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"title": "Donald Trump Climate Profile: This President Is All About Fossil Fuels",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>‘This is the start of a new era in American energy production and job creation. We will eliminate federal overreach, restore economic freedom and allow workers and companies to play on a level playing field for the first time in a long time, a long time. We’re going to have clean coal, really clean coal.’\u003cbr>\n—\u003c/em>Donald Trump, \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/28032017/trump-executive-order-climate-change-paris-climate-agreement-clean-power-plan-pruitt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Been There\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\"]Analysis: The Candidates on Climate Change\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956430/joe-biden-climate-profile-surprising-embrace-of-green-new-deal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joe Biden\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956501/michael-bloomberg-climate-profile-shutting-down-coal-modest-federal-spending%22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Bloomberg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956514/pete-buttigieg-climate-profile-making-u-s-the-worlds-clean-tech-leader\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pete Buttigieg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956525/amy-klobuchar-climate-profile-using-presidency-to-restore-clean-energy-policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amy Klobuchar\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956421/bernie-sanders-climate-profile-16-trillion-in-spending-for-most-ambitious-plan-yet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bernie Sanders\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957439/tom-steyer-climate-profile-a-justice-centered-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tom Steyer\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956437/elizabeth-warren-climate-profile-taking-up-mantle-of-former-climate-candidate-inslee\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elizabeth Warren\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[/pullquote]When U.S. government scientists released their latest volume of the \u003ca href=\"https://science2017.globalchange.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Climate Assessment\u003c/a>, it revealed much about the robust, sobering scientific consensus on climate change. It also revealed the striking disconnect between President Donald Trump and essentially every authoritative institution on the threat of global warming. The president rejected the assessment’s central findings — based on thousands of climate studies and involving 13 federal agencies — that emissions of carbon dioxide are caused by human activities, are already causing lasting economic damage, and have to be brought rapidly to zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“I don’t believe it. No, no, I don’t believe it,” Trump said. Immediately, his cabinet members \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/30112018/fact-check-trump-climate-science-denial-national-assessment-sanders-global-warming\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">launched attacks on the report\u003c/a>, portraying it as “alarmist” and clinging to Trump’s agenda of fossil fuel energy expansion that the science says is at the root of the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Done That\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When Trump delivered his \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/27052016/donald-trump-republican-party-election-fossil-fuels-coal-oil-gas-fracking-climate-change-paris\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first major energy speech in the fracking fields of North Dakota\u003c/a> as a candidate in May 2016, he called for American domination of global energy supplies. To make that happen, he wanted an end to all of President Barack Obama’s executive actions involving greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“We are going to turn everything around,” Trump declared. “And quickly, very quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As president, he has rolled back regulations on energy suppliers at a rapid clip slowed only at times\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29082019/methane-regulation-oil-gas-storage-pipelines-epa-rollback-trump-wheeler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> by the courts,\u003c/a> while auctioning off millions of acres of new drilling leases on public land. Last year, domestic oil production hit a record high. The result of this, among other things, was the \u003ca href=\"https://rhg.com/research/preliminary-us-emissions-estimates-for-2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reversal of three consecutive years of declining U.S. carbon emissions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump began the process of \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04112019/trump-pull-out-paris-climate-agreement-timing-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">withdrawing the U.S.\u003c/a> from the Paris climate treaty, the agreement signed by nearly all nations to reduce fossil fuel emissions. He \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/19062019/trump-clean-power-plan-climate-emissions-rule-replacement-coal-decline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">replaced Obama’s Clean Power Plan\u003c/a>, intended to sharply reduce emissions from U.S. power plants. He took the first step to weaken \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02082018/trump-fuel-efficiency-standards-rollback-climate-change-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fuel economy standards for cars\u003c/a>, the single most important effort for reining in the largest driver of U.S. emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His administration has undone or delayed — or tried to — most regulatory and executive actions related to climate change, while proposing new ones to accelerate fossil fuel development. Columbia University’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law counts \u003ca href=\"https://climate.law.columbia.edu/climate-deregulation-tracker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">131 actions\u003c/a> toward federal climate deregulation since Trump took office. In the absence of any comprehensive national climate law, those moves have led to an erosion of the federal government’s main regulatory levers for cutting global warming emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of those actions, including rollbacks of significant rules on \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2018/02/23/court-hands-trump-defeat-in-bid-to-block-methane-emissions-rule.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">methane\u003c/a>\u003cu>,\u003c/u> \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02102019/cross-border-smog-ruling-coal-power-trump-obama-clean-air-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cross-state air pollution\u003c/a> regulations and \u003ca href=\"https://policyintegrity.org/trump-court-roundup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">energy efficiency\u003c/a>, have been blocked or delayed by judges who have questioned the administration’s broad view of its legal authority. Some of those setbacks may be temporary, though, and the courts have yet to rule on the most consequential deregulatory actions. According to the administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaMain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agenda for 2020\u003c/a>, the president will try to fast-track as many more as possible before the end of his first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Getting Specific\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Promoting unfettered oil, natural gas and coal development \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nRight out of the gate, Trump greased the wheels for fossil fuel development. He \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/28032017/trump-executive-order-climate-change-paris-climate-agreement-clean-power-plan-pruitt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued a sweeping executive order\u003c/a> directing all departments to target for elimination\u003ci>\u003cem> any \u003c/em>\u003c/i>rules that restrict U.S. production of energy. He set guidance to make it more difficult to put future regulations on fossil fuel industries, and he moved to discard the use of a rigorous “social cost of carbon,” a regulatory measurement that puts a price on the future damage society will pay for every ton of carbon dioxide emitted. He swiftly signed memorandums to \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24012017/keystone-xl-dakota-pipeline-donald-trump-executive-order\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">revive the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines\u003c/a>, projects blocked by Obama. And later, with the Keystone XL still stalled, he issued executive orders aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11042019/trump-pipeline-executive-order-environmental-review-keystone-xl-clean-water-act-states-rights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">speeding approval and construction of fossil fuel projects\u003c/a> by limiting state environmental reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fossil fuel infrastructure adds to greenhouse gas emissions, in part by leaking methane into the atmosphere. Trump’s administration ordered the Environmental Protection Agency to \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032017/scott-pruitt-environmental-protection-agency-methane-greenhouse-gas-climate-change\">stop gathering data from oil and gas companies\u003c/a> needed to rein in leaks of this potent short-lived climate pollutant. It later \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11092018/methane-flaring-rules-oil-gas-industry-climate-change-obama-trump-epa-rollback\">loosened methane regulations\u003c/a> for projects on public and private land, despite the support for them among the industry’s biggest companies. It sought drilling in pristine areas where oil companies have long sought to drill. The administration \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/28042017/doanld-trump-arctic-offshore-drilling-ban-obama-executive-order\">moved to lift Obama’s offshore Arctic drilling ban\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13072017/arctic-offshore-drilling-trump-approved-eni-boem-alaska\">approved \u003c/a>a plan to drill wells there. It pushed to drill in the previously off-limits \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29032018/arctic-offshore-drilling-oil-lease-sale-beaufort-sea-alaska-trump-boem-2019\">Beaufort Sea\u003c/a>, in 1.6 million acres of the pristine \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/12092019/congress-arctic-wildlife-refuge-oil-gas-drilling-offshore-trump-lease-sale-anwr\">Arctic National Wildlife Refuge\u003c/a>, and in nearly all of the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10012018/trump-offshore-oil-drilling-leases-florida-legal-questions-zinke-california-new-york-oregon\">Outer Continental Shelf\u003c/a>. It proposed to \u003ca href=\"https://climate.law.columbia.edu/content/usfs-proposes-regulations-streamline-oil-and-gas-permitting-national-forests-0\">expedite oil and gas permits on national forest lands\u003c/a>, and it has limited how climate change can be used in \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13082019/climate-change-endangered-species-act-arctic-trump-changes-polar-bears-wildlife\">determining endangered status for species\u003c/a>, further opening doors to drilling in sensitive areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Trying to restore King Coal to its throne \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMany of Trump’s regulations have been tailored to favor the coal industry, often at the expense of cheaper, cleaner energy. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11102017/climate-denial-coal-industry-global-warming-robert-murray-energy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Robert Murray\u003c/a>, founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjQsc3r95nmAhUOTt8KHRUBDY8QFjABegQIBxAG&url=https%3A%2F%2Finsideclimatenews.org%2Fnews%2F29102019%2Fcoal-bankruptcy-bob-murray-energy-chapter-11-trump-regulations-rollback&usg=AOvVaw3hV8KEcoTw-zXHhcV1dbAu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">now-bankrupt coal company Murray Energy\u003c/a> and one of Trump’s closest industry allies, gave the president a “wish list” early on that has become of virtual template for the administration’s rollback of regulations. The administration swiftly lifted an Obama moratorium on new coal leases on federal lands. It \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/16022017/coal-mining-environment-stream-rule-donald-trump-mussels-species\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rolled back a stream protection rule\u003c/a> designed to reduce the environmental and climate impact of mountaintop removal coal mining, and it has proposed allowing coal plants to emit much more CO2 by \u003ca href=\"https://climate.law.columbia.edu/content/epa-proposes-less-stringent-emission-standards-new-coal-plants-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">weakening New Source Review\u003c/a>, which requires big emitters to modernize pollution controls when they make major modifications to their facilities. It pushed a coal bailout rule that would have rewarded electric companies for keeping big stockpiles of fuel on hand. (\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/08012018/ferc-regulators-reject-paying-coal-power-plants-nuclear-extra-trump-administration-perry-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. regulators rejected it\u003c/a>.) It also\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04112019/coal-ash-rules-rollback-trump-obama-water-pollution-power-plant-ponds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> further relaxed coal ash rules\u003c/a>, allowing coal utilities to keep unlined coal ash ponds open for years, making it less expensive to burn coal to produce electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Suppressing climate and related science\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIn almost every agency overseeing energy, the environment and health, Trump selected top officials who dispute the mainstream consensus on the urgency of climate action. People with little scientific background, or strong ties to industries they would be regulating, were appointed to scientific leadership positions. One of the administration’s first actions was to order scientists and other employees at EPA and other agencies to halt public communications. Several federal scientists working on climate change have said they were silenced, sidelined or demoted. At least three—a senior employee at the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/20072017/whistleblower-trump-intimidation-abuse-power-climate-scientists-joel-clement-zinke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Interior\u003c/a>, one at the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/16082019/cdc-scientist-whistleblower-complaint-climate-health-research-trump-usda-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a> and another at the National Park Service—invoked whistleblower protections. Independent science advisors, such as members of the EPA’s \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/08052017/epa-science-advisory-board-dismissed-scott-pruitt-donald-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Board of Scientific Counselors\u003c/a>, have also been sidelined. Scientific content on government websites has been altered and the public’s access to data reduced. Climate data from the government’s open portal website was removed. So was the EPA’s climate change website. The words “climate change” have been purged from government reports, and other reports have been buried\u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/23/agriculture-department-climate-change-1376413\">,\u003c/a> including by \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/23/agriculture-department-climate-change-1376413\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">officials at the Department of Agriculture.\u003c/a> The administration even edited a major \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2018/05/10/pentagon-revised-obama-era-report-to-remove-risks-from-climate-change/?utm_term=.1174b4bd9f55\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Defense Department report\u003c/a> to downplay its climate findings. Through speeches and tweets, the president has repeatedly spread misinformation to the public through his climate denial and denigration of renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EPA, meanwhile, is working to finalize its proposal to \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/22032018/epa-air-pollution-soot-rules-scott-pruitt-secret-science-policy-health-regulations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suppress the types of scientific evidence\u003c/a> the agency can use in writing its rules. This includes prohibiting the use of well-established, long-term scientific studies underpinning the nation’s air pollution rules, a change the fossil fuel industry had sought for years. Known as the “secret science” rule, it has been \u003ca href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2019/11/25/science.aba3197\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lambasted by scientists and health experts worldwide\u003c/a>. Related, the White House \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25042019/trump-omb-secret-science-policy-memo-pollution-health-studies-heritage-foundation-vought\">issued a memo\u003c/a> offering new ways for fossil fuel and other industries to challenge science-based policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Undermining clean energy development and energy efficiency\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIn its \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/12032019/trump-budget-cuts-renewable-energy-efficiency-electric-vehicle-tax-credit-deficit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">budget proposals\u003c/a>, the Trump administration has made clear its resolve to retreat from a federal role in advancing a clean energy economy and maintaining global leadership in the technology. It has proposed repeatedly to radically \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02042019/trump-budget-cuts-national-labs-clean-energy-leadership-solar-wind-electric-vehicles-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slash funding\u003c/a> for the Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), a move that would cripple support for novel and promising technologies for advanced wind turbines, high-tech materials, energy-efficient buildings and more. He has tried to eliminate tax credits for electric vehicles and made several attempts to eliminate the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) program, an incubator for cutting-edge energy research and development. Congress has largely rebuffed this scale of funding cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration issued in 2019 its final rule to dramatically weaken energy-efficient light bulb standards that Congress voted to phase in a decade ago. The standards would have eliminated inefficient light bulbs nationwide, saving some 1.5 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2030 and hundreds of millions tons of CO2. And it delayed for three years standards to substantially cut the energy that household and commercial appliances consume, moving to enact them only after \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/ca9/18-15380/18-15380-2019-10-10.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a federal appeals court ruled \u003c/a>the hold was illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Trying to undercut California’s world-leading climate progress\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAfter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02082018/trump-fuel-efficiency-standards-rollback-climate-change-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">freezing Obama’s national fuel-economy improvements\u003c/a>, the administration stripped California of its legal authority to enact the nation’s toughest fuel-efficiency standards, a move that could squelch the nascent U.S. market for zero-emission vehicles at a critical time. It sued the state over its cap-and-trade agreement with Quebec to lower fossil fuel emissions, arguing that California exceeded its authority when it launched. It has threatened action against California on air and water pollution. Those moves run counter to the administration’s hands-off approach and deregulatory agenda. Because of that—and because California has among the best compliance records in the nation on water pollution and has invested billions to improve air quality—former federal officials have said the efforts reek of political score-settling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>ICN’s Take\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIn the Trump administration’s early days, climate policy optimists gamely sifted through the president’s statements, his administration’s actions, and other nations’ reactions for grains of hope. Perhaps Trump would be persuaded to maintain the United States’ seat at the table in international climate negotiations. Perhaps the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/epas-pruitt-praised-for-effectiveness-hits-bumps-in-his-rollback-campaign/2018/05/20/c6ca13d8-53b3-11e8-abd8-265bd07a9859_story.html?noredirect=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">efforts\u003c/a> of his early, scandal-plagued cabinet members to erase climate regulation would fail. Or perhaps \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/4800747/china-climate-change-paris-agreement-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">other nations would step up\u003c/a> to fill the climate leadership void created by Trump, and the world would forge ahead with the action needed to address the climate crisis, leaving the United States behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All such hopes have been in vain. Although Trump occasionally feigns concern about climate—”\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/12/03/its-possible-that-trump-doesnt-actually-know-what-climate-change-is/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">I think about it all the time,\u003c/a>” he once said—his policy has been an unmitigated and relentless drive toward fossil energy development. The missteps of his former EPA administrator, Scott Pruitt, and others in the first round of appointees, have been erased by seasoned Washington bureaucrats and lobbyists who now are at the helm of the environmental agencies. And instead of racing to grasp the leadership baton dropped by Trump, China, the European Union and other large carbon polluters are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/15/climate/cop25-un-climate-talks-madrid.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">falling behind both in their own ambition and in support\u003c/a> for the nations most vulnerable to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trump’s intentions, and his administration’s deleterious impact on global climate progress, will be evident to voters in 2020 in a way that many failed to grasp four years earlier. The only question is whether those who care about the planet’s future can unite as a political force in a way that eluded them in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Trump's first term has been a relentless drive for unfettered fossil fuel energy development. ",
