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"content": "\u003cp>Orcas aren’t just in the news lately for \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2023-06-19/why-are-killer-whales-going-moby-dick-on-yachts-suddenly\">attacking boats\u003c/a>. In May, a whale-watching tour by the Farallon Islands experienced something rare: a sighting of 20 orcas (or killer whales). Then, just last week, many of those same orcas, plus a few new ones, were spotted by Monterey in an \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/orca-whales-killer-whale-sighting-monterey-bay-california-ocean/13382311/\">even bigger group of over 30\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Jump to: \u003ca href=\"#jump\">Where to see whales around the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/b>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“They were socializing, playing, very playful,” said Nancy Black, founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiakillerwhaleproject.org/\">California Killer Whale Project\u003c/a>. It was like a giant family gathering: Orcas typically travel in smaller family groups of two to seven whales, but multiple families will meet up for hunting or, in this case, fun. Black, who has been studying orcas near Monterey for 30 years, said that sightings that large are incredibly rare. But it’s been oddly frequent in recent weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why are we seeing so many orcas right now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s mostly luck, said Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t get to see them all that often,” said Michael Pierson of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanicsociety.org/\">Oceanic Society\u003c/a>, who was leading the boat tour that spotted the first group of orcas out near the Farallons. He’ll see orcas near San Francisco maybe two or three times per year, he said, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11916632/its-like-youre-on-a-different-planet-in-search-of-whales-and-other-creatures-at-the-mysterious-farallon-islands\">all out by the Farallons\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mIj1dQjBoiE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near Monterey, it happens more frequently, because of the topography of the ocean, and whale migration and hunting patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orcas tend to stay in deeper water. Different orca families range from Baja all the way up to Alaska, but Black said the 120 orcas around Monterey and the Bay Area tend to move constantly from Southern California to British Columbia. However, they’re all mostly swimming out at the edge of the continental shelf. A quick look at \u003ca href=\"https://usa.fishermap.org/depth-map/pacific-ocean/#map\">a coastal ocean depth map\u003c/a> will show that the shallow water around San Francisco extends about 26 miles, past the Farallon Islands.[aside postID=\"news_11916632\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But down by Monterey there’s something called \u003ca href=\"https://www.mbari.org/know-your-ocean/monterey-canyon/\">the Monterey Canyon\u003c/a>. It’s one of the deepest ocean canyons on the West Coast, starting near Moss Landing and extending out across Monterey Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a few types of orcas. The transient orcas, which feed on mammals, tend to prey on seals, sea lions, sea otters, porpoises and also baby whales from other species. That means orcas hunt during sea lion and seal pupping season, which is happening right now at the Farallon Islands, said Pierson — and could explain some of the higher level of activity there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also hunt during humpback and gray whale migration season. The humpbacks and gray whales stay close to shore, in shallower water, to protect their babies. Where they need to cross the deep water channel, or get near the deep water in Monterey Bay, orcas can pick off their babies. That’s also happening right now. (Because of this, humpbacks really don’t like orcas; \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/content/article/why-did-humpback-whale-just-save-seals-life\">they have even been known to save other animals\u003c/a>, like seals, from orcas.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]So far, whale experts don’t think there’s a larger trend happening, although climate change has certainly affected gray whales’ ability to eat enough in Alaska — warmer waters are making the shrimp they dine on rare, and that’s caused a recent increase in gray whales dying during the trip. But the best explanation for all the orca activity near shore lately is it’s just been a great hunting period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looks like they just had a really good season while the gray whales head north,” said Beth Scrutton with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/\">Monterey Bay Aquarium\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>When is whale-watching season?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Whale-watching season on the California Coast is practically all year round, just different whales and different times of year,” said Scrutton. Mostly, we get humpback and gray whales. Sometimes, there are orcas or blue whales. “Recently, we’ve been seeing [whales] daily in Monterey,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the best times to see the following whales:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/gray-whale\">\u003cb>Gray whales\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gray whales make a 12,000-mile round trip every year, summering in Alaska and then traveling to Mexico to winter off the coast of Baja, where they give birth in protected lagoons before heading back. They’re typically found around Monterey and the Bay Area from December to February, and then from April to May, although they’re not all on the same schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/humpback-whale\">\u003cb>Humpback whales\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The humpback whales that winter in Mexico tend to spend their summers around here or in Oregon. Often, whole pods feed throughout the summer in Monterey Bay, and can be seen from April or May through October or November. Activity can be especially high in August and September, said Scrutton. “They’re the most acrobatic of whales we see,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/blue-whale\">\u003cb>Blue whales\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest animal on earth, blue whales are also incredibly rare to spot. They tend to live in deeper waters, but feed off Monterey in the summer from June to October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/orca\">Orcas (aka killer whales)\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While orcas are constantly on the move, ranging all up and down the West Coast, there is typically more activity around the Bay Area during the spring when gray whales are migrating, because that’s a good time to catch a calf for eating. However, because orcas constantly go where the food is, they don’t tend to spend more than a few days in one place — though they will travel and come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"jump\">Where can I see whales in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, it’s very rare to see orcas near San Francisco, even at this time of year, because of our shallow water. While humpback whales might occasionally come into the bay to feed, Black said she had never heard of orcas coming into the San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a math problem. There are, by Black’s estimate, about 120 killer whales that regularly frequent the waters off Monterey and the Bay Area. (One unique thing that likely contributed to recent sightings was a group of orcas that typically live in Canada traveling to become part of the large groups spotted here.) By comparison, there are about 5,000 humpback whales that make the migration. So your odds of seeing humpbacks are better.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Whale watching from shore\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Your best bets from shore, said Pierson, are places with high vantage points, like near the lighthouses at Point Reyes or Point Bonita. Lands End, in the city, can be good, if you look out in the distance. Or go where deep water comes close to shore down at Point Lobos or near the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Still, it’s really just luck.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Whale watching from a boat\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You’re much more likely to see whales if you head out to where they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Pierson and Black run whale-watching tours, with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanicsociety.org/\">Oceanic Society\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://montereybaywhalewatch.com/trips.htm\">Monterey Bay Whale Watch\u003c/a>, respectively. In the Bay Area, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanicsociety.org/expedition/farallon-islands-wildlife-expedition/\">Oceanic Society goes out to the Farallons\u003c/a> every Saturday and Sunday; right now, you can also see 300,000 to 500,000 birds during their nesting season. (\u003ca href=\"https://sanfranciscowhaletours.com/whale-watching/golden-gate-whale-watch/\">San Francisco Whale Tours\u003c/a> also takes boats out to the Farallons.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do the tours find whales? By looking for spouts or spray far off in the distance. Using smell on foggy days is another way to find them, said Pierson. It “smells like rotten broccoli and fish,” he said. “Once you smell it, you never forget the smell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[hearken id=\"10483\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/10483.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "While orca attacks on boats may be in the news right now, whales have been making headlines locally for a different reason — their presence around the San Francisco Bay. Here's how to spot them.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Orcas aren’t just in the news lately for \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2023-06-19/why-are-killer-whales-going-moby-dick-on-yachts-suddenly\">attacking boats\u003c/a>. In May, a whale-watching tour by the Farallon Islands experienced something rare: a sighting of 20 orcas (or killer whales). Then, just last week, many of those same orcas, plus a few new ones, were spotted by Monterey in an \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/orca-whales-killer-whale-sighting-monterey-bay-california-ocean/13382311/\">even bigger group of over 30\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Jump to: \u003ca href=\"#jump\">Where to see whales around the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/b>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“They were socializing, playing, very playful,” said Nancy Black, founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiakillerwhaleproject.org/\">California Killer Whale Project\u003c/a>. It was like a giant family gathering: Orcas typically travel in smaller family groups of two to seven whales, but multiple families will meet up for hunting or, in this case, fun. Black, who has been studying orcas near Monterey for 30 years, said that sightings that large are incredibly rare. But it’s been oddly frequent in recent weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why are we seeing so many orcas right now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s mostly luck, said Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t get to see them all that often,” said Michael Pierson of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanicsociety.org/\">Oceanic Society\u003c/a>, who was leading the boat tour that spotted the first group of orcas out near the Farallons. He’ll see orcas near San Francisco maybe two or three times per year, he said, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11916632/its-like-youre-on-a-different-planet-in-search-of-whales-and-other-creatures-at-the-mysterious-farallon-islands\">all out by the Farallons\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/mIj1dQjBoiE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/mIj1dQjBoiE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Near Monterey, it happens more frequently, because of the topography of the ocean, and whale migration and hunting patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orcas tend to stay in deeper water. Different orca families range from Baja all the way up to Alaska, but Black said the 120 orcas around Monterey and the Bay Area tend to move constantly from Southern California to British Columbia. However, they’re all mostly swimming out at the edge of the continental shelf. A quick look at \u003ca href=\"https://usa.fishermap.org/depth-map/pacific-ocean/#map\">a coastal ocean depth map\u003c/a> will show that the shallow water around San Francisco extends about 26 miles, past the Farallon Islands.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But down by Monterey there’s something called \u003ca href=\"https://www.mbari.org/know-your-ocean/monterey-canyon/\">the Monterey Canyon\u003c/a>. It’s one of the deepest ocean canyons on the West Coast, starting near Moss Landing and extending out across Monterey Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a few types of orcas. The transient orcas, which feed on mammals, tend to prey on seals, sea lions, sea otters, porpoises and also baby whales from other species. That means orcas hunt during sea lion and seal pupping season, which is happening right now at the Farallon Islands, said Pierson — and could explain some of the higher level of activity there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also hunt during humpback and gray whale migration season. The humpbacks and gray whales stay close to shore, in shallower water, to protect their babies. Where they need to cross the deep water channel, or get near the deep water in Monterey Bay, orcas can pick off their babies. That’s also happening right now. (Because of this, humpbacks really don’t like orcas; \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/content/article/why-did-humpback-whale-just-save-seals-life\">they have even been known to save other animals\u003c/a>, like seals, from orcas.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>So far, whale experts don’t think there’s a larger trend happening, although climate change has certainly affected gray whales’ ability to eat enough in Alaska — warmer waters are making the shrimp they dine on rare, and that’s caused a recent increase in gray whales dying during the trip. But the best explanation for all the orca activity near shore lately is it’s just been a great hunting period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looks like they just had a really good season while the gray whales head north,” said Beth Scrutton with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/\">Monterey Bay Aquarium\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>When is whale-watching season?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Whale-watching season on the California Coast is practically all year round, just different whales and different times of year,” said Scrutton. Mostly, we get humpback and gray whales. Sometimes, there are orcas or blue whales. “Recently, we’ve been seeing [whales] daily in Monterey,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the best times to see the following whales:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/gray-whale\">\u003cb>Gray whales\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gray whales make a 12,000-mile round trip every year, summering in Alaska and then traveling to Mexico to winter off the coast of Baja, where they give birth in protected lagoons before heading back. They’re typically found around Monterey and the Bay Area from December to February, and then from April to May, although they’re not all on the same schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/humpback-whale\">\u003cb>Humpback whales\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The humpback whales that winter in Mexico tend to spend their summers around here or in Oregon. Often, whole pods feed throughout the summer in Monterey Bay, and can be seen from April or May through October or November. Activity can be especially high in August and September, said Scrutton. “They’re the most acrobatic of whales we see,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/blue-whale\">\u003cb>Blue whales\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest animal on earth, blue whales are also incredibly rare to spot. They tend to live in deeper waters, but feed off Monterey in the summer from June to October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/orca\">Orcas (aka killer whales)\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While orcas are constantly on the move, ranging all up and down the West Coast, there is typically more activity around the Bay Area during the spring when gray whales are migrating, because that’s a good time to catch a calf for eating. However, because orcas constantly go where the food is, they don’t tend to spend more than a few days in one place — though they will travel and come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"jump\">Where can I see whales in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, it’s very rare to see orcas near San Francisco, even at this time of year, because of our shallow water. While humpback whales might occasionally come into the bay to feed, Black said she had never heard of orcas coming into the San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a math problem. There are, by Black’s estimate, about 120 killer whales that regularly frequent the waters off Monterey and the Bay Area. (One unique thing that likely contributed to recent sightings was a group of orcas that typically live in Canada traveling to become part of the large groups spotted here.) By comparison, there are about 5,000 humpback whales that make the migration. So your odds of seeing humpbacks are better.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Whale watching from shore\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Your best bets from shore, said Pierson, are places with high vantage points, like near the lighthouses at Point Reyes or Point Bonita. Lands End, in the city, can be good, if you look out in the distance. Or go where deep water comes close to shore down at Point Lobos or near the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Still, it’s really just luck.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Whale watching from a boat\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You’re much more likely to see whales if you head out to where they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Pierson and Black run whale-watching tours, with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanicsociety.org/\">Oceanic Society\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://montereybaywhalewatch.com/trips.htm\">Monterey Bay Whale Watch\u003c/a>, respectively. In the Bay Area, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanicsociety.org/expedition/farallon-islands-wildlife-expedition/\">Oceanic Society goes out to the Farallons\u003c/a> every Saturday and Sunday; right now, you can also see 300,000 to 500,000 birds during their nesting season. (\u003ca href=\"https://sanfranciscowhaletours.com/whale-watching/golden-gate-whale-watch/\">San Francisco Whale Tours\u003c/a> also takes boats out to the Farallons.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do the tours find whales? By looking for spouts or spray far off in the distance. Using smell on foggy days is another way to find them, said Pierson. It “smells like rotten broccoli and fish,” he said. “Once you smell it, you never forget the smell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "You Herd It Here: Goat-Grazing Services May Be Threatened Under New State Overtime Law",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hundreds of goats munch on long blades of yellow grass on a hillside next to a sprawling townhouse complex. They were hired to clear vegetation that could fuel wildfires as temperatures rise this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These voracious herbivores are in high demand to devour weeds and shrubs that have proliferated across California after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-drought-winter-storms-7da559be4ee7cd8285468d80ce000040\">a drought-busting winter\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-too-much-rain-snow-e1b4e0af3111a14f0059a7ba205a9203\">heavy rain and snow\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a huge fuel source. If it was left untamed, it can grow very high. And then when the summer dries everything out, it’s perfect fuel for a fire,” said Jason Puopolo, parks superintendent for the city of West Sacramento, where goats grazed on a recent afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Brian Shobe, deputy policy director, California Climate and Agriculture Network\"]‘We fully support increasing wages for herders, but $14,000 a month is not realistic. So we need to address that in order to allow these goat-grazing operations to exist.’[/pullquote]Targeted grazing is part of California’s strategy to reduce wildfire risk because goats can eat a wide variety of vegetation and graze in steep, rocky terrain that’s hard to access. Backers say they’re an eco-friendly alternative to chemical herbicides or weed-wacking machines that make noise and increase pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new state labor regulations are making it more expensive to provide goat-grazing services, and herding companies say the rules threaten to put them out of business. The changes could raise the monthly salary of herders from about $3,730 to $14,000, according to the California Farm Bureau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies typically put about one herder in charge of 400 goats. Many of the herders in California are from Peru and live in employer-provided trailers near grazing sites. Labor advocates say the state should investigate the working and living conditions of goatherds before making changes to the law, especially since the state is funding goat-grazing to reduce wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951085\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11951085\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A closeup of a herd of goats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Goats graze on dry grass next to a housing complex in West Sacramento. Goats are in high demand to clear vegetation as California prepares for the wildfire season, but a farmworker overtime law threatens the grazing business. \u003ccite>(Terry Chea/The Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California is investing heavily in wildfire prevention after the state was ravaged by several years of destructive flames that scorched millions of acres, destroyed thousands of homes and killed dozens of people. Goats have been used to clear fuels around Lake Oroville, along Highway 101 and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/fires-us-news-ap-top-news-ca-state-wire-los-angeles-801090af71c14dba976549932bf4c79e\">near the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My phone rings off the hook this time of year,” said Tim Arrowsmith, owner of Western Grazers, which is providing grazing services to West Sacramento. “The demand has grown year after year after year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His company, based in the Northern California city of Red Bluff, has about 4,000 goats for hire to clear vegetation for government agencies and private landowners across Northern California. Without a fix to the new regulations, “we will be forced to sell these goats to slaughter and to the auction yards, and we’ll be forced out of business and probably file for bankruptcy,” Arrowsmith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies have historically been allowed to pay goatherds and shepherds a monthly minimum salary rather than an hourly minimum wage, because their jobs require them to be on-call 24 hours a day, seven days a week; a study from the Department of Labor explains “it is imperative for herders to be available on a 24/7 ‘on call’ basis for maintaining herd integrity and predator control” but says herders are “not expected to and don’t work 24/7.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, legislation signed in 2016 also entitles them to overtime pay. It effectively boosted the herders’ minimum monthly pay from $1,955 in 2019 to $3,730 this year. It’s set to hit $4,381 in 2025, according to the California Department of Industrial Relations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far the herding companies, which have sued over the law, have passed along most of the increased labor costs to their customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in January, those labor costs are set to jump sharply again. Goatherds and shepherds have always followed the same set of labor rules until last year. But a state agency has ruled that’s no longer allowed, meaning goatherds would be subject to the same labor laws as other farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would mean goatherds would be entitled to ever higher pay — up to $14,000 a month. Last year a budget trailer bill delayed that pay requirement for one year, but it’s set to take effect on Jan. 1 if nothing is done to change the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goatherding companies say they can’t afford to pay herders that much. They would have to drastically raise their rates, which would make it unaffordable to provide goat-grazing services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951077\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11951077\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"An aerial view of large herd of goats on the countryside.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Goats graze on dry grass next to a housing complex in West Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Terry Chea/The Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We fully support increasing wages for herders, but $14,000 a month is not realistic. So we need to address that in order to allow these goat-grazing operations to exist,” said Brian Shobe, deputy policy director for the California Climate and Agriculture Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goat-grazing industry is pushing the Legislature to approve legislation that would treat goatherds the same as shepherds. A bill to do so hasn’t yet received a public hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lorena Gonzalez Fletcher, who heads the California Labor Federation, said goatherds are among the “most vulnerable workers in America” because they are on temporary work visas and can be fired and sent back to their home country anytime. Most of them work in isolation, speak minimal English and don’t have the same rights as U.S. citizens or green-card holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a responsibility as a public to ensure that every worker who’s working in California is treated with dignity and respect, and that includes these goatherders,” said Gonzalez Fletcher, who sponsored the farmworker overtime bill when she was a state Assemblymember representing San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arrowsmith employs seven goatherds from Peru under the H-2A visa program for temporary farmworkers. He said the herders are paid about $4,000 a month and don’t have to pay for food, housing or phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t pay $14,000 a month to an employee starting Jan. 1. There’s just not enough money. The cities can’t absorb that kind of cost,” Arrowsmith said. “What’s at stake for the public is your house could burn up because we can’t fire-mitigate.