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"content": "\u003cp>Maggots and mice have fallen onto inmates' dining tables at a California state prison where holes in the roof also allow rain and bird droppings to seep through and streak the walls, according to an inmate lawsuit that charges the state isn't moving fast enough to repair deteriorating prisons. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has committed $260 million over four years to repair leaking roofs and clear dangerous mold at more than two dozen deteriorating prisons where the cost of overdue maintenance is pegged at more than $1 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit calls for swifter action and includes examples of the problems in stomach-churning detail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mice twice fell onto the dining table and scurried into a dishwashing area in April 2018, testified inmate Marvin Dominguez, who eats twice a day in the dining hall at the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison in Corcoran. Then a squirmy maggot dropped onto his food tray in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A guard advised him to sit at a different table, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disclosure comes amid increased scrutiny over prison conditions nationally. Other reports include a lack of heat in February in federal detention centers in the New York borough of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/04/691260314/power-restored-to-brooklyn-jail-where-inmates-went-a-week-without-heat\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Brooklyn\u003c/a> and near Los Angeles, and poor medical care and dangerous conditions at federal immigration facilities.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nInmate Robert Escareno, who filed the California lawsuit, described in court how bird feces paint the dining room wall. He claims the mold and other contaminants aggravate his allergies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials don't deny the problem but say they're fixing the roofs as fast as they can. They blame inmates for attracting vermin by tossing food and hiding liquor they make known as \"pruno\" in the damaged ceiling.[aside tag=\"police-records\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Police-Art_1-1.gif\" heroLink=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/police-records\" target=\"_blank\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmates' attorneys say the Corcoran prison targeted in the lawsuit is a symptom of a system-wide problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Roofs are failing all over the place,\" said Don Specter, director of the nonprofit Prison Law Office, which is representing Escareno. \"They acknowledge the need of the roofs, (but) they're not making arrangements so people don't get hurt in the meantime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides spawning mold, leaking roofs short out electrical systems, including lights, fire alarm control panels and fire suppression systems, corrections officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roofs at eight of California's 34 prisons have been replaced, but another 20 still need to be done. Gov. Gavin Newsom's budget includes replacing roofs at two prisons, leaving 18 needing roof replacements and repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's taken nearly two years just to design the Corcoran prison's new dining room roof, and prison officials could not say when construction will begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That led Kings County Superior Court Judge Donna Tarter to half-joke during trial that the roof \"is not getting fixed probably in our lifetime.\" She expects to decide by May whether to order the prison to close the dining hall and feed about 800 inmates in their dormitories, a stop-gap measure that officials said would cause considerable practical complications while interfering with prison programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The broader problem of leaking roofs could imperil California's efforts to keep the inmate population below a cap imposed by federal judges to improve prison conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections Secretary Ralph Diaz told legislators in March that one leaky roof could create problems if inmates have to be moved from cell houses. The state is about 3,300 inmates below the cap but expects to reduce that margin considerably when it returns 1,400 inmates from a private out-of-state prison by June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The cushion isn't as robust as we would like,\" Diaz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem at Corcoran is that leaking rainwater has destroyed interior ceiling tiles so often that the prison no longer replaces them, prison Lt. Michael Owens testified on behalf of the state. Inmates then toss food onto the ventilation system through the openings in the ceiling, he said, which in turn attracts flies that produce maggots that fall from the ceiling. He also recounted how he ordered inmate workers to regularly scrub the discolored walls with bleach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associate Warden Jason Collins and prison Lt. Nicholas Tyler blamed \"pruno\" — an illicit alcoholic beverage fermented from leftover fruit with a little bread to provide the yeast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmate workers likely climbed atop kitchen carts to hide 10 to 15 pounds of the sticky stuff atop a ventilation duct in the deteriorating ceiling area in November, said Tyler. Collins said he discovered another batch of hidden hooch in February, where it was attracting flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dining hall roof also attracts pigeons — lots of them. There they poop, and some birds die, their waste washing into the building whenever it rains, testified licensed architect, engineer and building contractor Steven Norris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We all know that prison is not supposed to be comfortable,\" inmate Escareno told the judge, \"but at the same time it's not designed for me to have to go and eat in a place where I'm feet away from what I know to be bird feces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Maggots and mice have fallen onto inmates' dining tables at a California state prison where holes in the roof also allow rain and bird droppings to seep through and streak the walls, according to an inmate lawsuit that charges the state isn't moving fast enough to repair deteriorating prisons. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has committed $260 million over four years to repair leaking roofs and clear dangerous mold at more than two dozen deteriorating prisons where the cost of overdue maintenance is pegged at more than $1 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit calls for swifter action and includes examples of the problems in stomach-churning detail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mice twice fell onto the dining table and scurried into a dishwashing area in April 2018, testified inmate Marvin Dominguez, who eats twice a day in the dining hall at the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison in Corcoran. Then a squirmy maggot dropped onto his food tray in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A guard advised him to sit at a different table, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disclosure comes amid increased scrutiny over prison conditions nationally. Other reports include a lack of heat in February in federal detention centers in the New York borough of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/04/691260314/power-restored-to-brooklyn-jail-where-inmates-went-a-week-without-heat\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Brooklyn\u003c/a> and near Los Angeles, and poor medical care and dangerous conditions at federal immigration facilities.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nInmate Robert Escareno, who filed the California lawsuit, described in court how bird feces paint the dining room wall. He claims the mold and other contaminants aggravate his allergies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials don't deny the problem but say they're fixing the roofs as fast as they can. They blame inmates for attracting vermin by tossing food and hiding liquor they make known as \"pruno\" in the damaged ceiling.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmates' attorneys say the Corcoran prison targeted in the lawsuit is a symptom of a system-wide problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Roofs are failing all over the place,\" said Don Specter, director of the nonprofit Prison Law Office, which is representing Escareno. \"They acknowledge the need of the roofs, (but) they're not making arrangements so people don't get hurt in the meantime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides spawning mold, leaking roofs short out electrical systems, including lights, fire alarm control panels and fire suppression systems, corrections officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roofs at eight of California's 34 prisons have been replaced, but another 20 still need to be done. Gov. Gavin Newsom's budget includes replacing roofs at two prisons, leaving 18 needing roof replacements and repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's taken nearly two years just to design the Corcoran prison's new dining room roof, and prison officials could not say when construction will begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That led Kings County Superior Court Judge Donna Tarter to half-joke during trial that the roof \"is not getting fixed probably in our lifetime.\" She expects to decide by May whether to order the prison to close the dining hall and feed about 800 inmates in their dormitories, a stop-gap measure that officials said would cause considerable practical complications while interfering with prison programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The broader problem of leaking roofs could imperil California's efforts to keep the inmate population below a cap imposed by federal judges to improve prison conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections Secretary Ralph Diaz told legislators in March that one leaky roof could create problems if inmates have to be moved from cell houses. The state is about 3,300 inmates below the cap but expects to reduce that margin considerably when it returns 1,400 inmates from a private out-of-state prison by June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The cushion isn't as robust as we would like,\" Diaz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem at Corcoran is that leaking rainwater has destroyed interior ceiling tiles so often that the prison no longer replaces them, prison Lt. Michael Owens testified on behalf of the state. Inmates then toss food onto the ventilation system through the openings in the ceiling, he said, which in turn attracts flies that produce maggots that fall from the ceiling. He also recounted how he ordered inmate workers to regularly scrub the discolored walls with bleach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associate Warden Jason Collins and prison Lt. Nicholas Tyler blamed \"pruno\" — an illicit alcoholic beverage fermented from leftover fruit with a little bread to provide the yeast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmate workers likely climbed atop kitchen carts to hide 10 to 15 pounds of the sticky stuff atop a ventilation duct in the deteriorating ceiling area in November, said Tyler. Collins said he discovered another batch of hidden hooch in February, where it was attracting flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dining hall roof also attracts pigeons — lots of them. There they poop, and some birds die, their waste washing into the building whenever it rains, testified licensed architect, engineer and building contractor Steven Norris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We all know that prison is not supposed to be comfortable,\" inmate Escareno told the judge, \"but at the same time it's not designed for me to have to go and eat in a place where I'm feet away from what I know to be bird feces.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "All Too Often, California’s Default Mental Institutions Are Now Jails and Prisons",
"title": "All Too Often, California’s Default Mental Institutions Are Now Jails and Prisons",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]J[/dropcap]effrey Jurgens stood in a cage in an orange jumpsuit, screaming that he was Jesus Christ. From her seat in the Sacramento courtroom, his mother watched through tears. Joanna Jurgens knew how important it was for the district attorney prosecuting Jeffrey for stealing a car—and the judge deciding his fate—to see the extent of her son’s illness. But it was torture to watch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, she had begged judges to steer Jeffrey, who has schizoaffective disorder, into long-term treatment. She worried he would get hurt. She feared he could hurt someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna, 56, knew Jeffrey, who was 22 at the time of that 2014 hearing, did not belong behind bars. But after struggling to stabilize him through treatment in the community, she’d become convinced the criminal justice system was her last hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, the main path to treatment at a state psychiatric hospital is through jail. However controversial those state hospitals may be, many families conclude they are the best option for their loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a sad state of affairs in our society, that only when you get locked up does it become a priority to get you treatment,” said Los Angeles District Attorney Jackie Lacey, who said she’s heard many parents describe similar feelings of desperation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps nowhere is California’s mental health crisis more evident than in its criminal justice system. After decades of failure to create and fund policies that effectively help people with serious mental illnesses, many now say the jails and prisons have become the state’s default mental institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Stanford-Report-FINAL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Close to a third of California’s inmates\u003c/a> have a documented serious mental illness, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to end up with an incarceration system that’s mainly dealing with people that have serious mental health problems,” said Democratic Sen. Jim Beall of San Jose. “It’s our own fault, in a way, for not having a good mental health system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1-.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11723765\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--800x750.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--800x750.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--160x150.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--1020x956.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--1200x1124.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--1920x1799.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past five years, the number of people in California who were deemed incompetent to stand trial after arrest—and ordered sent to state hospitals for treatment—increased by 60 percent, state figures show. Judges make such referrals when doctors determine that defendants are unable to understand legal proceedings or cooperate with their attorneys—the goal generally being that they get stabilized and then return to stand trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often this leaves people who need mental health treatment stuck in county jails. Inmates in Jeffrey’s condition can wait in limbo for months, or even years, before being sent to a state hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, an average of 343 inmates with mental illness were awaiting placement. Last year, that number shot up to 819.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increasing number of people deemed incompetent to stand trial may also reflect changing attitudes among public defenders, who now see questioning someone’s competency as an avenue to a more therapeutic environment, said David Meyer, professor with the USC Institute of Psychiatry, Law, and Behavioral Science. Forty years ago, “we would never, ever refer somebody for incompetency proceedings if we could in any way get away with it,” he said. “People would be incarcerated for mental health treatment at a state hospital for a longer time than they would serve if they simply pled guilty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/629df325-41a8-4d8c-8ec9-02ce2bc573d9?src=embed\" title=\"Criminal referrals swamp state mental hospitals grouped graphics\" width=\"800\" height=\"900\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One major reason for the growing waitlist is that, while the number of state hospital beds has increased, it has not kept pace with the need. State hospitals now have more than 6,200 beds—a significant portion of which are reserved for other needs. In recent years, the state has added about 700 hospital and “jail-based competency restoration” beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few decades ago, fewer than half of state hospital patients came from the criminal justice system. Today \u003ca href=\"http://www.dsh.ca.gov/Publications/docs/ADA2017AnnualRept.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 90 percent\u003c/a> of them do—with more than a fifth of those individuals found incompetent to stand trial. The next largest group were tried and found not guilty by reason of insanity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have hundreds of people sitting in our (community) hospitals right now who could benefit from a long-term stay at a state hospital, but we can’t get them in there,” said Sheree Lowe, vice president of behavioral health for the California Hospital Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, many experts believe state hospital stays are so restrictive and expensive that solutions to the crisis must be found elsewhere. The broader issue is that society is “letting people get so sick” they end up in jails and emergency rooms, Lowe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Mathis, director of policy and legal advocacy at the Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, describes state hospitals as “kind of like living in prison.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not really a life on a long-term basis,” she said, but added that many families have gone so long without good community mental health services for their loved ones they see no other real option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State data show that 47 percent of the inmates who were found incompetent to stand trial last year had no Medi-Cal mental health services during the six months before they landed in jail. Almost half were unsheltered; in many cases, the charges they faced were directly related to their homelessness and untreated psychosis, according to the Department of State Hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not that the system didn’t know them, though. In Napa State Hospital, state data show, nearly half of the people who were incompetent to stand trial had been arrested 15 or more times before they were deemed incompetent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>____\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]J[/dropcap]oanna Jurgens’ memories of Jeffrey’s childhood—soccer games and fishing trips and visits to the snow—have been obscured by the shadow of his illness. As a little boy, he acted out so much it was hard to keep him in preschool. By middle school, she was receiving daily calls from the principal’s office. Freshman year in high school, he started getting into fights and brought a knife to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11723762\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 360px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11723762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-1.png 360w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-1-160x284.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeffrey Jurgens at age 5.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unable to control his behavior, Joanna—who operates a clinic for UC Davis Medical Center—and her ex-husband prevailed upon the school district to send their son to a locked residential program in Utah. The structure appeared to help. But after nine months, she said, he returned home, and the same behaviors resurfaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That Thanksgiving, when Jeffrey was 17, his mother drove him to his grandmother’s house in Tahoe. He couldn’t stop obsessing about a white car he thought was trailing them, which he insisted carried either government agents or the CIA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna took him to psychiatrist after psychiatrist. They put him on mood stabilizers and, eventually, anti-psychotics. He continued to spiral. Marijuana made the symptoms worse. He stole Joanna’s car again and again. Then, at 19, Jeffrey stole a friend’s parents’ car. They pressed charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He needs help and I don’t know what to do,” Joanna remembers telling an El Dorado County judge around 2010. “We’re waiting for a disaster to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge was sympathetic, but told Joanna his hands were tied. He sent Jeffrey to jail for 90 days. After he got out, Jeffrey was on and off the streets, lost in a haze of street drugs and psychosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over and over, he’d land in psychiatric hospitals. But each time he’d stabilize after a few weeks and his insurance provider would insist he be discharged, Joanna said. Joanna was certain her son needed longer-term inpatient treatment. She begged doctors to put him under a conservatorship, allowing a legal guardian to make decisions on his behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A doctor who saw him at Sierra Vista Hospital in Sacramento agreed with her, Joanna said. Jeffrey spent six weeks there while the doctor pushed for him to be conserved. The county refused—Joanna remembers being told that Jeffrey needed to fail out of community treatment once more to be eligible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Lazark, who at the time worked on the Sacramento Police Department’s mobile crisis unit, remembered the first time she came upon the disheveled-looking young man wearing tattered clothes and no shoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are you a new guy?” she asked. Jeffrey told her his name. Lazark asked if she could call his mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11723761\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2-.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11723761\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1303\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2-.jpg 4820w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--800x543.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--1020x692.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--1200x814.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--1920x1303.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michelle Lazark, a Sacramento police officer who works in the Mental Health Unit, put Jeffrey Jurgens back in touch with his mother. \u003ccite>(Randy Pench/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Oh my God,” Joanna said after she picked up the phone. “Where did you find him?