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"content": "\u003cp>At least three former prison inmates have tested positive for COVID-19 soon after they were released from the California Institution for Men (CIM) in San Bernardino County, raising concerns that the largest outbreak in a state prison could spread to the communities where people return upon release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodney Walker, 63, was released on parole in Los Angeles County on April 3 after serving his full eight-year sentence. When he went to live in a halfway house in the city of Compton, he was free of symptoms, according to prison officials. But on April 11, he died from “apparent respiratory failure” and tested positive for COVID-19 after his death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles County Medical Examiner-Coroner department is still investigating the cause of Walker’s death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CIM in San Bernardino has consistently housed the largest number of confirmed COVID-19 cases, with 64 inmates testing positive as of Tuesday. Over 1,200 inmates at the prison are in quarantine after being exposed to someone who tested positive for COVID-19, according to a status report filed in federal court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The virus has also spread to 23 staff at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another man was released from that prison to Stanislaus County on April 8, just one day after corrections officials placed him on quarantine. Officials have not identified the man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was asymptomatic in a comprehensive screening by institution medical staff before his release,” according to a press release from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR), “and was provided a facial barrier to wear while in-transit to his identified county of release.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison medical staff instructed the man to isolate himself until April 20, and they sent an email warning Stanislaus County health officials that he had had contact with a person confirmed to have COVID-19 while he was incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after his release, the man left the county, traveling more than 200 miles to the Northern California town of Ukiah to stay with a family member. When he got there, he called probation in Stanislaus County, who issued him a travel pass after the fact and then contacted Mendocino County Sheriff Matt Kendall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall said Mendocino County health officials quarantined the young man and tested him for the virus — but not before he rode a bus, went shopping for groceries and visited with family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man tested positive, according to Kendall.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Matt Kendall, Mendocino County sheriff\"]'What I want to know is how many releases did Chino make? Where did these guys go?'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials got him a hotel room and an ankle monitor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have public health officials bringing him groceries and everything that he needs,\" Kendall said. “He's going to have to remain in quarantine in that location.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alarmed by the incident, Kendall asked his county’s probation department to identify any other people recently released from CIM, which is in Chino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One man had been, but it turned out he didn't have the virus, Kendall said. Still, he's concerned about the lack of advance notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was released on the exact same day from the Chino prison in the exact same fashion,” Kendall said. “We received no notification — none.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR spokeswoman Dana Simas said prison nurses notify county health officials whenever they release inmates who were quarantined for exposure to COVID-19. No people known to have the virus had been released, she said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sheriff Kendall wants CDCR to communicate about all releases from CIM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I want to know is how many releases did Chino make?” Kendall said. “Where did those guys go?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third man released from CIM on April 6 was recently confirmed to have COVID-19, \u003ca href=\"https://www.lakeconews.com/index.php/news/65132-former-state-prison-inmate-on-early-release-among-lake-county-s-confirmed-covid-19-cases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake County News\u003c/a> reported Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of frustrating,\" Lake County Sheriff Brian Martin said. \"The lack of information sharing is a result of the federal HIPAA laws (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) that really restrict when medical information can be shared and with what agencies it can be shared.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin hopes that in the future, CDCR will work around those restrictions to notify county law enforcement of any releases from prisons with high infection rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we know that someone is coming from one of those facilities, maybe we reach out to them, we offer them services, maybe we offer them testing, of monitor them, check to see if they have any signs or symptoms,\" Martin said. \"It's not to punish them, it's nobody's fault that they catch coronavirus. But we wanna make sure that they're safe and our community's safe as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11811822,news_11810000,news_11809600\" label=\"More Criminal Justice and Coronavirus Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the three cases emerged within days of CDCR announcing the first inmate to die from COVID-19 on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 60-year-old man, who also has not been identified, was also incarcerated at CIM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly 700 state prisoners have been tested, a small fraction of the more than 110,000 people currently incarcerated around the state. Of those, 151 were found to have COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical staff in prisons, like their counterparts in the free world, are primarily testing people with symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The notable exception to that has been at a prison in Los Angeles County, where officials last week started mass testing men who share housing facilities. The California State Prison, Los Angeles County facility had the second largest prisoner outbreak, with 58 inmates and 15 employees testing positive for the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials saw case numbers jump there after testing 100 men who share the same housing unit, according to a press release Sunday from the CDCR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These asymptomatic cases do not represent a new outbreak,” according to the press release, “but were tested out of an abundance of caution after known exposure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inmate who died at CIM had been quarantined in a dorm with other inmates, according to papers filed in federal court Monday. His symptoms worsened on April 16, and he was transferred to an area hospital where he died three days later. Most of the 64 inmates who’ve tested positive for COVID-19 were housed in that same dorm, according to prison officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, I believe that it's going to continue to play out at that prison,” said Alison Hardy, an attorney with Prison Law Office, a public interest law firm that advocates for the rights of inmates. “They're going to be more cases that come up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hardy's colleagues visited CIM in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are many crowded dormitories that hold people who are elderly and some of whom are disabled, many of whom have chronic illnesses,” Hardy said. “For the past few weeks, they have been living together. The virus has been there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials are in the process of creating social distance inside dorms statewide by arranging beds in groups of eight. These “pods” will be separated by 6 feet of space, according to an updated plan filed in federal court this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prison system initially asked employees a series of questions about their health when they came to work to determine whether they might be symptomatic. On March 27, the agency switched to infrared temperature screening for employees. Since April 15, staff and inmates are required to wear cloth face masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although there have been screening measures in place for a while for staff, people who don't have symptoms can be transmitting virus,” Hardy said. “I have deep concerns that over the next few months, that whole history of people bringing the virus in and people in the dorms starting to get the virus, is going to play out at other prisons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hardy's office filed a series of emergency motions in federal court over the past few weeks seeking the release or relocation of medically vulnerable inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Jon Tigar deferred to corrections officials to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission in his April 17 denial of the latest motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Determining how to decrease population density to allow for increased physical distancing, while at the same time considering how to conduct movement in a way that ‘does not cause, contribute to, or exacerbate the potential spread of the disease,’ is not a simple matter,” Tigar wrote.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another man was released from that prison to Stanislaus County on April 8, just one day after corrections officials placed him on quarantine. Officials have not identified the man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was asymptomatic in a comprehensive screening by institution medical staff before his release,” according to a press release from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR), “and was provided a facial barrier to wear while in-transit to his identified county of release.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison medical staff instructed the man to isolate himself until April 20, and they sent an email warning Stanislaus County health officials that he had had contact with a person confirmed to have COVID-19 while he was incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after his release, the man left the county, traveling more than 200 miles to the Northern California town of Ukiah to stay with a family member. When he got there, he called probation in Stanislaus County, who issued him a travel pass after the fact and then contacted Mendocino County Sheriff Matt Kendall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall said Mendocino County health officials quarantined the young man and tested him for the virus — but not before he rode a bus, went shopping for groceries and visited with family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man tested positive, according to Kendall.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials got him a hotel room and an ankle monitor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have public health officials bringing him groceries and everything that he needs,\" Kendall said. “He's going to have to remain in quarantine in that location.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alarmed by the incident, Kendall asked his county’s probation department to identify any other people recently released from CIM, which is in Chino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One man had been, but it turned out he didn't have the virus, Kendall said. Still, he's concerned about the lack of advance notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was released on the exact same day from the Chino prison in the exact same fashion,” Kendall said. “We received no notification — none.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR spokeswoman Dana Simas said prison nurses notify county health officials whenever they release inmates who were quarantined for exposure to COVID-19. No people known to have the virus had been released, she said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sheriff Kendall wants CDCR to communicate about all releases from CIM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I want to know is how many releases did Chino make?” Kendall said. “Where did those guys go?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third man released from CIM on April 6 was recently confirmed to have COVID-19, \u003ca href=\"https://www.lakeconews.com/index.php/news/65132-former-state-prison-inmate-on-early-release-among-lake-county-s-confirmed-covid-19-cases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake County News\u003c/a> reported Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of frustrating,\" Lake County Sheriff Brian Martin said. \"The lack of information sharing is a result of the federal HIPAA laws (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) that really restrict when medical information can be shared and with what agencies it can be shared.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin hopes that in the future, CDCR will work around those restrictions to notify county law enforcement of any releases from prisons with high infection rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we know that someone is coming from one of those facilities, maybe we reach out to them, we offer them services, maybe we offer them testing, of monitor them, check to see if they have any signs or symptoms,\" Martin said. \"It's not to punish them, it's nobody's fault that they catch coronavirus. But we wanna make sure that they're safe and our community's safe as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the three cases emerged within days of CDCR announcing the first inmate to die from COVID-19 on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 60-year-old man, who also has not been identified, was also incarcerated at CIM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly 700 state prisoners have been tested, a small fraction of the more than 110,000 people currently incarcerated around the state. Of those, 151 were found to have COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical staff in prisons, like their counterparts in the free world, are primarily testing people with symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The notable exception to that has been at a prison in Los Angeles County, where officials last week started mass testing men who share housing facilities. The California State Prison, Los Angeles County facility had the second largest prisoner outbreak, with 58 inmates and 15 employees testing positive for the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials saw case numbers jump there after testing 100 men who share the same housing unit, according to a press release Sunday from the CDCR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These asymptomatic cases do not represent a new outbreak,” according to the press release, “but were tested out of an abundance of caution after known exposure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inmate who died at CIM had been quarantined in a dorm with other inmates, according to papers filed in federal court Monday. His symptoms worsened on April 16, and he was transferred to an area hospital where he died three days later. Most of the 64 inmates who’ve tested positive for COVID-19 were housed in that same dorm, according to prison officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, I believe that it's going to continue to play out at that prison,” said Alison Hardy, an attorney with Prison Law Office, a public interest law firm that advocates for the rights of inmates. “They're going to be more cases that come up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hardy's colleagues visited CIM in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are many crowded dormitories that hold people who are elderly and some of whom are disabled, many of whom have chronic illnesses,” Hardy said. “For the past few weeks, they have been living together. The virus has been there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials are in the process of creating social distance inside dorms statewide by arranging beds in groups of eight. These “pods” will be separated by 6 feet of space, according to an updated plan filed in federal court this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prison system initially asked employees a series of questions about their health when they came to work to determine whether they might be symptomatic. On March 27, the agency switched to infrared temperature screening for employees. Since April 15, staff and inmates are required to wear cloth face masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although there have been screening measures in place for a while for staff, people who don't have symptoms can be transmitting virus,” Hardy said. “I have deep concerns that over the next few months, that whole history of people bringing the virus in and people in the dorms starting to get the virus, is going to play out at other prisons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hardy's office filed a series of emergency motions in federal court over the past few weeks seeking the release or relocation of medically vulnerable inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Jon Tigar deferred to corrections officials to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission in his April 17 denial of the latest motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Determining how to decrease population density to allow for increased physical distancing, while at the same time considering how to conduct movement in a way that ‘does not cause, contribute to, or exacerbate the potential spread of the disease,’ is not a simple matter,” Tigar wrote.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Amid Pandemic, State Releases Thousands of Prisoners — But Will They Have Support at Home?",
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"content": "\u003cp>By the end of today, the state will have \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/covid19/frequently-asked-questions-for-plan-on-expedited-release-and-increased-physical-space-within-state-prisons/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">released 3,500 nonviolent offenders early from state prison\u003c/a>, and local jails have already let thousands more low-level inmates go — but advocates for prisoners are worried that those coming home amid a global pandemic won’t have the tools to succeed and stay healthy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-31/coronavirus-california-release-3500-inmates-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">on March 31\u003c/a> they would release 3,500 prisoners, most of whom were within 60 days of their release date or had already been granted parole by the state. As of last week, 2,000 inmates had been released from state prisons; a spokeswoman said the remaining 1,500 will be let out by the end of today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the local level, many sheriffs have been releasing some low-level inmates on their own. Additionally, the state Judicial Council on April 6 \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.courts.ca.gov/news/judicial-council-adopts-new-rules-to-lower-jail-population-suspend-evictions-and-foreclosures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">set new rules\u003c/a> setting bail at zero for misdemeanors and low-level felonies, further reducing the number of people in jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While advocates for offenders are cheering the releases, they are also worried about what will meet these men and women at home. Will they have a safe place to live, a way to make ends meet, or access to mental health or substance abuse services? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Independent of the COVID pandemic, successful reentry has not been the centerpiece of our criminal justice system,\" said Lenore Anderson, founder and president of Californians for Safety and Justice, which advocates spending less on prisons and more on community programs. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For decades, we've lacked in really ensuring that people transitioning back to our communities from prison and jail land on their feet and stabilize,\" Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Troy Vaughn, executive director of the Los Angeles Regional Reentry Partnership, said the state needs to provide nonprofits and other community groups more resources to grapple with both the influx of people and the challenges posed by providing services during a pandemic. For example, he said workers at those organizations need personal protective equipment to serve returning inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Why aren’t we putting real mechanisms and resources to help them come home and to reintegrate back into society?\" Vaughn asked. \"I think that because we already had a fragmented system that wasn't coordinated in a strategic way, now that you kinda just throw a whole bunch of people into it, the cart's more than just overturned, it’s drowning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dana Simas, a spokeswoman for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, said the state is working to ensure a safe, soft homecoming for released prisoners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"More Coronavirus Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been coordinating closely with community-based organizations to help get those being released back to their communities without the use of public transportation. We have extended the use of CDCR phones — not the inmate telephone network that they are normally required to use — for those being released so that they can better coordinate with their friends/family and or volunteer groups for transportation,\" Simas said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The releases come as the number of infected \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/covid19/cdcr-cchcs-covid-19-status/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">staff\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/covid19/population-status-tracking/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">inmates\u003c/a> in state prisons continues to grow.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>By the end of today, the state will have \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/covid19/frequently-asked-questions-for-plan-on-expedited-release-and-increased-physical-space-within-state-prisons/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">released 3,500 nonviolent offenders early from state prison\u003c/a>, and local jails have already let thousands more low-level inmates go — but advocates for prisoners are worried that those coming home amid a global pandemic won’t have the tools to succeed and stay healthy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-31/coronavirus-california-release-3500-inmates-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">on March 31\u003c/a> they would release 3,500 prisoners, most of whom were within 60 days of their release date or had already been granted parole by the state. As of last week, 2,000 inmates had been released from state prisons; a spokeswoman said the remaining 1,500 will be let out by the end of today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the local level, many sheriffs have been releasing some low-level inmates on their own. Additionally, the state Judicial Council on April 6 \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.courts.ca.gov/news/judicial-council-adopts-new-rules-to-lower-jail-population-suspend-evictions-and-foreclosures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">set new rules\u003c/a> setting bail at zero for misdemeanors and low-level felonies, further reducing the number of people in jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While advocates for offenders are cheering the releases, they are also worried about what will meet these men and women at home. Will they have a safe place to live, a way to make ends meet, or access to mental health or substance abuse services? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Independent of the COVID pandemic, successful reentry has not been the centerpiece of our criminal justice system,\" said Lenore Anderson, founder and president of Californians for Safety and Justice, which advocates spending less on prisons and more on community programs. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For decades, we've lacked in really ensuring that people transitioning back to our communities from prison and jail land on their feet and stabilize,\" Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Troy Vaughn, executive director of the Los Angeles Regional Reentry Partnership, said the state needs to provide nonprofits and other community groups more resources to grapple with both the influx of people and the challenges posed by providing services during a pandemic. For example, he said workers at those organizations need personal protective equipment to serve returning inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Why aren’t we putting real mechanisms and resources to help them come home and to reintegrate back into society?\" Vaughn asked. \"I think that because we already had a fragmented system that wasn't coordinated in a strategic way, now that you kinda just throw a whole bunch of people into it, the cart's more than just overturned, it’s drowning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dana Simas, a spokeswoman for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, said the state is working to ensure a safe, soft homecoming for released prisoners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been coordinating closely with community-based organizations to help get those being released back to their communities without the use of public transportation. We have extended the use of CDCR phones — not the inmate telephone network that they are normally required to use — for those being released so that they can better coordinate with their friends/family and or volunteer groups for transportation,\" Simas said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The releases come as the number of infected \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/covid19/cdcr-cchcs-covid-19-status/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">staff\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/covid19/population-status-tracking/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">inmates\u003c/a> in state prisons continues to grow.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "State Prisons Plan Early Release of 3,500 Inmates to Combat Coronavirus",
