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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom said Wednesday that he is encouraged by Chevron's efforts to clean up what has turned into California's largest oil spill in decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11762863/as-chevron-gets-ready-to-appeal-state-order-kern-county-spill-continues-to-grow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">974,400 gallons of fluid have leaked\u003c/a> from the ground at an oil field in Kern County, near the town of McKittrick about 35 miles west of Bakersfield, over the last couple of months. About one-third is oil and the other two-thirds water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More on the Kern County Oil Spill\" tag=\"kern-county-oil-spill\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm seeing progress,\" Newsom said on a visit to the Cymric oil field, where the oil and water are contained in a dry desert creekbed. The leaks are known as surface expressions, which can be caused by injecting steam into the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron uses steam injection to extract oil in the Cymric field. The steam softens the thick crude so it can flow more readily. It is a different process from fracking, which breaks up underground layers of rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Newsom told reporters the state would ask Chevron to turn over data so regulators can investigate the cause of the spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The lesson learned here is we've got to be aggressive on monitoring,\" Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've got to hold folks to account. And I think Chevron ... are being forthright and recognizing they need to be held to account. They need to mitigate. They need to clean this thing up. They are taking it seriously, at least based upon my interactions. But we'll analyze that and we're going to request their data. We're not just going to assume things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has said the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760192/chevron-well-has-leaked-a-quarter-million-gallons-of-oil-in-central-valley-since-may\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">initial leak began May 10\u003c/a> after its crews tried to seal off a damaged and abandoned well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said efforts to confirm the source of the original leak and shut it down unleashed higher flows in the weeks after the initial release was discovered. The company also increased its production of oil from wells in the area. Both actions are intended to relieve underground pressure that may be forcing the mix of oil and water to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, the state issued Chevron a notice of violation, ordering it to stop steam injections around the spill. Then on July 12, state regulators ordered the company \"to take all measures\" to stop the flow and prevent a recurrence, saying Chevron had not yet done enough to stop the releases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest seepage was noticed July 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill is the largest in California since 1990, when a tanker spilled more than 400,000 gallons of crude oil off the coast of Huntington Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials said the latest spill is not affecting waterways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting by Andrew Oxford of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco officials laid out a sweeping plan this week for the city to reach zero net emissions by 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of the Environment on Monday presented its \u003ca href=\"https://sfenvironment.org/sites/default/files/fliers/files/sfe_focus_2030_report_july2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">broad-ranging report\u003c/a> to members of the Board of Supervisors Land Use and Transportation Committee, offering recommendations for deep greenhouse gas reductions in the city's transportation and building sectors, which together make up more than 90% of the total emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report serves as a road map for achieving the net-zero goals proposed by Mayor London Breed in September and announced at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690625/s-f-mayor-london-breed-announces-ambitious-targets-ahead-of-climate-summit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Central to the plan is the city's mandate to supply energy exclusively from renewable energy sources within 30 years (currently, less than 70% comes from renewable sources).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If San Francisco maintains and deepens its commitment to supplying 100% renewable electricity; prioritizes low-carbon forms of mobility such as transit, walking and biking; reduces our consumption of energy; and transitions away from fossil fuels, the city could realize a 68% reduction in emissions below 1990 levels by 2030 and a 90% reduction by 2050,\" the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related stories\" tag=\"carbon-emissions\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest emissions reduction challenge is in the transportation sector, the report notes, which is responsible for nearly half of all citywide emissions. As such, it recommends a much greater reliance on walking, biking and public transit, with the goal of 80% of all trips made without a car by 2030, and the electrification of all private cars and trucks by 2040.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To reduce emissions from buildings, which account for 44% of the city's total emissions — split almost evenly between commercial and residential properties — the plan calls for replacing natural gas systems with high-efficiency electric space and water heaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report points to the progress San Francisco has already made in this area, noting the major increase in the number of energy-efficient buildings, including most city-owned properties. Despite the spike in development in the city, and the proliferation of energy-sucking electronic devices, it notes, emissions from buildings have actually declined by about half their 1990 levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There aren’t too many surprises [in the report],\" said Charles Sheehan, a spokesman for the Department of the Environment. \"We’ve got to fuel switch in the transportation sector and fuel switch in the building sector.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also calls for a 15% reduction in total waste by 2030, as well as halving the amount of trash sent to landfills or incinerated by doubling down on recycling and composting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if all those goals are met, the report notes, there are some emissions the city simply can't eliminate. To that end, it recommends capturing and storing carbon to fully reach net-zero emissions. That entails sequestering carbon by increasing the number of trees in the city, restoring ecosystems and applying more compost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re going to work to get as close as zero as we possibly can, but that is very challenging work,\" said Sheehan. \"The carbon sequestration strategy — pulling carbon out of air — that’s how you get to net-zero goals.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco officials laid out a sweeping plan this week for the city to reach zero net emissions by 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of the Environment on Monday presented its \u003ca href=\"https://sfenvironment.org/sites/default/files/fliers/files/sfe_focus_2030_report_july2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">broad-ranging report\u003c/a> to members of the Board of Supervisors Land Use and Transportation Committee, offering recommendations for deep greenhouse gas reductions in the city's transportation and building sectors, which together make up more than 90% of the total emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report serves as a road map for achieving the net-zero goals proposed by Mayor London Breed in September and announced at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690625/s-f-mayor-london-breed-announces-ambitious-targets-ahead-of-climate-summit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Central to the plan is the city's mandate to supply energy exclusively from renewable energy sources within 30 years (currently, less than 70% comes from renewable sources).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If San Francisco maintains and deepens its commitment to supplying 100% renewable electricity; prioritizes low-carbon forms of mobility such as transit, walking and biking; reduces our consumption of energy; and transitions away from fossil fuels, the city could realize a 68% reduction in emissions below 1990 levels by 2030 and a 90% reduction by 2050,\" the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest emissions reduction challenge is in the transportation sector, the report notes, which is responsible for nearly half of all citywide emissions. As such, it recommends a much greater reliance on walking, biking and public transit, with the goal of 80% of all trips made without a car by 2030, and the electrification of all private cars and trucks by 2040.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To reduce emissions from buildings, which account for 44% of the city's total emissions — split almost evenly between commercial and residential properties — the plan calls for replacing natural gas systems with high-efficiency electric space and water heaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report points to the progress San Francisco has already made in this area, noting the major increase in the number of energy-efficient buildings, including most city-owned properties. Despite the spike in development in the city, and the proliferation of energy-sucking electronic devices, it notes, emissions from buildings have actually declined by about half their 1990 levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There aren’t too many surprises [in the report],\" said Charles Sheehan, a spokesman for the Department of the Environment. \"We’ve got to fuel switch in the transportation sector and fuel switch in the building sector.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also calls for a 15% reduction in total waste by 2030, as well as halving the amount of trash sent to landfills or incinerated by doubling down on recycling and composting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if all those goals are met, the report notes, there are some emissions the city simply can't eliminate. To that end, it recommends capturing and storing carbon to fully reach net-zero emissions. That entails sequestering carbon by increasing the number of trees in the city, restoring ecosystems and applying more compost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re going to work to get as close as zero as we possibly can, but that is very challenging work,\" said Sheehan. \"The carbon sequestration strategy — pulling carbon out of air — that’s how you get to net-zero goals.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California regulators ordered Chevron to \"take all measures\" to stop the flow of oil from a spill in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the oil company\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorechevronappeal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> wants to know\u003c/a> what \"all measures\" means, saying, \"This required remedial action is vague as to, among other things, the meaning of 'all measures' and 'near the subject well.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, I'm no geologist but I think it means, \"Stop your damn oil from pouring all over the ground.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems that Chevron may have deployed more lawyers after the spill than cleanup workers on the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill that is pouring out of five \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761697/the-language-of-oops\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">surface expressions\u003c/a>\" is now made up of about 1 million gallons of oil, water and other gunk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California regulators ordered Chevron to 'take all measures' to stop the flow of oil from a spill in Kern County. Now the oil company wants to know what 'all measures' means.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California regulators ordered Chevron to \"take all measures\" to stop the flow of oil from a spill in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the oil company\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorechevronappeal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> wants to know\u003c/a> what \"all measures\" means, saying, \"This required remedial action is vague as to, among other things, the meaning of 'all measures' and 'near the subject well.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, I'm no geologist but I think it means, \"Stop your damn oil from pouring all over the ground.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems that Chevron may have deployed more lawyers after the spill than cleanup workers on the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill that is pouring out of five \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761697/the-language-of-oops\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">surface expressions\u003c/a>\" is now made up of about 1 million gallons of oil, water and other gunk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "The Chevron Oil Spill Is Big, But This One Was Bigger – a Lot Bigger",
"title": "The Chevron Oil Spill Is Big, But This One Was Bigger – a Lot Bigger",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he closest most of us will ever get to the remote oil field site where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11762422/chevron-says-attempt-to-seal-off-well-may-have-triggered-big-kern-county-oil-spill\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a Chevron well has been leaking\u003c/a> crude petroleum for 2½ months is a fast trip on Interstate 5 on the way from the Bay Area to Los Angeles and back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you glance to the right as you head south on I-5 past the Buttonwillow exit -- just a glance, because you're probably going 80, maybe burning gasoline refined from California crude -- you'll see a range of low hills. Somewhere amid those distant ridges is where you'd find the Cymric oil field, the site of Chevron's leaking well.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It’s hell, literally hell. It roars and rips like hell. ... It smells and terrifies like hell. It is as uncontrollable as hell. It is as black and hot as hell.'\u003ccite>W.D. Young, California Oil World\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>This landscape is not tourist country, but there's a spot 20 miles or so from the Chevron well that's familiar to California petroleum geeks and should be better known generally: the site of the 1910 Lakeview Gusher, an 18-month oil well blowout that was the single biggest crude oil spill in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]O[/dropcap]n New Year's Day 1909, during a period of intense oil exploration in the belt of hills stretching along the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, a newly organized company began drilling in a promising spot just north of the town of Maricopa, in southwestern Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For 14 months, no luck. Drillers had gone down more than 2,200 feet on the Lakeview No. 1 well and hadn't seen much to encourage them. By one account, Union Oil Co., which had bought a 51 percent interest in the well after the drilling started, decided it didn't want to sink any more time or money into what looked like a dry hole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early the morning of March 14 or 15, 1910 -- yes, there's a disagreement about the date -- before the drilling crew was told of Union's decision, their rig hit a snag deep in the well. A bailer, a long steel cylinder designed to clear rock debris from the hole, was hung up on something. As the crew tried to free it, an explosive rush of high-pressure gas blew the bailer back up the well shaft and shot it into the air with such force it ripped off the top of the oil derrick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lakeview Gusher was underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762835\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 581px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/97-057-002-Lakeview-men.