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"content": "\u003cp>We’ve learned a lot about COVID-19 by examining what we’ve flushed down the toilet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are a few of those things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The variant was in a waste sample collected in Merced County on Nov. 25 — that’s a day before the World Health Organization named it omicron.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists in New York found it in a sample collected even earlier, on Nov. 21, predating the alarms from leaders in South Africa about a troubling new variant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials in Texas also detected omicron early through wastewater surveillance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7103a5.htm?s_cid=mm7103a5_w&utm_source=STAT+Newsletters&utm_campaign=6439030dc2-MR_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_8cab1d7961-6439030dc2-151495997#T1_down\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a> last week from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention outlined these facts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agency scientists describe this as “strong early evidence that the Omicron variant was likely present or more widely distributed in these communities than originally indicated by clinical testing alone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report makes a case that by the time officials have detected a new variant, it likely has spread to numerous other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this light, travel bans look ineffective and like “closing the barn door after the horses have fled,” as researchers from the University of Illinois argued in a \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/583337-omicron-is-already-global-tests-for-international-flights-are-far-better\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">recent op-ed\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Requiring testing on international flights would be a much more effective policy, they wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also underscores the potency of this new surveillance tool, which counties increasingly rely on as demand for COVID-19 tests outpace supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ability to ramp up the infrastructure to test the number of people that need to be tested right now is an enormous strain on the health care system and on our testing systems that we’ve set up,” said Marlene Wolfe of Emory University, one of the researchers who monitors sites across Northern California. “But with this wastewater data, we have not had to increase our capacity at all. We are doing exactly what we’ve been doing for a year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfe’s method can detect as few as one or two cases per 100,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in close communication with public health officials,” she said. “They’re able to use that data to plan for what’s next. It’s similar to how they would use clinical case data but is actually more reliable. We are not biased by the fact that it’s so difficult to find a test right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfe says this moment is a good opportunity to expand the surveillance regime and collect data on other diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re starting to monitor for \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">respiratory syncytial virus\u003c/a> and influenza,” she said. “There are a lot of areas where we can provide very useful public health data using wastewater because we have developed these tools so fully over the course of this pandemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all of the information in the CDC’s report is new, although now it’s been verified by federal scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Raquel Maria Dillon was the first to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11898161/scientists-find-traces-of-omicron-in-sewage-from-sacramento-and-merced\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a> on the detection in Merced, as well as a similar sample found in Sacramento on Nov. 30 — that’s a day before health officials confirmed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977807/first-u-s-case-of-omicron-variant-found-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">first U.S. case in a San Francisco resident on Dec. 1\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers notified Sacramento of the findings, and officials there described the data as useful and “one of the tools that helps us identify new variants.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7103a5.htm?s_cid=mm7103a5_w&utm_source=STAT+Newsletters&utm_campaign=6439030dc2-MR_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_8cab1d7961-6439030dc2-151495997#T1_down\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a> last week from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention outlined these facts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agency scientists describe this as “strong early evidence that the Omicron variant was likely present or more widely distributed in these communities than originally indicated by clinical testing alone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report makes a case that by the time officials have detected a new variant, it likely has spread to numerous other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this light, travel bans look ineffective and like “closing the barn door after the horses have fled,” as researchers from the University of Illinois argued in a \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/583337-omicron-is-already-global-tests-for-international-flights-are-far-better\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">recent op-ed\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Requiring testing on international flights would be a much more effective policy, they wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also underscores the potency of this new surveillance tool, which counties increasingly rely on as demand for COVID-19 tests outpace supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ability to ramp up the infrastructure to test the number of people that need to be tested right now is an enormous strain on the health care system and on our testing systems that we’ve set up,” said Marlene Wolfe of Emory University, one of the researchers who monitors sites across Northern California. “But with this wastewater data, we have not had to increase our capacity at all. We are doing exactly what we’ve been doing for a year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfe’s method can detect as few as one or two cases per 100,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in close communication with public health officials,” she said. “They’re able to use that data to plan for what’s next. It’s similar to how they would use clinical case data but is actually more reliable. We are not biased by the fact that it’s so difficult to find a test right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfe says this moment is a good opportunity to expand the surveillance regime and collect data on other diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re starting to monitor for \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">respiratory syncytial virus\u003c/a> and influenza,” she said. “There are a lot of areas where we can provide very useful public health data using wastewater because we have developed these tools so fully over the course of this pandemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all of the information in the CDC’s report is new, although now it’s been verified by federal scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Raquel Maria Dillon was the first to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11898161/scientists-find-traces-of-omicron-in-sewage-from-sacramento-and-merced\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a> on the detection in Merced, as well as a similar sample found in Sacramento on Nov. 30 — that’s a day before health officials confirmed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977807/first-u-s-case-of-omicron-variant-found-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">first U.S. case in a San Francisco resident on Dec. 1\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers notified Sacramento of the findings, and officials there described the data as useful and “one of the tools that helps us identify new variants.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Walking Out on a Job She Loved: Why One Santa Clara Doctor Left COVID Care Behind",
"headTitle": "Walking Out on a Job She Loved: Why One Santa Clara Doctor Left COVID Care Behind | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Dr. Molly Phelps was an emergency room physician for nearly two decades until she walked away from her job at Kaiser in Santa Clara County, no longer sleeping and barely eating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, Phelps was burned out — a feeling she shared with many \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2021/12/16/health-care-workers-suffering-goes-far-beyond-burnout-self-care-isnt-the-cure/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">doctors and nurses working the front lines of this pandemic\u003c/span>\u003c/a>. But this was more than fatigue. She survived the pandemic’s first year, she says, fueled by a sense of purpose. New vaccines brought relief and hope, but these feelings waned. She found herself angry at her patients who had chosen not to get vaccinated.[pullquote align='right' citation='Dr. Molly Phelps, former ER physician']‘The hospital itself was so full that in a nine-hour shift, I almost felt like Willy Wonka with one single golden ticket that I got to pick the person who was ill enough that they got to jump the line and actually have a bed inside the hospital proper.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It occurred to me all of a sudden I think that I can walk away and actually be happy,” Phelps told KQED’s Morning Edition Host Brian Watt when they spoke last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the job that I loved with everything that I had, and I thought that I would do it forever,” she said, explaining her decision to leave the profession as “death by a thousand cuts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Their conversation has been lightly edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brian Watt: Was there a single moment when you decided it was time to step away from this?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Molly Phelps: I waited until my husband was in the shower and I threw open the door and I said, I’m leaving medicine and he’s like, ‘Oh, OK, good morning, honey.’ But he’s been wonderfully supportive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I personally didn’t even know that I was having any thoughts of leaving. Even the day that I had the epiphany. I [had] stopped eating and went down to my junior high weight, and I stopped sleeping and was really kind of a shell of a human being. I spent the majority of last winter in our massive COVID tent that filled the ER’s parking lot. And typically, it was lined with two neat rows of gurneys. And every last one of them had someone in it who was struggling to breathe to some extent. And at the peak, the hospital itself was so full that in a nine-hour shift, I almost felt like Willy Wonka with one single golden ticket that I got to pick the person who was ill enough that they got to jump the line and actually have a bed inside the hospital proper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>And how much longer did you last?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My last shift in the ER was an overnight shift on Labor Day, and then I did part-time work in the vaccine clinic before I officially separated from the hospital entirely last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Was there a point where you felt like you and your colleagues were doing all you could to fight COVID, but maybe the general public wasn’t?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were six months into having a life-saving, readily accessible free vaccine, and there was a segment of the population that deliberately chose not to get it and not to protect themselves and not to protect their community. And yet they didn’t want our advice to get the vaccine, but they still wanted our help as soon as they started feeling achy. It felt really insulting, and I also felt like I had given nearly everything that I had, I almost destroyed myself with the winter surge, and I would do it again, but I didn’t feel like I wanted to give the last bit of me that I had left to the unvaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>And now, omicron, a variant that has spread so fast. What is it like to watch this surge from outside the hospital?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the disease that I literally bruised my cheeks and had blood on the bridge of my nose from my N95 [mask] to try not to get this virus. And yet, it’s on the other side of my door right now. Ironically, my wonderful, goody-two-shoes, rule-following 12-year-old, who even wears a mask during his school lunch, just came down with COVID last night. And my daughter, who is 9 years old, is achy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>If you’re not watching it from inside the hospital, you are now living with people who tested positive.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exactly. It’s a different world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So what now, if not medicine in the ER?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am actually working on a memoir about my time on the front lines. So it has brought up a lot of old stuff and a lot of painful stuff. It feels like a really interesting and helpful opportunity to work through that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>I think we’re going to need these memoirs. I know it’s hard, but thanks for working through it.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Dr. Molly Phelps was an emergency room physician for nearly two decades until she walked away from her job at Kaiser in Santa Clara County, no longer sleeping and barely eating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, Phelps was burned out — a feeling she shared with many \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2021/12/16/health-care-workers-suffering-goes-far-beyond-burnout-self-care-isnt-the-cure/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">doctors and nurses working the front lines of this pandemic\u003c/span>\u003c/a>. But this was more than fatigue. She survived the pandemic’s first year, she says, fueled by a sense of purpose. New vaccines brought relief and hope, but these feelings waned. She found herself angry at her patients who had chosen not to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It occurred to me all of a sudden I think that I can walk away and actually be happy,” Phelps told KQED’s Morning Edition Host Brian Watt when they spoke last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the job that I loved with everything that I had, and I thought that I would do it forever,” she said, explaining her decision to leave the profession as “death by a thousand cuts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Their conversation has been lightly edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brian Watt: Was there a single moment when you decided it was time to step away from this?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Molly Phelps: I waited until my husband was in the shower and I threw open the door and I said, I’m leaving medicine and he’s like, ‘Oh, OK, good morning, honey.’ But he’s been wonderfully supportive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I personally didn’t even know that I was having any thoughts of leaving. Even the day that I had the epiphany. I [had] stopped eating and went down to my junior high weight, and I stopped sleeping and was really kind of a shell of a human being. I spent the majority of last winter in our massive COVID tent that filled the ER’s parking lot. And typically, it was lined with two neat rows of gurneys. And every last one of them had someone in it who was struggling to breathe to some extent. And at the peak, the hospital itself was so full that in a nine-hour shift, I almost felt like Willy Wonka with one single golden ticket that I got to pick the person who was ill enough that they got to jump the line and actually have a bed inside the hospital proper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>And how much longer did you last?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My last shift in the ER was an overnight shift on Labor Day, and then I did part-time work in the vaccine clinic before I officially separated from the hospital entirely last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Was there a point where you felt like you and your colleagues were doing all you could to fight COVID, but maybe the general public wasn’t?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were six months into having a life-saving, readily accessible free vaccine, and there was a segment of the population that deliberately chose not to get it and not to protect themselves and not to protect their community. And yet they didn’t want our advice to get the vaccine, but they still wanted our help as soon as they started feeling achy. It felt really insulting, and I also felt like I had given nearly everything that I had, I almost destroyed myself with the winter surge, and I would do it again, but I didn’t feel like I wanted to give the last bit of me that I had left to the unvaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>And now, omicron, a variant that has spread so fast. What is it like to watch this surge from outside the hospital?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the disease that I literally bruised my cheeks and had blood on the bridge of my nose from my N95 [mask] to try not to get this virus. And yet, it’s on the other side of my door right now. Ironically, my wonderful, goody-two-shoes, rule-following 12-year-old, who even wears a mask during his school lunch, just came down with COVID last night. And my daughter, who is 9 years old, is achy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>If you’re not watching it from inside the hospital, you are now living with people who tested positive.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exactly. It’s a different world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So what now, if not medicine in the ER?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am actually working on a memoir about my time on the front lines. So it has brought up a lot of old stuff and a lot of painful stuff. It feels like a really interesting and helpful opportunity to work through that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>I think we’re going to need these memoirs. I know it’s hard, but thanks for working through it.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]The Australian walking stick is a master of deception, but a twig is just one of its many disguises. Before it’s even born, it mimics a seed. In its youth it looks and acts like an ant. Only when it has grown up does it settle into its final, leafy form. Along the way, it fools predators at every turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Our story begins with a seed, an ant, and a leaf. Or does it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each one of these is a phase in the life of the same creature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Australian walking stick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deep in the forests of eastern Australia, a seed drops from the canopy above. Foraging ants carry it down to their underground burrow. They snack on the nutritious cap, leaving the rest intact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this “seed” is a knockoff. It’s actually an Australian walking stick insect’s egg. Here it is next to a real seed the ants also brought into the nest. The delicious part of this real seed is called the “elaiosome,” and the same part on the egg is called the “capitulum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an evolutionary strategy to get that egg underground. Why? Ant nests are just the right humidity for the developing egg, and are well-protected from parasites and predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several months later, the egg hatches underground, and a stick insect nymph emerges from the nest. It runs, looking for safety in the foliage above. It has taken on a new disguise: as a red-headed spider ant. Not only does it look a lot like the ant — it also moves like one.\u003cbr>\nAnd even strikes a pose like the ant, curling its abdomen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking and acting like an ant may save this nymph’s life. Predators tend to steer clear of ants. Ants swarm — sometimes they bite and sting — and most worker ants aren’t all that nutritious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of that, red-headed spider ants taste like rotten coconut or bad cheese. These birds take a hard pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upon closer inspection, the disguise doesn’t really hold up. But hey — it gets the job done. And it doesn’t need to last long.\u003cbr>\nThe red on the Australian walking stick’s head fades in just a few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nymph races upward, into the trees. After about a month, the insect begins to change yet again. It will molt six times as it perfects its final costume, as it grows into an adult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That frenetic ant energy gives way to a gentle swaying — like a leaf in the breeze. Nothing to see here, predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The insects graze all day, mostly on eucalyptus leaves, plumping up and growing as long as your palm. Adults vary in color. Some even take on the green ruffled shape of a lichen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might think it’d be hard to find each other with all this camouflage, but they communicate with pheromones, so no problem. Sometime after mating, the female lays her eggs, which fall to the forest floor, and the cycle begins again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fake seed and pretend ant phases are more than just protection from parasites and predators. Since adult Australian walking stick insects don’t actually walk much, they rely on seed-collecting ants to disperse their eggs throughout the forest. Then it’s up to their zippy, ant-impersonating offspring to help them spread out even further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Australian walking stick insect has evolved so many looks, it almost seems like it’s having an identity crisis. But just because you can shape-shift from one form to another — and another — doesn’t mean you don’t know exactly what you are.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this “seed” is a knockoff. It’s actually an Australian walking stick insect’s egg. Here it is next to a real seed the ants also brought into the nest. The delicious part of this real seed is called the “elaiosome,” and the same part on the egg is called the “capitulum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an evolutionary strategy to get that egg underground. Why? Ant nests are just the right humidity for the developing egg, and are well-protected from parasites and predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several months later, the egg hatches underground, and a stick insect nymph emerges from the nest. It runs, looking for safety in the foliage above. It has taken on a new disguise: as a red-headed spider ant. Not only does it look a lot like the ant — it also moves like one.\u003cbr>\nAnd even strikes a pose like the ant, curling its abdomen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking and acting like an ant may save this nymph’s life. Predators tend to steer clear of ants. Ants swarm — sometimes they bite and sting — and most worker ants aren’t all that nutritious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of that, red-headed spider ants taste like rotten coconut or bad cheese. These birds take a hard pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upon closer inspection, the disguise doesn’t really hold up. But hey — it gets the job done. And it doesn’t need to last long.\u003cbr>\nThe red on the Australian walking stick’s head fades in just a few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nymph races upward, into the trees. After about a month, the insect begins to change yet again. It will molt six times as it perfects its final costume, as it grows into an adult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That frenetic ant energy gives way to a gentle swaying — like a leaf in the breeze. Nothing to see here, predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The insects graze all day, mostly on eucalyptus leaves, plumping up and growing as long as your palm. Adults vary in color. Some even take on the green ruffled shape of a lichen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might think it’d be hard to find each other with all this camouflage, but they communicate with pheromones, so no problem. Sometime after mating, the female lays her eggs, which fall to the forest floor, and the cycle begins again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fake seed and pretend ant phases are more than just protection from parasites and predators. Since adult Australian walking stick insects don’t actually walk much, they rely on seed-collecting ants to disperse their eggs throughout the forest. Then it’s up to their zippy, ant-impersonating offspring to help them spread out even further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Australian walking stick insect has evolved so many looks, it almost seems like it’s having an identity crisis. But just because you can shape-shift from one form to another — and another — doesn’t mean you don’t know exactly what you are.