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"content": "\u003cp>Skip to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#questions\">What questions do you have about COVID vaccines for kids?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Many parents and caregivers of young children have been eagerly waiting for U.S. health officials to officially authorize the Pfizer COVID vaccine for kids age 5-11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wondering when the vaccine will be available for kids? Depending on whether the CDC makes their final decision this week, children age 5-11 could begin getting vaccinations as early as next week, with the first little ones in line to be fully vaccinated by mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As California \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11894030/california-prepares-for-rollout-of-pfizer-vaccine-for-younger-kids-ahead-of-likely-cdc-approval\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">prepares for a statewide vaccine rollout for kids\u003c/a>, we know you may be wanting to gather as much information as you can about vaccinating the young kids in your home against COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we’re here to answer your questions, to help you and your loved ones feel prepared about children’s Pfizer COVID vaccines. Send us your question below, and you could see it answered in KQED’s reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"questions\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nWhat questions do you have about children’s COVID-19 vaccines?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>[hearken id=\"8833\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/8833.js\"]\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Skip to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#questions\">What questions do you have about COVID vaccines for kids?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Many parents and caregivers of young children have been eagerly waiting for U.S. health officials to officially authorize the Pfizer COVID vaccine for kids age 5-11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wondering when the vaccine will be available for kids? Depending on whether the CDC makes their final decision this week, children age 5-11 could begin getting vaccinations as early as next week, with the first little ones in line to be fully vaccinated by mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As California \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11894030/california-prepares-for-rollout-of-pfizer-vaccine-for-younger-kids-ahead-of-likely-cdc-approval\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">prepares for a statewide vaccine rollout for kids\u003c/a>, we know you may be wanting to gather as much information as you can about vaccinating the young kids in your home against COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we’re here to answer your questions, to help you and your loved ones feel prepared about children’s Pfizer COVID vaccines. Send us your question below, and you could see it answered in KQED’s reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"questions\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nWhat questions do you have about children’s COVID-19 vaccines?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "U.S. Hospitals Are Desperate for More Nurses, But Nursing Schools Are Struggling to Meet Demand",
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"content": "\u003cp>Struggle is nothing new to Foxx Whitford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He grew up desperately poor in Fairfield, losing a beloved brother to epilepsy and getting evicted from his home as a child. As a teenager, he joined the Marines to help put himself through college and completed a harrowing tour in Afghanistan. All of that hardship, he says, prepared him for one of his biggest life challenges: getting into and through nursing school during a pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every time things get hard, I always think about all those losses and hard times,” says Whitford, a nursing student at California State University, East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And everything about his nurse training has been hard. Whitford, a C-average student in high school, says he spent sleepless nights in community college, studying and teaching himself to learn. After nearly failing an anatomy course, he eventually made the dean’s list and won student-athlete awards. Still, when he tried to transfer to a four-year Bachelor of Science in nursing program, he lost out. There were some 800 others applying for 64 slots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He waited a year to reapply and finally got in. Then the pandemic hit, making it even more difficult to get the clinical experience he needs to graduate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the country, hospitals desperate for nurses — especially in acute care —are trying to address intense burnout among health care workers and accelerated nurse retirements by hiring new graduates. They’re offering jobs to students even before they graduate, and in many cases offering bonuses and loan repayment as financial incentives. And the interest is there; \u003ca href=\"https://www.aacnnursing.org/News-Information/Press-Releases/View/ArticleId/24802/2020-survey-data-student-enrollment\">enrollments and applications in baccalaureate and advanced nursing degree programs increased last year\u003c/a>. Leaders in nursing say the trends — which predate the pandemic — are the same for certificate programs in licensed practical nursing, licensed vocational nursing and certified nursing assistant programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet — paradoxically — becoming a nurse has become more difficult, narrowing the pipeline for new nurses coming through the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A lack of instructors is part of the problem\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest bottlenecks in the system is long-standing: There are not enough people who teach nursing. Educators in the field are required to have advanced degrees, yet typically earn about half that of a nurse working the floor of a hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pandemic worsened those financial strains, forcing many educators to look for more lucrative work, says \u003ca href=\"http://www1.marin.edu/news/new-administrative-appointments\">Sharon Goldfarb\u003c/a>, who has advanced degrees in nursing care, has worked as an RN and family nurse practitioner and teaches nursing at several schools near San Francisco. Her spouse lost his job during the pandemic — one of the most common reasons educators are leaving, she says. She surveyed 91 community colleges in California and found that nursing faculty declined 30% since the pandemic began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To lose an additional 30% has been devastating,” she says. “There is not a school I know of that isn’t desperately looking for nursing faculty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That desperation is compounded by an aging demographic. With so many in their late 50s and 60s, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nursingoutlook.org/article/S0029-6554(16)30314-1/fulltext\">the country’s nursing faculty is continuing to decline, to about two-thirds what it was in 2015\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taken together, those factors are severely limiting the number of students that schools can accept, and in some cases it disrupts classes themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some schools went on hiatus. Some schools reduced their enrollment, so they took even fewer students. Some schools … scrambled so much, they actually have to extend semesters,” Goldfarb says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The pandemic curtailed training programs\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In addition, since the beginning of the pandemic, nursing students have had a harder time getting the clinical or hands-on training required to graduate, because hospitals curtailed their training programs to control the risk of infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Faculties and schools have found ways to innovate, to educate students by the use of the internet, distance learning and simulation labs,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.montana.edu/nursing/directory/bozeman/1791290/peter-buerhaus\">Peter Buerhaus\u003c/a>, a professor and health economist at Montana State University’s College of Nursing who studies the nursing workforce. Those innovations have helped mitigate the impact of the pandemic on education, he says, but schools aren’t like factories that can ramp up their production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nursing shortage, he says, was more acute in the 1990s, when hospitals drastically cut back on staff to cut costs. But with the retirement of baby boomers, the influx of new nurses needs to keep up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, enrollment in baccalaureate and higher-level nursing degree programs increased, but colleges and universities (not including community college nursing programs) \u003ca href=\"https://www.aacnnursing.org/News-Information/Press-Releases/View/ArticleId/24802/2020-survey-data-student-enrollment\">still turned away more than 80,000 qualified applicants due to shortages of faculty, clinical sites and other resources\u003c/a>, according to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How one applicant persevered\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Whitford, the nursing student aiming to become an RN, is getting even more specialized training as an ER nurse. He says many people ask him how he has persevered through the gauntlet of nursing school. “‘Everything I have, I’ve always had to work extremely hard for,'” he says he tells them.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"nurses,covid-19,health care\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At age 10, shortly after his brother — whom he describes as his “best friend” and idol — died of epilepsy, Whitford started working at a bowling alley to supplement his father’s truck-driving income. “We had to struggle a lot when I was growing up, in terms of getting food on the table,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His early childhood tested him, he says, and ultimately deepened his resolve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pursuing nursing,” he says, “was my ticket to doing everything that I wanted.” And that meant getting out of poverty and into meaningful work he loved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His childhood experiences also made him feel comfortable in chaos. So when the pandemic hit, Whitford became even more eager to join the front lines: “I like being in tents outside in [expletive] conditions — terrible stuff that people don’t want to do,” he says. “I’m not always the strongest in those conditions, but I like working through them, so that way I can learn how to be strong in those situations. Because I feel like, a lot of times when things go wrong, people would look to me for answers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many others, though, the path to nursing is too steep.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Financial strain often gets in the way\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Over the past 15 years, Nathan Ballenger, 46, has tried three separate times to enroll in nursing school. He’s harbored lifelong dreams of a career in medicine, which the Colorado native considers heroic work. During the pandemic, he even got certified as an emergency medical technician, hoping that would give him a foot in the door and an advantage over his fellow nursing school applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the cost and difficulties of a nursing degree program and training — and the pay cut he would have had to take compared to what he earns at his current sales job — meant he simply couldn’t afford to go in that direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard for me to say that I see a path toward that,” he says, “regardless of the fact that I hold it in my mind and in my heart as something that I sure wish I could have done in this lifetime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals recognize the need to lower some of the barriers to becoming a nurse, while maintaining high standards of education, training and patient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals are not only offering full scholarships and loan repayment to recruit registered nurses these days, but many also are offering to put new graduates through intensive training to acquire special skills, says Robin Begley, CEO of the American Organization for Nursing Leadership and chief nursing officer and senior vice president of workforce for the American Hospital Association. Many hospitals also are partnering with nursing schools to do what they can to widen the pipeline by allowing hospital nurses to take time off to teach, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really have to put a real emphasis on the pipeline and making sure that everybody who wants to become a nurse has the opportunity to be able to secure a position in a nursing program,” Begley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+U.S.+needs+more+nurses%2C+but+nursing+schools+don%27t+have+enough+slots&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the country, hospitals desperate for nurses — especially in acute care —are trying to address intense burnout among health care workers and accelerated nurse retirements by hiring new graduates. They’re offering jobs to students even before they graduate, and in many cases offering bonuses and loan repayment as financial incentives. And the interest is there; \u003ca href=\"https://www.aacnnursing.org/News-Information/Press-Releases/View/ArticleId/24802/2020-survey-data-student-enrollment\">enrollments and applications in baccalaureate and advanced nursing degree programs increased last year\u003c/a>. Leaders in nursing say the trends — which predate the pandemic — are the same for certificate programs in licensed practical nursing, licensed vocational nursing and certified nursing assistant programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet — paradoxically — becoming a nurse has become more difficult, narrowing the pipeline for new nurses coming through the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A lack of instructors is part of the problem\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest bottlenecks in the system is long-standing: There are not enough people who teach nursing. Educators in the field are required to have advanced degrees, yet typically earn about half that of a nurse working the floor of a hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pandemic worsened those financial strains, forcing many educators to look for more lucrative work, says \u003ca href=\"http://www1.marin.edu/news/new-administrative-appointments\">Sharon Goldfarb\u003c/a>, who has advanced degrees in nursing care, has worked as an RN and family nurse practitioner and teaches nursing at several schools near San Francisco. Her spouse lost his job during the pandemic — one of the most common reasons educators are leaving, she says. She surveyed 91 community colleges in California and found that nursing faculty declined 30% since the pandemic began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To lose an additional 30% has been devastating,” she says. “There is not a school I know of that isn’t desperately looking for nursing faculty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That desperation is compounded by an aging demographic. With so many in their late 50s and 60s, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nursingoutlook.org/article/S0029-6554(16)30314-1/fulltext\">the country’s nursing faculty is continuing to decline, to about two-thirds what it was in 2015\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taken together, those factors are severely limiting the number of students that schools can accept, and in some cases it disrupts classes themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some schools went on hiatus. Some schools reduced their enrollment, so they took even fewer students. Some schools … scrambled so much, they actually have to extend semesters,” Goldfarb says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The pandemic curtailed training programs\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In addition, since the beginning of the pandemic, nursing students have had a harder time getting the clinical or hands-on training required to graduate, because hospitals curtailed their training programs to control the risk of infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Faculties and schools have found ways to innovate, to educate students by the use of the internet, distance learning and simulation labs,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.montana.edu/nursing/directory/bozeman/1791290/peter-buerhaus\">Peter Buerhaus\u003c/a>, a professor and health economist at Montana State University’s College of Nursing who studies the nursing workforce. Those innovations have helped mitigate the impact of the pandemic on education, he says, but schools aren’t like factories that can ramp up their production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nursing shortage, he says, was more acute in the 1990s, when hospitals drastically cut back on staff to cut costs. But with the retirement of baby boomers, the influx of new nurses needs to keep up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, enrollment in baccalaureate and higher-level nursing degree programs increased, but colleges and universities (not including community college nursing programs) \u003ca href=\"https://www.aacnnursing.org/News-Information/Press-Releases/View/ArticleId/24802/2020-survey-data-student-enrollment\">still turned away more than 80,000 qualified applicants due to shortages of faculty, clinical sites and other resources\u003c/a>, according to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How one applicant persevered\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Whitford, the nursing student aiming to become an RN, is getting even more specialized training as an ER nurse. He says many people ask him how he has persevered through the gauntlet of nursing school. “‘Everything I have, I’ve always had to work extremely hard for,'” he says he tells them.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At age 10, shortly after his brother — whom he describes as his “best friend” and idol — died of epilepsy, Whitford started working at a bowling alley to supplement his father’s truck-driving income. “We had to struggle a lot when I was growing up, in terms of getting food on the table,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His early childhood tested him, he says, and ultimately deepened his resolve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pursuing nursing,” he says, “was my ticket to doing everything that I wanted.” And that meant getting out of poverty and into meaningful work he loved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His childhood experiences also made him feel comfortable in chaos. So when the pandemic hit, Whitford became even more eager to join the front lines: “I like being in tents outside in [expletive] conditions — terrible stuff that people don’t want to do,” he says. “I’m not always the strongest in those conditions, but I like working through them, so that way I can learn how to be strong in those situations. Because I feel like, a lot of times when things go wrong, people would look to me for answers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many others, though, the path to nursing is too steep.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Financial strain often gets in the way\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Over the past 15 years, Nathan Ballenger, 46, has tried three separate times to enroll in nursing school. He’s harbored lifelong dreams of a career in medicine, which the Colorado native considers heroic work. During the pandemic, he even got certified as an emergency medical technician, hoping that would give him a foot in the door and an advantage over his fellow nursing school applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the cost and difficulties of a nursing degree program and training — and the pay cut he would have had to take compared to what he earns at his current sales job — meant he simply couldn’t afford to go in that direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard for me to say that I see a path toward that,” he says, “regardless of the fact that I hold it in my mind and in my heart as something that I sure wish I could have done in this lifetime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals recognize the need to lower some of the barriers to becoming a nurse, while maintaining high standards of education, training and patient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals are not only offering full scholarships and loan repayment to recruit registered nurses these days, but many also are offering to put new graduates through intensive training to acquire special skills, says Robin Begley, CEO of the American Organization for Nursing Leadership and chief nursing officer and senior vice president of workforce for the American Hospital Association. Many hospitals also are partnering with nursing schools to do what they can to widen the pipeline by allowing hospital nurses to take time off to teach, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really have to put a real emphasis on the pipeline and making sure that everybody who wants to become a nurse has the opportunity to be able to secure a position in a nursing program,” Begley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+U.S.+needs+more+nurses%2C+but+nursing+schools+don%27t+have+enough+slots&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Federal health regulators said late Friday that kid-size doses of Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine appear highly effective at preventing symptomatic infections in elementary school children and caused no unexpected safety issues, as the U.S. weighs beginning vaccinations in youngsters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration posted its analysis of Pfizer’s data ahead of a public meeting next week to debate whether the shots are ready for the nation’s roughly 28 million children age 5 to 11. The agency will ask a panel of outside vaccine experts to vote on that question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their analysis, FDA scientists concluded that in almost every scenario the vaccine’s benefit for preventing hospitalizations and death from COVID-19 would outweigh any serious potential side effects in children. But agency reviewers stopped short of calling for Pfizer’s shot to be authorized. [aside postID=\"science_1976827\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency will put that question to its panel of independent advisers next Tuesday and weigh their advice before making its own decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the FDA authorizes the shots, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will make additional recommendations on who should receive them the first week of November. Children could begin getting vaccinations early next month — with the first youngsters in line fully protected by mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Full-strength Pfizer shots already are recommended for anyone 12 or older, but pediatricians and many parents are anxiously awaiting protection for younger children to stem infections from the extra-contagious delta variant and help keep kids in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]The FDA review affirmed results from Pfizer posted earlier in the day showing that the two-dose shot was nearly 91% effective at preventing symptomatic infection in young children. [/pullquote]\u003cbr>\nThe FDA review affirmed results from Pfizer posted earlier in the day showing that the two-dose shot was nearly 91% effective at preventing symptomatic infection in young children. Researchers calculated the figure based on 16 COVID-19 cases in youngsters given placebo shots versus three cases among vaccinated children. There were no severe illnesses reported among any of the youngsters, but the vaccinated ones had much milder symptoms than their unvaccinated counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the study data was collected in the U.S. during August and September, when the delta variant had become the dominant COVID-19 strain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA review found no new or unexpected side effects. Those that did occur mostly consisted of sore arms, fever or achiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, FDA scientists noted that the study wasn’t large enough to detect extremely rare side effects, including myocarditis, a type of heart inflammation that occasionally occurs after the second dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency used statistical modeling to try to predict how many hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19 the vaccine would prevent versus the number of potential heart side effects it might cause. In four scenarios of the pandemic, the vaccine clearly prevented more hospitalizations than would be expected from the heart side effect. Only when virus cases were extremely low could the vaccine cause more hospitalizations than it would prevent. But overall, regulators concluded that the vaccine’s protective benefits “would clearly outweigh” its risks.[aside tag=\"pfizer\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While children run a lower risk of severe illness or death than older people, COVID-19 has killed more than 630 Americans 18 and under, according to the CDC. Nearly 6.2 million children have been infected with the coronavirus, more than 1.1 million in the last six weeks as the delta variant surged, the American Academy of Pediatrics says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has purchased enough kid-size doses — in special, orange-capped vials to distinguish them from adult vaccine — for the nation’s 5- to 11-year-olds. If the vaccine is cleared, millions of doses will be promptly shipped around the country, along with kid-size needles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 25,000 pediatricians and primary care providers already have signed up to get the shots into little arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>AP medical writer Lindsey Tanner contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>___\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Federal health regulators said late Friday that kid-size doses of Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine appear highly effective at preventing symptomatic infections in elementary school children and caused no unexpected safety issues, as the U.S. weighs beginning vaccinations in youngsters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration posted its analysis of Pfizer’s data ahead of a public meeting next week to debate whether the shots are ready for the nation’s roughly 28 million children age 5 to 11. The agency will ask a panel of outside vaccine experts to vote on that question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their analysis, FDA scientists concluded that in almost every scenario the vaccine’s benefit for preventing hospitalizations and death from COVID-19 would outweigh any serious potential side effects in children. But agency reviewers stopped short of calling for Pfizer’s shot to be authorized. