well as hand-written notes professing his hatred for the VTA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ting acknowledges the law has its limits, and that it’s impossible to say whether it would have prevented the VTA shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gun violence restraining orders are not a panacea. They’re a tool,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GVROs are actually most commonly used to prevent suicides — \u003ca href=\"https://maps.everytownresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Every-State-Fact-Sheet-2.0-042720-California.pdf\">which account for the majority of gun deaths\u003c/a> in California — and shootings in domestic violence cases. But the law doesn’t necessarily protect the person reporting the potential threat, according to Esther Peralez-Dieckmann, executive director of the San Jose nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.nextdoorsolutions.org/\">Next Door Solutions to Domestic Violence\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We find that people who perpetrate violence are very focused on hurting and abusing the victim,” she said. “They’re not necessarily concerned about the restraining order.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She adds there are multiple reasons why a victim might not want to request this type of order. For one, the victim may be undocumented, or otherwise wary of interaction with law enforcement. Also, getting a GVRO approved by a judge requires evidence of abuse, something a survivor might not have available on hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complicating matters further, the abuser may be in a profession that requires operating a firearm, Peralez-Dieckmann noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That definitely is something in the mind of the survivor, because in many cases, the survivor is financially dependent on the person inflicting the abuse,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peralez-Dieckmann says her goal is stopping the cycle of violence before it escalates to the point that someone feels the need to invoke the red flag law — or wishes they had after the fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do you prevent violence?” Peralez-Dieckmann said. “Because it is a learned behavior. And what the studies show is that in some of these situations, perpetrators were exposed to violence much earlier in life. Either they were children who were somehow exposed to abuse or observed domestic violence.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Appeals 'Stone Cold Ideologue' Judge's Ruling Upending State's Assault Weapons Ban",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom denounced in starkly personal terms a federal judge’s upending of the state’s restrictions on assault weapons as officials announced the filing Thursday of a formal notice that they will appeal the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They described last week’s ruling by U.S. District Judge Roger Benitez as an outlier that conflicts with at least six other federal decisions upholding assault weapons laws in California and elsewhere, a ruling that is designed to get the issue before a recently more conservative U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, the son of a judge, denounced Benitez as “a stone cold ideologue. He is a wholly owned subsidiary of the gun lobby of the National Rifle Association.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state already is appealing the same judge’s 2017 ruling against the state’s nearly two-decade-old ban on the sales and purchases of magazines holding more than 10 bullets, and his ruling last year blocking a 2019 California law requiring background checks for anyone buying ammunition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to call this federal judge out. He will continue to do damage, mark my word,” Newsom said. “This is a very focused agenda to work through this judge, where the decision’s already made before it’s even presented, who writes ‘press releases’ on behalf of the gun lobby.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gun owners’ rights groups have made no secret of their effort to get firearms restrictions before the nation’s high court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Firearms Policy Coalition, which led plaintiffs who won at the trial level, condemned the governor’s “outrageous and callous personal attacks” on the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Newsom’s verbal assaults on a long-respected member of the judiciary shows his deep and continuing disrespect for the rule of law, the judiciary, the Constitution, and the human rights of California citizens,” the group said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benitez was appointed by Republican President George W. Bush. Newsom, a Democrat, also assailed Republicans who don’t support gun restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A three-judge appeals court panel agreed with Benitez on his ammunition magazine ruling, but the decision is being reconsidered by a larger appellate panel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta filed the three-page notice of appeal and plans to ask the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for a stay so the current 32-year assault weapons ban will remain in effect throughout the appeals process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877597\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11877597\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta speaks during a press conference on March 24, 2021, with Gov. Gavin Newsom in the background. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Benitez ruled on Friday that the state’s definition of illegal military-style rifles violates the U.S. Constitution because it deprives law-abiding Californians of weapons commonly allowed in most other states. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the ruling, including Bonta and Newsom, were particularly upset with the judge’s comparison of assault weapons to a common tool: “Like the Swiss Army knife, the popular AR-15 rifle is a perfect combination of home defense weapon and homeland defense equipment. Good for both home and battle,” the judge wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pocket knives were not intended to kill as many people as possible,” said Mattie Scott, Brady California state president, whose 24-year-old son was killed with an assault weapon in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials announced their appeal at San Francisco General Hospital, a Level I Trauma Center, where trauma surgeon Dr. Andre Campbell vividly described the damage that can be done by a high-speed rifle round fired from an assault weapon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An AR-15 is a weapon of mass destruction … used in warfare,” Campbell said. It “causes absolute devastation to the human body. It is as if a bomb went off in the tissues of the patient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Gun Control' tag='gun-control']California first banned specific brands of weapons in 1989 after a mass shooting at a Stockton elementary school killed five children and injured more than two dozen others. The state has updated the law several times since then and overall has some of the nation’s strictest firearms laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, “we have one of the lowest gun death rates in the entire country,” said Robyn Thomas, executive director of the Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Firearms Policy Coalition said it will oppose any stay of Benitez’s order. It had argued in part that assault weapons are no more deadly than some other weapons that are not banned by the state. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The State’s desire to continue imposing its ban should not be allowed to prevail over the fundamental rights of law-abiding gun owners,” the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom and Bonta are longtime supporters of what they term commonsense gun restrictions. The governor likely faces a recall election this fall largely driven by his handling of the coronavirus pandemic. Bonta took office in April to fill a vacancy and faces several more conservative challengers in next year’s election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their move was backed earlier by 10 Democratic state lawmakers who said the restrictions help control gun violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats who control the state Assembly on Thursday revived for future consideration a bill that would raise taxes on the sale of guns and ammunition. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill requires a two-thirds vote because it would raise taxes, and last week it failed to muster enough votes. It would impose a 10% tax on the sales price of handguns and an 11% tax on the sales price of rifles, precursor parts and ammunition, using the money for gun violence prevention and recovery programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Adam Beam of The Associated Press contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom denounced in starkly personal terms a federal judge’s upending of the state’s restrictions on assault weapons as officials announced the filing Thursday of a formal notice that they will appeal the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They described last week’s ruling by U.S. District Judge Roger Benitez as an outlier that conflicts with at least six other federal decisions upholding assault weapons laws in California and elsewhere, a ruling that is designed to get the issue before a recently more conservative U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, the son of a judge, denounced Benitez as “a stone cold ideologue. He is a wholly owned subsidiary of the gun lobby of the National Rifle Association.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state already is appealing the same judge’s 2017 ruling against the state’s nearly two-decade-old ban on the sales and purchases of magazines holding more than 10 bullets, and his ruling last year blocking a 2019 California law requiring background checks for anyone buying ammunition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to call this federal judge out. He will continue to do damage, mark my word,” Newsom said. “This is a very focused agenda to work through this judge, where the decision’s already made before it’s even presented, who writes ‘press releases’ on behalf of the gun lobby.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gun owners’ rights groups have made no secret of their effort to get firearms restrictions before the nation’s high court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Firearms Policy Coalition, which led plaintiffs who won at the trial level, condemned the governor’s “outrageous and callous personal attacks” on the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Newsom’s verbal assaults on a long-respected member of the judiciary shows his deep and continuing disrespect for the rule of law, the judiciary, the Constitution, and the human rights of California citizens,” the group said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benitez was appointed by Republican President George W. Bush. Newsom, a Democrat, also assailed Republicans who don’t support gun restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A three-judge appeals court panel agreed with Benitez on his ammunition magazine ruling, but the decision is being reconsidered by a larger appellate panel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta filed the three-page notice of appeal and plans to ask the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for a stay so the current 32-year assault weapons ban will remain in effect throughout the appeals process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877597\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11877597\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48088_032_SanFrancisco_NewsomBontaPressConference_03242021-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta speaks during a press conference on March 24, 2021, with Gov. Gavin Newsom in the background. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Benitez ruled on Friday that the state’s definition of illegal military-style rifles violates the U.S. Constitution because it deprives law-abiding Californians of weapons commonly allowed in most other states. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the ruling, including Bonta and Newsom, were particularly upset with the judge’s comparison of assault weapons to a common tool: “Like the Swiss Army knife, the popular AR-15 rifle is a perfect combination of home defense weapon and homeland defense equipment. Good for both home and battle,” the judge wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pocket knives were not intended to kill as many people as possible,” said Mattie Scott, Brady California state president, whose 24-year-old son was killed with an assault weapon in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials announced their appeal at San Francisco General Hospital, a Level I Trauma Center, where trauma surgeon Dr. Andre Campbell vividly described the damage that can be done by a high-speed rifle round fired from an assault weapon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An AR-15 is a weapon of mass destruction … used in warfare,” Campbell said. It “causes absolute devastation to the human body. It is as if a bomb went off in the tissues of the patient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>California first banned specific brands of weapons in 1989 after a mass shooting at a Stockton elementary school killed five children and injured more than two dozen others. The state has updated the law several times since then and overall has some of the nation’s strictest firearms laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, “we have one of the lowest gun death rates in the entire country,” said Robyn Thomas, executive director of the Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Firearms Policy Coalition said it will oppose any stay of Benitez’s order. It had argued in part that assault weapons are no more deadly than some other weapons that are not banned by the state. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The State’s desire to continue imposing its ban should not be allowed to prevail over the fundamental rights of law-abiding gun owners,” the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom and Bonta are longtime supporters of what they term commonsense gun restrictions. The governor likely faces a recall election this fall largely driven by his handling of the coronavirus pandemic. Bonta took office in April to fill a vacancy and faces several more conservative challengers in next year’s election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their move was backed earlier by 10 Democratic state lawmakers who said the restrictions help control gun violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats who control the state Assembly on Thursday revived for future consideration a bill that would raise taxes on the sale of guns and ammunition. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill requires a two-thirds vote because it would raise taxes, and last week it failed to muster enough votes. It would impose a 10% tax on the sales price of handguns and an 11% tax on the sales price of rifles, precursor parts and ammunition, using the money for gun violence prevention and recovery programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Adam Beam of The Associated Press contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>“The badge that I wear — that all of my officers wear — carries a burden with it,” Stockton, California, Police Chief Eric Jones says. “And it does go back to slave patrols.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past five years, Jones has overseen a pilot truth and reconciliation effort, through which he’s seeking to acknowledge the racist history of policing in order to change the culture of the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I have a racist officer and I find out, I’m going to fire the officer,” the chief says. “What we’re talking about are these biases that are harder to put your finger on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say — and records read by \u003cem>On Our Watch \u003c/em>reporters show — that the internal affairs system is poorly equipped to hold officers accountable for racist policing unless it is overt and extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Episode four of \u003cem>On Our Watch\u003c/em> investigates the case of a plainclothes Stockton police officer who grabbed a Black 16-year-old, took him to the ground and punched him, knocking the teen’s two front teeth onto a convenience store floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He could’ve killed me,” Joseph Green told the department at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the police department’s internal investigation found that Officer Robert Johnson III used excessive force, he successfully appealed a five-day suspension with arguments that he confronted the 16-year-old in a “high drug, high gang neighborhood” that included “a crime ridden HUD housing development.