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"title": "Donald Trump Climate Profile: This President Is All About Fossil Fuels | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>‘This is the start of a new era in American energy production and job creation. We will eliminate federal overreach, restore economic freedom and allow workers and companies to play on a level playing field for the first time in a long time, a long time. We’re going to have clean coal, really clean coal.’\u003cbr>\n—\u003c/em>Donald Trump, \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/28032017/trump-executive-order-climate-change-paris-climate-agreement-clean-power-plan-pruitt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Been There\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "Analysis: The Candidates on Climate Change\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956430/joe-biden-climate-profile-surprising-embrace-of-green-new-deal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joe Biden\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956501/michael-bloomberg-climate-profile-shutting-down-coal-modest-federal-spending%22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Bloomberg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956514/pete-buttigieg-climate-profile-making-u-s-the-worlds-clean-tech-leader\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pete Buttigieg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956525/amy-klobuchar-climate-profile-using-presidency-to-restore-clean-energy-policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amy Klobuchar\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956421/bernie-sanders-climate-profile-16-trillion-in-spending-for-most-ambitious-plan-yet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bernie Sanders\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957439/tom-steyer-climate-profile-a-justice-centered-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tom Steyer\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956437/elizabeth-warren-climate-profile-taking-up-mantle-of-former-climate-candidate-inslee\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elizabeth Warren\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>When U.S. government scientists released their latest volume of the \u003ca href=\"https://science2017.globalchange.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Climate Assessment\u003c/a>, it revealed much about the robust, sobering scientific consensus on climate change. It also revealed the striking disconnect between President Donald Trump and essentially every authoritative institution on the threat of global warming. The president rejected the assessment’s central findings — based on thousands of climate studies and involving 13 federal agencies — that emissions of carbon dioxide are caused by human activities, are already causing lasting economic damage, and have to be brought rapidly to zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“I don’t believe it. No, no, I don’t believe it,” Trump said. Immediately, his cabinet members \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/30112018/fact-check-trump-climate-science-denial-national-assessment-sanders-global-warming\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">launched attacks on the report\u003c/a>, portraying it as “alarmist” and clinging to Trump’s agenda of fossil fuel energy expansion that the science says is at the root of the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Done That\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When Trump delivered his \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/27052016/donald-trump-republican-party-election-fossil-fuels-coal-oil-gas-fracking-climate-change-paris\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first major energy speech in the fracking fields of North Dakota\u003c/a> as a candidate in May 2016, he called for American domination of global energy supplies. To make that happen, he wanted an end to all of President Barack Obama’s executive actions involving greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“We are going to turn everything around,” Trump declared. “And quickly, very quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As president, he has rolled back regulations on energy suppliers at a rapid clip slowed only at times\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29082019/methane-regulation-oil-gas-storage-pipelines-epa-rollback-trump-wheeler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> by the courts,\u003c/a> while auctioning off millions of acres of new drilling leases on public land. Last year, domestic oil production hit a record high. The result of this, among other things, was the \u003ca href=\"https://rhg.com/research/preliminary-us-emissions-estimates-for-2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reversal of three consecutive years of declining U.S. carbon emissions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump began the process of \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04112019/trump-pull-out-paris-climate-agreement-timing-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">withdrawing the U.S.\u003c/a> from the Paris climate treaty, the agreement signed by nearly all nations to reduce fossil fuel emissions. He \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/19062019/trump-clean-power-plan-climate-emissions-rule-replacement-coal-decline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">replaced Obama’s Clean Power Plan\u003c/a>, intended to sharply reduce emissions from U.S. power plants. He took the first step to weaken \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02082018/trump-fuel-efficiency-standards-rollback-climate-change-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fuel economy standards for cars\u003c/a>, the single most important effort for reining in the largest driver of U.S. emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His administration has undone or delayed — or tried to — most regulatory and executive actions related to climate change, while proposing new ones to accelerate fossil fuel development. Columbia University’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law counts \u003ca href=\"https://climate.law.columbia.edu/climate-deregulation-tracker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">131 actions\u003c/a> toward federal climate deregulation since Trump took office. In the absence of any comprehensive national climate law, those moves have led to an erosion of the federal government’s main regulatory levers for cutting global warming emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of those actions, including rollbacks of significant rules on \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2018/02/23/court-hands-trump-defeat-in-bid-to-block-methane-emissions-rule.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">methane\u003c/a>\u003cu>,\u003c/u> \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02102019/cross-border-smog-ruling-coal-power-trump-obama-clean-air-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cross-state air pollution\u003c/a> regulations and \u003ca href=\"https://policyintegrity.org/trump-court-roundup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">energy efficiency\u003c/a>, have been blocked or delayed by judges who have questioned the administration’s broad view of its legal authority. Some of those setbacks may be temporary, though, and the courts have yet to rule on the most consequential deregulatory actions. According to the administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaMain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agenda for 2020\u003c/a>, the president will try to fast-track as many more as possible before the end of his first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Getting Specific\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Promoting unfettered oil, natural gas and coal development \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nRight out of the gate, Trump greased the wheels for fossil fuel development. He \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/28032017/trump-executive-order-climate-change-paris-climate-agreement-clean-power-plan-pruitt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued a sweeping executive order\u003c/a> directing all departments to target for elimination\u003ci>\u003cem> any \u003c/em>\u003c/i>rules that restrict U.S. production of energy. He set guidance to make it more difficult to put future regulations on fossil fuel industries, and he moved to discard the use of a rigorous “social cost of carbon,” a regulatory measurement that puts a price on the future damage society will pay for every ton of carbon dioxide emitted. He swiftly signed memorandums to \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24012017/keystone-xl-dakota-pipeline-donald-trump-executive-order\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">revive the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines\u003c/a>, projects blocked by Obama. And later, with the Keystone XL still stalled, he issued executive orders aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11042019/trump-pipeline-executive-order-environmental-review-keystone-xl-clean-water-act-states-rights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">speeding approval and construction of fossil fuel projects\u003c/a> by limiting state environmental reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fossil fuel infrastructure adds to greenhouse gas emissions, in part by leaking methane into the atmosphere. Trump’s administration ordered the Environmental Protection Agency to \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032017/scott-pruitt-environmental-protection-agency-methane-greenhouse-gas-climate-change\">stop gathering data from oil and gas companies\u003c/a> needed to rein in leaks of this potent short-lived climate pollutant. It later \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11092018/methane-flaring-rules-oil-gas-industry-climate-change-obama-trump-epa-rollback\">loosened methane regulations\u003c/a> for projects on public and private land, despite the support for them among the industry’s biggest companies. It sought drilling in pristine areas where oil companies have long sought to drill. The administration \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/28042017/doanld-trump-arctic-offshore-drilling-ban-obama-executive-order\">moved to lift Obama’s offshore Arctic drilling ban\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13072017/arctic-offshore-drilling-trump-approved-eni-boem-alaska\">approved \u003c/a>a plan to drill wells there. It pushed to drill in the previously off-limits \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29032018/arctic-offshore-drilling-oil-lease-sale-beaufort-sea-alaska-trump-boem-2019\">Beaufort Sea\u003c/a>, in 1.6 million acres of the pristine \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/12092019/congress-arctic-wildlife-refuge-oil-gas-drilling-offshore-trump-lease-sale-anwr\">Arctic National Wildlife Refuge\u003c/a>, and in nearly all of the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10012018/trump-offshore-oil-drilling-leases-florida-legal-questions-zinke-california-new-york-oregon\">Outer Continental Shelf\u003c/a>. It proposed to \u003ca href=\"https://climate.law.columbia.edu/content/usfs-proposes-regulations-streamline-oil-and-gas-permitting-national-forests-0\">expedite oil and gas permits on national forest lands\u003c/a>, and it has limited how climate change can be used in \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13082019/climate-change-endangered-species-act-arctic-trump-changes-polar-bears-wildlife\">determining endangered status for species\u003c/a>, further opening doors to drilling in sensitive areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Trying to restore King Coal to its throne \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMany of Trump’s regulations have been tailored to favor the coal industry, often at the expense of cheaper, cleaner energy. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11102017/climate-denial-coal-industry-global-warming-robert-murray-energy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Robert Murray\u003c/a>, founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjQsc3r95nmAhUOTt8KHRUBDY8QFjABegQIBxAG&url=https%3A%2F%2Finsideclimatenews.org%2Fnews%2F29102019%2Fcoal-bankruptcy-bob-murray-energy-chapter-11-trump-regulations-rollback&usg=AOvVaw3hV8KEcoTw-zXHhcV1dbAu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">now-bankrupt coal company Murray Energy\u003c/a> and one of Trump’s closest industry allies, gave the president a “wish list” early on that has become of virtual template for the administration’s rollback of regulations. The administration swiftly lifted an Obama moratorium on new coal leases on federal lands. It \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/16022017/coal-mining-environment-stream-rule-donald-trump-mussels-species\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rolled back a stream protection rule\u003c/a> designed to reduce the environmental and climate impact of mountaintop removal coal mining, and it has proposed allowing coal plants to emit much more CO2 by \u003ca href=\"https://climate.law.columbia.edu/content/epa-proposes-less-stringent-emission-standards-new-coal-plants-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">weakening New Source Review\u003c/a>, which requires big emitters to modernize pollution controls when they make major modifications to their facilities. It pushed a coal bailout rule that would have rewarded electric companies for keeping big stockpiles of fuel on hand. (\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/08012018/ferc-regulators-reject-paying-coal-power-plants-nuclear-extra-trump-administration-perry-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. regulators rejected it\u003c/a>.) It also\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04112019/coal-ash-rules-rollback-trump-obama-water-pollution-power-plant-ponds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> further relaxed coal ash rules\u003c/a>, allowing coal utilities to keep unlined coal ash ponds open for years, making it less expensive to burn coal to produce electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Suppressing climate and related science\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIn almost every agency overseeing energy, the environment and health, Trump selected top officials who dispute the mainstream consensus on the urgency of climate action. People with little scientific background, or strong ties to industries they would be regulating, were appointed to scientific leadership positions. One of the administration’s first actions was to order scientists and other employees at EPA and other agencies to halt public communications. Several federal scientists working on climate change have said they were silenced, sidelined or demoted. At least three—a senior employee at the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/20072017/whistleblower-trump-intimidation-abuse-power-climate-scientists-joel-clement-zinke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Interior\u003c/a>, one at the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/16082019/cdc-scientist-whistleblower-complaint-climate-health-research-trump-usda-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a> and another at the National Park Service—invoked whistleblower protections. Independent science advisors, such as members of the EPA’s \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/08052017/epa-science-advisory-board-dismissed-scott-pruitt-donald-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Board of Scientific Counselors\u003c/a>, have also been sidelined. Scientific content on government websites has been altered and the public’s access to data reduced. Climate data from the government’s open portal website was removed. So was the EPA’s climate change website. The words “climate change” have been purged from government reports, and other reports have been buried\u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/23/agriculture-department-climate-change-1376413\">,\u003c/a> including by \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/23/agriculture-department-climate-change-1376413\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">officials at the Department of Agriculture.\u003c/a> The administration even edited a major \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2018/05/10/pentagon-revised-obama-era-report-to-remove-risks-from-climate-change/?utm_term=.1174b4bd9f55\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Defense Department report\u003c/a> to downplay its climate findings. Through speeches and tweets, the president has repeatedly spread misinformation to the public through his climate denial and denigration of renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EPA, meanwhile, is working to finalize its proposal to \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/22032018/epa-air-pollution-soot-rules-scott-pruitt-secret-science-policy-health-regulations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suppress the types of scientific evidence\u003c/a> the agency can use in writing its rules. This includes prohibiting the use of well-established, long-term scientific studies underpinning the nation’s air pollution rules, a change the fossil fuel industry had sought for years. Known as the “secret science” rule, it has been \u003ca href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2019/11/25/science.aba3197\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lambasted by scientists and health experts worldwide\u003c/a>. Related, the White House \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25042019/trump-omb-secret-science-policy-memo-pollution-health-studies-heritage-foundation-vought\">issued a memo\u003c/a> offering new ways for fossil fuel and other industries to challenge science-based policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Undermining clean energy development and energy efficiency\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIn its \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/12032019/trump-budget-cuts-renewable-energy-efficiency-electric-vehicle-tax-credit-deficit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">budget proposals\u003c/a>, the Trump administration has made clear its resolve to retreat from a federal role in advancing a clean energy economy and maintaining global leadership in the technology. It has proposed repeatedly to radically \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02042019/trump-budget-cuts-national-labs-clean-energy-leadership-solar-wind-electric-vehicles-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slash funding\u003c/a> for the Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), a move that would cripple support for novel and promising technologies for advanced wind turbines, high-tech materials, energy-efficient buildings and more. He has tried to eliminate tax credits for electric vehicles and made several attempts to eliminate the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) program, an incubator for cutting-edge energy research and development. Congress has largely rebuffed this scale of funding cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration issued in 2019 its final rule to dramatically weaken energy-efficient light bulb standards that Congress voted to phase in a decade ago. The standards would have eliminated inefficient light bulbs nationwide, saving some 1.5 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2030 and hundreds of millions tons of CO2. And it delayed for three years standards to substantially cut the energy that household and commercial appliances consume, moving to enact them only after \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/ca9/18-15380/18-15380-2019-10-10.