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/97-057-002-Lakeview-men.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"581\" height=\"703\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11762835\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/97-057-002-Lakeview-men.jpg 581w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/97-057-002-Lakeview-men-160x194.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A crew poses with the Lakeview Gusher.. The well flowed uncontrolled from March 1910 through September 1911, covering the surrounding landscape in crude oil and destroying the oil derrick used to drill the gusher's bore. \u003ccite>(West Kern Oil Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"A roaring column of sand and oil 20 feet in diameter and 200 feet high gushed into the air, and issued a stream of oil at its base, dubbed the 'Trout Stream,' which flowed down every adjacent ditch and gully,\" writes Bakersfield petroleum geologist Mike Clark in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjvgeology.org/history/lakeview.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his account\u003c/a> of the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lakeview Gusher wasn't front-page news at first. But as crude oil continued to blast from the hole, it was regarded first as a natural wonder, then as a wild, uncontrollable force, and finally as a headache -- an outpouring so overwhelming that it blackened the countryside for miles around and produced so much oil so fast it created an oversupply that depressed the California oil market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762846\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-800x973.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"973\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762846\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-800x973.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-160x195.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-1020x1240.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-987x1200.jpg 987w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-1920x2334.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1.jpg 1685w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Tribune's initial report on the Lakeview Gusher, published March 17, 1910. The Trib's report was accompanied by a large ad, lower left, for local investors who had sunk a well adjacent to the Lakeview property. About 20 new oil companies were formed in the weeks after the gusher began. One landowner reportedly turned down a offer of $200,000 -- more than $5 million in 2019 dollars -- for a 20-acre property near the Lakeview well. \u003ccite>(Oakland Tribune via Newspapers.com )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The biggest problem the Lakeview monster posed, as had other gushers in the California oil fields, was the nearly complete lack of infrastructure to deal with it. Nearby tank capacity was quickly used up and provisions had to be made to ship the oil for processing through the scant pipeline network in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]B[/dropcap]ut first, some way had to be found to tame the flow. As streams of crude oil surged across the landscape, some worried it would reach (now vanished) Lake Buena Vista, a body of water on the edge of the valley that was used for irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers built dikes and primitive dams to contain the hundreds of thousands and then millions of barrels of oil that spouted from the well. Soon, the gusher was surrounded by 20 large ponds, or sumps, that slowly filled with black liquid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762841\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-800x490.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762841\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-800x490.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-160x98.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-1020x625.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-1200x735.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1.jpg 1919w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At left, a temporary dam built during the effort to contain the crude oil flowing from the Lakeview Gusher in 1910. One concern for those in the area was that oil would flow downhill into Lake Buena Vista, an important source for irrigation water in the country southwest of Bakersfield. \u003ccite>(W.C. Mendenhall/U.S. Geological Survey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A month after the Lakeview well blew, crews began building an enormous wooden box they hoped would stifle the exuberant outflow. The structure, said to have been crafted from enormous 14-by-14-inch timbers, took about a month to hammer together and tow into place over the gusher. It did nothing to stanch the torrent. Soon the structure began to disintegrate, and it vanished when the ground beneath it collapsed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762832\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762832\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-800x501.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"501\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-800x501.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-1020x639.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-1200x751.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box.jpg 1522w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A postcard showing the large wooden 'hood' built to try to contain the Lakeview Gusher in 1910. The force of the oil blasting from the well destroyed the structure. \u003ccite>(eBay)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By some accounts, the torrent reached a height of 480 feet at times. Newspapers reported it could be seen from downtown Bakersfield, 35 miles to the northeast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier gushers had come and gone, including some that briefly reached the same astounding rate of flow the Lakeview attained. But no one had seen anything like this -- a hydrocarbon geyser that continued day after day, week after week, month after month. It became a postcard subject and tourist attraction, even though fire and toxic gases posed a constant danger and spectators ran the risk of being drenched in oil if the wind shifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762834\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-800x508.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"508\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762834\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-800x508.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-1200x761.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Postcard showing the Lakeview Gusher in the weeks after it began in March 1910. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Chris Otto/Papergreat.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762913\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-800x505.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"505\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762913\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-1020x643.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-1200x757.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1.jpg 1652w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Message on a postcard, sent in September 1910, depicting Lakeview Gusher. 'This view is of the famous oil well at Maricopa, maybe you have read about it.' \u003ccite>(Courtesy Chris Otto/Papergreat.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]E[/dropcap]asily the most vivid account of a visit to the Lakeview Gusher came from W.D. Young, who worked in the Kern County petroleum industry. Writing in a long extinct journal called California Oil World, he described the scene:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s hell, literally hell,\" Young wrote. \"It roars and rips like hell. ... It smells and terrifies like hell. It is as uncontrollable as hell. It is as black and hot as hell.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took seven months for the hundreds of workers engaged in the battle to rein in the gusher. In a feat of brute labor, they built a 20-foot-high circular sandbag dike around the well. The pool inside the dike was finally deep enough to reduce the gusher to what geologist Mike Clark describes as \"a gurgling spout.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762844\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-800x503.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"503\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762844\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-800x503.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-1020x641.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-1200x754.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lakeview Gusher, after it had been reduced from a towering geyser to what one writer called 'a gurgling spout.' The figure in the background is George Otis Smith, director of the U.S. Geological Survey. \u003ccite>(W.C. Mendenhall/U.S. Geological Survey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That didn't halt the flow. It kept coming until the well caved in, in September 1911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estimates of the volume of crude oil produced by the Lakeview gusher are astounding and a little all over the map. A 1920 U.S. Geological Survey report put the daily peak at 65,000 barrels, or 2.7 million gallons. Clark pegs the peak flow at nearly double that -- 125,000 barrels, or 5.25 million gallons, daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 18-month gusher total ranges from 8 million to 9.4 million barrels of oil -- 336 million to 395 million gallons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap]t first, the gusher was seen as a boon, a windfall of black gold. But as the well continued to spew forth month after month, it began to create a glut on the oil market and caused crude prices to fall by 50 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late July 1910, relaying reports that the gusher seemed nearly spent, the San Francisco Call said the news was cause for thanksgiving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Operators have been earnestly hoping that the Lakeview would be checked,\" the Call said. \"It is today the one demoralizing factor in the industry. It has heaped its enormous output on the market at a time when production and consumption were balanced. It came without warning, when neither physical storage facilities nor financial arrangements had been completed for its care. In itself it has been a source of untold expense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The glut occurred despite the fact millions of barrels of Lakeview oil never made it to market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762829\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 799px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/wkom-lakeview2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/wkom-lakeview2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"799\" height=\"629\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11762829\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/wkom-lakeview2.jpg 799w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/wkom-lakeview2-160x126.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 799px) 100vw, 799px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An oilfield crew poles a skiff across the surface of one of the 20 or so 'sumps,' or temporary reservoirs, created to contain the flow of the Lakeview Gusher in 1910. \u003ccite>(West Kern Oil Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Because the crude was stored in the open air for so long -- and through two blazing summers in the Kern County oil fields — much of it simply evaporated or percolated back into the ground. Estimates of the amount of crude lost this way generally range from 2 million to 6 million barrels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the Call's hopes, the gusher kept going for another 14 months. Later, Union oil company attempted to tap the well's underground reservoir again. The new well did produce oil — a mere 30 barrels a day — and was soon abandoned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More on the Kern County Oil Spill\" tag=\"kern-county-oil-spill\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to tap the subterranean reservoir that fed the Lakeview failed. According to one often-quoted summary, the other wells failed because the gusher's source was very hard to find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Lakeview reservoir was evidently a narrow, oil-filled channel of sandstone, only a few feet wide and about a mile long,\" a 2007 U.S. Geological Survey history of the gusher said. The Lakeview drillers had actually missed the reservoir by several feet, the USGS said, but the underground oil was at such high pressure it actually burst through sandstone and up the well bore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he question naturally arises: Are there still traces of this prodigious event?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are. If you're tempted sometime to get off I-5 and seek out \u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/maps/D4ScsUcaJJ9NYvXV6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the spot\u003c/a> — the site of an official \u003ca href=\"https://noehill.com/kern/cal0485.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">historical marker\u003c/a> -- you'll find it about 20 miles west of the freeway on a rural byway called Petroleum Club Road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides the marker, traces of the sandbag berm used to surround the well, and extensive areas of sand and soil still bearing traces of the century-old gusher, are still visible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762873\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/40372924911_3fd10f936d_o-e1563848101251.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/40372924911_3fd10f936d_o-800x289.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"289\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762873\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lakeview Gusher site, on Petroleum Club Road, outside Maricopa in southwestern Kern County. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://flic.kr/p/24vBN1g\" targe=\"_blank\">Wayne Hsieh/Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "The Chevron Oil Spill Is Big, But This One Was Bigger – a Lot Bigger | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>he closest most of us will ever get to the remote oil field site where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11762422/chevron-says-attempt-to-seal-off-well-may-have-triggered-big-kern-county-oil-spill\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a Chevron well has been leaking\u003c/a> crude petroleum for 2½ months is a fast trip on Interstate 5 on the way from the Bay Area to Los Angeles and back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you glance to the right as you head south on I-5 past the Buttonwillow exit -- just a glance, because you're probably going 80, maybe burning gasoline refined from California crude -- you'll see a range of low hills. Somewhere amid those distant ridges is where you'd find the Cymric oil field, the site of Chevron's leaking well.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It’s hell, literally hell. It roars and rips like hell. ... It smells and terrifies like hell. It is as uncontrollable as hell. It is as black and hot as hell.'