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"content": "\u003cp>Recent changes in San Francisco and on the statewide level mean it could soon be easier to navigate the process of finding publicly funded care and education for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, San Francisco launched the city’s new \u003ca href=\"https://sfdec.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Early Childhood\u003c/a>. The department promises to provide children under 6 with expanded access to child care and education with the backing of nearly $300 million in funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Early Childhood Education and Care' tag='early-childhood-education-and-care']And at the state level, two recent developments aim to streamline the search and enrollment process: A few weeks ago, Gov. Gavin Newsom signed a bill that will cut layers of red tape for families applying for subsidized child care and preschool. Services for children and families are typically spread across multiple state agencies, forcing parents to go from one office to another to apply for services, frequently redocumenting the same income and other eligibility information. The new law (\u003ca href=\"https://earlyedgecalifornia.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/SB-1047-Factsheet_Childcare-for-Infants-and-Toddlers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 1047, by state Senator Monique Limón, D-Santa Barbara\u003c/a>) cuts the paperwork and eases the enrollment process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On October 11, the state also launched a new search website at \u003ca href=\"http://Mychildcareplan.org\">Mychildcareplan.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s the current early childhood education landscape in San Francisco, and how is it changing?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED’s Natalia Navarro, Ingrid Mezquita, executive director of the new Department of Early Childhood in San Francisco, described the current early care and education system in San Francisco as very decentralized, mirroring most other state and national systems. “They have different tuition rates. They have different funding availability, whether it’s from the state or the feds,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new department is aiming to unify these resources and services. “Families [will] have access to the information that they need, not only around what’s available in their neighborhood or in the area that they’re looking for, but also what financing is available for their child care,” she said. This will allow families to see whether they are eligible for federal, state or local funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will this new department work to ensure equity in the kinds of families that it serves?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Our focus is always going to be families who are in greatest need,” Mezquita said. “We want to make sure that the services and supports are meaningful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mezquita said their goal is to reduce or eliminate racial disparities. “We’re in this unique position where not only are we going to be funding child care, but we’re also looking at children in a holistic way,” she said. She said this will include looking at comprehensive services and ensuring there are no gaps or missing links to support children and their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>When are you expecting expanded services to be available to families?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“We were just approved as a new department, so we’re building that infrastructure,” said Mezquita. “We’ve already expanded eligibility for families who are making up to 110% of area median income, meaning that if you’re making roughly around $120,000 or below, you may be eligible for child care financing through our department.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will families benefit from the merging of two separate departments?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Mezquita said the information will soon be in a centralized place, and the department will be able to provide families information in multiple languages, “not only for their child care, but also for their child’s well-being,” she added. “San Francisco has an array of services and supports for families. And one of the most difficult thing has been being able to find them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When can San Francisco families access the information?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Mezquita said she’s hoping it will be accessible in the next few months. “We already have a portal, which is where families can find child care: \u003ca href=\"https://www.earlylearningsf.org/#/Dashboard\">Early Learning San Francisco\u003c/a>. You can easily find child care in your area. You can see what you’re eligible for in case you’re eligible for any financial assistance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I access the California State Preschool Program?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If your family is seeking access to the California State Preschool Program, you’re automatically eligible for the early education program if you’re already enrolled in Medi-Cal, CalFresh, WIC or Head Start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once your child is enrolled, the new law guarantees two years of care and education. Previously, families were granted only 12 months of service and had to reapply for an extension.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find affordable, quality child care elsewhere in California?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A new state-funded website helps match families struggling to find affordable, quality care with providers. \u003ca href=\"https://mychildcareplan.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mychildcareplan.org \u003c/a>launched on October 11, and lists every licensed provider in California and their safety record, including their history of inspections and any citations they may have received; their vacancies; the type of care they provide; and the language(s) spoken at their center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new website consolidates information from each of the state’s 58 local child care resource and referral agencies, connecting families to child care, financial aid and other services. It also aims to better serve parents and caregivers who may work in one county but live in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can enter your ZIP code, you could enter the city, and then it does radial search depending on … your filters,” said Linda Asato of the California Child Care Resource and Referral Network. “You’re no longer just bound by the information at that one agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The website is free and does not charge a subscription fee for parents or providers. It can be used in English, Spanish, traditional Chinese and Vietnamese.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new department is aiming to unify these resources and services. “Families [will] have access to the information that they need, not only around what’s available in their neighborhood or in the area that they’re looking for, but also what financing is available for their child care,” she said. This will allow families to see whether they are eligible for federal, state or local funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will this new department work to ensure equity in the kinds of families that it serves?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Our focus is always going to be families who are in greatest need,” Mezquita said. “We want to make sure that the services and supports are meaningful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mezquita said their goal is to reduce or eliminate racial disparities. “We’re in this unique position where not only are we going to be funding child care, but we’re also looking at children in a holistic way,” she said. She said this will include looking at comprehensive services and ensuring there are no gaps or missing links to support children and their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>When are you expecting expanded services to be available to families?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“We were just approved as a new department, so we’re building that infrastructure,” said Mezquita. “We’ve already expanded eligibility for families who are making up to 110% of area median income, meaning that if you’re making roughly around $120,000 or below, you may be eligible for child care financing through our department.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will families benefit from the merging of two separate departments?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Mezquita said the information will soon be in a centralized place, and the department will be able to provide families information in multiple languages, “not only for their child care, but also for their child’s well-being,” she added. “San Francisco has an array of services and supports for families. And one of the most difficult thing has been being able to find them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When can San Francisco families access the information?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Mezquita said she’s hoping it will be accessible in the next few months. “We already have a portal, which is where families can find child care: \u003ca href=\"https://www.earlylearningsf.org/#/Dashboard\">Early Learning San Francisco\u003c/a>. You can easily find child care in your area. You can see what you’re eligible for in case you’re eligible for any financial assistance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I access the California State Preschool Program?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If your family is seeking access to the California State Preschool Program, you’re automatically eligible for the early education program if you’re already enrolled in Medi-Cal, CalFresh, WIC or Head Start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once your child is enrolled, the new law guarantees two years of care and education. Previously, families were granted only 12 months of service and had to reapply for an extension.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find affordable, quality child care elsewhere in California?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A new state-funded website helps match families struggling to find affordable, quality care with providers. \u003ca href=\"https://mychildcareplan.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mychildcareplan.org \u003c/a>launched on October 11, and lists every licensed provider in California and their safety record, including their history of inspections and any citations they may have received; their vacancies; the type of care they provide; and the language(s) spoken at their center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new website consolidates information from each of the state’s 58 local child care resource and referral agencies, connecting families to child care, financial aid and other services. It also aims to better serve parents and caregivers who may work in one county but live in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can enter your ZIP code, you could enter the city, and then it does radial search depending on … your filters,” said Linda Asato of the California Child Care Resource and Referral Network. “You’re no longer just bound by the information at that one agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The website is free and does not charge a subscription fee for parents or providers. It can be used in English, Spanish, traditional Chinese and Vietnamese.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The Supreme Court Is Slated to Hear a Major Affirmative Action Case. University of California Offers a Cautionary Tale",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court is set to soon decide whether race-based programs in admissions are lawful. California, where voters banned affirmative action in 1996, has already been down that road, and University of California officials have asked the court to allow race-conscious admissions policies elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11844364,news_11844254,science_1970355\"]The proof of their need, officials and college access advocates say, is in UC’s series of failed efforts to increase diversity without affirmative action. The system’s latest attempt to make admissions more equitable was its high-profile decision to eliminate standardized test scores, but that too has so far had little impact in improving racial diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservative-leaning Supreme Court is scheduled to hear arguments on October 31 in two cases, against Harvard University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and could overturn a long-standing precedent allowing the consideration of race in college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters in 1996 approved Proposition 209, which banned affirmative action in college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC has since implemented a number of policies designed to increase diversity, from outreach efforts targeted at students from lower-income families to admission guarantees to more students. But while those policies improved geographic diversity and increased enrollment among students from lower-income families, they have failed to bring racial diversity that’s representative of the state to UC’s student body, \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1199/232355/20220801134931730_20-1199%20bsac%20University%20of%20California.pdf\">UC acknowledged in an amicus brief\u003c/a> it filed with the Supreme Court this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC told the Supreme Court that “despite its extensive efforts, UC struggles to enroll a student body that is sufficiently racially diverse to attain the educational benefits of diversity. The shortfall is especially apparent at UC’s most selective campuses, where African American, Native American, and Latinx students are underrepresented and widely report struggling with feelings of racial isolation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s high school seniors in 2021 were 54% Latino and 5.4% Black. But that fall, UC’s incoming freshmen were 26% Latino and 4.4% Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC concluded to the court that its decades-long experience with race-neutral admissions “demonstrates that highly competitive universities may not be able to achieve the benefits of student body diversity through race-neutral measures alone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928982\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11928982\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"college students in a study hall\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">University of California at Berkeley students on campus in the Martin Luther King Jr. Student Union. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin/EdSource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The university’s newest policy change — eliminating standardized tests — could be the latest evidence that even admissions policies that remove barriers can’t achieve racial diversity to the degree that affirmative action would. Critics of the SAT and ACT have said the tests are biased in favor of affluent, mostly white and Asian students with better access to test preparation, tutoring and the ability to take the exams multiple times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, the system of nine undergraduate campuses eliminated standardized tests in admissions, a decision that college access advocates hoped would result in higher enrollments of Black and Latino students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in fall 2021, the first term when incoming students weren’t required to take the SAT or ACT, UC enrolled roughly the same percentage of new Black and Latino students as it did in previous fall terms. Enrollment data for fall 2022 likely won’t be released until January, but UC admitted about the same proportion of Black and Latino students as it did last year. Since eliminating the tests, UC has seen a large spike in the number of Black and Latino students applying to the system, but more white and Asian students also have been applying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some UC officials say it shouldn’t be surprising that eliminating the tests hasn’t made a major difference in the racial makeup of UC students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s mostly because test scores were already a small part of admissions decisions, which considered 14 factors, said Michelle Whittingham, associate vice chancellor of enrollment management at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think individuals all throughout the country and throughout the world that were watching the University of California kind of made an assumption that things drastically changed. And that’s not the case,” Whittingham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928989\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11928989\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836-800x527.jpg\" alt=\"students bicycle on a college campus\" width=\"800\" height=\"527\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836-800x527.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836-1020x671.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students cycle past Kearney Hall on the campus of UC Davis. \u003ccite>(Nick Otto/The Washington Post)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the same time, officials note that test scores are just one barrier for underrepresented students. Access to supports like college counseling, Advanced Placement classes and small class sizes remain unequal across California and the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are cautioning, though, that it’s too early to draw conclusions because the system has been through only two admissions cycles without standardized tests and because there have been many other factors at play since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the amicus brief UC filed with the Supreme Court, the university wrote that it’s not yet clear what the impact of eliminating the tests will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would hesitate to draw conclusions from any singular data point over the last two years. Combining the effects of the global pandemic, with all the various things that went on, and then with the SAT requirement changes on top of that, I think it’s going to take a while before any of that makes sense in context,” said Dale Leaman, executive director of undergraduate admissions at UC Irvine.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A real dampening effect’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After Proposition 209 banned UC from considering race in admissions, “freshmen enrollees from underrepresented minority groups dropped precipitously at UC,” the system wrote in the brief it filed with the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was true for each of UC’s campuses, but especially at its most selective campuses: UCLA and UC Berkeley. At UCLA, for example, Black students made up 7.13% of the freshman class in 1995 but just 3.43% in 1998. The proportion of Latino students dropped from 21.58% to 10.45% over the same period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no question that when Prop. 209 passed, there was a real dampening effect on racial equity efforts,” said Audrey Dow, senior vice president at Campaign for College Opportunity, a group that advocates for better access to California universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Proposition 209 was approved by voters, UC has tried to increase diversity through several initiatives. The system has spent more than half a billion dollars implementing outreach programs, such as its \u003ca href=\"https://eaop.universityofcalifornia.edu/\">Early Academic Outreach Program\u003c/a> in which UC works directly with students from underserved high schools and helps them complete all admissions requirements and apply for financial aid. While those kinds of programs have helped UC enroll more students from lower-income families, they haven’t been as effective in enrolling higher percentages of Black and Latino students, according to the Supreme Court brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928992\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11928992\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Black students march on a college campus during a protest\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the Black Student Union at UC Riverside march during a 2016 solidarity protest following the assault of an African American student at UC Davis by three white men. A recent amicus brief from the University of California system to the US Supreme Court stated that ‘African American, Native American, and Latinx students are underrepresented and widely report struggling with feelings of racial isolation.’ \u003ccite>(Marcus Yam/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2001, UC also implemented a local program that now guarantees admission somewhere in the system to California residents who are in the top 9% of their high school class. The program is a way to ensure that students at schools across the state have access to UC, and it has helped the system improve its geographic diversity. However, like the outreach programs, the local guarantees “have not substantially increased the racial diversity of students admitted to UC, and they have had little impact at the most selective campuses,” UC wrote in the brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also in 2001, UC introduced holistic review in admissions. The system went from primarily using grades and test scores to determine whether a student was admitted to, instead, using the 14 factors — now 13 with the elimination of test scores. Among the factors that UC now considers is the location of a student’s high school as well as a student’s accomplishments in light of special circumstances, such as whether the student comes from a lower-income family or is the first in their family to attend college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But UC acknowledged in its Supreme Court brief that holistic review “has not been sufficient to counteract the declines in diversity after Proposition 209.