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nThe FDA review affirmed results from Pfizer posted earlier in the day showing that the two-dose shot was nearly 91% effective at preventing symptomatic infection in young children. Researchers calculated the figure based on 16 COVID-19 cases in youngsters given placebo shots versus three cases among vaccinated children. There were no severe illnesses reported among any of the youngsters, but the vaccinated ones had much milder symptoms than their unvaccinated counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the study data was collected in the U.S. during August and September, when the delta variant had become the dominant COVID-19 strain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA review found no new or unexpected side effects. Those that did occur mostly consisted of sore arms, fever or achiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, FDA scientists noted that the study wasn’t large enough to detect extremely rare side effects, including myocarditis, a type of heart inflammation that occasionally occurs after the second dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency used statistical modeling to try to predict how many hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19 the vaccine would prevent versus the number of potential heart side effects it might cause. In four scenarios of the pandemic, the vaccine clearly prevented more hospitalizations than would be expected from the heart side effect. Only when virus cases were extremely low could the vaccine cause more hospitalizations than it would prevent. But overall, regulators concluded that the vaccine’s protective benefits “would clearly outweigh” its risks.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While children run a lower risk of severe illness or death than older people, COVID-19 has killed more than 630 Americans 18 and under, according to the CDC. Nearly 6.2 million children have been infected with the coronavirus, more than 1.1 million in the last six weeks as the delta variant surged, the American Academy of Pediatrics says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has purchased enough kid-size doses — in special, orange-capped vials to distinguish them from adult vaccine — for the nation’s 5- to 11-year-olds. If the vaccine is cleared, millions of doses will be promptly shipped around the country, along with kid-size needles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 25,000 pediatricians and primary care providers already have signed up to get the shots into little arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>AP medical writer Lindsey Tanner contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>___\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "One Step Closer: FDA Authorizes Moderna and J&J COVID Vaccine Boosters, With Expected CDC Review Thursday",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration on Wednesday authorized booster doses of both Moderna and Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move follows a unanimous vote last week by a committee of independent advisers who backed the boosters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a related decision, the FDA also said people can get boosters that are a different brand from the original vaccines they received. For instance, a person who got a Johnson & Johnson vaccine can get a booster from Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech (\u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-authorizes-booster-dose-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-certain-populations\">which was approved in September\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, a committee of advisers to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is scheduled to meet to discuss COVID-19 vaccine booster shots and make recommendations on their use. The CDC director makes the final call on vaccine guidelines, after which the rollout can officially begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The moves open the gate for boosters to be used more widely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The available data suggest waning immunity in some populations who are fully vaccinated,” Janet Woodcock, the acting FDA commissioner, said in a statement. “The availability of these authorized boosters is important for continued protection against COVID-19 disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.10.21264827v1\">study of the mix-and-match approach\u003c/a>, funded by the National Institutes of Health, found no safety concerns. Unmatched boosters were at least as good in stimulating antibodies as matched ones, the study found, and in some cases the mixed approach appeared to work much better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"booster-shots\"]By giving its blessing to the use of a vaccine combination, the FDA authorization could make it easier to give booster shots in nursing homes where residents haven’t all received the same original immunizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From a public health perspective, there’s a clear need in some situations for some individuals to receive a different vaccine,” said Dr. Amanda Cohn, chief medical officer at the CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, during last week’s FDA meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move could also make it easier for a wide range of people to get boosters, as any available shot would suffice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Mark Sawyer, a committee member from Rady Children’s Hospital in San Diego, applauded ease of access under the mix-and-match approach. “I’m sold already,” he said, during the committee’s deliberations. “And that’s because I agree completely with Dr. Cohn’s comments that we need flexibility and improved access for everybody, which the flexibility of being able to mix and match will allow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the CDC approves the Moderna authorization on Thursday, people who got the company’s two-shot vaccine at least six months beforehand could get a booster. Those eligible would be people 65 years and older, and people 18 to 64 who are either at high risk of severe COVID-19 or whose work or institutional exposure puts them at high risk of contracting the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA authorization comes after a committee of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/10/14/1046079675/experts-recommend-that-fda-should-authorize-moderna-covid-vaccine-booster\">advisers voted 19-0 in support of the booster\u003c/a> last Thursday. The scope of the Moderna authorization matches the one the FDA gave to Pfizer COVID-19 booster doses in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One difference: Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine booster is half the dose of the initial shots used in its two-shot vaccination: 50 micrograms of mRNA versus 100 micrograms per each initial shot. The Pfizer vaccine, meanwhile, uses a third identical dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/10/14/1046079675/experts-recommend-that-fda-should-authorize-moderna-covid-vaccine-booster\">FDA also authorized a booster dose of the J&J vaccine\u003c/a> that people 18 and older can get at least two months after initial immunization. A study published by the CDC in September showed \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7038e1.htm\">the J&J vaccine was about 68% effective\u003c/a> about a month after the shot in keeping people out of the hospital for COVID-19. By comparison, Moderna’s vaccine was 92% effective, and Pfizer’s 77%, about four months after.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several committee members noted that people were already getting booster doses and using a mix-and-match approach on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many Americans are taking matters into their own hands,” said Dr. Ofer Levy, a professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School. “I’m reading in the media that people are getting boosters or mixing different products through their primary care providers, or not revealing what they got before. In the real world, all these kinds of combinations of extra boosters are already happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#vaccinations_vacc-people-onedose-pop-12yr\">9 million people in the U.S. have received a Pfizer booster\u003c/a>, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC data also shows that more than 1.6 million people have received a Moderna booster and more than 11,000 another shot of the J&J vaccine — despite lacking official approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ofer asked the FDA to act quickly: “I think it’s a matter of some urgency for [the] FDA to help sort out what is admittedly a complicated and challenging scenario. We can’t hide from it. And I do think we need to give guidance to the public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+FDA+authorizes+Moderna+and+J%26J+COVID+vaccine+boosters&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration on Wednesday authorized booster doses of both Moderna and Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move follows a unanimous vote last week by a committee of independent advisers who backed the boosters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a related decision, the FDA also said people can get boosters that are a different brand from the original vaccines they received. For instance, a person who got a Johnson & Johnson vaccine can get a booster from Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech (\u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-authorizes-booster-dose-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-certain-populations\">which was approved in September\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, a committee of advisers to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is scheduled to meet to discuss COVID-19 vaccine booster shots and make recommendations on their use. The CDC director makes the final call on vaccine guidelines, after which the rollout can officially begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The moves open the gate for boosters to be used more widely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The available data suggest waning immunity in some populations who are fully vaccinated,” Janet Woodcock, the acting FDA commissioner, said in a statement. “The availability of these authorized boosters is important for continued protection against COVID-19 disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.10.21264827v1\">study of the mix-and-match approach\u003c/a>, funded by the National Institutes of Health, found no safety concerns. Unmatched boosters were at least as good in stimulating antibodies as matched ones, the study found, and in some cases the mixed approach appeared to work much better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>By giving its blessing to the use of a vaccine combination, the FDA authorization could make it easier to give booster shots in nursing homes where residents haven’t all received the same original immunizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From a public health perspective, there’s a clear need in some situations for some individuals to receive a different vaccine,” said Dr. Amanda Cohn, chief medical officer at the CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, during last week’s FDA meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move could also make it easier for a wide range of people to get boosters, as any available shot would suffice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Mark Sawyer, a committee member from Rady Children’s Hospital in San Diego, applauded ease of access under the mix-and-match approach. “I’m sold already,” he said, during the committee’s deliberations. “And that’s because I agree completely with Dr. Cohn’s comments that we need flexibility and improved access for everybody, which the flexibility of being able to mix and match will allow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the CDC approves the Moderna authorization on Thursday, people who got the company’s two-shot vaccine at least six months beforehand could get a booster. Those eligible would be people 65 years and older, and people 18 to 64 who are either at high risk of severe COVID-19 or whose work or institutional exposure puts them at high risk of contracting the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA authorization comes after a committee of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/10/14/1046079675/experts-recommend-that-fda-should-authorize-moderna-covid-vaccine-booster\">advisers voted 19-0 in support of the booster\u003c/a> last Thursday. The scope of the Moderna authorization matches the one the FDA gave to Pfizer COVID-19 booster doses in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One difference: Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine booster is half the dose of the initial shots used in its two-shot vaccination: 50 micrograms of mRNA versus 100 micrograms per each initial shot. The Pfizer vaccine, meanwhile, uses a third identical dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/10/14/1046079675/experts-recommend-that-fda-should-authorize-moderna-covid-vaccine-booster\">FDA also authorized a booster dose of the J&J vaccine\u003c/a> that people 18 and older can get at least two months after initial immunization. A study published by the CDC in September showed \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7038e1.htm\">the J&J vaccine was about 68% effective\u003c/a> about a month after the shot in keeping people out of the hospital for COVID-19. By comparison, Moderna’s vaccine was 92% effective, and Pfizer’s 77%, about four months after.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several committee members noted that people were already getting booster doses and using a mix-and-match approach on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many Americans are taking matters into their own hands,” said Dr. Ofer Levy, a professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School. “I’m reading in the media that people are getting boosters or mixing different products through their primary care providers, or not revealing what they got before. In the real world, all these kinds of combinations of extra boosters are already happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#vaccinations_vacc-people-onedose-pop-12yr\">9 million people in the U.S. have received a Pfizer booster\u003c/a>, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC data also shows that more than 1.6 million people have received a Moderna booster and more than 11,000 another shot of the J&J vaccine — despite lacking official approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ofer asked the FDA to act quickly: “I think it’s a matter of some urgency for [the] FDA to help sort out what is admittedly a complicated and challenging scenario. We can’t hide from it. And I do think we need to give guidance to the public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+FDA+authorizes+Moderna+and+J%26J+COVID+vaccine+boosters&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "will-october-rain-end-fire-season-and-the-drought-what-wet-weather-means-for-the-bay-area",
"title": "Will October Rain End Fire Season and the Drought? What Wet Weather Means for the Bay Area",
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"content": "\u003cp>Skip to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#resources\">Where can I find the latest on Bay Area weather?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#alerts\">How do I sign up for emergency weather updates?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>A series of heavy storms has hit the Bay Area and Northern California and is expected to continue through the weekend, bringing potentially record-breaking amounts of rain of up to 7 inches in parched parts of the state. The rains coming later this week could be the biggest storms the state’s Central Valley region has seen in nine months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local residents got a taste of what’s coming over the weekend when smaller storms sprinkled some areas in the valley while dumping 10 inches of snow in higher elevations of the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is definitely going to be one of those ground-soaking events,” said Emily Heller, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement from the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services Tuesday, officials advised that all Californians should be prepared. Officials are most concerned about mudslides in areas with burn scars from the Caldor and Dixie fires. The most dangerous conditions occur hours after a storm when the rain stops and water is absorbed into the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#alerts\">If you’re concerned about weather conditions in your area, sign up for alerts through your county.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n\u003cp lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">A series of weather system will bring periods of light to moderate rainfall ️ to the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/BayArea?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#BayArea\u003c/a> & \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/CentralCoast?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#CentralCoast\u003c/a> through Friday. A more potent atmospheric river then takes aim on the region late in the weekend with widespread rainfall and gusty winds. Stay tuned!⚠️\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/CAwx?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#CAwx\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/BayAreaWX?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#BayAreaWX\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/usmXHUzWfk\">pic.twitter.com/usmXHUzWfk\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— NWS Bay Area (@NWSBayArea) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1450800366941990912?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 20, 2021\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In anticipation of more wet weather, KQED host Natalia Navarro sat down with reporter Dan Brekke to find out what storms could mean for California’s drought and the fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This interview from Oct. 19 has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Natalia Navarro: What is significant about this forecast?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dan Brekke\u003c/strong>: It’s a huge relief to people just to see rain, period, after our usual summer dry spell. But we’re also in a really serious, prolonged drought. I think the main thing that we’re going to see is a lot of rain. We’re going to get one round of rain coming in tonight into tomorrow, another one Thursday into Friday, and then over the weekend starting Sunday and into Monday. [We could see] potentially really heavy rains that could fall across most of the northern half of the state. This is an opportunity — perhaps — to see the end of the fire season that has also been pretty rough on the state all year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How much rain can the Bay Area expect?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It depends on where you are. Around the Bay Area, the rainiest locations are in northern Sonoma County and in the Santa Cruz Mountains, and those places could see — by the end of this whole series of storms — more than 6 inches of rain. [In] San Francisco, Oakland, Richmond, we could see maybe 3 to 4 inches of rain, which is a lot for October. We’ll see much less in the South Bay and further south.\u003cbr>\n[aside postID=science_1935067 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/atmoriver.png']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you expand out and start to look beyond, there’s going to be really heavy rain in the Feather River watershed — where Lake Oroville is, around Shasta Lake and at the head of the Sacramento River. And in the northern and central Sierra, very heavy precipitation [is expected] in all of those places over the next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What could this amount of rain mean for this year’s fire season?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The hope is that if this forecast pans out for the next week, there will be enough rain over the northern half of the state that it’s really going to end the fire threat for the season — meaning that the vegetation that might burn in a fire is basically thoroughly soaked enough that it’s just not going to be something that’s going to catch fire if there was a thunderstorm (which is less likely at this time of year) or in the event of a big windstorm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, for the southern half of the state, we’re not going to get enough rain over this period to really end the fire threat, from, say, Monterey County south to Los Angeles and San Diego counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Are there any concerns about flooding or mudslides?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are concerns, and those concerns are directly related to the fires that we’ve seen over the last couple of years. We had immense fires around the Bay Area and throughout Northern California last year and again this year. And all of those areas are places that are prone to debris flows and landslides because of the heavy amounts of rain that could be falling — especially the storm that’s coming in Sunday and Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/What-We-Do/Flood-Preparedness/Flood-Preparedness-Week\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cstrong>How to prepare for floods in California \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>Will this series of storms help us get out of this drought?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s not really going to end the drought. I like the term that the National Weather Service office for the Bay Area uses: They speak of “beneficial rains,” and that’s really a short-term thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is really a series of storms that is going to bring us some short-term benefits. Some of our reservoirs may bounce back from where they’ve been, and we’re going to get enough rain across our terribly brown, dry-looking landscape that will green up later in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the drought is really a long-term issue. The long-term climate forecast for this coming season is that we’re in a La Niña pattern, which generally means less rain for Northern California than a normal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bottom line [is that] what we really need to get is three really wet months in December, January and February to really say that we were out of the drought. But even then, you’re dealing with long-term effects. [The drought] really won’t be over until we have several seasons of normal rainfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893022\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11893022\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/G17_sector_psw_GEOCOLOR_24fr_20211020-1202.gif\" alt=\"Animated gif of a satellite image of the Bay Area region with clouds and rainstorms moving through the frame.\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Satellite image captured the morning of October 20, 2021. \u003ccite>(NWS Bay Area)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"resources\">\u003c/a>Resources for tracking Bay Area weather\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are plenty of online resources and apps available for tracking weather in real time, especially ahead of rain, storms and extreme conditions. Below is a list of sites KQED regularly uses in our reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Websites to track basic weather information:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/mtr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Weather Service, San Francisco Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Nevada River Forecast Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://opensnow.com/dailysnow/tahoe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tahoe Daily Snow\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Comprehensive scientific sites for weather watch:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://earth.nullschool.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Earth\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Prediction Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Weather West: California weather and climate perspectives\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"alerts\">\u003c/a>Where to sign up for Bay Area emergency weather alerts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/emergencysite/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alameda County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/EmergencyAlerting/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">City of Berkeley emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.contracosta.ca.gov/2269/Emergency-Alerts-Resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contra Costa County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://emergency.marincounty.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marin County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/2481/Emergency-Alerts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Napa County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sfdem.org/get-city-alerts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cmo.smcgov.org/smc-alert\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Mateo County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://emergencymanagement.sccgov.org/AlertSCC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Santa Clara County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/oes/emergency.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solano County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://socoemergency.org/get-ready/sign-up/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sonoma County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This post includes reporting from The Associated Press. \u003c/i>KQED’s Dan Brekke, Natalia Navarro, Lina Blanco and Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Skip to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#resources\">Where can I find the latest on Bay Area weather?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#alerts\">How do I sign up for emergency weather updates?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>A series of heavy storms has hit the Bay Area and Northern California and is expected to continue through the weekend, bringing potentially record-breaking amounts of rain of up to 7 inches in parched parts of the state. The rains coming later this week could be the biggest storms the state’s Central Valley region has seen in nine months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local residents got a taste of what’s coming over the weekend when smaller storms sprinkled some areas in the valley while dumping 10 inches of snow in higher elevations of the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is definitely going to be one of those ground-soaking events,” said Emily Heller, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement from the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services Tuesday, officials advised that all Californians should be prepared. Officials are most concerned about mudslides in areas with burn scars from the Caldor and Dixie fires. The most dangerous conditions occur hours after a storm when the rain stops and water is absorbed into the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#alerts\">If you’re concerned about weather conditions in your area, sign up for alerts through your county.