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"disqusTitle": "Legalizing Cannabis Has Unexpected Impact on Food and Farming in Humboldt",
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"content": "\u003cp>Like so many people in southern Humboldt County, Beth Allen has her feet in two worlds. She and her husband started Amillias, a take-out counter and brunch restaurant, 17 years ago in the town of Garberville, but she’s grown cannabis more than twice that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first reported on marijuana in this part of California almost a decade ago, the price of cannabis was higher than it is now, and I saw small businesses thriving. When I drove the commercial strip of Garberville late this past summer, I saw boarded up storefronts and closed businesses. The whole place looks like it could use a coat of paint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen remembers the 1980s, when law enforcement came down hard on growers, sending helicopters into the remote hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were protesting and not moving out of the way so the helicopters could land,” she recalled. “You see all of the rivets under the belly of that helicopter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty years ago, a pound of marijuana could fetch over $5,000. On previous visits I learned that growers funded the construction of non-profit clinics and community centers, and they also had money to spend on higher-end restaurants and specialty foods unusual in a small, rural community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amillias catered to that crowd, with its focus on regional ingredients and the personal stories behind their food. Take their pork products: Allen and her husband have known their pig farmer for nearly two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He drives to Eureka with a trailer, gets whatever's left over from the Booth Brewing Company and his pigs are raised on marijuana and beer,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791519\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791519\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Beth Allen at the take-out counter of her restaurant Amillia's in Garberville.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beth Allen at the take-out counter of her restaurant Amillia's in Garberville. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen has ridden the waves of change in the cannabis industry — from the legalization of medical marijuana to influxes of get-rich-quick growers. In recent years, she advocated for full legalization, and when that became a reality, she tried getting her property through the permitting process in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would show up at the planning department with a box of pastries, a big smile on my face, saying ‘How can we help you get us through this process?’ ” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she found it so frustrating and expensive, she gave up on trying to get a permit for growing legal marijuana. One legalization expert said it can cost a grower $125,000 to get licensed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"cannabis\" label=\"more coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the restaurant business started to falter. Amillias had expanded about five years ago by adding a dining room downstairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew that we could offer something to the community and in a beautiful space,” she said. “Unfortunately I have really bad timing because our community was collapsing. The beginning of the collapse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Allen said, they had a thriving dinner service and private parties, but legalization triggered a drop in the price of cannabis to under $1,000 per pound, down from over $5,000 in marijuana’s heyday. Allen believes this is why fewer people started coming to the restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean we would have no one,\" Allen said. \"All of the staff, we would just stand here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said the take-out counter's revenue dropped by 50%, while the dining room fell by 75%. They closed their dinner service and started a weekend brunch to see if that would draw customers, but they're now considering reducing that to Sundays only. The restaurant went from nine employees to four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a few new restaurants have opened in the region, anecdotally, waitresses from Ukiah to Eureka say they’re seeing fewer customers and getting smaller tips. And I talked with a chef on the coast who told me he closed his high-end restaurant after the economic dip. He said, growers just weren't coming in any more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said she questions her earlier support of legalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just lay in bed at night and think, ‘What was I thinking?’ ” she said. “I have strived to feed my community. I am not perfect. I am far from perfect. I just have to be very quiet, keep my head down and do the work. I pray every day for guidance of what is the right path for us, and what’s the right path for my community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Farming Food and Cannabis Together\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>According to farmers, legalization is bringing changes to food production in Humboldt County, too. For some, there are new opportunities and new customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a distribution center for the cannabis company Flow Kana in the small town of Whitethorn, one employee perk is weekly produce boxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a break, employees crowded around farmer Daniel Stein of Briceland Forest Farm to look at the shishito peppers, beets, broccoli, and lettuce in the week's offerings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flow Kana purchases the produce from Humboldt and surrounding counties, and gives it to their employees around the state. According to Flow Kana, in the last 18 months the company purchased nearly 5,000 produce boxes for its employees, paying local farmers almost $150,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a new revenue stream for Stein, albeit a small one. He’s historically sold most of his produce at farmers markets but said attendance at markets is down, and so is his income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had an economy here that was largely based on the legacy market,” also known as the black market, Stein said. “Under that economy, I think money flowed more freely, people had more time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the economy shifts to growing cannabis legally with permits, much remains in limbo. Prices are changing and many growers don't know if they'll make it through the complicated and pricey permitting process to farm marijuana legally. There's talk of old timers who have stopped growing cannabis, even moved away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our economy and our culture right now is in a period of unknown,” Stein added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncertainty may also be keeping people from spending, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To me, some of this sounds like typical growing pains in an agricultural industry: The market has changed, so expenses are up, while profits are down, and business owners like Stein have to get creative and find new opportunities, like selling produce boxes to marijuana companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kevin Cunningham\"]\"There were seven acres for sale just down the road from us for $1.2 million because it has a stamped cannabis permit. That's just unattainable for somebody who wants to start out growing vegetables. Absolutely unattainable.\"[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Stein said that legalization has also changed where people farm. Marijuana growers used to grow way up in the hills, where their crops could more easily evade detection from law enforcement. Now, if someone wants to start a new cannabis farm, they can do it out in the open, on prime, flat farmland zoned for agricultural development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And of course that's driven the price of prime ag land in Humboldt through the roof,” said Stein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another farmer at the Garberville farmers' market, Kevin Cunningham, chimed in. “There were seven acres for sale just down the road from us for $1.2 million because it has a stamped cannabis permit,\" he said. \"That's just unattainable for somebody who wants to start out growing vegetables. Absolutely unattainable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some cannabis farmers aren’t planting on that prime farmland, said Cunningham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen in our river valley good prime ag soils essentially get paved over for putting in greenhouses, which then will truck in soil to grow cannabis in,\" he said. \"I'm not anti-cannabis but I am anti-stupidity, and I don't think that that's the proper way to develop an agricultural industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stein and his young family are a little nervous. Daniel's wife Taylor Stein said, “This transition time is certainly scary watching things board up and close down. At the same time, the community is discovering its new identity” — albeit one that’s probably going to be less flush with cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Steins, however, said making money has never been their primary reason for farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791520\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791520\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Daniel Stein picks lemon cucumbers at Briceland Forest Farm.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Stein picks lemon cucumbers at Briceland Forest Farm. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I visit the couple and their two small kids at Briceland Forest Farm, where the Steins use organic and regenerative methods on their vibrant row crops. They’re proud that the farm takes up only one acre of their 160-acre property, which is mostly forested land with creeks running through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they pulled their baby in a wagon, the Steins pointed out the late-summer crops of kale and lemon cucumbers. A little frog hopped among the cabbages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing alongside the produce were towering cannabis plants. They've always grown both. They told me, an integrated farm makes good business sense, and it fits their values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a more profitable crop than veggies alone at the moment, even though that’s changing,” said Taylor Stein. \"Cannabis, it’s a dance partner through the season. It is so rewarding to grow a plant that starts from a seed in February and is the size of a tree in November. It responds to your attention and care immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the legalization of marijuana, the Steins said they spent time on habitat restoration on their land and on experimenting with sustainable farming techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now they’re finding themselves spending a lot more time and money on getting permits to grow cannabis legally. Still, Daniel Stein says they’re holding on. He hopes that their way of farming and growing both food and cannabis will allow them to make a living and raise their family in this place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Like so many people in southern Humboldt County, Beth Allen has her feet in two worlds. She and her husband started Amillias, a take-out counter and brunch restaurant, 17 years ago in the town of Garberville, but she’s grown cannabis more than twice that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first reported on marijuana in this part of California almost a decade ago, the price of cannabis was higher than it is now, and I saw small businesses thriving. When I drove the commercial strip of Garberville late this past summer, I saw boarded up storefronts and closed businesses. The whole place looks like it could use a coat of paint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen remembers the 1980s, when law enforcement came down hard on growers, sending helicopters into the remote hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were protesting and not moving out of the way so the helicopters could land,” she recalled. “You see all of the rivets under the belly of that helicopter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty years ago, a pound of marijuana could fetch over $5,000. On previous visits I learned that growers funded the construction of non-profit clinics and community centers, and they also had money to spend on higher-end restaurants and specialty foods unusual in a small, rural community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amillias catered to that crowd, with its focus on regional ingredients and the personal stories behind their food. Take their pork products: Allen and her husband have known their pig farmer for nearly two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He drives to Eureka with a trailer, gets whatever's left over from the Booth Brewing Company and his pigs are raised on marijuana and beer,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791519\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791519\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Beth Allen at the take-out counter of her restaurant Amillia's in Garberville.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beth Allen at the take-out counter of her restaurant Amillia's in Garberville. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen has ridden the waves of change in the cannabis industry — from the legalization of medical marijuana to influxes of get-rich-quick growers. In recent years, she advocated for full legalization, and when that became a reality, she tried getting her property through the permitting process in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would show up at the planning department with a box of pastries, a big smile on my face, saying ‘How can we help you get us through this process?’ ” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she found it so frustrating and expensive, she gave up on trying to get a permit for growing legal marijuana. One legalization expert said it can cost a grower $125,000 to get licensed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the restaurant business started to falter. Amillias had expanded about five years ago by adding a dining room downstairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew that we could offer something to the community and in a beautiful space,” she said. “Unfortunately I have really bad timing because our community was collapsing. The beginning of the collapse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Allen said, they had a thriving dinner service and private parties, but legalization triggered a drop in the price of cannabis to under $1,000 per pound, down from over $5,000 in marijuana’s heyday. Allen believes this is why fewer people started coming to the restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean we would have no one,\" Allen said. \"All of the staff, we would just stand here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said the take-out counter's revenue dropped by 50%, while the dining room fell by 75%. They closed their dinner service and started a weekend brunch to see if that would draw customers, but they're now considering reducing that to Sundays only. The restaurant went from nine employees to four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a few new restaurants have opened in the region, anecdotally, waitresses from Ukiah to Eureka say they’re seeing fewer customers and getting smaller tips. And I talked with a chef on the coast who told me he closed his high-end restaurant after the economic dip. He said, growers just weren't coming in any more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said she questions her earlier support of legalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just lay in bed at night and think, ‘What was I thinking?’ ” she said. “I have strived to feed my community. I am not perfect. I am far from perfect. I just have to be very quiet, keep my head down and do the work. I pray every day for guidance of what is the right path for us, and what’s the right path for my community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Farming Food and Cannabis Together\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>According to farmers, legalization is bringing changes to food production in Humboldt County, too. For some, there are new opportunities and new customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a distribution center for the cannabis company Flow Kana in the small town of Whitethorn, one employee perk is weekly produce boxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a break, employees crowded around farmer Daniel Stein of Briceland Forest Farm to look at the shishito peppers, beets, broccoli, and lettuce in the week's offerings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flow Kana purchases the produce from Humboldt and surrounding counties, and gives it to their employees around the state. According to Flow Kana, in the last 18 months the company purchased nearly 5,000 produce boxes for its employees, paying local farmers almost $150,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a new revenue stream for Stein, albeit a small one. He’s historically sold most of his produce at farmers markets but said attendance at markets is down, and so is his income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had an economy here that was largely based on the legacy market,” also known as the black market, Stein said. “Under that economy, I think money flowed more freely, people had more time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the economy shifts to growing cannabis legally with permits, much remains in limbo. Prices are changing and many growers don't know if they'll make it through the complicated and pricey permitting process to farm marijuana legally. There's talk of old timers who have stopped growing cannabis, even moved away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our economy and our culture right now is in a period of unknown,” Stein added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncertainty may also be keeping people from spending, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To me, some of this sounds like typical growing pains in an agricultural industry: The market has changed, so expenses are up, while profits are down, and business owners like Stein have to get creative and find new opportunities, like selling produce boxes to marijuana companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Stein said that legalization has also changed where people farm. Marijuana growers used to grow way up in the hills, where their crops could more easily evade detection from law enforcement. Now, if someone wants to start a new cannabis farm, they can do it out in the open, on prime, flat farmland zoned for agricultural development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And of course that's driven the price of prime ag land in Humboldt through the roof,” said Stein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another farmer at the Garberville farmers' market, Kevin Cunningham, chimed in. “There were seven acres for sale just down the road from us for $1.2 million because it has a stamped cannabis permit,\" he said. \"That's just unattainable for somebody who wants to start out growing vegetables. Absolutely unattainable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some cannabis farmers aren’t planting on that prime farmland, said Cunningham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen in our river valley good prime ag soils essentially get paved over for putting in greenhouses, which then will truck in soil to grow cannabis in,\" he said. \"I'm not anti-cannabis but I am anti-stupidity, and I don't think that that's the proper way to develop an agricultural industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stein and his young family are a little nervous. Daniel's wife Taylor Stein said, “This transition time is certainly scary watching things board up and close down. At the same time, the community is discovering its new identity” — albeit one that’s probably going to be less flush with cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Steins, however, said making money has never been their primary reason for farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791520\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791520\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Daniel Stein picks lemon cucumbers at Briceland Forest Farm.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Stein picks lemon cucumbers at Briceland Forest Farm. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I visit the couple and their two small kids at Briceland Forest Farm, where the Steins use organic and regenerative methods on their vibrant row crops. They’re proud that the farm takes up only one acre of their 160-acre property, which is mostly forested land with creeks running through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they pulled their baby in a wagon, the Steins pointed out the late-summer crops of kale and lemon cucumbers. A little frog hopped among the cabbages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing alongside the produce were towering cannabis plants. They've always grown both. They told me, an integrated farm makes good business sense, and it fits their values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a more profitable crop than veggies alone at the moment, even though that’s changing,” said Taylor Stein. \"Cannabis, it’s a dance partner through the season. It is so rewarding to grow a plant that starts from a seed in February and is the size of a tree in November. It responds to your attention and care immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the legalization of marijuana, the Steins said they spent time on habitat restoration on their land and on experimenting with sustainable farming techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now they’re finding themselves spending a lot more time and money on getting permits to grow cannabis legally. Still, Daniel Stein says they’re holding on. He hopes that their way of farming and growing both food and cannabis will allow them to make a living and raise their family in this place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal bankruptcy judge on Tuesday approved two PG&E settlements totaling $24.5 billion to help pay the losses suffered by homeowners, businesses and insurers in the aftermath of catastrophic Northern California wildfires that sent the nation’s largest utility into a financial morass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision by U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Dennis Montali at the end of a five-hour court hearing bolsters PG&E’s chances of following its preferred path for getting out of bankruptcy by a make-or-break June 30 deadline. Montali also handed the utility another victory by rejecting attempts by a competing group to offer an alternative proposal to steer PG&E out of bankruptcy instead of the company’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the strides made Tuesday, PG&E still faces huge obstacles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most significant is California Gavin Newsom’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791271/gov-gavin-newsom-rejects-13-5-billion-pge-settlement\">recent conclusion\u003c/a> that PG&E’s plan to emerge from bankruptcy doesn’t comply with state law, which the company must do to qualify for coverage in a wildfire fund approved by the California Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11791486 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/NYSE-Trader-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s plan relies on coverage from the fund created last summer to insulate PG&E and other utilities from losses caused by future wildfires that could be ignited by their transmission lines. That specter looms large, given that PG&E’s outdated equipment and managerial negligence has been blamed for the series of deadly wildfires that raged through Northern California in 2017 and 2018, killing dozens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E sought refuge in bankruptcy in January as it grappled with $36 billion in claims from people who lost homes, businesses and family members in those fires. Those claims will now be settled as part of a $13.5 billion deal that PG&E worked out earlier this month with lawyers representing uninsured and underinsured victims of the past fires. Insurers had been threatening to try to recover the roughly $20 billion in policyholder claims that they believe they will end up paying for losses in those fires. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E settled with the insurers for $11 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s rejection of PG&E’s current plan late last week had threatened to blow up PG&E’s deal with the fire victims because it initially required his approval. But the company and attorneys for the fire victims got around that problem by revising their agreement late Monday so the settlement no longer relied on Newsom’s blessing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E must still find a way to gain Newsom’s support for its overall plan — but the judge’s approval of the fire victims settlement buys the company more time to win him over. Among other things, Newsom is demanding PG&E replace its entire 14-member board of directors, including CEO Bill Johnson, and make it easier for state and local governments to launch a bid to take over the company and turn it into a customer-owned cooperative if it continues to operate in an unsafe or unreliable manner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11784972 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/PGE-Worker-Pole-Geyserville-1020x680.jpg']If the company can’t placate Newsom ahead of the June 30 bankruptcy deadline, the settlements with both the fire victims and insurers could still fall apart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nancy Mitchell, an attorney representing Newsom at Tuesday’s hearing, told Montali that PG&E seems determined to retool its plan to the governor’s satisfaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have been tremendous on getting the plan closer” to meet Newsom’s approval, she said. “We are not there.” She said ensuring the fire victims get paid for their losses is one of the governor’s “north stars.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E considered Montali’s decision on the settlements “a crossroads in the case,” the utility’s lawyer, Stephen Karotkin, told Montali. Without the settlements, Karotkin warned that PG&E would have been stuck in a litigation quagmire that would have eliminated any hope the company had of getting out of bankruptcy next summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several other key issues still have to be worked out, including how the trust for the fire victims will be managed and the process for submitting claims. Attorneys for the victims told Montali Tuesday they hope to have those details ironed out by Jan. 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"pge\"]It wasn’t all good news for PG&E on Tuesday, though. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California regulators announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpuc.ca.gov/uploadedFiles/CPUCWebsite/Content/News_Room/NewsUpdates/2019/I.19-06-015_Joint%20Motion%20for%20Approval%20of%20Settlement%20Agmt_12-17-19PDFA.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">a proposed $1.7 billion settlement\u003c/a> that will punish the utility for sparking the fires in 2017 and 2018. The terms will stick the utility’s shareholders with the responsibility for paying for the company’s efforts to provide “safe and reliable service.” It also figures to undercut PG&E’s profits while sparing the utility’s customers the indignity of further raising their prices for electricity, which already are among the highest in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement with the California Public Utilities Commission still needs Montali’s approval. Besides preventing PG&E from billing customers for recovering the $1.625 billion it expects to incur in legal costs from the fires, it requires the company to earmark an additional $50 million to improve operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement comes after the commission found the utility failed to sufficiently identify dead and dying trees, remove brush and dead trees that can spark wildfires, failed to patrol and maintain its electrical systems and disposed of maintenance evidence needed in the investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another development Tuesday, Montali \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791737/bankruptcy-judge-rules-that-ghost-ship-lawsuit-against-pge-can-proceed\">gave approval for another group of victims to move forward with a civil trial\u003c/a> against PG&E to determine its liability in the December 2016 Ghost Ship warehouse fire in Oakland that killed 36 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montali ruled that their lawsuits against PG&E can proceed, with the caveat that any damages would be capped at the amount of coverage remaining from the utility’s 2016 insurance policies so the company won’t have to drain its depleted finances even further. Attorneys for the fire victims suggested in court that as much as $900 million could still be available under PG&E’s 2016 insurance policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>If the company can’t placate Newsom ahead of the June 30 bankruptcy deadline, the settlements with both the fire victims and insurers could still fall apart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nancy Mitchell, an attorney representing Newsom at Tuesday’s hearing, told Montali that PG&E seems determined to retool its plan to the governor’s satisfaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have been tremendous on getting the plan closer” to meet Newsom’s approval, she said. “We are not there.” She said ensuring the fire victims get paid for their losses is one of the governor’s “north stars.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E considered Montali’s decision on the settlements “a crossroads in the case,” the utility’s lawyer, Stephen Karotkin, told Montali. Without the settlements, Karotkin warned that PG&E would have been stuck in a litigation quagmire that would have eliminated any hope the company had of getting out of bankruptcy next summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several other key issues still have to be worked out, including how the trust for the fire victims will be managed and the process for submitting claims. Attorneys for the victims told Montali Tuesday they hope to have those details ironed out by Jan. 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It wasn’t all good news for PG&E on Tuesday, though. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California regulators announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpuc.ca.gov/uploadedFiles/CPUCWebsite/Content/News_Room/NewsUpdates/2019/I.19-06-015_Joint%20Motion%20for%20Approval%20of%20Settlement%20Agmt_12-17-19PDFA.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">a proposed $1.7 billion settlement\u003c/a> that will punish the utility for sparking the fires in 2017 and 2018. The terms will stick the utility’s shareholders with the responsibility for paying for the company’s efforts to provide “safe and reliable service.” It also figures to undercut PG&E’s profits while sparing the utility’s customers the indignity of further raising their prices for electricity, which already are among the highest in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement with the California Public Utilities Commission still needs Montali’s approval. Besides preventing PG&E from billing customers for recovering the $1.625 billion it expects to incur in legal costs from the fires, it requires the company to earmark an additional $50 million to improve operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement comes after the commission found the utility failed to sufficiently identify dead and dying trees, remove brush and dead trees that can spark wildfires, failed to patrol and maintain its electrical systems and disposed of maintenance evidence needed in the investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another development Tuesday, Montali \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791737/bankruptcy-judge-rules-that-ghost-ship-lawsuit-against-pge-can-proceed\">gave approval for another group of victims to move forward with a civil trial\u003c/a> against PG&E to determine its liability in the December 2016 Ghost Ship warehouse fire in Oakland that killed 36 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montali ruled that their lawsuits against PG&E can proceed, with the caveat that any damages would be capped at the amount of coverage remaining from the utility’s 2016 insurance policies so the company won’t have to drain its depleted finances even further. Attorneys for the fire victims suggested in court that as much as $900 million could still be available under PG&E’s 2016 insurance policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "wall-street-could-make-1-billion-off-pges-bankruptcy-and-ratepayers-are-on-the-hook",
"title": "Wall Street Could Make $1 Billion Off PG&E's Bankruptcy – and Ratepayers Are on the Hook",
