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"title": "‘Una mariposa con las alas rotas’: La búsqueda de una solicitante de asilo transgénera para llegar a California",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11844742/a-butterfly-with-my-wings-cut-off-a-transgender-asylum-seekers-quest-to-come-to-california\">\u003cem>Read in English\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Nota de editorx: Pese a que la Real Academia Española (RAE) específica el uso del término transgénero para describir y abarcar todas las experiencias trans dentro del arco de la identidad de género, hemos decidido utilizar la palabra transgénera con la intención de usar un término que mejor corresponda a las experiencias e identidad de Luna.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando cumplió 15 años, como tantas chicas en su pueblo en Guatemala, Luna Guzmán celebró con una quinceañera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me prestaron el vestido de una compañera porque yo lloraba. Cada vez que íbamos a la escuela teníamos que pasar en frente de una tienda donde habían vestidos de novia y de quinceañera”, dijo Luna. “Yo siempre me quedaba viendo, hasta tocaba el vidrio”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El vestido que pidió prestado era de color turquesa, con una falda larga. Se quitó sus zapatos tenis, se puso los tacones y una tiara y empezó a bailar con sus amigos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Había un pastel, botellas de champán y chambelanes, chicos que se vistieron en trajes para acompañarla a la fiesta secreta en casa de un amigo. Ninguno de sus parientes estaba allí porque no podían imaginar a Luna como una niña transgénera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Luna Guzmán\"]‘La maestra siempre hablaba con mi mamá. Le decía, ‘¿Oye por qué no puedes cambiar a tu hijo? ¿No los puedes llevar con un psicólogo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psiquiatra? Hace ver mal a mi escuela’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instantes de esa fiesta de cumpleaños perduran en la memoria de Luna como un tiempo en su vida en el cual sintió verdaderamente el placer y la libertad. Era algo para saborear una y otra vez conforme iniciaba la década siguiente, cuando vestía camisetas de fútbol y trataba de parecerse al chico que sabía no llevaba por dentro. Mientras lidiaba con una violencia brutal, decidió tomar el tremendo riesgo de dejar atrás todo en Guatemala y tratar de encontrar una nueva vida en California. Las memorias eran un lugar en donde ella podía imaginarse a salvo, siendo ella misma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conocimos a Luna en un refugio para migrantes en Tijuana dos años atrás y desde entonces nos hemos mantenido en contacto con ella, durante su viaje por la frontera, donde pasó meses detenida por el Servicio de Inmigración y Control de Aduanas (ICE por sus siglas en inglés), y su búsqueda por el amparo en México. Pasamos semanas tratando desesperadamente de localizarla en una unidad de cuidados intensivos después de que ella dejara un mensaje de voz en el que había sido diagnosticada con un caso severo de COVID-19. “Gracias por contar mi historia”, dijo con voz ronca y entrecortada, apenas se reconocía su voz . “Gracias por todo. Por contar mi historia. Si muero, ojalá que la gente un día se acuerde de mí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8-aYksXNNUA\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘¿No puedes cambiar a tu hijo?’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Luna creció en las afueras de una pequeña ciudad en el área central de Guatemala, en una casa construida por palos y periódicos. Su madre vendía papas fritas en un carrito de comida y Luna ayudó a cuidar a sus tres hermanos, uno de ellos con discapacidades del desarrollo. Su padre no formó parte de su vida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna contó que era una voraz lectora, pasando horas en la biblioteca de su ciudad. En la escuela jugaba a disfrazarse con otras chicas. Luna se transformaba en una mariposa, sus alas estaban hechas de pedazos de cartón que encontraba en las calles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“La maestra siempre hablaba con mi mamá. Le decía, ‘¿Oye por qué no puedes cambiar a tu hijo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psicólogo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psiquiatra? Hace ver mal a mi escuela”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que su madre la defendió al principio. Cuando confesó ser gay a los 14 años, su mamá brindó con una copa de agua de jamaica. Pero a medida que Luna crecía, su madre desaprobaba los vestidos y los tacones. Su hijo, ¿vistiéndose como una mujer? Para ella, eso iba en contra de la naturaleza. Entonces Luna volvió a vestir con camisetas de fútbol y pantalones cortos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Esos desprecios ahora los entiendo”, dijo Luna. “Ella tal vez quería protegerme”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849344\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11849344 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"A lo largo de su vida, Luna Guzmán ha luchado para ser aceptada como mujer transgénera. Ella ha dicho que ha sido víctima de violencia brutal cuando demuestra su verdadera identidad de género como mujer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-160x123.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1536x1177.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2.jpg 1856w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lo largo de su vida, Luna Guzmán ha luchado para ser aceptada como mujer transgénera. Ella ha dicho que ha sido víctima de violencia brutal cuando demuestra su verdadera identidad de género como mujer. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Octubre de 2007\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A los 13 años, justo en la cúspide de su adolescencia, Luna fue violada por un hombre mayor que era su vecino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“En un principio decía ¿por qué a mí? Explícame ¿por qué a mí? Si hay alguien ahí arriba por qué no me explicas”, suspiró Luna. “Pero nunca obtuve esa respuesta. Nunca la obtuve. Hasta hoy en día nunca la he tenido.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna contó que poco después fue forzada a integrar una red de tráfico de personas y labor sexual. Algunos hombres de mucho poder en su pueblo la obligaron a entrar a una red de tráfico de personas. ¿Los clientes? Hombres mayores que pagaban cientos de dólares estadounidenses para dormir con niños pequeños y niñas transgénera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El tráfico de personas y la explotación sexual están desenfrenados en Guatemala, y la Organización de las Naciones Unidas ha denunciado el alarmante número de menores de edad forzados a ingresar a redes de tráfico debido a la pobreza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero no había nadie que la ayudara. Los proxenetas, según Luna, tenían vínculos con la policía y los principales funcionarios públicos de la ciudad. “Si alguien intentaba denunciarlos o presentar una denuncia, lo tiraban a la basura”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muchos menores de edad en la red de tráfico de personas estaban infectados con enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Cuando tenía 16 años, Luna descubrió que era portadora del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, conocido también como VIH. El acoso de la gente se intensificó en una ciudad donde ya se le había arrojado piedras y manifestado que se mantuviera alejada de los niños. Luna recuerda que, una vez, algunas personas la golpearon con tanta fuerza que le rompieron la clavícula y le dijeron que se comportara como un “hombre de verdad”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mi pueblo es tan pequeño. No hay información sobre orientación sexual, sobre VIH”, dijo Luna. “No hay información de nada. Es muy cerrado (de mente)”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando cumplío 19 años, Luna cuenta que todavía la obligaban ocasionalmente a trabajar en la red de tráfico sexual. Al llegar a la edad adulta, comenzó a dar algunos pasos para recuperar el control de su vida. Se inscribió en un curso para convertirse en una bombero voluntaria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849342\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11849342 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán worked as a fire fighter in her home town. She said she left the department after experiencing harassment and homophobic threats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán trabajó como bombera en su pueblo natal. Ella dice que abandonó la cuadrilla luego de sufrir acoso y amenazas homofóbicas. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2014\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna se graduó del programa de bomberos. Se sentía valerosa al rescatar personas de accidentes automovilísticos y apagar edificios en llamas. Pero luego, los otros bomberos descubrieron que era portadora del VIH y comenzaron a burlarse de ella con insultos homofóbicos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soñó entonces con una salida y puso su mirada en California. Había visto vídeos del enorme desfile del orgullo LGBTQ en San Francisco. Sabía que en California no podría ser despedida o desalojada por ser transgénera, tendría derecho a obtener una identificación con el nombre que deseaba y a usar el baño que coincida con su género. También esperaba poder ganar lo suficiente dinero para pagar su transición.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dejó a su familia, el departamento de bomberos, los vecinos y los proxenetas. Tenía 22 años.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Se subió al famoso tren que los migrantes llaman La Bestia, que viaja de la frontera sur a la frontera norte de México. No usó vestidos en el viaje. Como ha hecho durante la mayor parte de su vida, mantuvo su cabello corto y usó camisetas y pantalones cortos de hombre por seguridad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849343\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 694px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11849343 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán rides a train heading from Guatemala through Mexico in 2017. She travelled with several other LGBTQ migrants and said that at one point they were attacked by men armed with machetes.\" width=\"694\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg 694w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán montada en un tren, el cual la llevaría de Guatemala a México en 2017. Viajó con otros migrantes LGBTQ y dijo que una vez fueron atacados por hombres armados con machetes. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Cruzando la Frontera Sin Un Respaldo Seguro\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Agosto de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando Luna llegó al cruce fronterizo entre Estados Unidos y México en Otay Mesa, cerca de San Diego, le dijo a un oficial que estaba huyendo de la violencia homofóbica en Guatemala y que estaba pidiendo asilo. Sin embargo, sus esperanzas de sentirse protegida se desvanecieron al cruzar a Estados Unidos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me entraron a unas oficinas. Y como a los 30 minutos me arrestaron en unas cadenas en las manos, en los pies, en la cintura”, dijo Luna. “Aquí te tratan como un criminal, solamente por eso. Se siente bien feo, te sientes como un zero a la izquierda”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los agentes fronterizos no determinan las solicitudes de asilo—eso sucede más tarde—pero son responsables de la transferencia de los detenidos en custodia de ICE, donde eventualmente hablan con un oficial encargado de procesar una petición de asilo. Sin embargo, los funcionarios fronterizos no marcaron la casilla en el formulario de admisión de Luna que indica que se identificó como LGBTQ, ni la casilla que indica que podría correr un mayor riesgo de abuso sexual durante su detención.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846822\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846822 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png\" alt=\"U.S. Customs and Border Patrol “Detainee Assessment” form dated 8/9/2017. Although Luna Guzmán clearly told officials she feared homophobic violence, they did not check the box noting that she identified as LGBTQ.\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-1020x624.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-160x98.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot.png 1428w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Un formulario titulado ‘Evaluación del detenido’ de la Oficina de Aduanas y Protección Fronteriza, con la fecha 9 de agosto, de 2017. Pese a que Luna Guzmán claramente le explicó a los oficiales que ella había sido un blanco de violencia homofóbica, ellos no marcaron la casilla para identificar a Luna como alguien LGBTQ. \u003ccite>(Solicitud de información bajo la Ley por la Libertad de la Información)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fue entonces cuando las cosas empezaron a complicarse. ICE finalmente le asignó a Luna una cama en la unidad de hombres s en el centro de detención de Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diez días después de que llegó a la frontera pidiendo ayuda, un oficial del Servicio y Ciudadanía de los Estados Unidos realizó una entrevista de “miedo creíble”. Fue entonces cuando Luna dijo que a veces también se vestía como mujer. El oficial denominó su historia como verídica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Semanas más tarde, una organización latina que apoya a las personas trangénero con sede cerca de Los Ángeles llamada Las Crisantemas envió una carta de apoyo a la corte de inmigración reconociendo a Luna como una mujer trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sin embargo, Luna nunca fue trasladada a una unidad de detención para mujeres transgénera, a pesar de que en 2015 ICE había acordado mejorar los estándares para las detenidas transgénera, incluido el acceso a unidades separadas de la población en general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Luna Guzmán\"]‘Aquí te tratan como un criminal, solamente por eso. Se siente bien feo, te sientes como un zero a la izquierda’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No la pusieron bajo la custodia protectora que requieren sus propios estándares”, dijo Allegra Love, abogada del Santa Fe Dreamers Project, quien ha representado a cientos de mujeres transgénera detenidas en los últimos años. Ella nunca fue la abogada de Luna, pero le pedimos que revisara su caso luego de que KQED demandó a ICE para obtener sus registros de inmigración.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Si alguien les dice: ‘oye, mira, soy trans, tengo disforia de género. No soy del género que crees que soy’, entonces el gobierno tiene esta responsabilidad consentida por su propia mano de tomar eso en serio y proteger a las personas de un mayor peligro”, dijo Love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna pasó meses en la unidad de hombres antes de que su caso de asilo pudiera ser escuchado por completo, meses en los que dijo que los otros detenidos la acosaban y menospreciaban repetidamente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846829\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846829 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Varias rejas de seguridad rodean el centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa, ubicado al este de San Diego, donde Luna Guzmán fue detenida por ocho meses mientras esperaba presentar su solicitud para recibir asilo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Varias rejas de seguridad rodean el centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa, ubicado al este de San Diego, donde Luna Guzmán fue detenida por ocho meses mientras esperaba presentar su solicitud para recibir asilo. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Tribunal de inmigración aplazado, largos meses detenida\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna compareció ante la jueza de inmigración Olga Attia, asignada para la corte de inmgiración en 2017 por el entonces fiscal general Jeff Sessions. A Luna se le asignó un intérprete, pero ningún abogado. Si hubiera querido uno, habría tenido que encontrarlo y pagarlo por su propia cuenta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En las grabaciones de audio de las audiencias en la corte de inmigración, Luna le dijo a la jueza que estaba preocupada de estar detenida durante tanto tiempo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es que no siempre me dan la medicina que necesito para la enfermedad crónica que yo sufro”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Desafortunadamente, no tengo jurisdicción sobre tales asuntos,” le dijo Attia. “Debe informar a los oficiales de detención de esto”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna estuvo detenida durante cinco meses antes de poder presentar oficialmente su solicitud de asilo a la jueza Attia. Luego, la jueza le informó que no había citas disponibles para conocer la profundidad de su caso hasta otros cinco meses más.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Febrero de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de seis meses detenida, Luna era elegible para salir bajo fianza. Los abogados de ICE no se opusieron puesto que ella no tenía antecedentes penales. La jueza fijó la fianza en 4,500 dólares, sin embargo, como muchos solicitantes de asilo, Luna no tenía forma de pagar esa cantidad de dinero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A mí me hace daño psicológicamente. Yo nunca he estado detenida, su señoría”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incapaz de tolerar su detención en una unidad de hombres, Luna realizó algo que jamás pensó que podría. Renunció a su caso de asilo y pidió ser deportada de inmediato.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Voy a cumplir 8 meses de estar detenida en el centro de detención”, dijo Luna a través de un intérprete. “Me siento sola. No tengo palabras para explicarle, su señoría”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incluso cuando Attia aceptó el retiro de la solicitud de asilo, no estaba claro que la jueza entendía que Luna era transgénera. Después de que el intérprete explicó que Luna se refería a sí misma con el pronombre femenino, Attia siguió llamando a Luna “señor”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sólo puedo imaginar la pérdida de esperanza que alguien experimenta cuando huye de un país donde la razón por la que su vida está en peligro es porque sus instituciones se niegan a reconocer quiénes son”, dijo Love, la abogada que ha representado a decenas de personas trans detenidas provenientes de Centroamérica. “Luego llegar con un sentimiento de esperanza a un lugar donde creen que van a recibir un trato diferente, y luego que los agentes del orden y los jueces, oficiales de la corte, los rechacen inmediatamente también”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Si Luna hubiera decidido permanecer detenida y continuar con su solicitud de asilo, las probabilidades estaban en su contra especialmente sin un abogado. Durante el último año de la administración de Barack Obama, se denegó el 55 por ciento de todas las peticiones de asilo. Bajo la administración de Donald Trump, esas cifras subieron a un récord del 72 por ciento en 2020, según datos del proyecto TRAC de la Universidad de Syracuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Para los solicitantes de asilo de Guatemala, la tasa es aún mayor: el 85.8 por ciento de esas solicitudes son rechazadas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abril de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En el avión chárter de ICE para transportar a Luna y otros detenidos de regreso a Guatemala, ella recuerda que tuvo un ataque de pánico, temblaba tanto que apenas podía caminar sobre la pista cuando aterrizó en Ciudad de Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo también que fue a quedarse con su hermana, quien se había casado con un cristiano evangélico. Sin embargo, después de unos días, su hermana le dio algo de dinero y le pidió que se marchara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No tienes un hogar conmigo como una hermana”, recordó Luna que su hermana le dijo. “Solo como un hermano”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna se fue de Guatemala y poco a poco regresó a la frontera entre Estados Unidos y México, con la esperanza de encontrar un camino de regreso a California. Conocimos a Luna mientras se hospedaba en Casa del Migrante, un refugio para migrantes en Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Luna Guzmán\"]“Soy una mujer transgénera, pero no toda mi vida voy a vivir vestido como un niño. Yo quiero que el día de mañana todas las personas que me conocen digan , ‘Luna. Triunfó. Luna luchó por sus sueños y los alcanzó”.[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que estaba tratando de seguir adelante como lavaplatos en un restaurante donde el dueño hacía comentarios homofóbicos. También luchaba por encontrar una clínica donde obtener su medicamento contra el VIH sin una identificación mexicana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Las suelas de sus zapatos se estaban desgastando y vestía una camiseta de fútbol, su cabello era muy corto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Soy una mujer transgénera, pero no toda mi vida voy a vivir vestido como un niño. Yo quiero que el día de mañana todas las personas que me conocen digan , ‘Luna. Triunfo. Luna luchó por sus sueños y los alcanzó”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846832\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846832 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt='Luna Guzmán posa enfrente de un mural en Tijuana. Cuando era pequeña, ella se disfrazaba como una mariposa. Mientras estaba detenida, dijo que se sentía como \"una mariposa con las alas rotas\".' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán posa enfrente de un mural en Tijuana. Cuando era pequeña, ella se disfrazaba como una mariposa. Mientras estaba detenida, dijo que se sentía como “una mariposa con las alas rotas”. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Un mes después, Luna mandó un mensaje vía WhatsApp para decir que sabía que su sueño de venir a California probablemente terminó porque había renunciado a su solicitud de asilo el año anterior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero luego, unas semanas más tarde, envió un vídeo suyo, de pie, en un lugar con mucho viento, y con el muro fronterizo detrás de ella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¡Mira!” exclamó Luna. “¡Crucé! Te veré en San Francisco, junto al puente Golden Gate para tomar un café”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WhatsApp se mantuvo en silencio durante semanas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Febrero de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recibimos finalmente una llamada que debimos pagar del centro de detención de Otay Mesa. Luna dijo a través de la línea telefónica desafinada que estaba en la misma celda y en la misma cama en la que se había quedado el año pasado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Le quita las alas a una mariposa, así me siento yo ahora”, dijo Luna. “He sido una prisionera en mi propio cuerpo, ahora soy una prisionera aquí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>12 de marzo de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de que Luna estuvo detenida durante unas seis semanas, ICE nos concedió permiso para entrevistarla en persona en Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seguimos a un guardia a una sala de espera con otras familias. Un letrero sobre el escritorio de metal gris de un guardia decía: “la esperanza es el ancla del alma. Sé agradecido”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando llamaron nuestros nombres, pasamos por una puerta pesada hasta donde Luna estaba sentada en una pequeña habitación. Vestía sandalias Crocs azules, calcetines marrones y un uniforme azul con la palabra “detenida” estampada en la espalda con letras blancas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846827\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846827 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sasha Khokha de The California Report entrevistó a Luna Guzmán dentro del centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa en marzo de 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sasha Khokha de The California Report entrevistó a Luna Guzmán dentro del centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa en marzo de 2019. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Se veía demacrada y exhausta, pero sus ojos aún brillaban. Su cabello era muy corto. Luna dijo que tuvo que cortárselo todo después de que un hombre le quitara un trozo de cabello con una navaja.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me dijo que no toleraba a los homosexuales y me cortó con la navaja”, dijo Luna. “De un rastrillo de una rasuradora me cortó mi cabello. Fue muy duro para mí porque me dijo que si yo me quejaba con los oficiales me iba a ir peor”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo además que eso sucedió en el Centro Correccional Metropolitano, una cárcel federal en San Diego, donde estuvo detenida durante aproximadamente una semana después de que los agentes de la patrulla fronteriza la recogieran. Fue acusada allí del delito federal de reingreso ilegal a Estados Unidos, luego de que el presidente Trump intensificara los enjuiciamientos bajo una política de “cero tolerancia”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero el acoso sexual en el centro de detención de ICE fue aún peor, agregó Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aquí hay personas que nos tocan el trasero, que nos tocan las bubis que nos miran cuando nos estamos bañando”, dijo Luna. “ Quieren que nos enseñen sus partes. Yo no quiero estar más tiempo acá. Yo sé que si yo me meto una queja, no me van a hacer caso. Yo se que no me van a hacer caso”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Además, Luna dijo que no le alcanzaba el dinero para comprarse champú o bocadillos en la tienda del centro de detención. Agregó que otros presos se ofrecieron a comprárselos a cambio de favores sexuales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yo no voy a hacer algo que no me guste por una sopa que vale 60 centavos de dólar”, dijo Luna. Yo no voy a estar haciendo cosas malas, tener sexo con nadie acá. Toda la discriminación que vivimos allá afuera, acá es peor porque acá es otro mundo. Acá es un mundo de la discriminación y la homofobia y el acoso es súper grandísimo. Es peor que allá afuera. Porque acá no tienes para dónde ir, acá está todo cerrado”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Un estudio en 2018 encontró que los inmigrantes LGBTQ tienen casi 100 veces más probabilidades de ser acosados o agredidos sexualmente durante una detención de ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He sido prisionera en mi propio cuerpo, ahora soy una prisionera aquí”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que no quería llorar delante de nosotros. Quería ser la persona fuerte que nos había impresionado con su coraje y tenacidad cuando la conocimos en Tijuana cuatro meses atrás.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero después de nuestra entrevista nos asomamos por una ventana de la pequeña habitación. Tenía la cabeza sobre la mesa y sollozaba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846828\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846828 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán llora cabizbaja después de su entrevista con las reporteras Sasha Khokha y Erin Siegal McIntyre.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán llora cabizbaja después de su entrevista con las reporteras Sasha Khokha y Erin Siegal McIntyre. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre. )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>El segundo período de detención de Luna solo duró un par de meses. ICE trató de deportarla lo antes posible: había reingresado a Estados Unidos escalando la valla fronteriza y violó la prohibición de cinco años de reingreso que se le impuso cuando fue deportada por primera vez. Ahora se le prohibió regresar al país en 20 años.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esta era la segunda vez que estaba detenida y todavía no tenía abogado. Nadie que le ofrezca una alternativa al asilo, algo llamado “Retención de la Expulsión”, que ha permitido que algunas mujeres trans de Centroamérica se queden en Estados Unidos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Si ella se hubiera asociado con un buen abogado de asilo, ahora mismo estaríamos teniendo una conversación realmente diferente sobre ella”, dijo Love. “Podríamos estar hablando de ella ahora en 2020, inscribiéndose en una universidad comunitaria o, ya sabes, consiguiendo su primer apartamento o, de hecho, obteniendo su residencia legal permanente en Estados Unidos y una green card o permiso de residencia. Pero en cambio, no se le proporcionó el proceso que se merecía”.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“No es seguro que te quedes en Guatemala”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo 27 de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna fue deportada por segunda vez a la Ciudad de Guatemala. KQED contrató a un equipo de filmación para encontrarse con ella cuando bajara del avión.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contó cuatro dólares estadounidense de una bolsa de plástico marcada como “propiedad personal”, dinero ganado trabajando en la lavandería del centro de detención. Se pasó la mano por la cara, como queriendo que todo desapareciera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luego se dirigió a la Asociación Lambda, una organización LGBTQ en la Ciudad de Guatemala que ayuda a los deportados, que después de escuchar su historia, un empleado de admisión le dijo a Luna que no era seguro quedarse en Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Su perfil es de alto riesgo”, dijo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No necesitaba recordarle sobre las mujeres trans que fueron asesinadas recientemente después de haber sido deportadas a Centroamérica. El empleado de admisión dijo también que le preocupaba que los proxenetas en su ciudad natal pudieran tener conexiones en la Ciudad de Guatemala y rastrearla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consiguió una casa segura en un lugar secreto, pero Luna decidió irse después de pasar una noche allí. Se negó a sentirse encerrada de nuevo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A estas alturas llevábamos cinco meses informando sobre la historia de Luna. Algunos oyentes transgéneros de California Report en Modesto que escucharon una de las historias, la contactaron y le enviaron 80 dólares, dinero que la ayudó a salir de Guatemala nuevamente y emprender otro viaje de regreso a la frontera. También organizaron un \u003cem>drag show\u003c/em> dedicado a Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/embed/XkR9vHtM9T8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abril y julio de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de unos meses más, Luna encontró la manera de salir de Guatemala y regresar a México. Solicitó una visa humanitaria para quedarse temporalmente y encontró trabajo haciendo tortillas en un restaurante de Tapachula. Conoció a algunos nuevos amigos, otros migrantes transgéneros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pronto, llena de valor por sus nuevos amigos, decidió vestirse de mujer nuevamente para cenar con ellos en un café local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La mañana siguiente, a las 6 a.m. llamó llorando. Dijo que había sido violada por cinco hombres armados, que la secuestraron mientras esperaba un taxi después de cenar. Dijo que la golpearon y la patearon en los riñones, donde se estaba recuperando de una reciente infección.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Por qué tengo que sufrir tanto? ¿Por qué la vida es injusta conmigo?”, sollozó Luna. “¿Por qué cuando demuestro la persona que soy, siempre me va mal, eso es lo que no entiendo”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que tenía demasiado miedo de presentar una demanda ante la policía mexicana, porque probablemente no harían más que reírse de ella y decir cosas homofóbicas. Me envió una publicación en Facebook sobre la muerte de un activista gay, Juan Ruiz Nicolás, quien fue asesinado en Tapachula, el pueblo donde se hospedaba cerca de la frontera con Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Allegra Love, abogada con Santa Fe Dreamers Project\"]‘Si ella se hubiera asociado con un buen abogado de asilo, ahora mismo estaríamos teniendo una conversación realmente diferente sobre ella. Podríamos estar hablando de ella ahora en 2020, inscribirse en un colegio comunitario o, ya sabes, conseguir su primer apartamento o, de hecho, conseguir su residencia legal permanente en Estados Unidos’.[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Como no reportó la violación a nadie, es difícil confirmar que Luna fue agredida. Esto es parte de la paradoja de los solicitantes de asilo. Se espera que documenten y prueben las cosas horribles que les han sucedido, pero con demasiada frecuencia, el acto de demandar estos abusos podría ponerlos en mayor peligro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por supuesto, como periodistas, hemos hecho todo lo posible para examinar su historia. KQED incluso demandó al Departamento de Seguridad Nacional para obtener los registros de Luna. Pero cuando se trata de lo que sucedió a Luna en Guatemala o México, no hay forma de probar el tráfico y la violencia. Llevaba tanto tiempo en tránsito, viviendo en la calle y en refugios, que tiene poca documentación de su vida. Aún así, la historia de Luna es consistente con lo que han encontrado los defensores y las investigaciones sobre el trato de los detenidos inmigrantes transgéneros y portadores de VIH. Mucho de esto también se refleja en su solicitud de asilo y en sus registros médicos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna finalmente recibió una visa humanitaria temporal y una tarjeta de identificación mexicana, válida por un año. El gobierno mexicano la envió de regreso a Tijuana, a una casa segura para refugiados LGBTQ llamada Casa Arcoíris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846833\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846833 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán camina por las calles de Tijuana con sus amistades de Casa Arcoíris, un albergue para refugiados LGBTQ provenientes de todo el mundo que esperan en México para recibir asilo en los Estados Unidos.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán camina por las calles de Tijuana con sus amistades de Casa Arcoíris, un albergue para refugiados LGBTQ provenientes de todo el mundo que esperan en México para recibir asilo en los Estados Unidos. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Octubre de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En octubre decidimos volver a visitarla en Tijuana para saber cómo estaba. Pero no pudimos encontrarnos con ella en la casa donde se quedaba porque querían mantener la ubicación en secreto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nos encontramos con Luna y uno de sus nuevos compañeros refugiados en un enorme supermercado donde compraban frijoles secos, zanahorias y repollo. Cada uno de ellos se turnaron para cocinar un platillo de su país de origen para los otros habitantes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Une amige no binario de Honduras, que no quiso dar su nombre por seguridad, dijo que Luna es bien querida en la casa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Se ha encariñado con todo el mundo. Todo el mundo la aprecia mucho”, dijo une compañere refugiados de Luna. \u003cspan style=\"color: #ff0000\"> \u003c/span>“Ha compartido su historia. La comunidad LGBT nos hace una conexión como familia”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esa comunidad, esa estabilidad, cambiaron las cosas para Luna. Llevaba vestido y lápiz labial con más frecuencia, se reía más con sus nuevos amigos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846825 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg\" alt=\"En Tijuana, Luna Guzmán ha logrado expresar y explorar su identidad de género con más libertad.\" width=\"800\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-1020x805.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-160x126.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych.jpg 1368w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">En Tijuana, Luna Guzmán ha logrado expresar y explorar su identidad de género con más libertad. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pero su semblante cambió cuando nos llevó a ver la sección de la valla fronteriza por donde cruzó la última vez que vino a California. Señaló ardillas y libélulas que volaban entre los listones de la cerca, entre países, sin siquiera saberlo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es algo que los humanos se nos limita a veces, verdad, que no tenemos esa libertad”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Le preguntamos qué pensaba mientras miraba a través de los barrotes de la cerca hacia California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es un muro que mata sueños, que quita todo”, dijo Luna “Yo dije de este muro para acá, voy a dejar todo mi pasado. No a voltear ni a ver. Aquí es el nuevo inicio, aquí volví a nacer. Eso es California, y no se va a ir. Algún día yo voy a ir ahí. No sé si hasta cuando sea el 2050 o 2100 pero voy a ir ahí algún día”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846830\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846830 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán mira a través de la valla fronteriza en Tijuana, desde el mismo sitio en donde cruzó la frontera en enero de 2019 cuando intentaba entrar a California por segunda vez. Había sido deportada anteriormente luego de que abandonó su solicitud de asilo ya que no podía aguantar más meses largos de sufrir acosos y abusos en el centro de detención.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán mira a través de la valla fronteriza en Tijuana, desde el mismo sitio en donde cruzó la frontera en enero de 2019 cuando intentaba entrar a California por segunda vez. Había sido deportada anteriormente luego de que abandonó su solicitud de asilo ya que no podía aguantar más meses largos de sufrir acosos y abusos en el centro de detención. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>“Gracias por contar mi historia”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo de 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando el brote de COVID-19 llegó a México, Luna nos dejó un mensaje de voz. Planeaba quedarse en un albergue con una amiga en las afueras de Ensenada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hablamos sobre su alivio por estar lejos del centro de detención de Otay Mesa que resultó tener uno de los mayores brotes de COVID-19. Irónicamente, ser deportada pudo haberle salvado la vida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por otro lado, si todavía estuviera detenida, podría haber sido entregada a un patrocinador en EE.UU., como lo han estado algunos otros detenidos transgénera, para evitar el riesgo de contraer coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero un mes después, en abril, Luna dejó una mensaje de voz. Su respiración era tan pesada y astrosa que era difícil de entender. Dijo que estaba en una unidad de cuidados intensivos del hospital público de Tijuana, enferma de COVID-19. Estaban a punto de ponerle un respirador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gracias por todo”, dijo Luna con voz ronca. “Por querer contar mi historia. Ojalá la gente recuerde un poco de mí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luego, como ha sucedido tantas veces en los últimos dos años, la conversación con Luna en WhatsApp se quedó en silencio durante semanas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finalmente, luego de varias semanas en el hospital, Luna dejó otro mensaje desde su cama de hospital. La habían desconectado del ventilador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ay, Dios, yo pensé que iba a morir”, suspiró. “Pero no, aquí la pinche Luna está todavía aquí. Aquí está todavía resistiendo todo esto. Tengo mucho que vivir, mucho que expresar todavía. Soy una mujer fuerte. He sobrevivido todo, puedo sobrevivir esto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Historias Relacionadas' tag='kqed-en-espanol']\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna nos dejó un mensaje de voz diciendo que el gobierno mexicano acaba de extender su visa humanitaria por un año más. Para ella era complicado trabajar y pagar alquiler en Tijuana. Tiene síntomas persistentes de coronavirus que incluyen fatiga, dificultad para respirar y dolor en las cuerdas vocales. Su sistema inmunológico también estaba luchando para combatir el VIH. Le preocupa que su cuerpo no sea lo suficientemente fuerte para combatir otro virus, por lo que se queda en casa lo más posible para evitar volver a infectarse con COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo también que ella y otros migrantes están celebrando la victoria de Joe Biden y esperan que él cumpla su promesa de campaña de “poner fin a las políticas de asilo perjudiciales del presidente Trump”, que incluían dificultar la búsqueda de protección para los migrantes LGBTQ.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que está lista para solicitar asilo en Estados Unidos nuevamente si las cosas cambian bajo el nuevo gobierno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aquí estamos echándole ganas a la vida. Somos guerrilleras y hemos pasado por momentos difíciles. Tenemos esperanzas siempre, siempre sonriendole a la vida”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este reporte fue traducido por el periodista Kervy Robles y editado por la periodista \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amorga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adriana Morga\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ccabreralomeli\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí\u003c/a> y \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/lblanco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lina Blanco\u003c/a> también contribuyeron a esta versión en español. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este proyecto contó con el apoyo de una subvención de la fundación \u003ca href=\"https://www.iwmf.org/\">International Women’s Media\u003c/a>. Su programa de Subvenciones para reportar las historias de las mujeres recibe fondos de la organización Secular Society. \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10656367/\">Zoey Luna\u003c/a>, actriz transgénero vanguardista, dio su voz para el doblaje de Luna Guzmán en el audio \u003c/em>\u003cem>documental.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Hemos seguido la historia de Luna Guzmán por dos años, desde que llegó a Tijuana luego de haber abandonado su vieja vida en Guatemala con el sueño de llegar a California.",
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"title": "‘Una mariposa con las alas rotas’: La búsqueda de una solicitante de asilo transgénera para llegar a California | KQED",
"description": "Hemos seguido la historia de Luna Guzmán por dos años, desde que llegó a Tijuana luego de haber abandonado su vieja vida en Guatemala con el sueño de llegar a California.",
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"headline": "‘Una mariposa con las alas rotas’: La búsqueda de una solicitante de asilo transgénera para llegar a California",