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, Lazark would often help Joanna search for Jeffrey. Sometimes he was relatively lucid, and she’d share her sandwich with him and chat. Other times she took him to the hospital. If he was self-medicating with meth, she’d take him to jail for a few hours to sober up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You want to protect them and you want to take them to a safe place where they can detox,” Lazark said. “If that was jail, then that’s what I would do every time. It’s not criminalizing it, it’s keeping them safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not all interactions with law enforcement went well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, two CHP officers saw him driving a stolen car the wrong way down a one-way street in Sacramento. After a high-speed chase, he came to a stop. A lawsuit filed by the family in federal court said that although he was unarmed and had raised his hands, officers began kicking and beating him with their batons, leaving him with a broken hand and a traumatic brain injury—and then high-fived each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an in-car camera video of the incident came out, the district attorney dropped charges against Jeffrey. Last spring, Jeffrey received \u003ca href=\"https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Jurgens-CHP-SETTLEMENT.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a $1 million settlement\u003c/a>. (The officers involved all remain employed by the CHP).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day he was discharged from jail, Jeffrey disappeared back into homelessness, said his attorney, Beau Weiner. Months later, on Dec. 5, 2013, he stole a car from valet parking in downtown Sacramento and was peacefully apprehended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twice a week, his mother visited him in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see you in here a lot,” she remembers a security officer telling her one day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I visit my son,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He probably doesn’t deserve it,” the officer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna Jurgens looked at him sadly. Why bother trying to explain?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t know the whole situation,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]B[/dropcap]ecause their mental illness leaves them so vulnerable, inmates in that condition are often kept in solitary confinement for their own protection. But extended stays in solitary exacerbate their mental illnesses, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You put a bird in a cage, you got to let him out sometime, or he’ll die,” says Samuel Mays, whose adult son, Lorenzo, has been in Sacramento County Jail for eight years waiting to be declared competent. Lorenzo Mays, who has cognitive delays as well as mental illness, is the lead plaintiff in a class action complaint being brought by Disability Rights California against Sacramento County. The complaint cites overcrowding, understaffing and “dangerous, inhumane and degrading conditions,” including use of extended solitary confinement on inmates with serious mental illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s suffering,” Samuel Mays said of his son. “You can only take so much of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/dc3a4f7c-1557-4c9e-a357-cd680f620e49?src=embed\" title=\"mental illness\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Douglas Clark, who landed in jail on an attempted burglary charge in 2009, picked up a new charge in prison after throwing feces at a correctional officer. Clark, who has schizophrenia and hears spirits talking to him, was found incompetent to stand trial, said his mother Tammy Clark. He was sent to regain competency at the state hospital. He returned to jail to be tried, she said, but went off his medication, or had it changed, and then became mentally unstable again. That cycle keeps repeating, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tries not to seem upset when she talks to him—she wants to be “a light” in his dark world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sometimes he can tell she’s been crying. “It’s so disheartening,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]E[/dropcap]ven as the population of inmates with mental illness burgeons, some advocates see the beginning signs of hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Beall, who himself has a family member with schizoaffective disorder, said the administrations of former governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown rebuffed policy proposals meant to make comprehensive mental health services available in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But last year, Brown signed a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1810\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">provision\u003c/a> to allow courts to divert certain offenders with mental illness into community-based inpatient or outpatient treatment programs, and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1187\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">another\u003c/a> to reduce the maximum wait time for an inmate to become competent to stand trial—from three years to two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11723760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11723760\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1302\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3.jpg 4786w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-800x543.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-1020x692.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-1200x814.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-1920x1302.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joanna Jurgens reflects on her son Jeffrey, who has struggled with mental illness and is now living at Atascadero State Hospital after stealing a car. \u003ccite>(Randy Pench/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last month, Gov. Gavin Newsom proposed a state budget that includes tens of millions of dollars for mental health programs, including training law enforcement officers on crisis de-escalation. The budget would also provide one-time grants to treat young people experiencing early psychosis and $100 million for “whole person care” programs that seek to address the housing, health, mental health and substance abuse needs of people experiencing homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Stephen Manley started one of the nation’s first mental health courts in Santa Clara County more than 20 years ago. In these courts, public defenders, prosecutors, judges and social service providers work together to connect people with mental illness who have been arrested for certain crimes with services and treatment, with a goal of keeping them out of jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone wants to tell me, ‘It’s so complex, we can’t solve it.’” Manley said. “And I say, ‘No, you can. Get together and figure out what you can do.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, the model has expanded to counties around California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon in Department 8 in the downtown Sacramento courthouse, Judge Lawrence Brown called up the mental health court participants one by one. He complimented a woman’s red hat, another man’s poncho. He ribbed those who had a lot of hair, contrasting it with his own balding pate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing alongside their public defenders, some participants beamed as he lauded their progress staying on medications and off drugs, getting jobs and doing their dishes. Others squirmed uncomfortably in the spotlight. One woman’s voice cracked as she described her troubled relationship with her mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that you’re taking all of these steps to take care of yourself, we’re behind you 1,000 percent,” the judge told her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, who has run the county’s mental health court since 2013 and has helped it to expand, says he’s been drawn to the work because of the “humanity of it all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keeping them in jail once they’re back on their medication is not a very compassionate approach,” he said. “They’re living a nightmare being behind bars. That setting of being in a cell, with loud noises, is not an opportune manner in which to address serious mental illness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, though, such courts still only serve a fraction of the ballooning need. Sex offenders, arson registrants, active gang members, those who have caused great bodily injury or death, and those arrested for driving under the influence are among those who are typically excluded. And many such courts aren’t designed to serve those who are incompetent to stand trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]J[/dropcap]effrey Jurgens doesn’t remember much about the months he waited in jail to get a bed at Atascadero State Hospital—one of the five state hospitals that house people with serious mental illness. Reached over the phone there, Jurgens, now 27, said at first only that being in jail “doesn’t feel too good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11723763\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1242px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11723763\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1242\" height=\"2208\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4.png 1242w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4-160x284.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4-800x1422.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4-1020x1813.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4-675x1200.png 675w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1242px) 100vw, 1242px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeffrey Jurgens at Atascadero State Hospital couple of years ago, surrounded by his parents.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After his mother prompted him, he recalled being periodically locked in solitary confinement at the Sacramento County Jail after he was arrested in December 2013, alone with the voices, emerging—in her memory—for just an hour every couple of days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a bummer,” he said quietly. “I was going a little stir crazy. I didn’t know what to do, what to think. Nobody would help me while I was there. They just pushed me off because I wasn’t like everyone else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother figures it’s good he doesn’t remember more. Because she does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She remembers the day he called her, panicked, after his heavyset new cellmate kept trying to give him bear hugs. She remembers him whispering into the phone: “I’m really scared.” With Lazark’s help, she got him moved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna also remembers the night Jeffrey called her, agitated and delusional. She was so terrified of what he might do to himself or someone else that she raced to the jail and refused to leave until she spoke to a sergeant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Jeffrey was arrested for stealing the car from the valet, weeks passed before he appeared before the judge, screaming that he was Jesus. In February 2014, he was admitted to a state hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of August, after six months of receiving treatment and preparing for a court appearance, he was found competent enough to have a trial. Months later, in May 2015, he was found not guilty by reason of insanity. He returned to Atascadero State Hospital that June. Someday he hopes he’ll be well enough to get out, so he can spend time with his family and get a job at a grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna wishes her son had received intensive treatment earlier.\u003cbr>\nIt troubles her to think about all the other inmates like him, stuck behind bars with no one to speak up for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to fight,” she said. “If somebody doesn’t have someone to advocate for them, they don’t stand a chance. They don’t stand a chance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the first of a series exploring the challenges Californians face in the pursuit of mental health care.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jocelyn Wiener is a contributing writer to CALmatters. This story was supported by a grant from the California Health Care Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CALmatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In the past five years, the number of people in California who were deemed incompetent to stand trial—and ordered sent to state hospitals—increased by 60 percent.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/jocelyn-wiener/\">Jocelyn Wiener\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/jocelyn-wiener/\">CALmatters\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">J\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>effrey Jurgens stood in a cage in an orange jumpsuit, screaming that he was Jesus Christ. From her seat in the Sacramento courtroom, his mother watched through tears. Joanna Jurgens knew how important it was for the district attorney prosecuting Jeffrey for stealing a car—and the judge deciding his fate—to see the extent of her son’s illness. But it was torture to watch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, she had begged judges to steer Jeffrey, who has schizoaffective disorder, into long-term treatment. She worried he would get hurt. She feared he could hurt someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna, 56, knew Jeffrey, who was 22 at the time of that 2014 hearing, did not belong behind bars. But after struggling to stabilize him through treatment in the community, she’d become convinced the criminal justice system was her last hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, the main path to treatment at a state psychiatric hospital is through jail. However controversial those state hospitals may be, many families conclude they are the best option for their loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a sad state of affairs in our society, that only when you get locked up does it become a priority to get you treatment,” said Los Angeles District Attorney Jackie Lacey, who said she’s heard many parents describe similar feelings of desperation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps nowhere is California’s mental health crisis more evident than in its criminal justice system. After decades of failure to create and fund policies that effectively help people with serious mental illnesses, many now say the jails and prisons have become the state’s default mental institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Stanford-Report-FINAL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Close to a third of California’s inmates\u003c/a> have a documented serious mental illness, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to end up with an incarceration system that’s mainly dealing with people that have serious mental health problems,” said Democratic Sen. Jim Beall of San Jose. “It’s our own fault, in a way, for not having a good mental health system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1-.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11723765\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--800x750.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--800x750.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--160x150.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--1020x956.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--1200x1124.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Graphic-1--1920x1799.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past five years, the number of people in California who were deemed incompetent to stand trial after arrest—and ordered sent to state hospitals for treatment—increased by 60 percent, state figures show. Judges make such referrals when doctors determine that defendants are unable to understand legal proceedings or cooperate with their attorneys—the goal generally being that they get stabilized and then return to stand trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often this leaves people who need mental health treatment stuck in county jails. Inmates in Jeffrey’s condition can wait in limbo for months, or even years, before being sent to a state hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, an average of 343 inmates with mental illness were awaiting placement. Last year, that number shot up to 819.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increasing number of people deemed incompetent to stand trial may also reflect changing attitudes among public defenders, who now see questioning someone’s competency as an avenue to a more therapeutic environment, said David Meyer, professor with the USC Institute of Psychiatry, Law, and Behavioral Science. Forty years ago, “we would never, ever refer somebody for incompetency proceedings if we could in any way get away with it,” he said. “People would be incarcerated for mental health treatment at a state hospital for a longer time than they would serve if they simply pled guilty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/629df325-41a8-4d8c-8ec9-02ce2bc573d9?src=embed\" title=\"Criminal referrals swamp state mental hospitals grouped graphics\" width=\"800\" height=\"900\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One major reason for the growing waitlist is that, while the number of state hospital beds has increased, it has not kept pace with the need. State hospitals now have more than 6,200 beds—a significant portion of which are reserved for other needs. In recent years, the state has added about 700 hospital and “jail-based competency restoration” beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few decades ago, fewer than half of state hospital patients came from the criminal justice system. Today \u003ca href=\"http://www.dsh.ca.gov/Publications/docs/ADA2017AnnualRept.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 90 percent\u003c/a> of them do—with more than a fifth of those individuals found incompetent to stand trial. The next largest group were tried and found not guilty by reason of insanity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have hundreds of people sitting in our (community) hospitals right now who could benefit from a long-term stay at a state hospital, but we can’t get them in there,” said Sheree Lowe, vice president of behavioral health for the California Hospital Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, many experts believe state hospital stays are so restrictive and expensive that solutions to the crisis must be found elsewhere. The broader issue is that society is “letting people get so sick” they end up in jails and emergency rooms, Lowe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Mathis, director of policy and legal advocacy at the Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, describes state hospitals as “kind of like living in prison.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not really a life on a long-term basis,” she said, but added that many families have gone so long without good community mental health services for their loved ones they see no other real option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State data show that 47 percent of the inmates who were found incompetent to stand trial last year had no Medi-Cal mental health services during the six months before they landed in jail. Almost half were unsheltered; in many cases, the charges they faced were directly related to their homelessness and untreated psychosis, according to the Department of State Hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not that the system didn’t know them, though. In Napa State Hospital, state data show, nearly half of the people who were incompetent to stand trial had been arrested 15 or more times before they were deemed incompetent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>____\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">J\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>oanna Jurgens’ memories of Jeffrey’s childhood—soccer games and fishing trips and visits to the snow—have been obscured by the shadow of his illness. As a little boy, he acted out so much it was hard to keep him in preschool. By middle school, she was receiving daily calls from the principal’s office. Freshman year in high school, he started getting into fights and brought a knife to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11723762\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 360px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11723762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-1.png 360w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-1-160x284.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeffrey Jurgens at age 5.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unable to control his behavior, Joanna—who operates a clinic for UC Davis Medical Center—and her ex-husband prevailed upon the school district to send their son to a locked residential program in Utah. The structure appeared to help. But after nine months, she said, he returned home, and the same behaviors resurfaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That Thanksgiving, when Jeffrey was 17, his mother drove him to his grandmother’s house in Tahoe. He couldn’t stop obsessing about a white car he thought was trailing them, which he insisted carried either government agents or the CIA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna took him to psychiatrist after psychiatrist. They put him on mood stabilizers and, eventually, anti-psychotics. He continued to spiral. Marijuana made the symptoms worse. He stole Joanna’s car again and again. Then, at 19, Jeffrey stole a friend’s parents’ car. They pressed charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He needs help and I don’t know what to do,” Joanna remembers telling an El Dorado County judge around 2010. “We’re waiting for a disaster to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge was sympathetic, but told Joanna his hands were tied. He sent Jeffrey to jail for 90 days. After he got out, Jeffrey was on and off the streets, lost in a haze of street drugs and psychosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over and over, he’d land in psychiatric hospitals. But each time he’d stabilize after a few weeks and his insurance provider would insist he be discharged, Joanna said. Joanna was certain her son needed longer-term inpatient treatment. She begged doctors to put him under a conservatorship, allowing a legal guardian to make decisions on his behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A doctor who saw him at Sierra Vista Hospital in Sacramento agreed with her, Joanna said. Jeffrey spent six weeks there while the doctor pushed for him to be conserved. The county refused—Joanna remembers being told that Jeffrey needed to fail out of community treatment once more to be eligible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Lazark, who at the time worked on the Sacramento Police Department’s mobile crisis unit, remembered the first time she came upon the disheveled-looking young man wearing tattered clothes and no shoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are you a new guy?” she asked. Jeffrey told her his name. Lazark asked if she could call his mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11723761\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2-.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11723761\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1303\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2-.jpg 4820w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--800x543.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--1020x692.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--1200x814.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-2--1920x1303.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michelle Lazark, a Sacramento police officer who works in the Mental Health Unit, put Jeffrey Jurgens back in touch with his mother. \u003ccite>(Randy Pench/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Oh my God,” Joanna said after she picked up the phone. “Where did you find him?