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"headTitle": "Wall Street Could Make $1 Billion Off PG&E’s Bankruptcy – and Ratepayers Are on the Hook | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>PG&E’s bankruptcy is making some people very rich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the utility filed for Chapter 11 protection in January, lawyers and consultants have made a staggering $217 million. Big banks have netted $114 million in financing fees — and that number could top $1 billion by the time the company exits bankruptcy next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are reaping the bankruptcy windfall, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A handful of hedge funds stand to make billions because they own nearly one-fifth of PG&E’s stock and bought up more than half of the wildfire insurance claims against the company — meaning they are basically on both sides of the negotiating table in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And stock prices are fluctuating wildly based on the latest twists and turns in the bankruptcy case, providing speculators the opportunity to make huge short-term returns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Mark Toney, president of TURN\"]‘[Bankruptcy is a] strategy of Wall Street to extract the maximum amount of cash from California ratepayers.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bankruptcy is big business for Wall Street, and PG&E’s Chapter 11 case is no different — except in this situation, utility ratepayers are the ones who will likely be picking up the bulk of the tab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“PG&E’s sole source of revenue, the only way they earn money, is from ratepayer bills,” said Mark Toney, president of the ratepayer advocacy group TURN. “PG&E filed for bankruptcy voluntarily … PG&E didn’t have to go into bankruptcy. They did it for their financial advantage and to try to stick their shareholder costs to the ratepayers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bankruptcy, he charged, is a “strategy of Wall Street to extract the maximum amount of cash from California ratepayers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E disputes that characterization, noting through a spokeswoman that a state law passed earlier this year requires the utility’s exit plan from bankruptcy to be “neutral, to ratepayers, on average” and that shareholders will pay for the costs of the Chapter 11 case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Gov. Gavin Newsom has raised concerns as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Friday, in a letter to PG&E executives, Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791271/gov-gavin-newsom-rejects-13-5-billion-pge-settlement\">rejected the utility’s current proposal\u003c/a> for exiting bankruptcy, saying it doesn’t do enough to ensure that the company will emerge stronger and better able to provide safe, reliable power. He wrote that PG&E’s proposal depends too much on borrowing money, and he wants more accountability — including a plan for essentially handing control of the company over to the state or another third party if it fails to meet the state’s requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Jared Ellias of UC Hastings College of the Law, an expert in bankruptcy law who has been following PG&E’s case closely, agreed that customers are the ones who will foot most of the bill for this bankruptcy — and that PG&E’s current plan for the future wouldn’t transform the utility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a ratepayer, it can be strange to watch all of these investors making money off PG&E while feeling kind of helpless, because chances are our rates are going to go up in the years to come,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This company isn’t leaving bankruptcy with a solution to its business problems,” Ellias added. “So I think as a ratepayer, it’s really easy to be cynical” about how the process benefits investors, banks, lawyers and other consultants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing billions of dollars in legal claims from wildfire victims and demands from the governor, state officials and a federal court to dramatically improve its safety performance, there’s no doubt that PG&E would have had to spend at least some of the money it’s now shelling out in bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11791423 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/GettyImages-1194346460.jpg']But there are major costs that the company wouldn’t be incurring if it hadn’t filed for bankruptcy, according to court filings and regulatory records reviewed by KQED News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellias said there’s an entire industry dedicated to helping shepherd big companies through bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a large number of professionals who are highly skilled, who specialize in helping companies like PG&E and their creditors deal with their problems. They are very, very skilled professionals … but they’re also incredibly expensive. And so when a company runs into financial trouble, they tend to have to spend a lot of money on lawyers and consultants and investment bankers to try to get a handle on what’s going on,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are doubts over whether the company will in fact emerge from the bankruptcy proceedings stronger, with less debt and better able to serve the 16 million residents who depend on it for power — even though the purpose of Chapter 11 is for a reorganized company to exit the process more financially stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally when a company leaves bankruptcy, they’ve convinced the judge that whatever their business problems were prior to entering into bankruptcy, they’ve solved those problems,” Ellias said. “They’ve chosen to use the bankruptcy process to try to manage the fire victims’ claims, … and to try to settle those claims. And that’s the main thing they’re going to accomplish in bankruptcy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jared Ellias, professor at UC Hastings College of the Law\"]‘[PG&E] isn’t leaving bankruptcy with a solution to its business problems.’[/pullquote]But the new PG&E won’t have solved its most pressing challenge: How to stop causing devastating wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not leaving bankruptcy with a lot of ammunition in the tank to deal with the problems that are going to come to them in the years ahead,” Ellias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they leave, they’re not going to be all that different than the PG&E that filed for Chapter 11 in January.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Business of Bankruptcy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are many ways in which investors, lawyers and consultants are making money off PG&E’s bankruptcy. Some are straightforward, such as the money being paid out to attorneys, investment advisers and accounting firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are more nebulous and difficult to quantify — like the profits still being made from stock trades and the enormous sums that hedge funds stand to earn by essentially playing both sides of the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some are largely unknown, such as the fees being paid to banks that have agreed to finance future loans to the company, the terms of which are generally kept secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what KQED found after reviewing court filings and other records.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fees and Expenses: ‘Among the Most Expensive Bankruptcy Cases Ever’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The biggest ticket items so far are the fees and expenses charged to PG&E by lawyers, accountants, investment bankers and other consultants: According to a KQED review of court records, that bill totals at least $217,771,932.16 so far. That number encompasses all the fees and expenses filed with the bankruptcy court to date, generally covering the period from January through September, with some including October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s a bill that will only climb. U.S. Trustee Andrew Vara, the government watchdog overseeing PG&E’s case, wrote in a recent court filing that the professional fees in this case “are likely to rank eventually among the most expensive bankruptcy cases ever filed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791531\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791531\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelly Heigert/KQED\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under bankruptcy law, the company filing for Chapter 11 must pay for not only their own attorneys and consultants, but also for those representing the groups to whom the company owes money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that in addition to their own lawyers, PG&E has been billed more than $26 million in attorney fees and expenses between January and October by the group representing wildfire victims; $21.5 million by financial advisers working for PG&E’s secured creditors; and nearly $18 million by the law firm charged with representing unsecured creditors — groups that PG&E owes money to that don’t have collateral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody who is considered a creditor, someone that PG&E owes money to, gets a seat at the table and they get their lawyer fees, all of the expert fees reimbursed,” said Toney, the ratepayer advocate. “So we’re talking about the hedge funds are getting reimbursed. We’re talking about the wildfire claimants, the insurance companies. … The only party not being represented is ratepayers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>All the Company’s Lawyers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The seven law firms assisting PG&E in the bankruptcy have billed the company more than $125 million this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By far the biggest of those bills comes from Cravath, Swaine & Moore, PG&E’s lead attorneys for wildfire-related tort issues. The firm has billed more than $71 million in fees and expenses since the bankruptcy case was filed, including more than $13 million in September alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another firm, Munger, Tolles & Olson, represents PG&E before regulators and on wildfire liability issues. For the first 10 months of this year, the firm has billed nearly $20 million in legal fees and more than $250,000 in expenses. That includes $3.97 million in fees and expenses in October alone. Lawyers at the firm charge between $400 and $1,400 an hour; and expenses include $19,230.59 in hotel charges in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Weil, Gotshal & Manges, PG&E’s main bankruptcy attorneys, billed more than $23 million in fees and expenses through September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11782798 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/GettyImages-1175134929-1020x676.jpg']Vara, the federal trustee overseeing the case, has questioned whether all the expenses are justified. In a September filing, he wrote he had found “$4 million in improper, excessive, or otherwise objectionable fees and expenses” and said the first round of fee applications “reflect numerous instances of questionable billing judgment and overstaffing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He cited internal meetings and conference calls involving 22 attorneys from the same firm; “numerous instances of large numbers of attorneys billing” for the same hearing; “implausibly high numbers of billable hours” by one lawyer in a single day — including one case in which a person billed for 24 hours in one day; and meals and transportation expenses charged to PG&E even when no case was done for the utility that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bankruptcy judge eventually approved all the charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, PG&E told KQED News that the company has “retained expert advisors to help guide us through the complex Chapter 11 process – and help shape the business for the future – so that the company can remain focused on serving customers, enhancing our wildfire safety efforts, and working together with our stakeholders to create a more sustainable foundation for the delivery of safe, reliable and affordable service in the years ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Financing Fees: Paying a Premium for Bankruptcy Loans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The other direct way PG&E is paying Wall Street is through borrowing money. The interest and fees associated with those loans could top $1 billion, even if the company doesn’t actually tap all the cash it’s qualified to borrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a company like PG&E files for bankruptcy, it must secure financing to carry it through the court proceedings. Those loans leapfrog to the head of the line, meaning they are guaranteed to be paid back ahead of other debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, the company must set up exit financing to help ensure a smooth transition out of bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, PG&E secured $5.5 billion in financing at the beginning of the bankruptcy from 10 large institutions: J.P. Morgan Securities, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Barclays Bank, Citibank, BNP Paribas Securities, Credit Suisse Loan Funding, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, MUFG Union Bank and Wells Fargo Securities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, according to SEC filings, those loans have netted the banks $114 million in financing fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellias says studies have shown bankruptcy financing carries higher costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In some ways it’s kind of like a penalty, where you did a poor job managing your business and now you can get this loan that is more expensive than what you should have had to pay,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786435\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786435\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Image-from-iOS-1020x680-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"PG&E CEO Bill Johnson addressed the utility's widespread power shutoffs at an emergency meeting of the California Public Utilities Commission on Oct. 18, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Image-from-iOS-1020x680-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Image-from-iOS-1020x680-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Image-from-iOS-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E CEO Bill Johnson addressed the utility’s widespread power shutoffs at an emergency meeting of the California Public Utilities Commission on Oct. 18, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Less clear still is how much PG&E will pay for its next round of financing, though one estimate pegs the number at $1 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an Oct. 23 court filing, PG&E wrote that it plans to use $14 billion in equity commitment and has lined up $34 billion in bridge loans if it needs to draw on them for its exit financing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company wrote in the filing that it does not currently anticipate having to draw on those bridge loans. But attorneys for wildfire victims pointed out in a court filing that even if the company doesn’t need the loans, it will still have to pay steep financing fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fees for this unnecessary financing could exceed $1 billion,” lawyer David J. Richardson, of the Baker & Hostetler firm, wrote in objecting to PG&E’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toney said this all shows who the bankruptcy’s biggest winners will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bankruptcy is a windfall for Wall Street. It’s a windfall for banks,” he said, noting that PG&E’s first bankruptcy ended up costing around $700 million — and that this one stands to be much more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a PG&E spokeswoman said that the new financing would actually save ratepayers up to $200 million a year by allowing the company to refinance existing, higher interest rate debt with debt at lower interest rates — a change that would save ratepayers money.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hedge Funds Playing Both Sides\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But perhaps no one stands to make as much as the 10 hedge funds that are playing both sides of PG&E’s bankruptcy and wildfire liability crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those 10 companies have bought into the company as stockholders. At the same time, they’ve bought billions of dollars’ worth of insurance company claims against the utility arising from the 2017 and 2018 wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791533\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791533\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-800x517.jpg\" alt=\"Hedge Funds Play Both Sides of PG&E Bankruptcy\" width=\"800\" height=\"517\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-800x517.