"datePublished": "2020-12-21T16:26:05-08:00",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11844742/a-butterfly-with-my-wings-cut-off-a-transgender-asylum-seekers-quest-to-come-to-california\">\u003cem>Read in English\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Nota de editorx: Pese a que la Real Academia Española (RAE) específica el uso del término transgénero para describir y abarcar todas las experiencias trans dentro del arco de la identidad de género, hemos decidido utilizar la palabra transgénera con la intención de usar un término que mejor corresponda a las experiencias e identidad de Luna.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando cumplió 15 años, como tantas chicas en su pueblo en Guatemala, Luna Guzmán celebró con una quinceañera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me prestaron el vestido de una compañera porque yo lloraba. Cada vez que íbamos a la escuela teníamos que pasar en frente de una tienda donde habían vestidos de novia y de quinceañera”, dijo Luna. “Yo siempre me quedaba viendo, hasta tocaba el vidrio”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El vestido que pidió prestado era de color turquesa, con una falda larga. Se quitó sus zapatos tenis, se puso los tacones y una tiara y empezó a bailar con sus amigos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Había un pastel, botellas de champán y chambelanes, chicos que se vistieron en trajes para acompañarla a la fiesta secreta en casa de un amigo. Ninguno de sus parientes estaba allí porque no podían imaginar a Luna como una niña transgénera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘La maestra siempre hablaba con mi mamá. Le decía, ‘¿Oye por qué no puedes cambiar a tu hijo? ¿No los puedes llevar con un psicólogo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psiquiatra? Hace ver mal a mi escuela’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instantes de esa fiesta de cumpleaños perduran en la memoria de Luna como un tiempo en su vida en el cual sintió verdaderamente el placer y la libertad. Era algo para saborear una y otra vez conforme iniciaba la década siguiente, cuando vestía camisetas de fútbol y trataba de parecerse al chico que sabía no llevaba por dentro. Mientras lidiaba con una violencia brutal, decidió tomar el tremendo riesgo de dejar atrás todo en Guatemala y tratar de encontrar una nueva vida en California. Las memorias eran un lugar en donde ella podía imaginarse a salvo, siendo ella misma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conocimos a Luna en un refugio para migrantes en Tijuana dos años atrás y desde entonces nos hemos mantenido en contacto con ella, durante su viaje por la frontera, donde pasó meses detenida por el Servicio de Inmigración y Control de Aduanas (ICE por sus siglas en inglés), y su búsqueda por el amparo en México. Pasamos semanas tratando desesperadamente de localizarla en una unidad de cuidados intensivos después de que ella dejara un mensaje de voz en el que había sido diagnosticada con un caso severo de COVID-19. “Gracias por contar mi historia”, dijo con voz ronca y entrecortada, apenas se reconocía su voz . “Gracias por todo. Por contar mi historia. Si muero, ojalá que la gente un día se acuerde de mí”.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/8-aYksXNNUA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/8-aYksXNNUA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>‘¿No puedes cambiar a tu hijo?’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Luna creció en las afueras de una pequeña ciudad en el área central de Guatemala, en una casa construida por palos y periódicos. Su madre vendía papas fritas en un carrito de comida y Luna ayudó a cuidar a sus tres hermanos, uno de ellos con discapacidades del desarrollo. Su padre no formó parte de su vida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna contó que era una voraz lectora, pasando horas en la biblioteca de su ciudad. En la escuela jugaba a disfrazarse con otras chicas. Luna se transformaba en una mariposa, sus alas estaban hechas de pedazos de cartón que encontraba en las calles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“La maestra siempre hablaba con mi mamá. Le decía, ‘¿Oye por qué no puedes cambiar a tu hijo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psicólogo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psiquiatra? Hace ver mal a mi escuela”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que su madre la defendió al principio. Cuando confesó ser gay a los 14 años, su mamá brindó con una copa de agua de jamaica. Pero a medida que Luna crecía, su madre desaprobaba los vestidos y los tacones. Su hijo, ¿vistiéndose como una mujer? Para ella, eso iba en contra de la naturaleza. Entonces Luna volvió a vestir con camisetas de fútbol y pantalones cortos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Esos desprecios ahora los entiendo”, dijo Luna. “Ella tal vez quería protegerme”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849344\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11849344 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"A lo largo de su vida, Luna Guzmán ha luchado para ser aceptada como mujer transgénera. Ella ha dicho que ha sido víctima de violencia brutal cuando demuestra su verdadera identidad de género como mujer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-160x123.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1536x1177.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2.jpg 1856w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lo largo de su vida, Luna Guzmán ha luchado para ser aceptada como mujer transgénera. Ella ha dicho que ha sido víctima de violencia brutal cuando demuestra su verdadera identidad de género como mujer. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Octubre de 2007\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A los 13 años, justo en la cúspide de su adolescencia, Luna fue violada por un hombre mayor que era su vecino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“En un principio decía ¿por qué a mí? Explícame ¿por qué a mí? Si hay alguien ahí arriba por qué no me explicas”, suspiró Luna. “Pero nunca obtuve esa respuesta. Nunca la obtuve. Hasta hoy en día nunca la he tenido.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna contó que poco después fue forzada a integrar una red de tráfico de personas y labor sexual. Algunos hombres de mucho poder en su pueblo la obligaron a entrar a una red de tráfico de personas. ¿Los clientes? Hombres mayores que pagaban cientos de dólares estadounidenses para dormir con niños pequeños y niñas transgénera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El tráfico de personas y la explotación sexual están desenfrenados en Guatemala, y la Organización de las Naciones Unidas ha denunciado el alarmante número de menores de edad forzados a ingresar a redes de tráfico debido a la pobreza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero no había nadie que la ayudara. Los proxenetas, según Luna, tenían vínculos con la policía y los principales funcionarios públicos de la ciudad. “Si alguien intentaba denunciarlos o presentar una denuncia, lo tiraban a la basura”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muchos menores de edad en la red de tráfico de personas estaban infectados con enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Cuando tenía 16 años, Luna descubrió que era portadora del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, conocido también como VIH. El acoso de la gente se intensificó en una ciudad donde ya se le había arrojado piedras y manifestado que se mantuviera alejada de los niños. Luna recuerda que, una vez, algunas personas la golpearon con tanta fuerza que le rompieron la clavícula y le dijeron que se comportara como un “hombre de verdad”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mi pueblo es tan pequeño. No hay información sobre orientación sexual, sobre VIH”, dijo Luna. “No hay información de nada. Es muy cerrado (de mente)”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando cumplío 19 años, Luna cuenta que todavía la obligaban ocasionalmente a trabajar en la red de tráfico sexual. Al llegar a la edad adulta, comenzó a dar algunos pasos para recuperar el control de su vida. Se inscribió en un curso para convertirse en una bombero voluntaria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849342\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11849342 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán worked as a fire fighter in her home town. She said she left the department after experiencing harassment and homophobic threats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán trabajó como bombera en su pueblo natal. Ella dice que abandonó la cuadrilla luego de sufrir acoso y amenazas homofóbicas. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2014\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna se graduó del programa de bomberos. Se sentía valerosa al rescatar personas de accidentes automovilísticos y apagar edificios en llamas. Pero luego, los otros bomberos descubrieron que era portadora del VIH y comenzaron a burlarse de ella con insultos homofóbicos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soñó entonces con una salida y puso su mirada en California. Había visto vídeos del enorme desfile del orgullo LGBTQ en San Francisco. Sabía que en California no podría ser despedida o desalojada por ser transgénera, tendría derecho a obtener una identificación con el nombre que deseaba y a usar el baño que coincida con su género. También esperaba poder ganar lo suficiente dinero para pagar su transición.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dejó a su familia, el departamento de bomberos, los vecinos y los proxenetas. Tenía 22 años.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Se subió al famoso tren que los migrantes llaman La Bestia, que viaja de la frontera sur a la frontera norte de México. No usó vestidos en el viaje. Como ha hecho durante la mayor parte de su vida, mantuvo su cabello corto y usó camisetas y pantalones cortos de hombre por seguridad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849343\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 694px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11849343 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán rides a train heading from Guatemala through Mexico in 2017. She travelled with several other LGBTQ migrants and said that at one point they were attacked by men armed with machetes.\" width=\"694\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg 694w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán montada en un tren, el cual la llevaría de Guatemala a México en 2017. Viajó con otros migrantes LGBTQ y dijo que una vez fueron atacados por hombres armados con machetes. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Cruzando la Frontera Sin Un Respaldo Seguro\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Agosto de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando Luna llegó al cruce fronterizo entre Estados Unidos y México en Otay Mesa, cerca de San Diego, le dijo a un oficial que estaba huyendo de la violencia homofóbica en Guatemala y que estaba pidiendo asilo. Sin embargo, sus esperanzas de sentirse protegida se desvanecieron al cruzar a Estados Unidos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me entraron a unas oficinas. Y como a los 30 minutos me arrestaron en unas cadenas en las manos, en los pies, en la cintura”, dijo Luna. “Aquí te tratan como un criminal, solamente por eso. Se siente bien feo, te sientes como un zero a la izquierda”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los agentes fronterizos no determinan las solicitudes de asilo—eso sucede más tarde—pero son responsables de la transferencia de los detenidos en custodia de ICE, donde eventualmente hablan con un oficial encargado de procesar una petición de asilo. Sin embargo, los funcionarios fronterizos no marcaron la casilla en el formulario de admisión de Luna que indica que se identificó como LGBTQ, ni la casilla que indica que podría correr un mayor riesgo de abuso sexual durante su detención.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846822\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846822 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png\" alt=\"U.S. Customs and Border Patrol “Detainee Assessment” form dated 8/9/2017. Although Luna Guzmán clearly told officials she feared homophobic violence, they did not check the box noting that she identified as LGBTQ.\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-1020x624.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-160x98.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot.png 1428w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Un formulario titulado ‘Evaluación del detenido’ de la Oficina de Aduanas y Protección Fronteriza, con la fecha 9 de agosto, de 2017. Pese a que Luna Guzmán claramente le explicó a los oficiales que ella había sido un blanco de violencia homofóbica, ellos no marcaron la casilla para identificar a Luna como alguien LGBTQ. \u003ccite>(Solicitud de información bajo la Ley por la Libertad de la Información)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fue entonces cuando las cosas empezaron a complicarse. ICE finalmente le asignó a Luna una cama en la unidad de hombres s en el centro de detención de Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diez días después de que llegó a la frontera pidiendo ayuda, un oficial del Servicio y Ciudadanía de los Estados Unidos realizó una entrevista de “miedo creíble”. Fue entonces cuando Luna dijo que a veces también se vestía como mujer. El oficial denominó su historia como verídica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Semanas más tarde, una organización latina que apoya a las personas trangénero con sede cerca de Los Ángeles llamada Las Crisantemas envió una carta de apoyo a la corte de inmigración reconociendo a Luna como una mujer trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sin embargo, Luna nunca fue trasladada a una unidad de detención para mujeres transgénera, a pesar de que en 2015 ICE había acordado mejorar los estándares para las detenidas transgénera, incluido el acceso a unidades separadas de la población en general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No la pusieron bajo la custodia protectora que requieren sus propios estándares”, dijo Allegra Love, abogada del Santa Fe Dreamers Project, quien ha representado a cientos de mujeres transgénera detenidas en los últimos años. Ella nunca fue la abogada de Luna, pero le pedimos que revisara su caso luego de que KQED demandó a ICE para obtener sus registros de inmigración.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Si alguien les dice: ‘oye, mira, soy trans, tengo disforia de género. No soy del género que crees que soy’, entonces el gobierno tiene esta responsabilidad consentida por su propia mano de tomar eso en serio y proteger a las personas de un mayor peligro”, dijo Love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna pasó meses en la unidad de hombres antes de que su caso de asilo pudiera ser escuchado por completo, meses en los que dijo que los otros detenidos la acosaban y menospreciaban repetidamente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846829\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846829 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Varias rejas de seguridad rodean el centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa, ubicado al este de San Diego, donde Luna Guzmán fue detenida por ocho meses mientras esperaba presentar su solicitud para recibir asilo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Varias rejas de seguridad rodean el centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa, ubicado al este de San Diego, donde Luna Guzmán fue detenida por ocho meses mientras esperaba presentar su solicitud para recibir asilo. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Tribunal de inmigración aplazado, largos meses detenida\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna compareció ante la jueza de inmigración Olga Attia, asignada para la corte de inmgiración en 2017 por el entonces fiscal general Jeff Sessions. A Luna se le asignó un intérprete, pero ningún abogado. Si hubiera querido uno, habría tenido que encontrarlo y pagarlo por su propia cuenta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En las grabaciones de audio de las audiencias en la corte de inmigración, Luna le dijo a la jueza que estaba preocupada de estar detenida durante tanto tiempo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es que no siempre me dan la medicina que necesito para la enfermedad crónica que yo sufro”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Desafortunadamente, no tengo jurisdicción sobre tales asuntos,” le dijo Attia. “Debe informar a los oficiales de detención de esto”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna estuvo detenida durante cinco meses antes de poder presentar oficialmente su solicitud de asilo a la jueza Attia. Luego, la jueza le informó que no había citas disponibles para conocer la profundidad de su caso hasta otros cinco meses más.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Febrero de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de seis meses detenida, Luna era elegible para salir bajo fianza. Los abogados de ICE no se opusieron puesto que ella no tenía antecedentes penales. La jueza fijó la fianza en 4,500 dólares, sin embargo, como muchos solicitantes de asilo, Luna no tenía forma de pagar esa cantidad de dinero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A mí me hace daño psicológicamente. Yo nunca he estado detenida, su señoría”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incapaz de tolerar su detención en una unidad de hombres, Luna realizó algo que jamás pensó que podría. Renunció a su caso de asilo y pidió ser deportada de inmediato.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Voy a cumplir 8 meses de estar detenida en el centro de detención”, dijo Luna a través de un intérprete. “Me siento sola. No tengo palabras para explicarle, su señoría”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incluso cuando Attia aceptó el retiro de la solicitud de asilo, no estaba claro que la jueza entendía que Luna era transgénera. Después de que el intérprete explicó que Luna se refería a sí misma con el pronombre femenino, Attia siguió llamando a Luna “señor”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sólo puedo imaginar la pérdida de esperanza que alguien experimenta cuando huye de un país donde la razón por la que su vida está en peligro es porque sus instituciones se niegan a reconocer quiénes son”, dijo Love, la abogada que ha representado a decenas de personas trans detenidas provenientes de Centroamérica. “Luego llegar con un sentimiento de esperanza a un lugar donde creen que van a recibir un trato diferente, y luego que los agentes del orden y los jueces, oficiales de la corte, los rechacen inmediatamente también”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Si Luna hubiera decidido permanecer detenida y continuar con su solicitud de asilo, las probabilidades estaban en su contra especialmente sin un abogado. Durante el último año de la administración de Barack Obama, se denegó el 55 por ciento de todas las peticiones de asilo. Bajo la administración de Donald Trump, esas cifras subieron a un récord del 72 por ciento en 2020, según datos del proyecto TRAC de la Universidad de Syracuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Para los solicitantes de asilo de Guatemala, la tasa es aún mayor: el 85.8 por ciento de esas solicitudes son rechazadas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abril de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En el avión chárter de ICE para transportar a Luna y otros detenidos de regreso a Guatemala, ella recuerda que tuvo un ataque de pánico, temblaba tanto que apenas podía caminar sobre la pista cuando aterrizó en Ciudad de Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo también que fue a quedarse con su hermana, quien se había casado con un cristiano evangélico. Sin embargo, después de unos días, su hermana le dio algo de dinero y le pidió que se marchara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No tienes un hogar conmigo como una hermana”, recordó Luna que su hermana le dijo. “Solo como un hermano”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna se fue de Guatemala y poco a poco regresó a la frontera entre Estados Unidos y México, con la esperanza de encontrar un camino de regreso a California. Conocimos a Luna mientras se hospedaba en Casa del Migrante, un refugio para migrantes en Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "“Soy una mujer transgénera, pero no toda mi vida voy a vivir vestido como un niño. Yo quiero que el día de mañana todas las personas que me conocen digan , ‘Luna. Triunfó. Luna luchó por sus sueños y los alcanzó”.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que estaba tratando de seguir adelante como lavaplatos en un restaurante donde el dueño hacía comentarios homofóbicos. También luchaba por encontrar una clínica donde obtener su medicamento contra el VIH sin una identificación mexicana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Las suelas de sus zapatos se estaban desgastando y vestía una camiseta de fútbol, su cabello era muy corto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Soy una mujer transgénera, pero no toda mi vida voy a vivir vestido como un niño. Yo quiero que el día de mañana todas las personas que me conocen digan , ‘Luna. Triunfo. Luna luchó por sus sueños y los alcanzó”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846832\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846832 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt='Luna Guzmán posa enfrente de un mural en Tijuana. Cuando era pequeña, ella se disfrazaba como una mariposa. Mientras estaba detenida, dijo que se sentía como \"una mariposa con las alas rotas\".' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán posa enfrente de un mural en Tijuana. Cuando era pequeña, ella se disfrazaba como una mariposa. Mientras estaba detenida, dijo que se sentía como “una mariposa con las alas rotas”. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Un mes después, Luna mandó un mensaje vía WhatsApp para decir que sabía que su sueño de venir a California probablemente terminó porque había renunciado a su solicitud de asilo el año anterior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero luego, unas semanas más tarde, envió un vídeo suyo, de pie, en un lugar con mucho viento, y con el muro fronterizo detrás de ella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¡Mira!” exclamó Luna. “¡Crucé! Te veré en San Francisco, junto al puente Golden Gate para tomar un café”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WhatsApp se mantuvo en silencio durante semanas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Febrero de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recibimos finalmente una llamada que debimos pagar del centro de detención de Otay Mesa. Luna dijo a través de la línea telefónica desafinada que estaba en la misma celda y en la misma cama en la que se había quedado el año pasado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Le quita las alas a una mariposa, así me siento yo ahora”, dijo Luna. “He sido una prisionera en mi propio cuerpo, ahora soy una prisionera aquí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>12 de marzo de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de que Luna estuvo detenida durante unas seis semanas, ICE nos concedió permiso para entrevistarla en persona en Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seguimos a un guardia a una sala de espera con otras familias. Un letrero sobre el escritorio de metal gris de un guardia decía: “la esperanza es el ancla del alma. Sé agradecido”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando llamaron nuestros nombres, pasamos por una puerta pesada hasta donde Luna estaba sentada en una pequeña habitación. Vestía sandalias Crocs azules, calcetines marrones y un uniforme azul con la palabra “detenida” estampada en la espalda con letras blancas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846827\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846827 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sasha Khokha de The California Report entrevistó a Luna Guzmán dentro del centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa en marzo de 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sasha Khokha de The California Report entrevistó a Luna Guzmán dentro del centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa en marzo de 2019. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Se veía demacrada y exhausta, pero sus ojos aún brillaban. Su cabello era muy corto. Luna dijo que tuvo que cortárselo todo después de que un hombre le quitara un trozo de cabello con una navaja.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me dijo que no toleraba a los homosexuales y me cortó con la navaja”, dijo Luna. “De un rastrillo de una rasuradora me cortó mi cabello. Fue muy duro para mí porque me dijo que si yo me quejaba con los oficiales me iba a ir peor”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo además que eso sucedió en el Centro Correccional Metropolitano, una cárcel federal en San Diego, donde estuvo detenida durante aproximadamente una semana después de que los agentes de la patrulla fronteriza la recogieran. Fue acusada allí del delito federal de reingreso ilegal a Estados Unidos, luego de que el presidente Trump intensificara los enjuiciamientos bajo una política de “cero tolerancia”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero el acoso sexual en el centro de detención de ICE fue aún peor, agregó Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aquí hay personas que nos tocan el trasero, que nos tocan las bubis que nos miran cuando nos estamos bañando”, dijo Luna. “ Quieren que nos enseñen sus partes. Yo no quiero estar más tiempo acá. Yo sé que si yo me meto una queja, no me van a hacer caso. Yo se que no me van a hacer caso”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Además, Luna dijo que no le alcanzaba el dinero para comprarse champú o bocadillos en la tienda del centro de detención. Agregó que otros presos se ofrecieron a comprárselos a cambio de favores sexuales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yo no voy a hacer algo que no me guste por una sopa que vale 60 centavos de dólar”, dijo Luna. Yo no voy a estar haciendo cosas malas, tener sexo con nadie acá. Toda la discriminación que vivimos allá afuera, acá es peor porque acá es otro mundo. Acá es un mundo de la discriminación y la homofobia y el acoso es súper grandísimo. Es peor que allá afuera. Porque acá no tienes para dónde ir, acá está todo cerrado”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Un estudio en 2018 encontró que los inmigrantes LGBTQ tienen casi 100 veces más probabilidades de ser acosados o agredidos sexualmente durante una detención de ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He sido prisionera en mi propio cuerpo, ahora soy una prisionera aquí”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que no quería llorar delante de nosotros. Quería ser la persona fuerte que nos había impresionado con su coraje y tenacidad cuando la conocimos en Tijuana cuatro meses atrás.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero después de nuestra entrevista nos asomamos por una ventana de la pequeña habitación. Tenía la cabeza sobre la mesa y sollozaba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846828\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846828 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán llora cabizbaja después de su entrevista con las reporteras Sasha Khokha y Erin Siegal McIntyre.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán llora cabizbaja después de su entrevista con las reporteras Sasha Khokha y Erin Siegal McIntyre. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre. )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>El segundo período de detención de Luna solo duró un par de meses. ICE trató de deportarla lo antes posible: había reingresado a Estados Unidos escalando la valla fronteriza y violó la prohibición de cinco años de reingreso que se le impuso cuando fue deportada por primera vez. Ahora se le prohibió regresar al país en 20 años.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esta era la segunda vez que estaba detenida y todavía no tenía abogado. Nadie que le ofrezca una alternativa al asilo, algo llamado “Retención de la Expulsión”, que ha permitido que algunas mujeres trans de Centroamérica se queden en Estados Unidos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Si ella se hubiera asociado con un buen abogado de asilo, ahora mismo estaríamos teniendo una conversación realmente diferente sobre ella”, dijo Love. “Podríamos estar hablando de ella ahora en 2020, inscribiéndose en una universidad comunitaria o, ya sabes, consiguiendo su primer apartamento o, de hecho, obteniendo su residencia legal permanente en Estados Unidos y una green card o permiso de residencia. Pero en cambio, no se le proporcionó el proceso que se merecía”.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“No es seguro que te quedes en Guatemala”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo 27 de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna fue deportada por segunda vez a la Ciudad de Guatemala. KQED contrató a un equipo de filmación para encontrarse con ella cuando bajara del avión.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contó cuatro dólares estadounidense de una bolsa de plástico marcada como “propiedad personal”, dinero ganado trabajando en la lavandería del centro de detención. Se pasó la mano por la cara, como queriendo que todo desapareciera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luego se dirigió a la Asociación Lambda, una organización LGBTQ en la Ciudad de Guatemala que ayuda a los deportados, que después de escuchar su historia, un empleado de admisión le dijo a Luna que no era seguro quedarse en Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Su perfil es de alto riesgo”, dijo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No necesitaba recordarle sobre las mujeres trans que fueron asesinadas recientemente después de haber sido deportadas a Centroamérica. El empleado de admisión dijo también que le preocupaba que los proxenetas en su ciudad natal pudieran tener conexiones en la Ciudad de Guatemala y rastrearla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consiguió una casa segura en un lugar secreto, pero Luna decidió irse después de pasar una noche allí. Se negó a sentirse encerrada de nuevo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A estas alturas llevábamos cinco meses informando sobre la historia de Luna. Algunos oyentes transgéneros de California Report en Modesto que escucharon una de las historias, la contactaron y le enviaron 80 dólares, dinero que la ayudó a salir de Guatemala nuevamente y emprender otro viaje de regreso a la frontera. También organizaron un \u003cem>drag show\u003c/em> dedicado a Luna.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/XkR9vHtM9T8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/XkR9vHtM9T8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abril y julio de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de unos meses más, Luna encontró la manera de salir de Guatemala y regresar a México. Solicitó una visa humanitaria para quedarse temporalmente y encontró trabajo haciendo tortillas en un restaurante de Tapachula. Conoció a algunos nuevos amigos, otros migrantes transgéneros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pronto, llena de valor por sus nuevos amigos, decidió vestirse de mujer nuevamente para cenar con ellos en un café local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La mañana siguiente, a las 6 a.m. llamó llorando. Dijo que había sido violada por cinco hombres armados, que la secuestraron mientras esperaba un taxi después de cenar. Dijo que la golpearon y la patearon en los riñones, donde se estaba recuperando de una reciente infección.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Por qué tengo que sufrir tanto? ¿Por qué la vida es injusta conmigo?”, sollozó Luna. “¿Por qué cuando demuestro la persona que soy, siempre me va mal, eso es lo que no entiendo”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que tenía demasiado miedo de presentar una demanda ante la policía mexicana, porque probablemente no harían más que reírse de ella y decir cosas homofóbicas. Me envió una publicación en Facebook sobre la muerte de un activista gay, Juan Ruiz Nicolás, quien fue asesinado en Tapachula, el pueblo donde se hospedaba cerca de la frontera con Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Si ella se hubiera asociado con un buen abogado de asilo, ahora mismo estaríamos teniendo una conversación realmente diferente sobre ella. Podríamos estar hablando de ella ahora en 2020, inscribirse en un colegio comunitario o, ya sabes, conseguir su primer apartamento o, de hecho, conseguir su residencia legal permanente en Estados Unidos’.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Como no reportó la violación a nadie, es difícil confirmar que Luna fue agredida. Esto es parte de la paradoja de los solicitantes de asilo. Se espera que documenten y prueben las cosas horribles que les han sucedido, pero con demasiada frecuencia, el acto de demandar estos abusos podría ponerlos en mayor peligro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por supuesto, como periodistas, hemos hecho todo lo posible para examinar su historia. KQED incluso demandó al Departamento de Seguridad Nacional para obtener los registros de Luna. Pero cuando se trata de lo que sucedió a Luna en Guatemala o México, no hay forma de probar el tráfico y la violencia. Llevaba tanto tiempo en tránsito, viviendo en la calle y en refugios, que tiene poca documentación de su vida. Aún así, la historia de Luna es consistente con lo que han encontrado los defensores y las investigaciones sobre el trato de los detenidos inmigrantes transgéneros y portadores de VIH. Mucho de esto también se refleja en su solicitud de asilo y en sus registros médicos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna finalmente recibió una visa humanitaria temporal y una tarjeta de identificación mexicana, válida por un año. El gobierno mexicano la envió de regreso a Tijuana, a una casa segura para refugiados LGBTQ llamada Casa Arcoíris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846833\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846833 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán camina por las calles de Tijuana con sus amistades de Casa Arcoíris, un albergue para refugiados LGBTQ provenientes de todo el mundo que esperan en México para recibir asilo en los Estados Unidos.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán camina por las calles de Tijuana con sus amistades de Casa Arcoíris, un albergue para refugiados LGBTQ provenientes de todo el mundo que esperan en México para recibir asilo en los Estados Unidos. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Octubre de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En octubre decidimos volver a visitarla en Tijuana para saber cómo estaba. Pero no pudimos encontrarnos con ella en la casa donde se quedaba porque querían mantener la ubicación en secreto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nos encontramos con Luna y uno de sus nuevos compañeros refugiados en un enorme supermercado donde compraban frijoles secos, zanahorias y repollo. Cada uno de ellos se turnaron para cocinar un platillo de su país de origen para los otros habitantes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Une amige no binario de Honduras, que no quiso dar su nombre por seguridad, dijo que Luna es bien querida en la casa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Se ha encariñado con todo el mundo. Todo el mundo la aprecia mucho”, dijo une compañere refugiados de Luna. \u003cspan style=\"color: #ff0000\"> \u003c/span>“Ha compartido su historia. La comunidad LGBT nos hace una conexión como familia”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esa comunidad, esa estabilidad, cambiaron las cosas para Luna. Llevaba vestido y lápiz labial con más frecuencia, se reía más con sus nuevos amigos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846825 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg\" alt=\"En Tijuana, Luna Guzmán ha logrado expresar y explorar su identidad de género con más libertad.\" width=\"800\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-1020x805.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-160x126.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych.jpg 1368w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">En Tijuana, Luna Guzmán ha logrado expresar y explorar su identidad de género con más libertad. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pero su semblante cambió cuando nos llevó a ver la sección de la valla fronteriza por donde cruzó la última vez que vino a California. Señaló ardillas y libélulas que volaban entre los listones de la cerca, entre países, sin siquiera saberlo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es algo que los humanos se nos limita a veces, verdad, que no tenemos esa libertad”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Le preguntamos qué pensaba mientras miraba a través de los barrotes de la cerca hacia California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es un muro que mata sueños, que quita todo”, dijo Luna “Yo dije de este muro para acá, voy a dejar todo mi pasado. No a voltear ni a ver. Aquí es el nuevo inicio, aquí volví a nacer. Eso es California, y no se va a ir. Algún día yo voy a ir ahí. No sé si hasta cuando sea el 2050 o 2100 pero voy a ir ahí algún día”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846830\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11846830 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán mira a través de la valla fronteriza en Tijuana, desde el mismo sitio en donde cruzó la frontera en enero de 2019 cuando intentaba entrar a California por segunda vez. Había sido deportada anteriormente luego de que abandonó su solicitud de asilo ya que no podía aguantar más meses largos de sufrir acosos y abusos en el centro de detención.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán mira a través de la valla fronteriza en Tijuana, desde el mismo sitio en donde cruzó la frontera en enero de 2019 cuando intentaba entrar a California por segunda vez. Había sido deportada anteriormente luego de que abandonó su solicitud de asilo ya que no podía aguantar más meses largos de sufrir acosos y abusos en el centro de detención. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>“Gracias por contar mi historia”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo de 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando el brote de COVID-19 llegó a México, Luna nos dejó un mensaje de voz. Planeaba quedarse en un albergue con una amiga en las afueras de Ensenada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hablamos sobre su alivio por estar lejos del centro de detención de Otay Mesa que resultó tener uno de los mayores brotes de COVID-19. Irónicamente, ser deportada pudo haberle salvado la vida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por otro lado, si todavía estuviera detenida, podría haber sido entregada a un patrocinador en EE.UU., como lo han estado algunos otros detenidos transgénera, para evitar el riesgo de contraer coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero un mes después, en abril, Luna dejó una mensaje de voz. Su respiración era tan pesada y astrosa que era difícil de entender. Dijo que estaba en una unidad de cuidados intensivos del hospital público de Tijuana, enferma de COVID-19. Estaban a punto de ponerle un respirador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gracias por todo”, dijo Luna con voz ronca. “Por querer contar mi historia. Ojalá la gente recuerde un poco de mí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luego, como ha sucedido tantas veces en los últimos dos años, la conversación con Luna en WhatsApp se quedó en silencio durante semanas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finalmente, luego de varias semanas en el hospital, Luna dejó otro mensaje desde su cama de hospital. La habían desconectado del ventilador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ay, Dios, yo pensé que iba a morir”, suspiró. “Pero no, aquí la pinche Luna está todavía aquí. Aquí está todavía resistiendo todo esto. Tengo mucho que vivir, mucho que expresar todavía. Soy una mujer fuerte. He sobrevivido todo, puedo sobrevivir esto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna nos dejó un mensaje de voz diciendo que el gobierno mexicano acaba de extender su visa humanitaria por un año más. Para ella era complicado trabajar y pagar alquiler en Tijuana. Tiene síntomas persistentes de coronavirus que incluyen fatiga, dificultad para respirar y dolor en las cuerdas vocales. Su sistema inmunológico también estaba luchando para combatir el VIH. Le preocupa que su cuerpo no sea lo suficientemente fuerte para combatir otro virus, por lo que se queda en casa lo más posible para evitar volver a infectarse con COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo también que ella y otros migrantes están celebrando la victoria de Joe Biden y esperan que él cumpla su promesa de campaña de “poner fin a las políticas de asilo perjudiciales del presidente Trump”, que incluían dificultar la búsqueda de protección para los migrantes LGBTQ.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que está lista para solicitar asilo en Estados Unidos nuevamente si las cosas cambian bajo el nuevo gobierno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aquí estamos echándole ganas a la vida. Somos guerrilleras y hemos pasado por momentos difíciles. Tenemos esperanzas siempre, siempre sonriendole a la vida”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este reporte fue traducido por el periodista Kervy Robles y editado por la periodista \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amorga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adriana Morga\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ccabreralomeli\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí\u003c/a> y \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/lblanco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lina Blanco\u003c/a> también contribuyeron a esta versión en español. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este proyecto contó con el apoyo de una subvención de la fundación \u003ca href=\"https://www.iwmf.org/\">International Women’s Media\u003c/a>. Su programa de Subvenciones para reportar las historias de las mujeres recibe fondos de la organización Secular Society. \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10656367/\">Zoey Luna\u003c/a>, actriz transgénero vanguardista, dio su voz para el doblaje de Luna Guzmán en el audio \u003c/em>\u003cem>documental.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "transgender-prisoners-transition-in-lockup-becoming-more-and-more-of-me",
"title": "Transgender Prisoners Transition in Lockup: 'Becoming More and More of Me'",