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hundreds of goats munch on long blades of yellow grass on a hillside next to a sprawling townhouse complex. They were hired to clear vegetation that could fuel wildfires as temperatures rise this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These voracious herbivores are in high demand to devour weeds and shrubs that have proliferated across California after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-drought-winter-storms-7da559be4ee7cd8285468d80ce000040\">a drought-busting winter\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-too-much-rain-snow-e1b4e0af3111a14f0059a7ba205a9203\">heavy rain and snow\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a huge fuel source. If it was left untamed, it can grow very high. And then when the summer dries everything out, it’s perfect fuel for a fire,” said Jason Puopolo, parks superintendent for the city of West Sacramento, where goats grazed on a recent afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Targeted grazing is part of California’s strategy to reduce wildfire risk because goats can eat a wide variety of vegetation and graze in steep, rocky terrain that’s hard to access. Backers say they’re an eco-friendly alternative to chemical herbicides or weed-wacking machines that make noise and increase pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new state labor regulations are making it more expensive to provide goat-grazing services, and herding companies say the rules threaten to put them out of business. The changes could raise the monthly salary of herders from about $3,730 to $14,000, according to the California Farm Bureau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies typically put about one herder in charge of 400 goats. Many of the herders in California are from Peru and live in employer-provided trailers near grazing sites. Labor advocates say the state should investigate the working and living conditions of goatherds before making changes to the law, especially since the state is funding goat-grazing to reduce wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951085\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11951085\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A closeup of a herd of goats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146789252776-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Goats graze on dry grass next to a housing complex in West Sacramento. Goats are in high demand to clear vegetation as California prepares for the wildfire season, but a farmworker overtime law threatens the grazing business. \u003ccite>(Terry Chea/The Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California is investing heavily in wildfire prevention after the state was ravaged by several years of destructive flames that scorched millions of acres, destroyed thousands of homes and killed dozens of people. Goats have been used to clear fuels around Lake Oroville, along Highway 101 and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/fires-us-news-ap-top-news-ca-state-wire-los-angeles-801090af71c14dba976549932bf4c79e\">near the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My phone rings off the hook this time of year,” said Tim Arrowsmith, owner of Western Grazers, which is providing grazing services to West Sacramento. “The demand has grown year after year after year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His company, based in the Northern California city of Red Bluff, has about 4,000 goats for hire to clear vegetation for government agencies and private landowners across Northern California. Without a fix to the new regulations, “we will be forced to sell these goats to slaughter and to the auction yards, and we’ll be forced out of business and probably file for bankruptcy,” Arrowsmith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies have historically been allowed to pay goatherds and shepherds a monthly minimum salary rather than an hourly minimum wage, because their jobs require them to be on-call 24 hours a day, seven days a week; a study from the Department of Labor explains “it is imperative for herders to be available on a 24/7 ‘on call’ basis for maintaining herd integrity and predator control” but says herders are “not expected to and don’t work 24/7.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, legislation signed in 2016 also entitles them to overtime pay. It effectively boosted the herders’ minimum monthly pay from $1,955 in 2019 to $3,730 this year. It’s set to hit $4,381 in 2025, according to the California Department of Industrial Relations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far the herding companies, which have sued over the law, have passed along most of the increased labor costs to their customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in January, those labor costs are set to jump sharply again. Goatherds and shepherds have always followed the same set of labor rules until last year. But a state agency has ruled that’s no longer allowed, meaning goatherds would be subject to the same labor laws as other farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would mean goatherds would be entitled to ever higher pay — up to $14,000 a month. Last year a budget trailer bill delayed that pay requirement for one year, but it’s set to take effect on Jan. 1 if nothing is done to change the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goatherding companies say they can’t afford to pay herders that much. They would have to drastically raise their rates, which would make it unaffordable to provide goat-grazing services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951077\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11951077\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"An aerial view of large herd of goats on the countryside.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/AP23146788660123-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Goats graze on dry grass next to a housing complex in West Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Terry Chea/The Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We fully support increasing wages for herders, but $14,000 a month is not realistic. So we need to address that in order to allow these goat-grazing operations to exist,” said Brian Shobe, deputy policy director for the California Climate and Agriculture Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goat-grazing industry is pushing the Legislature to approve legislation that would treat goatherds the same as shepherds. A bill to do so hasn’t yet received a public hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lorena Gonzalez Fletcher, who heads the California Labor Federation, said goatherds are among the “most vulnerable workers in America” because they are on temporary work visas and can be fired and sent back to their home country anytime. Most of them work in isolation, speak minimal English and don’t have the same rights as U.S. citizens or green-card holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a responsibility as a public to ensure that every worker who’s working in California is treated with dignity and respect, and that includes these goatherders,” said Gonzalez Fletcher, who sponsored the farmworker overtime bill when she was a state Assemblymember representing San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arrowsmith employs seven goatherds from Peru under the H-2A visa program for temporary farmworkers. He said the herders are paid about $4,000 a month and don’t have to pay for food, housing or phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t pay $14,000 a month to an employee starting Jan. 1. There’s just not enough money. The cities can’t absorb that kind of cost,” Arrowsmith said. “What’s at stake for the public is your house could burn up because we can’t fire-mitigate.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Cattle Ranching Is at the Center of a Battle Brewing in Point Reyes",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3QhozaD\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is inspired by a question from Bay Curious listener Beth Touchette. She asked, “How did we end up allowing cattle in Point Reyes National Seashore?”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]aturday, Aug. 28, 2021, brought a dramatic scene to the normally peaceful, windblown hills of Tomales Point in Point Reyes National Seashore. Dozens of people, from small children to older adults, hauled jugs of water over hills and through valleys only to dump their precious cargo into nearly dry ponds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The volunteers were trying to keep the Tule elk that live on a fenced preserve alive during one of California’s longest droughts. In 2019, nearly a third of the herd died from a shortage of water and malnutrition — in part because they could not roam beyond the tall fence that contained them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Mammals/Elk/Tule-Elk\">Tule elk\u003c/a> are an endemic species found only in California. They were hunted almost to extinction in the 1800s, but have been making a comeback in places like Point Reyes. The elk are big, averaging around 400 pounds, and need room to roam and forage. But this herd is isolated behind the fence to keep them away from another animal grazing in the park — an animal that some environmentalists say is being given priority: cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Point Reyes National Seashore was established in 1962, it’s been a lot of things to a lot of people. To the general public, it’s a beloved park that offers beautiful coastline, lush forests and windswept grassy hills. To environmentalists, it’s a habitat worth preserving. To ranchers, it’s the land their livelihoods depend on. To the area’s Native people, it’s long been a homeland with sacred sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one time, these competing interests could exist in relative harmony on the 70,000 acres that make up the park — but increasing demands on the land have caused things to sour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5101-scaled-e1672874259984.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936864\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5101-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"A group of female Tule elk lounge on a green hillside. The rugged California coastline and ocean are visible in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Once abundant in Point Reyes, Tule elk were nearly hunted to extinction. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How cattle came to graze on Point Reyes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Point Reyes peninsula is the homeland of the Coast Miwok people, who lived here for generations alongside the Tule elk. When Spanish missionaries colonized the area, they brought cows with them. Although the missionaries were based in San Rafael, their cows would roam as far west as the Point Reyes peninsula. Later, when Spain granted the land to Mexico, rancheros divided up the peninsula and continued to run cattle. After the Mexican-American war, California changed hands once again to become part of the United States. In the chaotic transition period, the boundaries of the Mexican ranches on the peninsula were challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at some of the Spanish land grants, they literally said from the tree to the rock,” said Loretta Farley, a former park ranger at Point Reyes National Seashore. “So that’s really open to interpretation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squatters moved in and settled on the land. The Mexican rancheros took them to court, but lost because they didn’t have the paperwork to demarcate the boundaries of their land. The legal battles were many and complicated, but when the dust settled in 1857, the law firm of Shafter, Shafter, Park and Heydenfeldt emerged as primary owners of the peninsula we now know as Point Reyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After a series of tremendous fights we have beaten our adversaries at all points and, what is more, have humbled the strongest and the proudest of them,” \u003ca href=\"http://npshistory.com/publications/pore/hrs-ranching.pdf\">wrote Oscar Shafter (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936882\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 637px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11936882\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"637\" height=\"881\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg 637w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map-160x221.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A historic map of the alphabet ranch parcels in Point Reyes.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Shafter brothers divided their property into more than 30 sections and leased the land to immigrants flooding into the area from places like Ireland, Switzerland and the Azores, in Portugal. The Shafters named the ranches from A to Z, what we now call the historic alphabet ranches, and developed a flourishing dairy business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco was growing rapidly and people were hungry for the butter and cheese produced at the dairy farms. Later, when refrigeration was invented, the farms would also ship milk. At one point, the Point Reyes dairies produced more butter than anywhere else in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1900s, the Shafter families sold some of their land to the farmers who had been leasing it from them. Some of those families are still operating beef and dairy ranches to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Home of the Coast Miwok\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many of the laborers on those early dairy ranches were Coast Miwok people who had been enslaved by Spanish missionaries, but returned to their homes along Tomales Bay if they were able. Their way of life had been completely upended, and now white ranchers owned the land and offered some of the only employment around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My grandmother was a ranch cook,” said Theresa Harlan. “My uncles worked on ranches as ranch hands.” Harlan is now the founder and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alliance4felixcove.org/\">Alliance for Felix Cove\u003c/a>; the cove is known as Laird’s Landing on maps. Harlan’s mother is Tomalko (Coast Miwok Tomales Bay) and grew up in a small wooden cabin here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My family would row a small skiff across the bay to get mail or supplies that they couldn’t make themselves,” she said. “They say it was a 30-minute row.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harlan’s family was evicted in the 1950s by the white dairy farmers who owned the land at the time, Sayles Turney and James Lundgren. Harlan’s family tried to fight the eviction, saying they’d been there since the 1800s, and the case went all the way to the state Supreme Court. Her family ultimately lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936854\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/IMG_2299-scaled-e1672872337625.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936854\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/IMG_2299-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A couple stands below the porch of an old wooden cabin\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Theresa Harlan and her husband, Ken Tiger, pose in front of the wood cabin her great-grandfather Joe Felix built. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a historic site,” Harlan said. “This needs to be protected. This little house sits neglected. Why? Why? Because it was the home of Tomalko people, California Indian people?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s been pushing the National Park Service and the \u003ca href=\"https://gratonrancheria.com/\">Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria\u003c/a>, the federally recognized tribe with whom it partners to preserve Coast Miwok sites, to do more to explain and protect her family’s legacy here. In particular, she wants visitors to know that as recently as the 1950s Tomalko people lived here, but were pushed out, repeating the violent history of Indigenous people throughout California. This is family lore to her, not ancient history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other Coast Miwok archaeological sites in Point Reyes, but many of them are kept confidential because they are sacred. The cabins in Felix Cove represent a more modern side of Native American history here, one that existed alongside the ranching history, which has already been designated as historic. Still, far fewer people know about Theresa Harlan’s family than about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/news/newsreleases_20181113_ranches_national_register_of_historic_places.htm\">historic alphabet ranches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From private ranch land to national park\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For decades, West Marin remained quite rural, with the ranches dominating local life and culture. But after World War II, when the Bay Area population was booming and demand for housing was high, real estate speculators started eyeing the Point Reyes peninsula for subdivision and development. Conservationists and local residents didn’t want to see that happen. They rallied together to advocate for a national seashore that would preserve the coastline for the public in perpetuity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A local U.S. representative, Clem Miller, was the primary force advocating for the national seashore in Washington, D.C. To achieve the dream, park advocates had to convince the ranchers to sell their land to the federal government. At first, many ranchers were adamantly opposed to the idea, but they also saw that if it wanted to, the government could use eminent domain to take their land, so instead they made a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the government was most interested in preserving the coastline. So, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/getinvolved/upload/planning_gmp_ea_goga_pore_1980_map_management_zoning.pdf\">divided the park into pastoral zones and wilderness areas (PDF)\u003c/a>. The ranchers sold their land to the government, but retained the right to ranch the land in the pastoral zones. It took years for the federal government to acquire the land, but by 1978, most of the ranchers had signed 25-year leases. At the end of the lease, the Park Service could decide whether to renew or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrangement made most parties happy. Conservationists were proud to have saved the area for the public. And the ranchers had earned a chunk of cash, while retaining the right to lease their lands from the government. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/historyculture/people_coastmiwok.htm\">The Coast Miwok, however, continued to struggle for recognition.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original 25-year leases have long expired, but for decades the Park Service has renewed them on a five-year basis. This longevity has made the ranches an important part of the economy and culture of West Marin, as well as key players in the local organic food scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Recent controversies challenge the status quo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the National Park Service, which manages Point Reyes National Seashore, started a public process to update its Ranch Comprehensive Management Plan. Environmental groups watching the process believed the Park Service was heading down a road that would give ranchers more of what they wanted, without considering the rest of the park’s needs. So in 2016, a coalition of environmental groups sued the Park Service. They pointed out that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/management/upload/planning_gmp_1980.pdf\">Point Reyes General Management Plan (PDF)\u003c/a>, the document that governs park activities, hadn’t been updated since 1980. Awareness of sensitive habitats, endangered species, climate change and the impacts of cattle on ecosystems had evolved since then, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parties came to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/getinvolved/upload/planning_ranch_cmp_settlement_agreement_final_170714.pdf\">court-approved settlement agreement (PDF)\u003c/a> that required the Park Service to amend its general management plan with an emphasis on the 28,000 acres affected by ranching activities. They had to come up with several scenarios, including one that would eliminate all ranching from the park. They also had to detail the environmental impacts of their preferred option, which involved several rounds of public comment and a presentation before the California Coastal Commission, which safeguards the state’s coastline and is concerned with the health of the waterways that run into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936897\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936897\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-800x600.jpg\" alt='Protesters hold signs that say \"Save the Elk\" and \"Protect the Herd.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People protest the National Park Service over a plan to cull Tule elk at Point Reyes National Seashore in Northern California. \u003ccite>(Peg Hunter/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the past several years, in public comment and through advocacy, environmentalists have argued that it’s time for cattle ranching to end in Point Reyes National Seashore. They say cattle suppress endemic plant species and endanger protected animals like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/species/amphibians/California_red-legged_frog/index.html\">California red-legged frog\u003c/a> when their manure gets into waterways. And, they’re concerned that as climate change worsens, drier conditions will be the norm, further upsetting ecosystems. If water and grass are scarce in Point Reyes, they say, it should go to the endemic flora and fauna, not cattle raised by private businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complicating the matter are the Tule elk, which have no natural predators now that grizzly bears no longer roam the area. Current management practices used throughout the state call for \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=162912&inline\">lethal termination to keep herd sizes in check (PDF)\u003c/a>. But in the 1990s, the Park Service got major pushback from the public when they proposed killing some of the Tule elk behind the fence once their numbers had grown too large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, in 1998, the Park Service moved some of the elk from behind the fence to a wilderness area near Limantour Beach. In the early 2000s, some of those elk migrated to an area near Drakes Beach, creating another herd.* These free-roaming herds have increasingly created problems for the ranchers, knocking down fences and competing for the same grass cattle eat. The Park Service has said it will actively keep these unfenced herds at specific sizes, terminating elk if need be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5237-scaled-e1672877098790.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936879\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5237-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Four male elk walk down a grassy hillside\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the ’70s, the Park Service designated the northern tip of Point Reyes as an elk preserve. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The elk situation has increasingly called attention to the Park Service’s management of the national seashore. Some Bay Area residents, like our question-asker this week, Beth Touchette, are wondering whether ranching is still appropriate there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Cattle ranching] never really bothered me until the drought got really bad,” she said. “There’s just limited resources and it’s like, well, how do we decide who gets this limited water? Should it be cattle ranching or should it be trying to keep the wildlife in the national park?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranching advocates and the National Park Service say the issue needn’t be so cut-and-dried. While they admit they do need to plan for more extreme dry conditions in the future, they contend there are ways for the agency to balance ecological diversity with the direction from Congress and the Department of the Interior to continue to grant leases to ranchers. They say they are committed to more monitoring and regulation of the ranches in the park to ensure high environmental standards are met. In public comment, the ranchers also have committed to complying with environmental requirements. The Secretary of the interior could decide to end the decades long agreement, but so far each one, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/office-of-the-secretary\">the current Secretary Deb Haaland,\u003c/a> have not chosen to exercise that authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>All eyes on what’s next\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>History is at the heart of the debate about the future of Point Reyes National Seashore. The Coast Miwok were pushed off this land by Spanish colonizers, and again by ranchers decades later. Environmentalists and ranchers once found middle ground to create this 70,000-acre park. That ground has gotten shaky. How and if the Park Service can balance the interests of all parties going forward is yet to be seen. But the economic future of part of the community, the health of the environment and the very spirit of this land are at stake. Everyone will be watching what happens here next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*An earlier version of this story said the NPS created the Drakes Bay herd, when in fact the second herd was a product of the original elk migrating to a new area. We regret the error.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Visitors searching for tule elk in Point Reyes are sometimes surprised to find cattle grazing on commercial ranches. This week on we explore the legacy of ranching on this land, and hear from those who want it to end.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3QhozaD\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is inspired by a question from Bay Curious listener Beth Touchette. She asked, “How did we end up allowing cattle in Point Reyes National Seashore?”