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-1020x659.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-1200x776.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelly Heigert/KQED\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here’s how that works: After a utility-caused wildfire, insurance companies pay customers for the damage they’ve suffered, then go after PG&E to recover the money they’ve paid out . But since the process can be long and drawn out — especially during a bankruptcy proceeding — the insurers are willing to sell their claims at a loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re an insurance company, you’re in the business of mitigating losses and minimizing risks,” said Ellias. “So when this company ran into financial trouble and then filed for bankruptcy, you had the option of selling your claim to hedge funds who would give you cash and then you could walk away from this situation … So you’re willing to part with your claims at a discount because you didn’t want to spend the next year taking on the risk of a bankruptcy filing and dealing with PG&E.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Wall Street Journal, Boston-based hedge fund Baupost Group has purchased at least $6 billion of its $7.4 billion in subrogation claims \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/klarmans-baupost-poised-to-cash-in-on-pg-e-insurance-bet-11568387840?mod=article_inline\">for around 30 to 35 cents on the dollar\u003c/a> — meaning it could make hundreds of millions of dollars under \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11774069/pge-insurance-companies-strike-11-billion-deal-to-settle-wildfire-claims\">an $11 billion insurance settlement\u003c/a> proposed as part of the bankruptcy case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baupost also owns 24.5 million shares of PG&E stock, giving it an ownership stake in the company of about 4.6%. The shares have fluctuated wildly this year, but Baupost’s payout from the insurance settlement would more than make up for any losses the company has suffered on its stock holdings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics often refer to firms that trade in these types of distressed assets as “investment vultures.” Many of the shares were bought at bargain basement prices around the time PG&E filed for bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11788316 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS33848_couple_GettyImages-1060720780-1020x655.jpg']The fact that hedge funds stand to profit in this situation doesn’t sit right with Amy Bach, executive director of United Policyholders, which advocates for insurance consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t seem right that investors should be able to profit from a dynamic that they didn’t have any role in in the first place,” she said, noting that the original insurance companies, not hedge funds, took the risk to insure the consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bach said the complicated nature of these investments raises another concern: Whether the entry of more parties, like the hedge funds, into the bankruptcy proceedings has made the case more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just taking way longer than it should have because of the complexity of all these parties being involved, because there are so many hands that want to get into the pot,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indiana University associate law professor Pamela Foohey said it’s not necessarily a bad thing that hedge funds are essentially on multiple sides of the negotiating table at once — they may have more of an interest in shaping an outcome to the bankruptcy that benefits all parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In large bankruptcies, there are repeat players simply because the entire financial industry in this country and most of the world is so compressed,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Stocks: For Investors, Volatility Means Opportunity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of course, while all this maneuvering is happening in bankruptcy court, PG&E remains a publicly traded company — giving aggressive investors opportunities to make money on its fluctuating stock prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of hedge funds look for volatility when they’re trading, they’re looking for assets that are moving around so they can buy them and sell them and buy them and sell them and make other bets on the price of the stock,” Ellias said. “So a boring public utility with stock is just kind of stable. That’s not that interesting necessarily to a hedge fund that’s trying to make a lot of money. They need volatility so they can trade. And this company has certainly supplied plenty of volatility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E shares have ping-ponged wildly over the past several years, from a high of $70 a share before the 2017 fires down to around $6 a share when the company filed for bankruptcy. In October, amid uncertainty in the bankruptcy case and news that PG&E lines had sparked another fire, shares plunged again to around $3.80 a share — but now sit around $10 a share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those low numbers may sound bad — but volatility means opportunity. For example, in April the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/three-hedge-funds-win-big-in-pg-es-complex-restructuring-11555438398\">Wall Street Journal reported\u003c/a> that three hedge funds had bought about 10 percent of PG&E’s stock when it was at a record low, right after bankruptcy; if they had sold back then, they would have made around $700 million. Two of those — Abrams Capital Management and Redwood Capital Management LLC — also own those subrogation claims against the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foohey said the interest in PG&E’s stock could also be seen as a good thing for ratepayers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that there is an active trading market in the stock suggests that someone out there thinks the stock is worth something, which means they think the company … has the ability to be restructured,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any strength in the stock and share price stands to benefit wildfire victims, too — part of the $13.5 billion settlement reached in early December calls for survivors to receive 20 percent of the company’s shares as part of the broader payout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was also stellar news for current shareholders, Ellias said, who have been fighting with bondholders in court over who will control the company once it exits Chapter 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the current shareholders of the company who are really just fighting to stay in control and to still keep some part of their ownership share of this company after bankruptcy, this is a huge win,” Ellias said. “Huge win. I mean, the shares have been really trading up on this news. This is exciting news for the shareholders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those shareholders: Abrams and Baupost, the companies that are also making money off the insurance settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was updated on Dec. 18 to reflect statements provided by PG&E.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Wall Street Could Make $1 Billion Off PG&E's Bankruptcy – and Ratepayers Are on the Hook | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>PG&E’s bankruptcy is making some people very rich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the utility filed for Chapter 11 protection in January, lawyers and consultants have made a staggering $217 million. Big banks have netted $114 million in financing fees — and that number could top $1 billion by the time the company exits bankruptcy next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are reaping the bankruptcy windfall, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A handful of hedge funds stand to make billions because they own nearly one-fifth of PG&E’s stock and bought up more than half of the wildfire insurance claims against the company — meaning they are basically on both sides of the negotiating table in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And stock prices are fluctuating wildly based on the latest twists and turns in the bankruptcy case, providing speculators the opportunity to make huge short-term returns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘[Bankruptcy is a] strategy of Wall Street to extract the maximum amount of cash from California ratepayers.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bankruptcy is big business for Wall Street, and PG&E’s Chapter 11 case is no different — except in this situation, utility ratepayers are the ones who will likely be picking up the bulk of the tab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“PG&E’s sole source of revenue, the only way they earn money, is from ratepayer bills,” said Mark Toney, president of the ratepayer advocacy group TURN. “PG&E filed for bankruptcy voluntarily … PG&E didn’t have to go into bankruptcy. They did it for their financial advantage and to try to stick their shareholder costs to the ratepayers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bankruptcy, he charged, is a “strategy of Wall Street to extract the maximum amount of cash from California ratepayers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E disputes that characterization, noting through a spokeswoman that a state law passed earlier this year requires the utility’s exit plan from bankruptcy to be “neutral, to ratepayers, on average” and that shareholders will pay for the costs of the Chapter 11 case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Gov. Gavin Newsom has raised concerns as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Friday, in a letter to PG&E executives, Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791271/gov-gavin-newsom-rejects-13-5-billion-pge-settlement\">rejected the utility’s current proposal\u003c/a> for exiting bankruptcy, saying it doesn’t do enough to ensure that the company will emerge stronger and better able to provide safe, reliable power. He wrote that PG&E’s proposal depends too much on borrowing money, and he wants more accountability — including a plan for essentially handing control of the company over to the state or another third party if it fails to meet the state’s requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Jared Ellias of UC Hastings College of the Law, an expert in bankruptcy law who has been following PG&E’s case closely, agreed that customers are the ones who will foot most of the bill for this bankruptcy — and that PG&E’s current plan for the future wouldn’t transform the utility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a ratepayer, it can be strange to watch all of these investors making money off PG&E while feeling kind of helpless, because chances are our rates are going to go up in the years to come,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This company isn’t leaving bankruptcy with a solution to its business problems,” Ellias added. “So I think as a ratepayer, it’s really easy to be cynical” about how the process benefits investors, banks, lawyers and other consultants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing billions of dollars in legal claims from wildfire victims and demands from the governor, state officials and a federal court to dramatically improve its safety performance, there’s no doubt that PG&E would have had to spend at least some of the money it’s now shelling out in bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But there are major costs that the company wouldn’t be incurring if it hadn’t filed for bankruptcy, according to court filings and regulatory records reviewed by KQED News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellias said there’s an entire industry dedicated to helping shepherd big companies through bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a large number of professionals who are highly skilled, who specialize in helping companies like PG&E and their creditors deal with their problems. They are very, very skilled professionals … but they’re also incredibly expensive. And so when a company runs into financial trouble, they tend to have to spend a lot of money on lawyers and consultants and investment bankers to try to get a handle on what’s going on,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are doubts over whether the company will in fact emerge from the bankruptcy proceedings stronger, with less debt and better able to serve the 16 million residents who depend on it for power — even though the purpose of Chapter 11 is for a reorganized company to exit the process more financially stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally when a company leaves bankruptcy, they’ve convinced the judge that whatever their business problems were prior to entering into bankruptcy, they’ve solved those problems,” Ellias said. “They’ve chosen to use the bankruptcy process to try to manage the fire victims’ claims, … and to try to settle those claims. And that’s the main thing they’re going to accomplish in bankruptcy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But the new PG&E won’t have solved its most pressing challenge: How to stop causing devastating wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not leaving bankruptcy with a lot of ammunition in the tank to deal with the problems that are going to come to them in the years ahead,” Ellias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they leave, they’re not going to be all that different than the PG&E that filed for Chapter 11 in January.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Business of Bankruptcy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are many ways in which investors, lawyers and consultants are making money off PG&E’s bankruptcy. Some are straightforward, such as the money being paid out to attorneys, investment advisers and accounting firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are more nebulous and difficult to quantify — like the profits still being made from stock trades and the enormous sums that hedge funds stand to earn by essentially playing both sides of the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some are largely unknown, such as the fees being paid to banks that have agreed to finance future loans to the company, the terms of which are generally kept secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what KQED found after reviewing court filings and other records.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fees and Expenses: ‘Among the Most Expensive Bankruptcy Cases Ever’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The biggest ticket items so far are the fees and expenses charged to PG&E by lawyers, accountants, investment bankers and other consultants: According to a KQED review of court records, that bill totals at least $217,771,932.16 so far. That number encompasses all the fees and expenses filed with the bankruptcy court to date, generally covering the period from January through September, with some including October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s a bill that will only climb. U.S. Trustee Andrew Vara, the government watchdog overseeing PG&E’s case, wrote in a recent court filing that the professional fees in this case “are likely to rank eventually among the most expensive bankruptcy cases ever filed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791531\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791531\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Cost-of-PGE-Bankruptcy-Info.