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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Updated July 17, 2020, 2:30 p.m. PST:\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.mdd.403497/gov.uscourts.mdd.403497.97.0.pdf\">ruled\u003c/a> Friday that the Trump administration must accept new applications for the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program from young undocumented immigrants who never before had DACA’s protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following last month's Supreme Court decision that the administration’s attempt to end the program was unlawful, the judge in Maryland said DACA must be restored to its status before President Donald Trump moved to end it in September 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That opens the door for more than 300,000 unauthorized immigrants brought to the U.S. as children to apply for DACA’s two-year work permit and protection from deportation. New applicants would join the nearly 650,000 current DACA holders, who are entitled to renew their protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling was welcomed by California Attorney General Xavier Becerra, who led a coalition of states in suing the federal government to preserve the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the Supreme Court down, the courts have made it clear: DACA stands, and now its doors are open to new Dreamers to apply,” Becerra said in a statement. “I urge all Dreamers to enter DACA.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Original Story: \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kassandra Merlos, 24, is ready to apply to the federal government for a work permit and protection from deportation under Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, something she’s been barred from for almost three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Riverside student decided to try for DACA after a U.S. Supreme Court ruling last month preserved the program, which benefits undocumented immigrants brought to this country as children. She had intended to apply in the fall of 2017, she said, but the Trump administration rescinded the protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would help me so much because not only I could work and provide for myself, but I could help my parents as well financially,” Merlos said, who has lived in California since age 3. “I've been struggling, not being able to work.” [aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"more coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a 5-4 ruling, the Supreme Court said the Trump administration did not follow the law when it tried to end DACA. Lower courts had forced the government to process DACA renewals while the case was litigated, but did not require officials to accept new applications from people like Merlos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the June 18 decision however, at least \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/press/release/2020/07/13/487538/release-trump-administration-must-immediately-resume-processing-new-daca-applications-new-cap-column-argues/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">300,000\u003c/a> young immigrants, who meet the requirements for DACA but have never held the protections, are now eligible to apply, according to legal scholars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nearly a month after the high court ruled, the federal agency in charge of handling immigration applications, has not publicly said how or whether it will accept new DACA requests. That has incensed Democratic lawmakers and sowed uncertainty among young immigrants who have waited, sometimes for years, to benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has begun rejecting new petitions, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/transcripts/891563635\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Departments of Justice and Homeland Security are continuing to review the Supreme Court ruling, said a USCIS spokesperson this week. The agency referred KQED to a defiant statement by a top official issued the day after the justices’ decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “court opinion has no basis in law and merely delays the President’s lawful ability to end the illegal Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals amnesty program,” said USCIS Deputy Director for Policy Joseph Edlow in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.uscis.gov/news/news-releases/uscis-statement-supreme-courts-daca-decision\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statement\u003c/a>. “The constitutionality of this de facto amnesty program created by the Obama administration has been widely questioned since its inception.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Thursday, the USCIS website said the agency is only accepting DACA renewal applications. [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose Rep. Zoe Lofgren, who chairs the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration and Citizenship, said the agency must immediately begin processing new DACA applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a lawless administration, I mean it’s a shocking thing,” Lofgren said, an immigration attorney. “They are not adhering to the ruling of the United States Supreme Court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luis Perez, legal director at the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights in Los Angeles (CHIRLA) said his organization is weighing a lawsuit to force the Trump administration to comply. His legal team submitted a new DACA petition on behalf of a client the same day of the Supreme Court ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While USCIS usually notifies applicants it has received their petition within two weeks, the client still hasn’t heard back from the agency, nearly a month later, said Perez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHIRLA is assisting more than a hundred first-time DACA applicants prepare their petitions, Perez said. But he’s recommending they wait to see what happens with the first application he turned in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it is a very difficult time. Things are up in the air,” Perez said. “There's not a lot of guidance from anywhere. And people are just waiting, unfortunately, to hear better news. And we still haven't got that.” [pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Kassandra Merlos']'We grew up here. This is our home now ... It's like: Why can we not become U.S. citizens?'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncertainty over DACA comes as USCIS is preparing to furlough 13,400 employees, or 70% of the agency’s staff — a move that is widely expected to delay the processing of immigration benefits, including DACA. Officials with USCIS, which relies on application fees to fund most of its operations, told Congress they’ve seen a 50% drop in revenue because of the pandemic, and they need a $1.2 billion bailout to avoid the furloughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=about_15238 label='Take Our Survey']Some undocumented young people who’ve considered applying for DACA are getting fed up with waiting for a chance to legally work and pursue their goals in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zara Diaz, 18, who attended UC Santa Barbara, said she has decided to move to Canada and pursue her studies there. Diaz has lived in the Bay Area city of Fremont since she was a toddler, but she doesn’t want her future to depend on the roller coaster ride of immigration politics in the U.S., she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like they are playing tug of war with you,” said Diaz, referring to President Obama’s creation of DACA in 2012 and President Trump’s efforts to rescind the program. She said she’s left unsure how the program will fare under future administrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merlos, the UC Riverside student, said she remains hopeful DACA’s temporary protections will one day lead to a pathway to citizenship for hundreds of thousands of young people like her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We grew up here. This is our home now,” Merlos said. “It's like: Why can we not become U.S. citizens?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tyche Hendricks contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Updated July 17, 2020, 2:30 p.m. PST:\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.mdd.403497/gov.uscourts.mdd.403497.97.0.pdf\">ruled\u003c/a> Friday that the Trump administration must accept new applications for the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program from young undocumented immigrants who never before had DACA’s protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following last month's Supreme Court decision that the administration’s attempt to end the program was unlawful, the judge in Maryland said DACA must be restored to its status before President Donald Trump moved to end it in September 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That opens the door for more than 300,000 unauthorized immigrants brought to the U.S. as children to apply for DACA’s two-year work permit and protection from deportation. New applicants would join the nearly 650,000 current DACA holders, who are entitled to renew their protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling was welcomed by California Attorney General Xavier Becerra, who led a coalition of states in suing the federal government to preserve the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the Supreme Court down, the courts have made it clear: DACA stands, and now its doors are open to new Dreamers to apply,” Becerra said in a statement. “I urge all Dreamers to enter DACA.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Original Story: \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kassandra Merlos, 24, is ready to apply to the federal government for a work permit and protection from deportation under Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, something she’s been barred from for almost three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Riverside student decided to try for DACA after a U.S. Supreme Court ruling last month preserved the program, which benefits undocumented immigrants brought to this country as children. She had intended to apply in the fall of 2017, she said, but the Trump administration rescinded the protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would help me so much because not only I could work and provide for myself, but I could help my parents as well financially,” Merlos said, who has lived in California since age 3. “I've been struggling, not being able to work.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a 5-4 ruling, the Supreme Court said the Trump administration did not follow the law when it tried to end DACA. Lower courts had forced the government to process DACA renewals while the case was litigated, but did not require officials to accept new applications from people like Merlos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the June 18 decision however, at least \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/press/release/2020/07/13/487538/release-trump-administration-must-immediately-resume-processing-new-daca-applications-new-cap-column-argues/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">300,000\u003c/a> young immigrants, who meet the requirements for DACA but have never held the protections, are now eligible to apply, according to legal scholars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nearly a month after the high court ruled, the federal agency in charge of handling immigration applications, has not publicly said how or whether it will accept new DACA requests. That has incensed Democratic lawmakers and sowed uncertainty among young immigrants who have waited, sometimes for years, to benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has begun rejecting new petitions, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/transcripts/891563635\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Departments of Justice and Homeland Security are continuing to review the Supreme Court ruling, said a USCIS spokesperson this week. The agency referred KQED to a defiant statement by a top official issued the day after the justices’ decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “court opinion has no basis in law and merely delays the President’s lawful ability to end the illegal Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals amnesty program,” said USCIS Deputy Director for Policy Joseph Edlow in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.uscis.gov/news/news-releases/uscis-statement-supreme-courts-daca-decision\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">statement\u003c/a>. “The constitutionality of this de facto amnesty program created by the Obama administration has been widely questioned since its inception.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Thursday, the USCIS website said the agency is only accepting DACA renewal applications. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose Rep. Zoe Lofgren, who chairs the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration and Citizenship, said the agency must immediately begin processing new DACA applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a lawless administration, I mean it’s a shocking thing,” Lofgren said, an immigration attorney. “They are not adhering to the ruling of the United States Supreme Court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luis Perez, legal director at the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights in Los Angeles (CHIRLA) said his organization is weighing a lawsuit to force the Trump administration to comply. His legal team submitted a new DACA petition on behalf of a client the same day of the Supreme Court ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While USCIS usually notifies applicants it has received their petition within two weeks, the client still hasn’t heard back from the agency, nearly a month later, said Perez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHIRLA is assisting more than a hundred first-time DACA applicants prepare their petitions, Perez said. But he’s recommending they wait to see what happens with the first application he turned in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it is a very difficult time. Things are up in the air,” Perez said. “There's not a lot of guidance from anywhere. And people are just waiting, unfortunately, to hear better news. And we still haven't got that.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Some undocumented young people who’ve considered applying for DACA are getting fed up with waiting for a chance to legally work and pursue their goals in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zara Diaz, 18, who attended UC Santa Barbara, said she has decided to move to Canada and pursue her studies there. Diaz has lived in the Bay Area city of Fremont since she was a toddler, but she doesn’t want her future to depend on the roller coaster ride of immigration politics in the U.S., she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like they are playing tug of war with you,” said Diaz, referring to President Obama’s creation of DACA in 2012 and President Trump’s efforts to rescind the program. She said she’s left unsure how the program will fare under future administrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merlos, the UC Riverside student, said she remains hopeful DACA’s temporary protections will one day lead to a pathway to citizenship for hundreds of thousands of young people like her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We grew up here. This is our home now,” Merlos said. “It's like: Why can we not become U.S. citizens?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tyche Hendricks contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For thousands of young immigrants across California who have relied on temporary protection from deportation under the Obama-era Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling Thursday blocking the Trump administration’s effort to end DACA was a cause for rejoicing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re very excited. We’re celebrating,” said San Diego attorney Dulce García, 37, a lead plaintiff in one of several lawsuits before the court arguing that the way the administration moved to end DACA in 2017 was arbitrary and capricious. “A big weight has been lifted off our shoulders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sacramento, Robert Núñez, 25, an advocate with the nonprofit Latino Coalition for a Healthy California, said on hearing the news he felt “a sigh of relief, an immense feeling of victory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz resident Adrian Escárate, 31, communications coordinator for the immigrant advocacy group Define American, said of the years of waiting for a court decision, “It has been a whirlwind, a roller coaster. It’s pretty surreal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The celebrating didn’t last long. In a matter of hours, DACA recipients and their supporters were beginning to organize for a more permanent path to legal status in the country where they’ve come of age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825090/supreme-court-rules-against-trump-administration-in-daca-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">5-4 opinion\u003c/a>, written by Chief Justice John Roberts, didn’t defend DACA itself, it merely said the government had failed to follow proper procedures in ending it, suggesting that the Department of Homeland Security could try again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the 650,000 people with DACA — 185,000 of them in California — retain their protection and work authorization. It also appears that the government must again accept first-time applications, and more than 60,000 undocumented teenagers who were brought to the U.S. as children can now apply because they’ve \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/archive/consideration-deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-daca#guidelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reached the application age of 15\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates in a video press conference Thursday said they plan to push for legislation that would offer permanent protection for all 11 million undocumented immigrants in the U.S. — something that will require action by the U.S. Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that the DACA program was first created by President Barack Obama in 2012 is a testament to the persistent and savvy activism of Dreamers, young undocumented immigrants who’ve spent most of their lives in this country, said José Muñoz, communications manager for United We Dream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was undocumented young people who were courageous and fearless, pushing Obama to act,” said Muñoz. A DACA recipient from Mexico, he has lived in the U.S. since he was a 3-month-old infant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muñoz said the massive, spontaneous Black Lives Matter protests of recent weeks are a new source of inspiration to immigrant advocates, who see common ground in the search for racial justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a lot of fire in this moment,” he said. “We’re seeing people taking to the streets … led by Black people who are demanding a defunding of the police. We’re seeing the spirit of people coming together saying enough is enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Central American Resource Center in San Francisco, Director Lariza Dugan-Cuadra said her primary concern is to explain the Supreme Court ruling to the roughly 400 DACA recipients the nonprofit assists, and ensure that they take steps to renew their DACA status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“First we’re all taking a deep breath,” said Dugan-Cuadra. “It’s just nice to have good news.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, she said, her group is building alliances to advocate for a path to citizenship for Dreamers and other undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time the DREAM Act was introduced in Congress was 2001. It had bipartisan support then. And today, large majorities of Americans — including 69% of Trump voters in a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2020/06/17/trump-supporters-dreamers-poll-323432\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Politico poll\u003c/a> — say Dreamers should be allowed to stay in the U.S. legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the House of Representatives passed the latest version known as the American Dream and Promise Act. But the Republican-controlled Senate hasn’t taken it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose Congresswoman Zoe Lofgren, a Democrat who supports legalization, said that’s unlikely to happen unless Democrats win the Senate in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What happens in the upcoming election is going to be very important for the fate of these young people,” Lofgren said. “It’s so clear: The difference on this issue between the two parties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Dreamers themselves can’t vote, they can encourage others to do so. Muñoz said that three of his siblings are U.S. citizens who plan to vote in November. By his estimate, the nation’s 650,000 DACA recipients belong to families with 2.5 million voting-age citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to continue to see folks taking to the streets,” he said. “And for us there will be a big push to do engagement with voters. This is a consequential election.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED reporter Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For thousands of young immigrants across California who have relied on temporary protection from deportation under the Obama-era Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling Thursday blocking the Trump administration’s effort to end DACA was a cause for rejoicing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re very excited. We’re celebrating,” said San Diego attorney Dulce García, 37, a lead plaintiff in one of several lawsuits before the court arguing that the way the administration moved to end DACA in 2017 was arbitrary and capricious. “A big weight has been lifted off our shoulders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sacramento, Robert Núñez, 25, an advocate with the nonprofit Latino Coalition for a Healthy California, said on hearing the news he felt “a sigh of relief, an immense feeling of victory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz resident Adrian Escárate, 31, communications coordinator for the immigrant advocacy group Define American, said of the years of waiting for a court decision, “It has been a whirlwind, a roller coaster. It’s pretty surreal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The celebrating didn’t last long. In a matter of hours, DACA recipients and their supporters were beginning to organize for a more permanent path to legal status in the country where they’ve come of age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825090/supreme-court-rules-against-trump-administration-in-daca-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">5-4 opinion\u003c/a>, written by Chief Justice John Roberts, didn’t defend DACA itself, it merely said the government had failed to follow proper procedures in ending it, suggesting that the Department of Homeland Security could try again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the 650,000 people with DACA — 185,000 of them in California — retain their protection and work authorization. It also appears that the government must again accept first-time applications, and more than 60,000 undocumented teenagers who were brought to the U.S. as children can now apply because they’ve \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/archive/consideration-deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-daca#guidelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reached the application age of 15\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates in a video press conference Thursday said they plan to push for legislation that would offer permanent protection for all 11 million undocumented immigrants in the U.S. — something that will require action by the U.S. Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that the DACA program was first created by President Barack Obama in 2012 is a testament to the persistent and savvy activism of Dreamers, young undocumented immigrants who’ve spent most of their lives in this country, said José Muñoz, communications manager for United We Dream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was undocumented young people who were courageous and fearless, pushing Obama to act,” said Muñoz. A DACA recipient from Mexico, he has lived in the U.S. since he was a 3-month-old infant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muñoz said the massive, spontaneous Black Lives Matter protests of recent weeks are a new source of inspiration to immigrant advocates, who see common ground in the search for racial justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a lot of fire in this moment,” he said. “We’re seeing people taking to the streets … led by Black people who are demanding a defunding of the police. We’re seeing the spirit of people coming together saying enough is enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Central American Resource Center in San Francisco, Director Lariza Dugan-Cuadra said her primary concern is to explain the Supreme Court ruling to the roughly 400 DACA recipients the nonprofit assists, and ensure that they take steps to renew their DACA status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“First we’re all taking a deep breath,” said Dugan-Cuadra. “It’s just nice to have good news.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, she said, her group is building alliances to advocate for a path to citizenship for Dreamers and other undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time the DREAM Act was introduced in Congress was 2001. It had bipartisan support then. And today, large majorities of Americans — including 69% of Trump voters in a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2020/06/17/trump-supporters-dreamers-poll-323432\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Politico poll\u003c/a> — say Dreamers should be allowed to stay in the U.S. legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the House of Representatives passed the latest version known as the American Dream and Promise Act. But the Republican-controlled Senate hasn’t taken it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose Congresswoman Zoe Lofgren, a Democrat who supports legalization, said that’s unlikely to happen unless Democrats win the Senate in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What happens in the upcoming election is going to be very important for the fate of these young people,” Lofgren said. “It’s so clear: The difference on this issue between the two parties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Dreamers themselves can’t vote, they can encourage others to do so. Muñoz said that three of his siblings are U.S. citizens who plan to vote in November. By his estimate, the nation’s 650,000 DACA recipients belong to families with 2.5 million voting-age citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to continue to see folks taking to the streets,” he said. “And for us there will be a big push to do engagement with voters. This is a consequential election.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED reporter Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 8:34 a.m. PST\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A narrowly divided U.S. Supreme Court extended a life-support line to some 650,000 so-called DREAMers on Thursday, allowing them to remain safe from deportation for now, while the Trump administration jumps through the administrative hoops that the court said are required before ending the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vote was 5-4 with Chief Justice John Roberts casting the decisive fifth vote that sought to bridge the liberal and conservative wings of the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts and the court's four liberal justices said the Department of Homeland Security's decision to rescind the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, or DACA, was arbitrary and capricious under the Administrative Procedure Act. (\u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/documents/document.html?id=6951500-DACA-Decision\">Read the decision here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his opinion, Roberts wrote: \"The appropriate recourse is therefore to remand to DHS so that it may reconsider the problem anew.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1273633632742191106\">dismissed the ruling\u003c/a> as \"politically charged,\" turning it into a rallying cry for the 2020 election and the opportunity to appoint more conservative justices. The DACA decision follows another major ruling earlier in the week that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/863498848\">granted employment protections\u003c/a> for LGBTQ people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1273633632742191106?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Begun in 2012, the DACA program gave temporary protection from deportation to qualified individuals brought to the U.S. illegally as children. Under the program, the DREAMers were allowed to work legally and apply for college loans if they met certain requirements and passed a background check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/09/05/546423550/trump-signals-end-to-daca-calls-on-congress-to-act\">sought to end the program\u003c/a> shortly after he took office, maintaining that it was illegal and unconstitutional from the start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he was blocked by the lower courts and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/06/28/733774906/supreme-court-takes-up-daca-appeal\">appealed to the Supreme Court\u003c/a>, where Thursday the justices divided over both substance and timing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The muddled state of play likely prevents the administration from enacting any plans to begin deportations immediately, but there is little doubt that should Trump be reelected, the second-term president almost certainly would seek to end the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Clarence Thomas, in his dissent, wrote: \"Today's decision must be recognized for what it is: an effort to avoid a politically controversial but legally correct decision.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court's decision presents a particularly delicate political problem for congressional Republicans just months before the national election in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DACA has been an enormously popular program, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/06/583402634/npr-poll-2-in-3-support-legal-status-for-dreamers-majority-oppose-building-a-wal\">with public opinion polls\u003c/a> showing widespread support for it among Democrats, independents and Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DACA recipients have gotten advanced degrees; they have started businesses; they have bought houses and had children who are U.S. citizens; and 90% have jobs. Indeed,\u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2020/04/06/482708/demographic-profile-daca-recipients-frontlines-coronavirus-response/\"> 29,000 are health care professionals\u003c/a>, working on the front lines of the COVID-19 response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So popular has the DACA program been that the Senate Republican leadership not once, but twice, worked closely with Democrats to work out a deal to protect the Dreamers, only to have Trump renege at the last moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California Leaders Applaud Ruling\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision is an important victory, for now, for the hundreds of thousands of Dreamers – including over 200,000 Californians – who contribute deeply to their communities each day,\" said Gov. Gavin Newsom in a statement following the ruling. \"They are our neighbors, our coworkers and our friends, and in California, we will continue to have their backs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need a permanent solution for undocumented Californians and acknowledge that a pathway to citizenship is not enough. This moment reminds us we are confronting the systemic injustice and racism that exists within our nation and institutions,\" Newsom added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='DACA Coverage' tag='daca']Attorney General Xavier Becerra also applauded Thursday's decision. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, justice prevailed for every Dreamer who has worked hard to help build our country — our neighbors, teachers, doctors, and first responders,\" Becerra said in a statement. \"Today, America told the Dreamers that this is their home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of California President Janet Napolitano, who helped create DACA when she served as Secretary of Homeland Security under President Obama, called the ruling a victory for \"hundreds of thousands of young people who are making vital contributions to their families, schools, employers, and the nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Justice and the rule of law won the day,” Napolitano said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What Trump will do before the November election is anyone's guess. The heart of his political base is opposed to immigration in just about every form. But this is no ordinary time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid pandemic and racial crisis, the court's ruling is likely to focus on yet another issue where the president is at odds with public sentiment, while at the same time putting Republican officeholders between the rock of their president's views and the hard place of their own reelection bids. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED's Julie Small.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6951589-SCOTUS-DACA-18-587-5ifl.html\" responsive=true]\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Supreme+Court+Rules+Against+Trump+Administration+In+DACA+Case&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 8:34 a.m. PST\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A narrowly divided U.S. Supreme Court extended a life-support line to some 650,000 so-called DREAMers on Thursday, allowing them to remain safe from deportation for now, while the Trump administration jumps through the administrative hoops that the court said are required before ending the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vote was 5-4 with Chief Justice John Roberts casting the decisive fifth vote that sought to bridge the liberal and conservative wings of the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts and the court's four liberal justices said the Department of Homeland Security's decision to rescind the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, or DACA, was arbitrary and capricious under the Administrative Procedure Act. (\u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/documents/document.html?id=6951500-DACA-Decision\">Read the decision here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his opinion, Roberts wrote: \"The appropriate recourse is therefore to remand to DHS so that it may reconsider the problem anew.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1273633632742191106\">dismissed the ruling\u003c/a> as \"politically charged,\" turning it into a rallying cry for the 2020 election and the opportunity to appoint more conservative justices. The DACA decision follows another major ruling earlier in the week that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/863498848\">granted employment protections\u003c/a> for LGBTQ people.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Begun in 2012, the DACA program gave temporary protection from deportation to qualified individuals brought to the U.S. illegally as children. Under the program, the DREAMers were allowed to work legally and apply for college loans if they met certain requirements and passed a background check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/09/05/546423550/trump-signals-end-to-daca-calls-on-congress-to-act\">sought to end the program\u003c/a> shortly after he took office, maintaining that it was illegal and unconstitutional from the start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he was blocked by the lower courts and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/06/28/733774906/supreme-court-takes-up-daca-appeal\">appealed to the Supreme Court\u003c/a>, where Thursday the justices divided over both substance and timing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The muddled state of play likely prevents the administration from enacting any plans to begin deportations immediately, but there is little doubt that should Trump be reelected, the second-term president almost certainly would seek to end the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Clarence Thomas, in his dissent, wrote: \"Today's decision must be recognized for what it is: an effort to avoid a politically controversial but legally correct decision.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court's decision presents a particularly delicate political problem for congressional Republicans just months before the national election in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DACA has been an enormously popular program, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/06/583402634/npr-poll-2-in-3-support-legal-status-for-dreamers-majority-oppose-building-a-wal\">with public opinion polls\u003c/a> showing widespread support for it among Democrats, independents and Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DACA recipients have gotten advanced degrees; they have started businesses; they have bought houses and had children who are U.S. citizens; and 90% have jobs. Indeed,\u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2020/04/06/482708/demographic-profile-daca-recipients-frontlines-coronavirus-response/\"> 29,000 are health care professionals\u003c/a>, working on the front lines of the COVID-19 response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So popular has the DACA program been that the Senate Republican leadership not once, but twice, worked closely with Democrats to work out a deal to protect the Dreamers, only to have Trump renege at the last moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California Leaders Applaud Ruling\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision is an important victory, for now, for the hundreds of thousands of Dreamers – including over 200,000 Californians – who contribute deeply to their communities each day,\" said Gov. Gavin Newsom in a statement following the ruling. \"They are our neighbors, our coworkers and our friends, and in California, we will continue to have their backs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need a permanent solution for undocumented Californians and acknowledge that a pathway to citizenship is not enough. This moment reminds us we are confronting the systemic injustice and racism that exists within our nation and institutions,\" Newsom added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Attorney General Xavier Becerra also applauded Thursday's decision. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, justice prevailed for every Dreamer who has worked hard to help build our country — our neighbors, teachers, doctors, and first responders,\" Becerra said in a statement. \"Today, America told the Dreamers that this is their home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of California President Janet Napolitano, who helped create DACA when she served as Secretary of Homeland Security under President Obama, called the ruling a victory for \"hundreds of thousands of young people who are making vital contributions to their families, schools, employers, and the nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Justice and the rule of law won the day,” Napolitano said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What Trump will do before the November election is anyone's guess. The heart of his political base is opposed to immigration in just about every form. But this is no ordinary time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid pandemic and racial crisis, the court's ruling is likely to focus on yet another issue where the president is at odds with public sentiment, while at the same time putting Republican officeholders between the rock of their president's views and the hard place of their own reelection bids. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED's Julie Small.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Supreme+Court+Rules+Against+Trump+Administration+In+DACA+Case&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Oscar Hernandez grew up undocumented in a trailer park in San Diego. He was the first in his family to attend college, and he worked long shifts selling tacos to pay for tuition. But his goal of becoming a doctor motivated him to push through many challenging years. Last Saturday, he graduated from the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was my dream ever since I can remember,” Hernandez, 31, said. “Finally getting on that little podium to graduate as a doctor, that was a really great moment for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of social distancing rules, it was a drive-through celebration at the school’s parking lot. A giant screen broadcast images of the 92 graduates as they took turns stepping out of their cars and onto a stage to be hooded. Loved ones, who were told to remain in their vehicles with the windows rolled up, honked from afar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was kind of cool, like a drive-in movie theater,” said Hernandez, grateful for the non-virtual ceremony. “It was actually in person as much as it could be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11823205\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11823205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oscar Hernandez is flanked by his father Juan, mother Ana, and brother Daniel on graduation day on May 30, 2020 in Irvine, Calif. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Oscar Hernandez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This week, Hernandez moved from California to Ohio to train as a surgeon at the Cleveland Clinic, one of the top hospitals in the country. He plans to return to the Golden State to work in low-income communities, like the one where he grew up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All those plans could come to a halt with a highly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785839/u-s-supreme-court-takes-on-daca-and-the-fate-of-nearly-200000-california-dreamers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anticipated decision\u003c/a> by the U.S. Supreme Court this month on the future of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, commonly known as DACA. The Obama-era program protects Hernandez and nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Resources/Reports%20and%20Studies/Immigration%20Forms%20Data/All%20Form%20Types/DACA/DACA_Population_Receipts_since_Injunction_Dec_31_2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">200,000\u003c/a> other undocumented Californians from deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Supreme Court Ruling Expected Soon\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration maintains the protections, granted to young adults brought to the U.S. as children, were unlawfully established and must be terminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, then-attorney general Jeff Sessions rescinded the program, which allows nearly 650,000 people nationwide to legally work. The state of California, the University of California, DACA recipients and others sued, and the legal battle made its way to the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a majority of the nine justices side with President Donald Trump, \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2020/04/06/482708/demographic-profile-daca-recipients-frontlines-coronavirus-response/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nearly 30,000\u003c/a> DACA recipients who are frontline health workers nationwide may be at risk of deportation, at a time when they are critically needed during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California already faces a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790690/brain-waste-highly-skilled-immigrants-struggle-to-fill-workforce-gaps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shortage of doctors\u003c/a>, especially in Latino and other low-income communities that are now disproportionately impacted by COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez fears that if he loses his DACA work authorization, he won’t be able to complete his 5-year residency and practice medicine in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as he celebrates his graduation and gets ready to start his general surgery residency, he’s waiting anxiously for the Supreme Court decision that could determine his fate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels like a weight has been put back on my shoulders,” said Hernandez, the first DACA recipient to graduate from UC Irvine School of Medicine. “Every time I accomplish something, this voice in the back of my head says ‘Oh, after all this, it could all get frozen again.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Journey to Becoming a Doctor\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Hernandez was 18 months old when his parents brought him to San Diego from the Mexico City area. His mom cleaned houses and his dad served food at banquets. The couple eventually opened a party rental business that allowed the family to move out of the trailer park in the city’s southeast and buy a house in the Skyline Hills area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the family lost their business and home during the Great Recession, and they had to move once again. Hernandez said he ended up living in his friend’s living room for “a long time.” His parents, who had helped him pay for college, could no longer do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an undocumented person, Hernandez wasn’t eligible for federal financial aid and most scholarships, which require a social security number. In 2010, he dropped out of UC San Diego to work at a taqueria and laundromat. That helped him pay about $9,000 in college tuition he owed, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez faced other obstacles as well. Some medical schools \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5b453764f93fd480d1fcc9f9/t/5bac29c5e79c70397ee8aa26/1538013119971/PHD-MedSchoolFAQ-ver.2.pdf\">do not accept\u003c/a> undocumented students, he said, while residency training programs — necessary to get licensed as a doctor — require work authorization, which he didn’t have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At that point, I was chasing a dream without a way to actually achieve it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, when then-President Barack Obama announced the DACA program, it opened up new doors for Hernandez and thousands others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After signing up for the program, Hernandez was able to qualify for financial aid, volunteer at a hospital and graduate from college. He could apply to medical schools, and for the first time in his life — he could legally work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11823206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11823206\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut-1020x678.