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A jury in a civil case found the officer had falsely arrested Green and used excessive force in 2020. The jury awarded Green $710,000. Johnson and the city denied any wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That civil outcome didn’t affect Johnson’s job. He’s still on the force today, a recent recipient of an “officer of the year” award.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Follow \u003c/em>\u003cem>On Our Watch on \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x\">Spotify\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962\">Apple\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://one.npr.org/?sharedMediaId=998011488:998413542\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast app. \u003c/em>\u003cem> This podcast is produced as part of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cem>California Reporting Project\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a coalition of news organizations in California\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Perceived+Threat&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>“The badge that I wear — that all of my officers wear — carries a burden with it,” Stockton, California, Police Chief Eric Jones says. “And it does go back to slave patrols.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past five years, Jones has overseen a pilot truth and reconciliation effort, through which he’s seeking to acknowledge the racist history of policing in order to change the culture of the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I have a racist officer and I find out, I’m going to fire the officer,” the chief says. “What we’re talking about are these biases that are harder to put your finger on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say — and records read by \u003cem>On Our Watch \u003c/em>reporters show — that the internal affairs system is poorly equipped to hold officers accountable for racist policing unless it is overt and extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Episode four of \u003cem>On Our Watch\u003c/em> investigates the case of a plainclothes Stockton police officer who grabbed a Black 16-year-old, took him to the ground and punched him, knocking the teen’s two front teeth onto a convenience store floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He could’ve killed me,” Joseph Green told the department at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the police department’s internal investigation found that Officer Robert Johnson III used excessive force, he successfully appealed a five-day suspension with arguments that he confronted the 16-year-old in a “high drug, high gang neighborhood” that included “a crime ridden HUD housing development.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A jury in a civil case found the officer had falsely arrested Green and used excessive force in 2020. The jury awarded Green $710,000. Johnson and the city denied any wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That civil outcome didn’t affect Johnson’s job. He’s still on the force today, a recent recipient of an “officer of the year” award.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Follow \u003c/em>\u003cem>On Our Watch on \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x\">Spotify\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962\">Apple\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://one.npr.org/?sharedMediaId=998011488:998413542\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast app. \u003c/em>\u003cem> This podcast is produced as part of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cem>California Reporting Project\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a coalition of news organizations in California\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Perceived+Threat&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After the mass shooting at a Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority rail yard in San Jose two weeks ago, some politicians started talking about California’s “Red Flag” gun control law, which uses the power of restraining orders to take guns away from people a judge deems at risk of harming themselves or others. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many people aren’t even aware of the red flag law. And using it as a way to prevent gun violence of all kinds — including mass shootings, suicides and domestic violence — is much more complicated than it seems. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oddity_adhiti\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adhiti Bandlamudi\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, KQED Silicon Valley reporter \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Episode transcript \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3g0Qlrb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>. Subscribe to our newsletter \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfeiQTfCnzwvOkxyTf8kUNPHsaoishgMkbMpQ25W5UpHOn9bw/viewform\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC4892501952\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Follow \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Bay\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to hear more local Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Spotify\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stitcher\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, NPR One or via \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alexa\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After the mass shooting at a Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority rail yard in San Jose two weeks ago, some politicians started talking about California’s “Red Flag” gun control law, which uses the power of restraining orders to take guns away from people a judge deems at risk of harming themselves or others. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many people aren’t even aware of the red flag law. And using it as a way to prevent gun violence of all kinds — including mass shootings, suicides and domestic violence — is much more complicated than it seems. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oddity_adhiti\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adhiti Bandlamudi\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, KQED Silicon Valley reporter \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Episode transcript \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3g0Qlrb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>. Subscribe to our newsletter \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfeiQTfCnzwvOkxyTf8kUNPHsaoishgMkbMpQ25W5UpHOn9bw/viewform\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC4892501952\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Follow \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Bay\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to hear more local Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Spotify\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stitcher\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, NPR One or via \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alexa\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "In Absentia: Zero Latino Judges in These Majority-Latino California Counties",
"title": "In Absentia: Zero Latino Judges in These Majority-Latino California Counties",
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"content": "\u003cp>Outside the Colusa County Courthouse Annex, 21-year-old Lorenzo Acosta takes a few puffs from his vape cartridge to calm himself before walking into court to support a friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acosta acknowledges he’s been “in the system,” so he knows how it all works here. He knows the police, the public defenders, the judge who, he says, hands out extended lectures. But Acosta has never before realized one of the most glaring facts about the local bench of judges who help determine people’s punishments:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Colusa County, \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/colusacountycalifornia/PST045219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">where 60% of the population is Latino\u003c/a>, both of the Superior Court judges — who handle everything from disorderly conduct to murder trials — are white.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His eyes widen. “That’s crazy, for real? Deadass?” he asks. Then he slowly shakes his head. “Actually, thinking about it now, I’ve only seen white judges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coulsa is one of four \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/mercedcountycalifornia,maderacountycalifornia,kingscountycalifornia,colusacountycalifornia/RHI725219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">majority-Latino California counties\u003c/a> — along with Kings, Madera, and Merced — with no Latino judges in any superior courtrooms. Latino representation on the bench in three of those counties has not improved much since the state began collecting judicial diversity data 14 years ago. And the fourth, Kings — which had one Latino judge in 2007 — is back down to zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877169\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11877169\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01-800x567.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01-800x567.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01-1020x723.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01-160x113.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'Actually, thinking about it now, I’ve only seen white judges,' says Lorenzo Acosta. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t have expected it to be that bad,” said Lisa Pruitt, a law professor at the University of California, Davis who helped with the state’s research on attorney access in rural California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 13 other California counties, there’s a gap of 30 percentage points or more between the percentage of Latinos in the population and the percentage of Latino judges. The gaps tend to be greatest in the Central Valley, but also include counties such as Los Angeles, Monterey and San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, the focus on fairness and equity within the criminal justice system has been \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2019/08/californias-new-police-law-explained/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">on policing\u003c/a>, with far less scrutiny to the component of the justice system that wields vast power over attorneys, defendants and how cases are viewed by juries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judges “often set rules for how the courts across the state or across the county will decide certain cases or how they’ll treat parties before them,” said Douglas Keith, an attorney for the Brennan Center for Justice, a progressive think tank on law and policy. “Who sits on these benches can have a significant impact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2021/03/california-judges-diversity-gaps/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bench representation\u003c/a> is worse for Latinos than any other racial group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And such disparities can have effects that ripple through individual lives and entire communities. \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbarfoundation.org/uploads/cms/documents/weinberg_nielsen_-_examining_empathy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Research indicates\u003c/a> that racially diverse judges and women judges tend to assess certain cases differently, on average, from their white and male counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while roughly 60% of white and Asian-Americans felt \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/4_37pubtrust1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California county courts\u003c/a> were fair over half the time, only about 40% of Latinos felt the same, according to a study commissioned by the California Judicial Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 1050px;\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/6368028/embed?auto=1\" height=\"1050\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How has this situation persisted in some California counties? One clear factor is a lack of practicing Latino attorneys in the area — the pool from which judicial appointments are drawn. Others cite the appointments process itself — blaming a good ‘ole boy appointments system that, until recently, was shrouded in secrecy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, years of planning and programs aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2021/03/california-judges-diversity-gaps/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">diversifying the bench\u003c/a> have yielded exceptional results in some counties, decent results in others, and whites-only benches in a few.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are roughly 1,600 superior court judges throughout California. The State Bar, the Hispanic Bar Association and the California Association of Black Lawyers have sounded the alarm about a lack of \u003ca href=\"http://calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/caf/2006_Diversity-Pipeline-Report.pdf?ver=2017-05-19-133238-773\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">diversity on the bench\u003c/a> for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/13418.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state began releasing judicial diversity data\u003c/a> in 2007, the number of Latino trial court judges, statewide, \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/2021-JO-Demographic-Data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has nearly doubled\u003c/a>, going from 96 to 184. Although the percentage of white judges has dropped a bit, they still make up \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/2021-JO-Demographic-Data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 60% of all trial court judges in California\u003c/a>, as they did 14 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While adding people from different backgrounds and life experiences can lead to litigants feeling more trustful of the judicial system, it’s not the only reason diversity is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877228\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 240px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11877228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1024px-Sonia_Sotomayor_in_SCOTUS_robe.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1024px-Sonia_Sotomayor_in_SCOTUS_robe.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1024px-Sonia_Sotomayor_in_SCOTUS_robe-160x200.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor has noted the perspective a Latina justice might bring to the bench. \u003ccite>(Steve Petteway/Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than a decade since then-President Barack Obama named to the U.S. Supreme Court a New Yorker, Sonia Sotomayor, who had famously — and controversially — said at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2009/05/sotomayors_wise_latina_line_ma.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UC Berkeley symposium\u003c/a>: “I would hope that a wise Latina woman with the richness of her experiences would more often than not reach a better conclusion than a white male who hasn’t lived that life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several studies have attempted to tease out the \u003ca href=\"https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-polisci-051617-090650\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">link between a judge’s race or ethnicity and that judge’s rulings and sentencing behavior\u003c/a>. The reported results have been \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1532673X19867052?journalCode=aprb&\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mixed\u003c/a> — perhaps reflecting the interplay of a variety of factors that correlate to race and ethnicity, including political ideology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://politicalscience.yale.edu/people/allison-harris\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yale University professor Allison Harris’\u003c/a> research into Chicago’s Cook County found that having Black judges around made white judges more fair and led to sentencing equity for Black and white defendants. Among her conclusions: “increasing the number of judges who look like the majority of defendants could reduce those defendants’ likelihood of being imprisoned.”