\u003ccite>W.D. Young, California Oil World\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>This landscape is not tourist country, but there's a spot 20 miles or so from the Chevron well that's familiar to California petroleum geeks and should be better known generally: the site of the 1910 Lakeview Gusher, an 18-month oil well blowout that was the single biggest crude oil spill in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">O\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n New Year's Day 1909, during a period of intense oil exploration in the belt of hills stretching along the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, a newly organized company began drilling in a promising spot just north of the town of Maricopa, in southwestern Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For 14 months, no luck. Drillers had gone down more than 2,200 feet on the Lakeview No. 1 well and hadn't seen much to encourage them. By one account, Union Oil Co., which had bought a 51 percent interest in the well after the drilling started, decided it didn't want to sink any more time or money into what looked like a dry hole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early the morning of March 14 or 15, 1910 -- yes, there's a disagreement about the date -- before the drilling crew was told of Union's decision, their rig hit a snag deep in the well. A bailer, a long steel cylinder designed to clear rock debris from the hole, was hung up on something. As the crew tried to free it, an explosive rush of high-pressure gas blew the bailer back up the well shaft and shot it into the air with such force it ripped off the top of the oil derrick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lakeview Gusher was underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762835\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 581px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/97-057-002-Lakeview-men.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/97-057-002-Lakeview-men.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"581\" height=\"703\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11762835\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/97-057-002-Lakeview-men.jpg 581w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/97-057-002-Lakeview-men-160x194.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A crew poses with the Lakeview Gusher.. The well flowed uncontrolled from March 1910 through September 1911, covering the surrounding landscape in crude oil and destroying the oil derrick used to drill the gusher's bore. \u003ccite>(West Kern Oil Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"A roaring column of sand and oil 20 feet in diameter and 200 feet high gushed into the air, and issued a stream of oil at its base, dubbed the 'Trout Stream,' which flowed down every adjacent ditch and gully,\" writes Bakersfield petroleum geologist Mike Clark in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjvgeology.org/history/lakeview.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his account\u003c/a> of the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lakeview Gusher wasn't front-page news at first. But as crude oil continued to blast from the hole, it was regarded first as a natural wonder, then as a wild, uncontrollable force, and finally as a headache -- an outpouring so overwhelming that it blackened the countryside for miles around and produced so much oil so fast it created an oversupply that depressed the California oil market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762846\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-800x973.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"973\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762846\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-800x973.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-160x195.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-1020x1240.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-987x1200.jpg 987w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1-1920x2334.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-trib-a-1.jpg 1685w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Tribune's initial report on the Lakeview Gusher, published March 17, 1910. The Trib's report was accompanied by a large ad, lower left, for local investors who had sunk a well adjacent to the Lakeview property. About 20 new oil companies were formed in the weeks after the gusher began. One landowner reportedly turned down a offer of $200,000 -- more than $5 million in 2019 dollars -- for a 20-acre property near the Lakeview well. \u003ccite>(Oakland Tribune via Newspapers.com )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The biggest problem the Lakeview monster posed, as had other gushers in the California oil fields, was the nearly complete lack of infrastructure to deal with it. Nearby tank capacity was quickly used up and provisions had to be made to ship the oil for processing through the scant pipeline network in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">B\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ut first, some way had to be found to tame the flow. As streams of crude oil surged across the landscape, some worried it would reach (now vanished) Lake Buena Vista, a body of water on the edge of the valley that was used for irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers built dikes and primitive dams to contain the hundreds of thousands and then millions of barrels of oil that spouted from the well. Soon, the gusher was surrounded by 20 large ponds, or sumps, that slowly filled with black liquid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762841\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-800x490.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762841\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-800x490.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-160x98.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-1020x625.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1-1200x735.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-4-1.jpg 1919w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At left, a temporary dam built during the effort to contain the crude oil flowing from the Lakeview Gusher in 1910. One concern for those in the area was that oil would flow downhill into Lake Buena Vista, an important source for irrigation water in the country southwest of Bakersfield. \u003ccite>(W.C. Mendenhall/U.S. Geological Survey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A month after the Lakeview well blew, crews began building an enormous wooden box they hoped would stifle the exuberant outflow. The structure, said to have been crafted from enormous 14-by-14-inch timbers, took about a month to hammer together and tow into place over the gusher. It did nothing to stanch the torrent. Soon the structure began to disintegrate, and it vanished when the ground beneath it collapsed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762832\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762832\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-800x501.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"501\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-800x501.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-1020x639.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box-1200x751.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-gusher-box.jpg 1522w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A postcard showing the large wooden 'hood' built to try to contain the Lakeview Gusher in 1910. The force of the oil blasting from the well destroyed the structure. \u003ccite>(eBay)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By some accounts, the torrent reached a height of 480 feet at times. Newspapers reported it could be seen from downtown Bakersfield, 35 miles to the northeast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier gushers had come and gone, including some that briefly reached the same astounding rate of flow the Lakeview attained. But no one had seen anything like this -- a hydrocarbon geyser that continued day after day, week after week, month after month. It became a postcard subject and tourist attraction, even though fire and toxic gases posed a constant danger and spectators ran the risk of being drenched in oil if the wind shifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762834\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-800x508.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"508\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762834\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-800x508.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard-1200x761.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-postcard.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Postcard showing the Lakeview Gusher in the weeks after it began in March 1910. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Chris Otto/Papergreat.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762913\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-800x505.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"505\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762913\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-1020x643.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1-1200x757.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/POSTCARD_REVERSE_1.jpg 1652w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Message on a postcard, sent in September 1910, depicting Lakeview Gusher. 'This view is of the famous oil well at Maricopa, maybe you have read about it.' \u003ccite>(Courtesy Chris Otto/Papergreat.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">E\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>asily the most vivid account of a visit to the Lakeview Gusher came from W.D. Young, who worked in the Kern County petroleum industry. Writing in a long extinct journal called California Oil World, he described the scene:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s hell, literally hell,\" Young wrote. \"It roars and rips like hell. ... It smells and terrifies like hell. It is as uncontrollable as hell. It is as black and hot as hell.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took seven months for the hundreds of workers engaged in the battle to rein in the gusher. In a feat of brute labor, they built a 20-foot-high circular sandbag dike around the well. The pool inside the dike was finally deep enough to reduce the gusher to what geologist Mike Clark describes as \"a gurgling spout.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762844\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-800x503.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"503\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762844\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-800x503.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-1020x641.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1-1200x754.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/lakeview-usgs-mendenhall-2-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lakeview Gusher, after it had been reduced from a towering geyser to what one writer called 'a gurgling spout.' The figure in the background is George Otis Smith, director of the U.S. Geological Survey. \u003ccite>(W.C. Mendenhall/U.S. Geological Survey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That didn't halt the flow. It kept coming until the well caved in, in September 1911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estimates of the volume of crude oil produced by the Lakeview gusher are astounding and a little all over the map. A 1920 U.S. Geological Survey report put the daily peak at 65,000 barrels, or 2.7 million gallons. Clark pegs the peak flow at nearly double that -- 125,000 barrels, or 5.25 million gallons, daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 18-month gusher total ranges from 8 million to 9.4 million barrels of oil -- 336 million to 395 million gallons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">A\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>t first, the gusher was seen as a boon, a windfall of black gold. But as the well continued to spew forth month after month, it began to create a glut on the oil market and caused crude prices to fall by 50 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late July 1910, relaying reports that the gusher seemed nearly spent, the San Francisco Call said the news was cause for thanksgiving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Operators have been earnestly hoping that the Lakeview would be checked,\" the Call said. \"It is today the one demoralizing factor in the industry. It has heaped its enormous output on the market at a time when production and consumption were balanced. It came without warning, when neither physical storage facilities nor financial arrangements had been completed for its care. In itself it has been a source of untold expense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The glut occurred despite the fact millions of barrels of Lakeview oil never made it to market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762829\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 799px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/wkom-lakeview2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/wkom-lakeview2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"799\" height=\"629\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11762829\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/wkom-lakeview2.jpg 799w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/wkom-lakeview2-160x126.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 799px) 100vw, 799px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An oilfield crew poles a skiff across the surface of one of the 20 or so 'sumps,' or temporary reservoirs, created to contain the flow of the Lakeview Gusher in 1910. \u003ccite>(West Kern Oil Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Because the crude was stored in the open air for so long -- and through two blazing summers in the Kern County oil fields — much of it simply evaporated or percolated back into the ground. Estimates of the amount of crude lost this way generally range from 2 million to 6 million barrels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the Call's hopes, the gusher kept going for another 14 months. Later, Union oil company attempted to tap the well's underground reservoir again. The new well did produce oil — a mere 30 barrels a day — and was soon abandoned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to tap the subterranean reservoir that fed the Lakeview failed. According to one often-quoted summary, the other wells failed because the gusher's source was very hard to find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Lakeview reservoir was evidently a narrow, oil-filled channel of sandstone, only a few feet wide and about a mile long,\" a 2007 U.S. Geological Survey history of the gusher said. The Lakeview drillers had actually missed the reservoir by several feet, the USGS said, but the underground oil was at such high pressure it actually burst through sandstone and up the well bore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>he question naturally arises: Are there still traces of this prodigious event?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are. If you're tempted sometime to get off I-5 and seek out \u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/maps/D4ScsUcaJJ9NYvXV6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the spot\u003c/a> — the site of an official \u003ca href=\"https://noehill.com/kern/cal0485.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">historical marker\u003c/a> -- you'll find it about 20 miles west of the freeway on a rural byway called Petroleum Club Road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides the marker, traces of the sandbag berm used to surround the well, and extensive areas of sand and soil still bearing traces of the century-old gusher, are still visible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762873\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/40372924911_3fd10f936d_o-e1563848101251.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/40372924911_3fd10f936d_o-800x289.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"289\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762873\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lakeview Gusher site, on Petroleum Club Road, outside Maricopa in southwestern Kern County. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://flic.kr/p/24vBN1g\" targe=\"_blank\">Wayne Hsieh/Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "As Chevron Gets Ready to Appeal State Order, Kern County Spill Continues to Grow",