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n\u003cp lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">A series of weather system will bring periods of light to moderate rainfall ️ to the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/BayArea?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#BayArea\u003c/a> & \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/CentralCoast?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#CentralCoast\u003c/a> through Friday. A more potent atmospheric river then takes aim on the region late in the weekend with widespread rainfall and gusty winds. Stay tuned!⚠️\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/CAwx?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#CAwx\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/BayAreaWX?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#BayAreaWX\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/usmXHUzWfk\">pic.twitter.com/usmXHUzWfk\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— NWS Bay Area (@NWSBayArea) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1450800366941990912?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 20, 2021\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In anticipation of more wet weather, KQED host Natalia Navarro sat down with reporter Dan Brekke to find out what storms could mean for California’s drought and the fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This interview from Oct. 19 has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Natalia Navarro: What is significant about this forecast?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dan Brekke\u003c/strong>: It’s a huge relief to people just to see rain, period, after our usual summer dry spell. But we’re also in a really serious, prolonged drought. I think the main thing that we’re going to see is a lot of rain. We’re going to get one round of rain coming in tonight into tomorrow, another one Thursday into Friday, and then over the weekend starting Sunday and into Monday. [We could see] potentially really heavy rains that could fall across most of the northern half of the state. This is an opportunity — perhaps — to see the end of the fire season that has also been pretty rough on the state all year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How much rain can the Bay Area expect?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It depends on where you are. Around the Bay Area, the rainiest locations are in northern Sonoma County and in the Santa Cruz Mountains, and those places could see — by the end of this whole series of storms — more than 6 inches of rain. [In] San Francisco, Oakland, Richmond, we could see maybe 3 to 4 inches of rain, which is a lot for October. We’ll see much less in the South Bay and further south.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you expand out and start to look beyond, there’s going to be really heavy rain in the Feather River watershed — where Lake Oroville is, around Shasta Lake and at the head of the Sacramento River. And in the northern and central Sierra, very heavy precipitation [is expected] in all of those places over the next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What could this amount of rain mean for this year’s fire season?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The hope is that if this forecast pans out for the next week, there will be enough rain over the northern half of the state that it’s really going to end the fire threat for the season — meaning that the vegetation that might burn in a fire is basically thoroughly soaked enough that it’s just not going to be something that’s going to catch fire if there was a thunderstorm (which is less likely at this time of year) or in the event of a big windstorm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, for the southern half of the state, we’re not going to get enough rain over this period to really end the fire threat, from, say, Monterey County south to Los Angeles and San Diego counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Are there any concerns about flooding or mudslides?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are concerns, and those concerns are directly related to the fires that we’ve seen over the last couple of years. We had immense fires around the Bay Area and throughout Northern California last year and again this year. And all of those areas are places that are prone to debris flows and landslides because of the heavy amounts of rain that could be falling — especially the storm that’s coming in Sunday and Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/What-We-Do/Flood-Preparedness/Flood-Preparedness-Week\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cstrong>How to prepare for floods in California \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>Will this series of storms help us get out of this drought?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s not really going to end the drought. I like the term that the National Weather Service office for the Bay Area uses: They speak of “beneficial rains,” and that’s really a short-term thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is really a series of storms that is going to bring us some short-term benefits. Some of our reservoirs may bounce back from where they’ve been, and we’re going to get enough rain across our terribly brown, dry-looking landscape that will green up later in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the drought is really a long-term issue. The long-term climate forecast for this coming season is that we’re in a La Niña pattern, which generally means less rain for Northern California than a normal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bottom line [is that] what we really need to get is three really wet months in December, January and February to really say that we were out of the drought. But even then, you’re dealing with long-term effects. [The drought] really won’t be over until we have several seasons of normal rainfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893022\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11893022\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/G17_sector_psw_GEOCOLOR_24fr_20211020-1202.gif\" alt=\"Animated gif of a satellite image of the Bay Area region with clouds and rainstorms moving through the frame.\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Satellite image captured the morning of October 20, 2021. \u003ccite>(NWS Bay Area)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"resources\">\u003c/a>Resources for tracking Bay Area weather\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are plenty of online resources and apps available for tracking weather in real time, especially ahead of rain, storms and extreme conditions. Below is a list of sites KQED regularly uses in our reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Websites to track basic weather information:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/mtr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Weather Service, San Francisco Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Nevada River Forecast Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://opensnow.com/dailysnow/tahoe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tahoe Daily Snow\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Comprehensive scientific sites for weather watch:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://earth.nullschool.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Earth\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Prediction Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Weather West: California weather and climate perspectives\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"alerts\">\u003c/a>Where to sign up for Bay Area emergency weather alerts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/emergencysite/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alameda County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/EmergencyAlerting/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">City of Berkeley emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.contracosta.ca.gov/2269/Emergency-Alerts-Resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contra Costa County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://emergency.marincounty.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marin County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/2481/Emergency-Alerts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Napa County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sfdem.org/get-city-alerts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cmo.smcgov.org/smc-alert\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Mateo County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://emergencymanagement.sccgov.org/AlertSCC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Santa Clara County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/oes/emergency.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solano County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://socoemergency.org/get-ready/sign-up/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sonoma County emergency alerts\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This post includes reporting from The Associated Press. \u003c/i>KQED’s Dan Brekke, Natalia Navarro, Lina Blanco and Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Officials Fear Vaccine Mandates May Make School Staffing Shortages in California Worse",
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"content": "\u003cp>Some California school district superintendents, especially those in rural areas of the state, fear that teachers and other staff members will quit rather than be vaccinated or take weekly COVID-19 tests — a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Order-of-the-State-Public-Health-Officer-Vaccine-Verification-for-Workers-in-Schools.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state requirement\u003c/a> that began Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many California districts are already struggling to staff schools, and even a moderate number of resignations would mean not only fewer teachers but fewer bus drivers, instructional aides and substitute teachers to keep schools running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Taylor, executive director of the Small School Districts’ Association, said superintendents have told him some of their employees have threatened to quit their jobs because of the mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are employees that will refuse to take the test and the vaccination, which puts the school district in a situation where they would lose employees who would rather not give up their personal beliefs or who don’t trust the government,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The COVID requirements will become even stricter this summer. Earlier this month, Gov. Gavin Newsom announced that all public and private school students and employees \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/california-to-require-covid-vaccine-for-all-students-newsom-says/661843\">must be vaccinated\u003c/a> by July to be on campuses. They will no longer be able to be tested as an alternative to a vaccine unless they are eligible for medical or personal belief exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opinions about the mandates vary greatly and largely depend on the politics of the school community. School districts in more conservative areas of the state report more resistance to testing and vaccines than communities with more liberal residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This conversation is playing out very differently depending what community you are in,” said Edgar Zazueta, senior director of policy of the Association of California School Administrators during his \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xeUXKQpIvkI&t=1173s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">weekly legislative update\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendents in some districts are concerned about the potential for declining enrollment and increased staffing shortages because of the vaccine mandates, Zazueta said. On the flip side, he said the state mandate gives school districts like Los Angeles Unified that have instituted local vaccination mandates some cover in terms of defending themselves against legal challenges. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Sherri Morgan, executive director at Long Valley Charter School\"]“In January, if they say they have to be vaccinated, I don’t know how I will stay open.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Modoc Joint Unified School District in Alturas, 31 teachers and other school staff are considering resigning because they don’t want to take the COVID test or get vaccinated, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a small district like Modoc Joint Unified, which has 857 students, a loss of nearly half its employees could force it to close, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have never gotten to these crossroads,” Taylor said. “What if you can’t staff your schools? I don’t know what the answer is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools in many rural areas already have been \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/covid-closes-rural-california-schools-as-delta-variant-spreads/660712\">struggling with staffing\u003c/a> shortages, which have been exacerbated this school year by high COVID infection rates and mandated quarantines, leaving classrooms without teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although there is more resistance to the mandates at rural schools, even the state’s largest district — Los Angeles Unified — is struggling to get its staff vaccinated. The district, which passed its own vaccine mandate for staff and students in September, recently moved its deadline for all staff to be fully vaccinated from Oct. 15 to Nov. 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://lausd.granicus.com/player/clip/3864?&redirect=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">school board meeting\u003c/a> on Sept. 28, district officials announced that only 1 in 5 employees had turned in proof of vaccination, according to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-10-11/l-a-unified-extends-vaccine-deadline-for-employees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>. The district is trying to encourage vaccinations by hosting vaccine clinics on campuses, allowing staff up to three hours of paid time off to be vaccinated and hosting informational meetings for employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District Interim Superintendent Megan Reilly has said vaccines are the best way to keep kids in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaccines are a game-changer for all of us,” she said in August. “They help reduce the chances of getting considerably sick and dying from the virus. We can and will protect our school communities by continuing to vaccinate employees and every eligible student.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school boards of Culver City Unified, West Contra Costa Unified, Oakland Unified, Piedmont Unified, San Diego Unified and, this week, Sacramento City Unified, also voted to establish vaccine mandates for eligible students and staff that will begin before the state mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/10/01/california-becomes-first-state-in-nation-to-announce-covid-19-vaccine-requirements-for-schools/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state mandate\u003c/a> is set to begin either Jan. 1 or July 1, depending on when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration fully approves the shot for children in each grade span — 7-12 and K-6. Only the Pfizer vaccine is fully approved for those 16 and older. The Pfizer vaccine also has emergency authorization for use in children ages 12 to 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified Superintendent Jorge Aguilar called the district’s \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.scusd.edu/press-release/covid-19-vaccination-requirement-students-and-staff-approved-sacramento-city-unified\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vaccine mandate\u003c/a> “a bold stand to protect public health,” but warned the school board Tuesday that the requirement could increase staffing shortages in the district as students who don’t want to be vaccinated move to independent study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our independent study program is already challenged under our current circumstances,” he said in a statement. “A statewide staffing shortage has been exacerbated by the pandemic, and Sac City Unified, like most districts across the state, has been struggling to fill positions, so we can meet current demand for independent study.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school board voted to require all eligible students and staff to show proof of vaccination, either first or second dose, by Nov. 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego Unified, school staff members have until Dec. 20 to receive both doses of the vaccine. That gives them two weeks over the winter break to achieve full immunity, said Andrew Sharp, spokesman for the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sharp said it’s too early to know if the state vaccine mandate will affect staffing levels at the district. Currently, the district requires that staff either be vaccinated or tested for COVID-19. The human resources department hasn’t seen an exodus of staff as a result, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District vaccine mandates aren’t likely in rural districts, where more community residents are opposed to vaccines. Staffing shortages are already severe in some of those districts, and school officials worry about filling positions if more employees leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sherri Morgan, executive director at Long Valley Charter School in the small, conservative town of Doyle in Lassen County, said it’s difficult to find employees even in the best of times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you know where Doyle is?” she asked. “There is nothing for 40 miles north of Reno. It’s literally in the middle of nowhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every member of the Long Valley Charter School staff has indicated a willingness to take the COVID test, Morgan said. But she is nervous about what will happen when the option to test is taken away and the vaccine is mandated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In January, if they say they have to be vaccinated, I don’t know how I will stay open,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which serves 230 students, already has counselors and other credentialed employees in classrooms filling in for teachers every day of the week, she said. [aside tag=\"education\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan is particularly worried about what will happen if state legislators remove the option for personal exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not joking with you on this,” Morgan said. “I have thought about bringing in candidates from out of the country. I was close when COVID restrictions first happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn Pennock, an employee at Temecula Valley Unified School District in Riverside County, expressed her displeasure with the governor’s most recent vaccine mandate at a school \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRvGrmu46fU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">board meeting\u003c/a> on Oct. 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m totally happy to take the test, preferably the spit test. I don’t want something up my nose,” said Pennock, who said she has never had COVID, although three people in her family have contracted the virus. “I will take it every week without taking that vaccine. I don’t feel I need to take the vaccine. So you know what it is honestly, it’s extortion. It’s not a choice anymore. You are mandating something and that’s extortion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Clovis Unified, a district of nearly 43,000 students in Fresno County, opposition to COVID safety protocols has been heated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barry Jager, associate superintendent of human resources and employee relations at Clovis Unified, said the district is trying to accommodate staff who are hesitant to take the mandated COVID test by offering both the nasal swab and the less invasive saliva test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has a shortage of instructional aides, bus drivers and substitute teachers, he said. Bus mechanics and district transportation managers are doubling as bus drivers, and human resources staff struggle to hire enough substitutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He expects the mandates — especially the vaccine mandate next year — will make it difficult to keep staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Konocti Unified School District officials struggle every year to find enough teachers and other staff for their schools. Assistant Superintendent Chris Schoeneman is certain the vaccine mandates will make staff shortages even worse in the district, which serves more than 3,700 students in rural Lake County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schoeneman supports the vaccine mandate but understands that not everyone shares his beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do see us losing good people who just believe strongly that they should never be mandated by the government on something like this,” he said. “Their reasons may be political, health-related, religious, etc., so there is a lot to consider for folks and be respectful about. … But bottom line is it looks like you will need to be vaccinated if you want to work in education in California.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Some California school district superintendents, especially those in rural areas of the state, fear that teachers and other staff members will quit rather than be vaccinated or take weekly COVID-19 tests — a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Order-of-the-State-Public-Health-Officer-Vaccine-Verification-for-Workers-in-Schools.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state requirement\u003c/a> that began Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many California districts are already struggling to staff schools, and even a moderate number of resignations would mean not only fewer teachers but fewer bus drivers, instructional aides and substitute teachers to keep schools running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Taylor, executive director of the Small School Districts’ Association, said superintendents have told him some of their employees have threatened to quit their jobs because of the mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are employees that will refuse to take the test and the vaccination, which puts the school district in a situation where they would lose employees who would rather not give up their personal beliefs or who don’t trust the government,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The COVID requirements will become even stricter this summer. Earlier this month, Gov. Gavin Newsom announced that all public and private school students and employees \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/california-to-require-covid-vaccine-for-all-students-newsom-says/661843\">must be vaccinated\u003c/a> by July to be on campuses. They will no longer be able to be tested as an alternative to a vaccine unless they are eligible for medical or personal belief exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opinions about the mandates vary greatly and largely depend on the politics of the school community. School districts in more conservative areas of the state report more resistance to testing and vaccines than communities with more liberal residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This conversation is playing out very differently depending what community you are in,” said Edgar Zazueta, senior director of policy of the Association of California School Administrators during his \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xeUXKQpIvkI&t=1173s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">weekly legislative update\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendents in some districts are concerned about the potential for declining enrollment and increased staffing shortages because of the vaccine mandates, Zazueta said. On the flip side, he said the state mandate gives school districts like Los Angeles Unified that have instituted local vaccination mandates some cover in terms of defending themselves against legal challenges. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "“In January, if they say they have to be vaccinated, I don’t know how I will stay open.”",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Modoc Joint Unified School District in Alturas, 31 teachers and other school staff are considering resigning because they don’t want to take the COVID test or get vaccinated, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a small district like Modoc Joint Unified, which has 857 students, a loss of nearly half its employees could force it to close, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have never gotten to these crossroads,” Taylor said. “What if you can’t staff your schools? I don’t know what the answer is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools in many rural areas already have been \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/covid-closes-rural-california-schools-as-delta-variant-spreads/660712\">struggling with staffing\u003c/a> shortages, which have been exacerbated this school year by high COVID infection rates and mandated quarantines, leaving classrooms without teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although there is more resistance to the mandates at rural schools, even the state’s largest district — Los Angeles Unified — is struggling to get its staff vaccinated. The district, which passed its own vaccine mandate for staff and students in September, recently moved its deadline for all staff to be fully vaccinated from Oct. 15 to Nov. 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://lausd.granicus.com/player/clip/3864?&redirect=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">school board meeting\u003c/a> on Sept. 28, district officials announced that only 1 in 5 employees had turned in proof of vaccination, according to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-10-11/l-a-unified-extends-vaccine-deadline-for-employees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>. The district is trying to encourage vaccinations by hosting vaccine clinics on campuses, allowing staff up to three hours of paid time off to be vaccinated and hosting informational meetings for employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District Interim Superintendent Megan Reilly has said vaccines are the best way to keep kids in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaccines are a game-changer for all of us,” she said in August. “They help reduce the chances of getting considerably sick and dying from the virus. We can and will protect our school communities by continuing to vaccinate employees and every eligible student.