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dean Michael J. Stamos from the University of California, Irvine’s School of Medicine, presides over the 2020 Commencement ceremony, held Saturday May 30, 2020, in Irvine, Calif. \u003ccite>(Jordan Strauss/AP Images for University of California, Irvine)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“DACA really was the biggest relief in my life,” he said. “I was finally liberated to actually do the things that I wanted to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s carried his past experience of 11-hour shifts in low-wage jobs, and translated it into his medical studies. Compared to working all day on his feet at a taco shop, medical school was “not as hard,” he said. [aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the perspective I took to medical school. And I think with all those things that I learned throughout my life, it led me to be accepted at the Cleveland Clinic,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he stood in his empty apartment, getting ready to board his flight to Cleveland, Hernandez said he has to remain optimistic that the court will allow DACA recipients to pursue their dreams in the country they call home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When then-President Obama unveiled DACA in 2012, he said the new policy was a “temporary fix” while Congress debated more permanent legalization for so-called Dreamers, but this never materialized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez hopes DACA remains a “stepping stone” to wider immigration reform that allows more than 10 million undocumented people in the U.S. to come out of the shadows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There definitely needs to be a push for something more permanent not only for DACA recipients, but also for other undocumented citizens that want to live without ties and boundaries,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Oscar Hernandez grew up undocumented in a trailer park in San Diego. He was the first in his family to attend college, and he worked long shifts selling tacos to pay for tuition. But his goal of becoming a doctor motivated him to push through many challenging years. Last Saturday, he graduated from the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was my dream ever since I can remember,” Hernandez, 31, said. “Finally getting on that little podium to graduate as a doctor, that was a really great moment for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of social distancing rules, it was a drive-through celebration at the school’s parking lot. A giant screen broadcast images of the 92 graduates as they took turns stepping out of their cars and onto a stage to be hooded. Loved ones, who were told to remain in their vehicles with the windows rolled up, honked from afar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was kind of cool, like a drive-in movie theater,” said Hernandez, grateful for the non-virtual ceremony. “It was actually in person as much as it could be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11823205\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11823205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43566_IMG_0801-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oscar Hernandez is flanked by his father Juan, mother Ana, and brother Daniel on graduation day on May 30, 2020 in Irvine, Calif. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Oscar Hernandez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This week, Hernandez moved from California to Ohio to train as a surgeon at the Cleveland Clinic, one of the top hospitals in the country. He plans to return to the Golden State to work in low-income communities, like the one where he grew up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All those plans could come to a halt with a highly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785839/u-s-supreme-court-takes-on-daca-and-the-fate-of-nearly-200000-california-dreamers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anticipated decision\u003c/a> by the U.S. Supreme Court this month on the future of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, commonly known as DACA. The Obama-era program protects Hernandez and nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Resources/Reports%20and%20Studies/Immigration%20Forms%20Data/All%20Form%20Types/DACA/DACA_Population_Receipts_since_Injunction_Dec_31_2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">200,000\u003c/a> other undocumented Californians from deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Supreme Court Ruling Expected Soon\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration maintains the protections, granted to young adults brought to the U.S. as children, were unlawfully established and must be terminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, then-attorney general Jeff Sessions rescinded the program, which allows nearly 650,000 people nationwide to legally work. The state of California, the University of California, DACA recipients and others sued, and the legal battle made its way to the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a majority of the nine justices side with President Donald Trump, \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2020/04/06/482708/demographic-profile-daca-recipients-frontlines-coronavirus-response/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nearly 30,000\u003c/a> DACA recipients who are frontline health workers nationwide may be at risk of deportation, at a time when they are critically needed during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California already faces a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790690/brain-waste-highly-skilled-immigrants-struggle-to-fill-workforce-gaps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shortage of doctors\u003c/a>, especially in Latino and other low-income communities that are now disproportionately impacted by COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez fears that if he loses his DACA work authorization, he won’t be able to complete his 5-year residency and practice medicine in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as he celebrates his graduation and gets ready to start his general surgery residency, he’s waiting anxiously for the Supreme Court decision that could determine his fate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels like a weight has been put back on my shoulders,” said Hernandez, the first DACA recipient to graduate from UC Irvine School of Medicine. “Every time I accomplish something, this voice in the back of my head says ‘Oh, after all this, it could all get frozen again.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Journey to Becoming a Doctor\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Hernandez was 18 months old when his parents brought him to San Diego from the Mexico City area. His mom cleaned houses and his dad served food at banquets. The couple eventually opened a party rental business that allowed the family to move out of the trailer park in the city’s southeast and buy a house in the Skyline Hills area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the family lost their business and home during the Great Recession, and they had to move once again. Hernandez said he ended up living in his friend’s living room for “a long time.” His parents, who had helped him pay for college, could no longer do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an undocumented person, Hernandez wasn’t eligible for federal financial aid and most scholarships, which require a social security number. In 2010, he dropped out of UC San Diego to work at a taqueria and laundromat. That helped him pay about $9,000 in college tuition he owed, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez faced other obstacles as well. Some medical schools \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5b453764f93fd480d1fcc9f9/t/5bac29c5e79c70397ee8aa26/1538013119971/PHD-MedSchoolFAQ-ver.2.pdf\">do not accept\u003c/a> undocumented students, he said, while residency training programs — necessary to get licensed as a doctor — require work authorization, which he didn’t have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At that point, I was chasing a dream without a way to actually achieve it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, when then-President Barack Obama announced the DACA program, it opened up new doors for Hernandez and thousands others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After signing up for the program, Hernandez was able to qualify for financial aid, volunteer at a hospital and graduate from college. He could apply to medical schools, and for the first time in his life — he could legally work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11823206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11823206\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43564_AP_20152163587801-UCI-SOM-Dean-Stamos-qut-1020x678.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dean Michael J. Stamos from the University of California, Irvine’s School of Medicine, presides over the 2020 Commencement ceremony, held Saturday May 30, 2020, in Irvine, Calif. \u003ccite>(Jordan Strauss/AP Images for University of California, Irvine)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“DACA really was the biggest relief in my life,” he said. “I was finally liberated to actually do the things that I wanted to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s carried his past experience of 11-hour shifts in low-wage jobs, and translated it into his medical studies. Compared to working all day on his feet at a taco shop, medical school was “not as hard,” he said. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the perspective I took to medical school. And I think with all those things that I learned throughout my life, it led me to be accepted at the Cleveland Clinic,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he stood in his empty apartment, getting ready to board his flight to Cleveland, Hernandez said he has to remain optimistic that the court will allow DACA recipients to pursue their dreams in the country they call home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When then-President Obama unveiled DACA in 2012, he said the new policy was a “temporary fix” while Congress debated more permanent legalization for so-called Dreamers, but this never materialized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez hopes DACA remains a “stepping stone” to wider immigration reform that allows more than 10 million undocumented people in the U.S. to come out of the shadows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There definitely needs to be a push for something more permanent not only for DACA recipients, but also for other undocumented citizens that want to live without ties and boundaries,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "I Have DACA. What Happens to Me and My Daughter?",
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"content": "\u003cp>When 15-year-old Guadalupe Garcia thinks about what could happen if the Supreme Court decides to end protections for hundreds of thousands of undocumented immigrants, she feels terrified that her mother could be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If something were to happen to her, I would feel like the air got knocked out of me,” Guadalupe said. “I don’t know what I would do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More coverage\" tag=\"immigration\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe is one of an estimated 250,000 U.S.-born children nationwide who have parents in the country under Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, the federal program that provides temporary protection from deportation and permission to work for people who came to the U.S. as children. An estimated 72,600 children of DACA recipients live in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, President Trump announced plans to end DACA, which would subject recipients to possible deportation and revoke their ability to work when their status expires. The University of California and other plaintiffs sued to keep the program in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is now before the U.S. Supreme Court, where justices will consider whether the Trump administration can legally end DACA. A coalition of children’s advocacy organizations, pediatricians and child development experts submitted a statement to the court, asking the justices to consider the health and well-being of recipients’ children, arguing that ending DACA would hurt their mental and physical health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If DACA is rescinded, you have a risk of greater economic insecurity, food insecurity, housing insecurity and access to health care and other services that may be impacted because a parent won’t have DACA status,” said Mayra Alvarez, president of The Children’s Partnership, a nonprofit children’s advocacy organization based in Los Angeles that signed on to the statement to the court. “Children thrive when they’re with loving parents, loving caregivers. It’s really important to consider that that critical relationship between a parent and a child is something we’re intentionally destroying by eliminating DACA.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe’s mother, Gabriela Garcia, was brought to the United States from Mexico when she was 3 years old. She was 17 when she had her daughter; now she is 33.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11802651\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11802651\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/Gabrielachild.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"1131\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/Gabrielachild.png 845w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/Gabrielachild-160x214.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/Gabrielachild-800x1071.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabriela Garcia (right) at around 3 years old, shortly before moving to the U.S. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Gabriela Garcia.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When former President Barack Obama announced the DACA policy in 2012, it felt like a lifesaver. To apply, immigrants had to be between 15 and 30 years old, have been brought to the U.S. when they were younger than 16 and lived here for at least five years. They also had to either be in school, have graduated from high school or received a GED certificate or be veterans of the Armed Forces or the Coast Guard, and have no convictions for felonies, significant misdemeanors or multiple misdemeanors. Nationwide, nearly 700,000 people are currently protected under DACA, according to the most recent data from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia said DACA has helped her provide for Guadalupe — it allows her to work as an accountant at a computer company, where she has health insurance that has been critical to care for her daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe was born with a birth defect that affects her kidneys. She has been hospitalized multiple times and has had three surgeries since she was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia doesn’t know how she would have paid all the medical bills without health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just seeing what the bill should have been without the health insurance, it’s crazy. It’s a big responsibility for me to make sure she has health insurance and she’s being taken care of, and we don’t miss anything in terms of her health, because that’s scary,” Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of ending DACA would go far beyond Guadalupe’s physical health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation=\"Gabriela Garcia, DACA recipient\"]'It’s a big responsibility for me to make sure she has health insurance and she’s being taken care of, and we don’t miss anything in terms of her health, because that’s scary.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the two live together in California’s Central Valley with their extended family — Garcia’s sister and her two children, Garcia’s other sister and brother and their parents. During the week, Garcia commutes daily to the San Francisco Bay Area for work. On the weekends, she spends most of her time with Guadalupe. They often walk her 2-year-old cousin to the local park, where he climbs up and down the play structure, calling for “Tita,” his nickname for Guadalupe, to chase him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tight-knit feeling, the family support — it all feels like it could change in an instant for Garcia and her daughter. The Supreme Court may not make a final decision on DACA until June. But the possibility of being separated from her mother already feels real to Guadalupe, already makes her anxious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afraid she might lose her DACA status after Trump became president, Garcia drew up notarized papers making her younger sister, who is a U.S. citizen, the legal guardian of Guadalupe, in case she is deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole atmosphere we’re creating, that somehow it’s OK to threaten to split up a family, is devastating to a kid,” said Ted Lempert, president of Children Now, an advocacy organization based in Oakland that also signed on to the statement submitted to the court. “That uncertainty and fear has a huge impact on a kid’s health and well-being.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That assertion is backed up by research that says that when children live with the fear of a parent’s deportation, they are more likely to experience anxiety and depression and perform poorly in school or drop out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe has plans to attend Cal State Fullerton after high school, then go to medical school in New York. She wants to be a pediatrician. Her mom is proud of her daughter’s dreams. Garcia said she also had good grades in high school, until she realized what it meant that she was undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t think I could go to college, and I kind of like gave up,” Garcia said. “I was a good student, I had good grades, I had a really good GPA. I felt like I hit a wall and I couldn’t go or do anything when I realized I was an [undocumented] immigrant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Ted Lempert, President of Children Now\"]'The whole atmosphere we’re creating, that somehow it’s OK to threaten to split up a family, is devastating to a kid.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia worries that her own immigration status will derail her daughter’s dreams. She’s already heard her daughter say she’ll protect her mom, apply for immigration papers for her, make sure she’s able to stay. But Garcia doesn’t know if that’s even a possibility. Under current immigration law, most undocumented immigrants are barred from even applying for legal residency, even if they have U.S. citizen children or spouses, unless they leave the country for 10 years. Even then there is no guarantee the application would be approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish she didn’t have to worry about this type of thing,” Garcia said. “I wish that this wasn’t a fear that she has. I want her to focus on being a kid, or being a teenager, or making sure she has her life. I don’t want her to feel like she’s responsible for me. She’ll hit a wall like I hit a wall. I don’t want that feeling for her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hugging her daughter close after a Sunday walk to the park, Garcia joked that Guadalupe is almost an adult, that she’ll soon leave home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s OK, Mom, you have three years left. You’re almost done,” Guadalupe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Am I?” Garcia answered, turning serious. “No. Never done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s always been her and I,” she said. “We’ve been through a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They leaned into each other, holding on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When 15-year-old Guadalupe Garcia thinks about what could happen if the Supreme Court decides to end protections for hundreds of thousands of undocumented immigrants, she feels terrified that her mother could be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If something were to happen to her, I would feel like the air got knocked out of me,” Guadalupe said. “I don’t know what I would do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe is one of an estimated 250,000 U.S.-born children nationwide who have parents in the country under Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, the federal program that provides temporary protection from deportation and permission to work for people who came to the U.S. as children. An estimated 72,600 children of DACA recipients live in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, President Trump announced plans to end DACA, which would subject recipients to possible deportation and revoke their ability to work when their status expires. The University of California and other plaintiffs sued to keep the program in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is now before the U.S. Supreme Court, where justices will consider whether the Trump administration can legally end DACA. A coalition of children’s advocacy organizations, pediatricians and child development experts submitted a statement to the court, asking the justices to consider the health and well-being of recipients’ children, arguing that ending DACA would hurt their mental and physical health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If DACA is rescinded, you have a risk of greater economic insecurity, food insecurity, housing insecurity and access to health care and other services that may be impacted because a parent won’t have DACA status,” said Mayra Alvarez, president of The Children’s Partnership, a nonprofit children’s advocacy organization based in Los Angeles that signed on to the statement to the court. “Children thrive when they’re with loving parents, loving caregivers. It’s really important to consider that that critical relationship between a parent and a child is something we’re intentionally destroying by eliminating DACA.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe’s mother, Gabriela Garcia, was brought to the United States from Mexico when she was 3 years old. She was 17 when she had her daughter; now she is 33.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11802651\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11802651\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/Gabrielachild.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"1131\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/Gabrielachild.png 845w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/Gabrielachild-160x214.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/Gabrielachild-800x1071.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabriela Garcia (right) at around 3 years old, shortly before moving to the U.S. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Gabriela Garcia.