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, Lazark would often help Joanna search for Jeffrey. Sometimes he was relatively lucid, and she’d share her sandwich with him and chat. Other times she took him to the hospital. If he was self-medicating with meth, she’d take him to jail for a few hours to sober up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You want to protect them and you want to take them to a safe place where they can detox,” Lazark said. “If that was jail, then that’s what I would do every time. It’s not criminalizing it, it’s keeping them safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not all interactions with law enforcement went well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, two CHP officers saw him driving a stolen car the wrong way down a one-way street in Sacramento. After a high-speed chase, he came to a stop. A lawsuit filed by the family in federal court said that although he was unarmed and had raised his hands, officers began kicking and beating him with their batons, leaving him with a broken hand and a traumatic brain injury—and then high-fived each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an in-car camera video of the incident came out, the district attorney dropped charges against Jeffrey. Last spring, Jeffrey received \u003ca href=\"https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Jurgens-CHP-SETTLEMENT.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a $1 million settlement\u003c/a>. (The officers involved all remain employed by the CHP).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day he was discharged from jail, Jeffrey disappeared back into homelessness, said his attorney, Beau Weiner. Months later, on Dec. 5, 2013, he stole a car from valet parking in downtown Sacramento and was peacefully apprehended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twice a week, his mother visited him in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see you in here a lot,” she remembers a security officer telling her one day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I visit my son,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He probably doesn’t deserve it,” the officer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna Jurgens looked at him sadly. Why bother trying to explain?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t know the whole situation,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">B\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ecause their mental illness leaves them so vulnerable, inmates in that condition are often kept in solitary confinement for their own protection. But extended stays in solitary exacerbate their mental illnesses, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You put a bird in a cage, you got to let him out sometime, or he’ll die,” says Samuel Mays, whose adult son, Lorenzo, has been in Sacramento County Jail for eight years waiting to be declared competent. Lorenzo Mays, who has cognitive delays as well as mental illness, is the lead plaintiff in a class action complaint being brought by Disability Rights California against Sacramento County. The complaint cites overcrowding, understaffing and “dangerous, inhumane and degrading conditions,” including use of extended solitary confinement on inmates with serious mental illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s suffering,” Samuel Mays said of his son. “You can only take so much of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/dc3a4f7c-1557-4c9e-a357-cd680f620e49?src=embed\" title=\"mental illness\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Douglas Clark, who landed in jail on an attempted burglary charge in 2009, picked up a new charge in prison after throwing feces at a correctional officer. Clark, who has schizophrenia and hears spirits talking to him, was found incompetent to stand trial, said his mother Tammy Clark. He was sent to regain competency at the state hospital. He returned to jail to be tried, she said, but went off his medication, or had it changed, and then became mentally unstable again. That cycle keeps repeating, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tries not to seem upset when she talks to him—she wants to be “a light” in his dark world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sometimes he can tell she’s been crying. “It’s so disheartening,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">E\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ven as the population of inmates with mental illness burgeons, some advocates see the beginning signs of hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Beall, who himself has a family member with schizoaffective disorder, said the administrations of former governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown rebuffed policy proposals meant to make comprehensive mental health services available in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But last year, Brown signed a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1810\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">provision\u003c/a> to allow courts to divert certain offenders with mental illness into community-based inpatient or outpatient treatment programs, and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1187\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">another\u003c/a> to reduce the maximum wait time for an inmate to become competent to stand trial—from three years to two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11723760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11723760\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1302\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3.jpg 4786w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-800x543.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-1020x692.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-1200x814.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-3-1920x1302.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joanna Jurgens reflects on her son Jeffrey, who has struggled with mental illness and is now living at Atascadero State Hospital after stealing a car. \u003ccite>(Randy Pench/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last month, Gov. Gavin Newsom proposed a state budget that includes tens of millions of dollars for mental health programs, including training law enforcement officers on crisis de-escalation. The budget would also provide one-time grants to treat young people experiencing early psychosis and $100 million for “whole person care” programs that seek to address the housing, health, mental health and substance abuse needs of people experiencing homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Stephen Manley started one of the nation’s first mental health courts in Santa Clara County more than 20 years ago. In these courts, public defenders, prosecutors, judges and social service providers work together to connect people with mental illness who have been arrested for certain crimes with services and treatment, with a goal of keeping them out of jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone wants to tell me, ‘It’s so complex, we can’t solve it.’” Manley said. “And I say, ‘No, you can. Get together and figure out what you can do.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, the model has expanded to counties around California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon in Department 8 in the downtown Sacramento courthouse, Judge Lawrence Brown called up the mental health court participants one by one. He complimented a woman’s red hat, another man’s poncho. He ribbed those who had a lot of hair, contrasting it with his own balding pate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing alongside their public defenders, some participants beamed as he lauded their progress staying on medications and off drugs, getting jobs and doing their dishes. Others squirmed uncomfortably in the spotlight. One woman’s voice cracked as she described her troubled relationship with her mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that you’re taking all of these steps to take care of yourself, we’re behind you 1,000 percent,” the judge told her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, who has run the county’s mental health court since 2013 and has helped it to expand, says he’s been drawn to the work because of the “humanity of it all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keeping them in jail once they’re back on their medication is not a very compassionate approach,” he said. “They’re living a nightmare being behind bars. That setting of being in a cell, with loud noises, is not an opportune manner in which to address serious mental illness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, though, such courts still only serve a fraction of the ballooning need. Sex offenders, arson registrants, active gang members, those who have caused great bodily injury or death, and those arrested for driving under the influence are among those who are typically excluded. And many such courts aren’t designed to serve those who are incompetent to stand trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">J\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>effrey Jurgens doesn’t remember much about the months he waited in jail to get a bed at Atascadero State Hospital—one of the five state hospitals that house people with serious mental illness. Reached over the phone there, Jurgens, now 27, said at first only that being in jail “doesn’t feel too good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11723763\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1242px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11723763\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1242\" height=\"2208\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4.png 1242w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4-160x284.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4-800x1422.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4-1020x1813.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Mental-health-part-1-Photo-4-675x1200.png 675w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1242px) 100vw, 1242px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeffrey Jurgens at Atascadero State Hospital couple of years ago, surrounded by his parents.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After his mother prompted him, he recalled being periodically locked in solitary confinement at the Sacramento County Jail after he was arrested in December 2013, alone with the voices, emerging—in her memory—for just an hour every couple of days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a bummer,” he said quietly. “I was going a little stir crazy. I didn’t know what to do, what to think. Nobody would help me while I was there. They just pushed me off because I wasn’t like everyone else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother figures it’s good he doesn’t remember more. Because she does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She remembers the day he called her, panicked, after his heavyset new cellmate kept trying to give him bear hugs. She remembers him whispering into the phone: “I’m really scared.” With Lazark’s help, she got him moved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna also remembers the night Jeffrey called her, agitated and delusional. She was so terrified of what he might do to himself or someone else that she raced to the jail and refused to leave until she spoke to a sergeant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Jeffrey was arrested for stealing the car from the valet, weeks passed before he appeared before the judge, screaming that he was Jesus. In February 2014, he was admitted to a state hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of August, after six months of receiving treatment and preparing for a court appearance, he was found competent enough to have a trial. Months later, in May 2015, he was found not guilty by reason of insanity. He returned to Atascadero State Hospital that June. Someday he hopes he’ll be well enough to get out, so he can spend time with his family and get a job at a grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna wishes her son had received intensive treatment earlier.\u003cbr>\nIt troubles her to think about all the other inmates like him, stuck behind bars with no one to speak up for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to fight,” she said. “If somebody doesn’t have someone to advocate for them, they don’t stand a chance. They don’t stand a chance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the first of a series exploring the challenges Californians face in the pursuit of mental health care.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jocelyn Wiener is a contributing writer to CALmatters. This story was supported by a grant from the California Health Care Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CALmatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>During his first stint as California governor 40 years ago, Jerry Brown appointed a slew of diverse — sometimes controversial — judges and signed a sentencing law that fundamentally changed how the state approached punishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, things weren’t so different during Brown’s second go-around in the governor’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/guvtransition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Brown Out, Newsom In\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/guvtransition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2018/12/20/JerryBrownMain.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the Jerry Brown era winds down and California prepares for the governorship of Gavin Newsom, KQED is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/guvtransition\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">looking back\u003c/a> at Gov. Brown’s legacy and ahead to the challenges and opportunities facing Gov.-elect Newsom.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Over the past eight years, Brown oversaw a dramatic shift in how California approaches criminal justice, including authoring a law that upended how the state treats nonviolent offenders and writing a ballot measure that rolled back the “lock ’em up” sentencing philosophy he championed in 1976. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, the governor appointed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714131/browns-longest-lasting-legacy-judges\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">more than 600 judges\u003c/a>, including four to the state’s high court who represent not just more women and people of color, but also a much broader set of career experiences and philosophical backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he’s gone much further than he did in the 1970s and 1980s: Over his final two terms, Brown issued 1,189 pardons and 152 commutations — dwarfing any of his predecessors and his own previous record, when he issued 404 pardons and just one commutation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also vetoed dozens of bills that would have created new crimes and signed numerous sentencing reforms that give offenders chances at shorter sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brown’s Evolution on Criminal Justice\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, Brown’s evolution tracks with that of California voters, who have embraced even further-reaching criminal justice reforms than the governor initially wanted. Both Brown and the electorate were encouraged down that path by a landmark legal case that resulted in the U.S. Supreme Court ordering the state to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2011/05/23/136579580/california-is-ordered-to-cut-its-prison-population\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">reduce its prison population\u003c/a> by tens of thousands of inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the state has about 34,000 fewer people in state prisons than it did when Brown was sworn into the governor’s office in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gov. Brown has presided over a legacy of criminal justice reform that is really unmatched across the country,” said Stanford University’s Michael Romano, who runs the university’s Three Strikes Project and helped write two of the recent criminal justice ballot initiatives that Brown was not involved in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole United States prison population has come down over the past 10 years, and all of that reduction is a result of the reductions that we’ve seen in California. And at the same time, the crime rates in California from when these reforms started to kick in, in 2011, to today are down,” Romano said. “So we’ve been able to reduce our prison population, significantly reduce the amount of injustice in the system, and improve public safety. And Gov. Brown has presided over that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714131/browns-longest-lasting-legacy-judges\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Brown’s Longest-Lasting Legacy: Judges\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714131/browns-longest-lasting-legacy-judges\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS4469_106397071-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The governor’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714131/browns-longest-lasting-legacy-judges\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">judicial appointments\u003c/a> will leave a lasting imprint on the state, breaking the mold with candidates from diverse professional and personal backgrounds.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Romano credited Brown for his creative approach to the problem, saying the governor — the only person to ever lead California for four terms — understands the power of that office and what he called “the administrative state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted that both of the sweeping laws that Brown authored — Assembly Bill 109, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11107949/realignment-5-years-on-counties-build-jails-for-inmates-with-mental-illness\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">known as realignment\u003c/a>, and Proposition 57, which made broad changes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11114572/jerry-brown-pushes-earlier-release-of-felons-under-proposition-57\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">parole rules\u003c/a> — did not rely on simply reducing criminal sentences or throwing the doors of prisons and jails open indiscriminately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has not reduced a single sentence” with the changes in law, Romano said, “but he has shifted the responsibility and the incentives within the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Proposition 57, which voters approved in 2016, that meant giving prison officials more flexibility to reward prisoners who have participated in rehabilitative programs with shorter sentences. Under AB 109, it meant redirecting most nonviolent offenders to county jails instead of state prisons to serve their sentences, giving counties more incentives to rehabilitate offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown pushed both measures not only because he came to believe that many of the “tough on crime” laws of the 1980s and 1990s were a mistake, but because he had to. In the first months of his second administration, the U.S. Supreme Court issued that order, telling California its overcrowded prisons were unconstitutional because inmates were being denied medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the changes championed by the governor haven’t been without critics, Romano believes Brown’s approach was brilliant because it avoided the political pitfalls of releasing inmates early, and marshaled forces Brown had at his disposal within state government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This type of administrative reform has proven in some ways to be more effective than any other type of criminal justice reform and mass incarceration reform that we typically talk about,” Romano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Too Much Change Too Quickly’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, not everyone is on board. Law enforcement groups opposed most of the major sentencing reforms that have been adopted in recent years, and continue to blame those changes for the increase in property crimes that some communities have experienced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan Hill Police Chief David Swing is president of the California Police Chiefs Association. He said there’s been a “sea change” in how the state approaches criminal justice under Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714250/governor-jerry-brown-on-leaving-office-leftover-campaign-cash-lessons-from-his-mother-and-car-shopping\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LISTEN: Gov. Brown Exit Interview with ‘Political Breakdown’\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714250/governor-jerry-brown-on-leaving-office-leftover-campaign-cash-lessons-from-his-mother-and-car-shopping\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/JB-Politcal-Breakdown-1180x886.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gov. Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714250/governor-jerry-brown-on-leaving-office-leftover-campaign-cash-lessons-from-his-mother-and-car-shopping\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">sat down\u003c/a> with KQED politics reporter Marisa Lagos and editor Scott Shafer at the governor’s mansion in Sacramento to talk about life after office, his plans for his unspent campaign cash, what Democrats need in 2020, challenges for Gov.-elect Gavin Newsom and the influence of his mother.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“And we would say that it’s been too much change too quickly,” he said. “When you have that much change all at once, there isn’t an opportunity to really evaluate the efficacy of those programs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swing is right. The state has not made an effort to track the effects of many of the changes, instead relying on outside groups like universities and think tanks to draw their own conclusions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes the reforms have come at a cost but — in a sign of how far the conversation has come over the past decade — he also said police groups don’t want to return to the days of simply locking people up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that incarceration doesn’t solve the problem. There has to be a program afterwards, even during custody, in order for someone to have the best chance of being successful,” he said, arguing that the state hasn’t done enough to invest in those types of programs amid the significant reforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swing also said the state has gone too far, particularly with measures like the voter-approved Proposition 47, which Brown did not support when it was on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10652368/proposition-47-gives-former-felons-a-new-chance\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 47\u003c/a> helped reduce the prison population by reducing most drug possession charges from felonies to misdemeanors — meaning those inmates would serve their time in local jails, not state prisons — and made petty theft of items up to $950 a misdemeanor as well. It also allowed people to retroactively petition courts to change their sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Changing Relationship With Law Enforcement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former state Sen. Mark Leno said the history behind Proposition 47 shows how law enforcement, long a powerful lobbying force in Sacramento, overreached at times during Brown’s tenure. And how the governor became increasingly more willing to push back against police and prosecutors over his two terms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leno said prior to voters weighing in on Proposition 47 in 2014, he authored a measure that didn’t go quite as far as the initiative, but would have let prosecutors decide whether to charge someone with a felony or misdemeanor in many drug and petty theft cases. But law enforcement groups — particularly prosecutors — lobbied the governor to veto the bill, and he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11689707/in-shift-california-lawmakers-embrace-some-ambitious-criminal-justice-reforms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In Shift, California Lawmakers Embrace Some Ambitious Criminal Justice Reforms\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11689707/in-shift-california-lawmakers-embrace-some-ambitious-criminal-justice-reforms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS26392_IMG_1968-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The last legislative session under Gov. Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11689707/in-shift-california-lawmakers-embrace-some-ambitious-criminal-justice-reforms\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">bucked law enforcement\u003c/a> to pass laws ending cash bail, reforming the felony murder rule and opening up police records, among others.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When he was elected in 2010, Leno noted, Brown was attorney general and had the support of all the state’s major law enforcement groups. But by the last few years of his governorship, Brown was pushing ballot measures, like Proposition 57, against the wishes of district attorneys and signing police oversight bills over the cries of police associations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once he became governor he probably had a clearer view of how serious the prison crisis was and that he was under court order to do something about it,” Leno said. “He in some ways almost reverted more back to his Jesuit roots of fairness and making sure people have second chances in life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant signing bills that reduced criminal sentences, Leno said, but also vetoing those that would have led to more people being incarcerated. It included signing a landmark bail reform bill last year that, if upheld by the voters in 2020, will eliminate the requirement that suspects \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11689184/gov-brown-signs-bill-ending-cash-bail-in-california\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pay money\u003c/a> to secure their release ahead of trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think it’s an overstatement to say Jerry Brown has been visionary in this area. He looked down the road, saw what needed to be done, and then figured out what to do and did it. That’s the definition of a visionary,” Leno said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All those policy changes, Leno said, will impact the state’s criminal justice system for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "Jerry Brown Will Leave Lasting Impact on Criminal Justice in California",