"title": "As Chevron Gets Ready to Appeal State Order, Kern County Spill Continues to Grow",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 23, 2019 at 9:45 a.m. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the largest oil spills in California in decades is still growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron told state regulators on Monday that large quantities of crude oil and water continue to flow from a well site in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company now says says 974,400 gallons of fluid has flowed to the surface in the Cymric oil field, near the town of McKittrick and about 35 miles west of Bakersfield, since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760192/chevron-well-has-leaked-a-quarter-million-gallons-of-oil-in-central-valley-since-may\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the incident\u003c/a> was first detected in May. The new amount is 120,000 gallons more than the company reported Friday\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"kern-county-oil-spill\" label=\"More on Kern County Spill\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a third of the fluid mixture — about 325,000 gallons — is believed to be crude petroleum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron also said that the flow has appeared in two new locations several hundred feet from a damaged, abandoned well that company officials have said is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11762422/chevron-says-attempt-to-seal-off-well-may-have-triggered-big-kern-county-oil-spill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the probable source\u003c/a> of the flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That brings to five the number of spots — formally called surface expressions — where oil has leaked to the surface. The company said Monday the material continues to flow into a dry creek bed, where it has been contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron told state officials on Monday it plans to appeal \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761141/state-orders-chevron-to-stop-massive-crude-oil-release-in-kern-county-oil-field\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an order\u003c/a> from regulators ordering the company to \"take all measures\" to stop the flow and prevent a recurrence of the releases. The company says the directive from the state Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources is lacking in specifics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This required remedial action is vague as to, among other things, the meaning of 'all measures' and 'near the subject well,'\" the company said in its intent to appeal. The company says it needs \"clarity as to what DOGGR is asking it to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron was given 10 days to provide the division with information about the incident and its oil well operations over the last two years. The company says it is not opposed to providing the division with information but \"this order does not set forth the scope and timing of the data requests.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOGGR order also called on a Chevron technical team to meet with agency officials by Tuesday. That meeting is still scheduled to take place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teresa Schilling, a spokesperson for the Department of Conservation, which oversees DOGGR, pushed back against Chevron's intention to appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The order speaks for itself. Chevron must immediately take all measures necessary to stop this surface expression and prevent any new ones from occurring,\" Schilling said in an email Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron says the initial leak began May 10 after its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11762422/chevron-says-attempt-to-seal-off-well-may-have-triggered-big-kern-county-oil-spill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">crews tried to seal off a damaged and abandoned well\u003c/a>. The company says efforts to confirm the source of the original leak and shut it down unleashed higher flows in the weeks after the initial release was discovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident is believed to be the largest oil spill in California since 1990, when a tanker spilled more than 400,000 gallons of crude into the Pacific Ocean near Huntington Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Chevron says the current spill has fouled less than an acre and already and that much of the spilled material has been recaptured. The company and state officials say no wildlife has been affected by the releases and it should not contaminate water sources\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The company says the oil field incident has resulted in release of nearly 1 million gallons of crude oil and water. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 23, 2019 at 9:45 a.m. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the largest oil spills in California in decades is still growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron told state regulators on Monday that large quantities of crude oil and water continue to flow from a well site in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company now says says 974,400 gallons of fluid has flowed to the surface in the Cymric oil field, near the town of McKittrick and about 35 miles west of Bakersfield, since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760192/chevron-well-has-leaked-a-quarter-million-gallons-of-oil-in-central-valley-since-may\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the incident\u003c/a> was first detected in May. The new amount is 120,000 gallons more than the company reported Friday\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a third of the fluid mixture — about 325,000 gallons — is believed to be crude petroleum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron also said that the flow has appeared in two new locations several hundred feet from a damaged, abandoned well that company officials have said is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11762422/chevron-says-attempt-to-seal-off-well-may-have-triggered-big-kern-county-oil-spill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the probable source\u003c/a> of the flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That brings to five the number of spots — formally called surface expressions — where oil has leaked to the surface. The company said Monday the material continues to flow into a dry creek bed, where it has been contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron told state officials on Monday it plans to appeal \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761141/state-orders-chevron-to-stop-massive-crude-oil-release-in-kern-county-oil-field\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an order\u003c/a> from regulators ordering the company to \"take all measures\" to stop the flow and prevent a recurrence of the releases. The company says the directive from the state Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources is lacking in specifics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This required remedial action is vague as to, among other things, the meaning of 'all measures' and 'near the subject well,'\" the company said in its intent to appeal. The company says it needs \"clarity as to what DOGGR is asking it to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron was given 10 days to provide the division with information about the incident and its oil well operations over the last two years. The company says it is not opposed to providing the division with information but \"this order does not set forth the scope and timing of the data requests.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOGGR order also called on a Chevron technical team to meet with agency officials by Tuesday. That meeting is still scheduled to take place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Scientist Malcolm Rosenthal works at UC Berkeley and studies the mating habits of spiders. That means observing a lot of spiders have sex. And there's more to the observations than just the visual.\u003cbr>\nRosenthal can actually hear the spiders courting and mating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Many species including wolf spiders make a kind of mating call by tapping their legs on the ground, vibrating their abdomens, and rubbing together their pedipalps, little appendages on their faces. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenthal makes a recording of these vibrations and movements with a “doppler laser vibrometer.” Spiders are too small to make noises we can hear; but with the vibrometer, we can translate their movements into sound. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenthal then listens and analyzes the recordings to learn more about the inner-workings of spider mating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the full surround sound effect, you should throw on a pair of headphones before you listen!\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story comes to us from Chris Hoff and Sam Harnett of\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The World According to Sound podcast\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. They’re partnering with the\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://lighthouse-sf.org/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in San Francisco to help us reimagine California in the rich way blind people experience it every day. The project has additional support from\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://calhum.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> California Humanities\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Scientist Malcolm Rosenthal works at UC Berkeley and studies the mating habits of spiders. That means observing a lot of spiders have sex. And there's more to the observations than just the visual.\u003cbr>\nRosenthal can actually hear the spiders courting and mating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Many species including wolf spiders make a kind of mating call by tapping their legs on the ground, vibrating their abdomens, and rubbing together their pedipalps, little appendages on their faces. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenthal makes a recording of these vibrations and movements with a “doppler laser vibrometer.” Spiders are too small to make noises we can hear; but with the vibrometer, we can translate their movements into sound. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenthal then listens and analyzes the recordings to learn more about the inner-workings of spider mating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the full surround sound effect, you should throw on a pair of headphones before you listen!\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story comes to us from Chris Hoff and Sam Harnett of\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The World According to Sound podcast\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. They’re partnering with the\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://lighthouse-sf.org/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in San Francisco to help us reimagine California in the rich way blind people experience it every day. The project has additional support from\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://calhum.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> California Humanities\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The California condor, North America’s largest bird, once ruled the American Southwest and California’s coastal mountains. The vulture-like bird was \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=23527\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">revered\u003c/a> by Native Americans and was believed to contain spiritual powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of years later, its future seemed all but certain. Defying odds, conservation efforts brought the species back and prevented it from joining the dodo in extinction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, condor reintroduction celebrates a milestone: Chick No. 1,000 has hatched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, fewer than two dozen condors were left in the world. Conservationists rounded up the remaining condors and began breeding them in captivity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.iucn.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Union for Conservation of Nature\u003c/a>, the condor became critically endangered in the 20\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> century — one classification behind extinct in the wild. \u003ca href=\"https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/california-condor\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The decline\u003c/a> came from poaching, habitat destruction and lead poisoning as condors \u003ca href=\"https://www.audubon.org/news/lead-ammo-top-threat-condors-now-outlawed-california\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">scavenged for carrion containing lead shots\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, more than 300 California condors exist in the wild. Including captivity breeding programs, there are more than 500 in the world, says Tim Hauck, the condor program manager at the Peregrine Fund.\u003cbr>\nhttps://twitter.com/OregonZoo/status/1149726132024950785\u003cbr>\nThe 1,000\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> successful birth signifies an optimistic future for the condor recovery mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing more chicks born in the wild than we ever have before,” Hauck told NPR’s Scott Simon. “And that’s just a step towards success for the condor and achieving a sustainable population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hatchling is currently in Zion National Park — it emerged from its shell in May, but its survival was just confirmed in July. The chick, whose sex cannot be identified without a blood test, will fledge or take flight for the first time in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762687\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"This March 2019 photo taken through a spotting scope and provided by the National Park Service shows a condor nesting site in Utah's Zion National Park. Park rangers estimate the California condor hatched in May, nestled in a crevice of a sweeping red-rock cliff.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762687\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d.jpg 1854w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This March 2019 photo taken through a spotting scope and provided by the National Park Service shows a condor nesting site in Utah’s Zion National Park. Park rangers estimate the California condor hatched in May, nestled in a crevice of a sweeping red-rock cliff. \u003ccite>(National Park Service/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the chick successfully leaves the nest, it can expect to someday \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/c/california-condor/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">grow up to have a 10-foot wingspan\u003c/a>, or the size of a 6-foot-tall man. The bird’s average lifespan is 60 years, one of the world’s longest-living bird species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond its outsize proportions, the California condor is special for a number of reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Condors are one of the very unique species of birds in North America and in the world, for that matter. They’re extremely personable,” Hauck says. “They’ll have individual personalities. And as biologists, we really get to know these birds on a one-to-one level, so they end up meaning quite a bit to us, and we get quite attached.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His work in withstanding condor extinction is far from over, but for now, Hauck is celebrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here’s to seeing that population increase every year,” Hauck says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Dana Cronin and Melissa Gray produced and edited this story for broadcast.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nThe 1,000\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> successful birth signifies an optimistic future for the condor recovery mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing more chicks born in the wild than we ever have before,” Hauck told NPR’s Scott Simon. “And that’s just a step towards success for the condor and achieving a sustainable population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hatchling is currently in Zion National Park — it emerged from its shell in May, but its survival was just confirmed in July. The chick, whose sex cannot be identified without a blood test, will fledge or take flight for the first time in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762687\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"This March 2019 photo taken through a spotting scope and provided by the National Park Service shows a condor nesting site in Utah's Zion National Park. Park rangers estimate the California condor hatched in May, nestled in a crevice of a sweeping red-rock cliff.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762687\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/ap_19192609720314-1444b9a622bdeba5e6f67d51dad2db6ca7561d1d.jpg 1854w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This March 2019 photo taken through a spotting scope and provided by the National Park Service shows a condor nesting site in Utah’s Zion National Park. Park rangers estimate the California condor hatched in May, nestled in a crevice of a sweeping red-rock cliff. \u003ccite>(National Park Service/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the chick successfully leaves the nest, it can expect to someday \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/c/california-condor/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">grow up to have a 10-foot wingspan\u003c/a>, or the size of a 6-foot-tall man. The bird’s average lifespan is 60 years, one of the world’s longest-living bird species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond its outsize proportions, the California condor is special for a number of reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Condors are one of the very unique species of birds in North America and in the world, for that matter. They’re extremely personable,” Hauck says. “They’ll have individual personalities. And as biologists, we really get to know these birds on a one-to-one level, so they end up meaning quite a bit to us, and we get quite attached.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His work in withstanding condor extinction is far from over, but for now, Hauck is celebrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here’s to seeing that population increase every year,” Hauck says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Dana Cronin and Melissa Gray produced and edited this story for broadcast.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Camp Fire-Ravaged Butte County to Use New Siren to Warn of Evacuations",