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"headTitle": "Transgender Prisoners Transition in Lockup: ‘Becoming More and More of Me’ | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Reader advisory: \u003ci>Some accounts of violence in this story contain explicit details and strong language that some may find upsetting. This \u003c/i>\u003c/em>\u003ci>story is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11794221/could-changing-how-transgender-inmates-are-housed-make-prison-safer-for-them\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">larger piece\u003c/a> on transgender prisoners. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, Yekaterina Wesa Patience found herself in a prison crisis bed. She said she could no longer play the tough guy — or any guy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t do it no more. I kind of started having a little mental breakdown. … It was too painful,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patience, 44, an inmate at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, said she’d known she was a girl since her childhood in North Carolina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 14, she moved to California. There, she said she found herself on the streets of Los Angeles, a victim of child sex trafficking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Ava Fey, transgender prisoner at California Medical Facility']‘Prison is not the optimal place to go through a transition, especially the beginning. People are thinking you’re one thing and then all of a sudden you’re not. … On the streets that might break friendships. Here, it might get you stabbed.’[/pullquote]Patience said she had been homeless for nearly four years when she committed the crimes — first-degree murder, attempted first-degree murder and cruelty to a child — that sent her to prison at 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really have a hard time reconciling that I did something like that,” she said. “It seemed like I could have stopped everything and I didn’t — like my heart was too cold to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’d do anything she could to change the past: “That was a damaging tragedy that ruined a whole lot of lives, and I was directly responsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison was no place to be openly transgender. Two rapes in less than two years forced her into the closet, she said. There she stayed until about four years ago, when she found herself in the crisis bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite knowing myself, the world told me different, and if I wanted to avoid problems I had to give the world what it wanted to see — and the world wanted to see a boy,” Patience said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794275\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794275\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Yekaterina Wesa Patience, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. Patience is an avid reader, estimating she has read thousands of books while in prison.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yekaterina Wesa Patience, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. Patience is an avid reader, estimating she has read thousands of books while in prison. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She finally confided her secret to a nurse: “I have to admit, I’m a girl. … It’s the first time I’m really just admitting it and saying that this is who I’m going to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it seemed like she had it together, “I would cry almost every night. … Because I never felt like I would ever get a chance to be me,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of other transgender inmates, Patience began to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I’m becoming more and more of me, and the more I am, the less angry I am, the more able I am to just kind of love myself and be gentler to other people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794376\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Makayla Fennell, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, plays basketball with two other transgender women, including Yekaterina Wesa Patience (right), on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Makayla Fennell, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, plays basketball with two other transgender women, including Yekaterina Wesa Patience (right), on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Patience, known as Kat, wrote about her struggles and transition over decades in prison, from her teen years to her 40s, in a short story she called “Platinum Linings” for the LGBTQ writing group at CMF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>” … my decisions, born and died in rage, put me so far away from where I started from. I never heard I’m proud of you as a child. In pain, my anger rose as I struggled to stand. To be more than I was ever allowed to imagine. Forced to live as a man …\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>… I desperately needed to be locked away — jailed and be moved for the safety of all involved. It provided me time to reflect and change. To be a better person, grow and evolve. …\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If only those thoughts would have molded me as a child I may now be reading a better page. But then I wouldn’t be me, the woman, the Kat, that my transformation has made.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I Just Jumped In’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As a child growing up in West Covina, Ava Fey knew she was different. In private, she would dress up in her mother’s and then stepmother’s clothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a pretty good idea I wasn’t like the other little boys,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794276\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794276\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like Patience, Fey, 58, ended up homeless and a victim of child sex trafficking on the streets around L.A., she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fey said she first went to federal prison at age 20 for robbing banks. After a few years, she came out as transgender. After she was released, Fey lived as a woman until she landed in California state prison in 1995 for the arson death of her adopted father. His death haunts her to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worst thing I’ve ever done in my life,” she said. “I didn’t mean for him to come to any harm. So when he did, it was even worse. … I’m not complaining about being in prison. I deserve to have come here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in maximum security lockup in California, she tried to keep her gender identity under the radar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t want to get used and abused,” Fey said. “Once I got out of there, then I kind of loosened up. It took me a minute. And I just jumped in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11794221 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_bikes7-qut-1020x574.jpg'] Fey shaved her beard and ordered makeup. In January 2019, a month after she transferred to the state prison in Vacaville, she started taking hormones. Still, it wasn’t easy going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prison is not the optimal place to go through a transition, especially the beginning. People are thinking you’re one thing and then all of a sudden you’re not,” she said. “Some people get pissed off and it’s like, ‘Oh, you’ve been tricking me or lying to me.’ On the streets that might break friendships. Here, it might get you stabbed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, Fey said she could feel a difference from the hormones even if she wasn’t sure it showed all that much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794380\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794380\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility, Fey asked officials from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, who were accompanying reporters on a media visit, to provide transgender inmates with treatments like electrolysis and voice therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is more than hormones and getting a vagina,” Fey said. “If you do just a part, what are you going to do, create a bearded lady? … That’s a circus freak show.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11795125 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-800x450.jpg']CDCR said medical interventions for transgender people don’t include wigs, facial or neck hair removal or voice therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has provided hormone therapy to prisoners for years, CDCR said. Many of the transgender women at CMF said they’re receiving hormones; CDCR said shots were the most common method though pills are also administered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I need this because for decades … it’s almost like somebody dressed me up in the wrong skin. It is not being yourself,” Fey said of the medical treatments. “I’m a woman but somebody walking by might not catch that. How can you live if you’re not what you are?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Reader advisory: \u003ci>Some accounts of violence in this story contain explicit details and strong language that some may find upsetting. This \u003c/i>\u003c/em>\u003ci>story is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11794221/could-changing-how-transgender-inmates-are-housed-make-prison-safer-for-them\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">larger piece\u003c/a> on transgender prisoners. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, Yekaterina Wesa Patience found herself in a prison crisis bed. She said she could no longer play the tough guy — or any guy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t do it no more. I kind of started having a little mental breakdown. … It was too painful,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patience, 44, an inmate at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, said she’d known she was a girl since her childhood in North Carolina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 14, she moved to California. There, she said she found herself on the streets of Los Angeles, a victim of child sex trafficking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Prison is not the optimal place to go through a transition, especially the beginning. People are thinking you’re one thing and then all of a sudden you’re not. … On the streets that might break friendships. Here, it might get you stabbed.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Patience said she had been homeless for nearly four years when she committed the crimes — first-degree murder, attempted first-degree murder and cruelty to a child — that sent her to prison at 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really have a hard time reconciling that I did something like that,” she said. “It seemed like I could have stopped everything and I didn’t — like my heart was too cold to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’d do anything she could to change the past: “That was a damaging tragedy that ruined a whole lot of lives, and I was directly responsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison was no place to be openly transgender. Two rapes in less than two years forced her into the closet, she said. There she stayed until about four years ago, when she found herself in the crisis bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite knowing myself, the world told me different, and if I wanted to avoid problems I had to give the world what it wanted to see — and the world wanted to see a boy,” Patience said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794275\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794275\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Yekaterina Wesa Patience, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. Patience is an avid reader, estimating she has read thousands of books while in prison.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_Transition_kat-reading-2-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yekaterina Wesa Patience, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. Patience is an avid reader, estimating she has read thousands of books while in prison. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She finally confided her secret to a nurse: “I have to admit, I’m a girl. … It’s the first time I’m really just admitting it and saying that this is who I’m going to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it seemed like she had it together, “I would cry almost every night. … Because I never felt like I would ever get a chance to be me,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of other transgender inmates, Patience began to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I’m becoming more and more of me, and the more I am, the less angry I am, the more able I am to just kind of love myself and be gentler to other people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794376\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Makayla Fennell, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, plays basketball with two other transgender women, including Yekaterina Wesa Patience (right), on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Makayla Fennell, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, plays basketball with two other transgender women, including Yekaterina Wesa Patience (right), on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Patience, known as Kat, wrote about her struggles and transition over decades in prison, from her teen years to her 40s, in a short story she called “Platinum Linings” for the LGBTQ writing group at CMF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>” … my decisions, born and died in rage, put me so far away from where I started from. I never heard I’m proud of you as a child. In pain, my anger rose as I struggled to stand. To be more than I was ever allowed to imagine. Forced to live as a man …\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>… I desperately needed to be locked away — jailed and be moved for the safety of all involved. It provided me time to reflect and change. To be a better person, grow and evolve. …\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If only those thoughts would have molded me as a child I may now be reading a better page. But then I wouldn’t be me, the woman, the Kat, that my transformation has made.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I Just Jumped In’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As a child growing up in West Covina, Ava Fey knew she was different. In private, she would dress up in her mother’s and then stepmother’s clothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a pretty good idea I wasn’t like the other little boys,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794276\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794276\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/TP_transition_ava-11-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like Patience, Fey, 58, ended up homeless and a victim of child sex trafficking on the streets around L.A., she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fey said she first went to federal prison at age 20 for robbing banks. After a few years, she came out as transgender. After she was released, Fey lived as a woman until she landed in California state prison in 1995 for the arson death of her adopted father. His death haunts her to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worst thing I’ve ever done in my life,” she said. “I didn’t mean for him to come to any harm. So when he did, it was even worse. … I’m not complaining about being in prison. I deserve to have come here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in maximum security lockup in California, she tried to keep her gender identity under the radar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t want to get used and abused,” Fey said. “Once I got out of there, then I kind of loosened up. It took me a minute. And I just jumped in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Fey shaved her beard and ordered makeup. In January 2019, a month after she transferred to the state prison in Vacaville, she started taking hormones. Still, it wasn’t easy going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prison is not the optimal place to go through a transition, especially the beginning. People are thinking you’re one thing and then all of a sudden you’re not,” she said. “Some people get pissed off and it’s like, ‘Oh, you’ve been tricking me or lying to me.’ On the streets that might break friendships. Here, it might get you stabbed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, Fey said she could feel a difference from the hormones even if she wasn’t sure it showed all that much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794380\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794380\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility, Fey asked officials from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, who were accompanying reporters on a media visit, to provide transgender inmates with treatments like electrolysis and voice therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is more than hormones and getting a vagina,” Fey said. “If you do just a part, what are you going to do, create a bearded lady? … That’s a circus freak show.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>CDCR said medical interventions for transgender people don’t include wigs, facial or neck hair removal or voice therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has provided hormone therapy to prisoners for years, CDCR said. Many of the transgender women at CMF said they’re receiving hormones; CDCR said shots were the most common method though pills are also administered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I need this because for decades … it’s almost like somebody dressed me up in the wrong skin. It is not being yourself,” Fey said of the medical treatments. “I’m a woman but somebody walking by might not catch that. How can you live if you’re not what you are?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Reader advisory: \u003ci>Some accounts of violence in this story contain explicit details and strong language that some may find upsetting.\u003c/i>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen Guerrero spent less than nine hours with her new cellmate before he murdered her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Jonathan Wilson, boyfriend of Carmen Guerrero, a transgender woman killed by her prison cellmate']‘Carmen died being who she wanted to be as a woman and it cost her her life.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miguel Crespo had told corrections officers at Kern Valley State Prison that he would kill Guerrero, a transgender woman who wore her hair long and tweezed her eyebrows, if he was forced to share a cell with her, according to an inmate who witnessed the incident and testified at Crespo’s murder trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Crespo moved in, Guerrero, 48, began filling out a form that prosecutors believe she intended to use as part of a transfer request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He stated he is not compatible with me. I’m worried to be raped again,” Guerrero wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794398\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 480px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11794398\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_GuerreroK06560-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A prison photo of Carmen Guerrero, a transgender woman killed by her cellmate at Kern Valley State Prison in late 2013. Her cellmate, Miguel Crespo, was sentenced to death in her murder in December 2019. Her family said in court that they didn't have any photos of Carmen because they were lost in a house fire.\" width=\"480\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_GuerreroK06560-qut.jpg 480w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_GuerreroK06560-qut-160x200.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A prison photo of Carmen Guerrero, a transgender woman killed by her cellmate at Kern Valley State Prison in late 2013. Her cellmate, Miguel Crespo, was sentenced to death in her murder in December 2019. Her family said in court that they didn’t have any photos of Carmen because they were lost in a house fire. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Prison guards told Crespo the move would be temporary, the other inmate testified. Later that night, after Crespo strangled Guerrero, he called the guards over and said, “You didn’t believe me. I told you I was gonna kill [Guerrero],” according to the inmate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crespo, who told the trial judge he had previously attacked a gay prisoner, argued in court he shouldn’t have been housed with Guerrero. In December, the judge sentenced Crespo to death for the 2013 murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation\u003c/a> would not comment specifically on the Guerrero case, but said it is “committed to addressing the safety concerns” of transgender, intersex and nonbinary prisoners. The department also said it introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A031dfb3b-7149-4fc0-97db-82b5323c027a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">screening form\u003c/a> in 2017 intended to prevent potential abusers and victims from residing in the same cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Jennifer Levi, director of advocacy group GLAD’s Transgender Rights Project']‘We are seeing a trend towards a greater understanding of the need to provide humane housing and treatment of transgender people who are incarcerated.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advocates backing a bill pending in the California State Legislature on safe housing for transgender prisoners said the killing was an example of how CDCR has failed transgender inmates. \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB132\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 132\u003c/a> would allow prisoners to live with those who match the gender they identify with — not the one they were assigned at birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Crespo] should never have been in the cell with the girl,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/fatima-shabazz-b5058a176/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fatima Shabazz\u003c/a>, a former inmate and transgender prisoner activist who is working on SB 132. “The whole point in the bill is to prevent things like this from happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shawn Meerkamper, an attorney at the \u003ca href=\"https://transgenderlawcenter.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Transgender Law Center\u003c/a>, agreed the pair should not have been housed together and said the U.S. Constitution requires prisons to protect inmates they know to be in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to get a lot clearer than having someone saying, ‘I am going to kill this person,’ and then doing it,” Meerkamper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A Greater Understanding’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Transgender inmates have long been identified as a vulnerable population. Neither California nor the federal government tracks prison homicides by gender identity, but the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/svpjri1112.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">most recent federal data\u003c/a>, from 2011-12, found 40% of transgender prisoners reported being the victim of a sexual assault within the previous 12 months — 10 times the percentage of non-transgender inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 132 is the latest in a growing number of efforts nationwide to drive those numbers down and make prison less overtly hostile for transgender people. Spurred by advocates, inmates, state lawmakers and some corrections officials, the initiatives include gender-affirming housing, medical care, clothing and other services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are seeing a trend towards a greater understanding of the need to provide humane housing and treatment of transgender people who are incarcerated,” said Jennifer Levi, director of the Transgender Rights Project for advocacy group GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders (\u003ca href=\"https://www.glad.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GLAD\u003c/a>). “There’s also a growing understanding within corrections systems of the need to respond to transgender people humanely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the situation portrayed by transgender prisoners and their advocates is complex, with the acknowledgment of progress tempered by violent incidents and allegations they say are indicative of how far the penitentiary system still has to go in providing a safe environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CDCR is like trying to push a boulder uphill,” said one inmate, Ava Fey. “There’s that inertia principle where once it’s stopped and it’s happy with how it is, it does not want to change or move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I Fought Constantly’: Pushing for Change From Inside Prison\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the California Medical Facility, a state prison in Vacaville, one of the new transgender-related accommodations is a workout club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Amy Miller, associate director of CDCR’s Female Offender Programs and Services, adult division']‘The sentence in coming to state prison, that’s the punishment. Right? You shouldn’t be required to identify a different way simply because you committed a crime and you’ve been given a sentence.’[/pullquote]Last summer, a group of transgender women, who were wearing sports bras, leggings, shorts and tank tops, shot hoops, walked laps, peddled on stationary bikes and paused to gossip in what looked like an ordinary high school gym. The women are among the state’s 1,200 inmates who identify as transgender, gender-nonconforming or intersex — a little less than 1% of the prison population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I fought constantly and constantly with staff to do something for the girls here at CMF,” inmate Jazzie Paradize Scott, serving time for second-degree robbery, said to a soundtrack of hip-hop and buzzing black fans. “I wanted them to have a safe place where they can wear their shorts, their bras and their tops and their little tennis shoes and come out and just be ladies and be able to work out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794376\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Makayla Fennell, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, plays basketball with two other transgender women, including Yekaterina Wesa Patience (right), on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Makayla Fennell, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, plays basketball with two other transgender women, including Yekaterina Wesa Patience (right), on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a circle of women stretching, Mark Peaches Cates, 58, said she’d never had the chance to exercise with just transgender women. Gym time with men had made her uncomfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You couldn’t be yourself,” said Cates, who is in prison for second-degree murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794378\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794378\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Dallas Rachael Goosen, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dallas Rachael Goosen, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, many transgender-related services have been implemented after an inmate sued the state prison system over its refusal to provide her with gender-affirmation surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Candice Destiny-Rene Love, who accuses CDCR of failing to protect gay and transgender inmates']‘I love who I am and I love being me, but after the rape and attack, I wondered, if I wasn’t trans, would I still be going through what I’m going through? I don’t think so.’[/pullquote]CDCR \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A02f599b4-42fc-40d2-8764-6bcf65de4ad5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">settled\u003c/a> with the prisoner, Shiloh Heavenly Quine, in 2015, agreeing to perform the surgery and becoming the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/transgender-inmate-says-women-s-prison-torture-n737676\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first prison system\u003c/a> in the nation to set \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A4dace6e8-5ad9-481f-912c-91f7ebd25398\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">guidelines\u003c/a> for other transgender inmates to seek approval for the operation. As of September, CDCR said at least four prisoners had undergone the surgery. About 175 have applied and 19 have been approved as of November, according to the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge in the Quine case also \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Ac3321e30-eed1-4ead-b908-67ebf68f59db\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ordered\u003c/a> California prisons to make available to transgender inmates such gender-affirming items as clothing, jewelry and makeup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The benefits of that order could be seen at a transgender support group at the prison in Vacaville, where women put makeup on one another and talked about having to previously resort to DIY tricks in order to fashion cosmetics — using pastels, wax pencils, Kool-Aid, cocoa and coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794368\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794368\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"James Star Henderson (left) puts makeup on Dallas Rachael Goosen during a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Star Henderson (left) puts makeup on Dallas Rachael Goosen during a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One hack, according to 59-year-old Cary Smith: Running a Q-tip over baby oil pooled on a Colgate toothpaste box. The result: pink eyeshadow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wearing makeup “makes me feel like I’m a step closer to being who I really am. … I feel like I can keep going,” said Smith, who is serving time for assault with a deadly weapon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794371\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794371\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Jarrett Angel Williams, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, on July 25, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jarrett Angel Williams, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, on July 25, 2019. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘You Were Here to Serve Others’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>CDCR said it doesn’t track violence in California prisons for any subset of inmates, including those who are transgender. A rare data point comes from a \u003ca href=\"https://ucicorrections.seweb.uci.edu/files/2013/06/BulletinVol2Issue2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2007 study\u003c/a> that included interviews with 39 transgender prisoners at a single state prison: 59% reported being sexually assaulted, 13 times the rate for non-transgender prisoners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a time when being a transgender in prison, it was pretty hopeless. It was dark. You were here to serve others,” Cary Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transgender prisoners at CMF had plenty of traumatic incidents to recount. Yekaterina Wesa Patience said she was playing dominoes and smoking a joint with her cellmate in Pelican Bay State Prison in the late 1990s when he suddenly got on top of her and raped her. That sent her into the closet for nearly 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Yekaterina West Patience, who said she was twice raped in prison in the 1990s']‘I immediately cut all my hair off, kept my head bald … I grew a mustache and a goatee, and tried to adopt the hardest walk I could on the yard. I was terrified of it happening again, and I was not going to be out for somebody else to do it.’[/pullquote]“I immediately cut all my hair off, kept my head bald … I grew a mustache and a goatee, and tried to adopt the hardest walk I could on the yard,” said Patience, imprisoned for first-degree murder and other crimes. “I was terrified of it happening again, and I was not going to be out for somebody else to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Patience said, she was raped again, about 18 months later at Mule Creek State Prison. (KQED could not verify most of the alleged attacks reported by Patience and the other prisoners in this story; CDCR said it investigates allegations, but federal law prevents it from sharing details about specific cases.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Bella Birrell, imprisoned for first-degree murder, also said she’d been sexually assaulted in prison. “They had a motto back in those days: It was either fight or fuck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794370\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794370\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"David Bella Birrell (left) and Jarrett Angel Williams, transgender women housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, on June 11, 2019, in the prison gym.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Bella Birrell (left) and Jarrett Angel Williams, transgender women housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, on June 11, 2019, in the prison gym. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘Life-Saving Legislation’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In recent years, a flurry of laws and \u003ca href=\"https://chicago.suntimes.com/2019/5/8/18618926/transgender-inmate-seeks-clemency-cites-retaliation-after-reporting-abuse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuits\u003c/a>, many from prisoners like Quine, have forced systemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbur.org/news/2019/01/26/transgender-inmate-transferred-womens-prison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">changes\u003c/a> in the way penal systems in some states treat transgender prisoners. In\u003ca href=\"https://chicago.suntimes.com/2019/5/8/18618926/transgender-inmate-seeks-clemency-cites-retaliation-after-reporting-abuse\"> Illinois, \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.acluofnorthcarolina.org/en/news/kanautica-zayre-brown-transferred-womens-facility\"> North Carolina\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2019/01/24/transgender-inmate-moved-women-prison/Nf2k5Oqa3Ojnh1yH1IwWkL/story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Massachusetts\u003c/a>, transgender inmates have won in court the right to transfer to women’s prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent months, transgender prisoners in Colorado \u003ca href=\"http://transgenderlawcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Class-Action-Trans-Women-Complaint.pdf\"> brought a class action against\u003c/a> state prison officials over a lack of safe housing; and three transgender inmates in Texas filed a lawsuit seeking to \u003ca href=\"https://dfw.cbslocal.com/2019/12/06/transgender-women-fight-texas-law-that-restricts-inmates-from-changing-name/\"> legally change their names.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, a law allowing prisoners to change their \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebar.com/news/news/275618\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gender and name\u003c/a> took effect in late 2018. SB 132, the California bill that would let transgender inmates choose, with some exceptions, whether to be imprisoned in a men’s or women’s facility, is similar to measures enacted in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/connecticut-transgender-prisoners-first-us-win-right-be-housed-according-947312\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Connecticut\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.mass.gov/info-details/mass-general-laws-c127-ss-32a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Massachusetts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Transgender inmates are some of the most marginalized members of society,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sd11.senate.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state Sen. Scott Wiener\u003c/a>, D-San Francisco, SB 132’s sponsor. “They need more support. The housing aspect is one piece of the puzzle. And it’s a really significant one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Passage of Wiener’s bill would be “lifesaving,” said \u003ca href=\"http://bambysalcedo.com\">Bamby Salcedo\u003c/a>, a Los Angeles-based transgender activist who spent 14 years in California jails and prisons. Salcedo said the measure would allow transgender inmates to do their time “away from harassment and violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill passed the state Senate last year, but did not get a floor vote in the Assembly. Wiener, who put the measure on hold until this year to discuss the issue with prisoners, believes it will pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Federal Standards Not Met\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Wiener’s bill would also bring California in line with federal standards laid out in the Prison Rape Elimination Act, or PREA. These regulations, \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2012/06/20/2012-12427/national-standards-to-prevent-detect-and-respond-to-prison-rape\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">which took effect in August 2012\u003c/a>, recognize transgender inmates as a vulnerable population and stipulate that transgender housing assignments must ensure prisoners’ health and safety. Audits for each facility must be conducted every three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/186/2019/06/cmf-2017-prea-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal audit\u003c/a> found that CDCR’s policy of housing transgender inmates based solely on their biological sex ran afoul of PREA guidelines and that the department didn’t take into account the prisoners’ own views about their safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, CDCR said, it implemented a \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A031dfb3b-7149-4fc0-97db-82b5323c027a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">screening tool\u003c/a> used to assess risk of victimization. The agency also said its current housing policy requires every inmate receive a case-by-case review of where they are imprisoned, with no restriction on living in a men’s or women’s facility based solely on anatomy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We recognize that when we’re dealing with our transgender men and women, that our staff need much more guidance when they’re looking at what appropriate housing looks like,” said Amy Miller, associate director of CDCR’s Female Offender Programs and Services, adult division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794375\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794375\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"James Star Henderson (right) and Mark Peaches Cate, two transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, take their pulse after exercising in the prison gym on June 11, 2019. Pictured left is their coach, Jeremiah Holland.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Star Henderson (right) and Mark Peaches Cate, two transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, take their pulse after exercising in the prison gym on June 11, 2019. Pictured left is their coach, Jeremiah Holland. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, CDCR couldn’t point to any transgender prisoners, besides the few who had undergone gender-affirmation surgery, who had been allowed to switch facilities. The department said it doesn’t track that information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harper Jean Tobin, policy director at the \u003ca href=\"https://transequality.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Center for Transgender Equality\u003c/a>, said while some states have improved their rules on transgender housing, frequently the policies “only exist on paper.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, contrary to the federal PREA rules, most transgender prisoners continue to be housed automatically with the sex they were assigned at birth, which is often dangerous for them,” Tobin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘You Never Feel Safe’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At CMF, transgender women had mixed reactions to the idea of changing living facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Birrell, 67, called Wiener’s housing bill “insanity” and worried about potential conflicts with the existing female prisoner population. She already likes the community resulting from CDCR’s present system of transgender hubs — 14 prisons that offer special medical and mental health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But inmate Ava Fey said she would likely “run” to a women’s prison for reasons of safety. Living with women would also offer something that’s eluded her for decades: women whom she could emulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been hiding so long — the mannerisms — I’ve kind of tucked them in and locked it away,” said Fey, who was convicted of first-degree murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794380\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794380\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yekaterina Wesa Patience, 44, said she’d “love” to transfer to a women’s prison as well: “I think that would eliminate a lot of the problems of being sexually assaulted or being raped, pressured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You just never feel safe here,” she said. “You never feel like you can let your guard down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other women, many who live on their own in single cells, said they were fine staying at CMF. Jazzie Paradize Scott, 47, who said she lives in a dorm with 150 men and a few other transgender women, sees the benefits of moving to a women’s prison, but views her current housing choice as a form of activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want them to be able to see me for who I [am],” she said. “I thought it would be a good idea for me to come out and mingle — not just for the trans women and to show that we can conquer even in the dorm living situation — but just to be able to exist with the males in CMF.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794377\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794377\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Jazzie Paradize Scott, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jazzie Paradize Scott, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Transgender men at the Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla had a different take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='State Sen. Scott Wiener on SB 132, housing legislation he has proposed for transgender prisoners']‘Transgender inmates are some of the most marginalized members of society. They need more support. The housing aspect is one piece of the puzzle. And it’s a really significant one.’[/pullquote]“I already fight for my life in this prison. How do you think I’m going to fare in a male institution even before surgery?” said 52-year-old Diamond Vargas, serving time for assault with a semiautomatic firearm. “There’s not a hormone shot in the world [we could take so that] we’re going to make it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shiloh Heavenly Quine, 60, whose lawsuit spurred many of the changes around incarcerating transgender inmates in the state, is one of a few prisoners to have lived in both men’s and women’s prisons. Despite experiencing some bullying that she said landed her in administrative segregation, she feels much safer in the women’s facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People get sliced every now and then. … People get hit with locks every now and then, you have that, but all in all it’s pretty mellow here,” said Quine, who is incarcerated at CCWF for first-degree murder. “This is easy time. I call it Prisneyland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State Prisons Adapt\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California prison officials say they’re trying to stay part of the national conversation on transgender issues. Besides creating support groups, \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A0a3108af-70bc-4032-9efc-54290f73af5d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">changes in recent years\u003c/a> include directives to prison staff to use preferred pronouns and the hosting of events like a post-release transgender resource fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Quine settlement, CDCR polled transgender inmates about preferred cosmetic and hygenic items and then mandated that prison canteens carry them. \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Af24b92e1-6def-406b-9978-c651981f9dc5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Options for clothing\u003c/a> have expanded: Available items now include scoop-necked shirts for transgender women and chest-flattening binders for transgender men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sentence in coming to state prison, that’s the punishment. Right?” said CDCR’s Miller. “You shouldn’t be required to identify a different way simply because you committed a crime and you’ve been given a sentence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794369\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794369\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"James Star Henderson (left) and Cary Smith, share a laugh during a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Star Henderson (left) and Cary Smith, share a laugh during a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, a number of the transgender prisoners at CMF said conditions for them have improved. Birrell said the situation took a positive turn in the mid-2000s: “It’s been a long process. But things are a lot better today than they have been.