\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study published by the American Bar Foundation found that \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbarfoundation.org/uploads/cms/documents/weinberg_nielsen_-_examining_empathy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">having a diverse bench can also affect judicial outcomes\u003c/a>: Researchers discovered that white judges dismissed 61% of federal cases in which employees alleged workplace discrimination, while judges of color dismissed a dramatically lower 38%. White judges also were particularly more likely to dismiss cases involving minority plaintiffs than those involving white plaintiffs. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Felicia Espinosa, Advocacy Director For Root & Rebound\"]'It is ... intimidating. It is infuriating. It is not shocking.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to think of the law as kind of interchangeable and they just apply the law to the facts, but that’s not what all judges are doing,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.northwestern.edu/people/faculty/core/laura-beth-nielsen.html#:~:text=Professor%20Nielsen's%20research%20focuses%20on,race%2C%20gender%2C%20and%20class.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Northwestern University Law professor Laura Beth Nielsen,\u003c/a> who conducted the research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1691&context=facpub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cornell Law School study of implicit bias among trial court judges\u003c/a>, researchers presented several hypothetical cases and found that judges, like most people, have implicit biases that can affect their judgement. The study also found that judges can suppress those unconscious biases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What may be research fodder for academics is palpable for attorneys, plaintiffs and defendants when they walk into a courtroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is…intimidating. It is infuriating. It is not shocking,” said Felicia Espinosa, describing what it feels like to be the only Latina attorney in court. She works in Fresno, where she’s one of \u003ca href=\"https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/accessJustice/Attorney-Desert-Policy-Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">roughly 2,200 attorneys in the county\u003c/a> for a population of nearly 1 million, according to data from the California State Bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m both dealing with my own internal feelings and thinking about my client and how it impacts them,” said Espinosa, advocacy director for \u003ca href=\"https://www.rootandrebound.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roots and Rebound\u003c/a>, which offers legal aid for people who were once in jail or prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>Along the hour drive from Sacramento to Colusa, rows of nut trees and farmland line Lone Star Road leading into town. Dotted with rice fields, almond trees and small farmworker communities, this small county grows about \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofcolusa.org/DocumentCenter/View/12901/2019-Crop-Report?bidId=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$1 billion worth of food a year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The town’s square has the feel of an old Western town with a touch of the plantation. That’s not an exaggeration: The towering courthouse, built in 1861, reflects the county’s heritage from the “ANTE-BELLUM SOUTH AND STATES RIGHTS SYMPATHIES DURING THE CIVIL WAR,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://ohp.parks.ca.gov/ListedResources/Detail/890\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a plaque added to the building\u003c/a> in 1976. It stood in for a Deep South courthouse in the 1962 classic film “To Kill a Mockingbird.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every week hundreds of people file into the courthouse for traffic court, land titles and the like. A couple of blocks away, outfitted with metal detectors and x-ray machines, the Annex is where many criminal cases are heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877195\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11877195\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">American flags hang from many of the homes in Colusa. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From morning to afternoon in these COVID-affected days, dozens of mask-wearing litigants and their supporters wait in small wooden chairs, distanced by more chairs and plastic partitions, for their chance to address the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case by case, individuals rise to speak. Often their eyes dart around, looking for the court interpreter who dashes over to translate the legal jargon into Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Podría repetir la pregunta? No entiendo lo que quieres decir,” one defendant implores the judge through interpreter Juanita Ulloa — asking if a question could be repeated because he didn’t understand it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just beyond Ulloa, photos hang along the wall, marking a time in history when the bench was filled with white men. Things have changed a little since then. \u003ca href=\"https://www.appeal-democrat.com/first-woman-colusa-county-judge-sworn-in/article_1eb0f5bc-be15-5792-8b09-4650fcc6c625.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Colusa County welcomed its first woman judge in 2010\u003c/a>, an appointment by then-Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger. But the bench has not caught up to the county’s demographics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always noticed that there were always white judges, white lawyers,” said Jessica Lopez, 32, of Williams, at the Colusa Annex to fight what she termed “a few” pending cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>Of course it’s impossible to diversify the bench unless there are qualified Latino attorneys in these areas willing to trade in their briefcases for gavels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a state where Latinos make up 40% of the population — outnumbering all other groups — only 7% of \u003ca href=\"http://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/reports/State-Bar-Annual-Diversity-Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California’s practicing attorneys are Latino\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/f023fcff-fab2-49b8-a570-6442c8076847?src=embed\" title=\"Latino judges in the State Bar\" width=\"550\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond its metropolitan areas, \u003ca href=\"https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/accessJustice/Attorney-Desert-Policy-Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">large swaths of California have too few attorneys to represent their population size\u003c/a>. This has fueled attorney deserts where clients and attorneys have to travel miles and miles for meetings and court proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Bar Association data doesn’t break down the number of practicing attorneys in an area by race or ethnicity, making it impossible to pinpoint gaps where lawyers of color — and thus potential judges — are in short supply. Several Latino attorneys would not speak to CalMatters on-the-record because they’re only “a few of us,” said one Latino attorney who often appears in several different counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s obviously a problem,” said Pruitt, the UC Davis law professor. “It is probably related to the fact that there’s a deficit of attorneys and probably a deficit of Latinx attorneys in those areas. A lot of law students are just not interested in going and working in rural California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>It’s around noon when criminal defense attorney Roberto Marquez parks and heads inside a Colusa courtroom, positioning himself in the back and pacing back and forth between his client and the prosecutor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As soon as he finishes addressing the court on behalf of his client, Marquez grabs his things and heads out the door — on to his next stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, I’m in Colusa County, this morning I was in Yuba, and tomorrow, I’ll be who knows where,” Marquez explains later, his cell phone connection sputtering as he travels the rural roads to his next meeting. For more than 30 years, he has traveled as north as Butte County and as south as Sacramento County defending clients. He says he used to think about becoming a judge, but that now is a distant memory and he no longer feels a desire for judicial robes, having grown to love traveling a wide territory as a criminal defense attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also not convinced more Latino judges would affect his cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t need (judges) to be Hispanic, white, Brown, Black or whatever,” said Marquez. “I just need them to be smart and follow the law, and I feel like I practice in front of some smart, fair-minded judges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>Most Superior Court judges first get the job because the governor appoints them after a sitting judge retires. \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/California_Judicial_Branch.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The requirements:\u003c/a> have at least 10 years’ experience practicing law, and submit a formal application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"http://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/reports/JNE-Demographics-Report-2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">14% of state judicial candidates applicants were Latino\u003c/a>. Deciding to leave practicing for judging is a difficult decision that can take a decade’s worth of planning, and some worry about a lack of Latino attorneys to back-fill them if they become judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px;\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/6344486/embed?auto=1\" height=\"600\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, judicial applicants had to know someone who knew someone to pitch themselves to regional Judicial Selection Advisory Committees, all composed of local attorneys and judges. These committees, the conduit to the governor’s office, have the power to make or break a judicial appointment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee members were secret under former governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an obstacle course,” said Judge Juan Ulloa, a judge in Imperial County, who once applied for a judicial appointment. “It was very political, very secret. People were able to make anonymous comments.” [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Juan Ulloa, Imperial County Judge\"]'It was an obstacle course. It was very political, very secret.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However secretive the meetings were, comments about certain women applicants being “too difficult to work with” or applicants of color “not being hardworking and not seeking out challenging court assignments,” made their way around the judicial circles and often back to applicants, said retired Judge Brenda Harbin-Forte, who once spearheaded the state’s efforts to diversify the bench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was told, ‘This lawyer says that you’re not qualified because you’re biased against people with money and property holders’,” said Ulloa, who once worked as a legal aid attorney. It didn’t take long, he said, for him to get the message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in 2019, Gov. Gavin Newsom lifted the veil, sharing the names of the state committee members. It didn’t require new laws or executive orders, and for the first time, Californians could see who was helping select \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2019/06/26/in-historic-move-for-transparency-governor-newsom-opens-judicial-selection-advisory-committees-to-identify-next-generation-of-california-judges/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">appointed judges\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The people of our state have little insight on the process by which judges are chosen, it is only fair that the public knows who is helping to select the people who will serve them,” said Newsom, whose own father had been one of the judges appointed by then-Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newfound transparency, however, didn’t extend to local bar associations, several of which are contracted with the governor’s office to evaluate judicial candidates. Local bar associations are not required to disclose who is on their evaluation committees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877194\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11877194\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"The Burchfield primary school marquee written in Spanish and English informing parents to call the school office to make a kindergarten entrance exam appointment in Colusa.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Burchfield primary school marquee written in Spanish and English informing parents to call the school office to make a kindergarten entrance exam appointment in Colusa. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, judicial appointments eventually face elections once their terms expire. While California Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal justices serve 12-year terms, Superior Court terms are six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the overwhelming majority of state Superior Court judges are appointed, the state constitution also allows qualified attorneys to run against a Superior Court judge who’s up for election. Absent that rare challenge, Superior Court judges are unopposed and their names do not appear on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the four counties that have no Latino judges, former Democratic Gov. Brown appointed a total of seven judges during his second tenure. Just one was a person of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet statewide, Brown made greater strides, with \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190327212457/https://www.ca.gov/archive/gov39/2019/01/03/governor-brown-swears-in-justice-groban-to-california-supreme-court-releases-judicial-appointment-data/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">16% of his appointments being Latinos\u003c/a>. So far, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/03/01/governor-newsom-releases-2020-judicial-appointment-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">18% of Newsom’s judicial appointments\u003c/a> have gone to Latinos. 11% of former \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/partners/documents/gov-2010appdata.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger’s appointees were Latinos\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because challenges can happen, governors have to consider whether their appointees can withstand one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After being appointed by Brown in 2018, Judge Monique Langhorne, a Black woman, faced an opponent in last year’s election — the first challenge to a sitting Napa County judge in three decades. “I’d never run in an election. None of the sitting judges here had ever run in an election, and I didn’t know who I could lean on to learn what to do,” she told the Napa Valley Register. \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/monique-langhorne-wins-napa-county-s-first-election-for-judge-s-seat-since-1980s/article_6426a270-f15b-5a64-a191-fe0dec9eb699.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">She retained her judgeship\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However uncommon, judges become politicians when they face a challenge — seeking campaign donations and votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while a governor may make diversity a tenet for judicial appointments, local voters may have different priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As researchers and politicians iron out what diversity on the courts mean and how the state should get there, residents who appear before judges are often left shrugging their shoulders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s just the way it is. I’ve been in the court system since I was 16, and they’ve all been white,” said a 28-year-old Latino before he gets into his black pickup and drives away from the Colusa courthouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve only seen a Latino judge on TV.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Graphics by Liliana Michelena\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "While four mostly Latino counties lack any Latino Superior Court judges, another 13 counties have a more than 30 point gap between the percentage of Latinos in the population and on the bench. Here’s what that means.",