"title": "State Prisons Plan Early Release of 3,500 Inmates to Combat Coronavirus",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>California’s top prisons official has ordered almost 3,500 inmates released early, according to a filing Tuesday in federal court, to thin populations in the overcrowded system in hopes of preventing or slowing an outbreak of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expedited releases are for those with fewer than 60 days left on their sentences, who were not convicted of violent crimes, sex crimes or domestic violence offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These non-violent inmates will either be released on parole, released to community supervision or directly discharged,” Ralph Diaz, California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation secretary, wrote in a legal filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that inmates released under the plan “will have appropriate release and transition plans” in place. Releases are scheduled to begin “as soon as practicable, including within the upcoming days and weeks,” the filing says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for inmates called it a positive step but insufficient to address the threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need a far more significant plan for population reduction,” said attorney Michael Bien, who brought a long-running civil lawsuit that brought improvements to mental health care for California’s more than 120,000 inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bien filed an emergency motion in federal court last week warning that the coronavirus posed a threat to all people in California’s 35 prisons, but especially to older inmates or people with chronic medical conditions who often live in crowded dorms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the response from state officials doesn’t address that population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most significant thing that's missing is no effort at all to identify and release the medically vulnerable who are most at risk of contracting COVID-19 and having bad outcomes,” Bien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A special panel of three federal judges is scheduled to hear arguments on the emergency motion and the state’s response on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11809600,news_11808622,news_11807632\" label=\"More Criminal Justice and Coronavirus Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A total of eight inmates have confirmed cases of COVID-19 — six in Los Angeles County state prison, one in the California Institution for Men in Chino and one in the North Kern State Prison. The prison system reports testing 251 inmates for the virus as of Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Wednesday, 25 staff members from 11 institutions had reported confirmed cases of the respiratory illness. The highest concentration of staff cases, 11, are from the Chino facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials have already suspended public visits to prisons, limited transportation between institutions and started screening employees for fevers using infrared technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In papers filed in court Tuesday, attorneys for California argued against a mandatory prisoner reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They proposed additional measures to reduce exposure among inmates, such as the transfer of hundreds of asymptomatic people out of dorms at three of the state prisons to penitentiaries with more space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state argues that Gov. Gavin Newsom’s March 24 executive order to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11808622/gov-newsom-halts-prison-transfers-of-new-inmates-citing-coronavirus-threat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">stop the intake\u003c/a> of new prisoners combined with the routine release of people who’ve served their sentences would result in 3,000 fewer inmates in the prisons each month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s already swift and unprecedented response to the crisis obviates the need for the further judicial intervention into and micromanagement of the state’s prison system,” the filing says.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s top prisons official has ordered almost 3,500 inmates released early, according to a filing Tuesday in federal court, to thin populations in the overcrowded system in hopes of preventing or slowing an outbreak of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expedited releases are for those with fewer than 60 days left on their sentences, who were not convicted of violent crimes, sex crimes or domestic violence offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These non-violent inmates will either be released on parole, released to community supervision or directly discharged,” Ralph Diaz, California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation secretary, wrote in a legal filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that inmates released under the plan “will have appropriate release and transition plans” in place. Releases are scheduled to begin “as soon as practicable, including within the upcoming days and weeks,” the filing says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for inmates called it a positive step but insufficient to address the threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need a far more significant plan for population reduction,” said attorney Michael Bien, who brought a long-running civil lawsuit that brought improvements to mental health care for California’s more than 120,000 inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bien filed an emergency motion in federal court last week warning that the coronavirus posed a threat to all people in California’s 35 prisons, but especially to older inmates or people with chronic medical conditions who often live in crowded dorms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the response from state officials doesn’t address that population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most significant thing that's missing is no effort at all to identify and release the medically vulnerable who are most at risk of contracting COVID-19 and having bad outcomes,” Bien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A special panel of three federal judges is scheduled to hear arguments on the emergency motion and the state’s response on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A total of eight inmates have confirmed cases of COVID-19 — six in Los Angeles County state prison, one in the California Institution for Men in Chino and one in the North Kern State Prison. The prison system reports testing 251 inmates for the virus as of Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Wednesday, 25 staff members from 11 institutions had reported confirmed cases of the respiratory illness. The highest concentration of staff cases, 11, are from the Chino facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials have already suspended public visits to prisons, limited transportation between institutions and started screening employees for fevers using infrared technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In papers filed in court Tuesday, attorneys for California argued against a mandatory prisoner reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They proposed additional measures to reduce exposure among inmates, such as the transfer of hundreds of asymptomatic people out of dorms at three of the state prisons to penitentiaries with more space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state argues that Gov. Gavin Newsom’s March 24 executive order to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11808622/gov-newsom-halts-prison-transfers-of-new-inmates-citing-coronavirus-threat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">stop the intake\u003c/a> of new prisoners combined with the routine release of people who’ve served their sentences would result in 3,000 fewer inmates in the prisons each month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s already swift and unprecedented response to the crisis obviates the need for the further judicial intervention into and micromanagement of the state’s prison system,” the filing says.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A man held at the California State Prison in Los Angeles County is the first inmate in the state to test positive for COVID-19, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. He was put in isolation on March 19 after telling staff he felt sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, five correctional officers in three different prisons — California Institution for Men in Chino, Folsom State Prison and California State Prison, Sacramento — have also been diagnosed with the disease caused by the novel coronavirus. An employee at San Quentin State Prison reported on Friday to have tested positive for COVID-19 does not in fact have the disease, prison officials said Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scott Kernan, a former secretary of CDCR, is among officials and inmate rights groups expressing concern over a potentially widespread outbreak in the state’s prisons and jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You think cruise ships are a petri dish?” Kernan said in an interview Monday. “Prisons are even more so the mass of humanity. So I’m very concerned about my colleagues and the inmates and their families in jails and prisons across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kernan said state leaders need to look at all options to reduce the prison population to mitigate the worst impacts of an outbreak. The state’s prisons are overcrowded, operating at about 130% of capacity, with more than 123,000 people incarcerated across California. An additional 65,000 people work for the state prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, all Board of Parole Hearings, which generally assess prisoners who are eligible for release, have been suspended for at least a week. In-person visits and nearly all rehabilitative and educational programs have been canceled in an attempt to slow the spread of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kernan said the lack of activities and connection is also likely to take a toll on people being held in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a tinderbox of potential infection as you go forward, especially if you are just watching what’s going on around the world,” he said. “I know Italy and Brazil had serious violence and even escapes and murders in the jails as a result of COVID-19.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR posted a list of precautions the department is implementing, which includes social distancing, a two-week quarantine for all new inmates and immediate isolation for anyone who has a fever, to prevent the spread of the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More Coronavirus Coverage' tag='coronavirus']But the Prison Law Office and a number of other advocacy groups are also pushing for the state to do more to protect the elderly and those with compromised immune systems in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been imploring the state through various channels to do what county jails are doing all over the state, which is reduce the density of the population by releasing people who are low risk,” said Don Specter, executive director of the Prison Law Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the Santa Clara County and Alameda County sheriffs both moved to release hundreds of people early from jail. San Francisco courts have ordered dozens of inmates released early. Contra Costa County is also looking at steps to cut down the number of people held in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a group of 28 advocacy organizations wrote a letter to California Attorney General Xavier Becerra requesting the state’s top cop expand these localized efforts by directing all sheriffs to release people who have six months or less left on their sentences and asking local law enforcement to reduce arrests and bookings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without action, thousands will likely die with the suffering falling disproportionately on low-income families, particularly Black and Latinx families,” the letter says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom addressed the calls from advocates in his Monday afternoon briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no interest — and I want to make this crystal clear — in releasing violent criminals from our system. I won’t use a crisis as an excuse to create another crisis,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he has a task force looking at how to release people incarcerated for non-violent crimes in a “deliberative” way. He warned that the large-scale release of tens of thousands of prisoners called for by advocacy groups could cause a whole new set of problems for emergency medical providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we start to release prisoners that are not prepared with their parole plans, they may end up out on the streets and sidewalks, in a homeless shelter,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the prison system has not announced any concrete steps to release people. A spokesperson for CDCR declined to answer questions, but said the department has been posting all COVID-19 updates directly on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are continuously evaluating and implementing proactive measures to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 and keep our CDCR population and the community-at-large safe,” the CDCR website says. “Additional measures will continue to be developed based on the rapidly-evolving situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A man held at the California State Prison in Los Angeles County is the first inmate in the state to test positive for COVID-19, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. He was put in isolation on March 19 after telling staff he felt sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, five correctional officers in three different prisons — California Institution for Men in Chino, Folsom State Prison and California State Prison, Sacramento — have also been diagnosed with the disease caused by the novel coronavirus. An employee at San Quentin State Prison reported on Friday to have tested positive for COVID-19 does not in fact have the disease, prison officials said Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scott Kernan, a former secretary of CDCR, is among officials and inmate rights groups expressing concern over a potentially widespread outbreak in the state’s prisons and jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You think cruise ships are a petri dish?” Kernan said in an interview Monday. “Prisons are even more so the mass of humanity. So I’m very concerned about my colleagues and the inmates and their families in jails and prisons across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kernan said state leaders need to look at all options to reduce the prison population to mitigate the worst impacts of an outbreak. The state’s prisons are overcrowded, operating at about 130% of capacity, with more than 123,000 people incarcerated across California. An additional 65,000 people work for the state prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, all Board of Parole Hearings, which generally assess prisoners who are eligible for release, have been suspended for at least a week. In-person visits and nearly all rehabilitative and educational programs have been canceled in an attempt to slow the spread of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kernan said the lack of activities and connection is also likely to take a toll on people being held in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a tinderbox of potential infection as you go forward, especially if you are just watching what’s going on around the world,” he said. “I know Italy and Brazil had serious violence and even escapes and murders in the jails as a result of COVID-19.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR posted a list of precautions the department is implementing, which includes social distancing, a two-week quarantine for all new inmates and immediate isolation for anyone who has a fever, to prevent the spread of the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But the Prison Law Office and a number of other advocacy groups are also pushing for the state to do more to protect the elderly and those with compromised immune systems in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been imploring the state through various channels to do what county jails are doing all over the state, which is reduce the density of the population by releasing people who are low risk,” said Don Specter, executive director of the Prison Law Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the Santa Clara County and Alameda County sheriffs both moved to release hundreds of people early from jail. San Francisco courts have ordered dozens of inmates released early. Contra Costa County is also looking at steps to cut down the number of people held in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a group of 28 advocacy organizations wrote a letter to California Attorney General Xavier Becerra requesting the state’s top cop expand these localized efforts by directing all sheriffs to release people who have six months or less left on their sentences and asking local law enforcement to reduce arrests and bookings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without action, thousands will likely die with the suffering falling disproportionately on low-income families, particularly Black and Latinx families,” the letter says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom addressed the calls from advocates in his Monday afternoon briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no interest — and I want to make this crystal clear — in releasing violent criminals from our system. I won’t use a crisis as an excuse to create another crisis,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he has a task force looking at how to release people incarcerated for non-violent crimes in a “deliberative” way. He warned that the large-scale release of tens of thousands of prisoners called for by advocacy groups could cause a whole new set of problems for emergency medical providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we start to release prisoners that are not prepared with their parole plans, they may end up out on the streets and sidewalks, in a homeless shelter,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the prison system has not announced any concrete steps to release people. A spokesperson for CDCR declined to answer questions, but said the department has been posting all COVID-19 updates directly on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are continuously evaluating and implementing proactive measures to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 and keep our CDCR population and the community-at-large safe,” the CDCR website says. “Additional measures will continue to be developed based on the rapidly-evolving situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "#MeToo Behind Bars: Records Shed Light on Sexual Abuse Inside State Women’s Prisons",