"datePublished": "2018-12-29T07:00:35-08:00",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>During his first stint as California governor 40 years ago, Jerry Brown appointed a slew of diverse — sometimes controversial — judges and signed a sentencing law that fundamentally changed how the state approached punishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, things weren’t so different during Brown’s second go-around in the governor’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/guvtransition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Brown Out, Newsom In\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/guvtransition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2018/12/20/JerryBrownMain.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the Jerry Brown era winds down and California prepares for the governorship of Gavin Newsom, KQED is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/guvtransition\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">looking back\u003c/a> at Gov. Brown’s legacy and ahead to the challenges and opportunities facing Gov.-elect Newsom.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Over the past eight years, Brown oversaw a dramatic shift in how California approaches criminal justice, including authoring a law that upended how the state treats nonviolent offenders and writing a ballot measure that rolled back the “lock ’em up” sentencing philosophy he championed in 1976. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, the governor appointed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714131/browns-longest-lasting-legacy-judges\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">more than 600 judges\u003c/a>, including four to the state’s high court who represent not just more women and people of color, but also a much broader set of career experiences and philosophical backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he’s gone much further than he did in the 1970s and 1980s: Over his final two terms, Brown issued 1,189 pardons and 152 commutations — dwarfing any of his predecessors and his own previous record, when he issued 404 pardons and just one commutation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also vetoed dozens of bills that would have created new crimes and signed numerous sentencing reforms that give offenders chances at shorter sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brown’s Evolution on Criminal Justice\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, Brown’s evolution tracks with that of California voters, who have embraced even further-reaching criminal justice reforms than the governor initially wanted. Both Brown and the electorate were encouraged down that path by a landmark legal case that resulted in the U.S. Supreme Court ordering the state to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2011/05/23/136579580/california-is-ordered-to-cut-its-prison-population\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">reduce its prison population\u003c/a> by tens of thousands of inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the state has about 34,000 fewer people in state prisons than it did when Brown was sworn into the governor’s office in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gov. Brown has presided over a legacy of criminal justice reform that is really unmatched across the country,” said Stanford University’s Michael Romano, who runs the university’s Three Strikes Project and helped write two of the recent criminal justice ballot initiatives that Brown was not involved in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole United States prison population has come down over the past 10 years, and all of that reduction is a result of the reductions that we’ve seen in California. And at the same time, the crime rates in California from when these reforms started to kick in, in 2011, to today are down,” Romano said. “So we’ve been able to reduce our prison population, significantly reduce the amount of injustice in the system, and improve public safety. And Gov. Brown has presided over that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714131/browns-longest-lasting-legacy-judges\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Brown’s Longest-Lasting Legacy: Judges\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714131/browns-longest-lasting-legacy-judges\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS4469_106397071-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The governor’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714131/browns-longest-lasting-legacy-judges\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">judicial appointments\u003c/a> will leave a lasting imprint on the state, breaking the mold with candidates from diverse professional and personal backgrounds.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Romano credited Brown for his creative approach to the problem, saying the governor — the only person to ever lead California for four terms — understands the power of that office and what he called “the administrative state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted that both of the sweeping laws that Brown authored — Assembly Bill 109, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11107949/realignment-5-years-on-counties-build-jails-for-inmates-with-mental-illness\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">known as realignment\u003c/a>, and Proposition 57, which made broad changes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11114572/jerry-brown-pushes-earlier-release-of-felons-under-proposition-57\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">parole rules\u003c/a> — did not rely on simply reducing criminal sentences or throwing the doors of prisons and jails open indiscriminately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has not reduced a single sentence” with the changes in law, Romano said, “but he has shifted the responsibility and the incentives within the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Proposition 57, which voters approved in 2016, that meant giving prison officials more flexibility to reward prisoners who have participated in rehabilitative programs with shorter sentences. Under AB 109, it meant redirecting most nonviolent offenders to county jails instead of state prisons to serve their sentences, giving counties more incentives to rehabilitate offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown pushed both measures not only because he came to believe that many of the “tough on crime” laws of the 1980s and 1990s were a mistake, but because he had to. In the first months of his second administration, the U.S. Supreme Court issued that order, telling California its overcrowded prisons were unconstitutional because inmates were being denied medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the changes championed by the governor haven’t been without critics, Romano believes Brown’s approach was brilliant because it avoided the political pitfalls of releasing inmates early, and marshaled forces Brown had at his disposal within state government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This type of administrative reform has proven in some ways to be more effective than any other type of criminal justice reform and mass incarceration reform that we typically talk about,” Romano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Too Much Change Too Quickly’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, not everyone is on board. Law enforcement groups opposed most of the major sentencing reforms that have been adopted in recent years, and continue to blame those changes for the increase in property crimes that some communities have experienced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan Hill Police Chief David Swing is president of the California Police Chiefs Association. He said there’s been a “sea change” in how the state approaches criminal justice under Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714250/governor-jerry-brown-on-leaving-office-leftover-campaign-cash-lessons-from-his-mother-and-car-shopping\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LISTEN: Gov. Brown Exit Interview with ‘Political Breakdown’\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714250/governor-jerry-brown-on-leaving-office-leftover-campaign-cash-lessons-from-his-mother-and-car-shopping\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/JB-Politcal-Breakdown-1180x886.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gov. Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714250/governor-jerry-brown-on-leaving-office-leftover-campaign-cash-lessons-from-his-mother-and-car-shopping\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">sat down\u003c/a> with KQED politics reporter Marisa Lagos and editor Scott Shafer at the governor’s mansion in Sacramento to talk about life after office, his plans for his unspent campaign cash, what Democrats need in 2020, challenges for Gov.-elect Gavin Newsom and the influence of his mother.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“And we would say that it’s been too much change too quickly,” he said. “When you have that much change all at once, there isn’t an opportunity to really evaluate the efficacy of those programs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swing is right. The state has not made an effort to track the effects of many of the changes, instead relying on outside groups like universities and think tanks to draw their own conclusions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes the reforms have come at a cost but — in a sign of how far the conversation has come over the past decade — he also said police groups don’t want to return to the days of simply locking people up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that incarceration doesn’t solve the problem. There has to be a program afterwards, even during custody, in order for someone to have the best chance of being successful,” he said, arguing that the state hasn’t done enough to invest in those types of programs amid the significant reforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swing also said the state has gone too far, particularly with measures like the voter-approved Proposition 47, which Brown did not support when it was on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10652368/proposition-47-gives-former-felons-a-new-chance\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 47\u003c/a> helped reduce the prison population by reducing most drug possession charges from felonies to misdemeanors — meaning those inmates would serve their time in local jails, not state prisons — and made petty theft of items up to $950 a misdemeanor as well. It also allowed people to retroactively petition courts to change their sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Changing Relationship With Law Enforcement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former state Sen. Mark Leno said the history behind Proposition 47 shows how law enforcement, long a powerful lobbying force in Sacramento, overreached at times during Brown’s tenure. And how the governor became increasingly more willing to push back against police and prosecutors over his two terms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leno said prior to voters weighing in on Proposition 47 in 2014, he authored a measure that didn’t go quite as far as the initiative, but would have let prosecutors decide whether to charge someone with a felony or misdemeanor in many drug and petty theft cases. But law enforcement groups — particularly prosecutors — lobbied the governor to veto the bill, and he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11689707/in-shift-california-lawmakers-embrace-some-ambitious-criminal-justice-reforms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In Shift, California Lawmakers Embrace Some Ambitious Criminal Justice Reforms\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11689707/in-shift-california-lawmakers-embrace-some-ambitious-criminal-justice-reforms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS26392_IMG_1968-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The last legislative session under Gov. Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11689707/in-shift-california-lawmakers-embrace-some-ambitious-criminal-justice-reforms\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">bucked law enforcement\u003c/a> to pass laws ending cash bail, reforming the felony murder rule and opening up police records, among others.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When he was elected in 2010, Leno noted, Brown was attorney general and had the support of all the state’s major law enforcement groups. But by the last few years of his governorship, Brown was pushing ballot measures, like Proposition 57, against the wishes of district attorneys and signing police oversight bills over the cries of police associations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once he became governor he probably had a clearer view of how serious the prison crisis was and that he was under court order to do something about it,” Leno said. “He in some ways almost reverted more back to his Jesuit roots of fairness and making sure people have second chances in life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant signing bills that reduced criminal sentences, Leno said, but also vetoing those that would have led to more people being incarcerated. It included signing a landmark bail reform bill last year that, if upheld by the voters in 2020, will eliminate the requirement that suspects \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11689184/gov-brown-signs-bill-ending-cash-bail-in-california\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pay money\u003c/a> to secure their release ahead of trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think it’s an overstatement to say Jerry Brown has been visionary in this area. He looked down the road, saw what needed to be done, and then figured out what to do and did it. That’s the definition of a visionary,” Leno said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All those policy changes, Leno said, will impact the state’s criminal justice system for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"headTitle": "California Inmates Convicted Under ‘Felony Murder Rule’ Prep for New Shot at Freedom | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A state law set to take effect on Jan. 1 significantly narrows when accomplices to crimes in which someone was killed can be charged with murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change to the “felony murder rule” doctrine’s application in California could shift the status of more than 800 inmates serving sentences for first- and second-degree murder. In essence, accomplices who solely intended to commit an underlying felony — such as a robbery — and who didn’t directly contribute or intend to kill someone cannot be convicted of murder under the new law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmates previously convicted through the “felony murder rule” can now petition to change their sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But exactly which inmates may be eligible for resentencing is a complicated question, depending in part on legal interpretations of the specific facts for each case. And inmates are required to personally file petitions for resentencing, though they can get help from an attorney if they ask for one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates with the organization Re:store Justice, which also championed Senate Bill 1437, toured prisons throughout the state in December, hosting a “down-and-dirty” 90-minute law school class for prisoners who could see a new chance at freedom in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A state law set to take effect on Jan. 1 significantly narrows when accomplices to crimes in which someone was killed can be charged with murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change to the “felony murder rule” doctrine’s application in California could shift the status of more than 800 inmates serving sentences for first- and second-degree murder. In essence, accomplices who solely intended to commit an underlying felony — such as a robbery — and who didn’t directly contribute or intend to kill someone cannot be convicted of murder under the new law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmates previously convicted through the “felony murder rule” can now petition to change their sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But exactly which inmates may be eligible for resentencing is a complicated question, depending in part on legal interpretations of the specific facts for each case. And inmates are required to personally file petitions for resentencing, though they can get help from an attorney if they ask for one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates with the organization Re:store Justice, which also championed Senate Bill 1437, toured prisons throughout the state in December, hosting a “down-and-dirty” 90-minute law school class for prisoners who could see a new chance at freedom in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 11:45 a.m. 12/10/18\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent deaths of two inmates on California’s death row at San Quentin State Prison took place as Marin County health paramedics received a “spike” in calls from the prison related to opioid overdoses, according to the county’s top health official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Matt Willis, Marin County’s public health officer, said in the past six months the county’s emergency medical services responded to 155 ambulance calls at San Quentin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten of those calls for service to the prison, which took place between June 5 and Dec. 5, were reported as overdoses, Willis said. And, six of the suspected overdose cases happened between the previous Sunday and last Tuesday, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is clearly a spike in overdose events, on top of a baseline of one or so per month,” Willis said in an email Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said that the deaths of the two death row inmates last week were attributed to suspected drug overdoses, pending results from the Marin County Coroner’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Monday, \u003ca href=\"https://news.cdcr.ca.gov/news-releases/2018/12/04/condemned-inmate-herminio-serna-dies-of-unknown-causes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Herminio Serna\u003c/a>, a 53-year-old gang member sentenced to death for multiple murders in San Jose, was found unresponsive in his cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after, guards found \u003ca href=\"https://news.cdcr.ca.gov/news-releases/2018/12/05/condemned-inmate-joseph-a-perez-jr-dies-of-unknown-cause/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joseph Perez\u003c/a>, a 47-year-old inmate sentenced to death for killing a woman who was stabbed and strangled during a robbery of her Lafayette home in 1998, also unresponsive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Autopsy reports on their deaths are expected next month, according to Marin County Chief Deputy Coroner Roger Fielding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State prison officials have not officially linked the two deaths with illegal drug use, but a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/12/06/death-row-inmate-dies-at-san-quentin-second-in-two-days/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation said health care staff at San Quentin are conducting outreach and education for inmates on the dangers of drug abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last May, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665693/fentanyl-blamed-for-apparent-overdoses-that-killed-california-prisoner-sickened-others\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED reported\u003c/a> that four inmates at San Quentin had died from drug overdoses since the beginning of 2017. Of those four, two involved fentanyl, according to the Marin County Sheriff’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis said the recent rise of cases at San Quentin is part of a cyclical trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is typically the pattern: We see a bad batch or very high-potency batch of fentanyl or heroin come into the community, and we’ll see spikes,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases are reviving attention on efforts by the CDCR to reduce the flow of illegal drugs into the prison system and to treat inmates battling addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s absolutely unacceptable to be holding people who are in effect our wards of the state, to have them dying on our watch for use of illegal substances,” said state Sen. Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, who chairs the Senate’s Public Safety Committee and has called for corrections officials to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11666434/top-state-lawmaker-california-prisons-must-do-more-to-reduce-inmate-drug-overdoses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">do a better job of preventing illegal opioid drugs\u003c/a> from entering the prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last April, a series of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665693/fentanyl-blamed-for-apparent-overdoses-that-killed-california-prisoner-sickened-others\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">suspected overdoses at Mule Creek State Prison\u003c/a> in Amador County killed one inmate and sickened 12 others. State tests determined that fentanyl was the prime suspect in those cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following month, Gov. Jerry Brown’s administration unveiled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669671/governors-plan-for-stepped-up-searches-aims-to-stem-flow-of-drugs-into-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new strategy\u003c/a> to reduce the amount of illegal drugs in state prisons. The governor’s budget included a $13.8 million proposal to search everyone who enters and exits the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison at Corcoran in Kings County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Drugs do find their way into the state’s 35 institutions,” CDCR spokeswoman Terry Thornton said. “There’s no tolerance for this. It really undermines safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, 29 inmates died of drug overdoses, prison officials have said. Last year, 40 died in such cases, according to \u003ca href=\"https://cchcs.