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"content": "\u003cp>As California's education leaders continue to grapple with unprecedented disruptions caused by the coronavirus pandemic, they're announcing significant developments this week: a temporary overhaul of state university admissions rules, a major labor agreement between teachers and administrators and a hefty investment in distance learning from Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to level the playing field for high school students affected by the coronavirus pandemic, University of California and California State University decided late Tuesday night to loosen undergraduate admissions requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students hoping to attend UCs and CSUs won’t have to meet minimum grade requirements for core classes affected by the crisis, and they won’t be penalized for missing the deadline to hand over transcripts. UC has also suspended the SAT/ACT requirement for those applying for fall of 2021, and CSU is considering a similar move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad full width]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling the COVID-19 crisis “a disaster of historic proportions disrupting every aspect of our lives,” UC President Janet Napolitano said the admissions changes will ensure students vying for a spot at UC get a \"full and fair shot – no matter their current challenges.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the pandemic hit, high schoolers were dismissed from classroom learning, standardized tests \u003ca href=\"https://pages.collegeboard.org/sat-covid-19-updates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">were canceled\u003c/a> and some schools switched to pass/no pass grading. All those changes have been worrying students preparing for college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to help alleviate the tremendous disruption and anxiety that is already overwhelming prospective students due to COVID-19,” UC Board of Regents Chair John A. Pérez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More Coverage\" tag=\"coronavirus\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seniors already have acceptance or rejection letters from UC and CSU in hand, but typically acceptance can be rescinded if students’ spring semester grades drop dramatically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Oakland senior Malia Johnson, who attends Fremont High School, the changes are welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s relieving that they’ll accept a pass/no pass, so I don’t have to worry about that,” she said. “And they’ll just accept the GPA that I have.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, she’s concerned about some of her friends who had viewed their senior year as a way to boost up their GPA and make up credits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson was accepted to Cal Poly San Luis Obispo and is getting ready to start there this fall. She says given how overwhelmed high school administrators are right now, she’s been anxious about getting a hold of her final transcripts. The new flexibility from CSU is a relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It allows me to give my school a break because I would have bothered them for a transcript,” she says. “So now I can relax and let them figure out how they’re going to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revised requirements impact more than 550,000 students who apply to \u003ca href=\"https://www2.calstate.edu/data-center/institutional-research-analyses/Documents/factsheets.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CSUs\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucop.edu/institutional-research-academic-planning/_files/factsheets/2020/fall-2020-information-summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UCs\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/response-covid-19.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UC changes\u003c/a> include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Suspending the letter grade requirement for A-G courses completed in winter/spring/summer 2020 for all students, including those already admitted to UC as freshmen.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Suspending the standardized test requirement for students applying for fall 2021 freshman admission.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>No rollback of admissions offers resulting from students or schools missing official final transcript deadlines\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>For transfer students, a temporary lift of the cap on the number of transferable units with “pass/no pass” grading applied toward the minimum 60 semester/90 quarter units required for junior standing.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>See a full list of CSU changes \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6823766-CSU-Undergraduate-Admissions-COVID-19-Impacts.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Google provides free Wi-Fi for students\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google has agreed to tackle the problem of some students lacking internet connectivity as a barrier to digital distance learning by providing free Wi-Fi to 100,000 rural households across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Close to 20% of California students lacked digital connectivity at home before the pandemic hit. 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Gavin Newsom touted the hot spots as high-quality internet that will help close the gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a tweet, Google CEO Sundar Pichai said the company wants to help make distance learning \"more accessible.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/sundarpichai/status/1245436573946019840?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pay for teachers, classified employees during remote learning\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While teachers across the state had been assured they would continue to be paid while working from home during the distance learning experiments being put in place, some schools districts' classified employees were not clear on whether they were getting the same deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Newsom announced a labor agreement, which he called \"a stubborn issue that manifested itself very differently in the thousand-plus school districts throughout the state of California.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Jeff Freitas, president of the California Federation of Teachers, the intent of the agreement is to ensure that classified employees such as custodians, school clerks and substitute teachers also receive pay during the time of remote learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sonoma County, Superintendent of Schools Steven Herrington said the county had continued to pay classified employees in the same way they were paying teachers since the physical shutdown of school sites began, because \"it's only fair.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Weighing in on a charged debate that could influence college admissions across the country, a University of California faculty task force \u003ca href=\"https://senate.universityofcalifornia.edu/_files/underreview/sttf-report.pdf\">recommended\u003c/a> Monday that the university continue requiring applicants to submit SAT or ACT scores, but work to develop its own admissions test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though not the university’s final decision on the subject, the recommendations are a blow to critics who say the tests discriminate against low-income students and underrepresented minorities. And they are a boon to the test administrators, the College Board and ACT Inc., which offered the exams to more than 100,000 students who applied to UC last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The faculty committee’s report \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2019/12/what-if-university-california-drops-sat-test-uc/\">follows months of speculation\u003c/a> about whether UC might make it optional for applicants to submit SAT or ACT scores — as more than 1,000 colleges have done — or replace them with the Smarter Balanced tests that all California 11th-graders take. The task force rejected both options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the faculty group recommended the university keep the test requirement in place while it creates its own exam, a process it estimated could take nine years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the report acknowledges that black, Latino and Native American students are underrepresented on UC campuses, and that some of that gap is due to test scores, it found that other systemic problems — such as lower rates of high school graduation and completion of college-prep courses — are bigger factors. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Task force members said they were surprised to find that test score differences did not explain racial disparities in admission rates. They said UC’s admissions process mitigates the scores’ influence by comparing them to those of other students from the applicant’s school and considering them along with 13 other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new, UC-designed admissions test could “assess a broader array of student learning and capabilities” and “potentially show smaller disparities than current measures along the lines of race, ethnicity, and [socioeconomic status],” the report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"university-of-california\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the five other recommendations the task force issued were expanding a UC program that guarantees admission to the top 9% of graduates from each high school in the state, and studying both university admissions practices and individual SAT and ACT test questions to root out discriminatory impact. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report comes in the wake of two lawsuits filed by the Compton Unified School District, community groups and individual high school students arguing that UC’s use of the tests violates the California Constitution. The nationwide college admissions scandal, in which at least two UC campuses became entangled, has also raised questions about the role economic privilege plays in easing access to the public university.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The University of California faces a crisis of legitimacy around its undergraduate admissions processes,” the task force report reads. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also hinted at dissent among task force members over the recommendations, noting that some thought the university should stop using the tests even before designing a replacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue now goes to UC’s Academic Senate, where faculty will discuss it before submitting a final recommendation in April, to be taken up by the university’s board of regents in May.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>An arbitrator has ordered UC Berkeley to retroactively pay student instructors who had been underpaid for years, a total that could reach several million dollars. The university must also end the practice now, according to a union representing the students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university said Wednesday that it would abide by the arbitrator’s decision issued on Monday, and would work with the union on how to implement it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Kavitha Iyengar, UC Berkeley UAW 2865 president']‘Public education is supposed to be something that everyone can access. And that’s only possible if you have jobs like this to pay for your tuition.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision came more than two years after the UC Berkeley chapter of UAW 2865, the union representing academic student employees at the University of California, filed a complaint alleging that because the instructors weren’t employed at 25% below full time (or 10 hours a week), they didn’t get benefits like free tuition or other fee waivers negotiated under a collective bargaining agreement inked in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the instructors were undergraduates employed at 20% below full time — putting those benefits just out of reach, Kavitha Iyengar, UAW 2865 president, said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really not just about making sure that people can work and attend school. Public education is supposed to be something that everyone can access,” she said. “And that’s only possible if you have jobs like this to pay for your tuition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union said the decision affects hundreds of instructors, most of them undergraduates in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences (EECS) department. But the university said the decision applies only to that department. The university must make retroactive payments to those instructors who didn’t receive the benefits since July 2017, Iyengar said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The university and the EECS faculty believed that appointments should be kept at 20% or less in order not to interfere with student academic performance,” campus spokeswoman Janet Gilmore said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A student instructor hired at 20% full-time employment last fall could receive about $7,500 from UC Berkeley under the decision, the union said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arbitrator has also directed EECS to stop hiring graduate and undergraduate student instructors below 25% full-time employment, Gilmore and Iyengar said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arbitrator’s decision came amid a surge in the hiring of student instructors at below 25% full-time employment since 2015, the union said, citing its analysis of university data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/BerkeleyUAW2865/status/1217162680932323328\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The university thought they could get away with this because they thought they could do this to the undergrads,” Iyengar said, noting that undergraduates were folded into the 25% agreement in 2007. “And they can’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Iyengar also said the union has seen this problem emerge on a smaller scale on other UC campuses, like in Irvine and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The kind of precedent that this sets is a statewide matter,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>The housing affordability crisis is continuing to spark strikes at UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz County’s largest employer. On Thursday, about 200 people rallied on the UCSC campus to support graduate students and university workers who are striking for higher wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Tony Boardman, a PhD student in literature and a teaching assistant at UC Santa Cruz\"]‘I thought the university would take care of me. That’s not how it turned out.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tony Boardman is a Ph.D. student in literature and a teaching assistant (TA) at UC Santa Cruz. But he said the pay isn’t enough to live on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s an international student from the United Kingdom and said people warned him about the high cost of living in Santa Cruz. “But I thought there would be a way. I thought the university would take care of me. And that’s not how it turned out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.apartmentlist.com/rentonomics/cost-burden-2019/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study by Apartment List\u003c/a> found nearly 60% of people living in Santa Cruz are cost-burdened, meaning they spend more than 30% of their paycheck on rent. That’s a higher rate than in San Francisco and in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“UCSC needs to pay its workers a living wage. And there’s a ton of workers on campus who need this and who aren’t getting the deal that they need,” Boardman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/bayareabrrn/status/1215366397028519936\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TAs across the UC system are all paid the same rate, regardless of their community’s cost of living. They make roughly $2,400 a month before taxes. Their 20-hour workweek includes instructing labs, holding office hours and grading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 9, just before finals week of the fall quarter, hundreds of UC Santa Cruz graduate students went on strike — a grading strike. They decided not to submit grades for undergraduate courses until the university provides a $1,400 cost of living adjustment for all graduate students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This isn’t like holding the grades hostage or something like that. It’s saying that we can’t do the labor that we’re expected to do if the university won’t pay us the money that we need to live and work here,” said Boardman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795359\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1069-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Tony Boardman, a PhD student in literature, speaks with Veronica Hamilton, a PhD student in psychology. Both are TAs at UCSC.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795359\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tony Boardman, a PhD student in literature, speaks with Veronica Hamilton, a PhD student in psychology. Both are TAs at UCSC. \u003ccite>(Erika Mahoney/KAZU)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly 9,000 undergraduate students were impacted, according to Boardman. As the new quarter gets underway, TAs have reached out to students and submitted grades for those who urgently need them. According to the university, about 80% of all grades are in, but that includes grades not handled by TAs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undergraduate student Sara Valenzuela was still missing one grade during the first week back at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, it’s been very, I don’t want to say stressful but at the same time a little. Just because over the winter break, it’s kind of like nerve wracking not knowing what you got for the class and you know how that builds anxiety,” Valenzuela said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\" Veronica Hamilton, UC Santa Cruz teaching assistant and unit chair for UAW 2865\"]‘People can’t pay their rent now. People are dropping out of their graduate programs now. And it is too long to wait until the next contract campaign.’[/pullquote]The union that represents over 19,000 student employees at UC schools hasn’t authorized the action, making it a wildcat strike. The union, UAW 2865, is currently under a four-year contract. The agreement, which took effect in 2018, includes a wage increase of 3% each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Veronica Hamilton, the Santa Cruz unit chair for UAW 2865 and a UC Santa Cruz TA, said graduate students were never satisfied with the agreement and can’t wait two more years for further negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People can’t pay their rent now. People are dropping out of their graduate programs now. And it is too long to wait until the next contract campaign,” Hamilton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Cruz Spokesperson Scott Hernandez-Jason said the administration is willing to meet with students if they call off the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So this strike goes against their contract and the very nature of it makes it impossible for us to sit down and discuss ways to support them as employees,” Hernandez-Jason said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes the long-term solution is more housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The high cost of housing is something that impacts everyone in our campus community, the Santa Cruz community and really the large swaths of California,” Hernandez-Jason said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not only graduate students who feel they deserve more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, UC Santa Cruz skilled craft workers, who the university said make roughly between $80,000 and $100,000 a year, also began an open-ended strike over pay and staffing. These workers, including electricians, carpenters and plumbers, have been without a contract for a couple of years. They’re part of the union AFSCME Local 3299.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Some skilled craft workers at UCSC are also on strike. They're calling for more pay and more staffing.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some skilled craft workers at UCSC are also on strike. They’re calling for more pay and more staffing. \u003ccite>(Erika Mahoney/KAZU)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Joe Baxter, an electrician, gathered with about a dozen other workers in front of the entrance to UC Santa Cruz. He’s been with the school for 15 years and lives in a mobile home with his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re striking because we’re understaffed and we’re trying to get more staffing. They don’t replace people who retire,” Baxter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solidarity rallies in support of the graduate students have also taken place at UC Davis, UC Berkeley and UC Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "UC Santa Cruz Workers Join Striking Grad Students, Rally for Higher Pay | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The housing affordability crisis is continuing to spark strikes at UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz County’s largest employer. On Thursday, about 200 people rallied on the UCSC campus to support graduate students and university workers who are striking for higher wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tony Boardman is a Ph.D. student in literature and a teaching assistant (TA) at UC Santa Cruz. But he said the pay isn’t enough to live on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s an international student from the United Kingdom and said people warned him about the high cost of living in Santa Cruz. “But I thought there would be a way. I thought the university would take care of me. And that’s not how it turned out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.apartmentlist.com/rentonomics/cost-burden-2019/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study by Apartment List\u003c/a> found nearly 60% of people living in Santa Cruz are cost-burdened, meaning they spend more than 30% of their paycheck on rent. That’s a higher rate than in San Francisco and in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“UCSC needs to pay its workers a living wage. And there’s a ton of workers on campus who need this and who aren’t getting the deal that they need,” Boardman said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>TAs across the UC system are all paid the same rate, regardless of their community’s cost of living. They make roughly $2,400 a month before taxes. Their 20-hour workweek includes instructing labs, holding office hours and grading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 9, just before finals week of the fall quarter, hundreds of UC Santa Cruz graduate students went on strike — a grading strike. They decided not to submit grades for undergraduate courses until the university provides a $1,400 cost of living adjustment for all graduate students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This isn’t like holding the grades hostage or something like that. It’s saying that we can’t do the labor that we’re expected to do if the university won’t pay us the money that we need to live and work here,” said Boardman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795359\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1069-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Tony Boardman, a PhD student in literature, speaks with Veronica Hamilton, a PhD student in psychology. Both are TAs at UCSC.