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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Screen-Shot-2022-06-24-at-12.34.04-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11917898\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Screen-Shot-2022-06-24-at-12.34.04-PM-800x763.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"763\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Screen-Shot-2022-06-24-at-12.34.04-PM-800x763.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Screen-Shot-2022-06-24-at-12.34.04-PM-1020x973.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Screen-Shot-2022-06-24-at-12.34.04-PM-160x153.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Screen-Shot-2022-06-24-at-12.34.04-PM-1536x1466.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Screen-Shot-2022-06-24-at-12.34.04-PM.png 1578w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>Twenty-two states have laws in place that will immediately ban abortions or pave the way to ban or severely restrict access to them, following the Supreme Court’s historic decision Friday to overturn Roe v. Wade. This is \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2021/10/26-states-are-certain-or-likely-ban-abortion-without-roe-heres-which-ones-and-why\">according to research from the Guttmacher Institute\u003c/a>, a group that favors abortion rights. Several additional states appear likely to enact new restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health effectively overturns the precedent set by the 1973 Supreme Court ruling in Roe v. Wade, which affirmed that a woman has a right to seek an abortion up until the point that the fetus could be “viable” outside of the uterus. It opens the way for states to enact many laws that were tied up in court, and to pass new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How states will ban or restrict abortions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State laws banning or severely restricting abortion access fall into three broad categories: 1) “trigger bans,” which ban abortion under most circumstances and go into effect with the fall of Roe; 2) pre-Roe bans still on the books; and 3) more recent laws that limit abortion to an early gestational age or ban it nearly totally. Some states have laws in more than one of these categories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirteen states have trigger bans, laws that take effect either immediately, by state official certification or after a 30-day waiting period, if Roe is overturned. Once they go into effect, these laws would supersede other laws the state may have on the books, said Elizabeth Nash, a state policy analyst with the Guttmacher Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The trigger ban applies throughout pregnancy” said Nash. “It does not have a gestational age [restriction].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five additional states that don’t have trigger laws do have pre-Roe laws banning abortion which could now be applied, depending on state legislative action or judicial enforcement. (Arizona’s pre-Roe ban has been on the books since before it became a state.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous states have passed laws that prohibit abortions after an early gestational age, though trigger bans in most of those states trump these. However, among states \u003cem>without\u003c/em> trigger laws, four have six-week bans that could take effect, assuming legal challenges against them are dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixteen states and the District of Columbia currently have laws that protect the right to abortion, mostly before the point of fetal viability,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/state-indicator/state-policies-protecting-or-restricting-legal-status-of-abortion/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D\"> according to the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How fast trigger laws can be enacted\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Trigger laws in three states – Kentucky, Louisiana and South Dakota – are set to take effect immediately, \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2022/06/13-states-have-abortion-trigger-bans-heres-what-happens-when-roe-overturned\">according to Guttmacher research\u003c/a>. All three outright ban abortion, except in cases in which the mother’s life is in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In three other states, abortion bans automatically go into effect in 30 days. Those states are Idaho, Tennessee and Texas. (In Texas,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/02/28/1083536401/texas-abortion-law-6-months\"> abortion services have already been chilled\u003c/a> by a state law that allows private citizens to sue abortion providers.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the remaining seven states, some sort of certification process is required. That means a state official – like a governor, attorney general or legislative official – must certify or approve the trigger law before it can go into effect. Those states are Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Utah and Wyoming. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/26/1101428347/oklahoma-governor-signs-the-nations-strictest-abortion-ban\">Last month, Oklahoma also passed the nation’s strictest abortion law\u003c/a>, which is similar to but even stricter than the one in Texas.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Enforcement of pre-Roe abortion bans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some states have laws that pre-existed the Roe ruling and have remained on the books, unenforced, ever since. Whether those laws come into force could depend on the current political leanings in those places, said Guttmacher’s Nash, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/04/1096545812/if-roe-v-wade-is-overturned-many-states-may-limit-access-to-abortion-immediately\">in an interview with NPR last month.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In states like Michigan and Wisconsin, pre-Roe abortion bans are still technically part of state law. But the Democrats who hold the governors’ and attorneys general offices may not be interested in enforcing them, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In others, like West Virginia and Arizona, Republicans may be more likely to press for enforcement or to ask a court to allow previously challenged laws to go into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to stress that this would happen fairly quickly. We’re not talking months and years. We’re really talking around days and weeks,” Nash said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How early pregnancy abortion bans restrict abortions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Bans on abortion after six or eight weeks gestational age narrow the window to access an abortion to a few weeks. The bans that had been passed in several states were previously held up in court, except for Texas, but could now become effective depending on court actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The start of a pregnancy is measured as \u003ca href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/7247-fetal-development-stages-of-growth#:~:text=The%20start%20of%20pregnancy%20is,of%20when%20conception%20actually%20occurs.\">the first day of a woman’s menstrual cycle\u003c/a>. Pregnancy can occur during ovulation, or within two weeks of the first day of the menstrual cycle. Detecting a pregnancy is possible within about four weeks from the first day of a woman’s period. This means that in states that ban abortions after six weeks, a pregnant woman who decides to have an abortion typically has about two weeks to obtain one in that state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Here%27s+where+abortions+will+likely+be+banned+or+strictly+limited+post+Roe&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five additional states that don’t have trigger laws do have pre-Roe laws banning abortion which could now be applied, depending on state legislative action or judicial enforcement. (Arizona’s pre-Roe ban has been on the books since before it became a state.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous states have passed laws that prohibit abortions after an early gestational age, though trigger bans in most of those states trump these. However, among states \u003cem>without\u003c/em> trigger laws, four have six-week bans that could take effect, assuming legal challenges against them are dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixteen states and the District of Columbia currently have laws that protect the right to abortion, mostly before the point of fetal viability,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/state-indicator/state-policies-protecting-or-restricting-legal-status-of-abortion/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D\"> according to the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How fast trigger laws can be enacted\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Trigger laws in three states – Kentucky, Louisiana and South Dakota – are set to take effect immediately, \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2022/06/13-states-have-abortion-trigger-bans-heres-what-happens-when-roe-overturned\">according to Guttmacher research\u003c/a>. All three outright ban abortion, except in cases in which the mother’s life is in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In three other states, abortion bans automatically go into effect in 30 days. Those states are Idaho, Tennessee and Texas. (In Texas,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/02/28/1083536401/texas-abortion-law-6-months\"> abortion services have already been chilled\u003c/a> by a state law that allows private citizens to sue abortion providers.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the remaining seven states, some sort of certification process is required. That means a state official – like a governor, attorney general or legislative official – must certify or approve the trigger law before it can go into effect. Those states are Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Utah and Wyoming. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/26/1101428347/oklahoma-governor-signs-the-nations-strictest-abortion-ban\">Last month, Oklahoma also passed the nation’s strictest abortion law\u003c/a>, which is similar to but even stricter than the one in Texas.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Enforcement of pre-Roe abortion bans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some states have laws that pre-existed the Roe ruling and have remained on the books, unenforced, ever since. Whether those laws come into force could depend on the current political leanings in those places, said Guttmacher’s Nash, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/04/1096545812/if-roe-v-wade-is-overturned-many-states-may-limit-access-to-abortion-immediately\">in an interview with NPR last month.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In states like Michigan and Wisconsin, pre-Roe abortion bans are still technically part of state law. But the Democrats who hold the governors’ and attorneys general offices may not be interested in enforcing them, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In others, like West Virginia and Arizona, Republicans may be more likely to press for enforcement or to ask a court to allow previously challenged laws to go into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to stress that this would happen fairly quickly. We’re not talking months and years. We’re really talking around days and weeks,” Nash said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How early pregnancy abortion bans restrict abortions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Bans on abortion after six or eight weeks gestational age narrow the window to access an abortion to a few weeks. The bans that had been passed in several states were previously held up in court, except for Texas, but could now become effective depending on court actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The start of a pregnancy is measured as \u003ca href=\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/7247-fetal-development-stages-of-growth#:~:text=The%20start%20of%20pregnancy%20is,of%20when%20conception%20actually%20occurs.\">the first day of a woman’s menstrual cycle\u003c/a>. Pregnancy can occur during ovulation, or within two weeks of the first day of the menstrual cycle. Detecting a pregnancy is possible within about four weeks from the first day of a woman’s period. This means that in states that ban abortions after six weeks, a pregnant woman who decides to have an abortion typically has about two weeks to obtain one in that state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Here%27s+where+abortions+will+likely+be+banned+or+strictly+limited+post+Roe&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Supreme Court Strikes Down N.Y. Gun Law. Is California's Concealed Carry Law Next?",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/23/1102995474/supreme-court-opinion-guns\">issued one of its most significant gun law rulings in more than a decade\u003c/a>, tossing out New York state’s tight restrictions on who can carry a concealed gun in public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gun rights activists are celebrating \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/21pdf/20-843_7j80.pdf\">the 6-3 decision\u003c/a>, while advocates for stricter gun laws decry it. Both agree that California’s similar law may be challenged next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling likely marks the most dramatic expansion of gun rights in the United States since 2008, when the Supreme Court clarified for the first time that the Second Amendment’s right “to keep and bear” firearms \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/07pdf/07-290.pdf\">applies to individual citizens\u003c/a>, not just state militia members. But that ruling only affirmed the right for “\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/07pdf/07-290.pdf\">self-defense within the home\u003c/a>,” leaving states with wide discretion over whether and how to restrict guns elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s ruling brings that constitutional right outside the home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Confining the right to ‘bear’ arms to the home would make little sense,” Justice Clarence Thomas wrote for the court’s majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom called the ruling “shameful” and a “dark day for America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a dangerous decision from a court hell bent on pushing a radical ideological agenda and infringing on the rights of states to protect our citizens from being gunned down in our streets, schools, and churches,” the governor \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1539993469644447744?s=20&t=sjv9Ft93Ni-II6qkD03XOg\">said on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1539993469644447744?s=20&t=yo2sTI8Si1Vm5jHOV9hEmw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Alex Padilla joined Newsom in condemning the court’s ruling. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision will make our communities less safe, plain and simple,” Padilla said in a statement. “This dangerous decision misinterprets the Constitution and jeopardizes gun safety laws in a number of states, including California, which has some of the most effective gun safety measures in the nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said in a statement that the high court is condoning mass shootings and the “ongoing tragedy of daily gun deaths plaguing our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is unfathomable that, while families in Uvalde, Buffalo and countless other communities mourn their loved ones stolen by gun violence, a supermajority of the Supreme Court has chosen to endanger more American lives,” Pelosi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most states either issue concealed carry licenses upon request or do not require licenses at all. But in eight states, applicants are required to show a compelling need before being granted permission to tote around a concealed firearm. Until Thursday’s ruling, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/03/1049380749/gun-rights-supreme-court-arguments-new-york\">New York was one of those states\u003c/a>. California is another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know of no other constitutional right that an individual may exercise only after demonstrating to government officers some special need,” Thomas wrote, offering a description of New York’s concealed carry law, but also California’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/81c2beb2-ad03-44b3-8083-a72264319fb8?src=embed\" title=\"Concealed carry regulations\" width=\"800\" height=\"798\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How easily a Californian is able to obtain a concealed weapon permit depends on where they live. That’s because in California these licenses are issued by local law enforcement — either city police chiefs or county sheriffs. And while state law requires applicants to demonstrate “good cause,” local law enforcement officials have wide latitude to define what that means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In counties with Republican sheriffs — \u003ca href=\"https://revealnews.org/article/want-to-carry-a-concealed-gun-live-in-sacramento-not-san-francisco/\">Sacramento\u003c/a> and Tehama, for example — permits are issued to all qualified applicants so long as they pay the necessary fees, take a firearms safety class as required by state law and don’t have a criminal record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco sits on the opposite end of the spectrum.\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfsheriff.com/sites/default/files/2021-05/SFSD%2001-15%20CCW.pdf\"> According to county sheriff guidelines\u003c/a>, an applicant living in the city must “supply convincing evidence” that they are at “significant risk of danger” that local law enforcement “cannot adequately address” and “cannot reasonably be avoided by alternative measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s ruling doesn’t immediately invalidate restrictive concealed carry policies like those in San Francisco. But it does make legal challenges against California’s entire discretionary system much more likely to succeed. In 2017, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/26/us/politics/supreme-court-guns-public-california.html\">declined to hear a challenge to California’s concealed carry law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s ruling could have much more sweeping implications that touch on all areas of California gun laws – from the state’s ban on assault-style weapons and high-capacity magazines to its restrictions on “ghost guns.” That’s because the new ruling sets a higher bar for any firearm restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To justify its regulation, the government may not simply posit that the regulation promotes an important interest,” Thomas wrote. “Rather, the government must demonstrate that the regulation is consistent with this Nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Michel, president of the California Rifle & Pistol Association (the state’s National Rifle Association chapter), told CalMatters on Thursday that he plans to file a host of new legal briefs in existing court challenges against the state’s assault weapon ban, its background check requirements, its large capacity magazine ban and against Los Angeles County’s concealed carry restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said today’s ruling is “going to simplify the whole process of judging whether or not a gun law is constitutional” and that the State of California will now have a harder time arguing that its strict rules are legal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='gun-control']At the same time the nation’s highest court expands the scope of the Second Amendment, Congress is on the verge of adding a few modest extra guardrails. In response to the mass shooting at an elementary school in Uvalde, Texas, in which a gunman killed 19 children and two teachers with a semi-automatic rifle, the U.S. Senate passed a\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/21/1106466279/senators-reach-final-bipartisan-agreement-on-a-gun-safety-bill\"> bipartisan gun bill\u003c/a> on Wednesday over the objections of the National Rifle Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If passed by the House of Representatives and signed by President Joe Biden, as is expected, the measure would ratchet up some background checks for younger would-be gun buyers. It would also provide funding to states interested in introducing “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/06/california-gun-laws-biden/\">red-flag laws\u003c/a>,” which make it easier for authorities to temporarily remove firearms from those deemed to be a threat to themselves or others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers in California are also considering their own raft of new gun bills. That includes legislation that would open gun vendors and manufacturers to an array of lawsuits for\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2021/12/texas-abortion-ban-newsom-assault-weapons/\"> violating state gun rules\u003c/a> or\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2022/05/california-gun-control-bill/\"> marketing guns and ammunition to minors\u003c/a> or others who aren’t allowed to own them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/23/1102995474/supreme-court-opinion-guns\">issued one of its most significant gun law rulings in more than a decade\u003c/a>, tossing out New York state’s tight restrictions on who can carry a concealed gun in public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gun rights activists are celebrating \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/21pdf/20-843_7j80.pdf\">the 6-3 decision\u003c/a>, while advocates for stricter gun laws decry it. Both agree that California’s similar law may be challenged next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling likely marks the most dramatic expansion of gun rights in the United States since 2008, when the Supreme Court clarified for the first time that the Second Amendment’s right “to keep and bear” firearms \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/07pdf/07-290.pdf\">applies to individual citizens\u003c/a>, not just state militia members. But that ruling only affirmed the right for “\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/07pdf/07-290.pdf\">self-defense within the home\u003c/a>,” leaving states with wide discretion over whether and how to restrict guns elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s ruling brings that constitutional right outside the home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Confining the right to ‘bear’ arms to the home would make little sense,” Justice Clarence Thomas wrote for the court’s majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom called the ruling “shameful” and a “dark day for America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a dangerous decision from a court hell bent on pushing a radical ideological agenda and infringing on the rights of states to protect our citizens from being gunned down in our streets, schools, and churches,” the governor \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1539993469644447744?s=20&t=sjv9Ft93Ni-II6qkD03XOg\">said on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Sen. Alex Padilla joined Newsom in condemning the court’s ruling. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision will make our communities less safe, plain and simple,” Padilla said in a statement. “This dangerous decision misinterprets the Constitution and jeopardizes gun safety laws in a number of states, including California, which has some of the most effective gun safety measures in the nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said in a statement that the high court is condoning mass shootings and the “ongoing tragedy of daily gun deaths plaguing our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is unfathomable that, while families in Uvalde, Buffalo and countless other communities mourn their loved ones stolen by gun violence, a supermajority of the Supreme Court has chosen to endanger more American lives,” Pelosi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most states either issue concealed carry licenses upon request or do not require licenses at all. But in eight states, applicants are required to show a compelling need before being granted permission to tote around a concealed firearm. Until Thursday’s ruling, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/03/1049380749/gun-rights-supreme-court-arguments-new-york\">New York was one of those states\u003c/a>. California is another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know of no other constitutional right that an individual may exercise only after demonstrating to government officers some special need,” Thomas wrote, offering a description of New York’s concealed carry law, but also California’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/81c2beb2-ad03-44b3-8083-a72264319fb8?src=embed\" title=\"Concealed carry regulations\" width=\"800\" height=\"798\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How easily a Californian is able to obtain a concealed weapon permit depends on where they live. That’s because in California these licenses are issued by local law enforcement — either city police chiefs or county sheriffs. And while state law requires applicants to demonstrate “good cause,” local law enforcement officials have wide latitude to define what that means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In counties with Republican sheriffs — \u003ca href=\"https://revealnews.org/article/want-to-carry-a-concealed-gun-live-in-sacramento-not-san-francisco/\">Sacramento\u003c/a> and Tehama, for example — permits are issued to all qualified applicants so long as they pay the necessary fees, take a firearms safety class as required by state law and don’t have a criminal record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco sits on the opposite end of the spectrum.\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfsheriff.com/sites/default/files/2021-05/SFSD%2001-15%20CCW.pdf\"> According to county sheriff guidelines\u003c/a>, an applicant living in the city must “supply convincing evidence” that they are at “significant risk of danger” that local law enforcement “cannot adequately address” and “cannot reasonably be avoided by alternative measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s ruling doesn’t immediately invalidate restrictive concealed carry policies like those in San Francisco. But it does make legal challenges against California’s entire discretionary system much more likely to succeed. In 2017, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/26/us/politics/supreme-court-guns-public-california.html\">declined to hear a challenge to California’s concealed carry law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s ruling could have much more sweeping implications that touch on all areas of California gun laws – from the state’s ban on assault-style weapons and high-capacity magazines to its restrictions on “ghost guns.” That’s because the new ruling sets a higher bar for any firearm restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To justify its regulation, the government may not simply posit that the regulation promotes an important interest,” Thomas wrote. “Rather, the government must demonstrate that the regulation is consistent with this Nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Michel, president of the California Rifle & Pistol Association (the state’s National Rifle Association chapter), told CalMatters on Thursday that he plans to file a host of new legal briefs in existing court challenges against the state’s assault weapon ban, its background check requirements, its large capacity magazine ban and against Los Angeles County’s concealed carry restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said today’s ruling is “going to simplify the whole process of judging whether or not a gun law is constitutional” and that the State of California will now have a harder time arguing that its strict rules are legal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At the same time the nation’s highest court expands the scope of the Second Amendment, Congress is on the verge of adding a few modest extra guardrails. In response to the mass shooting at an elementary school in Uvalde, Texas, in which a gunman killed 19 children and two teachers with a semi-automatic rifle, the U.S. Senate passed a\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/21/1106466279/senators-reach-final-bipartisan-agreement-on-a-gun-safety-bill\"> bipartisan gun bill\u003c/a> on Wednesday over the objections of the National Rifle Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If passed by the House of Representatives and signed by President Joe Biden, as is expected, the measure would ratchet up some background checks for younger would-be gun buyers. It would also provide funding to states interested in introducing “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/06/california-gun-laws-biden/\">red-flag laws\u003c/a>,” which make it easier for authorities to temporarily remove firearms from those deemed to be a threat to themselves or others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers in California are also considering their own raft of new gun bills. That includes legislation that would open gun vendors and manufacturers to an array of lawsuits for\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2021/12/texas-abortion-ban-newsom-assault-weapons/\"> violating state gun rules\u003c/a> or\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2022/05/california-gun-control-bill/\"> marketing guns and ammunition to minors\u003c/a> or others who aren’t allowed to own them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "How a Garden at UC Santa Cruz Led to an Exoneration Campaign for a Man on Death Row",