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When former President Barack Obama announced the DACA policy in 2012, it felt like a lifesaver. To apply, immigrants had to be between 15 and 30 years old, have been brought to the U.S. when they were younger than 16 and lived here for at least five years. They also had to either be in school, have graduated from high school or received a GED certificate or be veterans of the Armed Forces or the Coast Guard, and have no convictions for felonies, significant misdemeanors or multiple misdemeanors. Nationwide, nearly 700,000 people are currently protected under DACA, according to the most recent data from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia said DACA has helped her provide for Guadalupe — it allows her to work as an accountant at a computer company, where she has health insurance that has been critical to care for her daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe was born with a birth defect that affects her kidneys. She has been hospitalized multiple times and has had three surgeries since she was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia doesn’t know how she would have paid all the medical bills without health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just seeing what the bill should have been without the health insurance, it’s crazy. It’s a big responsibility for me to make sure she has health insurance and she’s being taken care of, and we don’t miss anything in terms of her health, because that’s scary,” Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of ending DACA would go far beyond Guadalupe’s physical health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the two live together in California’s Central Valley with their extended family — Garcia’s sister and her two children, Garcia’s other sister and brother and their parents. During the week, Garcia commutes daily to the San Francisco Bay Area for work. On the weekends, she spends most of her time with Guadalupe. They often walk her 2-year-old cousin to the local park, where he climbs up and down the play structure, calling for “Tita,” his nickname for Guadalupe, to chase him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tight-knit feeling, the family support — it all feels like it could change in an instant for Garcia and her daughter. The Supreme Court may not make a final decision on DACA until June. But the possibility of being separated from her mother already feels real to Guadalupe, already makes her anxious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afraid she might lose her DACA status after Trump became president, Garcia drew up notarized papers making her younger sister, who is a U.S. citizen, the legal guardian of Guadalupe, in case she is deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole atmosphere we’re creating, that somehow it’s OK to threaten to split up a family, is devastating to a kid,” said Ted Lempert, president of Children Now, an advocacy organization based in Oakland that also signed on to the statement submitted to the court. “That uncertainty and fear has a huge impact on a kid’s health and well-being.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That assertion is backed up by research that says that when children live with the fear of a parent’s deportation, they are more likely to experience anxiety and depression and perform poorly in school or drop out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe has plans to attend Cal State Fullerton after high school, then go to medical school in New York. She wants to be a pediatrician. Her mom is proud of her daughter’s dreams. Garcia said she also had good grades in high school, until she realized what it meant that she was undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t think I could go to college, and I kind of like gave up,” Garcia said. “I was a good student, I had good grades, I had a really good GPA. I felt like I hit a wall and I couldn’t go or do anything when I realized I was an [undocumented] immigrant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia worries that her own immigration status will derail her daughter’s dreams. She’s already heard her daughter say she’ll protect her mom, apply for immigration papers for her, make sure she’s able to stay. But Garcia doesn’t know if that’s even a possibility. Under current immigration law, most undocumented immigrants are barred from even applying for legal residency, even if they have U.S. citizen children or spouses, unless they leave the country for 10 years. Even then there is no guarantee the application would be approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish she didn’t have to worry about this type of thing,” Garcia said. “I wish that this wasn’t a fear that she has. I want her to focus on being a kid, or being a teenager, or making sure she has her life. I don’t want her to feel like she’s responsible for me. She’ll hit a wall like I hit a wall. I don’t want that feeling for her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hugging her daughter close after a Sunday walk to the park, Garcia joked that Guadalupe is almost an adult, that she’ll soon leave home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s OK, Mom, you have three years left. You’re almost done,” Guadalupe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Am I?” Garcia answered, turning serious. “No. Never done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s always been her and I,” she said. “We’ve been through a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They leaned into each other, holding on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "9 Ways Trump Has Overhauled Immigration to the US",
"title": "9 Ways Trump Has Overhauled Immigration to the US",
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"content": "\u003cp>During President Trump's first term, the transformation of federal immigration policy has been far-reaching and so broad that experts say the effects could last for years — even if he isn't reelected. Here are nine ways he has overhauled immigration in the U.S.:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Trying to build a border wall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s pledge that he would build a wall on the Mexican border (and making Mexico pay for it) galvanized enthusiasm among his supporters, but it has proven difficult — and costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress approved much less money than Trump requested — $1.3 billion in the 2020 spending bill, rather than $8.6 billion. The president declared a state of emergency and channeled billions more from the Defense Department to Homeland Security. Advocates and a group of states led by California sued, and federal judges in California and Texas ruled that Trump was wrong to flout the will of Congress. But conservative court majorities have recently allowed construction to move ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of January, the government had built one mile of new barrier and 100 miles of replacement or secondary fencing — at a cost of almost $20 million per mile, NPR reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11729585\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11729585\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A border wall prototype is torn down at the U.S.-Mexico border, as seen from Tijuana, Mexico, on Feb. 27, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A border wall prototype is torn down at the U.S.-Mexico border, as seen from Tijuana, Mexico, on Feb. 27, 2019. \u003ccite>(GUILLERMO ARIAS/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Restricting access to asylum\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe administration may not have gotten far with a physical wall, but it has succeeded in erecting a virtual wall of regulations blocking tens of thousands of migrants from requesting asylum at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law says that people who reach the U.S., regardless of how they get here, can be granted asylum if they can prove a well-founded fear of persecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November 2018, Trump issued a federal rule barring people from applying for asylum if they didn’t enter the country at an official port of entry. Federal courts have blocked the rule and the case is currently before the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773820\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773820\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"People listen as a man calls out the names on a waiting list whose turn it is to walk to the U.S. border crossing in Tijuana where they will then ask for asylum.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People listen as a man calls out the names on a waiting list whose turn it is to walk to the U.S. border crossing in Tijuana where they will then ask for asylum. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another rule, issued last July, made people ineligible for asylum if they crossed a “third country” on the way to the U.S. but didn’t apply for protection there. The U.S. Supreme Court allowed that policy to take effect while a lower court in California hears a legal challenge. Few migrants from Central America and beyond have pursued asylum claims in Mexico, so they are virtually shut out at the southern border of the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador signed agreements to receive and consider asylum-seekers that the U.S. sends them. So far, the Trump administration has flown scores of Hondurans and Salvadorans to Guatemala — despite the fact that 200,000 Guatemalans fled insecurity in their country last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past year, Homeland Security officials also sent about 60,000 non-Mexicans back to Mexico to wait while their asylum cases are decided in U.S. immigration courts. People in the so-called Remain in Mexico program have found it next to impossible to obtain U.S. immigration lawyers. Only 187 people in the program — or 0.3% — have won their cases, compared to 30% of all asylum seekers last year, according to researchers at Syracuse University. Currently an estimated 20,000 people are camped in Mexico’s most violent cities, awaiting their day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798867\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798867\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552-800x548.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552-800x548.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552-1020x699.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 2-year-old Honduran asylum-seeker cries as her mother is searched and detained near the U.S.-Mexico border on June 12, 2018, in McAllen, Texas. The asylum-seekers had rafted across the Rio Grande from Mexico and were detained by U.S. Border Patrol agents before being sent to a processing center for possible separation. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Separating families and zero tolerance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing migrant children from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border was one of the Trump administration’s most controversial steps. Americans reacted to the sight of sobbing children with a broad, bipartisan backlash in 2018 that led President Trump to reverse the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The separations began quietly in 2017 and increased in April 2018, after then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced a “zero tolerance” policy aimed at criminally prosecuting all adults — including parents — who crossed the border without authorization.\u003cbr>\nIn 2018, a federal judge in San Diego ordered a halt to the separations and the reunification of families. More than 18 months later, perhaps as many as 2,000 of the more than 5,500 separated children still have not been reunited with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11801732 label='the lasting impact of trump' hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_immigration_chaparral-FINAL-08-qut-1020x678.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government never got near its stated goal of “zero tolerance.” At its highest point, in June 2018, Customs and Border Protection referred 33% of unlawful border crossers to the Department of Justice, according to the Migration Policy Institute’s Sarah Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Pushing to end DACA \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2012, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals has granted temporary protection from deportation — and permission to work legally — to more than 800,000 young undocumented immigrants who were brought to the U.S. as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the Trump administration moved to end the program, calling it an overreach of President Barack Obama’s executive power. The University of California, DACA recipients and others sued, and federal judges have kept the program in place for current recipients while the case is appealed. The U.S. Supreme Court is expected to rule this spring on whether the government followed administrative procedures when it tried to end DACA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement began reopening deportation cases against DACA recipients, according to a CNN investigation. In January, acting ICE director Matthew Albence confirmed the strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently about 650,000 DACA recipients and nearly 200,000 of them live in California, many with children of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11782817\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11782817\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut.jpg 1290w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sindy Ortiz Flores hugs her toddler for the first time in more than a month at San Francisco International Airport on Jan. 29, 2019, as cameras surround them. The baby, Grethshell Juliet, spent a month under government custody, after immigration authorities separated her from her father at the border. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Broadening immigration enforcement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With an executive order in his first days in office, Trump wiped away the immigration enforcement priorities of Obama’s later years, which had focused narrowly on deporting violent criminals and recent border crossers. Instead, Trump made just about any “removable alien” a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the share of immigrants arrested by ICE who had no criminal record increased — from 14% in 2016 to 36% last year, according to the Migration Policy Institute’s Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deportations of people arrested in the interior of the country have not reached Obama’s 2013 peak of more than 133,000. But nearly 86,000 people were deported last year, well above the 65,000 deportations in the last year of Obama’s presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has also tried to withhold funding from so called “sanctuary cities” that limit law enforcement cooperation with ICE. The courts rejected that, but earlier in February the administration sued New Jersey and a county in Washington over sanctuary policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11772090\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11772090\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/ap_18344131910992_custom-f83e75e7ac1321965d24d2dc7e03407867be6324-800x492.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Border Patrol agents stand in front of a secondary fence in San Diego, Calif., looking across the border wall toward Mexico.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6. Restricting legal immigration \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the administration may expand the so-called “public charge” rule, even as the expansion is being challenged in court. The rule is a sweeping effort to restrict lower-income immigrants from becoming permanent U.S. residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government has long denied green cards to people who used substantial cash assistance from the government. Now the rule applies to immigrants who have used, or might use, a broad range of non-cash benefits, including food stamps and MediCal — even for short periods. San Francisco and Santa Clara counties filed the first challenge to the rule, which some call a “wealth test,” saying it could hurt the U.S. citizen children of immigrants if their parents are afraid to apply for nutrition assistance and health care they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has also proposed almost doubling the fee to apply for citizenship, to $1170, while at the same time eliminating most fee waivers for low-income applicants. In December, a federal judge in San Francisco blocked the fee waiver rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the processing time for green cards and for citizenship has almost doubled between 2015 and 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>7. Refugee and humanitarian restrictions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has slashed the number of refugees the U.S. will admit annually — from 85,000 when he was elected to 18,000 in 2020. That’s by far the lowest level since the Refugee Act was passed in 1980.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has also tried to terminate Temporary Protected Status for citizens of six countries allowed to stay in the U.S. following war or natural disaster. Roughly 400,000 TPS holders could face deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco has temporarily blocked the administration from ending TPS for people from El Salvador, Haiti, Nicaragua, Sudan, Honduras and Nepal. The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals is deciding whether to allow that injunction to stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738686\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738686\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-800x511.jpg\" alt=\"A Honduran mother stands with her daughters in the migrant shelter where they are currently living near the U.S.-Mexico border on April 4, 2019 in Tijuana. She said they are on the waiting list to apply for asylum in the U.S. and must wait at the shelter for now.\" width=\"800\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-800x511.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-1020x652.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-1200x767.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Honduran mother stands with her daughters in the migrant shelter near the U.S.-Mexico border on April 4, 2019 in Tijuana. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>8. Aiming to expand detention of children\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children in immigration custody — whether they are alone or accompanied by a parent — are protected by a two-decades-old legal settlement, known as the Flores agreement. It says children should be released to an adult sponsor — but if they remain in custody, it must be in a licensed child-care facility, not a jail-like setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, a federal judge in Los Angeles ruled that kids must be released promptly from ICE family detention centers, generally within 20 days. Last year, the Trump administration published federal rules aimed at replacing Flores, in order to allow long-term family detention — something the L.A. judge blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courts also ruled that the government must provide children with soap and water, adequate food and a place to sleep, regardless of crowding in border facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, six migrant children died of illness in federal custody between September 2018 and May 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>9. Tightening pressure on immigration courts\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11797878,news_11796825,news_11785839]The Trump administration has increasingly used the immigration courts — which are part of the Justice Department — to speed up deportations. In 2018, then-Attorney general Jeff Sessions stripped authority from immigration judges, barring them from dismissing or suspending low-priority cases, and setting a quota requiring every judge to complete 700 cases a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stepped-up immigration enforcement beginning under President George W. Bush has contributed to a historic backlog of more than 1 million cases — and Sessions’ order for judges to re-open administratively closed cases adds another 300,000 cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration judges say their limited discretion and the pressure to close cases faster is creating an unbearable work environment and threatening due process for immigrants whose lives are in the balance. Dana Marks, former head of the National Association of Immigration Judges, said that she and her colleagues are asked to decide the equivalent of “death penalty cases in a traffic court setting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>During President Trump's first term, the transformation of federal immigration policy has been far-reaching and so broad that experts say the effects could last for years — even if he isn't reelected. Here are nine ways he has overhauled immigration in the U.S.:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Trying to build a border wall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s pledge that he would build a wall on the Mexican border (and making Mexico pay for it) galvanized enthusiasm among his supporters, but it has proven difficult — and costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress approved much less money than Trump requested — $1.3 billion in the 2020 spending bill, rather than $8.6 billion. The president declared a state of emergency and channeled billions more from the Defense Department to Homeland Security. Advocates and a group of states led by California sued, and federal judges in California and Texas ruled that Trump was wrong to flout the will of Congress. But conservative court majorities have recently allowed construction to move ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of January, the government had built one mile of new barrier and 100 miles of replacement or secondary fencing — at a cost of almost $20 million per mile, NPR reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11729585\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11729585\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A border wall prototype is torn down at the U.S.-Mexico border, as seen from Tijuana, Mexico, on Feb. 27, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/WallsDestroyed.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A border wall prototype is torn down at the U.S.-Mexico border, as seen from Tijuana, Mexico, on Feb. 27, 2019. \u003ccite>(GUILLERMO ARIAS/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Restricting access to asylum\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe administration may not have gotten far with a physical wall, but it has succeeded in erecting a virtual wall of regulations blocking tens of thousands of migrants from requesting asylum at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law says that people who reach the U.S., regardless of how they get here, can be granted asylum if they can prove a well-founded fear of persecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November 2018, Trump issued a federal rule barring people from applying for asylum if they didn’t enter the country at an official port of entry. Federal courts have blocked the rule and the case is currently before the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11773820\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11773820\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"People listen as a man calls out the names on a waiting list whose turn it is to walk to the U.S. border crossing in Tijuana where they will then ask for asylum.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS34163_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People listen as a man calls out the names on a waiting list whose turn it is to walk to the U.S. border crossing in Tijuana where they will then ask for asylum. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another rule, issued last July, made people ineligible for asylum if they crossed a “third country” on the way to the U.S. but didn’t apply for protection there. The U.S. Supreme Court allowed that policy to take effect while a lower court in California hears a legal challenge. Few migrants from Central America and beyond have pursued asylum claims in Mexico, so they are virtually shut out at the southern border of the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador signed agreements to receive and consider asylum-seekers that the U.S. sends them. So far, the Trump administration has flown scores of Hondurans and Salvadorans to Guatemala — despite the fact that 200,000 Guatemalans fled insecurity in their country last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past year, Homeland Security officials also sent about 60,000 non-Mexicans back to Mexico to wait while their asylum cases are decided in U.S. immigration courts. People in the so-called Remain in Mexico program have found it next to impossible to obtain U.S. immigration lawyers. Only 187 people in the program — or 0.3% — have won their cases, compared to 30% of all asylum seekers last year, according to researchers at Syracuse University. Currently an estimated 20,000 people are camped in Mexico’s most violent cities, awaiting their day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798867\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798867\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552-800x548.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552-800x548.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552-1020x699.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-973077552.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 2-year-old Honduran asylum-seeker cries as her mother is searched and detained near the U.S.-Mexico border on June 12, 2018, in McAllen, Texas. The asylum-seekers had rafted across the Rio Grande from Mexico and were detained by U.S. Border Patrol agents before being sent to a processing center for possible separation. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Separating families and zero tolerance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing migrant children from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border was one of the Trump administration’s most controversial steps. Americans reacted to the sight of sobbing children with a broad, bipartisan backlash in 2018 that led President Trump to reverse the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The separations began quietly in 2017 and increased in April 2018, after then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced a “zero tolerance” policy aimed at criminally prosecuting all adults — including parents — who crossed the border without authorization.\u003cbr>\nIn 2018, a federal judge in San Diego ordered a halt to the separations and the reunification of families. More than 18 months later, perhaps as many as 2,000 of the more than 5,500 separated children still have not been reunited with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government never got near its stated goal of “zero tolerance.” At its highest point, in June 2018, Customs and Border Protection referred 33% of unlawful border crossers to the Department of Justice, according to the Migration Policy Institute’s Sarah Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Pushing to end DACA \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2012, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals has granted temporary protection from deportation — and permission to work legally — to more than 800,000 young undocumented immigrants who were brought to the U.S. as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the Trump administration moved to end the program, calling it an overreach of President Barack Obama’s executive power. The University of California, DACA recipients and others sued, and federal judges have kept the program in place for current recipients while the case is appealed. The U.S. Supreme Court is expected to rule this spring on whether the government followed administrative procedures when it tried to end DACA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement began reopening deportation cases against DACA recipients, according to a CNN investigation. In January, acting ICE director Matthew Albence confirmed the strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently about 650,000 DACA recipients and nearly 200,000 of them live in California, many with children of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11782817\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11782817\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/RS35002_Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-qut.jpg 1290w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sindy Ortiz Flores hugs her toddler for the first time in more than a month at San Francisco International Airport on Jan. 29, 2019, as cameras surround them. The baby, Grethshell Juliet, spent a month under government custody, after immigration authorities separated her from her father at the border. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Broadening immigration enforcement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With an executive order in his first days in office, Trump wiped away the immigration enforcement priorities of Obama’s later years, which had focused narrowly on deporting violent criminals and recent border crossers. Instead, Trump made just about any “removable alien” a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the share of immigrants arrested by ICE who had no criminal record increased — from 14% in 2016 to 36% last year, according to the Migration Policy Institute’s Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deportations of people arrested in the interior of the country have not reached Obama’s 2013 peak of more than 133,000. But nearly 86,000 people were deported last year, well above the 65,000 deportations in the last year of Obama’s presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has also tried to withhold funding from so called “sanctuary cities” that limit law enforcement cooperation with ICE. The courts rejected that, but earlier in February the administration sued New Jersey and a county in Washington over sanctuary policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11772090\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11772090\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/ap_18344131910992_custom-f83e75e7ac1321965d24d2dc7e03407867be6324-800x492.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Border Patrol agents stand in front of a secondary fence in San Diego, Calif., looking across the border wall toward Mexico.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6. Restricting legal immigration \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the administration may expand the so-called “public charge” rule, even as the expansion is being challenged in court. The rule is a sweeping effort to restrict lower-income immigrants from becoming permanent U.S. residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government has long denied green cards to people who used substantial cash assistance from the government. Now the rule applies to immigrants who have used, or might use, a broad range of non-cash benefits, including food stamps and MediCal — even for short periods. San Francisco and Santa Clara counties filed the first challenge to the rule, which some call a “wealth test,” saying it could hurt the U.S. citizen children of immigrants if their parents are afraid to apply for nutrition assistance and health care they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has also proposed almost doubling the fee to apply for citizenship, to $1170, while at the same time eliminating most fee waivers for low-income applicants. In December, a federal judge in San Francisco blocked the fee waiver rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the processing time for green cards and for citizenship has almost doubled between 2015 and 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>7. Refugee and humanitarian restrictions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has slashed the number of refugees the U.S. will admit annually — from 85,000 when he was elected to 18,000 in 2020. That’s by far the lowest level since the Refugee Act was passed in 1980.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has also tried to terminate Temporary Protected Status for citizens of six countries allowed to stay in the U.S. following war or natural disaster. Roughly 400,000 TPS holders could face deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco has temporarily blocked the administration from ending TPS for people from El Salvador, Haiti, Nicaragua, Sudan, Honduras and Nepal. The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals is deciding whether to allow that injunction to stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738686\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738686\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-800x511.jpg\" alt=\"A Honduran mother stands with her daughters in the migrant shelter where they are currently living near the U.S.-Mexico border on April 4, 2019 in Tijuana. She said they are on the waiting list to apply for asylum in the U.S. and must wait at the shelter for now.\" width=\"800\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-800x511.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-1020x652.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico-1200x767.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Asylum-Seeker-Mother-Waits-in-Mexico.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Honduran mother stands with her daughters in the migrant shelter near the U.S.-Mexico border on April 4, 2019 in Tijuana. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>8. Aiming to expand detention of children\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children in immigration custody — whether they are alone or accompanied by a parent — are protected by a two-decades-old legal settlement, known as the Flores agreement. It says children should be released to an adult sponsor — but if they remain in custody, it must be in a licensed child-care facility, not a jail-like setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, a federal judge in Los Angeles ruled that kids must be released promptly from ICE family detention centers, generally within 20 days. Last year, the Trump administration published federal rules aimed at replacing Flores, in order to allow long-term family detention — something the L.A. judge blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courts also ruled that the government must provide children with soap and water, adequate food and a place to sleep, regardless of crowding in border facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, six migrant children died of illness in federal custody between September 2018 and May 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>9. Tightening pressure on immigration courts\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Trump administration has increasingly used the immigration courts — which are part of the Justice Department — to speed up deportations. In 2018, then-Attorney general Jeff Sessions stripped authority from immigration judges, barring them from dismissing or suspending low-priority cases, and setting a quota requiring every judge to complete 700 cases a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stepped-up immigration enforcement beginning under President George W. Bush has contributed to a historic backlog of more than 1 million cases — and Sessions’ order for judges to re-open administratively closed cases adds another 300,000 cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration judges say their limited discretion and the pressure to close cases faster is creating an unbearable work environment and threatening due process for immigrants whose lives are in the balance. Dana Marks, former head of the National Association of Immigration Judges, said that she and her colleagues are asked to decide the equivalent of “death penalty cases in a traffic court setting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "trumps-changes-to-immigration-could-take-years-to-undo-experts-say",
"title": "Trump's Changes to Immigration Could Take Years to Undo — Even With a New President",
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"headTitle": "Trump’s Changes to Immigration Could Take Years to Undo — Even With a New President | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>As the 2020 presidential contest ramps up, President Trump is doubling down on restricting immigration to the U.S. — a key campaign pledge he made during his first run for the White House and one that he is hoping will earn him a second term. For many voters, immigration could be a defining issue in November — whether they support or oppose his policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his first week in office in January 2017, Trump issued a series of directives to dramatically increase border enforcement, expand detention and deportation of immigrants and halt refugee resettlement. The president often speaks of immigrants as “dangerous” and a threat to Americans, using words like “criminals” and calling a migrant caravan an “invasion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, three years on, the transformation of federal immigration policy has been far-reaching, touching legal immigrants and asylum-seekers as well as immigrants in the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s antagonists, including California political leaders, have filed \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2019/11/05/all-the-presidents-immigration-lawsuits/#68e55c6a7d8e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scores of lawsuits\u003c/a> blocking many of the administration’s immigration moves — at least temporarily. But judges have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759981451/supreme-court-allows-government-to-curtail-asylum-requests-during-legal-fight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed\u003c/a> other policies to take effect, even as legal challenges work their way through federal courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801948\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11801948 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement provided this handout of an ICE enforcement operation it said was targeting immigration fugitives and re-entrants, among others, on Feb. 9, 2017, in Atlanta, Georgia. (Photo by Bryan Cox/U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump’s harsh rhetoric and restrictive policies present a stark contrast with the Democratic field of presidential candidates. But analysts say the scope of the changes made by the Trump administration is so broad that the effects are likely to endure for years, even if the president is not reelected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration’s enforcement push comes at a time when illegal immigration at the U.S.-Mexico border is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2020-Jan/U.S.%20Border%20Patrol%20Total%20Apprehensions%20%28FY%201925%20-%20FY%202019%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">far lower\u003c/a> than it was 20 years ago. And most undocumented immigrants have lived in the U.S. for a decade or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, just 577,000 immigrants were granted lawful permanent residence last year, far fewer than any time in the past two decades, when the U.S. issued roughly 1 million \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics/yearbook/2018/table1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">green cards\u003c/a> annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘One of the Major Eras of Xenophobia?’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some immigration scholars say this presidency is more hostile to immigrants than any in modern history, while advocates who favor tougher immigration policies applaud Trump’s approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis School of Law Dean Kevin R. Johnson contrasted the current era with the 1950s, when more than 1 million Mexicans were rounded up in a mass deportation campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even when he put in place Operation Wetback, President Eisenhower didn’t talk about immigrants the way this president does,” Johnson said. “The talk about race, and the fear created in immigrant communities, are what differentiates this president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Jessica Vaughan, the Center for Immigration Studies']‘Almost every part of our immigration system has been touched.’[/pullquote]“In a historical sense, it represents one of the major eras of xenophobia,” said University of San Francisco law professor Bill Ong Hing, comparing this period to the 1920s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Vaughan, director of policy studies at the Center for Immigration Studies, said that while Trump’s language is “coarse,” she gives him high marks for clamping down “to de-incentivize people streaming up to the border, thinking they’d be released into the interior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Almost every part of our immigration system has been touched,” added Vaughn, whose center favors reducing immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/1660/immigration.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/11/12/americans-immigration-policy-priorities-divisions-between-and-within-the-two-parties/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opinion\u003c/a> polls show that most Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/11/12/americans-immigration-policy-priorities-divisions-between-and-within-the-two-parties/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">support\u003c/a> border security as well as a path to citizenship for undocumented immigrants, and they favor taking in refugees of war and violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11757637\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11757637\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/ap_19126782050207_wide-926c85f779a71eddf5da6a166e583dd036c4cd76-800x450.jpg\" alt='Cuban migrants cross a bridge in Mexico to be processed as asylum-seekers in the U.S. The labor union representing asylum officers claims the policy formally known as the Migrant Protection Protocols is a \"widespread violation\" of international and domestic la' width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cuban migrants cross a bridge in Mexico to be processed as asylum-seekers in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Christian Torres/AP )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Little Tweaks, Huge Policy Implications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So far, immigration changes under Trump have not been enshrined in new laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, he has used his executive authority, like other presidents before him, to accomplish his goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11801856 label='the lasting impact of trump' hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_immigration_girl-qut-1020x642.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Little tweaks have huge policy implications,” said Sarah Pierce, an immigration policy analyst at the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C. “So any future administration that’s more friendly to immigration is going to require decades to reverse this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at what those changes add up to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Trying to build a border wall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump’s pledge to build a wall on the Mexican border galvanized enthusiasm among his supporters, but it has proven difficult — and costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress approved much less money than Trump requested — $1.3 billion in the 2020 spending bill, rather than $8.6 billion. Despite legal challenges, conservative court majorities have recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/09/794969121/appeals-court-allows-trump-to-divert-3-6-billion-in-military-funds-for-border-wa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed construction\u003c/a> to move ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of January, the government had built one mile of new barrier and 100 miles of replacement or secondary fencing — at a cost of almost $20 million per mile, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/797410228/at-11-billion-and-counting-trumps-border-wall-would-be-the-worlds-most-expensive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Restricting access to asylum\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration may not have gotten far with a physical wall, but it has succeeded in erecting a virtual wall of regulations, blocking tens of thousands of migrants from being considered for asylum at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example: Over the past year, border officials sent about 60,000 non-Mexicans back to Mexico to wait while their asylum cases are decided in U.S. immigration courts. It’s next to impossible for migrants in the so-called Remain in Mexico program to find U.S. immigration lawyers, and fewer than 200 have won their cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last year, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/07/16/2019-15246/asylum-eligibility-and-procedural-modifications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new rule\u003c/a> shut out all asylum-seekers who crossed a “third country” en route to the U.S. but didn’t ask for protection there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal courts have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759981451/supreme-court-allows-government-to-curtail-asylum-requests-during-legal-fight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed both policies\u003c/a> to take effect while lower courts hear legal challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Separating families and zero tolerance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing migrant children from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border was one of the Trump administration’s most controversial steps — and prompted a broad, bipartisan backlash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The separations began after then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced a “zero tolerance” policy aimed at criminally prosecuting all adults — including parents — who cross the border illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, a federal judge in San Diego halted the separations and ordered the reunification of families. More than 18 months later, perhaps as many as 2,000 of the more than 5,500 separated children still have not been reunited with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798878\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798878\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People demonstrate in Washington, DC, on June 28, 2018, demanding an end to the separation of migrant children from their parents. (Photo credit should read NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Pushing to end DACA \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2012, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals has granted temporary protection from deportation — and permission to work — to \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-studies/immigration-forms-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 800,000\u003c/a> young undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the Trump administration moved to end DACA, calling it an \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/attorney-general-sessions-delivers-remarks-daca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">overreach\u003c/a> of President Barack Obama’s executive power. The University of California and others sued, and federal judges have kept the program in place while the case is appealed. The U.S. Supreme Court is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785839/u-s-supreme-court-takes-on-daca-and-the-fate-of-nearly-200000-california-dreamers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expected\u003c/a> to rule this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently about 650,000 DACA recipients and nearly 200,000 of them live in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Broadening immigration enforcement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united-states/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a> in his first days in office, Trump wiped away Obama’s deportation priorities, which had focused on violent criminals and recent border crossers. Instead, Trump made just about any “removable alien” a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the share of immigrants arrested by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement who had no criminal record grew — from 14% in 2016 to 36% last year, according to Pierce of the Migration Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Restricting legal immigration \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the administration may expand the so-called “public charge” rule, even as that’s being challenged in court. The rule is a sweeping effort to restrict lower-income immigrants from becoming permanent U.S. residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government has long denied green cards to people who used substantial cash assistance from the government. Now the rule applies to immigrants who have used, or might use, many more non-cash benefits, including food stamps and MediCal — even for short periods. San Francisco and Santa Clara counties filed the first challenge to the rule, saying it could hurt the U.S. citizen children of immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Refugee and humanitarian restrictions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/us-annual-refugee-resettlement-ceilings-and-number-refugees-admitted-united\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slashed\u003c/a> the number of refugees the U.S. will admit annually — from 85,000 when he was elected, to a historic low of 18,000 for 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Sarah Pierce, Migration Policy Institute']‘Little tweaks have huge policy implications. So any future administration that’s more friendly to immigration is going to require decades to reverse this.’