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"content": "\u003cp>Butte County is set to unveil a new siren warning aimed at alerting residents to evacuate during emergencies, nearly nine months after 85 people in the county died in the devastating Camp Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The European-style siren has been installed in the county's patrol vehicles, Butte County Sheriff Kory Honea said in an interview with KQED News. He said his department has developed a policy that calls for using it when deputies don't have the ability to go door to door to warn citizens of an imminent threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will go through neighborhoods sounding that particular siren. That's the only time we will use it. It means there's an evacuation in effect in that area,\" Honea said, adding that the tone is different from emergency sirens normally heard in the United States, which will in theory make it standout in an evacuation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said while having uniformed law enforcement knock on doors is the most effective way to notify people, it's unrealistic during a major disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no jurisdiction that has a sufficient number of resources,\" Honea said, \"especially when you're dealing with a no-notice event like the Camp Fire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inability of counties to effectively alert residents of a fast-approaching wildfire was an issue \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711175/butte-county-to-reassess-emergency-alert-system-in-aftermath-of-camp-fire\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">during the Camp Fire\u003c/a> as well as the North Bay Fires in 2017. This fire season, PG&E has begun \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11750896/cpuc-pge-deenergization-wildfire-safety-power-shutoffs\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">preemptive shutdowns\u003c/a> of power lines during high fire danger, leading some residents to worry about how that could impact evacuation warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710539/its-been-a-blur-butte-county-sheriff-looks-back-on-camp-fire-one-month-later\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">'It's Been a Blur': Butte County Sheriff Looks Back on Camp Fire One Month Later\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710539/its-been-a-blur-butte-county-sheriff-looks-back-on-camp-fire-one-month-later\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/Honea2-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654667/map-where-the-north-bay-fires-burned-and-who-was-called-to-evacuate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MAP: Where the North Bay Fires Burned and Who Was Called to Evacuate\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654667/map-where-the-north-bay-fires-burned-and-who-was-called-to-evacuate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/MapFeaturedImg.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"For some, a Facebook notice was the only notice they got (during the Camp Fire),\" said Chico resident Susan Sullivan outside of a recent hearing on PG&E's proposed rate increases. \"With power shutoffs, that notice won't be there. There won't be Facebook to get the word out. Phones might not be charged.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan also flagged concerns about whether law enforcement vehicles blaring the new evacuation siren will be able to make it into neighborhoods if a disaster has already brought down trees and power lines, rendering roads impassable. But she said any attempts to improve emergency communications is welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anything is a help,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff Honea hopes the new siren will help maximize his agency's reach during an emergency, noting that it's difficult to ensure universal communications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No matter how many platforms you message on, there is no way to ensure 100% saturation of your message,\" Honea said. \"Technology may fail you when the infrastructure goes down. So I think we need to bring a clear understanding of what our capabilities are and manage expectations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honea says the idea to install the European-style siren tones in Butte County vehicles is borrowed from similar initiatives taken by Sonoma and Napa counties following the North Bay Fires in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Malibu is \u003ca href=\"https://www.radiomalibu.net/city-will-call-cell-phones-and-landlines-in-2-weeks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">considering\u003c/a> stationary loudspeaker siren towers so it can broadcast audio messages using renewable power sources that would serve as an alternative in case the primary power infrastructure fails. Malibu was hit by the deadly Woolsey Fire just as the Camp Fire was ravaging Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Butte County is set to unveil a new siren warning aimed at alerting residents to evacuate during emergencies, nearly nine months after 85 people in the county died in the devastating Camp Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The European-style siren has been installed in the county's patrol vehicles, Butte County Sheriff Kory Honea said in an interview with KQED News. He said his department has developed a policy that calls for using it when deputies don't have the ability to go door to door to warn citizens of an imminent threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will go through neighborhoods sounding that particular siren. That's the only time we will use it. It means there's an evacuation in effect in that area,\" Honea said, adding that the tone is different from emergency sirens normally heard in the United States, which will in theory make it standout in an evacuation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said while having uniformed law enforcement knock on doors is the most effective way to notify people, it's unrealistic during a major disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no jurisdiction that has a sufficient number of resources,\" Honea said, \"especially when you're dealing with a no-notice event like the Camp Fire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inability of counties to effectively alert residents of a fast-approaching wildfire was an issue \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711175/butte-county-to-reassess-emergency-alert-system-in-aftermath-of-camp-fire\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">during the Camp Fire\u003c/a> as well as the North Bay Fires in 2017. This fire season, PG&E has begun \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11750896/cpuc-pge-deenergization-wildfire-safety-power-shutoffs\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">preemptive shutdowns\u003c/a> of power lines during high fire danger, leading some residents to worry about how that could impact evacuation warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710539/its-been-a-blur-butte-county-sheriff-looks-back-on-camp-fire-one-month-later\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">'It's Been a Blur': Butte County Sheriff Looks Back on Camp Fire One Month Later\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710539/its-been-a-blur-butte-county-sheriff-looks-back-on-camp-fire-one-month-later\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/Honea2-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654667/map-where-the-north-bay-fires-burned-and-who-was-called-to-evacuate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MAP: Where the North Bay Fires Burned and Who Was Called to Evacuate\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654667/map-where-the-north-bay-fires-burned-and-who-was-called-to-evacuate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/MapFeaturedImg.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"For some, a Facebook notice was the only notice they got (during the Camp Fire),\" said Chico resident Susan Sullivan outside of a recent hearing on PG&E's proposed rate increases. \"With power shutoffs, that notice won't be there. There won't be Facebook to get the word out. Phones might not be charged.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan also flagged concerns about whether law enforcement vehicles blaring the new evacuation siren will be able to make it into neighborhoods if a disaster has already brought down trees and power lines, rendering roads impassable. But she said any attempts to improve emergency communications is welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anything is a help,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff Honea hopes the new siren will help maximize his agency's reach during an emergency, noting that it's difficult to ensure universal communications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No matter how many platforms you message on, there is no way to ensure 100% saturation of your message,\" Honea said. \"Technology may fail you when the infrastructure goes down. So I think we need to bring a clear understanding of what our capabilities are and manage expectations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honea says the idea to install the European-style siren tones in Butte County vehicles is borrowed from similar initiatives taken by Sonoma and Napa counties following the North Bay Fires in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Malibu is \u003ca href=\"https://www.radiomalibu.net/city-will-call-cell-phones-and-landlines-in-2-weeks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">considering\u003c/a> stationary loudspeaker siren towers so it can broadcast audio messages using renewable power sources that would serve as an alternative in case the primary power infrastructure fails. Malibu was hit by the deadly Woolsey Fire just as the Camp Fire was ravaging Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Chevron Says Attempt to Seal Off Well May Have Triggered Big Kern County Oil Spill",
"title": "Chevron Says Attempt to Seal Off Well May Have Triggered Big Kern County Oil Spill",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 12:30 p.m. Saturday, July 20\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron says that its crews' efforts to seal off a damaged and abandoned well in a Kern County oil field are believed to have started a chain of events that led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760192/chevron-well-has-leaked-a-quarter-million-gallons-of-oil-in-central-valley-since-may\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the unintentional release\u003c/a> of an estimated 855,000 gallons of oil and water over the last two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company also said in a background briefing Friday that it believes its attempts to confirm the source of the original leak and shut it down unleashed even higher flows in the weeks after the initial problem was discovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"kern-county-oil-spill\" label=\"More on Kern County Spill\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident, which began May 10, led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761141/state-orders-chevron-to-stop-massive-crude-oil-release-in-kern-county-oil-field\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an order\u003c/a> from state oil and gas regulators for Chevron to \"take all measures\" to stop the spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flow reactivated this week, pouring about 62,000 additional gallons of liquid into a dry creek bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill, which state officials have said consists of about one-third crude oil, was first reported by KQED last week and prompted calls from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11762169/key-state-lawmakers-to-call-for-hearings-into-chevron-oil-spill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state legislators\u003c/a> who want to know what happened at the well site and why it so long for the incident to become public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron officials say they've traced the spill — formally called a surface expression and which they refer to as a seep — to work the company says it routinely does to keep tabs on wells that have been taken out of production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We continue to evaluate the source of the seep, but believe the likely cause to be related to the abandonment of a well,\" Chevron spokesman Morgan Crinklaw said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The well was one of the 40 or so that Chevron typically abandons each year in the Cymric oil field, just outside the town of McKittrick and 35 miles west of Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron says the well in question had been taken out of production and \"plugged and abandoned\" -- filled with concrete -- because of damage in the bore hole that posed a risk of material flowing to the surface from the Cymric's underground reservoir of crude oil and water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand the abandonment process and why crude oil might have begun flowing again from a plugged well requires a short detour into some of what's going on inside an oil well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Petroleum well bores include a casing -- basically a steel pipe -- that is run down into a hole after it's drilled. Cement is pumped into the hole to hold the casing in place and create a barrier around the casing to minimize the possibility of an uncontrolled flow of crude oil, natural gas and subterranean water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That flow could enter groundwater or adjacent layers of rock and gradually seep to the surface. In an extreme case, an uncontrolled flow could occur as \u003ca href=\"https://www.rigzone.com/training/insight.asp?insight_id=300&c_id=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a blowout\u003c/a>, an explosive release of oil and gas that manifests itself as a fire or oil gusher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron says that when it abandons a well, it plugs the bore hole with cement to a depth intended to ensure it's permanently sealed. If data from oil field monitoring raises questions about the seal — perhaps