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelly Heigert/KQED\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under bankruptcy law, the company filing for Chapter 11 must pay for not only their own attorneys and consultants, but also for those representing the groups to whom the company owes money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that in addition to their own lawyers, PG&E has been billed more than $26 million in attorney fees and expenses between January and October by the group representing wildfire victims; $21.5 million by financial advisers working for PG&E’s secured creditors; and nearly $18 million by the law firm charged with representing unsecured creditors — groups that PG&E owes money to that don’t have collateral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody who is considered a creditor, someone that PG&E owes money to, gets a seat at the table and they get their lawyer fees, all of the expert fees reimbursed,” said Toney, the ratepayer advocate. “So we’re talking about the hedge funds are getting reimbursed. We’re talking about the wildfire claimants, the insurance companies. … The only party not being represented is ratepayers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>All the Company’s Lawyers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The seven law firms assisting PG&E in the bankruptcy have billed the company more than $125 million this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By far the biggest of those bills comes from Cravath, Swaine & Moore, PG&E’s lead attorneys for wildfire-related tort issues. The firm has billed more than $71 million in fees and expenses since the bankruptcy case was filed, including more than $13 million in September alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another firm, Munger, Tolles & Olson, represents PG&E before regulators and on wildfire liability issues. For the first 10 months of this year, the firm has billed nearly $20 million in legal fees and more than $250,000 in expenses. That includes $3.97 million in fees and expenses in October alone. Lawyers at the firm charge between $400 and $1,400 an hour; and expenses include $19,230.59 in hotel charges in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Weil, Gotshal & Manges, PG&E’s main bankruptcy attorneys, billed more than $23 million in fees and expenses through September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Vara, the federal trustee overseeing the case, has questioned whether all the expenses are justified. In a September filing, he wrote he had found “$4 million in improper, excessive, or otherwise objectionable fees and expenses” and said the first round of fee applications “reflect numerous instances of questionable billing judgment and overstaffing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He cited internal meetings and conference calls involving 22 attorneys from the same firm; “numerous instances of large numbers of attorneys billing” for the same hearing; “implausibly high numbers of billable hours” by one lawyer in a single day — including one case in which a person billed for 24 hours in one day; and meals and transportation expenses charged to PG&E even when no case was done for the utility that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bankruptcy judge eventually approved all the charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, PG&E told KQED News that the company has “retained expert advisors to help guide us through the complex Chapter 11 process – and help shape the business for the future – so that the company can remain focused on serving customers, enhancing our wildfire safety efforts, and working together with our stakeholders to create a more sustainable foundation for the delivery of safe, reliable and affordable service in the years ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Financing Fees: Paying a Premium for Bankruptcy Loans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The other direct way PG&E is paying Wall Street is through borrowing money. The interest and fees associated with those loans could top $1 billion, even if the company doesn’t actually tap all the cash it’s qualified to borrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a company like PG&E files for bankruptcy, it must secure financing to carry it through the court proceedings. Those loans leapfrog to the head of the line, meaning they are guaranteed to be paid back ahead of other debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, the company must set up exit financing to help ensure a smooth transition out of bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, PG&E secured $5.5 billion in financing at the beginning of the bankruptcy from 10 large institutions: J.P. Morgan Securities, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Barclays Bank, Citibank, BNP Paribas Securities, Credit Suisse Loan Funding, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, MUFG Union Bank and Wells Fargo Securities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, according to SEC filings, those loans have netted the banks $114 million in financing fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellias says studies have shown bankruptcy financing carries higher costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In some ways it’s kind of like a penalty, where you did a poor job managing your business and now you can get this loan that is more expensive than what you should have had to pay,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786435\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786435\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Image-from-iOS-1020x680-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"PG&E CEO Bill Johnson addressed the utility's widespread power shutoffs at an emergency meeting of the California Public Utilities Commission on Oct. 18, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Image-from-iOS-1020x680-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Image-from-iOS-1020x680-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Image-from-iOS-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E CEO Bill Johnson addressed the utility’s widespread power shutoffs at an emergency meeting of the California Public Utilities Commission on Oct. 18, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Less clear still is how much PG&E will pay for its next round of financing, though one estimate pegs the number at $1 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an Oct. 23 court filing, PG&E wrote that it plans to use $14 billion in equity commitment and has lined up $34 billion in bridge loans if it needs to draw on them for its exit financing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company wrote in the filing that it does not currently anticipate having to draw on those bridge loans. But attorneys for wildfire victims pointed out in a court filing that even if the company doesn’t need the loans, it will still have to pay steep financing fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fees for this unnecessary financing could exceed $1 billion,” lawyer David J. Richardson, of the Baker & Hostetler firm, wrote in objecting to PG&E’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toney said this all shows who the bankruptcy’s biggest winners will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bankruptcy is a windfall for Wall Street. It’s a windfall for banks,” he said, noting that PG&E’s first bankruptcy ended up costing around $700 million — and that this one stands to be much more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a PG&E spokeswoman said that the new financing would actually save ratepayers up to $200 million a year by allowing the company to refinance existing, higher interest rate debt with debt at lower interest rates — a change that would save ratepayers money.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hedge Funds Playing Both Sides\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But perhaps no one stands to make as much as the 10 hedge funds that are playing both sides of PG&E’s bankruptcy and wildfire liability crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those 10 companies have bought into the company as stockholders. At the same time, they’ve bought billions of dollars’ worth of insurance company claims against the utility arising from the 2017 and 2018 wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791533\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791533\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-800x517.jpg\" alt=\"Hedge Funds Play Both Sides of PG&E Bankruptcy\" width=\"800\" height=\"517\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-800x517.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-1020x659.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides-1200x776.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Hedge-Funds-On-Both-Sides.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelly Heigert/KQED\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here’s how that works: After a utility-caused wildfire, insurance companies pay customers for the damage they’ve suffered, then go after PG&E to recover the money they’ve paid out . But since the process can be long and drawn out — especially during a bankruptcy proceeding — the insurers are willing to sell their claims at a loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re an insurance company, you’re in the business of mitigating losses and minimizing risks,” said Ellias. “So when this company ran into financial trouble and then filed for bankruptcy, you had the option of selling your claim to hedge funds who would give you cash and then you could walk away from this situation … So you’re willing to part with your claims at a discount because you didn’t want to spend the next year taking on the risk of a bankruptcy filing and dealing with PG&E.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Wall Street Journal, Boston-based hedge fund Baupost Group has purchased at least $6 billion of its $7.4 billion in subrogation claims \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/klarmans-baupost-poised-to-cash-in-on-pg-e-insurance-bet-11568387840?mod=article_inline\">for around 30 to 35 cents on the dollar\u003c/a> — meaning it could make hundreds of millions of dollars under \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11774069/pge-insurance-companies-strike-11-billion-deal-to-settle-wildfire-claims\">an $11 billion insurance settlement\u003c/a> proposed as part of the bankruptcy case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baupost also owns 24.5 million shares of PG&E stock, giving it an ownership stake in the company of about 4.6%. The shares have fluctuated wildly this year, but Baupost’s payout from the insurance settlement would more than make up for any losses the company has suffered on its stock holdings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics often refer to firms that trade in these types of distressed assets as “investment vultures.” Many of the shares were bought at bargain basement prices around the time PG&E filed for bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The fact that hedge funds stand to profit in this situation doesn’t sit right with Amy Bach, executive director of United Policyholders, which advocates for insurance consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t seem right that investors should be able to profit from a dynamic that they didn’t have any role in in the first place,” she said, noting that the original insurance companies, not hedge funds, took the risk to insure the consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bach said the complicated nature of these investments raises another concern: Whether the entry of more parties, like the hedge funds, into the bankruptcy proceedings has made the case more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just taking way longer than it should have because of the complexity of all these parties being involved, because there are so many hands that want to get into the pot,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indiana University associate law professor Pamela Foohey said it’s not necessarily a bad thing that hedge funds are essentially on multiple sides of the negotiating table at once — they may have more of an interest in shaping an outcome to the bankruptcy that benefits all parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In large bankruptcies, there are repeat players simply because the entire financial industry in this country and most of the world is so compressed,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Stocks: For Investors, Volatility Means Opportunity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of course, while all this maneuvering is happening in bankruptcy court, PG&E remains a publicly traded company — giving aggressive investors opportunities to make money on its fluctuating stock prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of hedge funds look for volatility when they’re trading, they’re looking for assets that are moving around so they can buy them and sell them and buy them and sell them and make other bets on the price of the stock,” Ellias said. “So a boring public utility with stock is just kind of stable. That’s not that interesting necessarily to a hedge fund that’s trying to make a lot of money. They need volatility so they can trade. And this company has certainly supplied plenty of volatility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E shares have ping-ponged wildly over the past several years, from a high of $70 a share before the 2017 fires down to around $6 a share when the company filed for bankruptcy. In October, amid uncertainty in the bankruptcy case and news that PG&E lines had sparked another fire, shares plunged again to around $3.80 a share — but now sit around $10 a share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those low numbers may sound bad — but volatility means opportunity. For example, in April the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/three-hedge-funds-win-big-in-pg-es-complex-restructuring-11555438398\">Wall Street Journal reported\u003c/a> that three hedge funds had bought about 10 percent of PG&E’s stock when it was at a record low, right after bankruptcy; if they had sold back then, they would have made around $700 million. Two of those — Abrams Capital Management and Redwood Capital Management LLC — also own those subrogation claims against the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foohey said the interest in PG&E’s stock could also be seen as a good thing for ratepayers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that there is an active trading market in the stock suggests that someone out there thinks the stock is worth something, which means they think the company … has the ability to be restructured,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any strength in the stock and share price stands to benefit wildfire victims, too — part of the $13.5 billion settlement reached in early December calls for survivors to receive 20 percent of the company’s shares as part of the broader payout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was also stellar news for current shareholders, Ellias said, who have been fighting with bondholders in court over who will control the company once it exits Chapter 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the current shareholders of the company who are really just fighting to stay in control and to still keep some part of their ownership share of this company after bankruptcy, this is a huge win,” Ellias said. “Huge win. I mean, the shares have been really trading up on this news. This is exciting news for the shareholders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those shareholders: Abrams and Baupost, the companies that are also making money off the insurance settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was updated on Dec. 18 to reflect statements provided by PG&E.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains \u003ca href=\"#correction\">a correction\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency that enforces air quality laws in the Bay Area has reached a $3.75 million settlement with a former employee who claimed he was fired for raising concerns that the agency deleted, threw away and shredded thousands of public records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement concludes a case in which Michael Bachmann, a former manager in the Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s information services department, and a colleague sued the agency for allegedly retaliating against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bachmann and the other employee, Sarah Steele, filed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Bay-Area-Pollution.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit\u003c/a> in Contra Costa County Superior Court against the BAAQMD in 2017. The agency settled with Steele for $250,000 earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They accused the agency of \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbayexpress.com/oakland/clearing-out-the-file-cabinets-but-not-necessarily-the-air/Content?oid=27301158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">taking action against them\u003c/a> after they complained that air quality violation notices and other district communications were deleted from an online database and that reports about flaring at the region’s oil refineries were put in a dumpster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that $4 million speaks loudly,” said their lawyer, J. Gary Gwilliam, in an interview Monday. “They’re heroes. They stood up. Their careers were ruined.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district board of directors approved the settlement on Oct. 2, according to agency spokeswoman Kristine Roselius.