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Of NASA’s many launches, those with a fiery blastoff and a gleaming aerial ascent into space get the most love from space fans — but not all missions fly on rockets.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Take Sentry II. It’s not a spacecraft or even a ground-based telescope. It’s a computer algorithm designed to forecast \u003ca href=\"https://earthsky.org/space/asteroid-1994-pc1-closest-jan-18-2022/\">future asteroid \u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">near-misses\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and collisions with Earth. To do that, it must search through mountains of asteroid orbital data collected by many observatories. In December, NASA launched Sentry II on its mission.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The inaugural “flight” of a computer program may not sound flashy, but Sentry II’s \u003ca href=\"https://minorplanetcenter.net/\">mission to sift through tens of thousands of known asteroid orbits\u003c/a> looking for those that could pose a threat to us is both an enormous task and vitally important to predicting potential calamity.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Keeping an eye on traffic\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Think of it like this: You’re driving your car on a crowded freeway, sharing the road with hundreds of other cars all moving along with you, changing lanes, speeding up, slowing down. You constantly monitor other cars through your windshield, out the side windows and in your rearview mirror.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978207\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978207\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/600px-Asteroids-KnownNearEarthObjects-Animation-UpTo2018010-NASAJPLCALTECH1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Animation of known near-Earth asteroids and the inner solar system. \u003ccite>(NASA/JPL-Caltech)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of the cars you can safely ignore: those two or three lanes over, slower traffic falling behind, or that speeder up ahead disappearing into the distance. Nothing to worry about at the moment.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then there are the cars you watch more closely, those whose speed and trajectory you judge may bring them close. To avoid a collision, you want as much advance warning as possible.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now imagine your task is to monitor 27,000 cars and predict potential near-car encounters years into the future. That’s like what the Sentry algorithms do. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Sentry II’s fresh perspective\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The original Sentry algorithm, in operation since 2002, did its job very well, projecting asteroids’ paths and gravitational interactions with the sun and planets a century into the future. But Sentry I had limitations, and humans had to step in and do some of the math themselves. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, it could not account for changes in an asteroid’s trajectory from influences such as \u003ca style=\"color: #41a62a\" href=\"https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/the-yarkovsky-effect-pushing-asteroids-around-with-sunlight/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">heating effects by sunlight\u003c/a>; these are nongravitational influences that cause small but constant deviations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sentry I also had difficulty plotting how much the course of an object would deviate when it swung close to Earth and our planet’s gravity. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Like a Gen-Z youngster with technical savvy that puts older generations to shame, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-next-generation-asteroid-impact-monitoring-system-goes-online\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sentry II\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> takes these influences into account with finesse, coming swiftly to more accurate projections and predictions. This high-powered mission is well equipped to take on the rising tide of orbital data flooding in from around the world. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Near-Earth asteroids\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Since the first asteroid was discovered on New Year’s Day in 1801, generations of astronomers have found many, many more space rocks lurking in the dark. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 872px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978204\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"872\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission.jpg 872w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission-800x368.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission-160x74.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission-768x353.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 872px) 100vw, 872px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graph showing all near-Earth asteroids discovered each year, by mission or survey, since 1995. \u003ccite>(NASA/Center for Near-Earth Object Studies)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the last two centuries, larger and more sensitive telescopes, and more recently spacecraft, have probed for the faint, elusive dots of light crawling against the starry backdrop of space. In the last few decades, \u003ca href=\"https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/stats/totals.html\">our awareness of them has risen exponentially\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To date, astronomers know of more than 27,000 \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/stats/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">near-Earth asteroids\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and discover about 3,000 more every year. Of these, 9,948 are larger than 460 feet across, and 889 are larger than a half mile in diameter, large enough to inflict regional or global devastation should they impact our planet — so the importance of tracking their orbital motions and projecting their paths into the future is plain. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978205\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 770px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/asteroid_2021PJ1-JPL-Sept2021.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"770\" height=\"433\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/asteroid_2021PJ1-JPL-Sept2021.jpg 770w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/asteroid_2021PJ1-JPL-Sept2021-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/asteroid_2021PJ1-JPL-Sept2021-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Radar image of 2021 PJ1, the 1,000th near-Earth asteroid detected by radar observations since 1968. 2021 PJ1 is a 65- to 100-foot asteroid that passed about 1 million miles from Earth in August 2021. \u003ccite>(NASA/JPL-Caltech)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/about/basics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Asteroids that cross Earth’s orbit\u003c/a> and present the possibility of collision are, obviously, the ones to keep the closest eye on. Those larger than 460 feet (about the length of one-and-a-half football fields) are considered potentially hazardous objects — the cars on the freeway that can make your heart jump. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What would happen if an asteroid hit Earth?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s happened before: a major asteroid or comet impact with Earth. Sixty-six million years ago, a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lpi.usra.edu/science/kring/Chicxulub/regional-effects/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">6-mile-wide asteroid\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> hit the northern top of the Yucatan Peninsula and wrought global devastation that contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs, along with 75% of all species living at the time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On average, an impact on the scale of the dinosaur-killer happens about every 100 million years. The good news is, pretty much all asteroids even approaching that size have been found and their orbits mapped out very accurately, and none of them is projected to come near Earth. Their orbits are fairly stable and can be accurately predicted far into the future. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 985px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"985\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020.jpg 985w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020-800x449.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020-768x431.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration of near-Earth asteroid 2020 QG, an SUV-sized rock that passed within 1,830 miles of Earth’s surface in August 2020. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But smaller asteroids are another matter. Their orbits are more strongly influenced by gravitational interactions with planets and other effects, which complicates predictions of their future whereabouts. They’re also harder to detect, so there are many yet unknown. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Smaller asteroids also are more numerous, and they both pass near and impact Earth more frequently. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2008/30jun_tunguska\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">In 1908, a collision\u003c/a> by a large object caused an aerial explosion over Siberia that flattened forests for miles around and sent tremors through Earth that were detected by seismographs in London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/feature/five-years-after-the-chelyabinsk-meteor-nasa-leads-efforts-in-planetary-defense\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">In 2013, a 20-meter object\u003c/a> exploded in Earth’s atmosphere above the Russian city of Chelyabinsk. The shockwave shattered windows and caused some brick structures to collapse, and though there were no fatalities, over 1,400 people were injured by indirect causes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Smaller chunks of rock burn up in Earth’s atmosphere or hit the ground on a daily basis, and though their effects may be minor, they usually go undetected until only hours before impact, if at all, coming at us with little or no advance warning. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Like a fender bender in traffic, even the smallest meteorite impact could spoil someone’s day, or worse, so keeping tabs on the traffic around Earth is important. Knowing what’s coming at you is the first step in predicting, and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://b612foundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">possibly avoiding\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a collision. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The new mission to spot near-Earth asteroids brings in more information about their orbits and picks up some tasks humans have had to do.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Of NASA’s many launches, those with a fiery blastoff and a gleaming aerial ascent into space get the most love from space fans — but not all missions fly on rockets.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Take Sentry II. It’s not a spacecraft or even a ground-based telescope. It’s a computer algorithm designed to forecast \u003ca href=\"https://earthsky.org/space/asteroid-1994-pc1-closest-jan-18-2022/\">future asteroid \u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">near-misses\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and collisions with Earth. To do that, it must search through mountains of asteroid orbital data collected by many observatories. In December, NASA launched Sentry II on its mission.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The inaugural “flight” of a computer program may not sound flashy, but Sentry II’s \u003ca href=\"https://minorplanetcenter.net/\">mission to sift through tens of thousands of known asteroid orbits\u003c/a> looking for those that could pose a threat to us is both an enormous task and vitally important to predicting potential calamity.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Keeping an eye on traffic\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Think of it like this: You’re driving your car on a crowded freeway, sharing the road with hundreds of other cars all moving along with you, changing lanes, speeding up, slowing down. You constantly monitor other cars through your windshield, out the side windows and in your rearview mirror.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978207\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978207\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/600px-Asteroids-KnownNearEarthObjects-Animation-UpTo2018010-NASAJPLCALTECH1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Animation of known near-Earth asteroids and the inner solar system. \u003ccite>(NASA/JPL-Caltech)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of the cars you can safely ignore: those two or three lanes over, slower traffic falling behind, or that speeder up ahead disappearing into the distance. Nothing to worry about at the moment.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then there are the cars you watch more closely, those whose speed and trajectory you judge may bring them close. To avoid a collision, you want as much advance warning as possible.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now imagine your task is to monitor 27,000 cars and predict potential near-car encounters years into the future. That’s like what the Sentry algorithms do. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Sentry II’s fresh perspective\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The original Sentry algorithm, in operation since 2002, did its job very well, projecting asteroids’ paths and gravitational interactions with the sun and planets a century into the future. But Sentry I had limitations, and humans had to step in and do some of the math themselves. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, it could not account for changes in an asteroid’s trajectory from influences such as \u003ca style=\"color: #41a62a\" href=\"https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/the-yarkovsky-effect-pushing-asteroids-around-with-sunlight/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">heating effects by sunlight\u003c/a>; these are nongravitational influences that cause small but constant deviations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sentry I also had difficulty plotting how much the course of an object would deviate when it swung close to Earth and our planet’s gravity. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Like a Gen-Z youngster with technical savvy that puts older generations to shame, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-next-generation-asteroid-impact-monitoring-system-goes-online\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sentry II\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> takes these influences into account with finesse, coming swiftly to more accurate projections and predictions. This high-powered mission is well equipped to take on the rising tide of orbital data flooding in from around the world. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Near-Earth asteroids\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Since the first asteroid was discovered on New Year’s Day in 1801, generations of astronomers have found many, many more space rocks lurking in the dark. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 872px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978204\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"872\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission.jpg 872w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission-800x368.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission-160x74.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/CNEOS-graphofNEOdiscoveriesbymission-768x353.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 872px) 100vw, 872px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graph showing all near-Earth asteroids discovered each year, by mission or survey, since 1995. \u003ccite>(NASA/Center for Near-Earth Object Studies)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the last two centuries, larger and more sensitive telescopes, and more recently spacecraft, have probed for the faint, elusive dots of light crawling against the starry backdrop of space. In the last few decades, \u003ca href=\"https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/stats/totals.html\">our awareness of them has risen exponentially\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To date, astronomers know of more than 27,000 \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/stats/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">near-Earth asteroids\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and discover about 3,000 more every year. Of these, 9,948 are larger than 460 feet across, and 889 are larger than a half mile in diameter, large enough to inflict regional or global devastation should they impact our planet — so the importance of tracking their orbital motions and projecting their paths into the future is plain. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978205\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 770px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/asteroid_2021PJ1-JPL-Sept2021.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"770\" height=\"433\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/asteroid_2021PJ1-JPL-Sept2021.jpg 770w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/asteroid_2021PJ1-JPL-Sept2021-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/asteroid_2021PJ1-JPL-Sept2021-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Radar image of 2021 PJ1, the 1,000th near-Earth asteroid detected by radar observations since 1968. 2021 PJ1 is a 65- to 100-foot asteroid that passed about 1 million miles from Earth in August 2021. \u003ccite>(NASA/JPL-Caltech)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/about/basics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Asteroids that cross Earth’s orbit\u003c/a> and present the possibility of collision are, obviously, the ones to keep the closest eye on. Those larger than 460 feet (about the length of one-and-a-half football fields) are considered potentially hazardous objects — the cars on the freeway that can make your heart jump. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What would happen if an asteroid hit Earth?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s happened before: a major asteroid or comet impact with Earth. Sixty-six million years ago, a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lpi.usra.edu/science/kring/Chicxulub/regional-effects/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">6-mile-wide asteroid\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> hit the northern top of the Yucatan Peninsula and wrought global devastation that contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs, along with 75% of all species living at the time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On average, an impact on the scale of the dinosaur-killer happens about every 100 million years. The good news is, pretty much all asteroids even approaching that size have been found and their orbits mapped out very accurately, and none of them is projected to come near Earth. Their orbits are fairly stable and can be accurately predicted far into the future. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 985px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"985\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020.jpg 985w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020-800x449.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/01/pia24037_nasa-2020QG-SUV-aug2020-768x431.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration of near-Earth asteroid 2020 QG, an SUV-sized rock that passed within 1,830 miles of Earth’s surface in August 2020. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But smaller asteroids are another matter. Their orbits are more strongly influenced by gravitational interactions with planets and other effects, which complicates predictions of their future whereabouts. They’re also harder to detect, so there are many yet unknown. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Smaller asteroids also are more numerous, and they both pass near and impact Earth more frequently. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2008/30jun_tunguska\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">In 1908, a collision\u003c/a> by a large object caused an aerial explosion over Siberia that flattened forests for miles around and sent tremors through Earth that were detected by seismographs in London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/feature/five-years-after-the-chelyabinsk-meteor-nasa-leads-efforts-in-planetary-defense\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">In 2013, a 20-meter object\u003c/a> exploded in Earth’s atmosphere above the Russian city of Chelyabinsk. The shockwave shattered windows and caused some brick structures to collapse, and though there were no fatalities, over 1,400 people were injured by indirect causes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Smaller chunks of rock burn up in Earth’s atmosphere or hit the ground on a daily basis, and though their effects may be minor, they usually go undetected until only hours before impact, if at all, coming at us with little or no advance warning. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Like a fender bender in traffic, even the smallest meteorite impact could spoil someone’s day, or worse, so keeping tabs on the traffic around Earth is important. Knowing what’s coming at you is the first step in predicting, and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://b612foundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">possibly avoiding\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a collision. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California Court OKs Controversial Newark Housing Plan Along Its Climate-Vulnerable Wetlands",