because of cracks in the cement plug — it may be \"re-entered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Re-entry\" is essentially a \"redo\" of the abandonment process: Crews use instruments to investigate whether cement in the abandoned well is faulty. If it is, they use a special rig to remove the old cement from the bore hole, then replace it with new cement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron says that in May it was in the process of re-entering some of its abandoned Cymric wells to provide new cement barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company says that the initial flows from the previously damaged well, first reported to state officials on May 10, began when it was re-entered. The releases occurred again at a larger scale on June 8 when Chevron conducted a pressure test in the area to confirm the cause of the May flow. Even more oil and water began pouring from the site on June 23 when crews attempted to complete the job of replacing cement in the re-entered well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Ehlig-Economides, a professor of petroleum engineering at the University of Houston, said in an email interview that the cement used to seal bore holes can fracture and that the resulting gaps can allow liquid or gas to begin flowing into adjacent rock areas or to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ehlig-Economides said that cement cracks have a variety of potential causes. They include high temperatures or other environmental conditions in a bore hole, ground motion due to earthquakes or land subsidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that while cement leaks are rare, oil field operators are well versed in how to address them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is analogous to indoor plumbing behind walls,\" Ehlig-Economides said. \"Once the plumber knows where the problem is, he/she knows how to fix it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she also said the process of figuring out exactly what happened and why can be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is frustrating for them (Chevron) and anyone who knows of the leak problem that it takes time to fix it,\" Ehlig-Economides said. The fact the company is dealing with a problem underground and out of sight means \"it takes time to work out exactly what happened and what to do about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the event appears to be the largest California oil spill since 1990, when a tanker spilled 417,000 gallons of Alaskan crude into the Pacific near the Orange County city of Huntington Beach, Chevron says the current incident fouled less than an acre. The company also says about 90 percent of the spilled material, which wound up at the bottom of a dry streambed, has been recaptured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron is expected to discuss information about the spill and its cause with staff of the Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 12:30 p.m. Saturday, July 20\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron says that its crews' efforts to seal off a damaged and abandoned well in a Kern County oil field are believed to have started a chain of events that led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760192/chevron-well-has-leaked-a-quarter-million-gallons-of-oil-in-central-valley-since-may\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the unintentional release\u003c/a> of an estimated 855,000 gallons of oil and water over the last two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company also said in a background briefing Friday that it believes its attempts to confirm the source of the original leak and shut it down unleashed even higher flows in the weeks after the initial problem was discovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident, which began May 10, led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761141/state-orders-chevron-to-stop-massive-crude-oil-release-in-kern-county-oil-field\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an order\u003c/a> from state oil and gas regulators for Chevron to \"take all measures\" to stop the spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flow reactivated this week, pouring about 62,000 additional gallons of liquid into a dry creek bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spill, which state officials have said consists of about one-third crude oil, was first reported by KQED last week and prompted calls from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11762169/key-state-lawmakers-to-call-for-hearings-into-chevron-oil-spill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state legislators\u003c/a> who want to know what happened at the well site and why it so long for the incident to become public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron officials say they've traced the spill — formally called a surface expression and which they refer to as a seep — to work the company says it routinely does to keep tabs on wells that have been taken out of production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We continue to evaluate the source of the seep, but believe the likely cause to be related to the abandonment of a well,\" Chevron spokesman Morgan Crinklaw said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The well was one of the 40 or so that Chevron typically abandons each year in the Cymric oil field, just outside the town of McKittrick and 35 miles west of Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron says the well in question had been taken out of production and \"plugged and abandoned\" -- filled with concrete -- because of damage in the bore hole that posed a risk of material flowing to the surface from the Cymric's underground reservoir of crude oil and water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand the abandonment process and why crude oil might have begun flowing again from a plugged well requires a short detour into some of what's going on inside an oil well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Petroleum well bores include a casing -- basically a steel pipe -- that is run down into a hole after it's drilled. Cement is pumped into the hole to hold the casing in place and create a barrier around the casing to minimize the possibility of an uncontrolled flow of crude oil, natural gas and subterranean water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That flow could enter groundwater or adjacent layers of rock and gradually seep to the surface. In an extreme case, an uncontrolled flow could occur as \u003ca href=\"https://www.rigzone.com/training/insight.asp?insight_id=300&c_id=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a blowout\u003c/a>, an explosive release of oil and gas that manifests itself as a fire or oil gusher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron says that when it abandons a well, it plugs the bore hole with cement to a depth intended to ensure it's permanently sealed. If data from oil field monitoring raises questions about the seal — perhaps because of cracks in the cement plug — it may be \"re-entered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Re-entry\" is essentially a \"redo\" of the abandonment process: Crews use instruments to investigate whether cement in the abandoned well is faulty. If it is, they use a special rig to remove the old cement from the bore hole, then replace it with new cement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron says that in May it was in the process of re-entering some of its abandoned Cymric wells to provide new cement barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company says that the initial flows from the previously damaged well, first reported to state officials on May 10, began when it was re-entered. The releases occurred again at a larger scale on June 8 when Chevron conducted a pressure test in the area to confirm the cause of the May flow. Even more oil and water began pouring from the site on June 23 when crews attempted to complete the job of replacing cement in the re-entered well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Ehlig-Economides, a professor of petroleum engineering at the University of Houston, said in an email interview that the cement used to seal bore holes can fracture and that the resulting gaps can allow liquid or gas to begin flowing into adjacent rock areas or to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ehlig-Economides said that cement cracks have a variety of potential causes. They include high temperatures or other environmental conditions in a bore hole, ground motion due to earthquakes or land subsidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that while cement leaks are rare, oil field operators are well versed in how to address them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is analogous to indoor plumbing behind walls,\" Ehlig-Economides said. \"Once the plumber knows where the problem is, he/she knows how to fix it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she also said the process of figuring out exactly what happened and why can be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is frustrating for them (Chevron) and anyone who knows of the leak problem that it takes time to fix it,\" Ehlig-Economides said. The fact the company is dealing with a problem underground and out of sight means \"it takes time to work out exactly what happened and what to do about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the event appears to be the largest California oil spill since 1990, when a tanker spilled 417,000 gallons of Alaskan crude into the Pacific near the Orange County city of Huntington Beach, Chevron says the current incident fouled less than an acre. The company also says about 90 percent of the spilled material, which wound up at the bottom of a dry streambed, has been recaptured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron is expected to discuss information about the spill and its cause with staff of the Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Lake Tahoe Nearly Full After Stormy Winter; Potentially Enough Water for Three Summers",
"title": "Lake Tahoe Nearly Full After Stormy Winter; Potentially Enough Water for Three Summers",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Lake Tahoe is the fullest it has been in nearly two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials say the alpine lake on the California-Nevada border is approaching the legal limit after snowmelt from a stormy winter left enough water to potentially last through three summers of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Chad Blanchard, a federal water master in Reno']'We've had big (snow) years, but this one is unique as far as being up within an inch of being full and it's just hanging there.'[/pullquote]For three weeks, Tahoe has been within an inch (25 millimeters) of its maximum allowed surface elevation of 6,229.1 feet (1,898 meters) above sea level. It crept to within a half-inch (13 millimeters) earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chad Blanchard, a federal water master in Reno responsible for managing the water, told the \u003ca href=\"https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2019/07/12/lake-tahoe-almost-full-thats-great-news-renos-water-supply/1714801001/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reno Gazette Journal\u003c/a> it's the longest he has seen the lake stay that high for so long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a rare year,\" he said. \"I've been doing this for 26 years, and we've had big (snow) years, but this one is unique as far as being up within an inch of being full and it's just hanging there. ... It's a product of still having so much snow up there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762502\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762502\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Lake Tahoe on March 31, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lake Tahoe on March 31, 2019. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lake Tahoe, the second-deepest lake in the U.S. at about 1,645 feet (501 meters), typically holds enough water to cover the entire state of California with 14 inches (35 centimeters) of the wet stuff. Only Oregon's Crater Lake is deeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As winter snow continues to melt from mountaintops and into Tahoe, the rate of summertime surface evaporation is beginning to pick up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762516\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762516\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Lake Tahoe on July 10, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lake Tahoe on July 10, 2019. \u003ccite>(David Zach/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Blanchard says the lake soon will reach a point of equilibrium when snowmelt slows and the rate of evaporation increases. Then, the lake level will begin to drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='snow' label='Related Coverage']\"What it means going forward is a good water supply for three years,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal limit of the lake plays a role in determining if, when and how much water is spilled into the Truckee River at a dam in Tahoe City, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Jose Mercury News reported the lake level has risen 8 feet (2.5 meters) since the beginning of 2016, when it hit a low point during California's five-year drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer will be the third time in the past three years that the lake has come up to the edge of its legal limit. That previously happened in 1998, 1999 and 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For three weeks, Tahoe has been within an inch (25 millimeters) of its maximum allowed surface elevation of 6,229.1 feet (1,898 meters) above sea level. It crept to within a half-inch (13 millimeters) earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chad Blanchard, a federal water master in Reno responsible for managing the water, told the \u003ca href=\"https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2019/07/12/lake-tahoe-almost-full-thats-great-news-renos-water-supply/1714801001/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reno Gazette Journal\u003c/a> it's the longest he has seen the lake stay that high for so long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a rare year,\" he said. \"I've been doing this for 26 years, and we've had big (snow) years, but this one is unique as far as being up within an inch of being full and it's just hanging there. ... It's a product of still having so much snow up there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762502\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762502\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Lake Tahoe on March 31, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_tahoe_severn_march-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lake Tahoe on March 31, 2019. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lake Tahoe, the second-deepest lake in the U.S. at about 1,645 feet (501 meters), typically holds enough water to cover the entire state of California with 14 inches (35 centimeters) of the wet stuff. Only Oregon's Crater Lake is deeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As winter snow continues to melt from mountaintops and into Tahoe, the rate of summertime surface evaporation is beginning to pick up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762516\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762516\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Lake Tahoe on July 10, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07192019_lake-tahoe_snow_winter_water_zach-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lake Tahoe on July 10, 2019. \u003ccite>(David Zach/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Blanchard says the lake soon will reach a point of equilibrium when snowmelt slows and the rate of evaporation increases. Then, the lake level will begin to drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"What it means going forward is a good water supply for three years,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal limit of the lake plays a role in determining if, when and how much water is spilled into the Truckee River at a dam in Tahoe City, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Jose Mercury News reported the lake level has risen 8 feet (2.5 meters) since the beginning of 2016, when it hit a low point during California's five-year drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer will be the third time in the past three years that the lake has come up to the edge of its legal limit. That previously happened in 1998, 1999 and 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Why Isn't Local Seafood a Bigger Deal in the Bay Area?",
