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"content": "\u003cp>On Prime Day, one of Amazon’s busiest shopping days, immigrant community members and labor activists in San Francisco protested the company's controversial ties with law enforcement nationwide and its labor practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters from activist groups including Bay Resistance, San Francisco Rising and Causa Justa Just Cause gathered outside of retail giant Amazon’s downtown office on Monday, demanding the company sever ties with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and local law enforcement, and improve working conditions for employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU says Amazon \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/blog/privacy-technology/surveillance-technologies/amazon-teams-government-deploy-dangerous-new?redirect=blog/amazon-teams-law-enforcement-deploy-dangerous-new-facial-recognition-technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">partners with local law enforcement agencies\u003c/a> across the country who use its facial recognition software, Rekognition, to solve cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/amazon-pushes-ice-to-buy-its-face-recognition-surveillance-tech\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Daily Beast\u003c/a> reported that in June 2018, Amazon was in talks with ICE about the agency possibly using Rekognition. The company \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-ice-government-provides-facial-recognition-tech-2018-12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has not previously denied that ICE uses the recognition technology\u003c/a>; it has said the software should be better regulated by governmental agencies. ICE told KQED it couldn't comment on investigative techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Amazon shouldn’t be profiting off of people’s real pain and real lives that are being torn apart,” said Kung Feng, executive director of Jobs With Justice, who spoke at the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIT Technology Review also reported last year that Amazon Web Services hosts software created by data analysis company Palantir, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/s/612335/amazon-is-the-invisible-backbone-behind-ices-immigration-crackdown/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ICE uses in its operations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco protesters tried to deliver a box of petitions to the Amazon office that urged the company to eliminate any association with ICE and to improve warehouse working conditions. Four activists attempting to deliver the petitions were barred from entering the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t support the use of this facial recognition technology. It’s an industry that is unregulated, and we don’t want Amazon to be making choices on our behalf in creating and using this technology,” said Beatriz Herrera, a lead organizer of San Francisco Rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to KQED News, Amazon spokesman said “companies and government organizations need to use existing and new technology responsibly and lawfully,” adding that “there is clearly a need for more clarity from governments on what is acceptable use of AI and ramifications for its misuse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, the San Francisco City Council banned facial recognition software in the city; on Tuesday, the Oakland City Council will hear a similar resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon workers have previously \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/s/powertrip/im-an-amazon-employee-my-company-shouldn-t-sell-facial-recognition-tech-to-police-36b5fde934ac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">protested the company’s ties to law enforcement\u003c/a>, and Forbes has reported that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelsandler/2019/07/11/internal-email-amazon-faces-pressure-from-more-than-500-employees-to-cut-ties-with-palantir-for-working-with-ice/?utm_source=TWITTER&utm_medium=social&utm_content=2467751693&utm_campaign=sprinklrForbesMainTwitter#7524f2b27539\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pressure is still on\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco protesters were also acting in solidarity \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/recode/2019/7/15/20695342/amazon-workers-strike-minnesota-prime-day-mn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">with warehouse workers in Minnesota\u003c/a> who are calling for Amazon to ease up on what they said were intense working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Prime Day, one of Amazon’s busiest shopping days, immigrant community members and labor activists in San Francisco protested the company's controversial ties with law enforcement nationwide and its labor practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters from activist groups including Bay Resistance, San Francisco Rising and Causa Justa Just Cause gathered outside of retail giant Amazon’s downtown office on Monday, demanding the company sever ties with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and local law enforcement, and improve working conditions for employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU says Amazon \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/blog/privacy-technology/surveillance-technologies/amazon-teams-government-deploy-dangerous-new?redirect=blog/amazon-teams-law-enforcement-deploy-dangerous-new-facial-recognition-technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">partners with local law enforcement agencies\u003c/a> across the country who use its facial recognition software, Rekognition, to solve cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/amazon-pushes-ice-to-buy-its-face-recognition-surveillance-tech\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Daily Beast\u003c/a> reported that in June 2018, Amazon