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The air district has denied, and continues to deny, all allegations of wrongdoing,” Roselius said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The board made this decision in the best interests of the communities we serve and to uphold our fiduciary responsibility. We made the decision to settle the complaint rather than consume the air district’s resources on an issue that would have distracted us from our mission to protect the Bay Area’s residents and its climate,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former employees’ lawsuit said that while the district claimed Bachmann was fired for violating the agency’s vehicle use policy, insubordination and dishonesty on his employment application, the real reason he lost his job was retaliation over his complaints involving the public records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bachmann and Steele said the district violated public records and labor laws and demanded compensation for lost wages and benefits, emotional distress and attorneys’ fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public records allegations arose as the air district prepared to move from its previous offices on Ellis Street in San Francisco to the Bay Area Metro Center on Beale Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bachmann was tasked with collecting, storing and creating an inventory for the agency’s public documents. In 2015 he hired Steele to help remove files from the agency’s old office, digitize and store them at a storage site in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit says that in August 2015, Bachmann learned from an agency employee that documents tied to a lawsuit involving a now-closed Berkeley factory were being destroyed, even though they were subject to a court subpoena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit adds that in November 2015, Bachmann told a top district official that agency staff were throwing away notices of violations, flare reports and documents tied to ongoing litigation. The suit claims the district’s chief legal counsel told Bachmann that the agency did not need to document what it was destroying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2015, the suit recounted, Bachmann and Steele discovered that several thousand enforcement records, which included documents about air quality violations and district communication, were deleted from an online database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit claims both employees were subject to a “bogus investigation” after raising concerns the records were being improperly destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steele claimed that in January 2016, flare reports for the Chevron, Tesoro (now called Marathon) and Shell refineries were being discarded in a dumpster. She said after telling district staff she needed to collect and inventory the documents, a top official at the agency blocked her from doing so and complained about her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weeks later Bachmann was put on administrative leave for violating the district’s vehicle use policy, the suit said. Steele was fired, she was told, because her project was over. The lawsuit claims her job was given to another worker who went on to destroy more agency records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gwilliam says the settlement changes Bachmann’s employment status from “terminated” to “retired.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He likened Bachmann and Steele to the whistleblower who raised concerns about \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Unclassified09.2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the July 25 phone call\u003c/a> between President Trump and the president of Ukraine that led to the current \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791414/house-slated-to-impeach-trump-this-week-how-it-will-work-and-what-comes-next\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">articles of impeachment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whistleblowers like Michael and Sarah need to be honored and appreciated,” he said. “These are the kinds of people we need to keep organizations, public and nonpublic, honest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca id=\"correction\">\u003c/a> \u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> Based on statements from Michael Bachmann’s attorney, this story originally reported that Bachmann’s settlement with the Bay Area Air Quality Management District changed his employment status with the agency from “terminated” to “retired” so that he could receive retirement benefits. The attorney’s firm now says that the change in status will not qualify Bachmann for retirement benefits. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains \u003ca href=\"#correction\">a correction\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency that enforces air quality laws in the Bay Area has reached a $3.75 million settlement with a former employee who claimed he was fired for raising concerns that the agency deleted, threw away and shredded thousands of public records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement concludes a case in which Michael Bachmann, a former manager in the Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s information services department, and a colleague sued the agency for allegedly retaliating against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bachmann and the other employee, Sarah Steele, filed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Bay-Area-Pollution.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit\u003c/a> in Contra Costa County Superior Court against the BAAQMD in 2017. The agency settled with Steele for $250,000 earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They accused the agency of \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbayexpress.com/oakland/clearing-out-the-file-cabinets-but-not-necessarily-the-air/Content?oid=27301158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">taking action against them\u003c/a> after they complained that air quality violation notices and other district communications were deleted from an online database and that reports about flaring at the region’s oil refineries were put in a dumpster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that $4 million speaks loudly,” said their lawyer, J. Gary Gwilliam, in an interview Monday. “They’re heroes. They stood up. Their careers were ruined.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district board of directors approved the settlement on Oct. 2, according to agency spokeswoman Kristine Roselius.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The air district has denied, and continues to deny, all allegations of wrongdoing,” Roselius said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The board made this decision in the best interests of the communities we serve and to uphold our fiduciary responsibility. We made the decision to settle the complaint rather than consume the air district’s resources on an issue that would have distracted us from our mission to protect the Bay Area’s residents and its climate,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former employees’ lawsuit said that while the district claimed Bachmann was fired for violating the agency’s vehicle use policy, insubordination and dishonesty on his employment application, the real reason he lost his job was retaliation over his complaints involving the public records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bachmann and Steele said the district violated public records and labor laws and demanded compensation for lost wages and benefits, emotional distress and attorneys’ fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public records allegations arose as the air district prepared to move from its previous offices on Ellis Street in San Francisco to the Bay Area Metro Center on Beale Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bachmann was tasked with collecting, storing and creating an inventory for the agency’s public documents. In 2015 he hired Steele to help remove files from the agency’s old office, digitize and store them at a storage site in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit says that in August 2015, Bachmann learned from an agency employee that documents tied to a lawsuit involving a now-closed Berkeley factory were being destroyed, even though they were subject to a court subpoena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit adds that in November 2015, Bachmann told a top district official that agency staff were throwing away notices of violations, flare reports and documents tied to ongoing litigation. The suit claims the district’s chief legal counsel told Bachmann that the agency did not need to document what it was destroying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2015, the suit recounted, Bachmann and Steele discovered that several thousand enforcement records, which included documents about air quality violations and district communication, were deleted from an online database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit claims both employees were subject to a “bogus investigation” after raising concerns the records were being improperly destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steele claimed that in January 2016, flare reports for the Chevron, Tesoro (now called Marathon) and Shell refineries were being discarded in a dumpster. She said after telling district staff she needed to collect and inventory the documents, a top official at the agency blocked her from doing so and complained about her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weeks later Bachmann was put on administrative leave for violating the district’s vehicle use policy, the suit said. Steele was fired, she was told, because her project was over. The lawsuit claims her job was given to another worker who went on to destroy more agency records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gwilliam says the settlement changes Bachmann’s employment status from “terminated” to “retired.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He likened Bachmann and Steele to the whistleblower who raised concerns about \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Unclassified09.2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the July 25 phone call\u003c/a> between President Trump and the president of Ukraine that led to the current \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791414/house-slated-to-impeach-trump-this-week-how-it-will-work-and-what-comes-next\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">articles of impeachment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whistleblowers like Michael and Sarah need to be honored and appreciated,” he said. “These are the kinds of people we need to keep organizations, public and nonpublic, honest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca id=\"correction\">\u003c/a> \u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> Based on statements from Michael Bachmann’s attorney, this story originally reported that Bachmann’s settlement with the Bay Area Air Quality Management District changed his employment status with the agency from “terminated” to “retired” so that he could receive retirement benefits. The attorney’s firm now says that the change in status will not qualify Bachmann for retirement benefits. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Louisiana Sues California Over Alligator Ban",
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"content": "\u003cp>Louisiana is suing the state of California over its decision to ban the import and sale of alligator products, saying the ban will hurt an important Louisiana industry and ultimately could hurt the state’s wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.agjefflandry.com/Files/Article/9728/Documents/1.1-Complaint.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">lawsuit \u003c/a>filed Thursday, Louisiana said the economy surrounding alligators has played a key role in bringing back the American alligator population and is an important factor in protecting wetlands and other species besides alligators that depend on the wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has nevertheless attempted to destroy the market for American alligator products notwithstanding the fact that no such alligators live in California,” the lawsuit says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nola.com/news/environment/article_9d26173e-1c3e-11ea-98c7-e3d0033c9467.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Times-Picayune/the New Orleans Advocate\u003c/a>, California banned alligator skins and meats in the 1970s but repeatedly issued exceptions that allowed sales. The newspaper reports that the most recent exemption expires on Jan. 1 of next year, and this time California’s legislature did not pass another exemption. The newspaper reports the alligator ban was backed by a coalition of animal rights and environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Louisiana said in its lawsuit that because most of the state’s coastal habitat is privately owned, the state does not have direct control over how it is managed. But the alligator industry provides economic incentives for landowners to take steps to protect marshlands that serve as habitat for the alligators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state argues that if California’s ban goes into effect, “landowners will be forced to greatly reduce or cease their erosion control efforts because they will be unable to economically sustain those efforts, resulting in irreparable harm to their property as well as harm to Louisiana’s sovereign environmental interests in wetland preservation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the lawsuit, California’s large economy often means that their product standards become de facto national standards so California’s alligator ban will have effects in other states. Louisiana says the upcoming ban is already having effects up and down the supply chain with the price of alligator hides decreasing, and alligator farmers reducing their investments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/general-alligator-information\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Louisiana Wildlife & Fisheries\u003c/a>, over 300,000 alligators are harvested every year from both farm and wild sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Louisiana is suing the state of California over its decision to ban the import and sale of alligator products, saying the ban will hurt an important Louisiana industry and ultimately could hurt the state’s wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.agjefflandry.com/Files/Article/9728/Documents/1.1-Complaint.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">lawsuit \u003c/a>filed Thursday, Louisiana said the economy surrounding alligators has played a key role in bringing back the American alligator population and is an important factor in protecting wetlands and other species besides alligators that depend on the wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has nevertheless attempted to destroy the market for American alligator products notwithstanding the fact that no such alligators live in California,” the lawsuit says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nola.com/news/environment/article_9d26173e-1c3e-11ea-98c7-e3d0033c9467.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The Times-Picayune/the New Orleans Advocate\u003c/a>, California banned alligator skins and meats in the 1970s but repeatedly issued exceptions that allowed sales. The newspaper reports that the most recent exemption expires on Jan. 1 of next year, and this time California’s legislature did not pass another exemption. The newspaper reports the alligator ban was backed by a coalition of animal rights and environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Louisiana said in its lawsuit that because most of the state’s coastal habitat is privately owned, the state does not have direct control over how it is managed. But the alligator industry provides economic incentives for landowners to take steps to protect marshlands that serve as habitat for the alligators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state argues that if California’s ban goes into effect, “landowners will be forced to greatly reduce or cease their erosion control efforts because they will be unable to economically sustain those efforts, resulting in irreparable harm to their property as well as harm to Louisiana’s sovereign environmental interests in wetland preservation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the lawsuit, California’s large economy often means that their product standards become de facto national standards so California’s alligator ban will have effects in other states. Louisiana says the upcoming ban is already having effects up and down the supply chain with the price of alligator hides decreasing, and alligator farmers reducing their investments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/general-alligator-information\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Louisiana Wildlife & Fisheries\u003c/a>, over 300,000 alligators are harvested every year from both farm and wild sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As the sun rose over the Port of Oakland, a group of about ten people donning jackets and hats peered through their binoculars. They are near Port View Park, scanning the sky for birds, like the Dark-eyed Junco or the Fox Sparrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is part of a larger set of about 250 Oakland bird watchers who participated in the 79th annual Christmas Bird Count on Sunday. It's one of 2,615 bird counts around organized by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.audubon.org/conservation/science/christmas-bird-count\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Audubon Society\u003c/a> that helps provide data on whether bird populations are growing or declining and reveal overall trends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're out in nature, you're volunteering for a task that has a purpose, and you are seeing a lot of birds,\" said Judith Dunham, leader of the Port View Park group. \"And it's really wonderful to spend the day contributing to citizen [led] science.