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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story originally published on July 18, 2019. Dutch Crunch is still delighting sandwich lovers around the Bay Area.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]ay you’re standing at a sandwich counter and ordering lunch. What kind of bread do you choose? Maybe sourdough, or wheat if you’re trying to be “good,” or — if you’re in the Bay Area — you might go with Dutch Crunch. It’s a pretty common find at sandwich shops and deli counters in San Francisco or Oakland … but get about 10 miles outside the Bay and that option disappears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]“It’s a very pleasant combination of a crunchy exterior and a soft, slightly sweet white bread on the inside,” says Jonathan Hillis of Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his fiancee, Lauren Alexander, originally from Austin, Texas and Boston respectively, stepped into the golden light of knowledge when they became Bay Area transplants and discovered Dutch Crunch at sandwich shops like Ike’s and Mr. Pickles. The couple were delighted with the texture and flavor.[aside postID='news_11401794,news_11679195' label='More Bread?']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It holds up to cheese, avocado, any of the kind of soft things that you put on a sandwich,” says Lauren, “And it has a nice bite, but it’s not too crunchy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with the revelation of discovery comes more questions. Where did it come from and why had they never heard of it before? So they turned to Bay Curious: “Where does Dutch Crunch bread come from?” ask Jonathan and Lauren. “How does everyone know about San Francisco sourdough, but not about the Bay Area’s best bread?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What makes it so dang good?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Local bread comes from local bakers, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.semifreddis.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Semifreddi’s \u003c/a>is a Bay Area institution. At their world headquarters in Alameda they’re turning out loads of loaves daily, including about 6,000 Dutch Crunch rolls. They let us into their huge, airy bakery to see what makes this particular bread unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2403-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 1: Rice flour, sugar, water, yeast, oil and salt are mixed together to make the Dutch crunch paste. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 1: Rice flour, sugar, water, yeast, oil and salt are mixed together to make the Dutch crunch paste. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 2: Rice flour topping is scooped into a pastry bag for application. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 2: Rice flour topping is scooped into a pastry bag for application. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762002\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2423-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 3: The topping is applied to the raw dough. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 3: The topping is applied to the raw dough. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762001\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2432-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 4: Finished Dutch crunch rolls. Look at that crackle!\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 4: Finished Dutch crunch rolls. Look at that crackle! \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The signature crunchy, crackly topping of a Dutch Crunch roll is the result of a special paste that’s applied to rolled dough while it rises. The topping ingredients are rice flour, water, sugar, yeast, oil and salt. All of those things get mixed together and then sit for a few minutes to let the yeast develop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2019/07/15/dutchcrunchpastebig.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Layering on that special paste.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the dough is poured into a large machine that portions out roll-sized pieces and rolls them along a conveyor line to the waiting hands of a bakery employee. They get a final hand-shaping before pastry bags are used to apply the topping mixture to each roll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they’re fully risen, they’ll go into the oven and emerge like beautiful crackly phoenixes from the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is it Dutch?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It seems to be. The earliest mention of a bread with a crispy, rice flour topping comes from the Netherlands in the early part of the 20th century. Over there they call it Tiger Bread (in Dutch: Tijgerbrood), which is a nod to the sort of stripy topping pattern. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ah.nl/producten/product/wi234164/ah-tijgerbrood-bruin-heel-vers-ingevroren\">It can still be found\u003c/a> there under that name and in some other countries, including the United Kingdom, where it is \u003ca href=\"https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-GB/products/261326837\">widely available\u003c/a> in sliced loaf, roll and large loaf forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https://media.giphy.com/media/dZLfyy5E2cb9L24szZ/source.gif\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the grocery chain Sainsbury’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/business-16812545\">renamed their version\u003c/a> “giraffe bread” at the suggestion of a 3-year-old girl who astutely pointed out the much closer resemblance in pattern to the long-necked ungulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How did it get here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to trace Dutch Crunch’s emergence in the United States, but it was first mentioned in newspapers from Eugene, Oregon, in the 1930s. In 1941, we get the first clear reference to what makes the bread special — the topping — in some enticing ads. Eventually the bread makes it way to California and the Bay Area, but the recipe changes. Instead of the rice flour topping giving Dutch Crunch its crunch, local bakers use sesame seeds, possibly in an effort to differentiate the California recipe from the Oregon version. However, by the 1970s the rice topping recipe becomes the dominant form in the Bay Area, and it really takes off from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why can’t you find it other places?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not impossible to find it outside the Bay Area, but it’s very uncommon. Just ask your relatives from exotic locations as close as Southern California and as far away as Pennsylvania.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 375px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11762210\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">They’re really missing out in Pennsylvania.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s no explanation why the secret of Dutch Crunch’s deliciousness hasn’t gotten out and gone viral. Some similar forms of bread are commercially available around the country, and a small number of sandwich shops appear to offer it as an option in Portland, but it appears most frequently in sandwich shops in the Bay Area. Maybe it’s better that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story originally published on July 18, 2019. Dutch Crunch is still delighting sandwich lovers around the Bay Area.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ay you’re standing at a sandwich counter and ordering lunch. What kind of bread do you choose? Maybe sourdough, or wheat if you’re trying to be “good,” or — if you’re in the Bay Area — you might go with Dutch Crunch. It’s a pretty common find at sandwich shops and deli counters in San Francisco or Oakland … but get about 10 miles outside the Bay and that option disappears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>“It’s a very pleasant combination of a crunchy exterior and a soft, slightly sweet white bread on the inside,” says Jonathan Hillis of Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his fiancee, Lauren Alexander, originally from Austin, Texas and Boston respectively, stepped into the golden light of knowledge when they became Bay Area transplants and discovered Dutch Crunch at sandwich shops like Ike’s and Mr. Pickles. The couple were delighted with the texture and flavor.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It holds up to cheese, avocado, any of the kind of soft things that you put on a sandwich,” says Lauren, “And it has a nice bite, but it’s not too crunchy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with the revelation of discovery comes more questions. Where did it come from and why had they never heard of it before? So they turned to Bay Curious: “Where does Dutch Crunch bread come from?” ask Jonathan and Lauren. “How does everyone know about San Francisco sourdough, but not about the Bay Area’s best bread?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What makes it so dang good?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Local bread comes from local bakers, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.semifreddis.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Semifreddi’s \u003c/a>is a Bay Area institution. At their world headquarters in Alameda they’re turning out loads of loaves daily, including about 6,000 Dutch Crunch rolls. They let us into their huge, airy bakery to see what makes this particular bread unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2403-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 1: Rice flour, sugar, water, yeast, oil and salt are mixed together to make the Dutch crunch paste. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 1: Rice flour, sugar, water, yeast, oil and salt are mixed together to make the Dutch crunch paste. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 2: Rice flour topping is scooped into a pastry bag for application. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 2: Rice flour topping is scooped into a pastry bag for application. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762002\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2423-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 3: The topping is applied to the raw dough. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 3: The topping is applied to the raw dough. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762001\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2432-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 4: Finished Dutch crunch rolls. Look at that crackle!\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 4: Finished Dutch crunch rolls. Look at that crackle! \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The signature crunchy, crackly topping of a Dutch Crunch roll is the result of a special paste that’s applied to rolled dough while it rises. The topping ingredients are rice flour, water, sugar, yeast, oil and salt. All of those things get mixed together and then sit for a few minutes to let the yeast develop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2019/07/15/dutchcrunchpastebig.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Layering on that special paste.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the dough is poured into a large machine that portions out roll-sized pieces and rolls them along a conveyor line to the waiting hands of a bakery employee. They get a final hand-shaping before pastry bags are used to apply the topping mixture to each roll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they’re fully risen, they’ll go into the oven and emerge like beautiful crackly phoenixes from the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is it Dutch?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It seems to be. The earliest mention of a bread with a crispy, rice flour topping comes from the Netherlands in the early part of the 20th century. Over there they call it Tiger Bread (in Dutch: Tijgerbrood), which is a nod to the sort of stripy topping pattern. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ah.nl/producten/product/wi234164/ah-tijgerbrood-bruin-heel-vers-ingevroren\">It can still be found\u003c/a> there under that name and in some other countries, including the United Kingdom, where it is \u003ca href=\"https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-GB/products/261326837\">widely available\u003c/a> in sliced loaf, roll and large loaf forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https://media.giphy.com/media/dZLfyy5E2cb9L24szZ/source.gif\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the grocery chain Sainsbury’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/business-16812545\">renamed their version\u003c/a> “giraffe bread” at the suggestion of a 3-year-old girl who astutely pointed out the much closer resemblance in pattern to the long-necked ungulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How did it get here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to trace Dutch Crunch’s emergence in the United States, but it was first mentioned in newspapers from Eugene, Oregon, in the 1930s. In 1941, we get the first clear reference to what makes the bread special — the topping — in some enticing ads. Eventually the bread makes it way to California and the Bay Area, but the recipe changes. Instead of the rice flour topping giving Dutch Crunch its crunch, local bakers use sesame seeds, possibly in an effort to differentiate the California recipe from the Oregon version. However, by the 1970s the rice topping recipe becomes the dominant form in the Bay Area, and it really takes off from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why can’t you find it other places?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not impossible to find it outside the Bay Area, but it’s very uncommon. Just ask your relatives from exotic locations as close as Southern California and as far away as Pennsylvania.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 375px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11762210\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">They’re really missing out in Pennsylvania.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s no explanation why the secret of Dutch Crunch’s deliciousness hasn’t gotten out and gone viral. Some similar forms of bread are commercially available around the country, and a small number of sandwich shops appear to offer it as an option in Portland, but it appears most frequently in sandwich shops in the Bay Area. Maybe it’s better that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "How Daly City Became One of the Most Densely Populated Cities in the Country",
"headTitle": "How Daly City Became One of the Most Densely Populated Cities in the Country | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>In Daly City, looking down a block of manicured lawns and “cookie cutter houses,” it’s easy to feel like you’re in the heart of suburbia. That’s why listener Nick Crescenzi was surprised when a few years ago he read that Daly City is one of the densest cities in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick, who works for the city’s parks and recreation department, wanted to know how this suburb, with its malls, cineplex and drive-through restaurants came to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2015/demo/p25-1142.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rank alongside places like Boston, Chicago and, yes, San Francisco\u003c/a>, in terms of the number of residents per square mile. According to a 2015 analysis of U.S. cities with populations over 100,000 people, Daly City is the 6th most densely populated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer leads to a history unknown to many who haven’t lived it, or to those who mistakenly choose to brush Daly City off like a B-side of a chart-topping single. And perhaps most importantly, the history shines light on some of America’s cruelest policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Smaller Lots but Lots of Them\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Daly City came to be densely populated for four main reasons, says Tatum Mothershead, director of economic and community development for Daly City: A relatively high percentage of land in Daly City is used for housing; on average, families in Daly City have more people in them than families in other places; the average lot size in Daly City is small; and lastly, the architecture of the homes that were built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of land used in Daly City for residential purposes is apparent to anyone who has driven through the city. If you’re driving on the freeway or staring out a BART window, hill after hill reveals itself, each one dotted with lines of houses, like cars on an endless train. Those rows of houses are said to have inspired Malvina Reynolds’ anti-conformity song, “Little Boxes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average lot size for a house in Daly City is well below that in the rest of San Mateo County. If you drive down Mission Street, through the neighborhood that long-time residents call “Top of the Hill” and take a left on any of the side streets, many of the houses you’ll see are either connected or within an arm’s length of one another. Most of those residences were built before World War II, and on lots around 2,500 square feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when Daly City expanded in the the post-World War II housing boom, Daly City’s parcel size stayed small, in large part because of the success of a housing developer named Henry Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For decades, a homeowners association enforced limits on the type of exterior changes that could be made to houses in Westlake, including what kind of trees could be planted. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The Henry Ford of Housing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Daly City owes \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/DUiay1VPHUw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">its founding to John Daly\u003c/a>, it owes its expansion to Henry Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Henry Doelger was a very smart man and he could see the World War II housing boom coming,” says Rob Keil, author of the book “Little Boxes: The Architecture of a Classic Midcentury Suburb,” which was also made into a movie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger built a lot of military housing — very quickly — in the Bay Area during World War II. He also built about 11,000 homes in San Francisco, largely in the Sunset and Richmond districts. There’s even a section deemed Doelger City, and Herb Caen, the former San Francisco Chronicle columnist, jokingly called the city’s western coast line “the white cliffs of Doelger.” But land in San Francisco was starting to be in short supply and Doelger was able to secure 1,350 acres of land just to the south of the city for a good price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/nsPO8-CXpM0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, Doelger aimed to build Westlake, a city unto itself, that would be affordable for first-time homebuyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From an economic standpoint, you obviously want to build as many homes on a piece of land as you can because you make money by selling homes,” says Keil. “However, he had to give people a reason to leave [San Francisco.]”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That reason for many customers was a yard and the opportunity to own a stand-alone house that didn’t share walls with the neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882845\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-800x423.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-800x423.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-160x85.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Westlake while under construction, near the intersection of Higate Drive and Southdale Avenue. The undeveloped area would become Westmoor High School. \u003ccite>(OpenSFHistory / wnp25.6643)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Westlake, Doelger gave people \u003cem>juuust\u003c/em> enough room for a lawn and a bit of privacy. But not much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lotting size attributed to the homes that Doelger built … was 3,300 square feet, which is still significantly smaller than what we’re seeing in other communities down the peninsula,” says Mothershead. The tendency toward smaller parcels was continued by developers like the Gellert Brothers who began building in Daly City after Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As decades passed and Bay Area wealth grew, houses and their yards did, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s pretty typical that some of our neighboring communities have lots that are 5,000 square feet or greater,” Mothershead said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But 40% of Daly City’s housing stock was built before 1950, before a super-sized McMansion was even something one might aspire to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882837\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A house in Daly City’s Westlake neighborhood. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The nickname “The Henry Ford of Housing” was given to Doelger because he created so many ways to streamline the building process, saving himself time and money. Those innovations, coupled with the small houses and yards, allowed Doelger to make high-quality houses that first-time buyers could afford … but that still made him a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger’s innovations ran the gamut, from process to plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting for trucks to be fixed could stall operations, so Doelger included a car repair shop in his operations. He built with redwood, but to keep costs down, he put his own lumber mill on what is now John Daly Boulevard. That mill would cut wood into pre-labeled components that were delivered straight to the worksites, where workers could start framing houses right away. Doelger even manufactured his own windows and doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882838\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882838\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-800x468.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-800x468.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1020x597.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-160x94.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1536x899.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-2048x1198.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1920x1124.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Today The Boulevard Cafe sits on the location where Henry Doelger built a former lumber yard to help streamline the construction of the Westlake subdivision. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The quest for efficiency carried into the floor plans that Doelger created. He was one of the first West Coast developers to use sheetrock, and because sheetrock came in 8-foot pieces, Doelger rarely incorporated ceilings that were taller than 8 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bathrooms shared walls with kitchens to centralize a house’s plumbing, a big cost cutter, says Keil. And the houses were “designed in such a way that they were easy to build.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those easy-to-build floor plans often put all of the living space upstairs while the downstairs remained open as a basement or a garage. That design, in turn, contributes to how Daly City became so densely populated (and to the city’s propensity for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13812554/how-daly-citys-filipino-mobile-dj-scene-changed-hip-hop-forever\">garage parties\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over time, people were finding that they could add habitable space at the ground floor level and they could do it for a very low cost,” says Mothershead. “You can drive by a modest-looking house in Daly City and, you know, it probably doesn’t look any different than a home you might see somewhere else that’s three bedrooms, two baths, but [in Daly City] you could easily have six bedrooms in that house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s space that families can use for bedrooms as they grow, or rent out for supplemental income.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A City Within a City\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Doelger’s vision for Westlake was much grander than what he had built before; he imagined a city within a city, and in many ways delivered on that idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a bank, there was a post office, there were grocery stores,” says Keil. “All the stuff was planned in advance so that the people who moved in right from the beginning had access to these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger planned for parks and schools, and an outdoor shopping mall, a novelty at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you lived out there, you were not in no man’s land,” says Keil. “You could go out and buy things you needed and not have to travel into San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, Daly City was getting noticed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ladies’ Home Journal magazine put it on its list of Top Ten Suburbs in America in 1975. Its schools were designed by architect Mario Ciampi and were featured in LIFE magazine. Community gatherings were held at the mall. Though many architects derided Doelger’s designs, his attention to detail shone through — and still does — when one walks through Westlake. The corner windows, slanted roofs, detailed facades — buyers loved it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>White\u003c/em> buyers that is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Westlake entry sign near Eastgate Drive and John Daly Boulevard. Black, Indigenous and other people of color were banned from owning houses in Westlake, as in most suburbs built during the post-World War II housing boom. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Discrimination by Law\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“The federal government required Doelger not only to refuse to sell homes to African Americans, but to put a clause in every deed that prohibited the owner from reselling to African Americans or renting to African Americans,” said Richard Rothstein, author of “The Color of Law,” on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101866675/from-historical-redlining-to-modern-day-discrimination-how-race-affects-homeownership\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of “The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America” is devoted to housing policy, with post-war housing developments like New York’s Levittown and Daly City’s Westlake serving as Rothstein’s evidence that federal policy — not personal preference or economic differences — is largely what segregated America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rothstein focuses on African Americans in his book, because in a lot of places, that’s who racial covenants and deeds specified. But in Daly City, and across the Bay Area, it wasn’t just African Americans who were excluded — it was anyone who couldn’t pass as white. That included Filipinos — who make up about 30% of Daly City’s current population — as well as Latinos and Asians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way someone like Doelger could have gotten the capital to build that subdivision was by going to the federal government and getting a guarantee loan,” said Rothstein. And that was true for almost any developer who wanted to build on a large scale at that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In “The Color of Law,” Rothstein discusses two attempts to build integrated housing developments in the Bay Area, one by the writer Wallace Stegner and the other by a local union. Both failed, Rothstein writes, as just about all attempts to build integrated housing did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other than architect and developer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11635574/how-joseph-eichler-introduced-stylish-housing-for-the-masses\">Joseph Eichler (the subject of another Bay Curious episode\u003c/a>), Keil doesn’t know of a housing developer who would sell to buyers of color. He adds that discrimination was so prevalent that even Willie Mays, the beloved Say Hey Kid, was barred from buying a house in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Racist policies not only kept families of color out of suburban neighborhoods like Westlake, they blocked families of color from one of the most consistent ways to build wealth in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882843\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daly City is said to have inspired the singer Malvina Reynolds to write “Little Boxes.” \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rothstein notes that white families that bought homes in the mid-20th century used their equity and earnings to great advantage: “They used it to send their children to college. They use that to take care of emergencies and they use it to bequeath it to their children, who [use it for] down payments for their own homes. African Americans were explicitly denied those opportunities by federal government, not by banks, but by federal government in the mid-20th century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, in 1968, the Fair Housing Act outlawed denying housing to someone based on their race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next week on the Bay Curious podcast, we’ll look into how Daly City went from a predominantly whites-only population, to having a thriving Filipino community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In Daly City, looking down a block of manicured lawns and “cookie cutter houses,” it’s easy to feel like you’re in the heart of suburbia. That’s why listener Nick Crescenzi was surprised when a few years ago he read that Daly City is one of the densest cities in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick, who works for the city’s parks and recreation department, wanted to know how this suburb, with its malls, cineplex and drive-through restaurants came to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2015/demo/p25-1142.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rank alongside places like Boston, Chicago and, yes, San Francisco\u003c/a>, in terms of the number of residents per square mile. According to a 2015 analysis of U.S. cities with populations over 100,000 people, Daly City is the 6th most densely populated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer leads to a history unknown to many who haven’t lived it, or to those who mistakenly choose to brush Daly City off like a B-side of a chart-topping single. And perhaps most importantly, the history shines light on some of America’s cruelest policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Smaller Lots but Lots of Them\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Daly City came to be densely populated for four main reasons, says Tatum Mothershead, director of economic and community development for Daly City: A relatively high percentage of land in Daly City is used for housing; on average, families in Daly City have more people in them than families in other places; the average lot size in Daly City is small; and lastly, the architecture of the homes that were built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of land used in Daly City for residential purposes is apparent to anyone who has driven through the city. If you’re driving on the freeway or staring out a BART window, hill after hill reveals itself, each one dotted with lines of houses, like cars on an endless train. Those rows of houses are said to have inspired Malvina Reynolds’ anti-conformity song, “Little Boxes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average lot size for a house in Daly City is well below that in the rest of San Mateo County. If you drive down Mission Street, through the neighborhood that long-time residents call “Top of the Hill” and take a left on any of the side streets, many of the houses you’ll see are either connected or within an arm’s length of one another. Most of those residences were built before World War II, and on lots around 2,500 square feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when Daly City expanded in the the post-World War II housing boom, Daly City’s parcel size stayed small, in large part because of the success of a housing developer named Henry Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For decades, a homeowners association enforced limits on the type of exterior changes that could be made to houses in Westlake, including what kind of trees could be planted. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The Henry Ford of Housing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Daly City owes \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/DUiay1VPHUw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">its founding to John Daly\u003c/a>, it owes its expansion to Henry Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Henry Doelger was a very smart man and he could see the World War II housing boom coming,” says Rob Keil, author of the book “Little Boxes: The Architecture of a Classic Midcentury Suburb,” which was also made into a movie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger built a lot of military housing — very quickly — in the Bay Area during World War II. He also built about 11,000 homes in San Francisco, largely in the Sunset and Richmond districts. There’s even a section deemed Doelger City, and Herb Caen, the former San Francisco Chronicle columnist, jokingly called the city’s western coast line “the white cliffs of Doelger.” But land in San Francisco was starting to be in short supply and Doelger was able to secure 1,350 acres of land just to the south of the city for a good price.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/nsPO8-CXpM0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/nsPO8-CXpM0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>There, Doelger aimed to build Westlake, a city unto itself, that would be affordable for first-time homebuyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From an economic standpoint, you obviously want to build as many homes on a piece of land as you can because you make money by selling homes,” says Keil. “However, he had to give people a reason to leave [San Francisco.]”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That reason for many customers was a yard and the opportunity to own a stand-alone house that didn’t share walls with the neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882845\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-800x423.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-800x423.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-160x85.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Westlake while under construction, near the intersection of Higate Drive and Southdale Avenue. The undeveloped area would become Westmoor High School. \u003ccite>(OpenSFHistory / wnp25.6643)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Westlake, Doelger gave people \u003cem>juuust\u003c/em> enough room for a lawn and a bit of privacy. But not much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lotting size attributed to the homes that Doelger built … was 3,300 square feet, which is still significantly smaller than what we’re seeing in other communities down the peninsula,” says Mothershead. The tendency toward smaller parcels was continued by developers like the Gellert Brothers who began building in Daly City after Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As decades passed and Bay Area wealth grew, houses and their yards did, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s pretty typical that some of our neighboring communities have lots that are 5,000 square feet or greater,” Mothershead said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But 40% of Daly City’s housing stock was built before 1950, before a super-sized McMansion was even something one might aspire to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882837\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A house in Daly City’s Westlake neighborhood. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The nickname “The Henry Ford of Housing” was given to Doelger because he created so many ways to streamline the building process, saving himself time and money. Those innovations, coupled with the small houses and yards, allowed Doelger to make high-quality houses that first-time buyers could afford … but that still made him a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger’s innovations ran the gamut, from process to plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting for trucks to be fixed could stall operations, so Doelger included a car repair shop in his operations. He built with redwood, but to keep costs down, he put his own lumber mill on what is now John Daly Boulevard. That mill would cut wood into pre-labeled components that were delivered straight to the worksites, where workers could start framing houses right away. Doelger even manufactured his own windows and doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882838\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882838\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-800x468.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-800x468.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1020x597.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-160x94.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1536x899.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-2048x1198.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1920x1124.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Today The Boulevard Cafe sits on the location where Henry Doelger built a former lumber yard to help streamline the construction of the Westlake subdivision. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The quest for efficiency carried into the floor plans that Doelger created. He was one of the first West Coast developers to use sheetrock, and because sheetrock came in 8-foot pieces, Doelger rarely incorporated ceilings that were taller than 8 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bathrooms shared walls with kitchens to centralize a house’s plumbing, a big cost cutter, says Keil. And the houses were “designed in such a way that they were easy to build.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those easy-to-build floor plans often put all of the living space upstairs while the downstairs remained open as a basement or a garage. That design, in turn, contributes to how Daly City became so densely populated (and to the city’s propensity for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13812554/how-daly-citys-filipino-mobile-dj-scene-changed-hip-hop-forever\">garage parties\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over time, people were finding that they could add habitable space at the ground floor level and they could do it for a very low cost,” says Mothershead. “You can drive by a modest-looking house in Daly City and, you know, it probably doesn’t look any different than a home you might see somewhere else that’s three bedrooms, two baths, but [in Daly City] you could easily have six bedrooms in that house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s space that families can use for bedrooms as they grow, or rent out for supplemental income.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A City Within a City\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Doelger’s vision for Westlake was much grander than what he had built before; he imagined a city within a city, and in many ways delivered on that idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a bank, there was a post office, there were grocery stores,” says Keil. “All the stuff was planned in advance so that the people who moved in right from the beginning had access to these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger planned for parks and schools, and an outdoor shopping mall, a novelty at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you lived out there, you were not in no man’s land,” says Keil. “You could go out and buy things you needed and not have to travel into San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, Daly City was getting noticed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ladies’ Home Journal magazine put it on its list of Top Ten Suburbs in America in 1975. Its schools were designed by architect Mario Ciampi and were featured in LIFE magazine. Community gatherings were held at the mall. Though many architects derided Doelger’s designs, his attention to detail shone through — and still does — when one walks through Westlake. The corner windows, slanted roofs, detailed facades — buyers loved it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>White\u003c/em> buyers that is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Westlake entry sign near Eastgate Drive and John Daly Boulevard. Black, Indigenous and other people of color were banned from owning houses in Westlake, as in most suburbs built during the post-World War II housing boom. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Discrimination by Law\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“The federal government required Doelger not only to refuse to sell homes to African Americans, but to put a clause in every deed that prohibited the owner from reselling to African Americans or renting to African Americans,” said Richard Rothstein, author of “The Color of Law,” on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101866675/from-historical-redlining-to-modern-day-discrimination-how-race-affects-homeownership\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of “The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America” is devoted to housing policy, with post-war housing developments like New York’s Levittown and Daly City’s Westlake serving as Rothstein’s evidence that federal policy — not personal preference or economic differences — is largely what segregated America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rothstein focuses on African Americans in his book, because in a lot of places, that’s who racial covenants and deeds specified. But in Daly City, and across the Bay Area, it wasn’t just African Americans who were excluded — it was anyone who couldn’t pass as white. That included Filipinos — who make up about 30% of Daly City’s current population — as well as Latinos and Asians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way someone like Doelger could have gotten the capital to build that subdivision was by going to the federal government and getting a guarantee loan,” said Rothstein. And that was true for almost any developer who wanted to build on a large scale at that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In “The Color of Law,” Rothstein discusses two attempts to build integrated housing developments in the Bay Area, one by the writer Wallace Stegner and the other by a local union. Both failed, Rothstein writes, as just about all attempts to build integrated housing did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other than architect and developer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11635574/how-joseph-eichler-introduced-stylish-housing-for-the-masses\">Joseph Eichler (the subject of another Bay Curious episode\u003c/a>), Keil doesn’t know of a housing developer who would sell to buyers of color. He adds that discrimination was so prevalent that even Willie Mays, the beloved Say Hey Kid, was barred from buying a house in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Racist policies not only kept families of color out of suburban neighborhoods like Westlake, they blocked families of color from one of the most consistent ways to build wealth in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882843\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daly City is said to have inspired the singer Malvina Reynolds to write “Little Boxes.” \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rothstein notes that white families that bought homes in the mid-20th century used their equity and earnings to great advantage: “They used it to send their children to college. They use that to take care of emergencies and they use it to bequeath it to their children, who [use it for] down payments for their own homes. African Americans were explicitly denied those opportunities by federal government, not by banks, but by federal government in the mid-20th century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, in 1968, the Fair Housing Act outlawed denying housing to someone based on their race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next week on the Bay Curious podcast, we’ll look into how Daly City went from a predominantly whites-only population, to having a thriving Filipino community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "The Beautiful Bay Bridge Frank Lloyd Wright Never Got to Build",
"headTitle": "The Beautiful Bay Bridge Frank Lloyd Wright Never Got to Build | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was first published on Jan. 25, 2018. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did you know the great American architect Frank Lloyd Wright wanted to build a bridge across the San Francisco Bay?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious question-asker Duncan Keefe of San Jose did. He studied architecture in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have been brilliant, and I think it would have been very influential — and possibly changed the course of how other bridges subsequent to it would have been designed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Lloyd Wright loved the San Francisco Bay Area. But you wouldn’t know it, because there just aren’t a lot of his buildings around here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seven or eight, depending on how you count them, including the houses,” says \u003ca href=\"https://art.stanford.edu/people/paul-v-turner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paul Turner\u003c/a>, a professor emeritus in architectural history at Stanford. He’s the author of “Frank Lloyd Wright and San Francisco,” a book that’s as much about the projects that \u003ci>didn’t\u003c/i> get built as the ones that did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Frank Lloyd Wright actually designed close to 30 projects for the Bay Area, and they include some of his most unusual and really amazing buildings,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642709\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11642709 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-800x992.jpg\" alt=\"Master architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, looking over his drawing of the Butterfly Bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"992\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-800x992.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-160x198.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-1020x1265.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-1180x1463.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-960x1191.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-240x298.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-375x465.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-520x645.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Master architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, looking over his drawing of the ‘Butterfly Bridge’. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of Gordon Peters/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Why did Wright’s proposals fail to get the go-ahead? A lot of times he was just dreaming too big (read: expensive) for the client. But that didn’t stop him from dreaming big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For example, his first skyscraper was designed for Market Street in San Francisco,” Turner says. “If there were some project that he found interesting, he would do the design and just hope that it would get built.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright never got the commission for a San Francisco skyscraper. Just as he never got a commission to design another Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was talk of a second span \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/thetake/article/Another-Bay-Bridge-70-years-of-absurd-crazy-and-12420536.php?t=8ed45000dc#photo-14668490\">almost as soon as the Bay Bridge was completed\u003c/a> in the 1930s. That’s right: Traffic was that bad, that early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1940s, Wright was competing for projects all across the country. Jaroslav Joseph Polivka, a San Francisco Bay Area engineer and fan of Wright’s, suggested he throw his hat in the ring for the proposed second Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642654\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11642654 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-800x337.jpg\" alt=\"Frank Lloyd Wright's proposed "Butterfly Bridge." It would have stretched between San Francisco and Oakland, somewhere south of the Bay Bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-800x337.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-160x67.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1020x430.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1920x810.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1180x498.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-960x405.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-240x101.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-375x158.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-520x219.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frank Lloyd Wright’s proposed ‘Butterfly Bridge.’ It would have stretched between San Francisco and Oakland, somewhere south of the Bay Bridge. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That was in 1949, and Wright would spend the last decade of his life trying to win over decision-makers in California. Essentially, he fell in love with his own proposal, which he called the “Butterfly Bridge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The structure had the form of a thorax and wings of a butterfly in reinforced concrete. It’s a beautiful sculptural form when you look at the drawings that he did of it,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Butterfly Bridge would have started on the San Francisco end of the bridge, at the terminus of Army Street, now Cesar Chavez. Long, curved, concrete arms stretch across the water toward Oakland, carrying six lanes of traffic and two pedestrian walkways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The literal centerpiece of the bridge: a hanging garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People driving across the bridge could pull off into this landscape park and enjoy the views from high above over the bay. It’s kind of a crazy idea that traffic going across the bay could stop and there would be enough room for parking and everything, but that was the idea,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZpPZVKMODqs]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea doesn’t sound too crazy to me. After all, the Golden Gate Bridge is a tourist destination as well as a throughput for traffic. The proposal for the Butterfly Bridge was received enthusiastically by the San Francisco press. But the state Assembly committee rejected the plan, influenced by consulting engineers dubious about the details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The engineers in Sacramento were able to say, ‘Well, it’s just not worked out in enough detail. We don’t think it’s going to work. It’s too radical,’ ” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be fair to the pencil pushers in the state Capitol, Turner adds we have to imagine how things looked back in the mid-20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was so unusual, was so radical, it was unlike any earlier bridge that had been designed,” he says. “And because Wright had not gotten a commission to do it, wasn’t being paid anything, they weren’t able to design the bridge in the kind of detail that would really be required, with all of the structural analysis and everything. That would have to come later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, they decided it wasn’t necessary, because a few years later people started talking about BART under the bay, and so that became the solution to this traffic problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright called that idea “suicidal,” which turns out to be an overstatement as the Transbay Tube is still going strong after nearly 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Wright died, and with it, serious thoughts of doing something with his plans. Especially after the new, expanded San Mateo Bridge opened in 1967.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642655\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11642655\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-800x448.jpg\" alt=\"The Bazett House in Hillsborough, drawing by Wright, 1939. This was one of the few Wright commissions that got built in the San Francisco Bay Area.\" width=\"800\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-800x448.