was in talks with ICE about the agency possibly using Rekognition. The company \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-ice-government-provides-facial-recognition-tech-2018-12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has not previously denied that ICE uses the recognition technology\u003c/a>; it has said the software should be better regulated by governmental agencies. ICE told KQED it couldn't comment on investigative techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Amazon shouldn’t be profiting off of people’s real pain and real lives that are being torn apart,” said Kung Feng, executive director of Jobs With Justice, who spoke at the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIT Technology Review also reported last year that Amazon Web Services hosts software created by data analysis company Palantir, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.technologyreview.com/s/612335/amazon-is-the-invisible-backbone-behind-ices-immigration-crackdown/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ICE uses in its operations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco protesters tried to deliver a box of petitions to the Amazon office that urged the company to eliminate any association with ICE and to improve warehouse working conditions. Four activists attempting to deliver the petitions were barred from entering the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t support the use of this facial recognition technology. It’s an industry that is unregulated, and we don’t want Amazon to be making choices on our behalf in creating and using this technology,” said Beatriz Herrera, a lead organizer of San Francisco Rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to KQED News, Amazon spokesman said “companies and government organizations need to use existing and new technology responsibly and lawfully,” adding that “there is clearly a need for more clarity from governments on what is acceptable use of AI and ramifications for its misuse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, the San Francisco City Council banned facial recognition software in the city; on Tuesday, the Oakland City Council will hear a similar resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon workers have previously \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/s/powertrip/im-an-amazon-employee-my-company-shouldn-t-sell-facial-recognition-tech-to-police-36b5fde934ac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">protested the company’s ties to law enforcement\u003c/a>, and Forbes has reported that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelsandler/2019/07/11/internal-email-amazon-faces-pressure-from-more-than-500-employees-to-cut-ties-with-palantir-for-working-with-ice/?utm_source=TWITTER&utm_medium=social&utm_content=2467751693&utm_campaign=sprinklrForbesMainTwitter#7524f2b27539\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pressure is still on\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco protesters were also acting in solidarity \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/recode/2019/7/15/20695342/amazon-workers-strike-minnesota-prime-day-mn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">with warehouse workers in Minnesota\u003c/a> who are calling for Amazon to ease up on what they said were intense working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Federal Trade Commission voted on Friday to fine Facebook for privacy violations and mishandling user data, according to the Wall Street Journal and other news outlets. Most reports cited an unnamed person familiar with the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At $5 billion, the fine the FTC is about to levy on Facebook is by far the largest it’s given to a technology company, easily eclipsing the second largest, $22 million for Google in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-expected punishment, which Facebook is well prepared for, is unlikely to make a dent in the social media giant’s deep pockets. But it will also likely saddle the company with additional restrictions and another lengthy stretch of strict scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook and the FTC declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 3-2 vote broke along party lines, with Republicans in support and Democrats in opposition to the settlement, according to the reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case now moves to the Justice Department’s civil division for review. It’s unclear how long the process would take, though it is likely to be approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Justice Department spokeswoman declined to comment on the Facebook matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many companies, a $5 billion fine would be crippling. But Facebook is not most companies. It had nearly $56 billion in revenue last year. This year, analysts expect around $69 billion, according to Zacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a one-time expense, the company will also be able to exclude the amount from its adjusted earnings results —the profit figure that investors and financial analysts pay attention to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This closes a dark chapter and puts it in the rearview mirror with Cambridge Analytica,” said Wedbush analyst Daniel Ives. “Investors still had lingering worries that the fine might not be approved. Now, the Street can breathe a little easier.