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters recently had a chance to reverse course and allow UC to consider affirmative action. Proposition 16, on the ballot in 2020, would have repealed Proposition 209, \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/voters-appear-to-be-rejecting-proposition-16-to-restore-affirmative-action/642910\">but it was defeated\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Admissions without test scores\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Before UC got rid of standardized tests from admissions decisions, admissions officials were already considering test scores “in context,” said Whittingham, from UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, if one applicant scored a 1,200 on the SAT and had the highest score at their school, that might be more impressive to application readers than an applicant who scored a 1,300 but went to a school where that score was only average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the critical piece,” Whittingham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may explain why UC’s freshman cohort that entered in fall 2021 didn’t look significantly different from previous fall cohorts. About 4.4% of the class were Black students, compared to 4.1% in fall 2020. The share of Latino students was 26%, compared to about 25% the previous year, and that slight uptick may be attributed at least partly to demographic changes in California’s high school students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whittingham added that she thinks there’s “potential” for the elimination of test scores to eventually lead to more enrollment of Black and Latino students, but she doesn’t expect it to be a dramatic change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow of the Campaign for College Opportunity said that eliminating the SAT and ACT from admissions was a “huge signal to students that you have a spot, you are welcome at the University of California.” That’s why, Dow said, UC saw a huge increase in applications for fall 2021 admissions, when freshman applications were up by about 18%, which included large spikes in the number of Black and Latino students applying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow added, however, that UC won’t see those application trends translate into enrollments unless it can significantly expand capacity. “There simply isn’t the capacity to fit everybody that is eligible and deserving of a seat,” Dow said. “I think as we figure out the capacity challenge, we will continue on the track of eliminating barriers to students of color to the UC.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923270\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11923270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"students walk through a plaza at UC Berkeley\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1536x1057.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-2048x1409.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1920x1321.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People walk through Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC has made it a priority to expand capacity and \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/uc-plans-to-expand-enrollment-with-more-online-summer-programs-and-more-transfer-students/675641\">plans to add another 23,000 students by 2030\u003c/a>. However, that could be challenging at some campuses, especially the most competitive ones like Berkeley, which already is overcrowded to the point that it turns away thousands of students from on-campus housing every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some UC officials are optimistic that eliminating the SAT and ACT will eventually translate to more enrollments of Black and Latino students. Leaman from UC Irvine as well as admissions officials with UC San Diego and UCLA told EdSource that they think it’s possible their campuses will see a higher percentage of those students enrolling in the coming years. That could be especially true if the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic lessen since Black and Latino students have been \u003ca href=\"https://latino.ucla.edu/research/fact-sheet-education-covid/\">more likely to have their educational plans disrupted\u003c/a> by the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that happens, it would be a divergence from UC’s past measures that have failed to increase racial diversity across the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its brief to the Supreme Court, UC wrote that its own experience demonstrates that universities need to “engage in limited consideration of race” in admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Such consideration remains justified by universities’ compelling interest in achieving the educational benefits of diversity — in bringing together young adults from all walks of life, who have had varying experiences informed by their localities, socioeconomic background, upbringing, and race, and instilling in them a capacity to appreciate each other’s viewpoints,” UC wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/as-supreme-court-considers-affirmative-action-case-university-of-california-offers-cautionary-tale/679692\">This story was originally published by EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "As the court prepares to consider race-based admissions at Harvard University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the UC system says its efforts at increasing diversity without affirmative action have by and large failed.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court is set to soon decide whether race-based programs in admissions are lawful. California, where voters banned affirmative action in 1996, has already been down that road, and University of California officials have asked the court to allow race-conscious admissions policies elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The proof of their need, officials and college access advocates say, is in UC’s series of failed efforts to increase diversity without affirmative action. The system’s latest attempt to make admissions more equitable was its high-profile decision to eliminate standardized test scores, but that too has so far had little impact in improving racial diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservative-leaning Supreme Court is scheduled to hear arguments on October 31 in two cases, against Harvard University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and could overturn a long-standing precedent allowing the consideration of race in college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters in 1996 approved Proposition 209, which banned affirmative action in college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC has since implemented a number of policies designed to increase diversity, from outreach efforts targeted at students from lower-income families to admission guarantees to more students. But while those policies improved geographic diversity and increased enrollment among students from lower-income families, they have failed to bring racial diversity that’s representative of the state to UC’s student body, \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1199/232355/20220801134931730_20-1199%20bsac%20University%20of%20California.pdf\">UC acknowledged in an amicus brief\u003c/a> it filed with the Supreme Court this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC told the Supreme Court that “despite its extensive efforts, UC struggles to enroll a student body that is sufficiently racially diverse to attain the educational benefits of diversity. The shortfall is especially apparent at UC’s most selective campuses, where African American, Native American, and Latinx students are underrepresented and widely report struggling with feelings of racial isolation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s high school seniors in 2021 were 54% Latino and 5.4% Black. But that fall, UC’s incoming freshmen were 26% Latino and 4.4% Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC concluded to the court that its decades-long experience with race-neutral admissions “demonstrates that highly competitive universities may not be able to achieve the benefits of student body diversity through race-neutral measures alone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928982\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11928982\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"college students in a study hall\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/UCB_039-1200x750-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">University of California at Berkeley students on campus in the Martin Luther King Jr. Student Union. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin/EdSource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The university’s newest policy change — eliminating standardized tests — could be the latest evidence that even admissions policies that remove barriers can’t achieve racial diversity to the degree that affirmative action would. Critics of the SAT and ACT have said the tests are biased in favor of affluent, mostly white and Asian students with better access to test preparation, tutoring and the ability to take the exams multiple times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, the system of nine undergraduate campuses eliminated standardized tests in admissions, a decision that college access advocates hoped would result in higher enrollments of Black and Latino students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in fall 2021, the first term when incoming students weren’t required to take the SAT or ACT, UC enrolled roughly the same percentage of new Black and Latino students as it did in previous fall terms. Enrollment data for fall 2022 likely won’t be released until January, but UC admitted about the same proportion of Black and Latino students as it did last year. Since eliminating the tests, UC has seen a large spike in the number of Black and Latino students applying to the system, but more white and Asian students also have been applying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some UC officials say it shouldn’t be surprising that eliminating the tests hasn’t made a major difference in the racial makeup of UC students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s mostly because test scores were already a small part of admissions decisions, which considered 14 factors, said Michelle Whittingham, associate vice chancellor of enrollment management at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think individuals all throughout the country and throughout the world that were watching the University of California kind of made an assumption that things drastically changed. And that’s not the case,” Whittingham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928989\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11928989\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836-800x527.jpg\" alt=\"students bicycle on a college campus\" width=\"800\" height=\"527\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836-800x527.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836-1020x671.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1204097836.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students cycle past Kearney Hall on the campus of UC Davis. \u003ccite>(Nick Otto/The Washington Post)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the same time, officials note that test scores are just one barrier for underrepresented students. Access to supports like college counseling, Advanced Placement classes and small class sizes remain unequal across California and the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are cautioning, though, that it’s too early to draw conclusions because the system has been through only two admissions cycles without standardized tests and because there have been many other factors at play since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the amicus brief UC filed with the Supreme Court, the university wrote that it’s not yet clear what the impact of eliminating the tests will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would hesitate to draw conclusions from any singular data point over the last two years. Combining the effects of the global pandemic, with all the various things that went on, and then with the SAT requirement changes on top of that, I think it’s going to take a while before any of that makes sense in context,” said Dale Leaman, executive director of undergraduate admissions at UC Irvine.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A real dampening effect’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After Proposition 209 banned UC from considering race in admissions, “freshmen enrollees from underrepresented minority groups dropped precipitously at UC,” the system wrote in the brief it filed with the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was true for each of UC’s campuses, but especially at its most selective campuses: UCLA and UC Berkeley. At UCLA, for example, Black students made up 7.13% of the freshman class in 1995 but just 3.43% in 1998. The proportion of Latino students dropped from 21.58% to 10.45% over the same period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no question that when Prop. 209 passed, there was a real dampening effect on racial equity efforts,” said Audrey Dow, senior vice president at Campaign for College Opportunity, a group that advocates for better access to California universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Proposition 209 was approved by voters, UC has tried to increase diversity through several initiatives. The system has spent more than half a billion dollars implementing outreach programs, such as its \u003ca href=\"https://eaop.universityofcalifornia.edu/\">Early Academic Outreach Program\u003c/a> in which UC works directly with students from underserved high schools and helps them complete all admissions requirements and apply for financial aid. While those kinds of programs have helped UC enroll more students from lower-income families, they haven’t been as effective in enrolling higher percentages of Black and Latino students, according to the Supreme Court brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928992\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11928992\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Black students march on a college campus during a protest\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-513161022.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the Black Student Union at UC Riverside march during a 2016 solidarity protest following the assault of an African American student at UC Davis by three white men. A recent amicus brief from the University of California system to the US Supreme Court stated that ‘African American, Native American, and Latinx students are underrepresented and widely report struggling with feelings of racial isolation.’ \u003ccite>(Marcus Yam/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2001, UC also implemented a local program that now guarantees admission somewhere in the system to California residents who are in the top 9% of their high school class. The program is a way to ensure that students at schools across the state have access to UC, and it has helped the system improve its geographic diversity. However, like the outreach programs, the local guarantees “have not substantially increased the racial diversity of students admitted to UC, and they have had little impact at the most selective campuses,” UC wrote in the brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also in 2001, UC introduced holistic review in admissions. The system went from primarily using grades and test scores to determine whether a student was admitted to, instead, using the 14 factors — now 13 with the elimination of test scores. Among the factors that UC now considers is the location of a student’s high school as well as a student’s accomplishments in light of special circumstances, such as whether the student comes from a lower-income family or is the first in their family to attend college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But UC acknowledged in its Supreme Court brief that holistic review “has not been sufficient to counteract the declines in diversity after Proposition 209.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters recently had a chance to reverse course and allow UC to consider affirmative action. Proposition 16, on the ballot in 2020, would have repealed Proposition 209, \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/voters-appear-to-be-rejecting-proposition-16-to-restore-affirmative-action/642910\">but it was defeated\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Admissions without test scores\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Before UC got rid of standardized tests from admissions decisions, admissions officials were already considering test scores “in context,” said Whittingham, from UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, if one applicant scored a 1,200 on the SAT and had the highest score at their school, that might be more impressive to application readers than an applicant who scored a 1,300 but went to a school where that score was only average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the critical piece,” Whittingham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may explain why UC’s freshman cohort that entered in fall 2021 didn’t look significantly different from previous fall cohorts. About 4.4% of the class were Black students, compared to 4.1% in fall 2020. The share of Latino students was 26%, compared to about 25% the previous year, and that slight uptick may be attributed at least partly to demographic changes in California’s high school students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whittingham added that she thinks there’s “potential” for the elimination of test scores to eventually lead to more enrollment of Black and Latino students, but she doesn’t expect it to be a dramatic change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow of the Campaign for College Opportunity said that eliminating the SAT and ACT from admissions was a “huge signal to students that you have a spot, you are welcome at the University of California.” That’s why, Dow said, UC saw a huge increase in applications for fall 2021 admissions, when freshman applications were up by about 18%, which included large spikes in the number of Black and Latino students applying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow added, however, that UC won’t see those application trends translate into enrollments unless it can significantly expand capacity. “There simply isn’t the capacity to fit everybody that is eligible and deserving of a seat,” Dow said. “I think as we figure out the capacity challenge, we will continue on the track of eliminating barriers to students of color to the UC.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923270\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11923270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"students walk through a plaza at UC Berkeley\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1536x1057.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-2048x1409.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/GettyImages-1385201995-1920x1321.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People walk through Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC has made it a priority to expand capacity and \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/uc-plans-to-expand-enrollment-with-more-online-summer-programs-and-more-transfer-students/675641\">plans to add another 23,000 students by 2030\u003c/a>. However, that could be challenging at some campuses, especially the most competitive ones like Berkeley, which already is overcrowded to the point that it turns away thousands of students from on-campus housing every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some UC officials are optimistic that eliminating the SAT and ACT will eventually translate to more enrollments of Black and Latino students. Leaman from UC Irvine as well as admissions officials with UC San Diego and UCLA told EdSource that they think it’s possible their campuses will see a higher percentage of those students enrolling in the coming years. That could be especially true if the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic lessen since Black and Latino students have been \u003ca href=\"https://latino.ucla.edu/research/fact-sheet-education-covid/\">more likely to have their educational plans disrupted\u003c/a> by the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that happens, it would be a divergence from UC’s past measures that have failed to increase racial diversity across the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its brief to the Supreme Court, UC wrote that its own experience demonstrates that universities need to “engage in limited consideration of race” in admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Such consideration remains justified by universities’ compelling interest in achieving the educational benefits of diversity — in bringing together young adults from all walks of life, who have had varying experiences informed by their localities, socioeconomic background, upbringing, and race, and instilling in them a capacity to appreciate each other’s viewpoints,” UC wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/as-supreme-court-considers-affirmative-action-case-university-of-california-offers-cautionary-tale/679692\">This story was originally published by EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s hard to imagine a more anticipated \u003cem>form\u003c/em> than the one tens of millions of federal student loan borrowers will need to complete to qualify for President Biden’s debt relief plan. On Tuesday, senior administration officials revealed new details about the application. Here’s what we know:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When the application is coming:\u003c/strong> The Biden administration has said repeatedly its debt relief application would be available in early October. In a call with reporters, senior administration officials dropped the “early” but promised, “We will make the form available in October,” and said they are “working hard to make sure the form can handle the traffic we anticipate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a legal filing on Friday, the department said it “will not discharge any student loan debt under the debt relief plan prior to October 23, 2022.