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1020x571.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1920x1075.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1180x661.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-960x538.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-240x134.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-520x291.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bazett House in Hillsborough, drawing by Wright, 1939. This was one of the few Wright commissions that got built in the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>People still talk of building another bridge to span the bay. Just a few years ago, Sen. Dianne Feinstein and East Bay Rep. Mark DeSaulnier \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/18/you-say-you-want-a-new-bridge-or-2nd-bart-tube-heres-how-you-might-pay-for-it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">called for another bay bridge\u003c/a>, a so-called Southern Crossing south of the Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every now and then, people talk about an extra possible bridge and there’ll be stories in the newspapers. So it still captivates the imagination of the public because it is so beautiful,” Turner says, sighing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what does Duncan Keefe of San Jose think? Should we resurrect Frank Lloyd Wright’s Butterfly Bridge?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As much as I would have liked to see this bridge have been built, it was for a different time. These days, if we’re going to make any investment, it ought to be in getting trains across the bay, not cars. We have enough cars already, and you know, throwing more cars across the bay is only going to make the traffic situation on the Peninsula and in San Francisco even worse,” Keefe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was first published on Jan. 25, 2018. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did you know the great American architect Frank Lloyd Wright wanted to build a bridge across the San Francisco Bay?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious question-asker Duncan Keefe of San Jose did. He studied architecture in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have been brilliant, and I think it would have been very influential — and possibly changed the course of how other bridges subsequent to it would have been designed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Lloyd Wright loved the San Francisco Bay Area. But you wouldn’t know it, because there just aren’t a lot of his buildings around here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seven or eight, depending on how you count them, including the houses,” says \u003ca href=\"https://art.stanford.edu/people/paul-v-turner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paul Turner\u003c/a>, a professor emeritus in architectural history at Stanford. He’s the author of “Frank Lloyd Wright and San Francisco,” a book that’s as much about the projects that \u003ci>didn’t\u003c/i> get built as the ones that did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Frank Lloyd Wright actually designed close to 30 projects for the Bay Area, and they include some of his most unusual and really amazing buildings,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642709\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11642709 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-800x992.jpg\" alt=\"Master architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, looking over his drawing of the Butterfly Bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"992\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-800x992.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-160x198.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-1020x1265.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-1180x1463.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-960x1191.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-240x298.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-375x465.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-520x645.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Master architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, looking over his drawing of the ‘Butterfly Bridge’. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of Gordon Peters/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Why did Wright’s proposals fail to get the go-ahead? A lot of times he was just dreaming too big (read: expensive) for the client. But that didn’t stop him from dreaming big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For example, his first skyscraper was designed for Market Street in San Francisco,” Turner says. “If there were some project that he found interesting, he would do the design and just hope that it would get built.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright never got the commission for a San Francisco skyscraper. Just as he never got a commission to design another Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was talk of a second span \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/thetake/article/Another-Bay-Bridge-70-years-of-absurd-crazy-and-12420536.php?t=8ed45000dc#photo-14668490\">almost as soon as the Bay Bridge was completed\u003c/a> in the 1930s. That’s right: Traffic was that bad, that early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1940s, Wright was competing for projects all across the country. Jaroslav Joseph Polivka, a San Francisco Bay Area engineer and fan of Wright’s, suggested he throw his hat in the ring for the proposed second Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642654\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11642654 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-800x337.jpg\" alt=\"Frank Lloyd Wright's proposed "Butterfly Bridge." It would have stretched between San Francisco and Oakland, somewhere south of the Bay Bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-800x337.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-160x67.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1020x430.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1920x810.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1180x498.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-960x405.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-240x101.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-375x158.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-520x219.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frank Lloyd Wright’s proposed ‘Butterfly Bridge.’ It would have stretched between San Francisco and Oakland, somewhere south of the Bay Bridge. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That was in 1949, and Wright would spend the last decade of his life trying to win over decision-makers in California. Essentially, he fell in love with his own proposal, which he called the “Butterfly Bridge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The structure had the form of a thorax and wings of a butterfly in reinforced concrete. It’s a beautiful sculptural form when you look at the drawings that he did of it,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Butterfly Bridge would have started on the San Francisco end of the bridge, at the terminus of Army Street, now Cesar Chavez. Long, curved, concrete arms stretch across the water toward Oakland, carrying six lanes of traffic and two pedestrian walkways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The literal centerpiece of the bridge: a hanging garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People driving across the bridge could pull off into this landscape park and enjoy the views from high above over the bay. It’s kind of a crazy idea that traffic going across the bay could stop and there would be enough room for parking and everything, but that was the idea,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ZpPZVKMODqs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ZpPZVKMODqs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea doesn’t sound too crazy to me. After all, the Golden Gate Bridge is a tourist destination as well as a throughput for traffic. The proposal for the Butterfly Bridge was received enthusiastically by the San Francisco press. But the state Assembly committee rejected the plan, influenced by consulting engineers dubious about the details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The engineers in Sacramento were able to say, ‘Well, it’s just not worked out in enough detail. We don’t think it’s going to work. It’s too radical,’ ” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be fair to the pencil pushers in the state Capitol, Turner adds we have to imagine how things looked back in the mid-20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was so unusual, was so radical, it was unlike any earlier bridge that had been designed,” he says. “And because Wright had not gotten a commission to do it, wasn’t being paid anything, they weren’t able to design the bridge in the kind of detail that would really be required, with all of the structural analysis and everything. That would have to come later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, they decided it wasn’t necessary, because a few years later people started talking about BART under the bay, and so that became the solution to this traffic problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright called that idea “suicidal,” which turns out to be an overstatement as the Transbay Tube is still going strong after nearly 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Wright died, and with it, serious thoughts of doing something with his plans. Especially after the new, expanded San Mateo Bridge opened in 1967.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642655\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11642655\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-800x448.jpg\" alt=\"The Bazett House in Hillsborough, drawing by Wright, 1939. This was one of the few Wright commissions that got built in the San Francisco Bay Area.\" width=\"800\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-800x448.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1020x571.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1920x1075.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1180x661.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-960x538.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-240x134.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-520x291.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bazett House in Hillsborough, drawing by Wright, 1939. This was one of the few Wright commissions that got built in the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>People still talk of building another bridge to span the bay. Just a few years ago, Sen. Dianne Feinstein and East Bay Rep. Mark DeSaulnier \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/18/you-say-you-want-a-new-bridge-or-2nd-bart-tube-heres-how-you-might-pay-for-it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">called for another bay bridge\u003c/a>, a so-called Southern Crossing south of the Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every now and then, people talk about an extra possible bridge and there’ll be stories in the newspapers. So it still captivates the imagination of the public because it is so beautiful,” Turner says, sighing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what does Duncan Keefe of San Jose think? Should we resurrect Frank Lloyd Wright’s Butterfly Bridge?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As much as I would have liked to see this bridge have been built, it was for a different time. These days, if we’re going to make any investment, it ought to be in getting trains across the bay, not cars. We have enough cars already, and you know, throwing more cars across the bay is only going to make the traffic situation on the Peninsula and in San Francisco even worse,” Keefe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Looking for listening inspiration in these last days of 2020?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve taken a look at the KQED podcast shows — and the specific episodes — you listened to most this year, in the hope you might like to queue them up and discover for yourself what everyone enjoyed so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find these episodes anywhere you get your podcasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840548/the-racist-history-of-single-family-home-zoning\">‘Zoning Out’ \u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11841205\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 580px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11841205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/Before-After-Claremont.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"359\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The entrance to the Claremont neighborhood, then and now. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The single-family home is synonymous with the American dream. But that Norman Rockwell-esque image of a single home surrounded by a white picket fence comes with a loaded history. This episode of KQED’s newest podcast explores how when cities first created neighborhoods where only single-family houses were allowed, it was about more than separating homes from apartments; it was about separating white families from everyone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840548/the-racist-history-of-single-family-home-zoning\">Read the story instead\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/479/protesting-for-the-soul-of-america-the-new-civil-rights-movement\">‘Protesting for the Soul of America: The New Civil Rights Movement’\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/truthbetold\">Truth Be Told\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11822129\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11822129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Thousands of vehicles lined up at the Port of Oakland before departing to Lake Merritt on Sunday May 31, 2020 to take part in a caravan protesting the killing of George Floyd and other Black people at the hands of the police.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of vehicles lined up at the Port of Oakland before departing to Lake Merritt on Sunday, May 31, 2020 to take part in a caravan protesting the killing of George Floyd and other Black people at the hands of the police. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Millions took to the streets to protest the police killing of George Floyd and systemic racism that Black people are subjected to every day. Each week, Truth Be Told brings on board a “Wise One,” and this episode’s is Dr. Eddie S. Glaude Jr., chair of Princeton’s African American Studies department. He joined host Tonya Mosley to discuss the accumulation of grief, disregard and contempt for Black lives, parse out nationwide actions and to re-center Black joy and resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/479/protesting-for-the-soul-of-america-the-new-civil-rights-movement\">\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Read the story instead\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791667/what-are-those-grids-of-glass-in-the-sidewalk-and-why-are-they-purple\">What Are Those Grids of Glass in the Sidewalk — And Why Are They Purple? \u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11793400\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11793400\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1364\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Walking around San Francisco and Oakland, you’re likely to come across a grid of vault lights on the sidewalk. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/squeakymarmot/11915634055/\">Mike\u003c/a>/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Each week, Bay Curious dives into a question posed by a listener — and this episode was prompted by a San Francisco tour guide who noticed gem-like grids of glass embedded in the sidewalk on their travels. Spoiler: They’re there to project sunlight down into subterranean spaces, and they’re a kind of technology first used on ships as deck lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791667/what-are-those-grids-of-glass-in-the-sidewalk-and-why-are-they-purple\">Read the story instead\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"routes-Site-routes-Post-components-Post-components-PostTitle-___PostTitle__title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827531/how-we-got-here-part-1-the-great-risk-shift-from-companies-to-workers\">How We Got Here\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay\">The Bay\u003c/a> podcast\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828777\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828777\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1919\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1536x1151.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-2048x1535.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1920x1439.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Business owners have been chipping away at benefits in all kinds of sneaky ways since the late ’70s. \u003ccite>(Giselle Chow)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tens of millions of people in the U.S. are either out of a job or still working without meaningful protections, benefits or wage increases. And if something goes wrong, workers mostly have to figure it out on their own. In part one — the most-listened episode in this five-part series on labor — The Bay podcast looks at why the conventions of modern-day media have made it so hard for journalists to tell this story and unpacks how obscure laws have been used by managers and executives to weaken employee benefits like health insurance and retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11809275/coping-under-quarantine\">Coping Under Quarantine \u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/californiareportmagazine\">The California Report Magazine\u003c/a> podcast\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11808790\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11808790\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">How can Animal Crossing provide solace during quarantine? \u003ccite>(Ariella Markowitz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back in March, this episode examined the new direction many people’s lives had taken under shelter in place — which was, at that point, just a few weeks old. From interviewing residents of the same Oakland condo (at a distance) to lessons from Generation Z on making the best of virtual living and finding meaning through Animal Crossing, listen and cast your mind back to the earliest days of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"routes-Site-routes-Post-components-Post-components-PostTitle-___PostTitle__title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13874528/hennessy-pound-cake-long-commutes-and-filmmaking\">Hennessy Pound Cake, Long Commutes and Filmmaking\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/rightnowish\">Rightnowish\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851840\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11851840\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/DSC6268-1-1020x682-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/DSC6268-1-1020x682-1.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/DSC6268-1-1020x682-1-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/DSC6268-1-1020x682-1-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Danielle Thompson in front of a computer at Youth Beat. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few years ago, filmmaker Danielle Thompson and her family were evicted from their home in Oakland and moved to Pittsburg, a city 40 miles away. Using that experience as fuel, Danielle produced her first documentary film, “Displaced.” In this episode, Thompson talks to host Pendarvis Harshaw about her work, gentrification in Oakland and how she hoped her career would one day bring in enough financial resources to allow her to move back to her hometown.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/56268/how-learning-emotional-skills-can-help-boys-become-men\">How Learning Emotional Skills Can Help Boys Become Men \u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift\">MindShift podcast\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851793\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11851793\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Ashanti-Branch-emotional-intelligence-1020x568-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"568\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Ashanti-Branch-emotional-intelligence-1020x568-1.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Ashanti-Branch-emotional-intelligence-1020x568-1-800x445.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Ashanti-Branch-emotional-intelligence-1020x568-1-160x89.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashanti Branch, founder of Ever Forward-Siempre Adelante, listens intently to middle school boys at Academy of Alameda. \u003ccite>(Josh Egel/Ever Forward Siempre Adelante)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Ashanti Branch started the Ever Forward Club, he was a high school math teacher trying to figure out why the young men in his classes weren’t succeeding. He found they were craving what he desired as a kid, too — a safe place to be themselves, to show emotion, to get support without fear of judgment. This episode explores how Branch has made it his life’s work to support other educators to create spaces where boys can be vulnerable, share their feelings and feel supported by other boys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/56268/how-learning-emotional-skills-can-help-boys-become-men\">Read the story instead\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Discover the standout episodes that got podcast fans listening this year.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Looking for listening inspiration in these last days of 2020?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve taken a look at the KQED podcast shows — and the specific episodes — you listened to most this year, in the hope you might like to queue them up and discover for yourself what everyone enjoyed so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find these episodes anywhere you get your podcasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840548/the-racist-history-of-single-family-home-zoning\">‘Zoning Out’ \u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11841205\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 580px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11841205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/Before-After-Claremont.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"359\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The entrance to the Claremont neighborhood, then and now. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The single-family home is synonymous with the American dream. But that Norman Rockwell-esque image of a single home surrounded by a white picket fence comes with a loaded history. This episode of KQED’s newest podcast explores how when cities first created neighborhoods where only single-family houses were allowed, it was about more than separating homes from apartments; it was about separating white families from everyone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840548/the-racist-history-of-single-family-home-zoning\">Read the story instead\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/479/protesting-for-the-soul-of-america-the-new-civil-rights-movement\">‘Protesting for the Soul of America: The New Civil Rights Movement’\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/truthbetold\">Truth Be Told\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11822129\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11822129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Thousands of vehicles lined up at the Port of Oakland before departing to Lake Merritt on Sunday May 31, 2020 to take part in a caravan protesting the killing of George Floyd and other Black people at the hands of the police.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43492_029_KQED_Oakland_GeorgeFloydCaravan_05312020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of vehicles lined up at the Port of Oakland before departing to Lake Merritt on Sunday, May 31, 2020 to take part in a caravan protesting the killing of George Floyd and other Black people at the hands of the police. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Millions took to the streets to protest the police killing of George Floyd and systemic racism that Black people are subjected to every day. Each week, Truth Be Told brings on board a “Wise One,” and this episode’s is Dr. Eddie S. Glaude Jr., chair of Princeton’s African American Studies department. He joined host Tonya Mosley to discuss the accumulation of grief, disregard and contempt for Black lives, parse out nationwide actions and to re-center Black joy and resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/479/protesting-for-the-soul-of-america-the-new-civil-rights-movement\">\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Read the story instead\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791667/what-are-those-grids-of-glass-in-the-sidewalk-and-why-are-they-purple\">What Are Those Grids of Glass in the Sidewalk — And Why Are They Purple? \u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11793400\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11793400\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1364\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/11915634055_97bb3a859d_k-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Walking around San Francisco and Oakland, you’re likely to come across a grid of vault lights on the sidewalk. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/squeakymarmot/11915634055/\">Mike\u003c/a>/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Each week, Bay Curious dives into a question posed by a listener — and this episode was prompted by a San Francisco tour guide who noticed gem-like grids of glass embedded in the sidewalk on their travels. Spoiler: They’re there to project sunlight down into subterranean spaces, and they’re a kind of technology first used on ships as deck lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791667/what-are-those-grids-of-glass-in-the-sidewalk-and-why-are-they-purple\">Read the story instead\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"routes-Site-routes-Post-components-Post-components-PostTitle-___PostTitle__title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827531/how-we-got-here-part-1-the-great-risk-shift-from-companies-to-workers\">How We Got Here\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay\">The Bay\u003c/a> podcast\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828777\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828777\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1919\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1536x1151.