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has earmarked $3 billion for a potential fine and said in April it was anticipating having to pay up to $5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while Wall Street — and likely Facebook executives — may be breathing a little easier, the fine alone has not appeased Facebook critics, including privacy advocates and lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reported $5 billion penalty is barely a tap on the wrist, not even a slap,” said Senator Richard Blumenthal, a Democrat from Connecticut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More Facebook Coverage\" tag=\"facebook\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Such a financial punishment for a purposeful, blatant illegality is chump change for a company that makes tens of billions of dollars every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and others questioned whether the FTC will force Facebook to make any meaningful changes to how it handles user data. This might include limits on what information it collects on people and how it targets ads to them. It’s currently unclear what measures the settlement includes beyond the fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy advocates have been calling on the FTC to come down on Facebook for a decade, but over that time the company’s money, power and Washington influence has only increased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Privacy regulation in the U.S. is broken. While large after-the-fact fines matter, what is much more important is strong, clear rules to protect consumers,” said Nuala O’Connor, president and CEO of the Center for Democracy and Technology. The CDT is pushing for federal online privacy legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some have called on the FTC to hold Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg personally liable for the privacy violations in some way, but based on the party line vote breakdown, experts said this is not likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marc Rotenberg, president of the nonprofit online privacy advocacy group Electronic Privacy Information Center, said he was “confused” as to why the Democratic commissioners didn’t support the settlement and said he suspects, without having seen the actual settlement, that this was due to the Zuckerberg liability question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I thought that was misguided,” he said, adding that EPIC instead supports more wholesale limits on how Facebook handles user privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the Cambridge Analytica debacle erupted more than a year ago and prompted the FTC investigation, Facebook has vowed to do a better job corralling its users’ data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That scandal revealed that a data mining firm affiliated with President Donald Trump’s 2016 campaign improperly accessed private information from as many as 87 million Facebook users through a quiz app. At issue was whether Facebook violated a 2011 settlement with the FTC over user privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other leaky controls have also since come to light. Facebook acknowledged giving big tech companies like Amazon and Yahoo extensive access to users’ personal data , in effect exempting them from its usual privacy rules. And it collected call and text logs from phones running Google’s Android system in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wall Street appeared unfazed at the prospect of the fine. Facebook’s shares closed at $204.87 on Friday and added 24 cents after hours. The stock is up more than 50 percent since the beginning of the year. In fact, Facebook’s market value has increased by $64 billion since its April earnings report when it announced how much it was expecting to be fined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. David Cicilline, a Democrat from Rhode Island, said in a statement that the fine gives Facebook “a Christmas present five months early. It’s very disappointing that such an enormously powerful company that engaged in such serious misconduct is getting a slap on the wrist. This fine is a fraction of Facebook’s annual revenue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cicilline leads the House Judiciary subcommittee on antitrust, which is pursuing a bipartisan investigation of the big tech companies’ market dominance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fine, however, doesn’t spell the end of Facebook’s troubles. The company faces a slew of other investigations, both in the U.S. and overseas, that could carry their own fines and, more importantly possible limits to its data collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This includes nearly a dozen by the Irish Data Protection Commissioner, which oversees privacy regulation in the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Federal Trade Commission voted on Friday to fine Facebook for privacy violations and mishandling user data, according to the Wall Street Journal and other news outlets. Most reports cited an unnamed person familiar with the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At $5 billion, the fine the FTC is about to levy on Facebook is by far the largest it’s given to a technology company, easily eclipsing the second largest, $22 million for Google in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-expected punishment, which Facebook is well prepared for, is unlikely to make a dent in the social media giant’s deep pockets. But it will also likely saddle the company with additional restrictions and another lengthy stretch of strict scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook and the FTC declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 3-2 vote broke along party lines, with Republicans in support and Democrats in opposition to the settlement, according to the reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case now moves to the Justice Department’s civil division for review. It’s unclear how long the process would take, though it is likely to be approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Justice Department spokeswoman declined to comment on the Facebook matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many companies, a $5 billion fine would be crippling. But Facebook is not most companies. It had nearly $56 billion in revenue last year. This year, analysts expect around $69 billion, according to Zacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a one-time expense, the company will also be able to exclude the amount from its adjusted earnings results —the profit figure that investors and financial analysts pay attention to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This closes a dark chapter and puts it in the rearview mirror with Cambridge Analytica,” said Wedbush analyst Daniel Ives. “Investors still had lingering worries that the fine might not be approved. Now, the Street can breathe a little easier.