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"content": "\u003cp>When Gov. Jerry Brown was sworn in seven years ago, he inherited a prison system that by most accounts was at a breaking point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years of “tough on crime” laws had packed state lockups to the brim. Federal judges \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/24/us/24scotus.html\">told California leaders they needed to reduce the prison population by 40,000 inmates\u003c/a>, or else the court would start releasing prisoners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So one of Brown’s first big moves as governor was a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2011/04/05/news16964/\">proposal to massively change how the state dealt with nonviolent offenders\u003c/a>: Assembly Bill 109 shifted their sentences from state prison to county jails, and let them report to county probation departments rather than state parole officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters, including state Sen. Mark Leno, said the change — dubbed “criminal justice realignment” — would let the state save money, reduce crowding and tackle its dismal recidivism rate, which saw 70 percent of offenders return to prison within three years of release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leno, a San Francisco Democrat, carried the \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201120120AB109\">663-page realignment bill\u003c/a> through the Senate, a proposal that Republicans opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we can all acknowledge we have a failed very expensive system currently,” Leno told lawmakers during a March 2011 debate. “For example, if someone has a drug or alcohol problem, currently when they fail parole, we send them back to state prison at a cost of about $50,000 a year. And guess what — we’re not dealing with the problem. Locals, with the funding we will be providing, will be able to invest in a variety of different programs, to get to the core of the problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The success of realignment \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11108031/five-years-later-many-see-criminal-justice-realignment-as-success\">is still being debated\u003c/a>. But it’s clear that the bill was just the beginning of a series of sweeping criminal justice reforms California would embrace over Brown’s two terms in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Where the candidates stand\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>“As governor, I will reverse the soft-on-crime laws of Jerry Brown and the California Democrats. Liberal laws like AB 109 and Propositions 47 and 57 have released thousands of criminals and sex offenders from jails and prisons and into our neighborhoods, feeding the explosion of homeless encampments, drug users and criminals in our neighborhoods.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Travis Allen\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“As governor, I will help lead the difficult conversations that must happen between law enforcement and communities of color and emphasize a community-oriented approach to policing that builds stronger relationships and understanding.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>John Chiang\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“I’d take a very different approach than Jerry Brown’s. On day one as governor I would act to end the sanctuary state law. I will also advocate for full repeal of Prop. 47 and AB 109 to remove the criminal element plaguing our streets.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite> John Cox\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“I believe strongly that our next governor should lead efforts to eliminate the discriminatory cash bail system and take on the private prison industrial complex. Bail bondsmen and the for-profit prison industry should have no place in California’s future.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Gavin Newsom\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“Research has made abundantly clear that investments in early care and education have significant impacts in improving educational outcomes. The school to prison pipeline must be broken. So I will continue to work on the path of reforming our criminal justice system.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Antonio Villaraigosa\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Some of the most far-reaching reforms came at the ballot box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10652368/proposition-47-gives-former-felons-a-new-chance\">lowered most drug possession offenses\u003c/a> from felonies to misdemeanors, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Prop-36-Three-strikes-changes-approved-4014677.php\">softened the three strikes law\u003c/a>, legalized \u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4565438/california-marijuana-faq-rules-prop-64/\">marijuana\u003c/a> and embraced \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11081078/gov-brown-sees-prop-57-as-key-to-ending-court-prison-oversight\">sweeping parole changes\u003c/a> pushed by Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Capitol, Brown signed dozens of laws reshaping criminal sentences, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailynews.com/2017/10/19/revealing-rejections-jerry-browns-vetoes-are-a-window-into-his-mind/\">and vetoed bills\u003c/a> that would have created new crimes or increased sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what will a new governor mean for California and Brown’s criminal justice legacy?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot would change if a Republican won.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businessman John Cox and state Assemblyman Travis Allen are both vowing to repeal most of Brown’s signature criminal justice reforms and others backed by voters, including \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_47,_Reduced_Penalties_for_Some_Crimes_Initiative_(2014)\">Proposition 47\u003c/a>, the 2014 ballot measure that made some theft and most drug possession charges misdemeanors. That measure has helped reduce the populations in county jails, and allowed thousands of people with past relevant felonies to petition the courts to have their records cleared. Any changes would need to be approved by voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics blame Proposition 47 for the \u003ca href=\"https://openjustice.doj.ca.gov/crime-statistics/crimes-clearances\">slight increase\u003c/a> in property crimes seen statewide since 2014 and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Property-crimes-violence-increases-in-San-12723981.php\">large spikes in some big cities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d take a very different approach than Jerry Brown’s,” Cox said in a statement to KQED. “On day one as governor I would act to end the sanctuary state law, I will also advocate for full repeal of Prop.47 and AB 109 to remove the criminal element plaguing our streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen went even further, promising to “reverse the soft-on-crime laws of Jerry Brown and the California Democrats,” including Brown’s \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_57,_Parole_for_Non-Violent_Criminals_and_Juvenile_Court_Trial_Requirements_(2016)\">Proposition 57\u003c/a>, which made it easier for people who participate in rehabilitation programs to win their parole from prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen also vowed to return to a tougher three strikes law; voters embraced \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/3-strikes-law-revised-under-Prop-36-3930347.php\">changes to that law in 2012\u003c/a>. And, he called for repealing some of the state’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-gun-bill-timeline-20171002-htmlstory.html\">tough gun control measures. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Liberal laws like AB 109 and Propositions 47 and 57 have released thousands of criminals and sex offenders from jails and prisons and into our neighborhoods, feeding the explosion of homeless encampments, drug users and criminals in our neighborhoods,” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, Republicans make up only about one-quarter of the electorate in California, making it far more likely that the next governor will be a Democrat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that’s the case, don’t expect a big shift on criminal justice, said Jessica Levinson, a law professor at Loyola Marymount in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you see (among Democrats) is kind of a race to be the most reform-minded criminal justice proponent,” she said. “You hear a lot of talk from all of them about basically how we need to take preventative measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levinson said she doesn’t see much daylight among the three leading Democrats — Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, state Treasurer John Chiang and former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are clearly some differences among the candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11669748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11669748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-800x537.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"537\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-800x537.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-1020x684.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-1200x805.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-1920x1288.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-1180x791.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-960x644.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-375x252.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-520x349.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa, for example, has tried to strike a middle path, saying he supports reforms and opposes the death penalty. In a statement to KQED, Villaraigosa noted that he long opposed the state’s draconian three strikes law, which voters approved in 1994.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has taken our country too long to recognize that the war on drugs and the politics of being tough on crime led to our country’s crisis of mass incarceration,” Villaraigosa said. “Governor Brown and our state have taken important steps to reform our criminal justice system but much remains to be done. I will continue to work on the path of reforming our criminal justice system. As I have done throughout my career, I will continue to work on reducing incarceration levels, capital punishment and creating economic opportunities that address the root causes of crime and desperation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Villaraigosa also has been critical of realignment and of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11613892/bail-reform-gets-backing-of-governor-chief-justice-but-put-off-to-2018\">a push to move away from California’s money bail system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those positions helped him \u003ca href=\"https://antonioforcalifornia.com/news/ca-police-chiefs-association-porac-antonio-villaraigosa/\">win the backing of several law enforcement groups\u003c/a>, including the Police Officers Research Association of California (PORAC), that have been among the most vocal critics of Brown’s criminal justice agenda. PORAC and others are backing a ballot measure to roll back some of the changes included in Propositions 47 and 57, an initiative those close to the governor see as an attack on his criminal justice accomplishments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PORAC President Brian Marvel noted that Villaraigosa was once speaker of the state Assembly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Which shows that he has the ability to build coalitions, which I think are important. Coalition-building and getting support from a wide variety of interest groups is not easy,” said Marvel, adding that rank-and-file police groups represented by PORAC were often left out of discussions around criminal justice policy in recent years. His group believes Villaraigosa would include them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staking out a more progressive position is Newsom. He has embraced criminal justice reforms, pushing gun control and marijuana legalization at the ballot box and speaking out in favor of bail reform, which lawmakers are currently considering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to KQED, Newsom said he would go even further than Brown, and took a swipe at Villaraigosa, who has accepted money from people in the bail industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11657185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11657185\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-1180x789.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-960x642.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom. \u003ccite>(NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think the governor should be commended for his leadership fighting for sentencing reform, and, unlike my opponents, I was a vocal proponent for Brown’s efforts at the ballot box,” he said. “But we can’t stop there. I was proud to lead efforts to roll back the racist war on drugs, and unlike Antonio Villaraigosa, I believe strongly that our next governor should lead efforts to eliminate the discriminatory cash bail system and take on the private prison industrial complex. Bail bondsmen and the for-profit prison industry should have no place in California’s future. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown hasn’t weighed in on the governor’s race. But Newsom’s positions on criminal justice have won him the backing of those close to Brown, including Dana Williamson, a former aide and current political adviser to the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lieutenant governor’s really the only candidate who has talked about criminal justice reform and embraced the concept that we should be rehabilitating people and, you know, giving them a chance to do better,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11652150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11652150\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"State Treasurer John Chiang walks though the California Democratic Convention in San Diego.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">State Treasurer John Chiang walks though the California Democratic convention in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chiang hasn’t talked much about criminal justice on the campaign trail but laid out a middle-of-the-road approach to KQED, saying he supports bail reform and putting resources behind helping criminal offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As governor, I will help lead the difficult conversations that must happen between law enforcement and communities of color and emphasize a community-oriented approach to policing that builds stronger relationships and understanding,” he said. “At the same time, we need to fully fund our police departments so they can recruit the best officers and provide them with the kind of training they need to understand how to work and live with diverse communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former state Schools Superintendent Delaine Eastin has also\u003ca href=\"https://www.delaineforgovernor.com/her_vision#justice\"> staked out a very progressive position on criminal justice\u003c/a> but is trailing in polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While voters might be able to tease out candidates’ stances on policy, there are other, less discussed arenas of governing where Brown’s decisions have made a big impact. Brown has named a far \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10869617/browns-judicial-appointments-reflect-shift-away-from-harsh-sentencing-policies\">more diverse set of judges\u003c/a> and parole board members than his predecessors, and allowed \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2014/mar/19/governor-brown-releasing-more-lifers/\">a record number of parole releases to go forward.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The appointments to the bench do have a very important, long-term effect,” said Kent Scheidegger, legal director of the conservative Criminal Justice Legal Foundation and a critic of Brown’s approach to criminal justice. “It’s a gradual one that doesn’t necessarily show up right away. But I think we are seeing California courts generally, and the California Supreme Court in particular, being more receptive to arguments made by defendants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scheidegger said the governor’s political power — and fundraising strength — have also had an impact. Brown has put his sizable war chest behind promoting changes at the ballot box like 2016’s Proposition 57.