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795359\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tony Boardman, a PhD student in literature, speaks with Veronica Hamilton, a PhD student in psychology. Both are TAs at UCSC. \u003ccite>(Erika Mahoney/KAZU)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly 9,000 undergraduate students were impacted, according to Boardman. As the new quarter gets underway, TAs have reached out to students and submitted grades for those who urgently need them. According to the university, about 80% of all grades are in, but that includes grades not handled by TAs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undergraduate student Sara Valenzuela was still missing one grade during the first week back at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, it’s been very, I don’t want to say stressful but at the same time a little. Just because over the winter break, it’s kind of like nerve wracking not knowing what you got for the class and you know how that builds anxiety,” Valenzuela said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The union that represents over 19,000 student employees at UC schools hasn’t authorized the action, making it a wildcat strike. The union, UAW 2865, is currently under a four-year contract. The agreement, which took effect in 2018, includes a wage increase of 3% each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Veronica Hamilton, the Santa Cruz unit chair for UAW 2865 and a UC Santa Cruz TA, said graduate students were never satisfied with the agreement and can’t wait two more years for further negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People can’t pay their rent now. People are dropping out of their graduate programs now. And it is too long to wait until the next contract campaign,” Hamilton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Cruz Spokesperson Scott Hernandez-Jason said the administration is willing to meet with students if they call off the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So this strike goes against their contract and the very nature of it makes it impossible for us to sit down and discuss ways to support them as employees,” Hernandez-Jason said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes the long-term solution is more housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The high cost of housing is something that impacts everyone in our campus community, the Santa Cruz community and really the large swaths of California,” Hernandez-Jason said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not only graduate students who feel they deserve more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, UC Santa Cruz skilled craft workers, who the university said make roughly between $80,000 and $100,000 a year, also began an open-ended strike over pay and staffing. These workers, including electricians, carpenters and plumbers, have been without a contract for a couple of years. They’re part of the union AFSCME Local 3299.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Some skilled craft workers at UCSC are also on strike. They're calling for more pay and more staffing.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_1075_1_1920x-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some skilled craft workers at UCSC are also on strike. They’re calling for more pay and more staffing. \u003ccite>(Erika Mahoney/KAZU)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Joe Baxter, an electrician, gathered with about a dozen other workers in front of the entrance to UC Santa Cruz. He’s been with the school for 15 years and lives in a mobile home with his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re striking because we’re understaffed and we’re trying to get more staffing. They don’t replace people who retire,” Baxter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solidarity rallies in support of the graduate students have also taken place at UC Davis, UC Berkeley and UC Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Lawsuit Claims SAT and ACT Are Illegal to Require for UC Admissions",
"title": "Lawsuit Claims SAT and ACT Are Illegal to Require for UC Admissions",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Fatima Martinez knows there's a lot riding on her SAT score.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My future is at stake,\" says the Los Angeles high school senior. \"The score I will receive will determine which UC schools I get into.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that may not always be the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit expected to be filed Tuesday is challenging the University of California system's use of the SAT or ACT as a requirement for admission. A draft of the document obtained by NPR argues that the tests — long used to measure aptitude for college — are deeply biased and provide no meaningful information about a student's ability to succeed, and therefore their requirement is unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The evidence that we're basing the lawsuit on is not in dispute,\" says attorney Mark Rosenbaum of the pro bono firm Public Counsel. \"What the SAT and ACT are doing are exacerbating inequities in the public school system and keeping out deserving students every admissions cycle.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public Counsel is filing the suit in Alameda County Superior Court on behalf of students and a collection of advocacy groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Bob Schaeffer, director of the National Center for Fair and Open Testing\"]’If University of California can go test-optional, pretty much any school could.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California system has long debated dropping the tests, and some university leaders have expressed their support. At an event in November, Carol Christ, the chancellor of UC Berkeley, said, \"I'm very much in favor of doing away with the SAT or ACT as a requirement for application to the University of California.\" UC Berkeley was quick to clarify that comment didn't signal a policy change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC spokeswoman Claire Doan couldn't comment on the lawsuit because it hadn't been filed yet. She says a special faculty task force is currently investigating the use of standardized testing in admissions, and the university system is \"waiting for the assessment and recommendations from the ... Task Force before determining whether any steps should be taken on this important issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university has been evaluating the requirement through a policy lens, but the lawsuit argues it's a legal issue: \"This policy illegally discriminates against applicants on the basis of race and wealth, and thereby denies them equal protection under the California Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California serves more than 250,000 students and is one of the largest school systems in the country. About 50 years ago, the system adopted the SAT as a way to weed out applicants — a decision that helped elevate the test to a national standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But research has since shown that SAT scores are \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2014/03/05/these-four-charts-show-how-the-sat-favors-the-rich-educated-families/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">strongly linked to family income\u003c/a>, and a student's high school academic record, regardless of what school they attended, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/02/18/277059528/college-applicants-sweat-the-sats-perhaps-they-shouldn-t\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">does a far better job of predicting college success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3HUaI2ofyo8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The College Board, the organization behind the SAT, says grades and test scores function together, providing \"more insight into a student's potential to succeed than either measure alone.\" Research conducted by the College Board \u003ca href=\"https://collegereadiness.collegeboard.org/pdf/national-sat-validity-study.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">maintains \u003c/a>that SAT scores are predictive of success in college. The ACT says its test is not biased. In a statement, it tells NPR, \"Blaming standardized tests for differences in educational quality and opportunities that exist will not improve educational outcomes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11788327,mindshift_54054,mindshift_51137\" label=\"Standardized Testing\"]Nonetheless, more and more schools are turning to test-optional admissions policies. In 2019, nearly 50 schools \u003ca href=\"https://www.fairtest.org/2019-best-year-ever-testoptional-higher-ed-admissi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dropped \u003c/a>the standardized tests from admissions requirements, according to the National Center for Fair and Open Testing, an advocacy group that has long been critical of standardized testing. Those schools joined a pool of about 1,000 colleges across the country. One of those colleges, the University of Chicago, \u003ca href=\"https://news.uchicago.edu/story/uchicago-empower-meeting-goal-removing-barriers-college-access\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">claims \u003c/a>the decision to go test-optional — along with increased financial aid — has led to an increase of first-generation and low-income students on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the University of California were to go ahead and drop the testing requirements, it would have profound and widespread effects in the college admissions arena,\" says Bob Schaeffer, director of the National Center for Fair and Open Testing. \"If University of California can go test-optional, pretty much any school could.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, attorney Mark Rosenbaum acknowledges that optional testing won't completely solve the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There probably is no playing field less level than the journey to go to college and higher education — and the SATs are a part of that,\" Rosenbaum says. \"But they're not the whole story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hopes the lawsuit will fuel a larger conversation around college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Lawsuit+Claims+SAT+And+ACT+Are+Illegal+In+California+Admissions&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Students and advocacy groups want the University of California system to drop the test requirement. They argue the policy 'illegally discriminates against applicants on the basis of race and wealth.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fatima Martinez knows there's a lot riding on her SAT score.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My future is at stake,\" says the Los Angeles high school senior. \"The score I will receive will determine which UC schools I get into.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that may not always be the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit expected to be filed Tuesday is challenging the University of California system's use of the SAT or ACT as a requirement for admission. A draft of the document obtained by NPR argues that the tests — long used to measure aptitude for college — are deeply biased and provide no meaningful information about a student's ability to succeed, and therefore their requirement is unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The evidence that we're basing the lawsuit on is not in dispute,\" says attorney Mark Rosenbaum of the pro bono firm Public Counsel. \"What the SAT and ACT are doing are exacerbating inequities in the public school system and keeping out deserving students every admissions cycle.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public Counsel is filing the suit in Alameda County Superior Court on behalf of students and a collection of advocacy groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "’If University of California can go test-optional, pretty much any school could.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California system has long debated dropping the tests, and some university leaders have expressed their support. At an event in November, Carol Christ, the chancellor of UC Berkeley, said, \"I'm very much in favor of doing away with the SAT or ACT as a requirement for application to the University of California.\" UC Berkeley was quick to clarify that comment didn't signal a policy change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC spokeswoman Claire Doan couldn't comment on the lawsuit because it hadn't been filed yet. She says a special faculty task force is currently investigating the use of standardized testing in admissions, and the university system is \"waiting for the assessment and recommendations from the ... Task Force before determining whether any steps should be taken on this important issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university has been evaluating the requirement through a policy lens, but the lawsuit argues it's a legal issue: \"This policy illegally discriminates against applicants on the basis of race and wealth, and thereby denies them equal protection under the California Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California serves more than 250,000 students and is one of the largest school systems in the country. About 50 years ago, the system adopted the SAT as a way to weed out applicants — a decision that helped elevate the test to a national standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But research has since shown that SAT scores are \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2014/03/05/these-four-charts-show-how-the-sat-favors-the-rich-educated-families/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">strongly linked to family income\u003c/a>, and a student's high school academic record, regardless of what school they attended, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/02/18/277059528/college-applicants-sweat-the-sats-perhaps-they-shouldn-t\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">does a far better job of predicting college success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/3HUaI2ofyo8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/3HUaI2ofyo8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The College Board, the organization behind the SAT, says grades and test scores function together, providing \"more insight into a student's potential to succeed than either measure alone.\" Research conducted by the College Board \u003ca href=\"https://collegereadiness.collegeboard.org/pdf/national-sat-validity-study.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">maintains \u003c/a>that SAT scores are predictive of success in college. The ACT says its test is not biased. In a statement, it tells NPR, \"Blaming standardized tests for differences in educational quality and opportunities that exist will not improve educational outcomes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Nonetheless, more and more schools are turning to test-optional admissions policies. In 2019, nearly 50 schools \u003ca href=\"https://www.fairtest.org/2019-best-year-ever-testoptional-higher-ed-admissi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dropped \u003c/a>the standardized tests from admissions requirements, according to the National Center for Fair and Open Testing, an advocacy group that has long been critical of standardized testing. Those schools joined a pool of about 1,000 colleges across the country. One of those colleges, the University of Chicago, \u003ca href=\"https://news.uchicago.edu/story/uchicago-empower-meeting-goal-removing-barriers-college-access\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">claims \u003c/a>the decision to go test-optional — along with increased financial aid — has led to an increase of first-generation and low-income students on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the University of California were to go ahead and drop the testing requirements, it would have profound and widespread effects in the college admissions arena,\" says Bob Schaeffer, director of the National Center for Fair and Open Testing. \"If University of California can go test-optional, pretty much any school could.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, attorney Mark Rosenbaum acknowledges that optional testing won't completely solve the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There probably is no playing field less level than the journey to go to college and higher education — and the SATs are a part of that,\" Rosenbaum says. \"But they're not the whole story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hopes the lawsuit will fuel a larger conversation around college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Lawsuit+Claims+SAT+And+ACT+Are+Illegal+In+California+Admissions&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "med-school-free-rides-and-loan-repayments-california-tries-to-boost-its-dwindling-doctor-supply",
"title": "Med School Free Rides and Loan Repayments — California Tries to Boost Its Dwindling Doctor Supply",
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"headTitle": "Med School Free Rides and Loan Repayments — California Tries to Boost Its Dwindling Doctor Supply | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Primary care doctors are a hot commodity across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students are being lured by full-ride scholarships to medical schools. New grads are specifically recruited for training residencies. And full-fledged doctors are being offered loan repayment programs to serve low-income residents or work in underserved areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These efforts are intended to ease or stave off the physician shortage expected to peak within the next decade in California. By 2030, the state will be short some 4,000 physicians, according to a study from the HealthForce Center at UC San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shortage is already acute in rural and inner city areas, especially in the Inland Empire of Southern California where the number of physicians needs to double just to reach the recommended amount to serve the fast-growing population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Inland Empire region has one of the lowest ratios of physicians, including primary care physicians, and that creates a number of challenges,” said Dr. Geoffrey Leung, ambulatory medical director for the Riverside University Health System. “ When we have delays in care, that can result in sort of chronic illnesses or acute illnesses that become worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With high student loans, medical school grads have been turning to better-paying specialties instead of primary care, such as family practice, pediatrics or obstetrics, leaving some areas in dire need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In California in particular, what’s unique is that the total number of physicians isn’t as big of a problem as where they are located,” said Mark Henderson, professor of internal medicine and associate dean of admissions at the UC Davis School of Medicine. “It’s really a maldistribution problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health insurers, medical professionals and community leaders are working on solutions. This summer, the state offered 250-plus doctors loan repayment plans in exchange for ensuring 30% of their caseloads were Medi-Cal patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, insurer LA Care is spending millions on recruiting new doctors and, in South Los Angeles, the Martin Luther King Jr. Community Hospital is working to create a new residency program. In the Inland Empire, leaders are working to create a “middle school to medical school” pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because doctors tend to practice near where they trained, where they are from or where they have a family connection, resources are being poured into the expansion or creation of training programs that are situated where the need is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11789007\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11789007\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/PHYSICIAN-SHORTAGE-SOLUTION-photo-3-800x594.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"594\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Moazzum Bajwa completed his residency with Riverside County’s University Health System and stayed on as a full-fledged physician and faculty member of the residency. \u003ccite>(Elizabeth Aguilera/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Most Impacted Region In The State: The Inland Empire\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Inland Empire officials have been working on this for quite some time. A statewide report from The Future Health Workforce Commission released this year found the number of physicians is 35 per 100,000 people, compared to the recommended 70 doctors, making it the most impacted region in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of that need the state approved a new University of California medical school that opened in 2013 at UC Riverside specifically to train doctors to serve the local area. It offers scholarships to students who promise to return after residency to practice in the area and reaches out to kids interested in health careers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county and medical school have partnered to expand long-standing residency programs by inviting more students to train in the area. And both institutions recruit with an eye toward geographic nativity, meaning if an applicant is from or has a connection to the area they get priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For cancer survivor Cesilia Jimenez these efforts by the county are paying off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently Jimenez received the results of her latest scans at the Moreno Valley Community Health Center from Dr. Moazzum Bajwa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She had been putting it off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been so nervous to hear those results, I knew I wanted to hear them from you,” she told Bajwa after he assured her that everything on the scans looked good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was Bajwa, who was a resident at the time, who diagnosed a cancerous tumor in her neck and got her treatment for it after she had sought answers for years as to why she was losing her ability to walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11789006\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11789006\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/PHYSICIAN-SHORTAGE-SOLUTION-photo-2-800x567.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"567\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Moazzum Bajwa and patient Cesilia Jimenez hug after her recent appointment. Jimenez said he’s a godsend and that without him she might still be trying to figure out what was wrong. \u003ccite>(Elizabeth Aguilera/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, he is an attending physician and teaching residents through Riverside University Health System and the UCR medical school. Bajwa is considered a success story in Riverside County’s efforts to grow, recruit and retain primary care doctors in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far the county is seeing success, Leung said. About four out of 10 residents stay in the Inland Empire after their training and eight to nine stay in Southern California. While those numbers are not that different from other programs across the state, opening the medical school and expanding training slots have kept doctors in the area.