"headTitle": "California Court OKs Controversial Newark Housing Plan Along Its Climate-Vulnerable Wetlands | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A California district court has sided with the city of Newark and developer \u003ca href=\"https://www.sobrato.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Sobrato Organization\u003c/a> in a lawsuit filed by environmental groups who challenged a plan to build hundreds of two-story tract homes along fragile wetlands in Alameda County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists said the dwellings would be built in a federal flood zone and could succumb to rising seas in coming decades, arguing that the project’s environmental review was inadequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s 1st District Court of Appeal disagreed and \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/opinions/nonpub/A162045.PDF\">ruled that the city and developers could move forward\u003c/a> with permitting plans for Sanctuary West: 469 single-family, market-rate homes on four elevated peninsulas close to Newark’s shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The City’s potential responses to environmental conditions between 50 and 80 years from now cannot be considered part of the current project,” the ruling said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate models show this area underwater as warming \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977890/the-bay-is-rising-newark-residents-wonder-why-the-city-plans-to-develop-its-shoreline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temperatures push bay water higher\u003c/a>. After reviewing the state’s latest climate science, the developer and city now plan to raise the homes above projected floodwater levels and limit the project to areas adjacent to the wetland itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But scientists have questioned whether the city should build in this upland area, where wetlands would naturally migrate as tides rise, and say it could rob the city of natural flood protections in the future. Environmentalists \u003ca href=\"https://snwsavenewarkwetlands.kinsta.cloud/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Activists-Redouble-Efforts-to-Protect-At-Risk-SF-Bay-Wetlands-CCCR-07-13-2021.pdf\">challenged the project with multiple lawsuits\u003c/a> in an effort to strengthen environmental mitigations — or derail the project entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The range of projections for sea levels by that time are wide and sea levels at different ends of those projections could warrant significantly different responses,” the ruling said. “Because the City currently can only dimly guess what measures will be needed to respond to conditions several generations from now, the City was not required to analyze the impacts of the adaptive pathways as part of this project.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court said that “sea level rise is not an impact on the environment caused by the project,” and noted that the state’s landmark conservation law, the California Environmental Quality Act, requires strict analysis of a project’s impact on the environment, and not the environment’s impact on a project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jana Sokale, with \u003ca href=\"https://savenewarkwetlands.org/about-us/\">The Citizens Committee to Complete the Refuge\u003c/a>, one of the environmental groups that sued, said the decision is shortsighted and doesn’t take the threat of rising sea levels seriously. She believes building 3,000-square-foot homes in an area that climate models show could flood puts residents on the front line of climate change and leaves them on the hook for adapting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t keep doing what we’ve been doing, and Earth is telling us that every year in big ways — and we just are not listening,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newark residents like Sokale say the decision to continue with a community on one of the last Bay Area wetlands — sponges that soak up floodwaters — shows that local, regional and state agencies aren’t taking climate change as the crisis it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Laws and regulations around the bay and within California are inadequate to protect these lands in the face of climate change,” she said. “The laws have not grasped what is ahead for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sobrato Organization did not respond to KQED’s request for comment. Newark officials were not immediately available.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The next step: permitting\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To avoid some state regulations, the developer positioned Sanctuary West out of the purview of the Bay Conservation and Development Commission, or BCDC: 100 feet from the shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The developer looked at BCDC and said, ‘I’m going to move the project out of your jurisdiction.’ There’s nothing that [we] can do with regard to that development project,” said Larry Goldzband, executive director of BCDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/sanfranciscobay/\">The San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board\u003c/a> say they intend to make it difficult for developers to build along Newark’s wetlands. Last winter, the board received nearly \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/bayrefuge/status/1362798232124805132?s=21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">5,000 petitions\u003c/a> from residents who urged them to challenge the project. Environmental groups are still \u003ca href=\"https://savenewarkwetlands.org/take-action/\">calling for the permanent protection and restoration\u003c/a> of both the wetland and upland areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ezraromero/status/1470629613311201284\">a letter to the developer\u003c/a> dated May 2020, the board said the group’s plan to raise the potential homes out of the floodplain with more than a million cubic yards of dirt will “alter the existing wetland hydrology” and that the housing would disrupt endangered species, recreation and wildlife habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, Xavier Fernandez, planning manager for the board, said The Sobrato Organization should expect permitting to be very expensive. He says the board would like to push the project further into the existing city footprint or have the developer “not build it at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the agency official’s vocal concerns, because of their limited jurisdiction they can’t outright reject the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BCDC outlined a potential fix to the regulatory loophole in a new regional sea level rise adaptation plan, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayadapt.org/\">Bay\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayadapt.org/\">Adapt.\u003c/a> The plan would require broad regional cooperation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency says there are opportunities for new policies that better interpret the future effects of climate change and rising seas. One option: expanding BCDC’s jurisdiction beyond 100 feet from the shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that would require a change to the agency’s jurisdiction, which would take years and require conversations with all the agencies, cities, counties and people involved.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A California district court has sided with the city of Newark and developer \u003ca href=\"https://www.sobrato.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Sobrato Organization\u003c/a> in a lawsuit filed by environmental groups who challenged a plan to build hundreds of two-story tract homes along fragile wetlands in Alameda County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists said the dwellings would be built in a federal flood zone and could succumb to rising seas in coming decades, arguing that the project’s environmental review was inadequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s 1st District Court of Appeal disagreed and \u003ca href=\"https://www.courts.ca.gov/opinions/nonpub/A162045.PDF\">ruled that the city and developers could move forward\u003c/a> with permitting plans for Sanctuary West: 469 single-family, market-rate homes on four elevated peninsulas close to Newark’s shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The City’s potential responses to environmental conditions between 50 and 80 years from now cannot be considered part of the current project,” the ruling said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate models show this area underwater as warming \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977890/the-bay-is-rising-newark-residents-wonder-why-the-city-plans-to-develop-its-shoreline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temperatures push bay water higher\u003c/a>. After reviewing the state’s latest climate science, the developer and city now plan to raise the homes above projected floodwater levels and limit the project to areas adjacent to the wetland itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But scientists have questioned whether the city should build in this upland area, where wetlands would naturally migrate as tides rise, and say it could rob the city of natural flood protections in the future. Environmentalists \u003ca href=\"https://snwsavenewarkwetlands.kinsta.cloud/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Activists-Redouble-Efforts-to-Protect-At-Risk-SF-Bay-Wetlands-CCCR-07-13-2021.pdf\">challenged the project with multiple lawsuits\u003c/a> in an effort to strengthen environmental mitigations — or derail the project entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The range of projections for sea levels by that time are wide and sea levels at different ends of those projections could warrant significantly different responses,” the ruling said. “Because the City currently can only dimly guess what measures will be needed to respond to conditions several generations from now, the City was not required to analyze the impacts of the adaptive pathways as part of this project.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court said that “sea level rise is not an impact on the environment caused by the project,” and noted that the state’s landmark conservation law, the California Environmental Quality Act, requires strict analysis of a project’s impact on the environment, and not the environment’s impact on a project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jana Sokale, with \u003ca href=\"https://savenewarkwetlands.org/about-us/\">The Citizens Committee to Complete the Refuge\u003c/a>, one of the environmental groups that sued, said the decision is shortsighted and doesn’t take the threat of rising sea levels seriously. She believes building 3,000-square-foot homes in an area that climate models show could flood puts residents on the front line of climate change and leaves them on the hook for adapting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t keep doing what we’ve been doing, and Earth is telling us that every year in big ways — and we just are not listening,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newark residents like Sokale say the decision to continue with a community on one of the last Bay Area wetlands — sponges that soak up floodwaters — shows that local, regional and state agencies aren’t taking climate change as the crisis it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Laws and regulations around the bay and within California are inadequate to protect these lands in the face of climate change,” she said. “The laws have not grasped what is ahead for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sobrato Organization did not respond to KQED’s request for comment. Newark officials were not immediately available.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The next step: permitting\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To avoid some state regulations, the developer positioned Sanctuary West out of the purview of the Bay Conservation and Development Commission, or BCDC: 100 feet from the shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The developer looked at BCDC and said, ‘I’m going to move the project out of your jurisdiction.’ There’s nothing that [we] can do with regard to that development project,” said Larry Goldzband, executive director of BCDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/sanfranciscobay/\">The San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board\u003c/a> say they intend to make it difficult for developers to build along Newark’s wetlands. Last winter, the board received nearly \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/bayrefuge/status/1362798232124805132?s=21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">5,000 petitions\u003c/a> from residents who urged them to challenge the project. Environmental groups are still \u003ca href=\"https://savenewarkwetlands.org/take-action/\">calling for the permanent protection and restoration\u003c/a> of both the wetland and upland areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ezraromero/status/1470629613311201284\">a letter to the developer\u003c/a> dated May 2020, the board said the group’s plan to raise the potential homes out of the floodplain with more than a million cubic yards of dirt will “alter the existing wetland hydrology” and that the housing would disrupt endangered species, recreation and wildlife habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, Xavier Fernandez, planning manager for the board, said The Sobrato Organization should expect permitting to be very expensive. He says the board would like to push the project further into the existing city footprint or have the developer “not build it at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the agency official’s vocal concerns, because of their limited jurisdiction they can’t outright reject the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BCDC outlined a potential fix to the regulatory loophole in a new regional sea level rise adaptation plan, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayadapt.org/\">Bay\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayadapt.org/\">Adapt.\u003c/a> The plan would require broad regional cooperation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency says there are opportunities for new policies that better interpret the future effects of climate change and rising seas. One option: expanding BCDC’s jurisdiction beyond 100 feet from the shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that would require a change to the agency’s jurisdiction, which would take years and require conversations with all the agencies, cities, counties and people involved.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "See California Wildlife Return to Wildfire Zones, Courtesy of Hidden Cameras",
"headTitle": "See California Wildlife Return to Wildfire Zones, Courtesy of Hidden Cameras | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>[gallery ids=\"1978095,1978107,1978108,1978104,1978102,1978103,1978100,1978105,1978106\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a wildfire blazes through a forest, animals need to fly or run away or burrow underground and hide. Larger animals like \u003ca href=\"https://myodfw.com/articles/wildfire-and-its-impact-fish-and-wildlife\">deer and elk may seek safety in a lake or river\u003c/a>. During the most ferocious fires, some animals die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do California’s worsening fires mean for the state’s wildlife? Researchers at the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, or CDFW, and UC Berkeley asked this question, and offer some answers in a \u003ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ddi.13374\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent study published\u003c/a> in Diversity and Distributions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using some 1,500 camera traps set mostly in Northern California forests, and gathering nearly half a million images over a decade, the researchers found that areas where fires were less severe tend to have an increase in biodiversity, particularly in forest carnivores like bears and bobcats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes sense if you look [at] what these forests have evolved and adapted to over millennia — that fire was much more common,” said lead author Brett Furnas, a quantitative ecologist with CDFW. “And more of that fire was low-severity than high-severity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low-severity fire probably helps carnivores hunt because the regrowth of understory plants, like grasses, flowers and shrubs, support the small mammals that carnivores prey upon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Furnas says seeing (through the camera traps) how animals use areas after fire shows that moving back to a more natural, pre-colonial, pre-suppression fire regime, where fires are more frequent and less intense, would benefit plants and animals in forest ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978119\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1978119 size-medium\" title=\"Image from figure in Diversity and Distributions\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM-800x632.png\" alt=\"Showing location of camera traps.\" width=\"800\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM-800x632.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM-160x126.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM-768x607.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM.png 1018w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Map of the camera trap locations in Northern California from figure in study supported by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One way to achieve this is by using prescribed fires or controlled burns. This is a win for wildlife, says Furnas, and a win for public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native people in California (and all over the world) have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1973196/the-karuk-used-fire-to-manage-the-forest-for-centuries-now-they-want-to-do-that-again\">set fires on the landscape since time immemorial\u003c/a> to increase biodiversity and protect against catastrophic fires. California is in the midst of a movement to restore more native burning and prescribed burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can use controlled burning to mimic a lot of these same effects that we get from low-severity fire. That’s good for wildlife. But we know it’s also good for a lot of things,” Furnas says. “It mitigates the air pollution and also the risk to people’s homes and all the other things that we see with these really large fires that are out of control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding some nuance, Furnas says it’s ultimately best for an ecosystem to have a variety of types of fire, including small patches of severe fire and small patches that have not burned for a long time. Unburned areas, for example, can provide higher forest cover suitable for breeding, resting or hiding. Patches of high-severity fire can be good for restarting forest succession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A diversity of fire is important,” he says. “We know that wildlife likes diversity, not just one thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camera traps captured many thousands of images of wildlife, including 15 species of carnivores, such as foxes, martens, badgers and weasels. We asked Furnas to send us some of his favorite images from the camera traps. Please enjoy (above).\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "These bears, mountain lions, bobcats, martens and other forest carnivores, such as foxes and badgers, find good habitat in forests where fires burn with low severity. ",
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"description": "These bears, mountain lions, bobcats, martens and other forest carnivores, such as foxes and badgers, find good habitat in forests where fires burn with low severity. ",
"title": "See California Wildlife Return to Wildfire Zones, Courtesy of Hidden Cameras | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a wildfire blazes through a forest, animals need to fly or run away or burrow underground and hide. Larger animals like \u003ca href=\"https://myodfw.com/articles/wildfire-and-its-impact-fish-and-wildlife\">deer and elk may seek safety in a lake or river\u003c/a>. During the most ferocious fires, some animals die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do California’s worsening fires mean for the state’s wildlife? Researchers at the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, or CDFW, and UC Berkeley asked this question, and offer some answers in a \u003ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ddi.13374\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent study published\u003c/a> in Diversity and Distributions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using some 1,500 camera traps set mostly in Northern California forests, and gathering nearly half a million images over a decade, the researchers found that areas where fires were less severe tend to have an increase in biodiversity, particularly in forest carnivores like bears and bobcats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes sense if you look [at] what these forests have evolved and adapted to over millennia — that fire was much more common,” said lead author Brett Furnas, a quantitative ecologist with CDFW. “And more of that fire was low-severity than high-severity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low-severity fire probably helps carnivores hunt because the regrowth of understory plants, like grasses, flowers and shrubs, support the small mammals that carnivores prey upon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Furnas says seeing (through the camera traps) how animals use areas after fire shows that moving back to a more natural, pre-colonial, pre-suppression fire regime, where fires are more frequent and less intense, would benefit plants and animals in forest ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978119\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1978119 size-medium\" title=\"Image from figure in Diversity and Distributions\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM-800x632.png\" alt=\"Showing location of camera traps.\" width=\"800\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM-800x632.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM-160x126.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM-768x607.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/Screen-Shot-2021-12-23-at-3.43.43-PM.png 1018w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Map of the camera trap locations in Northern California from figure in study supported by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One way to achieve this is by using prescribed fires or controlled burns. This is a win for wildlife, says Furnas, and a win for public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native people in California (and all over the world) have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1973196/the-karuk-used-fire-to-manage-the-forest-for-centuries-now-they-want-to-do-that-again\">set fires on the landscape since time immemorial\u003c/a> to increase biodiversity and protect against catastrophic fires. California is in the midst of a movement to restore more native burning and prescribed burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can use controlled burning to mimic a lot of these same effects that we get from low-severity fire. That’s good for wildlife. But we know it’s also good for a lot of things,” Furnas says. “It mitigates the air pollution and also the risk to people’s homes and all the other things that we see with these really large fires that are out of control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding some nuance, Furnas says it’s ultimately best for an ecosystem to have a variety of types of fire, including small patches of severe fire and small patches that have not burned for a long time. Unburned areas, for example, can provide higher forest cover suitable for breeding, resting or hiding. Patches of high-severity fire can be good for restarting forest succession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A diversity of fire is important,” he says. “We know that wildlife likes diversity, not just one thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camera traps captured many thousands of images of wildlife, including 15 species of carnivores, such as foxes, martens, badgers and weasels. We asked Furnas to send us some of his favorite images from the camera traps. Please enjoy (above).\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "After Their Son Was Swept Into The Ocean, This Fremont Family Turned Their Grief Into Advocacy",