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates said they expect that lawsuits and laws will continue to force changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That will have to continue because of just so much pervasive lack of information across correction systems,” said Levi of GLAD. “But I’m also hopeful that won’t be the exclusive way in which we see things move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794372\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794372\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Yekaterina Wesa Patience, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yekaterina Wesa Patience, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘If I Wasn’t Trans …’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite these changes, transgender prisoners have continued to allege mistreatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody hit me in the side and then just choked me out, just choked me out,” Fey said of an attack earlier this year in the kitchen at CMF, which she attributed to her gender identity. Fey provided KQED with documentation of the attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A2a0aab67-79b7-4295-b7cc-d4f2478ac864\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">transgender woman\u003c/a> and a gender-fluid person have filed \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Ac96c3d9c-a558-4e9f-b3d2-750bf5aaf3ba\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal lawsuits\u003c/a> alleging they were physically assaulted and verbally harassed by officers in 2017 at CCWF because of their gender identity (CDCR declined to comment on pending litigation). And a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/186/2019/06/svsp-2018-prea-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal prison audit\u003c/a> in 2018 noted reports from transgender inmates in Salinas Valley State Prison that they had been sexually abused and “targeted” because of their gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also at Salinas Valley State Prison, a transgender woman was found dead in her cell in April 2017, with a pencil shoved through her ear and down her neck. The Monterey County coroner’s office said the cause of death is \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A11627193-07a9-4d73-9f40-ed93c62aba08\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undetermined\u003c/a>; the county’s district attorney, Jeannine Pacioni, said it had rejected the case due to lack of evidence indicating a murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11794850,news_11795125]At CMF, a transgender woman, Candice Destiny-Rene Love, \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Abe0f3c18-4fef-4c13-9008-f64e502a503f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">alleged in a federal lawsuit\u003c/a> that she was slashed in the head and face with a box cutter by a former boyfriend in 2016, and raped at the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison in Corcoran a year earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Love, 34, accuses CDCR of failing to protect gay and transgender inmates and of not giving her adequate medical care after the 2016 attack led to the development of keloids, bulbous folds of scar tissue she said have caused painful nerve damage and hearing loss. CDCR declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love who I am and I love being me, but after the rape and attack, I wondered, if I wasn’t trans, would I still be going through what I’m going through? I don’t think so,” wrote Love, who is serving time for vehicle theft, in a letter to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The Complete Me’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the prison system attempts to adapt to the transgender rights movement in society at large, a number of transgender prisoners can finally transition, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After nearly two decades closeted in prison, Patience came out as transgender in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite hearing that some transgender women had difficulties going into a women’s prison, she said: “It still wouldn’t detract or turn me away from trying to be the complete me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fey feels the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody has got to be the forerunner for this stuff. If somebody goes in and acts right … it opens the door for the next girl behind you. And after a while, if you’re acceptable, you’ll be accepted,” Fey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Resources' link1='https://www.blackandpink.org/penpal-newsletter, Black and Pink' link2='https://transequality.org/about-transgender, National Center for Transgender Equality' link3='http://www.tgijp.org/, TGI Justice Project' link4='https://www.wcl.american.edu/impact/initiatives-programs/center/programs/access-to-justice/project-for-transgender-incarcerated-survivors/, Project for Transgender Incarcerated Survivors' link5='https://transgenderlawcenter.org/volunteer, Transgender Law Center']For Carmen Guerrero’s family, there isn’t much solace. At her killer’s trial, her mom, Mary Talamantez Flores, testified that the youngest of her six kids liked to bake, and that she was beloved by an older sister, who watched out for her at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in prison, Guerrero, serving time for second-degree murder, often wrote home and seemed OK, Flores said. She learned via telegram that Guerrero had been killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My baby was gone,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guerrero’s boyfriend, Jonathan Wilson, also an inmate, said he has struggled with grief and depression after her death. At the trial, he confirmed her handwriting on the form where she said she feared being raped by her killer. What she wrote told him she was pleading for her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson wrote KQED in August: “Carmen died being who she wanted to be as a woman and it cost her her life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>KQED News’ Monica Lam contributed to this report.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Questions? Comments for the reporter? Contact her: mleitsinger@kqed.org\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Transgender inmates suffer high rates of violence in prison. A flurry of lawsuits and laws, including a new state housing bill, aims to drive down that violence — but will it work?",
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"title": "Transgender Prisoners Say They 'Never Feel Safe.' Could a Proposed Law Help? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Reader advisory: \u003ci>Some accounts of violence in this story contain explicit details and strong language that some may find upsetting.\u003c/i>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen Guerrero spent less than nine hours with her new cellmate before he murdered her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Carmen died being who she wanted to be as a woman and it cost her her life.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miguel Crespo had told corrections officers at Kern Valley State Prison that he would kill Guerrero, a transgender woman who wore her hair long and tweezed her eyebrows, if he was forced to share a cell with her, according to an inmate who witnessed the incident and testified at Crespo’s murder trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Crespo moved in, Guerrero, 48, began filling out a form that prosecutors believe she intended to use as part of a transfer request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He stated he is not compatible with me. I’m worried to be raped again,” Guerrero wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794398\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 480px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11794398\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_GuerreroK06560-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A prison photo of Carmen Guerrero, a transgender woman killed by her cellmate at Kern Valley State Prison in late 2013. Her cellmate, Miguel Crespo, was sentenced to death in her murder in December 2019. Her family said in court that they didn't have any photos of Carmen because they were lost in a house fire.\" width=\"480\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_GuerreroK06560-qut.jpg 480w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_GuerreroK06560-qut-160x200.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A prison photo of Carmen Guerrero, a transgender woman killed by her cellmate at Kern Valley State Prison in late 2013. Her cellmate, Miguel Crespo, was sentenced to death in her murder in December 2019. Her family said in court that they didn’t have any photos of Carmen because they were lost in a house fire. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Prison guards told Crespo the move would be temporary, the other inmate testified. Later that night, after Crespo strangled Guerrero, he called the guards over and said, “You didn’t believe me. I told you I was gonna kill [Guerrero],” according to the inmate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crespo, who told the trial judge he had previously attacked a gay prisoner, argued in court he shouldn’t have been housed with Guerrero. In December, the judge sentenced Crespo to death for the 2013 murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation\u003c/a> would not comment specifically on the Guerrero case, but said it is “committed to addressing the safety concerns” of transgender, intersex and nonbinary prisoners. The department also said it introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A031dfb3b-7149-4fc0-97db-82b5323c027a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">screening form\u003c/a> in 2017 intended to prevent potential abusers and victims from residing in the same cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We are seeing a trend towards a greater understanding of the need to provide humane housing and treatment of transgender people who are incarcerated.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advocates backing a bill pending in the California State Legislature on safe housing for transgender prisoners said the killing was an example of how CDCR has failed transgender inmates. \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB132\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 132\u003c/a> would allow prisoners to live with those who match the gender they identify with — not the one they were assigned at birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Crespo] should never have been in the cell with the girl,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/fatima-shabazz-b5058a176/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fatima Shabazz\u003c/a>, a former inmate and transgender prisoner activist who is working on SB 132. “The whole point in the bill is to prevent things like this from happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shawn Meerkamper, an attorney at the \u003ca href=\"https://transgenderlawcenter.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Transgender Law Center\u003c/a>, agreed the pair should not have been housed together and said the U.S. Constitution requires prisons to protect inmates they know to be in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to get a lot clearer than having someone saying, ‘I am going to kill this person,’ and then doing it,” Meerkamper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A Greater Understanding’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Transgender inmates have long been identified as a vulnerable population. Neither California nor the federal government tracks prison homicides by gender identity, but the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/svpjri1112.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">most recent federal data\u003c/a>, from 2011-12, found 40% of transgender prisoners reported being the victim of a sexual assault within the previous 12 months — 10 times the percentage of non-transgender inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 132 is the latest in a growing number of efforts nationwide to drive those numbers down and make prison less overtly hostile for transgender people. Spurred by advocates, inmates, state lawmakers and some corrections officials, the initiatives include gender-affirming housing, medical care, clothing and other services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are seeing a trend towards a greater understanding of the need to provide humane housing and treatment of transgender people who are incarcerated,” said Jennifer Levi, director of the Transgender Rights Project for advocacy group GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders (\u003ca href=\"https://www.glad.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GLAD\u003c/a>). “There’s also a growing understanding within corrections systems of the need to respond to transgender people humanely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the situation portrayed by transgender prisoners and their advocates is complex, with the acknowledgment of progress tempered by violent incidents and allegations they say are indicative of how far the penitentiary system still has to go in providing a safe environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CDCR is like trying to push a boulder uphill,” said one inmate, Ava Fey. “There’s that inertia principle where once it’s stopped and it’s happy with how it is, it does not want to change or move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I Fought Constantly’: Pushing for Change From Inside Prison\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the California Medical Facility, a state prison in Vacaville, one of the new transgender-related accommodations is a workout club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘The sentence in coming to state prison, that’s the punishment. Right? You shouldn’t be required to identify a different way simply because you committed a crime and you’ve been given a sentence.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Last summer, a group of transgender women, who were wearing sports bras, leggings, shorts and tank tops, shot hoops, walked laps, peddled on stationary bikes and paused to gossip in what looked like an ordinary high school gym. The women are among the state’s 1,200 inmates who identify as transgender, gender-nonconforming or intersex — a little less than 1% of the prison population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I fought constantly and constantly with staff to do something for the girls here at CMF,” inmate Jazzie Paradize Scott, serving time for second-degree robbery, said to a soundtrack of hip-hop and buzzing black fans. “I wanted them to have a safe place where they can wear their shorts, their bras and their tops and their little tennis shoes and come out and just be ladies and be able to work out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794376\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Makayla Fennell, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, plays basketball with two other transgender women, including Yekaterina Wesa Patience (right), on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Mikayla-bball3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Makayla Fennell, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, plays basketball with two other transgender women, including Yekaterina Wesa Patience (right), on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a circle of women stretching, Mark Peaches Cates, 58, said she’d never had the chance to exercise with just transgender women. Gym time with men had made her uncomfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You couldn’t be yourself,” said Cates, who is in prison for second-degree murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794378\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794378\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Dallas Rachael Goosen, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-6-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dallas Rachael Goosen, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, many transgender-related services have been implemented after an inmate sued the state prison system over its refusal to provide her with gender-affirmation surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I love who I am and I love being me, but after the rape and attack, I wondered, if I wasn’t trans, would I still be going through what I’m going through? I don’t think so.’",
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"citation": "Candice Destiny-Rene Love, who accuses CDCR of failing to protect gay and transgender inmates",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>CDCR \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A02f599b4-42fc-40d2-8764-6bcf65de4ad5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">settled\u003c/a> with the prisoner, Shiloh Heavenly Quine, in 2015, agreeing to perform the surgery and becoming the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/transgender-inmate-says-women-s-prison-torture-n737676\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first prison system\u003c/a> in the nation to set \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A4dace6e8-5ad9-481f-912c-91f7ebd25398\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">guidelines\u003c/a> for other transgender inmates to seek approval for the operation. As of September, CDCR said at least four prisoners had undergone the surgery. About 175 have applied and 19 have been approved as of November, according to the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge in the Quine case also \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Ac3321e30-eed1-4ead-b908-67ebf68f59db\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ordered\u003c/a> California prisons to make available to transgender inmates such gender-affirming items as clothing, jewelry and makeup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The benefits of that order could be seen at a transgender support group at the prison in Vacaville, where women put makeup on one another and talked about having to previously resort to DIY tricks in order to fashion cosmetics — using pastels, wax pencils, Kool-Aid, cocoa and coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794368\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794368\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"James Star Henderson (left) puts makeup on Dallas Rachael Goosen during a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Rachel-makeup-Star-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Star Henderson (left) puts makeup on Dallas Rachael Goosen during a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One hack, according to 59-year-old Cary Smith: Running a Q-tip over baby oil pooled on a Colgate toothpaste box. The result: pink eyeshadow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wearing makeup “makes me feel like I’m a step closer to being who I really am. … I feel like I can keep going,” said Smith, who is serving time for assault with a deadly weapon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794371\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794371\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Jarrett Angel Williams, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, on July 25, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-lipstick-1-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jarrett Angel Williams, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, on July 25, 2019. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘You Were Here to Serve Others’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>CDCR said it doesn’t track violence in California prisons for any subset of inmates, including those who are transgender. A rare data point comes from a \u003ca href=\"https://ucicorrections.seweb.uci.edu/files/2013/06/BulletinVol2Issue2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2007 study\u003c/a> that included interviews with 39 transgender prisoners at a single state prison: 59% reported being sexually assaulted, 13 times the rate for non-transgender prisoners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a time when being a transgender in prison, it was pretty hopeless. It was dark. You were here to serve others,” Cary Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transgender prisoners at CMF had plenty of traumatic incidents to recount. Yekaterina Wesa Patience said she was playing dominoes and smoking a joint with her cellmate in Pelican Bay State Prison in the late 1990s when he suddenly got on top of her and raped her. That sent her into the closet for nearly 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I immediately cut all my hair off, kept my head bald … I grew a mustache and a goatee, and tried to adopt the hardest walk I could on the yard. I was terrified of it happening again, and I was not going to be out for somebody else to do it.’",
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"citation": "Yekaterina West Patience, who said she was twice raped in prison in the 1990s",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I immediately cut all my hair off, kept my head bald … I grew a mustache and a goatee, and tried to adopt the hardest walk I could on the yard,” said Patience, imprisoned for first-degree murder and other crimes. “I was terrified of it happening again, and I was not going to be out for somebody else to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Patience said, she was raped again, about 18 months later at Mule Creek State Prison. (KQED could not verify most of the alleged attacks reported by Patience and the other prisoners in this story; CDCR said it investigates allegations, but federal law prevents it from sharing details about specific cases.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Bella Birrell, imprisoned for first-degree murder, also said she’d been sexually assaulted in prison. “They had a motto back in those days: It was either fight or fuck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794370\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794370\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"David Bella Birrell (left) and Jarrett Angel Williams, transgender women housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, on June 11, 2019, in the prison gym.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Angel-Bella-1-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Bella Birrell (left) and Jarrett Angel Williams, transgender women housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, on June 11, 2019, in the prison gym. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘Life-Saving Legislation’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In recent years, a flurry of laws and \u003ca href=\"https://chicago.suntimes.com/2019/5/8/18618926/transgender-inmate-seeks-clemency-cites-retaliation-after-reporting-abuse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuits\u003c/a>, many from prisoners like Quine, have forced systemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbur.org/news/2019/01/26/transgender-inmate-transferred-womens-prison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">changes\u003c/a> in the way penal systems in some states treat transgender prisoners. In\u003ca href=\"https://chicago.suntimes.com/2019/5/8/18618926/transgender-inmate-seeks-clemency-cites-retaliation-after-reporting-abuse\"> Illinois, \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.acluofnorthcarolina.org/en/news/kanautica-zayre-brown-transferred-womens-facility\"> North Carolina\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2019/01/24/transgender-inmate-moved-women-prison/Nf2k5Oqa3Ojnh1yH1IwWkL/story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Massachusetts\u003c/a>, transgender inmates have won in court the right to transfer to women’s prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent months, transgender prisoners in Colorado \u003ca href=\"http://transgenderlawcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Class-Action-Trans-Women-Complaint.pdf\"> brought a class action against\u003c/a> state prison officials over a lack of safe housing; and three transgender inmates in Texas filed a lawsuit seeking to \u003ca href=\"https://dfw.cbslocal.com/2019/12/06/transgender-women-fight-texas-law-that-restricts-inmates-from-changing-name/\"> legally change their names.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, a law allowing prisoners to change their \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebar.com/news/news/275618\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gender and name\u003c/a> took effect in late 2018. SB 132, the California bill that would let transgender inmates choose, with some exceptions, whether to be imprisoned in a men’s or women’s facility, is similar to measures enacted in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/connecticut-transgender-prisoners-first-us-win-right-be-housed-according-947312\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Connecticut\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.mass.gov/info-details/mass-general-laws-c127-ss-32a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Massachusetts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Transgender inmates are some of the most marginalized members of society,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sd11.senate.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state Sen. Scott Wiener\u003c/a>, D-San Francisco, SB 132’s sponsor. “They need more support. The housing aspect is one piece of the puzzle. And it’s a really significant one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Passage of Wiener’s bill would be “lifesaving,” said \u003ca href=\"http://bambysalcedo.com\">Bamby Salcedo\u003c/a>, a Los Angeles-based transgender activist who spent 14 years in California jails and prisons. Salcedo said the measure would allow transgender inmates to do their time “away from harassment and violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill passed the state Senate last year, but did not get a floor vote in the Assembly. Wiener, who put the measure on hold until this year to discuss the issue with prisoners, believes it will pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Federal Standards Not Met\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Wiener’s bill would also bring California in line with federal standards laid out in the Prison Rape Elimination Act, or PREA. These regulations, \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2012/06/20/2012-12427/national-standards-to-prevent-detect-and-respond-to-prison-rape\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">which took effect in August 2012\u003c/a>, recognize transgender inmates as a vulnerable population and stipulate that transgender housing assignments must ensure prisoners’ health and safety. Audits for each facility must be conducted every three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/186/2019/06/cmf-2017-prea-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal audit\u003c/a> found that CDCR’s policy of housing transgender inmates based solely on their biological sex ran afoul of PREA guidelines and that the department didn’t take into account the prisoners’ own views about their safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, CDCR said, it implemented a \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A031dfb3b-7149-4fc0-97db-82b5323c027a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">screening tool\u003c/a> used to assess risk of victimization. The agency also said its current housing policy requires every inmate receive a case-by-case review of where they are imprisoned, with no restriction on living in a men’s or women’s facility based solely on anatomy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We recognize that when we’re dealing with our transgender men and women, that our staff need much more guidance when they’re looking at what appropriate housing looks like,” said Amy Miller, associate director of CDCR’s Female Offender Programs and Services, adult division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794375\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794375\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"James Star Henderson (right) and Mark Peaches Cate, two transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, take their pulse after exercising in the prison gym on June 11, 2019. Pictured left is their coach, Jeremiah Holland.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Coach-Star-Peaches-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Star Henderson (right) and Mark Peaches Cate, two transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville, take their pulse after exercising in the prison gym on June 11, 2019. Pictured left is their coach, Jeremiah Holland. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, CDCR couldn’t point to any transgender prisoners, besides the few who had undergone gender-affirmation surgery, who had been allowed to switch facilities. The department said it doesn’t track that information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harper Jean Tobin, policy director at the \u003ca href=\"https://transequality.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Center for Transgender Equality\u003c/a>, said while some states have improved their rules on transgender housing, frequently the policies “only exist on paper.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, contrary to the federal PREA rules, most transgender prisoners continue to be housed automatically with the sex they were assigned at birth, which is often dangerous for them,” Tobin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘You Never Feel Safe’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At CMF, transgender women had mixed reactions to the idea of changing living facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Birrell, 67, called Wiener’s housing bill “insanity” and worried about potential conflicts with the existing female prisoner population. She already likes the community resulting from CDCR’s present system of transgender hubs — 14 prisons that offer special medical and mental health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But inmate Ava Fey said she would likely “run” to a women’s prison for reasons of safety. Living with women would also offer something that’s eluded her for decades: women whom she could emulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been hiding so long — the mannerisms — I’ve kind of tucked them in and locked it away,” said Fey, who was convicted of first-degree murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794380\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794380\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Ava-table-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ava Fey, a transgender woman who started taking hormone replacement therapy in January, at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yekaterina Wesa Patience, 44, said she’d “love” to transfer to a women’s prison as well: “I think that would eliminate a lot of the problems of being sexually assaulted or being raped, pressured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You just never feel safe here,” she said. “You never feel like you can let your guard down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other women, many who live on their own in single cells, said they were fine staying at CMF. Jazzie Paradize Scott, 47, who said she lives in a dorm with 150 men and a few other transgender women, sees the benefits of moving to a women’s prison, but views her current housing choice as a form of activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want them to be able to see me for who I [am],” she said. “I thought it would be a good idea for me to come out and mingle — not just for the trans women and to show that we can conquer even in the dorm living situation — but just to be able to exist with the males in CMF.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794377\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794377\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Jazzie Paradize Scott, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_stretch-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jazzie Paradize Scott, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on June 11, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Transgender men at the Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla had a different take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Transgender inmates are some of the most marginalized members of society. They need more support. The housing aspect is one piece of the puzzle. And it’s a really significant one.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I already fight for my life in this prison. How do you think I’m going to fare in a male institution even before surgery?” said 52-year-old Diamond Vargas, serving time for assault with a semiautomatic firearm. “There’s not a hormone shot in the world [we could take so that] we’re going to make it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shiloh Heavenly Quine, 60, whose lawsuit spurred many of the changes around incarcerating transgender inmates in the state, is one of a few prisoners to have lived in both men’s and women’s prisons. Despite experiencing some bullying that she said landed her in administrative segregation, she feels much safer in the women’s facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People get sliced every now and then. … People get hit with locks every now and then, you have that, but all in all it’s pretty mellow here,” said Quine, who is incarcerated at CCWF for first-degree murder. “This is easy time. I call it Prisneyland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State Prisons Adapt\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California prison officials say they’re trying to stay part of the national conversation on transgender issues. Besides creating support groups, \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A0a3108af-70bc-4032-9efc-54290f73af5d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">changes in recent years\u003c/a> include directives to prison staff to use preferred pronouns and the hosting of events like a post-release transgender resource fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Quine settlement, CDCR polled transgender inmates about preferred cosmetic and hygenic items and then mandated that prison canteens carry them. \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Af24b92e1-6def-406b-9978-c651981f9dc5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Options for clothing\u003c/a> have expanded: Available items now include scoop-necked shirts for transgender women and chest-flattening binders for transgender men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sentence in coming to state prison, that’s the punishment. Right?” said CDCR’s Miller. “You shouldn’t be required to identify a different way simply because you committed a crime and you’ve been given a sentence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794369\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794369\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"James Star Henderson (left) and Cary Smith, share a laugh during a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_CJ-Star-laughing-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Star Henderson (left) and Cary Smith, share a laugh during a transgender support group meeting at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, a number of the transgender prisoners at CMF said conditions for them have improved. Birrell said the situation took a positive turn in the mid-2000s: “It’s been a long process. But things are a lot better today than they have been.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates said they expect that lawsuits and laws will continue to force changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That will have to continue because of just so much pervasive lack of information across correction systems,” said Levi of GLAD. “But I’m also hopeful that won’t be the exclusive way in which we see things move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11794372\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11794372\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Yekaterina Wesa Patience, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/PHOTO_Kat-ID-1-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yekaterina Wesa Patience, a transgender woman housed at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville on July 25, 2019. \u003ccite>(Monica Lam/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘If I Wasn’t Trans …’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite these changes, transgender prisoners have continued to allege mistreatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody hit me in the side and then just choked me out, just choked me out,” Fey said of an attack earlier this year in the kitchen at CMF, which she attributed to her gender identity. Fey provided KQED with documentation of the attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A2a0aab67-79b7-4295-b7cc-d4f2478ac864\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">transgender woman\u003c/a> and a gender-fluid person have filed \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Ac96c3d9c-a558-4e9f-b3d2-750bf5aaf3ba\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal lawsuits\u003c/a> alleging they were physically assaulted and verbally harassed by officers in 2017 at CCWF because of their gender identity (CDCR declined to comment on pending litigation). And a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/186/2019/06/svsp-2018-prea-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal prison audit\u003c/a> in 2018 noted reports from transgender inmates in Salinas Valley State Prison that they had been sexually abused and “targeted” because of their gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also at Salinas Valley State Prison, a transgender woman was found dead in her cell in April 2017, with a pencil shoved through her ear and down her neck. The Monterey County coroner’s office said the cause of death is \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3A11627193-07a9-4d73-9f40-ed93c62aba08\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undetermined\u003c/a>; the county’s district attorney, Jeannine Pacioni, said it had rejected the case due to lack of evidence indicating a murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At CMF, a transgender woman, Candice Destiny-Rene Love, \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Abe0f3c18-4fef-4c13-9008-f64e502a503f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">alleged in a federal lawsuit\u003c/a> that she was slashed in the head and face with a box cutter by a former boyfriend in 2016, and raped at the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison in Corcoran a year earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Love, 34, accuses CDCR of failing to protect gay and transgender inmates and of not giving her adequate medical care after the 2016 attack led to the development of keloids, bulbous folds of scar tissue she said have caused painful nerve damage and hearing loss. CDCR declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love who I am and I love being me, but after the rape and attack, I wondered, if I wasn’t trans, would I still be going through what I’m going through? I don’t think so,” wrote Love, who is serving time for vehicle theft, in a letter to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The Complete Me’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the prison system attempts to adapt to the transgender rights movement in society at large, a number of transgender prisoners can finally transition, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After nearly two decades closeted in prison, Patience came out as transgender in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite hearing that some transgender women had difficulties going into a women’s prison, she said: “It still wouldn’t detract or turn me away from trying to be the complete me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fey feels the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody has got to be the forerunner for this stuff. If somebody goes in and acts right … it opens the door for the next girl behind you. And after a while, if you’re acceptable, you’ll be accepted,” Fey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"link1": "https://www.blackandpink.org/penpal-newsletter, Black and Pink",
"link2": "https://transequality.org/about-transgender, National Center for Transgender Equality",
"link3": "http://www.tgijp.org/, TGI Justice Project",
"link4": "https://www.wcl.american.edu/impact/initiatives-programs/center/programs/access-to-justice/project-for-transgender-incarcerated-survivors/, Project for Transgender Incarcerated Survivors",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For Carmen Guerrero’s family, there isn’t much solace. At her killer’s trial, her mom, Mary Talamantez Flores, testified that the youngest of her six kids liked to bake, and that she was beloved by an older sister, who watched out for her at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in prison, Guerrero, serving time for second-degree murder, often wrote home and seemed OK, Flores said. She learned via telegram that Guerrero had been killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My baby was gone,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guerrero’s boyfriend, Jonathan Wilson, also an inmate, said he has struggled with grief and depression after her death. At the trial, he confirmed her handwriting on the form where she said she feared being raped by her killer. What she wrote told him she was pleading for her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson wrote KQED in August: “Carmen died being who she wanted to be as a woman and it cost her her life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>KQED News’ Monica Lam contributed to this report.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Questions? Comments for the reporter? Contact her: mleitsinger@kqed.org\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "metoo-behind-bars-new-records-shed-light-on-sexual-abuse-inside-state-womens-prisons",
"title": "#MeToo Behind Bars: Records Shed Light on Sexual Abuse Inside State Women’s Prisons",