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-2048x1535.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1920x1439.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Part_1_V2-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Business owners have been chipping away at benefits in all kinds of sneaky ways since the late ’70s. \u003ccite>(Giselle Chow)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tens of millions of people in the U.S. are either out of a job or still working without meaningful protections, benefits or wage increases. And if something goes wrong, workers mostly have to figure it out on their own. In part one — the most-listened episode in this five-part series on labor — The Bay podcast looks at why the conventions of modern-day media have made it so hard for journalists to tell this story and unpacks how obscure laws have been used by managers and executives to weaken employee benefits like health insurance and retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11809275/coping-under-quarantine\">Coping Under Quarantine \u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/californiareportmagazine\">The California Report Magazine\u003c/a> podcast\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11808790\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11808790\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/RS42272_90603170_3090742870936605_1544660669901570048_o-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">How can Animal Crossing provide solace during quarantine? \u003ccite>(Ariella Markowitz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back in March, this episode examined the new direction many people’s lives had taken under shelter in place — which was, at that point, just a few weeks old. From interviewing residents of the same Oakland condo (at a distance) to lessons from Generation Z on making the best of virtual living and finding meaning through Animal Crossing, listen and cast your mind back to the earliest days of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"routes-Site-routes-Post-components-Post-components-PostTitle-___PostTitle__title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13874528/hennessy-pound-cake-long-commutes-and-filmmaking\">Hennessy Pound Cake, Long Commutes and Filmmaking\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/rightnowish\">Rightnowish\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851840\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11851840\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/DSC6268-1-1020x682-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/DSC6268-1-1020x682-1.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/DSC6268-1-1020x682-1-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/DSC6268-1-1020x682-1-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Danielle Thompson in front of a computer at Youth Beat. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few years ago, filmmaker Danielle Thompson and her family were evicted from their home in Oakland and moved to Pittsburg, a city 40 miles away. Using that experience as fuel, Danielle produced her first documentary film, “Displaced.” In this episode, Thompson talks to host Pendarvis Harshaw about her work, gentrification in Oakland and how she hoped her career would one day bring in enough financial resources to allow her to move back to her hometown.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/56268/how-learning-emotional-skills-can-help-boys-become-men\">How Learning Emotional Skills Can Help Boys Become Men \u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift\">MindShift podcast\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851793\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11851793\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Ashanti-Branch-emotional-intelligence-1020x568-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"568\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Ashanti-Branch-emotional-intelligence-1020x568-1.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Ashanti-Branch-emotional-intelligence-1020x568-1-800x445.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Ashanti-Branch-emotional-intelligence-1020x568-1-160x89.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashanti Branch, founder of Ever Forward-Siempre Adelante, listens intently to middle school boys at Academy of Alameda. \u003ccite>(Josh Egel/Ever Forward Siempre Adelante)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Ashanti Branch started the Ever Forward Club, he was a high school math teacher trying to figure out why the young men in his classes weren’t succeeding. He found they were craving what he desired as a kid, too — a safe place to be themselves, to show emotion, to get support without fear of judgment. This episode explores how Branch has made it his life’s work to support other educators to create spaces where boys can be vulnerable, share their feelings and feel supported by other boys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/56268/how-learning-emotional-skills-can-help-boys-become-men\">Read the story instead\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Curious is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions with its Prop Fest series. Today, we’re sharing their guides to Propositions 16 and 17, which make big decisions on affirmative action and voting while on parole respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">For more on Bay Curious’ Prop Fest, click \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">\u003cstrong>here\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"disqusTitle": "Bored at Home? Try This Bay Area-Themed Activity Book!",
"title": "Bored at Home? Try This Bay Area-Themed Activity Book!",
"headTitle": "Bay Curious | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"443\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/9nJG0Ugjpxo\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Very Curious Activity Book\u003c/strong> is a free, print-at-home booklet full of games, puzzles, creative pursuits and more! We designed it to entertain people of all ages ... whether you're from the Bay Area or beyond. All you need to get started is a printer! If you don't have one of those, see our \u003ca href=\"#noprint\">alternative ideas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DoubleSided_Bay-CuriousActivityBook.pdf\" download>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11828341 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/doublesidedgraphic.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"519\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/doublesidedgraphic.jpg 732w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/doublesidedgraphic-160x237.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If you have a double-sided printer\u003c/h2>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Download the PDF for double-sided printers above and hit print.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fold pages horizontally, so that the front cover, \"A Very Curious Activity Book\" and back cover \"Get Creative\" are facing outward.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ta-da! You're done!\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got upside down pages? In your print settings, make sure your two-sided printing is set to the \"long-edge binding.\" This is the default for most printers.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/SingleSided_BayCuriousActivityBook.pdf\" download>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11828342 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/singlesidedgraphic.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"519\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/singlesidedgraphic.jpg 732w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/singlesidedgraphic-160x237.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If you have a single-sided printer\u003c/h2>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Download the PDF for single-sided printers above and hit print.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fold or staple the upper left corner. Our coloring spread is oriented sideways, so you might want to pull that page out and keep it separate.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>You're all set! Have fun!\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/KQEDpinwheel.pdf\" download>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11828361\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/pinwheel-copy-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/pinwheel-copy-1.jpg 732w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/pinwheel-copy-1-160x194.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Print the KQED pinwheel template\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You'll find instructions on how to assemble the pinwheel in the Activity Book. Be sure to jazz it up with colors and doodles!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Win Bay Curious stickers!\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSnap a photo with your completed pinwheel and send it to \u003ca href=\"mailto:baycurious@kqed.org\">baycurious@kqed.org\u003c/a>. Include your mailing address in the email. We'll send a free sticker pack to the first 20 people we hear from!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/stickerbanner.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"223\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11828365\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/stickerbanner.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/stickerbanner-160x45.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"noprint\">Don't have a printer?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A few ideas ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/BayCurious-NoPrint.pdf\">Open the activity book\u003c/a> on your phone and try these activities: Call a Friend, Transit Planning, Colorful Pinwheel, Scavenger Hunt: Plants, and Get Creative.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Search for \"printing services\" near you. Print shops, shipping centers and office supply stores typically offer reasonably priced printing.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ask a friend or neighbor to print for you and coordinate a no-contact handoff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Most libraries in the Bay Area remain closed because of the pandemic, but when they re-open, most offer printing services.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Listen and learn!\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Get a leg up on the Bay Delicious Crossword by listening to our collection of food stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed/playlist/5bEt60TfspXuw7jih8AESI\" width=\"800\" height=\"380\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allow=\"encrypted-media\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Answer Key\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bay Delicious Crossword\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11828391 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Bay-Curious2-solution.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Bay-Curious2-solution.png 541w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Bay-Curious2-solution-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Bay-Curious2-solution-470x470.png 470w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transit Planning\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Fill in the Letter\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nLOMBARD STREET\u003cbr>\nBARBARY COAST\u003cbr>\nABSTRACT ART\u003cbr>\nBREAKFAST BURRITO\u003cbr>\nBAREFOOT\u003cbr>\nBARTENDER\u003cbr>\nBRAGGING RIGHTS\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bridge Scramble\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nGOLDEN GATE\u003cbr>\nDUMBARTON\u003cbr>\nCARQUINEZ\u003cbr>\nANTIOCH\u003cbr>\nSAN MATEO\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"description": "A Very Curious Activity Book is a free, print-at-home booklet full of games, puzzles, creative pursuits and more! We designed it to entertain people of all ages ... whether you're from the Bay Area or beyond. All you need to get started is a printer! If you don't have one of those, see our alternative",
"title": "Bored at Home? Try This Bay Area-Themed Activity Book! | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"443\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/9nJG0Ugjpxo\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Very Curious Activity Book\u003c/strong> is a free, print-at-home booklet full of games, puzzles, creative pursuits and more! We designed it to entertain people of all ages ... whether you're from the Bay Area or beyond. All you need to get started is a printer! If you don't have one of those, see our \u003ca href=\"#noprint\">alternative ideas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DoubleSided_Bay-CuriousActivityBook.pdf\" download>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11828341 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/doublesidedgraphic.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"519\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/doublesidedgraphic.jpg 732w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/doublesidedgraphic-160x237.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If you have a double-sided printer\u003c/h2>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Download the PDF for double-sided printers above and hit print.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fold pages horizontally, so that the front cover, \"A Very Curious Activity Book\" and back cover \"Get Creative\" are facing outward.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ta-da! You're done!\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got upside down pages? In your print settings, make sure your two-sided printing is set to the \"long-edge binding.\" This is the default for most printers.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/SingleSided_BayCuriousActivityBook.pdf\" download>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11828342 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/singlesidedgraphic.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"519\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/singlesidedgraphic.jpg 732w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/singlesidedgraphic-160x237.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If you have a single-sided printer\u003c/h2>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Download the PDF for single-sided printers above and hit print.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fold or staple the upper left corner. Our coloring spread is oriented sideways, so you might want to pull that page out and keep it separate.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>You're all set! Have fun!\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/KQEDpinwheel.pdf\" download>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11828361\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/pinwheel-copy-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/pinwheel-copy-1.jpg 732w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/pinwheel-copy-1-160x194.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Print the KQED pinwheel template\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You'll find instructions on how to assemble the pinwheel in the Activity Book. Be sure to jazz it up with colors and doodles!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Win Bay Curious stickers!\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSnap a photo with your completed pinwheel and send it to \u003ca href=\"mailto:baycurious@kqed.org\">baycurious@kqed.org\u003c/a>. Include your mailing address in the email. We'll send a free sticker pack to the first 20 people we hear from!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/stickerbanner.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"223\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11828365\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/stickerbanner.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/stickerbanner-160x45.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"noprint\">Don't have a printer?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A few ideas ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/BayCurious-NoPrint.pdf\">Open the activity book\u003c/a> on your phone and try these activities: Call a Friend, Transit Planning, Colorful Pinwheel, Scavenger Hunt: Plants, and Get Creative.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Search for \"printing services\" near you. Print shops, shipping centers and office supply stores typically offer reasonably priced printing.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ask a friend or neighbor to print for you and coordinate a no-contact handoff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Most libraries in the Bay Area remain closed because of the pandemic, but when they re-open, most offer printing services.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Listen and learn!\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Get a leg up on the Bay Delicious Crossword by listening to our collection of food stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed/playlist/5bEt60TfspXuw7jih8AESI\" width=\"800\" height=\"380\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allow=\"encrypted-media\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Prom? Canceled. Graduation? Canceled. High Schoolers Share Their Worlds With Us",
"headTitle": "Prom? Canceled. Graduation? Canceled. High Schoolers Share Their Worlds With Us | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Spring has an expectant air to it. The weather is getting warmer, the flowers are in bloom, everything is still green. I savor this time as an adult, but as a student, spring meant so much more. It meant the end of the school year was approaching, and for seniors, it meant the start of a whole new phase of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus has made it a weird spring for everyone, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/youthtakeover\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">young people may be feeling it more strongly\u003c/a>. Bay Area schools won’t be holding in-person classes for the rest of the school year, which means lots of seniors are finishing out their high school careers online. They aren’t going to prom, signing yearbooks, sharing the news of college acceptances with friends and teachers in person, or even walking across the graduation stage in front of their family and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked four students at schools around the Bay Area to record regular audio updates about how they’ve been feeling and what they’ve been doing over the past eight weeks. This week’s Bay Curious episode is dedicated to their voices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>Taila Lee\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11816763\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11816763\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"High school senior Taila Lee holds her prom dress at her home in San Carlos on April 4, 2020.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">High school senior Taila Lee holds her prom dress at her home in San Carlos on April 4, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’m Taila Lee. I’m a senior at Woodside High School. I’m still taking a lot of time to adjust to online learning. This is only day 3 and I already feel a little bit behind. I think I’m really missing the structure of the school day. I’m also really missing face-to-face instruction and that social interaction with teachers and classmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s Tuesday, March 31 and just about two hours ago I found out I’m not going back to school. We’re continuing online learning for the rest of the year, until June. And that means March 13 was the last day of my senior year. And I’m really sad. I’m not going to be able to go prom. I’m not going to sign yearbooks with my friends. I’m not going to hug people goodbye at graduation, take photos. My first semester of college might even be online, which is really crazy to think about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>Qadir Scott\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11816764\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11816764\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Qadir Scott, a senior at Oakland Tech, in Alameda on April 6, 2020.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Qadir Scott, a senior at Oakland Tech, in Alameda on April 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is Qadir Scott. I’m a senior at Oakland Tech. A big thing with me, I listen to this band called \u003ca href=\"https://badbrains.com/\">Bad Brains\u003c/a>. Something they talk about is keeping that PMA. That’s positive mind and attitude. PMA. Control everything that you can control, you know. Everything else will kind of play out, but if you keep that positive attitude and mindset, you can achieve anything. That’s how I see it. That’s exactly how I’m thinking about it right now. Make the best out of it. The way I see it is like, class of 2020, the corona class, COVID-19. We’re part of a bigger moment in history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to Morehouse [College] in the fall. I’m excited about that. But we’re going to do online school, I’m pretty sure, for the first month or two. I don’t really know how to feel about that. It kinda sucks because you kinda want to just jump right into your college experience. But it might make it easier, who knows. I’m kinda just playing it by ear, again trying to keep a positive mind attitude.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>Genevieve Schweitzer\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11816765\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11816765\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Genevieve Schweitzer, a junior in high school, plays the flute in her backyard on April 6, 2020.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Genevieve Schweitzer, a junior in high school, plays the flute in her backyard on April 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My name is Genevieve Schweitzer. I’m a junior at El Cerrito High School and I’m doing fine. I just miss my friends and doing normal things. It’s day 8. I’m sitting on my bed, basically in the position I’ve been in all day. I’m just thinking about all the things that have been canceled. Like concerts and trips to Disneyland with my band that we were planning, and prom. I already have my prom dress and it’s just hanging in my closet looking sad. But there’s definitely worse things going on right now so I don’t feel like I can complain too much.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just got back from the school. They opened it for one afternoon so we could come get our stuff from our lockers and check out textbooks and things like that. There was a security guard sitting out front with hand sanitizer and wipes and you had to tell them where you were going and why. I didn’t expect it to feel so sad to see the school so empty and to be back. I already had my last day as a junior in high school. And when I come back, I’m going to be a senior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>Julisa Gomez Reyes\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11816766\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11816766\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Julisa Gomez Reyes, a high school junior, at her home in San Jose on April 6.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Julisa Gomez Reyes, a high school junior, at her home in San Jose on April 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My name is Julisa Reyes Gomez. I’m a junior at Independence High School in San Jose. I miss school. I miss my friends. I miss my teachers. I miss the classroom. And this is something that I never thought I would be saying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My sleep schedule is really bad right now. The nights are where I’m awake and during the day I’m asleep. And I’m trying to fix that, especially with my family, we’re all doing it. My mom’s out of a job and we just don’t want to do anything because, I don’t know, we can’t go out and we’re usually a quiet family so it’s very difficult to get anything done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read and listen to more student perspectives as part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/youthtakeover\">KQED’s Youth Takeover 2020\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Spring has an expectant air to it. The weather is getting warmer, the flowers are in bloom, everything is still green. I savor this time as an adult, but as a student, spring meant so much more. It meant the end of the school year was approaching, and for seniors, it meant the start of a whole new phase of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus has made it a weird spring for everyone, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/youthtakeover\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">young people may be feeling it more strongly\u003c/a>. Bay Area schools won’t be holding in-person classes for the rest of the school year, which means lots of seniors are finishing out their high school careers online. They aren’t going to prom, signing yearbooks, sharing the news of college acceptances with friends and teachers in person, or even walking across the graduation stage in front of their family and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked four students at schools around the Bay Area to record regular audio updates about how they’ve been feeling and what they’ve been doing over the past eight weeks. This week’s Bay Curious episode is dedicated to their voices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>Taila Lee\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11816763\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11816763\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"High school senior Taila Lee holds her prom dress at her home in San Carlos on April 4, 2020.