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a federal appeals court ruled \u003c/a>the hold was illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>Trying to undercut California’s world-leading climate progress\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAfter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02082018/trump-fuel-efficiency-standards-rollback-climate-change-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">freezing Obama’s national fuel-economy improvements\u003c/a>, the administration stripped California of its legal authority to enact the nation’s toughest fuel-efficiency standards, a move that could squelch the nascent U.S. market for zero-emission vehicles at a critical time. It sued the state over its cap-and-trade agreement with Quebec to lower fossil fuel emissions, arguing that California exceeded its authority when it launched. It has threatened action against California on air and water pollution. Those moves run counter to the administration’s hands-off approach and deregulatory agenda. Because of that—and because California has among the best compliance records in the nation on water pollution and has invested billions to improve air quality—former federal officials have said the efforts reek of political score-settling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>ICN’s Take\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIn the Trump administration’s early days, climate policy optimists gamely sifted through the president’s statements, his administration’s actions, and other nations’ reactions for grains of hope. Perhaps Trump would be persuaded to maintain the United States’ seat at the table in international climate negotiations. Perhaps the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/epas-pruitt-praised-for-effectiveness-hits-bumps-in-his-rollback-campaign/2018/05/20/c6ca13d8-53b3-11e8-abd8-265bd07a9859_story.html?noredirect=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">efforts\u003c/a> of his early, scandal-plagued cabinet members to erase climate regulation would fail. Or perhaps \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/4800747/china-climate-change-paris-agreement-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">other nations would step up\u003c/a> to fill the climate leadership void created by Trump, and the world would forge ahead with the action needed to address the climate crisis, leaving the United States behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All such hopes have been in vain. Although Trump occasionally feigns concern about climate—”\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/12/03/its-possible-that-trump-doesnt-actually-know-what-climate-change-is/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">I think about it all the time,\u003c/a>” he once said—his policy has been an unmitigated and relentless drive toward fossil energy development. The missteps of his former EPA administrator, Scott Pruitt, and others in the first round of appointees, have been erased by seasoned Washington bureaucrats and lobbyists who now are at the helm of the environmental agencies. And instead of racing to grasp the leadership baton dropped by Trump, China, the European Union and other large carbon polluters are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/15/climate/cop25-un-climate-talks-madrid.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">falling behind both in their own ambition and in support\u003c/a> for the nations most vulnerable to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trump’s intentions, and his administration’s deleterious impact on global climate progress, will be evident to voters in 2020 in a way that many failed to grasp four years earlier. The only question is whether those who care about the planet’s future can unite as a political force in a way that eluded them in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Elizabeth Warren Climate Profile: Taking Up Mantle of 'Climate Candidate' Inslee",
"headTitle": "Elizabeth Warren Climate Profile: Taking Up Mantle of ‘Climate Candidate’ Inslee | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cem style=\"font-weight: 400;\">‘Before the 2008 crash, investors and the government failed to address growing risks in our financial system. We’re making the same mistake with climate change today — we know it’s coming, but we’re not doing enough to stop it.’\u003cbr>\n—\u003c/em>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elizabeth Warren, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenWarren/status/1041756395140464641\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">September 2018\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\"]Analysis: The Candidates on Climate Change\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956430/joe-biden-climate-profile-surprising-embrace-of-green-new-deal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joe Biden\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956501/michael-bloomberg-climate-profile-shutting-down-coal-modest-federal-spending%22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Bloomberg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956514/pete-buttigieg-climate-profile-making-u-s-the-worlds-clean-tech-leader\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pete Buttigieg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956525/amy-klobuchar-climate-profile-using-presidency-to-restore-clean-energy-policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amy Klobuchar\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956421/bernie-sanders-climate-profile-16-trillion-in-spending-for-most-ambitious-plan-yet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bernie Sanders\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957439/tom-steyer-climate-profile-a-justice-centered-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tom Steyer\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957088/donald-trump-climate-profile-this-president-is-all-about-fossil-fuels\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Donald Trump\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Been There\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Elizabeth Warren, who represents Massachusetts, a state with strong ties to Puerto Rico, paid attention to Hurricane Maria when it spread death and lasting destruction across Puerto Rico in 2017. Warren was already fighting for debt relief for the territory before the storm. Maria brought the island’s plight into a climate focus. “There are people who have no food, there are people who have no water, there are people who have no medicine, there are people who need our help,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenWarren/status/1040268624542543873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">she said\u003c/a>. “This is the responsibility of our government, the government that is supposed to work for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Done That\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warren came to political prominence in her detailed response to the financial crisis of 2008, and that has carried over into her increasingly developed position on climate change. Look at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-colleagues-unveil-bill-to-require-every-public-company-to-disclose-climate-related-risks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Climate Risk Disclosure Act\u003c/a> that she introduced in September that would require companies to disclose the risk climate change poses to their financial assets. The bill would require companies to release information on their greenhouse gas emissions, fossil fuel holdings and how they would be impacted by both climate policies and the effects of climate change. The bill languished, but the issue has been\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/31052017/exxon-shareholder-climate-change-disclosure-resolution-approved\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> gaining traction\u003c/a> among fossil fuel company shareholders in recent years and appears to also be \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/17/democrats-energy-industry-climate-risk-1483586\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gaining traction\u003c/a> among other candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Getting Specific\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• If Warren’s campaign had a single slogan, it would be “\u003ca href=\"https://time.com/longform/elizabeth-warren-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">I have a plan for that.\u003c/a>” While she entered the race with a reputation based on issues other than climate change — some environmentalists \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/stories/1060108745/print\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dismissed her leadership\u003c/a> in this realm — she has made up for it with a series of expansive and fairly detailed prescriptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Warren sought to pick up the baton of climate leadership from Washington Gov. Jay Inslee after he ended his climate-focused run for president. She met privately with him and then adopted his aggressive \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/jay-inslee-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">multipart action proposal\u003c/a>. She has challenged all of the presidential candidates to make the same commitment to \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/100-clean-energy-for-america-de75ee39887d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">100 percent clean energy, buildings and transportation\u003c/a>. Warren’s plan calls for all new buildings to be zero-emissions by 2028, all electricity to be carbon-neutral by 2030, and all new passenger cars, trucks and buses to be zero emissions by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Warren struck early with a pledge in April to prohibit all new fossil fuel leases on \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/my-plan-for-public-lands-e4be1d88a01c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public lands\u003c/a>. She had co-sponsored legislation on the same theme, but it never moved in the Republican Senate. Some, but not all, of the other candidates quickly echoed the promise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Warren’s opening climate gambit was a $2 trillion \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/my-green-manufacturing-plan-for-america-fc0ad53ab614\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">package\u003c/a> of investment in green research, manufacturing and exporting, all to help “achieve the ambitious targets of the Green New Deal” over the next 10 years. She then raised that to $3 trillion, matching Inslee’s commitment, and explained exactly where the funds would come from: reversing the Trump tax cuts of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Her plan would include $1.5 trillion for American-made clean energy products, $400 billion in funding for green research and development and $100 billion in foreign assistance to purchase emissions-free American energy technology. In her \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/fighting-for-justice-as-we-combat-the-climate-crisis-597727c296bb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://medium.com/@teamwarren/fighting-for-justice-as-we-combat-the-climate-crisis-597727c296bb&source=gmail&ust=1570820447120000&usg=AFQjCNEL3dx-InEKdhjtQJajIsep-MI-_A\">plan for environmental justice\u003c/a>, Warren said she would direct one-third of her proposed climate investments or “at least $1 trillion” to vulnerable communities most impacted by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Warren’s \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/a-new-farm-economy-8db50fac0551\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agriculture plan\u003c/a> aims to incentivize farmers to invest in sustainable farming practices that reduce carbon emissions. It calls for expanding the voluntary Conservation Stewardship Program, which compensates farmers for implementing more sustainable practices, from $1 billion to $15 billion annually. Her \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/leveling-the-playing-field-for-americas-family-farmers-823d1994f067\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">platform\u003c/a> also takes aim at breaking up the megamergers of agricultural corporations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Her “\u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/we-need-a-blue-new-deal-for-our-oceans-4efd971e0992\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Blue New Deal\u003c/a>” plan for the oceans would fast-track permitting for offshore wind energy while phasing out offshore drilling for oil and gas. Warren’s plan calls for electrification of ports to reduce local air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. It also includes a “blue carbon” program that would support natural, ocean-based carbon sequestration projects including those involving coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds and wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>ICN’s Take\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Warren built her career in the Senate railing against Wall Street and championing consumer protection and economic equality. But her priorities are evolving as environmental and economic impacts of climate change increasingly merge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the campaign trail, Warren is increasingly taking a leadership role on climate issues — as when she became one of the first presidential candidates to sign the No Fossil Fuel pledge. When she released a detailed policy proposal in April to ban new oil and gas leases on federal lands and waters, other candidates quickly followed suit. And when Joe Biden put out a big climate pledge, Warren was able to quickly trump him with an even bigger commitment of her own. By aligning herself with Inslee’s climate ideas, Warren clearly is making a bid for climate voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003ci>\u003cem>Read Elizabeth Warren’s \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/100-clean-energy-for-america-de75ee39887d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">climate platform\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter/icn-weekly\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "After the single-issue climate change-candidate Washington Gov. Jay Inslee dropped out of the race, Warren adopted his aggressive, multipart climate action plan.\r\n",
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"description": "After the single-issue climate change-candidate Washington Gov. Jay Inslee dropped out of the race, Warren adopted his aggressive, multipart climate action plan.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cem style=\"font-weight: 400;\">‘Before the 2008 crash, investors and the government failed to address growing risks in our financial system. We’re making the same mistake with climate change today — we know it’s coming, but we’re not doing enough to stop it.’\u003cbr>\n—\u003c/em>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elizabeth Warren, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenWarren/status/1041756395140464641\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">September 2018\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "Analysis: The Candidates on Climate Change\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956430/joe-biden-climate-profile-surprising-embrace-of-green-new-deal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joe Biden\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956501/michael-bloomberg-climate-profile-shutting-down-coal-modest-federal-spending%22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Bloomberg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956514/pete-buttigieg-climate-profile-making-u-s-the-worlds-clean-tech-leader\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pete Buttigieg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956525/amy-klobuchar-climate-profile-using-presidency-to-restore-clean-energy-policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amy Klobuchar\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956421/bernie-sanders-climate-profile-16-trillion-in-spending-for-most-ambitious-plan-yet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bernie Sanders\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957439/tom-steyer-climate-profile-a-justice-centered-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tom Steyer\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957088/donald-trump-climate-profile-this-president-is-all-about-fossil-fuels\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Donald Trump\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Been There\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Elizabeth Warren, who represents Massachusetts, a state with strong ties to Puerto Rico, paid attention to Hurricane Maria when it spread death and lasting destruction across Puerto Rico in 2017. Warren was already fighting for debt relief for the territory before the storm. Maria brought the island’s plight into a climate focus. “There are people who have no food, there are people who have no water, there are people who have no medicine, there are people who need our help,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenWarren/status/1040268624542543873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">she said\u003c/a>. “This is the responsibility of our government, the government that is supposed to work for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Done That\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warren came to political prominence in her detailed response to the financial crisis of 2008, and that has carried over into her increasingly developed position on climate change. Look at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-colleagues-unveil-bill-to-require-every-public-company-to-disclose-climate-related-risks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Climate Risk Disclosure Act\u003c/a> that she introduced in September that would require companies to disclose the risk climate change poses to their financial assets. The bill would require companies to release information on their greenhouse gas emissions, fossil fuel holdings and how they would be impacted by both climate policies and the effects of climate change. The bill languished, but the issue has been\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/31052017/exxon-shareholder-climate-change-disclosure-resolution-approved\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> gaining traction\u003c/a> among fossil fuel company shareholders in recent years and appears to also be \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/17/democrats-energy-industry-climate-risk-1483586\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gaining traction\u003c/a> among other candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Getting Specific\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• If Warren’s campaign had a single slogan, it would be “\u003ca href=\"https://time.com/longform/elizabeth-warren-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">I have a plan for that.