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That measure chipped away at a legacy from Brown’s first terms as governor that many blame for the prison overcrowding: determinate sentencing, which sets a fixed prison term at the time of conviction. Proposition 57 gave the parole board more discretion on when to release an inmate. Scheidegger opposed Proposition 57, and believes the governor is “fundamentally mistaken on a lot of sentencing issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But criminal justice reform advocates like Lenore Anderson believe the changes of the last seven years are only the beginning. Anderson is director of Californians for Safety and Justice, which wrote Proposition 47.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s been so exciting to see in California over the last few years is the popularity of criminal justice reform being demonstrated at the ballot,” she said. “Realignment was enacted through the Legislature and at the time the common-sense thinking was that the public may not be ready for criminal justice reform. But what we found out through Prop. 47 and Prop. 57 is the reverse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson believes the next governor should tackle something that seemed impossible just seven years ago: closing state prisons and finally reducing the amount of money Californians spend on incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "What Will Jerry Brown's Departure Mean for Criminal Justice in California? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Gov. Jerry Brown was sworn in seven years ago, he inherited a prison system that by most accounts was at a breaking point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years of “tough on crime” laws had packed state lockups to the brim. Federal judges \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/24/us/24scotus.html\">told California leaders they needed to reduce the prison population by 40,000 inmates\u003c/a>, or else the court would start releasing prisoners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So one of Brown’s first big moves as governor was a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2011/04/05/news16964/\">proposal to massively change how the state dealt with nonviolent offenders\u003c/a>: Assembly Bill 109 shifted their sentences from state prison to county jails, and let them report to county probation departments rather than state parole officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters, including state Sen. Mark Leno, said the change — dubbed “criminal justice realignment” — would let the state save money, reduce crowding and tackle its dismal recidivism rate, which saw 70 percent of offenders return to prison within three years of release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leno, a San Francisco Democrat, carried the \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201120120AB109\">663-page realignment bill\u003c/a> through the Senate, a proposal that Republicans opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we can all acknowledge we have a failed very expensive system currently,” Leno told lawmakers during a March 2011 debate. “For example, if someone has a drug or alcohol problem, currently when they fail parole, we send them back to state prison at a cost of about $50,000 a year. And guess what — we’re not dealing with the problem. Locals, with the funding we will be providing, will be able to invest in a variety of different programs, to get to the core of the problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The success of realignment \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11108031/five-years-later-many-see-criminal-justice-realignment-as-success\">is still being debated\u003c/a>. But it’s clear that the bill was just the beginning of a series of sweeping criminal justice reforms California would embrace over Brown’s two terms in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Where the candidates stand\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>“As governor, I will reverse the soft-on-crime laws of Jerry Brown and the California Democrats. Liberal laws like AB 109 and Propositions 47 and 57 have released thousands of criminals and sex offenders from jails and prisons and into our neighborhoods, feeding the explosion of homeless encampments, drug users and criminals in our neighborhoods.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Travis Allen\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“As governor, I will help lead the difficult conversations that must happen between law enforcement and communities of color and emphasize a community-oriented approach to policing that builds stronger relationships and understanding.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>John Chiang\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“I’d take a very different approach than Jerry Brown’s. On day one as governor I would act to end the sanctuary state law. I will also advocate for full repeal of Prop. 47 and AB 109 to remove the criminal element plaguing our streets.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite> John Cox\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“I believe strongly that our next governor should lead efforts to eliminate the discriminatory cash bail system and take on the private prison industrial complex. Bail bondsmen and the for-profit prison industry should have no place in California’s future.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Gavin Newsom\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“Research has made abundantly clear that investments in early care and education have significant impacts in improving educational outcomes. The school to prison pipeline must be broken. So I will continue to work on the path of reforming our criminal justice system.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Antonio Villaraigosa\u003c/cite>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Some of the most far-reaching reforms came at the ballot box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10652368/proposition-47-gives-former-felons-a-new-chance\">lowered most drug possession offenses\u003c/a> from felonies to misdemeanors, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Prop-36-Three-strikes-changes-approved-4014677.php\">softened the three strikes law\u003c/a>, legalized \u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4565438/california-marijuana-faq-rules-prop-64/\">marijuana\u003c/a> and embraced \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11081078/gov-brown-sees-prop-57-as-key-to-ending-court-prison-oversight\">sweeping parole changes\u003c/a> pushed by Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Capitol, Brown signed dozens of laws reshaping criminal sentences, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailynews.com/2017/10/19/revealing-rejections-jerry-browns-vetoes-are-a-window-into-his-mind/\">and vetoed bills\u003c/a> that would have created new crimes or increased sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what will a new governor mean for California and Brown’s criminal justice legacy?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot would change if a Republican won.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businessman John Cox and state Assemblyman Travis Allen are both vowing to repeal most of Brown’s signature criminal justice reforms and others backed by voters, including \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_47,_Reduced_Penalties_for_Some_Crimes_Initiative_(2014)\">Proposition 47\u003c/a>, the 2014 ballot measure that made some theft and most drug possession charges misdemeanors. That measure has helped reduce the populations in county jails, and allowed thousands of people with past relevant felonies to petition the courts to have their records cleared. Any changes would need to be approved by voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics blame Proposition 47 for the \u003ca href=\"https://openjustice.doj.ca.gov/crime-statistics/crimes-clearances\">slight increase\u003c/a> in property crimes seen statewide since 2014 and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Property-crimes-violence-increases-in-San-12723981.php\">large spikes in some big cities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d take a very different approach than Jerry Brown’s,” Cox said in a statement to KQED. “On day one as governor I would act to end the sanctuary state law, I will also advocate for full repeal of Prop.47 and AB 109 to remove the criminal element plaguing our streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen went even further, promising to “reverse the soft-on-crime laws of Jerry Brown and the California Democrats,” including Brown’s \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_57,_Parole_for_Non-Violent_Criminals_and_Juvenile_Court_Trial_Requirements_(2016)\">Proposition 57\u003c/a>, which made it easier for people who participate in rehabilitation programs to win their parole from prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen also vowed to return to a tougher three strikes law; voters embraced \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/3-strikes-law-revised-under-Prop-36-3930347.php\">changes to that law in 2012\u003c/a>. And, he called for repealing some of the state’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-gun-bill-timeline-20171002-htmlstory.html\">tough gun control measures. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Liberal laws like AB 109 and Propositions 47 and 57 have released thousands of criminals and sex offenders from jails and prisons and into our neighborhoods, feeding the explosion of homeless encampments, drug users and criminals in our neighborhoods,” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, Republicans make up only about one-quarter of the electorate in California, making it far more likely that the next governor will be a Democrat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that’s the case, don’t expect a big shift on criminal justice, said Jessica Levinson, a law professor at Loyola Marymount in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you see (among Democrats) is kind of a race to be the most reform-minded criminal justice proponent,” she said. “You hear a lot of talk from all of them about basically how we need to take preventative measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levinson said she doesn’t see much daylight among the three leading Democrats — Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, state Treasurer John Chiang and former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are clearly some differences among the candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11669748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11669748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-800x537.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"537\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-800x537.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-1020x684.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-1200x805.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-1920x1288.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-1180x791.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-960x644.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-375x252.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/GettyImages-693098880-1-520x349.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa, for example, has tried to strike a middle path, saying he supports reforms and opposes the death penalty. In a statement to KQED, Villaraigosa noted that he long opposed the state’s draconian three strikes law, which voters approved in 1994.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has taken our country too long to recognize that the war on drugs and the politics of being tough on crime led to our country’s crisis of mass incarceration,” Villaraigosa said. “Governor Brown and our state have taken important steps to reform our criminal justice system but much remains to be done. I will continue to work on the path of reforming our criminal justice system. As I have done throughout my career, I will continue to work on reducing incarceration levels, capital punishment and creating economic opportunities that address the root causes of crime and desperation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Villaraigosa also has been critical of realignment and of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11613892/bail-reform-gets-backing-of-governor-chief-justice-but-put-off-to-2018\">a push to move away from California’s money bail system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those positions helped him \u003ca href=\"https://antonioforcalifornia.com/news/ca-police-chiefs-association-porac-antonio-villaraigosa/\">win the backing of several law enforcement groups\u003c/a>, including the Police Officers Research Association of California (PORAC), that have been among the most vocal critics of Brown’s criminal justice agenda. PORAC and others are backing a ballot measure to roll back some of the changes included in Propositions 47 and 57, an initiative those close to the governor see as an attack on his criminal justice accomplishments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PORAC President Brian Marvel noted that Villaraigosa was once speaker of the state Assembly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Which shows that he has the ability to build coalitions, which I think are important. Coalition-building and getting support from a wide variety of interest groups is not easy,” said Marvel, adding that rank-and-file police groups represented by PORAC were often left out of discussions around criminal justice policy in recent years. His group believes Villaraigosa would include them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staking out a more progressive position is Newsom. He has embraced criminal justice reforms, pushing gun control and marijuana legalization at the ballot box and speaking out in favor of bail reform, which lawmakers are currently considering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to KQED, Newsom said he would go even further than Brown, and took a swipe at Villaraigosa, who has accepted money from people in the bail industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11657185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11657185\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-1180x789.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-960x642.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS20460_GettyImages-583816238-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom. \u003ccite>(NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think the governor should be commended for his leadership fighting for sentencing reform, and, unlike my opponents, I was a vocal proponent for Brown’s efforts at the ballot box,” he said. “But we can’t stop there. I was proud to lead efforts to roll back the racist war on drugs, and unlike Antonio Villaraigosa, I believe strongly that our next governor should lead efforts to eliminate the discriminatory cash bail system and take on the private prison industrial complex. Bail bondsmen and the for-profit prison industry should have no place in California’s future. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown hasn’t weighed in on the governor’s race. But Newsom’s positions on criminal justice have won him the backing of those close to Brown, including Dana Williamson, a former aide and current political adviser to the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lieutenant governor’s really the only candidate who has talked about criminal justice reform and embraced the concept that we should be rehabilitating people and, you know, giving them a chance to do better,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11652150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11652150\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"State Treasurer John Chiang walks though the California Democratic Convention in San Diego.