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school boards of Culver City Unified, West Contra Costa Unified, Oakland Unified, Piedmont Unified, San Diego Unified and, this week, Sacramento City Unified, also voted to establish vaccine mandates for eligible students and staff that will begin before the state mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/10/01/california-becomes-first-state-in-nation-to-announce-covid-19-vaccine-requirements-for-schools/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state mandate\u003c/a> is set to begin either Jan. 1 or July 1, depending on when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration fully approves the shot for children in each grade span — 7-12 and K-6. Only the Pfizer vaccine is fully approved for those 16 and older. The Pfizer vaccine also has emergency authorization for use in children ages 12 to 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified Superintendent Jorge Aguilar called the district’s \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.scusd.edu/press-release/covid-19-vaccination-requirement-students-and-staff-approved-sacramento-city-unified\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vaccine mandate\u003c/a> “a bold stand to protect public health,” but warned the school board Tuesday that the requirement could increase staffing shortages in the district as students who don’t want to be vaccinated move to independent study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our independent study program is already challenged under our current circumstances,” he said in a statement. “A statewide staffing shortage has been exacerbated by the pandemic, and Sac City Unified, like most districts across the state, has been struggling to fill positions, so we can meet current demand for independent study.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school board voted to require all eligible students and staff to show proof of vaccination, either first or second dose, by Nov. 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego Unified, school staff members have until Dec. 20 to receive both doses of the vaccine. That gives them two weeks over the winter break to achieve full immunity, said Andrew Sharp, spokesman for the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sharp said it’s too early to know if the state vaccine mandate will affect staffing levels at the district. Currently, the district requires that staff either be vaccinated or tested for COVID-19. The human resources department hasn’t seen an exodus of staff as a result, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District vaccine mandates aren’t likely in rural districts, where more community residents are opposed to vaccines. Staffing shortages are already severe in some of those districts, and school officials worry about filling positions if more employees leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sherri Morgan, executive director at Long Valley Charter School in the small, conservative town of Doyle in Lassen County, said it’s difficult to find employees even in the best of times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you know where Doyle is?” she asked. “There is nothing for 40 miles north of Reno. It’s literally in the middle of nowhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every member of the Long Valley Charter School staff has indicated a willingness to take the COVID test, Morgan said. But she is nervous about what will happen when the option to test is taken away and the vaccine is mandated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In January, if they say they have to be vaccinated, I don’t know how I will stay open,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which serves 230 students, already has counselors and other credentialed employees in classrooms filling in for teachers every day of the week, she said. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan is particularly worried about what will happen if state legislators remove the option for personal exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not joking with you on this,” Morgan said. “I have thought about bringing in candidates from out of the country. I was close when COVID restrictions first happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn Pennock, an employee at Temecula Valley Unified School District in Riverside County, expressed her displeasure with the governor’s most recent vaccine mandate at a school \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRvGrmu46fU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">board meeting\u003c/a> on Oct. 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m totally happy to take the test, preferably the spit test. I don’t want something up my nose,” said Pennock, who said she has never had COVID, although three people in her family have contracted the virus. “I will take it every week without taking that vaccine. I don’t feel I need to take the vaccine. So you know what it is honestly, it’s extortion. It’s not a choice anymore. You are mandating something and that’s extortion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Clovis Unified, a district of nearly 43,000 students in Fresno County, opposition to COVID safety protocols has been heated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barry Jager, associate superintendent of human resources and employee relations at Clovis Unified, said the district is trying to accommodate staff who are hesitant to take the mandated COVID test by offering both the nasal swab and the less invasive saliva test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has a shortage of instructional aides, bus drivers and substitute teachers, he said. Bus mechanics and district transportation managers are doubling as bus drivers, and human resources staff struggle to hire enough substitutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He expects the mandates — especially the vaccine mandate next year — will make it difficult to keep staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Konocti Unified School District officials struggle every year to find enough teachers and other staff for their schools. Assistant Superintendent Chris Schoeneman is certain the vaccine mandates will make staff shortages even worse in the district, which serves more than 3,700 students in rural Lake County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schoeneman supports the vaccine mandate but understands that not everyone shares his beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do see us losing good people who just believe strongly that they should never be mandated by the government on something like this,” he said. “Their reasons may be political, health-related, religious, etc., so there is a lot to consider for folks and be respectful about. … But bottom line is it looks like you will need to be vaccinated if you want to work in education in California.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Newsom Signs Plenty of Bills — But What Makes Him Kill One?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom has now completed three rounds of the annual ritual of deciding what should become law in California by giving a thumbs-up or thumbs-down to hundreds of bills sent to him by the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11891336\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Capitol-1180x787-3-1020x680.jpeg\"]In year one, he used the routine to demonstrate differences from his predecessor, signing dozens of bills that Jerry Brown had vetoed — but also vetoing a greater proportion of bills than Brown typically did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In year two, with the Legislature largely sidelined by the COVID-19 pandemic, Newsom signed fewer new laws than any governor in more than 50 years, instead governing through numerous executive orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this year, his third, Newsom used his veto pen at about half the rate he did in his first year as governor, saying “no” to about 8% of the 836 bills that hit his desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/_/hxNrlgiB93BuhlMnvrIa?src=embed\" title=\"2021 Vetoes\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In doing so, Newsom largely demonstrated a traditional governing philosophy, using his veto power to block bills that cost more than the state budgeted for, clashed with work already underway in his administration or were repeats of ideas he’d already nixed. Essentially, Newsom’s vetoes in 2021 proved more about what he has in common with his predecessors than how he is unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is similar to other governors in that there are some consistent themes or bases for governors to veto legislation,” said Chris Micheli, a lobbyist and attorney who teaches law school courses on the legislative process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His first year in office was very different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Newsom held celebratory public events with legislators to sign their bills, he announced vetoes by listing them at the end of press releases. So, many of them flew under the radar. It required reading his veto messages to get explanations or justifications of why he didn’t believe the proposals should become law in California. On some bills, he cited multiple reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some key themes that emerged from Newsom’s 66 vetoes this year:\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>That’s not in the budget\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some bills advancing causes that Newsom has championed in the past got his thumbs-down nonetheless. Why? Because, he argued in many veto messages, the proposal would cost money the state had not budgeted for, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11862460/as-californias-rich-get-richer-state-expects-10-5-billion-surplus-despite-slow-economy\">despite an unprecedented windfall of state revenue and federal aid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what Newsom said in nixing a bill to raise the amount of salary that workers can receive while taking paid family leave — even though he signed two expansions of the family leave program in years past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11891396\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/SF-high-school-in-person-class-1020x680.jpg\"]A spokesperson from Newsom’s finance department told CalMatters that the bill would have hiked the cost for both employees and the state, including millions in computer upgrades and public outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also made the cost argument in vetoing a huge expansion of college financial aid. Just months ago, he signed a budget that includes an additional $3.3 billion for colleges and universities, including $1.5 billion in increases for student grants and work study opportunities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Expanding access to financial aid has been a priority for my Administration,” the Governor wrote in his veto. But, he told lawmakers, massive changes to the system need to be considered as part of the regular budget process.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Calling out repeat bills\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As he’s becoming more seasoned as governor, a new theme is emerging in Newsom’s vetoes: calling out the repeats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I stated in a veto message on similar legislation in 2019,” Newsom wrote in nixing a bill that would prohibit paying petition circulators per signature gathered, “I appreciate the intent of this bill to incentivize grassroots support for the initiative, referendum, and recall process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11891010\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/illustration_NewsomMoney_v1-1020x678.jpg\"]But, he said, changing the way workers are paid to gather signatures could make the process more costly, giving wealthy interests even more influence over the initiative process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, he vetoed legislation to let supervisors in state government settle disputes through binding arbitration by saying it could add costs and create conflicts with existing procedures, “the same concerns I had with a previous, nearly-identical bill … which I also vetoed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Gov. Brown — who saw plenty of repeats as California’s longest-serving governor — also had a habit of using his veto messages to highlight the rationale behind his prior vetoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/_/g74doLv8ZouV2FRyiUiB?src=embed\" title=\"Newsom vetoes compared to other governors, 2021\" width=\"800\" height=\"712\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Overwhelming support is no guarantee\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Newsom blocked a number of bills that were not controversial as they moved through the Legislature, making his veto a surprise after proposals advanced for months drama-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An attempt to crack down on the use of “bots” to scoop up camping reservations at state parks, for example, passed the Legislature with sweeping bipartisan support and had no formal opposition. Newsom, however, said the bill is unnecessary because the state has added security measures on its camping reservation website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11890615\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/GettyImages-1216832918-1020x680.jpg\"]\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB494\">SB 494\u003c/a>, a measure requiring police officers to be trained in “interpersonal communication skills and ethical science-based interviewing,” similarly sailed through the Capitol without a single “no” vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he likes the idea but doesn’t want to create a mandatory cost for police departments. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/SB-494-Message-Scan.pdf\">vetoing the bill\u003c/a>, he said he’ll direct the commission that trains police to create the training course and leave it up to departments to decide whether their officers take it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patio umbrellas hardly seem like a controversial subject. Lawmakers overwhelmingly agreed that state law should allow alcohol manufacturers to give away promotional patio umbrellas to venues that sell their liquor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Newsom — owner of the PlumpJack wine and hospitality business, who often talks about launching a small wine shop as a young entrepreneur — vetoed the legislation, saying it would “increase alcohol signage and advertisements in public areas and disadvantage small alcohol manufacturers that cannot compete with the marketing budgets of multibillion-dollar corporations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Approaching some new ideas with caution\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>On two bills meant to address the scourge of drug addiction, Newsom just said no.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVotesClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1542\">AB 1542\u003c/a> would have allowed Yolo County to create a rehab program for people with a substance use disorder who commit certain crimes. The bill earned bipartisan support from lawmakers in both houses, but Newsom vetoed it saying it would lead to “forced treatment,” which could hinder “participants’ long-term recovery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11891403\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51806_048_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1020x680.jpg\"]Many progressive criminal justice reform groups opposed AB 1542, including the Drug Policy Alliance, whose board member George Soros donated $1 million to help Newsom fight last month’s recall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, Newsom vetoed another bill that the Drug Policy Alliance supported, a measure to allow Medi-Cal to cover money paid to people recovering from drug addiction as an incentive to stay sober.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his veto, Newsom wrote that the state is trying to launch a similar pilot project, the results of which he wants to evaluate before agreeing to any expansion. That bill cleared the Legislature with overwhelming bipartisan support, but was opposed by Newsom’s finance department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, he blocked two proposals aimed at changing rules of the road for walkers and bicyclists. One would have decriminalized jaywalking and the other would have let bicyclists ride through stop signs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the jaywalking bill said people of color are unfairly targeted. Newsom agreed, but pointed out California’s high rate of pedestrian deaths and warned that the bill “will unintentionally reduce pedestrian safety and potentially increase fatalities or serious injuries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise, Newsom said the bicyclist bill could backfire and increase collisions and deaths, especially among “children, who may not know how to judge vehicle speeds or exercise the necessary caution to yield to traffic when appropriate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CalMatters reporter Sameea Kamal contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom has now completed three rounds of the annual ritual of deciding what should become law in California by giving a thumbs-up or thumbs-down to hundreds of bills sent to him by the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In year one, he used the routine to demonstrate differences from his predecessor, signing dozens of bills that Jerry Brown had vetoed — but also vetoing a greater proportion of bills than Brown typically did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In year two, with the Legislature largely sidelined by the COVID-19 pandemic, Newsom signed fewer new laws than any governor in more than 50 years, instead governing through numerous executive orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this year, his third, Newsom used his veto pen at about half the rate he did in his first year as governor, saying “no” to about 8% of the 836 bills that hit his desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/_/hxNrlgiB93BuhlMnvrIa?src=embed\" title=\"2021 Vetoes\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In doing so, Newsom largely demonstrated a traditional governing philosophy, using his veto power to block bills that cost more than the state budgeted for, clashed with work already underway in his administration or were repeats of ideas he’d already nixed. Essentially, Newsom’s vetoes in 2021 proved more about what he has in common with his predecessors than how he is unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is similar to other governors in that there are some consistent themes or bases for governors to veto legislation,” said Chris Micheli, a lobbyist and attorney who teaches law school courses on the legislative process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His first year in office was very different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Newsom held celebratory public events with legislators to sign their bills, he announced vetoes by listing them at the end of press releases. So, many of them flew under the radar. It required reading his veto messages to get explanations or justifications of why he didn’t believe the proposals should become law in California. On some bills, he cited multiple reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some key themes that emerged from Newsom’s 66 vetoes this year:\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>That’s not in the budget\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some bills advancing causes that Newsom has championed in the past got his thumbs-down nonetheless. Why? Because, he argued in many veto messages, the proposal would cost money the state had not budgeted for, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11862460/as-californias-rich-get-richer-state-expects-10-5-billion-surplus-despite-slow-economy\">despite an unprecedented windfall of state revenue and federal aid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what Newsom said in nixing a bill to raise the amount of salary that workers can receive while taking paid family leave — even though he signed two expansions of the family leave program in years past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A spokesperson from Newsom’s finance department told CalMatters that the bill would have hiked the cost for both employees and the state, including millions in computer upgrades and public outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also made the cost argument in vetoing a huge expansion of college financial aid. Just months ago, he signed a budget that includes an additional $3.3 billion for colleges and universities, including $1.5 billion in increases for student grants and work study opportunities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Expanding access to financial aid has been a priority for my Administration,” the Governor wrote in his veto. But, he told lawmakers, massive changes to the system need to be considered as part of the regular budget process.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Calling out repeat bills\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As he’s becoming more seasoned as governor, a new theme is emerging in Newsom’s vetoes: calling out the repeats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I stated in a veto message on similar legislation in 2019,” Newsom wrote in nixing a bill that would prohibit paying petition circulators per signature gathered, “I appreciate the intent of this bill to incentivize grassroots support for the initiative, referendum, and recall process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But, he said, changing the way workers are paid to gather signatures could make the process more costly, giving wealthy interests even more influence over the initiative process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, he vetoed legislation to let supervisors in state government settle disputes through binding arbitration by saying it could add costs and create conflicts with existing procedures, “the same concerns I had with a previous, nearly-identical bill … which I also vetoed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Gov. Brown — who saw plenty of repeats as California’s longest-serving governor — also had a habit of using his veto messages to highlight the rationale behind his prior vetoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/_/g74doLv8ZouV2FRyiUiB?src=embed\" title=\"Newsom vetoes compared to other governors, 2021\" width=\"800\" height=\"712\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Overwhelming support is no guarantee\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Newsom blocked a number of bills that were not controversial as they moved through the Legislature, making his veto a surprise after proposals advanced for months drama-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An attempt to crack down on the use of “bots” to scoop up camping reservations at state parks, for example, passed the Legislature with sweeping bipartisan support and had no formal opposition. Newsom, however, said the bill is unnecessary because the state has added security measures on its camping reservation website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB494\">SB 494\u003c/a>, a measure requiring police officers to be trained in “interpersonal communication skills and ethical science-based interviewing,” similarly sailed through the Capitol without a single “no” vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he likes the idea but doesn’t want to create a mandatory cost for police departments. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/SB-494-Message-Scan.pdf\">vetoing the bill\u003c/a>, he said he’ll direct the commission that trains police to create the training course and leave it up to departments to decide whether their officers take it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patio umbrellas hardly seem like a controversial subject. Lawmakers overwhelmingly agreed that state law should allow alcohol manufacturers to give away promotional patio umbrellas to venues that sell their liquor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Newsom — owner of the PlumpJack wine and hospitality business, who often talks about launching a small wine shop as a young entrepreneur — vetoed the legislation, saying it would “increase alcohol signage and advertisements in public areas and disadvantage small alcohol manufacturers that cannot compete with the marketing budgets of multibillion-dollar corporations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Approaching some new ideas with caution\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>On two bills meant to address the scourge of drug addiction, Newsom just said no.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVotesClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1542\">AB 1542\u003c/a> would have allowed Yolo County to create a rehab program for people with a substance use disorder who commit certain crimes. The bill earned bipartisan support from lawmakers in both houses, but Newsom vetoed it saying it would lead to “forced treatment,” which could hinder “participants’ long-term recovery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Many progressive criminal justice reform groups opposed AB 1542, including the Drug Policy Alliance, whose board member George Soros donated $1 million to help Newsom fight last month’s recall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, Newsom vetoed another bill that the Drug Policy Alliance supported, a measure to allow Medi-Cal to cover money paid to people recovering from drug addiction as an incentive to stay sober.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his veto, Newsom wrote that the state is trying to launch a similar pilot project, the results of which he wants to evaluate before agreeing to any expansion. That bill cleared the Legislature with overwhelming bipartisan support, but was opposed by Newsom’s finance department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, he blocked two proposals aimed at changing rules of the road for walkers and bicyclists. One would have decriminalized jaywalking and the other would have let bicyclists ride through stop signs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the jaywalking bill said people of color are unfairly targeted. Newsom agreed, but pointed out California’s high rate of pedestrian deaths and warned that the bill “will unintentionally reduce pedestrian safety and potentially increase fatalities or serious injuries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise, Newsom said the bicyclist bill could backfire and increase collisions and deaths, especially among “children, who may not know how to judge vehicle speeds or exercise the necessary caution to yield to traffic when appropriate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CalMatters reporter Sameea Kamal contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In December 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101881066/california-healthcare-workers-share-experiences-from-covids-frontline\">KQED’s Forum interviewed four health workers\u003c/a> experiencing the front lines of the COVID crisis in California. At the time, cases were surging in California, and no coronavirus vaccines were yet available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine months later, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101885622/california-health-workers-reflect-on-covid-care-eighteen-months-into-the-pandemic\">Forum’s Mina Kim spoke with the same four health workers\u003c/a> about the changes they have seen, and the challenges they have faced in the last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on for the highlights of their conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A glimpse inside our hospitals\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Amy Arlund, a registered nurse at Kaiser Permanente Fresno Medical Center, noted that the dire capacity levels in her facility’s ICU experienced in the winter of 2020 had only gotten worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December of 2020, said Arlund, “my ICU was at 100% capacity. I have a 12-bed ICU.