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The application will be available through Dec. 31, 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where the application will be posted:\u003c/strong> Officials said the application will be housed at a .gov website, and published in both English and Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What the application will ask for:\u003c/strong> As U.S. Secretary of Education Miguel Cardona \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/09/15/1123108811/biden-student-loans-debt-cancellation-pslf\">told NPR a few weeks ago\u003c/a>, the application, which officials shared with reporters on Tuesday, is quite simple. It requires only basic information, including name, birth date, Social Security number, phone number and an e-mail address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borrowers will not need what’s known as an FSA ID to log into the application, nor will they need to upload any documents, including tax records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will borrowers need to prove they meet \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/24/1118879917/student-loan-forgiveness-biden\">\u003cstrong>the plan’s income requirements\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>?\u003c/strong> Instead of having to provide documents that verify that you, as an individual, earned less than $125,000 in 2020 or 2021 or, as a couple, less than $250,000, the application simply asks borrowers to check a box to “certify under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States of America that all of the information provided on this form is true and correct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"student-loans\"]A senior administration official told reporters that the U.S. Department of Education will closely match the information applicants provide with loan and income information it already has on file. In case of discrepancies, the department “will work with borrowers to secure additional documentation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official said roughly 95% of borrowers should meet those income thresholds, though it’s not clear how many the department will flag for additional income verification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How long will it take the department to process each application?\u003c/strong> When asked by NPR how long borrowers who fill out the application will have to wait before they see their debts canceled, one senior administration official said, “a matter of weeks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timing matters because the department wants to discharge as many debts as possible before student loan payments resume in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, Cardona told NPR, “I will tell you, [by] Jan. 1 when [loan repayment resumes], we have to have all that set up. So we know that, between October and before the loans restart, not only is the information going to be needed by all borrowers, but we’re going to have to be done with that process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday’s call with reporters, a senior administration official backed up Cardona’s timeline, saying the department plans to quickly process applications in November and December to discharge debts and limit borrower confusion come January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=What+to+know+about+the+application+for+Biden%27s+student+loan+relief+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s hard to imagine a more anticipated \u003cem>form\u003c/em> than the one tens of millions of federal student loan borrowers will need to complete to qualify for President Biden’s debt relief plan. On Tuesday, senior administration officials revealed new details about the application. Here’s what we know:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When the application is coming:\u003c/strong> The Biden administration has said repeatedly its debt relief application would be available in early October. In a call with reporters, senior administration officials dropped the “early” but promised, “We will make the form available in October,” and said they are “working hard to make sure the form can handle the traffic we anticipate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a legal filing on Friday, the department said it “will not discharge any student loan debt under the debt relief plan prior to October 23, 2022.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The application will be available through Dec. 31, 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where the application will be posted:\u003c/strong> Officials said the application will be housed at a .gov website, and published in both English and Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What the application will ask for:\u003c/strong> As U.S. Secretary of Education Miguel Cardona \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/09/15/1123108811/biden-student-loans-debt-cancellation-pslf\">told NPR a few weeks ago\u003c/a>, the application, which officials shared with reporters on Tuesday, is quite simple. It requires only basic information, including name, birth date, Social Security number, phone number and an e-mail address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borrowers will not need what’s known as an FSA ID to log into the application, nor will they need to upload any documents, including tax records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will borrowers need to prove they meet \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/24/1118879917/student-loan-forgiveness-biden\">\u003cstrong>the plan’s income requirements\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>?\u003c/strong> Instead of having to provide documents that verify that you, as an individual, earned less than $125,000 in 2020 or 2021 or, as a couple, less than $250,000, the application simply asks borrowers to check a box to “certify under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States of America that all of the information provided on this form is true and correct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A senior administration official told reporters that the U.S. Department of Education will closely match the information applicants provide with loan and income information it already has on file. In case of discrepancies, the department “will work with borrowers to secure additional documentation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official said roughly 95% of borrowers should meet those income thresholds, though it’s not clear how many the department will flag for additional income verification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How long will it take the department to process each application?\u003c/strong> When asked by NPR how long borrowers who fill out the application will have to wait before they see their debts canceled, one senior administration official said, “a matter of weeks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timing matters because the department wants to discharge as many debts as possible before student loan payments resume in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, Cardona told NPR, “I will tell you, [by] Jan. 1 when [loan repayment resumes], we have to have all that set up. So we know that, between October and before the loans restart, not only is the information going to be needed by all borrowers, but we’re going to have to be done with that process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday’s call with reporters, a senior administration official backed up Cardona’s timeline, saying the department plans to quickly process applications in November and December to discharge debts and limit borrower confusion come January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=What+to+know+about+the+application+for+Biden%27s+student+loan+relief+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 5 p.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nOn Wednesday, California Highway Patrol officers escorted more than a dozen unhoused people off of a vacant Caltrans lot in West Oakland, just days after they had occupied it. Four activists trying to block officers from entering the lot were arrested and later released. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Spokespeople for Caltrans \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and the city of Oakland said they are in talks about using other Caltrans properties as shelter sites, but did not provide specific details.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story, 11 a.m. Tuesday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMore than a dozen unhoused residents this weekend moved to a vacant lot in West Oakland following recent evictions from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11925169/residents-activists-decry-evictions-at-oaklands-largest-homeless-encampment\">the Wood Street encampment\u003c/a> — which was, until recently, the city’s largest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The residents are hoping the city of Oakland will lease the lot — at 34th Street and Mandela Parkway — from Caltrans to relieve overcrowding on city streets, where residents have moved following the evictions. But it’s still unclear whether that will happen. On Monday, California Highway Patrol officers informed residents they would have one week to leave the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re pushing us to nowhere,” said Wood Street resident LaMonte Ford from behind a chain-link fence protecting the site, which residents had locked to bar the officers from entering. “We have nowhere to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At its height, the former Wood Street encampment stretched the length of more than 15 city blocks underneath the I-880 overpass in West Oakland, along the Union Pacific and BNSF Railway, on land owned by Caltrans, the city of Oakland, BNSF and private parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early September, Caltrans began evicting the estimated 300 people who lived there. The move came after a nearly month-long delay, prompted by a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919941/closure-of-oaklands-largest-homeless-encampment-put-on-hold-for-now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit residents filed\u003c/a> against the transportation agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"wood-street\"]A federal judge ultimately lifted the temporary restraining order, citing safety concerns, and ordered Caltrans to work with the city of Oakland and Alameda County to offer alternative housing options to Wood Street residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, 241 people had been offered lodging at Oakland’s community cabin “tuff shed” sites, congregate shelters, transitional housing and RV parking programs, according to Jerri Randrup, spokesperson for the county’s Health Care Services Agency. But only 90 have accepted those offers, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those who did not, many have relocated elsewhere in the immediate vicinity — either to adjacent side streets or other vacant lots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925205\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11925205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A man puts some items onto a truck\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ben Murawski fills a truck with his belongings in an attempt to remove the items from an area being cleared by Caltrans at the Wood Street encampment in Oakland on Sept. 8, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ben Murawski, 47, who lived in an RV at Wood Street for the past two years, was one of the first to be evicted. He moved a few blocks down the road, before relocating this weekend to the lot at 34th Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford said the idea to move there came from conversations with local city officials. He said he received a handshake agreement from Oakland City Administrator Ed Reiskin, allowing former Wood Street residents to move in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At maximum capacity, Ford said the site could accommodate about 20 to 25 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were already discussing this lot as a possibility for us,” Ford said, adding, “With no place to go and [us] spilling into the streets, we kind of just expedited things, if you will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the city did not respond to a request for comment to confirm that agreement. Janis Mara, a spokesperson for Caltrans, said the agency was in talks with the city “regarding leasing available land for people experiencing homelessness,” but she declined to say whether that available land included the lot in question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928426\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11928426\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than a dozen unhoused residents from the former Wood Street encampment moved to a vacant lot in West Oakland, Monday, Oct. 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Erin Baldassari/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some neighbors, however, appeared caught off guard by the move. Kathy Kuhner, who lives in the area and owns an adjacent lot, said she was concerned about the possibilities of fires, noise and trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a really terrible homeless problem here in Oakland,” she said. “But the solution isn’t to have the homeless people break into other people’s properties. That can’t be the solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland City Council last week directed staff to pursue the option of using 8 acres at the former Oakland Army Base to house up to 300 people, including many of those displaced from the Wood Street encampment. Reiskin is expected to report back to the Council by October 18 on how to clear regulatory hurdles that would enable the city to allow people to live there, despite toxic soil and groundwater conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Ford and other residents say they don’t have the luxury of waiting for the city to make those decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not trying to step on anyone’s toes,” Ford said. “But we are trying to stay safe.”\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>KQED’s Vanessa Rancaño contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/i>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 5 p.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nOn Wednesday, California Highway Patrol officers escorted more than a dozen unhoused people off of a vacant Caltrans lot in West Oakland, just days after they had occupied it. Four activists trying to block officers from entering the lot were arrested and later released. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Spokespeople for Caltrans \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and the city of Oakland said they are in talks about using other Caltrans properties as shelter sites, but did not provide specific details.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story, 11 a.m. Tuesday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMore than a dozen unhoused residents this weekend moved to a vacant lot in West Oakland following recent evictions from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11925169/residents-activists-decry-evictions-at-oaklands-largest-homeless-encampment\">the Wood Street encampment\u003c/a> — which was, until recently, the city’s largest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The residents are hoping the city of Oakland will lease the lot — at 34th Street and Mandela Parkway — from Caltrans to relieve overcrowding on city streets, where residents have moved following the evictions. But it’s still unclear whether that will happen. On Monday, California Highway Patrol officers informed residents they would have one week to leave the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re pushing us to nowhere,” said Wood Street resident LaMonte Ford from behind a chain-link fence protecting the site, which residents had locked to bar the officers from entering. “We have nowhere to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At its height, the former Wood Street encampment stretched the length of more than 15 city blocks underneath the I-880 overpass in West Oakland, along the Union Pacific and BNSF Railway, on land owned by Caltrans, the city of Oakland, BNSF and private parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early September, Caltrans began evicting the estimated 300 people who lived there. The move came after a nearly month-long delay, prompted by a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919941/closure-of-oaklands-largest-homeless-encampment-put-on-hold-for-now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit residents filed\u003c/a> against the transportation agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A federal judge ultimately lifted the temporary restraining order, citing safety concerns, and ordered Caltrans to work with the city of Oakland and Alameda County to offer alternative housing options to Wood Street residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, 241 people had been offered lodging at Oakland’s community cabin “tuff shed” sites, congregate shelters, transitional housing and RV parking programs, according to Jerri Randrup, spokesperson for the county’s Health Care Services Agency. But only 90 have accepted those offers, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those who did not, many have relocated elsewhere in the immediate vicinity — either to adjacent side streets or other vacant lots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925205\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11925205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A man puts some items onto a truck\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS58525_074_KQED_WoodStreetOaklandCalTrans_09082022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ben Murawski fills a truck with his belongings in an attempt to remove the items from an area being cleared by Caltrans at the Wood Street encampment in Oakland on Sept. 8, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ben Murawski, 47, who lived in an RV at Wood Street for the past two years, was one of the first to be evicted. He moved a few blocks down the road, before relocating this weekend to the lot at 34th Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford said the idea to move there came from conversations with local city officials. He said he received a handshake agreement from Oakland City Administrator Ed Reiskin, allowing former Wood Street residents to move in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At maximum capacity, Ford said the site could accommodate about 20 to 25 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were already discussing this lot as a possibility for us,” Ford said, adding, “With no place to go and [us] spilling into the streets, we kind of just expedited things, if you will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the city did not respond to a request for comment to confirm that agreement. Janis Mara, a spokesperson for Caltrans, said the agency was in talks with the city “regarding leasing available land for people experiencing homelessness,” but she declined to say whether that available land included the lot in question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928426\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11928426\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/IMG_2670-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than a dozen unhoused residents from the former Wood Street encampment moved to a vacant lot in West Oakland, Monday, Oct. 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Erin Baldassari/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some neighbors, however, appeared caught off guard by the move. Kathy Kuhner, who lives in the area and owns an adjacent lot, said she was concerned about the possibilities of fires, noise and trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a really terrible homeless problem here in Oakland,” she said. “But the solution isn’t to have the homeless people break into other people’s properties. That can’t be the solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland City Council last week directed staff to pursue the option of using 8 acres at the former Oakland Army Base to house up to 300 people, including many of those displaced from the Wood Street encampment. Reiskin is expected to report back to the Council by October 18 on how to clear regulatory hurdles that would enable the city to allow people to live there, despite toxic soil and groundwater conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Ford and other residents say they don’t have the luxury of waiting for the city to make those decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not trying to step on anyone’s toes,” Ford said. “But we are trying to stay safe.”\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>KQED’s Vanessa Rancaño contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/i>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A severe teacher shortage has forced dozens of preschools\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in California to shut down some of their classrooms since the start of the school year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The funding for these subsidized classrooms is available, and plenty of children from lower-income families are waiting to enroll. But there aren’t enough teachers — a situation that could get worse as the state begins to pour billions of dollars into transitional kindergarten, threatening to destabilize the early education workforce.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We have over 25 classrooms that we can put kids in, but we don’t have employees,” said Donna Sneeringer, chief strategy officer at the Child Care Resource Center, which serves children in Head Start programs in Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties. When she began comparing notes with other child care agencies in Southern California, the number grew to 100.