"headTitle": "After Their Son Was Swept Into The Ocean, This Fremont Family Turned Their Grief Into Advocacy | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Find tips for staying safe at the beach this winter at the \u003ca href=\"#question\">bottom of this post\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last January, Sharmistha Chakraborty and Tarun Pruthi lost their 12-year-old son, Arunay Pruthi, after he was swept off the beach by a wave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the help of other beachgoers “we couldn’t get to him because there was no device or equipment to throw at him,” Sharmistha said. “They were trying to make ropes out of tents, pulling them apart, trying to make a long line so they could throw it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort proved unsuccessful. Arunay drifted away too quickly, after being dragged into the ocean by a sneaker wave — a dangerous surge of ocean water that suddenly pushes high on the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since that tragic day, the Fremont couple has funneled their grief into a mission to protect others from living the same tragedy. Their advocacy resulted in the installation of permanent lifesaving stations and ring buoys at three local Bay Area beaches last November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1978070 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach.jpg\" alt=\"A women with a beige trenchcoat and a man with a gray fleece stand on a bluff looking over the ocean. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sharmistha Chakraborty and Tarun Pruthi, parents of 12-year-old Arunay Pruthi, who drowned at Cowell Ranch State Beach in Half Moon Bay, Calif. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The family hopes that warning signs and the rings, which are attached to 100 feet of rope, will alert people to the danger of the ocean and help those who are drowning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arunay was one of at least 11 people who died or nearly drowned at Bay Area beaches last fall and winter, according to the National Weather Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drew Peterson, a meteorologist with the agency, says the public is increasingly aware of this once little-known coastal hazard, in part because of tragic stories like Arunay’s. And that’s critical, he says, to prevent more people\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>from being involved in ocean-related deaths and accidents each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sneaker waves claimed so many lives last year, in part, because people flocked to the beach to enjoy unseasonably warm weather at a safe outlet during the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Bay Area officials are warning the public to be extra cautious, especially now as we enter the winter months, prime season for sneaker waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peterson says the number of beach hazard events is already higher than at this time last year, when beaches were pummeled by huge swells. He attributes the increase to La Niña conditions and a high-pressure ridge that creates unseasonable, dry weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weather pattern also allows offshore storms to transfer energy to the ocean’s surface and spawn long, powerful waves that fan out along the California coastline, surprising beachgoers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978071\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1978071 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10.jpg\" alt=\"White ocean water rises up along brown sand. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">High tide waves at Mavericks Beach in Half Moon Bay, Calif., on Dec. 5, 2021. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>The season for sneaker waves\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A sneaker wave, sometimes referred to as a “sleeper wave,” is a large, unusual train of waves that can surge up powerfully on a beach with no apparent warning. They often arrive after lengthy periods of gentle, lapping waves, knocking people off their feet into the cold water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The season for sneaker waves can begin as early as September and continue to April, though they are most likely from December to February, Peterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For much of the West Coast, sneaker waves kill more people than all other weather hazards combined, according to the National Weather Service’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/safety/ripcurrent-waves\">website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area’s coastline was active early this year, with three reported drownings in mid-September due to sneaker waves and associated rip currents, Peterson said. The drownings occurred along the craggy, winding shoreline between Davenport and Santa Cruz. Two people drowned at Panther Beach and another — a 17-year-old swimmer and cross-country athlete — at Laguna Creek State Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ocean is a very powerful force of nature,” Peterson said. “People should understand that any day on the coast can be a dangerous or deadly day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘How can we not know?’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before their son died, Sharmistha and Tarun had never heard of sneaker waves, although they’d visited beaches all over the world. Now, Sharmistha wonders why more people haven’t either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought: ‘How can we not know?’” she said. “And if we did not know, that means hundreds of other families don’t know either —maybe even thousands more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sneaker waves not only sweep away unsuspecting beachgoers, said Tuba Özkan-Haller, a professor of ocean science at Oregon State University. They can also knock them off of rocks and logs, or wash them out of beachside caves and pocket beaches with high-walled bluffs, like those at Cowell Ranch State Beach, where Arunay drowned. Once a person is in the ocean, the cold water can cause hypothermia within minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It does not look like a curling wave,” she said. “It looks like the tide is rising fast over the course of a few minutes, and it just keeps coming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conditions need to be right for sneaker waves to push up along Bay Area beaches. They are generated by storms offshore in the northern Pacific Ocean and arrive only if there’s no local storm to disrupt or weaken them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They often can hit on a beautiful day that basically invites people to come right out to the beach,” Özkan-Haller said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most years, sneaker waves are responsible for several drownings or near drownings from Northern California to southern Washington, but many are unreported, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So often the stories of people being affected by sneaker waves are tragic,” she said. “It’s a split second, and your life can change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Tragedy strikes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It seemed the perfect day for a beach outing, sunny and unseasonably warm, Sharmistha recalled. It was the family’s first time visiting Cowell Ranch State Beach in Half Moon Bay. They were joined by a group of other families on Martin Luther King Jr. Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They hadn’t been there long, when a powerful sneaker wave ran up the beach, knocking their younger son, 8-year-old Siddhant, off his feet as he was playing at the water’s edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarun dashed into the water after him, with Sharmistha following, both desperately trying to grab hold of their younger son. But they were rocked about and flung in all directions by a set of turbulent waves, the sand shifting underneath their feet with each step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, Sharmistha lost consciousness, but awoke with relief when she saw Tarun and Siddhant on the beach beside her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then they realized that their older son, Arunay, who they’d last seen higher up on the beach playing frisbee, was missing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He knew he was the best swimmer of all of us in the family,” she said. “Maybe that’s the reason he thought he needed to jump into the water to save us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water “looked deceptively calm that day,” Tarun said. “In a matter of a minute, no one was able to hold their ground, the wave was just way too strong. It created a churn. I remember going up and down, just like a washing machine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then “someone grabbed my hand and pulled me out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Throwing a lifeline\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A couple dozen people formed several long lines — human chains with linked arms — and were able to save Tarun, Sharmistha and their youngest son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chain of people tried to reach Arunay, too, but he had drifted past their reach. They tried to tie tents together to throw out to him, but weren’t able to do so in time. By the time first responders arrived, he was no longer visible from the shore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where the idea of installing ring buoys on beaches came from, and that’s how our journey started,” Sharmistha said, adding that she believes Arunay might be alive today if one had been nearby that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The right tools for beach safety\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In May, the couple started the \u003ca href=\"https://www.arunayfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Arunay Foundation\u003c/a>, in their son’s name, to advocate for beach safety. They worked with Eric Jones of \u003ca href=\"https://www.seavalor.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sea Valor\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that teaches sailing to veterans with PTSD and kids from underserved communities, to build and install the emergency buoy stations. He played a key role in the more than six-week search for their son’s body, which was not recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They hope that the buoy stations at Mavericks Beach, Pillar Point Harbor and Surfers Beach in Half Moon Bay are just the beginning, the couple said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their organization has advocated for more lifeguards and better warning systems, and designed a beach safety class — similar to those for earthquakes and fires — that they hope will be taught across California to schoolchildren.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are more exposed to the beach than they are exposed to a fire or earthquake, so beach safety should be a part of the curriculum, too,” Tarun said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A smiling mother holds her young son. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1282\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-1536x1026.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arunay Pruthi with his mother, Sharmistha Chakraborty, photographed on May 29, 2017. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of family)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>‘Still searching’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It was less than a year ago that they lost their son. Yet, the couple quickly realized that they needed to spring into action to prevent other tragedies, even at times when they felt more like staying at home under a blanket, Sharmistha said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Something has to be done so that tomorrow this doesn’t happen to anyone else’s child,” she said. “But the sadness doesn’t go away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarun used to love the beach, but he says he no longer enjoys it. And when he does go, it’s no longer to relax, but to advocate for beach safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, they attended a dedication ceremony for the buoy station at Pillar Point Harbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last May, they went to a dedication for a memorial picnic table for their son at Cowell Ranch State Beach. The ceremony occurred on what would have been his 13th birthday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarun says that he and his wife still hope to see a sign of Arunay, when they walk the half-mile trek past the coyote brush and thistles to the beach where they lost him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every time I come here, I’m always searching,” he said. “Still looking for him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1978073 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sharmistha Chakraborty and Tarun Pruthi look out at the beach where they lost their son. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"question\">\u003c/a>Tips for staying safe at the beach:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Check the National Weather Service Bay Area’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">website \u003c/a>and social media for coastal hazard advisories and warnings. Arrive knowing the weather, tide and surf forecast.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Never turn your back on the ocean. Examine wave activity for 20 minutes from higher ground. Check for wet or dark sand before deciding where to sit. Build in a buffer between you and the surf. Stay further back than you think is necessary and expand the buffer if the beach is low or sloping.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Always have an exit plan. Are you able to get to higher ground easily? Or is it difficult to scramble up the rocks or dunes behind you? If waves do swamp the beach, you should be able to get to higher ground quickly — within 20 seconds — and take into account how able-bodied you are.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use caution around logs near the water, which can float away or could roll on top of you.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Avoid walking or standing on rock jetties, as waves can knock you off, as well as caves and high-walled bluffs, as tides rise fast and can prevent escape.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Put children in a life vest and dogs on a leash, whenever they play close to the water.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\u003cem>Sources: Tuba Özkan-Haller and the National Weather Service\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"title": "After Their Son Was Swept Into The Ocean, This Fremont Family Turned Their Grief Into Advocacy | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Find tips for staying safe at the beach this winter at the \u003ca href=\"#question\">bottom of this post\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last January, Sharmistha Chakraborty and Tarun Pruthi lost their 12-year-old son, Arunay Pruthi, after he was swept off the beach by a wave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the help of other beachgoers “we couldn’t get to him because there was no device or equipment to throw at him,” Sharmistha said. “They were trying to make ropes out of tents, pulling them apart, trying to make a long line so they could throw it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort proved unsuccessful. Arunay drifted away too quickly, after being dragged into the ocean by a sneaker wave — a dangerous surge of ocean water that suddenly pushes high on the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since that tragic day, the Fremont couple has funneled their grief into a mission to protect others from living the same tragedy. Their advocacy resulted in the installation of permanent lifesaving stations and ring buoys at three local Bay Area beaches last November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1978070 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach.jpg\" alt=\"A women with a beige trenchcoat and a man with a gray fleece stand on a bluff looking over the ocean. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52772_CowellRanchStateBeach-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sharmistha Chakraborty and Tarun Pruthi, parents of 12-year-old Arunay Pruthi, who drowned at Cowell Ranch State Beach in Half Moon Bay, Calif. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The family hopes that warning signs and the rings, which are attached to 100 feet of rope, will alert people to the danger of the ocean and help those who are drowning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arunay was one of at least 11 people who died or nearly drowned at Bay Area beaches last fall and winter, according to the National Weather Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drew Peterson, a meteorologist with the agency, says the public is increasingly aware of this once little-known coastal hazard, in part because of tragic stories like Arunay’s. And that’s critical, he says, to prevent more people\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>from being involved in ocean-related deaths and accidents each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sneaker waves claimed so many lives last year, in part, because people flocked to the beach to enjoy unseasonably warm weather at a safe outlet during the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Bay Area officials are warning the public to be extra cautious, especially now as we enter the winter months, prime season for sneaker waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peterson says the number of beach hazard events is already higher than at this time last year, when beaches were pummeled by huge swells. He attributes the increase to La Niña conditions and a high-pressure ridge that creates unseasonable, dry weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weather pattern also allows offshore storms to transfer energy to the ocean’s surface and spawn long, powerful waves that fan out along the California coastline, surprising beachgoers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978071\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1978071 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10.jpg\" alt=\"White ocean water rises up along brown sand. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52919_PillarPointMavericksBeaches-10-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">High tide waves at Mavericks Beach in Half Moon Bay, Calif., on Dec. 5, 2021. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>The season for sneaker waves\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A sneaker wave, sometimes referred to as a “sleeper wave,” is a large, unusual train of waves that can surge up powerfully on a beach with no apparent warning. They often arrive after lengthy periods of gentle, lapping waves, knocking people off their feet into the cold water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The season for sneaker waves can begin as early as September and continue to April, though they are most likely from December to February, Peterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For much of the West Coast, sneaker waves kill more people than all other weather hazards combined, according to the National Weather Service’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/safety/ripcurrent-waves\">website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area’s coastline was active early this year, with three reported drownings in mid-September due to sneaker waves and associated rip currents, Peterson said. The drownings occurred along the craggy, winding shoreline between Davenport and Santa Cruz. Two people drowned at Panther Beach and another — a 17-year-old swimmer and cross-country athlete — at Laguna Creek State Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ocean is a very powerful force of nature,” Peterson said. “People should understand that any day on the coast can be a dangerous or deadly day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘How can we not know?’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before their son died, Sharmistha and Tarun had never heard of sneaker waves, although they’d visited beaches all over the world. Now, Sharmistha wonders why more people haven’t either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought: ‘How can we not know?’” she said. “And if we did not know, that means hundreds of other families don’t know either —maybe even thousands more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sneaker waves not only sweep away unsuspecting beachgoers, said Tuba Özkan-Haller, a professor of ocean science at Oregon State University. They can also knock them off of rocks and logs, or wash them out of beachside caves and pocket beaches with high-walled bluffs, like those at Cowell Ranch State Beach, where Arunay drowned. Once a person is in the ocean, the cold water can cause hypothermia within minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It does not look like a curling wave,” she said. “It looks like the tide is rising fast over the course of a few minutes, and it just keeps coming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conditions need to be right for sneaker waves to push up along Bay Area beaches. They are generated by storms offshore in the northern Pacific Ocean and arrive only if there’s no local storm to disrupt or weaken them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They often can hit on a beautiful day that basically invites people to come right out to the beach,” Özkan-Haller said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most years, sneaker waves are responsible for several drownings or near drownings from Northern California to southern Washington, but many are unreported, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So often the stories of people being affected by sneaker waves are tragic,” she said. “It’s a split second, and your life can change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Tragedy strikes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It seemed the perfect day for a beach outing, sunny and unseasonably warm, Sharmistha recalled. It was the family’s first time visiting Cowell Ranch State Beach in Half Moon Bay. They were joined by a group of other families on Martin Luther King Jr. Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They hadn’t been there long, when a powerful sneaker wave ran up the beach, knocking their younger son, 8-year-old Siddhant, off his feet as he was playing at the water’s edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarun dashed into the water after him, with Sharmistha following, both desperately trying to grab hold of their younger son. But they were rocked about and flung in all directions by a set of turbulent waves, the sand shifting underneath their feet with each step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, Sharmistha lost consciousness, but awoke with relief when she saw Tarun and Siddhant on the beach beside her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then they realized that their older son, Arunay, who they’d last seen higher up on the beach playing frisbee, was missing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He knew he was the best swimmer of all of us in the family,” she said. “Maybe that’s the reason he thought he needed to jump into the water to save us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water “looked deceptively calm that day,” Tarun said. “In a matter of a minute, no one was able to hold their ground, the wave was just way too strong. It created a churn. I remember going up and down, just like a washing machine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then “someone grabbed my hand and pulled me out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Throwing a lifeline\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A couple dozen people formed several long lines — human chains with linked arms — and were able to save Tarun, Sharmistha and their youngest son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chain of people tried to reach Arunay, too, but he had drifted past their reach. They tried to tie tents together to throw out to him, but weren’t able to do so in time. By the time first responders arrived, he was no longer visible from the shore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where the idea of installing ring buoys on beaches came from, and that’s how our journey started,” Sharmistha said, adding that she believes Arunay might be alive today if one had been nearby that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The right tools for beach safety\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In May, the couple started the \u003ca href=\"https://www.arunayfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Arunay Foundation\u003c/a>, in their son’s name, to advocate for beach safety. They worked with Eric Jones of \u003ca href=\"https://www.seavalor.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sea Valor\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that teaches sailing to veterans with PTSD and kids from underserved communities, to build and install the emergency buoy stations. He played a key role in the more than six-week search for their son’s body, which was not recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They hope that the buoy stations at Mavericks Beach, Pillar Point Harbor and Surfers Beach in Half Moon Bay are just the beginning, the couple said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their organization has advocated for more lifeguards and better warning systems, and designed a beach safety class — similar to those for earthquakes and fires — that they hope will be taught across California to schoolchildren.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are more exposed to the beach than they are exposed to a fire or earthquake, so beach safety should be a part of the curriculum, too,” Tarun said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A smiling mother holds her young son. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1282\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52951_Arunay-Pruthi-3-qut-1536x1026.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arunay Pruthi with his mother, Sharmistha Chakraborty, photographed on May 29, 2017. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of family)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>‘Still searching’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It was less than a year ago that they lost their son. Yet, the couple quickly realized that they needed to spring into action to prevent other tragedies, even at times when they felt more like staying at home under a blanket, Sharmistha said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Something has to be done so that tomorrow this doesn’t happen to anyone else’s child,” she said. “But the sadness doesn’t go away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarun used to love the beach, but he says he no longer enjoys it. And when he does go, it’s no longer to relax, but to advocate for beach safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, they attended a dedication ceremony for the buoy station at Pillar Point Harbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last May, they went to a dedication for a memorial picnic table for their son at Cowell Ranch State Beach. The ceremony occurred on what would have been his 13th birthday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarun says that he and his wife still hope to see a sign of Arunay, when they walk the half-mile trek past the coyote brush and thistles to the beach where they lost him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every time I come here, I’m always searching,” he said. “Still looking for him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1978073 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/RS52773_CowellRanchStateBeach-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sharmistha Chakraborty and Tarun Pruthi look out at the beach where they lost their son. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"question\">\u003c/a>Tips for staying safe at the beach:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Check the National Weather Service Bay Area’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">website \u003c/a>and social media for coastal hazard advisories and warnings. Arrive knowing the weather, tide and surf forecast.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Never turn your back on the ocean. Examine wave activity for 20 minutes from higher ground. Check for wet or dark sand before deciding where to sit. Build in a buffer between you and the surf. Stay further back than you think is necessary and expand the buffer if the beach is low or sloping.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Always have an exit plan. Are you able to get to higher ground easily? Or is it difficult to scramble up the rocks or dunes behind you? If waves do swamp the beach, you should be able to get to higher ground quickly — within 20 seconds — and take into account how able-bodied you are.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use caution around logs near the water, which can float away or could roll on top of you.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Avoid walking or standing on rock jetties, as waves can knock you off, as well as caves and high-walled bluffs, as tides rise fast and can prevent escape.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Put children in a life vest and dogs on a leash, whenever they play close to the water.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\u003cem>Sources: Tuba Özkan-Haller and the National Weather Service\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Former Theranos CEO Elizabeth Holmes Is Found Guilty on 4 Counts in Her Fraud trial",