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"description": "While four mostly Latino counties lack any Latino Superior Court judges, another 13 counties have a more than 30 point gap between the percentage of Latinos in the population and on the bench. Here’s what that means.",
"title": "In Absentia: Zero Latino Judges in These Majority-Latino California Counties | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Outside the Colusa County Courthouse Annex, 21-year-old Lorenzo Acosta takes a few puffs from his vape cartridge to calm himself before walking into court to support a friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acosta acknowledges he’s been “in the system,” so he knows how it all works here. He knows the police, the public defenders, the judge who, he says, hands out extended lectures. But Acosta has never before realized one of the most glaring facts about the local bench of judges who help determine people’s punishments:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Colusa County, \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/colusacountycalifornia/PST045219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">where 60% of the population is Latino\u003c/a>, both of the Superior Court judges — who handle everything from disorderly conduct to murder trials — are white.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His eyes widen. “That’s crazy, for real? Deadass?” he asks. Then he slowly shakes his head. “Actually, thinking about it now, I’ve only seen white judges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coulsa is one of four \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/mercedcountycalifornia,maderacountycalifornia,kingscountycalifornia,colusacountycalifornia/RHI725219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">majority-Latino California counties\u003c/a> — along with Kings, Madera, and Merced — with no Latino judges in any superior courtrooms. Latino representation on the bench in three of those counties has not improved much since the state began collecting judicial diversity data 14 years ago. And the fourth, Kings — which had one Latino judge in 2007 — is back down to zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877169\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11877169\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01-800x567.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01-800x567.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01-1020x723.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01-160x113.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_01.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'Actually, thinking about it now, I’ve only seen white judges,' says Lorenzo Acosta. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t have expected it to be that bad,” said Lisa Pruitt, a law professor at the University of California, Davis who helped with the state’s research on attorney access in rural California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 13 other California counties, there’s a gap of 30 percentage points or more between the percentage of Latinos in the population and the percentage of Latino judges. The gaps tend to be greatest in the Central Valley, but also include counties such as Los Angeles, Monterey and San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, the focus on fairness and equity within the criminal justice system has been \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2019/08/californias-new-police-law-explained/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">on policing\u003c/a>, with far less scrutiny to the component of the justice system that wields vast power over attorneys, defendants and how cases are viewed by juries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judges “often set rules for how the courts across the state or across the county will decide certain cases or how they’ll treat parties before them,” said Douglas Keith, an attorney for the Brennan Center for Justice, a progressive think tank on law and policy. “Who sits on these benches can have a significant impact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2021/03/california-judges-diversity-gaps/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bench representation\u003c/a> is worse for Latinos than any other racial group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And such disparities can have effects that ripple through individual lives and entire communities. \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbarfoundation.org/uploads/cms/documents/weinberg_nielsen_-_examining_empathy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Research indicates\u003c/a> that racially diverse judges and women judges tend to assess certain cases differently, on average, from their white and male counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while roughly 60% of white and Asian-Americans felt \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/4_37pubtrust1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California county courts\u003c/a> were fair over half the time, only about 40% of Latinos felt the same, according to a study commissioned by the California Judicial Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 1050px;\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/6368028/embed?auto=1\" height=\"1050\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How has this situation persisted in some California counties? One clear factor is a lack of practicing Latino attorneys in the area — the pool from which judicial appointments are drawn. Others cite the appointments process itself — blaming a good ‘ole boy appointments system that, until recently, was shrouded in secrecy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, years of planning and programs aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2021/03/california-judges-diversity-gaps/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">diversifying the bench\u003c/a> have yielded exceptional results in some counties, decent results in others, and whites-only benches in a few.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are roughly 1,600 superior court judges throughout California. The State Bar, the Hispanic Bar Association and the California Association of Black Lawyers have sounded the alarm about a lack of \u003ca href=\"http://calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/caf/2006_Diversity-Pipeline-Report.pdf?ver=2017-05-19-133238-773\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">diversity on the bench\u003c/a> for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/13418.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state began releasing judicial diversity data\u003c/a> in 2007, the number of Latino trial court judges, statewide, \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/2021-JO-Demographic-Data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has nearly doubled\u003c/a>, going from 96 to 184. Although the percentage of white judges has dropped a bit, they still make up \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/2021-JO-Demographic-Data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 60% of all trial court judges in California\u003c/a>, as they did 14 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While adding people from different backgrounds and life experiences can lead to litigants feeling more trustful of the judicial system, it’s not the only reason diversity is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877228\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 240px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11877228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1024px-Sonia_Sotomayor_in_SCOTUS_robe.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1024px-Sonia_Sotomayor_in_SCOTUS_robe.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1024px-Sonia_Sotomayor_in_SCOTUS_robe-160x200.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor has noted the perspective a Latina justice might bring to the bench. \u003ccite>(Steve Petteway/Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than a decade since then-President Barack Obama named to the U.S. Supreme Court a New Yorker, Sonia Sotomayor, who had famously — and controversially — said at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2009/05/sotomayors_wise_latina_line_ma.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UC Berkeley symposium\u003c/a>: “I would hope that a wise Latina woman with the richness of her experiences would more often than not reach a better conclusion than a white male who hasn’t lived that life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several studies have attempted to tease out the \u003ca href=\"https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-polisci-051617-090650\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">link between a judge’s race or ethnicity and that judge’s rulings and sentencing behavior\u003c/a>. The reported results have been \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1532673X19867052?journalCode=aprb&\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mixed\u003c/a> — perhaps reflecting the interplay of a variety of factors that correlate to race and ethnicity, including political ideology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://politicalscience.yale.edu/people/allison-harris\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yale University professor Allison Harris’\u003c/a> research into Chicago’s Cook County found that having Black judges around made white judges more fair and led to sentencing equity for Black and white defendants. Among her conclusions: “increasing the number of judges who look like the majority of defendants could reduce those defendants’ likelihood of being imprisoned.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study published by the American Bar Foundation found that \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbarfoundation.org/uploads/cms/documents/weinberg_nielsen_-_examining_empathy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">having a diverse bench can also affect judicial outcomes\u003c/a>: Researchers discovered that white judges dismissed 61% of federal cases in which employees alleged workplace discrimination, while judges of color dismissed a dramatically lower 38%. White judges also were particularly more likely to dismiss cases involving minority plaintiffs than those involving white plaintiffs. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'It is ... intimidating. It is infuriating. It is not shocking.”",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to think of the law as kind of interchangeable and they just apply the law to the facts, but that’s not what all judges are doing,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.northwestern.edu/people/faculty/core/laura-beth-nielsen.html#:~:text=Professor%20Nielsen's%20research%20focuses%20on,race%2C%20gender%2C%20and%20class.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Northwestern University Law professor Laura Beth Nielsen,\u003c/a> who conducted the research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1691&context=facpub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cornell Law School study of implicit bias among trial court judges\u003c/a>, researchers presented several hypothetical cases and found that judges, like most people, have implicit biases that can affect their judgement. The study also found that judges can suppress those unconscious biases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What may be research fodder for academics is palpable for attorneys, plaintiffs and defendants when they walk into a courtroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is…intimidating. It is infuriating. It is not shocking,” said Felicia Espinosa, describing what it feels like to be the only Latina attorney in court. She works in Fresno, where she’s one of \u003ca href=\"https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/accessJustice/Attorney-Desert-Policy-Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">roughly 2,200 attorneys in the county\u003c/a> for a population of nearly 1 million, according to data from the California State Bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m both dealing with my own internal feelings and thinking about my client and how it impacts them,” said Espinosa, advocacy director for \u003ca href=\"https://www.rootandrebound.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roots and Rebound\u003c/a>, which offers legal aid for people who were once in jail or prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>Along the hour drive from Sacramento to Colusa, rows of nut trees and farmland line Lone Star Road leading into town. Dotted with rice fields, almond trees and small farmworker communities, this small county grows about \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofcolusa.org/DocumentCenter/View/12901/2019-Crop-Report?bidId=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$1 billion worth of food a year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The town’s square has the feel of an old Western town with a touch of the plantation. That’s not an exaggeration: The towering courthouse, built in 1861, reflects the county’s heritage from the “ANTE-BELLUM SOUTH AND STATES RIGHTS SYMPATHIES DURING THE CIVIL WAR,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://ohp.parks.ca.gov/ListedResources/Detail/890\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a plaque added to the building\u003c/a> in 1976. It stood in for a Deep South courthouse in the 1962 classic film “To Kill a Mockingbird.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every week hundreds of people file into the courthouse for traffic court, land titles and the like. A couple of blocks away, outfitted with metal detectors and x-ray machines, the Annex is where many criminal cases are heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877195\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11877195\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_08.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">American flags hang from many of the homes in Colusa. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From morning to afternoon in these COVID-affected days, dozens of mask-wearing litigants and their supporters wait in small wooden chairs, distanced by more chairs and plastic partitions, for their chance to address the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case by case, individuals rise to speak. Often their eyes dart around, looking for the court interpreter who dashes over to translate the legal jargon into Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Podría repetir la pregunta? No entiendo lo que quieres decir,” one defendant implores the judge through interpreter Juanita Ulloa — asking if a question could be repeated because he didn’t understand it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just beyond Ulloa, photos hang along the wall, marking a time in history when the bench was filled with white men. Things have changed a little since then. \u003ca href=\"https://www.appeal-democrat.com/first-woman-colusa-county-judge-sworn-in/article_1eb0f5bc-be15-5792-8b09-4650fcc6c625.