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here we are nine months later, my ICU is at 200% capacity. We’ve tried to divert patients to other hospitals, but unfortunately, there are no ICU beds available in the Central Valley for about a four-hour drive radius from here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overflow of patients in the Kaiser Permanente Fresno Medical Center has led to holding patients in the emergency room for days, and “patients who are in cardiac arrest on the regular floors,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11867734/we-spent-a-day-inside-a-hospital-heres-how-things-will-never-be-the-same-after-covid\">Dr. Parimal Bharucha\u003c/a>, a pulmonary critical care specialist for Dignity Health in the Sacramento area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Alex McDonald, a family medicine specialist at Kaiser Permanente Fontana Medical Center in San Bernardino County, emphasized the importance of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11887909/when-to-get-your-2021-flu-shot-and-how-it-works-with-covid-vaccines\">getting a flu shot to prevent a flu surge\u003c/a> “on top of our already covered [COVID] surge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the first surge, people [had] a fear of COVID,” said Mawata Kamara, a registered nurse at Alameda Health System’s San Leandro Hospital. “But now it seems like everybody’s out, everybody is over the pandemic.” However, there are still patients who come into medical centers and ERs with symptoms of COVID and refuse to get vaccinated, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘We are the targets’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Conversations with patients about COVID have not gotten easier in the past nine months, say the health care workers who spoke with Forum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical and health professionals are “contending with misinformation about the vaccine” being spread online and through social media, said Kaiser Permanente Fresno Medical Center’s Arlund, who noted that she lives and works “in a conservative part of the central San Joaquin Valley.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[aside postID=news_11867734 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/Bharucha-featured-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arlund said she’s had to make difficult decisions in the ICU throughout the pandemic — and continue to have hard conversations with her patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was having to face dealing with these patients who were needing to compete for an ICU bed,” she said. “It has become more and more difficult to get through to people when they are lacking on oxygen to their brain for very prolonged periods of time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of misinformation patients are encountering, said Arlund, is “voluminous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health care workers who spoke with Forum emphasized the growth in threats and violence against medical professionals — although such workplace violence is something “we have always had to deal with,” said Arlund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is, she said, “sometimes very hard to put your own feelings and your emotions aside” when violence occurs. “It may not be personal, but … your own survival instincts kick in,” Arlund said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to go on lockdown about two weeks ago when we had a family member come into the ER,” said Kamara of Alameda Health System’s San Leandro Hospital. She related how a family member became agitated, was removed from the hospital and threatened to bring a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891806\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11891806 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A medical professional wearing protective gear and a clear face shield is standing in a patient's room looking up at a monitor.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A clinician cares for a COVID-19 patient in the intensive care unit (ICU) at Providence St. Mary Medical Center amid a surge in COVID-19 patients in Southern California on Dec. 23, 2020, in Apple Valley, California. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was really scary. It’s one of those things that you never believe that is going to happen at your facility. But then it does,” said Kamara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In December last year we were heroes,” said Sacramento’s Bharucha. Now, he said, “we are no longer heroes. We are actually villains. We are the targets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Bharucha, the conflict with patients and patients’ family members starts when there is initial mistrust. “It’s mind-boggling to me that patients and public out in the community are not ready to believe science, including the vaccine,” he said.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Dr. Alex McDonald, family medicine specialist\"]‘When it comes to COVID, or the vaccine, there’s like this alternate reality in some of these patients’ minds.’[/pullquote]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do treat all the patients with the same empathy,” stressed Bharucha. “We are here to serve them. Except that we do ask for a little bit of dignity — a little bit of trust and respect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Family medicine specialist McDonald offered his perspective of COVID in an outpatient care setting, and spoke about the importance of establishing a relationship with his patients over many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But when it comes to COVID, or the vaccine, there’s like this alternate reality in some of these patients’ minds — and they completely disregard [me], and they don’t want to hear anything.” said McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really insulting that they want to sort of pick and choose what pieces of information they want,” said McDonald. He recalled a recent patient who demanded to be prescribed ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine: “Both of which have been proven not to be effective at all to treat COVID,” and are \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/why-you-should-not-use-ivermectin-treat-or-prevent-covid-19\">not approved by the FDA for COVID treatment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the last eight months, McDonald said that his work has become “emotionally draining.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Looking to the future\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When asked about the efficacy of new COVID treatment options, Bharucha emphasized that current studies show “it is not a magic bullet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These treatment options work in the first five to 10 days, he said, “by reducing the amount of symptoms and by reducing the amount of time that you will share the virus with other people.” But the available evidence has “never shown that it will improve the rate of mortality.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Dr. Parimal Bharucha, pulmonologist\"]‘We are here to serve [patients]. Except that we do ask for a little bit of dignity — a little bit of trust and respect.’[/pullquote]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bharucha said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.houstonmethodist.org/blog/articles/2021/jan/what-is-monoclonal-antibody-therapy-and-who-is-eligible-to-receive-it/\">monoclonal antibodies\u003c/a> are “a whole different set of treatment options, which we give to patients who come to urgent care or [the] emergency room in the very beginning phases of COVID, and who are at risk of progressing to the level that they can end up in the ICU.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bharucha stressed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11855623/where-can-i-get-a-covid-19-vaccine-in-the-bay-area-your-questions-answered\">the importance of getting vaccinated\u003c/a>. “If you have a vaccine, you can still get infected with COVID, but your risk is 1 in 11,000 versus 1 in 8 [if you’re unvaccinated],” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>COVID patients are getting younger\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Arlund has noticed an increase in younger COVID patients in hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have had to watch patients that are the same age as me in their mid-forties leave their children orphaned, because neither of the parents were vaccinated,” said Arlund. “Ninety percent of the patients that I see are unvaccinated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kamara said that she sees her young COVID patients “apologizing for not getting the vaccine. They realize that we’re risking our lives to take care of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, this is not the time to judge patients, she said, but rather a time to provide emotional and medical support. And health care workers are telling these stories “over and over again,” she said, out of a desire to motivate unvaccinated people to get their COVID shot. “Do it now. Don’t wait until you’re with us in the hospital,” said Kamara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We offer the vaccine to absolutely everyone that comes through the [hospital] doors,” echoed Arlund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891807\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11891807 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"A gloved hand holding a covered syringe is prepping a patient's arm with an alcohol pad.\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-800x516.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-1020x658.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-1536x990.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-2048x1320.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-1920x1238.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nurse Eunice Lee prepares to give UCLA physician Russell Johnson an injection of the COVID-19 vaccine at Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center on Dec. 16, 2020, in Westwood, California. (Photo by Brian van der Brug-Pool/Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Brian van der Brug-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Mental health on the front line\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The health care workers who shared their thoughts with Forum all spoke to the toll COVID — and the misinformation around it — has taken on medical and health professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having refrigerated trucks and a three-month backup at the morgue have never let up,” said Arlund. “Suicides are on the rise. I’ve had co-workers who have killed themselves because of the stress and the isolation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bharucha speaks of the “mental exhaustion seeing patients suffer, day in and day out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How long can one keep on doing this?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arlund stressed how the long-term emotional, mental and physical toll of the pandemic is prompting medical and health professionals to quit. “They are retiring much earlier than they had planned on,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is “no way” she said, “for us to replace these nurses that have had 20, 30 years of experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the help available to health care workers, McDonald particularly praised \u003ca href=\"https://lookinside.kaiserpermanente.org/our-promise-to-mental-health/\">Kaiser Permanente’s Rise and Renew program\u003c/a>, which provides mental health services for frontline health care workers. Arlund’s union encouraged her to seek mental health services. “I was given the opportunity to step back” she said, and “that’s what I’ve had to do for my own mental health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bharucha told Forum about \u003ca href=\"https://www.dignityhealth.org/sacramento/medical-group/mercy-medical-group/employer-resources/occupational-medicine/employee-assistance-program\">Dignity Health’s employee assistance program\u003c/a> for its health care workers, whose services include confidential counseling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are human beings at the end of the day,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In December 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101881066/california-healthcare-workers-share-experiences-from-covids-frontline\">KQED’s Forum interviewed four health workers\u003c/a> experiencing the front lines of the COVID crisis in California. At the time, cases were surging in California, and no coronavirus vaccines were yet available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine months later, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101885622/california-health-workers-reflect-on-covid-care-eighteen-months-into-the-pandemic\">Forum’s Mina Kim spoke with the same four health workers\u003c/a> about the changes they have seen, and the challenges they have faced in the last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on for the highlights of their conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A glimpse inside our hospitals\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Amy Arlund, a registered nurse at Kaiser Permanente Fresno Medical Center, noted that the dire capacity levels in her facility’s ICU experienced in the winter of 2020 had only gotten worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December of 2020, said Arlund, “my ICU was at 100% capacity. I have a 12-bed ICU.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here we are nine months later, my ICU is at 200% capacity. We’ve tried to divert patients to other hospitals, but unfortunately, there are no ICU beds available in the Central Valley for about a four-hour drive radius from here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overflow of patients in the Kaiser Permanente Fresno Medical Center has led to holding patients in the emergency room for days, and “patients who are in cardiac arrest on the regular floors,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11867734/we-spent-a-day-inside-a-hospital-heres-how-things-will-never-be-the-same-after-covid\">Dr. Parimal Bharucha\u003c/a>, a pulmonary critical care specialist for Dignity Health in the Sacramento area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Alex McDonald, a family medicine specialist at Kaiser Permanente Fontana Medical Center in San Bernardino County, emphasized the importance of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11887909/when-to-get-your-2021-flu-shot-and-how-it-works-with-covid-vaccines\">getting a flu shot to prevent a flu surge\u003c/a> “on top of our already covered [COVID] surge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the first surge, people [had] a fear of COVID,” said Mawata Kamara, a registered nurse at Alameda Health System’s San Leandro Hospital. “But now it seems like everybody’s out, everybody is over the pandemic.” However, there are still patients who come into medical centers and ERs with symptoms of COVID and refuse to get vaccinated, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘We are the targets’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Conversations with patients about COVID have not gotten easier in the past nine months, say the health care workers who spoke with Forum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical and health professionals are “contending with misinformation about the vaccine” being spread online and through social media, said Kaiser Permanente Fresno Medical Center’s Arlund, who noted that she lives and works “in a conservative part of the central San Joaquin Valley.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arlund said she’s had to make difficult decisions in the ICU throughout the pandemic — and continue to have hard conversations with her patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was having to face dealing with these patients who were needing to compete for an ICU bed,” she said. “It has become more and more difficult to get through to people when they are lacking on oxygen to their brain for very prolonged periods of time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of misinformation patients are encountering, said Arlund, is “voluminous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health care workers who spoke with Forum emphasized the growth in threats and violence against medical professionals — although such workplace violence is something “we have always had to deal with,” said Arlund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is, she said, “sometimes very hard to put your own feelings and your emotions aside” when violence occurs. “It may not be personal, but … your own survival instincts kick in,” Arlund said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to go on lockdown about two weeks ago when we had a family member come into the ER,” said Kamara of Alameda Health System’s San Leandro Hospital. She related how a family member became agitated, was removed from the hospital and threatened to bring a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891806\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11891806 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A medical professional wearing protective gear and a clear face shield is standing in a patient's room looking up at a monitor.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS46498_GettyImages-1292815576-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A clinician cares for a COVID-19 patient in the intensive care unit (ICU) at Providence St. Mary Medical Center amid a surge in COVID-19 patients in Southern California on Dec. 23, 2020, in Apple Valley, California. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was really scary. It’s one of those things that you never believe that is going to happen at your facility. But then it does,” said Kamara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In December last year we were heroes,” said Sacramento’s Bharucha. Now, he said, “we are no longer heroes. We are actually villains. We are the targets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Bharucha, the conflict with patients and patients’ family members starts when there is initial mistrust. “It’s mind-boggling to me that patients and public out in the community are not ready to believe science, including the vaccine,” he said.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do treat all the patients with the same empathy,” stressed Bharucha. “We are here to serve them. Except that we do ask for a little bit of dignity — a little bit of trust and respect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Family medicine specialist McDonald offered his perspective of COVID in an outpatient care setting, and spoke about the importance of establishing a relationship with his patients over many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But when it comes to COVID, or the vaccine, there’s like this alternate reality in some of these patients’ minds — and they completely disregard [me], and they don’t want to hear anything.” said McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really insulting that they want to sort of pick and choose what pieces of information they want,” said McDonald. He recalled a recent patient who demanded to be prescribed ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine: “Both of which have been proven not to be effective at all to treat COVID,” and are \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/why-you-should-not-use-ivermectin-treat-or-prevent-covid-19\">not approved by the FDA for COVID treatment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the last eight months, McDonald said that his work has become “emotionally draining.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Looking to the future\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When asked about the efficacy of new COVID treatment options, Bharucha emphasized that current studies show “it is not a magic bullet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These treatment options work in the first five to 10 days, he said, “by reducing the amount of symptoms and by reducing the amount of time that you will share the virus with other people.” But the available evidence has “never shown that it will improve the rate of mortality.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bharucha said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.houstonmethodist.org/blog/articles/2021/jan/what-is-monoclonal-antibody-therapy-and-who-is-eligible-to-receive-it/\">monoclonal antibodies\u003c/a> are “a whole different set of treatment options, which we give to patients who come to urgent care or [the] emergency room in the very beginning phases of COVID, and who are at risk of progressing to the level that they can end up in the ICU.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bharucha stressed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11855623/where-can-i-get-a-covid-19-vaccine-in-the-bay-area-your-questions-answered\">the importance of getting vaccinated\u003c/a>. “If you have a vaccine, you can still get infected with COVID, but your risk is 1 in 11,000 versus 1 in 8 [if you’re unvaccinated],” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>COVID patients are getting younger\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Arlund has noticed an increase in younger COVID patients in hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have had to watch patients that are the same age as me in their mid-forties leave their children orphaned, because neither of the parents were vaccinated,” said Arlund. “Ninety percent of the patients that I see are unvaccinated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kamara said that she sees her young COVID patients “apologizing for not getting the vaccine. They realize that we’re risking our lives to take care of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, this is not the time to judge patients, she said, but rather a time to provide emotional and medical support. And health care workers are telling these stories “over and over again,” she said, out of a desire to motivate unvaccinated people to get their COVID shot. “Do it now. Don’t wait until you’re with us in the hospital,” said Kamara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We offer the vaccine to absolutely everyone that comes through the [hospital] doors,” echoed Arlund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891807\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11891807 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"A gloved hand holding a covered syringe is prepping a patient's arm with an alcohol pad.\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-800x516.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-1020x658.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-1536x990.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-2048x1320.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS47378_GettyImages-1230161194-1920x1238.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nurse Eunice Lee prepares to give UCLA physician Russell Johnson an injection of the COVID-19 vaccine at Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center on Dec. 16, 2020, in Westwood, California. (Photo by Brian van der Brug-Pool/Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Brian van der Brug-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Mental health on the front line\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The health care workers who shared their thoughts with Forum all spoke to the toll COVID — and the misinformation around it — has taken on medical and health professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having refrigerated trucks and a three-month backup at the morgue have never let up,” said Arlund. “Suicides are on the rise. I’ve had co-workers who have killed themselves because of the stress and the isolation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bharucha speaks of the “mental exhaustion seeing patients suffer, day in and day out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How long can one keep on doing this?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arlund stressed how the long-term emotional, mental and physical toll of the pandemic is prompting medical and health professionals to quit. “They are retiring much earlier than they had planned on,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is “no way” she said, “for us to replace these nurses that have had 20, 30 years of experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the help available to health care workers, McDonald particularly praised \u003ca href=\"https://lookinside.kaiserpermanente.org/our-promise-to-mental-health/\">Kaiser Permanente’s Rise and Renew program\u003c/a>, which provides mental health services for frontline health care workers. Arlund’s union encouraged her to seek mental health services. “I was given the opportunity to step back” she said, and “that’s what I’ve had to do for my own mental health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bharucha told Forum about \u003ca href=\"https://www.dignityhealth.org/sacramento/medical-group/mercy-medical-group/employer-resources/occupational-medicine/employee-assistance-program\">Dignity Health’s employee assistance program\u003c/a> for its health care workers, whose services include confidential counseling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are human beings at the end of the day,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom approved a slew of new legislation in recent weeks, ahead of Sunday’s deadline. That hefty stack of bills — among the hundreds that crossed his desk — touches nearly every policy area, including housing, health, education and wildfire mitigation. The measures stand to affect millions of California residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The many noteworthy ones in the pile include \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/10/05/governor-newsom-signs-legislation-to-strengthen-state-unemployment-insurance-delivery-system/\">legislation to boost identity theft protection\u003c/a> at the state Employment Development Department, which may have paid out \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-edd-unemployment-crisis-explained/\">up to $31 billion in fraudulent unemployment claims\u003c/a> since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic. The governor also recently inked a bill adopting a universal \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890023/california-adopts-vote-by-mail-system-for-all-future-elections\">vote-by-mail\u003c/a> ballot system for all future elections, as well as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11888891/bill-regulating-computer-driven-productivity-quotas-at-california-warehouses-lands-on-gov-newsoms-desk\">first-in-the-nation law aimed at protecting California workers in retail warehouses\u003c/a> like those run by Amazon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">Newsom also has vetoed a number of bills, including one that would have, among other things, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/AB-990-PDF.pdf\">established visitation as a civil right\u003c/a> to people who are incarcerated. Perhaps the biggest veto shocker so far this year has been \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2021/07/california-paid-family-leave/\">his recent rejection of a bill that sought to increase pay rates during paid family leave\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"california-legislature\"]Below is a rundown of just some of the headline-grabbing legislation Newsom has recently signed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Education\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Universal pre-K, dual-immersion language programs, college savings accounts, ethnic studies\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nOn Tuesday, Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/education-lab/article254772347.html\">signed a trio of bills\u003c/a>, part of a record-setting $124 billion investment in public schools. It includes about $2.7 billion to help create a universal pre-K program for 4-year-olds by 2025 and directs roughly $10 million to expand dual-immersion language programs. The package, a key part of Newsom’s long-touted California Comeback Plan, also includes $1.9 billion to help create college savings accounts of up to $1,500 for some students, as well as $170 million in ongoing funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transferring to state universities and affordable student housing\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe following day, the governor also signed a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/newsom-signs-bills-to-ease-college-transfer-and-improve-student-housing/662048\">$47.1 billion higher education package of bills\u003c/a>, including one making it easier for community college students to transfer to the California State University and University of California systems. The legislation also includes $2 billion in funds to increase affordable housing for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ethnic studies curriculum\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom on Friday signed the aptly numbered \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB101\">Assembly Bill 101\u003c/a>, making a one-semester ethnic studies class a graduation requirement for all California public high school students, beginning with the class of 2030. Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/gov-newsom-vetoes-requirement-for-ethnic-studies-course-in-high-school/640877\">unexpectedly vetoed an initial version\u003c/a> of the bill last year, saying the model curriculum needed to be more inclusive. The bill was reintroduced in December after the curriculum had been thoroughly — and painstakingly — revised.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Health\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reducing wait times for mental health appointments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB221\">SB 221\u003c/a>, a bill to require health insurers across the state to reduce wait times for mental health appointments to no more than 10 business days. While current state law requires insurers to provide initial mental health appointments in 10 days, there is no clear regulation around follow-up appointments, resulting in what state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, the bill’s author, called “obscene delays.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of Californians say they have to wait too long to see a mental health provider when they need one, \u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/blog/californians-want-action-health-care-costs-mental-health-treatment/\">according to a survey by the California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>. At Kaiser Permanente specifically, 87% of therapists said weekly appointments were not available to patients who needed them, according to a survey by the \u003ca href=\"https://nuhw.org/\">National Union of Healthcare Workers\u003c/a>, which represents Kaiser’s therapists and was the main sponsor of the bill. The bill passed both houses of the Legislature in a near-unanimous vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891049/california-bill-would-reduce-wait-times-for-mental-health-appointments\">Read KQED’s coverage of SB 221.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>VETOED: Incentives for people to not use drugs\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nNewsom on Friday vetoed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB110\">SB 110\u003c/a>, a controversial bill which would have allowed Medi-Cal, the state’s Medicaid program, to provide money or gift cards as incentives for people struggling with drug addiction to stay off drugs — with the goal of encouraging more treatment centers to offer them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to embrace this proven, effective approach to meth addiction, make it clearly legal and start reimbursing for it, so we can address this health epidemic,” said state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, who sponsored the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">While suggesting he was open to the bill’s novel drug treatment approach, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/SB-110-1082021.pdf\">Newsom in his veto message said it was “premature,”\u003c/a> and called for further study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11854373/state-lawmakers-move-to-expand-effective-but-controversial-treatment-for-meth-addiction\">Read KQED’s coverage of SB 110.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Housing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Streamlining housing approvals\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom approved three major housing bills in September, including \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB8\">SB 8\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, which extends through 2030 an existing law that expedites the approval process for housing projects and reduces fee increases on local housing applications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor also signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB9\">SB 9\u003c/a>, introduced by state Senate President Pro Tempore Toni Atkins, D-San Diego, which allows the development of up to two duplexes without local reviews or hearings, in neighborhoods in most cities that are currently zoned for single-family homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lastly, Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB10\">SB 10\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, which offers cities the option to rezone certain land for the construction of as many as 10 units while bypassing an initial review under the California Environmental Quality Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read more about these three laws from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889113/in-one-week-newsom-signed-three-major-housing-bills-heres-what-they-mean\">CalMatters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Police reform\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Newsom signed a slate of new police reform bills into law on Sept. 30, including creating higher education standards for officers, requiring officers to intervene if they see a colleague using excessive force, banning certain physical holds that cause asphyxiation and laying out a process that will decertify officers who are found guilty of serious policy or criminal violations. The bills include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB2\">SB 2\u003c/a>, authored by state Sen. Steven Bradford, D-Gardena, which lays out a process that will decertify officers who are found guilty of serious policy or criminal violations, including using excessive force, committing sexual assault, intimidating witnesses, making a false arrest or report or participating in a law enforcement gang. Other grounds include “demonstrating bias” based on race, religion, gender identity, sexual orientation or mental disability, among other criteria.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB16\">SB 16\u003c/a>, which expands state Sen. Nancy Skinner’s 2018 landmark police transparency law, SB 1421, or “The Right to Know Act,” which opened up three narrow categories of police records: investigations into deadly or serious use of force by police, investigations that found officers committed sexual assault on duty or told official lies. SB 16 opens up three more categories of records: investigations into officers who were found to have engaged in bias or discrimination, made unlawful arrests or searches, or used excessive or unreasonable force.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB89\">AB 89\u003c/a>, authored by Assemblymember Reggie Jones-Sawyer, D-Los Angeles, which raises the minimum age of eligibility to become a cop from 18 to 21 and expands education requirements for officers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB26\">AB 26\u003c/a>, authored by Assemblymember Chris Holden, D-Pasadena, requires officers to intervene if they see a fellow officer using excessive force and protects them from retaliation if they report another officer for violating policy.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890615/newsom-signs-law-to-strip-badges-from-bad-officers\">Read KQED’s coverage of this slate of police reforms.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Climate change, drought, wildfires\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate change\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom on Sept. 23 signed a major \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/NATION-LEADING-15B-CLIMATE-PACKAGE.pdf\">$15 billion climate change package\u003c/a>, as part of the state’s record-high budget. It directs $3.9 billion over the next three years to expand use of electric vehicles in the state, in accordance with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/10/03/cars/california-2035-zev-mandate/index.html\">Newsom’s mandate that only zero-emission new passenger cars and trucks be sold in California by 2035\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1976869/heres-whats-inside-newsoms-whopping-15-billion-climate-spending-plan\">That pot\u003c/a> includes funding for new consumer rebates, the production of thousands of buses and heavy-duty trucks, and incentives for Californians with lower incomes to trade in their gas cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California also will spend $3.7 billion to: prepare communities to deal with sea-level rise, fund energy-efficient homes, and invest in lower-income communities and communities of color, with the goal of improving air quality and reducing heat disparities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drought\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same package allots about $5.2 billion to immediate drought relief and water measures, including money for projects to boost water recycling, reduce flooding risks and clean up contaminated groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The package also \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-change-science-business-california-gavin-newsom-f867c179fa49f32c0ed7098e98e33aeb\">earmarks about $1 billion\u003c/a> in new spending for fire breaks, tree thinning and other measures meant to prevent fires from burning out of control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it includes $19 million for the state to work with tribes on prescribed burns — up from just $1 million last year — as well as training for firefighters. The state also plans to invest in micro-lumber mills and other businesses that reuse old wood from overgrown forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than a week later, Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB642\">AB 642\u003c/a>, which requires the state to increase the workforce that can perform prescribed burns in an effort to eliminate fuels that have contributed to extremely destructive fires in the state. The bill, introduced by Assemblymember Laura Friedman, D-Glendale, also requires that Cal Fire create a cultural burning liaison position within the agency who will work with tribes and cultural practitioners to ensure the agency is respecting tribal sovereignty and enabling cultural fire traditions and practices to carry on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This speaks to the importance of communities, private landowners and private citizens in being part of the fire solutions,” said Lenya Quinn-Davidson, a fire adviser with the University of California Cooperative Extension who helped draft the legislation. “And you know that the agencies can’t do it on their own anymore. We have to work together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1973196/the-karuk-used-fire-to-manage-the-forest-for-centuries-now-they-want-to-do-that-again\">Read KQED’s coverage of Native American fire techniques to manage forests.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reporting from KQED’s April Dembosky, Emily Hung, Sukey Lewis, Guy Marzorati and Danielle Venton was used in this post. Additional reporting from The Associated Press, CalMatters and NPR also was included.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom approved a slew of new legislation in recent weeks, ahead of Sunday’s deadline. That hefty stack of bills — among the hundreds that crossed his desk — touches nearly every policy area, including housing, health, education and wildfire mitigation. The measures stand to affect millions of California residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The many noteworthy ones in the pile include \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/10/05/governor-newsom-signs-legislation-to-strengthen-state-unemployment-insurance-delivery-system/\">legislation to boost identity theft protection\u003c/a> at the state Employment Development Department, which may have paid out \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-edd-unemployment-crisis-explained/\">up to $31 billion in fraudulent unemployment claims\u003c/a> since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic. The governor also recently inked a bill adopting a universal \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890023/california-adopts-vote-by-mail-system-for-all-future-elections\">vote-by-mail\u003c/a> ballot system for all future elections, as well as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11888891/bill-regulating-computer-driven-productivity-quotas-at-california-warehouses-lands-on-gov-newsoms-desk\">first-in-the-nation law aimed at protecting California workers in retail warehouses\u003c/a> like those run by Amazon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">Newsom also has vetoed a number of bills, including one that would have, among other things, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/AB-990-PDF.pdf\">established visitation as a civil right\u003c/a> to people who are incarcerated. Perhaps the biggest veto shocker so far this year has been \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2021/07/california-paid-family-leave/\">his recent rejection of a bill that sought to increase pay rates during paid family leave\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Below is a rundown of just some of the headline-grabbing legislation Newsom has recently signed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Education\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Universal pre-K, dual-immersion language programs, college savings accounts, ethnic studies\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nOn Tuesday, Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/education-lab/article254772347.html\">signed a trio of bills\u003c/a>, part of a record-setting $124 billion investment in public schools. It includes about $2.7 billion to help create a universal pre-K program for 4-year-olds by 2025 and directs roughly $10 million to expand dual-immersion language programs. The package, a key part of Newsom’s long-touted California Comeback Plan, also includes $1.9 billion to help create college savings accounts of up to $1,500 for some students, as well as $170 million in ongoing funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transferring to state universities and affordable student housing\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe following day, the governor also signed a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/newsom-signs-bills-to-ease-college-transfer-and-improve-student-housing/662048\">$47.1 billion higher education package of bills\u003c/a>, including one making it easier for community college students to transfer to the California State University and University of California systems. The legislation also includes $2 billion in funds to increase affordable housing for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ethnic studies curriculum\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom on Friday signed the aptly numbered \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB101\">Assembly Bill 101\u003c/a>, making a one-semester ethnic studies class a graduation requirement for all California public high school students, beginning with the class of 2030. Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/gov-newsom-vetoes-requirement-for-ethnic-studies-course-in-high-school/640877\">unexpectedly vetoed an initial version\u003c/a> of the bill last year, saying the model curriculum needed to be more inclusive. The bill was reintroduced in December after the curriculum had been thoroughly — and painstakingly — revised.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Health\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reducing wait times for mental health appointments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB221\">SB 221\u003c/a>, a bill to require health insurers across the state to reduce wait times for mental health appointments to no more than 10 business days. While current state law requires insurers to provide initial mental health appointments in 10 days, there is no clear regulation around follow-up appointments, resulting in what state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, the bill’s author, called “obscene delays.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of Californians say they have to wait too long to see a mental health provider when they need one, \u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/blog/californians-want-action-health-care-costs-mental-health-treatment/\">according to a survey by the California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>. At Kaiser Permanente specifically, 87% of therapists said weekly appointments were not available to patients who needed them, according to a survey by the \u003ca href=\"https://nuhw.org/\">National Union of Healthcare Workers\u003c/a>, which represents Kaiser’s therapists and was the main sponsor of the bill. The bill passed both houses of the Legislature in a near-unanimous vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891049/california-bill-would-reduce-wait-times-for-mental-health-appointments\">Read KQED’s coverage of SB 221.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>VETOED: Incentives for people to not use drugs\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nNewsom on Friday vetoed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB110\">SB 110\u003c/a>, a controversial bill which would have allowed Medi-Cal, the state’s Medicaid program, to provide money or gift cards as incentives for people struggling with drug addiction to stay off drugs — with the goal of encouraging more treatment centers to offer them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to embrace this proven, effective approach to meth addiction, make it clearly legal and start reimbursing for it, so we can address this health epidemic,” said state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, who sponsored the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">While suggesting he was open to the bill’s novel drug treatment approach, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/SB-110-1082021.pdf\">Newsom in his veto message said it was “premature,”\u003c/a> and called for further study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11854373/state-lawmakers-move-to-expand-effective-but-controversial-treatment-for-meth-addiction\">Read KQED’s coverage of SB 110.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Housing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Streamlining housing approvals\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom approved three major housing bills in September, including \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB8\">SB 8\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, which extends through 2030 an existing law that expedites the approval process for housing projects and reduces fee increases on local housing applications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor also signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB9\">SB 9\u003c/a>, introduced by state Senate President Pro Tempore Toni Atkins, D-San Diego, which allows the development of up to two duplexes without local reviews or hearings, in neighborhoods in most cities that are currently zoned for single-family homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lastly, Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB10\">SB 10\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, which offers cities the option to rezone certain land for the construction of as many as 10 units while bypassing an initial review under the California Environmental Quality Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read more about these three laws from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889113/in-one-week-newsom-signed-three-major-housing-bills-heres-what-they-mean\">CalMatters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Police reform\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Newsom signed a slate of new police reform bills into law on Sept. 30, including creating higher education standards for officers, requiring officers to intervene if they see a colleague using excessive force, banning certain physical holds that cause asphyxiation and laying out a process that will decertify officers who are found guilty of serious policy or criminal violations. The bills include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB2\">SB 2\u003c/a>, authored by state Sen. Steven Bradford, D-Gardena, which lays out a process that will decertify officers who are found guilty of serious policy or criminal violations, including using excessive force, committing sexual assault, intimidating witnesses, making a false arrest or report or participating in a law enforcement gang. Other grounds include “demonstrating bias” based on race, religion, gender identity, sexual orientation or mental disability, among other criteria.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB16\">SB 16\u003c/a>, which expands state Sen. Nancy Skinner’s 2018 landmark police transparency law, SB 1421, or “The Right to Know Act,” which opened up three narrow categories of police records: investigations into deadly or serious use of force by police, investigations that found officers committed sexual assault on duty or told official lies. SB 16 opens up three more categories of records: investigations into officers who were found to have engaged in bias or discrimination, made unlawful arrests or searches, or used excessive or unreasonable force.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB89\">AB 89\u003c/a>, authored by Assemblymember Reggie Jones-Sawyer, D-Los Angeles, which raises the minimum age of eligibility to become a cop from 18 to 21 and expands education requirements for officers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB26\">AB 26\u003c/a>, authored by Assemblymember Chris Holden, D-Pasadena, requires officers to intervene if they see a fellow officer using excessive force and protects them from retaliation if they report another officer for violating policy.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890615/newsom-signs-law-to-strip-badges-from-bad-officers\">Read KQED’s coverage of this slate of police reforms.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Climate change, drought, wildfires\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate change\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom on Sept. 23 signed a major \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/NATION-LEADING-15B-CLIMATE-PACKAGE.pdf\">$15 billion climate change package\u003c/a>, as part of the state’s record-high budget. It directs $3.9 billion over the next three years to expand use of electric vehicles in the state, in accordance with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/10/03/cars/california-2035-zev-mandate/index.html\">Newsom’s mandate that only zero-emission new passenger cars and trucks be sold in California by 2035\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1976869/heres-whats-inside-newsoms-whopping-15-billion-climate-spending-plan\">That pot\u003c/a> includes funding for new consumer rebates, the production of thousands of buses and heavy-duty trucks, and incentives for Californians with lower incomes to trade in their gas cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California also will spend $3.7 billion to: prepare communities to deal with sea-level rise, fund energy-efficient homes, and invest in lower-income communities and communities of color, with the goal of improving air quality and reducing heat disparities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drought\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same package allots about $5.2 billion to immediate drought relief and water measures, including money for projects to boost water recycling, reduce flooding risks and clean up contaminated groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The package also \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-change-science-business-california-gavin-newsom-f867c179fa49f32c0ed7098e98e33aeb\">earmarks about $1 billion\u003c/a> in new spending for fire breaks, tree thinning and other measures meant to prevent fires from burning out of control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it includes $19 million for the state to work with tribes on prescribed burns — up from just $1 million last year — as well as training for firefighters. The state also plans to invest in micro-lumber mills and other businesses that reuse old wood from overgrown forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than a week later, Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB642\">AB 642\u003c/a>, which requires the state to increase the workforce that can perform prescribed burns in an effort to eliminate fuels that have contributed to extremely destructive fires in the state. The bill, introduced by Assemblymember Laura Friedman, D-Glendale, also requires that Cal Fire create a cultural burning liaison position within the agency who will work with tribes and cultural practitioners to ensure the agency is respecting tribal sovereignty and enabling cultural fire traditions and practices to carry on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This speaks to the importance of communities, private landowners and private citizens in being part of the fire solutions,” said Lenya Quinn-Davidson, a fire adviser with the University of California Cooperative Extension who helped draft the legislation. “And you know that the agencies can’t do it on their own anymore. We have to work together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1973196/the-karuk-used-fire-to-manage-the-forest-for-centuries-now-they-want-to-do-that-again\">Read KQED’s coverage of Native American fire techniques to manage forests.