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"content": "\u003cp>A state prison inmate incarcerated at the Central California Women’s Facility was awaiting her group therapy session on Aug. 23, 2017. She stepped backward in her cell toward the door, where Correctional Officer Israel Trevino waited with waist restraints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he attached the chains, he reached down with both of his hands “to grope and fondle her buttocks,” according to an internal investigation that led to Trevino’s firing.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Amika Mota, Formerly Incarcerated Advocate\"]‘What does it mean to feel constantly harassed, where they think it’s consensual and we think it’s not but we can’t ever say it?’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hey, what the fuck are you doing?” the inmate, whose name was redacted in reports, is quoted as saying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have a big butt,” Trevino replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wasn’t the only time Trevino sexually abused an inmate in his custody, according to the investigation’s findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former correctional officer — who was responsible for escorting inmates from their cells to their appointments and to the shower — tried to pull up a woman’s shirt and put his hand down her pants on an unspecified date in 2017, investigators for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That inmate said Trevino squeezed her buttocks over her clothing while escorting her and tried to get her to expose her breasts and vagina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Come on, show me something,” he pressured her, according to the records.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nTrevino was investigated after an inmate complained about the groping to her prison social worker, who reported the allegation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials fired Trevino in 2018 for sexual misconduct. He had worked at the women’s prison for over a decade and had been formally warned for making sexually harassing comments to inmates, according to records from the Office of the Inspector General for California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach Trevino for comment were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison system spokeswoman Dana Simas responded in a written statement that officials moved to protect incarcerated women when the 2017 allegations surfaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trevino was barred from entering the secured perimeter of the prison to prevent further inmate contact during the pendency of the investigation,” Simas wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department fired at least six male correctional officers for sexually abusing women in their custody between 2014 and 2018, according to internal records released to KQED under a new state transparency law and court filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some groped the inmates, while others engaged in oral sex or intercourse. The disciplinary records, which are still incomplete, provide a first-ever glimpse into how the prison system deals with sexual exploitation by its officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The names of the women involved are redacted in the records, and two named witnesses did not respond to requests for interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the number of dismissals for sexual misconduct is extremely rare among the roughly 26,000 correctional officers who work at California prisons, inmate advocates say sexual abuse by staff is more rampant than the records show because few officers get reported or investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786504\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786504\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-800x788.jpg\" alt=\"Amika Mota on picture day in 2011 at the Central California Women’s Facility.\" width=\"800\" height=\"788\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-800x788.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-160x158.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-1020x1004.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-1200x1181.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy.jpg 1549w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amika Mota on picture day in 2011 at the Central California Women’s Facility. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Amika Mota)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amika Mota is trying to change that. She spent most of a nine-year prison sentence for vehicular manslaughter at the Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla, north of Fresno in the Central Valley. She said she and other incarcerated women put up with sexual advances because they depended on correctional officers for access to clean laundry, phone calls, tampons, time out of their cell and other basic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a bone in my body that ever felt attracted to any of these officers or felt like any of the words we spoke were true,” Mota said. “It was just this survival technique to play along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers can also write up inmates, which can result in extending a prison sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One officer in her housing unit, who Mota declined to name, demanded that she write sexually explicit letters to him. She also described an officer who expected to see women without their clothes on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would be really appreciative if during count we were in our bras,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mota said she never reported any harassment, fearing retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She joined the Bay Area-based Young Women’s Freedom Center after she was released in 2015. She’s now part of a new movement called Me Too Behind Bars, working to expose sexual abuse of people in prison and jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What does it mean to feel constantly harassed, where they think it’s consensual and we think it’s not but we can’t ever say it?” Mota said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s inmate population includes nearly 5,000 women, about 4% of the 124,000 prisoners in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State prison officials say they have been trying to improve conditions for female inmates in recent years, including enforcing a zero tolerance policy for sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All sexual violence, staff sexual misconduct, and sexual harassment is strictly prohibited,” prisons spokeswoman Simas wrote in an Oct. 11 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state prison system also investigates and tracks all allegations of sexual assault and harassment by staff, including correctional officers, to comply with the federal Prison Rape Elimination Act. In 2018, 337 staff-on-inmate incidents were reported in California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigations substantiated just three of those allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786575\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11786575 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Kelly Heigert/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Independent probes into the culture in women’s lockups have found that these formally reported allegations likely capture only a fraction of the abuse and harassment of incarcerated women by prison staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Prison Law Office, which monitors conditions for inmates as part of a settlement in a decades-old federal class action lawsuit, has interviewed hundreds of women at the Central Valley prison and documented their complaints for the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm \u003ca href=\"https://prisonlaw.com///wp-content/uploads/2016/08/16.08.18-Prison-Law-Office-report-on-CCWF.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported in 2016\u003c/a> that out of a random sample of 80 women, nearly all had experienced sexual abuse or harassment while incarcerated. A second round of interviews turned up similar complaints, often at the hands of the same officers. The firm faulted a culture of bigotry and sexism at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a constant stream of verbal sexual harassment or misogynist statements,” attorney Corene Kendrick said, “kind of cat-calling at its highest level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of women complained the prison officers constantly addressed them as “bitches” or “hos,” Kendrick said. “When they’d make the announcements on the PA system, you know, it’d be ‘Hey bitches, time to go to lunch.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786524\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786524\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"Amika Mota poses for a portrait at her home in the San Francisco Bay Area on Sept. 26, holding a framed collage of her 'prison family.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1832x1374.jpeg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1376x1032.jpeg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1044x783.jpeg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-536x402.jpeg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amika Mota poses for a portrait at her home in the San Francisco Bay Area on Sept. 26, holding a framed collage of her ‘prison family.’ \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sexual abuse of female prisoners isn’t confined to a single facility, records obtained by KQED revealed. Four correctional officers in the state’s other major women’s prison — in Southern California — were also fired in recent years for sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017 alone, three officers at the California Institution for Women in San Bernardino County had sexual contact with inmates in or near their housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officer Robert Darrow was working an overtime shift in a housing unit on May 12, 2017, when he pulled one of the women responsible for cleaning and mopping the dorm into a broom closet, according to a transcript of a preliminary hearing in a criminal case against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said that he entered in behind her,” an investigator testified. “She was facing away from him. He closed the door. And then he bent her over, pulled her sweatpants down — she didn’t have any underwear — and then he moved his head down and orally copulated her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The encounter lasted only three minutes, according to the testimony, because Darrow heard a noise outside the closet and stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that same month, Officer Tony Garcia sent all the women in a housing unit to breakfast, but one. The woman performed oral sex on him in her cell. He ejaculated on her nightgown, which the woman hid and later turned over to internal affairs. Investigators tested the semen on the nightgown and confirmed it belonged to Garcia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third case involved Officer Stephen Merrill entering the cell of two female inmates at 3:30 a.m. on Oct. 30, 2017, and groping them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An investigation found, “As inmate [REDACTED] stood by the door facing the inside of the cell, she bent over and you inserted your right hand from behind her into her underwear. You grabbed her buttocks. After removing your hand from her underwear, you tasted your fingers by placing them into your mouth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Correctional Officers Fired for Sexual Misconduct 2015-2018\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Click links to read source records.\u003c/em>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Michael Ewell\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=8214744705036891733&hl=en&as_sdt=6&as_vis=1&oi=scholarr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2015 for having a sexual relationship with an inmate\u003cbr>\nNo criminal charges\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Tony Garcia\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548710-Garcia-Tony-NOAA-S-CIW-182-17-D.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for engaging in oral sex with an inmate\u003cbr>\nPleaded no contest to felony charge for sex with a consenting inmate\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Sergio Rios\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548723-Rios-Sergio-NOAA-C-CCWF-580-16-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2017 for having a sexual relationship with an inmate\u003cbr>\nCriminal charges were dropped\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Robert Darrow\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548989-PPL-v-Robert-Darrow-Preliminary-Hearing.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2017 for having oral sex with an inmate\u003cbr>\nCriminal charges were dropped\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Stephen Merrill\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548699-Merrill-Stephen-NOAA-S-CIW-351-17-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for groping two inmates\u003cbr>\nPleaded no contest to felony charge for sex with a consenting inmate\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Israel Trevino\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548675-Trevino-I-NOAA-C-CCWF-423-17-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for groping and harassing inmates\u003cbr>\nNo criminal charges\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The other inmate then faced the inside of the cell and bent over. Merrill reportedly also groped her from behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disciplinary decision released by prison officials doesn’t provide further details about the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under state and federal statutes, inmates cannot consent to sex with prison guards. Sustained findings of sexual misconduct by a correctional officer will result in dismissal, according to prison policies, and can be grounds for criminal prosecution. All three correctional officers at the Southern California women’s prison were fired and charged with felony sex crimes. Attorneys representing them did not return requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merrill and Garcia took plea deals, according to court records. Garcia served two days in jail and was placed on probation. Merrill’s two-year prison sentence was suspended as he completes three years of probation. He was also sentenced to less than a year of county jail time, eligible for work and weekend release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors in the case against Darrow argued he had “a history of being investigated for sexual activity with inmates,” according to a preliminary hearing transcript in the case. But the San Bernardino County district attorney suddenly dropped the charges against him in March of this year. Deputy DA Lisa Mann, who prosecuted the case, declined to answer any questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some officers are never even charged, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Israel Trevino’s case from the Central Valley prison, it took officials eight months to dismiss him for sexually abusing inmates. He was fired in April 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials never referred Trevino for criminal charges — due to insufficient evidence, according to a spokeswoman. That’s despite investigators’ findings that he repeatedly groped women in his custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Central Region Criminal Investigation team, after a full review of the material, recommended the case instead be opened as an administrative investigation,” spokeswoman Simas wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Office of Inspector General for California prisons monitors all investigations of sexual assault and harassment by officers and issues public reports.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"left\" citation=\"Roy Wesley, Inspector General for California Prisons\"]‘Our power is to write about it and to bring transparency to the public because otherwise nobody knows what happens in these things.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Trevino’s case, the Office of the Inspector General noted several deficiencies in the prison’s investigation. A prison investigator “scheduled case conferences and critical witness interviews for when he knew the OIG would not be available, and only cooperated after the OIG elevated the issue to his supervisor,” according to a 2018 inspector general’s discipline monitoring report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office’s case review also faulted the investigation for failing to substantiate that Trevino was dishonest “when he denied that he made inappropriate, derogatory and sexually harassing comments to inmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have no authority to tell the department, ‘You have to do what we think you should do,’ ” said Inspector General Roy Wesley. “Our power is to write about it and to bring transparency to the public because otherwise nobody knows what happens in these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmate advocates would like California to create another oversight body with more teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also agree with the Prison Law Office’s recommendation that CDCR hire mostly female correctional officers to work inside the women’s housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the male officers fired for sexual misconduct inside California women’s prisons in recent years had access to areas of the housing units where women are changing. Federal law mandates that male officers announce their presence upon entering those areas, but otherwise does not restrict their presence.[aside postID=\"news_11777176,news_11770926,news_11740176\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/Police-Art_1.gif\" heroLink=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/police-records\" target=\"_blank\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the Prison Law Office think prison officials could prevent a lot of abuse by cutting off that access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Washington Department of Corrections at one of their women’s prisons made it a requirement that only women apply for certain positions working inside the housing units where the women live, sleep and bathe,” said Prison Law Office attorney Kendrick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California prison system has been moving in that direction, according to spokeswoman Simas. A greater percentage of jobs in housing units are designated for female officers only, and the prison system is pushing to recruit more women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, women make up roughly a third of officers at the two main female prisons in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mota is still working to turn her experience in prison into an instrument for change. Thinking about the years she was scrutinized and objectified in prison by officers who considered her “their girl” makes her anxious and shaky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not the rules, or the regulations, it’s the culture,” Mota said. “How do you deeply affect this culture that’s existed for so long where it’s ‘normal’ and ‘OK’ to do this shit in prison?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-11786529\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-160x155.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-160x155.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-800x777.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1020x990.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo.png 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>This story was produced by the California Reporting Project, a coalition of 40 news organizations across the state. The project was formed to request and report on previously secret records of police misconduct and use of force in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "#MeToo Behind Bars: Records Shed Light on Sexual Abuse Inside State Women’s Prisons | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A state prison inmate incarcerated at the Central California Women’s Facility was awaiting her group therapy session on Aug. 23, 2017. She stepped backward in her cell toward the door, where Correctional Officer Israel Trevino waited with waist restraints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he attached the chains, he reached down with both of his hands “to grope and fondle her buttocks,” according to an internal investigation that led to Trevino’s firing.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hey, what the fuck are you doing?” the inmate, whose name was redacted in reports, is quoted as saying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have a big butt,” Trevino replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wasn’t the only time Trevino sexually abused an inmate in his custody, according to the investigation’s findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former correctional officer — who was responsible for escorting inmates from their cells to their appointments and to the shower — tried to pull up a woman’s shirt and put his hand down her pants on an unspecified date in 2017, investigators for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That inmate said Trevino squeezed her buttocks over her clothing while escorting her and tried to get her to expose her breasts and vagina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Come on, show me something,” he pressured her, according to the records.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nTrevino was investigated after an inmate complained about the groping to her prison social worker, who reported the allegation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials fired Trevino in 2018 for sexual misconduct. He had worked at the women’s prison for over a decade and had been formally warned for making sexually harassing comments to inmates, according to records from the Office of the Inspector General for California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach Trevino for comment were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison system spokeswoman Dana Simas responded in a written statement that officials moved to protect incarcerated women when the 2017 allegations surfaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trevino was barred from entering the secured perimeter of the prison to prevent further inmate contact during the pendency of the investigation,” Simas wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department fired at least six male correctional officers for sexually abusing women in their custody between 2014 and 2018, according to internal records released to KQED under a new state transparency law and court filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some groped the inmates, while others engaged in oral sex or intercourse. The disciplinary records, which are still incomplete, provide a first-ever glimpse into how the prison system deals with sexual exploitation by its officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The names of the women involved are redacted in the records, and two named witnesses did not respond to requests for interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the number of dismissals for sexual misconduct is extremely rare among the roughly 26,000 correctional officers who work at California prisons, inmate advocates say sexual abuse by staff is more rampant than the records show because few officers get reported or investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786504\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786504\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-800x788.jpg\" alt=\"Amika Mota on picture day in 2011 at the Central California Women’s Facility.\" width=\"800\" height=\"788\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-800x788.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-160x158.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-1020x1004.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy-1200x1181.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Courtesy.jpg 1549w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amika Mota on picture day in 2011 at the Central California Women’s Facility. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Amika Mota)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amika Mota is trying to change that. She spent most of a nine-year prison sentence for vehicular manslaughter at the Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla, north of Fresno in the Central Valley. She said she and other incarcerated women put up with sexual advances because they depended on correctional officers for access to clean laundry, phone calls, tampons, time out of their cell and other basic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a bone in my body that ever felt attracted to any of these officers or felt like any of the words we spoke were true,” Mota said. “It was just this survival technique to play along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers can also write up inmates, which can result in extending a prison sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One officer in her housing unit, who Mota declined to name, demanded that she write sexually explicit letters to him. She also described an officer who expected to see women without their clothes on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would be really appreciative if during count we were in our bras,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mota said she never reported any harassment, fearing retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She joined the Bay Area-based Young Women’s Freedom Center after she was released in 2015. She’s now part of a new movement called Me Too Behind Bars, working to expose sexual abuse of people in prison and jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What does it mean to feel constantly harassed, where they think it’s consensual and we think it’s not but we can’t ever say it?” Mota said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s inmate population includes nearly 5,000 women, about 4% of the 124,000 prisoners in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State prison officials say they have been trying to improve conditions for female inmates in recent years, including enforcing a zero tolerance policy for sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All sexual violence, staff sexual misconduct, and sexual harassment is strictly prohibited,” prisons spokeswoman Simas wrote in an Oct. 11 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state prison system also investigates and tracks all allegations of sexual assault and harassment by staff, including correctional officers, to comply with the federal Prison Rape Elimination Act. In 2018, 337 staff-on-inmate incidents were reported in California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigations substantiated just three of those allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786575\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11786575 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/CDCR-Sexual-Abuse-Cases-Sustained-by-Internal-Investigations-GRAPHIC1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Kelly Heigert/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Independent probes into the culture in women’s lockups have found that these formally reported allegations likely capture only a fraction of the abuse and harassment of incarcerated women by prison staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Prison Law Office, which monitors conditions for inmates as part of a settlement in a decades-old federal class action lawsuit, has interviewed hundreds of women at the Central Valley prison and documented their complaints for the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm \u003ca href=\"https://prisonlaw.com///wp-content/uploads/2016/08/16.08.18-Prison-Law-Office-report-on-CCWF.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported in 2016\u003c/a> that out of a random sample of 80 women, nearly all had experienced sexual abuse or harassment while incarcerated. A second round of interviews turned up similar complaints, often at the hands of the same officers. The firm faulted a culture of bigotry and sexism at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a constant stream of verbal sexual harassment or misogynist statements,” attorney Corene Kendrick said, “kind of cat-calling at its highest level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of women complained the prison officers constantly addressed them as “bitches” or “hos,” Kendrick said. “When they’d make the announcements on the PA system, you know, it’d be ‘Hey bitches, time to go to lunch.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11786524\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11786524\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"Amika Mota poses for a portrait at her home in the San Francisco Bay Area on Sept. 26, holding a framed collage of her 'prison family.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1832x1374.jpeg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1376x1032.jpeg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-1044x783.jpeg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Amika-Mota-Pose-2-536x402.jpeg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amika Mota poses for a portrait at her home in the San Francisco Bay Area on Sept. 26, holding a framed collage of her ‘prison family.’ \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sexual abuse of female prisoners isn’t confined to a single facility, records obtained by KQED revealed. Four correctional officers in the state’s other major women’s prison — in Southern California — were also fired in recent years for sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017 alone, three officers at the California Institution for Women in San Bernardino County had sexual contact with inmates in or near their housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officer Robert Darrow was working an overtime shift in a housing unit on May 12, 2017, when he pulled one of the women responsible for cleaning and mopping the dorm into a broom closet, according to a transcript of a preliminary hearing in a criminal case against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said that he entered in behind her,” an investigator testified. “She was facing away from him. He closed the door. And then he bent her over, pulled her sweatpants down — she didn’t have any underwear — and then he moved his head down and orally copulated her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The encounter lasted only three minutes, according to the testimony, because Darrow heard a noise outside the closet and stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that same month, Officer Tony Garcia sent all the women in a housing unit to breakfast, but one. The woman performed oral sex on him in her cell. He ejaculated on her nightgown, which the woman hid and later turned over to internal affairs. Investigators tested the semen on the nightgown and confirmed it belonged to Garcia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third case involved Officer Stephen Merrill entering the cell of two female inmates at 3:30 a.m. on Oct. 30, 2017, and groping them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An investigation found, “As inmate [REDACTED] stood by the door facing the inside of the cell, she bent over and you inserted your right hand from behind her into her underwear. You grabbed her buttocks. After removing your hand from her underwear, you tasted your fingers by placing them into your mouth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Correctional Officers Fired for Sexual Misconduct 2015-2018\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Click links to read source records.\u003c/em>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Michael Ewell\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=8214744705036891733&hl=en&as_sdt=6&as_vis=1&oi=scholarr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2015 for having a sexual relationship with an inmate\u003cbr>\nNo criminal charges\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Tony Garcia\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548710-Garcia-Tony-NOAA-S-CIW-182-17-D.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for engaging in oral sex with an inmate\u003cbr>\nPleaded no contest to felony charge for sex with a consenting inmate\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Sergio Rios\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548723-Rios-Sergio-NOAA-C-CCWF-580-16-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2017 for having a sexual relationship with an inmate\u003cbr>\nCriminal charges were dropped\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Robert Darrow\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548989-PPL-v-Robert-Darrow-Preliminary-Hearing.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2017 for having oral sex with an inmate\u003cbr>\nCriminal charges were dropped\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Stephen Merrill\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548699-Merrill-Stephen-NOAA-S-CIW-351-17-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for groping two inmates\u003cbr>\nPleaded no contest to felony charge for sex with a consenting inmate\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Israel Trevino\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6548675-Trevino-I-NOAA-C-CCWF-423-17-A.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Terminated\u003c/a> in 2018 for groping and harassing inmates\u003cbr>\nNo criminal charges\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The other inmate then faced the inside of the cell and bent over. Merrill reportedly also groped her from behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disciplinary decision released by prison officials doesn’t provide further details about the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under state and federal statutes, inmates cannot consent to sex with prison guards. Sustained findings of sexual misconduct by a correctional officer will result in dismissal, according to prison policies, and can be grounds for criminal prosecution. All three correctional officers at the Southern California women’s prison were fired and charged with felony sex crimes. Attorneys representing them did not return requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merrill and Garcia took plea deals, according to court records. Garcia served two days in jail and was placed on probation. Merrill’s two-year prison sentence was suspended as he completes three years of probation. He was also sentenced to less than a year of county jail time, eligible for work and weekend release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors in the case against Darrow argued he had “a history of being investigated for sexual activity with inmates,” according to a preliminary hearing transcript in the case. But the San Bernardino County district attorney suddenly dropped the charges against him in March of this year. Deputy DA Lisa Mann, who prosecuted the case, declined to answer any questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some officers are never even charged, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Israel Trevino’s case from the Central Valley prison, it took officials eight months to dismiss him for sexually abusing inmates. He was fired in April 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials never referred Trevino for criminal charges — due to insufficient evidence, according to a spokeswoman. That’s despite investigators’ findings that he repeatedly groped women in his custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Central Region Criminal Investigation team, after a full review of the material, recommended the case instead be opened as an administrative investigation,” spokeswoman Simas wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Office of Inspector General for California prisons monitors all investigations of sexual assault and harassment by officers and issues public reports.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Trevino’s case, the Office of the Inspector General noted several deficiencies in the prison’s investigation. A prison investigator “scheduled case conferences and critical witness interviews for when he knew the OIG would not be available, and only cooperated after the OIG elevated the issue to his supervisor,” according to a 2018 inspector general’s discipline monitoring report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office’s case review also faulted the investigation for failing to substantiate that Trevino was dishonest “when he denied that he made inappropriate, derogatory and sexually harassing comments to inmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have no authority to tell the department, ‘You have to do what we think you should do,’ ” said Inspector General Roy Wesley. “Our power is to write about it and to bring transparency to the public because otherwise nobody knows what happens in these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmate advocates would like California to create another oversight body with more teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also agree with the Prison Law Office’s recommendation that CDCR hire mostly female correctional officers to work inside the women’s housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the male officers fired for sexual misconduct inside California women’s prisons in recent years had access to areas of the housing units where women are changing. Federal law mandates that male officers announce their presence upon entering those areas, but otherwise does not restrict their presence.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the Prison Law Office think prison officials could prevent a lot of abuse by cutting off that access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Washington Department of Corrections at one of their women’s prisons made it a requirement that only women apply for certain positions working inside the housing units where the women live, sleep and bathe,” said Prison Law Office attorney Kendrick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California prison system has been moving in that direction, according to spokeswoman Simas. A greater percentage of jobs in housing units are designated for female officers only, and the prison system is pushing to recruit more women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, women make up roughly a third of officers at the two main female prisons in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mota is still working to turn her experience in prison into an instrument for change. Thinking about the years she was scrutinized and objectified in prison by officers who considered her “their girl” makes her anxious and shaky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not the rules, or the regulations, it’s the culture,” Mota said. “How do you deeply affect this culture that’s existed for so long where it’s ‘normal’ and ‘OK’ to do this shit in prison?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-11786529\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-160x155.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-160x155.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-800x777.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1020x990.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo.png 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>This story was produced by the California Reporting Project, a coalition of 40 news organizations across the state. The project was formed to request and report on previously secret records of police misconduct and use of force in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>One of the first things Charlie Praphatananda did when he got out of prison was vomit. After 22 years inside, hurtling down the freeway at 70 miles an hour was overwhelming, a feeling he’d have again and again in the coming days and weeks as he learned how to send text messages, use Facebook and reconnect with his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the day he got out, he knew there was one place he could get his bearings: California State University, Los Angeles. After puking on the side of the road, he headed to campus, where he got his student ID. Though his hair was a mess in the photo, he was proud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Daniel Whitlow, 39, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster']‘They taught a bunch of traumatized people, that don’t know how to communicate, how to communicate and transcend their trauma.’[/pullquote]A year earlier, Praphatananda was serving a life sentence without the possibility of parole. He was also three years into a bachelor’s degree program — one of 42 men participating in an experiment that tests the limits of the public university mission to spread educational opportunity far and wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State LA’s Prison Graduation Initiative is the state’s only public B.A. program sending professors to teach behind bars. College programs like it were once far more common, but today advocates are hopeful the political winds have shifted enough to bring public dollars back to prison education. \u003ca href=\"https://www.schatz.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/REAL%20Act,%20116th.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federal legislation\u003c/a> that would make grant aid available has bipartisan support, and in California \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB575\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a bill\u003c/a> to open the state’s financial aid program to incarcerated students has been sent to the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the time being, Cal State has made its program work, mostly on private grants. And while it has provided prisoners an undergraduate education, it’s also offered men like Praphatananda something no one expected: a path to freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transcending Trauma\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More stories from 'The College Try' series\" tag=\"college-try\"]Once a month, Taffany Lim makes the 70-mile drive from L.A. to the maximum security state prison in Lancaster, a concrete island in the high desert. Lim helped create the B.A. program here and runs it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since launching the first class four years ago she has become something between a principal and a mom figure to the men in the program. They call her Miss Taffany and treat her with a sort of saintly reverence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can’t get over the fact that our tenure track faculty, our staff, would travel 90 minutes each way to be with them,” said Lim, senior director of Cal State LA’s Center for Engagement, Service and the Public Good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four nights a week, a Cal State professor teaches a three-hour class at the prison that builds toward a bachelor’s in communications. It wasn’t the guys’ first choice, but the business degree they lobbied for was off the table because they lacked the math coursework. Still, they’ve found unexpected meaning in the choice of major.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a stroke of genius,” said Daniel Whitlow, 39, who has been in prison since he was 17. “They taught a bunch of traumatized people, that don’t know how to communicate, how to communicate and transcend their trauma.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775121\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775121\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” said Daniel Whitlow, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” said Daniel Whitlow, an inmate and student at California State Prison, Los Angeles County, in Lancaster. \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The program lives at the prison’s A Yard, a place the men describe as a haven from the brutality of standard prison life, where, as Whitlow puts it: “We are not taught anything other than to perpetuate everything that made us into who we were at that moment when we committed our crime.” All he knew was survival, he said, until he came here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Yard, the progressive programming facility, is a place reserved for men who have earned access to some of the state prison system’s richest rehabilitative services through good conduct. Here, men serving long, often life, sentences put on theatre productions, play music, train service dogs and embrace self-improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in this context, though, they say the B.A. program is a paradigm shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” Whitlow said. “I’ve grown decades in the space of three or four years. I’ve learned everything about myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Public Education Is Really Our Only Option’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the heyday of correctional education in the U.S. in the 1970s, school was seen as crucial for successful rehabilitation, and college-level courses played an important role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='James Cain, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster']‘If I had the chance right now to go home or have this education, I would choose this education.’[/pullquote]“There was an understanding that postsecondary education is one of the few things that really gives people enough skill to make a decent living when they get out,” said retired professor Carolyn Eggleston, who co-founded the Center for the Study of Correctional Education at CSU San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the national political climate began to change, support eroded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will soon have the best educated prison population in the world — but we will have sacrificed the hopes and dreams of hundreds of thousands of our young men and women, who always have been good citizens,” then Sen. Kay Hutchison of Texas told \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Aaa93e664-6c74-475f-9f48-abce817529b7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Congress\u003c/a> in 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the following year, Hutchison’s amendment to the federal crime bill had banned incarcerated students from accessing \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/types/grants-scholarships/pell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pell Grant\u003c/a> aid to help pay for school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without that source of funding, programs began to crumble. Within a decade, the number of prisoners in college classes dropped by \u003ca href=\"https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR564.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">half\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775123\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11775123 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Tiffany Lam, who helped to create the B.A. program and now runs it, greets participating student inmates at Lancaster state prison in fall 2019. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Taffany Lim, who helped to create the B.A. program and now runs it, greets participating student inmates during an event at a state prison in Lancaster in fall 2019. \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, about 4% of the nation’s accredited higher education institutions \u003ca href=\"https://prisoneducationproject.utah.edu/research-collaborative-on-higher-education-in-prison/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">teach\u003c/a> for-credit classes in prison, according to the University of Utah’s Research Collaborative on Higher Education in Prison. Most are community colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='inmates' label='Related Coverage']California has become a national leader in prison education since 2014, when state lawmakers \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140SB1391\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opened the door\u003c/a> for community colleges to begin teaching inside. There are now in-person community college classes \u003ca href=\"https://www.cccco.edu/-/media/CCCCO-Website/About-Us/Reports/Files/CCCCO_Report_Incarcerated_Students-final-ADA.ashx?la=en&hash=D771177F2CF5EC5DBC521A18CFB0CDE8911FF365\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in all\u003c/a> but one prison in the state, enrolling some 4,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The corrections community, lawmakers and others, including some victims’ rights advocates, have generally been supportive of expanding higher education in prison in recent years. Those raising \u003ca href=\"https://prisonuniversityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/PUP-Newsletter-Spring-2019-Web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">concerns\u003c/a> about bringing back Pell often work in prison education themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Castro, who runs the University of Utah collaborative and oversees the school’s in-prison college program, points out that though many more programs existed before the ban on Pell, the quality was dubious in some cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she supports lifting the ban on Pell for prisoners, she has a key caveat: “Incarcerated people are in a position where they cannot participate in this notion of college choice — they don’t have it,” she said. “So when we open the floodgates and allow institutions to access Pell money, without any oversight, we’re asking for a disaster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some advocates are hopeful federal aid could help more public schools reach incarcerated students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the size of our criminal justice population and the scale of mass incarceration … our public higher education system is really our only option,” said Stanford Criminal Justice Center executive director Debbie Mukamal, who co-directs a statewide \u003ca href=\"https://correctionstocollegeca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">initiative\u003c/a> to expand college opportunities for incarcerated and formerly incarcerated students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State LA’s program is the first attempt to bring the state’s public four-year university system to bear on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2019/10/RancanoPrisonToCollege.mp3\" title=\"Part One\" program=\"California Dream\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39225_Roy-teaching-inmates-BA-program.026-qut.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘The Other Fork in Life’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Bidhan Roy first visited A Yard as a volunteer, the Cal State English professor heard from inmates who had amassed a collection of associate’s degrees and were hungry to continue their education. As the number of students working toward such degrees behind bars in California has grown, so has the demand for bachelor’s programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Roy has also come to believe the degree holds special meaning for his incarcerated students because most of them went to prison at the age other young people went away to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a kind of symbolic way it represented the other fork in life. But also the fork, for most of them, that was never an option,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Praphatananda, education never felt like one. He said he was diagnosed with dyslexia and other learning disabilities in fourth grade. “School was just a constant reminder of my shortcomings and failures,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775149\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Charlie Praphatananda is one of five students who had their life sentences commuted and are finishing their degrees on the Cal State LA campus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1200x901.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlie Praphatananda is one of five students who had their life sentences commuted. He is now finishing his degree on the Cal State LA campus. (This image has been altered to conceal Praphatananda’s student identification number.) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Charlie Praphatananda)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So when he got kicked out during his junior year of high school, Praphatananda didn’t care. He spent his late teenage years getting in trouble. At 20, he took part in a robbery that ended in a murder and a life sentence without parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Praphatananda had exhausted his appeals, he had to face down his sentence. “You come to this crossroads where you realize that when they say life without, they mean literally you’re not ever going to get out of prison,” he said. “And you have to make that choice of what you’re going to do with your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he saw it, he had two options: drown himself in drugs until he ran out of money, or try to make the best of it. He opted to earn his GED, then associate’s degree, and was one of Cal State LA’s first students behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of Praphatananda’s classmates in the program have similar histories, and were convicted of equally serious crimes. The sheer number of life sentences on A Yard might have discouraged a less determined advocate, but Roy is guided by a belief that education is a universal right, and foreclosing on human potential isn’t his thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Bidhan Roy, a Cal State LA English professor teaching inmates at the California State Prison in Lancaster']‘In a kind of symbolic way it represented the other fork in life. But also the fork, for most of them, that was never an option.’[/pullquote]In contrast with the victims’ rights advocates of the ‘90s who opposed investing in such programs, the executive director of the National Center for Victims of Crime shares that view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d rather have people who are rehabilitated and can contribute to society than people who are just rotting in a prison cell,” said Mai Fernandez. While she notes she doesn’t speak for all victims, she added: “There are a lot of offenders who have severe trauma backgrounds. We need to look at them also as victims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Almost Always a Backlash’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether Cal State LA’s program can be scaled isn’t clear. It’s a massive logistical and financial undertaking that costs the school about $12,000 a year per student, according to administrators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/pell-secondchance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">national pilot\u003c/a> that allows some prisoners to once again access Pell Grants, and as more and more students begin to use those funds, administrators may be able to rely less on private money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But program coordinator Lim said basic hurdles — like finding Social Security numbers — can stand in the way of getting the funding, not to mention basic \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/eligibility/basic-criteria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">restrictions\u003c/a> on aid that leave many inmates ineligible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775119\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775119\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-800x536.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-1200x804.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allen Burnett, who just had his sentence commuted after 27 years in prison, said after he started working toward a B.A., his stepdaughter was inspired to enroll at Cal State LA, and his nieces and nephews have since started going to school. “This thing right here that we’re doing,” he said, “it’s transcending this facility.” \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.vera.org/publications/investing-in-futures-education-in-prison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> from the Vera Institute of Justice estimates some 463,000 people in prisons nationwide would be eligible for Pell Grants if the ban were lifted. In California, they estimate, reduced recidivism associated with Pell access would save close to $70 million a year in incarceration costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Erin Castro, who oversees the in-prison college program at the University of Utah']‘Incarcerated people are in a position where they cannot participate in this notion of college choice — they don’t have it. So when we open the floodgates and allow institutions to access Pell money, without any oversight, we’re asking for a disaster.’[/pullquote]Recidivism rates in California are stubbornly high: About half of people coming out of California prisons end up getting convicted of another crime — a rate that hasn’t changed in 10 years, the state auditor \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.auditor.ca.gov%2Fpdfs%2Freports%2F2018-113.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">found\u003c/a>, despite increased investment in rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But school is a powerful tool against those odds. A major \u003ca href=\"https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR564.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> by the RAND Corp. found taking classes in prison cuts the chances of getting locked up again by 43%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eggleston, who spent over four decades studying prison education, has watched the ebb and flow of investment over the years and is heartened by what she sees today — but worries it won’t last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s almost always a backlash,” she said. “We lose post-secondary first because of the idea that it’s too much to give those people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2019/10/RancanoPrison2College2way.mp3\" title=\"Part Two\" program=\"California Dream\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39224_Roy-Lancaster_fall2019_163-qut.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From Prison Education to Freedom \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='california-prisons' label='More Coverage']For Cal State’s incarcerated students, the college experience has been transformational — one that has allowed them to believe, often for the first time in their lives, that they hold some value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been the most amazing experience of my entire life, as either a free man or as an incarcerated human being,” said James Cain, who has been in prison for 13 years. “If I had the chance right now to go home or have this education, I would choose this education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the men of A Yard, education has become a kind of freedom. But it’s also led to liberation of the literal sort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the program began, five men have had their life sentences commuted. Three are finishing their degrees on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlie Praphatananda is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ca.gov/archive/gov39/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/August-2018-Pardons-and-Commutations.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the latest\u003c/a>. At 43, Praphatananda has lived more of his life in prison than outside. It took him decades of good conduct and dedicated self-improvement to merit commutation, but the support of Cal State LA went a long way toward proving he should get a second chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was in and I had life without, I had given up on trying to ever get out,” he said. “To go from that perspective to — ‘I’m out here now, I get to go to college, I get to spend time with my family, I get to work’ — that is a blessing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CalMatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the James Irvine Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11768052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219-160x44.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of the first things Charlie Praphatananda did when he got out of prison was vomit. After 22 years inside, hurtling down the freeway at 70 miles an hour was overwhelming, a feeling he’d have again and again in the coming days and weeks as he learned how to send text messages, use Facebook and reconnect with his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the day he got out, he knew there was one place he could get his bearings: California State University, Los Angeles. After puking on the side of the road, he headed to campus, where he got his student ID. Though his hair was a mess in the photo, he was proud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A year earlier, Praphatananda was serving a life sentence without the possibility of parole. He was also three years into a bachelor’s degree program — one of 42 men participating in an experiment that tests the limits of the public university mission to spread educational opportunity far and wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State LA’s Prison Graduation Initiative is the state’s only public B.A. program sending professors to teach behind bars. College programs like it were once far more common, but today advocates are hopeful the political winds have shifted enough to bring public dollars back to prison education. \u003ca href=\"https://www.schatz.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/REAL%20Act,%20116th.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federal legislation\u003c/a> that would make grant aid available has bipartisan support, and in California \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB575\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a bill\u003c/a> to open the state’s financial aid program to incarcerated students has been sent to the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the time being, Cal State has made its program work, mostly on private grants. And while it has provided prisoners an undergraduate education, it’s also offered men like Praphatananda something no one expected: a path to freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Once a month, Taffany Lim makes the 70-mile drive from L.A. to the maximum security state prison in Lancaster, a concrete island in the high desert. Lim helped create the B.A. program here and runs it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since launching the first class four years ago she has become something between a principal and a mom figure to the men in the program. They call her Miss Taffany and treat her with a sort of saintly reverence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can’t get over the fact that our tenure track faculty, our staff, would travel 90 minutes each way to be with them,” said Lim, senior director of Cal State LA’s Center for Engagement, Service and the Public Good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four nights a week, a Cal State professor teaches a three-hour class at the prison that builds toward a bachelor’s in communications. It wasn’t the guys’ first choice, but the business degree they lobbied for was off the table because they lacked the math coursework. Still, they’ve found unexpected meaning in the choice of major.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a stroke of genius,” said Daniel Whitlow, 39, who has been in prison since he was 17. “They taught a bunch of traumatized people, that don’t know how to communicate, how to communicate and transcend their trauma.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775121\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775121\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” said Daniel Whitlow, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” said Daniel Whitlow, an inmate and student at California State Prison, Los Angeles County, in Lancaster. \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The program lives at the prison’s A Yard, a place the men describe as a haven from the brutality of standard prison life, where, as Whitlow puts it: “We are not taught anything other than to perpetuate everything that made us into who we were at that moment when we committed our crime.” All he knew was survival, he said, until he came here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Yard, the progressive programming facility, is a place reserved for men who have earned access to some of the state prison system’s richest rehabilitative services through good conduct. Here, men serving long, often life, sentences put on theatre productions, play music, train service dogs and embrace self-improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in this context, though, they say the B.A. program is a paradigm shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” Whitlow said. “I’ve grown decades in the space of three or four years. I’ve learned everything about myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Public Education Is Really Our Only Option’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the heyday of correctional education in the U.S. in the 1970s, school was seen as crucial for successful rehabilitation, and college-level courses played an important role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘If I had the chance right now to go home or have this education, I would choose this education.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There was an understanding that postsecondary education is one of the few things that really gives people enough skill to make a decent living when they get out,” said retired professor Carolyn Eggleston, who co-founded the Center for the Study of Correctional Education at CSU San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the national political climate began to change, support eroded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will soon have the best educated prison population in the world — but we will have sacrificed the hopes and dreams of hundreds of thousands of our young men and women, who always have been good citizens,” then Sen. Kay Hutchison of Texas told \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Aaa93e664-6c74-475f-9f48-abce817529b7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Congress\u003c/a> in 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the following year, Hutchison’s amendment to the federal crime bill had banned incarcerated students from accessing \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/types/grants-scholarships/pell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pell Grant\u003c/a> aid to help pay for school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without that source of funding, programs began to crumble. Within a decade, the number of prisoners in college classes dropped by \u003ca href=\"https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR564.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">half\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775123\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11775123 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Tiffany Lam, who helped to create the B.A. program and now runs it, greets participating student inmates at Lancaster state prison in fall 2019. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Taffany Lim, who helped to create the B.A. program and now runs it, greets participating student inmates during an event at a state prison in Lancaster in fall 2019. \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, about 4% of the nation’s accredited higher education institutions \u003ca href=\"https://prisoneducationproject.utah.edu/research-collaborative-on-higher-education-in-prison/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">teach\u003c/a> for-credit classes in prison, according to the University of Utah’s Research Collaborative on Higher Education in Prison. Most are community colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>California has become a national leader in prison education since 2014, when state lawmakers \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140SB1391\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opened the door\u003c/a> for community colleges to begin teaching inside. There are now in-person community college classes \u003ca href=\"https://www.cccco.edu/-/media/CCCCO-Website/About-Us/Reports/Files/CCCCO_Report_Incarcerated_Students-final-ADA.ashx?la=en&hash=D771177F2CF5EC5DBC521A18CFB0CDE8911FF365\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in all\u003c/a> but one prison in the state, enrolling some 4,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The corrections community, lawmakers and others, including some victims’ rights advocates, have generally been supportive of expanding higher education in prison in recent years. Those raising \u003ca href=\"https://prisonuniversityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/PUP-Newsletter-Spring-2019-Web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">concerns\u003c/a> about bringing back Pell often work in prison education themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Castro, who runs the University of Utah collaborative and oversees the school’s in-prison college program, points out that though many more programs existed before the ban on Pell, the quality was dubious in some cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she supports lifting the ban on Pell for prisoners, she has a key caveat: “Incarcerated people are in a position where they cannot participate in this notion of college choice — they don’t have it,” she said. “So when we open the floodgates and allow institutions to access Pell money, without any oversight, we’re asking for a disaster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some advocates are hopeful federal aid could help more public schools reach incarcerated students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the size of our criminal justice population and the scale of mass incarceration … our public higher education system is really our only option,” said Stanford Criminal Justice Center executive director Debbie Mukamal, who co-directs a statewide \u003ca href=\"https://correctionstocollegeca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">initiative\u003c/a> to expand college opportunities for incarcerated and formerly incarcerated students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State LA’s program is the first attempt to bring the state’s public four-year university system to bear on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘The Other Fork in Life’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Bidhan Roy first visited A Yard as a volunteer, the Cal State English professor heard from inmates who had amassed a collection of associate’s degrees and were hungry to continue their education. As the number of students working toward such degrees behind bars in California has grown, so has the demand for bachelor’s programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Roy has also come to believe the degree holds special meaning for his incarcerated students because most of them went to prison at the age other young people went away to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a kind of symbolic way it represented the other fork in life. But also the fork, for most of them, that was never an option,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Praphatananda, education never felt like one. He said he was diagnosed with dyslexia and other learning disabilities in fourth grade. “School was just a constant reminder of my shortcomings and failures,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775149\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Charlie Praphatananda is one of five students who had their life sentences commuted and are finishing their degrees on the Cal State LA campus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1200x901.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlie Praphatananda is one of five students who had their life sentences commuted. He is now finishing his degree on the Cal State LA campus. (This image has been altered to conceal Praphatananda’s student identification number.) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Charlie Praphatananda)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So when he got kicked out during his junior year of high school, Praphatananda didn’t care. He spent his late teenage years getting in trouble. At 20, he took part in a robbery that ended in a murder and a life sentence without parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Praphatananda had exhausted his appeals, he had to face down his sentence. “You come to this crossroads where you realize that when they say life without, they mean literally you’re not ever going to get out of prison,” he said. “And you have to make that choice of what you’re going to do with your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he saw it, he had two options: drown himself in drugs until he ran out of money, or try to make the best of it. He opted to earn his GED, then associate’s degree, and was one of Cal State LA’s first students behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of Praphatananda’s classmates in the program have similar histories, and were convicted of equally serious crimes. The sheer number of life sentences on A Yard might have discouraged a less determined advocate, but Roy is guided by a belief that education is a universal right, and foreclosing on human potential isn’t his thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In contrast with the victims’ rights advocates of the ‘90s who opposed investing in such programs, the executive director of the National Center for Victims of Crime shares that view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d rather have people who are rehabilitated and can contribute to society than people who are just rotting in a prison cell,” said Mai Fernandez. While she notes she doesn’t speak for all victims, she added: “There are a lot of offenders who have severe trauma backgrounds. We need to look at them also as victims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Almost Always a Backlash’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether Cal State LA’s program can be scaled isn’t clear. It’s a massive logistical and financial undertaking that costs the school about $12,000 a year per student, according to administrators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/pell-secondchance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">national pilot\u003c/a> that allows some prisoners to once again access Pell Grants, and as more and more students begin to use those funds, administrators may be able to rely less on private money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But program coordinator Lim said basic hurdles — like finding Social Security numbers — can stand in the way of getting the funding, not to mention basic \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/eligibility/basic-criteria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">restrictions\u003c/a> on aid that leave many inmates ineligible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775119\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775119\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-800x536.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-1200x804.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allen Burnett, who just had his sentence commuted after 27 years in prison, said after he started working toward a B.A., his stepdaughter was inspired to enroll at Cal State LA, and his nieces and nephews have since started going to school. “This thing right here that we’re doing,” he said, “it’s transcending this facility.” \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.vera.org/publications/investing-in-futures-education-in-prison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> from the Vera Institute of Justice estimates some 463,000 people in prisons nationwide would be eligible for Pell Grants if the ban were lifted. In California, they estimate, reduced recidivism associated with Pell access would save close to $70 million a year in incarceration costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Incarcerated people are in a position where they cannot participate in this notion of college choice — they don’t have it. So when we open the floodgates and allow institutions to access Pell money, without any oversight, we’re asking for a disaster.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Recidivism rates in California are stubbornly high: About half of people coming out of California prisons end up getting convicted of another crime — a rate that hasn’t changed in 10 years, the state auditor \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.auditor.ca.gov%2Fpdfs%2Freports%2F2018-113.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">found\u003c/a>, despite increased investment in rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But school is a powerful tool against those odds. A major \u003ca href=\"https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR564.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> by the RAND Corp. found taking classes in prison cuts the chances of getting locked up again by 43%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eggleston, who spent over four decades studying prison education, has watched the ebb and flow of investment over the years and is heartened by what she sees today — but worries it won’t last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s almost always a backlash,” she said. “We lose post-secondary first because of the idea that it’s too much to give those people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From Prison Education to Freedom \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For Cal State’s incarcerated students, the college experience has been transformational — one that has allowed them to believe, often for the first time in their lives, that they hold some value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been the most amazing experience of my entire life, as either a free man or as an incarcerated human being,” said James Cain, who has been in prison for 13 years. “If I had the chance right now to go home or have this education, I would choose this education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the men of A Yard, education has become a kind of freedom. But it’s also led to liberation of the literal sort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the program began, five men have had their life sentences commuted. Three are finishing their degrees on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlie Praphatananda is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ca.gov/archive/gov39/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/August-2018-Pardons-and-Commutations.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the latest\u003c/a>. At 43, Praphatananda has lived more of his life in prison than outside. It took him decades of good conduct and dedicated self-improvement to merit commutation, but the support of Cal State LA went a long way toward proving he should get a second chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was in and I had life without, I had given up on trying to ever get out,” he said. “To go from that perspective to — ‘I’m out here now, I get to go to college, I get to spend time with my family, I get to work’ — that is a blessing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CalMatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the James Irvine Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom on Friday announced that he had commuted the sentences of 21 California prison inmates, most convicted of murder or attempted murder and seven of whom had been serving life terms with no chance of parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom cited the youth of a majority of the offenders he selected when they committed their crimes, including one inmate from Santa Clara County who was convicted at the age of 15 for his involvement in a robbery and murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also criticized what he called the “disproportionately long sentencing enhancements” for some felons, including 25-years-to-life for using a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s office pointed to studies showing that the part of the brain responsible for impulse control does not mature until well into adulthood, along with offenders’ capacity for remorse and rehabilitation. He noted that the state and federal Supreme Court and California lawmakers have all found that youthful offenders must have a meaningful opportunity for parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commutations do not immediately free the inmates, but do make them eligible for parole hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related stories\" tag=\"california-prisons\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Governor reviews each application on its own merits,” Vicky Waters, a spokeswoman for the governor, said in an email. “He carefully reviewed each application and considered a number of factors, including the circumstances of the crime and the sentence imposed, the applicant’s conduct while in prison and the applicant’s self-development efforts since the offense, including whether they have made use of available rehabilitative programs and addressed treatment needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the inmates have served at least a decade behind bars, including \u003ca href=\"https://casetext.com/case/nails-v-mcewen-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maurice Nails\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/BAY-AREA-REPORT-EAST-BAY-3-Teens-Held-In-3018096.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alladin Pangilinan\u003c/a>, both of whom were convicted in separate Alameda County murder cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also noted that in several of the commutations, the offender had been an accomplice in a slaying but had not been the one who pulled the trigger. California recently enacted laws \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714600/california-inmates-convicted-under-felony-murder-rule-prep-for-new-shot-at-freedom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">limiting the so-called felony murder rule\u003c/a>, as well as laws making sure youthful offenders are considered for parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commutations differ from the pardons that Newsom previously granted to scrub the records of offenders who had already completed their sentences. The governor has received more than 3,200 official requests for commutation since taking office in January, and this marks his first time using his clemency authority to grant them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Newsom put a moratorium on executions so long as he is governor, although none of the offenders granted commutation had been sentenced to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s predecessor, Jerry Brown, had criticized the numerous sentencing enhancements allowed under California law, many adopted as get-tough policies in the 1980s and 1990s. In his most recent eight years in office, Brown granted \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/Gov-Jerry-Brown-sets-record-for-pardons-13487741.php?psid=mOTyr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">upward of 1,100 pardons and 152 commutations\u003c/a>, far more than any other governor in modern California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State lawmakers on Friday were on the verge of sending Newsom a bill ending a mandatory one-year enhancement for repeat nonviolent felonies, though he has not said if he will sign it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those granted commutation by Newsom was Doris Roldan, an 80-year-old woman from Los Angeles County who is now in a wheelchair and has been serving a life-without-parole sentence for working with two accomplices to kill her husband when she was 42 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other inmates benefited from a program that trains and socializes dogs rescued from animal shelters, some of whom are prepared to help veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inmates include Marcus McJimpson, who was 21 in 1988 when he shot and killed two men during an altercation. He was a founding member of the Paws for Life dog training program, while Bryant Salas participated on the program. Salas was 18 in 2007 when he participated in a gang-related fight during which an accomplice stabbed two men, killing one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Matthew Green contributed reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom on Friday announced that he had commuted the sentences of 21 California prison inmates, most convicted of murder or attempted murder and seven of whom had been serving life terms with no chance of parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom cited the youth of a majority of the offenders he selected when they committed their crimes, including one inmate from Santa Clara County who was convicted at the age of 15 for his involvement in a robbery and murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also criticized what he called the “disproportionately long sentencing enhancements” for some felons, including 25-years-to-life for using a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s office pointed to studies showing that the part of the brain responsible for impulse control does not mature until well into adulthood, along with offenders’ capacity for remorse and rehabilitation. He noted that the state and federal Supreme Court and California lawmakers have all found that youthful offenders must have a meaningful opportunity for parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commutations do not immediately free the inmates, but do make them eligible for parole hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Governor reviews each application on its own merits,” Vicky Waters, a spokeswoman for the governor, said in an email. “He carefully reviewed each application and considered a number of factors, including the circumstances of the crime and the sentence imposed, the applicant’s conduct while in prison and the applicant’s self-development efforts since the offense, including whether they have made use of available rehabilitative programs and addressed treatment needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the inmates have served at least a decade behind bars, including \u003ca href=\"https://casetext.com/case/nails-v-mcewen-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maurice Nails\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/BAY-AREA-REPORT-EAST-BAY-3-Teens-Held-In-3018096.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alladin Pangilinan\u003c/a>, both of whom were convicted in separate Alameda County murder cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also noted that in several of the commutations, the offender had been an accomplice in a slaying but had not been the one who pulled the trigger. California recently enacted laws \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714600/california-inmates-convicted-under-felony-murder-rule-prep-for-new-shot-at-freedom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">limiting the so-called felony murder rule\u003c/a>, as well as laws making sure youthful offenders are considered for parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commutations differ from the pardons that Newsom previously granted to scrub the records of offenders who had already completed their sentences. The governor has received more than 3,200 official requests for commutation since taking office in January, and this marks his first time using his clemency authority to grant them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Newsom put a moratorium on executions so long as he is governor, although none of the offenders granted commutation had been sentenced to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s predecessor, Jerry Brown, had criticized the numerous sentencing enhancements allowed under California law, many adopted as get-tough policies in the 1980s and 1990s. In his most recent eight years in office, Brown granted \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/Gov-Jerry-Brown-sets-record-for-pardons-13487741.php?psid=mOTyr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">upward of 1,100 pardons and 152 commutations\u003c/a>, far more than any other governor in modern California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State lawmakers on Friday were on the verge of sending Newsom a bill ending a mandatory one-year enhancement for repeat nonviolent felonies, though he has not said if he will sign it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those granted commutation by Newsom was Doris Roldan, an 80-year-old woman from Los Angeles County who is now in a wheelchair and has been serving a life-without-parole sentence for working with two accomplices to kill her husband when she was 42 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other inmates benefited from a program that trains and socializes dogs rescued from animal shelters, some of whom are prepared to help veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inmates include Marcus McJimpson, who was 21 in 1988 when he shot and killed two men during an altercation. He was a founding member of the Paws for Life dog training program, while Bryant Salas participated on the program. Salas was 18 in 2007 when he participated in a gang-related fight during which an accomplice stabbed two men, killing one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Matthew Green contributed reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A Vacaville man facing sex crime charges involving a 16-year-old girl in 2014 worked until late last year as a correctional officer for the state prison system, according to some of the first internal investigation files released by the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation under California’s new police transparency law.[pullquote size=\"small\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jared Lozano, Acting Warden, California Medical Facility\"]'(She) trusted you because you had shared with her that you were a correctional officer.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records show that prison guard Nathan Ortega became sexually involved with a teenager he met online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials ultimately fired Ortega in 2018 for lying to Vacaville police officers about the “extent and nature” of his relationship with the girl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police arrested Ortega on June 21, 2018, under suspicion of sending harmful material to seduce a minor, contacting a minor to commit a felony, sexual penetration and oral sex with a person under 18.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n“(She) trusted you because you had shared with her that you were a correctional officer,” the acting warden of the California Medical Facility in Vacaville wrote in a Nov. 15, 2018, dismissal notice to Ortega. “Your conduct brought discredit to yourself and the Department. Such conduct is not acceptable and will not be tolerated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors charged Ortega in March with six felonies, according to the Solano County District Attorney’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega first connected with the under-age girl in early 2014 through a website, records from the internal investigation show. In that initial chat, the girl revealed that she was 16 and lived in Los Angeles. Ortega responded that he was 31 and lived in Vacaville. They eventually exchanged phone numbers. The girl told Ortega that she lived in an abusive home she desperately wanted to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega told the girl he worked as a prison guard and could protect her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon the two were texting daily, the records say. Ortega sent sexually explicit text messages to the Los Angeles teenager and asked her to send him pictures of herself nude. She sent 30 such pictures, according to the prison system’s report. Ortega sent two pictures of his erect penis to the girl, but he stopped when she became “uncomfortable” and asked him not to send any more.[aside postID=\"news_11767613,news_11749447,news_11740176\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/Police-Art_1.gif\" heroLink=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/police-records\" target=\"_blank\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega also used video chat a few times and asked the girl to undress and masturbate in front of the camera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2014 the girl — then 17 years old — stayed with Ortega in his Vacaville home. She told Vacaville police that the two had intercourse once and oral sex a number of times over the nine-day visit, according to the prison system’s report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega purchased a plane ticket for the girl to visit a second time in December 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The relationship sputtered out shortly after, when Ortega told her he liked her as a friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The young woman contacted Vacaville police in December 2017 to press charges, according to a disciplinary notice to Ortega.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now that (redacted) was older, she realized that she had felt taken advantage of and manipulated by you,” the record says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A police officer interviewed Ortega on June 13 of last year about the girl’s allegations “that she was raped multiple times by you and there were some other sexual acts performed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega repeatedly denied having had sex with the minor or ever using force. He eventually admitted the girl came to visit him once and they had oral sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In actual fact, you and (redacted) engaged in numerous sexual acts,” the warden wrote, finding that Ortega’s dishonesty justified firing him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records show that Ortega confided in the Vacaville police officer that he was worried about his employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m wondering what this will do to my job,” Ortega is quoted as saying. “It horrifies me that there’s any kind of potential that my ability to continue to do what I do might be affected by this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega spent roughly a month in jail before posting $45,000 in bail. His case is scheduled for trial in Solano County in November.[aside tag=\"california-department-of-corrections-and-rehabilitation\" label=\"State Prisons\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega’s attorney declined a request for comment while the case is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The misconduct case was among 35 the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation released this month in response to a Jan. 1 public records request filed by a broad coalition of news organizations, including KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a new state transparency law, Senate Bill 1421, all agencies in California that employ peace officers must release disciplinary reports for findings of sexual misconduct or dishonesty and all incidents in which an officer fired a gun or used any type of force that resulted in great bodily injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the 2018 disciplinary cases released so far involve off-duty conduct that violated department policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, several cases that resulted in dismissals for dishonesty stem from employees lying or obfuscating during police investigations of domestic violence or driving under the influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dishonesty was also the prison system’s basis for firing Ortega.