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has earmarked $3 billion for a potential fine and said in April it was anticipating having to pay up to $5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while Wall Street — and likely Facebook executives — may be breathing a little easier, the fine alone has not appeased Facebook critics, including privacy advocates and lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reported $5 billion penalty is barely a tap on the wrist, not even a slap,” said Senator Richard Blumenthal, a Democrat from Connecticut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Such a financial punishment for a purposeful, blatant illegality is chump change for a company that makes tens of billions of dollars every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and others questioned whether the FTC will force Facebook to make any meaningful changes to how it handles user data. This might include limits on what information it collects on people and how it targets ads to them. It’s currently unclear what measures the settlement includes beyond the fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy advocates have been calling on the FTC to come down on Facebook for a decade, but over that time the company’s money, power and Washington influence has only increased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Privacy regulation in the U.S. is broken. While large after-the-fact fines matter, what is much more important is strong, clear rules to protect consumers,” said Nuala O’Connor, president and CEO of the Center for Democracy and Technology. The CDT is pushing for federal online privacy legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some have called on the FTC to hold Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg personally liable for the privacy violations in some way, but based on the party line vote breakdown, experts said this is not likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marc Rotenberg, president of the nonprofit online privacy advocacy group Electronic Privacy Information Center, said he was “confused” as to why the Democratic commissioners didn’t support the settlement and said he suspects, without having seen the actual settlement, that this was due to the Zuckerberg liability question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I thought that was misguided,” he said, adding that EPIC instead supports more wholesale limits on how Facebook handles user privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the Cambridge Analytica debacle erupted more than a year ago and prompted the FTC investigation, Facebook has vowed to do a better job corralling its users’ data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That scandal revealed that a data mining firm affiliated with President Donald Trump’s 2016 campaign improperly accessed private information from as many as 87 million Facebook users through a quiz app. At issue was whether Facebook violated a 2011 settlement with the FTC over user privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other leaky controls have also since come to light. Facebook acknowledged giving big tech companies like Amazon and Yahoo extensive access to users’ personal data , in effect exempting them from its usual privacy rules. And it collected call and text logs from phones running Google’s Android system in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wall Street appeared unfazed at the prospect of the fine. Facebook’s shares closed at $204.87 on Friday and added 24 cents after hours. The stock is up more than 50 percent since the beginning of the year. In fact, Facebook’s market value has increased by $64 billion since its April earnings report when it announced how much it was expecting to be fined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. David Cicilline, a Democrat from Rhode Island, said in a statement that the fine gives Facebook “a Christmas present five months early. It’s very disappointing that such an enormously powerful company that engaged in such serious misconduct is getting a slap on the wrist. This fine is a fraction of Facebook’s annual revenue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cicilline leads the House Judiciary subcommittee on antitrust, which is pursuing a bipartisan investigation of the big tech companies’ market dominance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fine, however, doesn’t spell the end of Facebook’s troubles. The company faces a slew of other investigations, both in the U.S. and overseas, that could carry their own fines and, more importantly possible limits to its data collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This includes nearly a dozen by the Irish Data Protection Commissioner, which oversees privacy regulation in the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 12:20 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y., is being sued by two people who say they criticized her on Twitter and were then blocked from her account, which has more than 4.7 million followers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two federal lawsuits were filed Tuesday, the same day a federal appeals court in New York upheld a lower court ruling that President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/09/739906562/u-s-appeals-court-rules-trump-violated-first-amendment-by-blocking-twitter-follo\">violated the First Amendment\u003c/a> by blocking critics on Twitter. The three-judge panel's unanimous ruling said that because Trump uses his Twitter account as a public forum, he cannot bar people who disagree with him from taking part in an open dialogue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuits against Ocasio-Cortez were filed by Dov Hikind, a former New York state assemblyman, and Joseph Saladino, a social media personality who goes by the name Joey Salads and is running for Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saladino \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JoeySalads/status/1148654321896251394\">announced\u003c/a> his lawsuit Tuesday on Twitter, saying, \"Trump is not allowed to block people, will the standards apply equally? Stay tuned to find out!