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>aturday, Aug. 28, 2021, brought a dramatic scene to the normally peaceful, windblown hills of Tomales Point in Point Reyes National Seashore. Dozens of people, from small children to older adults, hauled jugs of water over hills and through valleys only to dump their precious cargo into nearly dry ponds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The volunteers were trying to keep the Tule elk that live on a fenced preserve alive during one of California’s longest droughts. In 2019, nearly a third of the herd died from a shortage of water and malnutrition — in part because they could not roam beyond the tall fence that contained them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Mammals/Elk/Tule-Elk\">Tule elk\u003c/a> are an endemic species found only in California. They were hunted almost to extinction in the 1800s, but have been making a comeback in places like Point Reyes. The elk are big, averaging around 400 pounds, and need room to roam and forage. But this herd is isolated behind the fence to keep them away from another animal grazing in the park — an animal that some environmentalists say is being given priority: cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Point Reyes National Seashore was established in 1962, it’s been a lot of things to a lot of people. To the general public, it’s a beloved park that offers beautiful coastline, lush forests and windswept grassy hills. To environmentalists, it’s a habitat worth preserving. To ranchers, it’s the land their livelihoods depend on. To the area’s Native people, it’s long been a homeland with sacred sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one time, these competing interests could exist in relative harmony on the 70,000 acres that make up the park — but increasing demands on the land have caused things to sour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5101-scaled-e1672874259984.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936864\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5101-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"A group of female Tule elk lounge on a green hillside. The rugged California coastline and ocean are visible in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Once abundant in Point Reyes, Tule elk were nearly hunted to extinction. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How cattle came to graze on Point Reyes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Point Reyes peninsula is the homeland of the Coast Miwok people, who lived here for generations alongside the Tule elk. When Spanish missionaries colonized the area, they brought cows with them. Although the missionaries were based in San Rafael, their cows would roam as far west as the Point Reyes peninsula. Later, when Spain granted the land to Mexico, rancheros divided up the peninsula and continued to run cattle. After the Mexican-American war, California changed hands once again to become part of the United States. In the chaotic transition period, the boundaries of the Mexican ranches on the peninsula were challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at some of the Spanish land grants, they literally said from the tree to the rock,” said Loretta Farley, a former park ranger at Point Reyes National Seashore. “So that’s really open to interpretation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squatters moved in and settled on the land. The Mexican rancheros took them to court, but lost because they didn’t have the paperwork to demarcate the boundaries of their land. The legal battles were many and complicated, but when the dust settled in 1857, the law firm of Shafter, Shafter, Park and Heydenfeldt emerged as primary owners of the peninsula we now know as Point Reyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After a series of tremendous fights we have beaten our adversaries at all points and, what is more, have humbled the strongest and the proudest of them,” \u003ca href=\"http://npshistory.com/publications/pore/hrs-ranching.pdf\">wrote Oscar Shafter (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936882\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 637px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11936882\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"637\" height=\"881\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg 637w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map-160x221.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A historic map of the alphabet ranch parcels in Point Reyes.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Shafter brothers divided their property into more than 30 sections and leased the land to immigrants flooding into the area from places like Ireland, Switzerland and the Azores, in Portugal. The Shafters named the ranches from A to Z, what we now call the historic alphabet ranches, and developed a flourishing dairy business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco was growing rapidly and people were hungry for the butter and cheese produced at the dairy farms. Later, when refrigeration was invented, the farms would also ship milk. At one point, the Point Reyes dairies produced more butter than anywhere else in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1900s, the Shafter families sold some of their land to the farmers who had been leasing it from them. Some of those families are still operating beef and dairy ranches to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Home of the Coast Miwok\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many of the laborers on those early dairy ranches were Coast Miwok people who had been enslaved by Spanish missionaries, but returned to their homes along Tomales Bay if they were able. Their way of life had been completely upended, and now white ranchers owned the land and offered some of the only employment around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My grandmother was a ranch cook,” said Theresa Harlan. “My uncles worked on ranches as ranch hands.” Harlan is now the founder and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alliance4felixcove.org/\">Alliance for Felix Cove\u003c/a>; the cove is known as Laird’s Landing on maps. Harlan’s mother is Tomalko (Coast Miwok Tomales Bay) and grew up in a small wooden cabin here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My family would row a small skiff across the bay to get mail or supplies that they couldn’t make themselves,” she said. “They say it was a 30-minute row.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harlan’s family was evicted in the 1950s by the white dairy farmers who owned the land at the time, Sayles Turney and James Lundgren. Harlan’s family tried to fight the eviction, saying they’d been there since the 1800s, and the case went all the way to the state Supreme Court. Her family ultimately lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936854\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/IMG_2299-scaled-e1672872337625.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936854\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/IMG_2299-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A couple stands below the porch of an old wooden cabin\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Theresa Harlan and her husband, Ken Tiger, pose in front of the wood cabin her great-grandfather Joe Felix built. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a historic site,” Harlan said. “This needs to be protected. This little house sits neglected. Why? Why? Because it was the home of Tomalko people, California Indian people?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s been pushing the National Park Service and the \u003ca href=\"https://gratonrancheria.com/\">Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria\u003c/a>, the federally recognized tribe with whom it partners to preserve Coast Miwok sites, to do more to explain and protect her family’s legacy here. In particular, she wants visitors to know that as recently as the 1950s Tomalko people lived here, but were pushed out, repeating the violent history of Indigenous people throughout California. This is family lore to her, not ancient history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other Coast Miwok archaeological sites in Point Reyes, but many of them are kept confidential because they are sacred. The cabins in Felix Cove represent a more modern side of Native American history here, one that existed alongside the ranching history, which has already been designated as historic. Still, far fewer people know about Theresa Harlan’s family than about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/news/newsreleases_20181113_ranches_national_register_of_historic_places.htm\">historic alphabet ranches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From private ranch land to national park\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For decades, West Marin remained quite rural, with the ranches dominating local life and culture. But after World War II, when the Bay Area population was booming and demand for housing was high, real estate speculators started eyeing the Point Reyes peninsula for subdivision and development. Conservationists and local residents didn’t want to see that happen. They rallied together to advocate for a national seashore that would preserve the coastline for the public in perpetuity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A local U.S. representative, Clem Miller, was the primary force advocating for the national seashore in Washington, D.C. To achieve the dream, park advocates had to convince the ranchers to sell their land to the federal government. At first, many ranchers were adamantly opposed to the idea, but they also saw that if it wanted to, the government could use eminent domain to take their land, so instead they made a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the government was most interested in preserving the coastline. So, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/getinvolved/upload/planning_gmp_ea_goga_pore_1980_map_management_zoning.pdf\">divided the park into pastoral zones and wilderness areas (PDF)\u003c/a>. The ranchers sold their land to the government, but retained the right to ranch the land in the pastoral zones. It took years for the federal government to acquire the land, but by 1978, most of the ranchers had signed 25-year leases. At the end of the lease, the Park Service could decide whether to renew or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrangement made most parties happy. Conservationists were proud to have saved the area for the public. And the ranchers had earned a chunk of cash, while retaining the right to lease their lands from the government. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/historyculture/people_coastmiwok.htm\">The Coast Miwok, however, continued to struggle for recognition.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original 25-year leases have long expired, but for decades the Park Service has renewed them on a five-year basis. This longevity has made the ranches an important part of the economy and culture of West Marin, as well as key players in the local organic food scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Recent controversies challenge the status quo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the National Park Service, which manages Point Reyes National Seashore, started a public process to update its Ranch Comprehensive Management Plan. Environmental groups watching the process believed the Park Service was heading down a road that would give ranchers more of what they wanted, without considering the rest of the park’s needs. So in 2016, a coalition of environmental groups sued the Park Service. They pointed out that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/management/upload/planning_gmp_1980.pdf\">Point Reyes General Management Plan (PDF)\u003c/a>, the document that governs park activities, hadn’t been updated since 1980. Awareness of sensitive habitats, endangered species, climate change and the impacts of cattle on ecosystems had evolved since then, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parties came to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/getinvolved/upload/planning_ranch_cmp_settlement_agreement_final_170714.pdf\">court-approved settlement agreement (PDF)\u003c/a> that required the Park Service to amend its general management plan with an emphasis on the 28,000 acres affected by ranching activities. They had to come up with several scenarios, including one that would eliminate all ranching from the park. They also had to detail the environmental impacts of their preferred option, which involved several rounds of public comment and a presentation before the California Coastal Commission, which safeguards the state’s coastline and is concerned with the health of the waterways that run into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936897\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936897\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-800x600.jpg\" alt='Protesters hold signs that say \"Save the Elk\" and \"Protect the Herd.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People protest the National Park Service over a plan to cull Tule elk at Point Reyes National Seashore in Northern California. \u003ccite>(Peg Hunter/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the past several years, in public comment and through advocacy, environmentalists have argued that it’s time for cattle ranching to end in Point Reyes National Seashore. They say cattle suppress endemic plant species and endanger protected animals like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/species/amphibians/California_red-legged_frog/index.html\">California red-legged frog\u003c/a> when their manure gets into waterways. And, they’re concerned that as climate change worsens, drier conditions will be the norm, further upsetting ecosystems. If water and grass are scarce in Point Reyes, they say, it should go to the endemic flora and fauna, not cattle raised by private businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complicating the matter are the Tule elk, which have no natural predators now that grizzly bears no longer roam the area. Current management practices used throughout the state call for \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=162912&inline\">lethal termination to keep herd sizes in check (PDF)\u003c/a>. But in the 1990s, the Park Service got major pushback from the public when they proposed killing some of the Tule elk behind the fence once their numbers had grown too large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, in 1998, the Park Service moved some of the elk from behind the fence to a wilderness area near Limantour Beach. In the early 2000s, some of those elk migrated to an area near Drakes Beach, creating another herd.* These free-roaming herds have increasingly created problems for the ranchers, knocking down fences and competing for the same grass cattle eat. The Park Service has said it will actively keep these unfenced herds at specific sizes, terminating elk if need be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5237-scaled-e1672877098790.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936879\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5237-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Four male elk walk down a grassy hillside\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the ’70s, the Park Service designated the northern tip of Point Reyes as an elk preserve. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The elk situation has increasingly called attention to the Park Service’s management of the national seashore. Some Bay Area residents, like our question-asker this week, Beth Touchette, are wondering whether ranching is still appropriate there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Cattle ranching] never really bothered me until the drought got really bad,” she said. “There’s just limited resources and it’s like, well, how do we decide who gets this limited water? Should it be cattle ranching or should it be trying to keep the wildlife in the national park?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranching advocates and the National Park Service say the issue needn’t be so cut-and-dried. While they admit they do need to plan for more extreme dry conditions in the future, they contend there are ways for the agency to balance ecological diversity with the direction from Congress and the Department of the Interior to continue to grant leases to ranchers. They say they are committed to more monitoring and regulation of the ranches in the park to ensure high environmental standards are met. In public comment, the ranchers also have committed to complying with environmental requirements. The Secretary of the interior could decide to end the decades long agreement, but so far each one, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/office-of-the-secretary\">the current Secretary Deb Haaland,\u003c/a> have not chosen to exercise that authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>All eyes on what’s next\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>History is at the heart of the debate about the future of Point Reyes National Seashore. The Coast Miwok were pushed off this land by Spanish colonizers, and again by ranchers decades later. Environmentalists and ranchers once found middle ground to create this 70,000-acre park. That ground has gotten shaky. How and if the Park Service can balance the interests of all parties going forward is yet to be seen. But the economic future of part of the community, the health of the environment and the very spirit of this land are at stake. Everyone will be watching what happens here next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*An earlier version of this story said the NPS created the Drakes Bay herd, when in fact the second herd was a product of the original elk migrating to a new area. We regret the error.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Pigs, morality and the U.S. Constitution were all in play at the U.S. Supreme Court on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case was about more than pigs, of course. It involves how much regulation a state may constitutionally enact when those laws have a significant effect on what happens in \u003cem>other\u003c/em> states. Tuesday’s case pitted most of the pork producers in the U.S. against a California law enacted by referendum by lopsided margins. The law bans the sale of pork in California when it is produced “inhumanely” — specifically, when the pork comes from pregnant or nursing sows confined in cages so small that the pigs cannot turn around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has fewer than 1% of the breeding pigs in the country. The state imports more than 99% of the pork meat it consumes. So the National Pork Producers Council and the American Farm Bureau Federation brought a legal challenge, contending that California’s law is unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that may not sound like a humdinger to a lot of readers, but the Supreme Court’s time limits on arguments seem to have flown out the window of late, and an oral argument that was scheduled for an hour and 10 minutes morphed into well over two hours on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Pork producers argument\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Timothy Bishop, representing the pork producers, conceded that California could ban pork products outright in the state, but he maintained that it could not impose a state law that principally affects what happens in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Elena Kagan took issue with drawing lines that way. “If you’re thinking about costs,” she said, “California banning your produce would be the greatest cost of all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bishop replied that the law’s main impact is “on the state where the business is located.” He noted that Iowa has 65,000 sow farms, which would be affected by the California law. What California is doing, Bishop said, is essentially trampling on Iowa’s ability to breed those sows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Sonia Sotomayor pointed to a brief in the case from scientists who argue that keeping sows so confined increases the likelihood of new diseases jumping from animals to humans. The policy, she reasoned, could just as legitimately be health-based, as well as morality-based.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Amy Coney Barrett seemed dubious about the pork industry’s assertion that a state’s moral interest should have no role to play. In that vein there were many hypotheticals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supposing this case occurred prior to the end of slavery, asked Kagan. Could a state ban goods produced by enslaved people?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Neil Gorsuch, in turn, asked why not let the market decide whether California’s law would achieve its desired results. After all, he said, there appear to be some pork producers willing and able to step in and meet California’s requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California’s view\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Defending California’s law, state Solicitor General Michael Mongan faced just as many tough questions. Chief Justice John Roberts noted a problem with morality-based regulations. “I think people in some states … that produce a lot of pork, in Iowa or North Carolina or Indiana, may think there’s a moral value in providing a low-cost source of protein to people, maybe particularly at times of rising food prices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several justices noted that a lot of policy disputes could inspire states to wield laws like this as a sort of weapon. What, they asked, would stop Texas from banning products produced by union labor, or another state from banning fruit picked by undocumented workers, or yet another state from banning goods produced by people in a state with a lower minimum wage?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live in a divided country,” Justice Kagan observed. “The balkanization that the Framers were concerned about is surely present today … do we want to live in a world where we’re constantly at each others throats and … Texas is at war with California and California at war with Texas?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Samuel Alito, taking aim at California’s role in the market, asked, “Is California unconcerned about all this because it is such a giant? … You can bully other states, and so you’re not really concerned about retaliation?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The questions were sufficiently difficult that conservative Justice Brett Kavanaugh and liberal Justice Kagan noted that the case had come to the court at what is known as the pleadings stage, without a trial or findings of fact. That could allow the court to make a minimal decision and send the case back to the lower courts for a fuller exploration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Pork producers went to the Supreme Court to argue that California’s regulation that bans the sale of 'inhumanely' produced pork is unconstitutional because it affects the economy of other states where the pork is produced.",
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"title": "Pigs Can't Fly, but They Can Produce Tough Legal Questions at the Supreme Court | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Pigs, morality and the U.S. Constitution were all in play at the U.S. Supreme Court on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case was about more than pigs, of course. It involves how much regulation a state may constitutionally enact when those laws have a significant effect on what happens in \u003cem>other\u003c/em> states. Tuesday’s case pitted most of the pork producers in the U.S. against a California law enacted by referendum by lopsided margins. The law bans the sale of pork in California when it is produced “inhumanely” — specifically, when the pork comes from pregnant or nursing sows confined in cages so small that the pigs cannot turn around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has fewer than 1% of the breeding pigs in the country. The state imports more than 99% of the pork meat it consumes. So the National Pork Producers Council and the American Farm Bureau Federation brought a legal challenge, contending that California’s law is unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that may not sound like a humdinger to a lot of readers, but the Supreme Court’s time limits on arguments seem to have flown out the window of late, and an oral argument that was scheduled for an hour and 10 minutes morphed into well over two hours on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Pork producers argument\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Timothy Bishop, representing the pork producers, conceded that California could ban pork products outright in the state, but he maintained that it could not impose a state law that principally affects what happens in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Elena Kagan took issue with drawing lines that way. “If you’re thinking about costs,” she said, “California banning your produce would be the greatest cost of all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bishop replied that the law’s main impact is “on the state where the business is located.” He noted that Iowa has 65,000 sow farms, which would be affected by the California law. What California is doing, Bishop said, is essentially trampling on Iowa’s ability to breed those sows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Sonia Sotomayor pointed to a brief in the case from scientists who argue that keeping sows so confined increases the likelihood of new diseases jumping from animals to humans. The policy, she reasoned, could just as legitimately be health-based, as well as morality-based.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Amy Coney Barrett seemed dubious about the pork industry’s assertion that a state’s moral interest should have no role to play. In that vein there were many hypotheticals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supposing this case occurred prior to the end of slavery, asked Kagan. Could a state ban goods produced by enslaved people?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Neil Gorsuch, in turn, asked why not let the market decide whether California’s law would achieve its desired results. After all, he said, there appear to be some pork producers willing and able to step in and meet California’s requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California’s view\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Defending California’s law, state Solicitor General Michael Mongan faced just as many tough questions. Chief Justice John Roberts noted a problem with morality-based regulations. “I think people in some states … that produce a lot of pork, in Iowa or North Carolina or Indiana, may think there’s a moral value in providing a low-cost source of protein to people, maybe particularly at times of rising food prices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several justices noted that a lot of policy disputes could inspire states to wield laws like this as a sort of weapon. What, they asked, would stop Texas from banning products produced by union labor, or another state from banning fruit picked by undocumented workers, or yet another state from banning goods produced by people in a state with a lower minimum wage?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live in a divided country,” Justice Kagan observed. “The balkanization that the Framers were concerned about is surely present today … do we want to live in a world where we’re constantly at each others throats and … Texas is at war with California and California at war with Texas?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Samuel Alito, taking aim at California’s role in the market, asked, “Is California unconcerned about all this because it is such a giant? … You can bully other states, and so you’re not really concerned about retaliation?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The questions were sufficiently difficult that conservative Justice Brett Kavanaugh and liberal Justice Kagan noted that the case had come to the court at what is known as the pleadings stage, without a trial or findings of fact. That could allow the court to make a minimal decision and send the case back to the lower courts for a fuller exploration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "San José Boosts Salary for Shelter Veterinarians, Amid Nationwide Shortage",