"title": "How a Garden at UC Santa Cruz Led to an Exoneration Campaign for a Man on Death Row",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ias.ucsc.edu/content/2021/solitary-garden\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solitary Garden\u003c/a> on the UC Santa Cruz campus is a small space, 9 feet long by 6 feet wide, flanked by old-growth oaks and sweeping views of the Monterey Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a little oasis, with its bushy plantings of rosemary, daisies and agave. The dimensions of the public sculpture are intentional — it's the size of an average solitary confinement cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy James Young, the person tasked with curating the Solitary Garden, has never himself set foot on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am a wrongfully convicted prisoner on San Quentin's death row,\" said Young when he introduced himself at the start of a recent phone interview with KQED from the maximum security state prison in Marin County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 52-year-old, also known as \"the solitary gardener,\" is one among \u003ca href=\"https://documents.deathpenaltyinfo.org/pdf/FactSheet.pdf\">nearly 700 people on death row in California\u003c/a> — the highest number in the U.S. Young said he's been locked up for 23 years on scant evidence. With his appeal process moving at a glacial pace, Young said he had given up hope of ever getting out — until students and faculty at UC Santa Cruz came along to campaign for his innocence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My journey to freedom didn't necessarily begin until I was introduced to Solitary Garden and the folks at UC Santa Cruz,\" said Young, who's been the curator of the garden since its inception on campus three years ago, thanks to a nationwide public art project protesting solitary confinement created by multidisciplinary artist and prison reform activist \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackie_Sumell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jackie Sumell\u003c/a>. The campus community does the actual gardening on Young's behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917030\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917030 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A 9-by-6-foot raised bed on a grassy hillside has in its center three-dimensional concrete shapes that resemble a bed, a toilet, and two low pillars. On the front side is a cell door, with what indoors would be floor-to-ceiling bars. Plantings surround the concrete shapes -- low green bushes and a succulent in one corner. Beyond the plot is another low grassy hillside, oak trees and, beyond that, in the distance, the ocean. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Solitary Garden at UC Santa Cruz. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sumell put Young in touch with UC Santa Cruz after he reached out to her as an admirer of her work and they struck up a correspondence. Young said he has forged deep friendships as a result of with students and faculty on campus as a result of being involved with the project. The feeling is mutual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want everyone to understand that this is not a relationship you can just walk away from. As long as he's in that cell, we need to continue to tend to that relationship, just as we tend the garden,\" said Rachel Nelson, who commissioned the Solitary Garden in her role as director of \u003ca href=\"https://ias.ucsc.edu/\">UC Santa Cruz's Institute of the Arts and Sciences\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Journey through the system\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Young said it's been a long journey since the day of his arrest in April 1999. He said law enforcement officers pulled him over while he was leaving an Easter celebration in the San Joaquin Valley town of Lemoore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I look around and there's like assault rifles being pointed at me from every direction, and I'm just trying to figure out what the heck is going on,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrest happened four years after the crime Young eventually found out he was accused of committing — the murder of five people in a bar in the nearby town of Tulare — took place. Stuck in county jail, Young said he assumed the criminal legal system would work in his favor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My initial thought was, 'Well, I'm an American. I have rights. Once we get to a preliminary hearing, this case will be dismissed,'\" Young said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 723px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917035 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56597_sdfqvw-qut.jpg\" alt='A Black man with brown eyes, chin-length locs and a graying goatee sits backward on a red plastic chair. He wears a light-blue short-sleeved prison tunic and navy blue sweatpants; on the right leg are yellow, vertical letters spelling \"SONER\" (as if they are part of the word \"PRISONER\"). He rests the fingertips of his hands, including his thumbs, together as he leans forward against the back of the chair, looking straight at the camera with a confident smile. To his right is a white-painted barred door; he appears to be inside a cell.' width=\"723\" height=\"721\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56597_sdfqvw-qut.jpg 723w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56597_sdfqvw-qut-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Timothy James Young. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Timothy James Young)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The case went to trial despite shaky evidence and unreliable witnesses, including Anthony Wolfe, a man convicted of a felony who served as a paid informant in return for a reduced sentence for himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2005, an all-white jury convicted Young, who is Black, of murder. A month later, he was sentenced to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I sat thinking, 'The truth will come out. Just hang in there. This will all be exposed and it’ll all be over with,'\" Young said. \"The truth \u003ci>did\u003c/i> come out. But everybody discarded it. And so 23 years later, I'm still wrongfully imprisoned and the nightmare continues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A growing connection to students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In recent months, a small group of film and digital media students at UC Santa Cruz has been working to make a case for exonerating Young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qoDy1jgVVxo\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their eight-minute documentary, \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qoDy1jgVVxo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">I Am More: The Story of Tim Young\u003c/a>,\" is the centerpiece of a new collaboration with students mostly majoring in government at \u003ca href=\"https://www.georgetown.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Georgetown University\u003c/a>, as part of a class there called \"\u003ca href=\"https://prisonsandjustice.georgetown.edu/news/wrongful-convictions-making-an-exoneree-2022/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Making an Exoneree\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://gufaculty360.georgetown.edu/s/contact/00336000014RcN6AAK/marc-howard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marc Howard,\u003c/a> professor of government and law at Georgetown, said that since the class launched in 2018, it has contributed to the exonerations of three wrongfully convicted people out of the 25 cases it has tackled so far. He and his students typically take on five cases a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What started out as an experiment has actually turned into an extraordinary machine for justice,\" Howard said. \"We have another prison release in the coming weeks. We may have another one still this year. And we've made great progress in a number of cases where the person initially had very little hope and we've at least helped them to obtain legal counsel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now with enhanced creative input from UC Santa Cruz on the filmmaking side for the first time this year, the schools joined forces to help get more people dealing with tough cases out of prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917031\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917031 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A white, middled-aged woman with long, curly salt-and-pepper hair and large, black-framed glasses poses indoors in front of a framed photograph of a torn cardboard box set against a sunlit white wall. She is smiling and wears a black cardigan sweater over a dark gray T-shirt. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Santa Cruz Film and Digital Media professor Sharon Daniel. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Documentary works of art in particular have a lot of power to persuade, to change people's perceptions,\" said UC Santa Cruz film and digital media professor \u003ca href=\"https://film.ucsc.edu/faculty/sharon_daniel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sharon Daniel\u003c/a>, who co-teaches the class. \"It's a way of addressing a general public, an audience that maybe doesn't know anything about what's wrong with the criminal legal system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel said she approached Georgetown about Young's case after she developed her own close friendship with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She first got to know him from the letters he wrote as part of the Solitary Garden project. Young went on to contribute to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.unjustlyexposed.com/\">interactive documentary Daniel made in 2020 about the impact of COVID-19 on the prison system\u003c/a> (Young said he contracted the virus in 2020 and still suffers from long COVID symptoms). The two were starting to collaborate on another long-form documentary, this time about Young's case, when Daniel heard about the Georgetown class on a podcast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Daniel reached out to the professor there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And he [Howard] could clearly see that it was the kind of case that they really like to take on with the class,\" she said. \"Really, really tough cases — cases where there seemed like there was no hope.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Cracking a tough case\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Cruz undergrad Allison Dean, part of the student team working on Young’s case, said she and her colleagues combed through more than 11,000 pages of legal documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The evidence in the case was horribly mismanaged,\" she said. \"There's just so many different small pieces that led to this wrongful conviction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917032\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917032 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young white woman in a black turtleneck sweater with long reddish hair smiles shoulder-to-shoulder with a young white man in a blue patterned button-down shirt, mustache and glasses, also smiling, with his right arm around her shoulders. They both look happy.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Santa Cruz undergrads Allison Dean and Sullivan Gaudreault. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fellow undergrad Sullivan Gaudreault said the team traveled to Tulare, where the crime was committed, and surrounding cities, to conduct interviews with as many people as they could find who were involved in the original investigation and trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We interviewed the judge who oversaw the case,\" Gaudreault said. \"We interviewed one of the lead investigators, people who knew Tim, his defense counsel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team also created a \u003ca href=\"https://www.timothyjamesyoung.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">website\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/free-tim-young?utm_content=cl_sharecopy_32847146_en-US%3A7&recruiter=1259071583&recruited_by_id=dcaf1200-af78-11ec-8660-53abd4361a7d&utm_source=share_petition&utm_medium=copylink&utm_campaign=psf_combo_share_initial&utm_term=psf_combo_share_initial&share_bandit_exp=initial-32847146-en-US\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">petition\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/freetimyoung/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">social media campaign\u003c/a> to gather support for Young. Right now, they have more than 700 followers on \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/freetimyoung/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Instagram\u003c/a>. The immediate goal is to get pro bono legal representation for Young as he moves through an appeal process that could overturn his conviction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11904934,news_11916767,news_11882320 label='Related Stories']A legal firm is currently reviewing the students’ media campaign to decide whether to take on the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I talk to Tim almost every day,\" Dean said. \"And probably the hardest thing is when he calls and he asks for updates. And I have no updates for him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Georgetown-UC Santa Cruz class is part of a long tradition that dates back at least to the 1990s, of college students working to free wrongfully convicted prisoners — like \u003ca href=\"https://www.northwestern.edu/magazine/northwestern/spring99/convictions.htm\">a landmark program at Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism, and Legal Clinic\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're always going to need heroic students,\" said Robert Dunham, executive director of the independent nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Death Penalty Information Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the center shows just \u003ca href=\"https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/policy-issues/innocence-database?state=California\">how tough it is to get someone exonerated\u003c/a>, especially in California and especially for someone on death row, where only five of the 692 people on death row have been exonerated since the early 1970s. (The state currently has a stay on executions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There aren't enough lawyers and enough resources and enough courts with open hearts to correct all of the injustices that we see,\" Dunham said. \"So there will always be a need for people on the outside to bring attention to things that are not being corrected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>In it for the long haul\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Though the class is over, Dean and Gaudreault both said they plan to keep on fighting for Young’s freedom for as long as it takes. And their professors said they are planning for the bi-coastal collaboration to continue, with a crop of new cases next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaudreault said the class has inspired him to rethink his career path.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917033 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Two young white women with long, flat hair -- one wearing a yellow scarf holding back her hair -- sit behind a video camera in a neat, clean room with a drop ceiling and fluorescent overhead lights. The walls are pink-beige with nothing but a flatscreen TV on the walls. They are dressed casually and face a man who sits facing the camera. He is white and middle-aged, with thick, neat white-and-gray hair and a white goatee. He wears dark jeans and a blue button-down shirt tucked into his jeans, knees splayed, ankles crossed, fingers interlaced in his lap. A standing light lights him from the left. The woman on the left holds a notebook on her lap and a pen in her right hand. The woman on the right, with the yellow scarf, wears jean shorts and a T-shirt and has her legs crossed and arms folded.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students re-investigated Timothy James Young's case by traveling to Tulare and interviewing as many people as they could find who were involved in the original investigation and trial. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"For the longest time, I've been wanting to go into the marketing and advertising industry,\" he said. \"I now want to pursue a career in nonprofit work and advocacy in terms of film, helping wrongfully convicted people have a voice and tell their story through digital media.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Young said he’s grateful for the students’ friendship and support. He’s optimistic their efforts will not only get him legal help, but also raise greater awareness about the urgent need to overhaul the penal system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have committed to the long, hard fight,\" said Young. \"That's not only a testament to the kind of people that they are, but it's a testament to the kind of relationships that we build.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young is dreaming of the day when he can visit the UC Santa Cruz campus and his Solitary Garden in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to just be in nature,\" he said. \"I want to feel the soil running through my fingers.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Incarcerated in San Quentin for the past 23 years, Timothy James Young said he had given up hope of getting out — until students and faculty at UC Santa Cruz helped kick off a campaign for his exoneration.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ias.ucsc.edu/content/2021/solitary-garden\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solitary Garden\u003c/a> on the UC Santa Cruz campus is a small space, 9 feet long by 6 feet wide, flanked by old-growth oaks and sweeping views of the Monterey Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a little oasis, with its bushy plantings of rosemary, daisies and agave. The dimensions of the public sculpture are intentional — it's the size of an average solitary confinement cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy James Young, the person tasked with curating the Solitary Garden, has never himself set foot on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am a wrongfully convicted prisoner on San Quentin's death row,\" said Young when he introduced himself at the start of a recent phone interview with KQED from the maximum security state prison in Marin County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 52-year-old, also known as \"the solitary gardener,\" is one among \u003ca href=\"https://documents.deathpenaltyinfo.org/pdf/FactSheet.pdf\">nearly 700 people on death row in California\u003c/a> — the highest number in the U.S. Young said he's been locked up for 23 years on scant evidence. With his appeal process moving at a glacial pace, Young said he had given up hope of ever getting out — until students and faculty at UC Santa Cruz came along to campaign for his innocence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My journey to freedom didn't necessarily begin until I was introduced to Solitary Garden and the folks at UC Santa Cruz,\" said Young, who's been the curator of the garden since its inception on campus three years ago, thanks to a nationwide public art project protesting solitary confinement created by multidisciplinary artist and prison reform activist \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackie_Sumell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jackie Sumell\u003c/a>. The campus community does the actual gardening on Young's behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917030\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917030 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A 9-by-6-foot raised bed on a grassy hillside has in its center three-dimensional concrete shapes that resemble a bed, a toilet, and two low pillars. On the front side is a cell door, with what indoors would be floor-to-ceiling bars. Plantings surround the concrete shapes -- low green bushes and a succulent in one corner. Beyond the plot is another low grassy hillside, oak trees and, beyond that, in the distance, the ocean. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56607_IMG-6838-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Solitary Garden at UC Santa Cruz. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sumell put Young in touch with UC Santa Cruz after he reached out to her as an admirer of her work and they struck up a correspondence. Young said he has forged deep friendships as a result of with students and faculty on campus as a result of being involved with the project. The feeling is mutual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want everyone to understand that this is not a relationship you can just walk away from. As long as he's in that cell, we need to continue to tend to that relationship, just as we tend the garden,\" said Rachel Nelson, who commissioned the Solitary Garden in her role as director of \u003ca href=\"https://ias.ucsc.edu/\">UC Santa Cruz's Institute of the Arts and Sciences\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Journey through the system\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Young said it's been a long journey since the day of his arrest in April 1999. He said law enforcement officers pulled him over while he was leaving an Easter celebration in the San Joaquin Valley town of Lemoore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I look around and there's like assault rifles being pointed at me from every direction, and I'm just trying to figure out what the heck is going on,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrest happened four years after the crime Young eventually found out he was accused of committing — the murder of five people in a bar in the nearby town of Tulare — took place. Stuck in county jail, Young said he assumed the criminal legal system would work in his favor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My initial thought was, 'Well, I'm an American. I have rights. Once we get to a preliminary hearing, this case will be dismissed,'\" Young said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 723px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917035 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56597_sdfqvw-qut.jpg\" alt='A Black man with brown eyes, chin-length locs and a graying goatee sits backward on a red plastic chair. He wears a light-blue short-sleeved prison tunic and navy blue sweatpants; on the right leg are yellow, vertical letters spelling \"SONER\" (as if they are part of the word \"PRISONER\"). He rests the fingertips of his hands, including his thumbs, together as he leans forward against the back of the chair, looking straight at the camera with a confident smile. To his right is a white-painted barred door; he appears to be inside a cell.' width=\"723\" height=\"721\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56597_sdfqvw-qut.jpg 723w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56597_sdfqvw-qut-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Timothy James Young. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Timothy James Young)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The case went to trial despite shaky evidence and unreliable witnesses, including Anthony Wolfe, a man convicted of a felony who served as a paid informant in return for a reduced sentence for himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2005, an all-white jury convicted Young, who is Black, of murder. A month later, he was sentenced to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I sat thinking, 'The truth will come out. Just hang in there. This will all be exposed and it’ll all be over with,'\" Young said. \"The truth \u003ci>did\u003c/i> come out. But everybody discarded it. And so 23 years later, I'm still wrongfully imprisoned and the nightmare continues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A growing connection to students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In recent months, a small group of film and digital media students at UC Santa Cruz has been working to make a case for exonerating Young.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/qoDy1jgVVxo'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/qoDy1jgVVxo'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Their eight-minute documentary, \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qoDy1jgVVxo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">I Am More: The Story of Tim Young\u003c/a>,\" is the centerpiece of a new collaboration with students mostly majoring in government at \u003ca href=\"https://www.georgetown.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Georgetown University\u003c/a>, as part of a class there called \"\u003ca href=\"https://prisonsandjustice.georgetown.edu/news/wrongful-convictions-making-an-exoneree-2022/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Making an Exoneree\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://gufaculty360.georgetown.edu/s/contact/00336000014RcN6AAK/marc-howard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marc Howard,\u003c/a> professor of government and law at Georgetown, said that since the class launched in 2018, it has contributed to the exonerations of three wrongfully convicted people out of the 25 cases it has tackled so far. He and his students typically take on five cases a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What started out as an experiment has actually turned into an extraordinary machine for justice,\" Howard said. \"We have another prison release in the coming weeks. We may have another one still this year. And we've made great progress in a number of cases where the person initially had very little hope and we've at least helped them to obtain legal counsel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now with enhanced creative input from UC Santa Cruz on the filmmaking side for the first time this year, the schools joined forces to help get more people dealing with tough cases out of prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917031\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917031 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A white, middled-aged woman with long, curly salt-and-pepper hair and large, black-framed glasses poses indoors in front of a framed photograph of a torn cardboard box set against a sunlit white wall. She is smiling and wears a black cardigan sweater over a dark gray T-shirt. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56604_IMG-6827-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Santa Cruz Film and Digital Media professor Sharon Daniel. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Documentary works of art in particular have a lot of power to persuade, to change people's perceptions,\" said UC Santa Cruz film and digital media professor \u003ca href=\"https://film.ucsc.edu/faculty/sharon_daniel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sharon Daniel\u003c/a>, who co-teaches the class. \"It's a way of addressing a general public, an audience that maybe doesn't know anything about what's wrong with the criminal legal system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel said she approached Georgetown about Young's case after she developed her own close friendship with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She first got to know him from the letters he wrote as part of the Solitary Garden project. Young went on to contribute to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.unjustlyexposed.com/\">interactive documentary Daniel made in 2020 about the impact of COVID-19 on the prison system\u003c/a> (Young said he contracted the virus in 2020 and still suffers from long COVID symptoms). The two were starting to collaborate on another long-form documentary, this time about Young's case, when Daniel heard about the Georgetown class on a podcast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Daniel reached out to the professor there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And he [Howard] could clearly see that it was the kind of case that they really like to take on with the class,\" she said. \"Really, really tough cases — cases where there seemed like there was no hope.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Cracking a tough case\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Cruz undergrad Allison Dean, part of the student team working on Young’s case, said she and her colleagues combed through more than 11,000 pages of legal documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The evidence in the case was horribly mismanaged,\" she said. \"There's just so many different small pieces that led to this wrongful conviction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917032\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917032 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young white woman in a black turtleneck sweater with long reddish hair smiles shoulder-to-shoulder with a young white man in a blue patterned button-down shirt, mustache and glasses, also smiling, with his right arm around her shoulders. They both look happy.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56603_IMG-6826-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Santa Cruz undergrads Allison Dean and Sullivan Gaudreault. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fellow undergrad Sullivan Gaudreault said the team traveled to Tulare, where the crime was committed, and surrounding cities, to conduct interviews with as many people as they could find who were involved in the original investigation and trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We interviewed the judge who oversaw the case,\" Gaudreault said. \"We interviewed one of the lead investigators, people who knew Tim, his defense counsel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team also created a \u003ca href=\"https://www.timothyjamesyoung.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">website\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/free-tim-young?utm_content=cl_sharecopy_32847146_en-US%3A7&recruiter=1259071583&recruited_by_id=dcaf1200-af78-11ec-8660-53abd4361a7d&utm_source=share_petition&utm_medium=copylink&utm_campaign=psf_combo_share_initial&utm_term=psf_combo_share_initial&share_bandit_exp=initial-32847146-en-US\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">petition\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/freetimyoung/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">social media campaign\u003c/a> to gather support for Young. Right now, they have more than 700 followers on \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/freetimyoung/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Instagram\u003c/a>. The immediate goal is to get pro bono legal representation for Young as he moves through an appeal process that could overturn his conviction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A legal firm is currently reviewing the students’ media campaign to decide whether to take on the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I talk to Tim almost every day,\" Dean said. \"And probably the hardest thing is when he calls and he asks for updates. And I have no updates for him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Georgetown-UC Santa Cruz class is part of a long tradition that dates back at least to the 1990s, of college students working to free wrongfully convicted prisoners — like \u003ca href=\"https://www.northwestern.edu/magazine/northwestern/spring99/convictions.htm\">a landmark program at Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism, and Legal Clinic\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're always going to need heroic students,\" said Robert Dunham, executive director of the independent nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Death Penalty Information Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the center shows just \u003ca href=\"https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/policy-issues/innocence-database?state=California\">how tough it is to get someone exonerated\u003c/a>, especially in California and especially for someone on death row, where only five of the 692 people on death row have been exonerated since the early 1970s. (The state currently has a stay on executions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There aren't enough lawyers and enough resources and enough courts with open hearts to correct all of the injustices that we see,\" Dunham said. \"So there will always be a need for people on the outside to bring attention to things that are not being corrected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>In it for the long haul\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Though the class is over, Dean and Gaudreault both said they plan to keep on fighting for Young’s freedom for as long as it takes. And their professors said they are planning for the bi-coastal collaboration to continue, with a crop of new cases next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaudreault said the class has inspired him to rethink his career path.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11917033 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Two young white women with long, flat hair -- one wearing a yellow scarf holding back her hair -- sit behind a video camera in a neat, clean room with a drop ceiling and fluorescent overhead lights. The walls are pink-beige with nothing but a flatscreen TV on the walls. They are dressed casually and face a man who sits facing the camera. He is white and middle-aged, with thick, neat white-and-gray hair and a white goatee. He wears dark jeans and a blue button-down shirt tucked into his jeans, knees splayed, ankles crossed, fingers interlaced in his lap. A standing light lights him from the left. The woman on the left holds a notebook on her lap and a pen in her right hand. The woman on the right, with the yellow scarf, wears jean shorts and a T-shirt and has her legs crossed and arms folded.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56601_MAE-Tulare-Trip-Photos-16-of-55-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students re-investigated Timothy James Young's case by traveling to Tulare and interviewing as many people as they could find who were involved in the original investigation and trial. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"For the longest time, I've been wanting to go into the marketing and advertising industry,\" he said. \"I now want to pursue a career in nonprofit work and advocacy in terms of film, helping wrongfully convicted people have a voice and tell their story through digital media.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Young said he’s grateful for the students’ friendship and support. He’s optimistic their efforts will not only get him legal help, but also raise greater awareness about the urgent need to overhaul the penal system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have committed to the long, hard fight,\" said Young. \"That's not only a testament to the kind of people that they are, but it's a testament to the kind of relationships that we build.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young is dreaming of the day when he can visit the UC Santa Cruz campus and his Solitary Garden in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to just be in nature,\" he said. \"I want to feel the soil running through my fingers.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "navigating-freedom-reentry-and-motherhood-the-challenges-for-formerly-incarcerated-moms",
"title": "Navigating Freedom, Reentry and Motherhood: The Challenges for Formerly Incarcerated Moms",