\u003c/a>” While she entered the race with a reputation based on issues other than climate change — some environmentalists \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/stories/1060108745/print\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dismissed her leadership\u003c/a> in this realm — she has made up for it with a series of expansive and fairly detailed prescriptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Warren sought to pick up the baton of climate leadership from Washington Gov. Jay Inslee after he ended his climate-focused run for president. She met privately with him and then adopted his aggressive \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/jay-inslee-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">multipart action proposal\u003c/a>. She has challenged all of the presidential candidates to make the same commitment to \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/100-clean-energy-for-america-de75ee39887d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">100 percent clean energy, buildings and transportation\u003c/a>. Warren’s plan calls for all new buildings to be zero-emissions by 2028, all electricity to be carbon-neutral by 2030, and all new passenger cars, trucks and buses to be zero emissions by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Warren struck early with a pledge in April to prohibit all new fossil fuel leases on \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/my-plan-for-public-lands-e4be1d88a01c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public lands\u003c/a>. She had co-sponsored legislation on the same theme, but it never moved in the Republican Senate. Some, but not all, of the other candidates quickly echoed the promise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Warren’s opening climate gambit was a $2 trillion \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/my-green-manufacturing-plan-for-america-fc0ad53ab614\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">package\u003c/a> of investment in green research, manufacturing and exporting, all to help “achieve the ambitious targets of the Green New Deal” over the next 10 years. She then raised that to $3 trillion, matching Inslee’s commitment, and explained exactly where the funds would come from: reversing the Trump tax cuts of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Her plan would include $1.5 trillion for American-made clean energy products, $400 billion in funding for green research and development and $100 billion in foreign assistance to purchase emissions-free American energy technology. In her \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/fighting-for-justice-as-we-combat-the-climate-crisis-597727c296bb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://medium.com/@teamwarren/fighting-for-justice-as-we-combat-the-climate-crisis-597727c296bb&source=gmail&ust=1570820447120000&usg=AFQjCNEL3dx-InEKdhjtQJajIsep-MI-_A\">plan for environmental justice\u003c/a>, Warren said she would direct one-third of her proposed climate investments or “at least $1 trillion” to vulnerable communities most impacted by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Warren’s \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/a-new-farm-economy-8db50fac0551\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agriculture plan\u003c/a> aims to incentivize farmers to invest in sustainable farming practices that reduce carbon emissions. It calls for expanding the voluntary Conservation Stewardship Program, which compensates farmers for implementing more sustainable practices, from $1 billion to $15 billion annually. Her \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/leveling-the-playing-field-for-americas-family-farmers-823d1994f067\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">platform\u003c/a> also takes aim at breaking up the megamergers of agricultural corporations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Her “\u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/we-need-a-blue-new-deal-for-our-oceans-4efd971e0992\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Blue New Deal\u003c/a>” plan for the oceans would fast-track permitting for offshore wind energy while phasing out offshore drilling for oil and gas. Warren’s plan calls for electrification of ports to reduce local air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. It also includes a “blue carbon” program that would support natural, ocean-based carbon sequestration projects including those involving coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds and wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>ICN’s Take\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Warren built her career in the Senate railing against Wall Street and championing consumer protection and economic equality. But her priorities are evolving as environmental and economic impacts of climate change increasingly merge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the campaign trail, Warren is increasingly taking a leadership role on climate issues — as when she became one of the first presidential candidates to sign the No Fossil Fuel pledge. When she released a detailed policy proposal in April to ban new oil and gas leases on federal lands and waters, other candidates quickly followed suit. And when Joe Biden put out a big climate pledge, Warren was able to quickly trump him with an even bigger commitment of her own. By aligning herself with Inslee’s climate ideas, Warren clearly is making a bid for climate voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003ci>\u003cem>Read Elizabeth Warren’s \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@teamwarren/100-clean-energy-for-america-de75ee39887d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">climate platform\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter/icn-weekly\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Wuhan Natives Living in the Bay Area Organize Long-Distance Coronavirus Relief",
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"content": "\u003cp>There are 15 confirmed cases of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new coronavirus\u003c/a> in the United States, compared with more than 40,000 in China, where the virus first surfaced in Wuhan City. There are also thousands of graduates from Wuhan-based universities who call the Bay Area home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So on January 23, when Chinese officials locked down the city in an effort to contain the COVID-19 virus, Tom Gong sprung into action in the South Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gong, who attended university in Wuhan and now lives in San Jose, connected online with fellow alumni and others with ties to the city of 11 million people to figure out how to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lockdown really sent a signal to us that [the] situation is very, very bad,” Gong said, “So we acted quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gong says the the group, now called \u003ca href=\"https://wuhanunited.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wuhan United\u003c/a>, began as four or five individuals and expanded to more than 30 people in a week.[pullquote citation='Zongchao Li, of Wuhan United']“It’s our hometown. You know, we care. And we just want to do what we can to help them.” [/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to work together to send much needed medical supplies from [the] U.S. to China to help the hospitals in Wuhan,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team, which often discusses plans over WeChat or Zoom video, mostly includes graduates from two universities: \u003ca class=\"name-subtitle\" href=\"http://www.hust.edu.cn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Huazhong University of Science and Technology,\u003c/a> where Gong studied, and \u003ca href=\"https://en.whu.edu.cn/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wuhan University\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zongchao Li, who handles communications for Wuhan United, said the group kept hearing reports from family and friends in Wuhan about nurses and doctors working around the clock with little rest and dwindling supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gets very emotional for everybody,” Li said. “And it’s our hometown. You know, we care. And we just want to do what we can to help them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957053\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1957053\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">29 pallets of medical supplies, weighing more than three tons, were delivered to Wuhan’s Tongji Hospital on Feb. 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Wuhan United)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wuhan United partners with nonprofits like \u003ca href=\"https://www.directrelief.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Direct Relief\u003c/a> to deliver protective gear like gloves and masks to hospitals treating patients and working to containing the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gong said these relief organizations have the supplies, but need help navigating the logistics of making sure these shipments from the U.S. get into the hands of health workers in Wuhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where Wuhan United comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group helps with paperwork like customs forms and legal documents that donors need to sign in order for hospitals to receive the supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gong said his experience doing business in China, along with the group’s contacts in Wuhan’s government, industry and health care sectors, has helped make their work possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the shipments arrive in China via FedEx, Li said, the group’s network of family and friends in Wuhan help coordinate delivery to hospitals in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first shipment arranged by Wuhan United contained 17 pallets of medical supplies that weighed about about 2.5 tons. It arrived at Wuhan Union Hospital on January 31, just over a week after the group first rallied online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In several shipments, Gong estimated they’ve delivered more than 1 million items of protective equipment. The team is preparing another scheduled to depart on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gong, who was born in Wuhan, said the effects of the Wuhan coronavirus will likely “trickle down to all corners of society.” He has brothers still living in the city and his wife has sisters working in hospitals there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one is prepared to handle this kind of situation,” he said. “People in Wuhan are suffering. We really appreciate [if] you can understand more about their life and help them as much as you can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to work together to send much needed medical supplies from [the] U.S. to China to help the hospitals in Wuhan,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team, which often discusses plans over WeChat or Zoom video, mostly includes graduates from two universities: \u003ca class=\"name-subtitle\" href=\"http://www.hust.edu.cn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Huazhong University of Science and Technology,\u003c/a> where Gong studied, and \u003ca href=\"https://en.whu.edu.cn/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wuhan University\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zongchao Li, who handles communications for Wuhan United, said the group kept hearing reports from family and friends in Wuhan about nurses and doctors working around the clock with little rest and dwindling supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gets very emotional for everybody,” Li said. “And it’s our hometown. You know, we care. And we just want to do what we can to help them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957053\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1957053\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Wuhan-United-Image-4-copy-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">29 pallets of medical supplies, weighing more than three tons, were delivered to Wuhan’s Tongji Hospital on Feb. 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Wuhan United)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wuhan United partners with nonprofits like \u003ca href=\"https://www.directrelief.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Direct Relief\u003c/a> to deliver protective gear like gloves and masks to hospitals treating patients and working to containing the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gong said these relief organizations have the supplies, but need help navigating the logistics of making sure these shipments from the U.S. get into the hands of health workers in Wuhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where Wuhan United comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group helps with paperwork like customs forms and legal documents that donors need to sign in order for hospitals to receive the supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gong said his experience doing business in China, along with the group’s contacts in Wuhan’s government, industry and health care sectors, has helped make their work possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the shipments arrive in China via FedEx, Li said, the group’s network of family and friends in Wuhan help coordinate delivery to hospitals in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first shipment arranged by Wuhan United contained 17 pallets of medical supplies that weighed about about 2.5 tons. It arrived at Wuhan Union Hospital on January 31, just over a week after the group first rallied online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In several shipments, Gong estimated they’ve delivered more than 1 million items of protective equipment. The team is preparing another scheduled to depart on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gong, who was born in Wuhan, said the effects of the Wuhan coronavirus will likely “trickle down to all corners of society.” He has brothers still living in the city and his wife has sisters working in hospitals there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one is prepared to handle this kind of situation,” he said. “People in Wuhan are suffering. We really appreciate [if] you can understand more about their life and help them as much as you can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003ch4>One of the most stunning discoveries of the 2015 New Horizons flyby mission to Pluto was a big, heart-shaped region full of canyons, plains and mountain chains.\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap]s you may remember, Pluto lost its status as a planet a few years ago. Now, astronomers call it a “dwarf” planet. Despite that rejection, this planet has heart — a big heart-shaped region known as Tombaugh Regio. One of the most stunning discoveries of the 2015 New Horizons flyby mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to imagine that everybody expected a flat ball covered with ice,” said Tanguy Bertrand, a postdoctoral research fellow at NASA Ames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956972\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1956972\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/us7V64YEL5L34P64EetPx-1024-80-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/us7V64YEL5L34P64EetPx-1024-80-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/us7V64YEL5L34P64EetPx-1024-80-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/us7V64YEL5L34P64EetPx-1024-80-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/us7V64YEL5L34P64EetPx-1024-80-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/us7V64YEL5L34P64EetPx-1024-80.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The left “lobe” of Pluto’s heart-shaped region is an icy plain of nitrogen known as Sputnik Planitia. \u003ccite>(NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Instead, astronomers saw a beautiful, diverse landscape that includes canyons, plains and mountain chains. Tombaugh Regio in particular got a lot of attention because it was so visually striking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bertrand is lead author on a \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2019JE006120\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new paper\u003c/a> that examines how the west lobe of the heart, an area known as Sputnik Planitia, controls the dwarf planet’s winds. While the eastern half of the lobe is scraggly mountains and the western half is a frozen plane of nitrogen. And not just any nitrogen. This pulses with a kind of beat that makes the winds flow westward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the day, with the heat of the sun, the nitrogen ice warms and turns into vapor, creating a pressure that flows toward a darker, cooler region, where it condenses and re-forms as ice. This creates a flow from north to south and back. The planet is also spinning eastward. This rotation (because of the Coriolis effect) deflects the winds and they flow in a westward direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar process generates winds on Earth, but it’s slightly more complicated. Air rises in the equatorial zones, flows toward cooler polar regions, drops down and returns toward the equator in what scientists call “Hadley cells.” This circulation creates the trade winds, tropical rain-belts and hurricanes, subtropical deserts and the jet streams. On our planet, though, winds don’t flow in any one given direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interesting fact: NASA researchers found this effect on Pluto by applying weather forecast models made for Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[This] gives us some perspective and gives us a natural laboratory to improve our knowledge,” Bertrand said. “It gives us a chance to test theories, learn more about fluid dynamics, and climate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately what they learn can improve how those weather models work for Earth and, possibly, for habitable exo-planets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>The California Legislative Analyst’s Office is recommending the state legislature reject Gov. Gavin Newsom’s proposal for a $1 billion green loan fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote citation=\"Newsom Press Secretary Vicky Waters\"]‘We disagree with the LAO’s assessment of the climate catalyst fund. California cannot wait to make major investments that deploy and scale technologies to meet our climate goals.’[/pullquote]When Newsom released his state budget proposal in January, he announced the four-year revolving loan program, meant to help grow small- and medium-sized climate-friendly businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The progam is intended to jumpstart businesses like electric vehicle charging stations, climate-friendly farming initiatives and other sustainability projects that have a hard time attracting private capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we grow, we must demand that the benefits of this growth be widely shared by workers and small businesses – not just those with access to huge amounts of capital,” Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1955578/california-climate-budget-to-include-1-billion-green-loan-fund\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> at the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4155\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> released Thursday by the LAO, a nonpartisan advisory agency for the state Legislature, analysts said the loan program would be problematic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It wasn’t clear exactly what projects would be eligible and whether those projects would actually be appropriate for a loan,” said Brian Weatherford, a senior fiscal and policy analyst for the LAO, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The LAO said investing in businesses that could potentially provide the most benefit in terms of reducing emissions can be risky because many may not end up being feasible, can’t get regulatory approval or do not have a way to repay the loan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program is designed to be self-sustaining — as borrowers repay loans, the state can use the money to issue additional ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Weatherford said the administration hasn’t identified projects that could both repay the loan and not be able to attract financing from the private sector or elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysts also wrote in the report that the governor had not documented the demand for this kind of loan:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We acknowledge that appropriate projects could benefit from access to the low‑cost financing this fund would provide. However, the administration has not demonstrated the actual size of this need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, the analysts wrote, staff at the governmental entities that would authorize the loans don’t necessarily have “the deep technical knowledge or practical expertise that might be needed to accurately assess the risks of the eligible projects — especially those projects that conventional lenders, who have access to the necessary expertise, have refused to finance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there is value in helping to finance these kind of businesses, the LAO said, it would be “inappropriate” given the risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Newsom administration rejected the LAO’s reasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We disagree with the LAO’s assessment of the climate catalyst fund,” said Vicky Waters, Newsom’s press secretary, in an email. “California cannot wait to make major investments that deploy and scale technologies to meet our climate goals. We look forward to working with the Legislature on this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report assessed all of Newsom’s major climate change proposals, including a $965 million cap-and-trade expenditure and a $4.75 billion climate bond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the climate bond, analysts said the governor’s proposal is one approach to designing the bond, “but the Legislature has other options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They recommend the state focus on its top climate priorities and consider how much to spend on immediate effects of climate change as compared to longer term impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>When