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"content": "\u003cp>San José is increasing the salary range for veterinarians for the second time this year, hoping to fill two months-long vacancies at its Animal Care and Services shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To fill the gap, shelter staff have been working with regional partners, such as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.snipbus.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">mobile spay and neuter service called SNIP Bus\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,\u003c/span> as well as volunteer vets from the Humane Society of Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=11146139&GUID=A130820E-CA6B-4167-8173-074E69F92EBE\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The City Council passed the resolution\u003c/span>\u003c/a> last week, boosting the pay range for full-time vets by 12.36% and for part-time vets by 4.5%, effective September 4. New full-time hires also will receive a hiring incentive of $20,000, distributed across the span of a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' citation='Erin Cizan, San José Animal Care and Services']‘We are prioritizing the care and the welfare of the animals in our care, so it’s resulted in us not being able to offer community services such as low-cost spay and neuter.’[/pullquote]Both of the city’s two full-time veterinarian positions have been open and unfilled since February. Despite a substantial pay boost that month plus recruitment efforts,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=11146139&GUID=A130820E-CA6B-4167-8173-074E69F92EBE\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">there are still no qualified candidates, the city said in a memo\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Cizan, spokesperson for the city’s Animal Care and Services Division, says the shortage of vets is rough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way this has affected us is that we are prioritizing the care and the welfare of the animals in our care,” she said, “so it’s resulted in us not being able to offer community services such as low-cost spay and neuter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11924219\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11924219\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-800x640.jpg\" alt=\"A large white dog with ears pointed up and a big smile sits on the lap of a man wearing gray denim pants, a gray short-sleeved staff t-shirt with a white circle logo for San Jose Animal Care & Services, and a blue surgical mask. The man has a hand on the dog's shoulder.\" width=\"800\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-800x640.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-1020x816.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-160x128.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-1536x1229.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Edward Robinson, a staff member with Animal Care and Services, with Ghost, at San José City Hall on Tuesday, Aug. 30, 2022. \u003ccite>(Erin Cizan/Animal Care and Services)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The center relies for medical services on many part-time veterinarians, in addition to the two full-time employees. With them the shelter has also cut back on its other services, such as the trap-neuter-release program for cats and its spay and neuter surgeries to prepare cats and dogs for adoption. Turnaround time for these services has slowed without full-time vets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem extends beyond San José. According to the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, there’s \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nifa.usda.gov/vmlrp-map?state=52\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">nationwide shortage of vets\u003c/span>\u003c/a> at a time when they’re in high demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s being driven by multiple factors,” Cizan said. “One of them has to do with older veterinarians. The baby boomer generation is retiring out of the practice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also says there aren’t enough veterinary schools in the country and there are a limited number of seats in each school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11907615']According to the American Veterinary Medical Association, there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/2022-02/colleges-accredited-1-2022.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">33 accredited colleges of veterinary medicine in the country\u003c/span>\u003c/a>. Two are located in California, at UC Davis and Western University of Health Sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, San José increased salaries by 25% for full-time vets and 18.22% for part-time vets. Still, the only qualified candidate to submit an application then turned down the job because the pay was too low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the latest wage hike, the salary range for full-time vets in San José hired after September 4 moves from $123,926.40 to $150,966.40, up to $139,235.50 to $169,624. That puts the \u003ca href=\"https://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/Occguides/AllOESWage.aspx?soccode=291131\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">bottom of the salary range above what full-time vets typically make in private practice\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in San Benito and Santa Clara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new salary range for part-time vets will be $122,491.20 to $169.624.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Choosing to increase it again since the February increase one more time to make it more enticing is to get a quality candidate into that position,” Cizan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city settled on the amount for the wage increases after conducting internal salary surveys across the city’s job classifications and talking to shelters around the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cizan says she hopes increasing the salary of full-time vets this time around will attract more qualified candidates for the Animal Care and Services center’s vacant positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San José is increasing the salary range for veterinarians for the second time this year, hoping to fill two months-long vacancies at its Animal Care and Services shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To fill the gap, shelter staff have been working with regional partners, such as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.snipbus.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">mobile spay and neuter service called SNIP Bus\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,\u003c/span> as well as volunteer vets from the Humane Society of Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=11146139&GUID=A130820E-CA6B-4167-8173-074E69F92EBE\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The City Council passed the resolution\u003c/span>\u003c/a> last week, boosting the pay range for full-time vets by 12.36% and for part-time vets by 4.5%, effective September 4. New full-time hires also will receive a hiring incentive of $20,000, distributed across the span of a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Both of the city’s two full-time veterinarian positions have been open and unfilled since February. Despite a substantial pay boost that month plus recruitment efforts,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=11146139&GUID=A130820E-CA6B-4167-8173-074E69F92EBE\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">there are still no qualified candidates, the city said in a memo\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Cizan, spokesperson for the city’s Animal Care and Services Division, says the shortage of vets is rough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way this has affected us is that we are prioritizing the care and the welfare of the animals in our care,” she said, “so it’s resulted in us not being able to offer community services such as low-cost spay and neuter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11924219\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11924219\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-800x640.jpg\" alt=\"A large white dog with ears pointed up and a big smile sits on the lap of a man wearing gray denim pants, a gray short-sleeved staff t-shirt with a white circle logo for San Jose Animal Care & Services, and a blue surgical mask. The man has a hand on the dog's shoulder.\" width=\"800\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-800x640.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-1020x816.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-160x128.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388-1536x1229.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/IMG_8109-scaled-e1661967373388.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Edward Robinson, a staff member with Animal Care and Services, with Ghost, at San José City Hall on Tuesday, Aug. 30, 2022. \u003ccite>(Erin Cizan/Animal Care and Services)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The center relies for medical services on many part-time veterinarians, in addition to the two full-time employees. With them the shelter has also cut back on its other services, such as the trap-neuter-release program for cats and its spay and neuter surgeries to prepare cats and dogs for adoption. Turnaround time for these services has slowed without full-time vets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem extends beyond San José. According to the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, there’s \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nifa.usda.gov/vmlrp-map?state=52\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">nationwide shortage of vets\u003c/span>\u003c/a> at a time when they’re in high demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s being driven by multiple factors,” Cizan said. “One of them has to do with older veterinarians. The baby boomer generation is retiring out of the practice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also says there aren’t enough veterinary schools in the country and there are a limited number of seats in each school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>According to the American Veterinary Medical Association, there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/2022-02/colleges-accredited-1-2022.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">33 accredited colleges of veterinary medicine in the country\u003c/span>\u003c/a>. Two are located in California, at UC Davis and Western University of Health Sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, San José increased salaries by 25% for full-time vets and 18.22% for part-time vets. Still, the only qualified candidate to submit an application then turned down the job because the pay was too low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the latest wage hike, the salary range for full-time vets in San José hired after September 4 moves from $123,926.40 to $150,966.40, up to $139,235.50 to $169,624. That puts the \u003ca href=\"https://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/Occguides/AllOESWage.aspx?soccode=291131\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">bottom of the salary range above what full-time vets typically make in private practice\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in San Benito and Santa Clara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new salary range for part-time vets will be $122,491.20 to $169.624.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Choosing to increase it again since the February increase one more time to make it more enticing is to get a quality candidate into that position,” Cizan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city settled on the amount for the wage increases after conducting internal salary surveys across the city’s job classifications and talking to shelters around the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cizan says she hopes increasing the salary of full-time vets this time around will attract more qualified candidates for the Animal Care and Services center’s vacant positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>If you’ve been thinking about adopting a pet, now could be a good time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> That’s because the San Francisco Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SF SPCA) and San Francisco Animal Care and Control say they currently have an unusually high number of dogs in their care. As a result, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfspca.org/adoptions/dogs/?\">SF SPCA is currently waiving all adoption fees for dogs 5 months and older\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfanimalcare.org/adoptable-animals/dogs/\">San Francisco Animal Care and Control is offering a similar program\u003c/a>, and waiving the adoption fees for big dogs — such as pit bulls, German shepherds, huskies and ridgebacks — through June, with the possibility that the program will be extended.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Why are dog adoptions declining?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The high number of dogs in these shelters is yet another consequence of the pandemic. Spay and neuter surgeries have been delayed due to COVID, which has resulted in many more homeless animals. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Increased travel, offices opening up and loosening restrictions also mean that demand for adoptions is declining. All of this means that many shelters around the country are running out of space for animals.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s a complete reversal from the beginning of the pandemic, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2022/01/07/covid-dogs-return-to-work/\">when figures indicated that almost 1 in 5 American households adopted a pet (including President Biden)\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We’ve seen [overcrowding] in the past, but not all at once — and not in such a drastic change from where we were just a year ago,” s\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ays Lisa Feder, SF SPCA’s chief of rescue and welfare.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When they were overpopulated in the past, she says, the SF SPCA would transfer animals to shelters that didn’t have enough for the demand, usually in the Pacific Northwest and Northeast. Now, those out-of-state shelters also are full — and animals don’t have anywhere else to go. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How big dogs get overlooked\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s also a specific type of dog that’s getting left behind. M\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ost of the dogs in the SF SPCA that need a new home are huskies, shepherds and lab mixes between 40 and 60 pounds, says Feder — and she attributes that fact to the common \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">belief among the public that bigger dogs aren’t compatible with city living. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But size and breed \u003cem>don’t\u003c/em> affect compatibility nearly as much as people would think, says Feder. “Adopting dogs and finding the right dog for your family is really more about personality and lifestyle than it is about size or, frankly, even breed,” she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917329\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11917329 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue.jpg\" alt=\"Two photos of dogs are next to one another. On the left is a black dog with a red harness standing on some green grass with leaves on it. On the right is a light yellow dog resting its head on an orange ball.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blue (left) and Bananny (right) are two dogs that are up for adoption at the SF SPCA. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of the East Bay SPCA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Elsewhere in the Bay Area, the East Bay SPCA is experiencing the same problem. Blue and Bananny (pictured above) have been in their care for 8 months and 9 months, respectively — highly unusual for an organization that usually considers 1-2 months a long time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://eastbayspca.org/adoptions/\">The East Bay organization has joined the SF SPCA in waiving adoption fees for many animals,\u003c/a> and is also celebrating “Adopt a Shelter Cat” month by waiving fees for many adult cats.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>For prospective owners\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>If you’re drawn by the SF SPCA’s current waiving of adoption fees,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Feder recommends first meeting with a counselor there, so they can make a match between you and a pet based on lifestyle. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The SF SPCA also offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfspca.org/resource-library/\">follow-up support for people who need help adjusting to owning a new dog\u003c/a>, including phone assistance, behavioral training and even a 1-1 consultation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The SF SPCA hasn’t yet planned an end date for the promotion, but Feder says it’s likely the organization will keep waiving fees throughout the summer to help mitigate stress on shelters. And the SF SPCA’s Communications and Community Engagement Manager Krista Maloney says that p\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">eople who take advantage of the waived fees to adopt should know that their actions will have a wider effect.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When someone adopts, they’re not just saving one animal’s life, they’re also creating space so we can save another animal,” she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you’ve been thinking about adopting a pet, now could be a good time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> That’s because the San Francisco Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SF SPCA) and San Francisco Animal Care and Control say they currently have an unusually high number of dogs in their care. As a result, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfspca.org/adoptions/dogs/?\">SF SPCA is currently waiving all adoption fees for dogs 5 months and older\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfanimalcare.org/adoptable-animals/dogs/\">San Francisco Animal Care and Control is offering a similar program\u003c/a>, and waiving the adoption fees for big dogs — such as pit bulls, German shepherds, huskies and ridgebacks — through June, with the possibility that the program will be extended.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Why are dog adoptions declining?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The high number of dogs in these shelters is yet another consequence of the pandemic. Spay and neuter surgeries have been delayed due to COVID, which has resulted in many more homeless animals. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Increased travel, offices opening up and loosening restrictions also mean that demand for adoptions is declining. All of this means that many shelters around the country are running out of space for animals.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s a complete reversal from the beginning of the pandemic, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2022/01/07/covid-dogs-return-to-work/\">when figures indicated that almost 1 in 5 American households adopted a pet (including President Biden)\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We’ve seen [overcrowding] in the past, but not all at once — and not in such a drastic change from where we were just a year ago,” s\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ays Lisa Feder, SF SPCA’s chief of rescue and welfare.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When they were overpopulated in the past, she says, the SF SPCA would transfer animals to shelters that didn’t have enough for the demand, usually in the Pacific Northwest and Northeast. Now, those out-of-state shelters also are full — and animals don’t have anywhere else to go. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How big dogs get overlooked\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s also a specific type of dog that’s getting left behind. M\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ost of the dogs in the SF SPCA that need a new home are huskies, shepherds and lab mixes between 40 and 60 pounds, says Feder — and she attributes that fact to the common \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">belief among the public that bigger dogs aren’t compatible with city living. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But size and breed \u003cem>don’t\u003c/em> affect compatibility nearly as much as people would think, says Feder. “Adopting dogs and finding the right dog for your family is really more about personality and lifestyle than it is about size or, frankly, even breed,” she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11917329\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11917329 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue.jpg\" alt=\"Two photos of dogs are next to one another. On the left is a black dog with a red harness standing on some green grass with leaves on it. On the right is a light yellow dog resting its head on an orange ball.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/bananny_blue-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blue (left) and Bananny (right) are two dogs that are up for adoption at the SF SPCA. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of the East Bay SPCA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Elsewhere in the Bay Area, the East Bay SPCA is experiencing the same problem. Blue and Bananny (pictured above) have been in their care for 8 months and 9 months, respectively — highly unusual for an organization that usually considers 1-2 months a long time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://eastbayspca.org/adoptions/\">The East Bay organization has joined the SF SPCA in waiving adoption fees for many animals,\u003c/a> and is also celebrating “Adopt a Shelter Cat” month by waiving fees for many adult cats.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>For prospective owners\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>If you’re drawn by the SF SPCA’s current waiving of adoption fees,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Feder recommends first meeting with a counselor there, so they can make a match between you and a pet based on lifestyle. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The SF SPCA also offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfspca.org/resource-library/\">follow-up support for people who need help adjusting to owning a new dog\u003c/a>, including phone assistance, behavioral training and even a 1-1 consultation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The SF SPCA hasn’t yet planned an end date for the promotion, but Feder says it’s likely the organization will keep waiving fees throughout the summer to help mitigate stress on shelters. And the SF SPCA’s Communications and Community Engagement Manager Krista Maloney says that p\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">eople who take advantage of the waived fees to adopt should know that their actions will have a wider effect.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When someone adopts, they’re not just saving one animal’s life, they’re also creating space so we can save another animal,” she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "July 4th Fireworks: From PTSD to Wildfire, How to Stay Safe This Summer",