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"headTitle": "Navigating Freedom, Reentry and Motherhood: The Challenges for Formerly Incarcerated Moms | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap] group of women, many of them mothers, sat in a circle in San Francisco’s Bayview neighborhood in early April, talking about the challenges they’ve faced and victories they’ve celebrated recently. The group, called Seeking Safety — a project of the Bayview-based organization \u003ca href=\"https://positivedirectionsequalschange.org/\">Positive Directions Equals Change\u003c/a> — provides support for women in recovery from substance use disorder and for the formerly incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This group is facilitated by other legal-system-impacted women like Lisa Wood, who spent time locked up in the 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of us who leave our children and go to prison come from broken cycles,” she said. “We don’t know how to put the pieces together and so we really need support before coming out of prison.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There isn’t a lot of support for women, especially mothers leaving prison and jail; and the support that does exist is mostly scattered among various nonprofits and government agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last several years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/research/wp-content/uploads/sites/174/2022/01/Fall-2021-Population-Projections.pdf\">a record number of incarcerated people have been released in California\u003c/a>. The reasons include a number of early release laws that California has passed, and the fact that prisons became deadly hotbeds for COVID-19 during the pandemic. The state’s incarcerated population \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/californias-prison-population-drops-sharply-but-overcrowding-still-threatens-prisoner-health/\">declined by more than 20%\u003c/a> in 2020 alone — and the rate of decline in women’s prisons was even greater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the number of incarcerated people being released at an all-time high, advocates say that more resources to help people reenter society could lower recidivism rates, help family instability and improve the mental health of formerly incarcerated people. But the obstacles facing those reentering society are daunting, and the amount of helpful resources, especially for mothers, hasn’t kept up with the need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lisa Wood\"]‘[My daughter] is in the same struggle that I was in all those years. Now I’m trying to break this cycle.’[/pullquote]\u003ca href=\"https://imrp.dpp.uconn.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/3351/2021/09/March-2015-Seven-out-of-ten.pdf\">Studies show\u003c/a> there can be \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6124689/#R53\">even stronger negative effects\u003c/a> on the children of incarcerated parents, who can be three times more likely to become involved with the legal system themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the children of women who give birth while they’re incarcerated, the generational impacts \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4655430/\">can start when they are separated shortly after birth\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘My son followed me into that pattern’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lisa Wood watched crack destroy her community of West Philadelphia in the 1980s. She herself was introduced to drugs at 13 years old, and she spent 12 years in and out of prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I watched how the drugs changed my community, and saw how it destroyed the African American community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Wood was incarcerated for the first time in 1985, she was pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most women who are incarcerated in prisons and jails across the U.S. are mothers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.prisonpolicy.org/blog/2021/05/05/mothers-day-2021/\">according to the Prison Policy Initiative\u003c/a> — and an estimated 58,000 women every year are pregnant when they are admitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had my daughter in prison,” Wood said. “She went home at 3 days old.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much time incarcerated mothers spend with their newborns depends on a prison’s policy. Some women are only allowed a day or two before their child is either placed with relatives or in foster care. Wood had only a couple of days before her daughter went into the care of Wood’s mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she was released in 1988, she had a 4-year-old son and 2-year-old daughter to take care of while she was still trying to manage her addiction. She struggled to get better and wound up returning to prison one more time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood was at risk of an 18-year sentence after being arrested a third time because of the California habitual offender law, otherwise known as the “three strikes law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I said to the judge, you know, I’ve actually been a junkie my whole life and no one’s ever asked me, can I give you any treatment or help?” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11832910,news_11882320,news_11904298 label='Related Coverage']The judge sentenced Wood to complete a residential drug addiction program with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.delanceystreetfoundation.org/\">Delancey Street Foundation\u003c/a> in San Francisco. If she didn’t complete the program, she would be back in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still was thinking of leaving and going back to hustling and the whole drug scene,” said Wood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, she made the decision to stay in the Delancey Street program for six years and eventually started working in the intake department and mentoring other residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, while Wood was doing work on herself in Delancey Street, her children were growing older and facing their own challenges. Wood’s son went into prison for the first time at age 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My son kind of followed me into that pattern that I was in with the gangs and drugs,” Wood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was released when he was 25 and has been out for years. He and Wood have a great relationship today, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wood’s daughter still resents her absence and struggles with mental health and substance use disorder like Wood did. As a result Wood is now raising her daughter’s three sons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s in the same struggle that I was in all those years,” she said. “Now I’m trying to break this cycle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11916828\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11916828\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Woman laughing, holding bouquet as two other women smile and laugh in background\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Wood holds a bouquet of candy after being recognized for her achievements at a Seeking Safety support meeting in San Francisco on April 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Seeking Safety, most of the women Wood sees are Black and brown. She’s trying to make the strong connections women like her need, and she knows that success is not guaranteed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can see the potential in them, but they can’t see it in themselves,” she said. “Until they’re able to see it, it doesn’t matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘You’re pretty much on your own’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many formerly incarcerated parents have to navigate how to rekindle family relationships after they’re released. Damage from years of separation can be hard to repair, and advocates say parents are often given no help in child custody cases while incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week before Linette Galindo’s eldest son turned 7, back in 2004, she was incarcerated. Her sentence lasted almost 17 years. While she was away, her ex-husband, who had custody of her children, didn’t allow her regular communication with her kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had to fight through the courts to be able to at least try to get letters and pictures,” she said. “Which is very hard to do when it is just you by yourself trying to figure this out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in prison, Galindo’s ex-husband remarried and relocated her children to Colorado. For six years she didn’t know where her children were, she said. Like many mothers in her position, Galindo became a regular in the prison library and started studying child custody laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in 2019, a year before her release from the California Institution for Women in Chino, her ex-husband filed for adoption of their kids. Like many incarcerated parents, Galindo received no legal help in her adoption hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had to represent myself,” she said. “I had to become an attorney.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Galindo lost her case, and when she was released she tried contacting her kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went on social media, like anybody would, and tried to find pictures of them on Facebook, Instagram. Just to see what they look like,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Galindo’s ex-husband discovered she was looking for pictures of her children and reported it to her parole officer, who advised her to stop looking them up on social media, and she stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has now been out of prison for almost two years and is currently living in San Bernardino with her sister, working at a local factory for minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11916833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11916833\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Galindo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"591\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Galindo.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Galindo-160x118.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Linette Galindo (left), stands with her family in San Bernardino. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Linette Galindo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Eventually, she wants to become a drug and alcohol counselor to help women who have had similar experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of my determination comes because one day I know my kids are going to come looking for me,” she said. “I believe that in my heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘There’s not a lot of resources, especially for us undocumented people’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Much of the success for formerly incarcerated people reentering society depends on their social networks and how many barriers they have to overcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laura Garibay came to the U.S. from Mexico and was granted Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals status in 2013, prior to her incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay, 37, is a survivor of domestic violence and went to jail after an incident with an abusive ex-boyfriend. The case was later dismissed. Garibay served only four months in jail — but during that time, she was unable to reapply for DACA status, making her ineligible for government assistance, including food stamps and supplemental income, when she was released in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay, who lives in Fresno, slept in motels and sometimes even in cars, she recalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A glimmer of hope arrived in March 2020, when a judge granted Garibay full custody of her daughter after she proved that the ex-boyfriend, who was her daughter’s caretaker, was not providing a safe living environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as I saw my daughter, she ran towards me and I ran towards her,” said Garibay. “We just didn’t want to let it go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after winning custody, she and her daughter still had very little money and nowhere to live, so they had to seek support from the abusive ex-boyfriend, who helped pay for an illegal sublet in Shafter, a small farming town in the Central Valley, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are no other people that could help me out — so typical of a person who’s in an abusive relationship,” she said. “That toxic cycle continues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay ended up getting pregnant with the ex-boyfriend. Shortly after, they were evicted when the landlord found out they were illegally subletting, and Garibay took her daughter to live with a friend in Tehachapi. Garibay said that’s when she was diagnosed with depression and anxiety and started seeing a therapist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They saw how severe my depression was,” she said. “The thing that kept me going was my little girl. I need my little girl. My little girl needs me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11916835\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11916835\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Garibay.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"940\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Garibay.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Garibay-160x188.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Laura Garibay (left), with her daughter. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Laura Garibay)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://whopaysreport.org/who-pays-full-report/\">2015 study\u003c/a> found that half of formerly incarcerated people and their family members surveyed nationally experienced negative mental health impacts related to their incarceration, such as depression and anxiety; in California this \u003ca href=\"https://www.vera.org/downloads/pdfdownloads/state-incarceration-trends-california.pdf\">disproportionately hits Black and Latinx incarcerated people\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Garibay finally separated from her ex-boyfriend, she was 7 months pregnant. Again, she was homeless. But she was going to a support group, which eventually referred her to a reentry program called Root & Rebound, which provides services in the Bay Area, Los Angeles and the Central Valley. They helped her find a place to live in Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They said, you’re going to have to pack whatever you could fit in a car. That’s all we’re bringing,” she said. “We’re placing you in a program that has a lot of security. You’re going to be safe there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay was referred to another nonprofit program in Fresno called Rescue the Children, where she lived for 18 months and received clothing, housing and therapy. It’s common for women reentering society to have to seek out many different resources from different places because prisons and state governments don’t provide enough help, said Claudia Gonzalez, who works with Root & Rebound and helped Garibay navigate the resources available to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing is mandated. There’s no law stating that parole officers have to find resources for you,” said Gonzalez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay currently attends Fresno City College and is pursuing a career in the legal field. But she is still waiting for her DACA approval, which means she still can’t legally apply for jobs. Her college will stop paying for her housing in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What does this mean for me and my girls again?” she asked. “You know, it puts us back in a limbo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay depends on scholarship money and small amounts of government assistance that her two daughters get since they are U.S. citizens. There are still days when her depression feels overwhelming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a 1-year-old and I have a 13-year-old that depend on me,” she said. “They have nobody else, and because of that reason, that’s the reason I push forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "With the number of incarcerated people being released at an all-time high, advocates say more resources to help them reenter society could lower recidivism rates, boost family stability and improve the mental health of formerly incarcerated people. But the obstacles facing those reentering society are daunting, and the amount of helpful resources — especially for mothers — hasn't kept up with the need.",
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"title": "Navigating Freedom, Reentry and Motherhood: The Challenges for Formerly Incarcerated Moms | KQED",
"description": "With the number of incarcerated people being released at an all-time high, advocates say more resources to help them reenter society could lower recidivism rates, boost family stability and improve the mental health of formerly incarcerated people. But the obstacles facing those reentering society are daunting, and the amount of helpful resources — especially for mothers — hasn't kept up with the need.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">A\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> group of women, many of them mothers, sat in a circle in San Francisco’s Bayview neighborhood in early April, talking about the challenges they’ve faced and victories they’ve celebrated recently. The group, called Seeking Safety — a project of the Bayview-based organization \u003ca href=\"https://positivedirectionsequalschange.org/\">Positive Directions Equals Change\u003c/a> — provides support for women in recovery from substance use disorder and for the formerly incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This group is facilitated by other legal-system-impacted women like Lisa Wood, who spent time locked up in the 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of us who leave our children and go to prison come from broken cycles,” she said. “We don’t know how to put the pieces together and so we really need support before coming out of prison.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There isn’t a lot of support for women, especially mothers leaving prison and jail; and the support that does exist is mostly scattered among various nonprofits and government agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last several years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/research/wp-content/uploads/sites/174/2022/01/Fall-2021-Population-Projections.pdf\">a record number of incarcerated people have been released in California\u003c/a>. The reasons include a number of early release laws that California has passed, and the fact that prisons became deadly hotbeds for COVID-19 during the pandemic. The state’s incarcerated population \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/californias-prison-population-drops-sharply-but-overcrowding-still-threatens-prisoner-health/\">declined by more than 20%\u003c/a> in 2020 alone — and the rate of decline in women’s prisons was even greater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the number of incarcerated people being released at an all-time high, advocates say that more resources to help people reenter society could lower recidivism rates, help family instability and improve the mental health of formerly incarcerated people. But the obstacles facing those reentering society are daunting, and the amount of helpful resources, especially for mothers, hasn’t kept up with the need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘[My daughter] is in the same struggle that I was in all those years. Now I’m trying to break this cycle.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://imrp.dpp.uconn.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/3351/2021/09/March-2015-Seven-out-of-ten.pdf\">Studies show\u003c/a> there can be \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6124689/#R53\">even stronger negative effects\u003c/a> on the children of incarcerated parents, who can be three times more likely to become involved with the legal system themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the children of women who give birth while they’re incarcerated, the generational impacts \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4655430/\">can start when they are separated shortly after birth\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘My son followed me into that pattern’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lisa Wood watched crack destroy her community of West Philadelphia in the 1980s. She herself was introduced to drugs at 13 years old, and she spent 12 years in and out of prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I watched how the drugs changed my community, and saw how it destroyed the African American community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Wood was incarcerated for the first time in 1985, she was pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most women who are incarcerated in prisons and jails across the U.S. are mothers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.prisonpolicy.org/blog/2021/05/05/mothers-day-2021/\">according to the Prison Policy Initiative\u003c/a> — and an estimated 58,000 women every year are pregnant when they are admitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had my daughter in prison,” Wood said. “She went home at 3 days old.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much time incarcerated mothers spend with their newborns depends on a prison’s policy. Some women are only allowed a day or two before their child is either placed with relatives or in foster care. Wood had only a couple of days before her daughter went into the care of Wood’s mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she was released in 1988, she had a 4-year-old son and 2-year-old daughter to take care of while she was still trying to manage her addiction. She struggled to get better and wound up returning to prison one more time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood was at risk of an 18-year sentence after being arrested a third time because of the California habitual offender law, otherwise known as the “three strikes law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I said to the judge, you know, I’ve actually been a junkie my whole life and no one’s ever asked me, can I give you any treatment or help?” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The judge sentenced Wood to complete a residential drug addiction program with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.delanceystreetfoundation.org/\">Delancey Street Foundation\u003c/a> in San Francisco. If she didn’t complete the program, she would be back in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still was thinking of leaving and going back to hustling and the whole drug scene,” said Wood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, she made the decision to stay in the Delancey Street program for six years and eventually started working in the intake department and mentoring other residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, while Wood was doing work on herself in Delancey Street, her children were growing older and facing their own challenges. Wood’s son went into prison for the first time at age 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My son kind of followed me into that pattern that I was in with the gangs and drugs,” Wood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was released when he was 25 and has been out for years. He and Wood have a great relationship today, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wood’s daughter still resents her absence and struggles with mental health and substance use disorder like Wood did. As a result Wood is now raising her daughter’s three sons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s in the same struggle that I was in all those years,” she said. “Now I’m trying to break this cycle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11916828\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11916828\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Woman laughing, holding bouquet as two other women smile and laugh in background\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55246_019_KQED_SistersCircleBayview_04062022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Wood holds a bouquet of candy after being recognized for her achievements at a Seeking Safety support meeting in San Francisco on April 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Seeking Safety, most of the women Wood sees are Black and brown. She’s trying to make the strong connections women like her need, and she knows that success is not guaranteed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can see the potential in them, but they can’t see it in themselves,” she said. “Until they’re able to see it, it doesn’t matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘You’re pretty much on your own’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many formerly incarcerated parents have to navigate how to rekindle family relationships after they’re released. Damage from years of separation can be hard to repair, and advocates say parents are often given no help in child custody cases while incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week before Linette Galindo’s eldest son turned 7, back in 2004, she was incarcerated. Her sentence lasted almost 17 years. While she was away, her ex-husband, who had custody of her children, didn’t allow her regular communication with her kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had to fight through the courts to be able to at least try to get letters and pictures,” she said. “Which is very hard to do when it is just you by yourself trying to figure this out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in prison, Galindo’s ex-husband remarried and relocated her children to Colorado. For six years she didn’t know where her children were, she said. Like many mothers in her position, Galindo became a regular in the prison library and started studying child custody laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in 2019, a year before her release from the California Institution for Women in Chino, her ex-husband filed for adoption of their kids. Like many incarcerated parents, Galindo received no legal help in her adoption hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had to represent myself,” she said. “I had to become an attorney.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Galindo lost her case, and when she was released she tried contacting her kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went on social media, like anybody would, and tried to find pictures of them on Facebook, Instagram. Just to see what they look like,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Galindo’s ex-husband discovered she was looking for pictures of her children and reported it to her parole officer, who advised her to stop looking them up on social media, and she stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has now been out of prison for almost two years and is currently living in San Bernardino with her sister, working at a local factory for minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11916833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11916833\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Galindo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"591\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Galindo.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Galindo-160x118.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Linette Galindo (left), stands with her family in San Bernardino. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Linette Galindo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Eventually, she wants to become a drug and alcohol counselor to help women who have had similar experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of my determination comes because one day I know my kids are going to come looking for me,” she said. “I believe that in my heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘There’s not a lot of resources, especially for us undocumented people’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Much of the success for formerly incarcerated people reentering society depends on their social networks and how many barriers they have to overcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laura Garibay came to the U.S. from Mexico and was granted Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals status in 2013, prior to her incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay, 37, is a survivor of domestic violence and went to jail after an incident with an abusive ex-boyfriend. The case was later dismissed. Garibay served only four months in jail — but during that time, she was unable to reapply for DACA status, making her ineligible for government assistance, including food stamps and supplemental income, when she was released in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay, who lives in Fresno, slept in motels and sometimes even in cars, she recalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A glimmer of hope arrived in March 2020, when a judge granted Garibay full custody of her daughter after she proved that the ex-boyfriend, who was her daughter’s caretaker, was not providing a safe living environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as I saw my daughter, she ran towards me and I ran towards her,” said Garibay. “We just didn’t want to let it go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after winning custody, she and her daughter still had very little money and nowhere to live, so they had to seek support from the abusive ex-boyfriend, who helped pay for an illegal sublet in Shafter, a small farming town in the Central Valley, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are no other people that could help me out — so typical of a person who’s in an abusive relationship,” she said. “That toxic cycle continues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay ended up getting pregnant with the ex-boyfriend. Shortly after, they were evicted when the landlord found out they were illegally subletting, and Garibay took her daughter to live with a friend in Tehachapi. Garibay said that’s when she was diagnosed with depression and anxiety and started seeing a therapist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They saw how severe my depression was,” she said. “The thing that kept me going was my little girl. I need my little girl. My little girl needs me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11916835\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11916835\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Garibay.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"940\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Garibay.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Garibay-160x188.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Laura Garibay (left), with her daughter. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Laura Garibay)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://whopaysreport.org/who-pays-full-report/\">2015 study\u003c/a> found that half of formerly incarcerated people and their family members surveyed nationally experienced negative mental health impacts related to their incarceration, such as depression and anxiety; in California this \u003ca href=\"https://www.vera.org/downloads/pdfdownloads/state-incarceration-trends-california.pdf\">disproportionately hits Black and Latinx incarcerated people\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Garibay finally separated from her ex-boyfriend, she was 7 months pregnant. Again, she was homeless. But she was going to a support group, which eventually referred her to a reentry program called Root & Rebound, which provides services in the Bay Area, Los Angeles and the Central Valley. They helped her find a place to live in Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They said, you’re going to have to pack whatever you could fit in a car. That’s all we’re bringing,” she said. “We’re placing you in a program that has a lot of security. You’re going to be safe there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay was referred to another nonprofit program in Fresno called Rescue the Children, where she lived for 18 months and received clothing, housing and therapy. It’s common for women reentering society to have to seek out many different resources from different places because prisons and state governments don’t provide enough help, said Claudia Gonzalez, who works with Root & Rebound and helped Garibay navigate the resources available to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing is mandated. There’s no law stating that parole officers have to find resources for you,” said Gonzalez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay currently attends Fresno City College and is pursuing a career in the legal field. But she is still waiting for her DACA approval, which means she still can’t legally apply for jobs. Her college will stop paying for her housing in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What does this mean for me and my girls again?” she asked. “You know, it puts us back in a limbo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibay depends on scholarship money and small amounts of government assistance that her two daughters get since they are U.S. citizens. There are still days when her depression feels overwhelming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a 1-year-old and I have a 13-year-old that depend on me,” she said. “They have nobody else, and because of that reason, that’s the reason I push forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "As Nation Mourns Another Round of Mass Shootings, San Mateo County Residents Turn in Their Guns",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Area law enforcement groups are working to get guns off the streets through gun buyback programs — events where people can anonymously turn in guns for cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday in South San Francisco, the San Mateo County Sheriff's Office and other law enforcement agencies hosted the county's fifth gun buyback event, looking to expand on the collection of nearly 1,700 firearms from previous events going back to 2018.