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/60/MS/2017-Inmate-Death-Reviews.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> of prisoner deaths by the California Correctional Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, there have been 35 confirmed drug overdose deaths, according to Thornton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illegal drugs come into the state prison system through CDCR employees and visitors. In some cases they are thrown over prison fences and are dropped from drones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don Specter, executive director of the Prison Law Office, said overdoses in the prison system are a major problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s as serious, if not more serious, than in the community,” Specter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s plan also includes $3.6 million for an addiction treatment plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmate advocates like Specter have been pushing for more help for prisoners battling addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s very little treatment for what is a gigantic group of people who have substances abuse problems,” Specter said. “The state of California has only recently begun… to ramp up drug treatment in the prisons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials and lawmakers have pressured state prison officials to use treatment medications like buprenorphine to help struggling inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just need to make sure to build systems to get those treatments into our jails and prisons,” Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Locking people away with opioid addiction without addressing the root cause, we haven’t made a lot of progress in that person’s life if we don’t really take advantage of that opportunity to treat them,” Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, Clark Kelso, the federal official who controls medical care at the state’s prisons, announced a plan to spend $252 million a year to provide medication aimed at reducing fatal drug overdoses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelso’s plan calls for the state to provide drug treatment to 13,000 inmates to reduce craving while weening them off opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 11:45 a.m. 12/10/18\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent deaths of two inmates on California’s death row at San Quentin State Prison took place as Marin County health paramedics received a “spike” in calls from the prison related to opioid overdoses, according to the county’s top health official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Matt Willis, Marin County’s public health officer, said in the past six months the county’s emergency medical services responded to 155 ambulance calls at San Quentin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten of those calls for service to the prison, which took place between June 5 and Dec. 5, were reported as overdoses, Willis said. And, six of the suspected overdose cases happened between the previous Sunday and last Tuesday, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is clearly a spike in overdose events, on top of a baseline of one or so per month,” Willis said in an email Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said that the deaths of the two death row inmates last week were attributed to suspected drug overdoses, pending results from the Marin County Coroner’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Monday, \u003ca href=\"https://news.cdcr.ca.gov/news-releases/2018/12/04/condemned-inmate-herminio-serna-dies-of-unknown-causes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Herminio Serna\u003c/a>, a 53-year-old gang member sentenced to death for multiple murders in San Jose, was found unresponsive in his cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after, guards found \u003ca href=\"https://news.cdcr.ca.gov/news-releases/2018/12/05/condemned-inmate-joseph-a-perez-jr-dies-of-unknown-cause/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joseph Perez\u003c/a>, a 47-year-old inmate sentenced to death for killing a woman who was stabbed and strangled during a robbery of her Lafayette home in 1998, also unresponsive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Autopsy reports on their deaths are expected next month, according to Marin County Chief Deputy Coroner Roger Fielding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State prison officials have not officially linked the two deaths with illegal drug use, but a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/12/06/death-row-inmate-dies-at-san-quentin-second-in-two-days/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation said health care staff at San Quentin are conducting outreach and education for inmates on the dangers of drug abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last May, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665693/fentanyl-blamed-for-apparent-overdoses-that-killed-california-prisoner-sickened-others\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED reported\u003c/a> that four inmates at San Quentin had died from drug overdoses since the beginning of 2017. Of those four, two involved fentanyl, according to the Marin County Sheriff’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis said the recent rise of cases at San Quentin is part of a cyclical trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is typically the pattern: We see a bad batch or very high-potency batch of fentanyl or heroin come into the community, and we’ll see spikes,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases are reviving attention on efforts by the CDCR to reduce the flow of illegal drugs into the prison system and to treat inmates battling addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s absolutely unacceptable to be holding people who are in effect our wards of the state, to have them dying on our watch for use of illegal substances,” said state Sen. Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, who chairs the Senate’s Public Safety Committee and has called for corrections officials to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11666434/top-state-lawmaker-california-prisons-must-do-more-to-reduce-inmate-drug-overdoses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">do a better job of preventing illegal opioid drugs\u003c/a> from entering the prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last April, a series of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665693/fentanyl-blamed-for-apparent-overdoses-that-killed-california-prisoner-sickened-others\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">suspected overdoses at Mule Creek State Prison\u003c/a> in Amador County killed one inmate and sickened 12 others. State tests determined that fentanyl was the prime suspect in those cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following month, Gov. Jerry Brown’s administration unveiled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669671/governors-plan-for-stepped-up-searches-aims-to-stem-flow-of-drugs-into-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new strategy\u003c/a> to reduce the amount of illegal drugs in state prisons. The governor’s budget included a $13.8 million proposal to search everyone who enters and exits the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison at Corcoran in Kings County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Drugs do find their way into the state’s 35 institutions,” CDCR spokeswoman Terry Thornton said. “There’s no tolerance for this. It really undermines safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, 29 inmates died of drug overdoses, prison officials have said. Last year, 40 died in such cases, according to \u003ca href=\"https://cchcs.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/60/MS/2017-Inmate-Death-Reviews.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> of prisoner deaths by the California Correctional Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, there have been 35 confirmed drug overdose deaths, according to Thornton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illegal drugs come into the state prison system through CDCR employees and visitors. In some cases they are thrown over prison fences and are dropped from drones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don Specter, executive director of the Prison Law Office, said overdoses in the prison system are a major problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s as serious, if not more serious, than in the community,” Specter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s plan also includes $3.6 million for an addiction treatment plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmate advocates like Specter have been pushing for more help for prisoners battling addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s very little treatment for what is a gigantic group of people who have substances abuse problems,” Specter said. “The state of California has only recently begun… to ramp up drug treatment in the prisons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials and lawmakers have pressured state prison officials to use treatment medications like buprenorphine to help struggling inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just need to make sure to build systems to get those treatments into our jails and prisons,” Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Locking people away with opioid addiction without addressing the root cause, we haven’t made a lot of progress in that person’s life if we don’t really take advantage of that opportunity to treat them,” Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, Clark Kelso, the federal official who controls medical care at the state’s prisons, announced a plan to spend $252 million a year to provide medication aimed at reducing fatal drug overdoses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelso’s plan calls for the state to provide drug treatment to 13,000 inmates to reduce craving while weening them off opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Judge Orders Investigation of Possible Fraud in Prisoner Psychiatric Care Case",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge overseeing improvements to psychiatric care in California’s prisons plans to appoint an experienced fraud investigator to look into allegations that state officials gave her inaccurate or misleading data in a long-running civil lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an eight-page order issued late Tuesday, U.S. District Judge Kimberly Mueller said the investigation would focus first on whether prison leaders committed fraud upon the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision follows revelations in a report last month by the chief psychiatrist for the prisons, Dr. Michael Golding, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11700464/did-california-prison-officials-distort-record-on-psychiatric-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">accused \u003c/a>state officials of distorting data to mask the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702604/california-prisons-chief-psychiatrist-says-hidden-data-exposes-broken-system-of-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">failure\u003c/a> to meet court-mandated deadlines for providing treatment for prisoners who suffer from mental illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initially resistant to the idea of appointing an independent investigator to look into the allegations, Mueller wrote she was convinced to move forward after learning of a second \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11704769/second-state-psychiatrist-files-complaint-on-prisoner-care-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">whistleblower\u003c/a> just last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The court is persuaded that appointment of an experienced, highly competent, independent investigator is necessary to an efficient resolution of the issues presented by the Golding Report,” Mueller wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge also rebuked attorneys for the state for backtracking on their support for an independent investigation at a Nov. 5 status conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their change in position appears motivated by the desire to prevent any independent investigation at the court’s behest,\" Mueller stated. \"But the court cannot shrink from the need to resolve the questions of fraud raised by Dr. Golding’s report.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge said she will also ask the investigator to consider whether the state needs to change how it reports to the court on prison psychiatric care, to make sure she gets an accurate picture of whether mental health care for inmates is improving.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A federal judge overseeing improvements to psychiatric care in California’s prisons plans to appoint an experienced fraud investigator to look into allegations that state officials gave her inaccurate or misleading data in a long-running civil lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an eight-page order issued late Tuesday, U.S. District Judge Kimberly Mueller said the investigation would focus first on whether prison leaders committed fraud upon the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision follows revelations in a report last month by the chief psychiatrist for the prisons, Dr. Michael Golding, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11700464/did-california-prison-officials-distort-record-on-psychiatric-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">accused \u003c/a>state officials of distorting data to mask the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702604/california-prisons-chief-psychiatrist-says-hidden-data-exposes-broken-system-of-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">failure\u003c/a> to meet court-mandated deadlines for providing treatment for prisoners who suffer from mental illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initially resistant to the idea of appointing an independent investigator to look into the allegations, Mueller wrote she was convinced to move forward after learning of a second \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11704769/second-state-psychiatrist-files-complaint-on-prisoner-care-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">whistleblower\u003c/a> just last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The court is persuaded that appointment of an experienced, highly competent, independent investigator is necessary to an efficient resolution of the issues presented by the Golding Report,” Mueller wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge also rebuked attorneys for the state for backtracking on their support for an independent investigation at a Nov. 5 status conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their change in position appears motivated by the desire to prevent any independent investigation at the court’s behest,\" Mueller stated. \"But the court cannot shrink from the need to resolve the questions of fraud raised by Dr. Golding’s report.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge said she will also ask the investigator to consider whether the state needs to change how it reports to the court on prison psychiatric care, to make sure she gets an accurate picture of whether mental health care for inmates is improving.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Second State Psychiatrist Files Complaint on Prisoner Care in California",
"title": "Second State Psychiatrist Files Complaint on Prisoner Care in California",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge overseeing a decades-old case mandating improvements to psychiatric care for California prisoners took action Wednesday to protect another psychiatrist who filed a whistleblower complaint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest allegations add to a growing controversy over whether prison officials distorted data about inmate mental health care in reports to the court, as Judge Kimberly Mueller considers retaining a court-appointed investigator to evaluate the psychiatrists’ claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Melanie Gonzalez filed a complaint with the court-appointed receiver for prison medical care, according to a Nov. 7 order by Mueller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez appears to have started working for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation in 2014, according to a profile on LinkedIn that appears to belong to her. Her attorney did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court sent Gonzalez’s report to attorneys for inmates and for the state on Wednesday. The nature of the allegations in her complaint is unknown; it has not been released to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news comes just a week after the court published a redacted copy of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702604/california-prisons-chief-psychiatrist-says-hidden-data-exposes-broken-system-of-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report by the chief psychiatrist\u003c/a> for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, alleging prison officials distorted data in reports to the court to create an illusion of robust care that, in fact, often failed to provide timely treatment to severely mentally ill inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Psychiatrist Dr. Michael Golding challenged prison officials’ claims that inmates were seen by psychiatrists within a court-mandated period 95 percent of the time. That data, he said, left out any appointments where inmates didn’t show because of illness or a custodial issue. Any appointments that were rescheduled were also excluded from the formula. Golding said a policy of \"resetting the clock\" when an inmate was transferred to another facility masked delays in treatment for up to eight months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He described a culture in which medically trained psychiatrists were not always consulted by psychologists or prison administrators when they should be, leading to violent deterioration in at least one psychotic patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge’s Nov. 7 order extended protections from retaliation to Gonzalez and anyone who assisted in the preparation of Golding’s report.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702604/california-prisons-chief-psychiatrist-says-hidden-data-exposes-broken-system-of-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">California Prisons Chief Psychiatrist Says Hidden Data Exposes 'Broken System of Care'\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702604/california-prisons-chief-psychiatrist-says-hidden-data-exposes-broken-system-of-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS11510_alt_796-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Mueller prohibited CDCR or their attorneys from launching an investigation, or compelling employees to answer questions about the matter as a condition of their employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge is expected to issue an order in the coming days to appoint an independent investigator who works for the court to look into the allegations raised by Golding before holding any evidentiary hearing on his report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about the “whistleblower scandal” at a press conference Wednesday, Gov. Jerry Brown said the allegations mischaracterize the mental health system in the prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't think any institution has been more thoroughly scrutinized than our prison system, and the mental health in particular is getting the benefit,” Brown said. “The people at CDCR that are running these programs are very honest, they're very competent, and I think they'll make their case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials did not immediately respond to the revelation Wednesday of more allegations from yet another prison psychiatrist. A spokeswoman previously said that the department “strongly disagrees” with Golding’s allegations and looks forward to “a fair and thorough review and hearing of all the facts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third prison psychiatrist has reportedly made similar claims in a complaint filed in Sacramento County Superior Court. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/crime/article220461620.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento Bee\u003c/a> reported that Dr. Karuna Anand was eventually fired after she complained that poor psychiatric care had contributed to three inmate suicides.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A federal judge overseeing a decades-old case mandating improvements to psychiatric care for California prisoners took action Wednesday to protect another psychiatrist who filed a whistleblower complaint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest allegations add to a growing controversy over whether prison officials distorted data about inmate mental health care in reports to the court, as Judge Kimberly Mueller considers retaining a court-appointed investigator to evaluate the psychiatrists’ claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Melanie Gonzalez filed a complaint with the court-appointed receiver for prison medical care, according to a Nov. 7 order by Mueller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez appears to have started working for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation in 2014, according to a profile on LinkedIn that appears to belong to her. Her attorney did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court sent Gonzalez’s report to attorneys for inmates and for the state on Wednesday. The nature of the allegations in her complaint is unknown; it has not been released to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news comes just a week after the court published a redacted copy of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702604/california-prisons-chief-psychiatrist-says-hidden-data-exposes-broken-system-of-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report by the chief psychiatrist\u003c/a> for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, alleging prison officials distorted data in reports to the court to create an illusion of robust care that, in fact, often failed to provide timely treatment to severely mentally ill inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Psychiatrist Dr. Michael Golding challenged prison officials’ claims that inmates were seen by psychiatrists within a court-mandated period 95 percent of the time. That data, he said, left out any appointments where inmates didn’t show because of illness or a custodial issue. Any appointments that were rescheduled were also excluded from the formula. Golding said a policy of \"resetting the clock\" when an inmate was transferred to another facility masked delays in treatment for up to eight months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He described a culture in which medically trained psychiatrists were not always consulted by psychologists or prison administrators when they should be, leading to violent deterioration in at least one psychotic patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge’s Nov. 7 order extended protections from retaliation to Gonzalez and anyone who assisted in the preparation of Golding’s report.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702604/california-prisons-chief-psychiatrist-says-hidden-data-exposes-broken-system-of-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">California Prisons Chief Psychiatrist Says Hidden Data Exposes 'Broken System of Care'\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702604/california-prisons-chief-psychiatrist-says-hidden-data-exposes-broken-system-of-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS11510_alt_796-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Mueller prohibited CDCR or their attorneys from launching an investigation, or compelling employees to answer questions about the matter as a condition of their employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge is expected to issue an order in the coming days to appoint an independent investigator who works for the court to look into the allegations raised by Golding before holding any evidentiary hearing on his report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about the “whistleblower scandal” at a press conference Wednesday, Gov. Jerry Brown said the allegations mischaracterize the mental health system in the prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't think any institution has been more thoroughly scrutinized than our prison system, and the mental health in particular is getting the benefit,” Brown said. “The people at CDCR that are running these programs are very honest, they're very competent, and I think they'll make their case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials did not immediately respond to the revelation Wednesday of more allegations from yet another prison psychiatrist. A spokeswoman previously said that the department “strongly disagrees” with Golding’s allegations and looks forward to “a fair and thorough review and hearing of all the facts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third prison psychiatrist has reportedly made similar claims in a complaint filed in Sacramento County Superior Court. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/crime/article220461620.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento Bee\u003c/a> reported that Dr. Karuna Anand was eventually fired after she complained that poor psychiatric care had contributed to three inmate suicides.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Prisons Chief Psychiatrist Says Hidden Data Exposes 'Broken System of Care'",