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her findings prompted a statewide survey of government-contracted early education programs last month. According to the survey, which had about a 20% response rate, there are a total of almost 1,300 unfilled teacher positions. That means, overall, these programs serving the state’s children from lower-income families could be missing 4,000 to 5,000 teachers, according to Christopher Maricle, executive director of Head Start California, which conducted the survey along with the advocacy group EveryChild California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The staggering numbers didn’t surprise him. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Low wages were driving away early childhood educators, who are overwhelmingly women of color, long before the pandemic began. But \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://medicine.yale.edu/childstudy/news-article/childcare-professionals-endured-higher-rates-of-depression-stress-and-asthma-during-the-pandemic-us-study-reveals/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the physical, mental and financial stress they endured during the public health crisis\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and the recession, accelerated their Great Resignation. Some teachers moved to more affordable locations, while others chose early retirement or left for better-paying jobs in other industries.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some are also shifting to public schools, where they stand to double their salaries as widening access to transitional kindergarten opens new job opportunities for them — and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11893791/why-californias-universal-transitional-kindergarten-plan-poses-a-threat-to-some-early-childhood-ed-providers\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">threatens to destabilize\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the already fragile child care industry.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s the perfect, horrible storm,” said Maricle, who thinks the expansion of \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">TK starting this school year in California \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">exacerbated the staffing problem. “You’ve got inflation, you’ve got a rising minimum wage that makes it more attractive for people who are in Head Start to make similar wages at McDonald’s. Then there was the pandemic, which made it harder to enroll families, and the stress of doing the work really increased for the staff.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“All of those pressures together are just putting enormous stress on the system.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Iris Marin-Lima, site manager, Old Gallinas Children's Center\"]'It was really a huge struggle. (I felt) like sometimes crying because really you didn't want to (cancel class) and there was not any other option.'[/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">TK was established in California a decade ago to provide an extra year of schooling for kids who narrowly miss the cutoff to go to kindergarten. Last year, California lawmakers transformed the state’s early learning system by committing $2.7 billion toward expanding the program to all 4-year-olds. \u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was a victory for advocates, who asserted that a universal program will lift children’s early development and lead to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.crocus.georgetown.edu/#_ga=2.34377573.530940750.1663795469-1280683115.1663795469\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">long-term success\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, such as a greater likelihood of graduating high school and attending college. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">By the 2025-26 school year, universal TK could cover more than 300,000 children. To ensure that they get the attention they need, state law requires significantly lowering the student-to-teacher ratio. In previous years, a teacher could lead a TK classroom of up to 31 students. But starting this school year, the ratio dramatically lowered to one teacher for every 12 students.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The demand will require \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/product/ca-transitional-kindergarten-workforce-brief\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">upward of 15,500 new teachers and 19,500 teacher aides\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> by full implementation, according to estimates by the Learning Policy Institute in Palo Alto. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tens of thousands of teachers at home- or community-based preschools who already have a college degree and experience working with 4-year-olds \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/publications/data-snapshot/double-or-nothing-potential-tk-wages-for-californias-early-educators/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">could be qualified to teach TK\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. In the Bay Area, a preschool teacher making an average salary of $51,500 could earn nearly $85,000 teaching TK, according to the Center for the Study of Child Care Employment at UC Berkeley.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The state agency in charge of licensing professional educators is working to adopt a credentialing program to teach TK through third grade, and California is investing more than $2.5 billion to train new teachers. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s fantastic to see, finally, doors are opening for early childhood educators that are beginning to lead to professional wages,” said Scott Moore, CEO of Kidango, the largest provider of subsidized preschools in the Bay Area. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He said that although his nonprofit has been able to raise teacher salaries from a minimum wage of $11 per hour six years ago to $20 per hour now — and soon, he hopes, a living wage of $26 per hour — it won’t be able to compete with school districts that can provide pensions, retirement and better health care benefits. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“These are things that teachers deserve and need. So while we know that it means we’ve got to lose some teachers, and that’s hard, we know it’s best for them,” he said. “It makes us work harder to increase our wages and benefits even more.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Early Childhood Education and Care' tag='early-childhood-education-and-care']\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He believes more competitive salaries will attract new workers and create a pipeline of teachers starting in early childhood education and advancing to higher grade levels.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the meantime, child care providers are offering retention bonuses, pay raises, mental health support and other incentives to try to keep the teachers they have. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At Old Gallinas Children’s Center in San Rafael, providers closed three classrooms to avoid staff burnout. The school strictly requires one teacher for every eight children. When the omicron variant was spreading in the spring and teachers were calling in sick, managers scrambled to meet that ratio. When they couldn’t, they called parents, sometimes at the last minute, to cancel class.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It was really a huge struggle. (I felt) like sometimes crying because really you didn’t want to do it and there was not any other option,” said the school’s site manager, Iris Marin-Lima. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before the pandemic, the nonprofit that operates Old Gallinas and other Head Start sites in Marin County served more than 1,000 kids, a majority of them from immigrant households and beginning to learn English. Today, just under 500 are enrolled, according to Chandra Alexandre, CEO of Community Action Marin. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although the county has a reputation of being one of the nation’s wealthiest, census figures show 6% of residents live in poverty.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many providers blend federal and state funding to better pay teachers and offer year-round, full-day preschool to accommodate working families. Moore, the CEO of Kidango in Fremont, said higher state reimbursement rates for serving 3-year-olds, dual language learners and children with special needs has allowed him to increase wages.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Local governments are also stepping up.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In San Francisco, more than 2,000 teachers and assistant teachers are getting a bump in their paychecks this month as the city institutes a $28-per-hour minimum wage by relying on funds from a commercial real estate tax that was passed by voters. In Alameda County, voters passed a sales tax measure in March 2020 to boost child care workers’ wages, but the money is being held in an account pending a legal challenge by a taxpayers’ association.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Meanwhile, the National Head Start Association is lobbying Congress to increase compensation for teachers by at least $2.5 billion per year. In a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://nhsa.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/2022.05-Workforce-Brief.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">survey of 900 Head Start grant recipients\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> nationwide, 90% said they closed classrooms, either temporarily or permanently, due to lack of staff, and 57% said low pay was the top reason for teachers’ departures.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maricle said Head Start salaries have not kept pace with the program’s increasingly rigorous requirements for teachers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“What we need is for Congress to continue the conversation it had during COVID, which revealed the importance of early childhood care to the entire economy, and pay the people who get bachelor’s degrees and special training in early brain development … those people should be paid professional wages,” he said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: A previous version of this story omitted the full last name of Old Gallinas Children Center’s site manager, as well as an attribution for data about the number of Head Start children served in Marin County.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A severe teacher shortage has forced dozens of preschools\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in California to shut down some of their classrooms since the start of the school year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The funding for these subsidized classrooms is available, and plenty of children from lower-income families are waiting to enroll. But there aren’t enough teachers — a situation that could get worse as the state begins to pour billions of dollars into transitional kindergarten, threatening to destabilize the early education workforce.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We have over 25 classrooms that we can put kids in, but we don’t have employees,” said Donna Sneeringer, chief strategy officer at the Child Care Resource Center, which serves children in Head Start programs in Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties. When she began comparing notes with other child care agencies in Southern California, the number grew to 100.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her findings prompted a statewide survey of government-contracted early education programs last month. According to the survey, which had about a 20% response rate, there are a total of almost 1,300 unfilled teacher positions. That means, overall, these programs serving the state’s children from lower-income families could be missing 4,000 to 5,000 teachers, according to Christopher Maricle, executive director of Head Start California, which conducted the survey along with the advocacy group EveryChild California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The staggering numbers didn’t surprise him. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Low wages were driving away early childhood educators, who are overwhelmingly women of color, long before the pandemic began. But \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://medicine.yale.edu/childstudy/news-article/childcare-professionals-endured-higher-rates-of-depression-stress-and-asthma-during-the-pandemic-us-study-reveals/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the physical, mental and financial stress they endured during the public health crisis\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and the recession, accelerated their Great Resignation. Some teachers moved to more affordable locations, while others chose early retirement or left for better-paying jobs in other industries.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some are also shifting to public schools, where they stand to double their salaries as widening access to transitional kindergarten opens new job opportunities for them — and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11893791/why-californias-universal-transitional-kindergarten-plan-poses-a-threat-to-some-early-childhood-ed-providers\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">threatens to destabilize\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the already fragile child care industry.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s the perfect, horrible storm,” said Maricle, who thinks the expansion of \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">TK starting this school year in California \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">exacerbated the staffing problem. “You’ve got inflation, you’ve got a rising minimum wage that makes it more attractive for people who are in Head Start to make similar wages at McDonald’s. Then there was the pandemic, which made it harder to enroll families, and the stress of doing the work really increased for the staff.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“All of those pressures together are just putting enormous stress on the system.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">TK was established in California a decade ago to provide an extra year of schooling for kids who narrowly miss the cutoff to go to kindergarten. Last year, California lawmakers transformed the state’s early learning system by committing $2.7 billion toward expanding the program to all 4-year-olds. \u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was a victory for advocates, who asserted that a universal program will lift children’s early development and lead to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.crocus.georgetown.edu/#_ga=2.34377573.530940750.1663795469-1280683115.1663795469\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">long-term success\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, such as a greater likelihood of graduating high school and attending college. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">By the 2025-26 school year, universal TK could cover more than 300,000 children. To ensure that they get the attention they need, state law requires significantly lowering the student-to-teacher ratio. In previous years, a teacher could lead a TK classroom of up to 31 students. But starting this school year, the ratio dramatically lowered to one teacher for every 12 students.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The demand will require \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/product/ca-transitional-kindergarten-workforce-brief\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">upward of 15,500 new teachers and 19,500 teacher aides\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> by full implementation, according to estimates by the Learning Policy Institute in Palo Alto. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tens of thousands of teachers at home- or community-based preschools who already have a college degree and experience working with 4-year-olds \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/publications/data-snapshot/double-or-nothing-potential-tk-wages-for-californias-early-educators/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">could be qualified to teach TK\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. In the Bay Area, a preschool teacher making an average salary of $51,500 could earn nearly $85,000 teaching TK, according to the Center for the Study of Child Care Employment at UC Berkeley.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The state agency in charge of licensing professional educators is working to adopt a credentialing program to teach TK through third grade, and California is investing more than $2.5 billion to train new teachers. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s fantastic to see, finally, doors are opening for early childhood educators that are beginning to lead to professional wages,” said Scott Moore, CEO of Kidango, the largest provider of subsidized preschools in the Bay Area. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He said that although his nonprofit has been able to raise teacher salaries from a minimum wage of $11 per hour six years ago to $20 per hour now — and soon, he hopes, a living wage of $26 per hour — it won’t be able to compete with school districts that can provide pensions, retirement and better health care benefits. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“These are things that teachers deserve and need. So while we know that it means we’ve got to lose some teachers, and that’s hard, we know it’s best for them,” he said. “It makes us work harder to increase our wages and benefits even more.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He believes more competitive salaries will attract new workers and create a pipeline of teachers starting in early childhood education and advancing to higher grade levels.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the meantime, child care providers are offering retention bonuses, pay raises, mental health support and other incentives to try to keep the teachers they have. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At Old Gallinas Children’s Center in San Rafael, providers closed three classrooms to avoid staff burnout. The school strictly requires one teacher for every eight children. When the omicron variant was spreading in the spring and teachers were calling in sick, managers scrambled to meet that ratio. When they couldn’t, they called parents, sometimes at the last minute, to cancel class.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It was really a huge struggle. (I felt) like sometimes crying because really you didn’t want to do it and there was not any other option,” said the school’s site manager, Iris Marin-Lima. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before the pandemic, the nonprofit that operates Old Gallinas and other Head Start sites in Marin County served more than 1,000 kids, a majority of them from immigrant households and beginning to learn English. Today, just under 500 are enrolled, according to Chandra Alexandre, CEO of Community Action Marin. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although the county has a reputation of being one of the nation’s wealthiest, census figures show 6% of residents live in poverty.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many providers blend federal and state funding to better pay teachers and offer year-round, full-day preschool to accommodate working families. Moore, the CEO of Kidango in Fremont, said higher state reimbursement rates for serving 3-year-olds, dual language learners and children with special needs has allowed him to increase wages.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Local governments are also stepping up.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In San Francisco, more than 2,000 teachers and assistant teachers are getting a bump in their paychecks this month as the city institutes a $28-per-hour minimum wage by relying on funds from a commercial real estate tax that was passed by voters. In Alameda County, voters passed a sales tax measure in March 2020 to boost child care workers’ wages, but the money is being held in an account pending a legal challenge by a taxpayers’ association.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Meanwhile, the National Head Start Association is lobbying Congress to increase compensation for teachers by at least $2.5 billion per year. In a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://nhsa.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/2022.05-Workforce-Brief.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">survey of 900 Head Start grant recipients\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> nationwide, 90% said they closed classrooms, either temporarily or permanently, due to lack of staff, and 57% said low pay was the top reason for teachers’ departures.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maricle said Head Start salaries have not kept pace with the program’s increasingly rigorous requirements for teachers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“What we need is for Congress to continue the conversation it had during COVID, which revealed the importance of early childhood care to the entire economy, and pay the people who get bachelor’s degrees and special training in early brain development … those people should be paid professional wages,” he said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: A previous version of this story omitted the full last name of Old Gallinas Children Center’s site manager, as well as an attribution for data about the number of Head Start children served in Marin County.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Oakland Writers Ayodele Nzinga and Leila Mottley\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, we welcome two contemporary Oakland authors: Leila Mottley and Dr. Ayodele Nzinga. Mottley is an Oakland Youth Poet Laureate, who at just 19 years old published “Nightcrawling” — an immersive novel and an Oprah’s Book Club selection — based on local events. She’s joined by Oakland’s inaugural Poet Laureate, Dr. Ayodele Nzinga, who shines not only as an author but also as a director, actor and educator. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Leila Mottley, “Nightcrawling” author\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ayodele Nzinga, Oakland Poet Laureate\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This Week in California News and Politics\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Mayor London Breed, together with San Francisco Police Chief Bill Scott and San Francisco District Attorney Brooke Jenkins, announced a renewed push to prosecute drug dealers while also helping people dealing with substance use disorder. We talk with \u003c/span>\u003cb>Scott Shafer,\u003c/b> \u003cb>KQED politics and government senior editor\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, who spoke with Mayor Breed this week.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: West Oakland Mural Project\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The West Oakland Mural Project highlights the vital role women played in the revolutionary Black Panther Party.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>A newly formed coalition of Oakland parents, who say they are fed up with the state of their kids’ public school education, plan to present a resolution Thursday night that could give them a seat at the table during the Oakland Unified School District’s negotiations with the teachers union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This coalition is made up of two parent groups: CA Parent Power, composed of typically more white and affluent families in Oakland hills schools, and The Oakland REACH, which advocates for Black and Latinx families from the city’s flatlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lakisha Young, founder, The Oakland REACH\"]‘When you think about the piss-poor education outcomes of our kids, the parents that we believe need to be most at the table are the parents who want to be at the table in a meaningful way.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you think about the piss-poor education outcomes of our kids, the parents that we believe need to be most at the table are the parents who want to be at the table in a meaningful way,” said Lakisha Young, founder of The Oakland REACH and one of the parents calling for the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resolution asks the board to allow families a chance for meaningful input on all labor agreement proposals, including collective bargaining agreements (CBAs) and memoranda of understanding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those negotiations are just getting underway this week as the current contract ends October 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gary Yee, president of the Oakland Unified School District board, said in an interview he is inclined to put the resolution on the agenda for full board discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yee said the board should consider the parents’ request after two and a half years of dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic that had them helping teach kids from home and working to keep them safe at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The pandemic awakened a generation of parents to the awful reality that student outcomes in California, and especially in districts like Oakland, have been poor for decades,” said Megan Bacigalupi, a founder of the CA Parent Power group, in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the district and the teachers union would have to agree to parents’ participation in the bargaining process, according to Felix De la Torre, general counsel with the California Public Employment Relations Board. Neither the school district nor the Oakland Education Association has commented on the parents’ proposal yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11915396,news_11921954,news_11920137\" label=\"Related Posts\"]One phase of the negotiating process, called “sunshining,” does allow for public participation. During this period, both the union and the district decide which issues they want to bargain over and disclose those to each other. Under state labor laws, the public has a chance to comment during sunshining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the California School Boards Association called parent participation “a negotiable item and possible if both parties accept that condition. At the same time, no individual party can unilaterally include parents, nor can parents insist on attending negotiations independent of an agreement between the district and union to do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new parent coalition is pushing for official support from the district to bring informed parents into the sunshining phase of negotiations, claiming there is a lack of transparency, leaving parents in the dark and unable to take advantage of the moments when they can, in fact, legally have a say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These parents serve different constituents — but are coming together for this common goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given our partnership in coalition with the families in the hills, they need the bridge created as well,” Young said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young started The Oakland REACH in 2016, to empower Black and Latinx parents to advocate for their children. During the pandemic, fearful that flatlands kids were being left behind in distance learning, Young’s group began offering \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11879097/the-secret-sauce-how-a-parent-led-project-is-reimagining-public-schools-for-oaklands-black-and-latino-students\">tutoring and classes that showed results\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA Parent Power, led by Bacigalupi, began in 2020 in response to what some families perceived as a slow response to the reopening of schools during the pandemic, and was largely critical of teachers at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both groups share a distrust in the ability of the teachers union and the Oakland school district to represent their children’s interests during contract negotiations. They point to a long-term failure of Oakland Unified to improve student reading outcomes — with \u003ca href=\"https://www.caschooldashboard.org/reports/01612590000000/2019\">46.9% of Oakland students currently reading below grade level\u003c/a>, and 70.9% performing below grade level in math.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keta Brown, another Oakland REACH parent, has looked at the language around the collective bargaining agreement, and she doesn’t see “kids” mentioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You got to make certain that the consumer, which is these babies, are a part of your process and that you are keeping them at the forefront,” said Brown, who lives in an area of East Oakland where neighborhood schools have dismal math and reading scores. (She said she’s lucky she got her daughter into Edna Brewer Middle School, one of the district’s stronger middle schools. She commutes 25 minutes each way to get her child to and from school.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland Educators Association has long made the case that, when it negotiates on behalf of teachers to increase pay and improve working conditions, it is in fact advocating for students. Research shows \u003ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w6691\">a quality teacher in a classroom is the strongest predictor of student success\u003c/a>. OUSD’s strategic plan currently is focused on improving student literacy and teacher quality and diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some families that have experienced failure over generations, and don’t want to wait any longer for meaningful change, want to better understand and hopefully shape the next three-year contract that they say will affect their kids’ education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you think about the piss-poor education outcomes of our kids, the parents that we believe need to be most at the table are the parents who want to be at the table in a meaningful way,” said Lakisha Young, founder of The Oakland REACH and one of the parents calling for the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resolution asks the board to allow families a chance for meaningful input on all labor agreement proposals, including collective bargaining agreements (CBAs) and memoranda of understanding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those negotiations are just getting underway this week as the current contract ends October 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gary Yee, president of the Oakland Unified School District board, said in an interview he is inclined to put the resolution on the agenda for full board discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yee said the board should consider the parents’ request after two and a half years of dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic that had them helping teach kids from home and working to keep them safe at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The pandemic awakened a generation of parents to the awful reality that student outcomes in California, and especially in districts like Oakland, have been poor for decades,” said Megan Bacigalupi, a founder of the CA Parent Power group, in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the district and the teachers union would have to agree to parents’ participation in the bargaining process, according to Felix De la Torre, general counsel with the California Public Employment Relations Board. Neither the school district nor the Oakland Education Association has commented on the parents’ proposal yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young started The Oakland REACH in 2016, to empower Black and Latinx parents to advocate for their children. During the pandemic, fearful that flatlands kids were being left behind in distance learning, Young’s group began offering \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11879097/the-secret-sauce-how-a-parent-led-project-is-reimagining-public-schools-for-oaklands-black-and-latino-students\">tutoring and classes that showed results\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA Parent Power, led by Bacigalupi, began in 2020 in response to what some families perceived as a slow response to the reopening of schools during the pandemic, and was largely critical of teachers at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both groups share a distrust in the ability of the teachers union and the Oakland school district to represent their children’s interests during contract negotiations. They point to a long-term failure of Oakland Unified to improve student reading outcomes — with \u003ca href=\"https://www.caschooldashboard.org/reports/01612590000000/2019\">46.9% of Oakland students currently reading below grade level\u003c/a>, and 70.9% performing below grade level in math.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keta Brown, another Oakland REACH parent, has looked at the language around the collective bargaining agreement, and she doesn’t see “kids” mentioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You got to make certain that the consumer, which is these babies, are a part of your process and that you are keeping them at the forefront,” said Brown, who lives in an area of East Oakland where neighborhood schools have dismal math and reading scores. (She said she’s lucky she got her daughter into Edna Brewer Middle School, one of the district’s stronger middle schools. She commutes 25 minutes each way to get her child to and from school.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland Educators Association has long made the case that, when it negotiates on behalf of teachers to increase pay and improve working conditions, it is in fact advocating for students. Research shows \u003ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w6691\">a quality teacher in a classroom is the strongest predictor of student success\u003c/a>. OUSD’s strategic plan currently is focused on improving student literacy and teacher quality and diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some families that have experienced failure over generations, and don’t want to wait any longer for meaningful change, want to better understand and hopefully shape the next three-year contract that they say will affect their kids’ education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Amid significant teacher shortages in school districts throughout California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cta.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Voices-from-the-Classroom-CTA-Survey-Deck.pdf\">a new survey (PDF)\u003c/a> of thousands of educators depicts a profession marked heavily by burnout and job dissatisfaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Close to half of teachers are thinking about leaving the profession in the next three years,” said Tyrone Howard, co-faculty director of UCLA’s Center for the Transformation of Schools, which produced the report in collaboration with the California Teachers Association and Hart Research Associates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers polled more than 4,600 TK-12th grade teachers across the state between May 24 and June 6. The findings show that while many teachers find their work rewarding, a majority said they felt exhausted and stressed — with burnout cited as the top reason for leaving the profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings come as many large and small districts across the state scramble to fill \u003ca href=\"https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/product-files/Teacher_Shortages_During_Pandemic_REPORT.pdf#page=13\">significant teacher vacancies in their schools (PDF)\u003c/a>, part of a longstanding problem made worse during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101887906,mindshift_59821,mindshift_59018\"]Other factors impacting teacher retention include heavy workload, low pay and escalating living costs, with some 80% of survey respondents saying it was difficult to find affordable housing close to where they teach. Many also cited a lack of support from district administrators. And a significant portion of teachers of color and LGBTQ+ educators surveyed said they had experienced discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard recently discussed the survey with KQED morning host Brian Watt. Here’s an excerpt of their conversation, which has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>BRIAN WATT: Tell us more about the findings and how they relate to keeping teachers in the classroom.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>TYRONE HOWARD\u003c/strong>: So these data were deeply troubling on a lot of levels because we know the pandemic has really been difficult for a lot of folks — educators included. But these data really lifted up how teachers are exhausted, stressed, frustrated (and) overwhelmed. In many ways, I think these educators are telling us that they’re beyond burnout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I remember feeling like teachers were stressed, exhausted and overwhelmed before the pandemic. Do you think that the pandemic just made these trends worse or more evident?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not an “either/or.” I think it’s a “both.” Our data show about 77% of our respondents saying that things have changed for the worse, compared to where they were prior to the pandemic. And I think during the pandemic, the general public got a bit of a sense of what it meant to educate young people, because lots of parents and caregivers were doing that at home. So I think there’s been a larger awareness that the general public cares about the difficulties of teaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One of the other things that struck me in this survey is the experience of teachers of color, in particular. Just over 60% of Black teachers and half of Asian American and Pacific Islander teachers reported having experienced racial discrimination in their current position. What does this tell you about school support?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What it tells me is that we have a lot of work to do. Because, on the one hand, we talk about creating inclusive and supportive spaces for our students, but yet we’ve not done that as adults when it comes to our staff. My concern becomes, if the adults don’t feel safe, what does that say for the students who are from those same ethnic and racial backgrounds? So there’s a lot of work that needs to be done with regard to how we create truly inclusive, safe and affirming spaces for all educators, regardless of their ethnic or racial backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What might an episode of racial discrimination for a teacher of color look like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can manifest in so many different ways — implicit and explicit.\u003cbr>\nFrom an explicit standpoint, what happens in schools is that frequently teachers of color are the primary advocates for students of color. And so when there’s an issue of what some might perceive as unfair treatment, when there’s an issue of what some might consider to be overlooking or under-serving certain students of color, it’s typically the teacher of color who says, ‘Wait a minute, that’s not fair. That’s not what we should be doing as educators.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they raise those issues, oftentimes they are quick to be shut down and told that those things aren’t real, or they’re quick to be told that you only are concerned about the Black students or the Asian students, or they’re told that you need to mind your business. So they’re told to stay in their place and keep quiet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Dr. Tyrone Howard, co-faculty director, UCLA’s Center for the Transformation of Schools\"]‘We talk about creating inclusive and supportive spaces for our students, but yet we’ve not done that as adults when it comes to our staff.’[/pullquote]From an implicit standpoint, it happens where teachers of color are sitting in meetings and they raise questions or they ask about issues. But yet there’s no recognition of those points. There’s no affirmation of their concerns or this subtle sort of passing-over of those teachers of color for leadership opportunities. What we learn from this data is that those Black teachers and those Asian American teachers said that they feel like they can’t be their authentic selves. And that’s deeply troubling because we say we want to have a more diverse teaching field here in the state of California. But if these are the experiences of many teachers of color, we’re not doing well to attract more folks of color into the profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Given the results of this survey in the findings, how can retention be improved, especially among teachers of color?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data are very clear about what educators think are important. No. 1 is better pay, (which) would go a long way to increase teacher satisfaction. We know that smaller class sizes would be another step in the right direction. A number of the educators that we spoke to said that strengthening discipline policies around disruptive behavior would be a step in the right direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as it pertains to teachers of color, we know that there is an ask for a greater focus on diverse and inclusive workspaces. That means we have to have leaders in schools who are willing to talk about the racial ethnic makeup of our schools, and talk about how we can best support teachers across the ethnic and racial spectrum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You’ve mentioned that many people take pay cuts in order to enter the teaching profession. Are you worried that the sentiments this poll uncovered are going to deter even the most inspired people from giving teaching a try?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely. That’s one of the underlying concerns that I have. While this gives us a snapshot of the current state of affairs for educators, there are also some key points that may scare folks off. One of the data points that was really disturbing for me is that a significant number of teachers said they oftentimes don’t make a living wage; they are not having their basic needs met. So if you’re someone who really wants to make a difference in our society by way of teaching, and you hear things like, “I’m burned out, I can’t make a living wage. I’m constantly under attack from my political beliefs. I don’t feel supported,” … that’s not going to really sort of excite people to enter into our profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is not only about a “here and now” moment in terms of education. It’s about what our field looks like in the next five to 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Other factors impacting teacher retention include heavy workload, low pay and escalating living costs, with some 80% of survey respondents saying it was difficult to find affordable housing close to where they teach. Many also cited a lack of support from district administrators. And a significant portion of teachers of color and LGBTQ+ educators surveyed said they had experienced discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard recently discussed the survey with KQED morning host Brian Watt. Here’s an excerpt of their conversation, which has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>BRIAN WATT: Tell us more about the findings and how they relate to keeping teachers in the classroom.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>TYRONE HOWARD\u003c/strong>: So these data were deeply troubling on a lot of levels because we know the pandemic has really been difficult for a lot of folks — educators included. But these data really lifted up how teachers are exhausted, stressed, frustrated (and) overwhelmed. In many ways, I think these educators are telling us that they’re beyond burnout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I remember feeling like teachers were stressed, exhausted and overwhelmed before the pandemic. Do you think that the pandemic just made these trends worse or more evident?