"headTitle": "KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>July 4th is once again around the corner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may feel harder for many to celebrate this year, on the heels of devastating mass shootings in Buffalo and Uvalde, countless other instances of lethal gun violence around the country, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11917111/even-without-roe-v-wade-abortion-is-still-legal-in-california-heres-what-you-need-to-know\">the Supreme Court's decision to overturn Roe v. Wade\u003c/a> — all amid the ongoing COVID pandemic that is still claiming many lives around the country every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you're one of those feeling this way about the upcoming holiday, Fourth of July events will still be taking place near you as the weekend approaches. These celebrations often mean fireworks: lots of them. And that's not good news for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it's official fireworks displays or illegal fireworks being set off in your neighborhood, the sudden noise of such displays can cause challenges for many. Read on for advice on how to handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#PTSD\">How fireworks affect PTSD survivors\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#wildfire\">Reducing wildfire risk from fireworks\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#pets\">Tips for pet owners on July 4th\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Which fireworks are legal — and which aren't?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The state of California regulates the sale and use of fireworks to cut down on threats to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A legal firework has gone under testing by the state to ensure that the characteristics of it are inherently safer than those that don't get our safety seal,\" says Daniel Berlant, deputy director of community wildfire preparedness and mitigation at Cal Fire. \"Really, any firework that explodes, goes up in the air or moves around the ground uncontrollably are considered illegal fireworks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just about the type of firework, but where they're being used. In California, the\u003ca href=\"http://www.readyforwildfire.org/wp-content/uploads/CA-Retail-Booth-Locations-2022.pdf\"> sale and use of state-approved fireworks each 4th of July\u003c/a> — known as \u003ca href=\"https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/l5uef2bv/2021-california-state-approved-safe-and-sane-fireworks-book.pdf\">\"Safe and Sane\" fireworks\u003c/a> — is permitted in a limited number of communities: only about 300 statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, those places are: Cloverdale, Dixon, Dublin, Gilroy, Newark, Pacifica, Rio Vista, Rohnert Park, San Bruno, Sebastopol, Suisun City and Union City. \u003ca href=\"http://www.readyforwildfire.org/wp-content/uploads/CA-Retail-Booth-Locations-2022.pdf\">See the full list of places where July 4th fireworks are permitted.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anywhere else, even on the Fourth of July weekend and even if they're on the \u003ca href=\"https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/l5uef2bv/2021-california-state-approved-safe-and-sane-fireworks-book.pdf\">Safe and Sane list\u003c/a>, fireworks are illegal.\u003ca href=\"http://www.readyforwildfire.org/wp-content/uploads/CA-Retail-Booth-Locations-2022.pdf\"> \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You also have only a \"very small window\" to purchase Safe and Sane fireworks around the Fourth of July holiday, says Berlant: from 12 p.m. on June 28 through 12 p.m. on July 6 each year. (That's unless a community has a local ordinance that's even more restrictive.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's worth noting that last year, \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/skip-the-fireworks-this-record-dry-4th-of-july-over-150-wildfire-scientists-urge-the-us-west-163561\">over 150 fire scientists joined many fire officials across the West\u003c/a> to urge that residents abandon their plans to launch personal fireworks on July 4, on account of the wildfire risk. Jump straight to \u003ca href=\"#wildfire\">more expert tips for safe firework use that reduces wildfire risk\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"PTSD\">\u003c/a>Risks for people living with PTSD\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11826052\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11826052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd-800x500.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd-1536x960.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fireworks can be triggering for people living with PTSD. \u003ccite>(Vojtech Okenka/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fireworks can trigger symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans or victims of gun violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Brian Mohlenhoff\"]'What I'm hoping is that after [fireworks] happen, they can quickly reorient and remind themselves that they're in a safe place, and they're not back there. So anything that can help with that is a good thing.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Brian Mohlenhoff, a psychiatrist in the PTSD clinic at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, told KQED in 2020 that many of his patients struggle when there's an uptick in fireworks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mohlenhoff says he encourages his patients to focus on the present, adding, “What I'm hoping is that after [fireworks] happen, they can quickly reorient and remind themselves that they’re in a safe place, and they're not back there. So anything that can help with that is a good thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the inevitability of fireworks going off across the Bay Area on a nightly basis, Mohlenhoff shared advice with KQED for how people suffering from PTSD can prepare and cope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plan ahead (if you can)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Preparation may be more difficult if you're hearing fireworks going off \u003cem>ahead\u003c/em> of July 4 — instead of being confined to a single holiday. With fireworks happening at unpredictable times, it’s impossible to know when to expect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s harder than the Fourth of July, because that random explosion is very similar to a lot of people to what it's like on a base,” Mohlenhoff says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you can, try to reduce the noise by listening to music, watching a movie or playing video games with headphones on. If you're also triggered by bright flashes, close your curtains or blinds to block the light at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Focus on the present and ask for support\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important mental health tip, Mohlenhoff says, is to ground in the present moment and remind yourself you’re safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can use grounding techniques to focus on your surroundings, such as naming out loud five things you can see, four things you can touch, three things you can hear, two things you can smell and one thing you can taste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mohlenhoff says it can also be helpful to orient toward what's around you and tell yourself things like, “I'm here in my home. I'm here with my loved ones. I'm here with my dog. And that boom is just the fireworks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having a supportive friend or family member present (or that you can call) is often the most grounding for patients, Mohlenhoff says. It's important for them to remind the person suffering from PTSD that they're safe in the here and now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get \u003ca href=\"https://www.helpguide.org/articles/ptsd-trauma/helping-someone-with-ptsd.htm\">more tips on how to help a loved one coping with PTSD\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Download a mindfulness app\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're by yourself or need extra support, you can try a coaching app to guide you through grounding exercises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mohlenhoff recommends \u003ca href=\"https://www.ptsd.va.gov/appvid/mobile/mindfulcoach_app.asp\">Mindfulness Coach\u003c/a>, a free app created by the National Center for PTSD that offers guided meditations and coping strategies. Here is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ptsd.va.gov/appvid/mobile/index.asp\">a list of more recommended apps from the National Center for PTSD\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Talk to a mental health professional\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're seeking professional help, the National Center for PTSD has \u003ca href=\"https://www.ptsd.va.gov/gethelp/find_therapist.asp\">information on how to find a therapist, counselor or mental health provider\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is a list of free hotlines to speak with a professional:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org\">National Suicide Prevention Lifeline\u003c/a>: (800) 273-8255\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>For the veteran’s crisis line, press 1.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>For deaf and hard of hearing support, dial (800) 799-4889.\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nimh.nih.gov/index.shtml\">National Institute of Mental Health\u003c/a>: (866) 615-6464\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.crisistextline.org\">Crisis Text Line\u003c/a>: Text HOME to 741741\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Here are Bay Area centers specializing in patients with PTSD:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sanfrancisco.va.gov\">San Francisco VA Health Care System\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareatrauma.com/\">Bay Area Trauma Center \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.traumarecoveryclinic.org\">Bay Area Trauma Recovery Clinical Services\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"wildfire\">\u003c/a>Fireworks and fire risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11552046\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11552046\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks.jpg\" alt=\"Unsanctioned fireworks are seen over Oakland on July 4, 2017.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1167\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-160x97.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-800x486.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-1020x620.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-1180x717.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-960x584.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-240x146.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-375x228.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-520x316.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Unsanctioned fireworks are seen over Oakland on July 4, 2017. \u003ccite>(Theodore Roddy/YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/4dof2a4s/fireworksfires_2012-2021.pdf#California%20Fireworks%20Statistics%20(2012-2021)%20(PDF)\">Cal Fire's figures on firework fires\u003c/a> are sobering: In 2021, 916 fires caused by fireworks resulted in over $3.2 million of damage to properties around the state. 2020 was even worse, with more than 2,000 fires in California resulting in over $8 million of property damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mishandled fireworks specifically around the Fourth of July in California have caused real damage in the past. In 2014, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2015/06/27/fourth-of-july-gone-bad-fireworks-casualty-warns-of-holiday-hazard/\">a reveler set off fireworks in Yolo County\u003c/a> near the Monticello Dam, igniting a 6,500-acre blaze that took days to put out, injured five firefighters and drove dozens of people from their homes.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lt. Jonathan Baxter, spokesperson, San Francisco Fire Department\"]'Sparklers burn at 1,800 degrees, which is [hot] enough to burn gold. So if it can burn gold, you can imagine what it can do to your hand.'[/pullquote]Cal Fire's Daniel Berlant says now that most of the fireworks shows that were cancelled due to COVID in 2020 and 2021 have returned, the agency hopes \"that more people follow our recommendations and attend a community-based public display show shot by professionals versus breaking the law and using illegal fireworks.\u003ci>\"\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's usually always dry around this time of year, says Berlant, but this year the status of California's drought makes the wildfire risks posed by fireworks even higher. \"It's not going to take much for an illegal firework to spark a wildfire,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're \u003cem>still\u003c/em> considering setting off your own fireworks display over the Fourth of July weekend, you might want to consider the impact fireworks have on the Bay Area's air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District has warned that every year at this time, the smoke, dust and soot from fireworks add to unhealthy spikes in particulate matter, and urges residents to \"consider your health and the health of your family before lighting personal fireworks.\" The agency also encourages people to avoid firing up the barbecue, lighting a campfire and other fire-related activities that all add to overall air pollution, which weighs on everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether you're planning to light up some fireworks or simply watch them from afar, here are a few safety tips, compiled from experts around the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Know the regulations in your community\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check this list to \u003ca href=\"http://ca-fireworks.presskit247.com/content/content-article.asp?ArticleID=508\">find out whether fireworks are legal in your city\u003c/a> this Fourth of July. Fireworks aren't permitted in California State Parks, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you are coming to visit the parks, leave your fireworks at home,\" urges State Parks information officer Adeline Yee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Use only approved fireworks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although certain fireworks are legal in much of California, the state has a zero-tolerance policy for both the sale and use of illegal fireworks, and violators may face fines of up to $50,000 and jail time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illegal fireworks include firecrackers, Roman candles, sky rockets, bottle rockets, aerial shells and other fireworks that move on the ground or in the air in an uncontrollable manner. Want to do a quick check? Look for the Safe and Sane label that indicates fire marshal approval, and consult \u003ca href=\"https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/l5uef2bv/2021-california-state-approved-safe-and-sane-fireworks-book.pdf\">Cal Fire's full list of approved \"Safe and Sane\" fireworks.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Jonathan Baxter, a spokesperson for the San Francisco Fire Department, also told us in 2019 that sparklers are illegal in San Francisco. “Sparklers burn at 1,800 degrees, which is [hot] enough to burn gold,” he said. “So if it can burn gold, you can imagine what it can do to your hand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plan your location wisely\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As well as being sure \u003ca href=\"http://ca-fireworks.presskit247.com/content/content-article.asp?ArticleID=508\">whether fireworks are even legal in your city\u003c/a> this Fourth of July, consider \u003cem>where\u003c/em> you're setting them off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We really are urging people to be extra cautious in wildland areas,\" says Cal Fire's Berlant, who notes that even in urban areas, fireworks can still spark a wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berlant recommends you make \"sure that Safe and Sane fireworks are used in areas that are cleared from vegetation\" and are lit in \"parking lots or in driveways that are surrounded by nothing that could catch on fire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Be ready to douse a fire\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Never point fireworks at yourself or another person, and never attempt to relight or fix a firework that won’t light. Designate a sober, responsible adult to light up the fireworks. Light one firework at a time, far away from dry grass, and have a bucket of water or a hose handy in case something goes wrong. Also, this may sound obvious, but alcohol and fireworks do \u003cem>not\u003c/em> mix well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Properly dispose of fireworks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the celebration, all used and misfired fireworks should be submerged in water for 15 minutes and wrapped in a plastic bag to keep them from drying up. Then toss them in the household trash. Any unused fireworks that have not expired should be kept in a cool, dry place away from children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944577/keep-your-fireworks-from-becoming-a-wildfire-this-fourth-of-july\">full list of tips on preventing causing a wildfire with your fireworks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"pets\">\u003c/a>Fireworks and dogs: How to keep your pets calm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11758999\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11758999\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/GettyImages-172621161-e1562195755163.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1355\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Make sure you know how to keep your pup safe during this year's Fourth of July celebrations. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fireworks are notorious for spooking animals, and shelters across the nation report \u003ca href=\"https://www.abc10.com/article/news/local/sacramento/verify-are-more-pets-lost-during-4th-of-july-than-any-other-time-of-the-year/103-569349422\">an increase in lost pets\u003c/a> every year on July 4.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We spoke with a veterinarian from the San Francisco Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11758991/6-tips-from-a-vet-to-keep-your-pets-safe-on-july-fourth\">advice on how to keep dogs and other pets happy while fireworks are happening\u003c/a>. Here are her top tips:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Keep pets at home — or leave town\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s natural for animals to be fearful of loud noises,” Dr. Sophie Liu, San Francisco SPCA resident in behavior medicine, told KQED in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since fireworks have been so frequent, make sure your pets are secure inside your home and you're able to monitor them. But, if possible, she recommends going out of town with your pets for July 4 — somewhere without fireworks, if possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update your pet’s tag and microchip information\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liu says shelters often receive microchipped animals but are unable to contact their owner because the pet's microchip information is outdated. Your veterinarian can help if you don’t know how to update this information or if you don't remember which microchip company you used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Recognize fearful behavior\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pets may perceive loud, unexpected noises as a threat, and running away or hiding is a natural survival instinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important to know whether your animal is anxious in order to prevent them from accidentally injuring themselves. Animals may be showing signs of fear if they are panting, licking their lips, whining, drooling, shaking, yawning, hiding or not accepting a treat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Create a safe space\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not uncommon to see pets trying to tear through metal crates, chew through door frames or jump out of windows,” Liu warns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She suggests owners create a safe haven for their pets before and during fireworks celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Choose a comfortable room without windows, or where you can close the curtains. Play soothing music or use a white noise machine,” Liu says. “The goal of these tools is to help your pet relax and stay calm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liu says some pets may want to hide in the bathroom due to its extra insulation, which could make a great safe space if your pet is naturally attracted to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Give them treats — but watch what they eat\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Distract your furry friends with what they love most — treats. Even better: Try a treat-dispensing toy, like a Kong, to keep them distracted for long periods of time. “A pet that is comfortable enough to be eating is less likely to be panicked or worried,\" Liu says.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Sophie Liu, SPCA\"]'Pets should never be near fireworks — not only is it scary for animals, but fireworks have the potential to cause serious harm.'[/pullquote]But be aware of what they have access to, she warns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’ve had animals come to our veterinary hospitals with severe injuries due to fireworks, including burns,\" Liu says. “Pets should never be near fireworks — not only is it scary for animals, but fireworks have the potential to cause serious harm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dogs also may try to eat fireworks that aren’t safely stored, which contain chemicals and heavy metals. Also, keep your canines from munching on sparklers, glow sticks, charcoal, kabob skewers and even\u003ca href=\"https://www.avma.org/public/PetCare/Pages/foods-to-avoid.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> these common foods that can be dangerous to pets\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Consider over-the-counter medication \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can try using calming pheromones to relax your pet, such as sprays for cats, and collars or plug-ins for dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If all else fails, and your pet is exhibiting severe anxious behavior, Liu says to talk with your vet about medication options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>These tips were drawn from our 2019 story \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11758991/6-tips-from-a-vet-to-keep-your-pets-safe-on-july-fourth\">\u003cstrong>6 Tips From a Vet to Keep Your Pets Safe on July Fourth\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Allessandra DiCorato and Jazmine Mejia Muñoz contributed to this story. An earlier version of this story was published June 25, 2020.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "As July 4, 2022, approaches, fireworks near you will become a common occurrence. From wildfire risks to people living with PTSD and anxious pets, we have tips for coping with the sights and sounds of fireworks shows.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>July 4th is once again around the corner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may feel harder for many to celebrate this year, on the heels of devastating mass shootings in Buffalo and Uvalde, countless other instances of lethal gun violence around the country, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11917111/even-without-roe-v-wade-abortion-is-still-legal-in-california-heres-what-you-need-to-know\">the Supreme Court's decision to overturn Roe v. Wade\u003c/a> — all amid the ongoing COVID pandemic that is still claiming many lives around the country every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you're one of those feeling this way about the upcoming holiday, Fourth of July events will still be taking place near you as the weekend approaches. These celebrations often mean fireworks: lots of them. And that's not good news for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it's official fireworks displays or illegal fireworks being set off in your neighborhood, the sudden noise of such displays can cause challenges for many. Read on for advice on how to handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#PTSD\">How fireworks affect PTSD survivors\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#wildfire\">Reducing wildfire risk from fireworks\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#pets\">Tips for pet owners on July 4th\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Which fireworks are legal — and which aren't?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The state of California regulates the sale and use of fireworks to cut down on threats to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A legal firework has gone under testing by the state to ensure that the characteristics of it are inherently safer than those that don't get our safety seal,\" says Daniel Berlant, deputy director of community wildfire preparedness and mitigation at Cal Fire. \"Really, any firework that explodes, goes up in the air or moves around the ground uncontrollably are considered illegal fireworks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just about the type of firework, but where they're being used. In California, the\u003ca href=\"http://www.readyforwildfire.org/wp-content/uploads/CA-Retail-Booth-Locations-2022.pdf\"> sale and use of state-approved fireworks each 4th of July\u003c/a> — known as \u003ca href=\"https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/l5uef2bv/2021-california-state-approved-safe-and-sane-fireworks-book.pdf\">\"Safe and Sane\" fireworks\u003c/a> — is permitted in a limited number of communities: only about 300 statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, those places are: Cloverdale, Dixon, Dublin, Gilroy, Newark, Pacifica, Rio Vista, Rohnert Park, San Bruno, Sebastopol, Suisun City and Union City. \u003ca href=\"http://www.readyforwildfire.org/wp-content/uploads/CA-Retail-Booth-Locations-2022.pdf\">See the full list of places where July 4th fireworks are permitted.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anywhere else, even on the Fourth of July weekend and even if they're on the \u003ca href=\"https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/l5uef2bv/2021-california-state-approved-safe-and-sane-fireworks-book.pdf\">Safe and Sane list\u003c/a>, fireworks are illegal.\u003ca href=\"http://www.readyforwildfire.org/wp-content/uploads/CA-Retail-Booth-Locations-2022.pdf\"> \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You also have only a \"very small window\" to purchase Safe and Sane fireworks around the Fourth of July holiday, says Berlant: from 12 p.m. on June 28 through 12 p.m. on July 6 each year. (That's unless a community has a local ordinance that's even more restrictive.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's worth noting that last year, \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/skip-the-fireworks-this-record-dry-4th-of-july-over-150-wildfire-scientists-urge-the-us-west-163561\">over 150 fire scientists joined many fire officials across the West\u003c/a> to urge that residents abandon their plans to launch personal fireworks on July 4, on account of the wildfire risk. Jump straight to \u003ca href=\"#wildfire\">more expert tips for safe firework use that reduces wildfire risk\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"PTSD\">\u003c/a>Risks for people living with PTSD\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11826052\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11826052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd-800x500.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/ptsd-1536x960.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fireworks can be triggering for people living with PTSD. \u003ccite>(Vojtech Okenka/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fireworks can trigger symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans or victims of gun violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'What I'm hoping is that after [fireworks] happen, they can quickly reorient and remind themselves that they're in a safe place, and they're not back there. So anything that can help with that is a good thing.