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43075_010_KQED_BayCurious_TailaLee_05042020-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">High school senior Taila Lee holds her prom dress at her home in San Carlos on April 4, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’m Taila Lee. I’m a senior at Woodside High School. I’m still taking a lot of time to adjust to online learning. This is only day 3 and I already feel a little bit behind. I think I’m really missing the structure of the school day. I’m also really missing face-to-face instruction and that social interaction with teachers and classmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s Tuesday, March 31 and just about two hours ago I found out I’m not going back to school. We’re continuing online learning for the rest of the year, until June. And that means March 13 was the last day of my senior year. And I’m really sad. I’m not going to be able to go prom. I’m not going to sign yearbooks with my friends. I’m not going to hug people goodbye at graduation, take photos. My first semester of college might even be online, which is really crazy to think about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>Qadir Scott\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11816764\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11816764\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Qadir Scott, a senior at Oakland Tech, in Alameda on April 6, 2020.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43093_010_KQED_BayCurious_QadirScott_05062020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Qadir Scott, a senior at Oakland Tech, in Alameda on April 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is Qadir Scott. I’m a senior at Oakland Tech. A big thing with me, I listen to this band called \u003ca href=\"https://badbrains.com/\">Bad Brains\u003c/a>. Something they talk about is keeping that PMA. That’s positive mind and attitude. PMA. Control everything that you can control, you know. Everything else will kind of play out, but if you keep that positive attitude and mindset, you can achieve anything. That’s how I see it. That’s exactly how I’m thinking about it right now. Make the best out of it. The way I see it is like, class of 2020, the corona class, COVID-19. We’re part of a bigger moment in history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to Morehouse [College] in the fall. I’m excited about that. But we’re going to do online school, I’m pretty sure, for the first month or two. I don’t really know how to feel about that. It kinda sucks because you kinda want to just jump right into your college experience. But it might make it easier, who knows. I’m kinda just playing it by ear, again trying to keep a positive mind attitude.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>Genevieve Schweitzer\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11816765\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11816765\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Genevieve Schweitzer, a junior in high school, plays the flute in her backyard on April 6, 2020.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43080_005_KQED_BayCurious_GenevieveSchweitzer_05062020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Genevieve Schweitzer, a junior in high school, plays the flute in her backyard on April 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My name is Genevieve Schweitzer. I’m a junior at El Cerrito High School and I’m doing fine. I just miss my friends and doing normal things. It’s day 8. I’m sitting on my bed, basically in the position I’ve been in all day. I’m just thinking about all the things that have been canceled. Like concerts and trips to Disneyland with my band that we were planning, and prom. I already have my prom dress and it’s just hanging in my closet looking sad. But there’s definitely worse things going on right now so I don’t feel like I can complain too much.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just got back from the school. They opened it for one afternoon so we could come get our stuff from our lockers and check out textbooks and things like that. There was a security guard sitting out front with hand sanitizer and wipes and you had to tell them where you were going and why. I didn’t expect it to feel so sad to see the school so empty and to be back. I already had my last day as a junior in high school. And when I come back, I’m going to be a senior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>Julisa Gomez Reyes\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11816766\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11816766\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Julisa Gomez Reyes, a high school junior, at her home in San Jose on April 6.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS43096_003_KQED_BayCurious_Julisa_05062020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Julisa Gomez Reyes, a high school junior, at her home in San Jose on April 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My name is Julisa Reyes Gomez. I’m a junior at Independence High School in San Jose. I miss school. I miss my friends. I miss my teachers. I miss the classroom. And this is something that I never thought I would be saying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My sleep schedule is really bad right now. The nights are where I’m awake and during the day I’m asleep. And I’m trying to fix that, especially with my family, we’re all doing it. My mom’s out of a job and we just don’t want to do anything because, I don’t know, we can’t go out and we’re usually a quiet family so it’s very difficult to get anything done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read and listen to more student perspectives as part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/youthtakeover\">KQED’s Youth Takeover 2020\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "In a Changing City, How Does the Tenderloin Stay the Same?",
"headTitle": "In a Changing City, How Does the Tenderloin Stay the Same? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story first ran in 2018 and was republished February 2020. We’ve included an update at the bottom.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s Tenderloin neighborhood is bordered by some of the wealthiest neighborhoods in the city, yet, it has a bad reputation. Tourists are told to avoid the area. You can often see drug dealing out in the open and garbage on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up we always knew the Tenderloin’s kind of a more seedy place,” said this week’s question asker, Vy Nguyen, who we first spoke with in 2018. She’s lived in the Bay Area since she was a kid, but three years ago she moved to an apartment on the edge of the Tenderloin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, she’s gotten to know her new neighborhood. She loves the Vietnamese food, and she volunteers, serving the poor and homeless at St. Anthony’s. But she’s noticed one big thing: While the rest of San Francisco is getting fancier and more expensive, that isn’t really the case in the Tenderloin. There are a few new hip coffee shops and young people moving into the area, she said, but for the most part it hasn’t developed like the rest of the city. Nguyen wants to know why.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Why is the Tenderloin so resistant to gentrification when the rest of San Francisco isn’t?’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665590\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2014px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM.png\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665590 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2014\" height=\"1054\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM.png 2014w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-160x84.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-800x419.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-1020x534.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-1200x628.png 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-1920x1005.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-1180x618.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-960x502.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-240x126.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-375x196.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-520x272.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2014px) 100vw, 2014px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Tenderloin borders as defined by Coates.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To answer the question, Nguyen and I took a tour of the Tenderloin with Pam Coates — a long-time resident who now leads \u003ca href=\"http://www.tlwalkingtours.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tenderloin Walking Tours\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the borders of the Tenderloin are generally agreed upon, not everyone defines the neighborhood the same way. “It’s nebulous,” Coates said. “I mean the Hilton up there is in the Tenderloin, but it calls itself the Union Square Hilton.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand the Tenderloin now, we first have to understand what it was like before.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How the Tenderloin of the past became the Tenderloin of today\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When prospectors and immigrants came to San Francisco in the 1800s, they started to develop the Tenderloin and nearby Chinatown, because they were flat. “The rich guys went up the hill, like they do, you know,” Coates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood quickly became known as an entertainment district — of both the legal and illegal kind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the Gold Rush, the Tenderloin was the spot to spend your money on a night out: at brothels, theaters, restaurants and hotels. After the earthquake in 1906, many of the modern hotels were rebuilt closer to Union Square, but for decades visitors still flocked to the Tenderloin’s speakeasies, jazz clubs, billiard halls and especially the gambling parlors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665957\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/sfplsanfranciscohistoricalphotographcollection/8000928739/\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665957 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"841\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-160x131.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-800x657.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-1020x838.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-960x788.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-240x197.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-375x308.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-520x427.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Black Hawk on the corner of Turk and Hyde, the day after a raid for violation of liquor law in 1961. Front entrance has sign posted “Young Adults Under 21 Please Use 216 Hyde Entrance.” (SAN FRANCISCO HISTORY CENTER, SAN FRANCISCO PUBLIC LIBRARY) \u003ccite>(SAN FRANCISCO HISTORY CENTER, SAN FRANCISCO PUBLIC LIBRARY)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The Tenderloin from 1907 into the ’50s, was one of the most prosperous San Francisco neighborhoods,” said Randy Shaw, who has worked in the neighborhood since founding the \u003ca href=\"https://www.thclinic.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tenderloin Housing Clinic\u003c/a> in 1980. He also wrote \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Tenderloin.html?id=r5bTrQEACAAJ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“The Tenderloin: Sex, Crime, and Resistance in the Heart of San Francisco.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People came to the movie theaters in mid-Market, and then they ate dinner or went to the bars in the Tenderloin,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, in the middle of the 20th century, the movie industry collapsed in San Francisco, gutting the mid-Market area. Famous recording studios closed. And in the late 1950s, the city started cracking down on the Tenderloin’s \u003cem>quasi-legal\u003c/em> businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“City Hall intentionally wrecked the Tenderloin. They eliminated our gambling operation, which they had to do. They changed our street configuration. They took away our cable cars,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without foot traffic or businesses, crime and drug dealing filled the void, and the Tenderloin became a pass-through neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything was geared to ‘how do we get people to Union Square, and we don’t care what happens between Union Square and the Civic Center,’ ” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NE6PpolDjvQ\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A New Beginning\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But many of the residents found a community in this ignored neighborhood. In the 1960s and ’70s, the Tenderloin was a haven for gay and lesbian San Franciscans. They supported each other and started to speak out to gain political recognition. \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-WASW9dRBU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The riot at Compton’s Cafeteria in 1966\u003c/a> started when a police officer attempted to arrest a drag queen — predating the Stonewall riots in Manhattan in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people who couldn’t find a home elsewhere found affordable housing in the Tenderloin’s old hotels that had long ago been repurposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People started renting them out to low-income people, or people who needed a week’s rent, so they became sort of low-income housing,” Coates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nine years, Coates lived in an SRO — a single-room occupancy residential hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a room, usually with a shared bathroom, and little washbasin in it, and that’s it. No cooking facilities. You have to sort of make your own,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, these SROs define the neighborhood. They might not be the nicest places and can sometimes have \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/files/opp/SFDPH-SROHIA-FinalDraftv3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">health and safety risks\u003c/a>, but they often offer a second chance for recovering addicts, domestic abuse survivors and people getting off the streets — people like Coates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was on the street for 10 months. I’m a domestic violence survivor, but I had a good worker at the general assistance office, and I was a good worker. I got into the Tenderloin SRO, the Tenderloin Housing Clinic,” she said. “So that’s how I found peace. This neighborhood offers that. It’s new beginnings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That “new beginning” was what residents found themselves wanting to save — even if it had its problems. Tenderloin residents saw how redevelopment changed the Western Addition and Yerba Buena neighborhoods in the 1960s and ’70s and worried they would be next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the 1980s, they started to organize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Tenderloin is really a model for how communities across the country can stop gentrification,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665534\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 5760px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665534 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"5760\" height=\"3840\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO.jpg 5760w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 5760px) 100vw, 5760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A resident in his SRO at the Boyd Hotel. (Samantha Shanahan/KQED) \u003ccite>(Samantha Shanahan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 22px;font-weight: bold\">What We Talk About When We Talk About Gentrification\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do we mean by “gentrification?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the word means a lot of things to a lot of people, for our purposes here, we’re focusing on the cost of housing and the residents’ ability to stay in their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in terms of housing, the Tenderloin is \u003cem>relatively\u003c/em> affordable. \u003ca href=\"https://www.zumper.com/blog/2017/12/san-francisco-neighborhood-prices-mapped-this-winter-2017/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">According to the rental website Zumper\u003c/a>, the median one-bedroom in the Tenderloin cost $2,345 to rent this past winter. The median price for the city overall was significantly more: $3,390.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A rent-controlled SRO can cost as little as $200 to 300 per month. (Though that would be a \u003cem>find\u003c/em>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-bedroom apartments, studios and SROs make up a large portion of the housing stock in the neighborhood. According to Shaw, there simply aren’t many single-family homes and fancier townhouses that would attract “the gentry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665533\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665533 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1545\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-160x241.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-800x1207.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-1020x1539.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-795x1200.jpg 795w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-960x1448.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-240x362.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-375x566.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-520x785.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Jefferson Hotel at 440 Eddy St., is a residential hotel managed by nonprofit Tenderloin Housing Clinic. The hotel has 108 units of affordable permanent housing for single occupants. (Samantha Shanahan/KQED) \u003ccite>(Samantha Shanahan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Policies That Got Us Here\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are actually specific policy reasons the Tenderloin has remained relatively affordable and hasn’t gentrified to the same degree as the rest of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nonprofit land acquisition\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was an aggressive nonprofit acquisition of land when land was still cheap,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, nonprofits have held onto much of that property, and many of them run affordable housing programs — preserving that land at below-market rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Zoning policies to prevent high-rise building\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back when the Tenderloin residents organized in the early 1980s, one of the things they focused on was preventing luxury condos from coming in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In 1985, we rezoned the neighborhood to prevent any building over 13 stories, so someone could not pick up a piece of land and build a 35-story luxury condominium in the Tenderloin because the zoning prohibits it,” Shaw said. Non-residential uses above the second floor are also specifically regulated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These limits make it unappealing for developers who have to weigh the costs of building with the potential for profit. While higher density could also lead to more affordable housing, residents considered the risk of luxury development to be more likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Protections for those SROs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city also made it very hard to get rid of SROs and their tenants. The Tenderloin and nearby Chinatown have the most SROs of all the neighborhoods in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we now have all of this housing stock, which again is protected for low income,” Shaw said. “The gentry don’t want to move into a room without a kitchen or private bath, so SROs are pretty immune to gentrification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Historic protections\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the neighborhood is a historic district, and many of the buildings are protected. Many also predate the passage of the city’s rent-control ordinance, which comes with a number of its own protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their goal was to protect the neighborhood from the speculative real estate market,” said Jeff Buckley, the mayor’s senior adviser on housing policy. All of those policies add up and have made 25 to 29 percent of the housing units in the Tenderloin permanently affordable, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665536\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1545px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665536 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1545\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark.jpg 1545w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-800x530.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-1200x795.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-960x636.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1545px) 100vw, 1545px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A kid plays at the renovated Boeddeker Park. (Samantha Shanahan/KQED) \u003ccite>(Samantha Shanahan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 22px;font-weight: bold\">Did It Work?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, there haven’t been as many people forced out of their homes compared to other parts of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have seen, whether it’s the Ellis Act or the owner move-in or the no-fault evictions that have occurred at fairly high rates throughout San Francisco in the last 20 years, they have not happened in Tenderloin,” Buckley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the Tenderloin has some long-standing problems. Last year, the Tenderloin had more violent crime than almost any other neighborhood in San Francisco — though it \u003cem>is\u003c/em> dropping. And drug dealing is still common, especially on certain street corners. We certainly saw some while out in the neighborhood. In fact, when I was walking to meet Shaw, someone tried to sell me morphine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the residents are understandably unhappy about these issues and have been working to fix up their neighborhood, with a community benefit district and community programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing the business owners in the neighborhood wanted was clean streets, so they established a program called Clean City,” Coates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coates’ historical walking tours are also part of the effort to show people what they’re missing in the Tenderloin. She’s seen signs of change: new murals, parks, clubs and bars — where, if you’re lucky, you might see her sing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me that’s great, because I perform at PianoFight. I perform at the museum and the jazz club and various other places around here,” she said. And she argues that once people come in, they come back again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665541\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/20171217_122920-e1525151195732.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665541 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/20171217_122920-e1525151195732.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nguyen admires one of the new murals in the neighborhood. (Kelly O’Mara/KQED) \u003ccite>(Kelly O'Mara/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The city is working on improvement projects, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve attracted over 40 new businesses to the neighborhood, 15 arts organizations, 10 existing arts organizations being stabilized,” said Joaquin Torres, deputy director at the city’s Office of Economic and Workforce Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s installing a bunch of new street lights, and Boeddeker Park, the neighborhood’s main park, was remodeled. There’s a new history museum and after-school programs. Three major housing projects are coming in on Market Street in the next few years. Fancier restaurants are opening too, like the Black Cat Jazz Club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, that all starts to sound like gentrification. Can the neighborhood get nicer parks, new businesses and more housing, without pricing out existing residents?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Absolutely. I mean that’s the vision that we’re implementing right now. It’s an opportunity to have a truly mixed and diverse neighborhood,” Torres said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shaw hears people say it’s not possible to get rid of crime and keep the neighborhood affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve had people say to me, ‘Well, the drug dealing keeps gentrification away.’ That should be the price of it,” he said. But Shaw disagrees. He doesn’t think the 31,000 residents who live there should have to pay that price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 22px;font-weight: bold\">February 2020 Update\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since this story first ran in 2018, several of the projects that were mentioned faced setbacks or delays, leaving buildings unoccupied for longer than expected. Shaw thinks having these vacant buildings lead to more crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say that if you interviewed random people in the Tenderloin, 99 percent would say the Tenderloin got worse in 2019,” says Shaw. “I think there’s pretty much a consensus. 2019 was the roughest year the Tenderloin has experienced for some time now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However some of those projects are expected to open this year. The City Department of Homelessness started moving into a formerly vacant building last month. Hastings Law Schools opens a spot in the TL this spring. A few non-profits and restaurants are now opening. And a housing project is set to open on Market Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some residents fear new beginnings in the Tenderloin could ultimately displace long-time residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we end this Bay Curious answer with another question: Can the TL get nicer parks, new developments and safer streets without forcing out current residents? Time will tell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story first ran in 2018.