Newsom released his state budget proposal in January, he announced the four-year revolving loan program, meant to help grow small- and medium-sized climate-friendly businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The progam is intended to jumpstart businesses like electric vehicle charging stations, climate-friendly farming initiatives and other sustainability projects that have a hard time attracting private capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we grow, we must demand that the benefits of this growth be widely shared by workers and small businesses – not just those with access to huge amounts of capital,” Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1955578/california-climate-budget-to-include-1-billion-green-loan-fund\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> at the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4155\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> released Thursday by the LAO, a nonpartisan advisory agency for the state Legislature, analysts said the loan program would be problematic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It wasn’t clear exactly what projects would be eligible and whether those projects would actually be appropriate for a loan,” said Brian Weatherford, a senior fiscal and policy analyst for the LAO, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The LAO said investing in businesses that could potentially provide the most benefit in terms of reducing emissions can be risky because many may not end up being feasible, can’t get regulatory approval or do not have a way to repay the loan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program is designed to be self-sustaining — as borrowers repay loans, the state can use the money to issue additional ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Weatherford said the administration hasn’t identified projects that could both repay the loan and not be able to attract financing from the private sector or elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysts also wrote in the report that the governor had not documented the demand for this kind of loan:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We acknowledge that appropriate projects could benefit from access to the low‑cost financing this fund would provide. However, the administration has not demonstrated the actual size of this need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, the analysts wrote, staff at the governmental entities that would authorize the loans don’t necessarily have “the deep technical knowledge or practical expertise that might be needed to accurately assess the risks of the eligible projects — especially those projects that conventional lenders, who have access to the necessary expertise, have refused to finance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there is value in helping to finance these kind of businesses, the LAO said, it would be “inappropriate” given the risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Newsom administration rejected the LAO’s reasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We disagree with the LAO’s assessment of the climate catalyst fund,” said Vicky Waters, Newsom’s press secretary, in an email. “California cannot wait to make major investments that deploy and scale technologies to meet our climate goals. We look forward to working with the Legislature on this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report assessed all of Newsom’s major climate change proposals, including a $965 million cap-and-trade expenditure and a $4.75 billion climate bond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the climate bond, analysts said the governor’s proposal is one approach to designing the bond, “but the Legislature has other options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They recommend the state focus on its top climate priorities and consider how much to spend on immediate effects of climate change as compared to longer term impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1956941\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Melanie Ott, senior investigator with the Gladstone Institutes, speaks at a panel on the 2019 novel coronavirus on Feb. 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED Science)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Virus experts from the University of California, San Francisco and the Gladstone Institutes research organization gathered recently to update the public about the risks associated with the \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003ci>2019 novel coronavirus\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> that first surfaced in Wuhan City, China and has infected tens of thousands of people worldwide.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>The panel discussion, called “Understanding the Wuhan Coronavirus,” was held Thursday, Feb. 6 at Gladstone’s San Francisco headquarters. Here are some the COVID-19 basics the panelists addressed at the event.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Part of a Large Family of Viruses\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the term “coronavirus” may be new to people in the United States, this strain belongs to a large family of viruses that include the common cold and more serious diseases like \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/emergencies/mers-cov/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/csr/sars/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Warner Greene, director of Gladstone’s Center for HIV Cure Research, said, “10 to 30 percent of colds are caused by one form or another of a coronavirus\u003ci>.\u003c/i>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the preliminary research shows that this virus may spread more easily among humans than SARS or MERS, but it appears to be less lethal. Researchers estimate the mortality rate of COVID-19 at about 2 percent, compared with about 9 percent for SARS and more than 30 percent for MERS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene added that it’s still too early to know this for sure because the data are “rapidly evolving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>My message,” he said, “is that this is an outbreak. It’s not an epidemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other panelists said \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">influenza\u003c/a> poses a greater threat to public health compared to this novel coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, around 35,000 people die every year of the seasonal flu,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this flu season, the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/burden/preliminary-in-season-estimates.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates\u003c/a> that more than 20 million people in the United States have contracted influenza, and more than 10,000 have died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only 15 people in the U.S. have so far tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Tracking the Virus\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have traced COVID-19, and viruses like it, to bats. Animal-to-human transmission, however, typically occurs through a secondary host. Scientists have traced the MERS outbreak to palm civets (a cat-like mammal), and SARS to camels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene said public health experts don’t yet know the secondary host for this strain of coronavirus, but they believe the outbreak began at a seafood market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Charles Chiu, director of the UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, said the initial animal-to-human transmission likely occurred in late November or early December of 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since then, there’s been no evidence of ongoing animal-to-human transmission events. All of the outbreak has essentially been sustained by human to human transmission,” Chiu said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Panelists said a shortage of samples has limited their research. Chiu said scientists do have access to at least 60 genome sequences of the strain from different patients. From these sequences, scientists have discovered only seven mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The virus, in general, is not regarded as a very fast mutating virus. This is unlike other viruses that we have that can adapt very fast,” said Dr. Melanie Ott, a senior investigator with the Gladstone Institutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be a boon to researchers working on vaccines and treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Containing the Outbreak\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At present there is no cure or vaccine specific to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott said at least three companies have publicly announced the development of a vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Interest in making a vaccine is very high currently,” she said, “… either with a DNA and RNA, or with a nanoparticle vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott added that physicians are in the process of testing antiviral drugs for the flu, HIV, MERS and ebola in patients with COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers with the National Institutes of Health’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-officials-discuss-novel-coronavirus-recently-emerged-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases\u003c/a> say vaccine candidates could be available for human testing in about three months. But it will likely take about a year to complete validation and safety evaluations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene said public health measures hold the key to containing the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“SARS was not controlled by medicines or a vaccine. It was controlled by public health interventions, tracking infections, limiting contact of infected individuals with others. And certainly in the absence of appropriate vaccines and and highly active drugs, that’s exactly what will be undertaken here,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that a strain on resources is the big challenge for health officials in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We now see or are hearing reports that in Wuhan that there are sick individuals who are wandering from hospital to hospital trying to get care. They’re running out of supplies. The medical system is completely stressed,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike the the more pervasive flu, he said, this novel coronavirus doesn’t have “the same type of seasonality,” meaning, once contained, it likely won’t resurface each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Masks Not Generally Recommended\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC doesn’t recommend masks for most people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Medical personnel in close contact caring for patients with chronic viruses should take all precautions. But in terms of day-to-day interactions, hand-washing is far more effective,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC does recommend masks for patients with the virus, people in their households and hospital staff treating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>The final message I think we want,” Greene said, “is we should be watchful…we should follow this outbreak, but we should be secure in the fact that the apocalypse is not upon us. This is a viral outbreak that is running its course now.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1956941\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Melanie Ott, senior investigator with the Gladstone Institutes, speaks at a panel on the 2019 novel coronavirus on Feb. 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED Science)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Virus experts from the University of California, San Francisco and the Gladstone Institutes research organization gathered recently to update the public about the risks associated with the \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003ci>2019 novel coronavirus\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> that first surfaced in Wuhan City, China and has infected tens of thousands of people worldwide.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>The panel discussion, called “Understanding the Wuhan Coronavirus,” was held Thursday, Feb. 6 at Gladstone’s San Francisco headquarters. Here are some the COVID-19 basics the panelists addressed at the event.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Part of a Large Family of Viruses\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the term “coronavirus” may be new to people in the United States, this strain belongs to a large family of viruses that include the common cold and more serious diseases like \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/emergencies/mers-cov/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/csr/sars/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Warner Greene, director of Gladstone’s Center for HIV Cure Research, said, “10 to 30 percent of colds are caused by one form or another of a coronavirus\u003ci>.\u003c/i>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the preliminary research shows that this virus may spread more easily among humans than SARS or MERS, but it appears to be less lethal. Researchers estimate the mortality rate of COVID-19 at about 2 percent, compared with about 9 percent for SARS and more than 30 percent for MERS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene added that it’s still too early to know this for sure because the data are “rapidly evolving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>My message,” he said, “is that this is an outbreak. It’s not an epidemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other panelists said \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">influenza\u003c/a> poses a greater threat to public health compared to this novel coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, around 35,000 people die every year of the seasonal flu,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this flu season, the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/burden/preliminary-in-season-estimates.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates\u003c/a> that more than 20 million people in the United States have contracted influenza, and more than 10,000 have died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only 15 people in the U.S. have so far tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Tracking the Virus\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have traced COVID-19, and viruses like it, to bats. Animal-to-human transmission, however, typically occurs through a secondary host. Scientists have traced the MERS outbreak to palm civets (a cat-like mammal), and SARS to camels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene said public health experts don’t yet know the secondary host for this strain of coronavirus, but they believe the outbreak began at a seafood market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Charles Chiu, director of the UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, said the initial animal-to-human transmission likely occurred in late November or early December of 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since then, there’s been no evidence of ongoing animal-to-human transmission events. All of the outbreak has essentially been sustained by human to human transmission,” Chiu said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Panelists said a shortage of samples has limited their research. Chiu said scientists do have access to at least 60 genome sequences of the strain from different patients. From these sequences, scientists have discovered only seven mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The virus, in general, is not regarded as a very fast mutating virus. This is unlike other viruses that we have that can adapt very fast,” said Dr. Melanie Ott, a senior investigator with the Gladstone Institutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be a boon to researchers working on vaccines and treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Containing the Outbreak\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At present there is no cure or vaccine specific to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott said at least three companies have publicly announced the development of a vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Interest in making a vaccine is very high currently,” she said, “… either with a DNA and RNA, or with a nanoparticle vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott added that physicians are in the process of testing antiviral drugs for the flu, HIV, MERS and ebola in patients with COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers with the National Institutes of Health’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-officials-discuss-novel-coronavirus-recently-emerged-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases\u003c/a> say vaccine candidates could be available for human testing in about three months. But it will likely take about a year to complete validation and safety evaluations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene said public health measures hold the key to containing the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“SARS was not controlled by medicines or a vaccine. It was controlled by public health interventions, tracking infections, limiting contact of infected individuals with others. And certainly in the absence of appropriate vaccines and and highly active drugs, that’s exactly what will be undertaken here,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that a strain on resources is the big challenge for health officials in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We now see or are hearing reports that in Wuhan that there are sick individuals who are wandering from hospital to hospital trying to get care. They’re running out of supplies. The medical system is completely stressed,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike the the more pervasive flu, he said, this novel coronavirus doesn’t have “the same type of seasonality,” meaning, once contained, it likely won’t resurface each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Masks Not Generally Recommended\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC doesn’t recommend masks for most people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Medical personnel in close contact caring for patients with chronic viruses should take all precautions. But in terms of day-to-day interactions, hand-washing is far more effective,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC does recommend masks for patients with the virus, people in their households and hospital staff treating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>The final message I think we want,” Greene said, “is we should be watchful…we should follow this outbreak, but we should be secure in the fact that the apocalypse is not upon us. This is a viral outbreak that is running its course now.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Coronavirus Vaccine at Least a Year Away: NIH Official",