"title": "California Prisons Chief Psychiatrist Says Hidden Data Exposes 'Broken System of Care'",
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"content": "\u003cp>The top psychiatrist for California's prisons accused state officials of misleading a federal judge about the quality of inmate care in a recent report unsealed by court-order Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'CDCR has a broken system of care because information is not accurately reported upon. ... I have documented that CDCR has prevented errors from being fixed, and worse, CDCR has not allowed anyone to know that there has been inaccurate reporting to the courts and to our leadership.'\u003ccite>Dr. Michael Golding,\u003cbr>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Chief Psychiatrist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In the 161-page report, the chief psychiatrist for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation alleged prison officials hid or manipulated data presented to the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Michael Golding wrote that the way the prison officials reported statistics to U.S. District Judge Kimberly Mueller resulted in “a biased and inaccurately positive picture of what is actually a troubled system of care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CDCR spokeswoman said the agency \"strongly disagrees\" with the report's allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golding described a system in which recommendations by medically-trained psychiatrists were often ignored or overruled by psychologists and prison administrators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wrote that in one disturbing example, a woman removed, then ate her own eye four hours after an evaluation by a psychologist and being placed on suicide watch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Multiple subsequent psychiatrists, including headquarters psychiatrists, who heard about this event, agreed that medications and forced medications had been needed, but the psychologist evaluating the patient did not call the psychiatrist,\" Golding wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Official reviews of the incident ignored doctors' opinions about the case and found a failure to contact a psychiatrist or provide immediate medication \"was not a root cause,\" the report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>End to Court Oversight Jeopardized\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The allegations could derail California's efforts to end decades of court oversight to improve psychiatric care at the state's 34 prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1990 case, now called Coleman v. Brown, sought to improve care for prisoners with mental illness. The state has increased spending and reformed inmate mental health care over the 28-year case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Golding's report has cast doubt on any near-term end to court oversight, according to Michael Bien, an attorney representing mentally ill inmates in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The whistleblower report from Dr. Golding blows all that progress out of the water, at least until we fully understand the extent of his allegations,\" Bien said. \"In his view, the mental health care system was operating way below any standard, and in fact in a dangerous way for patient safety. And defendants were representing exactly the opposite. That's very troubling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golding wrote that prison officials used a number of techniques to make data about quality of inmate mental health care look better than the reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11700464/did-california-prison-officials-distort-record-on-psychiatric-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Did California Prison Officials Distort Record on Psychiatric Care?\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11700464/did-california-prison-officials-distort-record-on-psychiatric-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/pepperspray.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“A prison mental health system needs to ensure that patients see their psychiatrists and other mental health providers on schedule, on time and confidentially, in an office,\" Golding wrote. \"CDCR is not doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmates with mental illness are supposed to see a psychiatrist within a court mandated period of time, that differs depending on the severity of their condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golding asserted that officials exaggerated key measurements of care, including whether psychiatrists kept their appointments with inmates, \"as scheduled.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state reported that in 2018 prison psychiatrists had seen all of one category of inmates — those with the mildest forms of mental illness — 95 percent of the time. But, Golding asserted, the report excluded appointments that were missed or rescheduled. Had those numbers been included, Golding wrote the state's compliance rate would have dropped to 46 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials had a policy to \"reset the clock\" every time a mentally ill prisoner transferred to a new prison, Golding wrote, resulting in inmates going without seeing a psychiatrist for up to nine months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wrote the state counts late appointments as on-time and on-time appointments as early. And \"brief encounters with patients in the prison yard surrounded by other inmates, three-minute, non-confidential cell side visits\" and wellness checks amounting to shouting back and forth through a cell door were all counted as proper medical appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Broken System of Care'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golding blamed the distortion on prison leaders:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CDCR has a broken system of care because information is not accurately reported upon,\" Golding wrote. \"I have documented that CDCR has prevented errors from being fixed, and worse, CDCR has not allowed anyone to know that there has been inaccurate reporting to the courts and to our leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Mueller has said she would soon decide whether to call Golding to testify at a Dec. 14 hearing, and was also considering \"areas of potential fraud on the court,\" according to a record of a recent hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR Spokeswoman Vicky Waters wrote in an email response that the agency \"looks forward to a fair and thorough review and hearing of all the facts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We worked closely with lawyers representing prisoners, as well as the court appointment monitors, for many years to improve the mental health of inmates,\" she wrote, \"and our dedicated and well-trained staff will continue to provide appropriate care and treatment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5026033-Dkt-5988-1-Redacted-REPORT-of-MICHAEL-GOLDING\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting by The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The top psychiatrist for California's prisons accused state officials of misleading a federal judge about the quality of inmate care in a recent report unsealed by court-order Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'CDCR has a broken system of care because information is not accurately reported upon. ... I have documented that CDCR has prevented errors from being fixed, and worse, CDCR has not allowed anyone to know that there has been inaccurate reporting to the courts and to our leadership.'\u003ccite>Dr. Michael Golding,\u003cbr>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Chief Psychiatrist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In the 161-page report, the chief psychiatrist for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation alleged prison officials hid or manipulated data presented to the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Michael Golding wrote that the way the prison officials reported statistics to U.S. District Judge Kimberly Mueller resulted in “a biased and inaccurately positive picture of what is actually a troubled system of care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CDCR spokeswoman said the agency \"strongly disagrees\" with the report's allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golding described a system in which recommendations by medically-trained psychiatrists were often ignored or overruled by psychologists and prison administrators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wrote that in one disturbing example, a woman removed, then ate her own eye four hours after an evaluation by a psychologist and being placed on suicide watch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Multiple subsequent psychiatrists, including headquarters psychiatrists, who heard about this event, agreed that medications and forced medications had been needed, but the psychologist evaluating the patient did not call the psychiatrist,\" Golding wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Official reviews of the incident ignored doctors' opinions about the case and found a failure to contact a psychiatrist or provide immediate medication \"was not a root cause,\" the report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>End to Court Oversight Jeopardized\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The allegations could derail California's efforts to end decades of court oversight to improve psychiatric care at the state's 34 prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1990 case, now called Coleman v. Brown, sought to improve care for prisoners with mental illness. The state has increased spending and reformed inmate mental health care over the 28-year case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Golding's report has cast doubt on any near-term end to court oversight, according to Michael Bien, an attorney representing mentally ill inmates in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The whistleblower report from Dr. Golding blows all that progress out of the water, at least until we fully understand the extent of his allegations,\" Bien said. \"In his view, the mental health care system was operating way below any standard, and in fact in a dangerous way for patient safety. And defendants were representing exactly the opposite. That's very troubling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golding wrote that prison officials used a number of techniques to make data about quality of inmate mental health care look better than the reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11700464/did-california-prison-officials-distort-record-on-psychiatric-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Did California Prison Officials Distort Record on Psychiatric Care?\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11700464/did-california-prison-officials-distort-record-on-psychiatric-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/pepperspray.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“A prison mental health system needs to ensure that patients see their psychiatrists and other mental health providers on schedule, on time and confidentially, in an office,\" Golding wrote. \"CDCR is not doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmates with mental illness are supposed to see a psychiatrist within a court mandated period of time, that differs depending on the severity of their condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golding asserted that officials exaggerated key measurements of care, including whether psychiatrists kept their appointments with inmates, \"as scheduled.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state reported that in 2018 prison psychiatrists had seen all of one category of inmates — those with the mildest forms of mental illness — 95 percent of the time. But, Golding asserted, the report excluded appointments that were missed or rescheduled. Had those numbers been included, Golding wrote the state's compliance rate would have dropped to 46 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials had a policy to \"reset the clock\" every time a mentally ill prisoner transferred to a new prison, Golding wrote, resulting in inmates going without seeing a psychiatrist for up to nine months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wrote the state counts late appointments as on-time and on-time appointments as early. And \"brief encounters with patients in the prison yard surrounded by other inmates, three-minute, non-confidential cell side visits\" and wellness checks amounting to shouting back and forth through a cell door were all counted as proper medical appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Broken System of Care'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golding blamed the distortion on prison leaders:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CDCR has a broken system of care because information is not accurately reported upon,\" Golding wrote. \"I have documented that CDCR has prevented errors from being fixed, and worse, CDCR has not allowed anyone to know that there has been inaccurate reporting to the courts and to our leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Mueller has said she would soon decide whether to call Golding to testify at a Dec. 14 hearing, and was also considering \"areas of potential fraud on the court,\" according to a record of a recent hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR Spokeswoman Vicky Waters wrote in an email response that the agency \"looks forward to a fair and thorough review and hearing of all the facts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We worked closely with lawyers representing prisoners, as well as the court appointment monitors, for many years to improve the mental health of inmates,\" she wrote, \"and our dedicated and well-trained staff will continue to provide appropriate care and treatment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This week marks the third week of a nationwide \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11688877/protest-held-outside-san-quentin-as-part-of-national-prison-strike\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">prison strike\u003c/a> that’s largely focused on \u003ca href=\"https://incarceratedworkers.org/campaigns/prison-strike-2018\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ending “prison slavery.”\u003c/a> That term is not just hyperbole — forcing prisoners to work for little or no pay is constitutionally protected by the 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery more broadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you think of prison labor, you might think of license plates. But behind the walls of San Quentin State Prison, a select few inmates are working in an industry you might not expect. They’re developing websites, software and apps for technology clients in the Bay Area and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11690485 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-800x1485.jpg\" alt=\"The Programmers of San Quentin\" width=\"800\" height=\"1485\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-800x1485.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-160x297.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-1020x1894.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-646x1200.jpg 646w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-1180x2191.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-960x1783.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-240x446.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-375x696.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-520x966.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2018/09/sanquentinfiore.mp3\" Image=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2018/09/05/SanQblur05.jpg\" Title=\"Tulio Cardozo on How His Near-Death Experience Changed Him\" program=\"KQED News\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11690486 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-800x2048.jpg\" alt=\"The Programmers of San Quentin\" width=\"800\" height=\"2048\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-800x2048.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-160x410.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-1020x2611.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-469x1200.jpg 469w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-1180x3021.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-960x2458.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-240x614.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-375x960.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page02_v2-520x1331.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11690487 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-800x1792.jpg\" alt=\"The Programmers of San Quentin\" width=\"800\" height=\"1792\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-800x1792.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-160x358.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-1020x2285.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-536x1200.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-1180x2643.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-960x2151.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-240x538.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-375x840.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page03_v2-520x1165.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11690489 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page04_v2-800x1408.jpg\" alt=\"The Programmers of San Quentin\" width=\"800\" height=\"1408\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page04_v2-800x1408.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page04_v2-160x282.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page04_v2-1020x1795.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page04_v2-682x1200.jpg 682w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page04_v2.jpg 1920w, 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https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page05_v2-1020x2285.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page05_v2-536x1200.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page05_v2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page05_v2-1180x2643.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page05_v2-960x2151.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page05_v2-240x538.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page05_v2-375x840.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page05_v2-520x1165.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11690491 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-800x1792.jpg\" alt=\"The Programmers of San Quentin\" width=\"800\" height=\"1792\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-800x1792.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-160x358.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-1020x2285.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-536x1200.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-1180x2643.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-960x2151.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-240x538.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-375x840.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page06_v2-520x1165.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2018/09/TulioEndClip.mp3\" Image=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2018/09/05/SanQBarbed.jpg\" Title=\"Tulio Cardozo on How the Last Mile Program Is Changing Inmates' Perception of What's Possible\" program=\"KQED News\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduates of \u003ca href=\"https://thelastmile.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Last Mile Project’s\u003c/a> business and technology incubator have gone on to make six-figure salaries upon release from prison.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week marks the third week of a nationwide \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11688877/protest-held-outside-san-quentin-as-part-of-national-prison-strike\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">prison strike\u003c/a> that’s largely focused on \u003ca href=\"https://incarceratedworkers.org/campaigns/prison-strike-2018\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ending “prison slavery.”\u003c/a> That term is not just hyperbole — forcing prisoners to work for little or no pay is constitutionally protected by the 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery more broadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you think of prison labor, you might think of license plates. But behind the walls of San Quentin State Prison, a select few inmates are working in an industry you might not expect. They’re developing websites, software and apps for technology clients in the Bay Area and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11690485 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-800x1485.jpg\" alt=\"The Programmers of San Quentin\" width=\"800\" height=\"1485\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-800x1485.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-160x297.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-1020x1894.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-646x1200.jpg 646w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-1180x2191.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-960x1783.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-240x446.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-375x696.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/SanQ_page01_v2-520x966.