[/pullquote]The administration has also tried to terminate Temporary Protected Status for citizens of six countries allowed to stay in the U.S. following war or natural disaster. Roughly \u003ca href=\"https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20190329_RS20844_40bba737bf5e4440ac7bebb19757db87fe994fa4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">400,000 TPS holders\u003c/a> could face deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11783511/trump-administration-extends-protections-for-many-salvadorans-living-in-u-s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temporarily blocked\u003c/a> the administration from ending TPS for people from El Salvador, Haiti, Nicaragua, Sudan, Honduras and Nepal. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals is deciding whether to allow that injunction to stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Aiming to expand detention of children\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children in immigration custody are protected by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/flores-v-reno-settlement-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Flores settlement agreement\u003c/a>. It says children should be released to an adult sponsor — but if they remain in custody, it must be in a licensed child care facility, not a jail-like setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, a federal judge in Los Angeles ruled that kids must be released promptly from ICE family detention centers, generally within 20 days. Last year, the Trump administration published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11769437/whats-in-new-trump-immigration-rule-overriding-flores-agreement-3-key-changes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal rules aimed\u003c/a> at replacing Flores and permitting long-term family detention, which the L.A. judge blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, six migrant children \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/six-children-died-in-border-patrol-care-democrats-in-congress-want-to-know-why\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">died\u003c/a> of illness in federal custody between September 2018 and May 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Tightening pressure on immigration courts\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department, which oversees immigration courts, has tried to speed up deportations by setting a quota requiring judges to complete 700 cases a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then-Attorney General Sessions also stripped authority from immigration judges, barring them from dismissing or suspending low-priority cases. Sessions also ordered judges to reopen more than 300,000 cases that had been administratively closed. That’s on top of a historic backlog of more than 1 million cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration judges say their limited discretion and the pressure to close cases faster is creating an “\u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/changing-america/well-being/mental-health/480165-immigration-judges-are-retiring-and-quitting-early\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unbearable\u003c/a>” work environment and threatening due process for immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796924\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11796924\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A woman waits to hear her place on a list of people waiting in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 18, 2018, to seek asylum in the U.S.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman waits to hear her place on a list of people waiting in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 18, 2018, to seek asylum in the U.S. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Implications\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How lasting President Trump’s immigration restrictions prove will largely depend on the 2020 election, and who wins not just the presidency but also control of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his State of the Union speech in early February, Trump emphasized his push to build a border wall, his opposition to sanctuary cities and his agreements that turn back asylum-seekers at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a strategy that Jessica Vaughan, with the conservative Center for Immigration Studies, believes will be popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are insistent that the laws be enforced. That’s a strength for him going into this election and he knows it,” she said. “We’re going to see him keep doing things he thinks are going to play well with voters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11797878,news_11796825,news_11785839]But others believe Trump’s tough-on-immigrants approach could backfire this year, even though it worked for him in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt Barreto, a professor of political science at UCLA and co-founder of the Latino Decisions polling firm, said \u003ca href=\"http://publications.unidosus.org/bitstream/handle/123456789/1996/TheStateoftheLatinoVote.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">polls show Latino\u003c/a> and immigrant voters are angry over the president’s racially polarizing language, family separations and the deaths of migrant children in federal custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one’s in favor of putting kids in cages and giving them space blankets,” Barreto said. “It’s a hard thing to sell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robust Latino turnout in 2018 helped flip at least a dozen congressional seats from Republican to Democrat, according to Barreto’s research, and it could play a big role in this year’s general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think on Super Tuesday we’ll get a really big clue,” he said. “We’ll have [primaries in] Texas and California both. If the turnout is really robust we’ll see that people are amped up and ready to participate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is reelected, Vaughan and others expect him to put forward a major immigration bill crafted by presidential adviser and son-in-law Jared Kushner. The proposal codifies many restrictive enforcement measures and favors high-skilled immigrants over family-based immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For advocates and politicians, immigration is intensely polarizing, said Theresa Cardinal Brown, director of immigration policy at the centrist Bipartisan Policy Center in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Immigration is now ranking up amongst those insoluble, intractable issues like abortion and gun control,” she said. “There’s no middle ground that people will admit to … And that’s highly problematic for an issue like immigration that has to be legislated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she believes that public opinion is more nuanced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People believe in a middle ground,” she said. “They say, ‘Sure we can secure our borders, but we can also have compassion for immigrants. Sure we can tighten our legal immigration system, but that doesn’t mean we have to break up families.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The transformation of federal immigration policy has been far-reaching — so broad that the effects are likely to endure for years, even if the president is not reelected, experts say.",
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"title": "Trump's Changes to Immigration Could Take Years to Undo — Even With a New President | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the 2020 presidential contest ramps up, President Trump is doubling down on restricting immigration to the U.S. — a key campaign pledge he made during his first run for the White House and one that he is hoping will earn him a second term. For many voters, immigration could be a defining issue in November — whether they support or oppose his policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his first week in office in January 2017, Trump issued a series of directives to dramatically increase border enforcement, expand detention and deportation of immigrants and halt refugee resettlement. The president often speaks of immigrants as “dangerous” and a threat to Americans, using words like “criminals” and calling a migrant caravan an “invasion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, three years on, the transformation of federal immigration policy has been far-reaching, touching legal immigrants and asylum-seekers as well as immigrants in the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s antagonists, including California political leaders, have filed \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2019/11/05/all-the-presidents-immigration-lawsuits/#68e55c6a7d8e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scores of lawsuits\u003c/a> blocking many of the administration’s immigration moves — at least temporarily. But judges have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759981451/supreme-court-allows-government-to-curtail-asylum-requests-during-legal-fight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed\u003c/a> other policies to take effect, even as legal challenges work their way through federal courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801948\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11801948 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/02142020_ICE-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement provided this handout of an ICE enforcement operation it said was targeting immigration fugitives and re-entrants, among others, on Feb. 9, 2017, in Atlanta, Georgia. (Photo by Bryan Cox/U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump’s harsh rhetoric and restrictive policies present a stark contrast with the Democratic field of presidential candidates. But analysts say the scope of the changes made by the Trump administration is so broad that the effects are likely to endure for years, even if the president is not reelected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration’s enforcement push comes at a time when illegal immigration at the U.S.-Mexico border is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2020-Jan/U.S.%20Border%20Patrol%20Total%20Apprehensions%20%28FY%201925%20-%20FY%202019%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">far lower\u003c/a> than it was 20 years ago. And most undocumented immigrants have lived in the U.S. for a decade or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, just 577,000 immigrants were granted lawful permanent residence last year, far fewer than any time in the past two decades, when the U.S. issued roughly 1 million \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics/yearbook/2018/table1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">green cards\u003c/a> annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘One of the Major Eras of Xenophobia?’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some immigration scholars say this presidency is more hostile to immigrants than any in modern history, while advocates who favor tougher immigration policies applaud Trump’s approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis School of Law Dean Kevin R. Johnson contrasted the current era with the 1950s, when more than 1 million Mexicans were rounded up in a mass deportation campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even when he put in place Operation Wetback, President Eisenhower didn’t talk about immigrants the way this president does,” Johnson said. “The talk about race, and the fear created in immigrant communities, are what differentiates this president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Almost every part of our immigration system has been touched.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“In a historical sense, it represents one of the major eras of xenophobia,” said University of San Francisco law professor Bill Ong Hing, comparing this period to the 1920s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Vaughan, director of policy studies at the Center for Immigration Studies, said that while Trump’s language is “coarse,” she gives him high marks for clamping down “to de-incentivize people streaming up to the border, thinking they’d be released into the interior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Almost every part of our immigration system has been touched,” added Vaughn, whose center favors reducing immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/1660/immigration.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/11/12/americans-immigration-policy-priorities-divisions-between-and-within-the-two-parties/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opinion\u003c/a> polls show that most Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/11/12/americans-immigration-policy-priorities-divisions-between-and-within-the-two-parties/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">support\u003c/a> border security as well as a path to citizenship for undocumented immigrants, and they favor taking in refugees of war and violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11757637\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11757637\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/ap_19126782050207_wide-926c85f779a71eddf5da6a166e583dd036c4cd76-800x450.jpg\" alt='Cuban migrants cross a bridge in Mexico to be processed as asylum-seekers in the U.S. The labor union representing asylum officers claims the policy formally known as the Migrant Protection Protocols is a \"widespread violation\" of international and domestic la' width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cuban migrants cross a bridge in Mexico to be processed as asylum-seekers in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Christian Torres/AP )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Little Tweaks, Huge Policy Implications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So far, immigration changes under Trump have not been enshrined in new laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, he has used his executive authority, like other presidents before him, to accomplish his goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Little tweaks have huge policy implications,” said Sarah Pierce, an immigration policy analyst at the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C. “So any future administration that’s more friendly to immigration is going to require decades to reverse this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at what those changes add up to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Trying to build a border wall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump’s pledge to build a wall on the Mexican border galvanized enthusiasm among his supporters, but it has proven difficult — and costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress approved much less money than Trump requested — $1.3 billion in the 2020 spending bill, rather than $8.6 billion. Despite legal challenges, conservative court majorities have recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/09/794969121/appeals-court-allows-trump-to-divert-3-6-billion-in-military-funds-for-border-wa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed construction\u003c/a> to move ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of January, the government had built one mile of new barrier and 100 miles of replacement or secondary fencing — at a cost of almost $20 million per mile, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/797410228/at-11-billion-and-counting-trumps-border-wall-would-be-the-worlds-most-expensive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Restricting access to asylum\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration may not have gotten far with a physical wall, but it has succeeded in erecting a virtual wall of regulations, blocking tens of thousands of migrants from being considered for asylum at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example: Over the past year, border officials sent about 60,000 non-Mexicans back to Mexico to wait while their asylum cases are decided in U.S. immigration courts. It’s next to impossible for migrants in the so-called Remain in Mexico program to find U.S. immigration lawyers, and fewer than 200 have won their cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last year, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/07/16/2019-15246/asylum-eligibility-and-procedural-modifications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new rule\u003c/a> shut out all asylum-seekers who crossed a “third country” en route to the U.S. but didn’t ask for protection there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal courts have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/11/759981451/supreme-court-allows-government-to-curtail-asylum-requests-during-legal-fight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allowed both policies\u003c/a> to take effect while lower courts hear legal challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Separating families and zero tolerance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing migrant children from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border was one of the Trump administration’s most controversial steps — and prompted a broad, bipartisan backlash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The separations began after then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced a “zero tolerance” policy aimed at criminally prosecuting all adults — including parents — who cross the border illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, a federal judge in San Diego halted the separations and ordered the reunification of families. More than 18 months later, perhaps as many as 2,000 of the more than 5,500 separated children still have not been reunited with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798878\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798878\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-986359448.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People demonstrate in Washington, DC, on June 28, 2018, demanding an end to the separation of migrant children from their parents. (Photo credit should read NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Pushing to end DACA \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2012, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals has granted temporary protection from deportation — and permission to work — to \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-studies/immigration-forms-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 800,000\u003c/a> young undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the Trump administration moved to end DACA, calling it an \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/attorney-general-sessions-delivers-remarks-daca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">overreach\u003c/a> of President Barack Obama’s executive power. The University of California and others sued, and federal judges have kept the program in place while the case is appealed. The U.S. Supreme Court is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785839/u-s-supreme-court-takes-on-daca-and-the-fate-of-nearly-200000-california-dreamers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expected\u003c/a> to rule this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently about 650,000 DACA recipients and nearly 200,000 of them live in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Broadening immigration enforcement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united-states/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a> in his first days in office, Trump wiped away Obama’s deportation priorities, which had focused on violent criminals and recent border crossers. Instead, Trump made just about any “removable alien” a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the share of immigrants arrested by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement who had no criminal record grew — from 14% in 2016 to 36% last year, according to Pierce of the Migration Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Restricting legal immigration \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the administration may expand the so-called “public charge” rule, even as that’s being challenged in court. The rule is a sweeping effort to restrict lower-income immigrants from becoming permanent U.S. residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government has long denied green cards to people who used substantial cash assistance from the government. Now the rule applies to immigrants who have used, or might use, many more non-cash benefits, including food stamps and MediCal — even for short periods. San Francisco and Santa Clara counties filed the first challenge to the rule, saying it could hurt the U.S. citizen children of immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Refugee and humanitarian restrictions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/us-annual-refugee-resettlement-ceilings-and-number-refugees-admitted-united\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slashed\u003c/a> the number of refugees the U.S. will admit annually — from 85,000 when he was elected, to a historic low of 18,000 for 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Little tweaks have huge policy implications. So any future administration that’s more friendly to immigration is going to require decades to reverse this.