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Colusa County welcomed its first woman judge in 2010\u003c/a>, an appointment by then-Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger. But the bench has not caught up to the county’s demographics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always noticed that there were always white judges, white lawyers,” said Jessica Lopez, 32, of Williams, at the Colusa Annex to fight what she termed “a few” pending cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>Of course it’s impossible to diversify the bench unless there are qualified Latino attorneys in these areas willing to trade in their briefcases for gavels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a state where Latinos make up 40% of the population — outnumbering all other groups — only 7% of \u003ca href=\"http://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/reports/State-Bar-Annual-Diversity-Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California’s practicing attorneys are Latino\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/f023fcff-fab2-49b8-a570-6442c8076847?src=embed\" title=\"Latino judges in the State Bar\" width=\"550\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond its metropolitan areas, \u003ca href=\"https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/accessJustice/Attorney-Desert-Policy-Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">large swaths of California have too few attorneys to represent their population size\u003c/a>. This has fueled attorney deserts where clients and attorneys have to travel miles and miles for meetings and court proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Bar Association data doesn’t break down the number of practicing attorneys in an area by race or ethnicity, making it impossible to pinpoint gaps where lawyers of color — and thus potential judges — are in short supply. Several Latino attorneys would not speak to CalMatters on-the-record because they’re only “a few of us,” said one Latino attorney who often appears in several different counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s obviously a problem,” said Pruitt, the UC Davis law professor. “It is probably related to the fact that there’s a deficit of attorneys and probably a deficit of Latinx attorneys in those areas. A lot of law students are just not interested in going and working in rural California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>It’s around noon when criminal defense attorney Roberto Marquez parks and heads inside a Colusa courtroom, positioning himself in the back and pacing back and forth between his client and the prosecutor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As soon as he finishes addressing the court on behalf of his client, Marquez grabs his things and heads out the door — on to his next stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, I’m in Colusa County, this morning I was in Yuba, and tomorrow, I’ll be who knows where,” Marquez explains later, his cell phone connection sputtering as he travels the rural roads to his next meeting. For more than 30 years, he has traveled as north as Butte County and as south as Sacramento County defending clients. He says he used to think about becoming a judge, but that now is a distant memory and he no longer feels a desire for judicial robes, having grown to love traveling a wide territory as a criminal defense attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also not convinced more Latino judges would affect his cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t need (judges) to be Hispanic, white, Brown, Black or whatever,” said Marquez. “I just need them to be smart and follow the law, and I feel like I practice in front of some smart, fair-minded judges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>Most Superior Court judges first get the job because the governor appoints them after a sitting judge retires. \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/California_Judicial_Branch.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The requirements:\u003c/a> have at least 10 years’ experience practicing law, and submit a formal application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"http://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/reports/JNE-Demographics-Report-2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">14% of state judicial candidates applicants were Latino\u003c/a>. Deciding to leave practicing for judging is a difficult decision that can take a decade’s worth of planning, and some worry about a lack of Latino attorneys to back-fill them if they become judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px;\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/6344486/embed?auto=1\" height=\"600\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, judicial applicants had to know someone who knew someone to pitch themselves to regional Judicial Selection Advisory Committees, all composed of local attorneys and judges. These committees, the conduit to the governor’s office, have the power to make or break a judicial appointment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee members were secret under former governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an obstacle course,” said Judge Juan Ulloa, a judge in Imperial County, who once applied for a judicial appointment. “It was very political, very secret. People were able to make anonymous comments.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However secretive the meetings were, comments about certain women applicants being “too difficult to work with” or applicants of color “not being hardworking and not seeking out challenging court assignments,” made their way around the judicial circles and often back to applicants, said retired Judge Brenda Harbin-Forte, who once spearheaded the state’s efforts to diversify the bench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was told, ‘This lawyer says that you’re not qualified because you’re biased against people with money and property holders’,” said Ulloa, who once worked as a legal aid attorney. It didn’t take long, he said, for him to get the message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in 2019, Gov. Gavin Newsom lifted the veil, sharing the names of the state committee members. It didn’t require new laws or executive orders, and for the first time, Californians could see who was helping select \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2019/06/26/in-historic-move-for-transparency-governor-newsom-opens-judicial-selection-advisory-committees-to-identify-next-generation-of-california-judges/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">appointed judges\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The people of our state have little insight on the process by which judges are chosen, it is only fair that the public knows who is helping to select the people who will serve them,” said Newsom, whose own father had been one of the judges appointed by then-Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newfound transparency, however, didn’t extend to local bar associations, several of which are contracted with the governor’s office to evaluate judicial candidates. Local bar associations are not required to disclose who is on their evaluation committees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11877194\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11877194\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"The Burchfield primary school marquee written in Spanish and English informing parents to call the school office to make a kindergarten entrance exam appointment in Colusa.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/052721_Colusa_AW_sized_16.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Burchfield primary school marquee written in Spanish and English informing parents to call the school office to make a kindergarten entrance exam appointment in Colusa. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, judicial appointments eventually face elections once their terms expire. While California Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal justices serve 12-year terms, Superior Court terms are six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the overwhelming majority of state Superior Court judges are appointed, the state constitution also allows qualified attorneys to run against a Superior Court judge who’s up for election. Absent that rare challenge, Superior Court judges are unopposed and their names do not appear on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the four counties that have no Latino judges, former Democratic Gov. Brown appointed a total of seven judges during his second tenure. Just one was a person of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet statewide, Brown made greater strides, with \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20190327212457/https://www.ca.gov/archive/gov39/2019/01/03/governor-brown-swears-in-justice-groban-to-california-supreme-court-releases-judicial-appointment-data/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">16% of his appointments being Latinos\u003c/a>. So far, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/03/01/governor-newsom-releases-2020-judicial-appointment-data/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">18% of Newsom’s judicial appointments\u003c/a> have gone to Latinos. 11% of former \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/partners/documents/gov-2010appdata.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger’s appointees were Latinos\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because challenges can happen, governors have to consider whether their appointees can withstand one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After being appointed by Brown in 2018, Judge Monique Langhorne, a Black woman, faced an opponent in last year’s election — the first challenge to a sitting Napa County judge in three decades. “I’d never run in an election. None of the sitting judges here had ever run in an election, and I didn’t know who I could lean on to learn what to do,” she told the Napa Valley Register. \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/monique-langhorne-wins-napa-county-s-first-election-for-judge-s-seat-since-1980s/article_6426a270-f15b-5a64-a191-fe0dec9eb699.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">She retained her judgeship\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However uncommon, judges become politicians when they face a challenge — seeking campaign donations and votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while a governor may make diversity a tenet for judicial appointments, local voters may have different priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As researchers and politicians iron out what diversity on the courts mean and how the state should get there, residents who appear before judges are often left shrugging their shoulders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s just the way it is. I’ve been in the court system since I was 16, and they’ve all been white,” said a 28-year-old Latino before he gets into his black pickup and drives away from the Colusa courthouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve only seen a Latino judge on TV.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Graphics by Liliana Michelena\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "After Judge Overturns State's Assault Weapon Ban, Moms March Against Gun Violence in Mountain View",
"title": "After Judge Overturns State's Assault Weapon Ban, Moms March Against Gun Violence in Mountain View",
"headTitle": "KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Roughly two dozen people wearing orange T-shirts marched in downtown Mountain View on Sunday to speak out against gun violence. The event, which organizers had been planning for months as part of \u003ca href=\"https://wearorange.org/\">Gun Violence Awareness Weekend\u003c/a>, happened to take place just two days after a San Diego federal judge \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-gun-politics-government-and-politics-3d72caa3b52667b2a450cae41a087468\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">overturned California's 32-year-old ban on assault weapons\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volunteers with the San Jose chapter of Moms Demand Action met at Mountain View City Hall before marching down Castro Street to the Mountain View Transit Center and back. Organizers said they wore orange to honor survivors and victims of gun violence and were also marching to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875667/well-heal-together-more-than-a-thousand-gather-in-san-jose-to-honor-the-victims-of-the-vta-shooting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">honor the victims of the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority light rail yard mass shooting\u003c/a> in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group carried large plastic bags filled with 2,700 handmade origami boxes, each box representing a life lost to gun violence, as part of a partnership with the \u003ca href=\"https://soulboxproject.org/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Soul Box Project\u003c/a>, started by an artist in Portland to raise awareness of the United States' gun violence epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don't really know who is a survivor of this epidemic,\" said event co-organizer Rachel Michelson to the assembled volunteers, kicking off the event. \"And I think there's much more of us walking around, maybe we don't even realize it ourselves, that are indeed impacted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/BayAreaJulie/status/1401582797232377856?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The soul boxes will be shipped to Portland next, and will eventually make their way to Washington, D.C., where they’ll be included in an exhibition of 200,000 other boxes on the National Mall this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Rachel Michelson, Moms Demand Action San Jose volunteer\"]'You don't really know who is a survivor of this [gun violence] epidemic. And I think there's much more of us walking around.'[/pullquote]“It's estimated that in a year time frame in California, we will have 3,000 gun violence deaths,” Michelson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelson said they did a similar event with soul boxes last year in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11765238/were-gonna-get-through-this-courageous-acts-amid-terror-at-the-gilroy-garlic-festival\">mass shooting at the Gilroy Garlic Festival\u003c/a>, which left four people dead, including the gunman, and injured 17 others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876993\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876993\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Volunteers with Moms Demand Action San Jose, each carrying 100 soul boxes, march down Castro Street to raise awareness of the ongoing toll of gun violence. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Moms Demand Action San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She added that they had been planning the Mountain View event for about six months, and they chose to march over to the transit hub because on Sundays there's usually a farmers market and they could get more eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the hub is also a Santa Clara Valley Transit Authority station — a fact difficult to ignore after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875404/official-multiple-people-killed-in-shooting-at-san-jose-vta-railyard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mass shooting\u003c/a> over a week ago that left \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875686/my-heart-is-broken-remembering-the-nine-victims-of-the-vta-shooting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nine VTA employees\u003c/a> dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It certainly is poignant,\" Michelson said. \"So sadly, I hate that there is that. And the universe worked out that way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11875667 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Image-from-iOS-29-1038x576.jpg']Erin Cizina, a volunteer with the group, said she used to take the VTA light rail up and down from central to northern San Jose before the pandemic forced her, like many others, to work from home. And she said her family and her neighbors heavily rely on public transportation to get around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VTA has suspended light rail and bus bridge service while it recovers from the shooting, showing one of the ripple effects a mass shooting can have on a community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes it extremely difficult for those people that are in between, who either don't have a vehicle or aren't yet able to drive,” Cizina said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cizina said changing gun regulations isn’t enough. “We need to actually change the culture,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Cizina and the other volunteers, showing support for those affected by the VTA shooting meant being vocal and standing up against gun violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the Bay Area, we have probably the best public transit in the state,\" Cizina said. \"And we've got to maintain that. We have to support them. And whenever possible, we have to utilize the services.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876992\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876992\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The almost 3,000 soul boxes volunteers carried as they marched through downtown Mountain View. Each box represent a life taken by gun violence. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Moms Demand Action San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the group walked through the farmers market, they caught the attention of William Brown, a subcontractor who works at the VTA light rail yard where the shooting took place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said before the shooting, he worked at the rail yard five days a week, in the building where the shooter took his own life. He said he didn’t know any of the victims personally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he supports red flag gun laws and more extensive background checks. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't think people should have 25,000 rounds of ammunition, especially with guns that can kill a lot of people really quickly,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=news_11875686,news_11875490,news_11875667]Brown said he was surprised by Friday’s overturning of California's assault weapons ban, especially as the economy reopens and people start going out more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People who have access to guns and shouldn't are probably going to take advantage of that,\" he said. \"And it's like a fact of America at this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Brown was glad to see people marching to bring attention to gun violence, he said the issue needs to be addressed more broadly — at the national level, not just state or local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>March organizer Michelson agreed, and said that even though California has stricter gun laws, looser restrictions in other states make them less effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The amazing thing about living in the United States is that our borders are open,\" Michelson said. \"So while California obviously does have some of the strictest gun laws on the books, it starts to become meaningless if it's not across our country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The march against gun violence, which had been planned for months, took place just two days after a federal judge overturned California's 32-year-old assault weapons ban.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Roughly two dozen people wearing orange T-shirts marched in downtown Mountain View on Sunday to speak out against gun violence. The event, which organizers had been planning for months as part of \u003ca href=\"https://wearorange.org/\">Gun Violence Awareness Weekend\u003c/a>, happened to take place just two days after a San Diego federal judge \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-gun-politics-government-and-politics-3d72caa3b52667b2a450cae41a087468\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">overturned California's 32-year-old ban on assault weapons\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volunteers with the San Jose chapter of Moms Demand Action met at Mountain View City Hall before marching down Castro Street to the Mountain View Transit Center and back. Organizers said they wore orange to honor survivors and victims of gun violence and were also marching to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875667/well-heal-together-more-than-a-thousand-gather-in-san-jose-to-honor-the-victims-of-the-vta-shooting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">honor the victims of the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority light rail yard mass shooting\u003c/a> in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group carried large plastic bags filled with 2,700 handmade origami boxes, each box representing a life lost to gun violence, as part of a partnership with the \u003ca href=\"https://soulboxproject.org/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Soul Box Project\u003c/a>, started by an artist in Portland to raise awareness of the United States' gun violence epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don't really know who is a survivor of this epidemic,\" said event co-organizer Rachel Michelson to the assembled volunteers, kicking off the event. \"And I think there's much more of us walking around, maybe we don't even realize it ourselves, that are indeed impacted.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The soul boxes will be shipped to Portland next, and will eventually make their way to Washington, D.C., where they’ll be included in an exhibition of 200,000 other boxes on the National Mall this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It's estimated that in a year time frame in California, we will have 3,000 gun violence deaths,” Michelson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelson said they did a similar event with soul boxes last year in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11765238/were-gonna-get-through-this-courageous-acts-amid-terror-at-the-gilroy-garlic-festival\">mass shooting at the Gilroy Garlic Festival\u003c/a>, which left four people dead, including the gunman, and injured 17 others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876993\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876993\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-2.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Volunteers with Moms Demand Action San Jose, each carrying 100 soul boxes, march down Castro Street to raise awareness of the ongoing toll of gun violence. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Moms Demand Action San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She added that they had been planning the Mountain View event for about six months, and they chose to march over to the transit hub because on Sundays there's usually a farmers market and they could get more eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the hub is also a Santa Clara Valley Transit Authority station — a fact difficult to ignore after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875404/official-multiple-people-killed-in-shooting-at-san-jose-vta-railyard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mass shooting\u003c/a> over a week ago that left \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875686/my-heart-is-broken-remembering-the-nine-victims-of-the-vta-shooting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nine VTA employees\u003c/a> dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It certainly is poignant,\" Michelson said. \"So sadly, I hate that there is that. And the universe worked out that way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Erin Cizina, a volunteer with the group, said she used to take the VTA light rail up and down from central to northern San Jose before the pandemic forced her, like many others, to work from home. And she said her family and her neighbors heavily rely on public transportation to get around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VTA has suspended light rail and bus bridge service while it recovers from the shooting, showing one of the ripple effects a mass shooting can have on a community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes it extremely difficult for those people that are in between, who either don't have a vehicle or aren't yet able to drive,” Cizina said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cizina said changing gun regulations isn’t enough. “We need to actually change the culture,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Cizina and the other volunteers, showing support for those affected by the VTA shooting meant being vocal and standing up against gun violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the Bay Area, we have probably the best public transit in the state,\" Cizina said. \"And we've got to maintain that. We have to support them. And whenever possible, we have to utilize the services.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876992\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876992\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Moms-Demand-Action-MV-1.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The almost 3,000 soul boxes volunteers carried as they marched through downtown Mountain View. Each box represent a life taken by gun violence. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Moms Demand Action San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the group walked through the farmers market, they caught the attention of William Brown, a subcontractor who works at the VTA light rail yard where the shooting took place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said before the shooting, he worked at the rail yard five days a week, in the building where the shooter took his own life. He said he didn’t know any of the victims personally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he supports red flag gun laws and more extensive background checks. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't think people should have 25,000 rounds of ammunition, especially with guns that can kill a lot of people really quickly,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Brown said he was surprised by Friday’s overturning of California's assault weapons ban, especially as the economy reopens and people start going out more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People who have access to guns and shouldn't are probably going to take advantage of that,\" he said. \"And it's like a fact of America at this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Brown was glad to see people marching to bring attention to gun violence, he said the issue needs to be addressed more broadly — at the national level, not just state or local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>March organizer Michelson agreed, and said that even though California has stricter gun laws, looser restrictions in other states make them less effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The amazing thing about living in the United States is that our borders are open,\" Michelson said. \"So while California obviously does have some of the strictest gun laws on the books, it starts to become meaningless if it's not across our country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Banning the Ban",
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"headTitle": "Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11876950\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final.png\" alt='A Mark Fiore cartoon showing an assault weapon that looks like a Swiss Army Knife, with the various \"blades\" labeled \"Sandy Hook,\" \"Poway,\" \"San Bernardino\" and sites of other mass shootings involving AR-15 style weapons.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1438\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final-800x599.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final-1020x764.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final-160x120.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final-1536x1150.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a decision that mirrors many pro-gun rights arguments, a federal judge \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorecaawb\">overturned California's assault weapons ban\u003c/a> that has been in effect for over 30 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While you were probably just beginning your weekend on Friday, District Judge Roger Benitez \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Decision%20--%20Miller%2020210604.pdf\">issued a decision\u003c/a> that reads like a pro-gun lobbying screed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benitez's \"Swiss Army Knife\" reference was the first line of his decision, but he later touts how the \"AR-15 is light in weight, and has good ergonomics, and is suitable for people of all statures and varying levels of strength.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh, and the gun-loving judge points out how the AR-15 is a \u003cem>perfect\u003c/em> tool for your militia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assault weapon manufacturers couldn't have written a better decision themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immediately following the court's announcement of course, California Attorney General Rob Bonta vowed to appeal the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/RobBonta/status/1401040188382404610\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking at our newly Trumpian highest court in the land, I don't hold out much hope for things going Bonta's way in the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11876950\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final.png\" alt='A Mark Fiore cartoon showing an assault weapon that looks like a Swiss Army Knife, with the various \"blades\" labeled \"Sandy Hook,\" \"Poway,\" \"San Bernardino\" and sites of other mass shootings involving AR-15 style weapons.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1438\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final-800x599.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final-1020x764.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final-160x120.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/swissarmy_060721_final-1536x1150.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a decision that mirrors many pro-gun rights arguments, a federal judge \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorecaawb\">overturned California's assault weapons ban\u003c/a> that has been in effect for over 30 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While you were probably just beginning your weekend on Friday, District Judge Roger Benitez \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Decision%20--%20Miller%2020210604.pdf\">issued a decision\u003c/a> that reads like a pro-gun lobbying screed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benitez's \"Swiss Army Knife\" reference was the first line of his decision, but he later touts how the \"AR-15 is light in weight, and has good ergonomics, and is suitable for people of all statures and varying levels of strength.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh, and the gun-loving judge points out how the AR-15 is a \u003cem>perfect\u003c/em> tool for your militia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assault weapon manufacturers couldn't have written a better decision themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immediately following the court's announcement of course, California Attorney General Rob Bonta vowed to appeal the decision.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11876697\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final.png\" alt=\"A Mark Fiore cartoon about state Sen. Scott Wiener's bill that would decriminalize psychedelics. The cartoon shows the caterpillar from Alice in Wonderland atop a mushroom labeled "SB 519" as Wiener says, "any way you can make yourself look more like a medical professional?"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1392\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final-800x580.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final-1020x740.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final-160x116.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final-1536x1114.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California moved closer to \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorepsychedelics\">decriminalizing psychedelics\u003c/a> after the state Senate approved San Francisco Sen. Scott Wiener’s SB 519 earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener and other proponents of the bill have emphasized the mental health benefits of psychedelics in treating everything from post-traumatic stress disorder to “end-of-life anxiety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sounds like there is plenty of evidence that psychedelics do in fact help people with certain psychological disorders, but it may still be a tough sell given the reputation of substances like LSD, mushrooms and ecstasy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11876697\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final.png\" alt=\"A Mark Fiore cartoon about state Sen. Scott Wiener's bill that would decriminalize psychedelics. The cartoon shows the caterpillar from Alice in Wonderland atop a mushroom labeled "SB 519" as Wiener says, "any way you can make yourself look more like a medical professional?"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1392\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final-800x580.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final-1020x740.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final-160x116.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/psychedelic_060421_final-1536x1114.