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Carlos Bolanos, San Mateo County Sheriff\"]'The purpose of the gun buyback program is to make the County of San Mateo safer for those who live and work here.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday's event saw a total of 392 firearms collected, including seven assault weapons and 12 \"ghost guns,\" the latter of which are untraceable. Once collected, all the weapons are melted down and disposed of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the nation mourns another round of mass shootings, hundreds of people showed up for the event and had various reasons for wanting to turn in their guns. Recent mass shootings in Oklahoma, New York and Texas have prompted citizens and politicians alike to renew their focus on gun control measures and violence prevention. According to the nonprofit organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.gunviolencearchive.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gun Violence Archive\u003c/a>, there have been at least 233 mass shootings in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Giacomini inherited an old hunting rifle from his grandfather and decided he wanted to get rid of the gun after he saw the news about the event.[aside postID=\"news_11899691,forum_2010101889376\" label=\"Related Post\"]“There could be an accident at home,” said Giacomini in the North County Courthouse parking lot in San Mateo. “One of my children could get access to it or something like that. I felt it was best and I don’t really hunt anymore, so it’s made sense to get rid of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wayne Clemons inherited two old rifles from his father-in-law when he and his wife moved into their home years ago. He decided to turn them in after there was a shooting in a park near his home last year in East Palo Alto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whoever did the shooting didn't care about the kids out here and killed somebody,\" said Clemons. \u003cem>\"\u003c/em>I was watching the news this morning and I said, man, I got two [guns] back here. Might as well get rid of them. I don't use them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11916099\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11916099\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man with sunglasses sits in his car with a fluffy steering wheel\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wayne Clemons from East Palo Alto sits in his car waiting to turn in two guns, both inherited from his father-in-law, on June 4. \u003ccite>(Annelise Finney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to San Mateo County Sheriff Carlos Bolanos, people can be paid $100 to $200 depending on the type of gun. He says sometimes guns can be hard to let go of, but people are now extra aware of how dangerous they can be, and many people could use the extra money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The purpose of the gun buyback program is to make the County of San Mateo safer for those who live and work here,\" said Bolanos. \"Many households in the county have unwanted, unused and unsecured guns. The purpose of the gun buyback is to get rid of guns, no questions asked. We are providing a place for people to come and dispose of them and get some money in return. We feel this will improve public safety in our county.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event included the South San Francisco and San Bruno police departments as well as the Citizens for a San Mateo County Gun Buyback. There was also a gun buyback event in Marin County on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were very fortunate that this past year, the Board of Supervisors in San Mateo County were able to allocate a significant part of some Measure K funding to support these [events] through 2023,\" said Al Comolli, a member of Citizens for a San Mateo County Gun Buyback. \"We've had a great response.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citizens for a San Mateo County Gun Buyback was formed in 2018 right after the school shooting in Parkland, Florida, to minimize the risk of gun-related suicides and gun violence in the county.\u003cem> \u003c/em>The five-member group contacted Sheriff Bolanos about creating a buyback program and began raising money in different cities to distribute at the events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional gun buyback events are planned for later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED's Annelise Finney, The Associated Press and Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Area law enforcement groups are working to get guns off the streets through gun buyback programs — events where people can anonymously turn in guns for cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday in South San Francisco, the San Mateo County Sheriff's Office and other law enforcement agencies hosted the county's fifth gun buyback event, looking to expand on the collection of nearly 1,700 firearms from previous events going back to 2018.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday's event saw a total of 392 firearms collected, including seven assault weapons and 12 \"ghost guns,\" the latter of which are untraceable. Once collected, all the weapons are melted down and disposed of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the nation mourns another round of mass shootings, hundreds of people showed up for the event and had various reasons for wanting to turn in their guns. Recent mass shootings in Oklahoma, New York and Texas have prompted citizens and politicians alike to renew their focus on gun control measures and violence prevention. According to the nonprofit organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.gunviolencearchive.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gun Violence Archive\u003c/a>, there have been at least 233 mass shootings in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Giacomini inherited an old hunting rifle from his grandfather and decided he wanted to get rid of the gun after he saw the news about the event.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There could be an accident at home,” said Giacomini in the North County Courthouse parking lot in San Mateo. “One of my children could get access to it or something like that. I felt it was best and I don’t really hunt anymore, so it’s made sense to get rid of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wayne Clemons inherited two old rifles from his father-in-law when he and his wife moved into their home years ago. He decided to turn them in after there was a shooting in a park near his home last year in East Palo Alto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whoever did the shooting didn't care about the kids out here and killed somebody,\" said Clemons. \u003cem>\"\u003c/em>I was watching the news this morning and I said, man, I got two [guns] back here. Might as well get rid of them. I don't use them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11916099\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11916099\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man with sunglasses sits in his car with a fluffy steering wheel\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS56447_Image-from-iOS-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wayne Clemons from East Palo Alto sits in his car waiting to turn in two guns, both inherited from his father-in-law, on June 4. \u003ccite>(Annelise Finney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to San Mateo County Sheriff Carlos Bolanos, people can be paid $100 to $200 depending on the type of gun. He says sometimes guns can be hard to let go of, but people are now extra aware of how dangerous they can be, and many people could use the extra money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The purpose of the gun buyback program is to make the County of San Mateo safer for those who live and work here,\" said Bolanos. \"Many households in the county have unwanted, unused and unsecured guns. The purpose of the gun buyback is to get rid of guns, no questions asked. We are providing a place for people to come and dispose of them and get some money in return. We feel this will improve public safety in our county.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event included the South San Francisco and San Bruno police departments as well as the Citizens for a San Mateo County Gun Buyback. There was also a gun buyback event in Marin County on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were very fortunate that this past year, the Board of Supervisors in San Mateo County were able to allocate a significant part of some Measure K funding to support these [events] through 2023,\" said Al Comolli, a member of Citizens for a San Mateo County Gun Buyback. \"We've had a great response.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citizens for a San Mateo County Gun Buyback was formed in 2018 right after the school shooting in Parkland, Florida, to minimize the risk of gun-related suicides and gun violence in the county.\u003cem> \u003c/em>The five-member group contacted Sheriff Bolanos about creating a buyback program and began raising money in different cities to distribute at the events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional gun buyback events are planned for later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED's Annelise Finney, The Associated Press and Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "napa-man-pleads-guilty-to-conspiring-to-destroy-ca-democratic-party-headquarters",
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"content": "\u003cp>One of two men \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11913965/plot-to-blow-up-democratic-headquarters-exposed-california-extremists-hiding-in-plain-sight\">charged with plotting to destroy the John L. Burton Democratic Headquarters in Sacramento\u003c/a> last year pled guilty to conspiracy and other related charges Friday in federal court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ian Rogers joined the hearing at the U.S. District Court in San Francisco via video feed from the Santa Rita Jail in Dublin where he was incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers pled guilty to conspiracy to destroy a building by fire or explosives, possession of unregistered destructive devices and possession of a machine gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the plea deal Rogers agreed to Friday, he faces seven to nine years in prison, followed by a three-year term of supervised release and $250,000 in fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before his 2021 arrest, Rogers owned British Auto Repair of the Napa Valley, and was known as a larger-than-life figure in the nearby business community. He was often seen lifting weights at a local gym with his friend and former employee Jarrod Copeland, who is a co-defendant in the case. Rogers posted pictures of himself on social media dressed in fatigues, and photos of his fast cars and his many guns, according to people who knew him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11913972\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11913972\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1260\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-800x525.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-1020x669.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-1536x1008.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ian Rogers and Jarrod Copeland planned to burn down the California Democratic Party headquarters building in Sacramento in text messages from November 2020. \u003ccite>(Juan Pablo Vazquez-Enriquez/Google Maps)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But others saw a more dangerous side to Rogers. In the fall of 2020, an anonymous tipster alerted the FBI and local law enforcement that Rogers was heavily armed and had threatened to kill someone. This person also said that Rogers was an outspoken supporter of then-president Donald Trump and might follow through on his threats if Trump lost the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers was arrested Jan. 15, 2021, after a joint task force found five pipe bombs in a safe at his auto shop and materials to build more explosives. Detectives also searched Roger’s Napa home and RV. All together they found roughly 50 guns in his possession, including machine guns and several guns that had been illegally modified to fire automatically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities also seized Rogers’ cellphone and discovered encrypted messages exchanged with his friend and former employee, Jarrod Copeland, discussing how to destroy the Democratic Party’s state headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland was taken into custody in Sacramento six months after Rogers. The 38-year-old pled no contest to conspiracy and destruction of records in an official proceeding, but the court has not yet set a sentencing date.[aside postID=\"news_11913965\" label=\"Related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of California issued a statement Friday describing the facts supporting charges against Rogers and Copeland for conspiring to destroy the California State Democratic Party headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rogers admitted in his plea agreement to viewing the building on the internet and sending a map of the location to Copeland,” U.S. Attorney Stephanie M. Hinds wrote. “The men also admitted to discussing the building’s proximity to a fire department and certain law enforcement in devising their plan, using that information to refine the method of attack to ensure they caused the greatest damage to the building while allowing their escape without detection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before accepting Rogers’ plea agreement, Judge Charles R. Breyer asked Rogers whether he believed that the government could prove his guilt based on the evidence gathered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers hesitated, then answered, “I can see how a jury would believe what the government is saying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later added that the plea agreement “doesn’t say anything about when I said those things, but I agree that I did communicate with my friend about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland have insisted their online discussion to blow up the building in Sacramento was just drunken banter and that they never intended to hurt anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914097\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11914097\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1.jpg\" alt=\"Missing from the caption description is that only Rogers' and Copeland's faces are not blurred; four additional people, three women and two men, have their faces blurred. Everyone in the picture is smiling, standing indoors under overhead lighting against a wood-paneled wall. Copeland has his arm around the woman standing in front of him, who holds his hand at her waist. Everyone is dressed casually, in T-shirts, tank tops, sunglasses, and baseball caps.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1484\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1-800x618.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1-1536x1187.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot posted to a now-defunct Facebook group shows Jarrod Copeland (back, left) and Ian Rogers (back, right) at a barbecue that members of 3UP, a ‘prepper group,’ attended. Copeland and Rogers are in federal custody, accused of plotting a mass casualty event. 3UP claimed to be a social club not affiliated with any militia groups such as the Three Percenters. One attendee (front, right) wears a shirt with the Three Percenters symbol on it (13 stars around a Roman numeral III) and holds up just three fingers of his left hand. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rogers had asked to read a statement at Friday’s hearing, according to his attorney Collin Cooper, but the judge denied the request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has accepted responsibility for his actions,” Cooper said, “and is seeking a chance for redemption and a chance, once he pays this penalty, to move forward with his life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorney expects Rogers will be given an opportunity to speak at his sentencing on September 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the plea deal, federal prosecutors agreed that Rogers may serve his federal sentence concurrently with a potential state sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The District Attorney of Napa County charged Rogers with 28 felony counts, including conspiracy and possession of illegal weapons. That case is expected to move forward after Rogers receives his federal sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Combatting a national rise in domestic violent extremist activity has become one of the FBI’s top priorities, according to Jon Blair, the assistant special agent in charge of counterterrorism at the FBI’s San Francisco field office, which investigated Rogers and Copeland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>“Anti-government anti-authority extremism is our highest-ranked threat right now, very closely followed by racially motivated violent extremists,” Blair told KQED in a recent interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Alex Hall contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The US Attorney's Office said Ian Rogers plotted to cause the greatest amount of damage possible to the California Democratic Party headquarters in Sacramento.",
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"title": "Napa Man Pleads Guilty to Conspiring to Destroy CA Democratic Party Headquarters | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of two men \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11913965/plot-to-blow-up-democratic-headquarters-exposed-california-extremists-hiding-in-plain-sight\">charged with plotting to destroy the John L. Burton Democratic Headquarters in Sacramento\u003c/a> last year pled guilty to conspiracy and other related charges Friday in federal court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ian Rogers joined the hearing at the U.S. District Court in San Francisco via video feed from the Santa Rita Jail in Dublin where he was incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers pled guilty to conspiracy to destroy a building by fire or explosives, possession of unregistered destructive devices and possession of a machine gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the plea deal Rogers agreed to Friday, he faces seven to nine years in prison, followed by a three-year term of supervised release and $250,000 in fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before his 2021 arrest, Rogers owned British Auto Repair of the Napa Valley, and was known as a larger-than-life figure in the nearby business community. He was often seen lifting weights at a local gym with his friend and former employee Jarrod Copeland, who is a co-defendant in the case. Rogers posted pictures of himself on social media dressed in fatigues, and photos of his fast cars and his many guns, according to people who knew him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11913972\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11913972\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1260\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-800x525.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-1020x669.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-1536x1008.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ian Rogers and Jarrod Copeland planned to burn down the California Democratic Party headquarters building in Sacramento in text messages from November 2020. \u003ccite>(Juan Pablo Vazquez-Enriquez/Google Maps)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But others saw a more dangerous side to Rogers. In the fall of 2020, an anonymous tipster alerted the FBI and local law enforcement that Rogers was heavily armed and had threatened to kill someone. This person also said that Rogers was an outspoken supporter of then-president Donald Trump and might follow through on his threats if Trump lost the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers was arrested Jan. 15, 2021, after a joint task force found five pipe bombs in a safe at his auto shop and materials to build more explosives. Detectives also searched Roger’s Napa home and RV. All together they found roughly 50 guns in his possession, including machine guns and several guns that had been illegally modified to fire automatically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities also seized Rogers’ cellphone and discovered encrypted messages exchanged with his friend and former employee, Jarrod Copeland, discussing how to destroy the Democratic Party’s state headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland was taken into custody in Sacramento six months after Rogers. The 38-year-old pled no contest to conspiracy and destruction of records in an official proceeding, but the court has not yet set a sentencing date.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of California issued a statement Friday describing the facts supporting charges against Rogers and Copeland for conspiring to destroy the California State Democratic Party headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rogers admitted in his plea agreement to viewing the building on the internet and sending a map of the location to Copeland,” U.S. Attorney Stephanie M. Hinds wrote. “The men also admitted to discussing the building’s proximity to a fire department and certain law enforcement in devising their plan, using that information to refine the method of attack to ensure they caused the greatest damage to the building while allowing their escape without detection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before accepting Rogers’ plea agreement, Judge Charles R. Breyer asked Rogers whether he believed that the government could prove his guilt based on the evidence gathered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers hesitated, then answered, “I can see how a jury would believe what the government is saying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later added that the plea agreement “doesn’t say anything about when I said those things, but I agree that I did communicate with my friend about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland have insisted their online discussion to blow up the building in Sacramento was just drunken banter and that they never intended to hurt anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914097\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11914097\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1.jpg\" alt=\"Missing from the caption description is that only Rogers' and Copeland's faces are not blurred; four additional people, three women and two men, have their faces blurred. Everyone in the picture is smiling, standing indoors under overhead lighting against a wood-paneled wall. Copeland has his arm around the woman standing in front of him, who holds his hand at her waist. Everyone is dressed casually, in T-shirts, tank tops, sunglasses, and baseball caps.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1484\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1-800x618.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/200809-IIIUP-BBQ-JarrodCopeland-IanRogers-AndSpouses-at-source-FB-post-1-1536x1187.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot posted to a now-defunct Facebook group shows Jarrod Copeland (back, left) and Ian Rogers (back, right) at a barbecue that members of 3UP, a ‘prepper group,’ attended. Copeland and Rogers are in federal custody, accused of plotting a mass casualty event. 3UP claimed to be a social club not affiliated with any militia groups such as the Three Percenters. One attendee (front, right) wears a shirt with the Three Percenters symbol on it (13 stars around a Roman numeral III) and holds up just three fingers of his left hand. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rogers had asked to read a statement at Friday’s hearing, according to his attorney Collin Cooper, but the judge denied the request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has accepted responsibility for his actions,” Cooper said, “and is seeking a chance for redemption and a chance, once he pays this penalty, to move forward with his life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorney expects Rogers will be given an opportunity to speak at his sentencing on September 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the plea deal, federal prosecutors agreed that Rogers may serve his federal sentence concurrently with a potential state sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The District Attorney of Napa County charged Rogers with 28 felony counts, including conspiracy and possession of illegal weapons. That case is expected to move forward after Rogers receives his federal sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Combatting a national rise in domestic violent extremist activity has become one of the FBI’s top priorities, according to Jon Blair, the assistant special agent in charge of counterterrorism at the FBI’s San Francisco field office, which investigated Rogers and Copeland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>“Anti-government anti-authority extremism is our highest-ranked threat right now, very closely followed by racially motivated violent extremists,” Blair told KQED in a recent interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Alex Hall contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-cops-who-racially-profile-unlawfully-use-force-or-commit-other-misconduct-could-soon-lose-their-badges-heres-how",
"title": "California Cops Who Racially Profile, Unlawfully Use Force or Commit Other Misconduct Could Soon Lose Their Badges. Here's How",
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"headTitle": "California Cops Who Racially Profile, Unlawfully Use Force or Commit Other Misconduct Could Soon Lose Their Badges. Here’s How | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A Contra Costa County Sheriff’s deputy fatally shot a mentally ill man fleeing from a traffic stop in 2018. The deputy received no discipline — although years later he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11893915/jury-convicts-police-officer-of-assault-in-2018-on-duty-shooting\">convicted of assault\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11907219/we-prayed-he-would-get-jail-time-ex-contra-costa-cop-gets-6-years-in-prison-for-killing-man-with-mental-illness\">sentenced to prison\u003c/a> for the shooting. A Fairfield police officer made a racist joke about “COVID-19 from China” and posted it to TikTok. That officer was suspended for a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting Jan. 1, 2023, cases like these might get kicked up to a state agency — the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) — for a level of review completely new to California: Was the officer’s misconduct egregious enough to take away their badge for good?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890615/newsom-signs-law-to-strip-badges-from-bad-officers\">the state passed Senate Bill 2\u003c/a>, giving POST the mandate to set up a system for decertifying police officers who commit serious misconduct so they can no longer be cops. On Wednesday, the commission voted on a \u003ca href=\"https://post.ca.gov/Regulatory-Actions\">series of regulations that start to flesh out how that process will work\u003c/a>. And they voted on a definition that’s key to this whole project: What is “serious misconduct?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Rick Braziel, vice chair, California's Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training\"]‘When we start lifting up rocks and looking underneath, we’re going to see a whole lot of things that are just messed up.’[/pullquote]POST will largely rely on California’s roughly 700 law enforcement agencies to interpret that definition and investigate officers accused of misconduct. How local departments do this will determine how effective the system for decertification can be. State police transparency laws \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/onourwatch\">have exposed significant issues and inconsistencies in how police police themselves\u003c/a> — findings that were \u003ca href=\"http://auditor.ca.gov/reports/2021-105/index.html\">echoed by a recent report from the state auditor\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s landmark police decertification law might wind up undermined by this flawed and fractured system — but it could also provide fresh opportunity for oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’re going to see a whole lot of unintended consequences of SB 2,” POST Vice Chair Rick Braziel said Wednesday. “We’re going to identify agencies who aren’t doing their IA [internal affairs] cases correctly. … When we start lifting up rocks and looking underneath, we’re going to see a whole lot of things that are just messed up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the bill passed last year, POST has been trying to navigate the high expectations of those who hope decertification will address gaps in police accountability, and concerns from law enforcement leaders that it will usurp their authority to discipline employee officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of misinformation out there,” said Jackie Nelson, the POST bureau chief in charge of implementing SB 2, in an interview. “Agencies think we’re going to become the internal affairs for the state, and that’s not the case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redlands Police Chief Chris Catren, who’s serving as president of the California Police Chiefs Association, said he’s concerned the law is too broad and “could apply to officers that have done what would otherwise be seen as minor misconduct, and then potentially put them in the crosshairs for decertification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these kinds of concerns in mind, POST has been refining the definition of “serious misconduct” for months, arguing over terms like “fitness,” “substantive” and “willful” in workshops and during long meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Serious Misconduct is an act or acts, or an omission or omissions, demonstrating a lack of fitness to serve as a peace officer in the State of California” is the catchall definition created and approved by the commission on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='police-misconduct']The commission also expanded and refined definitions for the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB2&showamends=false\">nine aspects of serious misconduct outlined in the law\u003c/a>: dishonesty, abuse of power, physical abuse, sexual assault, demonstrating bias, acts that violate the law and are sufficiently egregious, participation in a law enforcement gang, failure to cooperate with an investigation, and failure to intercede if another officer uses unnecessary force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public will be able to comment on these definitions next week, Nelson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, POST Executive Director Manny Alvarez said the agency is working hard to meet its January deadline for implementation. Its expanded $22.6 million budget was recently approved by Gov. Gavin Newsom. In July, the agency will ramp up hiring for 127 positions, nearly doubling the size of the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In light of the labor shortage and the tight timeline, Alvarez called this a “significant challenge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission also approved regulations Wednesday that outline a framework for reporting and reviewing allegations of serious misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All roads to officer decertification begin with a complaint or an allegation of misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A “disqualifying crime” in the flowchart below refers to \u003ca href=\"https://casetext.com/statute/california-codes/california-government-code/title-1-general/division-4-public-officers-and-employees/chapter-1-general/article-2-disqualifications-for-office-or-employment/section-1029-disqualification-from-holding-office-as-peace-officer\">any crime that would bar someone from serving as a police officer\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11915303\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1429px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11915303\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5.jpg\" alt=\"flow chart\" width=\"1429\" height=\"1439\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5.jpg 1429w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5-800x806.