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29585_Chiang-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">State Treasurer John Chiang walks though the California Democratic convention in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chiang hasn’t talked much about criminal justice on the campaign trail but laid out a middle-of-the-road approach to KQED, saying he supports bail reform and putting resources behind helping criminal offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As governor, I will help lead the difficult conversations that must happen between law enforcement and communities of color and emphasize a community-oriented approach to policing that builds stronger relationships and understanding,” he said. “At the same time, we need to fully fund our police departments so they can recruit the best officers and provide them with the kind of training they need to understand how to work and live with diverse communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former state Schools Superintendent Delaine Eastin has also\u003ca href=\"https://www.delaineforgovernor.com/her_vision#justice\"> staked out a very progressive position on criminal justice\u003c/a> but is trailing in polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While voters might be able to tease out candidates’ stances on policy, there are other, less discussed arenas of governing where Brown’s decisions have made a big impact. Brown has named a far \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10869617/browns-judicial-appointments-reflect-shift-away-from-harsh-sentencing-policies\">more diverse set of judges\u003c/a> and parole board members than his predecessors, and allowed \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2014/mar/19/governor-brown-releasing-more-lifers/\">a record number of parole releases to go forward.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The appointments to the bench do have a very important, long-term effect,” said Kent Scheidegger, legal director of the conservative Criminal Justice Legal Foundation and a critic of Brown’s approach to criminal justice. “It’s a gradual one that doesn’t necessarily show up right away. But I think we are seeing California courts generally, and the California Supreme Court in particular, being more receptive to arguments made by defendants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scheidegger said the governor’s political power — and fundraising strength — have also had an impact. Brown has put his sizable war chest behind promoting changes at the ballot box like 2016’s Proposition 57.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That measure chipped away at a legacy from Brown’s first terms as governor that many blame for the prison overcrowding: determinate sentencing, which sets a fixed prison term at the time of conviction. Proposition 57 gave the parole board more discretion on when to release an inmate. Scheidegger opposed Proposition 57, and believes the governor is “fundamentally mistaken on a lot of sentencing issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But criminal justice reform advocates like Lenore Anderson believe the changes of the last seven years are only the beginning. Anderson is director of Californians for Safety and Justice, which wrote Proposition 47.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s been so exciting to see in California over the last few years is the popularity of criminal justice reform being demonstrated at the ballot,” she said. “Realignment was enacted through the Legislature and at the time the common-sense thinking was that the public may not be ready for criminal justice reform. But what we found out through Prop. 47 and Prop. 57 is the reverse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson believes the next governor should tackle something that seemed impossible just seven years ago: closing state prisons and finally reducing the amount of money Californians spend on incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Los Alamitos Mayor Troy Edgar, CA Primary Election, Cannabis Tax Revenue",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>White House Visit: Los Alamitos Mayor Troy Edgar\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday, a contingent of California lawmakers and law enforcement officials met with President Trump and members of his Cabinet to discuss a shared view on immigration: namely, opposition to California’s sanctuary policies. At the table was Los Alamitos Mayor Troy Edgar, whose city declared itself exempt from the state’s sanctuary law in April. The law, SB 54, prohibits state and local police from helping federal authorities with immigration enforcement in many cases. We get a report from Mayor Edgar on his visit to the White House.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Primary Election 2018\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With the June 5 primary around the corner, we get analysis from KQED’s Politics and Government team. We’ll discuss the governor’s race, in which President Trump just endorsed Republican candidate John Cox, as well as the increasingly heated San Francisco mayor’s race. We’ll also look at congressional races and statewide ballot measures, including a proposition that would require revenue from a new gas tax to be spent only on transportation projects and another that would give tax relief to homeowners who invest in rainwater capture systems. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, KQED politics and government reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guy Marzorati, KQED politics and government reporter and producer\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scott Shafer, KQED politics and government senior editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cannabis Tax Revenue and Updated Regulations\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last week, Gov. Jerry Brown released a revised state budget that included $14 million to crack down on illegal cannabis sales, while state tax revenue from the legal cannabis industry has been lower than projected. The steep cost of obtaining permits, and the number of cities and counties that still don’t allow legal marijuana activity, are contributing to a still-thriving illicit market for marijuana.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">David Downs, freelance cannabis journalist\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Josh Drayton, California Cannabis Industry Association spokesperson\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>White House Visit: Los Alamitos Mayor Troy Edgar\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday, a contingent of California lawmakers and law enforcement officials met with President Trump and members of his Cabinet to discuss a shared view on immigration: namely, opposition to California’s sanctuary policies. At the table was Los Alamitos Mayor Troy Edgar, whose city declared itself exempt from the state’s sanctuary law in April. The law, SB 54, prohibits state and local police from helping federal authorities with immigration enforcement in many cases. We get a report from Mayor Edgar on his visit to the White House.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Primary Election 2018\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With the June 5 primary around the corner, we get analysis from KQED’s Politics and Government team. We’ll discuss the governor’s race, in which President Trump just endorsed Republican candidate John Cox, as well as the increasingly heated San Francisco mayor’s race. We’ll also look at congressional races and statewide ballot measures, including a proposition that would require revenue from a new gas tax to be spent only on transportation projects and another that would give tax relief to homeowners who invest in rainwater capture systems. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, KQED politics and government reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guy Marzorati, KQED politics and government reporter and producer\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scott Shafer, KQED politics and government senior editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cannabis Tax Revenue and Updated Regulations\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last week, Gov. Jerry Brown released a revised state budget that included $14 million to crack down on illegal cannabis sales, while state tax revenue from the legal cannabis industry has been lower than projected. The steep cost of obtaining permits, and the number of cities and counties that still don’t allow legal marijuana activity, are contributing to a still-thriving illicit market for marijuana.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">David Downs, freelance cannabis journalist\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Josh Drayton, California Cannabis Industry Association spokesperson\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "why-do-thousands-of-l-a-s-homeless-shelter-beds-sit-empty-each-night-rats-roaches-bedbugs-mold",
"title": "Why Do Thousands of L.A.'s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold",
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"headTitle": "Why Do Thousands of L.A.’s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]E[/dropcap]very night, some 43,000 people sleep on the streets of Los Angeles County in tents, cars and makeshift structures. So why do thousands of beds run by the biggest homeless agencies go empty at night?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KPCC\u003c/a> investigation found reports of bedbugs, rats, foul odors, poor lighting, harassment, lax care in medical wards and even a “chicken incubator” in a room where homeless people were sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public documents — including monitoring reports from the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA), health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports — reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reviews conducted at 60 shelters funded by LAHSA last year found more than half — 33 — were not filling all of their beds. Overall, LAHSA-funded shelters had a 78 percent utilization rate, well below the 90 percent required in their contracts. Monitors also found that 25 of those facilities were failing to meet the minimum standards required by their contracts to get people off the streets for good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPCC found that negative monitoring reports, health citations and grievance complaints rarely result in a shelter being shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some shelters raise philanthropic dollars on their own to improve living conditions in their buildings. Those that don’t receive public dollars operate with little to no public accountability at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of accountability for meeting quality and service benchmarks raises questions about what taxpayers are paying for with the hundreds of millions of dollars in Measure H funding now flowing through LAHSA and other public agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who is looking out for the people officials say they are trying to help?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 16,600 shelter beds in L.A. County. They’re almost always run by private nonprofit and faith organizations. Many have contracts with federal, local, and state government agencies that pay for beds for mental health clients, veterans, and other populations they serve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is a patchwork system of oversight. No single public entity is charged with making sure shelters are clean, safe places to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA officials told KPCC the agency has plans to improve shelter quality in L.A. The status quo, however, is not pretty.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Craig Aslin tried the whole homeless shelter thing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, he tried The House of Hope, a boarding home in Jefferson Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sucked,” he said. “I got [eaten] up with bedbugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Aslin left and ended up in a tent on a hilly median off Franklin and Vine in Hollywood. Why? He says his tent is cleaner, he doesn’t have to deal with people he doesn’t like, and he can come and go as he pleases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I live better now than I did then, I mean for real,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668656\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668656\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin.jpg 929w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A 2017 public health inspection of The House of Hope, the shelter Aslin left, did not find bed bugs. It did find 17 other health code violations, including evidence of rats, roaches, suspected mold and issues with waste storage and disposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health department said it does follow-up inspections and sends compliance letters to shelters. It does not, however, shut shelters down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If compliance is not met, enforcement proceeds to the city or district attorney requesting a criminal complaint,” the public affairs department said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Hope is one of many emergency housing options in the county that does not rely on government dollars; that means it’s operating with very little in the way of oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in shelters that do receive public dollars, complaints of unsanitary conditions, vermin and pests are common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a shelter run by Volunteers of America on Skid Row, LAHSA monitors found “water leaking from the walls and underneath the toilets” in the bathroom, toilets that were “not secured,” and a broken, leaking faucet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another VOA shelter in South L.A. was found to have visible damage on floors and the walls and ceilings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One center also did not have grievance forms for clients to complain about its conditions — a requirement of its contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward, executive director of external affairs at the VOA-Greater Los Angeles said the organization has made improvements after having recently taken over the shelter space from another organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We house close to 400 people between the two shelters,” he said. “As you can imagine with such high traffic numbers, maintenance and cleaning was and is a resource-intense undertaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg\" alt=\"Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"431\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-160x86.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-240x129.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-375x202.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-520x280.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents.jpg 921w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sanitation, he said, has improved in the past year. And new funds from Measure H have helped the organization make changes in its shelters, including staying open 24 hours a day and offering more services on site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Russ Hotel in Downtown L.A., a Department of Mental Health client reported bathrooms that were “trashed daily” with toilets that “don’t flush.” Another client reported cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A client at the Testimonial Community Love Center in South L.A. complained of cockroaches in August 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an L.A. Family Housing Shelter, LAHSA monitors found “unacceptable conditions” and “a lack of supervision over rooms.” In one Boyle Heights shelter, monitors found the “walls were covered with Crayola and/or marker writing” and a chicken incubator. Another room was “extremely dirty.” A third had “foul odors” coming from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. Family Housing has since cleared those complaints with the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eve Garrow, who works on homeless issues for the American Civil Liberties Union, said she’s heard complaints of homeless people getting sick in shelters with body lice, head lice and other communicable diseases like MRSA, an infection that is resistant to treatment with many antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mold in the bathrooms, blood on the walls, just a variety of issues that are really unacceptable,” she said. “People with disabilities may try to use shelters and very quickly decide they’re unable to manage their mental health conditions in those shelter spaces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Dangerous as Heck’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lorenna Taylor went to Samoshel, a Santa Monica shelter that resembles a large tent, in 2016 after having neck surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, she said, another client harassed her. The woman, Taylor said, would follow her to the bathroom and started telling other people in the shelter Taylor was actually a man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have left, but I could barely walk,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She complained to staff, but “they told me, you need to be the bigger person,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, there was a physical altercation between the two of them outside of the shelter. Neither woman was convicted of a crime in a subsequent court case. But Taylor said the entire experience left her with trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no safety,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-520x360.