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California moved closer to \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorepsychedelics\">decriminalizing psychedelics\u003c/a> after the state Senate approved San Francisco Sen. Scott Wiener’s SB 519 earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener and other proponents of the bill have emphasized the mental health benefits of psychedelics in treating everything from post-traumatic stress disorder to “end-of-life anxiety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sounds like there is plenty of evidence that psychedelics do in fact help people with certain psychological disorders, but it may still be a tough sell given the reputation of substances like LSD, mushrooms and ecstasy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When most schools across California shut down last year, teenagers were stuck at home. For many of them, that meant months alone to reflect on experiences of trauma in high school. But they didn’t all keep that pain to themselves. Instead, young people created dozens of Instagram accounts for students and alums to share their stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linh is one of those students. We’re only using her middle name to protect her privacy. She’s a senior at Mira Mesa High School in San Diego County, and she runs an Instagram account called @metooinsd where students and alums anonymously share experiences of harassment and assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/CPEC75-j731/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said part of what motivated her to run the account is her own experience as a survivor. She said she was sexually assaulted by an ex-boyfriend, but didn’t recognize how damaging the relationship was until after it was over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was gaslighted to the point where I thought, ‘He loves me’ or whatever, which obviously is not true,” she said. “But when you’re in it like that, it feels like it is true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Linh, Mira Mesa High School senior\"]‘If I stop, that’s letting them win, and I refuse to do that.’[/pullquote]Linh said she still had to see him in band even after he was reported. The ex-boyfriend denied the allegations, and said he was never disciplined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were times where, you know, there was a concert and I walk into the storage room. He’s right there and I just left,” she said. “I couldn’t be there. I still had to see him, in the hallways, in the library, I still had to see him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The account she runs has helped Linh heal, and feel less alone. She said she’s gotten threats for running the account, but it’s too important to stop now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I stop, that’s letting them win, and I refuse to do that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11859164' label='Related Coverage']In an email, Maureen Magee, spokesperson with the San Diego Unified School District, said the district has made police aware of the account, and that allegations made anonymously are difficult to investigate. Magee said the district has also worked with student leaders to get the word out about how to recognize and report abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are dozens of accounts like the San Diego Instagram page throughout California, including one for students in the affluent Silicon Valley town of Los Gatos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A senior there, Natalie Brooks, made a film about the #MeToo movement happening at her school, and the backlash students faced for speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/CJjVlz7pX90/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“LG is idyllic, perfect teens in perfect clothes from perfect families. And don’t forget the money. But like most seemingly perfect things, you can’t see the cracks . . . yet,” the film begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A post by one 15-year-old student, Mia Lozoya, inspired others to share their stories, and eventually set up their own \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/metoo.losgatos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Instagram account\u003c/a>. Since then, more than 100 students and alums have posted their experiences with harassment and assault on the account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But student organizers say there was still a lot of pushback in response to the attention they were bringing to the football team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876387\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876387\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-1020x768.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-1536x1157.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen.jpg 1700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mia Lozoya ignited a movement at Los Gatos High School when she shared her experience with sexual assault on Instagram. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of R. Hansen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Los Gatos alum, Abbi Berry, saw the post from Lozoya, and wrote an email describing how the culture of the football team allowed players to continue to abuse young women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And my mom didn’t want me to send it. She was like, you could get in trouble or you could get this backlash. And I remember literally being like, I don’t care, this is an issue,” she said. “And I was so angry. I was just so — I was just livid. I was enraged.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sent the email to all Los Gatos High School staff, and wrote that the entire community was complicit in these issues. She signed it as a survivor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876388\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876388\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students and alums rallied over sexual assault at the Los Gatos High School football field July 2020. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of A. Panu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One teacher and football coach hit “reply all,” and responded. He wrote: “Wrong. If this young lady has had something bad happen to her in the past, she should take it up with the individual who is responsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berry said that confirmed her biggest fear that people would invalidate her statement because she had signed the email as a survivor. She was disappointed to see teachers taking sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teacher did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]Berry is worried about the students who’ve faced backlash and lost friends for speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just really scared for them,” she said, “I know how much reputation counts in high school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Megan Farrell is the Los Gatos-Saratoga Union High School District’s Title IX coordinator, and she handles sexual misconduct claims. She said there are many reasons young people are reluctant to turn to their schools to report abuse. They might not be ready to tell their parents, or want to talk to police, who schools have an obligation to tell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no Title IX complaints filed against students in the district in the 2019-2020 school year, and only two this school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876389\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876389\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Crowd-Gives-Mia-Lozoya-Standing-Ovation-Courtesy-A.-Panu-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Crowd-Gives-Mia-Lozoya-Standing-Ovation-Courtesy-A.-Panu-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Crowd-Gives-Mia-Lozoya-Standing-Ovation-Courtesy-A.-Panu-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Crowd-Gives-Mia-Lozoya-Standing-Ovation-Courtesy-A.-Panu.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A crowd applauds Mia Lozoya during a rally at the Los Gatos High School field July 2020. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of A. Panu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farrell said the district set up an anonymous tip line in response to the anonymous Instagram account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11801840,news_11754307,news_11643771\" label=\"More on the #MeToo movement\"]“So that students would have another outlet to reach out and provide any kind of information that they needed to provide to us. And anonymous reports are difficult to investigate,” she said. “But if we have some information, at least we can go down the road and start looking into a matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district had also launched an inquiry into whether the district has a culture that allows abuse to continue, and hired a consultant focused on restorative justice to give community members impacted by these issues a chance to talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abbi Berry, the Los Gatos alum, said she knows real change will take a long time and a lot of persistence. And she said if nothing else, the online movement has at least started a conversation in way that wasn’t happening before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Regardless of whether we may not have been able to change policies, or moved mountains for the school, we got the town talking about it,” she said. “We definitely shocked the town, and I think it’ll change, even a little bit, for the better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over in Mira Mesa, Linh is still running the San Diego account. Her mom said she’s proud of how much she’s seen her daughter grow. We’re not using her name to protect her daughter’s identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Abbi Berry, Los Gatos High School alum\"]‘We definitely shocked the town, and I think it’ll change, even a little bit, for the better.’[/pullquote]“I really am grateful that she found the strength to help other people. In middle school and high school, she retreated a bit, but in our household she’s always had a voice. And I think she’s finding it again,” her mom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linh is encouraging others at her school to start a club to address sexual assault on campus. The students leading these efforts hope the support networks they’ve built online can find a way to continue in person when more students return to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This reporting was supported by the USC Annenberg \u003ca href=\"https://centerforhealthjournalism.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center for Health Journalism\u003c/a> Impact Fund.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When most schools across California shut down last year, teenagers were stuck at home. For many of them, that meant months alone to reflect on experiences of trauma in high school. But they didn’t all keep that pain to themselves. Instead, young people created dozens of Instagram accounts for students and alums to share their stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linh is one of those students. We’re only using her middle name to protect her privacy. She’s a senior at Mira Mesa High School in San Diego County, and she runs an Instagram account called @metooinsd where students and alums anonymously share experiences of harassment and assault.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>She said part of what motivated her to run the account is her own experience as a survivor. She said she was sexually assaulted by an ex-boyfriend, but didn’t recognize how damaging the relationship was until after it was over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was gaslighted to the point where I thought, ‘He loves me’ or whatever, which obviously is not true,” she said. “But when you’re in it like that, it feels like it is true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Linh said she still had to see him in band even after he was reported. The ex-boyfriend denied the allegations, and said he was never disciplined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were times where, you know, there was a concert and I walk into the storage room. He’s right there and I just left,” she said. “I couldn’t be there. I still had to see him, in the hallways, in the library, I still had to see him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The account she runs has helped Linh heal, and feel less alone. She said she’s gotten threats for running the account, but it’s too important to stop now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I stop, that’s letting them win, and I refuse to do that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In an email, Maureen Magee, spokesperson with the San Diego Unified School District, said the district has made police aware of the account, and that allegations made anonymously are difficult to investigate. Magee said the district has also worked with student leaders to get the word out about how to recognize and report abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are dozens of accounts like the San Diego Instagram page throughout California, including one for students in the affluent Silicon Valley town of Los Gatos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A senior there, Natalie Brooks, made a film about the #MeToo movement happening at her school, and the backlash students faced for speaking out.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>“LG is idyllic, perfect teens in perfect clothes from perfect families. And don’t forget the money. But like most seemingly perfect things, you can’t see the cracks . . . yet,” the film begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A post by one 15-year-old student, Mia Lozoya, inspired others to share their stories, and eventually set up their own \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/metoo.losgatos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Instagram account\u003c/a>. Since then, more than 100 students and alums have posted their experiences with harassment and assault on the account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But student organizers say there was still a lot of pushback in response to the attention they were bringing to the football team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876387\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876387\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-1020x768.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen-1536x1157.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Mia-Lozoya-@-LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-R.-Hansen.jpg 1700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mia Lozoya ignited a movement at Los Gatos High School when she shared her experience with sexual assault on Instagram. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of R. Hansen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Los Gatos alum, Abbi Berry, saw the post from Lozoya, and wrote an email describing how the culture of the football team allowed players to continue to abuse young women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And my mom didn’t want me to send it. She was like, you could get in trouble or you could get this backlash. And I remember literally being like, I don’t care, this is an issue,” she said. “And I was so angry. I was just so — I was just livid. I was enraged.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sent the email to all Los Gatos High School staff, and wrote that the entire community was complicit in these issues. She signed it as a survivor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876388\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876388\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/LGHS-Rally-Courtesy-A.-Panu.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students and alums rallied over sexual assault at the Los Gatos High School football field July 2020. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of A. Panu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One teacher and football coach hit “reply all,” and responded. He wrote: “Wrong. If this young lady has had something bad happen to her in the past, she should take it up with the individual who is responsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berry said that confirmed her biggest fear that people would invalidate her statement because she had signed the email as a survivor. She was disappointed to see teachers taking sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teacher did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Berry is worried about the students who’ve faced backlash and lost friends for speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just really scared for them,” she said, “I know how much reputation counts in high school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Megan Farrell is the Los Gatos-Saratoga Union High School District’s Title IX coordinator, and she handles sexual misconduct claims. She said there are many reasons young people are reluctant to turn to their schools to report abuse. They might not be ready to tell their parents, or want to talk to police, who schools have an obligation to tell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no Title IX complaints filed against students in the district in the 2019-2020 school year, and only two this school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876389\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11876389\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Crowd-Gives-Mia-Lozoya-Standing-Ovation-Courtesy-A.