"headTitle": "Former Theranos CEO Elizabeth Holmes Is Found Guilty on 4 Counts in Her Fraud trial | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Elizabeth Holmes, the former chief executive of the once high-flying biotech startup Theranos, was found \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/elizabeth-holmes-trial-theranos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">guilty on four of 11 charges\u003c/a> of defrauding the company’s investors and patients. She was found not guilty on four counts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes could face up to 20 years in prison, although legal experts say her sentence is likely to be less than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the nearly four-month federal trial in San Jose, jurors heard from over 30 witnesses called by prosecutors. Together, they painted Holmes as a charismatic entrepreneur who secured hundreds of millions of dollars in investment for a medical device that never delivered on her promises. When Theranos’ technology fell short, the government argued, Holmes covered it up and kept insisting that the machines would transform how diseases are diagnosed through blood tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury’s decision followed seven days of deliberations. Still, the jury could not reach a unanimous decision on three charges, which will be resolved at a later date..\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Holmes accuses deputy Ramesh “Sunny” Balwani of sexual abuse\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Holmes took the witness stand for more than 20 hours to defend herself. She accused her ex-boyfriend and former deputy at Theranos, Ramesh “Sunny” Balwani, of sexual abuse, saying that clouded her sense of judgement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani faces a separate fraud trial in the same court in February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes also showed remorse on the stand. She said she wished she had handled some key business matters differently. But she blamed others for the downfall of Theranos. She said lab directors whom she had trusted were the ones closest to the technology. And she said Balwani, not her, oversaw the company’s financial forecasts, which were later discovered to be grossly inflated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the government offered evidence that Holmes had an iron grip on Theranos’ operations. Prosecutors argued she did not stop — and even helped spread —falsehoods about the company that misled investors into pouring millions into the startup. Theranos’ value, once estimated at more than $9 billion, was ultimately squandered.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Promised a finger prick of blood would scan for hundreds of diseases\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Holmes dropped out of Stanford at age 19 to found Theranos. She claimed she had invented a new way to scan for hundreds of diseases using just a drop or two of blood from a finger prick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Theranos’ machines were rolled out to Walgreens stores in California and Arizona, they gave patients false or flawed results. One patient testified that she was led to believe she was having a miscarriage after taking a Theranos test, when indeed her pregnancy was viable. Another patient thought her cancer had returned, when it had not, following a test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for Holmes have vowed to appeal. Legal experts say winning an appeal of a jury verdict is rare, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unusual for tech executives to face criminal changes when their startups collapse under the weight of unrealized promises. Former prosecutors\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/25/1040442689/elizabeth-holmes-trial-why-her-not-other-ceos\"> have said\u003c/a> that the egregiousness of the fraud at Theranos, and the fact that the startup was in the highly-regulated health care industry, where the health of private citizens is on the line, distinguished this collapse from that of other once-hyped startups that also flamed out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Former+Theranos+CEO+Elizabeth+Holmes+is+found+guilty+on+4+counts+in+her+fraud+trial+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Holmes, who was once seen as one of the most promising leaders in Silicon Valley, could spend up to 20 years in prison for lying to investors and patients of the blood-testing company. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Elizabeth Holmes, the former chief executive of the once high-flying biotech startup Theranos, was found \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/elizabeth-holmes-trial-theranos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">guilty on four of 11 charges\u003c/a> of defrauding the company’s investors and patients. She was found not guilty on four counts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes could face up to 20 years in prison, although legal experts say her sentence is likely to be less than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the nearly four-month federal trial in San Jose, jurors heard from over 30 witnesses called by prosecutors. Together, they painted Holmes as a charismatic entrepreneur who secured hundreds of millions of dollars in investment for a medical device that never delivered on her promises. When Theranos’ technology fell short, the government argued, Holmes covered it up and kept insisting that the machines would transform how diseases are diagnosed through blood tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury’s decision followed seven days of deliberations. Still, the jury could not reach a unanimous decision on three charges, which will be resolved at a later date..\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Holmes accuses deputy Ramesh “Sunny” Balwani of sexual abuse\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Holmes took the witness stand for more than 20 hours to defend herself. She accused her ex-boyfriend and former deputy at Theranos, Ramesh “Sunny” Balwani, of sexual abuse, saying that clouded her sense of judgement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani faces a separate fraud trial in the same court in February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes also showed remorse on the stand. She said she wished she had handled some key business matters differently. But she blamed others for the downfall of Theranos. She said lab directors whom she had trusted were the ones closest to the technology. And she said Balwani, not her, oversaw the company’s financial forecasts, which were later discovered to be grossly inflated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the government offered evidence that Holmes had an iron grip on Theranos’ operations. Prosecutors argued she did not stop — and even helped spread —falsehoods about the company that misled investors into pouring millions into the startup. Theranos’ value, once estimated at more than $9 billion, was ultimately squandered.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Promised a finger prick of blood would scan for hundreds of diseases\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Holmes dropped out of Stanford at age 19 to found Theranos. She claimed she had invented a new way to scan for hundreds of diseases using just a drop or two of blood from a finger prick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Theranos’ machines were rolled out to Walgreens stores in California and Arizona, they gave patients false or flawed results. One patient testified that she was led to believe she was having a miscarriage after taking a Theranos test, when indeed her pregnancy was viable. Another patient thought her cancer had returned, when it had not, following a test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for Holmes have vowed to appeal. Legal experts say winning an appeal of a jury verdict is rare, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unusual for tech executives to face criminal changes when their startups collapse under the weight of unrealized promises. Former prosecutors\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/25/1040442689/elizabeth-holmes-trial-why-her-not-other-ceos\"> have said\u003c/a> that the egregiousness of the fraud at Theranos, and the fact that the startup was in the highly-regulated health care industry, where the health of private citizens is on the line, distinguished this collapse from that of other once-hyped startups that also flamed out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Former+Theranos+CEO+Elizabeth+Holmes+is+found+guilty+on+4+counts+in+her+fraud+trial+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "2022 Promises Continued Climate Extremes, But Also A Glimmer of Hope for Californians",
"headTitle": "2022 Promises Continued Climate Extremes, But Also A Glimmer of Hope for Californians | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>It’s a brand new year, and perhaps you have hopeful resolutions in mind—losing weight, getting politically active, leaving your house more often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when you look over your shoulder, the demon that was 2021 is lurking behind you. In its eyes is the pandemic that kept you in your house for way too long, on its breath are the flames that nearly burned down your favorite part of the Sierra, the sweltering heat from last summer, and the wildfire smoke choking out the space in your lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Kristina Hill, UC Berkeley']“We should be planning now while things are stable, instead of running around treating it as a disaster in 20 years.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can’t promise 2022 will be that much better, but we can let you in on a little secret: There’s a lot of work happening and billions of dollars available to help Californians withstand the worst of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/staff/AssignmentDetail/223\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rachel Ehlers\u003c/a>, principal fiscal and policy analyst for the Legislative Analyst’s Office, says billions are set aside in the state budget over three years for adapting to climate change, including money for drought, wildfire, and environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What got climate on the front of everyone’s mind is that we had so many climate disasters last summer,” she said. “The silver lining is it is being taken as a big priority, to help avoid some of the bad impacts on the horizon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are impacts on the horizon. Stanford climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://earth.stanford.edu/people/noah-diffenbaugh#gs.kvl2oc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Noah Diffenbaugh\u003c/a> says Californians should get used to climate extremes like flooding, minimal snowpacks, and extreme heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in a climate where we’ve had so much warming already that some of these factors are becoming much more reliable predictions,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With years of inclement weather and climate events, Ehlers says Californians know what’s coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What can we do now to prepare,” she asked. “So, we don’t have people losing their homes in big wildfires or have significant health impacts because it’s too hot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Michael Méndez, UC Irvine']‘If we really want to tackle climate change and our dependence on fossil fuel as an economy, directly addressing our oil production and oil imports is a key factor for our state.’[/pullquote] Ehlers says billions of dollars in the federal infrastructure bill could \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/CALIFORNIA_The-Infrastructure-Investment-and-Jobs-Act-State-Fact-Sheet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">infuse California\u003c/a> with money to ready roads and bridges for a changing climate. There are also millions to protect infrastructure against wildfires, deliver clean drinking water to communities, and expand an electric vehicle charging network across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the infusion of cash, Ehlers cautions that throwing money at climate impacts isn’t a cure for the root cause of atmospheric warming — burning fossil fuels. And just because we have the dollars doesn’t preclude \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977844/im-ready-to-act-on-climate-do-i-start-big-or-small\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977844/im-ready-to-act-on-climate-do-i-start-big-or-small\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">actions each of us can take to calm the storm ahead of us\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.michaelanthonymendez.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Méndez\u003c/a>, author of the book “\u003ca href=\"https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300232158/climate-change-streets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Climate Change from the Streets\u003c/a>,” says people can vote and pressure local, state and federal leaders to act on climate change and phasing out fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people care about climate change and environmental issues, it’s important, they stay active and educated about who’s running for office,” he said. “Many people think that their vote doesn’t count, but we see it does count.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a glimpse of what 2022 holds for California climate-wise, click the links below.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"backtotop\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"#question1\">Weather\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question2\">Drought\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question3\">Wildfire\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question4\">Environmental Justice\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question5\">Oil & Gas\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question6\">Energy\u003c/a>| \u003ca href=\"#question7\">Electric Cars\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question8\">Sea Level Rise\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Weather\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978125\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1978125\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"Curtains of water spray up on both sides of a truck driving on a flooded street in October 2021 in Mill Valley. \" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-1020x675.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-768x508.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-1536x1016.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-2048x1355.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-1920x1270.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water kicks up as a truck drives on a flooded street in October 2021 in Mill Valley. A category 5 atmospheric river brought heavy precipitation, high winds and power outages to the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>2021 has been a year: A dry winter, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-09-09/california-records-hottest-summer-amid-heat-wave-flex-alert\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hottest summer on record\u003c/a>, wildfires, and atmospheric rivers. Brian Garcia, a warning meteorologist for the National Weather Service’s \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Area\u003c/a> office, says he’s excited to see California start the year soggy and wet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For 2022, I would expect much more normal conditions than we’ve seen over the past few years, but also expect a warmer-than-normal summer,” Garcia said. He also says long-term climate models signal a dry-out in late January or February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there may be less time to prepare for storms and heat waves. A \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/2021/12/14/warming-makes-weather-less-predictable/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent study\u003c/a> from Stanford professor \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/aditi-sheshadri\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aditi Sheshadri\u003c/a> found warming is making it harder to predict 10-day forecasts accurately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, if we know that the window of accurate predictability is going to reduce as we go forward, that is valuable knowledge for anyone who has to respond to changing weather conditions, whether it’s extreme or not,” she said.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question2\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Drought\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1975263\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1975263\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/06/oroville-drought_custom-21f30a6c6bd7d461408a015ffe94746ec6b5cd7e-1020x679.jpg\" alt=\"In an aerial view, low water levels are visible at Lake Oroville on April 27, 2021 in Oroville, California.\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Low water levels were visible at Lake Oroville on April 27, 2021. \u003ccite>(Photo: Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While 2022 is starting as wet and balmy, California needs \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977196/newsom-declares-drought-emergency-across-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">140% of average rain\u003c/a> and snow to get reservoir levels back to average. Even with recent rains, large reservoirs the state relies on for water supply, such as Lake Shasta and Lake Oroville, are still below average. But the rain has filled some small reservoirs to above-average levels; for example, Marin’s reservoir levels noticeably rise with each storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One person who’d like to see stricter drought restrictions this year is \u003ca href=\"https://waterinthewest.stanford.edu/about/people/newsha-ajami\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Newsha Ajami\u003c/a>. She’s the director of urban water policy for Stanford University’s Water in the West initiative. She says all the bouncing between weather extremes is just not working for California’s aging water system, built for a climate that does not exist anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s concerned heat waves will melt the Sierra Nevada snowpack and dry out wildlands early. That’s a large part of what exacerbated the scale of the drought and wildfires in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m looking into 2022, thinking, this is great, we are seeing another atmospheric river, lots of rain, some snow in the mountains, but I’m hoping and praying that we are not going to be hit with another heatwave that would melt all of this,” she said.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question3\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Wildfire\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1975975\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1975975\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-1020x671.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"421\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-1020x671.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-800x526.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-768x505.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-1536x1010.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A home burns as flames from the Dixie fire tear through the Indian Falls neighborhood of unincorporated Plumas County, California on July 24, 2021. Rising temperatures are drying out forests, priming them for big fires. \u003ccite>(JOSH EDELSON/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The 2021 fire season was truly ferocious, and over the past year, the sheer scale of the fires shifted the public consciousness. Californians realized how we fight wildfires isn’t working. As a result, state leaders created policy goals and \u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2021/09/16/prescribed-burns-could-help-reduce-californias-wildfires-a-new-bill-could-help-make-planned-fires-more-frequent/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">laws\u003c/a> to make it easier for fire experts to light controlled \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11887158/in-california-restoring-our-relationship-with-fire-is-possible\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">good fires\u003c/a> that clear excess vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire experts are still concerned that large, impossible-to-control wildfires will ignite again in the early summer months through the fall. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eri.ucsb.edu/people/leila-m-v-carvalho\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Leila Carvalho\u003c/a>, a UC Santa Barbara professor of meteorology and climatology, says long-term climate trends—like heat waves drying out vegetation early in the year or drier springs—will continue throughout 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Major fires will happen,” she said. “The cycles tend to repeat when we have the right conditions of winds and ignitions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Carvalho is hopeful for two significant reasons. First, the state has set aside more than a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-health-fires-climate-california-eec48e6279099449851b3c7f150cda33\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">billion dollars\u003c/a> to strategically remove brush and trees to rescue catastrophic wildfires. Second, so many scientists are studying the effects climate change and historic fire suppression has on drying wildland areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are trying to find solutions to mitigate and adapt because we have to deal with these swinging extremes in climate,” she said. “I’m hopeful that we are perhaps dealing with problems in ways we haven’t been doing before.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question4\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Environmental Justice\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Communities already dealing with the effects of climate change stand to benefit from $100 million in state funds to establish community resilience hubs where people can go when climate emergencies strike. The hubs will be permanent neighborhood-based facilities — youth centers, churches, senior centers — that can provide emergency response, including backup power, food, economic assistance, internet services and a respite from smoke-filled air.[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Alvaro Sanchez, Greenlining Institute']“The fact that we’re still hitting up against political barriers to make the progress that we need to make just indicates how hard this is and how much growth we still need to have when it comes to addressing these challenges head-on.”[/pullquote]Still, \u003ca href=\"https://greenlining.org/about/our-team/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alvaro Sanchez\u003c/a>, policy director for the Greenlining Institute, says the funds only “scratch the surface” of what’s needed for low-income communities as swings in weather increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the legislature failed to advance a bill that would have sped up meeting California’s climate goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that we’re still hitting up against political barriers to make the progress that we need to make just indicates how hard this is and how much growth we still need to have when it comes to addressing these challenges head-on,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanchez is excited that the state and two environmental justice-oriented groups are collaborating to develop a mapping platform that identifies the places most likely to flood, burn, dry out, etc. The maps will consider socioeconomic status, a factor that puts some populations at a greater risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is going to take some time to develop, but it’s going to be what keeps California in the forefront on the way that we’re addressing climate change and bringing intersectional perspectives into the climate conversation,” he said.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question5\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Oil & Gas\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1946654\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1946654\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-1020x701.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-768x528.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-1200x824.