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only one dismissal among the 2018 cases released so far was based on sexual misconduct. Pelican Bay State Prison officials fired correctional officer Will Baptista after he was arrested in April of last year for allegedly raping and beating his girlfriend, according to summary records produced on that case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department also released findings on several allegations of excessive force and the firing of weapons. All of the officers who fired guns during inmate attacks or riots were exonerated of any wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An officer was disciplined for injuring his own hand and his wife’s leg in what appears to be an accidental gunshot while he was at home. Another officer was disciplined for improperly using force when he lifted an inmate up and slammed him to the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the case files are still incomplete. More cases and supporting materials for the files already produced, including internal affairs reports and video and audio recordings, are still being prepared for release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lisa Pickoff-White and Sukey Lewis of KQED News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced as part of the California Reporting Project, a collaboration of 40 newsrooms across the state to obtain and report on police misconduct and serious use-of-force records unsealed in 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“(She) trusted you because you had shared with her that you were a correctional officer,” the acting warden of the California Medical Facility in Vacaville wrote in a Nov. 15, 2018, dismissal notice to Ortega. “Your conduct brought discredit to yourself and the Department. Such conduct is not acceptable and will not be tolerated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors charged Ortega in March with six felonies, according to the Solano County District Attorney’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega first connected with the under-age girl in early 2014 through a website, records from the internal investigation show. In that initial chat, the girl revealed that she was 16 and lived in Los Angeles. Ortega responded that he was 31 and lived in Vacaville. They eventually exchanged phone numbers. The girl told Ortega that she lived in an abusive home she desperately wanted to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega told the girl he worked as a prison guard and could protect her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon the two were texting daily, the records say. Ortega sent sexually explicit text messages to the Los Angeles teenager and asked her to send him pictures of herself nude. She sent 30 such pictures, according to the prison system’s report. Ortega sent two pictures of his erect penis to the girl, but he stopped when she became “uncomfortable” and asked him not to send any more.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega also used video chat a few times and asked the girl to undress and masturbate in front of the camera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2014 the girl — then 17 years old — stayed with Ortega in his Vacaville home. She told Vacaville police that the two had intercourse once and oral sex a number of times over the nine-day visit, according to the prison system’s report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega purchased a plane ticket for the girl to visit a second time in December 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The relationship sputtered out shortly after, when Ortega told her he liked her as a friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The young woman contacted Vacaville police in December 2017 to press charges, according to a disciplinary notice to Ortega.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now that (redacted) was older, she realized that she had felt taken advantage of and manipulated by you,” the record says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A police officer interviewed Ortega on June 13 of last year about the girl’s allegations “that she was raped multiple times by you and there were some other sexual acts performed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega repeatedly denied having had sex with the minor or ever using force. He eventually admitted the girl came to visit him once and they had oral sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In actual fact, you and (redacted) engaged in numerous sexual acts,” the warden wrote, finding that Ortega’s dishonesty justified firing him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records show that Ortega confided in the Vacaville police officer that he was worried about his employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m wondering what this will do to my job,” Ortega is quoted as saying. “It horrifies me that there’s any kind of potential that my ability to continue to do what I do might be affected by this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega spent roughly a month in jail before posting $45,000 in bail. His case is scheduled for trial in Solano County in November.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega’s attorney declined a request for comment while the case is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The misconduct case was among 35 the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation released this month in response to a Jan. 1 public records request filed by a broad coalition of news organizations, including KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a new state transparency law, Senate Bill 1421, all agencies in California that employ peace officers must release disciplinary reports for findings of sexual misconduct or dishonesty and all incidents in which an officer fired a gun or used any type of force that resulted in great bodily injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the 2018 disciplinary cases released so far involve off-duty conduct that violated department policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, several cases that resulted in dismissals for dishonesty stem from employees lying or obfuscating during police investigations of domestic violence or driving under the influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dishonesty was also the prison system’s basis for firing Ortega.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only one dismissal among the 2018 cases released so far was based on sexual misconduct. Pelican Bay State Prison officials fired correctional officer Will Baptista after he was arrested in April of last year for allegedly raping and beating his girlfriend, according to summary records produced on that case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department also released findings on several allegations of excessive force and the firing of weapons. All of the officers who fired guns during inmate attacks or riots were exonerated of any wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An officer was disciplined for injuring his own hand and his wife’s leg in what appears to be an accidental gunshot while he was at home. Another officer was disciplined for improperly using force when he lifted an inmate up and slammed him to the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the case files are still incomplete. More cases and supporting materials for the files already produced, including internal affairs reports and video and audio recordings, are still being prepared for release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lisa Pickoff-White and Sukey Lewis of KQED News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced as part of the California Reporting Project, a collaboration of 40 newsrooms across the state to obtain and report on police misconduct and serious use-of-force records unsealed in 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Report: California Prison Guards Broke Use of Force Rules in Nearly Half of 2018 Incidents",
"title": "Report: California Prison Guards Broke Use of Force Rules in Nearly Half of 2018 Incidents",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Prison guards in California routinely violated use-of-force rules, according to an official review of 2018 incidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While state prison guards are allowed to use force on inmates who threaten the safety of others or the security of institutions, the new report from California's Office of the Inspector General found that staff routinely used force unnecessarily and in violation of department policy. [aside tag='california-department-of-corrections-and-rehabilitation' label='California Prisons' heroLink='https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california-department-of-corrections-and-rehabilitation' target='_blank']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The department’s overall compliance rate remains low, with the department finding only 55% of incidents in full compliance with its policies and procedures,” Inspector General Roy Wesley wrote in a letter to state lawmakers. The report found that officers at contract facilities, where state prisons house an overflow of inmates, often fail to specify exactly how they were threatened and why they needed to use force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6168490-OIG-2018-Use-of-Force-Monitoring-Report-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> cited several examples, including one where an inmate refused to put on handcuffs, but didn't pose any apparent threat. A prison guard was caught on video grabbing the inmate from behind and forcing him to the ground. Other guards jumped into the scuffle. The inspector general said there was no threat that would justify the kind of force used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prison warden, though, disagreed and determined that the guards had followed protocol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspector general's office reviewed 6,426 incidents that had been recorded by California prison officials in 2018 and found “only minimal improvement” in getting guards to comply with use-of-force policies since the last review in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever training they're using to reinforce the policy isn't working,” said Don Specter, an attorney with the Prison Law Office. “There's very little accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specter’s firm has been tracking use of force on California inmates for 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The good news is that when they review the use of force they figure out that there were violations of policy,” Specter said. “The bad news is, they don't do anything about it. So there's no improvement from year-to-year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspector general found that half of all uses of force involved chemical agents, such as pepper spray. Officers used physical restraint and control holds a third of the time, and resorted to rubber bullets, batons and Tasers 19% of the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specter was most concerned with the inspector general’s finding that many of the incidents in question involved inmates who were confined to their cells and didn’t pose an imminent threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspector general’s review also found that prison staff often did not properly follow procedures for investigating inmate complaints by “completing untimely interviews, not recording inmate injuries, completing interviews in a non-confidential setting, or conducting interviews even though they were involved in the incident.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>Prisons With the Most Uses of Force\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A third of the force incidents reviewed by the inspector general occurred at just five of the 33 state prisons, all of which are high security:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Salinas Valley State Prison (500)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>California State Prison, Sacramento (495)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Kern Valley State Prison (484)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>California State Prison, Los Angeles County (421)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>California State Prison, Corcoran (420)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The department is supposed to take pictures of people who allege excessive use of force or who are subject to uses of force within 48 hours so that you can document the extent of the injuries, if any,” said Specter. “But they fail to do that in a timely manner as well, and that eliminates some pretty powerful evidence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials were still evaluating the findings Tuesday, according to California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Vicky Waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Use of force is sometimes necessary when dealing with incidents that may pose a safety and security risk for both inmates and staff,” Waters wrote in an email. “It is a priority for our department that all staff follow policies, protocols and procedures, and we will continue to collaborate with the Office of the Inspector General to ensure full compliance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspector general recommended that the state prison system require all its correctional officers to attend use of force training to ensure compliance with the department’s policy, and suggested the department impose discipline of increasing severity against supervising and participating staff who violated policy when an inmate was in a controlled space, such as a cell.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The department’s overall compliance rate remains low, with the department finding only 55% of incidents in full compliance with its policies and procedures,” Inspector General Roy Wesley wrote in a letter to state lawmakers. The report found that officers at contract facilities, where state prisons house an overflow of inmates, often fail to specify exactly how they were threatened and why they needed to use force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6168490-OIG-2018-Use-of-Force-Monitoring-Report-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> cited several examples, including one where an inmate refused to put on handcuffs, but didn't pose any apparent threat. A prison guard was caught on video grabbing the inmate from behind and forcing him to the ground. Other guards jumped into the scuffle. The inspector general said there was no threat that would justify the kind of force used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prison warden, though, disagreed and determined that the guards had followed protocol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspector general's office reviewed 6,426 incidents that had been recorded by California prison officials in 2018 and found “only minimal improvement” in getting guards to comply with use-of-force policies since the last review in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever training they're using to reinforce the policy isn't working,” said Don Specter, an attorney with the Prison Law Office. “There's very little accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specter’s firm has been tracking use of force on California inmates for 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The good news is that when they review the use of force they figure out that there were violations of policy,” Specter said. “The bad news is, they don't do anything about it. So there's no improvement from year-to-year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspector general found that half of all uses of force involved chemical agents, such as pepper spray. Officers used physical restraint and control holds a third of the time, and resorted to rubber bullets, batons and Tasers 19% of the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specter was most concerned with the inspector general’s finding that many of the incidents in question involved inmates who were confined to their cells and didn’t pose an imminent threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspector general’s review also found that prison staff often did not properly follow procedures for investigating inmate complaints by “completing untimely interviews, not recording inmate injuries, completing interviews in a non-confidential setting, or conducting interviews even though they were involved in the incident.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>Prisons With the Most Uses of Force\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A third of the force incidents reviewed by the inspector general occurred at just five of the 33 state prisons, all of which are high security:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Salinas Valley State Prison (500)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>California State Prison, Sacramento (495)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Kern Valley State Prison (484)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>California State Prison, Los Angeles County (421)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>California State Prison, Corcoran (420)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The department is supposed to take pictures of people who allege excessive use of force or who are subject to uses of force within 48 hours so that you can document the extent of the injuries, if any,” said Specter. “But they fail to do that in a timely manner as well, and that eliminates some pretty powerful evidence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials were still evaluating the findings Tuesday, according to California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Vicky Waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Use of force is sometimes necessary when dealing with incidents that may pose a safety and security risk for both inmates and staff,” Waters wrote in an email. “It is a priority for our department that all staff follow policies, protocols and procedures, and we will continue to collaborate with the Office of the Inspector General to ensure full compliance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspector general recommended that the state prison system require all its correctional officers to attend use of force training to ensure compliance with the department’s policy, and suggested the department impose discipline of increasing severity against supervising and participating staff who violated policy when an inmate was in a controlled space, such as a cell.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Possessing Marijuana in Prison 'Is Not A Felony,' California Court Says",
"title": "Possessing Marijuana in Prison 'Is Not A Felony,' California Court Says",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>California prison inmates who possess small amounts of marijuana are not guilty of a felony crime, a California appeals court ruled this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court reasoned that because it's legal to have small amounts of pot in the state, the same is true inside its prisons. But the justices also said it's still illegal to smoke or ingest cannabis in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling, from a panel of California's 3rd District Court of Appeal in Sacramento, overturns the convictions of five inmates who had been found guilty of possessing marijuana — convictions that added more prison time to their sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The plain language of Proposition 64 is clear,\" a panel of three justices said, referring to the 2016 initiative legalizing recreational marijuana use. They concluded that \"possession of less than one ounce of cannabis in prison or a similar penal institution is not a felony.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11638056\"]In response to the ruling, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation emphasized that inmates are still banned from smoking or ingesting marijuana in its prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While the court's decision is still under review, we want to be clear that drug use and sales within state prisons remains prohibited,\" said CDCR Press Secretary Vicky Waters. She added that the agency will \"evaluate this decision with an eye towards maintaining health and security within our institutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/6153305/3rd-Court-Ruling-Cannabis-In-California-Prisons.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite their conclusion that possessing cannabis does not constitute a felony, the court said prison authorities could still ban marijuana possession \"to maintain order and safety in the prisons and other penal institutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision was met with confusion among both prosecutors and criminal defense attorneys, even as some acknowledged that it is a step toward adjusting criminal law to reflect recreational marijuana's legal status in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're doing two years on a robbery, it does seem like a lot to have eight years added for possession of less than an ounce of marijuana,\" defense attorney Dan Olsen told Sacramento's \u003ca href=\"https://fox40.com/2019/06/13/pot-possession-in-prisons-approved-by-california-appeals-court/\">Fox 40 TV news\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 20-page opinion written by Presiding Justice Vance W. Raye, the appeals court said Attorney General Xavier Becerra's office \"takes a huge leap\" in arguing that possessing small amounts of marijuana is legally banned in prison, despite the sweeping and plainly stated changes to California's drug laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The argument flies in the face of the plain language of the statute and common sense,\" Raye wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The justices noted the unambiguous language of the state's marijuana law — which still bans using the drug under certain circumstances. They also agreed with the defendants' contention that while smoking or ingesting cannabis in prison is specifically prohibited, the law leaves the door open to other methods of using cannabis. Those methods, they added, could include vaping or applying topical oils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorney general's office had argued that the law resulted in an \"absurdity\" that would essentially legalize the use of a controlled substance in prisons and encourage drug smuggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But disagreeing with a drug policy decision isn't enough of a reason to declare that a law is absurd, the court said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"drug-laws\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The question of law we review ... is whether the plain language of the statute leads to an absurd result. We conclude it does not,\" Raye wrote. \"A result is not absurd because the outcome may be unwise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra's office has not yet said whether it plans to appeal the ruling, The Associated Press reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court also suggested that new legislation, or even a new referendum, could ease some of the confusion over marijuana policies in California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The remedy for clearly written language that achieves a dubious policy outcome is not judicial intervention but correction by the people or the Legislature,\" Raye wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A three-judge panel ruled that because it's legal to have small amounts of pot in California, the same is true inside prison. Smoking or ingesting cannabis in prison, however, is still illegal, the court said.