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"headTitle": "#MeToo Behind Bars: Records Shed Light on Sexual Abuse Inside State Women’s Prisons | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A state prison inmate incarcerated at the Central California Women’s Facility was awaiting her group therapy session on Aug. 23, 2017. She stepped backward in her cell toward the door, where Correctional Officer Israel Trevino waited with waist restraints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he attached the chains, he reached down with both of his hands “to grope and fondle her buttocks,” according to an internal investigation that led to Trevino’s firing.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Amika Mota, Formerly Incarcerated Advocate\"]‘What does it mean to feel constantly harassed, where they think it’s consensual and we think it’s not but we can’t ever say it?’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hey, what the fuck are you doing?” the inmate, whose name was redacted in reports, is quoted as saying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have a big butt,” Trevino replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wasn’t the only time Trevino sexually abused an inmate in his custody, according to the investigation’s findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former correctional officer — who was responsible for escorting inmates from their cells to their appointments and to the shower — tried to pull up a woman’s shirt and put his hand down her pants on an unspecified date in 2017, investigators for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That inmate said Trevino squeezed her buttocks over her clothing while escorting her and tried to get her to expose her breasts and vagina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Come on, show me something,” he pressured her, according to the records.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nTrevino was investigated after an inmate complained about the groping to her prison social worker, who reported the allegation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials fired Trevino in 2018 for sexual misconduct. He had worked at the women’s prison for over a decade and had been formally warned for making sexually harassing comments to inmates, according to records from the Office of the Inspector General for California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach Trevino for comment were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison system spokeswoman Dana Simas responded in a written statement that officials moved to protect incarcerated women when the 2017 allegations surfaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trevino was barred from entering the secured perimeter of the prison to prevent further inmate contact during the pendency of the investigation,” Simas wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department fired at least six male correctional officers for sexually abusing women in their custody between 2014 and 2018, according to internal records released to KQED under a new state transparency law and court filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some groped the inmates, while others engaged in oral sex or intercourse. The disciplinary records, which are still incomplete, provide a first-ever glimpse into how the prison system deals with sexual exploitation by its officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The names of the women involved are redacted in the records, and two named witnesses did not respond to requests for interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the number of dismissals for sexual misconduct is extremely rare among the roughly 26,000 correctional officers who work at California prisons, inmate advocates say sexual abuse by staff is more rampant than the records show because few officers get reported or investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786504\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786504\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-800x788.jpg\" alt=\"Amika Mota on picture day in 2011 at the Central California Women’s Facility.\" width=\"800\" height=\"788\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-800x788.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-160x158.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-1020x1004.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-1200x1181.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy.jpg 1549w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amika Mota on picture day in 2011 at the Central California Women’s Facility. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Amika Mota)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amika Mota is trying to change that. She spent most of a nine-year prison sentence for vehicular manslaughter at the Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla, north of Fresno in the Central Valley. She said she and other incarcerated women put up with sexual advances because they depended on correctional officers for access to clean laundry, phone calls, tampons, time out of their cell and other basic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a bone in my body that ever felt attracted to any of these officers or felt like any of the words we spoke were true,” Mota said. “It was just this survival technique to play along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers can also write up inmates, which can result in extending a prison sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One officer in her housing unit, who Mota declined to name, demanded that she write sexually explicit letters to him. She also described an officer who expected to see women without their clothes on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would be really appreciative if during count we were in our bras,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mota said she never reported any harassment, fearing retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She joined the Bay Area-based Young Women’s Freedom Center after she was released in 2015. She’s now part of a new movement called Me Too Behind Bars, working to expose sexual abuse of people in prison and jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What does it mean to feel constantly harassed, where they think it’s consensual and we think it’s not but we can’t ever say it?” Mota said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s inmate population includes nearly 5,000 women, about 4% of the 124,000 prisoners in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State prison officials say they have been trying to improve conditions for female inmates in recent years, including enforcing a zero tolerance policy for sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All sexual violence, staff sexual misconduct, and sexual harassment is strictly prohibited,” prisons spokeswoman Simas wrote in an Oct. 11 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state prison system also investigates and tracks all allegations of sexual assault and harassment by staff, including correctional officers, to comply with the federal Prison Rape Elimination Act. In 2018, 337 staff-on-inmate incidents were reported in California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigations substantiated just three of those allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786575\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11786575 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Kelly Heigert/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Independent probes into the culture in women’s lockups have found that these formally reported allegations likely capture only a fraction of the abuse and harassment of incarcerated women by prison staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Prison Law Office, which monitors conditions for inmates as part of a settlement in a decades-old federal class action lawsuit, has interviewed hundreds of women at the Central Valley prison and documented their complaints for the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm \u003ca href=\"https://prisonlaw.com///wp-content/uploads/2016/08/16.08.18-Prison-Law-Office-report-on-CCWF.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported in 2016\u003c/a> that out of a random sample of 80 women, nearly all had experienced sexual abuse or harassment while incarcerated. A second round of interviews turned up similar complaints, often at the hands of the same officers. The firm faulted a culture of bigotry and sexism at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a constant stream of verbal sexual harassment or misogynist statements,” attorney Corene Kendrick said, “kind of cat-calling at its highest level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of women complained the prison officers constantly addressed them as “bitches” or “hos,” Kendrick said. “When they’d make the announcements on the PA system, you know, it’d be ‘Hey bitches, time to go to lunch.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786524\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786524\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"Amika Mota poses for a portrait at her home in the San Francisco Bay Area on Sept. 26, holding a framed collage of her 'prison family.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1832x1374.jpeg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1376x1032.jpeg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1044x783.jpeg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-536x402.jpeg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amika Mota poses for a portrait at her home in the San Francisco Bay Area on Sept. 26, holding a framed collage of her ‘prison family.’ \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sexual abuse of female prisoners isn’t confined to a single facility, records obtained by KQED revealed. Four correctional officers in the state’s other major women’s prison — in Southern California — were also fired in recent years for sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017 alone, three officers at the California Institution for Women in San Bernardino County had sexual contact with inmates in or near their housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officer Robert Darrow was working an overtime shift in a housing unit on May 12, 2017, when he pulled one of the women responsible for cleaning and mopping the dorm into a broom closet, according to a transcript of a preliminary hearing in a criminal case against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said that he entered in behind her,” an investigator testified. “She was facing away from him. He closed the door. And then he bent her over, pulled her sweatpants down — she didn’t have any underwear — and then he moved his head down and orally copulated her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The encounter lasted only three minutes, according to the testimony, because Darrow heard a noise outside the closet and stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that same month, Officer Tony Garcia sent all the women in a housing unit to breakfast, but one. The woman performed oral sex on him in her cell. He ejaculated on her nightgown, which the woman hid and later turned over to internal affairs. Investigators tested the semen on the nightgown and confirmed it belonged to Garcia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third case involved Officer Stephen Merrill entering the cell of two female inmates at 3:30 a.m. on Oct. 30, 2017, and groping them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An investigation found, “As inmate [REDACTED] stood by the door facing the inside of the cell, she bent over and you inserted your right hand from behind her into her underwear. You grabbed her buttocks. After removing your hand from her underwear, you tasted your fingers by placing them into your mouth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Correctional Officers Fired for Sexual Misconduct 2015-2018\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Click links to read source records.\u003c/em>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Michael Ewell\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=8214744705036891733&hl=en&as_sdt=6&as_vis=1&oi=scholarr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2015 for having a sexual relationship with an inmate\u003cbr>\nNo criminal charges\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Tony Garcia\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548710-Garcia-Tony-NOAA-S-CIW-182-17-D.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for engaging in oral sex with an inmate\u003cbr>\nPleaded no contest to felony charge for sex with a consenting inmate\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Sergio Rios\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548723-Rios-Sergio-NOAA-C-CCWF-580-16-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2017 for having a sexual relationship with an inmate\u003cbr>\nCriminal charges were dropped\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Robert Darrow\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548989-PPL-v-Robert-Darrow-Preliminary-Hearing.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2017 for having oral sex with an inmate\u003cbr>\nCriminal charges were dropped\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Stephen Merrill\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548699-Merrill-Stephen-NOAA-S-CIW-351-17-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for groping two inmates\u003cbr>\nPleaded no contest to felony charge for sex with a consenting inmate\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Israel Trevino\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548675-Trevino-I-NOAA-C-CCWF-423-17-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for groping and harassing inmates\u003cbr>\nNo criminal charges\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The other inmate then faced the inside of the cell and bent over. Merrill reportedly also groped her from behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disciplinary decision released by prison officials doesn’t provide further details about the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under state and federal statutes, inmates cannot consent to sex with prison guards. Sustained findings of sexual misconduct by a correctional officer will result in dismissal, according to prison policies, and can be grounds for criminal prosecution. All three correctional officers at the Southern California women’s prison were fired and charged with felony sex crimes. Attorneys representing them did not return requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merrill and Garcia took plea deals, according to court records. Garcia served two days in jail and was placed on probation. Merrill’s two-year prison sentence was suspended as he completes three years of probation. He was also sentenced to less than a year of county jail time, eligible for work and weekend release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors in the case against Darrow argued he had “a history of being investigated for sexual activity with inmates,” according to a preliminary hearing transcript in the case. But the San Bernardino County district attorney suddenly dropped the charges against him in March of this year. Deputy DA Lisa Mann, who prosecuted the case, declined to answer any questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some officers are never even charged, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Israel Trevino’s case from the Central Valley prison, it took officials eight months to dismiss him for sexually abusing inmates. He was fired in April 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials never referred Trevino for criminal charges — due to insufficient evidence, according to a spokeswoman. That’s despite investigators’ findings that he repeatedly groped women in his custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Central Region Criminal Investigation team, after a full review of the material, recommended the case instead be opened as an administrative investigation,” spokeswoman Simas wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Office of Inspector General for California prisons monitors all investigations of sexual assault and harassment by officers and issues public reports.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"left\" citation=\"Roy Wesley, Inspector General for California Prisons\"]‘Our power is to write about it and to bring transparency to the public because otherwise nobody knows what happens in these things.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Trevino’s case, the Office of the Inspector General noted several deficiencies in the prison’s investigation. A prison investigator “scheduled case conferences and critical witness interviews for when he knew the OIG would not be available, and only cooperated after the OIG elevated the issue to his supervisor,” according to a 2018 inspector general’s discipline monitoring report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office’s case review also faulted the investigation for failing to substantiate that Trevino was dishonest “when he denied that he made inappropriate, derogatory and sexually harassing comments to inmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have no authority to tell the department, ‘You have to do what we think you should do,’ ” said Inspector General Roy Wesley. “Our power is to write about it and to bring transparency to the public because otherwise nobody knows what happens in these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmate advocates would like California to create another oversight body with more teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also agree with the Prison Law Office’s recommendation that CDCR hire mostly female correctional officers to work inside the women’s housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the male officers fired for sexual misconduct inside California women’s prisons in recent years had access to areas of the housing units where women are changing. Federal law mandates that male officers announce their presence upon entering those areas, but otherwise does not restrict their presence.[aside postID=\"news_11777176,news_11770926,news_11740176\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/Police-Art_1.gif\" heroLink=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/police-records\" target=\"_blank\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the Prison Law Office think prison officials could prevent a lot of abuse by cutting off that access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Washington Department of Corrections at one of their women’s prisons made it a requirement that only women apply for certain positions working inside the housing units where the women live, sleep and bathe,” said Prison Law Office attorney Kendrick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California prison system has been moving in that direction, according to spokeswoman Simas. A greater percentage of jobs in housing units are designated for female officers only, and the prison system is pushing to recruit more women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, women make up roughly a third of officers at the two main female prisons in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mota is still working to turn her experience in prison into an instrument for change. Thinking about the years she was scrutinized and objectified in prison by officers who considered her “their girl” makes her anxious and shaky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not the rules, or the regulations, it’s the culture,” Mota said. “How do you deeply affect this culture that’s existed for so long where it’s ‘normal’ and ‘OK’ to do this shit in prison?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-11786529\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-160x155.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-160x155.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-800x777.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1020x990.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo.png 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>This story was produced by the California Reporting Project, a coalition of 40 news organizations across the state. The project was formed to request and report on previously secret records of police misconduct and use of force in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "#MeToo Behind Bars: Records Shed Light on Sexual Abuse Inside State Women’s Prisons | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A state prison inmate incarcerated at the Central California Women’s Facility was awaiting her group therapy session on Aug. 23, 2017. She stepped backward in her cell toward the door, where Correctional Officer Israel Trevino waited with waist restraints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he attached the chains, he reached down with both of his hands “to grope and fondle her buttocks,” according to an internal investigation that led to Trevino’s firing.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hey, what the fuck are you doing?” the inmate, whose name was redacted in reports, is quoted as saying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have a big butt,” Trevino replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wasn’t the only time Trevino sexually abused an inmate in his custody, according to the investigation’s findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former correctional officer — who was responsible for escorting inmates from their cells to their appointments and to the shower — tried to pull up a woman’s shirt and put his hand down her pants on an unspecified date in 2017, investigators for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That inmate said Trevino squeezed her buttocks over her clothing while escorting her and tried to get her to expose her breasts and vagina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Come on, show me something,” he pressured her, according to the records.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nTrevino was investigated after an inmate complained about the groping to her prison social worker, who reported the allegation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials fired Trevino in 2018 for sexual misconduct. He had worked at the women’s prison for over a decade and had been formally warned for making sexually harassing comments to inmates, according to records from the Office of the Inspector General for California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach Trevino for comment were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison system spokeswoman Dana Simas responded in a written statement that officials moved to protect incarcerated women when the 2017 allegations surfaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trevino was barred from entering the secured perimeter of the prison to prevent further inmate contact during the pendency of the investigation,” Simas wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department fired at least six male correctional officers for sexually abusing women in their custody between 2014 and 2018, according to internal records released to KQED under a new state transparency law and court filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some groped the inmates, while others engaged in oral sex or intercourse. The disciplinary records, which are still incomplete, provide a first-ever glimpse into how the prison system deals with sexual exploitation by its officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The names of the women involved are redacted in the records, and two named witnesses did not respond to requests for interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the number of dismissals for sexual misconduct is extremely rare among the roughly 26,000 correctional officers who work at California prisons, inmate advocates say sexual abuse by staff is more rampant than the records show because few officers get reported or investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786504\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786504\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-800x788.jpg\" alt=\"Amika Mota on picture day in 2011 at the Central California Women’s Facility.\" width=\"800\" height=\"788\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-800x788.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-160x158.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-1020x1004.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-1200x1181.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy.jpg 1549w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amika Mota on picture day in 2011 at the Central California Women’s Facility. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Amika Mota)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amika Mota is trying to change that. She spent most of a nine-year prison sentence for vehicular manslaughter at the Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla, north of Fresno in the Central Valley. She said she and other incarcerated women put up with sexual advances because they depended on correctional officers for access to clean laundry, phone calls, tampons, time out of their cell and other basic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a bone in my body that ever felt attracted to any of these officers or felt like any of the words we spoke were true,” Mota said. “It was just this survival technique to play along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers can also write up inmates, which can result in extending a prison sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One officer in her housing unit, who Mota declined to name, demanded that she write sexually explicit letters to him. She also described an officer who expected to see women without their clothes on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would be really appreciative if during count we were in our bras,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mota said she never reported any harassment, fearing retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She joined the Bay Area-based Young Women’s Freedom Center after she was released in 2015. She’s now part of a new movement called Me Too Behind Bars, working to expose sexual abuse of people in prison and jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What does it mean to feel constantly harassed, where they think it’s consensual and we think it’s not but we can’t ever say it?” Mota said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s inmate population includes nearly 5,000 women, about 4% of the 124,000 prisoners in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State prison officials say they have been trying to improve conditions for female inmates in recent years, including enforcing a zero tolerance policy for sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All sexual violence, staff sexual misconduct, and sexual harassment is strictly prohibited,” prisons spokeswoman Simas wrote in an Oct. 11 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state prison system also investigates and tracks all allegations of sexual assault and harassment by staff, including correctional officers, to comply with the federal Prison Rape Elimination Act. In 2018, 337 staff-on-inmate incidents were reported in California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigations substantiated just three of those allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786575\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11786575 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Kelly Heigert/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Independent probes into the culture in women’s lockups have found that these formally reported allegations likely capture only a fraction of the abuse and harassment of incarcerated women by prison staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Prison Law Office, which monitors conditions for inmates as part of a settlement in a decades-old federal class action lawsuit, has interviewed hundreds of women at the Central Valley prison and documented their complaints for the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm \u003ca href=\"https://prisonlaw.com///wp-content/uploads/2016/08/16.08.18-Prison-Law-Office-report-on-CCWF.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported in 2016\u003c/a> that out of a random sample of 80 women, nearly all had experienced sexual abuse or harassment while incarcerated. A second round of interviews turned up similar complaints, often at the hands of the same officers. The firm faulted a culture of bigotry and sexism at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a constant stream of verbal sexual harassment or misogynist statements,” attorney Corene Kendrick said, “kind of cat-calling at its highest level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of women complained the prison officers constantly addressed them as “bitches” or “hos,” Kendrick said. “When they’d make the announcements on the PA system, you know, it’d be ‘Hey bitches, time to go to lunch.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786524\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786524\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"Amika Mota poses for a portrait at her home in the San Francisco Bay Area on Sept. 26, holding a framed collage of her 'prison family.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1832x1374.jpeg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1376x1032.jpeg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1044x783.jpeg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-536x402.jpeg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amika Mota poses for a portrait at her home in the San Francisco Bay Area on Sept. 26, holding a framed collage of her ‘prison family.’ \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sexual abuse of female prisoners isn’t confined to a single facility, records obtained by KQED revealed. Four correctional officers in the state’s other major women’s prison — in Southern California — were also fired in recent years for sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017 alone, three officers at the California Institution for Women in San Bernardino County had sexual contact with inmates in or near their housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officer Robert Darrow was working an overtime shift in a housing unit on May 12, 2017, when he pulled one of the women responsible for cleaning and mopping the dorm into a broom closet, according to a transcript of a preliminary hearing in a criminal case against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said that he entered in behind her,” an investigator testified. “She was facing away from him. He closed the door. And then he bent her over, pulled her sweatpants down — she didn’t have any underwear — and then he moved his head down and orally copulated her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The encounter lasted only three minutes, according to the testimony, because Darrow heard a noise outside the closet and stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that same month, Officer Tony Garcia sent all the women in a housing unit to breakfast, but one. The woman performed oral sex on him in her cell. He ejaculated on her nightgown, which the woman hid and later turned over to internal affairs. Investigators tested the semen on the nightgown and confirmed it belonged to Garcia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third case involved Officer Stephen Merrill entering the cell of two female inmates at 3:30 a.m. on Oct. 30, 2017, and groping them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An investigation found, “As inmate [REDACTED] stood by the door facing the inside of the cell, she bent over and you inserted your right hand from behind her into her underwear. You grabbed her buttocks. After removing your hand from her underwear, you tasted your fingers by placing them into your mouth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Correctional Officers Fired for Sexual Misconduct 2015-2018\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Click links to read source records.\u003c/em>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Michael Ewell\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=8214744705036891733&hl=en&as_sdt=6&as_vis=1&oi=scholarr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2015 for having a sexual relationship with an inmate\u003cbr>\nNo criminal charges\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Tony Garcia\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548710-Garcia-Tony-NOAA-S-CIW-182-17-D.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for engaging in oral sex with an inmate\u003cbr>\nPleaded no contest to felony charge for sex with a consenting inmate\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Sergio Rios\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548723-Rios-Sergio-NOAA-C-CCWF-580-16-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2017 for having a sexual relationship with an inmate\u003cbr>\nCriminal charges were dropped\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Robert Darrow\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548989-PPL-v-Robert-Darrow-Preliminary-Hearing.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2017 for having oral sex with an inmate\u003cbr>\nCriminal charges were dropped\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Stephen Merrill\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548699-Merrill-Stephen-NOAA-S-CIW-351-17-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for groping two inmates\u003cbr>\nPleaded no contest to felony charge for sex with a consenting inmate\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Israel Trevino\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548675-Trevino-I-NOAA-C-CCWF-423-17-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for groping and harassing inmates\u003cbr>\nNo criminal charges\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The other inmate then faced the inside of the cell and bent over. Merrill reportedly also groped her from behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disciplinary decision released by prison officials doesn’t provide further details about the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under state and federal statutes, inmates cannot consent to sex with prison guards. Sustained findings of sexual misconduct by a correctional officer will result in dismissal, according to prison policies, and can be grounds for criminal prosecution. All three correctional officers at the Southern California women’s prison were fired and charged with felony sex crimes. Attorneys representing them did not return requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merrill and Garcia took plea deals, according to court records. Garcia served two days in jail and was placed on probation. Merrill’s two-year prison sentence was suspended as he completes three years of probation. He was also sentenced to less than a year of county jail time, eligible for work and weekend release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors in the case against Darrow argued he had “a history of being investigated for sexual activity with inmates,” according to a preliminary hearing transcript in the case. But the San Bernardino County district attorney suddenly dropped the charges against him in March of this year. Deputy DA Lisa Mann, who prosecuted the case, declined to answer any questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some officers are never even charged, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Israel Trevino’s case from the Central Valley prison, it took officials eight months to dismiss him for sexually abusing inmates. He was fired in April 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials never referred Trevino for criminal charges — due to insufficient evidence, according to a spokeswoman. That’s despite investigators’ findings that he repeatedly groped women in his custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Central Region Criminal Investigation team, after a full review of the material, recommended the case instead be opened as an administrative investigation,” spokeswoman Simas wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Office of Inspector General for California prisons monitors all investigations of sexual assault and harassment by officers and issues public reports.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Trevino’s case, the Office of the Inspector General noted several deficiencies in the prison’s investigation. A prison investigator “scheduled case conferences and critical witness interviews for when he knew the OIG would not be available, and only cooperated after the OIG elevated the issue to his supervisor,” according to a 2018 inspector general’s discipline monitoring report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office’s case review also faulted the investigation for failing to substantiate that Trevino was dishonest “when he denied that he made inappropriate, derogatory and sexually harassing comments to inmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have no authority to tell the department, ‘You have to do what we think you should do,’ ” said Inspector General Roy Wesley. “Our power is to write about it and to bring transparency to the public because otherwise nobody knows what happens in these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmate advocates would like California to create another oversight body with more teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also agree with the Prison Law Office’s recommendation that CDCR hire mostly female correctional officers to work inside the women’s housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the male officers fired for sexual misconduct inside California women’s prisons in recent years had access to areas of the housing units where women are changing. Federal law mandates that male officers announce their presence upon entering those areas, but otherwise does not restrict their presence.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the Prison Law Office think prison officials could prevent a lot of abuse by cutting off that access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Washington Department of Corrections at one of their women’s prisons made it a requirement that only women apply for certain positions working inside the housing units where the women live, sleep and bathe,” said Prison Law Office attorney Kendrick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California prison system has been moving in that direction, according to spokeswoman Simas. A greater percentage of jobs in housing units are designated for female officers only, and the prison system is pushing to recruit more women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, women make up roughly a third of officers at the two main female prisons in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mota is still working to turn her experience in prison into an instrument for change. Thinking about the years she was scrutinized and objectified in prison by officers who considered her “their girl” makes her anxious and shaky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not the rules, or the regulations, it’s the culture,” Mota said. “How do you deeply affect this culture that’s existed for so long where it’s ‘normal’ and ‘OK’ to do this shit in prison?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-11786529\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-160x155.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-160x155.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-800x777.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1020x990.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo.png 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>This story was produced by the California Reporting Project, a coalition of 40 news organizations across the state. The project was formed to request and report on previously secret records of police misconduct and use of force in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "bay-area-soprano-elliot-franks-learns-to-sing-with-a-whole-new-baritone-voice",
"title": "Bay Area Soprano Elliot Franks Learns to Sing With a Whole New Baritone Voice",