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper.jpg 954w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Living in close quarters can breed conflict, said John Maceri of The People Concern, which runs Samoshel. He said his staff intervened multiple times in Taylor’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many homeless people told KPCC they were victims of theft, harassment and even assault by other clients in shelters, and that staff were either indifferent to or untrained to handle the conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The shelters are dangerous as heck,” said Pepper Pilar, who rides a bike covered with Dr. Pepper stickers around Hollywood. “At least out here I have friends to watch my back. In there, they [will steal] your stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Police Department records show that some shelters are visited frequently by officers. A VOA shelter on Broadway in South L.A. had 138 LAPD visits between Jan. 1, 2017 and the end of April 2018. Another VOA shelter had 197 visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The LAPD visits are largely due to client crisis situations as well as calls from shelter staff when client safety is compromised,” said Ward of VOA. “Some would argue that is better that people experience trauma at a staffed facility than on the streets where the outcome is less predictable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘No One Noticed’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Safety and violence are just one concern about quality of care. Former shelter residents also told KPCC they didn’t have faith in medical services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andria McFerson, a former Samoshel resident, said that clients in the “medical ward” — where people with severe medical needs are housed in proximity to a staff nurse — are not checked on regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My friend died there and no one noticed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend was Charles Waldron, a Vietnam War veteran. An L.A. Coroner’s report found that he died of a heart attack at the shelter on Jan. 24, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">The Only California City to Solve Veteran Homelessness Is on a Mission to Go Bigger\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/206887-full-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Waldron was staying in the medical ward, a room with six metal twin-sized beds. He’d been at the shelter about seven months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff saw decedent on 1/23/2016 around midnight in the common area of the shelter,” the report said. At noon the next day, “staff discovered the decedent unresponsive and dialed 911.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paramedics, who found Waldron with red foam coming out of his mouth, beyond resuscitation, pronounced him dead 11 minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri of The People Concern said it’s not unusual for clients to skip a meal. He said Waldron’s medical needs were not severe enough where he needed to be checked by medical professionals daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would not have been a medical reason to force Mr. Waldron to wake up from what staff assumed was him sleeping in after being up late the night before,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4454509-Waldron.html#document/p1/a422371\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">coroner’s report\u003c/a> described his corpse as in the stage of “early decomposition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>No Recourse and Fears of Retaliation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Other homeless people said shelters didn’t work out for them because they were told to leave, often after running into problems. And they said they had no recourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robbin Nugent was kicked out of Samoshel in March after not showing up at the shelter for 68 of the 170 days she was a client. If she wasn’t going to use her bed, the program told her, they’d need it for someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem: her boyfriend, with whom she’s four months pregnant with twins, was also homeless. He’d just graduated from a drug rehab program and was back on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I wasn’t with him at night, I think he would mess up,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg\" alt=\"Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins.\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668708\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-160x118.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-1020x751.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-960x707.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-240x177.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-375x276.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-520x383.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins. \u003ccite>(RINA PALTA/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So she left the shelter to stay with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like, ‘What’s it going to take to get you back into the program?’ And I was like, ‘Get him off the street!’” Nugent said. “It’s my babies’ dad. If he messes up, then all things go to hell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Samoshel told her they didn’t have room for him and didn’t offer any referrals to shelters that might.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nugent, still pregnant, and her boyfriend are now staying in a tent in an alley behind a Santa Monica restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri said clients are expected to use their beds the majority of nights they’re in the program and that shelter “staff spent nearly six months attempting to work with Ms. Nugent to help her be more comfortable in the shelter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision to kick someone out of a shelter should be subject to outside review, said Olga Zurawska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska, a filmmaker who found herself homeless several years ago, said she herself was kicked out of Turning Point, a Santa Monica shelter, in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now an activist for the rights of homeless people, she said she was targeted for speaking up about shelter quality issues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People Concern, which runs the shelter, said it helped place her in permanent housing and that her allegations are untrue and have been thoroughly investigated by multiple agencies, which found them to have no merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said behind the dispute about her stay at Turning Point is a bigger issue: there wasn’t an outside body to step in and provide a neutral assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">California’s Housing Crisis: Working But on the Brink of Homelessness\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-two-9df2c90bfc797a208badf4e4cc348fffba31700e-1-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It goes to the patchwork nature of oversight in an industry — homeless services — that is growing rapidly. Because the shelter she stayed in didn’t receive LAHSA funding, the grievance she filed with the agency bounced back. Turning Point did receive Department of Mental Health funding, but Zurawska was not a mental health client. That meant she did not have recourse with that agency. Eventually she complained to the city of Santa Monica, which helps fund Turning Point, but she said that was a dead end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alisa Orduña, Santa Monica’s senior adviser on homelessness, said complaints about the shelters it funds are taken seriously. But first clients are required to exhaust whatever internal complaint system the shelter has before turning to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said the grievance process was confusing and hard to navigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This population has no rights and no voice, really, and somebody has to do something about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrow of the ACLU agrees that clients need an accessible, visible, neutral third party to appeal to if shelters are going to be more effective going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff really have too much power over clients and clients really have no recourse when staff treat them in a denigrating or disrespectful manner other than to submit a complaint to the very organization that’s mistreating them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, LAHSA, which administers the majority of homeless service contracts in the county, does not have a uniform policy on when it is appropriate to terminate a client from a program. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency does review each shelter’s policy, if it funds the shelter, said Chris Callandrillo, director of procurement and performance management. It does not have reliable data on how many people are kicked out of shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shelters Do Improve, When They Want To\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A startling claim was buried deep inside a client satisfaction report filed on Jan. 5, 2018 by a Department of Mental Health client. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The client gave the shelter run by the nonprofit L.A. Family Housing largely high marks when asked whether to agree or disagree with statements like, “I have generally positive interactions with staff” and “I receive toiletries when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in the comments section, the client wrote: “Someone got stabbed in their room. This place feels like a jail with an open door.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephanie Klasky-Gamer, the president of L.A. Family Housing, confirmed the stabbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an incredibly sad — and scary — but sad day here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also a learning opportunity. The shelter switched security companies — bags were already searched and people searched with a wand on entry, but a knife had gotten in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also revamped its procedures for checking clients, from “every person, every day,” to “every room, every day” — meaning staff members now need to enter every room on the property on a daily basis to check on clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It also allowed us to see things that were getting in that shouldn’t have,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of those changes were required by the myriad agencies that monitor L.A. Family Housing: the Veterans Administration, LAHSA, the L.A. County Department of Mental Health, L.A. County Department of Health Services, several individual cities and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other shelters may also want to improve, she said, but might not have the expertise or resources to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not say that any of our colleagues don’t care,” she said. “I think when you have really limited resources, there are places you cut back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klasky-Gamer said auditors visit the shelters roughly three times a week, generally performing one of three types of check: financial audits, programmatic audits and physical audits. There’s so much monitoring that the space-crunched agency even has a room dedicated to files in its main campus building in North Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she wishes one agency was tasked with taking the lead on auditing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I don’t begrudge oversight,” she said. “These are public dollars and this is a public benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some major issues are not addressed, however, in all the monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA reports do not directly address safety issues beyond emergency evacuation plans, fire extinguishers and cleanliness. The agency said it requires shelters to report incidents of violence and then passes that information to whatever entity — like the city or county or federal government — that funds the shelter’s contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward of the VOA said the decentralized system for regulating shelters can be frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may suffer from not only a lack of a uniform set of standards, but differing levels of accountability and, in some instances, a lack of direction,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York City, Philadelphia and San Francisco have “cabinet level” officers dedicated to addressing homelessness, he said, which helps them organize and build a common mission and set of best practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. has nothing comparable. There’s more coordination than ever before in L.A., but not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still must build a common vision with 15 council districts, a mayor and five county supervisors,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said such a system would be hard to reproduce in decentralized Los Angeles, with its numerous municipalities, multiple funding sources for shelters and wide geography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the small city of San Francisco, it’s doable,” he said. “Within a region like L.A. County, which is 400 square miles, it’s just not a manageable model. And to do it regionally, like we do other services, would probably cost a lot of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear what it takes for a shelter to lose its contract with LAHSA, which works with dozens of agencies. Callandrillo said that it’s happened three times in the past four years. Even as thousands of beds sit empty, the overall number of available beds is too small to risk losing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn't like being around fights.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668711\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-960x649.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-240x162.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-520x352.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles.jpg 991w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn’t like being around fights. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Typically a shelter provider owns the site or holds the lease for a site, so if we’re cancelling a contract, often we’re cancelling the availability of shelter beds in an environment where we have very few shelter beds,” he said. “We try to work with our providers to not have to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said the problem of unused beds is “systemic,” and less about an individual shelter than how people get and find beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not for lack of need,” he said. “One of the main issues is connecting people to available shelter beds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person might walk into a shelter in Santa Monica that’s full, while across town, there’s an available bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA is working on a way to better track available beds so that providers can immediately direct clients to them, Callandrillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said LAHSA has posted a position to create that system, but has not hired for it yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Happens Next?