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not an “either/or.” I think it’s a “both.” Our data show about 77% of our respondents saying that things have changed for the worse, compared to where they were prior to the pandemic. And I think during the pandemic, the general public got a bit of a sense of what it meant to educate young people, because lots of parents and caregivers were doing that at home. So I think there’s been a larger awareness that the general public cares about the difficulties of teaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One of the other things that struck me in this survey is the experience of teachers of color, in particular. Just over 60% of Black teachers and half of Asian American and Pacific Islander teachers reported having experienced racial discrimination in their current position. What does this tell you about school support?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What it tells me is that we have a lot of work to do. Because, on the one hand, we talk about creating inclusive and supportive spaces for our students, but yet we’ve not done that as adults when it comes to our staff. My concern becomes, if the adults don’t feel safe, what does that say for the students who are from those same ethnic and racial backgrounds? So there’s a lot of work that needs to be done with regard to how we create truly inclusive, safe and affirming spaces for all educators, regardless of their ethnic or racial backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What might an episode of racial discrimination for a teacher of color look like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can manifest in so many different ways — implicit and explicit.\u003cbr>\nFrom an explicit standpoint, what happens in schools is that frequently teachers of color are the primary advocates for students of color. And so when there’s an issue of what some might perceive as unfair treatment, when there’s an issue of what some might consider to be overlooking or under-serving certain students of color, it’s typically the teacher of color who says, ‘Wait a minute, that’s not fair. That’s not what we should be doing as educators.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they raise those issues, oftentimes they are quick to be shut down and told that those things aren’t real, or they’re quick to be told that you only are concerned about the Black students or the Asian students, or they’re told that you need to mind your business. So they’re told to stay in their place and keep quiet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>From an implicit standpoint, it happens where teachers of color are sitting in meetings and they raise questions or they ask about issues. But yet there’s no recognition of those points. There’s no affirmation of their concerns or this subtle sort of passing-over of those teachers of color for leadership opportunities. What we learn from this data is that those Black teachers and those Asian American teachers said that they feel like they can’t be their authentic selves. And that’s deeply troubling because we say we want to have a more diverse teaching field here in the state of California. But if these are the experiences of many teachers of color, we’re not doing well to attract more folks of color into the profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Given the results of this survey in the findings, how can retention be improved, especially among teachers of color?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data are very clear about what educators think are important. No. 1 is better pay, (which) would go a long way to increase teacher satisfaction. We know that smaller class sizes would be another step in the right direction. A number of the educators that we spoke to said that strengthening discipline policies around disruptive behavior would be a step in the right direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as it pertains to teachers of color, we know that there is an ask for a greater focus on diverse and inclusive workspaces. That means we have to have leaders in schools who are willing to talk about the racial ethnic makeup of our schools, and talk about how we can best support teachers across the ethnic and racial spectrum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You’ve mentioned that many people take pay cuts in order to enter the teaching profession. Are you worried that the sentiments this poll uncovered are going to deter even the most inspired people from giving teaching a try?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely. That’s one of the underlying concerns that I have. While this gives us a snapshot of the current state of affairs for educators, there are also some key points that may scare folks off. One of the data points that was really disturbing for me is that a significant number of teachers said they oftentimes don’t make a living wage; they are not having their basic needs met. So if you’re someone who really wants to make a difference in our society by way of teaching, and you hear things like, “I’m burned out, I can’t make a living wage. I’m constantly under attack from my political beliefs. I don’t feel supported,” … that’s not going to really sort of excite people to enter into our profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is not only about a “here and now” moment in terms of education. It’s about what our field looks like in the next five to 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Oakland’s Wood Street Encampment\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to The San Francisco Chronicle, the largest tent city in Northern California is the Wood Street encampment in Oakland, stretching more than 25 city blocks. Caltrans is in the process of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11925169/residents-activists-decry-evictions-at-oaklands-largest-homeless-encampment\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">clearing the site\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which was home to an estimated 200 residents when evictions began this summer.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Out of all the states in the nation, California has the highest concentration of people who don’t have a home. The latest count, from two years ago, indicated that 161,000 people in the state were unhoused. The problem is — in part — a serious lack of housing across the state. We talk with \u003c/span>\u003cb>Oakland City Councilmember Carroll Fife (District 3)\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Midterm Election 2022 Preview\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">New legislation lives and dies this week by a stroke of Gov. Gavin Newsom’s pen. Which bills will he sign into law, and which are getting tossed aside? We talk with KQED’s politics and government team about the important races and ballot measures in the coming midterm election. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scott Shafer, KQED politics and government senior editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, KQED politics and government correspondent\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guy Marzorati, KQED politics and government reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Chabot Space and Science Center\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For over a century, Californians have peered into the universe from the telescopes of the Chabot Space and Science Center. After three years, Chabot has reopened its doors to field trips, welcoming the next generation of astronomers, astronauts and dreamers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Oakland’s Wood Street Encampment\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to The San Francisco Chronicle, the largest tent city in Northern California is the Wood Street encampment in Oakland, stretching more than 25 city blocks. Caltrans is in the process of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11925169/residents-activists-decry-evictions-at-oaklands-largest-homeless-encampment\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">clearing the site\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which was home to an estimated 200 residents when evictions began this summer.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Out of all the states in the nation, California has the highest concentration of people who don’t have a home. The latest count, from two years ago, indicated that 161,000 people in the state were unhoused. The problem is — in part — a serious lack of housing across the state. We talk with \u003c/span>\u003cb>Oakland City Councilmember Carroll Fife (District 3)\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Midterm Election 2022 Preview\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">New legislation lives and dies this week by a stroke of Gov. Gavin Newsom’s pen. Which bills will he sign into law, and which are getting tossed aside? We talk with KQED’s politics and government team about the important races and ballot measures in the coming midterm election. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scott Shafer, KQED politics and government senior editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, KQED politics and government correspondent\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guy Marzorati, KQED politics and government reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Chabot Space and Science Center\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For over a century, Californians have peered into the universe from the telescopes of the Chabot Space and Science Center. After three years, Chabot has reopened its doors to field trips, welcoming the next generation of astronomers, astronauts and dreamers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/espanol-financial-aid-season-what-you-need-to-know-212d885e9b92707de45f36827c9a4586\">\u003cstrong>Leer en español.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/h/apply-for-aid/fafsa\">Free Application for Federal Student Aid\u003c/a> filing season starts October 1 for the 2023-2024 school year. If you plan to attend college next year, experts say you might want to fill out the FAFSA application as close to the opening date as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many institutions award financial aid on a first-come, first-serve basis. Karen McCarthy, vice president of public policy and federal relations from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasfaa.org/\">National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators\u003c/a>, recommends students get started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a good idea to do it on the earlier side,” said McCarthy. “Whenever (colleges) run out of money, then that’s all the funding they have for the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether this is your first or fifth time filling out the application, here are some recommendations and background for completing this process and getting financial aid for your college career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whofafsa\">Who should fill out my FAFSA, and how?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whenfafsa\">When should I fill out the FAFSA for fall 2023-2024?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#renewfafsa\">Do I need to renew my FAFSA?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#parentsfafsa\">How should I work with my parents to fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#mistakefafsa\">What if I make a mistake filling out my FAFSA?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>How does FAFSA work?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The FAFSA is a free government application that uses financial information from you and \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/articles/parents-understanding-fafsa/\">your family\u003c/a> to determine whether you can get financial aid from the federal government to pay for college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAFSA will send your financial information to \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/filling-out/school-list\">the schools listed in the application that you are interested in attending — up to 10 schools\u003c/a>. Each school that admits you will send you a financial aid package. The amount of financial aid you get depends on each institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This application is also used to determine eligibility for other federal student aid programs, like work-study and loans, as well as state and school aid. Sometimes, private, merit-based scholarships also require FAFSA information to determine whether you qualify for their specific aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Completing the FAFSA is probably the single most important thing you can do to get in line for scholarships, grants and other federal financial aid for college,” said Rick Castellano, vice president of corporate communications at Sallie Mae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nitro College, a website that offers advice for college students, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nitrocollege.com/fafsa-guide\">a step-by-step guide listing all the questions in the FAFSA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whofafsa\">\u003c/a>Who should fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Anyone planning to attend college next year should fill out the FAFSA. Many decide not to apply, thinking their family’s income is too high to be considered, but McCarthy recommends all students fill out the application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no commitment, there’s no charge,” said McCarthy. “See what happens, you may be surprised. And if not, you have it on file in case you change your mind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students and parents can use the \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/aid-estimator/\">federal student aid estimator\u003c/a> to get an early approximation of their financial package.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first step is to \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/fsa-id/create-account/launch\">create an FSA ID\u003c/a> to help you log into your account electronically. If you are a dependent student, your parents also will need to create an account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before starting your application, McCarthy recommends using your permanent personal email, one that is “available to you and that you check regularly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the documents you will need to fill out your FAFSA application:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Your Social Security number\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your driver’s license number, if you have one\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your green card number, if you are not a U.S. citizen\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your federal income tax returns, W-2s and other records of money earned\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your bank statements and records of investments\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your records of untaxed income\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The application offers the option to get your federal tax return information from \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/help-center/answers/article/what-is-irs-drt\">the IRS data retrieval tool\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarthy also recommends students use their physical Social Security card when they fill out the application, not only to make sure they use the right number, but to double-check their name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s much easier to avoid an issue in the first place,” said McCarthy. Some students who use their middle name in their daily lives make the mistake of listing it as their first name on the application, she said. This causes issues with the application that will need to be resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whenfafsa\">\u003c/a>When should I fill out the FAFSA for fall 2023-2024?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meeting deadlines is important to avoid missing out on any possible financial aid you might receive. Aside from the federal deadline, students need to know whether their state also has a deadline to be considered for financial aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAFSA application for the 2023-2024 year opens on October 1 and must be submitted by June 30, 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each state has different deadlines for financial aid. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/fafsa-deadlines#state\">California has a March 2, 2023, deadline\u003c/a> for many state financial aid programs, but has different deadlines for others.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"renewfafsa\">\u003c/a>Do I have to renew my FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The FAFSA needs to be filled out every year you plan to attend college. However, it usually becomes easier to navigate the process after you’ve done it once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel a lot faster every year,” said Haley Campbell Garcia, 28, who filled out the FAFSA for the first time in 2013 and has filled it out every year since, for her undergraduate and graduate degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/renew\">renew your application\u003c/a>, some information is already pre-filled, but tax information and other items need to be updated.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"parentsfafsa\">\u003c/a>What information do I need from my parents for the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you are filing as a dependent student, you’ll need to provide the financial information of at least one parent. If you list both parents, you need to know how they filed their tax return — jointly or separately — and their official marital status, said McCarthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems like it should be obvious, but sometimes people don’t necessarily know whether their parents are separated or actually divorced,” said McCarthy. You can find the official marital status of your parents by checking their tax return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/fsa-id/create-account/launch\">Parents need to create their own FSA IDs.\u003c/a> When your parents fill out the application, they can manually input their tax return information or use the IRS data retrieval tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents will need this information to fill out the FAFSA:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Social Security number or green card number (if they are not U.S. citizens)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Federal income tax returns, W-2s and other records of money earned\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If a student is applying for the 2023-2024 school year, parents need to use their 2021 federal tax return information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have questions about income information, you can call the federal student aid office at (800) 433-3243.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if my parents are noncitizens when I fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Your parents’ citizenship status does not affect your eligibility for student aid. The application doesn’t ask for your parents’ legal status in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your parent does not have a Social Security number, students should enter all zeros on the application. Also, parents without a Social Security number won’t need to create an FSA ID, but will need to sign the application by printing and mailing it to the financial aid office so the student’s application gets processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/filling-out/parent-info#unwilling-parents\">For more details on noncitizen parents, you can visit studentaid.gov.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can I speak with my parents about the FAFSA when they’re never done it before?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Whether you are a first-generation college student or your parents are immigrants, having to explain the FAFSA to them can be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way Jessica Sansarran, a 25-year-old resident of Orlando, Florida, approached this issue was by reading FAFSA guides to her parents and communicating her frustrations with the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told them, ‘You know, this is complicated for me, too,’” said Sansarran, whose parents are from Guyana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anastasia Acerno, 21, approached the process similarly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would just ask my parents for all their tax documentation, wait for them to find it, and then just ask them the questions myself, instead of having them go through the application,” said Acerno, who graduated from the University of Albany.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if my financial circumstances have changed since 2021?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/fafsa/announcements/changes-family-financial-situation?src=trending\">If your (or your family’s) financial situation has drastically changed\u003c/a>, you need to contact the specific institution that you are planning to attend. Each college handles special circumstances differently, said McCarthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When will I receive my FAFSA financial aid package?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/help-center/answers/article/next-steps-after-submitting-fafsa\">FAFSA applications take three to five days to process\u003c/a>, according to the student aid website. However, when you receive your financial aid package will depend on your institution. Usually, students get their financial aid package shortly after their admission offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"mistakefafsa\">\u003c/a>What if I made a mistake on my FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/review-and-correct/correct\">If you made a mistake filling out your application\u003c/a>, you need to correct your FAFSA form. You can do this by logging in with your FSA ID, going to the “My FAFSA” page and selecting “make corrections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, if the changes cannot be made through the FAFSA portal, students will need to reach out to their institution’s financial aid office to make corrections.