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"headTitle": "Bay Area Soprano Elliot Franks Learns to Sing With a Whole New Baritone Voice | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Earlier this year, Elliot Franks appeared as a special guest at a transgender singing symposium in San Francisco. About 100 singers, voice coaches and academic researchers met for a day to share their experiences and advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks did something that day that took a lot of courage. He stood in front of all those voice experts while samples of his singing — recorded at various stages of his gender reassignment process — played over the speakers. His voice had changed over a period of two years or so, from ringing high and clear as a bell, to sounding low and croaky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You feel sort of bad knowing that you did that to your voice, when your voice has been so good to you,” Franks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1990s and early 2000s, Franks was one of the San Francisco Bay Area’s go-to classical singers, making regular appearances with acclaimed ensembles, like the Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra & Chorale and the San Francisco Opera Chorus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Elliot’s voice was magnificent,” said Philharmonia Chorale director Bruce Lamott, who worked with Franks for about a decade. “He had a very agile voice with an extraordinary range.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, Franks used his female birth name and sang traditional soprano and mezzo-soprano parts. But offstage, he always dressed in men’s attire and preferred to be addressed with masculine pronouns. This was in keeping with his lifelong belief that gender covers a wide spectrum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be forced to conform to one of two standard gender norms is to deny a person’s individuality, freedom of expression, personal identity and integrity,” Franks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773575\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11773575 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-800x413.png\" alt=\"Elliot Franks and his vocal coach Ruth Rainero present a session at the 2019 Transgender Singing Symposium in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-800x413.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-160x83.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-1020x527.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-1200x619.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-1920x991.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elliot Franks and his vocal coach, Ruth Rainero, present a session at Trans and Singing: A Symposium for Voice Teachers and Singers, in San Francisco in February 2019. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The 56-year-old Richmond resident said he has felt this way since he was a kid growing up near Birmingham, England, in the 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a teen whom others saw as a girl but who clearly felt differently about his own identity, Franks said he found the gender-neutral church choir dress code, with its baggy, tentlike robes, oddly liberating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was my refuge really,” Franks said. “To be in a situation where I could be myself, and at that point, sort of relatively genderless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks watched the boys at school with envy, but couldn’t quite figure out why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"left\" citation=\"Elliot Franks\"]“I thought, well, you know, I’m never going to be a young man. That’s gone. But I can at least be a middle-aged, chubby guy, and maybe feel a little more comfortable in my own skin.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the other boys would go out and play soccer,” Franks said. “And the girls, of which they seemed to lump me in with, had to stay in and do needlework.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A heavy silence hung over the singer’s formative years around questions of gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Back then there was just really no information,” he said. “So you sort of feel like you’re the only person in the world that feels like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That feeling of isolation lingered long after Franks won a full ride to the Royal Northern College of Music, one of the most prestigious music colleges in the United Kingdom, and busted out of England in the late 1980s on a scholarship to pursue vocal studies in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I sort of trained myself to deal with that feeling of being wrong,” Franks said. “Because I knew I had to, to be going on in my career and to do any auditions for anything. I had this female voice, and that was what people were expecting to see. And I cleaned up pretty well back then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He felt fairly comfortable with continuing on in this way for a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11773706,news_11773678,news_11773585' label='Living Authentically: Life As A Transgender Opera Singer']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I could have stayed just as I was and done all my auditions in a suit and tie, that would have been the best of all possible worlds,” Franks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as he headed into his 40s, Franks experienced a professional and personal crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Due to irreconcilable differences with a conductor, Franks said he lost his most personally fulfilling and stable singing job, and he also broke up with his longtime partner. He started worrying about other people’s perceptions of his gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I found as I got older, I was more concerned with how other people [perceived me], if I told them about myself or they found out through other channels,” Franks said. “It bothered me that it would make people uncomfortable or upset people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks had a couple of gender reassignment surgeries and started thinking about taking testosterone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was a long and hard decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When someone takes testosterone, it not only tends to make them hairier and increases their muscle mass, but it also lowers the voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The testosterone thickens the vocal fold,” explained voice speech pathologist Sarah Schneider, who specializes in working with transgender singers at UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11774327\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11774327 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-800x528.jpg\" alt=\"Elliot Franks (right) and fellow singer Lucia Lucas (left) in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in May 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-800x528.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-1020x673.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-1200x792.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-1920x1268.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1.jpg 1934w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elliot Franks (right) and fellow singer Lucia Lucas (left) in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in May 2019. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But learning a new lower-pitched way of speaking and singing often comes with enormous challenges. “Some people describe it as feeling locked in,” Schneider said. “They’re not quite sure how to navigate the lower voice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks agonized about what taking male hormones might do to his beautiful soprano voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I often heard people talking to me about how moved they were about my performance,” he said. “How vocally I had moved them, but also dramatically. And I always took that as a great compliment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he figured he was aging out of his favorite opera roles anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I thought, well, you know, I’m never going to be a young man. That’s gone,” Franks said. “But I can at least be a middle-aged, chubby guy, and maybe feel a little more comfortable in my own skin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So six years ago, at the age of 50, Franks started taking testosterone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks regrets not starting his hormone treatment earlier. He said his voice might have adapted more easily to the changes when his vocal cords were younger and more flexible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has largely withdrawn from professional singing.[pullquote align=\"right\" citation=\"Elliot Franks\"]“I grieve not being able to participate in some of the groups that I participated in, because they are largely my family.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choral conductor Lamott said he understands Franks’ decision, though it’s hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On a personal level, I knew that this was what was in his heart; that who you are is much more important than what you can do,” Lamott said. “I did mourn the loss of that beautiful instrument, because it was really exceptional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks also went through another radical shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, he makes his living not from singing, but rather from arranging funerals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He quite likes his new job. Bespectacled, warm and smiley, Franks said he has a knack for cheering people up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I’ve got a grieving person and I can get them to smile, I feel like I’m doing something really good,” Franks said. “Because for a minute, for a second, they’re out of the angst and the pain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also dealing with his own feelings of grief around the loss of his voice and professional singing community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I grieve the ease of singing,” Franks said. “I grieve not being able to participate in some of the groups that I participated in, because they are largely my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But lately, Franks’ voice has been coming back. It’s turning into a rich, emotional baritone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"New Voices Bay Area Trans, Intersex and Genderqueer Chorus\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/UKDvRXo3Ayg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s taking singing lessons and is a member of \u003ca href=\"https://sfcmc.org/new-voices-bay-area-tigq-chorus/\">New Voices Bay Area\u003c/a>, a chorus for amateur trans, intersex and genderqueer singers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The good thing about it is, no matter where one’s voice is in transition,” Franks said, “you can move to a part that you can sing most of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He enjoys putting his many years of professional singing experience to good use, helping his fellow singers in the choir explore the uniqueness and beauty of their new voices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Earlier this year, Elliot Franks appeared as a special guest at a transgender singing symposium in San Francisco. About 100 singers, voice coaches and academic researchers met for a day to share their experiences and advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks did something that day that took a lot of courage. He stood in front of all those voice experts while samples of his singing — recorded at various stages of his gender reassignment process — played over the speakers. His voice had changed over a period of two years or so, from ringing high and clear as a bell, to sounding low and croaky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You feel sort of bad knowing that you did that to your voice, when your voice has been so good to you,” Franks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1990s and early 2000s, Franks was one of the San Francisco Bay Area’s go-to classical singers, making regular appearances with acclaimed ensembles, like the Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra & Chorale and the San Francisco Opera Chorus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Elliot’s voice was magnificent,” said Philharmonia Chorale director Bruce Lamott, who worked with Franks for about a decade. “He had a very agile voice with an extraordinary range.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, Franks used his female birth name and sang traditional soprano and mezzo-soprano parts. But offstage, he always dressed in men’s attire and preferred to be addressed with masculine pronouns. This was in keeping with his lifelong belief that gender covers a wide spectrum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be forced to conform to one of two standard gender norms is to deny a person’s individuality, freedom of expression, personal identity and integrity,” Franks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773575\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11773575 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-800x413.png\" alt=\"Elliot Franks and his vocal coach Ruth Rainero present a session at the 2019 Transgender Singing Symposium in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-800x413.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-160x83.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-1020x527.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-1200x619.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium-1920x991.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Elliot-singing-at-the-trans-singing-symposium.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elliot Franks and his vocal coach, Ruth Rainero, present a session at Trans and Singing: A Symposium for Voice Teachers and Singers, in San Francisco in February 2019. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The 56-year-old Richmond resident said he has felt this way since he was a kid growing up near Birmingham, England, in the 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a teen whom others saw as a girl but who clearly felt differently about his own identity, Franks said he found the gender-neutral church choir dress code, with its baggy, tentlike robes, oddly liberating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was my refuge really,” Franks said. “To be in a situation where I could be myself, and at that point, sort of relatively genderless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks watched the boys at school with envy, but couldn’t quite figure out why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the other boys would go out and play soccer,” Franks said. “And the girls, of which they seemed to lump me in with, had to stay in and do needlework.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A heavy silence hung over the singer’s formative years around questions of gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Back then there was just really no information,” he said. “So you sort of feel like you’re the only person in the world that feels like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That feeling of isolation lingered long after Franks won a full ride to the Royal Northern College of Music, one of the most prestigious music colleges in the United Kingdom, and busted out of England in the late 1980s on a scholarship to pursue vocal studies in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I sort of trained myself to deal with that feeling of being wrong,” Franks said. “Because I knew I had to, to be going on in my career and to do any auditions for anything. I had this female voice, and that was what people were expecting to see. And I cleaned up pretty well back then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He felt fairly comfortable with continuing on in this way for a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I could have stayed just as I was and done all my auditions in a suit and tie, that would have been the best of all possible worlds,” Franks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as he headed into his 40s, Franks experienced a professional and personal crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Due to irreconcilable differences with a conductor, Franks said he lost his most personally fulfilling and stable singing job, and he also broke up with his longtime partner. He started worrying about other people’s perceptions of his gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I found as I got older, I was more concerned with how other people [perceived me], if I told them about myself or they found out through other channels,” Franks said. “It bothered me that it would make people uncomfortable or upset people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks had a couple of gender reassignment surgeries and started thinking about taking testosterone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was a long and hard decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When someone takes testosterone, it not only tends to make them hairier and increases their muscle mass, but it also lowers the voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The testosterone thickens the vocal fold,” explained voice speech pathologist Sarah Schneider, who specializes in working with transgender singers at UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11774327\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11774327 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-800x528.jpg\" alt=\"Elliot Franks (right) and fellow singer Lucia Lucas (left) in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in May 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-800x528.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-1020x673.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-1200x792.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1-1920x1268.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/elliot-and-lucia-1.jpg 1934w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elliot Franks (right) and fellow singer Lucia Lucas (left) in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in May 2019. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But learning a new lower-pitched way of speaking and singing often comes with enormous challenges. “Some people describe it as feeling locked in,” Schneider said. “They’re not quite sure how to navigate the lower voice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks agonized about what taking male hormones might do to his beautiful soprano voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I often heard people talking to me about how moved they were about my performance,” he said. “How vocally I had moved them, but also dramatically. And I always took that as a great compliment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he figured he was aging out of his favorite opera roles anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I thought, well, you know, I’m never going to be a young man. That’s gone,” Franks said. “But I can at least be a middle-aged, chubby guy, and maybe feel a little more comfortable in my own skin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So six years ago, at the age of 50, Franks started taking testosterone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks regrets not starting his hormone treatment earlier. He said his voice might have adapted more easily to the changes when his vocal cords were younger and more flexible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has largely withdrawn from professional singing.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choral conductor Lamott said he understands Franks’ decision, though it’s hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On a personal level, I knew that this was what was in his heart; that who you are is much more important than what you can do,” Lamott said. “I did mourn the loss of that beautiful instrument, because it was really exceptional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks also went through another radical shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, he makes his living not from singing, but rather from arranging funerals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He quite likes his new job. Bespectacled, warm and smiley, Franks said he has a knack for cheering people up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I’ve got a grieving person and I can get them to smile, I feel like I’m doing something really good,” Franks said. “Because for a minute, for a second, they’re out of the angst and the pain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also dealing with his own feelings of grief around the loss of his voice and professional singing community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I grieve the ease of singing,” Franks said. “I grieve not being able to participate in some of the groups that I participated in, because they are largely my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But lately, Franks’ voice has been coming back. It’s turning into a rich, emotional baritone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"New Voices Bay Area Trans, Intersex and Genderqueer Chorus\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/UKDvRXo3Ayg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s taking singing lessons and is a member of \u003ca href=\"https://sfcmc.org/new-voices-bay-area-tigq-chorus/\">New Voices Bay Area\u003c/a>, a chorus for amateur trans, intersex and genderqueer singers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The good thing about it is, no matter where one’s voice is in transition,” Franks said, “you can move to a part that you can sing most of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He enjoys putting his many years of professional singing experience to good use, helping his fellow singers in the choir explore the uniqueness and beauty of their new voices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Singer Breanna Sinclairé Moves Past Homelessness and Abuse in Pursuit of Operatic Stardom",
"title": "Singer Breanna Sinclairé Moves Past Homelessness and Abuse in Pursuit of Operatic Stardom",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/breasinclaire?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Breanna Sinclairé's \u003c/a>voice has an enviable four-octave range. The classically trained Bay Area vocalist said she's capable of singing almost any part she likes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I could choose to sing baritone if I wanted to,\" Sinclairé said. \"But no, that's just not who I am.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé is in her early 30s and starting to hit her stride as a soprano. In 2015, she became the first transgender vocalist to sing the national anthem at a professional sports event &mash; an Oakland A’s game against the San Diego Padres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"Breanna Sinclaire Becomes First Transgender Person to Sing National Anthem at MLB Game\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/TX0GQJjwY3A?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She starred in the whimsical short film \"Mezzo,\" has made solo appearances with important groups like the San Francisco Symphony and the Gay Men's Chorus of Los Angeles, and is scheduled to make her professional opera debut in Toronto early next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11773706,news_11773585,news_11773464' label='Living Authentically: Life As A Transgender Opera Singer']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But her path hasn't been easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé, who now lives in San Francisco, started out singing hymns and gospel songs in her local Southern Baptist church in Baltimore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The pastor always called me up to sing a solo, and all the church would be on the floor and crying,\" she said. \"It was dramatic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé's home life was dramatic in a different way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said her father didn’t like the fact he had an expressive kid who preferred playing with dolls to playing sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He would say, 'I don't want my child to be a faggot,' \" she said. \"So if I did something that was abnormal or different, he would take me in a back room and just beat me silly until I bled.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé said the regular beatings eased up after her parents got divorced when she was around 13. She got accepted to the Baltimore School for the Arts and soon found her community among the crowd of misfits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she continued to struggle with her identity there, especially when it came to singing in the choir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"left\" citation=\"Breanna Sinclairé\"]\"I want the world to see me as a woman and as a trained classical singer singing soprano repertoire.\"[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé was stuck with the guys in the tenor section. And it felt wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And so I continually fought with who I was in high school,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also in high school that she came face to face with a transgender woman for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was just like, 'Oh my God, like, she's so gorgeous!' I didn't know that even existed,\" Sinclairé said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé went off to the California Institute of the Arts for her undergraduate degree. It was during her junior year there, with the help of friends, that she began her physical transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had a party when I got my first hormones at Cal Arts,\" Sinclairé said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773598\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773598\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-800x1129.jpg\" alt=\"Breanna Sinclaire\" width=\"800\" height=\"1129\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-800x1129.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-160x226.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-1020x1440.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-850x1200.jpg 850w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire.jpg 1451w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Breanna Sinclaire \u003ccite>(JP Lor)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She knew she’d embarked on a difficult journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm 6-foot-2, so transitioning for me took a lot of work to get to where I am today,\" Sinclairé said, laughing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t just a question of taking hormones and undergoing surgery to transform her appearance into the statuesque, glamorous woman she is today. Sinclairé's transformation basically turned her entire life upside down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My family kind of disowned me,\" she said. \"I didn't have much support.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her transition, in the summer of 2010, she hit a low. Sinclairé said she’d saved up and flown across the country with a plan to study singing with a coach in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the lessons fell through. The coach stopped returning her emails after she told him she was transitioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then a roommate threw all of her stuff out onto the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said that he felt uncomfortable with me living there because of who I was,\" Sinclaire said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was homeless for more than two months in New York City. She said she sometimes slept in Central Park. Her only belongings were the couple of dresses and a black purse she’d managed to rescue from the trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I put aside the singing,\" Sinclaire said. \"Because when you're homeless, you're not getting employment and you're on the street, your mind is focused on survival.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, something unbelievable happened to Sinclairé — the sort of thing that usually only happens in the movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A man saw her while she was standing on the street. They struck up a conversation.[pullquote align=\"left\" citation=\"Breanna Sinclairé\"]\"I put aside the singing because when you're homeless, you're not getting employment and you're on the street, your mind is focused on survival.\"[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I told him that I was a developing opera singer and I was training at Cal Arts,\" Sinclairé said. \"And so what he did was, he wrote me a check.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said this knight in shining armor didn’t want anything in return for the price of the one-way plane ticket back to Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was no sexual exchange,\" Sinclairé said. \"It was just really random. Out of the blue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the man just wanted to see her graduate. So she returned to California to finish her degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it wasn't for him, maybe I wouldn't be here today,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé said she texted him her undergraduate degree certificate, and eventually her master's certificate as well from the San Francisco Conservatory of Music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They occasionally still talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, Sinclairé is focused on taking her career to the next level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"MEZZO TRAILER\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/wf_1uoZtlfM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has been taken under the wing of Sheri Greenawald, one of the top opera coaches in the country. They meet two or three times a month for a lesson, usually at Greenawald's cozy office at the War Memorial Opera House in San Francisco, where they work on many things, like testing the limits of Breanna’s range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While testosterone lowers the human voice, estrogen doesn’t make it go higher. Taking estrogen has no impact on the voice at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So hitting those high notes is all about training. Cisgender males can also train themselves to sing up high. They’re known as countertenors. But it’s a different sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé doesn’t want that sound. In fact, her greatest fear, she said, is being labeled as a countertenor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been through so much within my transition and who I am,\" she said. \"I want the world to see me as a woman and as a trained classical singer singing soprano repertoire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/breasinclaire?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Breanna Sinclairé's \u003c/a>voice has an enviable four-octave range. The classically trained Bay Area vocalist said she's capable of singing almost any part she likes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I could choose to sing baritone if I wanted to,\" Sinclairé said. \"But no, that's just not who I am.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé is in her early 30s and starting to hit her stride as a soprano. In 2015, she became the first transgender vocalist to sing the national anthem at a professional sports event &mash; an Oakland A’s game against the San Diego Padres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"Breanna Sinclaire Becomes First Transgender Person to Sing National Anthem at MLB Game\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/TX0GQJjwY3A?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She starred in the whimsical short film \"Mezzo,\" has made solo appearances with important groups like the San Francisco Symphony and the Gay Men's Chorus of Los Angeles, and is scheduled to make her professional opera debut in Toronto early next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But her path hasn't been easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé, who now lives in San Francisco, started out singing hymns and gospel songs in her local Southern Baptist church in Baltimore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The pastor always called me up to sing a solo, and all the church would be on the floor and crying,\" she said. \"It was dramatic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé's home life was dramatic in a different way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said her father didn’t like the fact he had an expressive kid who preferred playing with dolls to playing sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He would say, 'I don't want my child to be a faggot,' \" she said. \"So if I did something that was abnormal or different, he would take me in a back room and just beat me silly until I bled.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé said the regular beatings eased up after her parents got divorced when she was around 13. She got accepted to the Baltimore School for the Arts and soon found her community among the crowd of misfits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she continued to struggle with her identity there, especially when it came to singing in the choir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé was stuck with the guys in the tenor section. And it felt wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And so I continually fought with who I was in high school,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also in high school that she came face to face with a transgender woman for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was just like, 'Oh my God, like, she's so gorgeous!' I didn't know that even existed,\" Sinclairé said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé went off to the California Institute of the Arts for her undergraduate degree. It was during her junior year there, with the help of friends, that she began her physical transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had a party when I got my first hormones at Cal Arts,\" Sinclairé said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773598\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773598\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-800x1129.jpg\" alt=\"Breanna Sinclaire\" width=\"800\" height=\"1129\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-800x1129.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-160x226.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-1020x1440.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire-850x1200.jpg 850w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-Sinclaire.jpg 1451w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Breanna Sinclaire \u003ccite>(JP Lor)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She knew she’d embarked on a difficult journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm 6-foot-2, so transitioning for me took a lot of work to get to where I am today,\" Sinclairé said, laughing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t just a question of taking hormones and undergoing surgery to transform her appearance into the statuesque, glamorous woman she is today. Sinclairé's transformation basically turned her entire life upside down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My family kind of disowned me,\" she said. \"I didn't have much support.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her transition, in the summer of 2010, she hit a low. Sinclairé said she’d saved up and flown across the country with a plan to study singing with a coach in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the lessons fell through. The coach stopped returning her emails after she told him she was transitioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then a roommate threw all of her stuff out onto the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said that he felt uncomfortable with me living there because of who I was,\" Sinclaire said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was homeless for more than two months in New York City. She said she sometimes slept in Central Park. Her only belongings were the couple of dresses and a black purse she’d managed to rescue from the trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I put aside the singing,\" Sinclaire said. \"Because when you're homeless, you're not getting employment and you're on the street, your mind is focused on survival.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, something unbelievable happened to Sinclairé — the sort of thing that usually only happens in the movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A man saw her while she was standing on the street. They struck up a conversation.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I told him that I was a developing opera singer and I was training at Cal Arts,\" Sinclairé said. \"And so what he did was, he wrote me a check.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said this knight in shining armor didn’t want anything in return for the price of the one-way plane ticket back to Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was no sexual exchange,\" Sinclairé said. \"It was just really random. Out of the blue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the man just wanted to see her graduate. So she returned to California to finish her degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it wasn't for him, maybe I wouldn't be here today,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé said she texted him her undergraduate degree certificate, and eventually her master's certificate as well from the San Francisco Conservatory of Music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They occasionally still talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, Sinclairé is focused on taking her career to the next level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"MEZZO TRAILER\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/wf_1uoZtlfM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has been taken under the wing of Sheri Greenawald, one of the top opera coaches in the country. They meet two or three times a month for a lesson, usually at Greenawald's cozy office at the War Memorial Opera House in San Francisco, where they work on many things, like testing the limits of Breanna’s range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While testosterone lowers the human voice, estrogen doesn’t make it go higher. Taking estrogen has no impact on the voice at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So hitting those high notes is all about training. Cisgender males can also train themselves to sing up high. They’re known as countertenors. But it’s a different sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinclairé doesn’t want that sound. In fact, her greatest fear, she said, is being labeled as a countertenor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been through so much within my transition and who I am,\" she said. \"I want the world to see me as a woman and as a trained classical singer singing soprano repertoire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Sacramento Opera Star Lucia Lucas Pushes Industry Boundaries — and Beyond",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Opera has a long history of gender play. Women have performed young male roles on stage for hundreds of years, like the lovesick youth Cherubino in Mozart's \"The Marriage of Figaro.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the industry still mostly observes rigid gender codes when it comes to casting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then ... there's \u003ca href=\"https://lucialucas.de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lucia Lucas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sacramento-born-and-raised baritone made her debut in May as Don Giovanni with the \u003ca class=\"GoogleAnalyticsET-processed\" href=\"https://tulsaopera.com/\">Tulsa Opera\u003c/a>, becoming the first transgender person to sing a lead role in a standard operatic work in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The New York Times sent a reporter. The Metropolitan Opera sent a casting representative. Lucas had a documentary crew following her around. And her dad, whom she hadn’t seen for a decade, flew in specially for the occasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a lot of pressure to sing well,” Lucas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773607\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11773607 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-800x571.jpg\" alt=\"Jana McIntyre (left) and Lucia Lucas (right) in the 2019 production of 'Don Giovanni' at the Tulsa Opera.\" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-800x571.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-1200x857.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-1920x1372.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jana McIntyre (left) and Lucia Lucas (right) in the 2019 production of 'Don Giovanni' at the Tulsa Opera. \u003ccite>(Emily Steward)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lucas said she’d been wrestling with questions about her gender identity since she was a kid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My mom caught me with makeup,\" Lucas said. \"My dad found my stash of girls clothes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a difficult time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas started singing in high school. She sang baritone and mostly presented as a man. She almost came out as transgender in college. But her career was starting to unfold. And she fell in love with a fellow opera singer — a woman. They got married. So Lucas decided to put the decision off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don’t know,\" she said. \"I guess I just sort of thought maybe I can have this 'normal life.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas moved to Germany in 2009 — where she still resides today — because there were more opportunities for opera singers there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's so many people that would love to have that,\" she said. \"To be a working artist, you know, where they make at least enough money to live and continue doing their art full time. But it wasn't fulfilling for me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773609\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773609\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Lucia Lucas' masculine stage persona\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1472x1472.jpg 1472w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1104x1104.jpg 1104w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-912x912.jpg 912w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-550x550.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-470x470.jpg 470w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lucia Lucas' masculine stage persona. \u003ccite>(Johannes Kaplan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She was about five years into a steady, salaried job as a baritone with a highly regarded German opera house, the Badisches Staatstheater Karlsruhe, when she finally decided she had to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas chose the splashy opera ball for the occasion. It was May 2014. One of her company’s artistic directors, Jan Linders, said she made quite an entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"left\" citation=\"Lucia Lucas\"]\"You know, nobody is fired for being trans. They’re fired for being, you know, 90 seconds late, or not complying with the dress code regulations.\"[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were startled,\" Linders said. \"She came fully dressed as a woman. Made it clear that she wanted to be addressed as Lucia from that day on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said after they got over the initial shock, the company grappled with what to do about Lucas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Where should be her dressing room? Should it be in the ladies or the gentlemen floor? How should she be addressed in program books? How could we convey this private change to directors that would cast her?\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11773706,news_11773678,news_11773464' label='Living Authentically: Life As A Transgender Opera Singer']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas said the opera company ultimately decided not to renew her contract. Her former employer isn’t commenting on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas started taking estrogen and underwent surgery. She embarked on a freelance career, singing swaggering Wagnerian baritone roles like Wotan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though her professional status is steadily rising, she’s suspicious of the reasons companies give — if they give any — for failing to follow through on promised auditions or for dropping her from their roster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, nobody is fired for being trans,\" she said. \"They’re fired for being, you know, 90 seconds late, or not complying with the dress code regulations.\"\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nTaking testosterone is an option, albeit a risky one, for trans men seeking to lower their voices. But it’s a different story for trans women hoping to sing in a higher, more traditionally female range, said UCSF voice speech pathologist Sarah Schneider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For trans females, taking female hormones does not actually change the voice,\" Schneider said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said surgery on the vocal folds is a possibility for people who want to sing higher. But it’s a major risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773630\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11773630 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-800x1000.jpg\" alt=\"Opera singer Lucia Lucas\" width=\"800\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-160x200.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-1020x1275.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-960x1200.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-1920x2400.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut.jpg 1638w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Opera singer Lucia Lucas \u003ccite>(Josh New)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The outcomes are not always predictable, and we don't know if it's going to impact that accessibility to the upper range,\" Schneider said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some vocalists can train their voices to sing in different registers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not the path baritone Lucia Lucas took. She has considered the possibility of training her voice to sing soprano, and has fantasized about playing Wagnerian heroines, like Brunhilde.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If I could wake up tomorrow and sing Brunhilde, that would be amazing,\" Lucas said. \"Does it work that way? No.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas, who’s 39, looks very different today from what she looked like before the surgery and hormones. She has a mane of light-brown curls and favors bright red lipstick. But her bread and butter — that awesome voice — is just the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas said she often gets compliments at auditions. But the nice words haven’t always translated into contracts. So she often dons fake facial hair and men’s clothing for auditions to prove she can play guys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of people are really confused because they have 'Ms. Lucia Lucas' on their paperwork as a baritone,\" she said. \"But I'm presenting with a beard in masculine attire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her efforts are starting to pay off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"Lucia's Voice Documentary Film Clip\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/vGrc163eVJk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has landed a lead role with the English National Opera this October, and her schedule is booked out with singing engagements for the next three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas said the exposure she’s been getting has been useful for her career. But she said it may be many years before singers like her will be able to shake off the buzz that surrounds them because they're trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had a theater director in Germany say, 'Oh my gosh, this trans thing, it’s so hot right now.' I don't want that,\" she said. \"I want it to be not a thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas has been using her platform to advocate for greater inclusivity both within and beyond the world of opera. In a recent speech she gave, the singer said she didn’t once use terms like trans, gay, lesbian or queer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because I wanted to make it an inclusive speech and not an exclusive speech,\" she said. \"When we support each other, it's better for everybody.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Special thanks to the makers of \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Lucia’s Voice,” a feature-length documentary coming in 2020 from \u003ca href=\"https://kkp.film/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kirkpatrick & Kinslow Films\u003c/a>, directed by James Kicklighter. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Opera has a long history of gender play. Women have performed young male roles on stage for hundreds of years, like the lovesick youth Cherubino in Mozart's \"The Marriage of Figaro.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the industry still mostly observes rigid gender codes when it comes to casting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then ... there's \u003ca href=\"https://lucialucas.de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lucia Lucas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sacramento-born-and-raised baritone made her debut in May as Don Giovanni with the \u003ca class=\"GoogleAnalyticsET-processed\" href=\"https://tulsaopera.com/\">Tulsa Opera\u003c/a>, becoming the first transgender person to sing a lead role in a standard operatic work in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The New York Times sent a reporter. The Metropolitan Opera sent a casting representative. Lucas had a documentary crew following her around. And her dad, whom she hadn’t seen for a decade, flew in specially for the occasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a lot of pressure to sing well,” Lucas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773607\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11773607 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-800x571.jpg\" alt=\"Jana McIntyre (left) and Lucia Lucas (right) in the 2019 production of 'Don Giovanni' at the Tulsa Opera.\" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-800x571.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-1200x857.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni-1920x1372.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-TulsaOpera-Giovanni-Jana-McIntyre-as-Zerlina-Lucia-Lucas-as-Don-Giovanni.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jana McIntyre (left) and Lucia Lucas (right) in the 2019 production of 'Don Giovanni' at the Tulsa Opera. \u003ccite>(Emily Steward)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lucas said she’d been wrestling with questions about her gender identity since she was a kid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My mom caught me with makeup,\" Lucas said. \"My dad found my stash of girls clothes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a difficult time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas started singing in high school. She sang baritone and mostly presented as a man. She almost came out as transgender in college. But her career was starting to unfold. And she fell in love with a fellow opera singer — a woman. They got married. So Lucas decided to put the decision off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don’t know,\" she said. \"I guess I just sort of thought maybe I can have this 'normal life.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas moved to Germany in 2009 — where she still resides today — because there were more opportunities for opera singers there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's so many people that would love to have that,\" she said. \"To be a working artist, you know, where they make at least enough money to live and continue doing their art full time. But it wasn't fulfilling for me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773609\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773609\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Lucia Lucas' masculine stage persona\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1472x1472.jpg 1472w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1104x1104.jpg 1104w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-912x912.jpg 912w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-550x550.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-470x470.jpg 470w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lucia Lucas' masculine stage persona. \u003ccite>(Johannes Kaplan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She was about five years into a steady, salaried job as a baritone with a highly regarded German opera house, the Badisches Staatstheater Karlsruhe, when she finally decided she had to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas chose the splashy opera ball for the occasion. It was May 2014. One of her company’s artistic directors, Jan Linders, said she made quite an entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were startled,\" Linders said. \"She came fully dressed as a woman. Made it clear that she wanted to be addressed as Lucia from that day on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said after they got over the initial shock, the company grappled with what to do about Lucas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Where should be her dressing room? Should it be in the ladies or the gentlemen floor? How should she be addressed in program books? How could we convey this private change to directors that would cast her?\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas said the opera company ultimately decided not to renew her contract. Her former employer isn’t commenting on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas started taking estrogen and underwent surgery. She embarked on a freelance career, singing swaggering Wagnerian baritone roles like Wotan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though her professional status is steadily rising, she’s suspicious of the reasons companies give — if they give any — for failing to follow through on promised auditions or for dropping her from their roster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, nobody is fired for being trans,\" she said. \"They’re fired for being, you know, 90 seconds late, or not complying with the dress code regulations.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nTaking testosterone is an option, albeit a risky one, for trans men seeking to lower their voices. But it’s a different story for trans women hoping to sing in a higher, more traditionally female range, said UCSF voice speech pathologist Sarah Schneider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For trans females, taking female hormones does not actually change the voice,\" Schneider said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said surgery on the vocal folds is a possibility for people who want to sing higher. But it’s a major risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773630\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11773630 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-800x1000.jpg\" alt=\"Opera singer Lucia Lucas\" width=\"800\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-160x200.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-1020x1275.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-960x1200.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut-1920x2400.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS38976_Lucia-Lucas-bodyshot-Foto-Josh-New-qut.jpg 1638w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Opera singer Lucia Lucas \u003ccite>(Josh New)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The outcomes are not always predictable, and we don't know if it's going to impact that accessibility to the upper range,\" Schneider said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some vocalists can train their voices to sing in different registers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not the path baritone Lucia Lucas took. She has considered the possibility of training her voice to sing soprano, and has fantasized about playing Wagnerian heroines, like Brunhilde.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If I could wake up tomorrow and sing Brunhilde, that would be amazing,\" Lucas said. \"Does it work that way? No.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas, who’s 39, looks very different today from what she looked like before the surgery and hormones. She has a mane of light-brown curls and favors bright red lipstick. But her bread and butter — that awesome voice — is just the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas said she often gets compliments at auditions. But the nice words haven’t always translated into contracts. So she often dons fake facial hair and men’s clothing for auditions to prove she can play guys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of people are really confused because they have 'Ms. Lucia Lucas' on their paperwork as a baritone,\" she said. \"But I'm presenting with a beard in masculine attire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her efforts are starting to pay off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe title=\"Lucia's Voice Documentary Film Clip\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/vGrc163eVJk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has landed a lead role with the English National Opera this October, and her schedule is booked out with singing engagements for the next three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas said the exposure she’s been getting has been useful for her career. But she said it may be many years before singers like her will be able to shake off the buzz that surrounds them because they're trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had a theater director in Germany say, 'Oh my gosh, this trans thing, it’s so hot right now.' I don't want that,\" she said. \"I want it to be not a thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas has been using her platform to advocate for greater inclusivity both within and beyond the world of opera. In a recent speech she gave, the singer said she didn’t once use terms like trans, gay, lesbian or queer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because I wanted to make it an inclusive speech and not an exclusive speech,\" she said. \"When we support each other, it's better for everybody.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Special thanks to the makers of \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Lucia’s Voice,” a feature-length documentary coming in 2020 from \u003ca href=\"https://kkp.film/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kirkpatrick & Kinslow Films\u003c/a>, directed by James Kicklighter. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The human voice is ultrasensitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even a minor head cold or a small amount of stress can make you feel like there’s a car alarm going off in your throat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if the human voice is responsive to even tiny amounts of change, the shift for someone undergoing something as massive as gender reassignment can be nothing short of cataclysmic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11773464/bay-area-soprano-elliot-franks-learns-to-sing-with-a-whole-new-baritone-voice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elliot Franks\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11773585/sacramento-opera-star-lucia-lucas-pushes-industry-boundaries-and-beyond\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lucia Lucas\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11773678/singer-breanna-sinclaire-moves-past-homelessness-and-abuse-in-pursuit-of-operatic-stardom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Breanna Sinclairé\u003c/a> are three California opera singers who all happen to be transgender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have taken enormous risks to live their most authentic lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"left\" citation=\"Lucia Lucas\"]“Nobody is fired for being trans. They’re fired for being, you know, 90 seconds late, or not complying with the dress code regulations.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’ve navigated one of the most competitive and rigid industries — an industry that has been slow to evolve with the times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opera has a long history of gender play, with women performing young male roles on stage for hundreds of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet this rarefied world, with its strict casting codes and ridiculously high barriers to entry, is probably one of the most cloistered industries around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Opera is still a very gendered profession,” said Franks, who sang both soprano and mezzo-soprano roles as a professional in the San Francisco Bay Area but now sings in the baritone range. “They want to put you in a box.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://transequality.org/issues/employment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">research\u003c/a> by the National Center for Transgender Equality, one in four transgender people have lost a job due to bias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard for anyone to break through and make a living as an opera singer, much less a person who doesn’t fit in with the industry’s mostly rigid gender codes when it comes to casting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11773678,news_11773464,news_11773585' label='Living Authentically: Life As A Transgender Opera Singer']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, Sacramento-born-and-raised baritone Lucas, who decided to keep singing with her booming, low-voice type after her physical transition rather than trying to retrain her voice to sing soprano or mezzo roles, is rising to the very top of her profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, she became the first trans singer to perform a lead role in a classic operatic work in the U.S. when she starred in “Don Giovanni” with the Tulsa Opera in Oklahoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, she will play a lead role with the English National Opera in London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Lucas said she often dons fake facial hair and standard menswear for auditions to prove she can play roles that normally go to cisgender male performers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people are really confused because they have ‘Ms. Lucia Lucas’ on their paperwork as a baritone,” Lucas said. “But I’m presenting with a beard in masculine attire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773609\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773609\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Lucia Lucas' masculine stage persona\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1472x1472.jpg 1472w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1104x1104.jpg 1104w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-912x912.jpg 912w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-550x550.jpg 550w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-470x470.jpg 470w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lucia Lucas’ masculine stage persona. \u003ccite>(Johannes Kaplan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Hormones & the Human Voice\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When it comes to perceptions around gender transition, most people tend to focus on external physical changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But taking the male hormone testosterone doesn’t only tend to increase body hair and muscle mass. It also lowers the voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Testosterone thickens the vocal folds,” said UCSF voice speech pathologist Sarah Schneider, who specializes in working with transgender singers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But learning a new lower-pitched way of speaking and singing often comes with enormous challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people describe it as feeling locked in,” Schneider said. “They’re not quite sure how to navigate the lower voice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schneider said surgery for lowering vocal pitch exists. But few people go that route, because of the lowering effect of testosterone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/bdiUp51g-3Y\">https://youtu.be/bdiUp51g-3Y\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a completely different story for people taking estrogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For trans females, taking female hormones does not actually change the voice,” Schneider said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said surgery on the vocal folds is a possibility for people who want to sing higher. But it’s a major risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outcomes are not always predictable,” she said. “And we don’t know if it’s going to impact that accessibility to the upper range.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s possible to develop a higher speaking and singing register with careful training and consistent practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schneider said the best way to keep the voice healthy through the gender reassignment process is to keep using it — without pushing too hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a matter of looking at it like training,” she said. “We work on these different muscle patterns so they feel accessible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773601\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773601\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-800x450.png\" alt=\"Opera singer Breanna Sinclaire is the first trans vocalist ever to have sung the national anthem at a professional sports event. This was in 2015 at an Oakland As vs San Diego Padres game.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-1020x573.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-1200x674.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015.png 1890w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Opera singer Breanna Sinclaire is the first trans vocalist ever to have sung the national anthem at a professional sports event. This was in 2015 at an Oakland As vs San Diego Padres game. \u003ccite>(Major League Baseball)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Opera Companies Begin to Address Diversity\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Opera’s diversity and inclusivity challenge extends well beyond transgender singers. As an African American, Bay Area soprano Breanna Sinclairé is especially troubled by this reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the classical world, there are still other issues that we have to deal with first before we get to the transes, because there is a history of racial discrimination,” said Sinclairé, who abandoned the tenor range she was mostly forced to sing in while growing up, and has focused on extending her voice upward as a soprano. “It’s not a diverse genre of music. And I don’t see many African Americans or many Asian or Latino women playing lead roles.”[pullquote align=\"right\" citation=\"Breanna Sinclairé\"]“In the classical world, there are still other issues that we have to deal with first before we get to the transes, because there is a history of racial discrimination.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opera companies are very slowly starting to address these issues. For example, the San Francisco Opera just launched a new \u003ca href=\"https://sfopera.com/about-us/press-room/press-releases/Dpt-of-DEC/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Diversity, Equity and Community\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of its efforts are currently geared toward audience outreach. But director general Matthew Shilvock hopes the success of singers like Lucas will pave the way for change on the production side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The potential doors that this is now opening for trans singers is a very exciting step forward,” Shilvock said of Lucas’ U.S. debut as Don Giovanni. “If the voice is right for the role and right for the house, I would gladly hire that person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks, Lucas and Sinclairé don’t necessarily consider themselves activists. But each in his or her own way is working to bring about change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in a recent speech she gave, Lucas said she didn’t once use terms like trans, gay, lesbian or queer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because I wanted to make it an inclusive speech and not an exclusive speech,” Lucas said. “When we support each other it’s better for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The human voice is ultrasensitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even a minor head cold or a small amount of stress can make you feel like there’s a car alarm going off in your throat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if the human voice is responsive to even tiny amounts of change, the shift for someone undergoing something as massive as gender reassignment can be nothing short of cataclysmic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11773464/bay-area-soprano-elliot-franks-learns-to-sing-with-a-whole-new-baritone-voice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elliot Franks\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11773585/sacramento-opera-star-lucia-lucas-pushes-industry-boundaries-and-beyond\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lucia Lucas\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11773678/singer-breanna-sinclaire-moves-past-homelessness-and-abuse-in-pursuit-of-operatic-stardom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Breanna Sinclairé\u003c/a> are three California opera singers who all happen to be transgender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have taken enormous risks to live their most authentic lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, Sacramento-born-and-raised baritone Lucas, who decided to keep singing with her booming, low-voice type after her physical transition rather than trying to retrain her voice to sing soprano or mezzo roles, is rising to the very top of her profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, she became the first trans singer to perform a lead role in a classic operatic work in the U.S. when she starred in “Don Giovanni” with the Tulsa Opera in Oklahoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, she will play a lead role with the English National Opera in London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Lucas said she often dons fake facial hair and standard menswear for auditions to prove she can play roles that normally go to cisgender male performers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people are really confused because they have ‘Ms. Lucia Lucas’ on their paperwork as a baritone,” Lucas said. “But I’m presenting with a beard in masculine attire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773609\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773609\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Lucia Lucas' masculine stage persona\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1472x1472.jpg 1472w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-1104x1104.jpg 1104w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-912x912.jpg 912w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-550x550.jpg 550w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan-470x470.jpg 470w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Lucia-Lucas-Masculine-Stage-Persona-Johannes-Kaplan.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lucia Lucas’ masculine stage persona. \u003ccite>(Johannes Kaplan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Hormones & the Human Voice\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When it comes to perceptions around gender transition, most people tend to focus on external physical changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But taking the male hormone testosterone doesn’t only tend to increase body hair and muscle mass. It also lowers the voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Testosterone thickens the vocal folds,” said UCSF voice speech pathologist Sarah Schneider, who specializes in working with transgender singers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But learning a new lower-pitched way of speaking and singing often comes with enormous challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people describe it as feeling locked in,” Schneider said. “They’re not quite sure how to navigate the lower voice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schneider said surgery for lowering vocal pitch exists. But few people go that route, because of the lowering effect of testosterone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/bdiUp51g-3Y\">https://youtu.be/bdiUp51g-3Y\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a completely different story for people taking estrogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For trans females, taking female hormones does not actually change the voice,” Schneider said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said surgery on the vocal folds is a possibility for people who want to sing higher. But it’s a major risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outcomes are not always predictable,” she said. “And we don’t know if it’s going to impact that accessibility to the upper range.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s possible to develop a higher speaking and singing register with careful training and consistent practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schneider said the best way to keep the voice healthy through the gender reassignment process is to keep using it — without pushing too hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a matter of looking at it like training,” she said. “We work on these different muscle patterns so they feel accessible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773601\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773601\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-800x450.png\" alt=\"Opera singer Breanna Sinclaire is the first trans vocalist ever to have sung the national anthem at a professional sports event. This was in 2015 at an Oakland As vs San Diego Padres game.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-1020x573.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015-1200x674.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Breanna-at-As-game-2015.png 1890w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Opera singer Breanna Sinclaire is the first trans vocalist ever to have sung the national anthem at a professional sports event. This was in 2015 at an Oakland As vs San Diego Padres game. \u003ccite>(Major League Baseball)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Opera Companies Begin to Address Diversity\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Opera’s diversity and inclusivity challenge extends well beyond transgender singers. As an African American, Bay Area soprano Breanna Sinclairé is especially troubled by this reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the classical world, there are still other issues that we have to deal with first before we get to the transes, because there is a history of racial discrimination,” said Sinclairé, who abandoned the tenor range she was mostly forced to sing in while growing up, and has focused on extending her voice upward as a soprano. “It’s not a diverse genre of music. And I don’t see many African Americans or many Asian or Latino women playing lead roles.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opera companies are very slowly starting to address these issues. For example, the San Francisco Opera just launched a new \u003ca href=\"https://sfopera.com/about-us/press-room/press-releases/Dpt-of-DEC/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Diversity, Equity and Community\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of its efforts are currently geared toward audience outreach. But director general Matthew Shilvock hopes the success of singers like Lucas will pave the way for change on the production side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The potential doors that this is now opening for trans singers is a very exciting step forward,” Shilvock said of Lucas’ U.S. debut as Don Giovanni. “If the voice is right for the role and right for the house, I would gladly hire that person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franks, Lucas and Sinclairé don’t necessarily consider themselves activists. But each in his or her own way is working to bring about change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in a recent speech she gave, Lucas said she didn’t once use terms like trans, gay, lesbian or queer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because I wanted to make it an inclusive speech and not an exclusive speech,” Lucas said. “When we support each other it’s better for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "What Passed? What Didn't? Catch Up With the California Legislature as Session Ends",
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"headTitle": "What Passed? What Didn’t? Catch Up With the California Legislature as Session Ends | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The final day of session for the California State Legislature was disrupted late Friday afternoon when a woman in the Senate gallery \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/0ff009de977741e0abdd8568d9d80a29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tossed\u003c/a> what the California Highway Patrol said was a substance that “appeared to be blood” onto the Senate floor while yelling “That’s for the dead babies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>East Bay Sen. Steve Glazer (D-Orinda) said the liquid landed on his head and splashed onto five other senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman, identified as 43-year-old Rebecca Dalelio of Santa Cruz County, is linked to some of the anti-vaccine protesters demonstrating in recent weeks over the passage of Senate Bills 276 and 714 aimed at tightening up medical exemptions for children’s vaccines. She was arrested and charged with assault, vandalism and disrupting the business at hand in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CHP cordoned off the Senate, forcing lawmakers, media and others to move into a committee room to finish its business hours later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are some of the highlights from this legislative session, including bills that have already been signed into law, are awaiting signature or are in limbo until next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Children’s Issues\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 378:\u003c/strong> In-home child care providers would be allowed to unionize under this measure. Supporters said unionizing could give child care workers a voice and encourage them to stay in the industry. The bill has made it through the Legislature. Several similar bills have either died or been vetoed by governors in the past. But supporters are hoping this measure will be signed by Governor Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 337/AB 1092:\u003c/strong> Lawmakers sent Newsom two bills aimed at making sure more low-income kids in California benefit from child support payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, a quarter of a million California families only receive $50 a month in child support payments, even if the non-custodial parent is paying hundreds of dollars more each month in child support. This happens when a family is also receiving government assistance, like welfare or Medi-Cal. The government takes the rest of the money to repay the public for the cost of those safety net programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And parents that fail to pay their required child support on time see huge interest added to those debts — 10% a year. In addition to the crippling debt that racks up, parents can also lose their driver’s license, or go to jail if they fall too far behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two bills now on Newsom’s desk would change that: Oakland Sen. Nancy Skinner’s SB337 will increase the amount of child support paid to families on welfare assistance. Families with one child will get $100 a month under the bill; families with two or more kids will receive $200 a month. And AB 1092 will end the practice of adding interest to child support debt. Both bills, if signed by Newsom, will take effect in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Health\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 24:\u003c/strong> State lawmakers have passed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11772337/california-again-considers-making-abortion-pills-available-at-public-colleges\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bill\u003c/a> that would require student health centers at all 34 state campuses to provide medication abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the measure becomes law, it will be the first of its kind in the U.S. The bill’s supporters say they want to remove the obstacles women face accessing medical abortion off campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a consortium of women’s groups that support abortion rights has promised to pay for all the required ultrasound equipment and upfront training costs of providing the abortion pill on campus, eventually universities would likely need to dip into tax dollars or student fees for ongoing costs — which abortion opponents object to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 276/SB 714:\u003c/strong> California Gov. Gavin Newsom signed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11773308/anti-vaccine-protesters-swarm-capitol-as-lawmakers-pass-bill-limiting-medical-exemptions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pair of bills\u003c/a> into law earlier this week to crack down on doctors who write fraudulent medical exemptions for schoolchildren’s vaccinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news laws would create state oversight of medical exemptions for vaccines required by most schools and day care centers in California. Under them, the state would begin collecting medical exemptions electronically by Jan. 1, 2021. But health department officials would review them only when a school’s immunization rate falls below 95% or when a doctor writes more than five medical exemptions per year (beginning in 2020).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The laws would also allow officials to revoke any medical exemptions written by doctors who have faced disciplinary action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since being introduced last year, hundreds of parents have protested the legislation, insisting it would disrupt confidential doctor-patient relationships and scare doctors from writing new exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 343:\u003c/strong> Under legislation signed into law last week, Kaiser Permanente will have to share more information — like other insurers do — on revenue and expenses at each of its facilities, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/article234806097.html#storylink=cpy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Sacramento Bee\u003c/a> reported. The legislation was introduced on behalf of Kaiser’s largest union, the Service Employees International Union, which has been in contract negotiations for roughly a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Housing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1482\u003c/strong> marks the biggest victory for California renter protections in decades. It would create a statewide limit on rent increases of 5% plus inflation, and requires that landlords provide a “just cause” when evicting tenants who have been renting for a year. The limits on rent hikes don’t go nearly as far as local rent control laws in places like San Francisco and Oakland, but it would cover millions of Californians whose units don’t already have such protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure exempts units under 15 years old, but it was opposed by real estate agents who argued that the legislation would discourage construction of rental housing. Newsom has committed to signing the bill, which will sunset after 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1487\u003c/strong>, which has been sent to Newsom, would allow for a Bay Area regional ballot measure to raise money for affordable housing. Previous measures on ballots in the nine counties have raised taxes to pay for transportation and bay restoration. The executive board of the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) would decide what form a potential revenue-raising measure would take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 330\u003c/strong>, which has been sent to Newsom, would prohibit local governments from downzoning by either placing a moratorium on development or lowering the number of housing units permitted. It also would speed up the permitting process for development. The provision sunsets after five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Law Enforcement\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 22\u003c/strong> requires prompt testing of newly collected rape kits in Califonia. Under the bill, new rape kits must be submitted for testing within 20 days and actually tested with 120 days. The bill’s author, Senator Connie Leyva (D-Chino) says the measure would help solve crimes and prevent testing backlogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Survivors should never have to wait years or even decades for their rape kits to be tested and it is outrageous that collected evidence could ever sit on a shelf untested,” Leyva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 230 \u003c/strong>is meant to reduce the use of force among law enforcement agencies. Governor Newsom has signed it into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law requires agencies to maintain a policy providing guidelines on the use of force. That policy must also include de-escalation techniques and other alternatives to force, and specific guidelines for when deadly force can be used. In addition, the agencies’ policies must include a way to evaluate and review all use- of-force incidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 230\u003c/strong> is meant to be used in conjunction with \u003cstrong>AB 392\u003c/strong>, which Newsom signed into law in August. It states law enforcement can use deadly force only when “necessary,” rather than just “reasonable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 61\u003c/strong> would expand the scope of people able to request a gun violence restraining order against a person they believe is a danger to themselves or others. Currently, only immediate family members and police are allowed to make a request. This measure would allow employers, co-workers, schoolteachers and employees to request a restraining order as well. The legislation has been sent to Newsom for his signature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1215\u003c/strong> places a three-year ban on the use of facial recognition technology on body cameras by the state and local law enforcement agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill was supported by the ACLU, which said the technology is not ready for prime time. To prove its point, the ACLU entered photos of all 120 state legislators into a database of mugshots. The software incorrectly identified 26 of the lawmakers as criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and Oakland have already passed similar legislation. The bill has been sent to Newsom for his signature.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Prisons\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 32\u003c/strong> would ban the use of private for-profit prisons and detention centers in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill author Rob Bonta (D-Oakland) said there’s no room for the facilities in the state. “California should not be home to companies that are profiteering from the tearing of innocent children from their families. This is inhumane and goes against who we are as Californians and Americans,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the measure would reduce the state’s options for dealing with prison overcrowding and put more pressure on local jails to hold dangerous inmates. The legislation has been sent to Newsom for his signature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 132,\u003c/strong> which would allow transgender prisoners in the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) to be housed according to their gender identity, and not their sex assigned at birth, will be carried over to the next session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California would be the third state in the nation to pass such legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s sponsor, Sen. Scott Wiener of San Francisco, said the coalition supporting the legislation had decided to make it a two-year bill so they could “come to a solution that works for” the community, CDCR and Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Transgender people in our prison system are among the most marginalized people in society, and we must protect them,” he said Friday in a statement. “Over the fall recess, I will join community leaders to visit several state prisons to meet with transgender people who are incarcerated there. This listening tour will help us craft the best legislation possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 136\u003c/strong> is part of a larger push in California to roll back tough on crime laws that helped pack prisons and jails to the brim and resulted in ballooning corrections spending in the Golden State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would end the practice of automatically adding an extra year to a defendant’s sentence if they had previously served time for a felony. Wiener said 11,000 people currently in prison have this extra year tacked on at a cost of $80,000 a year. State officials estimate that the change would save taxpayers $80 million a year. The legislation has passed the Legislature and is heading to the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Environment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 792\u003c/strong> would establish a minimum level of recycled content – 50% – in plastic bottles by 2035. On Monday, Assemblyman Phil Ting introduced another bill, \u003cstrong>AB 54\u003c/strong>, to bring temporary relief to cities feeling the bite from the sudden closure of recycling centers across the state. The bill provides $10 million for recycling centers and gives grocers a reprieve from paying some recycling fees. Both bills passed the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 1\u003c/strong> is aimed at blunting any weakening of federal environmental laws in California by the Trump Administration. It was sent to Gov. Newsom early Saturday morning with strong backing from environmental groups, despite vigorous objections from Sen. Dianne Feinstein and some water groups who warned against creating two sets of environmental standards. If signed by the governor (or allowed to take effect without his signature) it would replace any federal environmental regulation (Clean Power Plan, Endangered Species Act, etc.) with a state alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1080 and SB 54:\u003c/strong> The legislative session ended without passage of the bills, which would have enacted the strongest plastic pollution rules in the U.S. The bills are eligible to be considered next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan required plastics manufacturers to take responsibility for the fate of their products — from coffee cup lids to takeout boxes to plastic packaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses would have had to ensure that plastic forks, for example, are recyclable or face a potential ban. If the bill had passed, all of the state’s single-use plastic utensils would need to be recyclable or compostable by 2030, and companies must reduce waste from plastic packaging by 75%.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 160:\u003c/strong> This bill mandates that counties include “cultural competence” into emergency plans. It’s partially a response to elderly and non-English-speaking residents who missed emergency alerts during the state’s recent wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, which has been sent to Newsom for his signature, calls for local communities to hold public forums that represent residents of many backgrounds when counties plan their emergency protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 520\u003c/strong> would give utilities like PG&E the designation of “provider of last resort” in the areas they serve. Utilities already enjoy that privilege in practice, but the law sponsored by Sen. Robert Hertzberg would enshrine it in the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the bill could limit the options that cities and counties have to wrest control from utilities and run them municipally, and limit opportunities for community choice aggregation just as they are starting to thrive. The legislation has been sent to Newsom for his signature.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Other Notable Bills\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 206:\u003c/strong> NBA icon LeBron James threw his weight behind SB 206, the “Fair Pay to Play” bill by East Bay Sen. Nancy Skinner that would allow student-athletes at all four-year colleges in California to sign endorsement deals and receive compensation for the use of their names, images or likenesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But NCAA President Mark Emmert wrote in a letter to Newsom that signing the legislation could make it “impossible to host fair national championships.” He also implied that if the bill became law, athletes at California schools could be barred from competing in NCAA national championships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, the Senate and the Assembly passed the bill without any opposition. Now — will LeBron be there for the bill signing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 44: \u003c/strong>Anti-fur advocates have long sought a ban on killing animals for their fur. And if Newsom signs this bill, which he said he will in a tweet, California will become the first state in the nation to ban the creation of new fur products. Republican critics said the state was once again telling Californians what they can and cannot do (the nanny state argument) and that it was disrespectful to Native Americans, whose cultures value fur. The mink, rabbit and coyote communities are no doubt pleased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1505\u003c/strong> seeks to more closely regulate California’s 1,300 charter schools. It would allow school districts to consider the impact to the community and the neighborhood schools when reviewing applications for new or expanded charter schools. It would require charter school teachers to be credentialed and establishes a two-year moratorium on non-classroom based charter schools. The legislation has been sent to Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 313:\u003c/strong> Another victory for furry citizens of California, this bill would ban the use of wild animals in circus acts, including bears, elephants, tigers and monkeys. If signed by Newsom, California will become the third state after New Jersey and Hawaii to enact such a ban.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "From crackdowns on fake medical exemptions for schoolchildren's vaccinations to reducing the use of force among law enforcement agencies, here is some of the notable legislation from lawmakers this year.",