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Brian Mohlenhoff, a psychiatrist in the PTSD clinic at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, told KQED in 2020 that many of his patients struggle when there's an uptick in fireworks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mohlenhoff says he encourages his patients to focus on the present, adding, “What I'm hoping is that after [fireworks] happen, they can quickly reorient and remind themselves that they’re in a safe place, and they're not back there. So anything that can help with that is a good thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the inevitability of fireworks going off across the Bay Area on a nightly basis, Mohlenhoff shared advice with KQED for how people suffering from PTSD can prepare and cope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plan ahead (if you can)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Preparation may be more difficult if you're hearing fireworks going off \u003cem>ahead\u003c/em> of July 4 — instead of being confined to a single holiday. With fireworks happening at unpredictable times, it’s impossible to know when to expect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s harder than the Fourth of July, because that random explosion is very similar to a lot of people to what it's like on a base,” Mohlenhoff says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you can, try to reduce the noise by listening to music, watching a movie or playing video games with headphones on. If you're also triggered by bright flashes, close your curtains or blinds to block the light at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Focus on the present and ask for support\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important mental health tip, Mohlenhoff says, is to ground in the present moment and remind yourself you’re safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can use grounding techniques to focus on your surroundings, such as naming out loud five things you can see, four things you can touch, three things you can hear, two things you can smell and one thing you can taste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mohlenhoff says it can also be helpful to orient toward what's around you and tell yourself things like, “I'm here in my home. I'm here with my loved ones. I'm here with my dog. And that boom is just the fireworks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having a supportive friend or family member present (or that you can call) is often the most grounding for patients, Mohlenhoff says. It's important for them to remind the person suffering from PTSD that they're safe in the here and now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get \u003ca href=\"https://www.helpguide.org/articles/ptsd-trauma/helping-someone-with-ptsd.htm\">more tips on how to help a loved one coping with PTSD\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Download a mindfulness app\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're by yourself or need extra support, you can try a coaching app to guide you through grounding exercises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mohlenhoff recommends \u003ca href=\"https://www.ptsd.va.gov/appvid/mobile/mindfulcoach_app.asp\">Mindfulness Coach\u003c/a>, a free app created by the National Center for PTSD that offers guided meditations and coping strategies. Here is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ptsd.va.gov/appvid/mobile/index.asp\">a list of more recommended apps from the National Center for PTSD\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Talk to a mental health professional\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're seeking professional help, the National Center for PTSD has \u003ca href=\"https://www.ptsd.va.gov/gethelp/find_therapist.asp\">information on how to find a therapist, counselor or mental health provider\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is a list of free hotlines to speak with a professional:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org\">National Suicide Prevention Lifeline\u003c/a>: (800) 273-8255\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>For the veteran’s crisis line, press 1.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>For deaf and hard of hearing support, dial (800) 799-4889.\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nimh.nih.gov/index.shtml\">National Institute of Mental Health\u003c/a>: (866) 615-6464\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.crisistextline.org\">Crisis Text Line\u003c/a>: Text HOME to 741741\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Here are Bay Area centers specializing in patients with PTSD:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sanfrancisco.va.gov\">San Francisco VA Health Care System\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareatrauma.com/\">Bay Area Trauma Center \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.traumarecoveryclinic.org\">Bay Area Trauma Recovery Clinical Services\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"wildfire\">\u003c/a>Fireworks and fire risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11552046\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11552046\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks.jpg\" alt=\"Unsanctioned fireworks are seen over Oakland on July 4, 2017.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1167\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-160x97.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-800x486.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-1020x620.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-1180x717.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-960x584.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-240x146.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-375x228.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/OaklandFireworks-520x316.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Unsanctioned fireworks are seen over Oakland on July 4, 2017. \u003ccite>(Theodore Roddy/YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/4dof2a4s/fireworksfires_2012-2021.pdf#California%20Fireworks%20Statistics%20(2012-2021)%20(PDF)\">Cal Fire's figures on firework fires\u003c/a> are sobering: In 2021, 916 fires caused by fireworks resulted in over $3.2 million of damage to properties around the state. 2020 was even worse, with more than 2,000 fires in California resulting in over $8 million of property damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mishandled fireworks specifically around the Fourth of July in California have caused real damage in the past. In 2014, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2015/06/27/fourth-of-july-gone-bad-fireworks-casualty-warns-of-holiday-hazard/\">a reveler set off fireworks in Yolo County\u003c/a> near the Monticello Dam, igniting a 6,500-acre blaze that took days to put out, injured five firefighters and drove dozens of people from their homes.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'Sparklers burn at 1,800 degrees, which is [hot] enough to burn gold. So if it can burn gold, you can imagine what it can do to your hand.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Cal Fire's Daniel Berlant says now that most of the fireworks shows that were cancelled due to COVID in 2020 and 2021 have returned, the agency hopes \"that more people follow our recommendations and attend a community-based public display show shot by professionals versus breaking the law and using illegal fireworks.\u003ci>\"\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's usually always dry around this time of year, says Berlant, but this year the status of California's drought makes the wildfire risks posed by fireworks even higher. \"It's not going to take much for an illegal firework to spark a wildfire,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're \u003cem>still\u003c/em> considering setting off your own fireworks display over the Fourth of July weekend, you might want to consider the impact fireworks have on the Bay Area's air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District has warned that every year at this time, the smoke, dust and soot from fireworks add to unhealthy spikes in particulate matter, and urges residents to \"consider your health and the health of your family before lighting personal fireworks.\" The agency also encourages people to avoid firing up the barbecue, lighting a campfire and other fire-related activities that all add to overall air pollution, which weighs on everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether you're planning to light up some fireworks or simply watch them from afar, here are a few safety tips, compiled from experts around the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Know the regulations in your community\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check this list to \u003ca href=\"http://ca-fireworks.presskit247.com/content/content-article.asp?ArticleID=508\">find out whether fireworks are legal in your city\u003c/a> this Fourth of July. Fireworks aren't permitted in California State Parks, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you are coming to visit the parks, leave your fireworks at home,\" urges State Parks information officer Adeline Yee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Use only approved fireworks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although certain fireworks are legal in much of California, the state has a zero-tolerance policy for both the sale and use of illegal fireworks, and violators may face fines of up to $50,000 and jail time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illegal fireworks include firecrackers, Roman candles, sky rockets, bottle rockets, aerial shells and other fireworks that move on the ground or in the air in an uncontrollable manner. Want to do a quick check? Look for the Safe and Sane label that indicates fire marshal approval, and consult \u003ca href=\"https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/l5uef2bv/2021-california-state-approved-safe-and-sane-fireworks-book.pdf\">Cal Fire's full list of approved \"Safe and Sane\" fireworks.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Jonathan Baxter, a spokesperson for the San Francisco Fire Department, also told us in 2019 that sparklers are illegal in San Francisco. “Sparklers burn at 1,800 degrees, which is [hot] enough to burn gold,” he said. “So if it can burn gold, you can imagine what it can do to your hand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plan your location wisely\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As well as being sure \u003ca href=\"http://ca-fireworks.presskit247.com/content/content-article.asp?ArticleID=508\">whether fireworks are even legal in your city\u003c/a> this Fourth of July, consider \u003cem>where\u003c/em> you're setting them off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We really are urging people to be extra cautious in wildland areas,\" says Cal Fire's Berlant, who notes that even in urban areas, fireworks can still spark a wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berlant recommends you make \"sure that Safe and Sane fireworks are used in areas that are cleared from vegetation\" and are lit in \"parking lots or in driveways that are surrounded by nothing that could catch on fire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Be ready to douse a fire\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Never point fireworks at yourself or another person, and never attempt to relight or fix a firework that won’t light. Designate a sober, responsible adult to light up the fireworks. Light one firework at a time, far away from dry grass, and have a bucket of water or a hose handy in case something goes wrong. Also, this may sound obvious, but alcohol and fireworks do \u003cem>not\u003c/em> mix well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Properly dispose of fireworks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the celebration, all used and misfired fireworks should be submerged in water for 15 minutes and wrapped in a plastic bag to keep them from drying up. Then toss them in the household trash. Any unused fireworks that have not expired should be kept in a cool, dry place away from children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944577/keep-your-fireworks-from-becoming-a-wildfire-this-fourth-of-july\">full list of tips on preventing causing a wildfire with your fireworks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"pets\">\u003c/a>Fireworks and dogs: How to keep your pets calm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11758999\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11758999\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/GettyImages-172621161-e1562195755163.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1355\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Make sure you know how to keep your pup safe during this year's Fourth of July celebrations. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fireworks are notorious for spooking animals, and shelters across the nation report \u003ca href=\"https://www.abc10.com/article/news/local/sacramento/verify-are-more-pets-lost-during-4th-of-july-than-any-other-time-of-the-year/103-569349422\">an increase in lost pets\u003c/a> every year on July 4.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We spoke with a veterinarian from the San Francisco Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11758991/6-tips-from-a-vet-to-keep-your-pets-safe-on-july-fourth\">advice on how to keep dogs and other pets happy while fireworks are happening\u003c/a>. Here are her top tips:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Keep pets at home — or leave town\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s natural for animals to be fearful of loud noises,” Dr. Sophie Liu, San Francisco SPCA resident in behavior medicine, told KQED in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since fireworks have been so frequent, make sure your pets are secure inside your home and you're able to monitor them. But, if possible, she recommends going out of town with your pets for July 4 — somewhere without fireworks, if possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update your pet’s tag and microchip information\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liu says shelters often receive microchipped animals but are unable to contact their owner because the pet's microchip information is outdated. Your veterinarian can help if you don’t know how to update this information or if you don't remember which microchip company you used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Recognize fearful behavior\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pets may perceive loud, unexpected noises as a threat, and running away or hiding is a natural survival instinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important to know whether your animal is anxious in order to prevent them from accidentally injuring themselves. Animals may be showing signs of fear if they are panting, licking their lips, whining, drooling, shaking, yawning, hiding or not accepting a treat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Create a safe space\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not uncommon to see pets trying to tear through metal crates, chew through door frames or jump out of windows,” Liu warns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She suggests owners create a safe haven for their pets before and during fireworks celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Choose a comfortable room without windows, or where you can close the curtains. Play soothing music or use a white noise machine,” Liu says. “The goal of these tools is to help your pet relax and stay calm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liu says some pets may want to hide in the bathroom due to its extra insulation, which could make a great safe space if your pet is naturally attracted to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Give them treats — but watch what they eat\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Distract your furry friends with what they love most — treats. Even better: Try a treat-dispensing toy, like a Kong, to keep them distracted for long periods of time. “A pet that is comfortable enough to be eating is less likely to be panicked or worried,\" Liu says.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'Pets should never be near fireworks — not only is it scary for animals, but fireworks have the potential to cause serious harm.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But be aware of what they have access to, she warns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’ve had animals come to our veterinary hospitals with severe injuries due to fireworks, including burns,\" Liu says. “Pets should never be near fireworks — not only is it scary for animals, but fireworks have the potential to cause serious harm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dogs also may try to eat fireworks that aren’t safely stored, which contain chemicals and heavy metals. Also, keep your canines from munching on sparklers, glow sticks, charcoal, kabob skewers and even\u003ca href=\"https://www.avma.org/public/PetCare/Pages/foods-to-avoid.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> these common foods that can be dangerous to pets\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Consider over-the-counter medication \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can try using calming pheromones to relax your pet, such as sprays for cats, and collars or plug-ins for dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If all else fails, and your pet is exhibiting severe anxious behavior, Liu says to talk with your vet about medication options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>These tips were drawn from our 2019 story \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11758991/6-tips-from-a-vet-to-keep-your-pets-safe-on-july-fourth\">\u003cstrong>6 Tips From a Vet to Keep Your Pets Safe on July Fourth\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Allessandra DiCorato and Jazmine Mejia Muñoz contributed to this story. An earlier version of this story was published June 25, 2020.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "What's With the Bison in Golden Gate Park?",
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"headTitle": "What’s With the Bison in Golden Gate Park? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of the Bay Curious series “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11915065/take-a-very-curious-golden-gate-park-walking-tour\">A Very Curious Walking Tour of Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park: In our humble opinion, with so many treasures across almost 1,000 acres, it’s arguably one of the best urban parks in the world. There’s a \u003ca href=\"https://goldengatepark.com/windmills.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pair of windmills\u003c/a> that look like they belong in the Dutch countryside, and through an elaborate gate you’ll find the \u003ca href=\"http://japaneseteagardensf.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oldest public Japanese teagarden\u003c/a> in the United States. But perhaps the wildest treasure in the park is the herd of American bison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In March 2020, for the park’s 150th anniversary, a birthday gift of five new bison calves were added to the herd.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h7hbu_pGErw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeing the bison in the park is unexpected, says Bay Curious listener Paul Irving. After all, bison aren’t native to San Francisco, and they certainly stand out in today’s urban setting. After years of cycling past the paddock, Irving asked Bay Curious: “What’s the story behind the bison in Golden Gate Park?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495865\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11495865 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Paul Irving in front of the bison paddock.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paul Irving in front of the bison paddock. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The answer goes back hundreds of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1500s, an estimated 30 million to 60 million bison roamed American prairies. They grazed all over the West, from northern Mexico up through Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As European colonizers moved into the West, the bison’s habitat was chopped up by railroads, or turned into farms. Imported cattle brought grazing competition and new diseases to the bison. But the greatest threat to bison was hunting. Bison meat was exported or eaten on the spot, skins were sent to commercial tanneries, and bones were ground up to make things like fertilizer and bone china.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495700\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11495700\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-800x688.jpg\" alt='\"Map of Bison Distribution Over Time.\" Kentucky Geological Survey, 1876. ' width=\"800\" height=\"688\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-800x688.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-160x138.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-960x826.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-240x206.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-375x323.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-520x447.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Map of Bison Distribution Over Time,’ Kentucky Geological Survey, 1876. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Newberry Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>William F. Cody, aka Buffalo Bill, allegedly killed 4,280 bison over 17 months to feed construction crews of the Kansas Pacific Railroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bison also were killed for sport. Competitions were held to see who could kill the most bison (Buffalo Bill got his nickname at one of these competitions). Tourists on trains would shoot the animals from their seats, leaving the carcasses where they fell. In 1973, a railway engineer in Santa Fe said it was possible to walk 100 miles along the railroad by stepping from one bison carcass to another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495712\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 614px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11495712\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway.jpg\" alt=\"A collection of bison heads killed from the Kansas Pacific Railway.\" width=\"614\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway.jpg 614w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A collection of bison heads killed from the Kansas Pacific Railway. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While the U.S. government clashed with Native Americans over land, the army encouraged the rampant slaughter of bison, which were an important native resource. One colonel even said to hunters, “Kill every buffalo you can! Every buffalo dead is an Indian gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 1889, the estimated number of bison had dwindled to about 1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495709\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11495709\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Piles of bison skulls that would be ground up for fertilizer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Piles of bison skulls to be turned into fertilizer. \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The bison come to Golden Gate Park\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It was around this time that work began on Golden Gate Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2>Bison facts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A male bison tips the scale at 2,000 pounds, and females can weigh around 1,000 pounds.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In 2016 President Obama named the American bison the United State’s official mammal.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bison can use their heads as snowplows, allowing them to discover food beneath feet of snow.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When bison were close to extinction, concerns about inbreeding led to many being bred with cows, which explains why most of the bison we see today look a little like cows.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Though their names are often used interchangeably, bison and buffalo are different animals. Buffalo are a species native to Africa and Asia, while bison are specific to North America and parts of Europe.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“When Golden Gate Park was created, the idea was to honor the Wild West,” says Phil Ginsburg, general manager of San Francisco Recreation and Parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To recreate the Wild West, the park needed bison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first bison was brought to the park in 1891. It was soon joined by more bison from private and public herds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bison and several other animals were actually first put in a paddock, which is very close to where Kezar Stadium is today,” Ginsburg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The zoo had a captive-breeding program that produced more than 100 bison calves, though the program has since ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the decades, conservation efforts (and, ironically, an increased interest in bison meat) have brought the North American bison population back into the hundreds of thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495873\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11495873\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-800x378.jpg\" alt=\"Bison and white deer grazing in Golden Gate Park in 1944.\" width=\"800\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-800x378.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-160x76.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-1020x482.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-1180x558.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-960x454.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-240x113.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-375x177.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-520x246.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bison and white deer grazing in Golden Gate Park in 1944. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Today’s herd\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The bison currently living in the pen in Golden Gate Park are not descended from the original animals brought to the park. The bison were replaced by a younger herd in 1984 and again in 2011. At the beginning of March 2020, the five new bison calves were added to the surviving 2011 herd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, all the bison in the paddock are female.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11497000\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11497000\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"The bison at Golden Gate Park.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The bison at Golden Gate Park. \u003ccite>(Erasmo Martinez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Having all females just keeps everything a little bit more calm,” says Ginsburg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When there were bulls, the bison could get aggressive. One tried to maul a police officer on horseback, and another tried to escape by running into the Sunset District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Males become very aggressive around August because they’re fighting for dominance in order to breed with the females,” says Sarah King of the San Francisco Zoo, which takes care of the animals. “Then calves are generally born in the spring, nine months later, and that’s when the females get aggressive because they’re very protective of their offspring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though they may appear to be slow, bison are powerful creatures. They can run over 30 mph, jump up to 6 feet in the air, and swim over half a mile, says King.