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Oakland area, there have been long-term declines of certain bird populations. Dark-eyed Juncos have decreased by 35 percent, Fox Sparrows, 42 percent and Brewer’s Blackbirds, 65 percent. Tricolored Blackbirds have not been spotted at all in the past few years. There are also birds that have thrived, like the American crow and wild turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery size=\"medium\" columns=\"2\" ids=\"11791324,11791325,11791326,11791327\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dave Quady of Berkeley woke up at 3 a.m. to lead a group to Claremont Canyon in Oakland to listen for owls. He said they heard five Great horned owls and one Western screech owl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland's count, which covers a 15-mile area including Berkeley, Alameda, Emeryville, Orinda and Lafayette, is one of the most popular in the Western Hemisphere, according to Ilana DeBare of the Golden Gate Audubon Society. She said that it will take a few weeks for the Oakland group to make a final count of the birds they saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='climate-change' label='Climate Change']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Christmas Bird Count began as a \"more humane replacement\" for the traditional Christmas hunt, according to DeBare. About 80,000 people will participate in the United States, Canada and parts of Latin America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6461/120\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study \u003c/a>by the journal Science in October that used data from the Audubon's annual count showed a decline of three billion birds in North America's population since 1970, primarily as a result of human activity from agriculture and habitat loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Sara Hossaini contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the sun rose over the Port of Oakland, a group of about ten people donning jackets and hats peered through their binoculars. They are near Port View Park, scanning the sky for birds, like the Dark-eyed Junco or the Fox Sparrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is part of a larger set of about 250 Oakland bird watchers who participated in the 79th annual Christmas Bird Count on Sunday. It's one of 2,615 bird counts around organized by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.audubon.org/conservation/science/christmas-bird-count\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Audubon Society\u003c/a> that helps provide data on whether bird populations are growing or declining and reveal overall trends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're out in nature, you're volunteering for a task that has a purpose, and you are seeing a lot of birds,\" said Judith Dunham, leader of the Port View Park group. \"And it's really wonderful to spend the day contributing to citizen [led] science.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Oakland area, there have been long-term declines of certain bird populations. Dark-eyed Juncos have decreased by 35 percent, Fox Sparrows, 42 percent and Brewer’s Blackbirds, 65 percent. Tricolored Blackbirds have not been spotted at all in the past few years. There are also birds that have thrived, like the American crow and wild turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Recent heavy storms in California have wiped out much of the state’s abnormally dry conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two months ago, the U.S. Drought Monitor categorized more 81% of the state as abnormally dry because of above-normal temperatures and a lack of precipitation six weeks into the water year that started Oct. 1. The percentage climbed to 85% as recently as last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But heavy rains throughout the state have shrunk the percentage to a sliver along the Oregon-California border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was the 10th driest October since record-keeping began in 1895, said David Simeral, a research scientist at the Western Regional Climate Center in Reno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The category put most of the state one step above moderate drought level and indicates the soil is dry, snow pack is minimal and fire danger is high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a warning to say ‘Hey, things are dry here,’” Simeral said. “We had virtually no snow except at the highest elevations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='weather' label='More on Bay Area Weather']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Drought Monitor is a product of federal agencies and the National Drought Mitigation Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. It makes assessments but does not declare drought in affected areas; individual states and regions use the information from the monitor to declare drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California had seven years of drought that ended March 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Department of Water Resources reported earlier in December that Lake Oroville was at 54% of capacity and Shasta Lake was at 71% of capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karla Nemeth, the water agency’s director, said in a Dec. 2 statement that they are grateful for recent rains and the above-average reservoir storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the dry start in October and November reminds us that California’s weather is extremely variable and we must prepare for various conditions,” she said. “The wet weather can stop from one day to the next.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Despite years of urgent warnings, local governments are moving too slow to prevent the worst damage from sea-level rise caused by climate change, risking repercussions as severe as housing shortages or an injured state economy, according to a report released this week by the Legislative Analyst’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report suggests California would need to start building 100,000 more housing units annually in coastal cities to mitigate the problems caused by sea-level rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funding for public schools might be affected as well, as higher sea levels hurt property values and lower tax revenue. And it's not just beachside housing that will be impacted. Commercial property like Oakland’s airport could face severe flooding in the coming years. In years with what’s called a 10-year storm surge, the airport would be useless. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1939059 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/Sea-Level-Rise-California-Study.jpg']The report maps out solutions for California’s Legislature. Key among them is money for local governments, but the analyst’s office also recommends teamwork. Sea-level rise will affect coastal communities across county lines, the report says, so it recommends regional planning and adaptation projects up and down the state’s coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to expand our efforts to start preparing for those inevitable impacts and even though it’s really an issue of statewide importance, most of the work needs to happen at the local level,\" said Rachel Ehlers, a principal fiscal and policy analyst at the analyst’s office and the lead author of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report relies on scientific findings that project sea-level rise reaching half a foot in 2030 and about seven feet by 2100, although other state-commissioned projections place sea-level rise at closer to 10 feet in 2100. Ehlers acknowledged the rise could be worse than the report’s projection, but analysts chose to use the estimates reported in most studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Science tells us that some degree of impact from climate change is inevitable, including rising sea levels, and that has the potential to be really destructive in California, given all of our infrastructure and property and natural resources along the coast,\" Ehlers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those with boots on the ground, finding financial support to tackle a problem whose ugly side won’t show for years is a tough challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Action requires money. We spend a lot of our time applying for grants... and that may not be the most efficient way to go about planning,” said Jack Liebster, the planning manager for Marin County. “When it gets down to building some solutions, ‘who’s going to pay’ is the question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10771558\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides-800x531.jpg\" alt=\"A cyclist pedals on a flooded path adjacent to Marin County's Richardson Bay during a king tide in 2012.\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10771558\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides-960x638.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cyclist pedals on a flooded path adjacent to Marin County's Richardson Bay during a king tide in 2012. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Liebster said his department has relied heavily on grant funding to plan and act on sea-level rise. He considers Marin to be on the “bleeding edge” of the issue, and the county is planning solutions to forthcoming natural disasters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One such proposal includes building sand dunes near beaches in the county to fight the loss of sand and protect homes near the water. Liebster said they’re examining whether the solution is feasible. The county has also made progress on how it plans to inform citizens of rising sea levels. In March, it released “Game of Floods,” a board game designed to help people understand adaptation choices and show how vulnerable the county is to sea-level rise. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other local agencies have been monitoring sea levels as well. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Port of Oakland, which also owns Oakland International Airport, is planning ways to manage the predicted flooding. Next year, construction will begin on a dike that will protect the airport’s main commercial runway from sea-level rise up until 2030. The airport also has a drainage system in place that helps alleviate flooding now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not sitting around, waiting for something bad to happen and then try and do an after-the-fact solution,” said Marilyn Sandifur, a port spokesperson. “We’re proactive. We’ve been planning for years and coordinating with others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1924579 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/38628863865_434d8ddc2b_o-1180x787.jpg']For instance, Sandifur said, just last week the port’s officials met with colleagues from other California ports to discuss sea-level rise across the state. The conference also invited the Netherlands’ Port of Rotterdam to attend and share its solutions to flooding. The Port of Rotterdam uses levees and dikes to keep the port from flooding because much of the country is located below sea level, according to The New York Times. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization has also been working with the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission, whose mission is to protect the bay and its shoreline. The commission supports regional planning for sea-level rise, thanks to more than $3 million in state funding, and in 2012, it mapped vulnerable Bay Area populations and communities. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analyst’s office reported that of those communities, Oakland’s airport would be one of the most threatened areas. This type of regional collaboration is one of the many recommendations outlined in the report. The recommendations range from low-cost barriers that hold the ocean back from development, to expensive options like moving buildings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In places like Marin, though, some options aren’t feasible. The county is surrounded by protected agricultural lands and forests. Liebster, the county’s planning manager, said it would be “controversial” to move developed areas. “There are some difficult choices that will need to be addressed,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California would need to build 100,000 more housing units annually in coastal cities to mitigate problems caused by sea-level rise, the Legislative Analyst’s Office report says.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Despite years of urgent warnings, local governments are moving too slow to prevent the worst damage from sea-level rise caused by climate change, risking repercussions as severe as housing shortages or an injured state economy, according to a report released this week by the Legislative Analyst’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report suggests California would need to start building 100,000 more housing units annually in coastal cities to mitigate the problems caused by sea-level rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funding for public schools might be affected as well, as higher sea levels hurt property values and lower tax revenue. And it's not just beachside housing that will be impacted. Commercial property like Oakland’s airport could face severe flooding in the coming years. In years with what’s called a 10-year storm surge, the airport would be useless. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The report maps out solutions for California’s Legislature. Key among them is money for local governments, but the analyst’s office also recommends teamwork. Sea-level rise will affect coastal communities across county lines, the report says, so it recommends regional planning and adaptation projects up and down the state’s coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to expand our efforts to start preparing for those inevitable impacts and even though it’s really an issue of statewide importance, most of the work needs to happen at the local level,\" said Rachel Ehlers, a principal fiscal and policy analyst at the analyst’s office and the lead author of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report relies on scientific findings that project sea-level rise reaching half a foot in 2030 and about seven feet by 2100, although other state-commissioned projections place sea-level rise at closer to 10 feet in 2100. Ehlers acknowledged the rise could be worse than the report’s projection, but analysts chose to use the estimates reported in most studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Science tells us that some degree of impact from climate change is inevitable, including rising sea levels, and that has the potential to be really destructive in California, given all of our infrastructure and property and natural resources along the coast,\" Ehlers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those with boots on the ground, finding financial support to tackle a problem whose ugly side won’t show for years is a tough challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Action requires money. We spend a lot of our time applying for grants... and that may not be the most efficient way to go about planning,” said Jack Liebster, the planning manager for Marin County. “When it gets down to building some solutions, ‘who’s going to pay’ is the question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10771558\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides-800x531.jpg\" alt=\"A cyclist pedals on a flooded path adjacent to Marin County's Richardson Bay during a king tide in 2012.\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10771558\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides-960x638.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/11/tides.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cyclist pedals on a flooded path adjacent to Marin County's Richardson Bay during a king tide in 2012. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Liebster said his department has relied heavily on grant funding to plan and act on sea-level rise. He considers Marin to be on the “bleeding edge” of the issue, and the county is planning solutions to forthcoming natural disasters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One such proposal includes building sand dunes near beaches in the county to fight the loss of sand and protect homes near the water. Liebster said they’re examining whether the solution is feasible. The county has also made progress on how it plans to inform citizens of rising sea levels. In March, it released “Game of Floods,” a board game designed to help people understand adaptation choices and show how vulnerable the county is to sea-level rise. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other local agencies have been monitoring sea levels as well. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Port of Oakland, which also owns Oakland International Airport, is planning ways to manage the predicted flooding. Next year, construction will begin on a dike that will protect the airport’s main commercial runway from sea-level rise up until 2030. The airport also has a drainage system in place that helps alleviate flooding now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not sitting around, waiting for something bad to happen and then try and do an after-the-fact solution,” said Marilyn Sandifur, a port spokesperson. “We’re proactive. We’ve been planning for years and coordinating with others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For instance, Sandifur said, just last week the port’s officials met with colleagues from other California ports to discuss sea-level rise across the state. The conference also invited the Netherlands’ Port of Rotterdam to attend and share its solutions to flooding. The Port of Rotterdam uses levees and dikes to keep the port from flooding because much of the country is located below sea level, according to The New York Times. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization has also been working with the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission, whose mission is to protect the bay and its shoreline. The commission supports regional planning for sea-level rise, thanks to more than $3 million in state funding, and in 2012, it mapped vulnerable Bay Area populations and communities. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analyst’s office reported that of those communities, Oakland’s airport would be one of the most threatened areas. This type of regional collaboration is one of the many recommendations outlined in the report. The recommendations range from low-cost barriers that hold the ocean back from development, to expensive options like moving buildings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In places like Marin, though, some options aren’t feasible. The county is surrounded by protected agricultural lands and forests. Liebster, the county’s planning manager, said it would be “controversial” to move developed areas. “There are some difficult choices that will need to be addressed,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sixteen-year-old climate activist Greta Thunberg \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioregreta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">was named Time’s “Person of the Year”\u003c/a> and is the youngest person to ever receive the honor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They may want to rename the award “Kid of the Year Because Grown-ups Are Useless” to further acknowledge Thunberg’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.climatechangenews.com/2019/09/23/dare-greta-thunbergs-tearful-speech-leaders-un-video/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">eloquent rage\u003c/a> about the climate inaction of world leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not looking good for collective action to stop climate calamity, but at least the world has an incredibly passionate 16-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s hoping millions of other kids will follow in her footsteps and help shake today’s grown-ups into action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sixteen-year-old climate activist Greta Thunberg \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioregreta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">was named Time’s “Person of the Year”\u003c/a> and is the youngest person to ever receive the honor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They may want to rename the award “Kid of the Year Because Grown-ups Are Useless” to further acknowledge Thunberg’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.climatechangenews.com/2019/09/23/dare-greta-thunbergs-tearful-speech-leaders-un-video/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">eloquent rage\u003c/a> about the climate inaction of world leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not looking good for collective action to stop climate calamity, but at least the world has an incredibly passionate 16-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s hoping millions of other kids will follow in her footsteps and help shake today’s grown-ups into action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "PG&E Could Avoid Jury Trial if $13.5 Billion Settlement Gets OK From Governor, Judge",
"title": "PG&E Could Avoid Jury Trial if $13.5 Billion Settlement Gets OK From Governor, Judge",
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"content": "\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric will be able to avoid two major legal obstacles — ones that could have tripped up its efforts to bounce back from bankruptcy — if its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790175/pge-announces-13-5-billion-deal-to-resolve-wildfire-claims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$13.5 billion settlement\u003c/a> offer to victims of catastrophic fires is approved by California's governor and a federal judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E provided more details about the deal in a Monday regulatory filing, revealing that the settlement will allow the utility to skip a January civil trial intended to determine whether it was liable for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11674663/with-pge-implicated-in-wildfire-catastrophe-a-fight-over-its-future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2017 Tubbs fire\u003c/a> in Northern California's wine country that killed 22 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal would also scrap plans for a federal court hearing that was supposed to estimate the company's total bill for all the fires between 2015 and 2018 linked to its power systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing potential damages of up to $30 billion, PG&E \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721861/pge-files-for-chapter-11-bankruptcy-protection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">filed for bankruptcy\u003c/a> last January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a judge had deemed the liabilities much higher in a trial, the company could have been rendered insolvent, which would have blown up its plan to reorganize its finances and resume normal business operations after emerging from bankruptcy protection next summer.[aside postID='news_11789259,news_11785582,news_11788316' label='RELATED COVERAGE']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is exciting news for PG&E. They didn't want to have anything to do with going before a jury,\" said Jared Ellias, a professor at UC Hastings College of the Law who has been closely following the bankruptcy case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investors also seemed relieved: PG&E's stock climbed nearly 16% Monday to close at $11.18.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, both the state and federal court hearings are on hold and expected to be shelved entirely, as long as the settlement with fire victims gets the required approvals within the next two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom has until this Friday to sign off on the settlement, which meets his demand that PG&E increase the $7.5 billion it had previously earmarked for fire victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Bankruptcy Court Judge Dennis Montali has until Dec. 20 to approve it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor's office said Newsom is reviewing the settlement to ensure it meets his goal of treating both the fire victims and PG&E employees fairly while also putting the utility on more stable financial footing to make extensive upgrades to its grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the company and the lawyer representing the bankruptcy committee for fire victims declined to comment on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal with the fire victims will make it easier for PG&E to meet a June 30 deadline set by the state to get out of bankruptcy in order to be partially protected from future fire losses by a special fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it still isn't all smooth sailing for the state's largest utility. The San Francisco company still must defeat a competing plan for its reorganization submitted by a group of its bond holders. The proposal lost its previous support from fire victims as part of the $13.5 billion settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company is also still awaiting Montali's approval for a separate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11774069/pge-insurance-companies-strike-11-billion-deal-to-settle-wildfire-claims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$11 billion settlement\u003c/a> with 110 insurers who have already paid policyholder claims in the fire. That deal had been facing fierce resistance from fire victims who had feared it would drain PG&E of all its cash, leaving them in the lurch or forced to accept nothing but stock in a company that could be worthless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new deal with fire victims calls for the company to pay out half the settlement in cash, staggered in installments that will begin with the settlement's approval and continue through January 2022. The second half will consist of stock in the reorganized company, giving fire victims a nearly 21% stake in the utility, according to Monday's filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stock payment will be a boon for fire victims if PG&E fares as well as it did after it ended a three-year stint in bankruptcy protection in April 2004. The company's stock soared from about $29 to a high of $71.57 in Sept. 2017, just before the Tubbs fire signaled that it could be facing huge financial headaches for many years ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire risks underlying the utility's current trip through bankruptcy make this time around much different from the previous one, which was caused by a botched attempt at electricity deregulation. As a result, PG&E is likely to face a bumpier ride out of bankruptcy, making it more likely that its stock will swing more wildly too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is nothing in this settlement that solves the problem that PG&E is still going to be running a really risky business,\" Ellias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "If approved by Gov. Gavin Newsom and a federal judge, the settlement would allow the utility to avoid two major legal obstacles that could have tripped up its efforts to bounce back from bankruptcy.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric will be able to avoid two major legal obstacles — ones that could have tripped up its efforts to bounce back from bankruptcy — if its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790175/pge-announces-13-5-billion-deal-to-resolve-wildfire-claims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$13.5 billion settlement\u003c/a> offer to victims of catastrophic fires is approved by California's governor and a federal judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E provided more details about the deal in a Monday regulatory filing, revealing that the settlement will allow the utility to skip a January civil trial intended to determine whether it was liable for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11674663/with-pge-implicated-in-wildfire-catastrophe-a-fight-over-its-future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2017 Tubbs fire\u003c/a> in Northern California's wine country that killed 22 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal would also scrap plans for a federal court hearing that was supposed to estimate the company's total bill for all the fires between 2015 and 2018 linked to its power systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing potential damages of up to $30 billion, PG&E \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721861/pge-files-for-chapter-11-bankruptcy-protection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">filed for bankruptcy\u003c/a> last January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a judge had deemed the liabilities much higher in a trial, the company could have been rendered insolvent, which would have blown up its plan to reorganize its finances and resume normal business operations after emerging from bankruptcy protection next summer.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is exciting news for PG&E. They didn't want to have anything to do with going before a jury,\" said Jared Ellias, a professor at UC Hastings College of the Law who has been closely following the bankruptcy case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investors also seemed relieved: PG&E's stock climbed nearly 16% Monday to close at $11.18.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, both the state and federal court hearings are on hold and expected to be shelved entirely, as long as the settlement with fire victims gets the required approvals within the next two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom has until this Friday to sign off on the settlement, which meets his demand that PG&E increase the $7.5 billion it had previously earmarked for fire victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Bankruptcy Court Judge Dennis Montali has until Dec. 20 to approve it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor's office said Newsom is reviewing the settlement to ensure it meets his goal of treating both the fire victims and PG&E employees fairly while also putting the utility on more stable financial footing to make extensive upgrades to its grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the company and the lawyer representing the bankruptcy committee for fire victims declined to comment on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal with the fire victims will make it easier for PG&E to meet a June 30 deadline set by the state to get out of bankruptcy in order to be partially protected from future fire losses by a special fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it still isn't all smooth sailing for the state's largest utility. The San Francisco company still must defeat a competing plan for its reorganization submitted by a group of its bond holders. The proposal lost its previous support from fire victims as part of the $13.5 billion settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company is also still awaiting Montali's approval for a separate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11774069/pge-insurance-companies-strike-11-billion-deal-to-settle-wildfire-claims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$11 billion settlement\u003c/a> with 110 insurers who have already paid policyholder claims in the fire. That deal had been facing fierce resistance from fire victims who had feared it would drain PG&E of all its cash, leaving them in the lurch or forced to accept nothing but stock in a company that could be worthless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new deal with fire victims calls for the company to pay out half the settlement in cash, staggered in installments that will begin with the settlement's approval and continue through January 2022. The second half will consist of stock in the reorganized company, giving fire victims a nearly 21% stake in the utility, according to Monday's filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stock payment will be a boon for fire victims if PG&E fares as well as it did after it ended a three-year stint in bankruptcy protection in April 2004. The company's stock soared from about $29 to a high of $71.57 in Sept. 2017, just before the Tubbs fire signaled that it could be facing huge financial headaches for many years ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire risks underlying the utility's current trip through bankruptcy make this time around much different from the previous one, which was caused by a botched attempt at electricity deregulation. As a result, PG&E is likely to face a bumpier ride out of bankruptcy, making it more likely that its stock will swing more wildly too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is nothing in this settlement that solves the problem that PG&E is still going to be running a really risky business,\" Ellias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"onourwatch": {
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
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