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"title": "What Passed? What Didn't? Catch Up With the California Legislature as Session Ends | KQED",
"description": "From crackdowns on fake medical exemptions for schoolchildren's vaccinations to reducing the use of force among law enforcement agencies, here is some of the notable legislation from lawmakers this year.",
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"headline": "What Passed? What Didn't? Catch Up With the California Legislature as Session Ends",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The final day of session for the California State Legislature was disrupted late Friday afternoon when a woman in the Senate gallery \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/0ff009de977741e0abdd8568d9d80a29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tossed\u003c/a> what the California Highway Patrol said was a substance that “appeared to be blood” onto the Senate floor while yelling “That’s for the dead babies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>East Bay Sen. Steve Glazer (D-Orinda) said the liquid landed on his head and splashed onto five other senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman, identified as 43-year-old Rebecca Dalelio of Santa Cruz County, is linked to some of the anti-vaccine protesters demonstrating in recent weeks over the passage of Senate Bills 276 and 714 aimed at tightening up medical exemptions for children’s vaccines. She was arrested and charged with assault, vandalism and disrupting the business at hand in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CHP cordoned off the Senate, forcing lawmakers, media and others to move into a committee room to finish its business hours later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are some of the highlights from this legislative session, including bills that have already been signed into law, are awaiting signature or are in limbo until next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Children’s Issues\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 378:\u003c/strong> In-home child care providers would be allowed to unionize under this measure. Supporters said unionizing could give child care workers a voice and encourage them to stay in the industry. The bill has made it through the Legislature. Several similar bills have either died or been vetoed by governors in the past. But supporters are hoping this measure will be signed by Governor Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 337/AB 1092:\u003c/strong> Lawmakers sent Newsom two bills aimed at making sure more low-income kids in California benefit from child support payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, a quarter of a million California families only receive $50 a month in child support payments, even if the non-custodial parent is paying hundreds of dollars more each month in child support. This happens when a family is also receiving government assistance, like welfare or Medi-Cal. The government takes the rest of the money to repay the public for the cost of those safety net programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And parents that fail to pay their required child support on time see huge interest added to those debts — 10% a year. In addition to the crippling debt that racks up, parents can also lose their driver’s license, or go to jail if they fall too far behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two bills now on Newsom’s desk would change that: Oakland Sen. Nancy Skinner’s SB337 will increase the amount of child support paid to families on welfare assistance. Families with one child will get $100 a month under the bill; families with two or more kids will receive $200 a month. And AB 1092 will end the practice of adding interest to child support debt. Both bills, if signed by Newsom, will take effect in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Health\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 24:\u003c/strong> State lawmakers have passed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11772337/california-again-considers-making-abortion-pills-available-at-public-colleges\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bill\u003c/a> that would require student health centers at all 34 state campuses to provide medication abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the measure becomes law, it will be the first of its kind in the U.S. The bill’s supporters say they want to remove the obstacles women face accessing medical abortion off campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a consortium of women’s groups that support abortion rights has promised to pay for all the required ultrasound equipment and upfront training costs of providing the abortion pill on campus, eventually universities would likely need to dip into tax dollars or student fees for ongoing costs — which abortion opponents object to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 276/SB 714:\u003c/strong> California Gov. Gavin Newsom signed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11773308/anti-vaccine-protesters-swarm-capitol-as-lawmakers-pass-bill-limiting-medical-exemptions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pair of bills\u003c/a> into law earlier this week to crack down on doctors who write fraudulent medical exemptions for schoolchildren’s vaccinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news laws would create state oversight of medical exemptions for vaccines required by most schools and day care centers in California. Under them, the state would begin collecting medical exemptions electronically by Jan. 1, 2021. But health department officials would review them only when a school’s immunization rate falls below 95% or when a doctor writes more than five medical exemptions per year (beginning in 2020).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The laws would also allow officials to revoke any medical exemptions written by doctors who have faced disciplinary action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since being introduced last year, hundreds of parents have protested the legislation, insisting it would disrupt confidential doctor-patient relationships and scare doctors from writing new exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 343:\u003c/strong> Under legislation signed into law last week, Kaiser Permanente will have to share more information — like other insurers do — on revenue and expenses at each of its facilities, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/article234806097.html#storylink=cpy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Sacramento Bee\u003c/a> reported. The legislation was introduced on behalf of Kaiser’s largest union, the Service Employees International Union, which has been in contract negotiations for roughly a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Housing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1482\u003c/strong> marks the biggest victory for California renter protections in decades. It would create a statewide limit on rent increases of 5% plus inflation, and requires that landlords provide a “just cause” when evicting tenants who have been renting for a year. The limits on rent hikes don’t go nearly as far as local rent control laws in places like San Francisco and Oakland, but it would cover millions of Californians whose units don’t already have such protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure exempts units under 15 years old, but it was opposed by real estate agents who argued that the legislation would discourage construction of rental housing. Newsom has committed to signing the bill, which will sunset after 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1487\u003c/strong>, which has been sent to Newsom, would allow for a Bay Area regional ballot measure to raise money for affordable housing. Previous measures on ballots in the nine counties have raised taxes to pay for transportation and bay restoration. The executive board of the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) would decide what form a potential revenue-raising measure would take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 330\u003c/strong>, which has been sent to Newsom, would prohibit local governments from downzoning by either placing a moratorium on development or lowering the number of housing units permitted. It also would speed up the permitting process for development. The provision sunsets after five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Law Enforcement\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 22\u003c/strong> requires prompt testing of newly collected rape kits in Califonia. Under the bill, new rape kits must be submitted for testing within 20 days and actually tested with 120 days. The bill’s author, Senator Connie Leyva (D-Chino) says the measure would help solve crimes and prevent testing backlogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Survivors should never have to wait years or even decades for their rape kits to be tested and it is outrageous that collected evidence could ever sit on a shelf untested,” Leyva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 230 \u003c/strong>is meant to reduce the use of force among law enforcement agencies. Governor Newsom has signed it into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law requires agencies to maintain a policy providing guidelines on the use of force. That policy must also include de-escalation techniques and other alternatives to force, and specific guidelines for when deadly force can be used. In addition, the agencies’ policies must include a way to evaluate and review all use- of-force incidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 230\u003c/strong> is meant to be used in conjunction with \u003cstrong>AB 392\u003c/strong>, which Newsom signed into law in August. It states law enforcement can use deadly force only when “necessary,” rather than just “reasonable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 61\u003c/strong> would expand the scope of people able to request a gun violence restraining order against a person they believe is a danger to themselves or others. Currently, only immediate family members and police are allowed to make a request. This measure would allow employers, co-workers, schoolteachers and employees to request a restraining order as well. The legislation has been sent to Newsom for his signature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1215\u003c/strong> places a three-year ban on the use of facial recognition technology on body cameras by the state and local law enforcement agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill was supported by the ACLU, which said the technology is not ready for prime time. To prove its point, the ACLU entered photos of all 120 state legislators into a database of mugshots. The software incorrectly identified 26 of the lawmakers as criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and Oakland have already passed similar legislation. The bill has been sent to Newsom for his signature.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Prisons\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 32\u003c/strong> would ban the use of private for-profit prisons and detention centers in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill author Rob Bonta (D-Oakland) said there’s no room for the facilities in the state. “California should not be home to companies that are profiteering from the tearing of innocent children from their families. This is inhumane and goes against who we are as Californians and Americans,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the measure would reduce the state’s options for dealing with prison overcrowding and put more pressure on local jails to hold dangerous inmates. The legislation has been sent to Newsom for his signature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 132,\u003c/strong> which would allow transgender prisoners in the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) to be housed according to their gender identity, and not their sex assigned at birth, will be carried over to the next session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California would be the third state in the nation to pass such legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s sponsor, Sen. Scott Wiener of San Francisco, said the coalition supporting the legislation had decided to make it a two-year bill so they could “come to a solution that works for” the community, CDCR and Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Transgender people in our prison system are among the most marginalized people in society, and we must protect them,” he said Friday in a statement. “Over the fall recess, I will join community leaders to visit several state prisons to meet with transgender people who are incarcerated there. This listening tour will help us craft the best legislation possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 136\u003c/strong> is part of a larger push in California to roll back tough on crime laws that helped pack prisons and jails to the brim and resulted in ballooning corrections spending in the Golden State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would end the practice of automatically adding an extra year to a defendant’s sentence if they had previously served time for a felony. Wiener said 11,000 people currently in prison have this extra year tacked on at a cost of $80,000 a year. State officials estimate that the change would save taxpayers $80 million a year. The legislation has passed the Legislature and is heading to the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Environment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 792\u003c/strong> would establish a minimum level of recycled content – 50% – in plastic bottles by 2035. On Monday, Assemblyman Phil Ting introduced another bill, \u003cstrong>AB 54\u003c/strong>, to bring temporary relief to cities feeling the bite from the sudden closure of recycling centers across the state. The bill provides $10 million for recycling centers and gives grocers a reprieve from paying some recycling fees. Both bills passed the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 1\u003c/strong> is aimed at blunting any weakening of federal environmental laws in California by the Trump Administration. It was sent to Gov. Newsom early Saturday morning with strong backing from environmental groups, despite vigorous objections from Sen. Dianne Feinstein and some water groups who warned against creating two sets of environmental standards. If signed by the governor (or allowed to take effect without his signature) it would replace any federal environmental regulation (Clean Power Plan, Endangered Species Act, etc.) with a state alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1080 and SB 54:\u003c/strong> The legislative session ended without passage of the bills, which would have enacted the strongest plastic pollution rules in the U.S. The bills are eligible to be considered next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan required plastics manufacturers to take responsibility for the fate of their products — from coffee cup lids to takeout boxes to plastic packaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses would have had to ensure that plastic forks, for example, are recyclable or face a potential ban. If the bill had passed, all of the state’s single-use plastic utensils would need to be recyclable or compostable by 2030, and companies must reduce waste from plastic packaging by 75%.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 160:\u003c/strong> This bill mandates that counties include “cultural competence” into emergency plans. It’s partially a response to elderly and non-English-speaking residents who missed emergency alerts during the state’s recent wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, which has been sent to Newsom for his signature, calls for local communities to hold public forums that represent residents of many backgrounds when counties plan their emergency protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 520\u003c/strong> would give utilities like PG&E the designation of “provider of last resort” in the areas they serve. Utilities already enjoy that privilege in practice, but the law sponsored by Sen. Robert Hertzberg would enshrine it in the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the bill could limit the options that cities and counties have to wrest control from utilities and run them municipally, and limit opportunities for community choice aggregation just as they are starting to thrive. The legislation has been sent to Newsom for his signature.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Other Notable Bills\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 206:\u003c/strong> NBA icon LeBron James threw his weight behind SB 206, the “Fair Pay to Play” bill by East Bay Sen. Nancy Skinner that would allow student-athletes at all four-year colleges in California to sign endorsement deals and receive compensation for the use of their names, images or likenesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But NCAA President Mark Emmert wrote in a letter to Newsom that signing the legislation could make it “impossible to host fair national championships.” He also implied that if the bill became law, athletes at California schools could be barred from competing in NCAA national championships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, the Senate and the Assembly passed the bill without any opposition. Now — will LeBron be there for the bill signing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 44: \u003c/strong>Anti-fur advocates have long sought a ban on killing animals for their fur. And if Newsom signs this bill, which he said he will in a tweet, California will become the first state in the nation to ban the creation of new fur products. Republican critics said the state was once again telling Californians what they can and cannot do (the nanny state argument) and that it was disrespectful to Native Americans, whose cultures value fur. The mink, rabbit and coyote communities are no doubt pleased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AB 1505\u003c/strong> seeks to more closely regulate California’s 1,300 charter schools. It would allow school districts to consider the impact to the community and the neighborhood schools when reviewing applications for new or expanded charter schools. It would require charter school teachers to be credentialed and establishes a two-year moratorium on non-classroom based charter schools. The legislation has been sent to Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 313:\u003c/strong> Another victory for furry citizens of California, this bill would ban the use of wild animals in circus acts, including bears, elephants, tigers and monkeys. If signed by Newsom, California will become the third state after New Jersey and Hawaii to enact such a ban.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "can-a-catholic-hospital-deny-a-hysterectomy-to-a-transgender-man-california-court-to-decide",
"title": "Can a Catholic Hospital Deny a Hysterectomy to a Transgender Man? California Court to Decide",
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"headTitle": "Can a Catholic Hospital Deny a Hysterectomy to a Transgender Man? California Court to Decide | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>It was two days before Evan Minton was scheduled to have a hysterectomy. The nurse from Mercy San Juan Medical Center near Sacramento called to go over the pre-op instructions. Minton told the nurse he’s transgender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just let them know, ‘Hey, I go by he, him and his pronouns. Just wanted to give you a heads-up,’ ” Minton recalled explaining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, the hospital canceled the surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was devastated,” said Minton. “Because it was based on who I am — and I had struggled for years and years and years to come to terms with who I am. It hit me to my core.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Minton sued the hospital for discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Barry Landsberg, an attorney representing Dignity Health']‘This is not gender discrimination. This is religious observance.’[/pullquote]Dignity Health, the hospital chain that runs Mercy and 30 other hospitals in California, said in legal documents that performing the surgery conflicts with its Catholic directives, which prohibit elective sterilizations or the removal of a “healthy uterus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A Catholic hospital cannot be Catholic if it violates its ethical and religious directives,” said Barry Landsberg, an attorney with Manatt, Phelps & Phillips representing Dignity Health, during a hearing before the state Court of Appeal in San Francisco on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, there was no harm done, the hospital’s attorneys argued, because Minton got his 2016 surgery three days after his scheduled appointment at one of Dignity’s non-Catholic hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lower court agreed, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/docs/2017.11.17_Order_Sustain_Demurrer_to_1st_Am_Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ruling in favor\u003c/a> of the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But attorneys from the ACLU representing Minton say that decision was a mistake and appealed. They argued to the appellate justices that this case was different from a Catholic hospital’s religious objections to providing abortion, for example, because the hospital routinely performs hysterectomies on women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sending a trans man to a different hospital for the same care is just as illegal as requiring black people to sit in a different part of a theater or to drink from a separate water fountain, they argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That kind of treatment, of ‘Well, we cannot treat you here, but we’ll treat you somewhere else,’ really undermines the purpose of full and equal access,” said Elizabeth Gill, senior staff attorney with the ACLU of Northern California, which is also representing \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/news/aclu-sues-st-joseph-health-discrimination-against-transgender-patient\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">another trans man\u003c/a> who was denied a hysterectomy at St. Joseph’s Catholic hospital in Eureka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many rural parts of California, Gill said, the Catholic hospital is the only game in town — leaving trans people no alternatives for care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although Dignity Health happens to have a non-Catholic hospital in Sacramento, it doesn’t in most parts of the state,” Gill said. “And certainly as entities like Dignity Health eat up a significantly greater share of our health care market, that’s going to be increasingly true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Elizabeth Gill, ACLU of Northern California']‘That kind of treatment of, ‘Well, we cannot treat you here, but we’ll treat you somewhere else,’ really undermines the purpose of full and equal access.’[/pullquote]Dignity Health operates in 21 states and runs 31 hospitals in California. Earlier this year, the chain\u003ca href=\"https://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20190201/NEWS/190209994/catholic-health-initiatives-dignity-health-combine-to-form-commonspirit-health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> joined forces\u003c/a> with Catholic Health Initiatives, making it the fifth-largest health system in the country, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dignityhealth.org/about-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dignity’s website\u003c/a>. It is one of a series of mergers and acquisitions among the state’s faith-based hospital chains in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is why Minton’s attorneys argued over and over during the appeal hearing that the discrimination against him occurred the moment the hospital denied his surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Regardless of what happened after, that’s the problem,” Gill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dignity Health’s lawyers used different terms for what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not gender discrimination. This is religious observance,” Landsberg told the justices. “This is about tolerance and respect for religion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital is bound by Catholic directives on care, which obliges all Catholic hospitals “to preserve the functional integrity of the human body,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/docs/2019.02.14_Respondent's_Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">legal documents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interpreting California’s civil rights law to require Mercy hospital “to perform medical procedures prohibited by Catholic doctrine would severely burden Catholic health care’s ability to express its message about human dignity,” Landsberg wrote in \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/docs/2019.02.14_Respondent's_Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his brief\u003c/a> to the appellate court, and which he reiterated during oral argument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='transgender' label='More Coverage']The case was heard by a panel of three appeals court justices: Justice Tracie Brown, Justice Alison Tucher and Presiding Justice Stuart Pollak, all of whom repeatedly challenged Landsberg’s reasoning during the hearing. They sometimes borrowed the ACLU’s arguments to frame their questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pointed out that Mercy routinely performed hysterectomies on women for chronic pelvic pain or uterine fibroids, and that Minton’s doctors ordered his hysterectomy as treatment for his gender dysphoria, which his attorneys described as a serious medical condition “inextricably intertwined with Minton’s gender identity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three times, Justice Pollak asked Landsberg to confirm he was arguing that the hospital’s actions did not violate the state’s civil rights law. The third time Landsberg answered no, there was no violation, Pollak dropped his chin in his hand, furrowed his brow and rubbed his jawline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your honor, I can see you’re rolling your eyes at me,” Landsberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Evan Minton, who says he was denied a hysterectomy because he is transgender']‘It’s so wrong for a hospital system to pick and choose who they provide care to, particularly for such a vulnerable and sensitive population.’[/pullquote]Attorneys for Minton say it’s impossible to predict anything about what the justices will decide, based on their questioning. The appeals court has 90 days to issue its ruling, either upholding the opinion in favor of the hospital or sending the case back to the trial court for further fact-finding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Minton, who lives in Sacramento, left the hearing hopeful and optimistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made me feel great, because from my lay person’s perspective, the judges could see that [Dignity] denies care to transgender people,” Minton said. “I think it’s so wrong for a hospital system to pick and choose who they provide care to, particularly for such a vulnerable and sensitive population.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Evan Minton says Dignity Health's refusing his surgery was discrimination. The hospital says it's religious observance. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It was two days before Evan Minton was scheduled to have a hysterectomy. The nurse from Mercy San Juan Medical Center near Sacramento called to go over the pre-op instructions. Minton told the nurse he’s transgender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just let them know, ‘Hey, I go by he, him and his pronouns. Just wanted to give you a heads-up,’ ” Minton recalled explaining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, the hospital canceled the surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was devastated,” said Minton. “Because it was based on who I am — and I had struggled for years and years and years to come to terms with who I am. It hit me to my core.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Minton sued the hospital for discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Dignity Health, the hospital chain that runs Mercy and 30 other hospitals in California, said in legal documents that performing the surgery conflicts with its Catholic directives, which prohibit elective sterilizations or the removal of a “healthy uterus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A Catholic hospital cannot be Catholic if it violates its ethical and religious directives,” said Barry Landsberg, an attorney with Manatt, Phelps & Phillips representing Dignity Health, during a hearing before the state Court of Appeal in San Francisco on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, there was no harm done, the hospital’s attorneys argued, because Minton got his 2016 surgery three days after his scheduled appointment at one of Dignity’s non-Catholic hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lower court agreed, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/docs/2017.11.17_Order_Sustain_Demurrer_to_1st_Am_Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ruling in favor\u003c/a> of the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But attorneys from the ACLU representing Minton say that decision was a mistake and appealed. They argued to the appellate justices that this case was different from a Catholic hospital’s religious objections to providing abortion, for example, because the hospital routinely performs hysterectomies on women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sending a trans man to a different hospital for the same care is just as illegal as requiring black people to sit in a different part of a theater or to drink from a separate water fountain, they argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That kind of treatment, of ‘Well, we cannot treat you here, but we’ll treat you somewhere else,’ really undermines the purpose of full and equal access,” said Elizabeth Gill, senior staff attorney with the ACLU of Northern California, which is also representing \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/news/aclu-sues-st-joseph-health-discrimination-against-transgender-patient\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">another trans man\u003c/a> who was denied a hysterectomy at St. Joseph’s Catholic hospital in Eureka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many rural parts of California, Gill said, the Catholic hospital is the only game in town — leaving trans people no alternatives for care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although Dignity Health happens to have a non-Catholic hospital in Sacramento, it doesn’t in most parts of the state,” Gill said. “And certainly as entities like Dignity Health eat up a significantly greater share of our health care market, that’s going to be increasingly true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Dignity Health operates in 21 states and runs 31 hospitals in California. Earlier this year, the chain\u003ca href=\"https://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20190201/NEWS/190209994/catholic-health-initiatives-dignity-health-combine-to-form-commonspirit-health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> joined forces\u003c/a> with Catholic Health Initiatives, making it the fifth-largest health system in the country, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dignityhealth.org/about-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dignity’s website\u003c/a>. It is one of a series of mergers and acquisitions among the state’s faith-based hospital chains in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is why Minton’s attorneys argued over and over during the appeal hearing that the discrimination against him occurred the moment the hospital denied his surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Regardless of what happened after, that’s the problem,” Gill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dignity Health’s lawyers used different terms for what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not gender discrimination. This is religious observance,” Landsberg told the justices. “This is about tolerance and respect for religion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital is bound by Catholic directives on care, which obliges all Catholic hospitals “to preserve the functional integrity of the human body,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/docs/2019.02.14_Respondent's_Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">legal documents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interpreting California’s civil rights law to require Mercy hospital “to perform medical procedures prohibited by Catholic doctrine would severely burden Catholic health care’s ability to express its message about human dignity,” Landsberg wrote in \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/docs/2019.02.14_Respondent's_Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his brief\u003c/a> to the appellate court, and which he reiterated during oral argument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The case was heard by a panel of three appeals court justices: Justice Tracie Brown, Justice Alison Tucher and Presiding Justice Stuart Pollak, all of whom repeatedly challenged Landsberg’s reasoning during the hearing. They sometimes borrowed the ACLU’s arguments to frame their questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pointed out that Mercy routinely performed hysterectomies on women for chronic pelvic pain or uterine fibroids, and that Minton’s doctors ordered his hysterectomy as treatment for his gender dysphoria, which his attorneys described as a serious medical condition “inextricably intertwined with Minton’s gender identity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three times, Justice Pollak asked Landsberg to confirm he was arguing that the hospital’s actions did not violate the state’s civil rights law. The third time Landsberg answered no, there was no violation, Pollak dropped his chin in his hand, furrowed his brow and rubbed his jawline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your honor, I can see you’re rolling your eyes at me,” Landsberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco’s police chief apologized Monday for the way the department historically treated LGBTQ people and for “the harm that was caused.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unless the wrongs of the past are acknowledged and dealt with appropriately, our past will continue to put a stain on the present and on our future,” Chief William Scott said during a “Reflection and Reconciliation Session” aimed at increasing trust between the LGBTQ community and police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forum was hosted by the San Francisco Police Department and GLIDE Memorial Church, which also provides a number of social services and programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/GLIDEChurch/status/1166185555522015234\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A police department release said input from the forum and other planned “listening sessions” will move the department “forward in ways that emphasize respect, safety and diversity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"arts_11838357\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/07/Drag-demonstrationCOVER-1180x664.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event also marked the 53rd anniversary of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/11838357/in-66-on-one-hot-august-night-trans-women-fought-for-their-rights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the riot at Compton’s Cafeteria in the Tenderloin\u003c/a> when police tried to arrest a transgender woman and were met with resistance by a community tired of harassment. The 1966 confrontation was three years before New York’s famous Stonewall riots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically, police were also known for beating gay men in the Castro district and arresting transgender women simply for wearing dresses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I and the men and women of this police department are truly sorry,” Scott told the audience at the GLIDE Memorial Church. “We are sorry for what happened. We are sorry for our role in it. And we are sorry for the harm that it caused.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LeeHepner/status/1166214265696423941\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scott agreed to meet with LGBTQ community members after a Pride Parade march in July was disrupted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11758329/sf-pride-parade-briefly-halted-by-anti-police-anti-corporate-protest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">protesters opposed to a police and corporate presence\u003c/a>. According to authorities, about 40 people interrupted the parade for around an hour and two people were arrested after protesters broke down barricades and threw water bottles at police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday night, some people at the session asked whether the police department would agree not to have uniformed officers march in the Pride Parade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cmdr. Teresa Ewins, a lesbian, said it was important “for kids to see us,” to show the LGBTQ presence in the department, the San Francisco Examiner \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/sf-police-chief-apologizes-for-historic-abuse-against-transgender-community/\">reported.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11758329\"]“Many of us joined to make a difference,” she said. “It’s a special day for me as well as everyone in the department who is LGBT.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some speakers also said more work needs to be done to reconcile police and the LGBTQ community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anubis Daugherty, 25, said he was homeless for six years and police sweeps of homeless communities disproportionately affected LGBTQ people who are a significant portion of homeless and impoverished people in the Tenderloin, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/sf-police-chief-apologizes-for-historic-abuse-against-transgender-community/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Examiner reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was born here, I was raised here,” Daugherty said. “If you want to truly apologize for something you have to stop what you’re doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>California school districts would be required to update their records to reflect the names and genders of graduates who have changed them since getting their diplomas under a bill approved by state lawmakers on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure lawmakers sent to Gov. Gavin Newsom is intended to particularly help transgender graduates or those who identify themselves as having no gender, said San Francisco Assemblyman David Chiu, co-author of \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB711\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AB 711\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='transgender' label='Related Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those graduates already often face discrimination and their efforts to find jobs can be affected if their student records don’t reflect their legal name, he said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Old records can also inadvertently reveal that a graduate is transgender when they have not otherwise made their transition public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California law protects current transgender students from discrimination, but Chiu said some schools have been reluctant to issue new diplomas to graduates who have transitioned or come out as transgender or nonbinary after leaving school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His bill requires school districts to update those former students’ diplomas, GEDs or transcripts upon request. That would include changing all references to the graduate’s previous name or gender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While this is a real problem that can negatively impact transgender and nonbinary Californians when applying for jobs or school, the overall cost of implementing this bill will be relatively minor,” Chiu said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]The bill requires school districts to update former students’ diplomas, GEDs or transcripts upon request.[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was no formal opposition to the bill, including from school organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Transgender Law Center and Equality California sought the requirement. Equality California Executive Director Rick Zbur said in a statement that requiring academic records to accurately reflect a student’s legal name and gender “is just plain common sense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill passed both the Senate and Assembly with no negative votes, though Republican lawmakers withheld their votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
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