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5-1020x1027.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5-160x161.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1429px) 100vw, 1429px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This flowchart of the paths to decertification — when an officer is stripped of their badge for good — is based on the requirements of SB 2 and the new regulations, and does not include all possible routes to decertification. \u003ccite>(Anna Vignet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a TikTok video recorded early in the pandemic, Fairfield police officer Amanda Graham is sitting in the driver’s seat of a city police cruiser. A white surgical face mask hangs from the rearview mirror.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like your air freshener, what scent is that?” a trainee officer who is behind the camera asks Graham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, you like this?” Graham responds, leaning over and taking a deep whiff of the face mask. “COVID-19 from China,” she says, putting on an accent with the last word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 20, 2020, at least two residents saw the post and emailed the police department. KQED recently obtained these emails and the TikTok video from Fairfield under the expanded police transparency law that passed last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dear Chief, I hope you are as offended by the behavior of your officers as I am,” one of them reads. “The COVID-19 pandemic is not a joke and many people are impacted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11915352\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1100px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11915352\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1100\" height=\"784\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap.jpg 1100w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap-800x570.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap-1020x727.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap-160x114.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In a TikTok video that Fairfield police officer Amanda Graham was disciplined for, she makes a racist joke about ‘COVID-19 from China.’ \u003ccite>(Fairfield Police Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Initially, Graham’s supervisor planned to handle it with a written reprimand. But when the department realized that Graham had posted other videos on the site, it began a fuller investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a police department like Fairfield’s receives a complaint like the email about Officer Graham, it will have to determine whether what the complaint is alleging is “serious misconduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The TikTok video might qualify under biased conduct, but the agency would also weigh whether Graham’s conduct was “inconsistent with a peace officer’s obligations to carry out their duties in a fair and unbiased manner.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there are other ways cases can get to POST — civil lawsuits, complaints filed directly to POST, or media coverage — Nelson said that “a lot of it will be the agencies’ … I don’t want to say discretion … their interpretation if it meets the definition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some law enforcement departments in California might ignore a complaint like this entirely. A recent \u003ca href=\"http://auditor.ca.gov/reports/2021-105/index.html\">report from the state auditor\u003c/a> pointed out how departments prematurely dismiss complaints, and rely on the explanations of officers rather than other evidence when they’re looking into potentially biased conduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fairfield Police Captain Daniel Marshall told KQED in an email that the department couldn’t comment on whether a case like Graham’s would be reportable under SB 2 since the law is still being implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marshall wrote that his department takes biased misconduct seriously, even if it’s done as a joke. The police chief suspended Graham for one day, took away her training privileges for about seven weeks, and ordered her to attend training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have shared the information with some leaders of Fairfield’s communities of color and held tough conversations about the damage this sort of behavior can cause,” Marshall wrote, adding that Graham also understood “how this kind of behavior can affect community trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham did not respond to an email requesting comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Exonerated by a sheriff — convicted by a jury\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Graham’s conduct is near one end of the spectrum of police misconduct, the actions of Contra Costa County Deputy Andrew Hall, who fatally shot a mentally ill man named Laudemer Arboleda, falls near the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 2018, Arboleda led law enforcement on a low-speed car chase for about eight minutes after an attempted traffic stop. Hall tried to block Arboleda’s car with his own. He jumped out of his police car and into the path of Arboleda’s vehicle as the man tried to maneuver through the blockade. Hall fired multiple rounds through Arboleda’s windshield and window, killing him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, a jury \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11893915/jury-convicts-police-officer-of-assault-in-2018-on-duty-shooting\">convicted Hall of assault with a firearm\u003c/a>, and in March a judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11907219/we-prayed-he-would-get-jail-time-ex-contra-costa-cop-gets-6-years-in-prison-for-killing-man-with-mental-illness\">sentenced Hall to six years in prison\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11907219 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/BurrisArboledaHallPresser.jpg']But the internal investigation begun in 2018 by the Contra Costa County Sheriff’s department exonerated Hall. The deputy kept working for the sheriff for two more years, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11870567/video-footage-of-tyrell-wilson-killing-released-as-same-danville-officer-charged-in-another-death\">went on to fatally shoot Tyrell Wilson\u003c/a>, an unhoused Black man whose family says suffered from schizophrenia, in 2021. It was shortly after that second shooting that the district attorney pressed charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because Hall was convicted of a violent felony, under the new rules of SB 2 he would be eligible for decertification on Jan. 1, 2023. But, if he had not been criminally prosecuted, the sheriff would not have reported a case like this to POST because he didn’t think Hall was guilty of misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was proud to support him publicly and privately after the events of November 3, 2018, and I support him today,” Sheriff David Livingston wrote the day Hall was sentenced in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ktvu.com/news/contra-costa-county-sheriff-shows-disdain-for-judges-6-year-sentence-of-ex-deputy\">letter to his staff first reported on by KTVU\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In theory, this is not supposed to happen. The standard of evidence for an internal investigation — a “preponderance” of the evidence — is much lower than a criminal conviction — “beyond a reasonable doubt.” For decertification, the evidence of serious misconduct must be “clear and convincing,” which falls somewhere in between.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t on the jury. I didn’t hear all the evidence,” Catren, the California Police Chiefs Association president, said. “But those kinds of cases are naturally going to cause people concern in the community, because they’re saying, well, you know, the question always is right: ‘Who’s policing the police?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Catren said in certain cases it’s also important to give officers the chance to learn from their mistakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some things are painfully obvious, you know. Somebody goes in and intentionally lies in court, or they plant evidence, or there’s hard, clear evidence of biased policing,” Catren said. “But others aren’t going to be. So, things like a DUI, some departments might determine that that’s egregious enough, others may not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson, the POST bureau chief, said it’s not POST’s job to weigh in and say whether the discipline an officer received was insufficient or unfair. If cases like Graham’s or Hall’s do get reported to POST, after the agency completes its internal investigation, POST will decide to either move forward with decertification or not. In \u003ca href=\"https://post.ca.gov/Portals/0/post_docs/regulationnotices/2022/2022-13_TPRA.pdf\">certain cases\u003c/a>, POST may decide to do its own investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re taking the first bite out of this big monster, and we’re going to find a whole lot more work as we continue in this process,” Braziel, the POST vice chair, said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson said in an interview her team can’t be sure how many complaints will be reported to their new decertification division each year, but she has a rough estimate based on the \u003ca href=\"https://openjustice.doj.ca.gov/data-stories/civilians-complaints\">number of complaints reported to the Department of Justice\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They get approximately 16,000 annually,” she said. “We looked at those — we felt about 3,400 would equate to what we think is serious misconduct or for potentially decertifying information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson also said that later this year her team will be traveling to law enforcement agencies across the state to hold workshops and get everyone up to speed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We call it the road show,” she said. Nelson won’t just be training departments on decertification, but also on certification — how officers can get licensed in the state and what might disqualify them from a career in policing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it spans the life cycle of an officer’s career from beginning to end,” she said. “It’s huge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Contra Costa County Sheriff’s deputy fatally shot a mentally ill man fleeing from a traffic stop in 2018. The deputy received no discipline — although years later he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11893915/jury-convicts-police-officer-of-assault-in-2018-on-duty-shooting\">convicted of assault\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11907219/we-prayed-he-would-get-jail-time-ex-contra-costa-cop-gets-6-years-in-prison-for-killing-man-with-mental-illness\">sentenced to prison\u003c/a> for the shooting. A Fairfield police officer made a racist joke about “COVID-19 from China” and posted it to TikTok. That officer was suspended for a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting Jan. 1, 2023, cases like these might get kicked up to a state agency — the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) — for a level of review completely new to California: Was the officer’s misconduct egregious enough to take away their badge for good?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890615/newsom-signs-law-to-strip-badges-from-bad-officers\">the state passed Senate Bill 2\u003c/a>, giving POST the mandate to set up a system for decertifying police officers who commit serious misconduct so they can no longer be cops. On Wednesday, the commission voted on a \u003ca href=\"https://post.ca.gov/Regulatory-Actions\">series of regulations that start to flesh out how that process will work\u003c/a>. And they voted on a definition that’s key to this whole project: What is “serious misconduct?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>POST will largely rely on California’s roughly 700 law enforcement agencies to interpret that definition and investigate officers accused of misconduct. How local departments do this will determine how effective the system for decertification can be. State police transparency laws \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/onourwatch\">have exposed significant issues and inconsistencies in how police police themselves\u003c/a> — findings that were \u003ca href=\"http://auditor.ca.gov/reports/2021-105/index.html\">echoed by a recent report from the state auditor\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s landmark police decertification law might wind up undermined by this flawed and fractured system — but it could also provide fresh opportunity for oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’re going to see a whole lot of unintended consequences of SB 2,” POST Vice Chair Rick Braziel said Wednesday. “We’re going to identify agencies who aren’t doing their IA [internal affairs] cases correctly. … When we start lifting up rocks and looking underneath, we’re going to see a whole lot of things that are just messed up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the bill passed last year, POST has been trying to navigate the high expectations of those who hope decertification will address gaps in police accountability, and concerns from law enforcement leaders that it will usurp their authority to discipline employee officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of misinformation out there,” said Jackie Nelson, the POST bureau chief in charge of implementing SB 2, in an interview. “Agencies think we’re going to become the internal affairs for the state, and that’s not the case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redlands Police Chief Chris Catren, who’s serving as president of the California Police Chiefs Association, said he’s concerned the law is too broad and “could apply to officers that have done what would otherwise be seen as minor misconduct, and then potentially put them in the crosshairs for decertification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these kinds of concerns in mind, POST has been refining the definition of “serious misconduct” for months, arguing over terms like “fitness,” “substantive” and “willful” in workshops and during long meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Serious Misconduct is an act or acts, or an omission or omissions, demonstrating a lack of fitness to serve as a peace officer in the State of California” is the catchall definition created and approved by the commission on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The commission also expanded and refined definitions for the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB2&showamends=false\">nine aspects of serious misconduct outlined in the law\u003c/a>: dishonesty, abuse of power, physical abuse, sexual assault, demonstrating bias, acts that violate the law and are sufficiently egregious, participation in a law enforcement gang, failure to cooperate with an investigation, and failure to intercede if another officer uses unnecessary force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public will be able to comment on these definitions next week, Nelson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, POST Executive Director Manny Alvarez said the agency is working hard to meet its January deadline for implementation. Its expanded $22.6 million budget was recently approved by Gov. Gavin Newsom. In July, the agency will ramp up hiring for 127 positions, nearly doubling the size of the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In light of the labor shortage and the tight timeline, Alvarez called this a “significant challenge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission also approved regulations Wednesday that outline a framework for reporting and reviewing allegations of serious misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All roads to officer decertification begin with a complaint or an allegation of misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A “disqualifying crime” in the flowchart below refers to \u003ca href=\"https://casetext.com/statute/california-codes/california-government-code/title-1-general/division-4-public-officers-and-employees/chapter-1-general/article-2-disqualifications-for-office-or-employment/section-1029-disqualification-from-holding-office-as-peace-officer\">any crime that would bar someone from serving as a police officer\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11915303\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1429px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11915303\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5.jpg\" alt=\"flow chart\" width=\"1429\" height=\"1439\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5.jpg 1429w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5-800x806.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5-1020x1027.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/flowchart5-160x161.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1429px) 100vw, 1429px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This flowchart of the paths to decertification — when an officer is stripped of their badge for good — is based on the requirements of SB 2 and the new regulations, and does not include all possible routes to decertification. \u003ccite>(Anna Vignet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a TikTok video recorded early in the pandemic, Fairfield police officer Amanda Graham is sitting in the driver’s seat of a city police cruiser. A white surgical face mask hangs from the rearview mirror.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like your air freshener, what scent is that?” a trainee officer who is behind the camera asks Graham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, you like this?” Graham responds, leaning over and taking a deep whiff of the face mask. “COVID-19 from China,” she says, putting on an accent with the last word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 20, 2020, at least two residents saw the post and emailed the police department. KQED recently obtained these emails and the TikTok video from Fairfield under the expanded police transparency law that passed last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dear Chief, I hope you are as offended by the behavior of your officers as I am,” one of them reads. “The COVID-19 pandemic is not a joke and many people are impacted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11915352\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1100px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11915352\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1100\" height=\"784\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap.jpg 1100w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap-800x570.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap-1020x727.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/TikTokScreencap-160x114.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In a TikTok video that Fairfield police officer Amanda Graham was disciplined for, she makes a racist joke about ‘COVID-19 from China.’ \u003ccite>(Fairfield Police Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Initially, Graham’s supervisor planned to handle it with a written reprimand. But when the department realized that Graham had posted other videos on the site, it began a fuller investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a police department like Fairfield’s receives a complaint like the email about Officer Graham, it will have to determine whether what the complaint is alleging is “serious misconduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The TikTok video might qualify under biased conduct, but the agency would also weigh whether Graham’s conduct was “inconsistent with a peace officer’s obligations to carry out their duties in a fair and unbiased manner.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there are other ways cases can get to POST — civil lawsuits, complaints filed directly to POST, or media coverage — Nelson said that “a lot of it will be the agencies’ … I don’t want to say discretion … their interpretation if it meets the definition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some law enforcement departments in California might ignore a complaint like this entirely. A recent \u003ca href=\"http://auditor.ca.gov/reports/2021-105/index.html\">report from the state auditor\u003c/a> pointed out how departments prematurely dismiss complaints, and rely on the explanations of officers rather than other evidence when they’re looking into potentially biased conduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fairfield Police Captain Daniel Marshall told KQED in an email that the department couldn’t comment on whether a case like Graham’s would be reportable under SB 2 since the law is still being implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marshall wrote that his department takes biased misconduct seriously, even if it’s done as a joke. The police chief suspended Graham for one day, took away her training privileges for about seven weeks, and ordered her to attend training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have shared the information with some leaders of Fairfield’s communities of color and held tough conversations about the damage this sort of behavior can cause,” Marshall wrote, adding that Graham also understood “how this kind of behavior can affect community trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham did not respond to an email requesting comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Exonerated by a sheriff — convicted by a jury\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Graham’s conduct is near one end of the spectrum of police misconduct, the actions of Contra Costa County Deputy Andrew Hall, who fatally shot a mentally ill man named Laudemer Arboleda, falls near the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 2018, Arboleda led law enforcement on a low-speed car chase for about eight minutes after an attempted traffic stop. Hall tried to block Arboleda’s car with his own. He jumped out of his police car and into the path of Arboleda’s vehicle as the man tried to maneuver through the blockade. Hall fired multiple rounds through Arboleda’s windshield and window, killing him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, a jury \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11893915/jury-convicts-police-officer-of-assault-in-2018-on-duty-shooting\">convicted Hall of assault with a firearm\u003c/a>, and in March a judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11907219/we-prayed-he-would-get-jail-time-ex-contra-costa-cop-gets-6-years-in-prison-for-killing-man-with-mental-illness\">sentenced Hall to six years in prison\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But the internal investigation begun in 2018 by the Contra Costa County Sheriff’s department exonerated Hall. The deputy kept working for the sheriff for two more years, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11870567/video-footage-of-tyrell-wilson-killing-released-as-same-danville-officer-charged-in-another-death\">went on to fatally shoot Tyrell Wilson\u003c/a>, an unhoused Black man whose family says suffered from schizophrenia, in 2021. It was shortly after that second shooting that the district attorney pressed charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because Hall was convicted of a violent felony, under the new rules of SB 2 he would be eligible for decertification on Jan. 1, 2023. But, if he had not been criminally prosecuted, the sheriff would not have reported a case like this to POST because he didn’t think Hall was guilty of misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was proud to support him publicly and privately after the events of November 3, 2018, and I support him today,” Sheriff David Livingston wrote the day Hall was sentenced in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ktvu.com/news/contra-costa-county-sheriff-shows-disdain-for-judges-6-year-sentence-of-ex-deputy\">letter to his staff first reported on by KTVU\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In theory, this is not supposed to happen. The standard of evidence for an internal investigation — a “preponderance” of the evidence — is much lower than a criminal conviction — “beyond a reasonable doubt.” For decertification, the evidence of serious misconduct must be “clear and convincing,” which falls somewhere in between.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t on the jury. I didn’t hear all the evidence,” Catren, the California Police Chiefs Association president, said. “But those kinds of cases are naturally going to cause people concern in the community, because they’re saying, well, you know, the question always is right: ‘Who’s policing the police?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Catren said in certain cases it’s also important to give officers the chance to learn from their mistakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some things are painfully obvious, you know. Somebody goes in and intentionally lies in court, or they plant evidence, or there’s hard, clear evidence of biased policing,” Catren said. “But others aren’t going to be. So, things like a DUI, some departments might determine that that’s egregious enough, others may not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson, the POST bureau chief, said it’s not POST’s job to weigh in and say whether the discipline an officer received was insufficient or unfair. If cases like Graham’s or Hall’s do get reported to POST, after the agency completes its internal investigation, POST will decide to either move forward with decertification or not. In \u003ca href=\"https://post.ca.gov/Portals/0/post_docs/regulationnotices/2022/2022-13_TPRA.pdf\">certain cases\u003c/a>, POST may decide to do its own investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re taking the first bite out of this big monster, and we’re going to find a whole lot more work as we continue in this process,” Braziel, the POST vice chair, said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson said in an interview her team can’t be sure how many complaints will be reported to their new decertification division each year, but she has a rough estimate based on the \u003ca href=\"https://openjustice.doj.ca.gov/data-stories/civilians-complaints\">number of complaints reported to the Department of Justice\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They get approximately 16,000 annually,” she said. “We looked at those — we felt about 3,400 would equate to what we think is serious misconduct or for potentially decertifying information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson also said that later this year her team will be traveling to law enforcement agencies across the state to hold workshops and get everyone up to speed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We call it the road show,” she said. Nelson won’t just be training departments on decertification, but also on certification — how officers can get licensed in the state and what might disqualify them from a career in policing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it spans the life cycle of an officer’s career from beginning to end,” she said. “It’s huge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hours after a deadly elementary school shooting in Texas, California senators on Tuesday approved giving people the power to sue those who traffic in illegal firearms, mimicking a Texas law that is intended to deter abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom sought the bill as a gibe to the U.S. Supreme Court after the justices gave preliminary approval to a Texas law allowing people to go after those who provide or assist in providing abortions. The California bill would automatically be invalidated if the Texas law is eventually ruled unconstitutional.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Democratic Sen. Anthony Portantino\"]‘Increasing gun violence in California is not an indictment of tough laws. It is a wake-up call for adopting even more prudent gun laws to [deter] these latest illegal weapons.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Sen. Anthony Portantino pointed to the Texas shooting, where \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/uvalde-school-shooting-live-updates-272c7a5db6413da5022652013a2521da\">at least 19 children were killed\u003c/a>. He said California should use Texas’ abortion law as a model for good. “Let’s use that plan for something that keeps us safe, and not something that punishes women,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California version would \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB1327\">allow people to file civil lawsuits against anyone who distributes illegal assault weapons\u003c/a>, parts that can be used to build weapons, guns without serial numbers, or .50-caliber rifles. They would be awarded at least $10,000 in civil damages for each weapon, plus attorneys fees.[aside postID=\"news_11910332,news_11913751,news_11911639\" label=\"Related Posts\"]The move comes in the wake of recent mass shootings, including the Texas school, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/buffalo-supermarket-shooting-442c6d97a073f39f99d006dbba40f64b\">a grocery store in Buffalo, New York\u003c/a>, and elsewhere, including what police call a gang-related shoot-out that killed six people and wounded 12 \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-california-sacramento-crime-gun-politics-1d199428230e554f8f93ce01d0451945\">within blocks of the California state Capitol\u003c/a> last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from the political statement, proponents said the measure addresses a so-far intractable problem of deterring the use of homemade or untraceable “ghost” guns. The problem is growing rapidly even though California already has some of the nation’s strictest firearms rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Increasing gun violence in California is not an indictment of tough laws. It is a wake-up call for adopting even more prudent gun laws to [deter] these latest illegal weapons,” Portantino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gun owners’ organizations and even some gun control advocates have questioned the wisdom of creating what amounts to a bounty to encourage people to bring civil actions to punish crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But only Republican Sen. Andreas Borgeas spoke against the bill, saying that legislators should empower law enforcement to act against those who have guns illegally. He supported other measures, like requiring that guns have serial numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The private right of action, however, I think is taking this bill way too far,” he said, because it would encourage lawsuits by plaintiffs’ attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure passed on a 24-10 vote, with Democratic Sen. Melissa Hurtado joining Republicans in opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senators approved three other gun control bills, sending them all to the state Assembly over the opposition of Republican lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One would require schools to annually send parents information on the safe storage of firearms and immediately report threats of mass violence. But Portantino \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/shootings-education-california-gun-politics-legislature-aeefd7a39433abc05fbd5a4ffc80d5a0\">removed the most controversial provision\u003c/a>, which would have required parents to report gun ownership to school officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second would \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB915\">bar gun shows on state property\u003c/a>, with Democratic Sen. Dave Min arguing the state should not be abetting firearm sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third, also by Min, would require dealers to install safeguards to deter illegal gun sales and thefts, including \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB1384\">digital video surveillance\u003c/a> systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Sen. Anthony Portantino pointed to the Texas shooting, where \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/uvalde-school-shooting-live-updates-272c7a5db6413da5022652013a2521da\">at least 19 children were killed\u003c/a>. He said California should use Texas’ abortion law as a model for good. “Let’s use that plan for something that keeps us safe, and not something that punishes women,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California version would \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB1327\">allow people to file civil lawsuits against anyone who distributes illegal assault weapons\u003c/a>, parts that can be used to build weapons, guns without serial numbers, or .50-caliber rifles. They would be awarded at least $10,000 in civil damages for each weapon, plus attorneys fees.