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reporting from KQED’s April Dembosky, Emily Hung, Sukey Lewis, Guy Marzorati and Danielle Venton was used in this post. Additional reporting from The Associated Press, CalMatters and NPR also was included.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Jump to resources:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#support\">\u003cstrong>Where to find support for substance abuse disorder\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In this episode of The California Report Magazine, health reporters Lesley McClurg and April Dembosky take us inside hospitals and clinics to meet people dealing with substance addiction who are getting help in new ways. For the first time, doctors and caregivers are asking: What do you need from us?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year more than 93,000 people died of drug overdoses nationwide, more than 10,000 of them in California. The public health crisis, which has spiked during COVID, is taking a horrific toll on communities and cities across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades the state’s approach has been to punish people who do drugs. But it hasn’t worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s more than a failure, it has been incredibly harmful,” said Dr. Monish Ullal, internal medicine physician and associate medical director of the Bridge clinic at Highland Hospital. “I think the war on drugs is one of the most disappointing things that our country has done in the last 30 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now policymakers are switching gears by recognizing addiction as a disease needing medical attention. California is investing large amounts of money in new models of treatment for those dealing with substance addiction. Two new programs are showing promise, and becoming models for the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891410\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11891410\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Bridge Founding Member and Director of Harm Reduction Services Joshua Luftig speaks with a patient about Narcan at the Bridge substance use program at Highland Hospital in Oakland on Oct. 6, 2021 . \u003ccite>(Beth LeBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Emergency rooms anchor recovery efforts\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The first initiative is called \u003ca href=\"https://cabridge.org/\">CA Bridge\u003c/a>, and its goal is to initiate treatment for patients with a substance use disorder in the emergency department. It may be hard to believe, but treating substance addiction within a hospital is fairly recent strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program has a two-pronged approach. First, emergency medical physicians are trained to dispense medication to treat opioid use. Once a patient is stable, they are assigned a counselor or “substance use navigator” to ensure a strong hand-off to long-term treatment once they leave the ER.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891415\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11891415 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with long hair, glasses, a mask, and a floral shirt points at a clipboard, which a doctor in blue scrubs and a mask looks at.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Substance Use Manager Monique Randolph speaks with a doctor at the Saint Francis Emergency Department in San Francisco on Aug. 26, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LeBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Just letting them know it’s OK. We got you,” explained Christian Hailozian, a substance use navigator at Highland Hospital. “That extra kind of hand-holding that these patients need to really start that journey of recovery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11854373\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Rick-Andrews-at-SF-AIDS-Foundation-1020x678.jpg\"]The pilot program, which started at eight California hospitals, worked so well that the state invested another $20 million last fall to expand the California Bridge model. Now 144, or about 40% of hospitals across the state, have staffed a substance use navigator. The goal is to enroll all remaining hospitals by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other big initiative is a new treatment for addiction to methamphetamine or cocaine. While there are three FDA-approved medications available to treat opioid use disorder — the cornerstone of the Bridge program — there are none for stimulants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of hopelessness in the community using stimulants, a lot less belief that treatment will help them,” said Dr. Kelly Pfeifer, deputy director of behavioral health at the California Department of Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890594\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11890594\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man in sunglasses and a hat stands beneath a Pride flag outside a Victorian with a sign that says Castro Country Club.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Billy Lemon, 50, kicked his meth habit more than nine years ago after taking part in a ‘contingency management’ program for meth and cocaine users at the San Francisco AIDS Foundation. For every negative drug test, he earned a small amount of money. Lemon now runs the Castro Country Club, a recovery center in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/news-releases/2021/09/methamphetamine-involved-overdose-deaths-nearly-tripled-between-2015-to-2019-nih-study-finds\">Meth-related overdoses have tripled nationwide\u003c/a> in recent years, and treatment providers are desperate to find something that works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Providers have landed on a behavioral treatment that studies show is highly effective, but has been only narrowly deployed: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11854373/state-lawmakers-move-to-expand-effective-but-controversial-treatment-for-meth-addiction\">contingency management\u003c/a>, an incentive therapy that uses money or prizes to encourage people who use drugs not to use them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is betting big on contingency management. Lawmakers passed a bill that would authorize the state’s Medi-Cal program to offer the treatment. It’s awaiting Gov. Gavin Newsom’s signature, and state health officials also have requested permission from the federal government to provide the therapy to hundreds of thousands of Californians in lower-income households.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891417\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11891417 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut.jpg\" alt='A person wearing scrubs and a face mask moves through a door, next to a letterboard sign saying \"Welcome to the Bridge.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christian Hailozian, substance use navigator and program coordinator, walks out of the Bridge substance use program office at Highland Hospital in Oakland on Oct. 6, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LeBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"support\">\u003c/a>Where to find support for substance abuse disorder\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>If you are insured through Medi-Cal, you can access your county’s \u003cstrong>substance abuse disorder county access line\u003c/strong>. The resources offered vary by county. \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/individuals/Pages/SUD_County_Access_Lines.aspx\">Find the list of phone numbers here.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Most California counties participate in the \u003cstrong>Drug Medi-Cal Organized Delivery System\u003c/strong>, a 2015 expansion that provides more alcohol and drug use services to people in need. \u003ca href=\"https://choosechangeca.org/?campaign=print\">Get more information on how to access treatment for an opioid addiction here.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/services/substance-use-treatment/\">\u003cstrong>San Francisco AIDS Foundation\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> offers a variety of initiatives that center harm reduction to support those dealing with substance addiction. This includes support for \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/services/substance-use-treatment/cocaine-crack-use-support/\">cocaine and crack use\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/services/substance-use-treatment/meth-use-support/\">meth use\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/services/syringe-access-disposal/\">safe syringe disposal sites\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Finding support for mental illness can sometimes be part of dealing with substance abuse. NAMI is the \u003cstrong>National Alliance on Mental Illness\u003c/strong>, and several counties have their own chapter. \u003ca href=\"https://namica.org/find-your-local-nami\">Find the closest one to you here.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://cabridge.org/tools/resources/\">Providers wanting to learn how to make \u003cstrong>CA Bridge\u003c/strong> part of your work can learn more here.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Jump to resources:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#support\">\u003cstrong>Where to find support for substance abuse disorder\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In this episode of The California Report Magazine, health reporters Lesley McClurg and April Dembosky take us inside hospitals and clinics to meet people dealing with substance addiction who are getting help in new ways. For the first time, doctors and caregivers are asking: What do you need from us?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year more than 93,000 people died of drug overdoses nationwide, more than 10,000 of them in California. The public health crisis, which has spiked during COVID, is taking a horrific toll on communities and cities across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades the state’s approach has been to punish people who do drugs. But it hasn’t worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s more than a failure, it has been incredibly harmful,” said Dr. Monish Ullal, internal medicine physician and associate medical director of the Bridge clinic at Highland Hospital. “I think the war on drugs is one of the most disappointing things that our country has done in the last 30 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now policymakers are switching gears by recognizing addiction as a disease needing medical attention. California is investing large amounts of money in new models of treatment for those dealing with substance addiction. Two new programs are showing promise, and becoming models for the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891410\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11891410\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51782_024_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Bridge Founding Member and Director of Harm Reduction Services Joshua Luftig speaks with a patient about Narcan at the Bridge substance use program at Highland Hospital in Oakland on Oct. 6, 2021 . \u003ccite>(Beth LeBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Emergency rooms anchor recovery efforts\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The first initiative is called \u003ca href=\"https://cabridge.org/\">CA Bridge\u003c/a>, and its goal is to initiate treatment for patients with a substance use disorder in the emergency department. It may be hard to believe, but treating substance addiction within a hospital is fairly recent strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program has a two-pronged approach. First, emergency medical physicians are trained to dispense medication to treat opioid use. Once a patient is stable, they are assigned a counselor or “substance use navigator” to ensure a strong hand-off to long-term treatment once they leave the ER.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891415\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11891415 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with long hair, glasses, a mask, and a floral shirt points at a clipboard, which a doctor in blue scrubs and a mask looks at.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51209_005_SanFrancisco_StFrancisER_08262021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Substance Use Manager Monique Randolph speaks with a doctor at the Saint Francis Emergency Department in San Francisco on Aug. 26, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LeBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Just letting them know it’s OK. We got you,” explained Christian Hailozian, a substance use navigator at Highland Hospital. “That extra kind of hand-holding that these patients need to really start that journey of recovery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The pilot program, which started at eight California hospitals, worked so well that the state invested another $20 million last fall to expand the California Bridge model. Now 144, or about 40% of hospitals across the state, have staffed a substance use navigator. The goal is to enroll all remaining hospitals by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other big initiative is a new treatment for addiction to methamphetamine or cocaine. While there are three FDA-approved medications available to treat opioid use disorder — the cornerstone of the Bridge program — there are none for stimulants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of hopelessness in the community using stimulants, a lot less belief that treatment will help them,” said Dr. Kelly Pfeifer, deputy director of behavioral health at the California Department of Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890594\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11890594\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man in sunglasses and a hat stands beneath a Pride flag outside a Victorian with a sign that says Castro Country Club.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/rs46611_009_sanfrancisco_billylemon_01142021-qut-1536x1024-2-93d1d0b27c5ab9ae1460333fecf87ea21095e212-s1200.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Billy Lemon, 50, kicked his meth habit more than nine years ago after taking part in a ‘contingency management’ program for meth and cocaine users at the San Francisco AIDS Foundation. For every negative drug test, he earned a small amount of money. Lemon now runs the Castro Country Club, a recovery center in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/news-releases/2021/09/methamphetamine-involved-overdose-deaths-nearly-tripled-between-2015-to-2019-nih-study-finds\">Meth-related overdoses have tripled nationwide\u003c/a> in recent years, and treatment providers are desperate to find something that works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Providers have landed on a behavioral treatment that studies show is highly effective, but has been only narrowly deployed: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11854373/state-lawmakers-move-to-expand-effective-but-controversial-treatment-for-meth-addiction\">contingency management\u003c/a>, an incentive therapy that uses money or prizes to encourage people who use drugs not to use them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is betting big on contingency management. Lawmakers passed a bill that would authorize the state’s Medi-Cal program to offer the treatment. It’s awaiting Gov. Gavin Newsom’s signature, and state health officials also have requested permission from the federal government to provide the therapy to hundreds of thousands of Californians in lower-income households.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11891417\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11891417 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut.jpg\" alt='A person wearing scrubs and a face mask moves through a door, next to a letterboard sign saying \"Welcome to the Bridge.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS51766_007_Oakland_HighlandHospitalBridgeProgram_10062021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christian Hailozian, substance use navigator and program coordinator, walks out of the Bridge substance use program office at Highland Hospital in Oakland on Oct. 6, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LeBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"support\">\u003c/a>Where to find support for substance abuse disorder\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>If you are insured through Medi-Cal, you can access your county’s \u003cstrong>substance abuse disorder county access line\u003c/strong>. The resources offered vary by county. \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/individuals/Pages/SUD_County_Access_Lines.aspx\">Find the list of phone numbers here.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Most California counties participate in the \u003cstrong>Drug Medi-Cal Organized Delivery System\u003c/strong>, a 2015 expansion that provides more alcohol and drug use services to people in need. \u003ca href=\"https://choosechangeca.org/?campaign=print\">Get more information on how to access treatment for an opioid addiction here.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/services/substance-use-treatment/\">\u003cstrong>San Francisco AIDS Foundation\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> offers a variety of initiatives that center harm reduction to support those dealing with substance addiction. This includes support for \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/services/substance-use-treatment/cocaine-crack-use-support/\">cocaine and crack use\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/services/substance-use-treatment/meth-use-support/\">meth use\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/services/syringe-access-disposal/\">safe syringe disposal sites\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Finding support for mental illness can sometimes be part of dealing with substance abuse. NAMI is the \u003cstrong>National Alliance on Mental Illness\u003c/strong>, and several counties have their own chapter. \u003ca href=\"https://namica.org/find-your-local-nami\">Find the closest one to you here.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://cabridge.org/tools/resources/\">Providers wanting to learn how to make \u003cstrong>CA Bridge\u003c/strong> part of your work can learn more here.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Most Bay Area counties on Thursday announced criteria for eventually lifting mask mandates for indoor public spaces, including in bars, gyms and entertainment venues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officers in Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara and Sonoma counties and the city of Berkeley (which has its own health department) said they would lift masking requirements when their respective jurisdictions have reached three key benchmarks:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>When that jurisdiction has moved into the yellow or “moderate” COVID-19 transmission tier — as established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) — and remained there for a least three straight weeks.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When COVID-19 hospitalizations are “low and stable,” as determined by local health officials.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When 80% of each jurisdiction’s total population is fully vaccinated (two doses of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine, or one dose of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine), or when eight weeks have passed since federal emergency authorization of the COVID-19 vaccine for children age 5 to 11.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>But getting there will likely take some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#county-view%7CCalifornia%7CRisk%7Ccommunity_transmission_level\">Most Bay Area counties are currently in the orange\u003c/a> — or “substantial” — transmission tier, according to the latest CDC reporting, and none are yet in the yellow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, none have reached 80% vaccination among their full populations — which includes kids — although all but two of the eight counties have topped 70%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11859829/see-how-many-people-got-the-covid-19-vaccine-in-your-county-so-far\">See a map of vaccination rates by county.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But local officials say COVID-19 rates have dropped significantly throughout the region, following this summer’s spike brought on by the highly contagious delta variant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our regional data is showing that the surge is now receding, and the Bay Area is one of the most vaccinated regions in the country,” Dr. Chris Farnitano, Contra Costa County’s health officer, said on Thursday. “So it is time to really plan for our next phase and an easing of some of these requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said meeting the third metric — reaching an 80% vaccination rate or being able to give the vaccines to younger kids — is especially important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will “ensure that enough of the community is vaccinated to give us a fair degree of confidence that removing the mask requirement will not trigger another severe surge of cases and hospitalizations like we saw that began in late June and July with the arrival of the delta strain,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some 72% of all residents in Contra Costa County are now fully vaccinated, and Farnitano predicted that, at the current pace, the county would crest 80% in the next two to three months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='More COVID-19 Coverage' tag='coronavirus']San Francisco Mayor London Breed said Thursday that, despite not yet meeting the criteria, the city — where more than 75% of residents are fully vaccinated — will forge ahead next week in easing its indoor mask requirements for some settings. Beginning Oct. 15, San Francisco will allow those in indoor settings with fewer than 100 people, like small offices, gyms and indoor college classes, to forgo face coverings if everyone can verify they are fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an important step forward for San Francisco, particularly for our downtown, because when I talk to office workers and business leaders, one of the things I continue to hear is that they’re anxious to get back to a more normal routine at work where they can interact with their colleagues,” Breed said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidelines do not pertain to Solano County, which is the only Bay Area county that did not issue a mask mandate in early August, amid the new wave of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Sara Cody, the health officer for Santa Clara County, where 75% of all residents are now fully vaccinated, stressed the importance of meeting all three benchmarks before lifting mask mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Essentially, we want to ensure that we have many layers of prevention,” she said. “We want to make sure that the vaccination layer is really robust before we peel back the masking layer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are roughly 175,000 kids age 5-11 in her county, Cody said, and making the vaccine available to them once federal officials give the green light will be a top priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So that’s the size of the population that we anticipate will become newly eligible for vaccination,” she said. “And that’s the population that we’re going to be working very hard to ensure that there’s easy, accessible vaccinations available.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidelines come as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891383/pfizer-asks-us-to-allow-covid-shots-for-kids-ages-5-to-11\">Pfizer on Thursday asked federal officials to allow use of its vaccine for kids age 5 to 11\u003c/a>. However, there is no clear timeline yet on when the shot will be approved for this age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/TedrickG/status/1446138118067814408\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When counties meet all three criteria and lift their mask mandates, residents will still be required to observe state and federal indoor mask rules, which include wearing a face covering when using public transportation and in state and federal buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Individual businesses and places of worship also can still require people to wear masks even after their county’s mask order has been lifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, professor of medicine and an infectious disease specialist at UCSF, shared with KQED that it’s very likely that each county will fulfill all three requirements at different times. But he believes that the criteria provides a clear path that a county needs to take to move past mask mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives us some guideposts, instead of operating in a fog,” he said. “The criteria are transparent, so people know what we are looking at.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED’s Ted Goldberg, Matthew Green and Tara Siler.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Most Bay Area counties on Thursday announced criteria for eventually lifting mask mandates for indoor public spaces, including in bars, gyms and entertainment venues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officers in Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara and Sonoma counties and the city of Berkeley (which has its own health department) said they would lift masking requirements when their respective jurisdictions have reached three key benchmarks:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>When that jurisdiction has moved into the yellow or “moderate” COVID-19 transmission tier — as established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) — and remained there for a least three straight weeks.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When COVID-19 hospitalizations are “low and stable,” as determined by local health officials.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When 80% of each jurisdiction’s total population is fully vaccinated (two doses of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine, or one dose of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine), or when eight weeks have passed since federal emergency authorization of the COVID-19 vaccine for children age 5 to 11.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>But getting there will likely take some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#county-view%7CCalifornia%7CRisk%7Ccommunity_transmission_level\">Most Bay Area counties are currently in the orange\u003c/a> — or “substantial” — transmission tier, according to the latest CDC reporting, and none are yet in the yellow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, none have reached 80% vaccination among their full populations — which includes kids — although all but two of the eight counties have topped 70%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11859829/see-how-many-people-got-the-covid-19-vaccine-in-your-county-so-far\">See a map of vaccination rates by county.