"headTitle": "Why Isn’t Local Seafood a Bigger Deal in the Bay Area? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Rayan Rafay was prepared to be blown away by Bay Area seafood when he moved here in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After growing up on the East Coast, he had been amazed by the seafood he encountered when he moved to Vancouver, British Columbia.[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just this like magical wonderland of seafood,” he said. “Chefs just did things with seafood on the West Coast that I’d never even imagined in my lemon butter world of fish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafay said he saw this in Vancouver, Seattle and Portland, and he assumed he would find the same thing when he moved to the Bay Area. After all, it’s a place with a long tradition of fishing and home to many immigrant groups — Chinese, Japanese, Italians and others — for whom fish play a big part in culture and diet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafay even went out on local waters with a commercial fisherman and caught his own rock cod and halibut. But back on land, he wasn’t seeing those local catches showing up on many local menus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t find any of the fish that I’m pretty sure are right outside in the ocean,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>: With the Pacific Ocean right there, \u003cstrong>why isn’t local seafood a bigger deal in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Show Me the Money\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Like many things in the Bay Area, the seeming dearth of a robust local seafood scene can be traced in part to the cost of doing business — and that, in turn, can be traced to the region’s high real estate costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How expensive it is to stay in business in the Bay Area means that all of us who are in business are trying to find ways to cut costs, and we are cutting costs in the ingredients that we are using,” said Kenny Belov, who runs Fish restaurant in Sausalito and TwoXSea, a seafood wholesaler at Fisherman’s Wharf in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762128\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11762128 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lourdes Mendoza guts rockfish at TwoXSea, a seafood wholesaler at Fisherman’s Wharf in San Francisco on May 31, 2019. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bay Area restaurants have to deal with high rents and high salaries among other costs, and adding in the volatility and uncertainty that comes with buying local, wild-caught seafood can make things even tougher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s much easier and more economical, according to Belov, for restaurants to serve Atlantic salmon raised in fish farms. These fish provide a consistent supply at a consistent price all year long, but some see farmed salmon as an inferior product and potentially harmful to the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Local Seafood Resources\u003c/strong>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The latest data from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife shows the \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=159550&inline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 100 species\u003c/a> of seafood that are caught in the Bay Area.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch program \u003ca href=\"https://www.seafoodwatch.org/seafood-recommendations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rates seafood\u003c/a> based on its sustainability. It also offers a \u003ca href=\"https://www.seafoodwatch.org/seafood-recommendations/our-app\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mobile app\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.seafoodwatch.org/-/m/sfw/pdf/guides/mba-seafoodwatch-west-coast-guide.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">printable consumer guides\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Ferry Plaza Farmers Market at the Ferry Building in San Francisco has a list of \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/eat-seasonally/charts/seafood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15 local seafood options\u003c/a> sold seasonally at its market.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/99587/bay-area-bites-guide-to-8-places-to-buy-fresh-fish\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Area Bites Guide to 8 Great Places to Buy Fresh Fish\u003c/a> (KQED)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/recipes/article/The-seafood-calendar-What-s-in-season-locally-6403686.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The seafood calendar: What’s in season locally\u003c/a> (San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wholesale farmed salmon sells for around $8 per pound year-round, while wild-caught salmon is going for closer to $20 per pound this year, and isn’t guaranteed to be available every day even in season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Belov doesn’t offer farmed salmon at Fish restaurant or TwoXSea, instead choosing to only buy and serve seafood that can be traced all the way back to the boat it was caught on and the person who reeled it in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me that’s what makes food taste better. It’s not just food on a plate. It’s the story of the men and women who work so hard to get those ingredients,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he knows doing that raises his costs, and he says part of the reason more restaurants aren’t willing to take on those extra costs is because there’s not enough demand from consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems like when it comes to seafood we just don’t want to pay a lot for it,” Belov said of Bay Area diners. “We’re still kind of in that fish-stick mentality of it’s cheap, it’s protein and it’s abundant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, consumers in places like China and Japan are more than willing to pay top dollar for many of the region’s top catches, including crab, spiny lobster and black cod.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762131\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Salmon for sale at Berkeley Bowl on June 22, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Locally caught chinook salmon for sale at the Berkeley Bowl on June 22, 2019. \u003ccite>(Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Where Are the Fish?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s not just about the demand; the supply of wild-caught Bay Area seafood has been in flux in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several California fisheries, including chinook salmon, Dungeness crab and rockfish, have been curtailed or temporarily shut down in recent years due to population declines traced to overfishing, water diversions, habitat destruction and drought, among other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of fish that we can actually catch has gone way down,” said Mike Hudson, who has worked as a commercial fisherman in the Bay Area for decades, catching mostly salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hudson remembers years when the region’s chinook salmon season netted more than a million fish in just a few months. But the salmon fishery was completely shut down in 2008 and 2009, and it has been carefully managed ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762130\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762130\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Commercial fisherman Mike Hudson off-loads a boat full of chinook salmon at Pillar Point Harbor in Half Moon Bay.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Commercial fisherman Mike Hudson offloads a boat full of chinook salmon at Pillar Point Harbor in Half Moon Bay. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There were \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/article/California-salmon-season-nears-with-hopes-of-a-13772919.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">significant restrictions\u003c/a> placed on salmon season the past three years, resulting in fewer fish and prices jumping to around $30 to $35 per pound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People used to come to our farmers markets and buy 2 pounds of salmon or 4 pounds of salmon for their family for the entire week,” Hudson said. “Now the same people come and they buy half a pound.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to restore habitat, improve salmon hatchery practices and recent wet winters have fishermen like Hudson \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/article/California-fishermen-report-the-biggest-salmon-14028875.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">feeling optimistic\u003c/a> about the upcoming and future salmon seasons, but the salmon population is still far from the million-fish seasons of Hudson’s early days, and a fillet still costs around $20 per pound.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Knowledge Is Power\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But it’s not all about how much local, wild-caught seafood costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s also just a lack of awareness,” said Jana Hennig, the executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.positivelygroundfish.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Positively Groundfish\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that promotes groundfish caught on the West Coast. “Most people just don’t know what is even a local species here in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the 90 or so species of groundfish that Hennig works with — which include Pacific cod, rockfish and sole — aren’t as expensive as better-known Dungeness crab or chinook salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because many consumers aren’t as aware of the breadth of local options, Hennig said many Bay Area chefs are hesitant to feature them on their menu, even with the low cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If more people actually went to restaurants and said, ‘Hey, do you have any local seafood? And do you ever serve rockfish?’ They’d be far more inclined to actually put it on the menu,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Rayan Rafay was prepared to be blown away by Bay Area seafood when he moved here in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After growing up on the East Coast, he had been amazed by the seafood he encountered when he moved to Vancouver, British Columbia.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just this like magical wonderland of seafood,” he said. “Chefs just did things with seafood on the West Coast that I’d never even imagined in my lemon butter world of fish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafay said he saw this in Vancouver, Seattle and Portland, and he assumed he would find the same thing when he moved to the Bay Area. After all, it’s a place with a long tradition of fishing and home to many immigrant groups — Chinese, Japanese, Italians and others — for whom fish play a big part in culture and diet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafay even went out on local waters with a commercial fisherman and caught his own rock cod and halibut. But back on land, he wasn’t seeing those local catches showing up on many local menus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t find any of the fish that I’m pretty sure are right outside in the ocean,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>: With the Pacific Ocean right there, \u003cstrong>why isn’t local seafood a bigger deal in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Show Me the Money\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Like many things in the Bay Area, the seeming dearth of a robust local seafood scene can be traced in part to the cost of doing business — and that, in turn, can be traced to the region’s high real estate costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How expensive it is to stay in business in the Bay Area means that all of us who are in business are trying to find ways to cut costs, and we are cutting costs in the ingredients that we are using,” said Kenny Belov, who runs Fish restaurant in Sausalito and TwoXSea, a seafood wholesaler at Fisherman’s Wharf in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762128\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11762128 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS37415_IMG_1609-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lourdes Mendoza guts rockfish at TwoXSea, a seafood wholesaler at Fisherman’s Wharf in San Francisco on May 31, 2019. \u003ccite>(Audrey Garces/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bay Area restaurants have to deal with high rents and high salaries among other costs, and adding in the volatility and uncertainty that comes with buying local, wild-caught seafood can make things even tougher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s much easier and more economical, according to Belov, for restaurants to serve Atlantic salmon raised in fish farms. These fish provide a consistent supply at a consistent price all year long, but some see farmed salmon as an inferior product and potentially harmful to the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Local Seafood Resources\u003c/strong>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The latest data from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife shows the \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=159550&inline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 100 species\u003c/a> of seafood that are caught in the Bay Area.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch program \u003ca href=\"https://www.seafoodwatch.org/seafood-recommendations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rates seafood\u003c/a> based on its sustainability. It also offers a \u003ca href=\"https://www.seafoodwatch.org/seafood-recommendations/our-app\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mobile app\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.seafoodwatch.org/-/m/sfw/pdf/guides/mba-seafoodwatch-west-coast-guide.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">printable consumer guides\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Ferry Plaza Farmers Market at the Ferry Building in San Francisco has a list of \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/eat-seasonally/charts/seafood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15 local seafood options\u003c/a> sold seasonally at its market.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/99587/bay-area-bites-guide-to-8-places-to-buy-fresh-fish\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Area Bites Guide to 8 Great Places to Buy Fresh Fish\u003c/a> (KQED)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/recipes/article/The-seafood-calendar-What-s-in-season-locally-6403686.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The seafood calendar: What’s in season locally\u003c/a> (San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wholesale farmed salmon sells for around $8 per pound year-round, while wild-caught salmon is going for closer to $20 per pound this year, and isn’t guaranteed to be available every day even in season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Belov doesn’t offer farmed salmon at Fish restaurant or TwoXSea, instead choosing to only buy and serve seafood that can be traced all the way back to the boat it was caught on and the person who reeled it in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me that’s what makes food taste better. It’s not just food on a plate. It’s the story of the men and women who work so hard to get those ingredients,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he knows doing that raises his costs, and he says part of the reason more restaurants aren’t willing to take on those extra costs is because there’s not enough demand from consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems like when it comes to seafood we just don’t want to pay a lot for it,” Belov said of Bay Area diners. “We’re still kind of in that fish-stick mentality of it’s cheap, it’s protein and it’s abundant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, consumers in places like China and Japan are more than willing to pay top dollar for many of the region’s top catches, including crab, spiny lobster and black cod.