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Smoke drifts away from a Shell Oil refinery April 1, 2004 in Martinez, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There were two milestones in 2021 for phasing out fossil fuels in California: Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/04/newsom-ban-new-oil-fracking/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">banned new oil fracking by 2024\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.independent.com/2021/12/06/oil-rig-setback-rule-doesnt-go-far-enough/%3famp=1\">drafted\u003c/a> a ban on new oil and gas wells sometime after 2023 within 3,200 feet of homes, schools, or healthcare facilities. Even so, Michael Méndez, an assistant professor of environmental planning and policy at UC Irvine, says California isn’t doing enough. The state is the 7th largest crude oil producer in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we really want to tackle climate change and our dependence on fossil fuel as an economy, directly addressing our oil production and oil imports is a key factor for our state,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Méndez is also looking forward to California beginning a conversation about updating its climate roadmap this year. He says a crucial part of the plan will be ensuring that California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1972789/california-says-it-will-review-cap-and-trade-amid-growing-criticism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cap-and-trade\u003c/a> system, which puts a price on carbon, actually lowers carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not sure if we should totally scrap the cap-and-trade program, but it needs a thorough public reevaluation in the legislature,” he said. “Are these market based systems happening at the expense of immediate public health outcomes and improvements for low-income communities of color?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Méndez says there’s a growing concern that the cap-and-trade is an insufficient policy because it allows “polluting industries to pay to pollute in communities without changing their practices.” And a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975164/california-not-doing-as-well-as-it-thinks-in-reducing-carbon-investigation-finds\">report\u003c/a> last summer found that millions of carbon credits from the program do not represent real reductions in planet-warming gas emissions.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question6\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Energy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Decisions that both eased and further complicated renewable energy marked 2021—think of plans for offshore wind and reducing the rate at which homeowners can sell extra electricity from rooftop solar panels—and lots of work around holding PG&E accountable for starting wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Meredith Fowlie Energy Institute, UC Berkeley’s Haas School of Business']‘More and more people are coming to understand the urgency of climate action, but we’re coming to terms with deep divides and social inequalities. The choices we make are going to determine how much it costs and who pays the prices.’[/pullquote]Energy experts say there will be a ramping up of greening the grid this year. California is also hosting an in-person offshore wind industry \u003ca href=\"https://www.offshorewindca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">conference\u003c/a> in March in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.meredithfowlie.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Meredith Fowlie\u003c/a>, faculty director of the Energy Institute at UC Berkeley’s Haas School of Business, says as the electricity sector further decarbonizes and renewable energy options expand in 2022, California needs to make sure the clean energy transition is equitable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More and more people are coming to understand the urgency of climate action, but we’re coming to terms with deep divides and social inequalities,” she said. “The choices we make are going to determine how much it costs and who pays the prices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As companies like PG&E put transmission lines underground to prevent catastrophic wildfires, the cost will likely extend to ratepayers, says \u003ca href=\"https://erg.berkeley.edu/people/callaway-duncan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Duncan Callaway\u003c/a>, an associate professor of Energy and Resources at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will be harder for customers to justify purchasing that new electrified appliance or car because the cost to charge or run their electric heat pump will be too high,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last piece of exciting energy news to start off 2022 is that California is beginning to work on a Fifth Climate Assessment. \u003ca href=\"https://erg.berkeley.edu/people/andrew-d-jones/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Andy Jones\u003c/a>, an earth scientist in the Energy and Resources Group at UC Berkeley, is helping build a tool to take the terabytes of data electricity companies and agencies have “about the future climate and extract useful knowledge from all of that.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question7\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Electric Cars\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931178\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1931178\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Electric cars are growing in the Bay Area but are only 6 percent of new vehicle sales statewide. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Petty much no one’s trying to kill the electric car these days— at least, not in California — and in 2022, Ford is even releasing an \u003ca href=\"https://media.ford.com/content/fordmedia/fna/us/en/news/2021/05/19/all-electric-ford-f-150-lightning.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">electric version\u003c/a> of the popular Ford F-150.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the US, where we love trucks, it’s really important that people who drive those vehicles really want to drive the electric versions of them,” said \u003ca href=\"https://faculty.engineering.ucdavis.edu/kendall/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alissa Kendall\u003c/a>. She studies electric cars as chair of the Energy Graduate Group at UC Davis. “I think that’s what we’re going to see in 2022, a positive and exciting shift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kendall says what’s missing from the zero-emission vehicle conversation are ways to make electric vehicles accessible, affordable, and convenient for low-income people. A \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2021/11/california-must-ensure-ev-charging-access-for-all/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">coalition\u003c/a> of elected officials, companies, and advocacy groups want all new multi-unit family housing to come with electric vehicle charging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall thinks 2022 could be a year where there’s increased investment in charging stations in areas accessible to all Californians, not just for homeowners or businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still have a big access issue,” she said of both electrified public transportation and electric cars. “How do we deliver transit that actually decreases the burdens of pollution on communities already experiencing disproportionate burdens?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall says California has a few big things to figure out in 2022, including what to do with car batteries at the end of their lives and how to source and produce materials to make batteries instate.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question8\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sea Level Rise\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955614\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955614\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-1020x679.jpg\" alt=\"King Tide along San Francisco's Embarcadero, in February 2011.\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">King Tide along San Francisco’s Embarcadero, in February 2011. \u003ccite>(Dave R/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rising tides resulting from warming temperatures globally is a major climate impact the state can prepare for—even with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/14/world/noaa-climate-change-arctic-report/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news\u003c/a> late last year that the Arctic is rapidly losing ice—because the worst effects won’t come for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ced.berkeley.edu/ced/faculty-staff/kristina-hill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kristina Hill\u003c/a>, director of the Institute for Urban and Regional Development at UC Berkeley, says it’s essential to plan now for sea-level rise; otherwise, the Bay Area will undergo similar devastation mountain communities are enduring from wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We should be planning now while things are stable, instead of running around treating it as a disaster in 20 years, which it will be if we don’t plan ahead, because the rate of change is accelerating,” she said. “This is the last period when it’s going to feel slow. After this, it’s going to be fast for hundreds of years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Bay Area is beginning to prepare for rising tides. Counties, agencies, nonprofits and cities are collaborating \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayadapt.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to prepare for sea level rise as one region\u003c/a>. San Mateo County is planning an entire \u003ca href=\"https://oneshoreline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shoreline protection project\u003c/a>, and university scientists are researching how to prepare the most vulnerable residents for \u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/berkeley.edu/toxictides\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rising water levels\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/berkeley.edu/toxictides\"> \u003c/a>(groundwater and the sea).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one area Hill says needs to be taken seriously this year is that sea level rise can cause groundwater flooding and make existing contamination worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re already seeing evidence of that water coming up out of manholes and Alameda and San Leandro,” she said. “That water is rising with the high tides, under contaminated sites. It’s entering sewer pipes, it’s going to cause impacts to infrastructure, and it’s going to expose people to more health risks, from contaminants that are moving in the groundwater.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Take a look back at big climate and environmental events of 2021, and some hopeful forecasts for 2022. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s a brand new year, and perhaps you have hopeful resolutions in mind—losing weight, getting politically active, leaving your house more often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when you look over your shoulder, the demon that was 2021 is lurking behind you. In its eyes is the pandemic that kept you in your house for way too long, on its breath are the flames that nearly burned down your favorite part of the Sierra, the sweltering heat from last summer, and the wildfire smoke choking out the space in your lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "“We should be planning now while things are stable, instead of running around treating it as a disaster in 20 years.”",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can’t promise 2022 will be that much better, but we can let you in on a little secret: There’s a lot of work happening and billions of dollars available to help Californians withstand the worst of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/staff/AssignmentDetail/223\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rachel Ehlers\u003c/a>, principal fiscal and policy analyst for the Legislative Analyst’s Office, says billions are set aside in the state budget over three years for adapting to climate change, including money for drought, wildfire, and environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What got climate on the front of everyone’s mind is that we had so many climate disasters last summer,” she said. “The silver lining is it is being taken as a big priority, to help avoid some of the bad impacts on the horizon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are impacts on the horizon. Stanford climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://earth.stanford.edu/people/noah-diffenbaugh#gs.kvl2oc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Noah Diffenbaugh\u003c/a> says Californians should get used to climate extremes like flooding, minimal snowpacks, and extreme heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in a climate where we’ve had so much warming already that some of these factors are becoming much more reliable predictions,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With years of inclement weather and climate events, Ehlers says Californians know what’s coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What can we do now to prepare,” she asked. “So, we don’t have people losing their homes in big wildfires or have significant health impacts because it’s too hot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘If we really want to tackle climate change and our dependence on fossil fuel as an economy, directly addressing our oil production and oil imports is a key factor for our state.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Ehlers says billions of dollars in the federal infrastructure bill could \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/CALIFORNIA_The-Infrastructure-Investment-and-Jobs-Act-State-Fact-Sheet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">infuse California\u003c/a> with money to ready roads and bridges for a changing climate. There are also millions to protect infrastructure against wildfires, deliver clean drinking water to communities, and expand an electric vehicle charging network across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the infusion of cash, Ehlers cautions that throwing money at climate impacts isn’t a cure for the root cause of atmospheric warming — burning fossil fuels. And just because we have the dollars doesn’t preclude \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977844/im-ready-to-act-on-climate-do-i-start-big-or-small\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977844/im-ready-to-act-on-climate-do-i-start-big-or-small\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">actions each of us can take to calm the storm ahead of us\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.michaelanthonymendez.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Méndez\u003c/a>, author of the book “\u003ca href=\"https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300232158/climate-change-streets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Climate Change from the Streets\u003c/a>,” says people can vote and pressure local, state and federal leaders to act on climate change and phasing out fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people care about climate change and environmental issues, it’s important, they stay active and educated about who’s running for office,” he said. “Many people think that their vote doesn’t count, but we see it does count.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a glimpse of what 2022 holds for California climate-wise, click the links below.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"backtotop\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"#question1\">Weather\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question2\">Drought\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question3\">Wildfire\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question4\">Environmental Justice\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question5\">Oil & Gas\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question6\">Energy\u003c/a>| \u003ca href=\"#question7\">Electric Cars\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"#question8\">Sea Level Rise\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Weather\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978125\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1978125\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"Curtains of water spray up on both sides of a truck driving on a flooded street in October 2021 in Mill Valley. \" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-1020x675.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-768x508.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-1536x1016.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-2048x1355.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/12/GettyImages-1348746012-1920x1270.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water kicks up as a truck drives on a flooded street in October 2021 in Mill Valley. A category 5 atmospheric river brought heavy precipitation, high winds and power outages to the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>2021 has been a year: A dry winter, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-09-09/california-records-hottest-summer-amid-heat-wave-flex-alert\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hottest summer on record\u003c/a>, wildfires, and atmospheric rivers. Brian Garcia, a warning meteorologist for the National Weather Service’s \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Area\u003c/a> office, says he’s excited to see California start the year soggy and wet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For 2022, I would expect much more normal conditions than we’ve seen over the past few years, but also expect a warmer-than-normal summer,” Garcia said. He also says long-term climate models signal a dry-out in late January or February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there may be less time to prepare for storms and heat waves. A \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/2021/12/14/warming-makes-weather-less-predictable/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent study\u003c/a> from Stanford professor \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/aditi-sheshadri\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aditi Sheshadri\u003c/a> found warming is making it harder to predict 10-day forecasts accurately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, if we know that the window of accurate predictability is going to reduce as we go forward, that is valuable knowledge for anyone who has to respond to changing weather conditions, whether it’s extreme or not,” she said.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question2\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Drought\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1975263\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1975263\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/06/oroville-drought_custom-21f30a6c6bd7d461408a015ffe94746ec6b5cd7e-1020x679.jpg\" alt=\"In an aerial view, low water levels are visible at Lake Oroville on April 27, 2021 in Oroville, California.\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Low water levels were visible at Lake Oroville on April 27, 2021. \u003ccite>(Photo: Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While 2022 is starting as wet and balmy, California needs \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977196/newsom-declares-drought-emergency-across-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">140% of average rain\u003c/a> and snow to get reservoir levels back to average. Even with recent rains, large reservoirs the state relies on for water supply, such as Lake Shasta and Lake Oroville, are still below average. But the rain has filled some small reservoirs to above-average levels; for example, Marin’s reservoir levels noticeably rise with each storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One person who’d like to see stricter drought restrictions this year is \u003ca href=\"https://waterinthewest.stanford.edu/about/people/newsha-ajami\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Newsha Ajami\u003c/a>. She’s the director of urban water policy for Stanford University’s Water in the West initiative. She says all the bouncing between weather extremes is just not working for California’s aging water system, built for a climate that does not exist anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s concerned heat waves will melt the Sierra Nevada snowpack and dry out wildlands early. That’s a large part of what exacerbated the scale of the drought and wildfires in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m looking into 2022, thinking, this is great, we are seeing another atmospheric river, lots of rain, some snow in the mountains, but I’m hoping and praying that we are not going to be hit with another heatwave that would melt all of this,” she said.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question3\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Wildfire\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1975975\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1975975\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-1020x671.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"421\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-1020x671.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-800x526.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-768x505.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut-1536x1010.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50400_GettyImages-1234171316-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A home burns as flames from the Dixie fire tear through the Indian Falls neighborhood of unincorporated Plumas County, California on July 24, 2021. Rising temperatures are drying out forests, priming them for big fires. \u003ccite>(JOSH EDELSON/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The 2021 fire season was truly ferocious, and over the past year, the sheer scale of the fires shifted the public consciousness. Californians realized how we fight wildfires isn’t working. As a result, state leaders created policy goals and \u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2021/09/16/prescribed-burns-could-help-reduce-californias-wildfires-a-new-bill-could-help-make-planned-fires-more-frequent/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">laws\u003c/a> to make it easier for fire experts to light controlled \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11887158/in-california-restoring-our-relationship-with-fire-is-possible\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">good fires\u003c/a> that clear excess vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire experts are still concerned that large, impossible-to-control wildfires will ignite again in the early summer months through the fall. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eri.ucsb.edu/people/leila-m-v-carvalho\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Leila Carvalho\u003c/a>, a UC Santa Barbara professor of meteorology and climatology, says long-term climate trends—like heat waves drying out vegetation early in the year or drier springs—will continue throughout 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Major fires will happen,” she said. “The cycles tend to repeat when we have the right conditions of winds and ignitions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Carvalho is hopeful for two significant reasons. First, the state has set aside more than a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-health-fires-climate-california-eec48e6279099449851b3c7f150cda33\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">billion dollars\u003c/a> to strategically remove brush and trees to rescue catastrophic wildfires. Second, so many scientists are studying the effects climate change and historic fire suppression has on drying wildland areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are trying to find solutions to mitigate and adapt because we have to deal with these swinging extremes in climate,” she said. “I’m hopeful that we are perhaps dealing with problems in ways we haven’t been doing before.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question4\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Environmental Justice\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Communities already dealing with the effects of climate change stand to benefit from $100 million in state funds to establish community resilience hubs where people can go when climate emergencies strike. The hubs will be permanent neighborhood-based facilities — youth centers, churches, senior centers — that can provide emergency response, including backup power, food, economic assistance, internet services and a respite from smoke-filled air.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "“The fact that we’re still hitting up against political barriers to make the progress that we need to make just indicates how hard this is and how much growth we still need to have when it comes to addressing these challenges head-on.”",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Still, \u003ca href=\"https://greenlining.org/about/our-team/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alvaro Sanchez\u003c/a>, policy director for the Greenlining Institute, says the funds only “scratch the surface” of what’s needed for low-income communities as swings in weather increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the legislature failed to advance a bill that would have sped up meeting California’s climate goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that we’re still hitting up against political barriers to make the progress that we need to make just indicates how hard this is and how much growth we still need to have when it comes to addressing these challenges head-on,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanchez is excited that the state and two environmental justice-oriented groups are collaborating to develop a mapping platform that identifies the places most likely to flood, burn, dry out, etc. The maps will consider socioeconomic status, a factor that puts some populations at a greater risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is going to take some time to develop, but it’s going to be what keeps California in the forefront on the way that we’re addressing climate change and bringing intersectional perspectives into the climate conversation,” he said.