\u003cbr>\nDr. Takesha Cooper is on the admissions committee at the medical school, where priority is given to applicants who have a permanent or active mailing address in the area or went to college or attended high school in the Inland Empire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do a holistic review and don’t just look at test scores,” she said. “We call it mission fits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper defines it as applicants with connections to the area and who believe in the school’s mission to help the medically underserved region and train a diverse workforce of physicians. “We have to focus and attract and try to keep people who are growing up in this area, who have ties and are more likely to stay,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the medical school is seeing early success. Of its 128 graduates, about 31% are training as residents in the Inland Empire.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“I Needed To Serve This Population”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Cooper is the kind of local student the school hopes to capture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grew up in Moreno Valley long before the medical school opened. She went away for college, completed medical school at the University of Southern California and moved to the Bay Area for her residency and a fellowship in child and adolescent psychiatry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, as statistics bear out, she set up her practice in Palo Alto, near Stanford where she finished her training.\u003cbr>\n“I did that for five years but I started to feel like I’m not really needed here,” she said. “My heart told me I needed to serve this population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she came back to Riverside to practice and then she joined the faculty at UCR and has since helped start a residency in general adult psychiatry and a fellowship in child psychiatry as a way to train and keep much-needed mental health professionals in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If our residents had to go to UCLA or UC San Diego or Irvine, chances are they would have stayed in that area and practiced,” she said. “It’s what I did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the same strategy the county uses in recruiting medical school graduates like Bajwa to its residency programs, said Dr. Adolfo Aguilera, associate director of the University Health System residency program, who also stayed on after he trained in Riverside more than two decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When somebody has a connection to the area, you know, they are invested in what they’re going to be doing,” he said. “If they’re here to stay, they’re going to want to make sure that they are providing the best care that they can, that they are essentially trying to build the program so that we’re able to outreach to our community and serve their needs”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bajwa is from the East Coast but the program’s goals matched his when he interviewed and Riverside was his first choice. He also had another reason for coming and staying: His wife is from Riverside and she’s also a physician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The connection with my wife is what brought me out here first,” he said. “But it was the community and identity of building something bigger than myself that I fell in love with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what Leung, Aguilera and others in Riverside hope will happen with many of the students and residents they recruit. And they are not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11789008\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11789008\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/PHYSICIAN-SHORTAGE-SOLUTION-photo-4-800x566.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"566\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Adolfo Aguilera is associate director of the Riverside County University Health System and University of California School of Medicine residency program and physician in charge at the Moreno Valley Community Health Center. s \u003ccite>(Elizabeth Aguilera/CalMatter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Recruiting Physicians Where They Are Needed\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This kind of thinking is happening across the state in areas lacking physicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Northern California, UC Davis has partnered with the Oregon Health and Science University in Portland and created a program called COMPADRE, or California Oregon Medical Partnership to Address Disparities in Rural Education. It focuses on the area between Davis and Portland to recruit kids to medical school and to provide a program that allows them to train where they are from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll modify their curriculum to allow them to remain in their home community for a large part of their training to keep them connected to a community health center in the region,” Henderson said. “If we get physicians who actually grew up or have a connection to these communities they will be less burned out and will have meaningful relationships to the community and the hospital.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In urban South Los Angeles, the MLK Jr. Community Hospital set up its own medical group in 2016 that recruits and hires physicians to practice in the neighborhood and is slated to start a residency training program in 2022, said Elaine Batchlor, CEO of the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The strategy is to recruit doctors who have an interest in working in underserved communities, to offer them a state of the art practice environment with high quality colleagues,” she said. “We offer market compensation and the possibility of having loans forgiven because they are working in a medically underserved area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bringing residency slots to communities is a strategy that costs money. These slots are usually paid for by the Medicare program but the federal government has not created new residency positions in years. So the program at MLK and other new training sites are being funded by the host institutions or insurers like LA Care Health Plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LA Care serves 2 million Medi-Cal patients in Southern California. Last year the insurer committed 5% of its reserves, about $31 million a year for five years, to a program called Elevating the Safety Net, said John Baackes, CEO of the organization. It includes scholarships for medical school students, funding for residency slots, grants to clinics and private practices to recruit primary care doctors into Los Angeles County and loan repayment up to $180,000 for those newly recruited physicians who stay three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re hoping that when their three years is up they will have fallen in love with L.A. and their practice and they’ll stay on with us,” Baackes said. “We’re aimed at the safety net populations, those people who are on Medi-Cal or uninsured, and we think this is the right thing to do is invest in the future of this population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Riverside, the residency program that produced Dr. Bajwa is also partly supported by the county. Riverside County funds 52 positions beyond what the federal government provides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are over our cap, which means every resident that we add on top of that limit are entirely funded through the county,” said Leung, of Riverside University Health System. “Any improvement that we make in the Inland Empire area whether it is in workforce, education or in terms of policy or the way we think about developing neighborhoods, all of those things help make the Inland Empire the sort of area that people want to move to and that help us with recruiting doctors, resident physicians and medical school students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For patients, having access to a doctor over the long term that they know and trust pays off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Dr. Bajwa, Cesilia Jimenez never knew who she was going to see at the clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels good to just come and he knows what we are going to talk about and not me explaining to the doctor what I’ve been through,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she left their appointment Bajwa gave her a hug before she walked out on her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many programs talk about serving the underserved but here the focus that the faculty have on actually taking care of the community and doing outreach in the community is just unparalleled I think,” Bajwa said. “That was something I wanted to be a part of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CalMatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The doctor shortage is already acute in rural and inner city areas, especially in the Inland Empire, where the number of physicians needs to double just to serve the fast-growing population.",
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"title": "Med School Free Rides and Loan Repayments — California Tries to Boost Its Dwindling Doctor Supply | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Primary care doctors are a hot commodity across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students are being lured by full-ride scholarships to medical schools. New grads are specifically recruited for training residencies. And full-fledged doctors are being offered loan repayment programs to serve low-income residents or work in underserved areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These efforts are intended to ease or stave off the physician shortage expected to peak within the next decade in California. By 2030, the state will be short some 4,000 physicians, according to a study from the HealthForce Center at UC San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shortage is already acute in rural and inner city areas, especially in the Inland Empire of Southern California where the number of physicians needs to double just to reach the recommended amount to serve the fast-growing population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Inland Empire region has one of the lowest ratios of physicians, including primary care physicians, and that creates a number of challenges,” said Dr. Geoffrey Leung, ambulatory medical director for the Riverside University Health System. “ When we have delays in care, that can result in sort of chronic illnesses or acute illnesses that become worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With high student loans, medical school grads have been turning to better-paying specialties instead of primary care, such as family practice, pediatrics or obstetrics, leaving some areas in dire need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In California in particular, what’s unique is that the total number of physicians isn’t as big of a problem as where they are located,” said Mark Henderson, professor of internal medicine and associate dean of admissions at the UC Davis School of Medicine. “It’s really a maldistribution problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health insurers, medical professionals and community leaders are working on solutions. This summer, the state offered 250-plus doctors loan repayment plans in exchange for ensuring 30% of their caseloads were Medi-Cal patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, insurer LA Care is spending millions on recruiting new doctors and, in South Los Angeles, the Martin Luther King Jr. Community Hospital is working to create a new residency program. In the Inland Empire, leaders are working to create a “middle school to medical school” pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because doctors tend to practice near where they trained, where they are from or where they have a family connection, resources are being poured into the expansion or creation of training programs that are situated where the need is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11789007\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11789007\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/PHYSICIAN-SHORTAGE-SOLUTION-photo-3-800x594.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"594\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Moazzum Bajwa completed his residency with Riverside County’s University Health System and stayed on as a full-fledged physician and faculty member of the residency. \u003ccite>(Elizabeth Aguilera/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Most Impacted Region In The State: The Inland Empire\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Inland Empire officials have been working on this for quite some time. A statewide report from The Future Health Workforce Commission released this year found the number of physicians is 35 per 100,000 people, compared to the recommended 70 doctors, making it the most impacted region in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of that need the state approved a new University of California medical school that opened in 2013 at UC Riverside specifically to train doctors to serve the local area. It offers scholarships to students who promise to return after residency to practice in the area and reaches out to kids interested in health careers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county and medical school have partnered to expand long-standing residency programs by inviting more students to train in the area. And both institutions recruit with an eye toward geographic nativity, meaning if an applicant is from or has a connection to the area they get priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For cancer survivor Cesilia Jimenez these efforts by the county are paying off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently Jimenez received the results of her latest scans at the Moreno Valley Community Health Center from Dr. Moazzum Bajwa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She had been putting it off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been so nervous to hear those results, I knew I wanted to hear them from you,” she told Bajwa after he assured her that everything on the scans looked good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was Bajwa, who was a resident at the time, who diagnosed a cancerous tumor in her neck and got her treatment for it after she had sought answers for years as to why she was losing her ability to walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11789006\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11789006\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/PHYSICIAN-SHORTAGE-SOLUTION-photo-2-800x567.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"567\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Moazzum Bajwa and patient Cesilia Jimenez hug after her recent appointment. Jimenez said he’s a godsend and that without him she might still be trying to figure out what was wrong. \u003ccite>(Elizabeth Aguilera/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, he is an attending physician and teaching residents through Riverside University Health System and the UCR medical school. Bajwa is considered a success story in Riverside County’s efforts to grow, recruit and retain primary care doctors in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far the county is seeing success, Leung said. About four out of 10 residents stay in the Inland Empire after their training and eight to nine stay in Southern California. While those numbers are not that different from other programs across the state, opening the medical school and expanding training slots have kept doctors in the area.\u003cbr>\nDr. Takesha Cooper is on the admissions committee at the medical school, where priority is given to applicants who have a permanent or active mailing address in the area or went to college or attended high school in the Inland Empire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do a holistic review and don’t just look at test scores,” she said. “We call it mission fits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper defines it as applicants with connections to the area and who believe in the school’s mission to help the medically underserved region and train a diverse workforce of physicians. “We have to focus and attract and try to keep people who are growing up in this area, who have ties and are more likely to stay,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the medical school is seeing early success. Of its 128 graduates, about 31% are training as residents in the Inland Empire.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“I Needed To Serve This Population”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Cooper is the kind of local student the school hopes to capture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grew up in Moreno Valley long before the medical school opened. She went away for college, completed medical school at the University of Southern California and moved to the Bay Area for her residency and a fellowship in child and adolescent psychiatry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, as statistics bear out, she set up her practice in Palo Alto, near Stanford where she finished her training.\u003cbr>\n“I did that for five years but I started to feel like I’m not really needed here,” she said. “My heart told me I needed to serve this population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she came back to Riverside to practice and then she joined the faculty at UCR and has since helped start a residency in general adult psychiatry and a fellowship in child psychiatry as a way to train and keep much-needed mental health professionals in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If our residents had to go to UCLA or UC San Diego or Irvine, chances are they would have stayed in that area and practiced,” she said. “It’s what I did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the same strategy the county uses in recruiting medical school graduates like Bajwa to its residency programs, said Dr. Adolfo Aguilera, associate director of the University Health System residency program, who also stayed on after he trained in Riverside more than two decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When somebody has a connection to the area, you know, they are invested in what they’re going to be doing,” he said. “If they’re here to stay, they’re going to want to make sure that they are providing the best care that they can, that they are essentially trying to build the program so that we’re able to outreach to our community and serve their needs”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bajwa is from the East Coast but the program’s goals matched his when he interviewed and Riverside was his first choice. He also had another reason for coming and staying: His wife is from Riverside and she’s also a physician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The connection with my wife is what brought me out here first,” he said. “But it was the community and identity of building something bigger than myself that I fell in love with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what Leung, Aguilera and others in Riverside hope will happen with many of the students and residents they recruit. And they are not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11789008\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11789008\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/PHYSICIAN-SHORTAGE-SOLUTION-photo-4-800x566.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"566\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Adolfo Aguilera is associate director of the Riverside County University Health System and University of California School of Medicine residency program and physician in charge at the Moreno Valley Community Health Center. s \u003ccite>(Elizabeth Aguilera/CalMatter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Recruiting Physicians Where They Are Needed\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This kind of thinking is happening across the state in areas lacking physicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Northern California, UC Davis has partnered with the Oregon Health and Science University in Portland and created a program called COMPADRE, or California Oregon Medical Partnership to Address Disparities in Rural Education. It focuses on the area between Davis and Portland to recruit kids to medical school and to provide a program that allows them to train where they are from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll modify their curriculum to allow them to remain in their home community for a large part of their training to keep them connected to a community health center in the region,” Henderson said. “If we get physicians who actually grew up or have a connection to these communities they will be less burned out and will have meaningful relationships to the community and the hospital.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In urban South Los Angeles, the MLK Jr. Community Hospital set up its own medical group in 2016 that recruits and hires physicians to practice in the neighborhood and is slated to start a residency training program in 2022, said Elaine Batchlor, CEO of the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The strategy is to recruit doctors who have an interest in working in underserved communities, to offer them a state of the art practice environment with high quality colleagues,” she said. “We offer market compensation and the possibility of having loans forgiven because they are working in a medically underserved area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bringing residency slots to communities is a strategy that costs money. These slots are usually paid for by the Medicare program but the federal government has not created new residency positions in years. So the program at MLK and other new training sites are being funded by the host institutions or insurers like LA Care Health Plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LA Care serves 2 million Medi-Cal patients in Southern California. Last year the insurer committed 5% of its reserves, about $31 million a year for five years, to a program called Elevating the Safety Net, said John Baackes, CEO of the organization. It includes scholarships for medical school students, funding for residency slots, grants to clinics and private practices to recruit primary care doctors into Los Angeles County and loan repayment up to $180,000 for those newly recruited physicians who stay three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re hoping that when their three years is up they will have fallen in love with L.A. and their practice and they’ll stay on with us,” Baackes said. “We’re aimed at the safety net populations, those people who are on Medi-Cal or uninsured, and we think this is the right thing to do is invest in the future of this population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Riverside, the residency program that produced Dr. Bajwa is also partly supported by the county. Riverside County funds 52 positions beyond what the federal government provides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are over our cap, which means every resident that we add on top of that limit are entirely funded through the county,” said Leung, of Riverside University Health System. “Any improvement that we make in the Inland Empire area whether it is in workforce, education or in terms of policy or the way we think about developing neighborhoods, all of those things help make the Inland Empire the sort of area that people want to move to and that help us with recruiting doctors, resident physicians and medical school students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For patients, having access to a doctor over the long term that they know and trust pays off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Dr. Bajwa, Cesilia Jimenez never knew who she was going to see at the clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels good to just come and he knows what we are going to talk about and not me explaining to the doctor what I’ve been through,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she left their appointment Bajwa gave her a hug before she walked out on her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many programs talk about serving the underserved but here the focus that the faculty have on actually taking care of the community and doing outreach in the community is just unparalleled I think,” Bajwa said. “That was something I wanted to be a part of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CalMatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "UC President Janet Napolitano Announces Plans to Step Down in August 2020",