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The move comes in the wake of recent mass shootings, including the Texas school, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/buffalo-supermarket-shooting-442c6d97a073f39f99d006dbba40f64b\">a grocery store in Buffalo, New York\u003c/a>, and elsewhere, including what police call a gang-related shoot-out that killed six people and wounded 12 \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-california-sacramento-crime-gun-politics-1d199428230e554f8f93ce01d0451945\">within blocks of the California state Capitol\u003c/a> last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from the political statement, proponents said the measure addresses a so-far intractable problem of deterring the use of homemade or untraceable “ghost” guns. The problem is growing rapidly even though California already has some of the nation’s strictest firearms rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Increasing gun violence in California is not an indictment of tough laws. It is a wake-up call for adopting even more prudent gun laws to [deter] these latest illegal weapons,” Portantino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gun owners’ organizations and even some gun control advocates have questioned the wisdom of creating what amounts to a bounty to encourage people to bring civil actions to punish crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But only Republican Sen. Andreas Borgeas spoke against the bill, saying that legislators should empower law enforcement to act against those who have guns illegally. He supported other measures, like requiring that guns have serial numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The private right of action, however, I think is taking this bill way too far,” he said, because it would encourage lawsuits by plaintiffs’ attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure passed on a 24-10 vote, with Democratic Sen. Melissa Hurtado joining Republicans in opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senators approved three other gun control bills, sending them all to the state Assembly over the opposition of Republican lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One would require schools to annually send parents information on the safe storage of firearms and immediately report threats of mass violence. But Portantino \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/shootings-education-california-gun-politics-legislature-aeefd7a39433abc05fbd5a4ffc80d5a0\">removed the most controversial provision\u003c/a>, which would have required parents to report gun ownership to school officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second would \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB915\">bar gun shows on state property\u003c/a>, with Democratic Sen. Dave Min arguing the state should not be abetting firearm sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third, also by Min, would require dealers to install safeguards to deter illegal gun sales and thefts, including \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB1384\">digital video surveillance\u003c/a> systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On June 7, San Francisco voters will determine whether the city’s top prosecutor will keep his job or be recalled. Those who want to remove \u003c/span>\u003cb>District Attorney Chesa Boudin \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">from office say his policies are too soft on crime and that San Francisco has become unsafe. But many who support Boudin say he is being unfairly blamed for car break-ins, thefts and overdoses, and that a recall won’t solve the city’s problems.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Extremists Allegedly Plotted to Blow Up Democratic Headquarters\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A special KQED investigation dives into the story of two Northern California men who are currently in federal custody on charges of conspiracy to blow up Democratic headquarters in Sacramento. One was a successful Napa business owner, and the other was a friend of his. What fueled their plot? And are they alone in their extremist views?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alex Hall, KQED Central Valley reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Julie Small, KQED criminal justice reporter \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: San Jos\u003c/b>\u003cb>é\u003c/b>\u003cb> Walls\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week’s Something Beautiful is a look at San Jos\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">é\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Walls, a public art corridor along the Guadalupe River Trail. This year, this outdoor studio features several new murals at different sites, featuring an array of local artists as diverse as San Jos\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">é\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> itself. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "SF DA Chesa Boudin | CA Extremists | KQED",
"description": "San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin On June 7, San Francisco voters will determine whether the city's top prosecutor will keep his job or be recalled. Those who want to remove District Attorney Chesa Boudin from office say his policies are too soft on crime and that San Francisco has become unsafe. But many who support Boudin say he is being unfairly blamed for car break-ins, thefts and overdoses, and that a recall won't solve the city's problems. California Extremists Allegedly Plotted to Blow Up Democratic Headquarters A special KQED investigation dives into the story of two Northern California men",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On June 7, San Francisco voters will determine whether the city’s top prosecutor will keep his job or be recalled. Those who want to remove \u003c/span>\u003cb>District Attorney Chesa Boudin \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">from office say his policies are too soft on crime and that San Francisco has become unsafe. But many who support Boudin say he is being unfairly blamed for car break-ins, thefts and overdoses, and that a recall won’t solve the city’s problems.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Extremists Allegedly Plotted to Blow Up Democratic Headquarters\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A special KQED investigation dives into the story of two Northern California men who are currently in federal custody on charges of conspiracy to blow up Democratic headquarters in Sacramento. One was a successful Napa business owner, and the other was a friend of his. What fueled their plot? And are they alone in their extremist views?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alex Hall, KQED Central Valley reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Julie Small, KQED criminal justice reporter \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: San Jos\u003c/b>\u003cb>é\u003c/b>\u003cb> Walls\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week’s Something Beautiful is a look at San Jos\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">é\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Walls, a public art corridor along the Guadalupe River Trail. This year, this outdoor studio features several new murals at different sites, featuring an array of local artists as diverse as San Jos\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">é\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> itself. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Plot to Blow Up Democratic Headquarters Exposed California Extremists Hiding in Plain Sight",
"title": "Plot to Blow Up Democratic Headquarters Exposed California Extremists Hiding in Plain Sight",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]Y[/dropcap]ears before law enforcement seized the contents of Ian Rogers’ safe, he earned a reputation as a talented mechanic and successful Napa Valley business owner. Rogers catered to an elite clientele of Jaguar, Land Rover and Rolls-Royce owners inside a garage off Napa’s main drag, a street spotted with boutiques and high-end bed and breakfasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 47-year-old from Sonoma County, who appeared to have a passion for guns, according to Facebook posts where he dissed prominent Democrats, was also a loving husband and father who paid his bills on time, according to his family and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fall of 2020, in the weeks after Joe Biden was declared the next president of the United States, Rogers sent an ominous text to someone he trusted, according to court records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ok bro we need to hit the enemy in the mouth,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014785-copeland-rogers-motion-to-detain-public\">he messaged\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah so we punch Soros,” Rogers’ former employee and gym buddy, Jarrod Copeland, texted back, referring to billionaire investor George Soros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland, a Kentucky native, had been a mechanic at Rogers’ shop nearly a decade earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think right now we attack democrats. They’re offices etc. Molotov cocktails and gasoline,” Rogers continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland replied, “We need more people bro. Gonna be hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after Thanksgiving, the chatter kindled a plan. \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014785-copeland-rogers-motion-to-detain-public\">Text messages contained in court records\u003c/a> show the two men agreed to burn down the headquarters of the California Democratic Party in Sacramento, a building diagonal to the California Highway Patrol office tasked with protecting state lawmakers and daily visitors to the Capitol. Also nearby: a youth center, a gym and a popular bookstore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: sent link to the address of the California Democratic Party office…\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: Right next to CHP\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: gotta be cautious\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Only takes 3 minutes\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Take a brick break a window pour gas in and light\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The two men texted that they hoped hitting that particular target would send a message and ignite a movement. They viewed themselves as action-film heroes, referencing “The Expendables,” a popular movie franchise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Scare the whole country\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Can you imagine cnn covering this haha !\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: I’ll leave a envelope with our demands and intentions\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Basically saying we declare war on the Democratic Party and all traitors to the republic.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: That’s some expendables stuff.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: We need to send a message\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: Yep I agree\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Start a movement\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>On Jan. 8, 2021, the two acknowledged they might die carrying out their plan. Rogers asked Copeland if he was ready to leave his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: What I’m talking about we probably will die unfortunately\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: She was crying yesterday and said to me “please don’t leave me I don’t know what to do without you” she was rubbing my back while I was watching...\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: She knows how i run and she knows I will put myself in harms way for what I believe in\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>It never came to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland were arrested in January and July of 2021, respectively, according to court records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two are charged in federal court with conspiracy to destroy by fire or explosive a building used in interstate commerce, with Copeland facing an additional charge of destruction of records in official proceedings for allegedly destroying evidence of his communication with Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11913972\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11913972\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ.jpg\" alt=\"entrance of California Democratic Party headquarters\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1260\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-1020x669.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-1536x1008.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ian Rogers and Jarrod Copeland planned to burn down the California Democratic Party headquarters building in Sacramento in text messages in November 2020. \u003ccite>(Juan Pablo Vazquez-Enriquez/Google Maps)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Napa County District Attorney’s Office also is prosecuting Rogers, for 28 felony counts over the numerous pipe bombs, and unregistered assault rifles authorities allegedly discovered inside his business, home and RV. He is also being charged with converting firearms into machine guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the case goes to trial, Rogers faces a statutory maximum of 45 years in prison. Copeland faces a statutory maximum of 25 years, if convicted on all charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their attorneys have been negotiating plea bargains over their alleged involvement for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland has entered a no-contest plea and is awaiting sentencing, his attorney, John Ambrosio, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s going to pay his debt and he’s taken responsibility,” Ambrosio added. “And we’re just waiting to see exactly what his punishment is going to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Part of a surge in domestic extremism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland’s case is part of a surge in violent extremist activity the FBI is investigating in Northern California and throughout the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2009-title18/html/USCODE-2009-title18-partI-chap113B-sec2331.htm\">defines domestic terrorism\u003c/a> as “acts dangerous to human life” that violate state or federal criminal law, and appear to be an attempt to “influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion” or “affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the spring of 2020, the number of FBI investigations of suspected domestic extremists has more than doubled, according to the U.S. Department of Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just over a year after hundreds of people stormed the United States Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, in an attempt to stop the certification of the presidential election, the DOJ announced it was creating a special unit to address “the threat posed by domestic extremism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department arrested and charged more than 725 people for their alleged involvement in the insurrection. KQED found that at least 40 were from California, including Evan Neumann, a Mill Valley resident charged with 14 counts, including assaulting Capitol police. Neumann fled to Europe, crossing through prewar Ukraine and successfully claiming asylum in Belarus, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/23/evan-neumann-belarus-capitol-riot-asylum-ukraine/\">according to The Washington Post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11904864 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Carrillo-van-oakland-1020x631.jpg']In February, a sergeant at Travis Air Force Base allegedly aligned with \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2021/01/27/who-are-boogaloos-who-were-visible-capitol-and-later-rallies\">boogaloo\u003c/a> adherents in Turlock, part of a loose-knit anti-government group trying to ignite a civil war, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11904864/ex-air-force-sergeant-pleads-guilty-to-killing-federal-guard-in-oakland-during-george-floyd-protests\">entered a guilty plea\u003c/a> for gunning down a federal officer in Oakland during a 2020 protest over police violence. He's also accused of murdering a Santa Cruz County Sheriff’s deputy a week later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just last month, an Orange County man was arrested for allegedly threatening to bomb the headquarters of Merriam-Webster, the dictionary publisher, because he was upset by the company’s definition of “female.” According to The Washington Post, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2022/04/25/merriam-webster-gender-death-threats/\">the man has allegedly been sending threatening messages since 2014\u003c/a>, and the FBI interviewed him in 2015 and in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid growing concerns of potential extremist violence, the FBI and local police \u003ca href=\"https://account.modbee.com/paywall/subscriber-only?resume=259694010&intcid=ab_archive\">recently held a town hall in Modesto\u003c/a>, urging residents to report possible domestic extremist threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>United by rage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to understand why two Bay Area men allegedly conspired to blow up a Sacramento building, KQED’s reporters visited the places where Rogers and Copeland worked, reviewed hundreds of pages of court documents and public records and interviewed more than a dozen people, including family members. Copeland and Rogers' attorneys refused requests to interview their clients, pending a final decision in their case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What emerged is a portrait of friends united by rage who found community within an obscure anti-government militia. But one kept his affiliation quiet, while the other proudly displayed his allegiance with a bumper sticker on his truck. Together, they allegedly hatched a violent plan that they hoped would spark more violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jon Blair, the assistant special agent in charge of counterterrorism at the FBI’s San Francisco field office, which investigated Rogers and Copeland, would not comment on the case, but said it’s not just the number of incidents that has gone up in California, but also the number of people involved and the severity of violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are actors who are predisposed towards these acts of violence, who are violating federal law and who are adhering to ideology,” Blair said. “They didn’t just come into existence after 2020, right? I do think they were a little more emboldened now because the rhetoric has become so pervasive and so loud in our culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jon Blair, FBI assistant special agent in charge of counterterrorism\"]'We are getting more reports from individuals who happen to be near people who are spewing the ideology and taking steps towards ... violent acts, saying, 'No, not here, not on my turf, not around me.'[/pullquote]The Southern Poverty Law Center, \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/hate-map\">which tracks hate groups throughout the country\u003c/a>, has identified 45 currently active anti-government groups in California, including four militias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, chapters of other groups — including III% United Patriots, III% Defense Militia, California Three Percenters, the original Three Percenters, Oath Keepers and West Coast Patriots — all have been active in California, according to the nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland joined one of those, according to court records and screenshots obtained by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time of his arrest, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21474115-rogers-motion-to-increase-bail-declaration\">Rogers told law enforcement\u003c/a> he was a member of a “prepper group” called 3UP, a California offshoot of the Three Percenters, court filings show. Detectives also found a bumper sticker on one of Rogers’ vehicles of the III% symbol: three lines encircled by 13 stars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Three Percenters, according to the Southern Poverty Law Center, represent a sub-ideology of the broader anti-government militia movement, and some California members were \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/three-percenters-militia-members-charged-us-capitol-attack-2021-06-10/\">charged for participating in the January 6 insurrection\u003c/a>. Three Percenters believe the unproven assertion that just 3% of colonists defeated the English during the American Revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3UP claimed to be a social club not affiliated with any militia, according to Facebook screenshots. When a reporter reached one member in Milpitas by phone, he said “no comment” and hung up the phone. Calls to a number of other members were not immediately returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland also was a member of 3UP, according to prosecutors. Screenshots of a now-defunct private Facebook group for Bay Area members showed Copeland as a member. A photograph posted to the page on Aug. 9, 2020, showed Rogers and Copeland with their wives at a barbecue that other members of 3UP attended, according to a screenshot shared with a KQED reporter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s nothing illegal about socializing with members of a so-called “prepper group,” purchasing tactical equipment and believing the government should be overthrown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the FBI’s strategy for combatting terrorism focuses on thwarting attacks before they happen — a concept the agency refers to as “left of boom” — the agency cannot interfere with people exercising their constitutional rights to voice their anger at elected officials and political parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Blair said, the agency does not investigate groups — only individuals who break the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t care what you believe, because we’re not allowed to care what you believe, no matter how reprehensible those beliefs may be,” said Blair. “It’s only if your beliefs or your ideology are motivating you to commit an act of violence — that’s when you would suddenly become of concern to us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blair said the FBI relies on tips to identify potential threats. He thinks more people are reporting extreme rhetoric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people who are looking left and right and realizing that this is not necessarily the world we want to live in,” Blair surmised. “I think we are getting more reports from individuals who happen to be near people who are spewing the ideology and taking steps towards those violent acts, saying, ‘No, not here, not on my turf, not around me.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A 'one-man militia'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>An anonymous tipster urged the FBI to look into Rogers’ behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A KQED reporter was able to contact the individual who reported Rogers and confirm that the two had once been friends. According to the tipster, they shared a love for exotic cars and guns and had both voted for Donald Trump in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in 2019, Rogers began to threaten violence, often seething with rage and lashing out at people around him, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1125px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11914068\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle.jpg\" alt=\"man wearing military fatigues and sunglasses outdoors smiles as he holds what appears to be an assault rifle\" width=\"1125\" height=\"941\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle.jpg 1125w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle-800x669.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle-1020x853.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle-160x134.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1125px) 100vw, 1125px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This screenshot from Facebook of Ian Rogers holding a rifle was included on an SD card an informer provided to the FBI in September 2020. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The informer began documenting Rogers’ behavior. In September of 2020, he mailed an envelope to the San Francisco field office of the FBI. Inside was an SD card with screenshots of Rogers’ social media posts and a video of Rogers firing an AK-47 at a shooting range previously owned by Craig Bock, a prominent member of the Three Percenter movement, according to a lawsuit filed by Bock’s family after county officials revoked their lease for the shooting range, and to \u003ca href=\"https://www.vallejosun.com/solano-county-gun-club-twin-sisters-three-percenters/\">reporting by The Vallejo Sun\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tipster also emailed the Napa County Sheriff’s Office, warning that Rogers was “deranged” and “a one-man militia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpt from the tipster’s email \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21474115-rogers-motion-to-increase-bail-declaration\">was contained in a Napa County Superior Court filing\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014620-rogers-motion-to-increase-bail-declaration\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11914074\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1638\" height=\"972\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM.png 1638w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM-800x475.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM-1020x605.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM-160x95.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM-1536x911.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1638px) 100vw, 1638px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Napa County Sheriff’s Office and the FBI jointly investigated Rogers, according to a declaration by a county detective filed as part of a motion opposing Rogers’ bail. In November of 2020, authorities learned that Rogers had sold his home in American Canyon, a city about 10 miles south of Napa, and was flush with cash, according to the motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Jan. 15, just nine days after the insurrection at the U.S. Capitol, sheriff’s deputies detained Rogers at a traffic stop in downtown Napa and served him with search warrants for his home and auto-repair shop, according to court papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside a safe in Rogers’ office, law enforcement discovered five brick-sized pipe bombs, along with raw materials “that could be used to manufacture destructive devices, including black powder, pipes, endcaps,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22012703-210126-usa-v-rogers-complaint\">according to a federal criminal complaint\u003c/a>. There was “a Nazi flag and a Nazi dagger with markings from the Elite SS in Hitler’s army,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22011350-210510-rogers-napa-da-motion-to-deny-bail\">according to a separate court filing\u003c/a>. The safe also contained a “White Privilege Card,” according to an FBI affidavit and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22012703-210126-usa-v-rogers-complaint\">federal complaint\u003c/a> against Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11914106\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/WhitePrivelegeCard.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/WhitePrivelegeCard.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/WhitePrivelegeCard-160x116.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of the 'White Privilege Card' found in Ian Rogers' safe, included in the federal complaint against him. \u003ccite>(U.S. District Court)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a storage closet, deputies found, according to records, “numerous rifles, including some that were fully automatic and some that had been modified to operate as machine guns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also found seven manuals on bomb making and survival tactics, including one called “The Anarchist Cookbook” and another titled “Homemade C-4,” an explosive material; approximately 15,000 rounds of ammunition; a homemade silencer; and “go bags” with body armor and bulletproof face shields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens more guns were found, unsecured, inside his home and RV. All told, officers collected 54 guns — including eight assault weapons considered illegal in California, according to the Napa County District Attorney. Rogers was arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers’ friends and family said he liked to pump iron, shoot semi-automatic rifles and drive fast cars. They also commented that he had used steroids to bulk up his 5’11” frame to 200 pounds in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one \u003ca href=\"https://sfist.com/2021/07/16/napa-man-with-white-privilege-card-and-accomplice/\">Facebook photo that went viral after his arrest\u003c/a>, Rogers sits at the wheel of his DeLorean, the gull-wing door raised, his muscular arms bulging under a cutoff T-shirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11914001\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean.jpg\" alt=\"man wearing camo shirt with bare arms and visible Nazi-esque eagle tattoo sits at wheel of Delorean car with door open\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1289\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean-800x537.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean-1020x685.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean-1536x1031.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ian Rogers sits at the wheel of his DeLorean in a Facebook photo that went viral after his arrest in 2021. The photo shows his tattoo resembling a Nazi eagle. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rogers has a tattoo on his upper left arm of an eagle that resembles the Nazi eagle, which he made no effort to hide. He is wearing camouflage fatigues and his hair is cropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers learned how to fix cars in his father’s repair shop in Sonoma County when he was young. In 2005, he and his first wife, Julie Crisci, opened British Auto Repair in Napa. Rogers catered to wine country residents of diverse ethnic backgrounds who praised his mechanical skills and professionalism in dozens of online reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But two witnesses told KQED they heard Rogers use racist slurs to refer to clients. Those individuals said he expressed rage toward people of other races.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A longtime Napa resident, who asked to remain anonymous for fear of retribution, described one of Rogers’ tirades: “He was just stomping around, you know, ‘these mother****ing’ — you know, dropping N-bombs — ‘with their stupid’ — just like, like flexing, just flipping out. Other times you just hear him screaming about whatever — the Jews or, you know, Nancy Pelosi.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said Rogers told people he named his German shepherd “Fritz” after Hitler’s personal dog handler, Fritz Tornow. Rogers also built a working MG 42, a machine gun that Allied troops nicknamed “Hitler’s Buzzsaw” because of the noise it made spewing 1,200-1,500 rounds of ammunition per minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s a bad dude,” the Napa resident said. “He’s going to get what he deserves, hopefully. But, he’ll also be some sort of martyr for extremists.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914113\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11914113\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersPipeBombs.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"504\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersPipeBombs.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersPipeBombs-160x101.