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if my financial aid is not enough to pay for my college?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If the financial aid package from the college you plan to attend will not cover your college expenses, there are alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can look into scholarships that might help lower the cost of attending college, or \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/understand-aid/types/loans/subsidized-unsubsidized\">student loans\u003c/a>. There are two types of student loans: federal and private. Federal student loans usually offer lower interest rates than private loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find more help to fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/\">A lot of information about the FAFSA can be found on the studentaid.gov website\u003c/a>, but if you have more specific questions, you can speak with the financial aid office of your desired institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From filling out basic questions to a more in-depth understanding of your financial aid package, your college or community college’s financial aid office can help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Yvette Solano’s case, she requested help from someone in the financial aid office who spoke Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me, it was about feeling comfortable asking questions and understanding the information,” said Solano, 25, who attended San Diego City College and graduated from Cal State, Los Angeles this summer. “You shouldn’t be ashamed of asking for help.” \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/espanol-financial-aid-season-what-you-need-to-know-212d885e9b92707de45f36827c9a4586\">\u003cstrong>Read the guide to applying for the FAFSA in Spanish.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarthy also recommends looking for college access organizations that provide free help completing the FAFSA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students or parents can also \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/help-center/contact#all-aid-fsaic\">call, email or live-chat with the Federal Student Aid Information Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press receives support from the Charles Schwab Foundation for educational and explanatory reporting to improve financial literacy. The independent foundation is separate from Charles Schwab and Co. Inc. The AP is solely responsible for its journalism.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/espanol-financial-aid-season-what-you-need-to-know-212d885e9b92707de45f36827c9a4586\">\u003cstrong>Leer en español.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/h/apply-for-aid/fafsa\">Free Application for Federal Student Aid\u003c/a> filing season starts October 1 for the 2023-2024 school year. If you plan to attend college next year, experts say you might want to fill out the FAFSA application as close to the opening date as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many institutions award financial aid on a first-come, first-serve basis. Karen McCarthy, vice president of public policy and federal relations from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasfaa.org/\">National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators\u003c/a>, recommends students get started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a good idea to do it on the earlier side,” said McCarthy. “Whenever (colleges) run out of money, then that’s all the funding they have for the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether this is your first or fifth time filling out the application, here are some recommendations and background for completing this process and getting financial aid for your college career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whofafsa\">Who should fill out my FAFSA, and how?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whenfafsa\">When should I fill out the FAFSA for fall 2023-2024?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#renewfafsa\">Do I need to renew my FAFSA?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#parentsfafsa\">How should I work with my parents to fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#mistakefafsa\">What if I make a mistake filling out my FAFSA?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>How does FAFSA work?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The FAFSA is a free government application that uses financial information from you and \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/articles/parents-understanding-fafsa/\">your family\u003c/a> to determine whether you can get financial aid from the federal government to pay for college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAFSA will send your financial information to \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/filling-out/school-list\">the schools listed in the application that you are interested in attending — up to 10 schools\u003c/a>. Each school that admits you will send you a financial aid package. The amount of financial aid you get depends on each institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This application is also used to determine eligibility for other federal student aid programs, like work-study and loans, as well as state and school aid. Sometimes, private, merit-based scholarships also require FAFSA information to determine whether you qualify for their specific aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Completing the FAFSA is probably the single most important thing you can do to get in line for scholarships, grants and other federal financial aid for college,” said Rick Castellano, vice president of corporate communications at Sallie Mae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nitro College, a website that offers advice for college students, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nitrocollege.com/fafsa-guide\">a step-by-step guide listing all the questions in the FAFSA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whofafsa\">\u003c/a>Who should fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Anyone planning to attend college next year should fill out the FAFSA. Many decide not to apply, thinking their family’s income is too high to be considered, but McCarthy recommends all students fill out the application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no commitment, there’s no charge,” said McCarthy. “See what happens, you may be surprised. And if not, you have it on file in case you change your mind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students and parents can use the \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/aid-estimator/\">federal student aid estimator\u003c/a> to get an early approximation of their financial package.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first step is to \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/fsa-id/create-account/launch\">create an FSA ID\u003c/a> to help you log into your account electronically. If you are a dependent student, your parents also will need to create an account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before starting your application, McCarthy recommends using your permanent personal email, one that is “available to you and that you check regularly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the documents you will need to fill out your FAFSA application:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Your Social Security number\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your driver’s license number, if you have one\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your green card number, if you are not a U.S. citizen\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your federal income tax returns, W-2s and other records of money earned\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your bank statements and records of investments\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your records of untaxed income\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The application offers the option to get your federal tax return information from \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/help-center/answers/article/what-is-irs-drt\">the IRS data retrieval tool\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarthy also recommends students use their physical Social Security card when they fill out the application, not only to make sure they use the right number, but to double-check their name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s much easier to avoid an issue in the first place,” said McCarthy. Some students who use their middle name in their daily lives make the mistake of listing it as their first name on the application, she said. This causes issues with the application that will need to be resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whenfafsa\">\u003c/a>When should I fill out the FAFSA for fall 2023-2024?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meeting deadlines is important to avoid missing out on any possible financial aid you might receive. Aside from the federal deadline, students need to know whether their state also has a deadline to be considered for financial aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAFSA application for the 2023-2024 year opens on October 1 and must be submitted by June 30, 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each state has different deadlines for financial aid. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/fafsa-deadlines#state\">California has a March 2, 2023, deadline\u003c/a> for many state financial aid programs, but has different deadlines for others.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"renewfafsa\">\u003c/a>Do I have to renew my FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The FAFSA needs to be filled out every year you plan to attend college. However, it usually becomes easier to navigate the process after you’ve done it once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel a lot faster every year,” said Haley Campbell Garcia, 28, who filled out the FAFSA for the first time in 2013 and has filled it out every year since, for her undergraduate and graduate degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/renew\">renew your application\u003c/a>, some information is already pre-filled, but tax information and other items need to be updated.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"parentsfafsa\">\u003c/a>What information do I need from my parents for the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you are filing as a dependent student, you’ll need to provide the financial information of at least one parent. If you list both parents, you need to know how they filed their tax return — jointly or separately — and their official marital status, said McCarthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems like it should be obvious, but sometimes people don’t necessarily know whether their parents are separated or actually divorced,” said McCarthy. You can find the official marital status of your parents by checking their tax return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/fsa-id/create-account/launch\">Parents need to create their own FSA IDs.\u003c/a> When your parents fill out the application, they can manually input their tax return information or use the IRS data retrieval tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents will need this information to fill out the FAFSA:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Social Security number or green card number (if they are not U.S. citizens)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Federal income tax returns, W-2s and other records of money earned\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If a student is applying for the 2023-2024 school year, parents need to use their 2021 federal tax return information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have questions about income information, you can call the federal student aid office at (800) 433-3243.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if my parents are noncitizens when I fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Your parents’ citizenship status does not affect your eligibility for student aid. The application doesn’t ask for your parents’ legal status in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your parent does not have a Social Security number, students should enter all zeros on the application. Also, parents without a Social Security number won’t need to create an FSA ID, but will need to sign the application by printing and mailing it to the financial aid office so the student’s application gets processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/filling-out/parent-info#unwilling-parents\">For more details on noncitizen parents, you can visit studentaid.gov.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can I speak with my parents about the FAFSA when they’re never done it before?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Whether you are a first-generation college student or your parents are immigrants, having to explain the FAFSA to them can be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way Jessica Sansarran, a 25-year-old resident of Orlando, Florida, approached this issue was by reading FAFSA guides to her parents and communicating her frustrations with the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told them, ‘You know, this is complicated for me, too,’” said Sansarran, whose parents are from Guyana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anastasia Acerno, 21, approached the process similarly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would just ask my parents for all their tax documentation, wait for them to find it, and then just ask them the questions myself, instead of having them go through the application,” said Acerno, who graduated from the University of Albany.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if my financial circumstances have changed since 2021?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/fafsa/announcements/changes-family-financial-situation?src=trending\">If your (or your family’s) financial situation has drastically changed\u003c/a>, you need to contact the specific institution that you are planning to attend. Each college handles special circumstances differently, said McCarthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When will I receive my FAFSA financial aid package?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/help-center/answers/article/next-steps-after-submitting-fafsa\">FAFSA applications take three to five days to process\u003c/a>, according to the student aid website. However, when you receive your financial aid package will depend on your institution. Usually, students get their financial aid package shortly after their admission offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"mistakefafsa\">\u003c/a>What if I made a mistake on my FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/apply-for-aid/fafsa/review-and-correct/correct\">If you made a mistake filling out your application\u003c/a>, you need to correct your FAFSA form. You can do this by logging in with your FSA ID, going to the “My FAFSA” page and selecting “make corrections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, if the changes cannot be made through the FAFSA portal, students will need to reach out to their institution’s financial aid office to make corrections.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if my financial aid is not enough to pay for my college?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If the financial aid package from the college you plan to attend will not cover your college expenses, there are alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can look into scholarships that might help lower the cost of attending college, or \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/understand-aid/types/loans/subsidized-unsubsidized\">student loans\u003c/a>. There are two types of student loans: federal and private. Federal student loans usually offer lower interest rates than private loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find more help to fill out the FAFSA?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/\">A lot of information about the FAFSA can be found on the studentaid.gov website\u003c/a>, but if you have more specific questions, you can speak with the financial aid office of your desired institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From filling out basic questions to a more in-depth understanding of your financial aid package, your college or community college’s financial aid office can help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Yvette Solano’s case, she requested help from someone in the financial aid office who spoke Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me, it was about feeling comfortable asking questions and understanding the information,” said Solano, 25, who attended San Diego City College and graduated from Cal State, Los Angeles this summer. “You shouldn’t be ashamed of asking for help.” \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/espanol-financial-aid-season-what-you-need-to-know-212d885e9b92707de45f36827c9a4586\">\u003cstrong>Read the guide to applying for the FAFSA in Spanish.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarthy also recommends looking for college access organizations that provide free help completing the FAFSA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students or parents can also \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/help-center/contact#all-aid-fsaic\">call, email or live-chat with the Federal Student Aid Information Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press receives support from the Charles Schwab Foundation for educational and explanatory reporting to improve financial literacy. The independent foundation is separate from Charles Schwab and Co. Inc. The AP is solely responsible for its journalism.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Beyond what they learn academically in kindergarten, students learn everyday routines like how to take care of class materials and how to be kind to their peers, according to Golden Empire Elementary School kindergarten teacher Carla Randazzo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While developing those skills became more difficult for students going to school online during the pandemic, occasionally a student entering first grade at Golden Empire will not have attended kindergarten at all, Randazzo said. Furthermore, nearly two-thirds of students at the Sacramento school are English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those kids just start out having to climb uphill,” she said. “They need a lot of support to be successful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randazzo always thought it was “peculiar” that kindergarten is not mandatory in California. For now, though, California won’t join 20 other states with mandatory kindergarten.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Samantha Fee, parent of a 7-year-old at Golden Empire Elementary School\"]‘They learn a lot in that first year — how to sit at their desks, and how to raise their hand and all that they’re expected to know in the first grade. Without kindergarten, they don’t have that.’[/pullquote]Gov. Gavin Newsom, a Democrat, vetoed legislation Sunday night that would have required children to attend kindergarten — whether through homeschooling or public or private school — before entering first grade at a public school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he has with other recent legislative vetoes, Newsom cited the costs associated with providing mandatory kindergarten — about $268 million annually, which he said was not accounted for in the state budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom has supported similar legislation in the past. Last year, he signed a package of education bills, including one transitioning the state to universal pre-K starting in the 2025-26 school year. But the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://esd.dof.ca.gov/LegAnalysis/getPdf/E56AA19C-580F-ED11-913B-00505685B5D1\">Department of Finance opposed the mandatory kindergarten bill\u003c/a>, stating it would strain funds by adding up to 20,000 new public school students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proponents of mandatory kindergarten say it could help close the academic opportunity gap for students from lower-income families and students of color, as well as help children develop important social skills before first grade. The bill was introduced after K-12 attendance rates dropped during the pandemic and some students struggled with online learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kindergarten enrollment in California dropped nearly 12% in the 2020-21 academic year compared to the previous year, according to the state Department of Education. Nationwide, public school enrollment dropped by 3% in 2020-21 compared to the previous school year, with preschool and kindergarten enrollment dropping at higher rates, according to the National Center for Education Statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Samantha Fee of Citrus Heights said her 7-year-old son could solve practically any math equation during the 2020-21 school year while he attended kindergarten online. But by the end of the school year, he still couldn’t read and didn’t know all his letters.