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story first ran in 2018 and was republished February 2020. We’ve included an update at the bottom.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s Tenderloin neighborhood is bordered by some of the wealthiest neighborhoods in the city, yet, it has a bad reputation. Tourists are told to avoid the area. You can often see drug dealing out in the open and garbage on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up we always knew the Tenderloin’s kind of a more seedy place,” said this week’s question asker, Vy Nguyen, who we first spoke with in 2018. She’s lived in the Bay Area since she was a kid, but three years ago she moved to an apartment on the edge of the Tenderloin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, she’s gotten to know her new neighborhood. She loves the Vietnamese food, and she volunteers, serving the poor and homeless at St. Anthony’s. But she’s noticed one big thing: While the rest of San Francisco is getting fancier and more expensive, that isn’t really the case in the Tenderloin. There are a few new hip coffee shops and young people moving into the area, she said, but for the most part it hasn’t developed like the rest of the city. Nguyen wants to know why.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Why is the Tenderloin so resistant to gentrification when the rest of San Francisco isn’t?’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665590\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2014px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM.png\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665590 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2014\" height=\"1054\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM.png 2014w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-160x84.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-800x419.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-1020x534.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-1200x628.png 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-1920x1005.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-1180x618.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-960x502.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-240x126.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-375x196.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Screen-Shot-2018-04-30-at-3.28.30-PM-520x272.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2014px) 100vw, 2014px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Tenderloin borders as defined by Coates.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To answer the question, Nguyen and I took a tour of the Tenderloin with Pam Coates — a long-time resident who now leads \u003ca href=\"http://www.tlwalkingtours.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tenderloin Walking Tours\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the borders of the Tenderloin are generally agreed upon, not everyone defines the neighborhood the same way. “It’s nebulous,” Coates said. “I mean the Hilton up there is in the Tenderloin, but it calls itself the Union Square Hilton.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand the Tenderloin now, we first have to understand what it was like before.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How the Tenderloin of the past became the Tenderloin of today\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When prospectors and immigrants came to San Francisco in the 1800s, they started to develop the Tenderloin and nearby Chinatown, because they were flat. “The rich guys went up the hill, like they do, you know,” Coates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood quickly became known as an entertainment district — of both the legal and illegal kind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the Gold Rush, the Tenderloin was the spot to spend your money on a night out: at brothels, theaters, restaurants and hotels. After the earthquake in 1906, many of the modern hotels were rebuilt closer to Union Square, but for decades visitors still flocked to the Tenderloin’s speakeasies, jazz clubs, billiard halls and especially the gambling parlors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665957\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/sfplsanfranciscohistoricalphotographcollection/8000928739/\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665957 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"841\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-160x131.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-800x657.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-1020x838.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-960x788.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-240x197.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-375x308.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/8000928739_c9955a67ab_b-520x427.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Black Hawk on the corner of Turk and Hyde, the day after a raid for violation of liquor law in 1961. Front entrance has sign posted “Young Adults Under 21 Please Use 216 Hyde Entrance.” (SAN FRANCISCO HISTORY CENTER, SAN FRANCISCO PUBLIC LIBRARY) \u003ccite>(SAN FRANCISCO HISTORY CENTER, SAN FRANCISCO PUBLIC LIBRARY)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The Tenderloin from 1907 into the ’50s, was one of the most prosperous San Francisco neighborhoods,” said Randy Shaw, who has worked in the neighborhood since founding the \u003ca href=\"https://www.thclinic.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tenderloin Housing Clinic\u003c/a> in 1980. He also wrote \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Tenderloin.html?id=r5bTrQEACAAJ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“The Tenderloin: Sex, Crime, and Resistance in the Heart of San Francisco.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People came to the movie theaters in mid-Market, and then they ate dinner or went to the bars in the Tenderloin,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, in the middle of the 20th century, the movie industry collapsed in San Francisco, gutting the mid-Market area. Famous recording studios closed. And in the late 1950s, the city started cracking down on the Tenderloin’s \u003cem>quasi-legal\u003c/em> businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“City Hall intentionally wrecked the Tenderloin. They eliminated our gambling operation, which they had to do. They changed our street configuration. They took away our cable cars,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without foot traffic or businesses, crime and drug dealing filled the void, and the Tenderloin became a pass-through neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything was geared to ‘how do we get people to Union Square, and we don’t care what happens between Union Square and the Civic Center,’ ” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/NE6PpolDjvQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/NE6PpolDjvQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>A New Beginning\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But many of the residents found a community in this ignored neighborhood. In the 1960s and ’70s, the Tenderloin was a haven for gay and lesbian San Franciscans. They supported each other and started to speak out to gain political recognition. \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-WASW9dRBU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The riot at Compton’s Cafeteria in 1966\u003c/a> started when a police officer attempted to arrest a drag queen — predating the Stonewall riots in Manhattan in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people who couldn’t find a home elsewhere found affordable housing in the Tenderloin’s old hotels that had long ago been repurposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People started renting them out to low-income people, or people who needed a week’s rent, so they became sort of low-income housing,” Coates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nine years, Coates lived in an SRO — a single-room occupancy residential hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a room, usually with a shared bathroom, and little washbasin in it, and that’s it. No cooking facilities. You have to sort of make your own,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, these SROs define the neighborhood. They might not be the nicest places and can sometimes have \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/files/opp/SFDPH-SROHIA-FinalDraftv3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">health and safety risks\u003c/a>, but they often offer a second chance for recovering addicts, domestic abuse survivors and people getting off the streets — people like Coates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was on the street for 10 months. I’m a domestic violence survivor, but I had a good worker at the general assistance office, and I was a good worker. I got into the Tenderloin SRO, the Tenderloin Housing Clinic,” she said. “So that’s how I found peace. This neighborhood offers that. It’s new beginnings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That “new beginning” was what residents found themselves wanting to save — even if it had its problems. Tenderloin residents saw how redevelopment changed the Western Addition and Yerba Buena neighborhoods in the 1960s and ’70s and worried they would be next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the 1980s, they started to organize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Tenderloin is really a model for how communities across the country can stop gentrification,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665534\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 5760px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665534 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"5760\" height=\"3840\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO.jpg 5760w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30610_jeff-in-SRO-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 5760px) 100vw, 5760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A resident in his SRO at the Boyd Hotel. (Samantha Shanahan/KQED) \u003ccite>(Samantha Shanahan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 22px;font-weight: bold\">What We Talk About When We Talk About Gentrification\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do we mean by “gentrification?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the word means a lot of things to a lot of people, for our purposes here, we’re focusing on the cost of housing and the residents’ ability to stay in their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in terms of housing, the Tenderloin is \u003cem>relatively\u003c/em> affordable. \u003ca href=\"https://www.zumper.com/blog/2017/12/san-francisco-neighborhood-prices-mapped-this-winter-2017/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">According to the rental website Zumper\u003c/a>, the median one-bedroom in the Tenderloin cost $2,345 to rent this past winter. The median price for the city overall was significantly more: $3,390.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A rent-controlled SRO can cost as little as $200 to 300 per month. (Though that would be a \u003cem>find\u003c/em>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-bedroom apartments, studios and SROs make up a large portion of the housing stock in the neighborhood. According to Shaw, there simply aren’t many single-family homes and fancier townhouses that would attract “the gentry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665533\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665533 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1545\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-160x241.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-800x1207.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-1020x1539.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-795x1200.jpg 795w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-960x1448.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-240x362.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-375x566.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30608_JeffersonHotel-520x785.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Jefferson Hotel at 440 Eddy St., is a residential hotel managed by nonprofit Tenderloin Housing Clinic. The hotel has 108 units of affordable permanent housing for single occupants. (Samantha Shanahan/KQED) \u003ccite>(Samantha Shanahan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Policies That Got Us Here\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are actually specific policy reasons the Tenderloin has remained relatively affordable and hasn’t gentrified to the same degree as the rest of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nonprofit land acquisition\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was an aggressive nonprofit acquisition of land when land was still cheap,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, nonprofits have held onto much of that property, and many of them run affordable housing programs — preserving that land at below-market rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Zoning policies to prevent high-rise building\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back when the Tenderloin residents organized in the early 1980s, one of the things they focused on was preventing luxury condos from coming in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In 1985, we rezoned the neighborhood to prevent any building over 13 stories, so someone could not pick up a piece of land and build a 35-story luxury condominium in the Tenderloin because the zoning prohibits it,” Shaw said. Non-residential uses above the second floor are also specifically regulated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These limits make it unappealing for developers who have to weigh the costs of building with the potential for profit. While higher density could also lead to more affordable housing, residents considered the risk of luxury development to be more likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Protections for those SROs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city also made it very hard to get rid of SROs and their tenants. The Tenderloin and nearby Chinatown have the most SROs of all the neighborhoods in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we now have all of this housing stock, which again is protected for low income,” Shaw said. “The gentry don’t want to move into a room without a kitchen or private bath, so SROs are pretty immune to gentrification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Historic protections\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the neighborhood is a historic district, and many of the buildings are protected. Many also predate the passage of the city’s rent-control ordinance, which comes with a number of its own protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their goal was to protect the neighborhood from the speculative real estate market,” said Jeff Buckley, the mayor’s senior adviser on housing policy. All of those policies add up and have made 25 to 29 percent of the housing units in the Tenderloin permanently affordable, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665536\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1545px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665536 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1545\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark.jpg 1545w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-800x530.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-1200x795.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-960x636.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30603_BoedekkerPark-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1545px) 100vw, 1545px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A kid plays at the renovated Boeddeker Park. (Samantha Shanahan/KQED) \u003ccite>(Samantha Shanahan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 22px;font-weight: bold\">Did It Work?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, there haven’t been as many people forced out of their homes compared to other parts of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have seen, whether it’s the Ellis Act or the owner move-in or the no-fault evictions that have occurred at fairly high rates throughout San Francisco in the last 20 years, they have not happened in Tenderloin,” Buckley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the Tenderloin has some long-standing problems. Last year, the Tenderloin had more violent crime than almost any other neighborhood in San Francisco — though it \u003cem>is\u003c/em> dropping. And drug dealing is still common, especially on certain street corners. We certainly saw some while out in the neighborhood. In fact, when I was walking to meet Shaw, someone tried to sell me morphine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the residents are understandably unhappy about these issues and have been working to fix up their neighborhood, with a community benefit district and community programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing the business owners in the neighborhood wanted was clean streets, so they established a program called Clean City,” Coates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coates’ historical walking tours are also part of the effort to show people what they’re missing in the Tenderloin. She’s seen signs of change: new murals, parks, clubs and bars — where, if you’re lucky, you might see her sing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me that’s great, because I perform at PianoFight. I perform at the museum and the jazz club and various other places around here,” she said. And she argues that once people come in, they come back again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665541\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/20171217_122920-e1525151195732.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11665541 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/20171217_122920-e1525151195732.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nguyen admires one of the new murals in the neighborhood. (Kelly O’Mara/KQED) \u003ccite>(Kelly O'Mara/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The city is working on improvement projects, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve attracted over 40 new businesses to the neighborhood, 15 arts organizations, 10 existing arts organizations being stabilized,” said Joaquin Torres, deputy director at the city’s Office of Economic and Workforce Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s installing a bunch of new street lights, and Boeddeker Park, the neighborhood’s main park, was remodeled. There’s a new history museum and after-school programs. Three major housing projects are coming in on Market Street in the next few years. Fancier restaurants are opening too, like the Black Cat Jazz Club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, that all starts to sound like gentrification. Can the neighborhood get nicer parks, new businesses and more housing, without pricing out existing residents?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Absolutely. I mean that’s the vision that we’re implementing right now. It’s an opportunity to have a truly mixed and diverse neighborhood,” Torres said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shaw hears people say it’s not possible to get rid of crime and keep the neighborhood affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve had people say to me, ‘Well, the drug dealing keeps gentrification away.’ That should be the price of it,” he said. But Shaw disagrees. He doesn’t think the 31,000 residents who live there should have to pay that price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 22px;font-weight: bold\">February 2020 Update\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since this story first ran in 2018, several of the projects that were mentioned faced setbacks or delays, leaving buildings unoccupied for longer than expected. Shaw thinks having these vacant buildings lead to more crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say that if you interviewed random people in the Tenderloin, 99 percent would say the Tenderloin got worse in 2019,” says Shaw. “I think there’s pretty much a consensus. 2019 was the roughest year the Tenderloin has experienced for some time now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However some of those projects are expected to open this year. The City Department of Homelessness started moving into a formerly vacant building last month. Hastings Law Schools opens a spot in the TL this spring. A few non-profits and restaurants are now opening. And a housing project is set to open on Market Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some residents fear new beginnings in the Tenderloin could ultimately displace long-time residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we end this Bay Curious answer with another question: Can the TL get nicer parks, new developments and safer streets without forcing out current residents? Time will tell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story first ran in 2018.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "San Francisco's Coyotes are Back, and They are Thriving",
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"content": "\u003cp>Janet Kessler will never forget the day she met her first coyote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was thirteen years ago, and she was walking her dog on Twin Peaks in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We sat down and watched each other,” Kessler remembers. “[The coyote]’s enthusiasm, her interest, her excitement, her intelligence, all of that came to the fore. In the 10 to 20 minutes we were watching her, I decided that I had to find out more,” Kessler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11800985\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11800985\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In San Francisco, coyotes have claimed urban parks as their territories. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now Janet Kessler is known in the area as the “Coyote Lady” for her extensive field research and documentation of urban coyotes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801503\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11801503\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-687x916.jpg 687w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-414x552.jpg 414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-354x472.jpg 354w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Janet Kessler (pictured here in Golden Gate Park) has been observing urban coyotes in San Francisco for 13 years. \u003ccite>(Bianca Taylor/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her daily routine is disciplined. She wakes up at 4 a.m., takes a walk, and is ready with her Canon camera by dawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m out until 8, 9 or 10 a.m. … and then I go out again in the early evening. I’m out until dark when I can no longer see the coyotes,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To distinguish between the different coyotes, Kessler gives them names — although it’s something that she discourages other people from doing because “it puts them in the category of a pet.” She tells me about Silver (“for the silver eucalyptus trees”), Gum Nut, Acorn, Scout, Sparks, Scowl and Squirrel (“who waits around for squirrels.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may feel like coyotes are popping up in San Francisco all of a sudden, but they are actually recolonizing the places they used to live abundantly. Coyotes are native to California and were found throughout the Bay Area — including in San Francisco — until the mid 1900s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801525\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11801525\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A coyote lounges on the edge of an open space next to a roadway with a constant stream of walkers, dog walkers, and traffic. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was during the 1940’s that people started killing coyotes en masse, using a powerful poison called Compound 1080 meant to keep “vermin” out of their ranching and farmlands. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/12/us/epa-is-expected-to-end-a-poison-ban.html\">Compound 1080 was banned by President Nixon in 1972\u003c/a>, but people still feared and hated coyotes – hunting them, and even holding coyote killing contests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler, who’s 70 years old, says that people her age have told her that when they were kids, they were paid four dollars to bring in two coyote ears. This mistreatment nearly wiped coyotes out from the Bay Area completely. But in 2002, something amazing happened: a coyote was spotted walking in San Francisco’s Presidio. This was a big deal, and questions arose as to how and why coyotes were returning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801498\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11801498\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-687x916.jpg 687w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-414x552.jpg 414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-354x472.jpg 354w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut.jpg 825w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign in Golden Gate Park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One theory was that coyotes walked here from Marin across the Golden Gate Bridge. While it sounds like the stuff of Disney movies, Kessler says it’s “very unlikely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most ecologists I’ve spoken to think it’s kind of a crazy idea,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler explains that a much more likely theory is that a trapper brought coyotes over from the North Bay. Since then, coyotes have been busy repopulating San Francisco’s urban parks — places like the Presidio, Glen Canyon and Golden Gate Park. Each one of these “territories” has a coyote family living in it — or at least a coyote passing through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfanimalcare.org/\">San Francisco Animal Care and Control\u003c/a>, the total number of coyotes living in San Francisco is estimated to be dozens. The reason this number isn’t more specific is because there hasn’t been a rigorous tracking program for coyotes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler says that over the 13 years she’s been studying them, the coyote population in San Francisco (at least within the areas she has studied) has basically remained the same. If you \u003cem>think\u003c/em> you’re seeing a lot of coyotes in an area, “you’re probably seeing the same ones over and over again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the total number of coyotes isn’t growing, it is possible that there are more coyote \u003cem>sightings \u003c/em> — thanks to social media and platforms like Nextdoor where people can share photos and alert neighbors if they see a coyote in the park or while walking their dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-11801493\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546-800x624.