"headTitle": "Coronavirus Vaccine at Least a Year Away: NIH Official | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>No major pharmaceutical company has come forward to say it would manufacture a novel coronavirus vaccine, currently being developed by the National Institutes of Health, a top U.S. official acknowledged Tuesday, a reality that he called “very difficult and very frustrating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The comments by Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, highlight how challenging it could be to translate the NIH’s work, being undertaken in partnership with the biotech company Moderna Therapeutics, into a vaccine that could be marketed. Fauci described the circumstances as challenging. “Companies that have the skill to be able to do it are not going to just sit around and have a warm facility, ready to go for when you need it,” Fauci said, speaking on a panel Tuesday hosted by the Aspen Institute and moderated by STAT’s Helen Branswell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said it would be at least a year before a coronavirus vaccine would be available. However, that timeline assumes a large pharmaceutical manufacturer does step up to help make the product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine being developed by the NIH and Moderna uses mRNA technology and is being funded by the Oslo, Norway-based Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations. CEPI is funding three other efforts to develop a vaccine for the novel coronavirus. None of those partners, however, have the kind of commercial facilities that major pharmaceutical makers have and that would be capable of making the product in bulk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson & Johnson has announced it is interested in developing its own coronavirus vaccine. On Tuesday, the company’s vaccine division, Janssen, said it would partner with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, an agency of the Department of Health and Human Services to develop that vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the agency’s director, Rick Bright, said “speed is crucial to saving lives and reducing further spread of the virus. Janssen is a proven partner with a flexible, rapid, vaccine platform.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major drug makers, including Merck and GlaxoSmithKline, have stepped in to manufacture vaccines for previous public health emergencies. The vaccine against Ebola recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration and European regulators was manufactured by Merck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At other times, however, companies have responded in public health crises to develop vaccines, only to have those crises fade and to \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/01/11/vaccines-drug-makers/\">be left with the enormous sunk costs\u003c/a> of having to develop products for which there was no longer a market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we were doing this with Ebola, it was a major vaccine company that got burned who’s now pulling out of that,” Fauci added, without naming the company. “It is going to be a challenge to be able to get a major company to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5faOFdMfti8&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking alongside Fauci at the event was Ron Klain, who served as Ebola czar in the Obama administration and who echoed concerns that drug makers may be wary of getting involved again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t work for the companies, I’m not like a drug company fan,” Klain said, “but there’s no question that a lot of them lost a lot of money trying to produce an Ebola vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by STAT, an online publication of Boston Globe Media that covers health, medicine, and scientific discovery.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>No major pharmaceutical company has come forward to say it would manufacture a novel coronavirus vaccine, currently being developed by the National Institutes of Health, a top U.S. official acknowledged Tuesday, a reality that he called “very difficult and very frustrating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The comments by Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, highlight how challenging it could be to translate the NIH’s work, being undertaken in partnership with the biotech company Moderna Therapeutics, into a vaccine that could be marketed. Fauci described the circumstances as challenging. “Companies that have the skill to be able to do it are not going to just sit around and have a warm facility, ready to go for when you need it,” Fauci said, speaking on a panel Tuesday hosted by the Aspen Institute and moderated by STAT’s Helen Branswell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said it would be at least a year before a coronavirus vaccine would be available. However, that timeline assumes a large pharmaceutical manufacturer does step up to help make the product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine being developed by the NIH and Moderna uses mRNA technology and is being funded by the Oslo, Norway-based Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations. CEPI is funding three other efforts to develop a vaccine for the novel coronavirus. None of those partners, however, have the kind of commercial facilities that major pharmaceutical makers have and that would be capable of making the product in bulk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson & Johnson has announced it is interested in developing its own coronavirus vaccine. On Tuesday, the company’s vaccine division, Janssen, said it would partner with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, an agency of the Department of Health and Human Services to develop that vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the agency’s director, Rick Bright, said “speed is crucial to saving lives and reducing further spread of the virus. Janssen is a proven partner with a flexible, rapid, vaccine platform.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major drug makers, including Merck and GlaxoSmithKline, have stepped in to manufacture vaccines for previous public health emergencies. The vaccine against Ebola recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration and European regulators was manufactured by Merck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At other times, however, companies have responded in public health crises to develop vaccines, only to have those crises fade and to \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/01/11/vaccines-drug-makers/\">be left with the enormous sunk costs\u003c/a> of having to develop products for which there was no longer a market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we were doing this with Ebola, it was a major vaccine company that got burned who’s now pulling out of that,” Fauci added, without naming the company. “It is going to be a challenge to be able to get a major company to do that.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/5faOFdMfti8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/5faOFdMfti8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Speaking alongside Fauci at the event was Ron Klain, who served as Ebola czar in the Obama administration and who echoed concerns that drug makers may be wary of getting involved again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t work for the companies, I’m not like a drug company fan,” Klain said, “but there’s no question that a lot of them lost a lot of money trying to produce an Ebola vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by STAT, an online publication of Boston Globe Media that covers health, medicine, and scientific discovery.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Wednesday, Feb. 12: \u003c/strong>The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced at a news conference today that preliminary trials of the COVID-19 diagnostic testing kits it sent to some states produced inconclusive results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health had previously stated that diagnostic testing for COVID-19 at California labs could begin as early as Wednesday, Feb. 12. The agency will delay that testing until the state receives new materials from the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to KQED Science, CDPH representatives said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“The California Department of Public Health has been informed that after consultation and agreement with the FDA, the CDC is manufacturing a replacement component of the test kit to better ensure quality control. The California Department of Public Health remains poised to start testing for 2019 novel coronavirus upon receiving those materials.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, Tuesday, Feb. 11:\u003c/strong> State health officials say labs throughout California will soon begin testing for the 2019 novel coronavirus the World Health Organization recently named COVID-19. So far, seven people in California have been diagnosed with the flu-like disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR20-004.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Department of Public Health\u003c/a> announced that 16 labs are receiving the testing kits developed by the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, hospitals throughout the U.S., in collaboration with state and local health departments, shipped samples to the CDC’s laboratory in Atlanta for testing. Results could take up to a week to confirm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDPH says it expects results from local testing within two days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Testing here will allow us to get results faster for patient care and protecting public health,” Dr. Sonia Angell, California Department of Public Health Director, said in a video posted online Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CAPublicHealth/status/1225968747246043143\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDPH’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/VRDL.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory\u003c/a> in Richmond, California is one of the labs getting ready to begin testing. A spokesperson confirmed that the Richmond lab will have the capacity to run about 40 to 50 COVID-19 diagnostic tests a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC-developed test is a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, or RRT-PCR, test that’s similar to others performed in the state’s labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR20-004.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">press release\u003c/a>, CDPH said the agency’s local partners expect to start testing within a couple of weeks.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Wednesday, Feb. 12: \u003c/strong>The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced at a news conference today that preliminary trials of the COVID-19 diagnostic testing kits it sent to some states produced inconclusive results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health had previously stated that diagnostic testing for COVID-19 at California labs could begin as early as Wednesday, Feb. 12. The agency will delay that testing until the state receives new materials from the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to KQED Science, CDPH representatives said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“The California Department of Public Health has been informed that after consultation and agreement with the FDA, the CDC is manufacturing a replacement component of the test kit to better ensure quality control. The California Department of Public Health remains poised to start testing for 2019 novel coronavirus upon receiving those materials.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, Tuesday, Feb. 11:\u003c/strong> State health officials say labs throughout California will soon begin testing for the 2019 novel coronavirus the World Health Organization recently named COVID-19. So far, seven people in California have been diagnosed with the flu-like disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR20-004.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Department of Public Health\u003c/a> announced that 16 labs are receiving the testing kits developed by the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, hospitals throughout the U.S., in collaboration with state and local health departments, shipped samples to the CDC’s laboratory in Atlanta for testing. Results could take up to a week to confirm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDPH says it expects results from local testing within two days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Testing here will allow us to get results faster for patient care and protecting public health,” Dr. Sonia Angell, California Department of Public Health Director, said in a video posted online Friday.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>CDPH’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/VRDL.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory\u003c/a> in Richmond, California is one of the labs getting ready to begin testing. A spokesperson confirmed that the Richmond lab will have the capacity to run about 40 to 50 COVID-19 diagnostic tests a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC-developed test is a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, or RRT-PCR, test that’s similar to others performed in the state’s labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR20-004.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">press release\u003c/a>, CDPH said the agency’s local partners expect to start testing within a couple of weeks.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "EPA Appoints Former PG&E Attorney to Head Regional Office in San Francisco",
"headTitle": "EPA Appoints Former PG&E Attorney to Head Regional Office in San Francisco | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956806\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 584px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1956806\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Busterud.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"584\" height=\"905\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Busterud.jpg 584w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Busterud-160x248.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Busterud was appointed the head of the EPA’s San Francisco headquarters. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Busterud)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration Tuesday named a former PG&E attorney to head the federal Environmental Protection Agency’s regional office in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Busterud will manage roughly 700 staff employees and oversee environmental protection efforts across EPA’s Region 9, which includes 50 million people living in California, Nevada, Arizona, Hawaii, the Pacific Islands and tribal lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appointment comes amid continuing conflict between California and the federal government over environmental policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the areas of disagreement are the Trump administration’s policies aimed at expanding domestic oil and gas production, and its rollback of environmental regulations. California, a state with robust environmental enforcement, is seeking to transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busterud’s experience includes serving as a board member for the California Council for Environmental and Economic Balance, a group that represents the natural gas industry, among other types of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Quinn, the council’s president and CEO, said in a statement that Busterud is “uniquely qualified to provide strong and steady leadership for EPA and Region 9. John understands the issues and knows the key players, particularly here in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Kammen, a UC Berkeley professor who chairs the university’s Energy and Resources Group, was critical of the appointment, saying Busterud “certainly feels like a Trump administration appointee.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His resume is of an oil-and-gas knowledgeable person with exceedingly little background on the environment,” Kammen said. “EPA’s job is to protect and defend the environment, both natural and human. His background looks very much like he is someone with experience and depth on the traditional energy side of PG&E.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At PG&E, Busterud directed the department of the environment and real estate. He worked on issues related to air and water quality, endangered species, toxic waste and environmental policy, according to an EPA \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-announces-appointment-john-busterud-region-9-administrator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">press release\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E spokesperson Paul Doherty said in an email that Busterud retired from the company’s law department in 2016 after serving 30 years with the utility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has deep knowledge, expertise and experience in climate policy,” Doherty said. “He helped the company advocate for its positions supporting California’s bold clean energy goals, with a focus on our customers and communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked to elaborate on Busterud’s work on oil and gas issues for the utility, Doherty would only say “he had a 30-year career at the company. He had broad experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has sparred with the Trump administration over climate change and the environment more than on any other issue. California has won favorable rulings in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956379/on-the-environment-trump-is-getting-trounced-in-the-courts-at-least-so-far\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">majority\u003c/a> of environmental cases on which the courts have ruled, although many are still pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jared Blumenfeld, California’s top environmental regulator, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/environment/article/EPA-names-former-PG-E-attorney-to-head-West-Coast-15047582.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told\u003c/a> the San Francisco Chronicle that Busterud “seems reasonable and generally thoughtful on the issues” and “has the potential to do a good job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully, he’ll be able to fulfill EPA’s mandate to protect human health and the environment,” Blumenfeld said. “He’s going to have a tough job because the Trump administration is out to get California, San Francisco and the environment in general.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the Justice Department dropped an antitrust investigation into four car manufacturers that sided with California in an ongoing dispute with the administration over car pollution and smog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busterud said in a statement that it is an “honor and privilege” to take the position with the EPA, and that he looks forward to working with EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler. “We are committed to building on the agency’s legacy of success by providing clean and safe air, water and land for all Americans,” Busterud said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wheeler praised Busterud’s background in energy and environmental issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busterud is a retired U.S. Army Colonel with multiple active duty deployments in Iraq and on the Korean Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While he will not be in a position of setting policy, he will set the tone for how thoroughly his office presses polluters to comply with regulations. Regional EPA offices also help states in meeting their climate goals, provide technical input to large development projects and offer grants to local governments and organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>War of Words\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busterud replaces Mike Stoker, a former oil industry spokesperson, who was fired from his position as regional administrator less than a week ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EPA’s termination of Stoker sparked a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956694/regional-epa-chief-says-agency-fired-him-stands-by-climate-change-doubts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">war of words\u003c/a> with his former employer. Stoker said he was let go after receiving praise from Democrats, including Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t protect public health and environment in Democratic neighborhoods when you are Democratic president or in Republican neighborhoods when you are a Republican president, you do it everywhere,” Stoker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Stoker received scrutiny from the EPA’s inspector general after an internal complaint claiming he was traveling excessively and not spending much time with his staff, who are headquartered in San Francisco. Stoker managed the office from Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An EPA spokeswoman said Stoker was let go for “severe neglect and incompetent administration of his duties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956806\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 584px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1956806\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Busterud.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"584\" height=\"905\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Busterud.jpg 584w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Busterud-160x248.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Busterud was appointed the head of the EPA’s San Francisco headquarters. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Busterud)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration Tuesday named a former PG&E attorney to head the federal Environmental Protection Agency’s regional office in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Busterud will manage roughly 700 staff employees and oversee environmental protection efforts across EPA’s Region 9, which includes 50 million people living in California, Nevada, Arizona, Hawaii, the Pacific Islands and tribal lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appointment comes amid continuing conflict between California and the federal government over environmental policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the areas of disagreement are the Trump administration’s policies aimed at expanding domestic oil and gas production, and its rollback of environmental regulations. California, a state with robust environmental enforcement, is seeking to transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busterud’s experience includes serving as a board member for the California Council for Environmental and Economic Balance, a group that represents the natural gas industry, among other types of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Quinn, the council’s president and CEO, said in a statement that Busterud is “uniquely qualified to provide strong and steady leadership for EPA and Region 9. John understands the issues and knows the key players, particularly here in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Kammen, a UC Berkeley professor who chairs the university’s Energy and Resources Group, was critical of the appointment, saying Busterud “certainly feels like a Trump administration appointee.