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As these conditions persist, the push is on to rapidly expand L.A.’s shelter system to accommodate a growing population of homeless people — all amidst a housing market that makes the region’s larger goal of finding everyone a long-term, affordable place to live more challenging by the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County and the city of L.A. — through Proposition HHH and a new developer fee for affordable housing — are putting hundreds of millions of dollars into the construction of permanent housing. Providers, however, are still struggling to find enough spots for clients, and construction will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti has proposed funneling $20 million in city funds into creating “temporary” homeless shelters in each of the city’s 15 council districts. A neighborhood that accepts a shelter, in turn, has been promised additional sanitation resources and police attention to ensure that it stays free of encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every homeless Angeleno needs a safe, clean, place to sleep at night,” Anna Bahr, the mayor’s deputy press secretary, said. “Each new site will have unprecedented service delivery: 24/7 security, mental health professionals, employment specialists, and anti-addiction experts. The mayor’s office will be monitoring each site closely, to ensure they remain safe and clean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County is also poised to shift more funds from Measure H, a new quarter-cent sales tax for homeless services, into interim housing like shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA has recently upped the rate it pays shelters to improve quality. That money is intended to fund more robust services and amenities on site — what the industry calls “bridge housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a key change if the goal remains finding permanent housing and jobs for as many of the region’s homeless people as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move appears to have merit. LAHSA figures show that for the past year, about 39 percent of those in bridge housing have moved on to permanent homes. For those in traditional shelters, the number was 17 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 2,000 clients were in bridge housing during that period, while 12,000 lived in standard shelters. In all, close to 60,000 people lack permanent housing in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU’s Garrow says the goal of getting people back on their feet and into permanent housing is not easy. That makes conditions in shelters that much more important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The promise is that they’re temporary, but so often it’s a broken promise,” Garrow said. “We have to ensure that shelters are humane and held to the highest possible standards because people will be living in them for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Derosier contributed to this report. This story was made possible with help from the Fund for Investigative Reporting. Support was also provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which is supporting an investigative reporting collaboration among KPCC, WNYC in New York, WABE in Atlanta, KCUR in Kansas City and APM Reports.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around L.A. County.",
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"title": "Why Do Thousands of L.A.'s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold | KQED",
"description": "Health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around L.A. County.",
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"headline": "Why Do Thousands of L.A.'s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/about/people/staff/rina-palta\">Rina Palta\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">E\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>very night, some 43,000 people sleep on the streets of Los Angeles County in tents, cars and makeshift structures. So why do thousands of beds run by the biggest homeless agencies go empty at night?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KPCC\u003c/a> investigation found reports of bedbugs, rats, foul odors, poor lighting, harassment, lax care in medical wards and even a “chicken incubator” in a room where homeless people were sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public documents — including monitoring reports from the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA), health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports — reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reviews conducted at 60 shelters funded by LAHSA last year found more than half — 33 — were not filling all of their beds. Overall, LAHSA-funded shelters had a 78 percent utilization rate, well below the 90 percent required in their contracts. Monitors also found that 25 of those facilities were failing to meet the minimum standards required by their contracts to get people off the streets for good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPCC found that negative monitoring reports, health citations and grievance complaints rarely result in a shelter being shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some shelters raise philanthropic dollars on their own to improve living conditions in their buildings. Those that don’t receive public dollars operate with little to no public accountability at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of accountability for meeting quality and service benchmarks raises questions about what taxpayers are paying for with the hundreds of millions of dollars in Measure H funding now flowing through LAHSA and other public agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who is looking out for the people officials say they are trying to help?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 16,600 shelter beds in L.A. County. They’re almost always run by private nonprofit and faith organizations. Many have contracts with federal, local, and state government agencies that pay for beds for mental health clients, veterans, and other populations they serve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is a patchwork system of oversight. No single public entity is charged with making sure shelters are clean, safe places to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA officials told KPCC the agency has plans to improve shelter quality in L.A. The status quo, however, is not pretty.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Craig Aslin tried the whole homeless shelter thing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, he tried The House of Hope, a boarding home in Jefferson Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sucked,” he said. “I got [eaten] up with bedbugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Aslin left and ended up in a tent on a hilly median off Franklin and Vine in Hollywood. Why? He says his tent is cleaner, he doesn’t have to deal with people he doesn’t like, and he can come and go as he pleases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I live better now than I did then, I mean for real,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668656\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668656\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin.jpg 929w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A 2017 public health inspection of The House of Hope, the shelter Aslin left, did not find bed bugs. It did find 17 other health code violations, including evidence of rats, roaches, suspected mold and issues with waste storage and disposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health department said it does follow-up inspections and sends compliance letters to shelters. It does not, however, shut shelters down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If compliance is not met, enforcement proceeds to the city or district attorney requesting a criminal complaint,” the public affairs department said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Hope is one of many emergency housing options in the county that does not rely on government dollars; that means it’s operating with very little in the way of oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in shelters that do receive public dollars, complaints of unsanitary conditions, vermin and pests are common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a shelter run by Volunteers of America on Skid Row, LAHSA monitors found “water leaking from the walls and underneath the toilets” in the bathroom, toilets that were “not secured,” and a broken, leaking faucet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another VOA shelter in South L.A. was found to have visible damage on floors and the walls and ceilings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One center also did not have grievance forms for clients to complain about its conditions — a requirement of its contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward, executive director of external affairs at the VOA-Greater Los Angeles said the organization has made improvements after having recently taken over the shelter space from another organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We house close to 400 people between the two shelters,” he said. “As you can imagine with such high traffic numbers, maintenance and cleaning was and is a resource-intense undertaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg\" alt=\"Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"431\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-160x86.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-240x129.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-375x202.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-520x280.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents.jpg 921w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sanitation, he said, has improved in the past year. And new funds from Measure H have helped the organization make changes in its shelters, including staying open 24 hours a day and offering more services on site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Russ Hotel in Downtown L.A., a Department of Mental Health client reported bathrooms that were “trashed daily” with toilets that “don’t flush.” Another client reported cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A client at the Testimonial Community Love Center in South L.A. complained of cockroaches in August 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an L.A. Family Housing Shelter, LAHSA monitors found “unacceptable conditions” and “a lack of supervision over rooms.” In one Boyle Heights shelter, monitors found the “walls were covered with Crayola and/or marker writing” and a chicken incubator. Another room was “extremely dirty.” A third had “foul odors” coming from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. Family Housing has since cleared those complaints with the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eve Garrow, who works on homeless issues for the American Civil Liberties Union, said she’s heard complaints of homeless people getting sick in shelters with body lice, head lice and other communicable diseases like MRSA, an infection that is resistant to treatment with many antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mold in the bathrooms, blood on the walls, just a variety of issues that are really unacceptable,” she said. “People with disabilities may try to use shelters and very quickly decide they’re unable to manage their mental health conditions in those shelter spaces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Dangerous as Heck’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lorenna Taylor went to Samoshel, a Santa Monica shelter that resembles a large tent, in 2016 after having neck surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, she said, another client harassed her. The woman, Taylor said, would follow her to the bathroom and started telling other people in the shelter Taylor was actually a man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have left, but I could barely walk,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She complained to staff, but “they told me, you need to be the bigger person,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, there was a physical altercation between the two of them outside of the shelter. Neither woman was convicted of a crime in a subsequent court case. But Taylor said the entire experience left her with trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no safety,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-520x360.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper.jpg 954w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Living in close quarters can breed conflict, said John Maceri of The People Concern, which runs Samoshel. He said his staff intervened multiple times in Taylor’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many homeless people told KPCC they were victims of theft, harassment and even assault by other clients in shelters, and that staff were either indifferent to or untrained to handle the conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The shelters are dangerous as heck,” said Pepper Pilar, who rides a bike covered with Dr. Pepper stickers around Hollywood. “At least out here I have friends to watch my back. In there, they [will steal] your stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Police Department records show that some shelters are visited frequently by officers. A VOA shelter on Broadway in South L.A. had 138 LAPD visits between Jan. 1, 2017 and the end of April 2018. Another VOA shelter had 197 visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The LAPD visits are largely due to client crisis situations as well as calls from shelter staff when client safety is compromised,” said Ward of VOA. “Some would argue that is better that people experience trauma at a staffed facility than on the streets where the outcome is less predictable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘No One Noticed’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Safety and violence are just one concern about quality of care. Former shelter residents also told KPCC they didn’t have faith in medical services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andria McFerson, a former Samoshel resident, said that clients in the “medical ward” — where people with severe medical needs are housed in proximity to a staff nurse — are not checked on regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My friend died there and no one noticed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend was Charles Waldron, a Vietnam War veteran. An L.A. Coroner’s report found that he died of a heart attack at the shelter on Jan. 24, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">The Only California City to Solve Veteran Homelessness Is on a Mission to Go Bigger\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/206887-full-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Waldron was staying in the medical ward, a room with six metal twin-sized beds. He’d been at the shelter about seven months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff saw decedent on 1/23/2016 around midnight in the common area of the shelter,” the report said. At noon the next day, “staff discovered the decedent unresponsive and dialed 911.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paramedics, who found Waldron with red foam coming out of his mouth, beyond resuscitation, pronounced him dead 11 minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri of The People Concern said it’s not unusual for clients to skip a meal. He said Waldron’s medical needs were not severe enough where he needed to be checked by medical professionals daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would not have been a medical reason to force Mr. Waldron to wake up from what staff assumed was him sleeping in after being up late the night before,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4454509-Waldron.html#document/p1/a422371\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">coroner’s report\u003c/a> described his corpse as in the stage of “early decomposition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>No Recourse and Fears of Retaliation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Other homeless people said shelters didn’t work out for them because they were told to leave, often after running into problems. And they said they had no recourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robbin Nugent was kicked out of Samoshel in March after not showing up at the shelter for 68 of the 170 days she was a client. If she wasn’t going to use her bed, the program told her, they’d need it for someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem: her boyfriend, with whom she’s four months pregnant with twins, was also homeless. He’d just graduated from a drug rehab program and was back on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I wasn’t with him at night, I think he would mess up,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg\" alt=\"Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins.\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668708\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-160x118.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-1020x751.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-960x707.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-240x177.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-375x276.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-520x383.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins. \u003ccite>(RINA PALTA/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So she left the shelter to stay with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like, ‘What’s it going to take to get you back into the program?’ And I was like, ‘Get him off the street!’” Nugent said. “It’s my babies’ dad. If he messes up, then all things go to hell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Samoshel told her they didn’t have room for him and didn’t offer any referrals to shelters that might.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nugent, still pregnant, and her boyfriend are now staying in a tent in an alley behind a Santa Monica restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri said clients are expected to use their beds the majority of nights they’re in the program and that shelter “staff spent nearly six months attempting to work with Ms. Nugent to help her be more comfortable in the shelter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision to kick someone out of a shelter should be subject to outside review, said Olga Zurawska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska, a filmmaker who found herself homeless several years ago, said she herself was kicked out of Turning Point, a Santa Monica shelter, in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now an activist for the rights of homeless people, she said she was targeted for speaking up about shelter quality issues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People Concern, which runs the shelter, said it helped place her in permanent housing and that her allegations are untrue and have been thoroughly investigated by multiple agencies, which found them to have no merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said behind the dispute about her stay at Turning Point is a bigger issue: there wasn’t an outside body to step in and provide a neutral assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">California’s Housing Crisis: Working But on the Brink of Homelessness\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-two-9df2c90bfc797a208badf4e4cc348fffba31700e-1-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It goes to the patchwork nature of oversight in an industry — homeless services — that is growing rapidly. Because the shelter she stayed in didn’t receive LAHSA funding, the grievance she filed with the agency bounced back. Turning Point did receive Department of Mental Health funding, but Zurawska was not a mental health client. That meant she did not have recourse with that agency. Eventually she complained to the city of Santa Monica, which helps fund Turning Point, but she said that was a dead end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alisa Orduña, Santa Monica’s senior adviser on homelessness, said complaints about the shelters it funds are taken seriously. But first clients are required to exhaust whatever internal complaint system the shelter has before turning to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said the grievance process was confusing and hard to navigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This population has no rights and no voice, really, and somebody has to do something about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrow of the ACLU agrees that clients need an accessible, visible, neutral third party to appeal to if shelters are going to be more effective going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff really have too much power over clients and clients really have no recourse when staff treat them in a denigrating or disrespectful manner other than to submit a complaint to the very organization that’s mistreating them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, LAHSA, which administers the majority of homeless service contracts in the county, does not have a uniform policy on when it is appropriate to terminate a client from a program. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency does review each shelter’s policy, if it funds the shelter, said Chris Callandrillo, director of procurement and performance management. It does not have reliable data on how many people are kicked out of shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shelters Do Improve, When They Want To\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A startling claim was buried deep inside a client satisfaction report filed on Jan. 5, 2018 by a Department of Mental Health client. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The client gave the shelter run by the nonprofit L.A. Family Housing largely high marks when asked whether to agree or disagree with statements like, “I have generally positive interactions with staff” and “I receive toiletries when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in the comments section, the client wrote: “Someone got stabbed in their room. This place feels like a jail with an open door.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephanie Klasky-Gamer, the president of L.A. Family Housing, confirmed the stabbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an incredibly sad — and scary — but sad day here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also a learning opportunity. The shelter switched security companies — bags were already searched and people searched with a wand on entry, but a knife had gotten in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also revamped its procedures for checking clients, from “every person, every day,” to “every room, every day” — meaning staff members now need to enter every room on the property on a daily basis to check on clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It also allowed us to see things that were getting in that shouldn’t have,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of those changes were required by the myriad agencies that monitor L.A. Family Housing: the Veterans Administration, LAHSA, the L.A. County Department of Mental Health, L.A. County Department of Health Services, several individual cities and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other shelters may also want to improve, she said, but might not have the expertise or resources to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not say that any of our colleagues don’t care,” she said. “I think when you have really limited resources, there are places you cut back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klasky-Gamer said auditors visit the shelters roughly three times a week, generally performing one of three types of check: financial audits, programmatic audits and physical audits. There’s so much monitoring that the space-crunched agency even has a room dedicated to files in its main campus building in North Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she wishes one agency was tasked with taking the lead on auditing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I don’t begrudge oversight,” she said. “These are public dollars and this is a public benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some major issues are not addressed, however, in all the monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA reports do not directly address safety issues beyond emergency evacuation plans, fire extinguishers and cleanliness. The agency said it requires shelters to report incidents of violence and then passes that information to whatever entity — like the city or county or federal government — that funds the shelter’s contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward of the VOA said the decentralized system for regulating shelters can be frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may suffer from not only a lack of a uniform set of standards, but differing levels of accountability and, in some instances, a lack of direction,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York City, Philadelphia and San Francisco have “cabinet level” officers dedicated to addressing homelessness, he said, which helps them organize and build a common mission and set of best practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. has nothing comparable. There’s more coordination than ever before in L.A., but not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still must build a common vision with 15 council districts, a mayor and five county supervisors,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said such a system would be hard to reproduce in decentralized Los Angeles, with its numerous municipalities, multiple funding sources for shelters and wide geography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the small city of San Francisco, it’s doable,” he said. “Within a region like L.A. County, which is 400 square miles, it’s just not a manageable model. And to do it regionally, like we do other services, would probably cost a lot of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear what it takes for a shelter to lose its contract with LAHSA, which works with dozens of agencies. Callandrillo said that it’s happened three times in the past four years. Even as thousands of beds sit empty, the overall number of available beds is too small to risk losing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn't like being around fights.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668711\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-960x649.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-240x162.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-520x352.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles.jpg 991w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn’t like being around fights. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Typically a shelter provider owns the site or holds the lease for a site, so if we’re cancelling a contract, often we’re cancelling the availability of shelter beds in an environment where we have very few shelter beds,” he said. “We try to work with our providers to not have to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said the problem of unused beds is “systemic,” and less about an individual shelter than how people get and find beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not for lack of need,” he said. “One of the main issues is connecting people to available shelter beds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person might walk into a shelter in Santa Monica that’s full, while across town, there’s an available bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA is working on a way to better track available beds so that providers can immediately direct clients to them, Callandrillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said LAHSA has posted a position to create that system, but has not hired for it yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Happens Next?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As these conditions persist, the push is on to rapidly expand L.A.’s shelter system to accommodate a growing population of homeless people — all amidst a housing market that makes the region’s larger goal of finding everyone a long-term, affordable place to live more challenging by the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County and the city of L.A. — through Proposition HHH and a new developer fee for affordable housing — are putting hundreds of millions of dollars into the construction of permanent housing. Providers, however, are still struggling to find enough spots for clients, and construction will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti has proposed funneling $20 million in city funds into creating “temporary” homeless shelters in each of the city’s 15 council districts. A neighborhood that accepts a shelter, in turn, has been promised additional sanitation resources and police attention to ensure that it stays free of encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every homeless Angeleno needs a safe, clean, place to sleep at night,” Anna Bahr, the mayor’s deputy press secretary, said. “Each new site will have unprecedented service delivery: 24/7 security, mental health professionals, employment specialists, and anti-addiction experts. The mayor’s office will be monitoring each site closely, to ensure they remain safe and clean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County is also poised to shift more funds from Measure H, a new quarter-cent sales tax for homeless services, into interim housing like shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA has recently upped the rate it pays shelters to improve quality. That money is intended to fund more robust services and amenities on site — what the industry calls “bridge housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a key change if the goal remains finding permanent housing and jobs for as many of the region’s homeless people as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move appears to have merit. LAHSA figures show that for the past year, about 39 percent of those in bridge housing have moved on to permanent homes. For those in traditional shelters, the number was 17 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 2,000 clients were in bridge housing during that period, while 12,000 lived in standard shelters. In all, close to 60,000 people lack permanent housing in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU’s Garrow says the goal of getting people back on their feet and into permanent housing is not easy. That makes conditions in shelters that much more important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The promise is that they’re temporary, but so often it’s a broken promise,” Garrow said. “We have to ensure that shelters are humane and held to the highest possible standards because people will be living in them for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Derosier contributed to this report. This story was made possible with help from the Fund for Investigative Reporting. Support was also provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which is supporting an investigative reporting collaboration among KPCC, WNYC in New York, WABE in Atlanta, KCUR in Kansas City and APM Reports.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Where Do You Go When You Leave the Hospital But Are Homeless?",