"title": "UC President Janet Napolitano Announces Plans to Step Down in August 2020",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>SAN FRANCISCO — University of California President Janet Napolitano, who oversaw historic expansions of the 10-campus system and championed immigrant students but whose management structure faced criticism and embarrassing scrutiny, said Wednesday she will step down in August 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Napolitano, a former homeland security secretary and Democratic governor of Arizona, made the announcement at a meeting of the university system's Board of Regents in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My time at UC has been deeply gratifying and rewarding. I have been honored and inspired every day to serve this institution alongside incredibly dedicated, passionate people,\" Napolitano said in a statement. \"The decision was tough — and this moment, bittersweet — but the time is right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it's time for an \"infusion of new energy and fresh ideas at the university.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Napolitano, 61, has battled a recurrence of breast cancer over the years but she did not disclose a specific reason for her announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her tenure, Napolitano has overseen an expansion of the public university system, enrolling historic numbers of students and made it easier for in-state students to transfer from community colleges to the university system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She oversaw reforms of policies on sexual misconduct and was a staunch supporter of the rights of immigrant students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the university \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11616080/university-of-california-sues-trump-administration-after-it-ends-daca\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">joined a lawsuit\u003c/a> challenging the Trump administration's decision to rescind the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, an action that led to injunctions that allowed hundreds of thousands of DACA recipients to extend their authorization to legally live and work in the U.S., including students in the UC system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Napolitano also was criticized by state lawmakers after a state audit found problems with her office's financial management. A report from State Auditor Elaine Howle in 2016 found that Napolitano's office failed to disclose millions of dollars in reserve funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11739629,news_11682247' label='Related Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also said Napolitano's top aides had sought to suppress campus criticism of her office in surveys that were supposed to be confidential and sent directly to the state auditor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The investigators found that Napolitano had approved of the plan to review the survey responses. The audit said there was \"insufficient evidence\" to conclude that she knew of the full range of what her staff was up to or that she directly approved of any interference, but the investigation and subsequent oversight prompted a rare public rebuke by the UC's governing Board of Regents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Napolitano had a distinguished career before coming to California. As a partner in a prominent Phoenix law firm, she represented Anita Hill during the Senate Judiciary Committee's confirmation hearings for Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas in 1991. Hill accused Thomas of sexual harassment, which he denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was a popular Democratic leader in Republican-controlled Arizona, easily winning re-election by more than 25 points in 2006. She stepped down in 2009 to join President Barack Obama's cabinet as secretary of homeland security, overseeing border security, ramped up in immigration enforcement and efforts to prevent terrorism. She served until 2013 when she became UC president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A university statement said Napolitano will take time off before teaching at UC Berkeley's Goldman School of Public Policy, where she is currently a tenured professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Jonathan J. Cooper in Phoenix contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A former U.S. secretary of homeland security and Democratic governor of Arizona, Napolitano in September 2013 became the first woman to lead the 10-campus University of California system.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SAN FRANCISCO — University of California President Janet Napolitano, who oversaw historic expansions of the 10-campus system and championed immigrant students but whose management structure faced criticism and embarrassing scrutiny, said Wednesday she will step down in August 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Napolitano, a former homeland security secretary and Democratic governor of Arizona, made the announcement at a meeting of the university system's Board of Regents in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My time at UC has been deeply gratifying and rewarding. I have been honored and inspired every day to serve this institution alongside incredibly dedicated, passionate people,\" Napolitano said in a statement. \"The decision was tough — and this moment, bittersweet — but the time is right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it's time for an \"infusion of new energy and fresh ideas at the university.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Napolitano, 61, has battled a recurrence of breast cancer over the years but she did not disclose a specific reason for her announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her tenure, Napolitano has overseen an expansion of the public university system, enrolling historic numbers of students and made it easier for in-state students to transfer from community colleges to the university system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She oversaw reforms of policies on sexual misconduct and was a staunch supporter of the rights of immigrant students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the university \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11616080/university-of-california-sues-trump-administration-after-it-ends-daca\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">joined a lawsuit\u003c/a> challenging the Trump administration's decision to rescind the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, an action that led to injunctions that allowed hundreds of thousands of DACA recipients to extend their authorization to legally live and work in the U.S., including students in the UC system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Napolitano also was criticized by state lawmakers after a state audit found problems with her office's financial management. A report from State Auditor Elaine Howle in 2016 found that Napolitano's office failed to disclose millions of dollars in reserve funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also said Napolitano's top aides had sought to suppress campus criticism of her office in surveys that were supposed to be confidential and sent directly to the state auditor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The investigators found that Napolitano had approved of the plan to review the survey responses. The audit said there was \"insufficient evidence\" to conclude that she knew of the full range of what her staff was up to or that she directly approved of any interference, but the investigation and subsequent oversight prompted a rare public rebuke by the UC's governing Board of Regents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Napolitano had a distinguished career before coming to California. As a partner in a prominent Phoenix law firm, she represented Anita Hill during the Senate Judiciary Committee's confirmation hearings for Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas in 1991. Hill accused Thomas of sexual harassment, which he denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was a popular Democratic leader in Republican-controlled Arizona, easily winning re-election by more than 25 points in 2006. She stepped down in 2009 to join President Barack Obama's cabinet as secretary of homeland security, overseeing border security, ramped up in immigration enforcement and efforts to prevent terrorism. She served until 2013 when she became UC president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A university statement said Napolitano will take time off before teaching at UC Berkeley's Goldman School of Public Policy, where she is currently a tenured professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Jonathan J. Cooper in Phoenix contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California College Students Shell Out $2K a Month for Housing, Books, Food Alone",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-cost-of-college-explained/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">price of college\u003c/a> has become a hot-button issue at both the state and national level, but data has been scarce about how much, beyond tuition, California students actually spend on the housing, food, textbooks and other non-tuition items that they also need to earn a degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Thursday, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.csac.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/2018-19_student_expenses_and_resources_survey_web.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">state survey\u003c/a> offered some answers: about $2,000 per month — and many say it’s a struggle. Nearly two-thirds of students polled by the California Student Aid Commission said the greatest obstacle to their success was either the cost of college or the need to balance work with studying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"David O’Brien, California Student Aid Commission director of government affairs\"]\"Our cost of living is higher and because of those other costs, our students are struggling.\"[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state survey on college costs, scrapped during the recession, was revived last year after a decade in which the commission \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2018/07/not-living-in-the-dorms-good-luck-figuring-out-what-college-is-gonna-cost/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">relied on outdated figures\u003c/a> to create the sample student budgets that many colleges use to calculate their cost of attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 150,000 students at the University of California, California State University, private colleges and community colleges received the surveys, created with the independent research firm Mathematica and funded by the College Futures Foundation. About 15,000 responded. More than 30% said they did not have enough money to pay for housing, while another 35% said the same for books and supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is a relatively low-tuition state, but we know that our cost of living is higher and because of those other costs, our students are struggling,” said David O’Brien, the commission’s director of government affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey also found higher rates of food and housing insecurity than prior studies at California colleges. Thirty-five percent of respondents were classified as food insecure after responding yes to questions such as, “In the last 30 days, did you ever cut the size of your meal or skip your meal because there wasn’t enough money for food?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/57217a10-2174-44e3-89bb-f3b6a2601757?src=embed\" title=\"Student housing costs by region\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officials had conducted the survey every three years since the 1970s, but placed it on hold after 2007. Since then, the commission has used data from old surveys, adjusted for inflation, to calculate student budgets. Critics said that method undercounted students’ expenses during a time when the cost of living in California was skyrocketing. The numbers matter because they help determine how much state financial aid students can receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the old method, for example, the estimated monthly housing cost for a student living with their family in the 2020-21 school year would have been $369. The survey put it at $509.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Often policymakers operate under the assumption that if a student is living at home, they’re not going to have any housing costs,” said O’Brien. “But the reality for our students is many times they’re contributing to the family income.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was some good news for students: The average yearly cost of textbooks and supplies fell by about half from last year’s estimate, to $1,080. Colleges are increasingly \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2019/low-cost-free-textbooks-for-california-college-students/616831\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">trying to reduce those costs\u003c/a> by offering digital texts, book rentals and other low-cost options. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission has already factored the survey results into updated sample budgets it sent to colleges this fall, O’Brien said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The financial burden on students varied by region and by race, the survey also found. While students in the Central Valley paid an average of $755 per month for housing compared with $1,183 in San Francisco, valley residents were most likely to report that they had trouble covering their housing costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among students on financial aid, more than half of black students reported that they lacked reliable access to healthy food, the highest of any ethnic group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students with children reported spending almost twice as much on living costs as those without. This year’s state budget nearly quadrupled the cap on grant money those students can receive to cover their living expenses, but the state hasn’t yet given out the funds. O’Brien says the commission expects to distribute the grants to about 30,000 student parents by the end of 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing concern about hunger, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2018/04/homeless-college-students-california/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">homelessness\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2019/04/student-loans-debt-for-profit-college-trump-obama-california/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">debt\u003c/a> among California students helped give rise to two bills \u003ca href=\"https://projects.calmatters.org/2019/college-affordability-bill-tracker-2019/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">this legislative session\u003c/a> that would have overhauled the state’s Cal Grant system to cover the full cost of attendance for all students. But they stalled after some estimates put the cost of such an expansion in the billions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the bills’ authors, Assemblymembers Jose Medina and Kevin McCarty and State Sen. Connie Leyva, wrote to the commission asking it to convene a working group to come up with a new plan by March of next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey results could help inform that discussion, said Hans Johnson, director of the higher education center at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we think of financial aid reform, what we really want is to have a really good sense of student budgets and how they vary across different types of colleges,” Johnson said. “And at the end of the day, we need an assessment of what’s a reasonable amount of debt for a student to have and what’s unreasonable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story and other higher education coverage are supported by the College Futures Foundation, which also helped fund this state survey. CalMatters news judgments are made independently and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/about/supporters/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">not on the basis of donor support\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CalMatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-cost-of-college-explained/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">price of college\u003c/a> has become a hot-button issue at both the state and national level, but data has been scarce about how much, beyond tuition, California students actually spend on the housing, food, textbooks and other non-tuition items that they also need to earn a degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Thursday, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.csac.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/2018-19_student_expenses_and_resources_survey_web.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">state survey\u003c/a> offered some answers: about $2,000 per month — and many say it’s a struggle. Nearly two-thirds of students polled by the California Student Aid Commission said the greatest obstacle to their success was either the cost of college or the need to balance work with studying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state survey on college costs, scrapped during the recession, was revived last year after a decade in which the commission \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2018/07/not-living-in-the-dorms-good-luck-figuring-out-what-college-is-gonna-cost/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">relied on outdated figures\u003c/a> to create the sample student budgets that many colleges use to calculate their cost of attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 150,000 students at the University of California, California State University, private colleges and community colleges received the surveys, created with the independent research firm Mathematica and funded by the College Futures Foundation. About 15,000 responded. More than 30% said they did not have enough money to pay for housing, while another 35% said the same for books and supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is a relatively low-tuition state, but we know that our cost of living is higher and because of those other costs, our students are struggling,” said David O’Brien, the commission’s director of government affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey also found higher rates of food and housing insecurity than prior studies at California colleges. Thirty-five percent of respondents were classified as food insecure after responding yes to questions such as, “In the last 30 days, did you ever cut the size of your meal or skip your meal because there wasn’t enough money for food?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/57217a10-2174-44e3-89bb-f3b6a2601757?src=embed\" title=\"Student housing costs by region\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officials had conducted the survey every three years since the 1970s, but placed it on hold after 2007. Since then, the commission has used data from old surveys, adjusted for inflation, to calculate student budgets. Critics said that method undercounted students’ expenses during a time when the cost of living in California was skyrocketing. The numbers matter because they help determine how much state financial aid students can receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the old method, for example, the estimated monthly housing cost for a student living with their family in the 2020-21 school year would have been $369. The survey put it at $509.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Often policymakers operate under the assumption that if a student is living at home, they’re not going to have any housing costs,” said O’Brien. “But the reality for our students is many times they’re contributing to the family income.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was some good news for students: The average yearly cost of textbooks and supplies fell by about half from last year’s estimate, to $1,080. Colleges are increasingly \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2019/low-cost-free-textbooks-for-california-college-students/616831\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">trying to reduce those costs\u003c/a> by offering digital texts, book rentals and other low-cost options. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission has already factored the survey results into updated sample budgets it sent to colleges this fall, O’Brien said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The financial burden on students varied by region and by race, the survey also found. While students in the Central Valley paid an average of $755 per month for housing compared with $1,183 in San Francisco, valley residents were most likely to report that they had trouble covering their housing costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among students on financial aid, more than half of black students reported that they lacked reliable access to healthy food, the highest of any ethnic group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students with children reported spending almost twice as much on living costs as those without. This year’s state budget nearly quadrupled the cap on grant money those students can receive to cover their living expenses, but the state hasn’t yet given out the funds. O’Brien says the commission expects to distribute the grants to about 30,000 student parents by the end of 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing concern about hunger, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2018/04/homeless-college-students-california/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">homelessness\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2019/04/student-loans-debt-for-profit-college-trump-obama-california/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">debt\u003c/a> among California students helped give rise to two bills \u003ca href=\"https://projects.calmatters.org/2019/college-affordability-bill-tracker-2019/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">this legislative session\u003c/a> that would have overhauled the state’s Cal Grant system to cover the full cost of attendance for all students. But they stalled after some estimates put the cost of such an expansion in the billions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the bills’ authors, Assemblymembers Jose Medina and Kevin McCarty and State Sen. Connie Leyva, wrote to the commission asking it to convene a working group to come up with a new plan by March of next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey results could help inform that discussion, said Hans Johnson, director of the higher education center at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we think of financial aid reform, what we really want is to have a really good sense of student budgets and how they vary across different types of colleges,” Johnson said. “And at the end of the day, we need an assessment of what’s a reasonable amount of debt for a student to have and what’s unreasonable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story and other higher education coverage are supported by the College Futures Foundation, which also helped fund this state survey. CalMatters news judgments are made independently and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/about/supporters/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">not on the basis of donor support\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CalMatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Jessy Rosales was a sophomore at UC Riverside, she had a boyfriend and she was taking birth control pills. Then out of nowhere, she started feeling sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just thought it was the stomach flu,” she says. “It turns out I was pregnant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosales was clear that she was not ready to have a baby. She wanted a medication abortion, where she would take one pill at the clinic and a second one at home a day or two later to induce a miscarriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just wanted the intimacy of dealing with it on my own, in the privacy of my own home,” she says. “And being able to cry if I wanted to cry or just being able to curl up in my bed right away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public university health centers in California do not perform abortions. But state lawmakers are expected to pass\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB24\"> a bill\u003c/a> in the coming weeks that would require student health centers at all 34 state campuses to provide medication abortions. If the measure becomes law, it will be the first of its kind in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s supporters say they want to remove the obstacles women face accessing medical abortion off campus. For example, Rosales was given three off-campus referrals for abortion providers by her student health center. But the first clinic she called didn’t perform abortions after all. The second didn’t take her insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time she could get an appointment at a third clinic, she was already into the second trimester of pregnancy — too late for a medication abortion, which can only be done up to 10 weeks. Rosales ended up having a surgical procedure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The doctor kept telling me to relax … and I couldn’t because it just hurt so bad,” she recalls. “I was just afraid and alone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosales graduated last year and is now advocating for the bill (SB 24) as a reproductive justice activist with the Women’s Foundation of California. She wants other students to have easier access to the abortion pill than she did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11772339\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"It took too long for Jessy Rosales to find a clinic near the University of California, Riverside, that would provide a medication abortion and accept her insurance. She's now advocating for a state bill to make the pills available at public university health centers in California.