[aside label='related coverage' tag='kindergarten']She said the family made the difficult decision to have her son, who attends Golden Empire, repeat kindergarten to prepare him for first grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They learn a lot in that first year — how to sit at their desks, and how to raise their hand and all that they’re expected to know in the first grade,” Fee said. “Without kindergarten, they don’t have that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research from the Economic Policy Institute shows that \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/press/achievement-gaps-exist-as-early-as-when-children-begin-kindergarten/\">disparities in academic opportunity begin as early as kindergarten\u003c/a>. Children who develop their social and emotional skills by the time they reach kindergarten age can be \u003ca href=\"https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302630\">more likely to go to college\u003c/a>, according to a 2015 study by the American Public Health Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The pandemic led to a startling drop in K-12 enrollment, raising concerns about a widening opportunity gap,” said Jessica Lall, president and CEO of the Central City Association of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the legislation to make kindergarten mandatory passed overwhelmingly in both houses of the Legislature, Sen. Brian Jones of San Diego County opposed it, saying the state should focus instead on education reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also vetoed separate legislation that would have required every school with kindergarten to offer at least one full-day class option, saying it “will create one-time and ongoing costs in the hundreds of millions of dollars,” noting that the 2022-23 budget included $4 billion in funding for expanded learning opportunities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Beyond what they learn academically in kindergarten, students learn everyday routines like how to take care of class materials and how to be kind to their peers, according to Golden Empire Elementary School kindergarten teacher Carla Randazzo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While developing those skills became more difficult for students going to school online during the pandemic, occasionally a student entering first grade at Golden Empire will not have attended kindergarten at all, Randazzo said. Furthermore, nearly two-thirds of students at the Sacramento school are English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those kids just start out having to climb uphill,” she said. “They need a lot of support to be successful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randazzo always thought it was “peculiar” that kindergarten is not mandatory in California. For now, though, California won’t join 20 other states with mandatory kindergarten.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom, a Democrat, vetoed legislation Sunday night that would have required children to attend kindergarten — whether through homeschooling or public or private school — before entering first grade at a public school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he has with other recent legislative vetoes, Newsom cited the costs associated with providing mandatory kindergarten — about $268 million annually, which he said was not accounted for in the state budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom has supported similar legislation in the past. Last year, he signed a package of education bills, including one transitioning the state to universal pre-K starting in the 2025-26 school year. But the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://esd.dof.ca.gov/LegAnalysis/getPdf/E56AA19C-580F-ED11-913B-00505685B5D1\">Department of Finance opposed the mandatory kindergarten bill\u003c/a>, stating it would strain funds by adding up to 20,000 new public school students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proponents of mandatory kindergarten say it could help close the academic opportunity gap for students from lower-income families and students of color, as well as help children develop important social skills before first grade. The bill was introduced after K-12 attendance rates dropped during the pandemic and some students struggled with online learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kindergarten enrollment in California dropped nearly 12% in the 2020-21 academic year compared to the previous year, according to the state Department of Education. Nationwide, public school enrollment dropped by 3% in 2020-21 compared to the previous school year, with preschool and kindergarten enrollment dropping at higher rates, according to the National Center for Education Statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Samantha Fee of Citrus Heights said her 7-year-old son could solve practically any math equation during the 2020-21 school year while he attended kindergarten online. But by the end of the school year, he still couldn’t read and didn’t know all his letters.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>She said the family made the difficult decision to have her son, who attends Golden Empire, repeat kindergarten to prepare him for first grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They learn a lot in that first year — how to sit at their desks, and how to raise their hand and all that they’re expected to know in the first grade,” Fee said. “Without kindergarten, they don’t have that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research from the Economic Policy Institute shows that \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/press/achievement-gaps-exist-as-early-as-when-children-begin-kindergarten/\">disparities in academic opportunity begin as early as kindergarten\u003c/a>. Children who develop their social and emotional skills by the time they reach kindergarten age can be \u003ca href=\"https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302630\">more likely to go to college\u003c/a>, according to a 2015 study by the American Public Health Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The pandemic led to a startling drop in K-12 enrollment, raising concerns about a widening opportunity gap,” said Jessica Lall, president and CEO of the Central City Association of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the legislation to make kindergarten mandatory passed overwhelmingly in both houses of the Legislature, Sen. Brian Jones of San Diego County opposed it, saying the state should focus instead on education reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also vetoed separate legislation that would have required every school with kindergarten to offer at least one full-day class option, saying it “will create one-time and ongoing costs in the hundreds of millions of dollars,” noting that the 2022-23 budget included $4 billion in funding for expanded learning opportunities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At back-to-school night last week, parents at Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Academic Middle School in San Francisco’s Portola neighborhood got some bad news. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are missing science teachers,” said Ricky Li, whose \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">son is a sixth grader at the school\u003c/span>. “So all they do now is just give out handouts. They (are) asking for help from parents. They should have had enough staff. I’m not sure why they are missing teachers.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The teacher shortage at MLK Middle School, and staffing challenges in districts across the state, comes at a time when unprecedented state and federal education dollars have been sent to districts to help students recover from pandemic-related learning loss — something noted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59662/researchers-find-growth-in-number-of-jobs-not-exodus-paints-view-of-teacher-shortages\">researchers studying the phenomenon of teaching-staff shortages nationwide\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whatever the overall reasons, one thing remains clear: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11924222/teacher-shortages-felt-most-acutely-in-lower-income-school-districts-survey-reveals\">Teacher shortages tend to be worse at schools that serve kids from economically disadvantaged communities.\u003c/a> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> MLK Middle School, where a third of the kids speak English as a second language and 10% are considered unhoused, is one of those schools.[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='teachers']\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maritza Tupul’s son Douglass Mejia is in eighth grade. His classroom is missing a full-time science teacher, but Tupul said she didn’t know this until she checked her son’s grades and found he’s getting an F.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I asked him what’s going on,” she said. “And he says, ‘Oh, we don’t have a teacher in the classroom.’ So … how could you have an F (if) you don’t have grades?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tupul’s son told her they hadn’t had teachers for weeks and that the sixth grade teachers were subbing the class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The San Francisco Board of Education has vowed to improve struggling elementary and middle schools in an effort to make school quality more equitable, and\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> district officials say they’ve sent three teachers on special assignment to MLK to help staff for now.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eric Lewis, a science content specialist who helped create the district’s curriculum, is one of those teachers. At the start of every year he emails all the district’s science teachers about training opportunities and resources — but a lot of those emails never get read.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s how I figure out who is not in the district anymore,” Lewis said. “Because I get all these emails bouncing back at me. I mean, this year I had probably 40 emails bouncing back. This was a huge number of teachers that were gone. And it was across the district!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lewis says this year’s eighth graders have already had a rough time.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have had very inconsistent science education in sixth, seventh and now into eighth grade,” said Lewis. “Their sixth grade was online. Their seventh grade had teachers who left halfway through the year for science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11926395\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11926395\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A bald white man with a beard and wearing a blue shirt and brown pants sits on steps outside a green building, looking at the camera.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jackson Whittington, a teacher at Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Academic Middle School, sits outside the school in San Francisco’s Portola neighborhood on Sept. 20, 2022. In a letter written to SFUSD, Whittington described his school’s current condition as being ‘unsafe, inequitable, and in need of immediate attention.’ \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lewis is normally tasked with supporting new teachers so they don’t quit and with helping teachers implement the new science curriculum. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Instead, he’s been assigned to fill in on classroom teaching.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was supposed to be another TSA [teacher on special assignment] who came in to teach the other half of the courses,” he explained, “and that teacher didn’t show. They ended up taking a leave from the district.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lewis is confident most of his students can rebound. But he also says those with the most needs will have the longest-term impacts, and he predicts they will have major gaps.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The staffing shortage got worse a week ago after a teacher got COVID and another was injured. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jackson Whittington, an art and integrated arts teacher at MLK, says three seventh grade classes were put into the cafeteria.\u003c/span>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Maritza Tupul, parent\"]‘I wish someone could do something. … (If not), I have to do something.’[/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I think you can imagine having three seventh grade classes in a cafeteria is not, like, the best learning space,” said Whittington. “It’s kind of just a management situation.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maritza Tupul has asked for her son to be transferred to another classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish somebody (could) do something,” she said. “(If not), I have to do something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Other parents say they’re taking their kids out of MLK altogether.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a letter written to the San Francisco Unified School District, Whittington decried the current situation as “\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">unsafe, inequitable, and in need of immediate attention,” \u003c/span>saying enrollment at MLK Middle School had dropped by almost 100 students;\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">multiple teachers are giving up prep time; and that staff — including administrative staff — cover classes on a daily basis because “there are \u003c/span>no subs coming here and no full time TSAs covering open positions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">SFUSD, meanwhile, is continuing to recruit, with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://careers.sfusd.edu/go/Current-Openings/8548000/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">210 certificated teaching positions open\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> online as of Friday. The district had about \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/districtsearch/district_detail.asp?ID2=0634410\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2,500 full-time-equivalent teachers\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for the 2021-22 school year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ricky Li has sympathy for the district trying to find more teachers, but doesn’t understand why there still isn’t enough staff.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“H\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">elp should be here by now,” he said. “\u003c/span>So hopefully, they’ll find somebody soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s something everybody can agree on.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Alexander Gonzalez and Attila Pelit contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At back-to-school night last week, parents at Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Academic Middle School in San Francisco’s Portola neighborhood got some bad news. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are missing science teachers,” said Ricky Li, whose \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">son is a sixth grader at the school\u003c/span>. “So all they do now is just give out handouts. They (are) asking for help from parents. They should have had enough staff. I’m not sure why they are missing teachers.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The teacher shortage at MLK Middle School, and staffing challenges in districts across the state, comes at a time when unprecedented state and federal education dollars have been sent to districts to help students recover from pandemic-related learning loss — something noted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59662/researchers-find-growth-in-number-of-jobs-not-exodus-paints-view-of-teacher-shortages\">researchers studying the phenomenon of teaching-staff shortages nationwide\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whatever the overall reasons, one thing remains clear: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11924222/teacher-shortages-felt-most-acutely-in-lower-income-school-districts-survey-reveals\">Teacher shortages tend to be worse at schools that serve kids from economically disadvantaged communities.\u003c/a> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> MLK Middle School, where a third of the kids speak English as a second language and 10% are considered unhoused, is one of those schools.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maritza Tupul’s son Douglass Mejia is in eighth grade. His classroom is missing a full-time science teacher, but Tupul said she didn’t know this until she checked her son’s grades and found he’s getting an F.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I asked him what’s going on,” she said. “And he says, ‘Oh, we don’t have a teacher in the classroom.’ So … how could you have an F (if) you don’t have grades?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tupul’s son told her they hadn’t had teachers for weeks and that the sixth grade teachers were subbing the class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The San Francisco Board of Education has vowed to improve struggling elementary and middle schools in an effort to make school quality more equitable, and\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> district officials say they’ve sent three teachers on special assignment to MLK to help staff for now.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eric Lewis, a science content specialist who helped create the district’s curriculum, is one of those teachers. At the start of every year he emails all the district’s science teachers about training opportunities and resources — but a lot of those emails never get read.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s how I figure out who is not in the district anymore,” Lewis said. “Because I get all these emails bouncing back at me. I mean, this year I had probably 40 emails bouncing back. This was a huge number of teachers that were gone. And it was across the district!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lewis says this year’s eighth graders have already had a rough time.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have had very inconsistent science education in sixth, seventh and now into eighth grade,” said Lewis. “Their sixth grade was online. Their seventh grade had teachers who left halfway through the year for science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11926395\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11926395\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A bald white man with a beard and wearing a blue shirt and brown pants sits on steps outside a green building, looking at the camera.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/017_KQED_MLKMiddleSchoolTeacherShortage_09202022.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jackson Whittington, a teacher at Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Academic Middle School, sits outside the school in San Francisco’s Portola neighborhood on Sept. 20, 2022. In a letter written to SFUSD, Whittington described his school’s current condition as being ‘unsafe, inequitable, and in need of immediate attention.’ \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lewis is normally tasked with supporting new teachers so they don’t quit and with helping teachers implement the new science curriculum. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Instead, he’s been assigned to fill in on classroom teaching.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was supposed to be another TSA [teacher on special assignment] who came in to teach the other half of the courses,” he explained, “and that teacher didn’t show. They ended up taking a leave from the district.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lewis is confident most of his students can rebound. But he also says those with the most needs will have the longest-term impacts, and he predicts they will have major gaps.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The staffing shortage got worse a week ago after a teacher got COVID and another was injured. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jackson Whittington, an art and integrated arts teacher at MLK, says three seventh grade classes were put into the cafeteria.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I think you can imagine having three seventh grade classes in a cafeteria is not, like, the best learning space,” said Whittington. “It’s kind of just a management situation.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maritza Tupul has asked for her son to be transferred to another classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish somebody (could) do something,” she said. “(If not), I have to do something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Other parents say they’re taking their kids out of MLK altogether.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a letter written to the San Francisco Unified School District, Whittington decried the current situation as “\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">unsafe, inequitable, and in need of immediate attention,” \u003c/span>saying enrollment at MLK Middle School had dropped by almost 100 students;\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">multiple teachers are giving up prep time; and that staff — including administrative staff — cover classes on a daily basis because “there are \u003c/span>no subs coming here and no full time TSAs covering open positions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">SFUSD, meanwhile, is continuing to recruit, with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://careers.sfusd.edu/go/Current-Openings/8548000/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">210 certificated teaching positions open\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> online as of Friday. The district had about \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/districtsearch/district_detail.asp?ID2=0634410\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2,500 full-time-equivalent teachers\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for the 2021-22 school year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ricky Li has sympathy for the district trying to find more teachers, but doesn’t understand why there still isn’t enough staff.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“H\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">elp should be here by now,” he said. “\u003c/span>So hopefully, they’ll find somebody soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s something everybody can agree on.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Alexander Gonzalez and Attila Pelit contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
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}
},
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
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