"title": "Where Do You Go When You Leave the Hospital But Are Homeless?",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Suzanne Adams stood outside \u003ca href=\"http://www.catsinc.org/a-woman-s-place.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Woman’s Place\u003c/a>, a homeless drop-in center in San Francisco. Adams, who works there as a psychologist, pointed to the curb near the front entrance. It's where taxis regularly drop off homeless patients who have just been discharged from the hospital. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Generally speaking the driver is kind enough to assist some of these women in exiting the vehicle and grabbing some of their belongings,\" Adams said. \"The patient or client enters in through our door sometimes bewildered and confused as to why they’re here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of the women are elderly. Some have never been to A Woman's Place before the taxi drops them off, while others are regulars. Whatever the case, the center just isn’t prepared to take in medically fragile patients straight from the hospital, according to Adams. It’s not a clinic, and it’s not even a shelter. Women and families can stop in to take showers, do laundry or get counseling. There aren’t any beds, just a television set and lots of chairs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1152\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A bill\u003c/a> under consideration in Sacramento aims to address this practice, which some advocates call \"patient dumping.\" They say hospitals commonly discharge homeless patients by sending them to social service agencies or other nonprofits, and they do this without contacting those locations first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams said this “dumping” happens at least once a week at A Woman's Place. One of the cases that haunts her involves an elderly woman who has a serious mental illness. Recently, the client had deteriorated so much that she couldn’t use the toilet alone. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She wasn’t leaving the building under her own accord,\" Adams said. \"She wasn’t accessing food or water without the assistance of other people. She tried to pay me a dollar the other day to go buy her some ramen so that she could eat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams sent the woman to the hospital, hoping psychiatric services would help. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, less than 24 hours later, she returned here,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The same client was resting at the center on the day a KQED reporter visited, sitting in a black chair that she favors. Adams said the woman’s mental illness still wasn't well-controlled, so she couldn't speak coherently or consent to an interview. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In an ideal world, she would be transferred to a 'board and care' or an assisted living facility, where they could manage her mental health as well as her medical health in a fashion that we simply don’t have the infrastructure for,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The legislation moving through the state Senate would require that patients be discharged to one of four \"safe and appropriate\" locations: their primary dwelling (as identified by the homeless patient), another health center or hospital, a nonprofit or social service agency that has given written consent to accept the patient, or an alternative spot that the patient has consented to go to, in writing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"http://sd22.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sen. Ed Hernandez\u003c/a>, D-West Covina, introduced the bill. He said hospitals, as part of society, have obligations to homeless Californians. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they fall down and have a heart attack, and somebody sends them to the hospital, we’re required by law -- which is the humane thing to do -- to treat those individuals,\" said Hernandez, who is an optometrist and chair of the Senate Health Committee. He was referring to a federal law called \u003ca href=\"https://www.acep.org/news-media-top-banner/emtala/#sm.000005tj0xf3geeirxddg2ghqr9qa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EMTALA\u003c/a>, which mandates that emergency rooms accept and treat everyone, regardless of ability to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But EMTALA doesn't address how patients are discharged from ERs. \"Once they’re treated, the humane thing is to figure out where we’re going to place them, as opposed to just leaving them out in the street immediately,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">His bill would require some additional work on the part of ER staffers at California hospitals, such as getting consent from a shelter where the hospital wants to send the patient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can’t imagine that it’s going to be that costly to pick up the phone,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The legislation also lays out a checklist of things to do before discharge. For example, the patient must be hydrated, have recently eaten and be dressed in weather-appropriate clothing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But hospitals are pushing back, saying the list is too specific, and doesn’t give hospital workers enough flexibility to decide what’s right for each patient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.calhospital.org/profile/peggy-broussard-wheeler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Peggy Wheeler\u003c/a> is the vice president for rural health and governance for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calhospital.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Hospital Association\u003c/a>. She said the bill would put yet another burden on emergency care. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hospital ERs are overcrowded,\" Wheeler said. \"If we had to hold on to a patient in a bed in the ER, that’s one less bed, two less beds, three less beds that would be available for other members of the community that need to come in and use the ER.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams, the psychologist at A Woman’s Place, thinks the bill is a good step. But she said it doesn’t get at the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">root \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">problem, which is that the Bay Area doesn’t have enough options for patients who still need help \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">after\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> they leave the hospital. There aren’t enough nursing homes, rehabilitation units or assisted care programs for elderly, low-income or disabled patients. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s a health insurance issue, it’s an aging issue, it’s a lack of infrastructure and funding,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Until that gets fixed, Adams fears many patients will continue to shuttle between hospitals, the shelter system and the street. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Suzanne Adams stood outside \u003ca href=\"http://www.catsinc.org/a-woman-s-place.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Woman’s Place\u003c/a>, a homeless drop-in center in San Francisco. Adams, who works there as a psychologist, pointed to the curb near the front entrance. It's where taxis regularly drop off homeless patients who have just been discharged from the hospital. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Generally speaking the driver is kind enough to assist some of these women in exiting the vehicle and grabbing some of their belongings,\" Adams said. \"The patient or client enters in through our door sometimes bewildered and confused as to why they’re here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of the women are elderly. Some have never been to A Woman's Place before the taxi drops them off, while others are regulars. Whatever the case, the center just isn’t prepared to take in medically fragile patients straight from the hospital, according to Adams. It’s not a clinic, and it’s not even a shelter. Women and families can stop in to take showers, do laundry or get counseling. There aren’t any beds, just a television set and lots of chairs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1152\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A bill\u003c/a> under consideration in Sacramento aims to address this practice, which some advocates call \"patient dumping.\" They say hospitals commonly discharge homeless patients by sending them to social service agencies or other nonprofits, and they do this without contacting those locations first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams said this “dumping” happens at least once a week at A Woman's Place. One of the cases that haunts her involves an elderly woman who has a serious mental illness. Recently, the client had deteriorated so much that she couldn’t use the toilet alone. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She wasn’t leaving the building under her own accord,\" Adams said. \"She wasn’t accessing food or water without the assistance of other people. She tried to pay me a dollar the other day to go buy her some ramen so that she could eat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams sent the woman to the hospital, hoping psychiatric services would help. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, less than 24 hours later, she returned here,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The same client was resting at the center on the day a KQED reporter visited, sitting in a black chair that she favors. Adams said the woman’s mental illness still wasn't well-controlled, so she couldn't speak coherently or consent to an interview. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In an ideal world, she would be transferred to a 'board and care' or an assisted living facility, where they could manage her mental health as well as her medical health in a fashion that we simply don’t have the infrastructure for,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The legislation moving through the state Senate would require that patients be discharged to one of four \"safe and appropriate\" locations: their primary dwelling (as identified by the homeless patient), another health center or hospital, a nonprofit or social service agency that has given written consent to accept the patient, or an alternative spot that the patient has consented to go to, in writing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"http://sd22.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sen. Ed Hernandez\u003c/a>, D-West Covina, introduced the bill. He said hospitals, as part of society, have obligations to homeless Californians. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they fall down and have a heart attack, and somebody sends them to the hospital, we’re required by law -- which is the humane thing to do -- to treat those individuals,\" said Hernandez, who is an optometrist and chair of the Senate Health Committee. He was referring to a federal law called \u003ca href=\"https://www.acep.org/news-media-top-banner/emtala/#sm.000005tj0xf3geeirxddg2ghqr9qa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EMTALA\u003c/a>, which mandates that emergency rooms accept and treat everyone, regardless of ability to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But EMTALA doesn't address how patients are discharged from ERs. \"Once they’re treated, the humane thing is to figure out where we’re going to place them, as opposed to just leaving them out in the street immediately,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">His bill would require some additional work on the part of ER staffers at California hospitals, such as getting consent from a shelter where the hospital wants to send the patient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can’t imagine that it’s going to be that costly to pick up the phone,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The legislation also lays out a checklist of things to do before discharge. For example, the patient must be hydrated, have recently eaten and be dressed in weather-appropriate clothing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But hospitals are pushing back, saying the list is too specific, and doesn’t give hospital workers enough flexibility to decide what’s right for each patient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.calhospital.org/profile/peggy-broussard-wheeler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Peggy Wheeler\u003c/a> is the vice president for rural health and governance for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calhospital.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Hospital Association\u003c/a>. She said the bill would put yet another burden on emergency care. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hospital ERs are overcrowded,\" Wheeler said. \"If we had to hold on to a patient in a bed in the ER, that’s one less bed, two less beds, three less beds that would be available for other members of the community that need to come in and use the ER.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams, the psychologist at A Woman’s Place, thinks the bill is a good step. But she said it doesn’t get at the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">root \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">problem, which is that the Bay Area doesn’t have enough options for patients who still need help \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">after\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> they leave the hospital. There aren’t enough nursing homes, rehabilitation units or assisted care programs for elderly, low-income or disabled patients. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s a health insurance issue, it’s an aging issue, it’s a lack of infrastructure and funding,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Until that gets fixed, Adams fears many patients will continue to shuttle between hospitals, the shelter system and the street. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Congressman Adam Schiff\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, new questions were raised about whether President Trump knew about hush money paid to porn actress Stephanie Clifford, also known as Stormy Daniels. In an interview on Fox News, Trump’s newly appointed attorney Rudy Giuliani gave details of an apparent reimbursement made by the president during his campaign. Also on the national agenda are signs of progress in talks with North Korea. We discuss these stories and California politics with U.S. Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Burbank).\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Supreme Court Rules on Gig Workers\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Supreme Court of California issued a big victory this week for those who work in the so-called gig economy, where people take jobs at varying times and places — like those who drive for Uber and Lyft. The lawsuit originated with courier and delivery workers at a company called Dynamex Operations West who said they should be considered employees, not contractors. In its ruling, the court said companies must prove that workers operate their own business in order to classify them as independent contractors.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sam Harnett, KQED Silicon Valley reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Veena Dubal, UC Hastings College of the Law professor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Edward Escobar, Uber driver and advocate\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California GOP Convention\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This weekend, at the California Republican Party’s annual spring convention, delegates will decide which GOP candidate will get the party’s endorsement in the race for governor — California State Assemblyman Travis Allen of Huntington Beach or venture capitalist John Cox. Both candidates have spoken out against the state’s sanctuary policies, which limit cooperation between local law enforcement and immigration agents. They also both support a ballot initiative that would repeal a recent hike on gas taxes and vehicle registration fees. KQED politics reporter Marisa Lagos gives us an update from the convention in San Diego.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Congressman Adam Schiff\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, new questions were raised about whether President Trump knew about hush money paid to porn actress Stephanie Clifford, also known as Stormy Daniels. In an interview on Fox News, Trump’s newly appointed attorney Rudy Giuliani gave details of an apparent reimbursement made by the president during his campaign. Also on the national agenda are signs of progress in talks with North Korea. We discuss these stories and California politics with U.S. Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Burbank).\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Supreme Court Rules on Gig Workers\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Supreme Court of California issued a big victory this week for those who work in the so-called gig economy, where people take jobs at varying times and places — like those who drive for Uber and Lyft. The lawsuit originated with courier and delivery workers at a company called Dynamex Operations West who said they should be considered employees, not contractors. In its ruling, the court said companies must prove that workers operate their own business in order to classify them as independent contractors.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sam Harnett, KQED Silicon Valley reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Veena Dubal, UC Hastings College of the Law professor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Edward Escobar, Uber driver and advocate\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California GOP Convention\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This weekend, at the California Republican Party’s annual spring convention, delegates will decide which GOP candidate will get the party’s endorsement in the race for governor — California State Assemblyman Travis Allen of Huntington Beach or venture capitalist John Cox. Both candidates have spoken out against the state’s sanctuary policies, which limit cooperation between local law enforcement and immigration agents. They also both support a ballot initiative that would repeal a recent hike on gas taxes and vehicle registration fees. KQED politics reporter Marisa Lagos gives us an update from the convention in San Diego.