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days the paddock is calm. On any given day, you can see the bison either grazing or resting. Most of the excitement in the paddock is human-generated. For example: The streaker who was arrested for running into the paddock during Bay to Breakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A version of this article was first published on June 8, 2017. In the last few years some bison referenced in the original story have passed away.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of the Bay Curious series “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11915065/take-a-very-curious-golden-gate-park-walking-tour\">A Very Curious Walking Tour of Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park: In our humble opinion, with so many treasures across almost 1,000 acres, it’s arguably one of the best urban parks in the world. There’s a \u003ca href=\"https://goldengatepark.com/windmills.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pair of windmills\u003c/a> that look like they belong in the Dutch countryside, and through an elaborate gate you’ll find the \u003ca href=\"http://japaneseteagardensf.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oldest public Japanese teagarden\u003c/a> in the United States. But perhaps the wildest treasure in the park is the herd of American bison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In March 2020, for the park’s 150th anniversary, a birthday gift of five new bison calves were added to the herd.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/h7hbu_pGErw'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/h7hbu_pGErw'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Seeing the bison in the park is unexpected, says Bay Curious listener Paul Irving. After all, bison aren’t native to San Francisco, and they certainly stand out in today’s urban setting. After years of cycling past the paddock, Irving asked Bay Curious: “What’s the story behind the bison in Golden Gate Park?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495865\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11495865 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Paul Irving in front of the bison paddock.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Question-Asker.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paul Irving in front of the bison paddock. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The answer goes back hundreds of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1500s, an estimated 30 million to 60 million bison roamed American prairies. They grazed all over the West, from northern Mexico up through Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As European colonizers moved into the West, the bison’s habitat was chopped up by railroads, or turned into farms. Imported cattle brought grazing competition and new diseases to the bison. But the greatest threat to bison was hunting. Bison meat was exported or eaten on the spot, skins were sent to commercial tanneries, and bones were ground up to make things like fertilizer and bone china.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495700\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11495700\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-800x688.jpg\" alt='\"Map of Bison Distribution Over Time.\" Kentucky Geological Survey, 1876. ' width=\"800\" height=\"688\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-800x688.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-160x138.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-960x826.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-240x206.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-375x323.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map-520x447.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-map.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Map of Bison Distribution Over Time,’ Kentucky Geological Survey, 1876. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Newberry Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>William F. Cody, aka Buffalo Bill, allegedly killed 4,280 bison over 17 months to feed construction crews of the Kansas Pacific Railroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bison also were killed for sport. Competitions were held to see who could kill the most bison (Buffalo Bill got his nickname at one of these competitions). Tourists on trains would shoot the animals from their seats, leaving the carcasses where they fell. In 1973, a railway engineer in Santa Fe said it was possible to walk 100 miles along the railroad by stepping from one bison carcass to another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495712\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 614px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11495712\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway.jpg\" alt=\"A collection of bison heads killed from the Kansas Pacific Railway.\" width=\"614\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway.jpg 614w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/A-collection-of-bison-heads-killed-from-the-Kansas-Pacific-Railway-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A collection of bison heads killed from the Kansas Pacific Railway. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While the U.S. government clashed with Native Americans over land, the army encouraged the rampant slaughter of bison, which were an important native resource. One colonel even said to hunters, “Kill every buffalo you can! Every buffalo dead is an Indian gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 1889, the estimated number of bison had dwindled to about 1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495709\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11495709\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Piles of bison skulls that would be ground up for fertilizer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/bison-fertilizer.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Piles of bison skulls to be turned into fertilizer. \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The bison come to Golden Gate Park\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It was around this time that work began on Golden Gate Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2>Bison facts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A male bison tips the scale at 2,000 pounds, and females can weigh around 1,000 pounds.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In 2016 President Obama named the American bison the United State’s official mammal.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bison can use their heads as snowplows, allowing them to discover food beneath feet of snow.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When bison were close to extinction, concerns about inbreeding led to many being bred with cows, which explains why most of the bison we see today look a little like cows.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Though their names are often used interchangeably, bison and buffalo are different animals. Buffalo are a species native to Africa and Asia, while bison are specific to North America and parts of Europe.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“When Golden Gate Park was created, the idea was to honor the Wild West,” says Phil Ginsburg, general manager of San Francisco Recreation and Parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To recreate the Wild West, the park needed bison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first bison was brought to the park in 1891. It was soon joined by more bison from private and public herds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bison and several other animals were actually first put in a paddock, which is very close to where Kezar Stadium is today,” Ginsburg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The zoo had a captive-breeding program that produced more than 100 bison calves, though the program has since ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the decades, conservation efforts (and, ironically, an increased interest in bison meat) have brought the North American bison population back into the hundreds of thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495873\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11495873\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-800x378.jpg\" alt=\"Bison and white deer grazing in Golden Gate Park in 1944.\" width=\"800\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-800x378.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-160x76.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-1020x482.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-1180x558.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-960x454.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-240x113.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-375x177.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock-520x246.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/High-Res-Mixed-paddock.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bison and white deer grazing in Golden Gate Park in 1944. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Today’s herd\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The bison currently living in the pen in Golden Gate Park are not descended from the original animals brought to the park. The bison were replaced by a younger herd in 1984 and again in 2011. At the beginning of March 2020, the five new bison calves were added to the surviving 2011 herd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, all the bison in the paddock are female.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11497000\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11497000\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"The bison at Golden Gate Park.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Bison_2-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The bison at Golden Gate Park. \u003ccite>(Erasmo Martinez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Having all females just keeps everything a little bit more calm,” says Ginsburg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When there were bulls, the bison could get aggressive. One tried to maul a police officer on horseback, and another tried to escape by running into the Sunset District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Males become very aggressive around August because they’re fighting for dominance in order to breed with the females,” says Sarah King of the San Francisco Zoo, which takes care of the animals. “Then calves are generally born in the spring, nine months later, and that’s when the females get aggressive because they’re very protective of their offspring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though they may appear to be slow, bison are powerful creatures. They can run over 30 mph, jump up to 6 feet in the air, and swim over half a mile, says King.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days the paddock is calm. On any given day, you can see the bison either grazing or resting. Most of the excitement in the paddock is human-generated. For example: The streaker who was arrested for running into the paddock during Bay to Breakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A version of this article was first published on June 8, 2017. In the last few years some bison referenced in the original story have passed away.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Five o’clock p.m. at the park near Duboce Triangle in San Francisco is canine happy hour. About 40 dogs are running around, chasing balls, wrestling each other, as their owners coo and ’90s hip-hop bumps out of a portable speaker.\u003c/span>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Laura Vittet, pet owner\"]‘Getting your dog in to see the vet is as competitive as trying to buy Coachella tickets online.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One chihuahua mix named Honey lounges on a bench wearing blue Hepburn sunglasses, a blue tutu and a string of pearls. Her owner, Diana McAllister, feeds her treats from a blue plastic bag, then pops one into her own mouth. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We have turkey jerky,” she says. “I make her food. It’s a raw diet with steamed vegetables and a little brown rice. And then little turkey treats.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of the well-worn facts about San Francisco is that there are more dogs in the city than children. And after spending two years at home through the pandemic, it’s clear that for a lot of these owners, their dogs are their children.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11907660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11907660\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A dog wearing blue Hepburn sunglasses, a blue tutu, and a string of pearls sits next to a woman wearing glasses and a turquoise shirt on a bench outside.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A chihuahua mix named Honey lounges on a bench with her owner, Diana McAllister, at a park near Duboce Triangle in San Francisco on Feb. 28, 2022. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I always say, dogs are people, so I love him,” says Yves Dudley, looking on as her 9-month-old collie-schnauzer mix plays in the grass.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Most of the dogs out today are under age 2: pandemic puppies. Across the country, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aspca.org/about-us/press-releases/new-aspca-survey-shows-overwhelming-majority-dogs-and-cats-acquired-during\">23 million American families adopted a new pet\u003c/a> in the first year of the pandemic. Others quickly became intimately familiar with their existing pets’ daily routines, noticing abnormally frequent vomiting, urinating or coughing that was easy to miss while working away from home. The spike in pet health concerns has been putting a strain on a corner of the medical world that is often overlooked: veterinarians.[aside postID=\"forum_2010101888157,perspectives_201601141615\" label=\"Related Post\"]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dog owners in Duboce Park say they’ve had to wait months for vet appointments or drive to Walnut Creek or San Bruno to get care.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Getting your dog in to see the vet is as competitive as trying to buy Coachella tickets online,” says Laura Vittet, whose golden retriever, Gertrude, is a year and a half. “You have to wait by the phone, you have to be ready to refresh your browser. It’s a very intense experience.”\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The overwork and short staffing of the pandemic has affected veterinarians as much as it has other doctors and nurses, and dealing with the constant moral dilemmas and emotional output is driving many to burn out. At the SPCA on Fillmore Street in San Francisco, so many vets and technicians were leaving that they had to cut back their clinic hours, says veterinarian Kathy Gervais.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gervais walks through the ICU, checking on one dog waking up from anesthesia and another recovering from cardiac surgery. She works 12-hour days, constantly zigzagging from new puppies to dying cats. They euthanize about five animals every day, she says. And the whole time, she has to take care of the humans, too.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kathy Gervais, veterinarian, SPCA\"]‘I dare you to try to talk to a veterinarian who’s been in practice more than five years who doesn’t know somebody who has committed suicide.’[/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“To these people, and especially in these times, this is their love,” she says, thinking especially of the owners who dress and coif and cook for their dogs. “This is their being, this is what they live for. And for vets, it’s very hard for us to draw the line.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even before the pandemic, vets’ mental health was suffering from empathy overload and compassion fatigue. They carry the weight of having to euthanize animals that could be saved, but their owners can’t afford the care. Some upset owners become downright abusive, berating vets or later bullying them online.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I dare you to try to talk to a veterinarian who’s been in practice more than five years who doesn’t know somebody who has committed suicide,” says Gervais. “I, unfortunately, can count on more than 10 fingers: classmates, colleagues, people I’ve dated.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.avma.org/javma-news/2015-04-01/study-1-6-veterinarians-have-considered-suicide\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One out of six veterinarians\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> has considered suicide, according to studies from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. While male vets are 1.6 times more likely to die by suicide than the general population, female vets are \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://blogs.cdc.gov/niosh-science-blog/2019/09/04/veterinary-suicide/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2.4 times more likely\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and 80% of vets are women. The most common means is euthanasia drugs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the early months of the pandemic, Gervais could see things were getting worse. She helped organize the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.shanti.org/programs-services/veterinary-mental-health-initiative/#1608242710921-eaba897a-9c3a\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Veterinary Mental Health Initiative\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which offers free support groups and one-on-one help to vets across the country.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All the facilitators have doctorate-level training, says founder and director Katie Lawlor, also a psychologist, and they’re all familiar with the issues troubling vets.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Burnout, compassion fatigue, managing panic attacks, and how to communicate with both supervisors, colleagues and clients when you’re under extreme deadlines or very intense stress,” she says. “And, the loss of their own companion animals.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11907655\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11907655\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"A woman earring a mask and white lab coat holds a cat with a red collar on a table inside a room.\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-1020x768.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-1536x1157.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-2048x1542.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-1920x1446.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Veterinarian Razyeeh Mazaheri inspects a cat at a shelter clinic near Chicago on March 7, 2022. \u003ccite>(Mark Primiano)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The initiative helped Razyeeh Mazaheri work through the anxiety she was feeling every day caring for animals at a clinic outside Chicago last year. The clinic was regularly double or triple booked. As a new vet — Mazaheri graduated from vet school last spring — juggling so many cases was terrifying.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I just feel like if I make a mistake, that is a problem. And if I make a mistake and kill something, that is my fault,” she says, tearing up. “I just knew that I was burned out.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Through the support groups, Mazaheri was able to see that others shared her concerns and she learned tools for managing them. The initiative, housed under the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.shanti.org/\">Shanti Project\u003c/a>, has groups specifically for emergency vets, vet technicians, recent grads, like Mazaheri, and longtime vets, like Kathy Gervais, who have more than 20 or 30 years of experience.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I’ve had people look at me sometimes when they’ve seen me really tired, going, ‘Kathy, walk away,’” Gervais says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I’m not ready to do it because, bottom line, I love my job. It is a vocation. It is a passion. And it’s hard to walk away from that,” she says. “But if it’s going to kill me on the flip side, I would hope I could just say, ‘OK, that’s it. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Five o’clock p.m. at the park near Duboce Triangle in San Francisco is canine happy hour. About 40 dogs are running around, chasing balls, wrestling each other, as their owners coo and ’90s hip-hop bumps out of a portable speaker.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One chihuahua mix named Honey lounges on a bench wearing blue Hepburn sunglasses, a blue tutu and a string of pearls. Her owner, Diana McAllister, feeds her treats from a blue plastic bag, then pops one into her own mouth. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We have turkey jerky,” she says. “I make her food. It’s a raw diet with steamed vegetables and a little brown rice. And then little turkey treats.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of the well-worn facts about San Francisco is that there are more dogs in the city than children. And after spending two years at home through the pandemic, it’s clear that for a lot of these owners, their dogs are their children.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11907660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11907660\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A dog wearing blue Hepburn sunglasses, a blue tutu, and a string of pearls sits next to a woman wearing glasses and a turquoise shirt on a bench outside.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Honey-and-Diana-McAllister-at-camera-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A chihuahua mix named Honey lounges on a bench with her owner, Diana McAllister, at a park near Duboce Triangle in San Francisco on Feb. 28, 2022. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I always say, dogs are people, so I love him,” says Yves Dudley, looking on as her 9-month-old collie-schnauzer mix plays in the grass.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Most of the dogs out today are under age 2: pandemic puppies. Across the country, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aspca.org/about-us/press-releases/new-aspca-survey-shows-overwhelming-majority-dogs-and-cats-acquired-during\">23 million American families adopted a new pet\u003c/a> in the first year of the pandemic. Others quickly became intimately familiar with their existing pets’ daily routines, noticing abnormally frequent vomiting, urinating or coughing that was easy to miss while working away from home. The spike in pet health concerns has been putting a strain on a corner of the medical world that is often overlooked: veterinarians.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dog owners in Duboce Park say they’ve had to wait months for vet appointments or drive to Walnut Creek or San Bruno to get care.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Getting your dog in to see the vet is as competitive as trying to buy Coachella tickets online,” says Laura Vittet, whose golden retriever, Gertrude, is a year and a half. “You have to wait by the phone, you have to be ready to refresh your browser. It’s a very intense experience.”\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The overwork and short staffing of the pandemic has affected veterinarians as much as it has other doctors and nurses, and dealing with the constant moral dilemmas and emotional output is driving many to burn out. At the SPCA on Fillmore Street in San Francisco, so many vets and technicians were leaving that they had to cut back their clinic hours, says veterinarian Kathy Gervais.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gervais walks through the ICU, checking on one dog waking up from anesthesia and another recovering from cardiac surgery. She works 12-hour days, constantly zigzagging from new puppies to dying cats. They euthanize about five animals every day, she says. And the whole time, she has to take care of the humans, too.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“To these people, and especially in these times, this is their love,” she says, thinking especially of the owners who dress and coif and cook for their dogs. “This is their being, this is what they live for. And for vets, it’s very hard for us to draw the line.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even before the pandemic, vets’ mental health was suffering from empathy overload and compassion fatigue. They carry the weight of having to euthanize animals that could be saved, but their owners can’t afford the care. Some upset owners become downright abusive, berating vets or later bullying them online.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I dare you to try to talk to a veterinarian who’s been in practice more than five years who doesn’t know somebody who has committed suicide,” says Gervais. “I, unfortunately, can count on more than 10 fingers: classmates, colleagues, people I’ve dated.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.avma.org/javma-news/2015-04-01/study-1-6-veterinarians-have-considered-suicide\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One out of six veterinarians\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> has considered suicide, according to studies from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. While male vets are 1.6 times more likely to die by suicide than the general population, female vets are \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://blogs.cdc.gov/niosh-science-blog/2019/09/04/veterinary-suicide/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2.4 times more likely\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and 80% of vets are women. The most common means is euthanasia drugs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the early months of the pandemic, Gervais could see things were getting worse. She helped organize the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.shanti.org/programs-services/veterinary-mental-health-initiative/#1608242710921-eaba897a-9c3a\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Veterinary Mental Health Initiative\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which offers free support groups and one-on-one help to vets across the country.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All the facilitators have doctorate-level training, says founder and director Katie Lawlor, also a psychologist, and they’re all familiar with the issues troubling vets.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Burnout, compassion fatigue, managing panic attacks, and how to communicate with both supervisors, colleagues and clients when you’re under extreme deadlines or very intense stress,” she says. “And, the loss of their own companion animals.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11907655\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11907655\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"A woman earring a mask and white lab coat holds a cat with a red collar on a table inside a room.\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-1020x768.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-1536x1157.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-2048x1542.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/Mazaheri-203-1920x1446.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Veterinarian Razyeeh Mazaheri inspects a cat at a shelter clinic near Chicago on March 7, 2022. \u003ccite>(Mark Primiano)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The initiative helped Razyeeh Mazaheri work through the anxiety she was feeling every day caring for animals at a clinic outside Chicago last year. The clinic was regularly double or triple booked. As a new vet — Mazaheri graduated from vet school last spring — juggling so many cases was terrifying.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I just feel like if I make a mistake, that is a problem. And if I make a mistake and kill something, that is my fault,” she says, tearing up. “I just knew that I was burned out.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Through the support groups, Mazaheri was able to see that others shared her concerns and she learned tools for managing them. The initiative, housed under the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.shanti.org/\">Shanti Project\u003c/a>, has groups specifically for emergency vets, vet technicians, recent grads, like Mazaheri, and longtime vets, like Kathy Gervais, who have more than 20 or 30 years of experience.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I’ve had people look at me sometimes when they’ve seen me really tired, going, ‘Kathy, walk away,’” Gervais says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I’m not ready to do it because, bottom line, I love my job. It is a vocation. It is a passion. And it’s hard to walk away from that,” she says. “But if it’s going to kill me on the flip side, I would hope I could just say, ‘OK, that’s it. I’m done.’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you or someone you know is considering suicide, please call the \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">National Suicide Prevention Lifeline\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">: (800) 273-TALK (8255).\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "the-sounds-of-california-from-the-comfort-of-your-couch",