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduates of \u003ca href=\"https://thelastmile.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Last Mile Project’s\u003c/a> business and technology incubator have gone on to make six-figure salaries upon release from prison.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "After 27 Years in Prison, Former Lifer Hopes to Help Others Like Him Readjust",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Lucas says introducing himself makes him really anxious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I meet new people, I immediately feel like I’m being judged, like, ‘Damn do they know, and if they know, how will they respond?’ ” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What Lucas is afraid to tell people is that he spent 27 years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, Lucas was released after serving part of a life sentence for first-degree murder, shooting a man he recognized from a time he’d been robbed in his neighborhood. A drunken argument escalated into a fatal shooting in West L.A., with Lucas pulling the trigger and killing the man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas wasn’t sure he had a chance at a life after prison. It wasn’t until \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/05/26/315259623/in-california-life-with-parole-increasingly-leads-to-freedom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently\u003c/a> that lifers with the possibility of parole had a reasonable chance of freedom, due to \u003ca href=\"https://video.kqed.org/video/kqed-newsroom-special-edition-california-prisons-releasing-lifer-inmates/\">prison reform to ease overcrowding\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Lucas was released three years ago, he’s still getting used to life on the outside. For someone who has been locked away longer than some millennials have been alive, the smallest things are fascinating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recalls arriving home to Los Angeles after his release and noticing the trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I could just feel the oxygen as I’m breathing. I could just feel the difference compared to the desert I was living in [while incarcerated at Chuckawalla Valley State Prison, in the Mojave Desert]. I could smell everything. I could smell the roses, I could smell the gas, I could smell everything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, when Lucas went to prison in 1988, there were no smartphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know how you can tell the people that have been to prison?” he asks. “They walk around smiling and observing everything around them. The people that haven’t been to prison walk with their head down in their phone. It’s a shame.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11672087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11672087\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-800x958.jpg\" alt=\"Michael Lucas was released from prison in 2015, where he was serving a life sentence with parole for first-degree murder.\" width=\"800\" height=\"958\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-160x192.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-240x287.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-375x449.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-520x623.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Lucas was released from prison in 2015, where he was serving a life sentence with parole for first-degree murder. \u003ccite>(Alexandria Mason/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lucas went into prison at age 20. When got out, he was 47. But he looks decades younger than his age. He doesn’t look like a man who spent most of his life in prison. Maybe because he spent years reading, becoming more spiritual, going to therapy, processing his regret over the murder. Eventually he became a mentor to other lifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was in prison for all that time, researching and trying to fix myself, I got my physical, mental and spiritual [sides] all healthy. I felt whole,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Lucas has spent more time in prison than as a free man. He finds that he’s actually most comfortable around other ex-cons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In no place can anybody who’s broken, cracked, fragile, put themselves back together by themselves,” says Lucas. “We’ve done it together. I’ve got some brothers that I’ve been doing time with and we’ve been growing, learning and teaching each other for 10 to 15 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas hopes to start his own nonprofit transitional housing facility for recently released lifers, run by other former inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People that haven’t been to prison can’t teach another person how not to go back to prison,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thinks this kind of housing could help former inmates with issues like post-traumatic stress disorder, fostering positive relationships and maintaining personal vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He dreams of creating space for former lifers to share their testimonies in a safe, creative space, free from the judgment he feels when talking about his past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he knows that even outside the walls of prison, life will still be hard for him and former lifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For people that took the life of another human being, went through whatever cocoon-ish metamorphosis they went through, if they come out really grateful for life and remorseful for the damage they caused, the future is bright, but riddled with painful moments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced in collaboration with an advanced reporting class at the USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism. Students spent a semester examining what the California Dream means to Angelenos from different walks of life.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Lucas says introducing himself makes him really anxious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I meet new people, I immediately feel like I’m being judged, like, ‘Damn do they know, and if they know, how will they respond?’ ” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What Lucas is afraid to tell people is that he spent 27 years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, Lucas was released after serving part of a life sentence for first-degree murder, shooting a man he recognized from a time he’d been robbed in his neighborhood. A drunken argument escalated into a fatal shooting in West L.A., with Lucas pulling the trigger and killing the man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas wasn’t sure he had a chance at a life after prison. It wasn’t until \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/05/26/315259623/in-california-life-with-parole-increasingly-leads-to-freedom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently\u003c/a> that lifers with the possibility of parole had a reasonable chance of freedom, due to \u003ca href=\"https://video.kqed.org/video/kqed-newsroom-special-edition-california-prisons-releasing-lifer-inmates/\">prison reform to ease overcrowding\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Lucas was released three years ago, he’s still getting used to life on the outside. For someone who has been locked away longer than some millennials have been alive, the smallest things are fascinating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recalls arriving home to Los Angeles after his release and noticing the trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I could just feel the oxygen as I’m breathing. I could just feel the difference compared to the desert I was living in [while incarcerated at Chuckawalla Valley State Prison, in the Mojave Desert]. I could smell everything. I could smell the roses, I could smell the gas, I could smell everything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, when Lucas went to prison in 1988, there were no smartphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know how you can tell the people that have been to prison?” he asks. “They walk around smiling and observing everything around them. The people that haven’t been to prison walk with their head down in their phone. It’s a shame.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11672087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11672087\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-800x958.jpg\" alt=\"Michael Lucas was released from prison in 2015, where he was serving a life sentence with parole for first-degree murder.\" width=\"800\" height=\"958\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-160x192.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-240x287.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-375x449.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Lucas2-520x623.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Lucas was released from prison in 2015, where he was serving a life sentence with parole for first-degree murder. \u003ccite>(Alexandria Mason/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lucas went into prison at age 20. When got out, he was 47. But he looks decades younger than his age. He doesn’t look like a man who spent most of his life in prison. Maybe because he spent years reading, becoming more spiritual, going to therapy, processing his regret over the murder. Eventually he became a mentor to other lifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was in prison for all that time, researching and trying to fix myself, I got my physical, mental and spiritual [sides] all healthy. I felt whole,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Lucas has spent more time in prison than as a free man. He finds that he’s actually most comfortable around other ex-cons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In no place can anybody who’s broken, cracked, fragile, put themselves back together by themselves,” says Lucas. “We’ve done it together. I’ve got some brothers that I’ve been doing time with and we’ve been growing, learning and teaching each other for 10 to 15 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucas hopes to start his own nonprofit transitional housing facility for recently released lifers, run by other former inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People that haven’t been to prison can’t teach another person how not to go back to prison,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thinks this kind of housing could help former inmates with issues like post-traumatic stress disorder, fostering positive relationships and maintaining personal vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He dreams of creating space for former lifers to share their testimonies in a safe, creative space, free from the judgment he feels when talking about his past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he knows that even outside the walls of prison, life will still be hard for him and former lifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For people that took the life of another human being, went through whatever cocoon-ish metamorphosis they went through, if they come out really grateful for life and remorseful for the damage they caused, the future is bright, but riddled with painful moments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced in collaboration with an advanced reporting class at the USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism. Students spent a semester examining what the California Dream means to Angelenos from different walks of life.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Rachel Kushner’s “The Mars Room” takes readers from a San Francisco strip club to a fictional women’s prison in the Central Valley largely based on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/CCWF.html\">Central California Women’s Facility\u003c/a> in Chowchilla. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Report Magazine’s Sasha Khokha spoke with Kushner in our San Francisco studio. Excerpts from the interview have been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On California as the setting for ‘The Mars Room’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I wanted to write a novel that was my take on contemporary times, and that also really reckons with the idea of being a Californian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In certain ways, even though the novel definitely processes and deals with some dark material, it’s really about the complexity of the state — the long stretch between L.A. and San Francisco, and what’s there in the Central Valley. So for me it is a kind of love letter to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On how both she and her main character, Romy, grew up in San Francisco’s Inner Sunset district, a largely working-class Irish-American neighborhood in the ’80s\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I went to public schools and so did all my friends. I wasn’t aware that there was this other San Francisco happening right alongside but not at all contiguous with our San Francisco. I didn’t know any people who went to private schools until I went to college. There was a lot of violence, just kind of a certain type of culture … I’m actually quite nostalgic for it in a way, but it had an intensity that may have been somewhat unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[The novel] was a way to recast or resuscitate that lost world. That San Francisco is very much gone, but for me, it’s one I turn to most immediately. It hasn’t been replaced for me by the new San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing into these spaces, like the old Pall Mall Bar on Haight Street, for instance, allowed me to remember things I hadn’t thought about in almost 40 years. … It was as if the process of writing conjured them into existence for me again.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On working with women prisoners\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I got involved with an Oakland-based human rights organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.justicenow.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Justice Now\u003c/a> whose board is in part — if not primarily — made up of people serving life sentences in the women’s facilities in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I became good friends with people and started corresponding with them and talking to them on the phone and, you know, they mentored me insofar as they taught me a lot about what their lives were like in prison. But a lot of the women in Chowchilla do not have supportive families or supportive anybody on the outside. There are certain people who call me who don’t have anyone else that they can call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671349\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671349\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-800x1208.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1208\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-800x1208.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-160x242.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-1020x1540.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-795x1200.jpg 795w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-1180x1782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-960x1449.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-240x362.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-375x566.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-520x785.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut.jpg 1838w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“The Mars Room” is Rachel Kushner’s third novel.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>On getting the details of prison life\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One friend, Teresa Martinez — who’s the first person I thank in the book — has immense knowledge of Chowchilla. She went there right when it opened. As she puts it, she “broke ground” on that prison and was there for 23 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she has this very specific and deep expertise of that place. And so part of culling all these details from her was valuing that knowledge and giving it life in the book.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On choosing a white narrator for a novel about life in a women’s prison\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I needed to construct a central character who I could understand in depth. I made her a girl from the Inner Sunset who grew up with these Irish kids in this world. These kids had no power at all, but they had this identity that’s very much a white identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I made her from that paradigm, and that gave me a range, and maneuverability and depth in terms of understanding her, that I don’t think I would have had if I tried to make a narrator who would typify who’s in the prison in Chowchilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, I do think that she is typical in a certain way. If you go to Chowchilla, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Reports_Research/Offender_Information_Services_Branch/Annual/Census/CENSUSd1306.pdf\">one-third white women\u003c/a>. So why would I feel I had to make the narrator a woman of color?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On ‘Orange is the New Black,’ which also features a white main character\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I haven’t seen the show. I don’t watch TV really, but also, I didn’t want to see it because I was worried I would accidentally take something from that show without realizing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’ve read some of the description of it. Some of the pushback is not really about [Piper Chapman]’s race, but the fact that she’s upper class. My narrator doesn’t have that kind of power. Also, [in the Netflix show], it’s a minimum-security federal facility. People are there for low-level drug crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m interested in the reality and the truth. In California, 90 percent of people in state prisons are there for what the state considers serious, violent felony convictions. I’m interested in those people, and their fate, and their predicaments, and caring about them in some radical, committed way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I do want to say one thing: I have asked formerly incarcerated friends what they think about it, and they all, to a person, love [Orange is the New Black].\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On feedback she’s gotten from incarcerated women about ‘The Mars Room’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I read it at \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/CIW.html\">California Institution for Women\u003c/a> [a women’s prison in San Bernardino County] in front of 60 incarcerated people. That was the most exciting night of my entire life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was just like high school at first, in the way that people throw a ton of attitude and try to intimidate you. But I’m used to that from growing up. And I was like, ‘OK, I’m going to charm these people.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I read this part about this guy sort of giving this woman obsessive unwanted attention because I thought maybe the women would identify with that. They loved it and they were laughing hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was saying, ‘Am I going to get in trouble for this?’ because there was a guard standing in the back of the room and they were like, ‘Girl, keep on going!’\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On what she learned about prison life\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>People in prison have to spend so much time in close quarters. And they have no privacy whatsoever. And also they lose what … sociologist Erving Goffman would call your “\u003ca href=\"https://granolagradschoolandgoffman.wordpress.com/2016/05/03/goffman-e-19611995-identity-kits/\">identity kit\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they can’t throw attitude or shade by the way that they look, their makeup … because all of that is stripped away from them. Everyone’s wearing the same clothes. … Your currency is your personality and your ability to perform. And so people are a cut above in terms of their ability to have presence and charisma, and to read other people. Being in a room full of individuals like that, it was very clear to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On writing about a woman who kills an abusive stalker, in light of the #MeToo Movement\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>That movement actually got its start after I was entirely finished writing this book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think somebody could make links between the book and a shifting set of dynamics between men and women, and maybe this recalibration that’s long overdue. It wasn’t really on my mind while I was writing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of [Romy’s] crime of murdering Kurt Kennedy, I don’t necessarily think she’s innocent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I wasn’t actually interested in writing about an innocent person. There’s a lot of focus on the idea of the wrongly accused, the relatively innocent, the low-level or nonviolent drug offender, etc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I really wanted to write about someone who seemed like people I’ve known. Everyone I know in prison has done the thing they’re convicted of. I still really want those people to have a chance to be rehabilitated, and to make a contribution to society.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Rachel Kushner’s “The Mars Room” takes readers from a San Francisco strip club to a fictional women’s prison in the Central Valley largely based on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/CCWF.html\">Central California Women’s Facility\u003c/a> in Chowchilla. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Report Magazine’s Sasha Khokha spoke with Kushner in our San Francisco studio. Excerpts from the interview have been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On California as the setting for ‘The Mars Room’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I wanted to write a novel that was my take on contemporary times, and that also really reckons with the idea of being a Californian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In certain ways, even though the novel definitely processes and deals with some dark material, it’s really about the complexity of the state — the long stretch between L.A. and San Francisco, and what’s there in the Central Valley. So for me it is a kind of love letter to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On how both she and her main character, Romy, grew up in San Francisco’s Inner Sunset district, a largely working-class Irish-American neighborhood in the ’80s\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I went to public schools and so did all my friends. I wasn’t aware that there was this other San Francisco happening right alongside but not at all contiguous with our San Francisco. I didn’t know any people who went to private schools until I went to college. There was a lot of violence, just kind of a certain type of culture … I’m actually quite nostalgic for it in a way, but it had an intensity that may have been somewhat unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[The novel] was a way to recast or resuscitate that lost world. That San Francisco is very much gone, but for me, it’s one I turn to most immediately. It hasn’t been replaced for me by the new San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing into these spaces, like the old Pall Mall Bar on Haight Street, for instance, allowed me to remember things I hadn’t thought about in almost 40 years. … It was as if the process of writing conjured them into existence for me again.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On working with women prisoners\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I got involved with an Oakland-based human rights organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.justicenow.