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question5\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Oil & Gas\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1946654\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1946654\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-1020x701.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-768x528.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut-1200x824.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/08/RS23868_GettyImages-3188665-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Smoke drifts away from a Shell Oil refinery April 1, 2004 in Martinez, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There were two milestones in 2021 for phasing out fossil fuels in California: Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/04/newsom-ban-new-oil-fracking/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">banned new oil fracking by 2024\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.independent.com/2021/12/06/oil-rig-setback-rule-doesnt-go-far-enough/%3famp=1\">drafted\u003c/a> a ban on new oil and gas wells sometime after 2023 within 3,200 feet of homes, schools, or healthcare facilities. Even so, Michael Méndez, an assistant professor of environmental planning and policy at UC Irvine, says California isn’t doing enough. The state is the 7th largest crude oil producer in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we really want to tackle climate change and our dependence on fossil fuel as an economy, directly addressing our oil production and oil imports is a key factor for our state,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Méndez is also looking forward to California beginning a conversation about updating its climate roadmap this year. He says a crucial part of the plan will be ensuring that California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1972789/california-says-it-will-review-cap-and-trade-amid-growing-criticism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cap-and-trade\u003c/a> system, which puts a price on carbon, actually lowers carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not sure if we should totally scrap the cap-and-trade program, but it needs a thorough public reevaluation in the legislature,” he said. “Are these market based systems happening at the expense of immediate public health outcomes and improvements for low-income communities of color?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Méndez says there’s a growing concern that the cap-and-trade is an insufficient policy because it allows “polluting industries to pay to pollute in communities without changing their practices.” And a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975164/california-not-doing-as-well-as-it-thinks-in-reducing-carbon-investigation-finds\">report\u003c/a> last summer found that millions of carbon credits from the program do not represent real reductions in planet-warming gas emissions.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question6\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Energy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Decisions that both eased and further complicated renewable energy marked 2021—think of plans for offshore wind and reducing the rate at which homeowners can sell extra electricity from rooftop solar panels—and lots of work around holding PG&E accountable for starting wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘More and more people are coming to understand the urgency of climate action, but we’re coming to terms with deep divides and social inequalities. The choices we make are going to determine how much it costs and who pays the prices.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Energy experts say there will be a ramping up of greening the grid this year. California is also hosting an in-person offshore wind industry \u003ca href=\"https://www.offshorewindca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">conference\u003c/a> in March in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.meredithfowlie.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Meredith Fowlie\u003c/a>, faculty director of the Energy Institute at UC Berkeley’s Haas School of Business, says as the electricity sector further decarbonizes and renewable energy options expand in 2022, California needs to make sure the clean energy transition is equitable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More and more people are coming to understand the urgency of climate action, but we’re coming to terms with deep divides and social inequalities,” she said. “The choices we make are going to determine how much it costs and who pays the prices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As companies like PG&E put transmission lines underground to prevent catastrophic wildfires, the cost will likely extend to ratepayers, says \u003ca href=\"https://erg.berkeley.edu/people/callaway-duncan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Duncan Callaway\u003c/a>, an associate professor of Energy and Resources at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will be harder for customers to justify purchasing that new electrified appliance or car because the cost to charge or run their electric heat pump will be too high,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last piece of exciting energy news to start off 2022 is that California is beginning to work on a Fifth Climate Assessment. \u003ca href=\"https://erg.berkeley.edu/people/andrew-d-jones/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Andy Jones\u003c/a>, an earth scientist in the Energy and Resources Group at UC Berkeley, is helping build a tool to take the terabytes of data electricity companies and agencies have “about the future climate and extract useful knowledge from all of that.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question7\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Electric Cars\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931178\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1931178\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_06-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Electric cars are growing in the Bay Area but are only 6 percent of new vehicle sales statewide. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Petty much no one’s trying to kill the electric car these days— at least, not in California — and in 2022, Ford is even releasing an \u003ca href=\"https://media.ford.com/content/fordmedia/fna/us/en/news/2021/05/19/all-electric-ford-f-150-lightning.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">electric version\u003c/a> of the popular Ford F-150.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the US, where we love trucks, it’s really important that people who drive those vehicles really want to drive the electric versions of them,” said \u003ca href=\"https://faculty.engineering.ucdavis.edu/kendall/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alissa Kendall\u003c/a>. She studies electric cars as chair of the Energy Graduate Group at UC Davis. “I think that’s what we’re going to see in 2022, a positive and exciting shift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kendall says what’s missing from the zero-emission vehicle conversation are ways to make electric vehicles accessible, affordable, and convenient for low-income people. A \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2021/11/california-must-ensure-ev-charging-access-for-all/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">coalition\u003c/a> of elected officials, companies, and advocacy groups want all new multi-unit family housing to come with electric vehicle charging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall thinks 2022 could be a year where there’s increased investment in charging stations in areas accessible to all Californians, not just for homeowners or businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still have a big access issue,” she said of both electrified public transportation and electric cars. “How do we deliver transit that actually decreases the burdens of pollution on communities already experiencing disproportionate burdens?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall says California has a few big things to figure out in 2022, including what to do with car batteries at the end of their lives and how to source and produce materials to make batteries instate.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"question8\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sea Level Rise\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955614\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1955614\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-1020x679.jpg\" alt=\"King Tide along San Francisco's Embarcadero, in February 2011.\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/kingtides.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">King Tide along San Francisco’s Embarcadero, in February 2011. \u003ccite>(Dave R/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rising tides resulting from warming temperatures globally is a major climate impact the state can prepare for—even with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/14/world/noaa-climate-change-arctic-report/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news\u003c/a> late last year that the Arctic is rapidly losing ice—because the worst effects won’t come for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ced.berkeley.edu/ced/faculty-staff/kristina-hill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kristina Hill\u003c/a>, director of the Institute for Urban and Regional Development at UC Berkeley, says it’s essential to plan now for sea-level rise; otherwise, the Bay Area will undergo similar devastation mountain communities are enduring from wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We should be planning now while things are stable, instead of running around treating it as a disaster in 20 years, which it will be if we don’t plan ahead, because the rate of change is accelerating,” she said. “This is the last period when it’s going to feel slow. After this, it’s going to be fast for hundreds of years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Bay Area is beginning to prepare for rising tides. Counties, agencies, nonprofits and cities are collaborating \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayadapt.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to prepare for sea level rise as one region\u003c/a>. San Mateo County is planning an entire \u003ca href=\"https://oneshoreline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shoreline protection project\u003c/a>, and university scientists are researching how to prepare the most vulnerable residents for \u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/berkeley.edu/toxictides\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rising water levels\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/berkeley.edu/toxictides\"> \u003c/a>(groundwater and the sea).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one area Hill says needs to be taken seriously this year is that sea level rise can cause groundwater flooding and make existing contamination worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re already seeing evidence of that water coming up out of manholes and Alameda and San Leandro,” she said. “That water is rising with the high tides, under contaminated sites. It’s entering sewer pipes, it’s going to cause impacts to infrastructure, and it’s going to expose people to more health risks, from contaminants that are moving in the groundwater.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"#backtotop\">Back to top\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Winter Solstice is Here. Here Are Ways to Celebrate The Shortest Day of the Year",
"headTitle": "Winter Solstice is Here. Here Are Ways to Celebrate The Shortest Day of the Year | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Tuesday is the winter solstice, at least if you’re in the Northern Hemisphere. In addition to marking the official start of winter, it’s also the shortest day (and longest night) of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means from here until the end of June, each day will get a little bit longer — and brighter. Just 182 days to go until summertime!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, here are some ways you can celebrate the solstice and prepare for the season:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Catch a glimpse of the last meteor shower of the year\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Ursid meteor shower is expected to peak in the early morning hours Wednesday. It traditionally gets less attention than the famously dazzling \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/13/1063657564/geminid-meteor-shower-when-to-watch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Geminid meteor shower\u003c/a>, which happened Dec. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.space.com/ursid-meteor-shower-2021-peaks-now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Space.com predicts\u003c/a> the Ursids will be especially hard to spot this year because of the bright light of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.space.com/16830-full-moon-calendar.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">waning gibbous moon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the peak of the Ursids coming just a few nights after the full moon, [it] means that these meteors will be in direct competition with what will be in essence a giant celestial floodlight illuminating the sky on the first full night of winter,” it explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that doesn’t mean it’s not worth looking if you happen to be awake and, ideally, out in the country. \u003ca href=\"https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/ursid-meteor-shower-active-around-wintter-sosltic/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EarthSky has these tips\u003c/a>: Dress warmly, bring a sleeping bag and plan to spend several hours camped out under a dark sky, beginning in the early morning hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Will you see some?” it adds. “It’ll be tough in the moonlight … but maybe!”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Read \u003cem>The Shortest Day\u003c/em> and hear an interview with its award-winning author\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Susan Cooper’s children’s book \u003cem>The Shortest Day\u003c/em>, released in 2019, is a celebration of light returning after the winter solstice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The text of the book is actually a poem she wrote in the 1970s for \u003ca href=\"https://www.revels.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Christmas Revels\u003c/a> (an annual celebration of the solstice) and has been read at such events for more than four decades. Cooper, herself a Newbery winner, partnered with Caldecott-winning illustrator Carson Ellis to bring its colorful imagery and wintery atmospherics to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/21/788997324/happy-winter-solstice-at-last-weve-made-it-to-the-shortest-day\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read or listen to NPR’s 2019 story\u003c/a> on the beautiful book, or \u003ca href=\"https://one.npr.org/?sharedMediaId=948316320:X\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hear snippets of Cooper\u003c/a> reading it out loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Revisit the 40th Paul Winter Consort annual winter solstice concert\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fittingly named saxophone player Paul Winter has been ushering in the winter solstice with a special concert for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 1980, the Grammy winner and his slew of special guests have gathered in New York’s Cathedral of St. John the Divine to mark the occasion with music and dance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When COVID-19 forced the event to go remote last year, NPR put together a special recording of the previous year’s 40th-anniversary celebration, complete with an audio recording and several videos. The 2019 edition featured familiar faces like gospel singer Theresa Thomason, as well as an especially special guest — Noel Paul Stookey, aka Paul from Peter, Paul and Mary. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/12/01/936249895/the-paul-winter-consorts-annual-winter-solstice-celebration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Check it out here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for those curious: Winter has in fact put together another celebration this year, for the 42nd solstice in a row. It’s called \u003cem>Solstice Saga\u003c/em> and \u003ca href=\"https://solsticeconcert.com/winter-solstice/#tickets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">his website says\u003c/a> it will be a “comprehensive retrospective” highlighting iconic performances from the last four decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Prepare to do some “wintering”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A great book to cozy up with in the dark and chilly season is \u003cem>Wintering,\u003c/em> by Katherine May. The English writer sees the winter as a transformative time, and set out to explore how people in different cultures accept and even welcome the season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s visited Stonehenge during the winter solstice, seen the northern lights in the Arctic, soaked in Iceland’s Blue Lagoon and submerged herself in freezing waters. She writes about those experiences — and lessons for getting through tough times — in her book, which also offers some rays of hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every time we winter, we develop a new knowledge about how to go back into the world,” May told \u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> last year. “You know, we learn about our tastes and preferences. We learn about what makes us happy. There’s no easy answers to any of this, but I do think it makes us more profoundly human. And when we winter, we engage in the work of adaptation and change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/12/03/941789158/wintering-is-painful-but-embracing-the-cold-makes-it-hurt-less\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read or listen to the full interview here\u003c/a>. And if you’re looking to add more books to your shelves this winter, check out \u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/best-books/#view=covers&year=2021\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR’s book recommendations tool\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Take care of yourself\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Don’t forget your physical and mental health, especially with COVID-19 surging and flu season approaching. Here are some resources from across NPR:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/10/23/927135639/coping-with-sad-or-seasonal-affective-disorder\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How to cope with SAD, or seasonal affective disorder\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/11/05/1052076284/coronavirus-faq-its-cold-and-flu-season-and-covid-season-how-do-i-stay-unsick\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FAQs for combined cold, flu and COVID season\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/12/08/1059823584/self-care-pandemic-comic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How to break out of your pandemic slump\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/09/04/1033672045/6-tips-for-coping-with-covid-anxiety-this-fall-and-winter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tips for coping with COVID anxiety this winter\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/01/01/950092678/dont-let-the-pandemic-winter-get-you-down-9-creative-ways-to-socialize-safely\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">9 creative ways to socialize safely\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/02/867905101/want-to-be-happier-evidence-based-tricks-to-get-you-there\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Evidence-based tricks for how to be happier\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/12/18/1064671395/holidays-celebrate-outside\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How to move more and celebrate outside this holiday season\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This story originally appeared in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/morning-edition-2021-12-21#its-the-shortest-day-of-the-year-things-can-only-get-brighter-from-here\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the \u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> live blog\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+the+shortest+day+of+the+year.+Things+can+only+get+brighter+from+here&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Tuesday is the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere. That means from now till June, each day will be a little bit longer — and brighter. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tuesday is the winter solstice, at least if you’re in the Northern Hemisphere. In addition to marking the official start of winter, it’s also the shortest day (and longest night) of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means from here until the end of June, each day will get a little bit longer — and brighter. Just 182 days to go until summertime!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, here are some ways you can celebrate the solstice and prepare for the season:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Catch a glimpse of the last meteor shower of the year\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Ursid meteor shower is expected to peak in the early morning hours Wednesday. It traditionally gets less attention than the famously dazzling \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/13/1063657564/geminid-meteor-shower-when-to-watch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Geminid meteor shower\u003c/a>, which happened Dec. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.space.com/ursid-meteor-shower-2021-peaks-now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Space.com predicts\u003c/a> the Ursids will be especially hard to spot this year because of the bright light of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.space.com/16830-full-moon-calendar.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">waning gibbous moon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the peak of the Ursids coming just a few nights after the full moon, [it] means that these meteors will be in direct competition with what will be in essence a giant celestial floodlight illuminating the sky on the first full night of winter,” it explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that doesn’t mean it’s not worth looking if you happen to be awake and, ideally, out in the country. \u003ca href=\"https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/ursid-meteor-shower-active-around-wintter-sosltic/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EarthSky has these tips\u003c/a>: Dress warmly, bring a sleeping bag and plan to spend several hours camped out under a dark sky, beginning in the early morning hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Will you see some?” it adds. “It’ll be tough in the moonlight … but maybe!”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Read \u003cem>The Shortest Day\u003c/em> and hear an interview with its award-winning author\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Susan Cooper’s children’s book \u003cem>The Shortest Day\u003c/em>, released in 2019, is a celebration of light returning after the winter solstice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The text of the book is actually a poem she wrote in the 1970s for \u003ca href=\"https://www.revels.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Christmas Revels\u003c/a> (an annual celebration of the solstice) and has been read at such events for more than four decades. Cooper, herself a Newbery winner, partnered with Caldecott-winning illustrator Carson Ellis to bring its colorful imagery and wintery atmospherics to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/21/788997324/happy-winter-solstice-at-last-weve-made-it-to-the-shortest-day\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read or listen to NPR’s 2019 story\u003c/a> on the beautiful book, or \u003ca href=\"https://one.npr.org/?sharedMediaId=948316320:X\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hear snippets of Cooper\u003c/a> reading it out loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Revisit the 40th Paul Winter Consort annual winter solstice concert\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fittingly named saxophone player Paul Winter has been ushering in the winter solstice with a special concert for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 1980, the Grammy winner and his slew of special guests have gathered in New York’s Cathedral of St. John the Divine to mark the occasion with music and dance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When COVID-19 forced the event to go remote last year, NPR put together a special recording of the previous year’s 40th-anniversary celebration, complete with an audio recording and several videos. The 2019 edition featured familiar faces like gospel singer Theresa Thomason, as well as an especially special guest — Noel Paul Stookey, aka Paul from Peter, Paul and Mary. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/12/01/936249895/the-paul-winter-consorts-annual-winter-solstice-celebration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Check it out here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for those curious: Winter has in fact put together another celebration this year, for the 42nd solstice in a row. It’s called \u003cem>Solstice Saga\u003c/em> and \u003ca href=\"https://solsticeconcert.com/winter-solstice/#tickets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">his website says\u003c/a> it will be a “comprehensive retrospective” highlighting iconic performances from the last four decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Prepare to do some “wintering”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A great book to cozy up with in the dark and chilly season is \u003cem>Wintering,\u003c/em> by Katherine May. The English writer sees the winter as a transformative time, and set out to explore how people in different cultures accept and even welcome the season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s visited Stonehenge during the winter solstice, seen the northern lights in the Arctic, soaked in Iceland’s Blue Lagoon and submerged herself in freezing waters. She writes about those experiences — and lessons for getting through tough times — in her book, which also offers some rays of hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every time we winter, we develop a new knowledge about how to go back into the world,” May told \u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> last year. “You know, we learn about our tastes and preferences. We learn about what makes us happy. There’s no easy answers to any of this, but I do think it makes us more profoundly human. And when we winter, we engage in the work of adaptation and change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/12/03/941789158/wintering-is-painful-but-embracing-the-cold-makes-it-hurt-less\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read or listen to the full interview here\u003c/a>. And if you’re looking to add more books to your shelves this winter, check out \u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/best-books/#view=covers&year=2021\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR’s book recommendations tool\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Take care of yourself\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Don’t forget your physical and mental health, especially with COVID-19 surging and flu season approaching. Here are some resources from across NPR:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/10/23/927135639/coping-with-sad-or-seasonal-affective-disorder\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How to cope with SAD, or seasonal affective disorder\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/11/05/1052076284/coronavirus-faq-its-cold-and-flu-season-and-covid-season-how-do-i-stay-unsick\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FAQs for combined cold, flu and COVID season\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/12/08/1059823584/self-care-pandemic-comic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How to break out of your pandemic slump\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/09/04/1033672045/6-tips-for-coping-with-covid-anxiety-this-fall-and-winter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tips for coping with COVID anxiety this winter\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/01/01/950092678/dont-let-the-pandemic-winter-get-you-down-9-creative-ways-to-socialize-safely\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">9 creative ways to socialize safely\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/02/867905101/want-to-be-happier-evidence-based-tricks-to-get-you-there\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Evidence-based tricks for how to be happier\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/12/18/1064671395/holidays-celebrate-outside\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How to move more and celebrate outside this holiday season\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This story originally appeared in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/morning-edition-2021-12-21#its-the-shortest-day-of-the-year-things-can-only-get-brighter-from-here\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the \u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> live blog\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+the+shortest+day+of+the+year.+Things+can+only+get+brighter+from+here&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Build Back Better Is in Peril. What Losing Biden's Plan Would Mean for Climate Change",
"headTitle": "Build Back Better Is in Peril. What Losing Biden’s Plan Would Mean for Climate Change | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>With billions of dollars for clean energy, the Build Back Better legislation has the potential to substantially and rapidly cut heat-trapping emissions in the U.S. But \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/19/1065636709/joe-manchin-says-he-cannot-support-bidens-build-back-better-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., rejected the bill\u003c/a> on Sunday, and that means Build Back Better is effectively dead at a time when scientists say the world can’t afford to wait on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really disheartening,” said Leah Stokes, associate professor of political science at the University of California, Santa Barbara. “We don’t have any more decades left to waste, and failure is not an option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation earmarked $555 billion for renewable energy and clean transportation incentives over a decade in the country’s largest climate change investment ever. The policies are crucial for President Biden’s goal of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/22/988051091/biden-makes-new-pledge-for-u-s-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a-50-cut\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cutting greenhouse gas emissions 50%-52% by 2030\u003c/a>, compared with 2005 levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even that goal may not be enough to avoid climate change’s most destructive impacts, scientists warn. The U.S. is the second-largest emitter of greenhouse gases worldwide, and the planet has already warmed by almost 2 degrees Fahrenheit, or 1.1 degrees Celsius.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The stakes are rising quickly\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By the end of the century, temperatures are currently on track for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/08/1052198840/1-5-degrees-warming-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">almost 5 degrees Fahrenheit of warming\u003c/a>, setting the stage for more dangerous hurricanes and droughts, rising seas that would inundate coastal cities around the world, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/08/1052198840/1-5-degrees-warming-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">disappearance of entire ecosystems such as coral reefs\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past year alone, deadly floods and heat waves took lives across the U.S. — extreme weather events that are only expected to intensify on a hotter planet. Over the summer, record-breaking heat killed more than 200 people in the Pacific Northwest. The temperatures, reaching 116 degrees in some places, would be \u003ca href=\"https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/western-north-american-extreme-heat-virtually-impossible-without-human-caused-climate-change/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“virtually impossible” without climate change\u003c/a>, according to scientists with the World Weather Attribution collaborative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worldwide, scientists have found emissions need \u003ca href=\"https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/press-release/updated-climate-commitments-ahead-cop26-summit-fall-far-short-net\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to fall 55% by 2030\u003c/a> to limit warming to a crucial threshold: 1.5 degrees Celsius. The majority of fossil fuels, like coal and oil, would also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/09/1035250142/to-avoid-extreme-disasters-most-fossil-fuels-should-stay-underground-scientists-\">need to stay underground by 2050\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What the Biden administration wants\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Programs in the Build Back Better plan are designed to tackle the country’s two largest sources of emissions: transportation and electric power. Homeowners would get incentives to install rooftop solar and insulate their homes to become more energy efficient. Electric car rebates would grow to $12,500 for a middle class family. Clean energy companies would receive tax rebates for manufacturing in the U.S., since China currently produces the majority of solar panels worldwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manchin, whose family profits from a coal business in West Virginia, has taken issue with several climate provisions in Build Back Better over months of negotiations. Earlier this year, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/15/1036954961/congress-is-debating-its-biggest-climate-change-bill-ever-heres-whats-at-stake\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pushed to strip another clean energy program\u003c/a> from the bill. The $150 billion Clean Electricity Performance Program would have used carrots and sticks to get electric utilities to use carbon-free power sources, but it was removed from the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Withdrawing his support altogether on Sunday, Manchin singled out the climate policies as one reason. “The energy transition my colleagues seek is already well underway in the United States of America,” he said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.manchin.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/manchin-statement-on-build-back-better-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Devastating,” Princeton energy professor Jesse Jenkins \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JesseJenkins/status/1472594981990895621?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tweeted\u003c/a> in response. “Utter nonsense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While solar and wind power are growing rapidly in the U.S. due to their falling cost, scientists warn that trend isn’t happening fast enough on its own to achieve the emissions cuts that are needed. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-03787-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Several analyses\u003c/a> of the Build Back Better bill show that while it alone is not enough to cut emissions half, it could put the goal within striking distance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to be moving two times faster than we ever have before,” Stokes says. “So we need the federal government to invest in climate action to make it cheaper for everyday Americans to put solar panels on their roofs, to insulate their homes, to get an electric vehicle if they want one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Climate experts warn against the cost of inaction\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Manchin, as well as Republicans, have argued against the overall cost of Build Back Better. But climate experts warn that the\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/10/19/costs-climate-change-are-getting-lost-capitol-hill/\"> long-term cost of increasing disasters\u003c/a> and damaged infrastructure could be dramatically higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The stakes for the country are too high,” said Manish Bapna, president and chief executive of the Natural Resources Defense Council. “Inaction would cripple our economy, as climate costs and dangers rise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without legislation, the Biden administration could rely on new regulations, like limiting power plant emissions through the Environmental Protection Agency or putting tougher mileage standards on cars and trucks, which are \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-15/biden-to-toughen-auto-emissions-limits-to-counter-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expected to be announced shortly\u003c/a>. Those kinds of rules can be reversed by future presidents and lack the major financial incentives that Biden was counting on in Build Back Better to ease the country into a clean energy transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=What+losing+Build+Back+Better+means+for+climate+change&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Climate scientists warn that emissions need to fall quickly. Those cuts will be even tougher with the Build Back Better legislation shelved for the foreseeable future.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With billions of dollars for clean energy, the Build Back Better legislation has the potential to substantially and rapidly cut heat-trapping emissions in the U.S. But \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/19/1065636709/joe-manchin-says-he-cannot-support-bidens-build-back-better-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., rejected the bill\u003c/a> on Sunday, and that means Build Back Better is effectively dead at a time when scientists say the world can’t afford to wait on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really disheartening,” said Leah Stokes, associate professor of political science at the University of California, Santa Barbara. “We don’t have any more decades left to waste, and failure is not an option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation earmarked $555 billion for renewable energy and clean transportation incentives over a decade in the country’s largest climate change investment ever. The policies are crucial for President Biden’s goal of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/22/988051091/biden-makes-new-pledge-for-u-s-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a-50-cut\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cutting greenhouse gas emissions 50%-52% by 2030\u003c/a>, compared with 2005 levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even that goal may not be enough to avoid climate change’s most destructive impacts, scientists warn. The U.S. is the second-largest emitter of greenhouse gases worldwide, and the planet has already warmed by almost 2 degrees Fahrenheit, or 1.1 degrees Celsius.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The stakes are rising quickly\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By the end of the century, temperatures are currently on track for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/08/1052198840/1-5-degrees-warming-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">almost 5 degrees Fahrenheit of warming\u003c/a>, setting the stage for more dangerous hurricanes and droughts, rising seas that would inundate coastal cities around the world, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/08/1052198840/1-5-degrees-warming-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">disappearance of entire ecosystems such as coral reefs\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past year alone, deadly floods and heat waves took lives across the U.S. — extreme weather events that are only expected to intensify on a hotter planet. Over the summer, record-breaking heat killed more than 200 people in the Pacific Northwest. The temperatures, reaching 116 degrees in some places, would be \u003ca href=\"https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/western-north-american-extreme-heat-virtually-impossible-without-human-caused-climate-change/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“virtually impossible” without climate change\u003c/a>, according to scientists with the World Weather Attribution collaborative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worldwide, scientists have found emissions need \u003ca href=\"https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/press-release/updated-climate-commitments-ahead-cop26-summit-fall-far-short-net\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to fall 55% by 2030\u003c/a> to limit warming to a crucial threshold: 1.5 degrees Celsius. The majority of fossil fuels, like coal and oil, would also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/09/1035250142/to-avoid-extreme-disasters-most-fossil-fuels-should-stay-underground-scientists-\">need to stay underground by 2050\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What the Biden administration wants\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Programs in the Build Back Better plan are designed to tackle the country’s two largest sources of emissions: transportation and electric power. Homeowners would get incentives to install rooftop solar and insulate their homes to become more energy efficient. Electric car rebates would grow to $12,500 for a middle class family. Clean energy companies would receive tax rebates for manufacturing in the U.S., since China currently produces the majority of solar panels worldwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manchin, whose family profits from a coal business in West Virginia, has taken issue with several climate provisions in Build Back Better over months of negotiations. Earlier this year, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/15/1036954961/congress-is-debating-its-biggest-climate-change-bill-ever-heres-whats-at-stake\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pushed to strip another clean energy program\u003c/a> from the bill. The $150 billion Clean Electricity Performance Program would have used carrots and sticks to get electric utilities to use carbon-free power sources, but it was removed from the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Withdrawing his support altogether on Sunday, Manchin singled out the climate policies as one reason. “The energy transition my colleagues seek is already well underway in the United States of America,” he said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.manchin.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/manchin-statement-on-build-back-better-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Devastating,” Princeton energy professor Jesse Jenkins \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JesseJenkins/status/1472594981990895621?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tweeted\u003c/a> in response. “Utter nonsense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While solar and wind power are growing rapidly in the U.S. due to their falling cost, scientists warn that trend isn’t happening fast enough on its own to achieve the emissions cuts that are needed. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-03787-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Several analyses\u003c/a> of the Build Back Better bill show that while it alone is not enough to cut emissions half, it could put the goal within striking distance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to be moving two times faster than we ever have before,” Stokes says. “So we need the federal government to invest in climate action to make it cheaper for everyday Americans to put solar panels on their roofs, to insulate their homes, to get an electric vehicle if they want one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Climate experts warn against the cost of inaction\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Manchin, as well as Republicans, have argued against the overall cost of Build Back Better. But climate experts warn that the\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/10/19/costs-climate-change-are-getting-lost-capitol-hill/\"> long-term cost of increasing disasters\u003c/a> and damaged infrastructure could be dramatically higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The stakes for the country are too high,” said Manish Bapna, president and chief executive of the Natural Resources Defense Council. “Inaction would cripple our economy, as climate costs and dangers rise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without legislation, the Biden administration could rely on new regulations, like limiting power plant emissions through the Environmental Protection Agency or putting tougher mileage standards on cars and trucks, which are \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-15/biden-to-toughen-auto-emissions-limits-to-counter-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expected to be announced shortly\u003c/a>. Those kinds of rules can be reversed by future presidents and lack the major financial incentives that Biden was counting on in Build Back Better to ease the country into a clean energy transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=What+losing+Build+Back+Better+means+for+climate+change&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Now that Steph Curry set the NBA career record for 3-pointers, all eyes are back on Klay Thompson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the 2019 NBA Finals, Thompson suffered a torn anterior cruciate ligament, or ACL, in his left knee. The ACL is a strip of tissue that runs through the middle of a knee and acts as a stabilizer. A year later, he tore his right Achilles tendon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many Warriors fans are wondering when the team’s sharp-shooting guard could be ready to \u003ca href=\"https://nba.nbcsports.com/2021/12/06/klay-thompson-says-return-could-be-in-few-weeks-maybe-a-month/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hit the court.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find hope in a recent Stanford \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34778484/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> that links NBA playing styles and their impact on certain knee injuries, like ACL tears. Basketball players who often drive to the hoop are more likely to suffer a tear, but also more likely to make a full recovery, researchers found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It always takes a little bit of time to ease back into things. But in general, from our study, that’s what we found,” said Kevin Thomas, a lead author on the study and a graduate student at Stanford, studying medicine and biomedical informatics. “[And that’s] we can hopefully expect from players like him over the long run.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED morning host Brian Watt talked about this research with Thomas, who said he and his team looked at four decades of data and media reports on NBA players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Watt: What did your study conclude about the ACL injury?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kevin Thomas: We were interested in identifying how a basketball player’s style of play, or their way of scoring points, affects their risk of getting an ACL tear. And we also wanted to know when ACL tears do happen in players — whether they’re able to make a full recovery and play at the same level of play that you’d expect them to have if they didn’t get injured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So this comes down to whether a player drives, penetrates through the lane or has to weave through defenders. Is that what we’re talking about?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right. We identified that for players who frequently drive the ball to the basket in order to score their points, they typically have a higher risk of ACL tears relative to other players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So those guys have a higher risk, and once they come back from a surgery that sort of reconstructs the ACL, they’re still good. They haven’t lost a step.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We found that when you take a player, just before their injury happens, and you find other similar players to them, and then you follow them over the next several years, the players that get injured and then are able to come back are playing at the same level as their peer players, who never had the injury in the first place. So they’re able to make a full comeback and perform at the same level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I have to assume you’re a basketball fan. You’re speaking clinically about this stuff, but I hear a fan.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You know, I’m living in the Bay Area now, but I grew up in Phoenix. I’m a Phoenix [Suns] guy. It was heartbreaking to see Dario [Saric] \u003ca href=\"https://www.nba.com/news/suns-dario-saric-torn-acl-out-indefinitely\">tear\u003c/a> his ACL last season, but hopefully he’ll be able to come back and make a full recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So do you think Klay Thompson has read your study?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, hopefully after being on the radio with you, we might be able to get a little bit more attention from the Warriors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/CWJ-kq-v_n3/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
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