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11772339\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d.jpg 1944w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It took too long for Jessy Rosales to find a clinic near UC Riverside, that would provide a medication abortion and accept her insurance. She’s now advocating for a state bill to make the pills available at public university health centers in California. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Planned Parenthood )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Opponents of the bill have organized several rallies against it. In August, about 60 protesters in yellow T-shirts gathered outside a church in Sacramento, their heads bowed as a priest led them in prayer. Then they marched around the state’s Capitol, chanting, “Don’t kill babies! Don’t kill babies!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a consortium of women’s groups that support abortion rights has promised to pay for all the required ultrasound equipment and upfront training costs of providing the abortion pill on campus, eventually universities would likely need to dip into tax dollars or student fees for ongoing costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abortion opponents such as Michele LaMonica object to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not on my dime, not on my dime,” LaMonica says. “Tax me to help the homeless. Tax me to help social services, but don’t tax me to pay for the disposal of human life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11719509\" label=\"Previous Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insurers are already required to cover abortion under California law, and state tax dollars do go toward abortions provided through Medi-Cal, the state version of Medicaid for low-income patients. However, none of the UC campuses and only some of the CSU campuses get reimbursed for health services through Medi-Cal. University officials testified during legislative hearings on the bill last year that it could be an administrative or fiscal burden to establish billing systems to provide the abortion pill on campus. They predicted that some clinical costs, as well as security and liability costs, could fall directly to the universities and get passed on to students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to 519 women at public universities seek a medication abortion every month in California, according to\u003ca href=\"https://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X(18)30185-X/fulltext\"> a study\u003c/a> published last summer in the Journal of Adolescent Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same research found that off-campus abortion providers were an average of six miles away from public university campuses in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Gov. Jerry Brown cited this stat when \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB320\">he vetoed\u003c/a> a version of the same bill (\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB320\">SB 320\u003c/a>) last year, saying the legislation was not necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Six miles away — that’s like a $5 Uber ride,” said abortion opponent Nick Reynosa, the Northern California regional coordinator for Students for Life of America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the campaign is more about politics than need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the last decade, many pro-choice activists feel that in red states, there’s been a lot of momentum toward more abortion restrictions. This is a way to say, ‘No. Here, in blue California, we’re going to affirm or expand [the right to an abortion],’ ” Reynosa says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s supporters don’t deny it. Phoebe Abramowitz was part of the student team that launched the campus campaign for medication abortions at UC Berkeley four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now that we’re doing statewide advocacy, we’re hoping to set a national precedent that we can, even in these really hostile times to women and queer people, move access to abortion forward,” she says. “It’s more important now than it even was a year ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Brown vetoed the bill last year, then-gubernatorial candidate Gavin Newsom said he\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/Gavin-Newsom-splits-with-Jerry-Brown-on-SF-drug-13275997.php\"> would have supported\u003c/a> it. He won the election about a month later, and advocates are optimistic that he will side with them this time around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Legislature has until mid-September to pass the bill, and the governor has a month after that to sign or veto it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of NPR’s reporting partnership with KQED and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\">\u003cem>Kaiser Health News\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Jessy Rosales was a sophomore at UC Riverside, she had a boyfriend and she was taking birth control pills. Then out of nowhere, she started feeling sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just thought it was the stomach flu,” she says. “It turns out I was pregnant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosales was clear that she was not ready to have a baby. She wanted a medication abortion, where she would take one pill at the clinic and a second one at home a day or two later to induce a miscarriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just wanted the intimacy of dealing with it on my own, in the privacy of my own home,” she says. “And being able to cry if I wanted to cry or just being able to curl up in my bed right away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public university health centers in California do not perform abortions. But state lawmakers are expected to pass\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB24\"> a bill\u003c/a> in the coming weeks that would require student health centers at all 34 state campuses to provide medication abortions. If the measure becomes law, it will be the first of its kind in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s supporters say they want to remove the obstacles women face accessing medical abortion off campus. For example, Rosales was given three off-campus referrals for abortion providers by her student health center. But the first clinic she called didn’t perform abortions after all. The second didn’t take her insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time she could get an appointment at a third clinic, she was already into the second trimester of pregnancy — too late for a medication abortion, which can only be done up to 10 weeks. Rosales ended up having a surgical procedure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The doctor kept telling me to relax … and I couldn’t because it just hurt so bad,” she recalls. “I was just afraid and alone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosales graduated last year and is now advocating for the bill (SB 24) as a reproductive justice activist with the Women’s Foundation of California. She wants other students to have easier access to the abortion pill than she did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11772339\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"It took too long for Jessy Rosales to find a clinic near the University of California, Riverside, that would provide a medication abortion and accept her insurance. She's now advocating for a state bill to make the pills available at public university health centers in California.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11772339\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/jessy-rosales_wide-a7286be2cdb043d9198d5277d39ca62e8fe74a3d.jpg 1944w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It took too long for Jessy Rosales to find a clinic near UC Riverside, that would provide a medication abortion and accept her insurance. She’s now advocating for a state bill to make the pills available at public university health centers in California. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Planned Parenthood )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Opponents of the bill have organized several rallies against it. In August, about 60 protesters in yellow T-shirts gathered outside a church in Sacramento, their heads bowed as a priest led them in prayer. Then they marched around the state’s Capitol, chanting, “Don’t kill babies! Don’t kill babies!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a consortium of women’s groups that support abortion rights has promised to pay for all the required ultrasound equipment and upfront training costs of providing the abortion pill on campus, eventually universities would likely need to dip into tax dollars or student fees for ongoing costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abortion opponents such as Michele LaMonica object to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not on my dime, not on my dime,” LaMonica says. “Tax me to help the homeless. Tax me to help social services, but don’t tax me to pay for the disposal of human life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insurers are already required to cover abortion under California law, and state tax dollars do go toward abortions provided through Medi-Cal, the state version of Medicaid for low-income patients. However, none of the UC campuses and only some of the CSU campuses get reimbursed for health services through Medi-Cal. University officials testified during legislative hearings on the bill last year that it could be an administrative or fiscal burden to establish billing systems to provide the abortion pill on campus. They predicted that some clinical costs, as well as security and liability costs, could fall directly to the universities and get passed on to students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to 519 women at public universities seek a medication abortion every month in California, according to\u003ca href=\"https://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X(18)30185-X/fulltext\"> a study\u003c/a> published last summer in the Journal of Adolescent Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same research found that off-campus abortion providers were an average of six miles away from public university campuses in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Gov. Jerry Brown cited this stat when \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB320\">he vetoed\u003c/a> a version of the same bill (\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB320\">SB 320\u003c/a>) last year, saying the legislation was not necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Six miles away — that’s like a $5 Uber ride,” said abortion opponent Nick Reynosa, the Northern California regional coordinator for Students for Life of America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the campaign is more about politics than need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the last decade, many pro-choice activists feel that in red states, there’s been a lot of momentum toward more abortion restrictions. This is a way to say, ‘No. Here, in blue California, we’re going to affirm or expand [the right to an abortion],’ ” Reynosa says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s supporters don’t deny it. Phoebe Abramowitz was part of the student team that launched the campus campaign for medication abortions at UC Berkeley four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now that we’re doing statewide advocacy, we’re hoping to set a national precedent that we can, even in these really hostile times to women and queer people, move access to abortion forward,” she says. “It’s more important now than it even was a year ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Brown vetoed the bill last year, then-gubernatorial candidate Gavin Newsom said he\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/Gavin-Newsom-splits-with-Jerry-Brown-on-SF-drug-13275997.php\"> would have supported\u003c/a> it. He won the election about a month later, and advocates are optimistic that he will side with them this time around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Legislature has until mid-September to pass the bill, and the governor has a month after that to sign or veto it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of NPR’s reporting partnership with KQED and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\">\u003cem>Kaiser Health News\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "behind-ucs-admission-by-exception-side-door-sports-money-diversity-and-secrecy",
"title": "Behind UC's 'Admission by Exception' Side Door: Sports, Money, Diversity – and Secrecy",
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"headTitle": "Behind UC’s ‘Admission by Exception’ Side Door: Sports, Money, Diversity – and Secrecy | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]E[/dropcap]ach November, tens of thousands of high school students file their applications to the University of California and an army of admissions staffers begins deciding who will be accepted to the nation’s most prestigious public university.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2019/03/california-college-admissions-scandal-uc-legislature-sat-athletes/\">Varsity Blues scandal\u003c/a> has cast a spotlight on a once-obscure part of that admissions process. Known as “admissions by exception,” it gives campuses flexibility to admit up to 6% of each entering class from applicants who don’t meet UC’s minimum standards, but have a special talent or come from a disadvantaged background.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s unclear if admissions by exception played a direct role in the college cheating scandal, it has surfaced as a potential weak spot as policymakers seek ways to bulletproof the university’s admission system from scammers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Documents and interviews with admissions officers show UC’s nine undergraduate campuses are using the policy in very different ways — ways that some campuses prefer to keep secret, even after \u003ca href=\"https://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/regmeet/july19/c1attach1.pdf\">an internal UC audit\u003c/a> urged more transparency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a public records request from CalMatters, for instance, most campuses said they had no documentation of how many students are admitted by exception each year. At least one campus exceeded the 6% cap in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just one campus—UCLA—provided records outlining the total numbers and demographics of students admitted under the policy, while two others—UC Santa Cruz and UC Riverside—verbally detailed how they select the exceptional admits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Together, the three campuses offer a glimpse of how admissions by exception works and how campuses use it to their advantage. Perhaps best known as a tool for athletic recruitment, the policy also helps campuses open access to non-traditional students, and even shore up their bottom lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>UCLA: A Leg Up for Athletic Stars\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-800x592.jpg\" alt=\"UCLA largely uses its admissions by exception to recruit gifted athletes. The university is highly selective and receives more applications than any other campus at UC. \" width=\"800\" height=\"592\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767087\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-800x592.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-160x118.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-1020x755.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-1200x888.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UCLA largely uses its admissions by exception to recruit gifted athletes. The university is highly selective and receives more applications than any other campus at UC. \u003ccite>(Harry How/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At highly-selective UCLA, most of the 132 students admitted by exception in 2018 came from California, according to documents obtained under CalMatters’ public records request. All but about a dozen were athletes or possessed other special talents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While athletes made up the bulk of that group, UCLA spokesperson Ricardo Vazquez said it also included applicants with skills in music and art. More than a third had grade point averages below 3.5, well under the 4.25 median GPA for all admitted freshmen that year. The GPAs of another quarter of admits are listed as “missing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Extraordinary talent of any sort, athletic or otherwise, can limit a student’s ability to meet eligibility requirements because of the time commitments some of those activities may involve,” Vazquez wrote in a statement to CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA has long used admission by exception for athletic recruitment. Its officials told the NCAA in a 2011 report that about half of all student-athletes were admitted via the policy—including 85 percent of football players on scholarship—compared with fewer than two percent of incoming freshmen overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/c4f696f0-2859-4cc9-b238-021e13c0acf3?src=embed\" title=\"UCLA Admissions by Exception\" width=\"800\" height=\"1674\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice is not without risks.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2014/10/29/80-percent-of-cal-recruits-must-have-3-0-gpa-by-2017-18/\">overhauled\u003c/a> its admissions process for athletes five years ago after revelations that graduation rates on its men’s football and basketball teams ranked last in the country. But UCLA officials \u003ca href=\"http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/ucla/genrel/auto_pdf/2011-12/misc_non_event/1112.pdf\">wrote in 2011\u003c/a> that “given UCLA’s highly competitive academic reality for admitting first-year students in general, there is no real alternative…if UCLA is to compete athletically with any success.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recruits recommended by coaches must be reviewed for admission by exception only if they lack the minimum qualifications for UC. Those include earning a C or better in each of a sequence of college prep courses, including four years of English and three years of math; averaging at least a 3.0 GPA; and taking the SAT or ACT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA’s admission practices have come under scrutiny since soccer coach Jorge Salcedo was ensnared in the nationwide college admissions scandal, charged with accepting $200,000 in bribes from wealthy families to recruit their children as players. \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-07-20/la-sp-ucla-athlete-recruits-children-coaches-admissions-20190721\">A recent Los Angeles Times investigation\u003c/a> identified a handful of students with close ties to athletics department employees who were recruited as athletes despite appearing to have little experience in their sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vazquez declined to comment on whether admissions by exception played a role in those cases, citing student privacy. He said the university is reviewing its use of the policy, which has become increasingly limited to unusually talented students as UCLA has grown in popularity: For some years, it has received more applications than any other university in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>UC Riverside: Homeschooler Advantage\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767096\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-800x400.jpg\" alt=\"UC Riverside’s 'exceptional' admissions include athletes, disadvantaged students and homeschoolers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767096\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-800x400.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-160x80.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-1020x510.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-1200x600.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Riverside’s ‘exceptional’ admissions include athletes, disadvantaged students and homeschoolers. \u003ccite>(Felicia Mello/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like UCLA, UC Riverside fields Division 1 sports teams, but campus policy limits the number of athletes admitted by exception to 1% of each entering class. Instead, the campus targets those students with extreme educational disadvantages, said undergraduate admissions director Emily Engelschall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riverside’s admissions by exception, she said, tend toward students who were homeschooled, experienced a medical emergency that delayed their coursework, or “come from a foster care environment who’ve attended 10 different high schools throughout their career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even students admitted by exception to UC Riverside must have at least a 3.0 GPA and meet minimum test score cutoffs, said Engelschall — a stricter standard than at other campuses. Those requirements can be waived, however, if a special faculty review committee signs off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eddie Comeaux, a professor of higher education at UC Riverside, said such committees sometimes fail to adequately assess whether students they’re admitting have the skills and support to succeed at the university.