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Justice Now\u003c/a> whose board is in part — if not primarily — made up of people serving life sentences in the women’s facilities in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I became good friends with people and started corresponding with them and talking to them on the phone and, you know, they mentored me insofar as they taught me a lot about what their lives were like in prison. But a lot of the women in Chowchilla do not have supportive families or supportive anybody on the outside. There are certain people who call me who don’t have anyone else that they can call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671349\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671349\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-800x1208.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1208\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-800x1208.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-160x242.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-1020x1540.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-795x1200.jpg 795w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-1180x1782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-960x1449.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-240x362.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-375x566.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-520x785.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut.jpg 1838w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“The Mars Room” is Rachel Kushner’s third novel.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>On getting the details of prison life\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One friend, Teresa Martinez — who’s the first person I thank in the book — has immense knowledge of Chowchilla. She went there right when it opened. As she puts it, she “broke ground” on that prison and was there for 23 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she has this very specific and deep expertise of that place. And so part of culling all these details from her was valuing that knowledge and giving it life in the book.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On choosing a white narrator for a novel about life in a women’s prison\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I needed to construct a central character who I could understand in depth. I made her a girl from the Inner Sunset who grew up with these Irish kids in this world. These kids had no power at all, but they had this identity that’s very much a white identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I made her from that paradigm, and that gave me a range, and maneuverability and depth in terms of understanding her, that I don’t think I would have had if I tried to make a narrator who would typify who’s in the prison in Chowchilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, I do think that she is typical in a certain way. If you go to Chowchilla, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Reports_Research/Offender_Information_Services_Branch/Annual/Census/CENSUSd1306.pdf\">one-third white women\u003c/a>. So why would I feel I had to make the narrator a woman of color?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On ‘Orange is the New Black,’ which also features a white main character\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I haven’t seen the show. I don’t watch TV really, but also, I didn’t want to see it because I was worried I would accidentally take something from that show without realizing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’ve read some of the description of it. Some of the pushback is not really about [Piper Chapman]’s race, but the fact that she’s upper class. My narrator doesn’t have that kind of power. Also, [in the Netflix show], it’s a minimum-security federal facility. People are there for low-level drug crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m interested in the reality and the truth. In California, 90 percent of people in state prisons are there for what the state considers serious, violent felony convictions. I’m interested in those people, and their fate, and their predicaments, and caring about them in some radical, committed way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I do want to say one thing: I have asked formerly incarcerated friends what they think about it, and they all, to a person, love [Orange is the New Black].\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On feedback she’s gotten from incarcerated women about ‘The Mars Room’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I read it at \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/CIW.html\">California Institution for Women\u003c/a> [a women’s prison in San Bernardino County] in front of 60 incarcerated people. That was the most exciting night of my entire life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was just like high school at first, in the way that people throw a ton of attitude and try to intimidate you. But I’m used to that from growing up. And I was like, ‘OK, I’m going to charm these people.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I read this part about this guy sort of giving this woman obsessive unwanted attention because I thought maybe the women would identify with that. They loved it and they were laughing hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was saying, ‘Am I going to get in trouble for this?’ because there was a guard standing in the back of the room and they were like, ‘Girl, keep on going!’\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On what she learned about prison life\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>People in prison have to spend so much time in close quarters. And they have no privacy whatsoever. And also they lose what … sociologist Erving Goffman would call your “\u003ca href=\"https://granolagradschoolandgoffman.wordpress.com/2016/05/03/goffman-e-19611995-identity-kits/\">identity kit\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they can’t throw attitude or shade by the way that they look, their makeup … because all of that is stripped away from them. 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There’s a lot of focus on the idea of the wrongly accused, the relatively innocent, the low-level or nonviolent drug offender, etc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown's administration is pushing a new strategy to reduce the amount of illegal drugs streaming into state prisons after an increase in inmates dying from overdoses in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's revised budget, unveiled earlier this month, includes a $13.8 million proposal to search everyone who enters and exits a Central Valley state prison all day, every day for the next two years, plus $3.6 million for an addiction treatment program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials say if the plan works at the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison at Corcoran (Kings County), they would expand it to other state lockups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal is moving quickly through the state Legislature despite criticism from some lawmakers and a leading inmate advocate that the plan is too narrow and includes far too little funding for addiction treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key prison official has acknowledged that the situation has become a crisis. At least 135 state inmates have died from drug overdoses in the last six years, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of fatal inmate overdoses has been increasing since 2014, when 15 prisoners died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, at least 38 inmates died and at least 750 prisoners overdosed but survived after medical intervention, according to CDCR. So far this year, 10 inmates have died after a suspected overdose.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>Fentanyl Blamed for Apparent Overdoses That Killed California Prisoner, Sickened Others\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665693/fentanyl-blamed-for-apparent-overdoses-that-killed-california-prisoner-sickened-others\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/MCSP-General-Population-Housing-Unit0013-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Drug problems in state prisons gained more attention in April when one inmate died and a dozen others were sickened at Mule Creek State Prison in Amador County after they were believed to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665693/fentanyl-blamed-for-apparent-overdoses-that-killed-california-prisoner-sickened-others\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">overdosed on fentanyl\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a span of one week earlier this month, two more inmates died from fentanyl-suspected overdoses, said Connie Gipson, CDCR deputy director of adult institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The opioid epidemic is real and it has not spared our prison population,\" Gipson told lawmakers at a budget subcommittee \u003ca href=\"http://senate.ca.gov/media/senate-budget-subcommittee-5-20180515/video\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hearing\u003c/a> on May 15. \"Inmates are overdosing and inmates are dying.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Governor's Proposal\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed pilot program, staff, volunteers and visitors would be searched or body-scanned before entering the Corcoran prison 24 hours a day, seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, state prison officials say, they don't search every person who enters corrections facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The funding would pay for close to 50 positions to do \"drug interdiction\" work and would include body, baggage and parcel scanners, more drug-sniffing dogs and vehicle searches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials say the proposal is a response to the increasingly aggressive ways illegal drugs are getting into state lockups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say drugs enter the prison system a variety of ways, via guards and visitors as well as in vehicles and the mail -- and even drones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since July 31, 2017, CDCR has documented 51 incidents involving drones that may have dropped drugs, cellphones and other contraband into a state corrections facilities, according to CDCR spokeswoman Vicky Waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new pilot project would include a $3.6 million expansion of substance abuse treatment work at the Corcoran facility that uses medications to help inmates suffering from opioid addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014 the agency put in place a two-year, $10.4 million pilot program that aimed to reduce drug flows in 11 state facilities. That work included body scanning machines, K-9 search teams and random drug testing. Funding for the pilot expired last year and was discontinued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials say that previous work was less effective because it was not staffed all day, every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it's used in a limited basis, something's going to not work,\" Waters said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lawmakers' Skepticism\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, who chairs the Senate's Public Safety Committee, told KQED recently that CDCR officials needed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11666434/top-state-lawmaker-california-prisons-must-do-more-to-reduce-inmate-drug-overdoses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">find new ways to prevent illegal opioids\u003c/a> from entering the prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner has expressed skepticism about the governor's proposal in particular because it focuses on only one prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>Top State Lawmaker: California Prisons Must Do More to Reduce Inmate Drug Overdoses\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11666434/top-state-lawmaker-california-prisons-must-do-more-to-reduce-inmate-drug-overdoses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS3937_IMG_4329-lpr-1028x771.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>During a budget subcommittee hearing on the governor's proposal, she pointed out that the Corcoran prison might not be seeing as many inmate overdoses as other state lockups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senator Jim Beall, D-San Jose, who also sits on the budget subcommittee that oversees prison spending, questioned why CDCR wants to spend so much more on preventing drugs from getting through the prison walls than on drug treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to do something to hit the demand side,\" Beall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot program aims to provide drug addiction treatment that includes medication for 50 people per year at the Corcoran state prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's almost next to nothing,\" Beall said. \"I have a hard time voting for such an imbalanced proposal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prison system has started \"medication-assisted treatment programs\" at two other state prisons, according to CDCR, which each treat about 50 inmates per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State prison officials say they are considering a new proposal to increase their drug treatment work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the concerns from Skinner and Beall, the Assembly and State Senate budget subcommittees on public safety both approved the proposal unanimously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives for Skinner and Beall did not respond to a request for comment on why they voted for the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inmate Advocate Calls for More Funding for Treatment\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not sure that the Legislature is taking the crisis that seriously,\" said Don Specter, executive director of the Berkeley-based Prison Law Office, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Beall, Specter says the plan does not call for nearly enough funding for drug treatment work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a drop in the bucket or a grain in the sand on the beach in relation to the problem that the state is facing,\" Specter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Prison Law Office has filed lawsuits that have led to a series of major reforms on issues like overcrowding, medical care and mental health care services at CDCR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specter says if the department doesn't move aggressively enough to deal with the prison drug crisis, his organization will consider legal action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The state has a moral, legal, constitutional and statutory obligation to keep the people in their custody safe. And at this point, they're not doing that,\" Specter said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown's administration is pushing a new strategy to reduce the amount of illegal drugs streaming into state prisons after an increase in inmates dying from overdoses in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's revised budget, unveiled earlier this month, includes a $13.8 million proposal to search everyone who enters and exits a Central Valley state prison all day, every day for the next two years, plus $3.6 million for an addiction treatment program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials say if the plan works at the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison at Corcoran (Kings County), they would expand it to other state lockups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal is moving quickly through the state Legislature despite criticism from some lawmakers and a leading inmate advocate that the plan is too narrow and includes far too little funding for addiction treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key prison official has acknowledged that the situation has become a crisis. At least 135 state inmates have died from drug overdoses in the last six years, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of fatal inmate overdoses has been increasing since 2014, when 15 prisoners died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, at least 38 inmates died and at least 750 prisoners overdosed but survived after medical intervention, according to CDCR. So far this year, 10 inmates have died after a suspected overdose.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>Fentanyl Blamed for Apparent Overdoses That Killed California Prisoner, Sickened Others\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665693/fentanyl-blamed-for-apparent-overdoses-that-killed-california-prisoner-sickened-others\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/MCSP-General-Population-Housing-Unit0013-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Drug problems in state prisons gained more attention in April when one inmate died and a dozen others were sickened at Mule Creek State Prison in Amador County after they were believed to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665693/fentanyl-blamed-for-apparent-overdoses-that-killed-california-prisoner-sickened-others\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">overdosed on fentanyl\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a span of one week earlier this month, two more inmates died from fentanyl-suspected overdoses, said Connie Gipson, CDCR deputy director of adult institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The opioid epidemic is real and it has not spared our prison population,\" Gipson told lawmakers at a budget subcommittee \u003ca href=\"http://senate.ca.gov/media/senate-budget-subcommittee-5-20180515/video\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hearing\u003c/a> on May 15. \"Inmates are overdosing and inmates are dying.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Governor's Proposal\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed pilot program, staff, volunteers and visitors would be searched or body-scanned before entering the Corcoran prison 24 hours a day, seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, state prison officials say, they don't search every person who enters corrections facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The funding would pay for close to 50 positions to do \"drug interdiction\" work and would include body, baggage and parcel scanners, more drug-sniffing dogs and vehicle searches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials say the proposal is a response to the increasingly aggressive ways illegal drugs are getting into state lockups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say drugs enter the prison system a variety of ways, via guards and visitors as well as in vehicles and the mail -- and even drones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since July 31, 2017, CDCR has documented 51 incidents involving drones that may have dropped drugs, cellphones and other contraband into a state corrections facilities, according to CDCR spokeswoman Vicky Waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new pilot project would include a $3.6 million expansion of substance abuse treatment work at the Corcoran facility that uses medications to help inmates suffering from opioid addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014 the agency put in place a two-year, $10.4 million pilot program that aimed to reduce drug flows in 11 state facilities. That work included body scanning machines, K-9 search teams and random drug testing. Funding for the pilot expired last year and was discontinued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials say that previous work was less effective because it was not staffed all day, every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it's used in a limited basis, something's going to not work,\" Waters said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lawmakers' Skepticism\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, who chairs the Senate's Public Safety Committee, told KQED recently that CDCR officials needed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11666434/top-state-lawmaker-california-prisons-must-do-more-to-reduce-inmate-drug-overdoses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">find new ways to prevent illegal opioids\u003c/a> from entering the prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner has expressed skepticism about the governor's proposal in particular because it focuses on only one prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>Top State Lawmaker: California Prisons Must Do More to Reduce Inmate Drug Overdoses\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11666434/top-state-lawmaker-california-prisons-must-do-more-to-reduce-inmate-drug-overdoses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS3937_IMG_4329-lpr-1028x771.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>During a budget subcommittee hearing on the governor's proposal, she pointed out that the Corcoran prison might not be seeing as many inmate overdoses as other state lockups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senator Jim Beall, D-San Jose, who also sits on the budget subcommittee that oversees prison spending, questioned why CDCR wants to spend so much more on preventing drugs from getting through the prison walls than on drug treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to do something to hit the demand side,\" Beall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot program aims to provide drug addiction treatment that includes medication for 50 people per year at the Corcoran state prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's almost next to nothing,\" Beall said. \"I have a hard time voting for such an imbalanced proposal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prison system has started \"medication-assisted treatment programs\" at two other state prisons, according to CDCR, which each treat about 50 inmates per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State prison officials say they are considering a new proposal to increase their drug treatment work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the concerns from Skinner and Beall, the Assembly and State Senate budget subcommittees on public safety both approved the proposal unanimously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives for Skinner and Beall did not respond to a request for comment on why they voted for the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inmate Advocate Calls for More Funding for Treatment\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not sure that the Legislature is taking the crisis that seriously,\" said Don Specter, executive director of the Berkeley-based Prison Law Office, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Beall, Specter says the plan does not call for nearly enough funding for drug treatment work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a drop in the bucket or a grain in the sand on the beach in relation to the problem that the state is facing,\" Specter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Prison Law Office has filed lawsuits that have led to a series of major reforms on issues like overcrowding, medical care and mental health care services at CDCR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specter says if the department doesn't move aggressively enough to deal with the prison drug crisis, his organization will consider legal action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The state has a moral, legal, constitutional and statutory obligation to keep the people in their custody safe. And at this point, they're not doing that,\" Specter said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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},
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"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
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