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But local officials say COVID-19 rates have dropped significantly throughout the region, following this summer’s spike brought on by the highly contagious delta variant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our regional data is showing that the surge is now receding, and the Bay Area is one of the most vaccinated regions in the country,” Dr. Chris Farnitano, Contra Costa County’s health officer, said on Thursday. “So it is time to really plan for our next phase and an easing of some of these requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said meeting the third metric — reaching an 80% vaccination rate or being able to give the vaccines to younger kids — is especially important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will “ensure that enough of the community is vaccinated to give us a fair degree of confidence that removing the mask requirement will not trigger another severe surge of cases and hospitalizations like we saw that began in late June and July with the arrival of the delta strain,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some 72% of all residents in Contra Costa County are now fully vaccinated, and Farnitano predicted that, at the current pace, the county would crest 80% in the next two to three months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>San Francisco Mayor London Breed said Thursday that, despite not yet meeting the criteria, the city — where more than 75% of residents are fully vaccinated — will forge ahead next week in easing its indoor mask requirements for some settings. Beginning Oct. 15, San Francisco will allow those in indoor settings with fewer than 100 people, like small offices, gyms and indoor college classes, to forgo face coverings if everyone can verify they are fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an important step forward for San Francisco, particularly for our downtown, because when I talk to office workers and business leaders, one of the things I continue to hear is that they’re anxious to get back to a more normal routine at work where they can interact with their colleagues,” Breed said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidelines do not pertain to Solano County, which is the only Bay Area county that did not issue a mask mandate in early August, amid the new wave of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Sara Cody, the health officer for Santa Clara County, where 75% of all residents are now fully vaccinated, stressed the importance of meeting all three benchmarks before lifting mask mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Essentially, we want to ensure that we have many layers of prevention,” she said. “We want to make sure that the vaccination layer is really robust before we peel back the masking layer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are roughly 175,000 kids age 5-11 in her county, Cody said, and making the vaccine available to them once federal officials give the green light will be a top priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So that’s the size of the population that we anticipate will become newly eligible for vaccination,” she said. “And that’s the population that we’re going to be working very hard to ensure that there’s easy, accessible vaccinations available.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidelines come as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891383/pfizer-asks-us-to-allow-covid-shots-for-kids-ages-5-to-11\">Pfizer on Thursday asked federal officials to allow use of its vaccine for kids age 5 to 11\u003c/a>. However, there is no clear timeline yet on when the shot will be approved for this age group.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>When counties meet all three criteria and lift their mask mandates, residents will still be required to observe state and federal indoor mask rules, which include wearing a face covering when using public transportation and in state and federal buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Individual businesses and places of worship also can still require people to wear masks even after their county’s mask order has been lifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, professor of medicine and an infectious disease specialist at UCSF, shared with KQED that it’s very likely that each county will fulfill all three requirements at different times. But he believes that the criteria provides a clear path that a county needs to take to move past mask mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives us some guideposts, instead of operating in a fog,” he said. “The criteria are transparent, so people know what we are looking at.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED’s Ted Goldberg, Matthew Green and Tara Siler.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Jump to resources:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#help\">Where to find fentanyl testing strips in the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#prevention\">How to spot and prevent a fentanyl overdose\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Almost a year has passed since Crisis Club Gallery, a community space in Oakland, opened its doors, something that makes co-owner Niko Nada very proud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took a few months of getting a bunch of kids who didn’t know about construction to do construction,” Nada said. “We built all these walls, we laid everything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among other things, the group set up a shelf in the bathroom with a supply of fentanyl testing strips — small pieces of paper that can be used to identify whether a substance contains fentanyl. Anyone who comes into the gallery can take as many strips as they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the shelf are also safe snorting and injection kits, and other products meant to help people who use drugs do so in the safest way possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having this available at the gallery was nonnegotiable, said Nada, who uses “they/them” pronouns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some places don’t want to stock these things because they think that is promoting drug use in their establishment,” they explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nada acknowledges that drug use is a part of many people’s lives, and has seen how lack of access to clean supplies or information can make the experience much more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890996\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11890996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A person stands leaning their shoulder against the plate-glass storefront of an art gallery, ankles crossed.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Niko Nada stands outside Crisis Club Gallery in Oakland. Nada believes in a harm-reduction approach to help those who use drugs stay as safe as possible. \u003ccite>(Annelise Finney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The highly addictive synthetic opioid fentanyl is about 50 to 100 times more potent than morphine. It is often mixed with other drugs, like ketamine, ecstasy, cocaine and heroin to increase potency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nada also knows there is now much more fentanyl circulating throughout the Bay Area and the country than there used to be, resulting in an exponential spike in overdoses in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/07/05/1013203805/party-drugs-are-being-increasingly-laced-with-fentanyl\">reported a rise in the use of drugs that are mixed with fentanyl\u003c/a>, with users often consuming it unknowingly, creating a serious health risk. The spike in availability is particularly pronounced in Northern California, where local \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/27/1040899776/dea-public-safety-alert-fake-prescription-drugs-fentanyl\">Drug Enforcement Administration agents already have seized roughly 163 pounds of fentanyl\u003c/a> in pill and powder form so far this year — a 155% increase over last year, the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area, in particular, has been hit hard by the drug. In Alameda County, fentanyl overdoses jumped from 14 to 62 in just two years. Santa Clara County saw the region’s biggest fentanyl overdose rate increase, from just 11 cases in 2018 to 72 in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11874651\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48996_006_MountainView_RobinDosskey_05122021-qut.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in San Francisco, 396 overdoses from the drug were reported in 2020, a sixfold increase over those reported two years earlier. According to the county’s medical examiner, just over two-thirds of the city’s total overdose deaths this year have involved fentanyl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fentanyl testing strips are easy to use and effective, explained Dr. Hannah Snyder, an assistant professor at UCSF and director of the California Bridge program, which focuses on providing health care for people who use drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When people want to use fentanyl testing strips, she said, “they can take a tiny amount out of whatever their drug is. Maybe it’s the edge off of a pill or residue.” That residue can then be mixed with a small amount of water and dipped in the testing strip. After a few minutes of drying, if two lines appear, that signifies a negative result. Just one line, however, means there is likely some trace of fentanyl in the other drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a perfect test,” Snyder said, “but that’s really important so a person can say, ‘This is a drug that I think is too high-risk for me to take,’ or ‘This is a drug that I want to take with other people around me to make sure I’m safe.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing also allows people to make the decisions that can help reduce harm, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals, health clinics and emergency departments are making these supplies available, too. But according to Nada, venues like galleries and bars can play a big role in increasing the rate of testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Business owners] have the resources to have a space that can be an influence,” said Nada, whose gallery receives testing supplies through a network of friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In places like bars or clubs where drugs are around, whether we are acknowledging [it] or not, [we can be] the nudge in someone’s mental shoulder to be like, ‘Hey, take care of this.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Alison Heller, co-founder of FentCheck\"]‘We’re trying to normalize. If you’re going to do drugs, test them first so you can have some informed consent before you ingest.’[/pullquote]Along with helping to run the gallery, Nada works a few days a week at Telegraph Beer Garden in Oakland, which also offers fentanyl testing strips. The bar receives the strips from FentCheck, an organization run by volunteers that supplies them to around 30 establishments in San Francisco and the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to normalize. If you’re going to do drugs, test them first so you can have some informed consent before you ingest, and then you can make a plan,” said \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2021/07/06/fentanyl-test-fentcheck-will-make-drug-use-safer/\">Alison Heller\u003c/a>, an Oakland resident who launched the project last year after months of extensive community outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heller said people who occasionally use party drugs like ecstasy or ketamine “don’t think this applies to them. Fentanyl feels to them very much like a heroin issue or cocaine issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those occasional users are especially vulnerable to unknowingly consuming fentanyl, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And although fentanyl testing strips are usually available at harm-reduction clinics, not everybody knows about those sites, or feels comfortable going to them, Heller added. Providing them at clubs, bars and other nighttime venues, she said, is a way of offering them “where the community goes, and destigmatizing the process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heller said she hopes making test strips easily accessible in social venues will have as much of a positive impact as did offering condoms in bars during the AIDS crisis in the 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Condoms do] not incentivize having sex in the bar bathroom, nor do fentanyl tests incentivize drug use in the venue,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Available resources\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"help\">\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>Where can you find testing strips in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following is a list of some of the establishments that offer fentanyl testing strips through FentCheck. The complete list \u003ca href=\"https://fentcheck.org/get-strips\">is available on the FentCheck website\u003c/a>:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Beauty Bar\u003c/strong>: 2299 Mission Street, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Sycamore\u003c/strong>: 2140 Mission Street, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Royal Cuckoo Market\u003c/strong>: 3368 19th Street, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Bender’s Bar & Grill\u003c/strong>: 806 South Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Crisis Club Gallery\u003c/strong>: 5887 San Pablo Avenue, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Telegraph Beer Garden\u003c/strong>: 2318 Telegraph Avenue, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Ghost Town\u003c/strong>: 1960 Adeline Street, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>King Kog Bicycle Shop\u003c/strong>: 327 17th Street, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Oakland Glow Studio\u003c/strong>: 4454 Piedmont Avenue, Unit A, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Avenue\u003c/strong>: 4822 Telegraph Avenue, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"prevention\">\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>What can be done to prevent an overdose from turning fatal?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/SCCOverdosePrevention/\">Fatal opioid overdoses can be prevented\u003c/a> with a drug called \u003ca href=\"https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/naloxone\">naloxone\u003c/a> (also known by the brand name Narcan), which temporarily attaches to opioid receptors and reverses and blocks the effects of other opioids. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nih.gov/\">National Institutes of Health\u003c/a>, naloxone very rarely causes any serious side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of Bay Area counties, including San Francisco and Santa Clara, provide \u003ca href=\"https://bhsd.sccgov.org/information-resources/opioid-overdose-prevention-project/rescue-and-training\">free naloxone/Narcan kits and training for how to use them\u003c/a> and for how \u003ca href=\"https://harmreduction.org/our-work/action/dope-project-san-francisco/\">to recognize signs of an overdose\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nabp.pharmacy/news/news-releases/california-pharmacists-may-now-dispense-naloxone-without-prescription/\">Pharmacists in California also are permitted to provide naloxone\u003c/a> without a doctor’s prescription.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction is widely available. Emergency doctors can prescribe FDA-approved drugs that treat opioid dependence and can arrange for patients to follow up at outpatient centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are common signs of an overdose?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Someone may be overdosing if they’re acting groggy and lethargic or are barely able to stand, and if slow breathing grows irregular or even stops altogether. Very constricted pupils in someone’s eyes — known as “pinpoint pupils” — that don’t expand when exposed to light also are a common sign of an overdose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from Mohar Chatterjee and KQED’s Julie Small.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Jump to resources:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#help\">Where to find fentanyl testing strips in the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#prevention\">How to spot and prevent a fentanyl overdose\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Almost a year has passed since Crisis Club Gallery, a community space in Oakland, opened its doors, something that makes co-owner Niko Nada very proud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took a few months of getting a bunch of kids who didn’t know about construction to do construction,” Nada said. “We built all these walls, we laid everything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among other things, the group set up a shelf in the bathroom with a supply of fentanyl testing strips — small pieces of paper that can be used to identify whether a substance contains fentanyl. Anyone who comes into the gallery can take as many strips as they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the shelf are also safe snorting and injection kits, and other products meant to help people who use drugs do so in the safest way possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having this available at the gallery was nonnegotiable, said Nada, who uses “they/them” pronouns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some places don’t want to stock these things because they think that is promoting drug use in their establishment,” they explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nada acknowledges that drug use is a part of many people’s lives, and has seen how lack of access to clean supplies or information can make the experience much more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890996\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11890996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A person stands leaning their shoulder against the plate-glass storefront of an art gallery, ankles crossed.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-10-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Niko Nada stands outside Crisis Club Gallery in Oakland. Nada believes in a harm-reduction approach to help those who use drugs stay as safe as possible. \u003ccite>(Annelise Finney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The highly addictive synthetic opioid fentanyl is about 50 to 100 times more potent than morphine. It is often mixed with other drugs, like ketamine, ecstasy, cocaine and heroin to increase potency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nada also knows there is now much more fentanyl circulating throughout the Bay Area and the country than there used to be, resulting in an exponential spike in overdoses in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/07/05/1013203805/party-drugs-are-being-increasingly-laced-with-fentanyl\">reported a rise in the use of drugs that are mixed with fentanyl\u003c/a>, with users often consuming it unknowingly, creating a serious health risk. The spike in availability is particularly pronounced in Northern California, where local \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/27/1040899776/dea-public-safety-alert-fake-prescription-drugs-fentanyl\">Drug Enforcement Administration agents already have seized roughly 163 pounds of fentanyl\u003c/a> in pill and powder form so far this year — a 155% increase over last year, the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area, in particular, has been hit hard by the drug. In Alameda County, fentanyl overdoses jumped from 14 to 62 in just two years. Santa Clara County saw the region’s biggest fentanyl overdose rate increase, from just 11 cases in 2018 to 72 in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in San Francisco, 396 overdoses from the drug were reported in 2020, a sixfold increase over those reported two years earlier. According to the county’s medical examiner, just over two-thirds of the city’s total overdose deaths this year have involved fentanyl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fentanyl testing strips are easy to use and effective, explained Dr. Hannah Snyder, an assistant professor at UCSF and director of the California Bridge program, which focuses on providing health care for people who use drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When people want to use fentanyl testing strips, she said, “they can take a tiny amount out of whatever their drug is. Maybe it’s the edge off of a pill or residue.” That residue can then be mixed with a small amount of water and dipped in the testing strip. After a few minutes of drying, if two lines appear, that signifies a negative result. Just one line, however, means there is likely some trace of fentanyl in the other drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a perfect test,” Snyder said, “but that’s really important so a person can say, ‘This is a drug that I think is too high-risk for me to take,’ or ‘This is a drug that I want to take with other people around me to make sure I’m safe.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing also allows people to make the decisions that can help reduce harm, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals, health clinics and emergency departments are making these supplies available, too. But according to Nada, venues like galleries and bars can play a big role in increasing the rate of testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Business owners] have the resources to have a space that can be an influence,” said Nada, whose gallery receives testing supplies through a network of friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In places like bars or clubs where drugs are around, whether we are acknowledging [it] or not, [we can be] the nudge in someone’s mental shoulder to be like, ‘Hey, take care of this.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We’re trying to normalize. If you’re going to do drugs, test them first so you can have some informed consent before you ingest.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Along with helping to run the gallery, Nada works a few days a week at Telegraph Beer Garden in Oakland, which also offers fentanyl testing strips. The bar receives the strips from FentCheck, an organization run by volunteers that supplies them to around 30 establishments in San Francisco and the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to normalize. If you’re going to do drugs, test them first so you can have some informed consent before you ingest, and then you can make a plan,” said \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2021/07/06/fentanyl-test-fentcheck-will-make-drug-use-safer/\">Alison Heller\u003c/a>, an Oakland resident who launched the project last year after months of extensive community outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heller said people who occasionally use party drugs like ecstasy or ketamine “don’t think this applies to them. Fentanyl feels to them very much like a heroin issue or cocaine issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those occasional users are especially vulnerable to unknowingly consuming fentanyl, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And although fentanyl testing strips are usually available at harm-reduction clinics, not everybody knows about those sites, or feels comfortable going to them, Heller added. Providing them at clubs, bars and other nighttime venues, she said, is a way of offering them “where the community goes, and destigmatizing the process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heller said she hopes making test strips easily accessible in social venues will have as much of a positive impact as did offering condoms in bars during the AIDS crisis in the 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Condoms do] not incentivize having sex in the bar bathroom, nor do fentanyl tests incentivize drug use in the venue,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Available resources\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"help\">\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>Where can you find testing strips in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following is a list of some of the establishments that offer fentanyl testing strips through FentCheck. The complete list \u003ca href=\"https://fentcheck.org/get-strips\">is available on the FentCheck website\u003c/a>:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Beauty Bar\u003c/strong>: 2299 Mission Street, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Sycamore\u003c/strong>: 2140 Mission Street, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Royal Cuckoo Market\u003c/strong>: 3368 19th Street, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Bender’s Bar & Grill\u003c/strong>: 806 South Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Crisis Club Gallery\u003c/strong>: 5887 San Pablo Avenue, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Telegraph Beer Garden\u003c/strong>: 2318 Telegraph Avenue, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Ghost Town\u003c/strong>: 1960 Adeline Street, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>King Kog Bicycle Shop\u003c/strong>: 327 17th Street, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Oakland Glow Studio\u003c/strong>: 4454 Piedmont Avenue, Unit A, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Avenue\u003c/strong>: 4822 Telegraph Avenue, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"prevention\">\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>What can be done to prevent an overdose from turning fatal?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/SCCOverdosePrevention/\">Fatal opioid overdoses can be prevented\u003c/a> with a drug called \u003ca href=\"https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/naloxone\">naloxone\u003c/a> (also known by the brand name Narcan), which temporarily attaches to opioid receptors and reverses and blocks the effects of other opioids. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nih.gov/\">National Institutes of Health\u003c/a>, naloxone very rarely causes any serious side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of Bay Area counties, including San Francisco and Santa Clara, provide \u003ca href=\"https://bhsd.sccgov.org/information-resources/opioid-overdose-prevention-project/rescue-and-training\">free naloxone/Narcan kits and training for how to use them\u003c/a> and for how \u003ca href=\"https://harmreduction.org/our-work/action/dope-project-san-francisco/\">to recognize signs of an overdose\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nabp.pharmacy/news/news-releases/california-pharmacists-may-now-dispense-naloxone-without-prescription/\">Pharmacists in California also are permitted to provide naloxone\u003c/a> without a doctor’s prescription.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction is widely available. Emergency doctors can prescribe FDA-approved drugs that treat opioid dependence and can arrange for patients to follow up at outpatient centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are common signs of an overdose?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Someone may be overdosing if they’re acting groggy and lethargic or are barely able to stand, and if slow breathing grows irregular or even stops altogether. Very constricted pupils in someone’s eyes — known as “pinpoint pupils” — that don’t expand when exposed to light also are a common sign of an overdose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
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