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Tasha Boerner-Horvath, California assemblymember (D, San Diego)\"]‘It’s a more subjective admissions process than the rest of admissions. Is that something that can be theoretically abused? Yes.[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes they become a rubber stamp, and there’s not a thoughtful, evidence-based approach,” said Comeaux, who chairs the UC-wide faculty panel charged with overseeing admissions policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Athletes in sports that don’t generate revenue for the university are among those who can receive a cursory review, Comeaux said. “So much of that is under the radar because these are athletes that are not high profile.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least two people review every application granted admission by exception at UC Riverside, said Engelschall — but that’s not true for every campus, an internal UC audit found. In some cases, a single individual makes the selection, according to the June audit, the first of three to examine ways to improve UC’s admissions procedures in the wake of Varsity Blues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1383\">A bill\u003c/a> pending in the state Legislature aims to address that: Authored by Sacramento Assemblyman Kevin McCarty, it would require that at least three senior administrators sign off on every student admitted by exception to UC and CSU.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>UC Santa Cruz: Out-of-Staters — and Tuition\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>UC’s internal audit also found that campuses are not consistently measuring how many students they admit by exception, and sometimes fail to document the reason for the decision. UC Santa Cruz, for example, admitted about 8% of its entering class by exception in 2018, exceeding the 6% allowed under UC rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Wittingham, associate vice chancellor of enrollment management, said the way the university handled those applications — which were flagged by a reviewer, given a score between 1 and 5, and then lumped in with the regular pool — made it harder to track compliance with the cap. But she added that the university is “going to really be looking closely into that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Cruz has used the program to recruit students from outside California who have strong academic records but didn’t take a required class, Wittingham said: “You might be missing a year of English, but we see that you had senior English and got great grades and had strong test scores.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university is working to increase its population of non-resident students, Whittingham said, both to expose California students to other cultural influences and bring in the extra tuition dollars those students pay. About 86% of the 282 students the campus admitted by exception in 2018 came from outside the state, she said, and “not shockingly, curriculum in other countries is not aligned to UC requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whittingham took care to emphasize that non-resident students who come in by exception aren’t displacing California residents — the number of in-state students, she said, is determined by state funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>UC-wide: Promoting Diversity?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>UC President Janet Napolitano has said the university will follow the audit’s recommendations, which include requiring campuses to track why they admit each student by exception and ensure that multiple people evaluate each file.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While UC says only about 2% of newly enrolled students systemwide enter via the policy, that still amounts to hundreds of students. The university sent acceptance letters to a record 108,178 freshmen for fall 2019, including 71,655 Californians. About 62% of California applicants got in, though not necessarily to their first-choice campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/222825bd-eddf-4320-963c-47622ef30954?src=embed\" title=\"UC Admissions Requirements\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, admissions by exception may be contributing to campus diversity. California students admitted via the policy in 2018 were more likely to be black than those in the entering class overall — though less likely to be Latino or first-generation. Black students, who are underrepresented at UC compared to their share of California’s population, made up about 10% of in-state students admitted by exception, double their share of total admitted students from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent meeting of UC’s governing board, some university regents worried that tightening oversight of admissions by exception too much — for example, by requiring more students to submit documents verifying claims they make in their applications — could adversely affect disadvantaged students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks that are being admitted by exception…might be in the least favorable position to provide a lot of verification,” said regents vice-chair Cecilia Estolano. “Those are super-important categories for us to ensure that we’re opening access to really amazing, talented people that just don’t have opportunities to show that in their high school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wei-Li Sun, an admissions consultant who specializes in helping students apply to UC, says the practice seems less to benefit disadvantaged students overall than to target specific groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The College Admissions Scandal\" tag=\"college-admissions-scandal\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got your out of state students who bring in money, you’ve got your athletes who are going to win, and you’ve got your homeschool students who tend to outperform the regular students, so it makes sense for the UCs to want them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area-based admissions counselor Felicia Fahey said she’s helped two clients gain admission by exception — one a homeschooled student who attended UC Berkeley, and another a skilled writer who was admitted to UC Davis after a heart surgery that affected her grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The second student] had clearly overcome this problem and was performing at a really high level,” Fahey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On Basic Data, ‘Surprising’ Secrecy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Whatever their reasons, some UC campuses are clearly reluctant to share data on admissions by exception. Four months after CalMatters sent public records requests to each of the nine undergraduate campuses seeking information about the number and demographics of students admitted under the policy, only UCLA has provided any documents. UC Riverside and UC Santa Cruz made admissions staff available for interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other six campuses either failed to respond or said they did not have records that answered any of our questions — even the most basic one about how many students were admitted by exception last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When CalMatters followed up, pointing out that UC’s own internal audit was examining that question, some campuses agreed to look into our request — but had yet to provide any documents by deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More details could emerge when the university conducts a second internal audit of its admissions over the next six months, followed by an independent state study requested by the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Tasha Boerner-Horvath, the San Diego Democrat who asked for the state audit, said she found campuses’ lack of documentation “very surprising.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a more subjective admissions process than the rest of admissions,” she said. “Is that something that can be theoretically abused? Yes.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Are they doing enough due diligence to ensure it’s not being misused?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story and other higher education coverage are supported by the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Behind UC's 'Admission by Exception' Side Door: Sports, Money, Diversity – and Secrecy | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">E\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ach November, tens of thousands of high school students file their applications to the University of California and an army of admissions staffers begins deciding who will be accepted to the nation’s most prestigious public university.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2019/03/california-college-admissions-scandal-uc-legislature-sat-athletes/\">Varsity Blues scandal\u003c/a> has cast a spotlight on a once-obscure part of that admissions process. Known as “admissions by exception,” it gives campuses flexibility to admit up to 6% of each entering class from applicants who don’t meet UC’s minimum standards, but have a special talent or come from a disadvantaged background.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s unclear if admissions by exception played a direct role in the college cheating scandal, it has surfaced as a potential weak spot as policymakers seek ways to bulletproof the university’s admission system from scammers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Documents and interviews with admissions officers show UC’s nine undergraduate campuses are using the policy in very different ways — ways that some campuses prefer to keep secret, even after \u003ca href=\"https://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/regmeet/july19/c1attach1.pdf\">an internal UC audit\u003c/a> urged more transparency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a public records request from CalMatters, for instance, most campuses said they had no documentation of how many students are admitted by exception each year. At least one campus exceeded the 6% cap in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just one campus—UCLA—provided records outlining the total numbers and demographics of students admitted under the policy, while two others—UC Santa Cruz and UC Riverside—verbally detailed how they select the exceptional admits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Together, the three campuses offer a glimpse of how admissions by exception works and how campuses use it to their advantage. Perhaps best known as a tool for athletic recruitment, the policy also helps campuses open access to non-traditional students, and even shore up their bottom lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>UCLA: A Leg Up for Athletic Stars\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-800x592.jpg\" alt=\"UCLA largely uses its admissions by exception to recruit gifted athletes. The university is highly selective and receives more applications than any other campus at UC. \" width=\"800\" height=\"592\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767087\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-800x592.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-160x118.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-1020x755.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football-1200x888.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UCLA-Football.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UCLA largely uses its admissions by exception to recruit gifted athletes. The university is highly selective and receives more applications than any other campus at UC. \u003ccite>(Harry How/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At highly-selective UCLA, most of the 132 students admitted by exception in 2018 came from California, according to documents obtained under CalMatters’ public records request. All but about a dozen were athletes or possessed other special talents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While athletes made up the bulk of that group, UCLA spokesperson Ricardo Vazquez said it also included applicants with skills in music and art. More than a third had grade point averages below 3.5, well under the 4.25 median GPA for all admitted freshmen that year. The GPAs of another quarter of admits are listed as “missing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Extraordinary talent of any sort, athletic or otherwise, can limit a student’s ability to meet eligibility requirements because of the time commitments some of those activities may involve,” Vazquez wrote in a statement to CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA has long used admission by exception for athletic recruitment. Its officials told the NCAA in a 2011 report that about half of all student-athletes were admitted via the policy—including 85 percent of football players on scholarship—compared with fewer than two percent of incoming freshmen overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/c4f696f0-2859-4cc9-b238-021e13c0acf3?src=embed\" title=\"UCLA Admissions by Exception\" width=\"800\" height=\"1674\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice is not without risks.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2014/10/29/80-percent-of-cal-recruits-must-have-3-0-gpa-by-2017-18/\">overhauled\u003c/a> its admissions process for athletes five years ago after revelations that graduation rates on its men’s football and basketball teams ranked last in the country. But UCLA officials \u003ca href=\"http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/ucla/genrel/auto_pdf/2011-12/misc_non_event/1112.pdf\">wrote in 2011\u003c/a> that “given UCLA’s highly competitive academic reality for admitting first-year students in general, there is no real alternative…if UCLA is to compete athletically with any success.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recruits recommended by coaches must be reviewed for admission by exception only if they lack the minimum qualifications for UC. Those include earning a C or better in each of a sequence of college prep courses, including four years of English and three years of math; averaging at least a 3.0 GPA; and taking the SAT or ACT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA’s admission practices have come under scrutiny since soccer coach Jorge Salcedo was ensnared in the nationwide college admissions scandal, charged with accepting $200,000 in bribes from wealthy families to recruit their children as players. \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-07-20/la-sp-ucla-athlete-recruits-children-coaches-admissions-20190721\">A recent Los Angeles Times investigation\u003c/a> identified a handful of students with close ties to athletics department employees who were recruited as athletes despite appearing to have little experience in their sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vazquez declined to comment on whether admissions by exception played a role in those cases, citing student privacy. He said the university is reviewing its use of the policy, which has become increasingly limited to unusually talented students as UCLA has grown in popularity: For some years, it has received more applications than any other university in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>UC Riverside: Homeschooler Advantage\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11767096\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-800x400.jpg\" alt=\"UC Riverside’s 'exceptional' admissions include athletes, disadvantaged students and homeschoolers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11767096\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-800x400.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-160x80.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-1020x510.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside-1200x600.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/UC-Riverside.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Riverside’s ‘exceptional’ admissions include athletes, disadvantaged students and homeschoolers. \u003ccite>(Felicia Mello/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like UCLA, UC Riverside fields Division 1 sports teams, but campus policy limits the number of athletes admitted by exception to 1% of each entering class. Instead, the campus targets those students with extreme educational disadvantages, said undergraduate admissions director Emily Engelschall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riverside’s admissions by exception, she said, tend toward students who were homeschooled, experienced a medical emergency that delayed their coursework, or “come from a foster care environment who’ve attended 10 different high schools throughout their career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even students admitted by exception to UC Riverside must have at least a 3.0 GPA and meet minimum test score cutoffs, said Engelschall — a stricter standard than at other campuses. Those requirements can be waived, however, if a special faculty review committee signs off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eddie Comeaux, a professor of higher education at UC Riverside, said such committees sometimes fail to adequately assess whether students they’re admitting have the skills and support to succeed at the university.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes they become a rubber stamp, and there’s not a thoughtful, evidence-based approach,” said Comeaux, who chairs the UC-wide faculty panel charged with overseeing admissions policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Athletes in sports that don’t generate revenue for the university are among those who can receive a cursory review, Comeaux said. “So much of that is under the radar because these are athletes that are not high profile.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least two people review every application granted admission by exception at UC Riverside, said Engelschall — but that’s not true for every campus, an internal UC audit found. In some cases, a single individual makes the selection, according to the June audit, the first of three to examine ways to improve UC’s admissions procedures in the wake of Varsity Blues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1383\">A bill\u003c/a> pending in the state Legislature aims to address that: Authored by Sacramento Assemblyman Kevin McCarty, it would require that at least three senior administrators sign off on every student admitted by exception to UC and CSU.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>UC Santa Cruz: Out-of-Staters — and Tuition\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>UC’s internal audit also found that campuses are not consistently measuring how many students they admit by exception, and sometimes fail to document the reason for the decision. UC Santa Cruz, for example, admitted about 8% of its entering class by exception in 2018, exceeding the 6% allowed under UC rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Wittingham, associate vice chancellor of enrollment management, said the way the university handled those applications — which were flagged by a reviewer, given a score between 1 and 5, and then lumped in with the regular pool — made it harder to track compliance with the cap. But she added that the university is “going to really be looking closely into that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Cruz has used the program to recruit students from outside California who have strong academic records but didn’t take a required class, Wittingham said: “You might be missing a year of English, but we see that you had senior English and got great grades and had strong test scores.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university is working to increase its population of non-resident students, Whittingham said, both to expose California students to other cultural influences and bring in the extra tuition dollars those students pay. About 86% of the 282 students the campus admitted by exception in 2018 came from outside the state, she said, and “not shockingly, curriculum in other countries is not aligned to UC requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whittingham took care to emphasize that non-resident students who come in by exception aren’t displacing California residents — the number of in-state students, she said, is determined by state funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>UC-wide: Promoting Diversity?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>UC President Janet Napolitano has said the university will follow the audit’s recommendations, which include requiring campuses to track why they admit each student by exception and ensure that multiple people evaluate each file.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While UC says only about 2% of newly enrolled students systemwide enter via the policy, that still amounts to hundreds of students. The university sent acceptance letters to a record 108,178 freshmen for fall 2019, including 71,655 Californians. About 62% of California applicants got in, though not necessarily to their first-choice campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/222825bd-eddf-4320-963c-47622ef30954?src=embed\" title=\"UC Admissions Requirements\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, admissions by exception may be contributing to campus diversity. California students admitted via the policy in 2018 were more likely to be black than those in the entering class overall — though less likely to be Latino or first-generation. Black students, who are underrepresented at UC compared to their share of California’s population, made up about 10% of in-state students admitted by exception, double their share of total admitted students from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent meeting of UC’s governing board, some university regents worried that tightening oversight of admissions by exception too much — for example, by requiring more students to submit documents verifying claims they make in their applications — could adversely affect disadvantaged students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks that are being admitted by exception…might be in the least favorable position to provide a lot of verification,” said regents vice-chair Cecilia Estolano. “Those are super-important categories for us to ensure that we’re opening access to really amazing, talented people that just don’t have opportunities to show that in their high school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wei-Li Sun, an admissions consultant who specializes in helping students apply to UC, says the practice seems less to benefit disadvantaged students overall than to target specific groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got your out of state students who bring in money, you’ve got your athletes who are going to win, and you’ve got your homeschool students who tend to outperform the regular students, so it makes sense for the UCs to want them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area-based admissions counselor Felicia Fahey said she’s helped two clients gain admission by exception — one a homeschooled student who attended UC Berkeley, and another a skilled writer who was admitted to UC Davis after a heart surgery that affected her grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The second student] had clearly overcome this problem and was performing at a really high level,” Fahey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On Basic Data, ‘Surprising’ Secrecy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Whatever their reasons, some UC campuses are clearly reluctant to share data on admissions by exception. Four months after CalMatters sent public records requests to each of the nine undergraduate campuses seeking information about the number and demographics of students admitted under the policy, only UCLA has provided any documents. UC Riverside and UC Santa Cruz made admissions staff available for interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other six campuses either failed to respond or said they did not have records that answered any of our questions — even the most basic one about how many students were admitted by exception last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When CalMatters followed up, pointing out that UC’s own internal audit was examining that question, some campuses agreed to look into our request — but had yet to provide any documents by deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More details could emerge when the university conducts a second internal audit of its admissions over the next six months, followed by an independent state study requested by the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Tasha Boerner-Horvath, the San Diego Democrat who asked for the state audit, said she found campuses’ lack of documentation “very surprising.