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California prison inmates who possess small amounts of marijuana are not guilty of a felony crime, a California appeals court ruled this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court reasoned that because it's legal to have small amounts of pot in the state, the same is true inside its prisons. But the justices also said it's still illegal to smoke or ingest cannabis in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling, from a panel of California's 3rd District Court of Appeal in Sacramento, overturns the convictions of five inmates who had been found guilty of possessing marijuana — convictions that added more prison time to their sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The plain language of Proposition 64 is clear,\" a panel of three justices said, referring to the 2016 initiative legalizing recreational marijuana use. They concluded that \"possession of less than one ounce of cannabis in prison or a similar penal institution is not a felony.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In response to the ruling, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation emphasized that inmates are still banned from smoking or ingesting marijuana in its prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While the court's decision is still under review, we want to be clear that drug use and sales within state prisons remains prohibited,\" said CDCR Press Secretary Vicky Waters. She added that the agency will \"evaluate this decision with an eye towards maintaining health and security within our institutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/6153305/3rd-Court-Ruling-Cannabis-In-California-Prisons.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite their conclusion that possessing cannabis does not constitute a felony, the court said prison authorities could still ban marijuana possession \"to maintain order and safety in the prisons and other penal institutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision was met with confusion among both prosecutors and criminal defense attorneys, even as some acknowledged that it is a step toward adjusting criminal law to reflect recreational marijuana's legal status in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're doing two years on a robbery, it does seem like a lot to have eight years added for possession of less than an ounce of marijuana,\" defense attorney Dan Olsen told Sacramento's \u003ca href=\"https://fox40.com/2019/06/13/pot-possession-in-prisons-approved-by-california-appeals-court/\">Fox 40 TV news\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 20-page opinion written by Presiding Justice Vance W. Raye, the appeals court said Attorney General Xavier Becerra's office \"takes a huge leap\" in arguing that possessing small amounts of marijuana is legally banned in prison, despite the sweeping and plainly stated changes to California's drug laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The argument flies in the face of the plain language of the statute and common sense,\" Raye wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The justices noted the unambiguous language of the state's marijuana law — which still bans using the drug under certain circumstances. They also agreed with the defendants' contention that while smoking or ingesting cannabis in prison is specifically prohibited, the law leaves the door open to other methods of using cannabis. Those methods, they added, could include vaping or applying topical oils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorney general's office had argued that the law resulted in an \"absurdity\" that would essentially legalize the use of a controlled substance in prisons and encourage drug smuggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But disagreeing with a drug policy decision isn't enough of a reason to declare that a law is absurd, the court said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The question of law we review ... is whether the plain language of the statute leads to an absurd result. We conclude it does not,\" Raye wrote. \"A result is not absurd because the outcome may be unwise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra's office has not yet said whether it plans to appeal the ruling, The Associated Press reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court also suggested that new legislation, or even a new referendum, could ease some of the confusion over marijuana policies in California prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The remedy for clearly written language that achieves a dubious policy outcome is not judicial intervention but correction by the people or the Legislature,\" Raye wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Formerly incarcerated people who can’t find work within the first year of their release face a\u003ca href=\"https://prison2ec.org/employment-fact-citations/\"> 52 percent chance\u003c/a> of returning to prison. Those who do find work have a better chance of staying out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out, it’s kind of hard having to ask people for a second chance,” said Joel McCarter, who was released from San Quentin State Prison in 2017. While serving time there, he enrolled in one of the many rehabilitation and transitional programs at the state prison — Quentin Cooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 12-week culinary class teaches inmates kitchen and cooking skills. It also helps them get certified to work in the food service industry, so they can apply for jobs and work when they get out of prison. The program has held five 12-week sessions since it was started in 2016 by baker Helaine “Lainy” Melnitzer and Lisa Dombroski, who is a former chef. The two noticed a worker shortage in the Bay Area food industry, and thought a culinary training class for inmates could help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11750631\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11750631\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Kerry-Rudd-Center-and-Aaron-Tillis-Left-prepare-and-cook-shrimp-for-the-fifth-graduation-dinner-of-the-Quentin-Cooks-Culinary-program-on-May-22-2019-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Kerry Rudd (center) and Aaron Tillis (right) prepare and cook shrimp for the fifth graduation dinner of the Quentin Cooks program on May 22, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kerry Rudd (center) and Aaron Tillis (right) prepare and cook shrimp for the fifth graduation dinner of the Quentin Cooks program on May 22, 2019.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We need employment and people won’t judge them for their past and their tattoos,” said Melnitzer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After going through the course, McCarter landed a job at Smoke Berkeley, a barbecue joint in the East Bay. He visited inmates at San Quentin recently during one of the program’s graduating dinner sessions to tell others about how he’s been able to transition with the program’s help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11752133\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11752133\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Joel McCarter, a graduate of the Quentin Cooks program at San Quentin State Prison, now works at Smoke Berkeley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joel McCarter, a graduate of the Quentin Cooks program at San Quentin State Prison, now works at Smoke Berkeley. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We don’t care about your past. As long as you’re able and willing to come to work, there’s a job for you,” he said. “They give everybody hope and let them know that we don’t have to go back to our crazy ways. There are other opportunities out there for us now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are challenges that rehabilitation and transitional programs can’t prepare you for; that is, the shock of being released into a Bay Area that looks and feels very different from the one you left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every other block was a tent city, and that was mind blowing,” McCarter said about being back in Oakland after prison. “I have never thought I would see that in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restaurant employers in the Bay Area are struggling to keep talent around because of the high cost of housing. More and more, people who work in the food service industry are\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/technology/businessinsider/article/san-francisco-so-expensive-housing-waiters-food-13461447.php\"> finding it difficult to live near their jobs.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The building that houses Smoke Berkeley, where McCarter works, has since been sold. The restaurant’s owner says they have until July 31 to leave the property, and what will happen of McCarter’s job is now unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11750622\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11750622 size-medium\" style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent;color: #767676\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Alvis Taylor shows off his ServSafe Food Handler's Certificate which comes in his diploma for graduation from the Quentin Cooks culinary program at San Quentin State Prison on May 22, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alvis Taylor shows off his ServSafe Food Handler’s Certificate which comes in his diploma for graduation from the Quentin Cooks culinary program at San Quentin State Prison on May 22, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read more about Quentin Cooks and see photos of the participants in Mary Franklin’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749747/san-quentin-cooking-class-serves-up-chance-for-better-future-after-release\">story\u003c/a>. Click the “listen” button above to hear this story in podcast form, or find \u003cem>The Bay\u003c/em> on your favorite podcast app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Subscribe to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">The Bay\u003c/a> to hear more local, Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">Spotify\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">Stitcher\u003c/a>, NPR One, or via \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">Alexa\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"components-Ad-___Ad__ad components-Ad-___Ad__ad__fullwidth\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv class=\"components-Ad-___Ad__ad_Wrapper\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Formerly incarcerated people who can’t find work within the first year of their release face a\u003ca href=\"https://prison2ec.org/employment-fact-citations/\"> 52 percent chance\u003c/a> of returning to prison. Those who do find work have a better chance of staying out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out, it’s kind of hard having to ask people for a second chance,” said Joel McCarter, who was released from San Quentin State Prison in 2017. While serving time there, he enrolled in one of the many rehabilitation and transitional programs at the state prison — Quentin Cooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 12-week culinary class teaches inmates kitchen and cooking skills. It also helps them get certified to work in the food service industry, so they can apply for jobs and work when they get out of prison. The program has held five 12-week sessions since it was started in 2016 by baker Helaine “Lainy” Melnitzer and Lisa Dombroski, who is a former chef. The two noticed a worker shortage in the Bay Area food industry, and thought a culinary training class for inmates could help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11750631\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11750631\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Kerry-Rudd-Center-and-Aaron-Tillis-Left-prepare-and-cook-shrimp-for-the-fifth-graduation-dinner-of-the-Quentin-Cooks-Culinary-program-on-May-22-2019-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Kerry Rudd (center) and Aaron Tillis (right) prepare and cook shrimp for the fifth graduation dinner of the Quentin Cooks program on May 22, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kerry Rudd (center) and Aaron Tillis (right) prepare and cook shrimp for the fifth graduation dinner of the Quentin Cooks program on May 22, 2019.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We need employment and people won’t judge them for their past and their tattoos,” said Melnitzer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After going through the course, McCarter landed a job at Smoke Berkeley, a barbecue joint in the East Bay. He visited inmates at San Quentin recently during one of the program’s graduating dinner sessions to tell others about how he’s been able to transition with the program’s help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11752133\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11752133\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Joel McCarter, a graduate of the Quentin Cooks program at San Quentin State Prison, now works at Smoke Berkeley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/smoke_san-quentin_quentin-cooks_joel-mccarter_door.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joel McCarter, a graduate of the Quentin Cooks program at San Quentin State Prison, now works at Smoke Berkeley. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We don’t care about your past. As long as you’re able and willing to come to work, there’s a job for you,” he said. “They give everybody hope and let them know that we don’t have to go back to our crazy ways. There are other opportunities out there for us now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are challenges that rehabilitation and transitional programs can’t prepare you for; that is, the shock of being released into a Bay Area that looks and feels very different from the one you left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every other block was a tent city, and that was mind blowing,” McCarter said about being back in Oakland after prison. “I have never thought I would see that in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restaurant employers in the Bay Area are struggling to keep talent around because of the high cost of housing. More and more, people who work in the food service industry are\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/technology/businessinsider/article/san-francisco-so-expensive-housing-waiters-food-13461447.php\"> finding it difficult to live near their jobs.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The building that houses Smoke Berkeley, where McCarter works, has since been sold. The restaurant’s owner says they have until July 31 to leave the property, and what will happen of McCarter’s job is now unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11750622\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11750622 size-medium\" style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent;color: #767676\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Alvis Taylor shows off his ServSafe Food Handler's Certificate which comes in his diploma for graduation from the Quentin Cooks culinary program at San Quentin State Prison on May 22, 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/SQ_Alvis-Taylor-shows-off-his-ServSafe-Food-Handlers-Certificate-which-comes-in-his-diploma-for-graduation-from-the-Quentin-Cooks-culinary-program-at-San-Quentin-State-Prison-on-May-22-2019.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alvis Taylor shows off his ServSafe Food Handler’s Certificate which comes in his diploma for graduation from the Quentin Cooks culinary program at San Quentin State Prison on May 22, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read more about Quentin Cooks and see photos of the participants in Mary Franklin’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749747/san-quentin-cooking-class-serves-up-chance-for-better-future-after-release\">story\u003c/a>. Click the “listen” button above to hear this story in podcast form, or find \u003cem>The Bay\u003c/em> on your favorite podcast app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Subscribe to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">The Bay\u003c/a> to hear more local, Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">Spotify\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">Stitcher\u003c/a>, NPR One, or via \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">Alexa\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"components-Ad-___Ad__ad components-Ad-___Ad__ad__fullwidth\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv class=\"components-Ad-___Ad__ad_Wrapper\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "State Officials Investigating Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak at Stockton Prison",
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"content": "\u003cp>Officials from the California Department of Rehabilitation and Corrections are investigating the presence of deadly Legionnaires' disease bacteria at a Central Valley prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"california-prisons\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, one inmate at the California Health Care Facility in Stockton (CHCF) died of the disease — considered a severe form of pneumonia — and a second inmate tested positive for the bacteria but is now in stable condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials had thought the bacteria was isolated to one housing unit where the two inmates lived, but new testing this week found traces of it in the water supply at the site in addition to two neighboring youth correctional facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the preliminary test results, CDCR is discontinuing the use of potable water at the facilities, providing bottled water to staff and inmates, installing self-filtering showerheads and increasing education efforts on the bacteria, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://news.cdcr.ca.gov/news-releases/2019/04/18/california-department-of-corrections-and-rehabilitation-takes-further-steps-to-eliminate-legionella-from-stockton-facilities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> from the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials also revealed in their release that nearly 30 inmates at the Stockton prison have pneumonia. As of Thursday, 26 out of those 29 patients tested negative for Legionnaires' disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legionnaires' disease does not spread from person to person; it is contracted from the spread of Legionella bacteria through water vapor. The bacteria can grow in both potable and non-potable water systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disease is considered particularly dangerous for older people and those with underlying health issues, according to the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/about/facts/cdcfastfacts/legionnaires.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHCF houses some 2,600 inmates needing medical or mental care, many of whom are elderly and especially vulnerable to the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're talking about hundreds of people who are housed in what are rightly considered medical inpatient units, where the necessity for sanitation is of obvious importance,\" said Steven Fama, an attorney with the nonprofit Prison Law Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many cases, the medical care that inmates receive at CHCF is a matter of life and death, according to Fama who stressed that it will be incumbent upon corrections officials to make sure that care continues to be provided as they work to mitigate the bacteria's presence at the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, nearly 80 inmates were sickened during a Legionnaires' outbreak at San Quentin State Prison. Fama — who inspected the conditions within San Quentin at the time — said CHCF is an entirely different situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whereas at San Quentin the medical staff could appropriately shift almost all its attention to surveillance and treatment, at Stockton the focus has to be broader because there are many people with complex medical situations who need ongoing care,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fama said he visited CHCF on Friday to \"see and hear firsthand\" how corrections officials are responding to the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to CDCR, visitors will still be allowed to enter the Stockton facility as officials continue to investigate the bacteria's presence. Notices will be posted at entrances and information provided to visitors about the disease, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Correctional Health Care Services, California Department of Public Health and San Joaquin County Public Health are all assisting CDCR in their investigation at CHCF and the neighboring youth facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, one inmate at the California Health Care Facility in Stockton (CHCF) died of the disease — considered a severe form of pneumonia — and a second inmate tested positive for the bacteria but is now in stable condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials had thought the bacteria was isolated to one housing unit where the two inmates lived, but new testing this week found traces of it in the water supply at the site in addition to two neighboring youth correctional facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the preliminary test results, CDCR is discontinuing the use of potable water at the facilities, providing bottled water to staff and inmates, installing self-filtering showerheads and increasing education efforts on the bacteria, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://news.cdcr.ca.gov/news-releases/2019/04/18/california-department-of-corrections-and-rehabilitation-takes-further-steps-to-eliminate-legionella-from-stockton-facilities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> from the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials also revealed in their release that nearly 30 inmates at the Stockton prison have pneumonia. As of Thursday, 26 out of those 29 patients tested negative for Legionnaires' disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legionnaires' disease does not spread from person to person; it is contracted from the spread of Legionella bacteria through water vapor. The bacteria can grow in both potable and non-potable water systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disease is considered particularly dangerous for older people and those with underlying health issues, according to the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/about/facts/cdcfastfacts/legionnaires.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHCF houses some 2,600 inmates needing medical or mental care, many of whom are elderly and especially vulnerable to the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're talking about hundreds of people who are housed in what are rightly considered medical inpatient units, where the necessity for sanitation is of obvious importance,\" said Steven Fama, an attorney with the nonprofit Prison Law Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many cases, the medical care that inmates receive at CHCF is a matter of life and death, according to Fama who stressed that it will be incumbent upon corrections officials to make sure that care continues to be provided as they work to mitigate the bacteria's presence at the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, nearly 80 inmates were sickened during a Legionnaires' outbreak at San Quentin State Prison. Fama — who inspected the conditions within San Quentin at the time — said CHCF is an entirely different situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
},
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
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