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His resume is of an oil-and-gas knowledgeable person with exceedingly little background on the environment,” Kammen said. “EPA’s job is to protect and defend the environment, both natural and human. His background looks very much like he is someone with experience and depth on the traditional energy side of PG&E.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At PG&E, Busterud directed the department of the environment and real estate. He worked on issues related to air and water quality, endangered species, toxic waste and environmental policy, according to an EPA \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-announces-appointment-john-busterud-region-9-administrator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">press release\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E spokesperson Paul Doherty said in an email that Busterud retired from the company’s law department in 2016 after serving 30 years with the utility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has deep knowledge, expertise and experience in climate policy,” Doherty said. “He helped the company advocate for its positions supporting California’s bold clean energy goals, with a focus on our customers and communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked to elaborate on Busterud’s work on oil and gas issues for the utility, Doherty would only say “he had a 30-year career at the company. He had broad experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has sparred with the Trump administration over climate change and the environment more than on any other issue. California has won favorable rulings in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956379/on-the-environment-trump-is-getting-trounced-in-the-courts-at-least-so-far\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">majority\u003c/a> of environmental cases on which the courts have ruled, although many are still pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jared Blumenfeld, California’s top environmental regulator, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/environment/article/EPA-names-former-PG-E-attorney-to-head-West-Coast-15047582.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told\u003c/a> the San Francisco Chronicle that Busterud “seems reasonable and generally thoughtful on the issues” and “has the potential to do a good job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully, he’ll be able to fulfill EPA’s mandate to protect human health and the environment,” Blumenfeld said. “He’s going to have a tough job because the Trump administration is out to get California, San Francisco and the environment in general.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the Justice Department dropped an antitrust investigation into four car manufacturers that sided with California in an ongoing dispute with the administration over car pollution and smog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busterud said in a statement that it is an “honor and privilege” to take the position with the EPA, and that he looks forward to working with EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler. “We are committed to building on the agency’s legacy of success by providing clean and safe air, water and land for all Americans,” Busterud said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wheeler praised Busterud’s background in energy and environmental issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busterud is a retired U.S. Army Colonel with multiple active duty deployments in Iraq and on the Korean Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While he will not be in a position of setting policy, he will set the tone for how thoroughly his office presses polluters to comply with regulations. Regional EPA offices also help states in meeting their climate goals, provide technical input to large development projects and offer grants to local governments and organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>War of Words\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busterud replaces Mike Stoker, a former oil industry spokesperson, who was fired from his position as regional administrator less than a week ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EPA’s termination of Stoker sparked a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956694/regional-epa-chief-says-agency-fired-him-stands-by-climate-change-doubts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">war of words\u003c/a> with his former employer. Stoker said he was let go after receiving praise from Democrats, including Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t protect public health and environment in Democratic neighborhoods when you are Democratic president or in Republican neighborhoods when you are a Republican president, you do it everywhere,” Stoker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Stoker received scrutiny from the EPA’s inspector general after an internal complaint claiming he was traveling excessively and not spending much time with his staff, who are headquartered in San Francisco. Stoker managed the office from Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An EPA spokeswoman said Stoker was let go for “severe neglect and incompetent administration of his duties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]As the weather starts to warm and cold days give way to balmier, sunny days, one rite of spring returns every year, just like spring flowers: cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955645\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Madagascar hissing cockroach\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955645\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) perches on the edge of a log. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people run to buy a can of bug spray or to call the exterminator when they see the scurrying little insects in their kitchens or outside their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not all roaches are pests. Some are pets – like the Madagascar hissing cockroach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can be \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbayvivarium.com/invert\">bought at pet stores\u003c/a> or online for $5 or less. They don’t bite and don’t carry diseases. They are also much larger than the run-of-the-mill roach, with adults averaging about 3 inches long. They live up to five years. They are slow-moving and mellow – kind of like an old tabby cat. But with antennae. And an appetite for fresh vegetables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s just a combination of size, cheapness, and they’re usually docile,” said Joshua Benoit, an \u003ca href=\"http://insectphysiology.uc.edu/\">assistant professor of biological sciences at the University of Cincinnati\u003c/a>. “They’re not aggressive, they don’t move fast. A combination of all those factors probably makes them pretty popular.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native to the remote island off the Eastern coast of Africa, they’re famous for a cool sound. They hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955639\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Madagascar hissing cockroaches\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955639\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of Madagascar hissing cockroaches (Gromphadorhina portentosa) eat leaves. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most other insects, like crickets and some beetles, make noises by rubbing body parts together, known as stridulation. Insects breathe using internal air sacs and tubes that take oxygen to all over their bodies. On the outside of their bodies, they have openings called spiracles. If a hissing cockroach force air through these spiracles rapidly, then it makes that signature sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as hissing, I can’t think of any other kinds of insect that hisses. I think you have to be kind of large to do that, and maybe a small bug couldn’t do it,” said Steve Heydon, senior museum scientist at the \u003ca href=\"http://bohart.ucdavis.edu/\">Bohart Museum of Entomology at UC Davis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The huge roaches are a big hit at the museum, especially with kids. It has dozens on hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The males are territorial, so they’ll set up little territories,” Heydon said. “If another male comes along, then they’ll hiss and they’ll kind of ram into each other. Kind of like little deer fighting, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the males also court the females with another hiss. Kind of a softer, gentler hiss. And then there’s also an alarm hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you pick them up, they’ll hiss like crazy,” Heydon said. “Just to do something unexpected in the hopes that they can get dropped and they’ll have another chance to get away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madagascar hissing cockroaches don’t pose a health risk because they’re cleaner than pest cockroaches, like the German or brown-banded variety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955637\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"cockroach sits on spoon\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955637\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A brown-banded cockroach sits on a dirty spoon. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nocturnal scavengers, the pest cockroaches rummage for food during the witching hours in your kitchen, bathrooms, trash and drains. They’re not that discriminating when it comes to what they eat. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resources/vector288to301.pdf\">World Health Organization report\u003c/a> noted that they’ll feed on just about anything, in addition to human food: “their own cast-off skins, dead and crippled cockroaches, fresh and dried blood, excrement, sputum, and the fingernails and toenails of babies and sleeping or sick persons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason their big exotic hissing cousins are cleaner? They’ve got special mites that live on them their entire lives. These tiny cleanup artists keep them tidier than other cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people assume that they’re bad, because people assume you don’t want to get mites,” Benoit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’re actually symbiotic. They keep the surface of the cockroaches clean. They live about twice as long. And the mites are obligate, so they can’t live anywhere else, at least as far as we know, except on the surface of the cockroach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955641\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"cockroach mites\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955641\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) with mites (Gromphadorholaelaps schaeferi) on its face clings to the edge of a log. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://news.osu.edu/mites-on-hissing-coackroach-may-benefit-humans-with-allergies/\">Benoit co-authored a study\u003c/a> several years ago that showed these tiny mites eat the saliva and organic debris that fosters mold growth on the cockroaches’ bodies – thus potentially reducing allergic responses among humans who handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So don’t be shy about picking up a Madagascar hissing cockroach. You’ll often find them at museums and zoos for interactive educational activities. The Bohart Museum of Entomology shows off its collection regularly during educational days that are open to the public, like its upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://biodiversitymuseumday.ucdavis.edu/\">Biodiversity Museum Day\u003c/a> on Feb. 15. Or stop by your local pet shop if you’re looking for a more hypoallergenic, low-maintenance critter than Fido or Fifi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone accidentally kills one, you could probably replace it for the kids,” Benoit joked. “They would never know.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As the weather starts to warm and cold days give way to balmier, sunny days, one rite of spring returns every year, just like spring flowers: cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955645\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Madagascar hissing cockroach\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955645\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_bark-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) perches on the edge of a log. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people run to buy a can of bug spray or to call the exterminator when they see the scurrying little insects in their kitchens or outside their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not all roaches are pests. Some are pets – like the Madagascar hissing cockroach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can be \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbayvivarium.com/invert\">bought at pet stores\u003c/a> or online for $5 or less. They don’t bite and don’t carry diseases. They are also much larger than the run-of-the-mill roach, with adults averaging about 3 inches long. They live up to five years. They are slow-moving and mellow – kind of like an old tabby cat. But with antennae. And an appetite for fresh vegetables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s just a combination of size, cheapness, and they’re usually docile,” said Joshua Benoit, an \u003ca href=\"http://insectphysiology.uc.edu/\">assistant professor of biological sciences at the University of Cincinnati\u003c/a>. “They’re not aggressive, they don’t move fast. A combination of all those factors probably makes them pretty popular.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native to the remote island off the Eastern coast of Africa, they’re famous for a cool sound. They hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955639\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Madagascar hissing cockroaches\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955639\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroaches_eat-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of Madagascar hissing cockroaches (Gromphadorhina portentosa) eat leaves. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most other insects, like crickets and some beetles, make noises by rubbing body parts together, known as stridulation. Insects breathe using internal air sacs and tubes that take oxygen to all over their bodies. On the outside of their bodies, they have openings called spiracles. If a hissing cockroach force air through these spiracles rapidly, then it makes that signature sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as hissing, I can’t think of any other kinds of insect that hisses. I think you have to be kind of large to do that, and maybe a small bug couldn’t do it,” said Steve Heydon, senior museum scientist at the \u003ca href=\"http://bohart.ucdavis.edu/\">Bohart Museum of Entomology at UC Davis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The huge roaches are a big hit at the museum, especially with kids. It has dozens on hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The males are territorial, so they’ll set up little territories,” Heydon said. “If another male comes along, then they’ll hiss and they’ll kind of ram into each other. Kind of like little deer fighting, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the males also court the females with another hiss. Kind of a softer, gentler hiss. And then there’s also an alarm hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you pick them up, they’ll hiss like crazy,” Heydon said. “Just to do something unexpected in the hopes that they can get dropped and they’ll have another chance to get away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madagascar hissing cockroaches don’t pose a health risk because they’re cleaner than pest cockroaches, like the German or brown-banded variety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955637\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"cockroach sits on spoon\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955637\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_knife-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A brown-banded cockroach sits on a dirty spoon. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nocturnal scavengers, the pest cockroaches rummage for food during the witching hours in your kitchen, bathrooms, trash and drains. They’re not that discriminating when it comes to what they eat. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resources/vector288to301.pdf\">World Health Organization report\u003c/a> noted that they’ll feed on just about anything, in addition to human food: “their own cast-off skins, dead and crippled cockroaches, fresh and dried blood, excrement, sputum, and the fingernails and toenails of babies and sleeping or sick persons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason their big exotic hissing cousins are cleaner? They’ve got special mites that live on them their entire lives. These tiny cleanup artists keep them tidier than other cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people assume that they’re bad, because people assume you don’t want to get mites,” Benoit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’re actually symbiotic. They keep the surface of the cockroaches clean. They live about twice as long. And the mites are obligate, so they can’t live anywhere else, at least as far as we know, except on the surface of the cockroach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955641\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"cockroach mites\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955641\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL703_cockroach_mites-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) with mites (Gromphadorholaelaps schaeferi) on its face clings to the edge of a log. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://news.osu.edu/mites-on-hissing-coackroach-may-benefit-humans-with-allergies/\">Benoit co-authored a study\u003c/a> several years ago that showed these tiny mites eat the saliva and organic debris that fosters mold growth on the cockroaches’ bodies – thus potentially reducing allergic responses among humans who handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So don’t be shy about picking up a Madagascar hissing cockroach. You’ll often find them at museums and zoos for interactive educational activities. The Bohart Museum of Entomology shows off its collection regularly during educational days that are open to the public, like its upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://biodiversitymuseumday.ucdavis.edu/\">Biodiversity Museum Day\u003c/a> on Feb. 15. Or stop by your local pet shop if you’re looking for a more hypoallergenic, low-maintenance critter than Fido or Fifi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone accidentally kills one, you could probably replace it for the kids,” Benoit joked. “They would never know.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration has launched a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/10/22/2019-22877/dna-sample-collection-from-immigration-detainees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pilot program\u003c/a> to collect DNA samples from migrants in two locations with plans to expand nationwide. The data is sent to the FBI and entered into a criminal database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/privacy-pia-dhs080-detaineedna-january2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">memo\u003c/a> from the federal Department of Homeland Security says, “prompt DNA-sample collection could be essential to the detection and solution of crimes [aliens] may have committed or may commit in the United States.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Trump administration also argues collecting DNA will stop migrant adults from smuggling children across the border and falsely posing as their parents. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates counter that the program will not reduce criminal activity or help solve crimes because \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/05/02/607652253/studies-say-illegal-immigration-does-not-increase-violent-crime\">multiple studies\u003c/a> show that illegal immigration does not result in more lawlessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The U.S. Border Patrol agents are learning how to collect DNA from a training video provided by the FBI. People who refuse to submit samples could face misdemeanor charges. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Whose DNA is Collected? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Federal agents are collecting cheek swabs from people as young as 14 who are in immigration custody at two U.S. locations: at the Canadian border in and around Detroit, and at the official port of entry in Eagle Pass, Texas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal permanent residents and those planning to enter the country legally will not be required to submit samples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The pilot program began on Jan. 6 and will continue for 90 days. The government plans to expand the program nationwide. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At present, more than 40,000 people are in medium or long term detention. About a million people circulate through immigration custody each year. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]“It casts Latinos as would-be criminals. The racial profiling of this program is unconscionable.” Charleen Adams, geneticist[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">People land in detention for a variety of reasons: crossing the border illegally, seeking asylum, work site raids, or overstaying a visa. Most \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">detainees have \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/583/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">no criminal record\u003c/a>. However, migrants’ DNA\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> samples are registered and held in perpetuity in the FBI criminal database, the Combined Index Data System (CODIS). Historically, that archive has housed genetic information from people who have been arrested, charged or convicted in relation to serious crimes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Privacy Concerns\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Civil rights advocates worry the expanded genetic testing compromises the privacy of people in detention and their families. Some scientists fear the information could wrongfully target a vulnerable population and lead to false criminal convictions.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vera Eidelman, a staff lawyer with the American Civil Liberties Union’s Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project, calls the program population surveillance. She said the government could use the genetic information to locate family members or even deny people health insurance because DNA is much more powerful than a fingerprint. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It does not simply identify me as Vera,” Eidelman said. “It also says Vera is related to x, y and z other people. By the way, she also has the BRCA gene or other propensities for medical conditions. It is not simply about identity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Hank Greely, a bioethicist at Stanford University, worries less than Eidelman about these potential uses. Although it is not explicitly clear what genetic information the government will catalog, experts assume it’s the 20 markers that make up the typical DNA profile in the FBI database. This is not a detailed analysis. It’s much less information than a 23andMe or Ancestry.com test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you had a kid at the border and wanted to know whether its father was in the CODIS database,” Greely said in an email, “you would likely get hundreds of hits, whether or not the father actually was in the database. That’s not very helpful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greely said the government’s efforts to collect DNA are a waste of money because, in his opinion, it’s unlikely the current administration will allow many of the detainees into the country so the likelihood they’ll commit crimes here is also limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there is no good reason to collect personal data, including DNA data, and it isn’t being done voluntarily, then it’s unethical: some risk for no gain is not ethical,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is not the first time DNA collection efforts have alarmed civil rights advocates. California and other states already collect samples from anyone \u003cem>arrested\u003c/em> for a felony offense. That has helped to solve crimes, but the practice is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.governing.com/topics/public-justice-safety/tns-california-dna-supreme-court.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">controversial\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Possible Wrongful Convictions\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scientists fear the program could put the wrong people behind bars because DNA is not foolproof. Someone’s DNA could end up at a crime scene they’ve never visited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We pick it [DNA] up and we do transfer it,” said Greg Hampikian, a forensic geneticist at Boise State University. “It’s in the hair we leave behind. It’s on our clothing, cups and utensils.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">DNA can pass between people at a public laundromat, on a toilet seat or even in a bag of donated clothes, and it can last for decades. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“DNA is really excellent at identifying people,” Hampikian said. “It is really poor at telling us how it got there.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The infamous Amanda Knox trial is an example of how DNA can snare innocent people. In 2007 in Perugia, Italy the 20-year-old American college student was accused of stabbing her UK housemate to death. Some of Knox’s DNA was found on the handle of a kitchen knife. A speck of the victim’s DNA was on the blade. Knox spent four years in prison before an appeals court released her, only to be found guilty again. Finally in 2015, after Italian DNA experts reviewed the case Knox was pronounced not guilty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most Americans find DNA evidence strongly persuasive. A 2015 \u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/1603/crime.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gallup poll\u003c/a> showed that 85 percent of Americans consider DNA evidence to be very or completely convincing. Once a DNA sample is entered into a trial as evidence it is very difficult to convince a jury the accused is innocent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Future Implications\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Charleen Adams, a geneticist at City of Hope National Medical Center in Duarte, Calif., \u003c/span>worries the program sets people up to distrust researchers. She\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>noted that people who are forced to relinquish their genetic information at the border may later refuse to volunteer for studies that could directly benefit them, like research on breast cancer in Latinas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I feel appalled that that this would slip through without discussion because it is dangerous,” Adams said. “It casts Latinos as would-be criminals. The racial profiling of this program is unconscionable.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cybersecurity, she added, is never guaranteed. If the data were to be hacked, they could be used to deny a person employment. Adams also worries about sampling errors at the border, or lab mix-ups that could lead to false negatives or false positives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration has launched a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/10/22/2019-22877/dna-sample-collection-from-immigration-detainees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pilot program\u003c/a> to collect DNA samples from migrants in two locations with plans to expand nationwide. The data is sent to the FBI and entered into a criminal database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/privacy-pia-dhs080-detaineedna-january2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">memo\u003c/a> from the federal Department of Homeland Security says, “prompt DNA-sample collection could be essential to the detection and solution of crimes [aliens] may have committed or may commit in the United States.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Trump administration also argues collecting DNA will stop migrant adults from smuggling children across the border and falsely posing as their parents. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates counter that the program will not reduce criminal activity or help solve crimes because \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/05/02/607652253/studies-say-illegal-immigration-does-not-increase-violent-crime\">multiple studies\u003c/a> show that illegal immigration does not result in more lawlessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The U.S. Border Patrol agents are learning how to collect DNA from a training video provided by the FBI. People who refuse to submit samples could face misdemeanor charges. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Whose DNA is Collected? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Federal agents are collecting cheek swabs from people as young as 14 who are in immigration custody at two U.S. locations: at the Canadian border in and around Detroit, and at the official port of entry in Eagle Pass, Texas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal permanent residents and those planning to enter the country legally will not be required to submit samples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The pilot program began on Jan. 6 and will continue for 90 days. The government plans to expand the program nationwide. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At present, more than 40,000 people are in medium or long term detention. About a million people circulate through immigration custody each year. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">People land in detention for a variety of reasons: crossing the border illegally, seeking asylum, work site raids, or overstaying a visa. Most \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">detainees have \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/583/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">no criminal record\u003c/a>. However, migrants’ DNA\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> samples are registered and held in perpetuity in the FBI criminal database, the Combined Index Data System (CODIS). Historically, that archive has housed genetic information from people who have been arrested, charged or convicted in relation to serious crimes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Privacy Concerns\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Civil rights advocates worry the expanded genetic testing compromises the privacy of people in detention and their families. Some scientists fear the information could wrongfully target a vulnerable population and lead to false criminal convictions.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vera Eidelman, a staff lawyer with the American Civil Liberties Union’s Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project, calls the program population surveillance. She said the government could use the genetic information to locate family members or even deny people health insurance because DNA is much more powerful than a fingerprint. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It does not simply identify me as Vera,” Eidelman said. “It also says Vera is related to x, y and z other people. By the way, she also has the BRCA gene or other propensities for medical conditions. It is not simply about identity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Hank Greely, a bioethicist at Stanford University, worries less than Eidelman about these potential uses. Although it is not explicitly clear what genetic information the government will catalog, experts assume it’s the 20 markers that make up the typical DNA profile in the FBI database. This is not a detailed analysis. It’s much less information than a 23andMe or Ancestry.com test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you had a kid at the border and wanted to know whether its father was in the CODIS database,” Greely said in an email, “you would likely get hundreds of hits, whether or not the father actually was in the database. That’s not very helpful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greely said the government’s efforts to collect DNA are a waste of money because, in his opinion, it’s unlikely the current administration will allow many of the detainees into the country so the likelihood they’ll commit crimes here is also limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there is no good reason to collect personal data, including DNA data, and it isn’t being done voluntarily, then it’s unethical: some risk for no gain is not ethical,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is not the first time DNA collection efforts have alarmed civil rights advocates. California and other states already collect samples from anyone \u003cem>arrested\u003c/em> for a felony offense. That has helped to solve crimes, but the practice is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.governing.com/topics/public-justice-safety/tns-california-dna-supreme-court.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">controversial\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Possible Wrongful Convictions\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scientists fear the program could put the wrong people behind bars because DNA is not foolproof. Someone’s DNA could end up at a crime scene they’ve never visited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We pick it [DNA] up and we do transfer it,” said Greg Hampikian, a forensic geneticist at Boise State University. “It’s in the hair we leave behind. It’s on our clothing, cups and utensils.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">DNA can pass between people at a public laundromat, on a toilet seat or even in a bag of donated clothes, and it can last for decades. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“DNA is really excellent at identifying people,” Hampikian said. “It is really poor at telling us how it got there.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The infamous Amanda Knox trial is an example of how DNA can snare innocent people. In 2007 in Perugia, Italy the 20-year-old American college student was accused of stabbing her UK housemate to death. Some of Knox’s DNA was found on the handle of a kitchen knife. A speck of the victim’s DNA was on the blade. Knox spent four years in prison before an appeals court released her, only to be found guilty again. Finally in 2015, after Italian DNA experts reviewed the case Knox was pronounced not guilty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most Americans find DNA evidence strongly persuasive. A 2015 \u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/1603/crime.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gallup poll\u003c/a> showed that 85 percent of Americans consider DNA evidence to be very or completely convincing. Once a DNA sample is entered into a trial as evidence it is very difficult to convince a jury the accused is innocent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Future Implications\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Charleen Adams, a geneticist at City of Hope National Medical Center in Duarte, Calif., \u003c/span>worries the program sets people up to distrust researchers. She\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>noted that people who are forced to relinquish their genetic information at the border may later refuse to volunteer for studies that could directly benefit them, like research on breast cancer in Latinas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I feel appalled that that this would slip through without discussion because it is dangerous,” Adams said. “It casts Latinos as would-be criminals. The racial profiling of this program is unconscionable.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cybersecurity, she added, is never guaranteed. If the data were to be hacked, they could be used to deny a person employment. Adams also worries about sampling errors at the border, or lab mix-ups that could lead to false negatives or false positives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Army Sergeant Jonathan Lubecky returned to the U.S. from Iraq more than a decade ago, simple activities, like family trips to theme parks or the county fair, overwhelmed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recalls “panic attacks, intrusive thoughts. I’d get auditory and olfactory flashbacks.” Along with an “intense fear that bad things were about to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’d spent some of his deployment at a base in Iraq that caught mortar fire thousands of times, he says. One mortar even landed next to a porta-potty while he was inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After his return home, doctors diagnosed him with a traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lubecky could not find mental and emotional relief. He tried all kinds of treatment: talk therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and multiple medications. None of them worked. Suicidal thoughts plagued him for eight years. He says he tried to kill himself five times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out of options, he enrolled in a clinical trial that used psychedelic-assisted therapy. The drug was MDMA — also known as Ecstasy or Molly. Lubecky says it worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I literally went from being in a VA facility inpatient [program] to being Senator Rand Paul’s national veterans director in his presidential campaign in two years because of this therapy,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956707\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1956707 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41243_alt_983-e1581109029589-800x636.jpg\" alt=\"Jonathan Lubecky and stepson Joey Monteleone in Washington, D.C. before visiting the White House in 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"636\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41243_alt_983-e1581109029589-800x636.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41243_alt_983-e1581109029589-160x127.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41243_alt_983-e1581109029589-768x610.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41243_alt_983-e1581109029589-1020x810.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41243_alt_983-e1581109029589-1920x1525.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jonathan Lubecky and stepson Joey Monteleone in Washington, D.C. before visiting the White House in 2019. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jonathan Lubecky)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Until recently, only participants in clinical trials could qualify for MDMA-assisted therapy. Now the federal Food and Drug Administration has granted researchers what it calls “expanded access.” That means people who can’t find relief other ways — who are “treatment-resistant” — can get this therapy before the FDA approves it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rick Doblin established and runs the \u003ca href=\"https://maps.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Multidisciplinary Associations for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS)\u003c/a>, the nonprofit conducting the MDMA-assisted therapy trials in the U.S., Canada, and Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doblin said the FDA’s move is “a sign that we’re getting over ‘the psychedelic 60s’ — that the FDA is really more science over politics now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The FDA is recognizing that there’s a humanitarian crisis with many, many millions of people that have treatment-resistant PTSD,” Doblin says. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs estimates that \u003ca href=\"https://www.ptsd.va.gov/understand/common/common_adults.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">8 million adults have PTSD\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That disorder results from combat, Doblin says, but also from sexual assault and other trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those treated with MDMA, \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00213-019-05249-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">54% no longer had PTSD symptoms\u003c/a> after therapy. Researchers found that number increased to 68% a year after treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal Controlled Substances Act classifies MDMA as an illegal Schedule 1 drug. While the FDA is expanding access to just 50 people beyond the clinical trial, Doblin and his team hope to increase that number, and to see the FDA approve the treatment by 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lubecky, the Army veteran, now works for MAPS as its Veterans and Governmental Affairs Liaison. He says making this treatment available to even a small number of people could mean the difference between life and death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The MDMA-assisted therapy,” he says, “is the reason that my stepson Joey has a father instead of a folded flag.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"order": 9
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
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"marketplace": {
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"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
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"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
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"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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