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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He was initially booked into jail last May and charged with burglary, robbery, elder abuse and theft. Humphrey has remained in custody since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors Allison Macbeth and Courtney Burris had \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4451990-Request-for-Detention-180413.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sought to keep\u003c/a> Humphrey in jail, citing previous robbery convictions going back to the 1980s, which they said showed that Humphrey was a threat to public safety and had a pattern of preying on vulnerable victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not only does he not follow the rules, but he commits more crimes,” Burris said during a hearing on the case Tuesday. “The idea of releasing him to another residential facility for seniors creates a fox-in-the-hen-house scenario.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Macbeth said Humphrey is facing a 41-year-to-life sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Brendan Conroy, however, agreed Thursday to grant Deputy Public Defender Anita Nabha’s request that Humphrey be released to a Mission District residential recovery facility for seniors, which has already agreed to take him in. He will remain out of custody — as long as he abides by the conditions of his release — while he awaits trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has no police contact for 11 years prior to this incident,” Nabha argued. “The suggestion that he has not been able to be successful on parole is just not true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conroy said from the bench that if his only choice was to release Humphrey on his own recognizance or detain him, Humphrey would remain in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a detention case,” Conroy said. “This isn’t about poor people being kept in jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge noted the seriousness of the charges against Humphrey, but he also said that new options for conditions on his release have emerged in the past year. That includes the option for free electronic monitoring through the city’s Sheriff’s Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humphrey will be put on house arrest, meaning he can’t leave the treatment facility, will be monitored electronically 24 hours a day and be subject to searches, Conroy ruled. Additionally, he is to stay away from the victim in the case and the Turk Street residential senior facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After issuing his ruling, Conroy told Humphrey that he’d “become somewhat of a symbol.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot is on your shoulders,” Conroy said. “I wish you all the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside of court, Nabha said of Humphrey, “He’s obviously very happy that he’s going to be able to continue this fight outside of jail and continue to work on his health and progress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a monumental decision today by the judge, and we’re very grateful that he is abiding by the new law and he’s recognizing that this case, Mr. Humphrey’s case, changed state law,” Public Defender Jeff Adachi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After his 2017 arrest, Humphrey’s bail had initially been set at $600,000 based on the state’s bail schedule, but a judge eventually lowered it to $350,000 after the San Francisco public defender’s office argued that the initial amount was excessive and that Humphrey did not pose a risk to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, after reviewing Humphrey’s case, the state appeals court ruled that a judge must consider the defendant’s ability to pay when setting bail. Setting bail higher than a person can afford effectively jails the defendant for being poor, the ruling concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While San Francisco District Attorney George Gascón has been in favor of changing the money bail system, he sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4451989-Letter-to-Supreme-Court.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">letter\u003c/a> last month to the state Supreme Court requesting clarification on conflicting appellate rulings, and arguing courts should still be allowed to consider a threat to public safety when setting bail amounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The District Attorney’s Office has championed the use of an algorithmic “\u003ca href=\"http://sfdistrictattorney.org/public-safety-assessment-tool\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">public safety assessment\u003c/a>” tool, which analyzes a defendant’s criminal history and current charges and measures it against thousands of other cases. The tool then makes a recommendation on whether a defendant should be held in jail or released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to make these very important decisions based on science and data, not money,” district attorney spokesman Max Szabo said, noting that the tool recommended Humphrey remain in jail. “We believe that’s a safer approach, but that doesn’t mean everybody gets out either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It looks like Kenneth Humphrey will be released, however, by Wednesday. The state Supreme Court has until the end of this month to decide whether it will weigh in on the constitutionality of monetary bail, according to Boudin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Alex Emslie of KQED News contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Kenneth Humphrey is charged with felony burglary and robbery for allegedly stealing $5 and a bottle of cologne from a neighbor. A ruling on his case requires judges to consider defendants' ability to pay when setting bail.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A San Francisco Superior Court judge Thursday agreed to release a man from custody ahead of his trial after he spent nearly a year in jail because he couldn’t afford to pay bail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kenneth Humphrey’s case inspired a \u003ca href=\"http://www.courts.ca.gov/opinions/documents/A152056.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">landmark decision\u003c/a> earlier this year when the state’s 1st District Court of Appeal in San Francisco ruled that judges must consider a defendant’s ability to pay when setting bail terms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mr. Humphrey has been in custody for almost a year without receiving a bail hearing that meets minimum constitutional standards,” said Deputy Public Defender Chesa Boudin, who brought the appellate challenge on Humphrey’s behalf. “He’s one of literally tens of thousands of people across the state of California sitting in jail simply because they’re too poor to purchase their freedom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humphrey, 64, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4451988-Kenneth-Humphrey-Information-170726.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is accused\u003c/a> of entering his elderly neighbor’s home, threatening him and then stealing $5 and a bottle of cologne. He was initially booked into jail last May and charged with burglary, robbery, elder abuse and theft. Humphrey has remained in custody since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors Allison Macbeth and Courtney Burris had \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4451990-Request-for-Detention-180413.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sought to keep\u003c/a> Humphrey in jail, citing previous robbery convictions going back to the 1980s, which they said showed that Humphrey was a threat to public safety and had a pattern of preying on vulnerable victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not only does he not follow the rules, but he commits more crimes,” Burris said during a hearing on the case Tuesday. “The idea of releasing him to another residential facility for seniors creates a fox-in-the-hen-house scenario.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Macbeth said Humphrey is facing a 41-year-to-life sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Brendan Conroy, however, agreed Thursday to grant Deputy Public Defender Anita Nabha’s request that Humphrey be released to a Mission District residential recovery facility for seniors, which has already agreed to take him in. He will remain out of custody — as long as he abides by the conditions of his release — while he awaits trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has no police contact for 11 years prior to this incident,” Nabha argued. “The suggestion that he has not been able to be successful on parole is just not true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conroy said from the bench that if his only choice was to release Humphrey on his own recognizance or detain him, Humphrey would remain in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a detention case,” Conroy said. “This isn’t about poor people being kept in jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge noted the seriousness of the charges against Humphrey, but he also said that new options for conditions on his release have emerged in the past year. That includes the option for free electronic monitoring through the city’s Sheriff’s Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humphrey will be put on house arrest, meaning he can’t leave the treatment facility, will be monitored electronically 24 hours a day and be subject to searches, Conroy ruled. Additionally, he is to stay away from the victim in the case and the Turk Street residential senior facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After issuing his ruling, Conroy told Humphrey that he’d “become somewhat of a symbol.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot is on your shoulders,” Conroy said. “I wish you all the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside of court, Nabha said of Humphrey, “He’s obviously very happy that he’s going to be able to continue this fight outside of jail and continue to work on his health and progress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a monumental decision today by the judge, and we’re very grateful that he is abiding by the new law and he’s recognizing that this case, Mr. Humphrey’s case, changed state law,” Public Defender Jeff Adachi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After his 2017 arrest, Humphrey’s bail had initially been set at $600,000 based on the state’s bail schedule, but a judge eventually lowered it to $350,000 after the San Francisco public defender’s office argued that the initial amount was excessive and that Humphrey did not pose a risk to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, after reviewing Humphrey’s case, the state appeals court ruled that a judge must consider the defendant’s ability to pay when setting bail. Setting bail higher than a person can afford effectively jails the defendant for being poor, the ruling concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While San Francisco District Attorney George Gascón has been in favor of changing the money bail system, he sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4451989-Letter-to-Supreme-Court.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">letter\u003c/a> last month to the state Supreme Court requesting clarification on conflicting appellate rulings, and arguing courts should still be allowed to consider a threat to public safety when setting bail amounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The District Attorney’s Office has championed the use of an algorithmic “\u003ca href=\"http://sfdistrictattorney.org/public-safety-assessment-tool\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">public safety assessment\u003c/a>” tool, which analyzes a defendant’s criminal history and current charges and measures it against thousands of other cases. The tool then makes a recommendation on whether a defendant should be held in jail or released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to make these very important decisions based on science and data, not money,” district attorney spokesman Max Szabo said, noting that the tool recommended Humphrey remain in jail. “We believe that’s a safer approach, but that doesn’t mean everybody gets out either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It looks like Kenneth Humphrey will be released, however, by Wednesday. The state Supreme Court has until the end of this month to decide whether it will weigh in on the constitutionality of monetary bail, according to Boudin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Alex Emslie of KQED News contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California cannabis businesses are hopeful a bill making its way through the state Legislature could provide them with some \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11647144/should-california-create-a-public-bank-for-cannabis-businesses\" target=\"_blank\">banking solutions\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because it’s still illegal to use marijuana under federal law, most banks won’t work with cannabis businesses — and that means the industry operates largely in cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bill from state Sen. Bob Hertzberg (D-Van Nuys), \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB930\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 930\u003c/a>, would create a closed system of banks and credit unions that would deal exclusively with marijuana businesses based within California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cannabis businesses would also be required to get private insurance, since they would not be backed by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fdic.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertzberg said the network would have to be essentially walled off from the traditional banking system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’m trying to do is get as much cash into vaults as possible,” he said. “Get the government paid as much as possible and take as much public safety risk out of the system as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the measure — which has now cleared two Senate committees — the cannabis banks and credit unions could only perform specific functions, such as taking deposits and issuing special-purpose checks. They would not be able to offer loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy O’Gorman Jenkins, senior policy director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cacannabisindustry.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Cannabis Industry Association\u003c/a>, said the industry has billions of dollars in sales, yet is essentially shut out of the current banking system. And that can create some huge headaches. For instance, she said one association member recently submitted a million-dollar tax payment to the state — all of it in cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took multiple cars,” she said. “It took two days to count.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenkins said, aside from being inefficient, handling that much cash also poses a serious threat of theft and violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill now moves to the Senate Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’m trying to do is get as much cash into vaults as possible,” he said. “Get the government paid as much as possible and take as much public safety risk out of the system as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the measure — which has now cleared two Senate committees — the cannabis banks and credit unions could only perform specific functions, such as taking deposits and issuing special-purpose checks. They would not be able to offer loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy O’Gorman Jenkins, senior policy director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cacannabisindustry.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Cannabis Industry Association\u003c/a>, said the industry has billions of dollars in sales, yet is essentially shut out of the current banking system. And that can create some huge headaches. For instance, she said one association member recently submitted a million-dollar tax payment to the state — all of it in cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took multiple cars,” she said. “It took two days to count.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenkins said, aside from being inefficient, handling that much cash also poses a serious threat of theft and violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill now moves to the Senate Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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