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a more subjective admissions process than the rest of admissions,” she said. “Is that something that can be theoretically abused? Yes.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Are they doing enough due diligence to ensure it’s not being misused?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story and other higher education coverage are supported by the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/mackenzie-smith-455658\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MacKenzie Smith\u003c/a> is university librarian and vice provost for digital scholarship at UC Davis.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, academic publisher Elsevier \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2019/07/11/elsevier-ends-journal-access-uc-system\">shuttered\u003c/a> the University of California’s online access to current journal articles. It’s the latest move in the high stakes \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-uc-elsevier-20190711-story.html\">standoff\u003c/a> between Elsevier, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-hiltzik-uc-elsevier-20181207-story.html\">world’s largest publisher of scholarly research\u003c/a>, and the University of California, whose scholars \u003ca href=\"https://accountability.universityofcalifornia.edu/2018/chapters/chapter-9.html\">produce about 10% \u003c/a>of the nation’s research publications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last February, Elsevier chose to continue providing access to journals via its \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com\">ScienceDirect\u003c/a> online platform after UC’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/uc-terminates-subscriptions-worlds-largest-scientific-publisher-push-open-access-publicly\">subscription expired\u003c/a> and negotiations broke down. With its instant access now cut off, the UC research community will learn firsthand what it’s like to rely on the open web and other means of accessing critical research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC-Elsevier showdown made headlines because it’s symptomatic of the way the internet has failed to deliver on the promise to make knowledge easily accessible and shareable by anyone, anywhere in the world. It’s the latest in a succession of cracks in what is widely considered to be a \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchinformation.info/news/new-report-warns-%E2%80%98failing-system%E2%80%99-scholarly-publishing\">failing system\u003c/a> for sharing academic research. \u003ca href=\"https://leadership.ucdavis.edu/people/mackenzie-smith\">As the head of the research library at UC Davis\u003c/a>, I see this development as a \u003ca href=\"https://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/open-access-at-uc/publisher-negotiations/uc-and-elsevier-impact/\">harbinger of a tectonic shift\u003c/a> in how universities and their faculty share research, build reputations and preserve knowledge in the digital age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11761669\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-800x619.jpg\" alt=\"Accessing a journal no longer means going to a periodicals room.\" width=\"800\" height=\"619\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11761669\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-800x619.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-1020x789.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Accessing a journal no longer means going to a periodicals room. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"\">Newton W. Elwell\u003c/a>/Boston Public Library/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Moving From Stacks to Screens\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Here’s how things traditionally worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Universities have always subscribed to scientific journals so their researchers can study and build on the work that came before, and won’t needlessly duplicate research they never knew about. In the print age, university library shelves were lined with journals, available for any researcher or – in the case of public universities like the University of California – any member of the public to peruse and learn from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, for almost all journals, and a growing number of books, libraries sign contracts to license access to digital versions. Since academic publishers moved their journals online, it has become rare for libraries to subscribe to printed journals, and researchers have adapted to the convenience of accessing journal articles on the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new business model of licensing access to journals online rather than distributing them in print, for-profit publishers often lock libraries into bundled subscriptions that wrap the majority of a publisher’s portfolio of journals – \u003ca href=\"https://www.elsevier.com/books-and-journals\">almost 3,000 in Elsevier’s case\u003c/a> – into a single, multimillion dollar package. Rather than storing back issues on shelves, libraries can lose permanent access to journals when a contract expires. And members of the public can no longer read the library’s copy of a journal because the licenses are limited to members of the university. Now the public must buy online copies of academic articles for an average of $35 to $40 a pop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right']‘Under the new business model of licensing access to journals online rather than distributing them in print, for-profit publishers often lock libraries into bundled subscriptions that wrap the majority of a publisher’s portfolio of journals – almost 3,000 in Elsevier’s case – into a single, multimillion dollar package.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shift to digital has been good for researchers in many ways. It is far more convenient to search for articles online, and easier to access and download a copy – provided you work for an institution with a paid subscription. Modern software makes organizing and annotating them simpler, too. With all of these benefits, no one would advocate for going back to the old days of print journals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online access to journals did not improve the picture overall. Despite digital copies of articles costing nothing to duplicate and the cost of producing an article online being lower than in the past, the cost to libraries of licensing access to them has continued to experience \u003ca href=\"https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/5yr_ongoing-resource-expenditures_by_type.pdf\">hyperinflation\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/academic-journal-publishing-is-headed-for-a-day-of-reckoning-80869\">No library\u003c/a> can afford to license all the journals its faculty and students want access to, and many researchers around the world are shut out completely. Compounding the problem, \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127502\">consolidation in the scholarly publishing market\u003c/a> has reduced competition significantly, causing even more price inflexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Excessive Profits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Academic publishers certainly bear costs. They pay for professional editors and programmers, they manage the peer review process, they market their journals and so on. However, their revenues far exceed these costs and are among the highest of any companies in the world. Elsevier’s profit margin is reported to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/kittyknowles/2018/06/13/blockchain-science-iris-ai-project-aiur-elsevier-academic-journal-london-tech-week-cogx/\">nearly 40%\u003c/a>, far higher than even Apple at \u003ca href=\"https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/AAPL/apple/profit-margins\">around 23%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where social media platforms like Facebook profit from – and indeed, would not exist without – the content generated by users, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/mar/04/the-guardian-view-on-academic-publishing-disastrous-capitalism\">the parallel is true\u003c/a> for academic journals. Companies like Elsevier receive articles from university faculty and other researchers for free, summarizing research that was often publicly funded by government grants. Then other faculty and researchers serve on their editorial boards and peer-review those articles for free or a nominal fee. Finally the company publishes them in journals available only behind a paywall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s the rub: the paywall. The great promise of the internet was that it would make \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_wants_to_be_free\">knowledge more freely and easily accessible\u003c/a>. In the world of academic research – where new discoveries are made and new knowledge is born – the hope 20 years ago was that the advent of online platforms would make research articles universally available. It would also bring down the cost of publishing scholarly journals and, consequently, begin to reduce the multimillion dollar subscription costs borne by universities and other research institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, articles are not readily available to everyone, subscription costs have continued to rise, and subscribers’ rights have eroded, including what they can do with articles they buy and their ability to provide long-term access to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened to sharing knowledge with the people who need it, funded or created it?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Model for the Digital Age\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Maybe it’s time to just blow up the whole system and start over. But today’s scholarly system of sharing knowledge evolved over hundreds of years and contains certain qualities – peer review of accuracy, editorial judgment, long-term preservation – that still matter deeply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While research products – books, journals and articles – would definitely benefit from modernization in the digital age, we at the University of California are focusing on fixing the business model first. Paywalls and online subscriptions may make sense in other parts of the media ecosystem, but it’s not a good model for academic publishing, where authors and reviewers are paid by universities and research grants (with public money) rather than by publishers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11761672\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-800x417.jpg\" alt=\" The open access movement would get rid of paywalls and let anyone read anything for free. \" width=\"800\" height=\"417\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11761672\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-800x417.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-160x83.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-1020x532.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The open access movement would get rid of paywalls and let anyone read anything for free. \u003ccite>(Inked Pixels/Shutterstock.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, the academy has another option for a publishing business model that can better achieve the promise of the internet: open access. In that model, authors, or their funders or institutions, pay the publisher a fee to cover the cost of publishing each article. In exchange, the articles are made freely available for everyone to read online, anywhere, anytime. Article quality is preserved by the same unpaid peer-review system. Libraries at research institutions could shift their payments from licenses and subscriptions to publication fees for their affiliated authors. The cost is theoretically the same, but everyone can read everything for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California has long \u003ca href=\"https://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/open-access-at-uc/open-access-policy/\">supported the ideals of open access\u003c/a> – allowing everyone in the world to access the knowledge created by its faculty and researchers, for the benefit of all. In fact, since open access became an option for publishing, more and more UC authors, following the \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375\">global trend\u003c/a>, have independently chosen to pay their publisher a fee in order to make their article freely available to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those fees come on top of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/why-uc-split-publishing-giant-elsevier\">tens of millions of dollars\u003c/a> that the university is already paying the publisher for access to the same articles. This “\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-science-of-the-tax-dollar-double-dip-1459379449\">double dipping\u003c/a>” by publishers was the final straw in UC’s resolve to change the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several years ago, \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_Sp-B_0AAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao\">I worked\u003c/a> with colleagues within the University of California and other academic research institutions to study the \u003ca href=\"https://www.library.ucdavis.edu/icis/uc-pay-it-forward-project/\">costs of publishing with this open access model\u003c/a>. We found that, while costs would shift and more research-grant funds may need to be applied to publishing fees, \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284316481\">overall it would be affordable\u003c/a> for research universities, at least in North America where libraries are relatively well funded. With these results, UC could see a way out of its dilemma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When UC’s contract with Elsevier was up for renewal, we resolved to put our ideas into practice and pursue the twin goals of increasing open access to UC’s research while containing or lowering our journal-related costs – and finally achieving something of the promise of the internet. While I was not on UC’s negotiating team, I was among the group of faculty and library leaders that worked closely with them and decided to take this step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, UC’s researchers will have to find other ways to get Elsevier journal articles than the online access they have become accustomed to. Many of those articles are already \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-scientist.com/daily-news/open-access-on-the-rise-study-31125\">freely available\u003c/a> on the web and the rest can be borrowed from libraries or requested from authors. There are also a growing number of tools like \u003ca href=\"https://unpaywall.org/\">Unpaywall\u003c/a>, which searches the web for free copies of articles, to help researchers with that transition. But for busy researchers with little time to spare, convenience is king, and they’ll likely soon learn from experience why achieving 100% open access to research articles is so important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC’s goals are ambitious and their implementation will be complex. Changing a system this intricate is akin to modernizing the FAA’s air traffic control system – a million planes are in the air at any moment and altering anything can have serious consequences elsewhere. But we have to start somewhere or the whole system is at risk, and UC has placed its bet. We join an expanding \u003ca href=\"https://oa2020.org/mission/#eois\">global movement\u003c/a>, and we believe we’re now on the path to a better system for sharing knowledge in the 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is an updated version of \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/university-of-californias-break-with-the-biggest-academic-publisher-could-shake-up-scholarly-publishing-for-good-112941\">an article\u003c/a> originally published on March 7, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is republished from \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com\">The Conversation\u003c/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/university-of-californias-showdown-with-the-biggest-academic-publisher-aims-to-change-scholarly-publishing-for-good-120323\">original article\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/mackenzie-smith-455658\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MacKenzie Smith\u003c/a> is university librarian and vice provost for digital scholarship at UC Davis.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, academic publisher Elsevier \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2019/07/11/elsevier-ends-journal-access-uc-system\">shuttered\u003c/a> the University of California’s online access to current journal articles. It’s the latest move in the high stakes \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-uc-elsevier-20190711-story.html\">standoff\u003c/a> between Elsevier, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-hiltzik-uc-elsevier-20181207-story.html\">world’s largest publisher of scholarly research\u003c/a>, and the University of California, whose scholars \u003ca href=\"https://accountability.universityofcalifornia.edu/2018/chapters/chapter-9.html\">produce about 10% \u003c/a>of the nation’s research publications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last February, Elsevier chose to continue providing access to journals via its \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com\">ScienceDirect\u003c/a> online platform after UC’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/uc-terminates-subscriptions-worlds-largest-scientific-publisher-push-open-access-publicly\">subscription expired\u003c/a> and negotiations broke down. With its instant access now cut off, the UC research community will learn firsthand what it’s like to rely on the open web and other means of accessing critical research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC-Elsevier showdown made headlines because it’s symptomatic of the way the internet has failed to deliver on the promise to make knowledge easily accessible and shareable by anyone, anywhere in the world. It’s the latest in a succession of cracks in what is widely considered to be a \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchinformation.info/news/new-report-warns-%E2%80%98failing-system%E2%80%99-scholarly-publishing\">failing system\u003c/a> for sharing academic research. \u003ca href=\"https://leadership.ucdavis.edu/people/mackenzie-smith\">As the head of the research library at UC Davis\u003c/a>, I see this development as a \u003ca href=\"https://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/open-access-at-uc/publisher-negotiations/uc-and-elsevier-impact/\">harbinger of a tectonic shift\u003c/a> in how universities and their faculty share research, build reputations and preserve knowledge in the digital age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11761669\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-800x619.jpg\" alt=\"Accessing a journal no longer means going to a periodicals room.\" width=\"800\" height=\"619\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11761669\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-800x619.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-1020x789.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Accessing a journal no longer means going to a periodicals room. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"\">Newton W. Elwell\u003c/a>/Boston Public Library/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Moving From Stacks to Screens\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Here’s how things traditionally worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Universities have always subscribed to scientific journals so their researchers can study and build on the work that came before, and won’t needlessly duplicate research they never knew about. In the print age, university library shelves were lined with journals, available for any researcher or – in the case of public universities like the University of California – any member of the public to peruse and learn from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, for almost all journals, and a growing number of books, libraries sign contracts to license access to digital versions. Since academic publishers moved their journals online, it has become rare for libraries to subscribe to printed journals, and researchers have adapted to the convenience of accessing journal articles on the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new business model of licensing access to journals online rather than distributing them in print, for-profit publishers often lock libraries into bundled subscriptions that wrap the majority of a publisher’s portfolio of journals – \u003ca href=\"https://www.elsevier.com/books-and-journals\">almost 3,000 in Elsevier’s case\u003c/a> – into a single, multimillion dollar package. Rather than storing back issues on shelves, libraries can lose permanent access to journals when a contract expires. And members of the public can no longer read the library’s copy of a journal because the licenses are limited to members of the university. Now the public must buy online copies of academic articles for an average of $35 to $40 a pop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Under the new business model of licensing access to journals online rather than distributing them in print, for-profit publishers often lock libraries into bundled subscriptions that wrap the majority of a publisher’s portfolio of journals – almost 3,000 in Elsevier’s case – into a single, multimillion dollar package.