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The five pipe bombs seized at Rogers' auto repair shop 'were fully operational and could cause great bodily harm or injury,' according to a Napa County Sheriff's Office bomb technician in the federal complaint against Rogers. \u003ccite>(US District Court)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rogers also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22011730-210120-rogers-crisci-texts-exhibit2\">used racist slurs to describe his former Asian American neighbors in text messages to Crisci\u003c/a> that were included in court filings. On Sept. 16, 2019, he wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate this town I’ll be happier away from the [N-word]. I’m sick of my stupid [racist slur for people of Korean descent] neighbors. I can’t forgive them for calling the cops on my numerous times over bullshit. Neighbors should have your back and they are backstabbers. Typical Asian assholes, they only care about themselvs and they’re families. I hate Asians they are rude and dishonest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A business acquaintance of Rogers said he never heard him use racist language. Cliff Marden, who sold auto-repair tools to Rogers for over a decade, described his client as opinionated, but not violent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ian is not a terrorist by any means. He’s not a threat to the public,” Marden said when reached by phone. “He was a businessman and he was an outstanding person and individual of the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marden said Rogers got in trouble because he said the wrong things at the wrong time, but never would have acted on those threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He had too much to lose to do something like that,” Marden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers has a young son from his first marriage, and had recently remarried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A woman who answered the door at Rogers’ last known address confirmed she had married him a year and a half earlier. Yuliia Rogers said she met her husband online and that he came to see her in her native Ukraine three times before they married.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very wonderful,” she said, smiling as she reminisced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yuliia Rogers said she now reminds her husband of that time with a photograph “to keep him positive” while he’s incarcerated. She said her husband had been collecting guns for 20 years and that it was his “passion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She did not believe he was capable of violence and never feared for her own safety, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He never was mean or trying to do something bad to another person,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said her husband was probably drinking when he wrote those texts to Copeland and was just venting his frustration over the presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He never was going to do it,” Yuliia Rogers said. “It was maybe like little boys like, ‘I will,’ ‘I can do this,’ or ‘we can do this.’ But it was just like playing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/CbLrxYCP1Fa/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Rogers had a big personality and a wide circle of clients and friends, Copeland was friendly but quiet, according to people who talked to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had more meaningful conversations with Ian than Jarrod,” said Jag Rattu, owner of Audio House, a Napa car audio and window tint business, who often saw the two weight-lifting at a nearby gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland, 38, started working as a mechanic at Rogers’ shop in 2011, according to his LinkedIn profile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like brothers. Like really close homies,” Rattu said. “They’d spot each other. I’m working [out] on a machine across from them, they’d be joking around, smiling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rattu said he noticed that after Trump was elected, Rogers, whom he’s known since 2007, became more politically vocal on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people got way to the left and some people got way to the right,” Rattu said. “I started seeing hatred come through in his Facebook posts. He hated Gavin Newsom for some reason. I heard something about him wanting to beat up Newsom. But I thought it was all jokes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rattu said that he was most surprised by the Nazi memorabilia and “white privilege card” investigators found in Rogers’ safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m Indian,” Rattu said. “I get mistaken for Muslim. I’ve gotten racist attacks against me. After 9/11, I almost got jumped by these guys. I tell you, Ian never, never — and Jarrod, too — never brought up stuff like this. They treated me like any old guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>'My communication consists of fists and bullets'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A few years after meeting Rogers, Copeland enlisted in the U.S. Army. But his military career was cut short when he was arrested for desertion in May of 2014, not long after the start of basic training. In 2016, he was arrested for desertion a second time. He received an “other than honorable” discharge in lieu of court-martial the following month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014785-copeland-rogers-motion-to-detain-public\">according to court records\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors allege that after Copeland was discharged from the Army, he joined an affiliate of the Three Percenter movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to court documents, Copeland told Rogers that he was offered an officer position in the group, in either communications or security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But my communication consists of fists and bullets sooooo,” Copeland messaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several months after his discharge from the Army, Copeland became general manager of Pep Boys in Vallejo. Justin Laquindanum, who told KQED he worked there at the same time, said Copeland was into guns and wore a close-cropped, militaristic haircut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s more into the [right to bear] arms — one of the topics he says is a definition of being American. A lot of soldier talk,” Laquindanum said, adding that Copeland helped him through a difficult period in his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Politics often came up in their conversations while working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would ask me, ‘Hey, what do you think about this Black Lives Matter shit?’” Laquindanum said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At times, Laquindanum felt Copeland was “testing” him, that his response would determine how much Copeland shared with him moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt like he wanted to know, essentially, are you more Democratic or are you more Republican?” Laquindanum said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland aspired to be a cop, and he seemed agitated about being rejected by numerous police departments throughout the Bay Area and the California Highway Patrol, according to Laquindanum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Laquindanum said, he helped Copeland move into his in-laws’ three-bedroom house in north Vallejo. A family member who spoke to KQED, but then later declined to be quoted for fear of retribution, said Copeland spent long hours alone on the computer, and often made emotionally charged comments about politics or quoted Bible verses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the week after the storming of the Capitol, Rogers and Copeland agreed to wait until Inauguration Day before taking action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s see what happens after the 20th we go to war,” Rogers messaged on Jan. 11, 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Copy,” Copeland replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside link1=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/03/23/1088205226/evan-neumann-jan-6-insurrection-suspect-refugee-belarus-asylum,Bay Area Capitol Insurrection Suspect Wanted by the FBI Granted Refugee Status in Belarus\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Neumann-1020x560.jpg\"]The day after Rogers’ business and home were searched, a friend sent Copeland a link to a news article about his friend’s arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you think they look at our texts?” Copeland asked, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014785-copeland-rogers-motion-to-detain-public\">according to court records\u003c/a>. “Because we talk about some shit bro.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland immediately contacted one of the leaders of a militia he belonged to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Crap,” the man replied, urging Copeland to delete the evidence from his phone and switch to a new communications platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Delete all. Jarrod this sucks, but we will get through it,” the man said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Copeland’s house was searched on Jan. 17, 2021, two days after Rogers’ arrest, the communication with Rogers was missing from his phone. Six months later, the FBI arrested Copeland in Sacramento, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014788-motion-to-unseal-copeland-arrest-info-public\">according to court documents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland’s cousin, Novice Doublin, speaking to KQED by phone from Mayfield, Kentucky, said the allegations didn’t sound like Copeland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up, he wasn’t the one who was out hunting and fishing and trying to figure out how to take 30 firecrackers to a pop bottle and make it blow up, you know? That was the rest of us,” Doublin said. “As far as I can remember, he’s never even had a speeding ticket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You meet different people at different points in your life,” Doublin continued. “Some good, some not so good. A lot of people talk shit. And, most people don’t pay it no attention. I don’t think Jarrod realized the severity behind the conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He made a mistake,” Copeland’s brother, Wesley Copeland, told a reporter via Facebook message. “He would never hurt anyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kyle Harris, who told KQED he also worked with Copeland at Pep Boys, said that while he and Copeland talked about their shared conservative political views, Copeland never displayed an openness to extremism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just hard to believe that he went from that to just an extremist like over, what — since I met him, a couple months?” Harris said. “It’s a good possibility he was suckered into doing something like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, nothing in the text exchanges included in court records indicates Rogers pressured or manipulated Copeland into agreeing to an act of violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July of 2020, Copeland’s wife declined to be his court-appointed custodian at an initial bail hearing. Sheila Copeland later reconsidered, court records show, but after a judge reviewed transcripts of recorded phone calls between the two, he opted to keep Copeland behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fphoto.php%3Ffbid%3D10100850113931966%26set%3Da.660083400716%26type%3D3&show_text=false&width=500\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\" height=\"498\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; web-share\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Court has reviewed the transcripts of the Defendant's calls to his wife from the jail after the first bail hearing and is disturbed by the anger and volatility apparent in them,” U.S. Magistrate Judge Alex G. Tse \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21492306-copeland-order-detaining-the-defendant#document/p4/a2097114\">wrote in his order\u003c/a>. “It is clear to the Court from the Defendant’s statements made in the phone calls that he would present a danger to the community, and that no custodian or surety would have the moral suasion to ensure the necessary compliance with any conditions imposed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple attempts to reach Copeland’s wife were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If their federal case goes to trial, prosecutors will be faced with proving the men broke the law in the process of planning an attack that didn’t happen. Doing so could be difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no specific federal crimes attached to domestic terrorism in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors typically charge individuals planning to carry out homegrown, politically motivated violence with another crime they committed on their pathway toward launching an attack — like possession of illegal firearms or conspiracy — according to FBI Agent Blair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols, after the Oklahoma City bombing, they were not charged with a federal domestic terrorism crime — because there isn't one,” Blair said. “They were charged with murder at the state level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent acquittal of two men charged with conspiring to kidnap Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer is one example of how prosecutors can fail to prove conspiracy. In that case, defense attorneys argued the FBI entrapped the men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland remain in federal custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers’ shop closed last year, according to a May 12, 2021, \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/napa-county-judge-keeps-bail-at-1-5-million-in-bombs-illegal-firearms-case/article_cd74c5e5-91e6-5ba8-a3ee-b8238b5627a2.html\">report in the Napa Valley Register\u003c/a> citing testimony from Crisci. At a hearing to determine whether Rogers posed a flight risk if allowed to post bail, his former wife and business partner told the judge that Rogers owed nearly $300,000 and had only enough cash to support his family for a few more months. Crisci did not return calls for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For people to say they did this because the president told them to do it or they were following orders — that has nothing to do with Mr. Rogers and who he is,” said Colin Cooper, Rogers’ attorney. “He’s accused of having essentially weapons that are deemed illegal, and he will pay a very serious penalty for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ambrosio said his client accepts responsibility, but distanced Copeland from those who participated in the 2021 insurrection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With all the Jan. 6 stuff that also happened, those people actually hopped on a bus or a plane or train and went to the Capitol. They actually trespassed onto federal property and took active steps to either protest or riot,” Ambrosio said. “But he’s a human being. I’ve known him for a number of years. I think he’s a good person. Now do we sit down and talk about politics? No, we don’t.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">Y\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ears before law enforcement seized the contents of Ian Rogers’ safe, he earned a reputation as a talented mechanic and successful Napa Valley business owner. Rogers catered to an elite clientele of Jaguar, Land Rover and Rolls-Royce owners inside a garage off Napa’s main drag, a street spotted with boutiques and high-end bed and breakfasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 47-year-old from Sonoma County, who appeared to have a passion for guns, according to Facebook posts where he dissed prominent Democrats, was also a loving husband and father who paid his bills on time, according to his family and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fall of 2020, in the weeks after Joe Biden was declared the next president of the United States, Rogers sent an ominous text to someone he trusted, according to court records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ok bro we need to hit the enemy in the mouth,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014785-copeland-rogers-motion-to-detain-public\">he messaged\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah so we punch Soros,” Rogers’ former employee and gym buddy, Jarrod Copeland, texted back, referring to billionaire investor George Soros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland, a Kentucky native, had been a mechanic at Rogers’ shop nearly a decade earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think right now we attack democrats. They’re offices etc. Molotov cocktails and gasoline,” Rogers continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland replied, “We need more people bro. Gonna be hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after Thanksgiving, the chatter kindled a plan. \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014785-copeland-rogers-motion-to-detain-public\">Text messages contained in court records\u003c/a> show the two men agreed to burn down the headquarters of the California Democratic Party in Sacramento, a building diagonal to the California Highway Patrol office tasked with protecting state lawmakers and daily visitors to the Capitol. Also nearby: a youth center, a gym and a popular bookstore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: sent link to the address of the California Democratic Party office…\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: Right next to CHP\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: gotta be cautious\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Only takes 3 minutes\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Take a brick break a window pour gas in and light\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The two men texted that they hoped hitting that particular target would send a message and ignite a movement. They viewed themselves as action-film heroes, referencing “The Expendables,” a popular movie franchise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Scare the whole country\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Can you imagine cnn covering this haha !\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: I’ll leave a envelope with our demands and intentions\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Basically saying we declare war on the Democratic Party and all traitors to the republic.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: That’s some expendables stuff.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: We need to send a message\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: Yep I agree\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: Start a movement\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>On Jan. 8, 2021, the two acknowledged they might die carrying out their plan. Rogers asked Copeland if he was ready to leave his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rogers\u003c/strong>: What I’m talking about we probably will die unfortunately\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: She was crying yesterday and said to me “please don’t leave me I don’t know what to do without you” she was rubbing my back while I was watching...\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Copeland\u003c/strong>: She knows how i run and she knows I will put myself in harms way for what I believe in\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>It never came to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland were arrested in January and July of 2021, respectively, according to court records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two are charged in federal court with conspiracy to destroy by fire or explosive a building used in interstate commerce, with Copeland facing an additional charge of destruction of records in official proceedings for allegedly destroying evidence of his communication with Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11913972\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11913972\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ.jpg\" alt=\"entrance of California Democratic Party headquarters\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1260\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-1020x669.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/CADemHQ-1536x1008.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ian Rogers and Jarrod Copeland planned to burn down the California Democratic Party headquarters building in Sacramento in text messages in November 2020. \u003ccite>(Juan Pablo Vazquez-Enriquez/Google Maps)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Napa County District Attorney’s Office also is prosecuting Rogers, for 28 felony counts over the numerous pipe bombs, and unregistered assault rifles authorities allegedly discovered inside his business, home and RV. He is also being charged with converting firearms into machine guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the case goes to trial, Rogers faces a statutory maximum of 45 years in prison. Copeland faces a statutory maximum of 25 years, if convicted on all charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their attorneys have been negotiating plea bargains over their alleged involvement for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland has entered a no-contest plea and is awaiting sentencing, his attorney, John Ambrosio, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s going to pay his debt and he’s taken responsibility,” Ambrosio added. “And we’re just waiting to see exactly what his punishment is going to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Part of a surge in domestic extremism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland’s case is part of a surge in violent extremist activity the FBI is investigating in Northern California and throughout the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2009-title18/html/USCODE-2009-title18-partI-chap113B-sec2331.htm\">defines domestic terrorism\u003c/a> as “acts dangerous to human life” that violate state or federal criminal law, and appear to be an attempt to “influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion” or “affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the spring of 2020, the number of FBI investigations of suspected domestic extremists has more than doubled, according to the U.S. Department of Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just over a year after hundreds of people stormed the United States Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, in an attempt to stop the certification of the presidential election, the DOJ announced it was creating a special unit to address “the threat posed by domestic extremism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department arrested and charged more than 725 people for their alleged involvement in the insurrection. KQED found that at least 40 were from California, including Evan Neumann, a Mill Valley resident charged with 14 counts, including assaulting Capitol police. Neumann fled to Europe, crossing through prewar Ukraine and successfully claiming asylum in Belarus, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/23/evan-neumann-belarus-capitol-riot-asylum-ukraine/\">according to The Washington Post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In February, a sergeant at Travis Air Force Base allegedly aligned with \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2021/01/27/who-are-boogaloos-who-were-visible-capitol-and-later-rallies\">boogaloo\u003c/a> adherents in Turlock, part of a loose-knit anti-government group trying to ignite a civil war, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11904864/ex-air-force-sergeant-pleads-guilty-to-killing-federal-guard-in-oakland-during-george-floyd-protests\">entered a guilty plea\u003c/a> for gunning down a federal officer in Oakland during a 2020 protest over police violence. He's also accused of murdering a Santa Cruz County Sheriff’s deputy a week later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just last month, an Orange County man was arrested for allegedly threatening to bomb the headquarters of Merriam-Webster, the dictionary publisher, because he was upset by the company’s definition of “female.” According to The Washington Post, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2022/04/25/merriam-webster-gender-death-threats/\">the man has allegedly been sending threatening messages since 2014\u003c/a>, and the FBI interviewed him in 2015 and in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid growing concerns of potential extremist violence, the FBI and local police \u003ca href=\"https://account.modbee.com/paywall/subscriber-only?resume=259694010&intcid=ab_archive\">recently held a town hall in Modesto\u003c/a>, urging residents to report possible domestic extremist threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>United by rage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to understand why two Bay Area men allegedly conspired to blow up a Sacramento building, KQED’s reporters visited the places where Rogers and Copeland worked, reviewed hundreds of pages of court documents and public records and interviewed more than a dozen people, including family members. Copeland and Rogers' attorneys refused requests to interview their clients, pending a final decision in their case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What emerged is a portrait of friends united by rage who found community within an obscure anti-government militia. But one kept his affiliation quiet, while the other proudly displayed his allegiance with a bumper sticker on his truck. Together, they allegedly hatched a violent plan that they hoped would spark more violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jon Blair, the assistant special agent in charge of counterterrorism at the FBI’s San Francisco field office, which investigated Rogers and Copeland, would not comment on the case, but said it’s not just the number of incidents that has gone up in California, but also the number of people involved and the severity of violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are actors who are predisposed towards these acts of violence, who are violating federal law and who are adhering to ideology,” Blair said. “They didn’t just come into existence after 2020, right? I do think they were a little more emboldened now because the rhetoric has become so pervasive and so loud in our culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'We are getting more reports from individuals who happen to be near people who are spewing the ideology and taking steps towards ... violent acts, saying, 'No, not here, not on my turf, not around me.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Southern Poverty Law Center, \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/hate-map\">which tracks hate groups throughout the country\u003c/a>, has identified 45 currently active anti-government groups in California, including four militias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, chapters of other groups — including III% United Patriots, III% Defense Militia, California Three Percenters, the original Three Percenters, Oath Keepers and West Coast Patriots — all have been active in California, according to the nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland joined one of those, according to court records and screenshots obtained by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time of his arrest, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21474115-rogers-motion-to-increase-bail-declaration\">Rogers told law enforcement\u003c/a> he was a member of a “prepper group” called 3UP, a California offshoot of the Three Percenters, court filings show. Detectives also found a bumper sticker on one of Rogers’ vehicles of the III% symbol: three lines encircled by 13 stars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Three Percenters, according to the Southern Poverty Law Center, represent a sub-ideology of the broader anti-government militia movement, and some California members were \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/three-percenters-militia-members-charged-us-capitol-attack-2021-06-10/\">charged for participating in the January 6 insurrection\u003c/a>. Three Percenters believe the unproven assertion that just 3% of colonists defeated the English during the American Revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3UP claimed to be a social club not affiliated with any militia, according to Facebook screenshots. When a reporter reached one member in Milpitas by phone, he said “no comment” and hung up the phone. Calls to a number of other members were not immediately returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland also was a member of 3UP, according to prosecutors. Screenshots of a now-defunct private Facebook group for Bay Area members showed Copeland as a member. A photograph posted to the page on Aug. 9, 2020, showed Rogers and Copeland with their wives at a barbecue that other members of 3UP attended, according to a screenshot shared with a KQED reporter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s nothing illegal about socializing with members of a so-called “prepper group,” purchasing tactical equipment and believing the government should be overthrown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the FBI’s strategy for combatting terrorism focuses on thwarting attacks before they happen — a concept the agency refers to as “left of boom” — the agency cannot interfere with people exercising their constitutional rights to voice their anger at elected officials and political parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Blair said, the agency does not investigate groups — only individuals who break the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t care what you believe, because we’re not allowed to care what you believe, no matter how reprehensible those beliefs may be,” said Blair. “It’s only if your beliefs or your ideology are motivating you to commit an act of violence — that’s when you would suddenly become of concern to us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blair said the FBI relies on tips to identify potential threats. He thinks more people are reporting extreme rhetoric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people who are looking left and right and realizing that this is not necessarily the world we want to live in,” Blair surmised. “I think we are getting more reports from individuals who happen to be near people who are spewing the ideology and taking steps towards those violent acts, saying, ‘No, not here, not on my turf, not around me.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A 'one-man militia'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>An anonymous tipster urged the FBI to look into Rogers’ behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A KQED reporter was able to contact the individual who reported Rogers and confirm that the two had once been friends. According to the tipster, they shared a love for exotic cars and guns and had both voted for Donald Trump in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in 2019, Rogers began to threaten violence, often seething with rage and lashing out at people around him, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1125px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11914068\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle.jpg\" alt=\"man wearing military fatigues and sunglasses outdoors smiles as he holds what appears to be an assault rifle\" width=\"1125\" height=\"941\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle.jpg 1125w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle-800x669.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle-1020x853.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/IanRogers-with-rifle-160x134.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1125px) 100vw, 1125px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This screenshot from Facebook of Ian Rogers holding a rifle was included on an SD card an informer provided to the FBI in September 2020. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The informer began documenting Rogers’ behavior. In September of 2020, he mailed an envelope to the San Francisco field office of the FBI. Inside was an SD card with screenshots of Rogers’ social media posts and a video of Rogers firing an AK-47 at a shooting range previously owned by Craig Bock, a prominent member of the Three Percenter movement, according to a lawsuit filed by Bock’s family after county officials revoked their lease for the shooting range, and to \u003ca href=\"https://www.vallejosun.com/solano-county-gun-club-twin-sisters-three-percenters/\">reporting by The Vallejo Sun\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tipster also emailed the Napa County Sheriff’s Office, warning that Rogers was “deranged” and “a one-man militia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpt from the tipster’s email \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21474115-rogers-motion-to-increase-bail-declaration\">was contained in a Napa County Superior Court filing\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014620-rogers-motion-to-increase-bail-declaration\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11914074\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1638\" height=\"972\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM.png 1638w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM-800x475.