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546-800x624.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546-160x125.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546-1020x795.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546.png 1111w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-11801494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366-800x863.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366-800x863.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366-160x173.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366-1020x1101.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366.png 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler says while coyotes are not interested in people, they might be interested in your pet. But, she adds, there is an easy way to avoid tragedy: “Whenever you see a coyote, pick up the dog and go in the opposition direction. That’s all you have to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big part of Janet’s work is teaching people about how to live with coyotes, and that starts with understanding them more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re just like you and I are,” she says. “These are social animals. They mate for life. Both parents raise the youngsters. They remain as a family for an extended length of time. They interact all the time with play, with fun, with teasing. They poke each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801420\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11801420\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In urban areas, coyotes become used to seeing people so they generally ignore us. Janet Kessler says it’s important we ignore them back. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On her website, \u003ca href=\"https://coyoteyipps.com/\">CoyoteYipps.com\u003c/a>, Kessler posts videos of coyotes howling alongside sirens, snapping at their pups and frolicking with their siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ecologically speaking, coyotes coming back to the city is a good thing. They’re important predators, regulating populations of rodents and raccoons, and helping increase diversity of bird populations. According to Kessler, San Francisco is doing “a fine job” of moving us towards coyote coexistence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also helps that we are generally more open to living next to wild animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801419\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11801419\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A coyote pair enjoying a relaxed afternoon in a secluded part of a San Francisco park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s been a basic change in our attitudes towards the environment,” Kessler says. “I think we’re more open minded and environmentally concerned. And of course, coyotes are part of that environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being so close to nature is part of what makes living in the Bay Area so special. So next time you’re on a walk, keep your eyes peeled. You might get lucky and see something that you wouldn’t have just 20 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Janet Kessler will never forget the day she met her first coyote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was thirteen years ago, and she was walking her dog on Twin Peaks in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We sat down and watched each other,” Kessler remembers. “[The coyote]’s enthusiasm, her interest, her excitement, her intelligence, all of that came to the fore. In the 10 to 20 minutes we were watching her, I decided that I had to find out more,” Kessler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11800985\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11800985\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41109_Urban-Coyote-qut-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In San Francisco, coyotes have claimed urban parks as their territories. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now Janet Kessler is known in the area as the “Coyote Lady” for her extensive field research and documentation of urban coyotes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801503\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11801503\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-687x916.jpg 687w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-414x552.jpg 414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283-354x472.jpg 354w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41323_IMG_2363-qut-1-e1581623400283.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Janet Kessler (pictured here in Golden Gate Park) has been observing urban coyotes in San Francisco for 13 years. \u003ccite>(Bianca Taylor/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her daily routine is disciplined. She wakes up at 4 a.m., takes a walk, and is ready with her Canon camera by dawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m out until 8, 9 or 10 a.m. … and then I go out again in the early evening. I’m out until dark when I can no longer see the coyotes,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To distinguish between the different coyotes, Kessler gives them names — although it’s something that she discourages other people from doing because “it puts them in the category of a pet.” She tells me about Silver (“for the silver eucalyptus trees”), Gum Nut, Acorn, Scout, Sparks, Scowl and Squirrel (“who waits around for squirrels.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may feel like coyotes are popping up in San Francisco all of a sudden, but they are actually recolonizing the places they used to live abundantly. Coyotes are native to California and were found throughout the Bay Area — including in San Francisco — until the mid 1900s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801525\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11801525\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41330_coyote-lounging-qut.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A coyote lounges on the edge of an open space next to a roadway with a constant stream of walkers, dog walkers, and traffic. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was during the 1940’s that people started killing coyotes en masse, using a powerful poison called Compound 1080 meant to keep “vermin” out of their ranching and farmlands. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/12/us/epa-is-expected-to-end-a-poison-ban.html\">Compound 1080 was banned by President Nixon in 1972\u003c/a>, but people still feared and hated coyotes – hunting them, and even holding coyote killing contests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler, who’s 70 years old, says that people her age have told her that when they were kids, they were paid four dollars to bring in two coyote ears. This mistreatment nearly wiped coyotes out from the Bay Area completely. But in 2002, something amazing happened: a coyote was spotted walking in San Francisco’s Presidio. This was a big deal, and questions arose as to how and why coyotes were returning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801498\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11801498\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-687x916.jpg 687w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-414x552.jpg 414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut-354x472.jpg 354w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41331_coyote-sign-qut.jpg 825w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign in Golden Gate Park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One theory was that coyotes walked here from Marin across the Golden Gate Bridge. While it sounds like the stuff of Disney movies, Kessler says it’s “very unlikely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most ecologists I’ve spoken to think it’s kind of a crazy idea,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler explains that a much more likely theory is that a trapper brought coyotes over from the North Bay. Since then, coyotes have been busy repopulating San Francisco’s urban parks — places like the Presidio, Glen Canyon and Golden Gate Park. Each one of these “territories” has a coyote family living in it — or at least a coyote passing through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfanimalcare.org/\">San Francisco Animal Care and Control\u003c/a>, the total number of coyotes living in San Francisco is estimated to be dozens. The reason this number isn’t more specific is because there hasn’t been a rigorous tracking program for coyotes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler says that over the 13 years she’s been studying them, the coyote population in San Francisco (at least within the areas she has studied) has basically remained the same. If you \u003cem>think\u003c/em> you’re seeing a lot of coyotes in an area, “you’re probably seeing the same ones over and over again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the total number of coyotes isn’t growing, it is possible that there are more coyote \u003cem>sightings \u003c/em> — thanks to social media and platforms like Nextdoor where people can share photos and alert neighbors if they see a coyote in the park or while walking their dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-11801493\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546-800x624.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546-800x624.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546-160x125.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546-1020x795.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2493-e1581622564546.png 1111w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-11801494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366-800x863.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366-800x863.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366-160x173.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366-1020x1101.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/IMG_2491-e1581622713366.png 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler says while coyotes are not interested in people, they might be interested in your pet. But, she adds, there is an easy way to avoid tragedy: “Whenever you see a coyote, pick up the dog and go in the opposition direction. That’s all you have to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big part of Janet’s work is teaching people about how to live with coyotes, and that starts with understanding them more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re just like you and I are,” she says. “These are social animals. They mate for life. Both parents raise the youngsters. They remain as a family for an extended length of time. They interact all the time with play, with fun, with teasing. They poke each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801420\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11801420\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41111_Coyote-Hiker-qut.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In urban areas, coyotes become used to seeing people so they generally ignore us. Janet Kessler says it’s important we ignore them back. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On her website, \u003ca href=\"https://coyoteyipps.com/\">CoyoteYipps.com\u003c/a>, Kessler posts videos of coyotes howling alongside sirens, snapping at their pups and frolicking with their siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ecologically speaking, coyotes coming back to the city is a good thing. They’re important predators, regulating populations of rodents and raccoons, and helping increase diversity of bird populations. According to Kessler, San Francisco is doing “a fine job” of moving us towards coyote coexistence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also helps that we are generally more open to living next to wild animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11801419\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11801419\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41107_Coyote-Pair-qut.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A coyote pair enjoying a relaxed afternoon in a secluded part of a San Francisco park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janet Kessler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s been a basic change in our attitudes towards the environment,” Kessler says. “I think we’re more open minded and environmentally concerned. And of course, coyotes are part of that environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being so close to nature is part of what makes living in the Bay Area so special. So next time you’re on a walk, keep your eyes peeled. You might get lucky and see something that you wouldn’t have just 20 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "MAP: Where Have We Filled in or Drained the San Francisco Bay?",
"headTitle": "MAP: Where Have We Filled in or Drained the San Francisco Bay? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Many parts of the coastline of the San Francisco Bay have been filled in over time, or are former marshlands that were drained. Using U.S. Geological Survey data, we created this map to show these areas, some of which can be vulnerable during an earthquake. Read our full story: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11799297/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Large Parts of the Bay Area Are Built on Fill. Why and Where?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Try searching for your address using the search function at the bottom left. You may need to be specific. Example: “50 Beale St. San Francisco, CA USA”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"900\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/builder/b488870b-a8c4-43f4-803a-04691206c9e3/embed\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;\">Data from the US Geological Survey from \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-444/\">2000\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1037/\">2006\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Map by Lisa Pickoff-White. Contributions by Keith Knutson and Alexandra Kanik.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many parts of the coastline of the San Francisco Bay have been filled in over time, or are former marshlands that were drained. Using U.S. Geological Survey data, we created this map to show these areas, some of which can be vulnerable during an earthquake. Read our full story: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11799297/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Large Parts of the Bay Area Are Built on Fill. Why and Where?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Try searching for your address using the search function at the bottom left. You may need to be specific. Example: “50 Beale St. San Francisco, CA USA”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"900\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/builder/b488870b-a8c4-43f4-803a-04691206c9e3/embed\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;\">Data from the US Geological Survey from \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-444/\">2000\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1037/\">2006\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Map by Lisa Pickoff-White. Contributions by Keith Knutson and Alexandra Kanik.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Why Are BART Escalators Nearly Always Broken? And How Did They Build Those Tunnels?",
"headTitle": "Why Are BART Escalators Nearly Always Broken? And How Did They Build Those Tunnels? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>This week Bay Curious host Olivia Allen-Price sat down with transit editor Dan Brekke to answer some audience questions about BART. Here goes!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How did they build the underwater tunnels for BART? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Briana\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Brekke: So this is one of the great epics of the BART construction story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took about seven years, starting in 1959, to study the route and design the construction system for what we now call the Transbay Tube. The structure was built in sections — 57 in all, varying in length, but averaging about 335 feet. Contractors built the sections at a pier in San Francisco. When they were done with all that work, which included lining the tube section with concrete, they would tow it into the bay and then they would lower it, sealed at both ends, down to its location. Divers would join the sections of tube together one at a time; they were being welded together and bolted. The tube rests in a shallow trench that had been dug before the sections were brought out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took about three years of actual construction to get that all that in place after construction started in 1966 and another several years to do all the other electrical and finishing work. That’s the tube we have today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other aspect I find fascinating is that you’re actually going down pretty steeply on both sides of the bay when you’re in the tube. When you start on the Oakland side you’re above ground, say 50 feet, and then you you plunge under the bay, 130 feet below the surface. Then you have to come up on the San Francisco side to connect to the tunnel at Embarcadero — though you’re still about 100 below ground level at that point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience as a passenger is that passage is pretty flat. You kind of feel like you’re just going straight across. But there are a couple places where you change elevation pretty significantly under the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In its nearly 50 years of existence, why has BART taken so long to extend into Santa Clara County? And only normally protruded into San Mateo County and never expanded into any of the North Bay counties? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Mark\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: The simple answer is that most Bay Area counties had the choice of opting into BART in the early ’60s, and some opted out, including Santa Clara and San Mateo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was some talk about going up to the North Bay, specifically Marin. There were engineering studies that showed it was feasible to go to put track below the roadway on the Golden Gate Bridge. Three engineering studies found that was fine, and one sponsored by the Golden Gate Bridge District did not support that idea. However, when San Mateo County opted out, the backers of BART no longer thought that the Marin idea would be feasible. On top of that, the Golden Gate Bridge District never really liked the idea because back then BART would have been competition for the service they were offering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So BART has only gone into Santa Clara and San Mateo in relatively recent history — the 1990s in San Mateo County’s case, and soon in Santa Clara County, where the first extension there, to San Jose’s Berryessa neighborhood, is expected to finally open late this spring. That’s because people in those counties reconsidered and passed taxes that allowed BART to expand there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why are there news kiosks in the BART station that are closed? Why doesn’t BART let people run these news kiosks and what are their history? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Brad Meyer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: Those were created for the San Francisco newspapers. It was really just the Chronicle and Examiner. It wasn’t like an old-fashioned newsstand like you might see outside of a subway station in New York or Chicago (or on the platforms of some stations in those cities). But guess what? Newspaper street sales, which used to be a big thing, have dried up because of this digital medium we’re using right now. Street vendors and newspaper boxes are a thing of the past. I think that the final nail in the coffin for the kiosks was the introduction of smartphones, because now people are carrying the news with them. Some of the kiosks are still there. but many have been removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a pretty good story connected to the old kiosks, though, where somebody discovered that at a couple of the stations (Montgomery Street is one of them) that there is a very odd acoustic effect. If you go to the place where the kiosk used to be and talk in a normal voice, there is an echo effect. And it was enough of a thing that I know that some local reporters went down there to demonstrate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>At the West Oakland BART Station there are ads right next to the third rail. How on earth do they change those out without getting electrocuted? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Jay Quigley\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: The third rail is something you don’t want to touch under any circumstances. It’s very high voltage and coming into contact with it could mean instant death, or at least extremely serious injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART is shut down for a part of every day. Trains stop running around 1 a.m. and then there is a window of time between 1 and 4 a.m. when a lot of maintenance takes place. So in the case of working on these ads, BART does that during that overnight closure and shuts down the third rail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was told by Jim Allison at BART that they call it “laying down a blanket,” as if you’re covering the rail with a blanket to make it safe. They’re not physically doing that, of course. Once the rail is de-energized, then the crews can work safely there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why does it seem like the escalators are constantly broken? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Dan\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: There are a variety of reasons that escalators fail. Some are exposed to weather. Some are exposed to abuse of various kinds. There were some escalators that were being used, essentially, as restrooms. Lots of garbage winds up dropped on certain escalators at some stations. The other thing is that they get a \u003cem>lot\u003c/em> of use, lots of wear and tear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the escalators at this point are also very old. That makes them harder to maintain and also creates a problem few people were thinking about when BART was new. In one case, the original manufacturer of many of the escalators in San Francisco’s downtown stations, and some others, has gone out of business. To do simple maintenance, BART has to go out and hunt for spare parts. And if things break down altogether and they have a serious mechanical failure, they have to find somebody to \u003cem>make\u003c/em> some of these major parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At San Francisco’s 16th Street/Mission Station a few years ago, which is one of the places that had these old escalators made by a defunct company, they put up a sign: “This unit will be out of service until …” and then there was a blank space. It was out of service so long that somebody came along and wrote “the rapture” in that blank space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I started to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10969699/at-barts-16th-mission-station-the-rapture-is-nigh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">track how long\u003c/a> it was taking to get that escalator up and running, and it was out of service more than six months. It turned out that BART actually had to find somebody to make a part called a bull gear pillar block.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking ahead, a lot of these escalators are getting completely rebuilt. They’re not just getting overhauled — brand new escalators are being installed. It’s an expensive project and will be going on for years. BART just announced that it’s going to build protective canopies over all the escalators that have been open to the sky, so that they’ll at least be protected from the weather if not from other forms of abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why does BART announce elevator status all the time? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Eric\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: There is a large part of BART’s ridership that depends on elevators to get through the stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one level, it’s just a courtesy announcement, but on another level, it’s sort of a crucial announcement for people who have no other way of accessing a BART station than using these elevators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have the Americans with Disabilities Act, the ADA, and this is part of the agency’s responsibility under the ADA to give people, at the very least, a heads up. But anybody will tell you actually having the elevators running is better.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week Bay Curious host Olivia Allen-Price sat down with transit editor Dan Brekke to answer some audience questions about BART. Here goes!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How did they build the underwater tunnels for BART? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Briana\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Brekke: So this is one of the great epics of the BART construction story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took about seven years, starting in 1959, to study the route and design the construction system for what we now call the Transbay Tube. The structure was built in sections — 57 in all, varying in length, but averaging about 335 feet. Contractors built the sections at a pier in San Francisco. When they were done with all that work, which included lining the tube section with concrete, they would tow it into the bay and then they would lower it, sealed at both ends, down to its location. Divers would join the sections of tube together one at a time; they were being welded together and bolted. The tube rests in a shallow trench that had been dug before the sections were brought out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took about three years of actual construction to get that all that in place after construction started in 1966 and another several years to do all the other electrical and finishing work. That’s the tube we have today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other aspect I find fascinating is that you’re actually going down pretty steeply on both sides of the bay when you’re in the tube. When you start on the Oakland side you’re above ground, say 50 feet, and then you you plunge under the bay, 130 feet below the surface. Then you have to come up on the San Francisco side to connect to the tunnel at Embarcadero — though you’re still about 100 below ground level at that point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience as a passenger is that passage is pretty flat. You kind of feel like you’re just going straight across. But there are a couple places where you change elevation pretty significantly under the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In its nearly 50 years of existence, why has BART taken so long to extend into Santa Clara County? And only normally protruded into San Mateo County and never expanded into any of the North Bay counties? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Mark\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: The simple answer is that most Bay Area counties had the choice of opting into BART in the early ’60s, and some opted out, including Santa Clara and San Mateo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was some talk about going up to the North Bay, specifically Marin. There were engineering studies that showed it was feasible to go to put track below the roadway on the Golden Gate Bridge. Three engineering studies found that was fine, and one sponsored by the Golden Gate Bridge District did not support that idea. However, when San Mateo County opted out, the backers of BART no longer thought that the Marin idea would be feasible. On top of that, the Golden Gate Bridge District never really liked the idea because back then BART would have been competition for the service they were offering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So BART has only gone into Santa Clara and San Mateo in relatively recent history — the 1990s in San Mateo County’s case, and soon in Santa Clara County, where the first extension there, to San Jose’s Berryessa neighborhood, is expected to finally open late this spring. That’s because people in those counties reconsidered and passed taxes that allowed BART to expand there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why are there news kiosks in the BART station that are closed? Why doesn’t BART let people run these news kiosks and what are their history? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Brad Meyer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: Those were created for the San Francisco newspapers. It was really just the Chronicle and Examiner. It wasn’t like an old-fashioned newsstand like you might see outside of a subway station in New York or Chicago (or on the platforms of some stations in those cities). But guess what? Newspaper street sales, which used to be a big thing, have dried up because of this digital medium we’re using right now. Street vendors and newspaper boxes are a thing of the past. I think that the final nail in the coffin for the kiosks was the introduction of smartphones, because now people are carrying the news with them. Some of the kiosks are still there. but many have been removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a pretty good story connected to the old kiosks, though, where somebody discovered that at a couple of the stations (Montgomery Street is one of them) that there is a very odd acoustic effect. If you go to the place where the kiosk used to be and talk in a normal voice, there is an echo effect. And it was enough of a thing that I know that some local reporters went down there to demonstrate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>At the West Oakland BART Station there are ads right next to the third rail. How on earth do they change those out without getting electrocuted? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Jay Quigley\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: The third rail is something you don’t want to touch under any circumstances. It’s very high voltage and coming into contact with it could mean instant death, or at least extremely serious injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART is shut down for a part of every day. Trains stop running around 1 a.m. and then there is a window of time between 1 and 4 a.m. when a lot of maintenance takes place. So in the case of working on these ads, BART does that during that overnight closure and shuts down the third rail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was told by Jim Allison at BART that they call it “laying down a blanket,” as if you’re covering the rail with a blanket to make it safe. They’re not physically doing that, of course. Once the rail is de-energized, then the crews can work safely there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why does it seem like the escalators are constantly broken? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Dan\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: There are a variety of reasons that escalators fail. Some are exposed to weather. Some are exposed to abuse of various kinds. There were some escalators that were being used, essentially, as restrooms. Lots of garbage winds up dropped on certain escalators at some stations. The other thing is that they get a \u003cem>lot\u003c/em> of use, lots of wear and tear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the escalators at this point are also very old. That makes them harder to maintain and also creates a problem few people were thinking about when BART was new. In one case, the original manufacturer of many of the escalators in San Francisco’s downtown stations, and some others, has gone out of business. To do simple maintenance, BART has to go out and hunt for spare parts. And if things break down altogether and they have a serious mechanical failure, they have to find somebody to \u003cem>make\u003c/em> some of these major parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At San Francisco’s 16th Street/Mission Station a few years ago, which is one of the places that had these old escalators made by a defunct company, they put up a sign: “This unit will be out of service until …” and then there was a blank space. 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BART just announced that it’s going to build protective canopies over all the escalators that have been open to the sky, so that they’ll at least be protected from the weather if not from other forms of abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why does BART announce elevator status all the time? \u003c/strong>\u003cem>Submitted by Eric\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DB: There is a large part of BART’s ridership that depends on elevators to get through the stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one level, it’s just a courtesy announcement, but on another level, it’s sort of a crucial announcement for people who have no other way of accessing a BART station than using these elevators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "What Are Those Grids of Glass in the Sidewalk — And Why Are They Purple?",
"headTitle": "What Are Those Grids of Glass in the Sidewalk — And Why Are They Purple? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>All over the city you can see glass squares and circles in big grid patterns covering a few feet of sidewalk. Sometimes the glass is clear, but often it’s a purple hue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What are they?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>They’re vault lights, which are essentially skylights for below ground. The little glass pieces are projecting sunlight down into subterranean spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the top of the glass is flat, so it doesn’t trip anyone, underneath the glass can take a variety of shapes. Some are shaped into prism forms that diffuse and bend the light so it reaches the inner areas of underground spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792094\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 609px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11792094\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights.jpg\" alt=\"This is originally from a 1914 "Metal Building Materials" catalog, displaying "Berger's Raydiant Sidewalk Lights."\" width=\"609\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights.jpg 609w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights-160x68.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This illustration appeared in a 1914 “Metal Building Materials” catalog, displaying “Berger’s Raydiant Sidewalk Lights.” \u003ccite>(Collection of Ian Macky /glassian.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Across the country, vault lights are used to illuminate a variety of iconic and interesting projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vault lights were used to light \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/19/realestate/streetscapes-subway-platforms-letting-the-sun-shine-in.html\">some of New York City’s first subway stations\u003c/a> and were placed in the ground of the opulent passenger concourse in the city’s original Pennsylvania Station. In that now destroyed icon, natural light would pour through the buildings arched glass canopy and would then spill down into the lower levels of the station through hundreds of vault lights in the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791702\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-800x628.png\" alt=\"The passenger concourse at the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, built in 1910. The floor is covered in vault lighting.\" width=\"800\" height=\"628\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-800x628.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-160x126.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-1020x801.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation.png 1190w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The passenger concourse at the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, built in 1910. The ground is mostly made up of pieces of glass that provide vault lighting. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1862, parts of Sacramento were raised as much as 14 feet to protect against flooding. (That year, California’s newly elected governor, Leland Stanford, was brought to his inauguration in a rowboat.) In some places, instead of lifting the building, they simply built over the first floor. Which means below the sidewalk it’s now possible to walk between abandoned storefronts, bathed in the purple glow of vault lights. Similar projects have taken place in cities across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792461\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792461\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old sidewalk prisms, many of which have broken. \u003ccite>(Britta Gustafson/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, vault lights are mostly used to illuminate sub-sidewalk basements — ie. basements that extend under the sidewalk. Often, these are used as extra storage or work space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791675\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791675\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Beneath a vault light inside a sub-sidewalk basement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beneath a vault light inside a sub-sidewalk basement. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Why is the glass colored?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Glass is made of silica, which can be found in sand. Often, though, sand will have other elements in it too. In order to clarify and stabilize the glass from these other elements, chemists could use manganese dioxide. When vault lights were first installed, much of the glass was clear. But when the manganese is exposed to UV rays for long periods of time, it photo-oxidizes and turns purple or pinkish. Hence, the reason so much of the glass is now purple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process can take decades. So when you see colored glass, it’s either really old or someone dyed it to mimic the old glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Where were vault lights first used?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This kind of technology was used on ships as deck lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s long been the traditional way of lighting the interior of ships. While kerosene lamps were sometimes used, the smoke could make interior spaces uncomfortable. And candles could become a fire hazard on wooden ships,” says Diane Cooper, a museum technician at the San Francisco Maritime National Historic Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791720\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791720\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-800x572.jpg\" alt='The purple six-sided pointed prism has a flat bottom that would have been flush with the deck of a ship. The rectangular deck light has a series of \"ribs\" that run the length of the prism. ' width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-800x572.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-1200x858.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The purple six-sided pointed prism has a flat bottom that would have been flush with the deck of a ship. The rectangular deck light has a series of “ribs” that run the length of the prism. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park, photographed by Chris Wilhite)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The prisms inlaid into the deck were intended to direct light both down and up. The daylight comes down to light potential sleeping areas where sailors might forget about a candle. And if a fire breaks out below, the prisms would glow with warning for the sailors above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you had coal in your hold, you’d need to be able to see that there’s light down there,” says Cooper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791721\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791721\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-800x625.jpg\" alt=\"Two deck lights can be seen beneath the life ring on the steam tug Herculese. The lights shine into the crew's fo'c's'le.\" width=\"800\" height=\"625\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-800x625.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-1020x797.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-1200x938.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two deck lights can be seen beneath the life ring on the steam tug Herculese. The lights shine into the crew’s fo’c’s’le. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park, photographed by Chris Wilhite)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On land, it was also difficult to use a flame to light subterranean spaces due to smoke, fire hazard and expense. Instead they sometimes used open grates, which had the disadvantage of letting water seep through and could be difficult to walk atop when wearing heels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1845, inventor Thaddeus Hyatt developed a vault cover with a series of glass lenses in big cast-iron panels. The panels were modular so you could use them over large areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyatt produced glass pieces that were both flat on the bottom, and “refracting” lenses that were prism shaped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyatt’s innovation in subterranean lighting made him rich as his vault covers were used all over the country. With his newly acquired wealth he spent much of the rest of his time and money fighting for the abolition of slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792091\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792091\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-800x700.jpg\" alt=\"A vault light designed by Thaddeus Hyatt.\" width=\"800\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-800x700.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-160x140.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-1020x893.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-1200x1050.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt.jpg 1248w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vault light designed by Thaddeus Hyatt. \u003ccite>(Collection of Ian Macky/glassian.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>All over the city you can see glass squares and circles in big grid patterns covering a few feet of sidewalk. Sometimes the glass is clear, but often it’s a purple hue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What are they?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>They’re vault lights, which are essentially skylights for below ground. The little glass pieces are projecting sunlight down into subterranean spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the top of the glass is flat, so it doesn’t trip anyone, underneath the glass can take a variety of shapes. Some are shaped into prism forms that diffuse and bend the light so it reaches the inner areas of underground spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792094\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 609px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11792094\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights.jpg\" alt=\"This is originally from a 1914 "Metal Building Materials" catalog, displaying "Berger's Raydiant Sidewalk Lights."\" width=\"609\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights.jpg 609w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/SidewalkLights-160x68.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This illustration appeared in a 1914 “Metal Building Materials” catalog, displaying “Berger’s Raydiant Sidewalk Lights.” \u003ccite>(Collection of Ian Macky /glassian.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Across the country, vault lights are used to illuminate a variety of iconic and interesting projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vault lights were used to light \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/19/realestate/streetscapes-subway-platforms-letting-the-sun-shine-in.html\">some of New York City’s first subway stations\u003c/a> and were placed in the ground of the opulent passenger concourse in the city’s original Pennsylvania Station. In that now destroyed icon, natural light would pour through the buildings arched glass canopy and would then spill down into the lower levels of the station through hundreds of vault lights in the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791702\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-800x628.png\" alt=\"The passenger concourse at the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, built in 1910. The floor is covered in vault lighting.\" width=\"800\" height=\"628\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-800x628.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-160x126.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation-1020x801.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/PennStation.png 1190w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The passenger concourse at the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, built in 1910. The ground is mostly made up of pieces of glass that provide vault lighting. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1862, parts of Sacramento were raised as much as 14 feet to protect against flooding. (That year, California’s newly elected governor, Leland Stanford, was brought to his inauguration in a rowboat.) In some places, instead of lifting the building, they simply built over the first floor. Which means below the sidewalk it’s now possible to walk between abandoned storefronts, bathed in the purple glow of vault lights. Similar projects have taken place in cities across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792461\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792461\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/8666275137_af6449709a_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old sidewalk prisms, many of which have broken. \u003ccite>(Britta Gustafson/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, vault lights are mostly used to illuminate sub-sidewalk basements — ie. basements that extend under the sidewalk. Often, these are used as extra storage or work space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791675\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791675\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Beneath a vault light inside a sub-sidewalk basement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_5900.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beneath a vault light inside a sub-sidewalk basement. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Why is the glass colored?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Glass is made of silica, which can be found in sand. Often, though, sand will have other elements in it too. In order to clarify and stabilize the glass from these other elements, chemists could use manganese dioxide. When vault lights were first installed, much of the glass was clear. But when the manganese is exposed to UV rays for long periods of time, it photo-oxidizes and turns purple or pinkish. Hence, the reason so much of the glass is now purple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process can take decades. So when you see colored glass, it’s either really old or someone dyed it to mimic the old glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Where were vault lights first used?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This kind of technology was used on ships as deck lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s long been the traditional way of lighting the interior of ships. While kerosene lamps were sometimes used, the smoke could make interior spaces uncomfortable. And candles could become a fire hazard on wooden ships,” says Diane Cooper, a museum technician at the San Francisco Maritime National Historic Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791720\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791720\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-800x572.jpg\" alt='The purple six-sided pointed prism has a flat bottom that would have been flush with the deck of a ship. The rectangular deck light has a series of \"ribs\" that run the length of the prism. ' width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-800x572.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms-1200x858.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckPrisms.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The purple six-sided pointed prism has a flat bottom that would have been flush with the deck of a ship. The rectangular deck light has a series of “ribs” that run the length of the prism. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park, photographed by Chris Wilhite)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The prisms inlaid into the deck were intended to direct light both down and up. The daylight comes down to light potential sleeping areas where sailors might forget about a candle. And if a fire breaks out below, the prisms would glow with warning for the sailors above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you had coal in your hold, you’d need to be able to see that there’s light down there,” says Cooper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791721\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791721\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-800x625.jpg\" alt=\"Two deck lights can be seen beneath the life ring on the steam tug Herculese. The lights shine into the crew's fo'c's'le.\" width=\"800\" height=\"625\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-800x625.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-1020x797.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3-1200x938.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/DeckLights3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two deck lights can be seen beneath the life ring on the steam tug Herculese. The lights shine into the crew’s fo’c’s’le. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park, photographed by Chris Wilhite)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On land, it was also difficult to use a flame to light subterranean spaces due to smoke, fire hazard and expense. Instead they sometimes used open grates, which had the disadvantage of letting water seep through and could be difficult to walk atop when wearing heels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1845, inventor Thaddeus Hyatt developed a vault cover with a series of glass lenses in big cast-iron panels. The panels were modular so you could use them over large areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyatt produced glass pieces that were both flat on the bottom, and “refracting” lenses that were prism shaped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyatt’s innovation in subterranean lighting made him rich as his vault covers were used all over the country. With his newly acquired wealth he spent much of the rest of his time and money fighting for the abolition of slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792091\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792091\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-800x700.jpg\" alt=\"A vault light designed by Thaddeus Hyatt.\" width=\"800\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-800x700.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-160x140.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-1020x893.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt-1200x1050.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Hyatt.jpg 1248w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vault light designed by Thaddeus Hyatt. \u003ccite>(Collection of Ian Macky/glassian.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
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"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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},
"science-friday": {
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
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"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
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