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shift to digital has been good for researchers in many ways. It is far more convenient to search for articles online, and easier to access and download a copy – provided you work for an institution with a paid subscription. Modern software makes organizing and annotating them simpler, too. With all of these benefits, no one would advocate for going back to the old days of print journals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online access to journals did not improve the picture overall. Despite digital copies of articles costing nothing to duplicate and the cost of producing an article online being lower than in the past, the cost to libraries of licensing access to them has continued to experience \u003ca href=\"https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/5yr_ongoing-resource-expenditures_by_type.pdf\">hyperinflation\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/academic-journal-publishing-is-headed-for-a-day-of-reckoning-80869\">No library\u003c/a> can afford to license all the journals its faculty and students want access to, and many researchers around the world are shut out completely. Compounding the problem, \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127502\">consolidation in the scholarly publishing market\u003c/a> has reduced competition significantly, causing even more price inflexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Excessive Profits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Academic publishers certainly bear costs. They pay for professional editors and programmers, they manage the peer review process, they market their journals and so on. However, their revenues far exceed these costs and are among the highest of any companies in the world. Elsevier’s profit margin is reported to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/kittyknowles/2018/06/13/blockchain-science-iris-ai-project-aiur-elsevier-academic-journal-london-tech-week-cogx/\">nearly 40%\u003c/a>, far higher than even Apple at \u003ca href=\"https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/AAPL/apple/profit-margins\">around 23%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where social media platforms like Facebook profit from – and indeed, would not exist without – the content generated by users, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/mar/04/the-guardian-view-on-academic-publishing-disastrous-capitalism\">the parallel is true\u003c/a> for academic journals. Companies like Elsevier receive articles from university faculty and other researchers for free, summarizing research that was often publicly funded by government grants. Then other faculty and researchers serve on their editorial boards and peer-review those articles for free or a nominal fee. Finally the company publishes them in journals available only behind a paywall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s the rub: the paywall. The great promise of the internet was that it would make \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_wants_to_be_free\">knowledge more freely and easily accessible\u003c/a>. In the world of academic research – where new discoveries are made and new knowledge is born – the hope 20 years ago was that the advent of online platforms would make research articles universally available. It would also bring down the cost of publishing scholarly journals and, consequently, begin to reduce the multimillion dollar subscription costs borne by universities and other research institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, articles are not readily available to everyone, subscription costs have continued to rise, and subscribers’ rights have eroded, including what they can do with articles they buy and their ability to provide long-term access to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened to sharing knowledge with the people who need it, funded or created it?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Model for the Digital Age\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Maybe it’s time to just blow up the whole system and start over. But today’s scholarly system of sharing knowledge evolved over hundreds of years and contains certain qualities – peer review of accuracy, editorial judgment, long-term preservation – that still matter deeply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While research products – books, journals and articles – would definitely benefit from modernization in the digital age, we at the University of California are focusing on fixing the business model first. Paywalls and online subscriptions may make sense in other parts of the media ecosystem, but it’s not a good model for academic publishing, where authors and reviewers are paid by universities and research grants (with public money) rather than by publishers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11761672\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-800x417.jpg\" alt=\" The open access movement would get rid of paywalls and let anyone read anything for free. \" width=\"800\" height=\"417\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11761672\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-800x417.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-160x83.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-1020x532.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The open access movement would get rid of paywalls and let anyone read anything for free. \u003ccite>(Inked Pixels/Shutterstock.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, the academy has another option for a publishing business model that can better achieve the promise of the internet: open access. In that model, authors, or their funders or institutions, pay the publisher a fee to cover the cost of publishing each article. In exchange, the articles are made freely available for everyone to read online, anywhere, anytime. Article quality is preserved by the same unpaid peer-review system. Libraries at research institutions could shift their payments from licenses and subscriptions to publication fees for their affiliated authors. The cost is theoretically the same, but everyone can read everything for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California has long \u003ca href=\"https://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/open-access-at-uc/open-access-policy/\">supported the ideals of open access\u003c/a> – allowing everyone in the world to access the knowledge created by its faculty and researchers, for the benefit of all. In fact, since open access became an option for publishing, more and more UC authors, following the \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375\">global trend\u003c/a>, have independently chosen to pay their publisher a fee in order to make their article freely available to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those fees come on top of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/why-uc-split-publishing-giant-elsevier\">tens of millions of dollars\u003c/a> that the university is already paying the publisher for access to the same articles. This “\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-science-of-the-tax-dollar-double-dip-1459379449\">double dipping\u003c/a>” by publishers was the final straw in UC’s resolve to change the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several years ago, \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_Sp-B_0AAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao\">I worked\u003c/a> with colleagues within the University of California and other academic research institutions to study the \u003ca href=\"https://www.library.ucdavis.edu/icis/uc-pay-it-forward-project/\">costs of publishing with this open access model\u003c/a>. We found that, while costs would shift and more research-grant funds may need to be applied to publishing fees, \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284316481\">overall it would be affordable\u003c/a> for research universities, at least in North America where libraries are relatively well funded. With these results, UC could see a way out of its dilemma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When UC’s contract with Elsevier was up for renewal, we resolved to put our ideas into practice and pursue the twin goals of increasing open access to UC’s research while containing or lowering our journal-related costs – and finally achieving something of the promise of the internet. While I was not on UC’s negotiating team, I was among the group of faculty and library leaders that worked closely with them and decided to take this step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, UC’s researchers will have to find other ways to get Elsevier journal articles than the online access they have become accustomed to. Many of those articles are already \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-scientist.com/daily-news/open-access-on-the-rise-study-31125\">freely available\u003c/a> on the web and the rest can be borrowed from libraries or requested from authors. There are also a growing number of tools like \u003ca href=\"https://unpaywall.org/\">Unpaywall\u003c/a>, which searches the web for free copies of articles, to help researchers with that transition. But for busy researchers with little time to spare, convenience is king, and they’ll likely soon learn from experience why achieving 100% open access to research articles is so important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC’s goals are ambitious and their implementation will be complex. Changing a system this intricate is akin to modernizing the FAA’s air traffic control system – a million planes are in the air at any moment and altering anything can have serious consequences elsewhere. But we have to start somewhere or the whole system is at risk, and UC has placed its bet. We join an expanding \u003ca href=\"https://oa2020.org/mission/#eois\">global movement\u003c/a>, and we believe we’re now on the path to a better system for sharing knowledge in the 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is an updated version of \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/university-of-californias-break-with-the-biggest-academic-publisher-could-shake-up-scholarly-publishing-for-good-112941\">an article\u003c/a> originally published on March 7, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is republished from \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com\">The Conversation\u003c/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/university-of-californias-showdown-with-the-biggest-academic-publisher-aims-to-change-scholarly-publishing-for-good-120323\">original article\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "should-college-athletes-profit-from-their-prowess-california-may-say-yes-ncaa-says-no",
"title": "Should College Athletes Profit From Their Prowess? California May Say Yes, NCAA Says No",
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"headTitle": "Should College Athletes Profit From Their Prowess? California May Say Yes, NCAA Says No | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hayley Hodson’s volleyball career took off when she was still in high school, with an invitation to compete on the U.S. Women’s National Team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Hayley Hodson, former member of Stanford volleyball team']‘My dreams of playing in the Olympics are over. It has been a devastating and difficult, not to mention expensive, journey.’[/pullquote]As she traveled the world winning medals, the Newport Beach student took care not to run afoul of NCAA eligibility rules barring prospective college athletes from accepting financial compensation, her sights still set on playing for a top school. She turned down an endorsement deal with a sunglasses brand and the stipend offered to her teammates, she says, telling herself there would be time later to play professionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But later never came for Hodson, who suffered a career-ending head injury on the court during her freshman year at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dreams of playing in the Olympics are over,” Hodson, 22, said in an email. “It has been a devastating and difficult, not to mention expensive, journey.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s how Hodson found herself testifying this spring in the California Senate in support of the “Fair Pay to Play Act,” which would allow student athletes to profit from the use of their name, image or likeness. Authored by Sen. Nancy Skinner, the bill would directly contradict NCAA policies enforcing amateurism in college sports, and is the latest front in an ongoing battle over student athlete compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past controversies have focused on whether men’s football and basketball stars should share in the revenue they generate for what has become a multi-billion-dollar college sports industry. Skinner, however, is making the novel argument that the students most likely to benefit from her bill are those on the lower rungs of the athletic-industrial complex — female athletes, those in low-profile sports, and even community college players. Those students, she says, often don’t receive athletic scholarships and might never go pro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While they’re in college is the time when their reputation is the largest, their athletic prowess is the greatest, and they haven’t been injured yet,” Skinner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11756875']The NCAA set up a working group in May to study whether to change its policies on paid endorsements, and the University of California, California State University, and the Association of Independent California Colleges and Universities — the trade group representing the state’s private colleges — have all come out against Skinner’s proposal. The schools cite concerns that their athletes could be barred from competition if California takes action before the NCAA finishes its review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC also raised another fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Allowing student-athletes to receive compensation from outside sponsors would jeopardize the University’s existing sponsorship agreements, leading to budget cuts … ,” the university’s legislative director wrote in a letter to lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759241\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11759241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut.jpg 1040w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. \u003ccite>(Jack Rosenfeld via Creative Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sports are big business at the University of California and other colleges with Division 1 teams. The two highest-earning employees at UC in 2017 were athletic coaches, each making more than $2.5 million that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some athletes “don’t have enough money to go home and see their family, yet they see their coaches driving away in $100,000 cars,” said Eddie Comeaux, a professor of higher education at UC Riverside who studies college athletics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness in a video game without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. Scholarships now can include books, transportation and unlimited meal plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not every athlete benefits, though. Just over half of Division 1 players receive athletic scholarships, according to the NCAA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Nancy Lough, University of Nevada Las Vegas professor']‘I don’t see that these athletes are going to get wealthy because this bill is passed.’[/pullquote]At California’s community colleges, football players from around the country flock to a separate league, hoping to be noticed by a Division 1 recruiter while they work on their academic or athletic qualifications. Out-of-state students pay higher tuition at community colleges, as much as $7,000 per year depending on the campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first it was real tough, you know, not being on a scholarship, having to pay for everything out here already,” said BJ Williams, a defensive back who relocated from Florida to play at Mt. San Antonio College. “That’s a lot of money out of pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams said he shared a three-bedroom apartment with six other students to save on rent. His football schedule, he said, didn’t allow time for a part-time job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner argues that Williams and other less-high-profile athletes could earn sponsorships from their hometown businesses if her bill passes. If they’re lucky enough to star in a video that goes viral — like UCLA gymnast Katelyn Ohashi did earlier this year — they could monetize that. The bill would prevent colleges or the NCAA from taking action against athletes who pursue such opportunities, or who contract with agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how many of those opportunities would actually pan out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got the rare cases, like [former Duke basketball player] Zion Williamson, where companies would be lined up,” said Nancy Lough, a University of Nevada Las Vegas professor and former collegiate coach who studies gender and marketing in college sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beyond that, I think we’re talking small potatoes here. There may be a local car dealership where the community really resonates with the athlete and they decide to sponsor them. I don’t see that these athletes are going to get wealthy because this bill is passed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='BJ Williams, a defensive back who relocated from Florida to play at Mt. San Antonio College']‘At first it was real tough, you know, not being on a scholarship, having to pay for everything out here already.’[/pullquote]Probably the biggest impact if the legislation passes, said Lough, is that “NCAA committees would get busier and more intentional on deciding how they’re actually going to deal with this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’d have time: The measure wouldn’t take effect until 2023. It is scheduled to be heard by the Assembly’s higher education committee July 9.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearing comes after NCAA President Mark Emmert wrote to another Assembly committee, urging it to delay the bill. The legislation “threatens to alter materially the principles of intercollegiate athletics and create local differences that would make it impossible to host fair national championships,” Emmert wrote in what some saw as a veiled threat to exclude California teams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee passed SB 206 anyway, but staffers added an unusually vivid warning to the typically — dry legislative analysis that accompanies each bill. “Beyond this,” they wrote, “there be dragons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Student journalist Andres Soto of CALmatters’ Cost of College project contributed reporting. This story and other higher education coverage are supported by the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Should College Athletes Profit From Their Prowess? California May Say Yes, NCAA Says No | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hayley Hodson’s volleyball career took off when she was still in high school, with an invitation to compete on the U.S. Women’s National Team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As she traveled the world winning medals, the Newport Beach student took care not to run afoul of NCAA eligibility rules barring prospective college athletes from accepting financial compensation, her sights still set on playing for a top school. She turned down an endorsement deal with a sunglasses brand and the stipend offered to her teammates, she says, telling herself there would be time later to play professionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But later never came for Hodson, who suffered a career-ending head injury on the court during her freshman year at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dreams of playing in the Olympics are over,” Hodson, 22, said in an email. “It has been a devastating and difficult, not to mention expensive, journey.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s how Hodson found herself testifying this spring in the California Senate in support of the “Fair Pay to Play Act,” which would allow student athletes to profit from the use of their name, image or likeness. Authored by Sen. Nancy Skinner, the bill would directly contradict NCAA policies enforcing amateurism in college sports, and is the latest front in an ongoing battle over student athlete compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past controversies have focused on whether men’s football and basketball stars should share in the revenue they generate for what has become a multi-billion-dollar college sports industry. Skinner, however, is making the novel argument that the students most likely to benefit from her bill are those on the lower rungs of the athletic-industrial complex — female athletes, those in low-profile sports, and even community college players. Those students, she says, often don’t receive athletic scholarships and might never go pro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While they’re in college is the time when their reputation is the largest, their athletic prowess is the greatest, and they haven’t been injured yet,” Skinner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The NCAA set up a working group in May to study whether to change its policies on paid endorsements, and the University of California, California State University, and the Association of Independent California Colleges and Universities — the trade group representing the state’s private colleges — have all come out against Skinner’s proposal. The schools cite concerns that their athletes could be barred from competition if California takes action before the NCAA finishes its review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC also raised another fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Allowing student-athletes to receive compensation from outside sponsors would jeopardize the University’s existing sponsorship agreements, leading to budget cuts … ,” the university’s legislative director wrote in a letter to lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759241\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11759241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut.jpg 1040w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. \u003ccite>(Jack Rosenfeld via Creative Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sports are big business at the University of California and other colleges with Division 1 teams. The two highest-earning employees at UC in 2017 were athletic coaches, each making more than $2.5 million that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some athletes “don’t have enough money to go home and see their family, yet they see their coaches driving away in $100,000 cars,” said Eddie Comeaux, a professor of higher education at UC Riverside who studies college athletics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness in a video game without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. Scholarships now can include books, transportation and unlimited meal plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not every athlete benefits, though. Just over half of Division 1 players receive athletic scholarships, according to the NCAA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At California’s community colleges, football players from around the country flock to a separate league, hoping to be noticed by a Division 1 recruiter while they work on their academic or athletic qualifications. Out-of-state students pay higher tuition at community colleges, as much as $7,000 per year depending on the campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first it was real tough, you know, not being on a scholarship, having to pay for everything out here already,” said BJ Williams, a defensive back who relocated from Florida to play at Mt. San Antonio College. “That’s a lot of money out of pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams said he shared a three-bedroom apartment with six other students to save on rent. His football schedule, he said, didn’t allow time for a part-time job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner argues that Williams and other less-high-profile athletes could earn sponsorships from their hometown businesses if her bill passes. If they’re lucky enough to star in a video that goes viral — like UCLA gymnast Katelyn Ohashi did earlier this year — they could monetize that. The bill would prevent colleges or the NCAA from taking action against athletes who pursue such opportunities, or who contract with agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how many of those opportunities would actually pan out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got the rare cases, like [former Duke basketball player] Zion Williamson, where companies would be lined up,” said Nancy Lough, a University of Nevada Las Vegas professor and former collegiate coach who studies gender and marketing in college sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beyond that, I think we’re talking small potatoes here. There may be a local car dealership where the community really resonates with the athlete and they decide to sponsor them. I don’t see that these athletes are going to get wealthy because this bill is passed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"order": 9
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
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"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
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},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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