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM-1020x605.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM-160x95.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Screen-Shot-2022-05-13-at-12.18.54-PM-1536x911.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1638px) 100vw, 1638px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Napa County Sheriff’s Office and the FBI jointly investigated Rogers, according to a declaration by a county detective filed as part of a motion opposing Rogers’ bail. In November of 2020, authorities learned that Rogers had sold his home in American Canyon, a city about 10 miles south of Napa, and was flush with cash, according to the motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Jan. 15, just nine days after the insurrection at the U.S. Capitol, sheriff’s deputies detained Rogers at a traffic stop in downtown Napa and served him with search warrants for his home and auto-repair shop, according to court papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside a safe in Rogers’ office, law enforcement discovered five brick-sized pipe bombs, along with raw materials “that could be used to manufacture destructive devices, including black powder, pipes, endcaps,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22012703-210126-usa-v-rogers-complaint\">according to a federal criminal complaint\u003c/a>. There was “a Nazi flag and a Nazi dagger with markings from the Elite SS in Hitler’s army,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22011350-210510-rogers-napa-da-motion-to-deny-bail\">according to a separate court filing\u003c/a>. The safe also contained a “White Privilege Card,” according to an FBI affidavit and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22012703-210126-usa-v-rogers-complaint\">federal complaint\u003c/a> against Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11914106\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/WhitePrivelegeCard.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/WhitePrivelegeCard.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/WhitePrivelegeCard-160x116.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of the 'White Privilege Card' found in Ian Rogers' safe, included in the federal complaint against him. \u003ccite>(U.S. District Court)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a storage closet, deputies found, according to records, “numerous rifles, including some that were fully automatic and some that had been modified to operate as machine guns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also found seven manuals on bomb making and survival tactics, including one called “The Anarchist Cookbook” and another titled “Homemade C-4,” an explosive material; approximately 15,000 rounds of ammunition; a homemade silencer; and “go bags” with body armor and bulletproof face shields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens more guns were found, unsecured, inside his home and RV. All told, officers collected 54 guns — including eight assault weapons considered illegal in California, according to the Napa County District Attorney. Rogers was arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers’ friends and family said he liked to pump iron, shoot semi-automatic rifles and drive fast cars. They also commented that he had used steroids to bulk up his 5’11” frame to 200 pounds in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one \u003ca href=\"https://sfist.com/2021/07/16/napa-man-with-white-privilege-card-and-accomplice/\">Facebook photo that went viral after his arrest\u003c/a>, Rogers sits at the wheel of his DeLorean, the gull-wing door raised, his muscular arms bulging under a cutoff T-shirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11914001\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean.jpg\" alt=\"man wearing camo shirt with bare arms and visible Nazi-esque eagle tattoo sits at wheel of Delorean car with door open\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1289\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean-800x537.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean-1020x685.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersDelorean-1536x1031.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ian Rogers sits at the wheel of his DeLorean in a Facebook photo that went viral after his arrest in 2021. The photo shows his tattoo resembling a Nazi eagle. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rogers has a tattoo on his upper left arm of an eagle that resembles the Nazi eagle, which he made no effort to hide. He is wearing camouflage fatigues and his hair is cropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers learned how to fix cars in his father’s repair shop in Sonoma County when he was young. In 2005, he and his first wife, Julie Crisci, opened British Auto Repair in Napa. Rogers catered to wine country residents of diverse ethnic backgrounds who praised his mechanical skills and professionalism in dozens of online reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But two witnesses told KQED they heard Rogers use racist slurs to refer to clients. Those individuals said he expressed rage toward people of other races.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A longtime Napa resident, who asked to remain anonymous for fear of retribution, described one of Rogers’ tirades: “He was just stomping around, you know, ‘these mother****ing’ — you know, dropping N-bombs — ‘with their stupid’ — just like, like flexing, just flipping out. Other times you just hear him screaming about whatever — the Jews or, you know, Nancy Pelosi.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said Rogers told people he named his German shepherd “Fritz” after Hitler’s personal dog handler, Fritz Tornow. Rogers also built a working MG 42, a machine gun that Allied troops nicknamed “Hitler’s Buzzsaw” because of the noise it made spewing 1,200-1,500 rounds of ammunition per minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s a bad dude,” the Napa resident said. “He’s going to get what he deserves, hopefully. But, he’ll also be some sort of martyr for extremists.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11914113\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11914113\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersPipeBombs.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"504\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersPipeBombs.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RogersPipeBombs-160x101.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The five pipe bombs seized at Rogers' auto repair shop 'were fully operational and could cause great bodily harm or injury,' according to a Napa County Sheriff's Office bomb technician in the federal complaint against Rogers. \u003ccite>(US District Court)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rogers also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22011730-210120-rogers-crisci-texts-exhibit2\">used racist slurs to describe his former Asian American neighbors in text messages to Crisci\u003c/a> that were included in court filings. On Sept. 16, 2019, he wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate this town I’ll be happier away from the [N-word]. I’m sick of my stupid [racist slur for people of Korean descent] neighbors. I can’t forgive them for calling the cops on my numerous times over bullshit. Neighbors should have your back and they are backstabbers. Typical Asian assholes, they only care about themselvs and they’re families. I hate Asians they are rude and dishonest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A business acquaintance of Rogers said he never heard him use racist language. Cliff Marden, who sold auto-repair tools to Rogers for over a decade, described his client as opinionated, but not violent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ian is not a terrorist by any means. He’s not a threat to the public,” Marden said when reached by phone. “He was a businessman and he was an outstanding person and individual of the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marden said Rogers got in trouble because he said the wrong things at the wrong time, but never would have acted on those threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He had too much to lose to do something like that,” Marden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers has a young son from his first marriage, and had recently remarried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A woman who answered the door at Rogers’ last known address confirmed she had married him a year and a half earlier. Yuliia Rogers said she met her husband online and that he came to see her in her native Ukraine three times before they married.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very wonderful,” she said, smiling as she reminisced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yuliia Rogers said she now reminds her husband of that time with a photograph “to keep him positive” while he’s incarcerated. She said her husband had been collecting guns for 20 years and that it was his “passion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She did not believe he was capable of violence and never feared for her own safety, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He never was mean or trying to do something bad to another person,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said her husband was probably drinking when he wrote those texts to Copeland and was just venting his frustration over the presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He never was going to do it,” Yuliia Rogers said. “It was maybe like little boys like, ‘I will,’ ‘I can do this,’ or ‘we can do this.’ But it was just like playing.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While Rogers had a big personality and a wide circle of clients and friends, Copeland was friendly but quiet, according to people who talked to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had more meaningful conversations with Ian than Jarrod,” said Jag Rattu, owner of Audio House, a Napa car audio and window tint business, who often saw the two weight-lifting at a nearby gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland, 38, started working as a mechanic at Rogers’ shop in 2011, according to his LinkedIn profile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like brothers. Like really close homies,” Rattu said. “They’d spot each other. I’m working [out] on a machine across from them, they’d be joking around, smiling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rattu said he noticed that after Trump was elected, Rogers, whom he’s known since 2007, became more politically vocal on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people got way to the left and some people got way to the right,” Rattu said. “I started seeing hatred come through in his Facebook posts. He hated Gavin Newsom for some reason. I heard something about him wanting to beat up Newsom. But I thought it was all jokes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rattu said that he was most surprised by the Nazi memorabilia and “white privilege card” investigators found in Rogers’ safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m Indian,” Rattu said. “I get mistaken for Muslim. I’ve gotten racist attacks against me. After 9/11, I almost got jumped by these guys. I tell you, Ian never, never — and Jarrod, too — never brought up stuff like this. They treated me like any old guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>'My communication consists of fists and bullets'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A few years after meeting Rogers, Copeland enlisted in the U.S. Army. But his military career was cut short when he was arrested for desertion in May of 2014, not long after the start of basic training. In 2016, he was arrested for desertion a second time. He received an “other than honorable” discharge in lieu of court-martial the following month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014785-copeland-rogers-motion-to-detain-public\">according to court records\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors allege that after Copeland was discharged from the Army, he joined an affiliate of the Three Percenter movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to court documents, Copeland told Rogers that he was offered an officer position in the group, in either communications or security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But my communication consists of fists and bullets sooooo,” Copeland messaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several months after his discharge from the Army, Copeland became general manager of Pep Boys in Vallejo. Justin Laquindanum, who told KQED he worked there at the same time, said Copeland was into guns and wore a close-cropped, militaristic haircut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s more into the [right to bear] arms — one of the topics he says is a definition of being American. A lot of soldier talk,” Laquindanum said, adding that Copeland helped him through a difficult period in his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Politics often came up in their conversations while working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would ask me, ‘Hey, what do you think about this Black Lives Matter shit?’” Laquindanum said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At times, Laquindanum felt Copeland was “testing” him, that his response would determine how much Copeland shared with him moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt like he wanted to know, essentially, are you more Democratic or are you more Republican?” Laquindanum said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland aspired to be a cop, and he seemed agitated about being rejected by numerous police departments throughout the Bay Area and the California Highway Patrol, according to Laquindanum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Laquindanum said, he helped Copeland move into his in-laws’ three-bedroom house in north Vallejo. A family member who spoke to KQED, but then later declined to be quoted for fear of retribution, said Copeland spent long hours alone on the computer, and often made emotionally charged comments about politics or quoted Bible verses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the week after the storming of the Capitol, Rogers and Copeland agreed to wait until Inauguration Day before taking action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s see what happens after the 20th we go to war,” Rogers messaged on Jan. 11, 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Copy,” Copeland replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The day after Rogers’ business and home were searched, a friend sent Copeland a link to a news article about his friend’s arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you think they look at our texts?” Copeland asked, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014785-copeland-rogers-motion-to-detain-public\">according to court records\u003c/a>. “Because we talk about some shit bro.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland immediately contacted one of the leaders of a militia he belonged to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Crap,” the man replied, urging Copeland to delete the evidence from his phone and switch to a new communications platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Delete all. Jarrod this sucks, but we will get through it,” the man said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Copeland’s house was searched on Jan. 17, 2021, two days after Rogers’ arrest, the communication with Rogers was missing from his phone. Six months later, the FBI arrested Copeland in Sacramento, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22014788-motion-to-unseal-copeland-arrest-info-public\">according to court documents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copeland’s cousin, Novice Doublin, speaking to KQED by phone from Mayfield, Kentucky, said the allegations didn’t sound like Copeland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up, he wasn’t the one who was out hunting and fishing and trying to figure out how to take 30 firecrackers to a pop bottle and make it blow up, you know? That was the rest of us,” Doublin said. “As far as I can remember, he’s never even had a speeding ticket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You meet different people at different points in your life,” Doublin continued. “Some good, some not so good. A lot of people talk shit. And, most people don’t pay it no attention. I don’t think Jarrod realized the severity behind the conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He made a mistake,” Copeland’s brother, Wesley Copeland, told a reporter via Facebook message. “He would never hurt anyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kyle Harris, who told KQED he also worked with Copeland at Pep Boys, said that while he and Copeland talked about their shared conservative political views, Copeland never displayed an openness to extremism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just hard to believe that he went from that to just an extremist like over, what — since I met him, a couple months?” Harris said. “It’s a good possibility he was suckered into doing something like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, nothing in the text exchanges included in court records indicates Rogers pressured or manipulated Copeland into agreeing to an act of violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July of 2020, Copeland’s wife declined to be his court-appointed custodian at an initial bail hearing. Sheila Copeland later reconsidered, court records show, but after a judge reviewed transcripts of recorded phone calls between the two, he opted to keep Copeland behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fphoto.php%3Ffbid%3D10100850113931966%26set%3Da.660083400716%26type%3D3&show_text=false&width=500\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\" height=\"498\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; web-share\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Court has reviewed the transcripts of the Defendant's calls to his wife from the jail after the first bail hearing and is disturbed by the anger and volatility apparent in them,” U.S. Magistrate Judge Alex G. Tse \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21492306-copeland-order-detaining-the-defendant#document/p4/a2097114\">wrote in his order\u003c/a>. “It is clear to the Court from the Defendant’s statements made in the phone calls that he would present a danger to the community, and that no custodian or surety would have the moral suasion to ensure the necessary compliance with any conditions imposed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple attempts to reach Copeland’s wife were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If their federal case goes to trial, prosecutors will be faced with proving the men broke the law in the process of planning an attack that didn’t happen. Doing so could be difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no specific federal crimes attached to domestic terrorism in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors typically charge individuals planning to carry out homegrown, politically motivated violence with another crime they committed on their pathway toward launching an attack — like possession of illegal firearms or conspiracy — according to FBI Agent Blair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols, after the Oklahoma City bombing, they were not charged with a federal domestic terrorism crime — because there isn't one,” Blair said. “They were charged with murder at the state level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent acquittal of two men charged with conspiring to kidnap Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer is one example of how prosecutors can fail to prove conspiracy. In that case, defense attorneys argued the FBI entrapped the men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers and Copeland remain in federal custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers’ shop closed last year, according to a May 12, 2021, \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/napa-county-judge-keeps-bail-at-1-5-million-in-bombs-illegal-firearms-case/article_cd74c5e5-91e6-5ba8-a3ee-b8238b5627a2.html\">report in the Napa Valley Register\u003c/a> citing testimony from Crisci. At a hearing to determine whether Rogers posed a flight risk if allowed to post bail, his former wife and business partner told the judge that Rogers owed nearly $300,000 and had only enough cash to support his family for a few more months. Crisci did not return calls for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For people to say they did this because the president told them to do it or they were following orders — that has nothing to do with Mr. Rogers and who he is,” said Colin Cooper, Rogers’ attorney. “He’s accused of having essentially weapons that are deemed illegal, and he will pay a very serious penalty for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ambrosio said his client accepts responsibility, but distanced Copeland from those who participated in the 2021 insurrection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With all the Jan. 6 stuff that also happened, those people actually hopped on a bus or a plane or train and went to the Capitol. They actually trespassed onto federal property and took active steps to either protest or riot,” Ambrosio said. “But he’s a human being. I’ve known him for a number of years. I think he’s a good person. Now do we sit down and talk about politics? No, we don’t.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Safety Agency Issues $1.75 Million in Fines Over Worker's Death at Valero Refinery",
"title": "Safety Agency Issues $1.75 Million in Fines Over Worker's Death at Valero Refinery",
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"content": "\u003cp>State workplace regulators have issued $1.75 million in fines to Valero and three other companies, alleging dozens of safety violations in connection with the death of a contract worker at Valero's Benicia refinery last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health said the fines are the highest it's ever levied in connection with a refinery worker's death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA said it discovered the violations after investigating the Nov. 12 death of 35-year-old Luis Gutierrez. The agency said Gutierrez died from asphyxiation when a broken welding torch leaked argon gas into an enclosed \"oxygen-deficient\" area he had just entered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency issued a $528,000 fine to Valero and a $988,000 fine to the Houston-based company Total Safety, one of the outside firms that works in the refinery. It also issued a $135,000 fine to J.T. Thorpe and Son, the Richmond-based company that employed Gutierrez, and a $101,000 fine to T.R.S.C., a Vallejo-based firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firms were cited for varying numbers of violations, with three of the four companies alleged to have committed \"serious and willful\" violations — Cal/OSHA's most severe category of infraction. [aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"valero-refinery\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged safety breaches include failure to repair the broken welding apparatus; failure to test and monitor conditions in the enclosed space where Gutierrez died; and failure to equip the team that retrieved Gutierrez with the appropriate breathing apparatus and other safety equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It appears that this was a classic case of poor communications and poor attention to details,\" said Craig Peters, an attorney specializing in workplace accidents at San Francisco's Altair Law, who reviewed the state investigation's summary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The circumstances indicate a serious inattention to basic safety protocols when dealing with dangerous confined spaces and gases that can be deadly,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Cal/OSHA's summary of the incident, night-shift crews were getting ready to do welding in a part of the refinery called a regenerator, and the welding area needed to be cleaned up first. Gutierrez, a member of the union Laborers' Local 130, based in Southern California, entered the regenerator at about 11:15 p.m. to see how much cleanup was needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutierrez apparently lost consciousness as he climbed down a ladder into the regenerator. He fell backward, was caught by a retractable lanyard connected to his work harness, and was then suspended in midair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fellow workers tried to wake him by shaking the lanyard, Cal/OSHA's report said. They called a refinery emergency rescue team, who retrieved him. That team, along with Benicia firefighters, tried unsuccessfully to resuscitate him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal workplace regulators say argon — the gas that allegedly leaked from a broken welding torch — \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OSHA_FS-3647_Welding.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">can lead to suffocation\u003c/a>\" when it's used for welding in enclosed spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA said Valero knew at some point that an employee inside the enclosed area where the accident took place had felt dizzy. Regulators say the refinery failed to ensure the use of respiratory protective equipment in the area and failed to identify respiratory hazards in its workplace, among other violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency said Total Safety failed to provide the proper equipment at the work site and did not ensure the area was safe for crews. It also said the company did not keep track of who was at the site and allowed unauthorized people in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators say T.R.S.C. should have made sure the welding torch was repaired or moved it away from where crews were working. They say J.T. Thorpe should have tested conditions in the area before allowing Gutierrez to enter the area where he died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas B. Song, an attorney representing T.R.S.C., said in an email the company is \"currently considering its options, including appeal of the citations.\" He added that the company \"believes very strongly that the safety and health of its employees is of paramount importance and concern, and is confident in its safety protocols.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three other companies cited in Cal/OSHA's investigation did not reply immediately to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last fatal oil refinery incident in California took place in July 2019 at the Torrance Refining Co. facility in suburban Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that incident, a J.T. Thorpe worker was doing maintenance and repairs on a storage tank when part of a device used to lift the tank's roof struck and killed him. Cal/OSHA fined J.T. Thorpe $70,000. The company filed an appeal, which is ongoing.[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Cal/OSHA cited Valero and three other firms for a wide range of alleged safety violations in connection with the death of a contract worker at Valero's Benicia refinery in November 2021. The safety agency says it's the single largest fine it's ever assessed in connection with a refinery worker's death.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>State workplace regulators have issued $1.75 million in fines to Valero and three other companies, alleging dozens of safety violations in connection with the death of a contract worker at Valero's Benicia refinery last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health said the fines are the highest it's ever levied in connection with a refinery worker's death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA said it discovered the violations after investigating the Nov. 12 death of 35-year-old Luis Gutierrez. The agency said Gutierrez died from asphyxiation when a broken welding torch leaked argon gas into an enclosed \"oxygen-deficient\" area he had just entered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency issued a $528,000 fine to Valero and a $988,000 fine to the Houston-based company Total Safety, one of the outside firms that works in the refinery. It also issued a $135,000 fine to J.T. Thorpe and Son, the Richmond-based company that employed Gutierrez, and a $101,000 fine to T.R.S.C., a Vallejo-based firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firms were cited for varying numbers of violations, with three of the four companies alleged to have committed \"serious and willful\" violations — Cal/OSHA's most severe category of infraction. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged safety breaches include failure to repair the broken welding apparatus; failure to test and monitor conditions in the enclosed space where Gutierrez died; and failure to equip the team that retrieved Gutierrez with the appropriate breathing apparatus and other safety equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It appears that this was a classic case of poor communications and poor attention to details,\" said Craig Peters, an attorney specializing in workplace accidents at San Francisco's Altair Law, who reviewed the state investigation's summary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The circumstances indicate a serious inattention to basic safety protocols when dealing with dangerous confined spaces and gases that can be deadly,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Cal/OSHA's summary of the incident, night-shift crews were getting ready to do welding in a part of the refinery called a regenerator, and the welding area needed to be cleaned up first. Gutierrez, a member of the union Laborers' Local 130, based in Southern California, entered the regenerator at about 11:15 p.m. to see how much cleanup was needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutierrez apparently lost consciousness as he climbed down a ladder into the regenerator. He fell backward, was caught by a retractable lanyard connected to his work harness, and was then suspended in midair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fellow workers tried to wake him by shaking the lanyard, Cal/OSHA's report said. They called a refinery emergency rescue team, who retrieved him. That team, along with Benicia firefighters, tried unsuccessfully to resuscitate him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal workplace regulators say argon — the gas that allegedly leaked from a broken welding torch — \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OSHA_FS-3647_Welding.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">can lead to suffocation\u003c/a>\" when it's used for welding in enclosed spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA said Valero knew at some point that an employee inside the enclosed area where the accident took place had felt dizzy. Regulators say the refinery failed to ensure the use of respiratory protective equipment in the area and failed to identify respiratory hazards in its workplace, among other violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency said Total Safety failed to provide the proper equipment at the work site and did not ensure the area was safe for crews. It also said the company did not keep track of who was at the site and allowed unauthorized people in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators say T.R.S.C. should have made sure the welding torch was repaired or moved it away from where crews were working. They say J.T. Thorpe should have tested conditions in the area before allowing Gutierrez to enter the area where he died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas B. Song, an attorney representing T.R.S.C., said in an email the company is \"currently considering its options, including appeal of the citations.\" He added that the company \"believes very strongly that the safety and health of its employees is of paramount importance and concern, and is confident in its safety protocols.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three other companies cited in Cal/OSHA's investigation did not reply immediately to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last fatal oil refinery incident in California took place in July 2019 at the Torrance Refining Co. facility in suburban Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that incident, a J.T. Thorpe worker was doing maintenance and repairs on a storage tank when part of a device used to lift the tank's roof struck and killed him. Cal/OSHA fined J.T. Thorpe $70,000. The company filed an appeal, which is ongoing.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
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