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762131\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Salmon for sale at Berkeley Bowl on June 22, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38122_IMG_3927-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Locally caught chinook salmon for sale at the Berkeley Bowl on June 22, 2019. \u003ccite>(Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Where Are the Fish?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s not just about the demand; the supply of wild-caught Bay Area seafood has been in flux in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several California fisheries, including chinook salmon, Dungeness crab and rockfish, have been curtailed or temporarily shut down in recent years due to population declines traced to overfishing, water diversions, habitat destruction and drought, among other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of fish that we can actually catch has gone way down,” said Mike Hudson, who has worked as a commercial fisherman in the Bay Area for decades, catching mostly salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hudson remembers years when the region’s chinook salmon season netted more than a million fish in just a few months. But the salmon fishery was completely shut down in 2008 and 2009, and it has been carefully managed ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762130\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762130\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Commercial fisherman Mike Hudson off-loads a boat full of chinook salmon at Pillar Point Harbor in Half Moon Bay.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38123_IMG_7086-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Commercial fisherman Mike Hudson offloads a boat full of chinook salmon at Pillar Point Harbor in Half Moon Bay. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There were \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/article/California-salmon-season-nears-with-hopes-of-a-13772919.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">significant restrictions\u003c/a> placed on salmon season the past three years, resulting in fewer fish and prices jumping to around $30 to $35 per pound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People used to come to our farmers markets and buy 2 pounds of salmon or 4 pounds of salmon for their family for the entire week,” Hudson said. “Now the same people come and they buy half a pound.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to restore habitat, improve salmon hatchery practices and recent wet winters have fishermen like Hudson \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/article/California-fishermen-report-the-biggest-salmon-14028875.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">feeling optimistic\u003c/a> about the upcoming and future salmon seasons, but the salmon population is still far from the million-fish seasons of Hudson’s early days, and a fillet still costs around $20 per pound.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Knowledge Is Power\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But it’s not all about how much local, wild-caught seafood costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s also just a lack of awareness,” said Jana Hennig, the executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.positivelygroundfish.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Positively Groundfish\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that promotes groundfish caught on the West Coast. “Most people just don’t know what is even a local species here in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the 90 or so species of groundfish that Hennig works with — which include Pacific cod, rockfish and sole — aren’t as expensive as better-known Dungeness crab or chinook salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because many consumers aren’t as aware of the breadth of local options, Hennig said many Bay Area chefs are hesitant to feature them on their menu, even with the low cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If more people actually went to restaurants and said, ‘Hey, do you have any local seafood? And do you ever serve rockfish?’ They’d be far more inclined to actually put it on the menu,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Key State Lawmakers to Call for Hearings Into Chevron Oil Spill",
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"content": "\u003cp>The two top California lawmakers that oversee the state's oil industry plan to call for hearings into a recent, massive oil spill in Kern County and revelations that officials at the agency that regulate oil wells held investments in the companies they were supposed to keep watch over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am absolutely committed to calling for an oversight hearing, once we have a new oil and gas supervisor, to look both at the spill and the response to the spill and to look at the conflict issues,\" Assemblywoman Laura Friedman, D-Glendale, the chair of the Committee on Natural Resources, told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"kern-county-oil-spill\" label=\"More Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman's comments come as Chevron and state regulators revealed Thursday that a \u003ca href=\"https://www.conservation.ca.gov/dog/Pages/Chevron-Cymric-oil-spill.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new leak\u003c/a> started this week at the scene of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760192/chevron-well-has-leaked-a-quarter-million-gallons-of-oil-in-central-valley-since-may\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">800,000 gallon oil and water spill\u003c/a> in the Cyrmic Oil Field, which is about 35 miles west of Bakersfield. The first leak began two months ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials estimate about one-third of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761748/photos-major-crude-spill-at-chevron-well-site-in-kern-county\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">main spill\u003c/a>, or about 265,000 gallons, is crude petroleum. At the center of the spill is a Chevron oil well that relies on a technique in which steam is injected into the ground to heat up crude petroleum and make it easier to extract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last week Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760751/newsom-fires-state-oil-agency-chief-amid-spike-in-fracking-approvals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ordered the firing of Ken Harris\u003c/a>, the top official at the Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources, which regulates oil wells and other similar production. The firing came after reports surfaced of a dramatic recent increase in permits granted for hydraulic fracturing work and revelations that agency employees owned stock in the companies they regulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've got to get some trust built back in that agency,\" said Henry Stern, D-Ventura, chairman of the Senate Natural Resources and Water Committee, told KQED in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stern says DOGGR should not have waited two months to publicize information about the spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This has been going on for over two months now. It's just unacceptable,\" said Stern, who represents Porter Ranch, an area affected greatly by the\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11748610/residents-renew-calls-to-shut-down-gas-facility-after-socalgas-blamed-for-aliso-canyon-leak\"> massive 2015 methane lake at the Aliso Canyon gas storage field\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the DOGGR didn't respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jason Marshal was appointed acting supervisor of DOGGR effective last Thursday. The next day he ordered Chevron to \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761141/state-orders-chevron-to-stop-massive-crude-oil-release-in-kern-county-oil-field\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">take all measures\u003c/a>\" to stop the flow of oil at the spill. That order came after the division issued two notices of violation against Chevron in connection with the spill and required a halt to similar oil well operations in a 600 feet radius around the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prompted by Wednesday's new leak, the agency expanded its requirements to cease oil work in the area to 1,200 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, two other state legislators, along with U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein, are expressing concern about the spill and the agency that's looking into it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday Feinstein issued a statement calling the incident \"troubling\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Almost as troubling as the spill itself is that it occurred at multiple times for two months, but we just learned about it,\" Feinstein said. \"This is something the public should have been alerted to earlier. Proper oversight can't occur if incidents like these are kept under wraps.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senator Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, who sits on the Senate Committee on Environmental Quality, praised the governor for firing Harris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is classic bad government to have the regulatory entity have financial involvement in the industry they're regulating,\" Skinner said. \"We need to do more oversight and hold DOGGR to the expectation that I think all Californians have, which is protect our health and safety and stop this absurdity of allowing the oil industry to put us at risk.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kern County petroleum release should generate a conversation about new efforts to transition California away from fossil fuel, argued to Assemblymember Monique Limon, D-Santa Barbara, who sits on the Assembly Committee on Natural Resources and represents an area hit hard by past oil spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To have a week where we heard not just about the oil spill but also conflict of interests concerns is a really clear reminder that despite California's best efforts, there's still work to be done,\" Limon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The two top California lawmakers that oversee the state's oil industry plan to call for hearings into a recent, massive oil spill in Kern County and revelations that officials at the agency that regulate oil wells held investments in the companies they were supposed to keep watch over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am absolutely committed to calling for an oversight hearing, once we have a new oil and gas supervisor, to look both at the spill and the response to the spill and to look at the conflict issues,\" Assemblywoman Laura Friedman, D-Glendale, the chair of the Committee on Natural Resources, told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman's comments come as Chevron and state regulators revealed Thursday that a \u003ca href=\"https://www.conservation.ca.gov/dog/Pages/Chevron-Cymric-oil-spill.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new leak\u003c/a> started this week at the scene of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760192/chevron-well-has-leaked-a-quarter-million-gallons-of-oil-in-central-valley-since-may\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">800,000 gallon oil and water spill\u003c/a> in the Cyrmic Oil Field, which is about 35 miles west of Bakersfield. The first leak began two months ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials estimate about one-third of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761748/photos-major-crude-spill-at-chevron-well-site-in-kern-county\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">main spill\u003c/a>, or about 265,000 gallons, is crude petroleum. At the center of the spill is a Chevron oil well that relies on a technique in which steam is injected into the ground to heat up crude petroleum and make it easier to extract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last week Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760751/newsom-fires-state-oil-agency-chief-amid-spike-in-fracking-approvals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ordered the firing of Ken Harris\u003c/a>, the top official at the Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources, which regulates oil wells and other similar production. The firing came after reports surfaced of a dramatic recent increase in permits granted for hydraulic fracturing work and revelations that agency employees owned stock in the companies they regulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've got to get some trust built back in that agency,\" said Henry Stern, D-Ventura, chairman of the Senate Natural Resources and Water Committee, told KQED in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stern says DOGGR should not have waited two months to publicize information about the spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This has been going on for over two months now. It's just unacceptable,\" said Stern, who represents Porter Ranch, an area affected greatly by the\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11748610/residents-renew-calls-to-shut-down-gas-facility-after-socalgas-blamed-for-aliso-canyon-leak\"> massive 2015 methane lake at the Aliso Canyon gas storage field\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the DOGGR didn't respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jason Marshal was appointed acting supervisor of DOGGR effective last Thursday. The next day he ordered Chevron to \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11761141/state-orders-chevron-to-stop-massive-crude-oil-release-in-kern-county-oil-field\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">take all measures\u003c/a>\" to stop the flow of oil at the spill. That order came after the division issued two notices of violation against Chevron in connection with the spill and required a halt to similar oil well operations in a 600 feet radius around the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prompted by Wednesday's new leak, the agency expanded its requirements to cease oil work in the area to 1,200 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, two other state legislators, along with U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein, are expressing concern about the spill and the agency that's looking into it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday Feinstein issued a statement calling the incident \"troubling\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Almost as troubling as the spill itself is that it occurred at multiple times for two months, but we just learned about it,\" Feinstein said. \"This is something the public should have been alerted to earlier. Proper oversight can't occur if incidents like these are kept under wraps.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senator Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, who sits on the Senate Committee on Environmental Quality, praised the governor for firing Harris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is classic bad government to have the regulatory entity have financial involvement in the industry they're regulating,\" Skinner said. \"We need to do more oversight and hold DOGGR to the expectation that I think all Californians have, which is protect our health and safety and stop this absurdity of allowing the oil industry to put us at risk.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kern County petroleum release should generate a conversation about new efforts to transition California away from fossil fuel, argued to Assemblymember Monique Limon, D-Santa Barbara, who sits on the Assembly Committee on Natural Resources and represents an area hit hard by past oil spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To have a week where we heard not just about the oil spill but also conflict of interests concerns is a really clear reminder that despite California's best efforts, there's still work to be done,\" Limon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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