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The administration has also tried to terminate Temporary Protected Status for citizens of six countries allowed to stay in the U.S. following war or natural disaster. Roughly \u003ca href=\"https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20190329_RS20844_40bba737bf5e4440ac7bebb19757db87fe994fa4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">400,000 TPS holders\u003c/a> could face deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11783511/trump-administration-extends-protections-for-many-salvadorans-living-in-u-s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temporarily blocked\u003c/a> the administration from ending TPS for people from El Salvador, Haiti, Nicaragua, Sudan, Honduras and Nepal. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals is deciding whether to allow that injunction to stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Aiming to expand detention of children\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children in immigration custody are protected by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/flores-v-reno-settlement-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Flores settlement agreement\u003c/a>. It says children should be released to an adult sponsor — but if they remain in custody, it must be in a licensed child care facility, not a jail-like setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, a federal judge in Los Angeles ruled that kids must be released promptly from ICE family detention centers, generally within 20 days. Last year, the Trump administration published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11769437/whats-in-new-trump-immigration-rule-overriding-flores-agreement-3-key-changes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal rules aimed\u003c/a> at replacing Flores and permitting long-term family detention, which the L.A. judge blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, six migrant children \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/six-children-died-in-border-patrol-care-democrats-in-congress-want-to-know-why\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">died\u003c/a> of illness in federal custody between September 2018 and May 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>— Tightening pressure on immigration courts\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department, which oversees immigration courts, has tried to speed up deportations by setting a quota requiring judges to complete 700 cases a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then-Attorney General Sessions also stripped authority from immigration judges, barring them from dismissing or suspending low-priority cases. Sessions also ordered judges to reopen more than 300,000 cases that had been administratively closed. That’s on top of a historic backlog of more than 1 million cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration judges say their limited discretion and the pressure to close cases faster is creating an “\u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/changing-america/well-being/mental-health/480165-immigration-judges-are-retiring-and-quitting-early\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unbearable\u003c/a>” work environment and threatening due process for immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11796924\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11796924\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A woman waits to hear her place on a list of people waiting in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 18, 2018, to seek asylum in the U.S.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/01172020_asylum-seeker_mexico-qut.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman waits to hear her place on a list of people waiting in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 18, 2018, to seek asylum in the U.S. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Implications\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How lasting President Trump’s immigration restrictions prove will largely depend on the 2020 election, and who wins not just the presidency but also control of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his State of the Union speech in early February, Trump emphasized his push to build a border wall, his opposition to sanctuary cities and his agreements that turn back asylum-seekers at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a strategy that Jessica Vaughan, with the conservative Center for Immigration Studies, believes will be popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are insistent that the laws be enforced. That’s a strength for him going into this election and he knows it,” she said. “We’re going to see him keep doing things he thinks are going to play well with voters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But others believe Trump’s tough-on-immigrants approach could backfire this year, even though it worked for him in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt Barreto, a professor of political science at UCLA and co-founder of the Latino Decisions polling firm, said \u003ca href=\"http://publications.unidosus.org/bitstream/handle/123456789/1996/TheStateoftheLatinoVote.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">polls show Latino\u003c/a> and immigrant voters are angry over the president’s racially polarizing language, family separations and the deaths of migrant children in federal custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one’s in favor of putting kids in cages and giving them space blankets,” Barreto said. “It’s a hard thing to sell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robust Latino turnout in 2018 helped flip at least a dozen congressional seats from Republican to Democrat, according to Barreto’s research, and it could play a big role in this year’s general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think on Super Tuesday we’ll get a really big clue,” he said. “We’ll have [primaries in] Texas and California both. If the turnout is really robust we’ll see that people are amped up and ready to participate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is reelected, Vaughan and others expect him to put forward a major immigration bill crafted by presidential adviser and son-in-law Jared Kushner. The proposal codifies many restrictive enforcement measures and favors high-skilled immigrants over family-based immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For advocates and politicians, immigration is intensely polarizing, said Theresa Cardinal Brown, director of immigration policy at the centrist Bipartisan Policy Center in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Immigration is now ranking up amongst those insoluble, intractable issues like abortion and gun control,” she said. “There’s no middle ground that people will admit to … And that’s highly problematic for an issue like immigration that has to be legislated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she believes that public opinion is more nuanced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People believe in a middle ground,” she said. “They say, ‘Sure we can secure our borders, but we can also have compassion for immigrants. Sure we can tighten our legal immigration system, but that doesn’t mean we have to break up families.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "From the Bay to the Supreme Court: A Doctor's Fight for DACA",
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"content": "\u003cp>Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn immigrated to the United States with his family as a kid. They settled in the Bay Area, where they spent years living in the shadows as undocumented immigrants. They avoided visits to the doctor’s and anything that would get them noticed. Then came the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, which gave Latthivongskorn temporary protection from deportation — and the chance to work as a physician himself. Now, the Trump Administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785839/u-s-supreme-court-takes-on-daca-and-the-fate-of-nearly-200000-california-dreamers\">threatened the fate of DACA\u003c/a>, and Latthivongskorn is heading to the Supreme Court to fight back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guest:\u003c/strong> Farida Jhabvala Romero, Immigration Reporter for KQED\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump falsely claimed that some Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals recipients \"are very tough, hardened criminals\" on the same day the \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorescotusdaca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Supreme Court heard arguments\u003c/a> about the immigration program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DACA program bars anyone with a felony conviction — and even serious misdemeanors — from participating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now we can add tough, hardened DACA criminals to Trump's fever dreams of \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/01/10/unbelievable-vehicles-used-smuggle-immigrants-are-mostly-factory-issue-sedans/?utm_term=.507e20a25a5c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">unbelievable vehicles\u003c/a>\" and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/trumps-missing-dnc-server-is-neither-missing-nor-a-server\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">missing server\u003c/a> in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump falsely claimed that some Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals recipients \"are very tough, hardened criminals\" on the same day the \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorescotusdaca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Supreme Court heard arguments\u003c/a> about the immigration program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DACA program bars anyone with a felony conviction — and even serious misdemeanors — from participating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now we can add tough, hardened DACA criminals to Trump's fever dreams of \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/01/10/unbelievable-vehicles-used-smuggle-immigrants-are-mostly-factory-issue-sedans/?utm_term=.507e20a25a5c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">unbelievable vehicles\u003c/a>\" and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/trumps-missing-dnc-server-is-neither-missing-nor-a-server\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">missing server\u003c/a> in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>WASHINGTON — The Supreme Court's conservative majority seems prepared to let the Trump administration end a program that allows some undocumented immigrants to work legally in the United States and protects them from deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There did not appear to be any support among the five conservatives in extended arguments Tuesday for blocking the administration's decision to wind down the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program. It currently protects 660,000 immigrants who came to the United States as children and are here illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Justice John Roberts and Justice Brett Kavanaugh were among the justices who indicated that the administration has provided sufficient reason for wanting to do away with the program. Justices Neil Gorsuch and Samuel Alito raised questions about whether courts should even be reviewing the executive branch's discretionary decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the Supreme Court, more than 1,000 DACA recipients and supporters rallied and chanted, “Sin papeles. Sin miedo. Undocumented. Unafraid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jirayut \"New\" Latthivongskorn, a medical resident at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and DACA recipient, traveled to the hearing and said he could hear the chants from inside the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My nerves were all gone,” said Latthivongskorn, who is also one of the plaintiffs challenging the Trump administration's decision to end DACA. “It was more so pride and just certainty in our community that showed us they had the courage to be here today to say we will not go down without a fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court's decision is expected by June, at the height of the 2020 presidential campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program was begun under President Barack Obama. The Trump administration announced in September 2017 that it would end DACA protections, but lower federal courts have stepped in to keep the program alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump tweeted Tuesday that if the Supreme Court overturns the immigrants' protections \"a deal will be made with the Dems for them to stay!\" But Trump's past promises to work with Democrats on a legislative solution for these immigrants have not led to an agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1194219655717642240\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump said in his tweet that many program participants are \"far from 'angels,' \" and he falsely claimed that \"some are very tough, hardened criminals.\" The program bars anyone with a felony conviction from participating. Serious misdemeanors may also bar eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Sonia Sotomayor made the only direct reference to Trump, saying he told DACA recipients \"that they were safe under him and that he'd find a way to keep them here. And he hasn't.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also complained that the administration's rationale has shifted over time and that it has mainly relied on the view that DACA is illegal, leaving no choice but to end it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her most pointed comment, Sotomayor said the administration has failed to plainly say, \"This is about our choice to destroy lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solicitor General Noel Francisco, Trump's top Supreme Court lawyer, did not directly respond to Sotomayor. But near the end of the 80-minute arguments, he asserted that the administration has taken responsibility for its decision and is not relying only on its belief that DACA is illegal. \"We own this,\" Francisco said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11785839' hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DACA-Protester-SCOTUS-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts, who could hold the pivotal vote on the court, aimed his few questions at lawyers representing DACA recipients and their supporters. He did not seriously question the administration's argument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in June the chief justice surprised many observers when he cast the deciding vote to prevent the administration from adding a citizenship question to the 2020 census, despite not voicing much skepticism during arguments in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some DACA recipients who are part of the lawsuit against Trump's action were in the courtroom for the arguments. Many people camped out in front of the court for days for a chance at some of the few seats available to the general public. Roberts rejected a request to provide live or same-day audio of the arguments. The court will post the audio on its website on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the court agrees with the administration in the DACA case, Congress could follow up by putting the program on surer legal footing. But the absence of comprehensive immigration reform from Congress is what prompted Obama to create DACA in 2012, giving people two-year renewable reprieves from the threat of deportation while also allowing them to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal courts struck down an expansion of DACA and the creation of similar protections for undocumented immigrants whose children are U.S. citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's anti-immigrant rhetoric was a key part of his presidential campaign in 2016, and his administration pointed to the invalidation of the expansion and the threat of a lawsuit against DACA by Texas and other Republican-led states as reasons to bring the program to a halt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young immigrants, civil rights groups, universities and Democratic-led cities and states sued to block the administration. They persuaded courts in New York, San Francisco and Washington, D.C., that the administration had been \"arbitrary and capricious\" in its actions, in violation of a federal law that requires policy changes to be done in an orderly way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra called Tuesday an important day for DACA recipients, also known as Dreamers, and for the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was a fight for the values that have made America the beacon of hope around the world, the place that people wish to come to live out their dreams,\" Becerra said. \"And I believe that nine justices heard why we must continue to have that as our legacy ... I think it also stood out that the actions by the Trump administration were not only unlawful, but were unwise and would be consequential for so many Americans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Farida Jhabvala Romero contributed reporting to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>November marks the 25th anniversary of the passage of Proposition 187, which aimed to prohibit undocumented immigrants living in California from receiving medical, educational and other social services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most of the law never took effect, its passage — with broad support from California voters — might have the most lasting impact on California’s politics of any proposition in a generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Brian Watt spoke with Los Angeles Times columnist Gustavo Arellano, who hosts a new podcast about the proposition, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-10-15/prop-187-this-is-california-battle-podcast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“This is California: The Battle of 187.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for clarity and brevity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>We are a day ahead of a Supreme Court hearing about the DACA program. Do you see parallels between the campaign to pass Proposition 187 25 years ago and what the Trump administration is doing today?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11785839\" label=\"\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely. In many ways, this is the dream of the backers of 187 manifesting itself in the Supreme Court. But let’s not forget, one of the main tenets of Proposition 187 was to deny public education from kindergarten all the way up through universities to anyone who was undocumented. And that’s what the DACA generation is, but now we’re seeing this, it’s [a] blast from the past … about to be heard at the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786082\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11786082\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/March_Against_Prop_187_in_Fresno_California_1994_35357476831-e1573507412248.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1312\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Proposition 187 aimed to prohibit undocumented immigrants in California from receiving medical, educational and other social services 25 years ago. \u003ccite>(David Prasad/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You focus a lot on how Proposition 187 inspired Latinos in California politically. How exactly did that happen?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11785708,forum_2010101874302,news_11655838\" label=\"Related coverage\"]Think about it, my generation: I’m a sophomore in high school. People younger than me, people older than me, a lot of us have parents who are undocumented or are undocumented ourselves. And now we hear from the governor of California, Pete Wilson, that we’re the reason why California is in such dire straits. And we start seeing commercials saying that we are the ruin of California. Yeah, you’re going to be a little bit upset.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though 187 passed by [a] big margin — 59 to 41% — it inspired that generation of Latinos like myself to say, “You know what? Never again. We’re not going to take this in California. We’re going to get into politics. We’re going to get involved in our community.” … Really, we are the children of 187. Now we hold a supermajority in the California state Legislature, the Democrats do. But the people who are running it really is the Latino legislative caucus, and they’ve made California into a sanctuary state — the absolute antithesis of what 187’s backers ever imagined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you feel like people are looking to Prop. 187 and what happened to reverse it in the campaign against it — even once it had passed by voters — as they consider how to combat President Trump’s policies today?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely. It’s two lessons, actually. On one hand, it teaches you what happens if you demonize Latinos, if you demonize immigrants, there’s gonna be a backlash. But at the same time, another article I did for the Los Angeles Times, it gave a blueprint for anti-immigration groups to then spawn similar measures on both the local and the state level all across the United States. It really created that runway for which Donald Trump was able to take off using very nativist rhetoric. Now with this DACA hearing in the Supreme Court, it’s almost like, OK, we’re almost the end game at this 187 fable. But, hey, if it happens in California, it’s going to happen everywhere else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "KQED's Brian Watt speaks with Los Angeles Times columnist Gustavo Arellano about the passage of the proposition 25 years ago and its lasting impact on California politics.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>November marks the 25th anniversary of the passage of Proposition 187, which aimed to prohibit undocumented immigrants living in California from receiving medical, educational and other social services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most of the law never took effect, its passage — with broad support from California voters — might have the most lasting impact on California’s politics of any proposition in a generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Brian Watt spoke with Los Angeles Times columnist Gustavo Arellano, who hosts a new podcast about the proposition, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-10-15/prop-187-this-is-california-battle-podcast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“This is California: The Battle of 187.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for clarity and brevity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>We are a day ahead of a Supreme Court hearing about the DACA program. Do you see parallels between the campaign to pass Proposition 187 25 years ago and what the Trump administration is doing today?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely. In many ways, this is the dream of the backers of 187 manifesting itself in the Supreme Court. But let’s not forget, one of the main tenets of Proposition 187 was to deny public education from kindergarten all the way up through universities to anyone who was undocumented. And that’s what the DACA generation is, but now we’re seeing this, it’s [a] blast from the past … about to be heard at the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786082\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11786082\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/March_Against_Prop_187_in_Fresno_California_1994_35357476831-e1573507412248.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1312\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Proposition 187 aimed to prohibit undocumented immigrants in California from receiving medical, educational and other social services 25 years ago. \u003ccite>(David Prasad/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You focus a lot on how Proposition 187 inspired Latinos in California politically. How exactly did that happen?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Think about it, my generation: I’m a sophomore in high school. People younger than me, people older than me, a lot of us have parents who are undocumented or are undocumented ourselves. And now we hear from the governor of California, Pete Wilson, that we’re the reason why California is in such dire straits. And we start seeing commercials saying that we are the ruin of California. Yeah, you’re going to be a little bit upset.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though 187 passed by [a] big margin — 59 to 41% — it inspired that generation of Latinos like myself to say, “You know what? Never again. We’re not going to take this in California. We’re going to get into politics. We’re going to get involved in our community.” … Really, we are the children of 187. Now we hold a supermajority in the California state Legislature, the Democrats do. But the people who are running it really is the Latino legislative caucus, and they’ve made California into a sanctuary state — the absolute antithesis of what 187’s backers ever imagined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you feel like people are looking to Prop. 187 and what happened to reverse it in the campaign against it — even once it had passed by voters — as they consider how to combat President Trump’s policies today?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely. It’s two lessons, actually. On one hand, it teaches you what happens if you demonize Latinos, if you demonize immigrants, there’s gonna be a backlash. But at the same time, another article I did for the Los Angeles Times, it gave a blueprint for anti-immigration groups to then spawn similar measures on both the local and the state level all across the United States. It really created that runway for which Donald Trump was able to take off using very nativist rhetoric. Now with this DACA hearing in the Supreme Court, it’s almost like, OK, we’re almost the end game at this 187 fable. But, hey, if it happens in California, it’s going to happen everywhere else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "U.S. Supreme Court Takes on DACA – and Fate of Nearly 200,000 California Dreamers",