"title": "The Sounds of the Bay Area: Escape With 8 Sonic Stories",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Screech! Chirp, chirp. Bwwwwaaaaaa. Hyphy!\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The sounds of California are eclectic, and here at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>, we’re pretty big fans of noise. So we dug through the Bay Curious archives to celebrate the soundtrack of the Golden State, from the sounds that guide us home, to the people who brighten up our day.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is your excuse to stay in bed, snuggle deeper into your couch, and join Bay Curious on a truly immersive experience for your ears. So put on your headphones, follow along on our Spotify playlist below, settle in and turn up the volume.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed/playlist/3pnC5RuL20oLb74k2FoMt4?utm_source=generator\" width=\"100%\" height=\"380\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11030282/why-are-bart-trains-so-loud\">\u003cstrong>Why are BART trains so loud?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11425097\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11425097\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"A BART train at Oakland's Coliseum station, where 40 to 60 youths took over a train car and robbed and beat passengers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-960x612.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-240x153.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-375x239.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-520x332.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A BART train at Oakland’s Coliseum station. \u003ccite>(Paul Sullivan/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Bay Area is full of sounds. But one sound, in particular, stood out to Bay Curious listener Eric Bauer: “Why does BART scream like a banshee?” he so vividly asked us. Eric’s no stranger to trains — he rode them all the time when he lived in Chicago. To figure out what makes the noises of our subway system so unique, we visited BART’s repair shop to ask the experts.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11881696/how-hyphy-came-to-define-bay-area-hip-hop\">\u003cstrong>‘It’s pure energy’: How hyphy came to define Bay Area hip-hop\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882075\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882075\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-1536x1026.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">E-40 at DeFremery Park in West Oakland, Oct. 12, 2018. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Welcome to perhaps the most energizing history lesson you’ll ever have: how the hyphy movement created a distinctly Bay Area sound. We’re joined by Pendarvis Harshaw, host of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/rightnowish\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED’s Rightnowish podcast\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, to answer Bay Curious listener Lauren Tankeh’s question on how hyphy music started, and what the movement represented for Bay culture. Requirements for this episode: “Gig,” not just dance, to the hyperactive up-tempo beats while you learn about the pioneers and legacy of this hip-hop subgenre.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11272504/foghorns-who-presses-the-play-button\">\u003cstrong>Foghorns: Who presses the play button?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11272505\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11272505\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"This Golden Gate Bridge fog horn points west on the concrete base of the bridge's south tower, guiding ships safely in the fog.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This Golden Gate Bridge foghorn points west on the concrete base of the bridge’s south tower, guiding ships safely in the fog. \u003ccite>(Brittany Hosea-Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Depending on where you live in the Bay Area, the sight of fog can also mean hearing foghorns. After Bay Curious listeners Andy MacKinnon and Jen Liu moved from San Francisco’s SOMA district to the Sunset, they realized foghorns were becoming a constant part of their lives — for better or for worse. They had so many questions for us, such as:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. Where are these foghorns?\u003cbr>\n2. How many of them are there?\u003cbr>\n3. Why do we still use them despite technology like radar and GPS?\u003cbr>\n4. Who, or what, turns them on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We went out into the fog to help Andy and Jen get some much-needed answers.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11719871/why-the-myth-of-the-san-francisco-accent-persists\">\u003cstrong>Why does the myth of the ‘San Francisco accent’ persist?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11720643\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11720643\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An accent is different from a word choice. It’s about how a word is pronounced. \u003ccite>(Kelly Heigert/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Is there such a thing as a San Francisco accent?” That’s what Bay Curious listener Jonathan Morton wanted to know. When you think of New Yorkers, Bostonians or Texans, you might have a pretty good idea of a general accent, down to the rhythms and tones. But that gets harder to do with San Franciscans. In this episode, we dive deep into accents, the myth of the “Mission brogue,” and how naming just one accent in San Francisco actually says more about who has political power than how people speak.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11795009/why-do-some-crosswalks-make-a-machine-gun-sound\">\u003cstrong>Why do some crosswalks make a machine-gun sound?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795015\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795015\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton-1020x675.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Many of the accessible pedestrian signals in San Francisco look like this. \u003ccite>(Raysonho @ Open Grid Scheduler/Grid Engine)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The official name for the sound is the rapid tick. But one Bay Curious listener asked why so many crosswalks in the Bay Area sound like a “machine gun,” as opposed to the more commonplace cuckoo-chirp signals. Find out how the rapid tick was designed and how it’s meant to ensure accessibility for all pedestrians.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825401/how-urban-renewal-decimated-the-fillmore-district-and-took-jazz-with-it\">\u003cstrong>Why is San Francisco’s Fillmore District no longer the ‘Harlem of the West’?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825842\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 497px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11825842\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43798_MOR-0681-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"497\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43798_MOR-0681-qut.jpg 497w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43798_MOR-0681-qut-160x129.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 497px) 100vw, 497px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jazz musician Dizzy Gillespie with San Francisco Mayor George Christopher in 1957. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you were walking down San Francisco’s Fillmore Street in the 1950s, chances are you might have run into any number of stars, from Billie Holiday to Ella Fitzgerald and Thelonious Monk. The Fillmore was known as the “Harlem of the West” for fostering a booming jazz scene and a vibrant Black community. “It was just magic,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://marystallingsjazz.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">jazz singer Mary Stallings\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. These days, however, the Fillmore isn’t booming like it once was. In this story, which won a public voting round, we explore how the Fillmore came to be a cultural center, and why that ultimately changed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11185731/where-did-the-wild-parrots-of-san-francisco-come-from\">\u003cstrong>Where did the wild parrots of San Francisco come from?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11187393\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11187393\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"The parrots have been spotted from the Embarcadero, all the way down to Sunnyvale.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-1920x1277.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-960x638.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The famous parrots of San Francisco’s Telegraph Hill. \u003ccite>(Patrick Buechner/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They can be found from the Ferry Building in San Francisco all the way south to Sunnyvale, but you’ll likely \u003cem>hear\u003c/em> the cherry-headed conures before you \u003cem>see\u003c/em> them. Wild parrots are not what you would expect to find atop Bay Area trees and traffic signals, and Bay Curious listener Colleen McClowry wanted to know how they became Bay residents. “I think they’re probably not native to the city. But I’m interested to know how they got there,” Colleen asked. There are a lot of theories, and we start in San Francisco’s Telegraph Hill to learn more about these colorful cuties.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11755398/whats-it-like-to-navigate-the-bay-area-while-blind\">What’s it like to navigate the Bay Area while blind?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755401\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11755401\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/LH18BlindAmbition-154-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Bryan Bashin, CEO of LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, stands at a varnished wood podium in a blue suit, speaking at a gala put on for his organization.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/LH18BlindAmbition-154-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/LH18BlindAmbition-154-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/LH18BlindAmbition-154.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bryan Bashin, CEO of LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, stands at a varnished wood lectern in a blue suit, speaking at a gala for the organization. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of LightHouse for the Blind)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This episode is a little different from most Bay Curious episodes. For this sonic experience, we’re joined by Sam Harnett and Chris Hoff, hosts of the podcast, \u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\">“The World According to Sound,”\u003c/a> as they get a sense of what it’s like to navigate a chaotic city while blind. They’re guided by \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bryan Bashin, CEO of LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, on his morning commute.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "The Sounds of the Bay Area: Escape With 8 Sonic Stories | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Screech! Chirp, chirp. Bwwwwaaaaaa. Hyphy!\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The sounds of California are eclectic, and here at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>, we’re pretty big fans of noise. So we dug through the Bay Curious archives to celebrate the soundtrack of the Golden State, from the sounds that guide us home, to the people who brighten up our day.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is your excuse to stay in bed, snuggle deeper into your couch, and join Bay Curious on a truly immersive experience for your ears. So put on your headphones, follow along on our Spotify playlist below, settle in and turn up the volume.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed/playlist/3pnC5RuL20oLb74k2FoMt4?utm_source=generator\" width=\"100%\" height=\"380\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11030282/why-are-bart-trains-so-loud\">\u003cstrong>Why are BART trains so loud?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11425097\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11425097\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"A BART train at Oakland's Coliseum station, where 40 to 60 youths took over a train car and robbed and beat passengers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-960x612.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-240x153.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-375x239.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/BartColiseum-520x332.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A BART train at Oakland’s Coliseum station. \u003ccite>(Paul Sullivan/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Bay Area is full of sounds. But one sound, in particular, stood out to Bay Curious listener Eric Bauer: “Why does BART scream like a banshee?” he so vividly asked us. Eric’s no stranger to trains — he rode them all the time when he lived in Chicago. To figure out what makes the noises of our subway system so unique, we visited BART’s repair shop to ask the experts.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11881696/how-hyphy-came-to-define-bay-area-hip-hop\">\u003cstrong>‘It’s pure energy’: How hyphy came to define Bay Area hip-hop\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882075\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882075\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-1536x1026.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">E-40 at DeFremery Park in West Oakland, Oct. 12, 2018. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Welcome to perhaps the most energizing history lesson you’ll ever have: how the hyphy movement created a distinctly Bay Area sound. We’re joined by Pendarvis Harshaw, host of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/rightnowish\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED’s Rightnowish podcast\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, to answer Bay Curious listener Lauren Tankeh’s question on how hyphy music started, and what the movement represented for Bay culture. Requirements for this episode: “Gig,” not just dance, to the hyperactive up-tempo beats while you learn about the pioneers and legacy of this hip-hop subgenre.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11272504/foghorns-who-presses-the-play-button\">\u003cstrong>Foghorns: Who presses the play button?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11272505\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11272505\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"This Golden Gate Bridge fog horn points west on the concrete base of the bridge's south tower, guiding ships safely in the fog.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23445_161219_GGFoghorns_bhs07-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This Golden Gate Bridge foghorn points west on the concrete base of the bridge’s south tower, guiding ships safely in the fog. \u003ccite>(Brittany Hosea-Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Depending on where you live in the Bay Area, the sight of fog can also mean hearing foghorns. After Bay Curious listeners Andy MacKinnon and Jen Liu moved from San Francisco’s SOMA district to the Sunset, they realized foghorns were becoming a constant part of their lives — for better or for worse. They had so many questions for us, such as:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. Where are these foghorns?\u003cbr>\n2. How many of them are there?\u003cbr>\n3. Why do we still use them despite technology like radar and GPS?\u003cbr>\n4. Who, or what, turns them on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We went out into the fog to help Andy and Jen get some much-needed answers.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11719871/why-the-myth-of-the-san-francisco-accent-persists\">\u003cstrong>Why does the myth of the ‘San Francisco accent’ persist?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11720643\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11720643\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/BayCurious_opt1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An accent is different from a word choice. It’s about how a word is pronounced. \u003ccite>(Kelly Heigert/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Is there such a thing as a San Francisco accent?” That’s what Bay Curious listener Jonathan Morton wanted to know. When you think of New Yorkers, Bostonians or Texans, you might have a pretty good idea of a general accent, down to the rhythms and tones. But that gets harder to do with San Franciscans. In this episode, we dive deep into accents, the myth of the “Mission brogue,” and how naming just one accent in San Francisco actually says more about who has political power than how people speak.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11795009/why-do-some-crosswalks-make-a-machine-gun-sound\">\u003cstrong>Why do some crosswalks make a machine-gun sound?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11795015\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11795015\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton-1020x675.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/1024px-PedestrianSignalPushButton.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Many of the accessible pedestrian signals in San Francisco look like this. \u003ccite>(Raysonho @ Open Grid Scheduler/Grid Engine)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The official name for the sound is the rapid tick. But one Bay Curious listener asked why so many crosswalks in the Bay Area sound like a “machine gun,” as opposed to the more commonplace cuckoo-chirp signals. Find out how the rapid tick was designed and how it’s meant to ensure accessibility for all pedestrians.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825401/how-urban-renewal-decimated-the-fillmore-district-and-took-jazz-with-it\">\u003cstrong>Why is San Francisco’s Fillmore District no longer the ‘Harlem of the West’?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825842\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 497px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11825842\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43798_MOR-0681-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"497\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43798_MOR-0681-qut.jpg 497w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43798_MOR-0681-qut-160x129.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 497px) 100vw, 497px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jazz musician Dizzy Gillespie with San Francisco Mayor George Christopher in 1957. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you were walking down San Francisco’s Fillmore Street in the 1950s, chances are you might have run into any number of stars, from Billie Holiday to Ella Fitzgerald and Thelonious Monk. The Fillmore was known as the “Harlem of the West” for fostering a booming jazz scene and a vibrant Black community. “It was just magic,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://marystallingsjazz.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">jazz singer Mary Stallings\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. These days, however, the Fillmore isn’t booming like it once was. In this story, which won a public voting round, we explore how the Fillmore came to be a cultural center, and why that ultimately changed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11185731/where-did-the-wild-parrots-of-san-francisco-come-from\">\u003cstrong>Where did the wild parrots of San Francisco come from?\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11187393\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11187393\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"The parrots have been spotted from the Embarcadero, all the way down to Sunnyvale.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-1920x1277.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-960x638.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/2924064112_df11d9e7ec_o-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The famous parrots of San Francisco’s Telegraph Hill. \u003ccite>(Patrick Buechner/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They can be found from the Ferry Building in San Francisco all the way south to Sunnyvale, but you’ll likely \u003cem>hear\u003c/em> the cherry-headed conures before you \u003cem>see\u003c/em> them. Wild parrots are not what you would expect to find atop Bay Area trees and traffic signals, and Bay Curious listener Colleen McClowry wanted to know how they became Bay residents. “I think they’re probably not native to the city. But I’m interested to know how they got there,” Colleen asked. There are a lot of theories, and we start in San Francisco’s Telegraph Hill to learn more about these colorful cuties.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11755398/whats-it-like-to-navigate-the-bay-area-while-blind\">What’s it like to navigate the Bay Area while blind?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11755401\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11755401\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/LH18BlindAmbition-154-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Bryan Bashin, CEO of LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, stands at a varnished wood podium in a blue suit, speaking at a gala put on for his organization.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/LH18BlindAmbition-154-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/LH18BlindAmbition-154-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/LH18BlindAmbition-154.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bryan Bashin, CEO of LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, stands at a varnished wood lectern in a blue suit, speaking at a gala for the organization. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of LightHouse for the Blind)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This episode is a little different from most Bay Curious episodes. For this sonic experience, we’re joined by Sam Harnett and Chris Hoff, hosts of the podcast, \u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\">“The World According to Sound,”\u003c/a> as they get a sense of what it’s like to navigate a chaotic city while blind. They’re guided by \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bryan Bashin, CEO of LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, on his morning commute.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Wildlife officials say a far-ranging gray wolf, the first to tromp across Southern California in more than a hundred years, was found dead near a roadway a little more than an hour's drive north of downtown Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appeared to have been struck by a vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male wolf, named OR93 when it was outfitted with a GPS collar by wildlife officials in its home state of Oregon, left its pack near Mount Hood two years ago. 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Pre-colonization, large predators covered much of the continent, before European colonizers hunted, trapped and killed them to near extinction. The fragmented populations that survived are now being suffocated, in many areas, by an ever-growing web of roadways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Transportation estimates that 365 million animals are killed on U.S. roads every year, more than the total number of people in the country. 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"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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},
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"id": "baycurious",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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},
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
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"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"meta": {
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"source": "WNYC"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
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