-Panu-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Crowd-Gives-Mia-Lozoya-Standing-Ovation-Courtesy-A.-Panu-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Crowd-Gives-Mia-Lozoya-Standing-Ovation-Courtesy-A.-Panu-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Crowd-Gives-Mia-Lozoya-Standing-Ovation-Courtesy-A.-Panu.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A crowd applauds Mia Lozoya during a rally at the Los Gatos High School field July 2020. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of A. Panu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farrell said the district set up an anonymous tip line in response to the anonymous Instagram account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“So that students would have another outlet to reach out and provide any kind of information that they needed to provide to us. And anonymous reports are difficult to investigate,” she said. “But if we have some information, at least we can go down the road and start looking into a matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district had also launched an inquiry into whether the district has a culture that allows abuse to continue, and hired a consultant focused on restorative justice to give community members impacted by these issues a chance to talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abbi Berry, the Los Gatos alum, said she knows real change will take a long time and a lot of persistence. And she said if nothing else, the online movement has at least started a conversation in way that wasn’t happening before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Regardless of whether we may not have been able to change policies, or moved mountains for the school, we got the town talking about it,” she said. “We definitely shocked the town, and I think it’ll change, even a little bit, for the better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over in Mira Mesa, Linh is still running the San Diego account. Her mom said she’s proud of how much she’s seen her daughter grow. We’re not using her name to protect her daughter’s identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I really am grateful that she found the strength to help other people. In middle school and high school, she retreated a bit, but in our household she’s always had a voice. And I think she’s finding it again,” her mom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linh is encouraging others at her school to start a club to address sexual assault on campus. The students leading these efforts hope the support networks they’ve built online can find a way to continue in person when more students return to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This reporting was supported by the USC Annenberg \u003ca href=\"https://centerforhealthjournalism.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center for Health Journalism\u003c/a> Impact Fund.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On Sunday, September 14, 2014 at about 4:20 a.m., Rick and Julie Perez got a knock at the door. A Richmond, Calif. detective and an inspector with the Contra Costa County District Attorney’s Office wanted to ask them questions about their 24-year-old son Pedie Perez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know how to say this,” the inspector said almost 12 minutes into the conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You guys shot him?” Rick Perez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And he’s not alive?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes, he’s not alive,” the inspector answered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After his son died, Perez met other families whose loved ones were killed by law enforcement. And so many of them told him they had the same issue: they couldn’t get access to all the details surrounding their loved one’s deaths. That information was sealed by state law protecting the privacy of police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of this unofficial “club,” Perez starts advocating for police transparency and accountability, pushing for the passage of California’s “Right to Know Act,” which promised access to records on shootings by police officers. He then went to court to defend the law’s access against a legal challenge brought by Richmond’s police union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In episode three of \u003cem>On Our Watch\u003c/em>, we examine the records that were unsealed by this transparency law to piece together what exactly happened on September 14, 2014 when Pedie Perez was shot and killed outside a liquor store by a Richmond police officer, Wallace Jensen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jensen is retired now, and he agreed to a rare interview about the shooting. He said he doesn’t second guess his decision to shoot Pedie Perez that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I made a decision and I stand by it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jensen said it was Perez who made the choice to not comply with a police officer’s commands, physically resisted and who he said went for his gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we also probe what makes a police shooting legal in the U.S., and how it often comes down to what was in the officer’s mind when they pulled the trigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a standard that family members like Rick Perez find incredibly frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing’s going to bring my son back, but it’s unreal that society keeps allowing these police officers to get away with the same thing over and over again,” Perez says. “I don’t want anyone else to feel this pain that I feel. Even the police officer, I don’t wish this upon him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Follow \u003c/em>\u003cem>On Our Watch on \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x\">Spotify\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962\">Apple\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://one.npr.org/?sharedMediaId=998011488:998413542\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast app. \u003c/em>\u003cem> This podcast is produced as part of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cem>California Reporting Project\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a coalition of news organizations in California\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=20-20+Hindsight&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jensen is retired now, and he agreed to a rare interview about the shooting. He said he doesn’t second guess his decision to shoot Pedie Perez that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I made a decision and I stand by it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jensen said it was Perez who made the choice to not comply with a police officer’s commands, physically resisted and who he said went for his gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we also probe what makes a police shooting legal in the U.S., and how it often comes down to what was in the officer’s mind when they pulled the trigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a standard that family members like Rick Perez find incredibly frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing’s going to bring my son back, but it’s unreal that society keeps allowing these police officers to get away with the same thing over and over again,” Perez says. “I don’t want anyone else to feel this pain that I feel. Even the police officer, I don’t wish this upon him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Follow \u003c/em>\u003cem>On Our Watch on \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x\">Spotify\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962\">Apple\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://one.npr.org/?sharedMediaId=998011488:998413542\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast app. \u003c/em>\u003cem> This podcast is produced as part of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cem>California Reporting Project\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a coalition of news organizations in California\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=20-20+Hindsight&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A first-in-the-country state task force to study reparations for Black Californians launched its inaugural meeting Tuesday. The task force is charged with outlining slavery’s modern-day impacts on Black people, eliminating discriminatory laws and crafting a state apology for past wrongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Never has any state government in 400 years of American history embarked on such an expansive effort of truth and reconciliation around the institution of slavery and its present-day effects,” California Attorney General Rob Bonta said in his opening remarks. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Shirley Weber, California secretary of state\"]‘We cannot separate the things that people are crying for in the streets in terms of justice, and what has happened in the past. Your task is to determine the depth of the harm and the ways in which we are to repair that harm.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight of the nine task force members are Black and one is Japanese American. The members, appointed by Gov. Gavin Newsom and leaders of the Legislature, include the descendants of slaves who are now lawyers, academics and politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m so thankful to my ancestors who survived so much trauma so that I could thrive,” said Los Angeles trial attorney Lisa Holder, one of the members. “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors, and I am ready to deliver them justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holder has spent 20 years as a civil rights litigator focusing on police misconduct and has also worked on workplace discrimination cases, as well as education equity and efforts to dismantle the school-to-prison pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There can be no reconciliation on race in America without truth, there can be no peace with respect to race in America without justice, and reparations is a critical pathway to authentic reconciliation and lasting peace,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force has the power to hold hearings and request witness testimony to help the group develop suggestions for correcting past wrongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secretary of State Shirley Weber, who as a state assemblymember authored the legislation creating the task force, noted the solemnity of the occasion as well as the opportunity to right historic wrongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cannot separate the things that people are crying for in the streets in terms of justice, and what has happened in the past,” Weber said. “Your task is to determine the depth of the harm and the ways in which we are to repair that harm.” [aside postID=news_11840465]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics have said that California did not have slaves and should not have to study reparations. But Weber said the state is an economic powerhouse that can point the way for a federal government that has been unable to address the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force will craft an apology and identify policies that contribute to ongoing racial disparities in education, the criminal justice system, generational wealth and other areas. Black people make up just 6% of California’s population yet constitute an overwhelming percentage of people in prison, the economically marginalized and those who are unhoused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have lost more than we have ever taken from this country. We have given more than has ever been given to us,” said state Sen. Steven Bradford, D-Gardena, who is on the committee.[aside tag=\"reparations, racism\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta said at the beginning of the day’s meeting, “Although the horrors of slavery may have begun in the past, its harms are felt every single day by Black Americans in the present.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta also brought up California as a leader in the nation, but said the state has still moved too slowly on issues of race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California continues to lead the nation. But as a nation, we have moved far too slowly,” Bonta said, pointing out how the first convening comes just after the 100th anniversary of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1001433852/the-tulsa-race-massacre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tulsa Race Massacre\u003c/a>, an event that he said was hidden from our collective consciousness by “our inability to confront the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As established in the bill, the task force will have 10 meetings in the next two years and each one will be dedicated to a different subtopic. The next meeting will take place in August 2021 and will focus on the roots of systemic racism, institution of slavery, political participation and racial terror. The third meeting is planned for October and will tackle government segregation in housing, education and environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force sunsets July 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta said at the beginning of the day’s meeting, “Although the horrors of slavery may have begun in the past, its harms are felt every single day by Black Americans in the present.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta also brought up California as a leader in the nation, but said the state has still moved too slowly on issues of race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California continues to lead the nation. But as a nation, we have moved far too slowly,” Bonta said, pointing out how the first convening comes just after the 100th anniversary of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1001433852/the-tulsa-race-massacre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tulsa Race Massacre\u003c/a>, an event that he said was hidden from our collective consciousness by “our inability to confront the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As established in the bill, the task force will have 10 meetings in the next two years and each one will be dedicated to a different subtopic. The next meeting will take place in August 2021 and will focus on the roots of systemic racism, institution of slavery, political participation and racial terror. The third meeting is planned for October and will tackle government segregation in housing, education and environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force sunsets July 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/exhibitc_060121_finalA.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11876185\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/exhibitc_060121_finalA.png\" alt='A Mark Fiore cartoon showing \"exhibit A,\" inmates being moved to San Quentin from Chino even though they were infected with COVID-19, then, \"exhibit B,\" inmates mixed with the San Quentin population, then \"exhibit COVID,\" and 75% of prison population infected and 28 deaths.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1375\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/exhibitc_060121_finalA.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/exhibitc_060121_finalA-800x573.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/exhibitc_060121_finalA-1020x730.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/exhibitc_060121_finalA-160x115.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/exhibitc_060121_finalA-1536x1100.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A panel of judges called what happened in San Quentin State Prison during the pandemic, \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11865491/after-a-year-of-covid-19-outbreaks-california-prisons-reckon-with-mistakes\">the worst epidemiological disaster in California correctional history\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now hundreds of incarcerated people are \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/sanquentincovidlawsuit\">having their day in court\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation and officials at San Quentin were much more than just inept, they were downright cruel ... which is where the \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CONAN-2002/pdf/GPO-CONAN-2002-9-9.pdf\">Eighth Amendment\u003c/a>, which bars cruel and unusual punishment, comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the pandemic appears to be winding down in our corner of the world, here's hoping people behind bars whose lives were recklessly put at risk during the height of the pandemic will see some measure of justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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