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"content": "\u003cp>These days, Dr. Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn spends long hours in the adult inpatient unit at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, treating patients with cancer, heart failure, diabetes and other illnesses as a first-year medical resident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday, Latthivongskorn will be in Washington, D.C., at a U.S. Supreme Court hearing instead. He is one of the plaintiffs fighting the ending of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, commonly known as DACA — a program that protects him and more than 660,000 undocumented young adults nationwide from deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to admit, I’m nervous,” said Latthivongskorn, 29, the first undocumented student to graduate from UCSF School of Medicine in its 155-year history. “But I do remain hopeful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Dr. Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn']‘Any little thing in our mind could lead to the possibility of being detained and deported.’[/pullquote]The nine justices will consider whether the Trump administration’s decision to wind down DACA two years ago was arbitrary and capricious, and violated a U.S. law that controls how government agencies can make and change rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration maintains that the Obama-era program, which grants temporary protection from deportation to young undocumented adults brought to the U.S. as children, is unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Such an open-ended circumvention of immigration laws was an unconstitutional exercise of authority by the Executive Branch,” then Attorney General Jeff Sessions \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/attorney-general-sessions-delivers-remarks-daca\">said\u003c/a> in September 2017. “Simply put, if we are to further our goal of strengthening the constitutional order and the rule of law in America, the Department of Justice cannot defend this type of overreach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But federal judges in San Francisco, Washington, D.C., and New York have since ordered the government to keep the protections in place for existing DACA recipients after the University of California, the state of California, DACA recipients and others sued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration appealed, and the fight over protections for so-called Dreamers made its way up to the highest court in the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The last two years have been an extended limbo,” said Latthivongskorn, who fears he won’t be able to work as a doctor if the court allows the Trump administration to end the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, about 27,000 DACA recipients, including Latthivongskorn, work in health care, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2019/09/05/474177/know-daca-recipients-united-states/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a report\u003c/a> by the liberal Center for American Progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11785847\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11785847\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn, a DACA recipient, finishes a shift as a medical resident at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center on Nov. 4, 2019. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Any Little Thing Could Lead to Deportation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latthivongskorn was 9 when his family came to the U.S. from Thailand on a tourist visa. They never left: He grew up in Milpitas and Sacramento, where his parents worked low-wage jobs in restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many years, the fear of deportation permeated the family’s life, Latthivongskorn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were afraid of going to the doctor’s clinic and what that could do. We were afraid of a traffic light that we could get stopped at,” he said. “Because any little thing in our mind could lead to the possibility of being detained and deported.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]‘The administration maintains that the Obama-era program, which grants temporary protection from deportation to young undocumented adults brought to the U.S. as children, is unlawful.’[/pullquote]Growing up, Latthivongskorn dedicated his energy to excelling at school. He graduated from high school in Sacramento and won private scholarships that enabled him to get through UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After college, Latthivongskorn and two other undocumented friends, Denisse Rojas and Angel Ku, founded Pre-Health Dreamers, an organization dedicated to helping undocumented students pursue careers in science and health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Obama Announces DACA\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 15, 2012, just a month after Latthivongskorn earned his bachelor’s degree in molecular and cell biology at UC Berkeley, President Barack Obama announced \u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2012/08/15/deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-who-can-be-considered\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DACA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented immigrants, who had arrived in the U.S. before age 16 and were under 31 years old, passed background checks and had finished high school or were enrolled in school, would be eligible for renewable, two-year work permits and protection from deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama billed the new policy as a temporary fix, while Congress debated a permanent legalization for Dreamers that never materialized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a temporary stopgap measure that lets us focus our resources wisely while giving a degree of relief and hope to talented, driven, patriotic young people,” he \u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/06/15/remarks-president-immigration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young, undocumented people came out of the shadows in droves, trusting the federal government with their addresses and personal information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then-Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano put the program into action. Now, she is a plaintiff in one of the lawsuits to protect DACA, as president of the University of California, where about 1,700 DACA students are enrolled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“DACA students are an important part of the university community,” Napolitano said. “They become doctors, they become lawyers, they become teachers, they become taxpayers. All of that return on investment is lost if DACA goes away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her tenure, the university has allocated “several millions of dollars” to support student centers and free legal services for undocumented students, said Napolitano, who recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/university-california-president-janet-napolitano-announces-decision-step-down-next-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced\u003c/a> that she will step down from her post next summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DACA Benefits\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Repealing DACA and deporting its beneficiaries would cost the U.S. about $215 billion in lost economic growth, and $60 billion in lost federal taxes over the next decade, according to a 2017 \u003ca href=\"https://www.cato.org/blog/economic-fiscal-impact-repealing-daca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> by researchers at the libertarian Cato Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of DACA recipients are employed, and the program helps them support their families. Many of these young adults are parents, with an estimated 250,000 U.S. citizen children, including almost 73,000 kids in California, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2019/09/12/474422/know-daca-recipients-state/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> by the Center for American Progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11785850\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11785850\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn, a plaintiff challenging the Trump administration’s decision to end DACA, holds his badge at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center on Nov. 4, 2019. Latthivongskorn needs DACA to continue working as a medical resident at the hospital. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The principle behind DACA enjoys bipartisan support among the public, with a 2018 Pew Research Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/01/19/public-backs-legal-status-for-immigrants-brought-to-u-s-illegally-as-children-but-not-a-bigger-border-wall/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">survey\u003c/a> finding 74% of respondents favored permanent legal status for immigrants brought illegally to the U.S. as kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Janet Napolitano, University of California president']‘They (DACA students become doctors, they become lawyers, they become teachers, they become taxpayers. All of that return on investment is lost if DACA goes away.’[/pullquote]But Latthivongskorn worries that if the conservative-leaning Supreme Court allows President Trump to end DACA, the prospect of legalization for the additional 10 million undocumented people in the country will become even bleaker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we can’t even hold up a policy like DACA, that has been shown in many ways to have positive impacts on the rest of the country, then that does scare me of what comes next,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arguing for the plaintiffs will be California Solicitor General Michael Mongan, and Theodore Olson, a former solicitor general of the United States under President George W. Bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='dreamers' label='Related Coverage']Olson’s extensive experience litigating cases before the Supreme Court, including winning President Bush’s recount dispute against Al Gore, and his conservative credentials, will be a plus for DACA supporters before the court, according to plaintiff attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court is expected to rule on DACA by June 30, 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, hundreds of Dreamers and their supporters are expected to rally outside the Supreme Court, according to organizers with the nonprofit United We Dream. Elsewhere in the country, in Los Angeles, Santa Cruz and other cities, students are planning to stage school walkouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latthivongskorn will take a red-eye flight across the country to attend the hearing in person Tuesday morning before the nine justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they see me, So I see them,” he said. “So I hear them. I hear exactly how our case, our lives are being talked about.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>These days, Dr. Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn spends long hours in the adult inpatient unit at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, treating patients with cancer, heart failure, diabetes and other illnesses as a first-year medical resident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday, Latthivongskorn will be in Washington, D.C., at a U.S. Supreme Court hearing instead. He is one of the plaintiffs fighting the ending of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, commonly known as DACA — a program that protects him and more than 660,000 undocumented young adults nationwide from deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to admit, I’m nervous,” said Latthivongskorn, 29, the first undocumented student to graduate from UCSF School of Medicine in its 155-year history. “But I do remain hopeful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Such an open-ended circumvention of immigration laws was an unconstitutional exercise of authority by the Executive Branch,” then Attorney General Jeff Sessions \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/attorney-general-sessions-delivers-remarks-daca\">said\u003c/a> in September 2017. “Simply put, if we are to further our goal of strengthening the constitutional order and the rule of law in America, the Department of Justice cannot defend this type of overreach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But federal judges in San Francisco, Washington, D.C., and New York have since ordered the government to keep the protections in place for existing DACA recipients after the University of California, the state of California, DACA recipients and others sued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration appealed, and the fight over protections for so-called Dreamers made its way up to the highest court in the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The last two years have been an extended limbo,” said Latthivongskorn, who fears he won’t be able to work as a doctor if the court allows the Trump administration to end the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, about 27,000 DACA recipients, including Latthivongskorn, work in health care, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2019/09/05/474177/know-daca-recipients-united-states/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a report\u003c/a> by the liberal Center for American Progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11785847\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11785847\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40171_FullSizeRender-qut-1-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn, a DACA recipient, finishes a shift as a medical resident at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center on Nov. 4, 2019. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Any Little Thing Could Lead to Deportation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latthivongskorn was 9 when his family came to the U.S. from Thailand on a tourist visa. They never left: He grew up in Milpitas and Sacramento, where his parents worked low-wage jobs in restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many years, the fear of deportation permeated the family’s life, Latthivongskorn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were afraid of going to the doctor’s clinic and what that could do. We were afraid of a traffic light that we could get stopped at,” he said. “Because any little thing in our mind could lead to the possibility of being detained and deported.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Growing up, Latthivongskorn dedicated his energy to excelling at school. He graduated from high school in Sacramento and won private scholarships that enabled him to get through UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After college, Latthivongskorn and two other undocumented friends, Denisse Rojas and Angel Ku, founded Pre-Health Dreamers, an organization dedicated to helping undocumented students pursue careers in science and health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Obama Announces DACA\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 15, 2012, just a month after Latthivongskorn earned his bachelor’s degree in molecular and cell biology at UC Berkeley, President Barack Obama announced \u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2012/08/15/deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-who-can-be-considered\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DACA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented immigrants, who had arrived in the U.S. before age 16 and were under 31 years old, passed background checks and had finished high school or were enrolled in school, would be eligible for renewable, two-year work permits and protection from deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama billed the new policy as a temporary fix, while Congress debated a permanent legalization for Dreamers that never materialized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a temporary stopgap measure that lets us focus our resources wisely while giving a degree of relief and hope to talented, driven, patriotic young people,” he \u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/06/15/remarks-president-immigration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young, undocumented people came out of the shadows in droves, trusting the federal government with their addresses and personal information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then-Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano put the program into action. Now, she is a plaintiff in one of the lawsuits to protect DACA, as president of the University of California, where about 1,700 DACA students are enrolled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“DACA students are an important part of the university community,” Napolitano said. “They become doctors, they become lawyers, they become teachers, they become taxpayers. All of that return on investment is lost if DACA goes away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her tenure, the university has allocated “several millions of dollars” to support student centers and free legal services for undocumented students, said Napolitano, who recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/university-california-president-janet-napolitano-announces-decision-step-down-next-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced\u003c/a> that she will step down from her post next summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DACA Benefits\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Repealing DACA and deporting its beneficiaries would cost the U.S. about $215 billion in lost economic growth, and $60 billion in lost federal taxes over the next decade, according to a 2017 \u003ca href=\"https://www.cato.org/blog/economic-fiscal-impact-repealing-daca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> by researchers at the libertarian Cato Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of DACA recipients are employed, and the program helps them support their families. Many of these young adults are parents, with an estimated 250,000 U.S. citizen children, including almost 73,000 kids in California, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2019/09/12/474422/know-daca-recipients-state/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> by the Center for American Progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11785850\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11785850\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/RS40173_IMG_1734-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn, a plaintiff challenging the Trump administration’s decision to end DACA, holds his badge at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center on Nov. 4, 2019. Latthivongskorn needs DACA to continue working as a medical resident at the hospital. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The principle behind DACA enjoys bipartisan support among the public, with a 2018 Pew Research Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/01/19/public-backs-legal-status-for-immigrants-brought-to-u-s-illegally-as-children-but-not-a-bigger-border-wall/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">survey\u003c/a> finding 74% of respondents favored permanent legal status for immigrants brought illegally to the U.S. as kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But Latthivongskorn worries that if the conservative-leaning Supreme Court allows President Trump to end DACA, the prospect of legalization for the additional 10 million undocumented people in the country will become even bleaker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we can’t even hold up a policy like DACA, that has been shown in many ways to have positive impacts on the rest of the country, then that does scare me of what comes next,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arguing for the plaintiffs will be California Solicitor General Michael Mongan, and Theodore Olson, a former solicitor general of the United States under President George W. Bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Olson’s extensive experience litigating cases before the Supreme Court, including winning President Bush’s recount dispute against Al Gore, and his conservative credentials, will be a plus for DACA supporters before the court, according to plaintiff attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court is expected to rule on DACA by June 30, 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, hundreds of Dreamers and their supporters are expected to rally outside the Supreme Court, according to organizers with the nonprofit United We Dream. Elsewhere in the country, in Los Angeles, Santa Cruz and other cities, students are planning to stage school walkouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latthivongskorn will take a red-eye flight across the country to attend the hearing in person Tuesday morning before the nine justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"here-and-now": {
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
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