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the court document he posted, Ocasio-Cortez blocked Saladino on May 9. Hikind's \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/416352231/Hikind-lawsuit-against-AOC-pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> states that he lost access to the freshman lawmaker's @AOC Twitter account on Monday, a day before the appeals court ruling on Trump's social media account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was spectacular timing, it was godly in a sense, and I say that tongue in cheek,\" Hikind told NPR by phone from Israel. He added, \"I really don't think [the timing] matters, and since it happened, if she had courage, she would just do the right thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hikind said he was blocked after criticizing Ocasio-Cortez for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AOC/status/1146170846303662081\">equating\u003c/a> migrant holding facilities at the U.S. southern border to concentration camps. Hikind accused her of blocking him \"purely because of his speech in support of Jewish values and Israel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corbin Trent, a spokesperson for Ocasio-Cortez, told NPR that her office had no comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saladino, who is running as a Republican for a congressional seat representing Staten Island and Brooklyn, has about 2.5 million subscribers on YouTube and 104,000 followers on Twitter. \u003ca href=\"https://saladinoforcongress.com/about/\">He said\u003c/a> he wants to use his social media skills to help conservatives with messaging after he \"suddenly realized his liberal friends were protecting the institutions and establishments that were hostile to Staten Island.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of his videos have spurred accusations of \u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/joey-salads-youtube-star-famous-for-racist-pranks-launches-congressional-bid\">racism\u003c/a>. He also \u003ca href=\"http://Ihave%20had%20sex%20thousands%20of%20times,%20Not%20one%20pregnancy.\">discussed\u003c/a> his sex life in a Twitter thread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some New York Democrats voiced their support for Ocasio-Cortez. \"Blocking people on social media — esp as women, typically subjected to an avalanche of hateful and misogynistic speech online — is not a violation of their First Amendment rights,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JuliaCarmel__/status/1148951675547336704\">said state Sen. Julia Salazar\u003c/a>, D-Brooklyn. \"None of us have a constitutional right to use someone's Twitter to abuse them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hikind said his criticism of Ocasio-Cortez focused on policy and never veered into vile territory. \"This is about every elected official,\" he told NPR. \"Just because you don't like what someone is saying, just because you can't deal with someone's criticism of your policy, 'I'll be deaf and dumb,' that's hopefully going to be history all over the country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 12:20 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y., is being sued by two people who say they criticized her on Twitter and were then blocked from her account, which has more than 4.7 million followers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two federal lawsuits were filed Tuesday, the same day a federal appeals court in New York upheld a lower court ruling that President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/09/739906562/u-s-appeals-court-rules-trump-violated-first-amendment-by-blocking-twitter-follo\">violated the First Amendment\u003c/a> by blocking critics on Twitter. The three-judge panel's unanimous ruling said that because Trump uses his Twitter account as a public forum, he cannot bar people who disagree with him from taking part in an open dialogue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuits against Ocasio-Cortez were filed by Dov Hikind, a former New York state assemblyman, and Joseph Saladino, a social media personality who goes by the name Joey Salads and is running for Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saladino \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JoeySalads/status/1148654321896251394\">announced\u003c/a> his lawsuit Tuesday on Twitter, saying, \"Trump is not allowed to block people, will the standards apply equally? Stay tuned to find out!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the court document he posted, Ocasio-Cortez blocked Saladino on May 9. Hikind's \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/416352231/Hikind-lawsuit-against-AOC-pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> states that he lost access to the freshman lawmaker's @AOC Twitter account on Monday, a day before the appeals court ruling on Trump's social media account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was spectacular timing, it was godly in a sense, and I say that tongue in cheek,\" Hikind told NPR by phone from Israel. He added, \"I really don't think [the timing] matters, and since it happened, if she had courage, she would just do the right thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hikind said he was blocked after criticizing Ocasio-Cortez for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AOC/status/1146170846303662081\">equating\u003c/a> migrant holding facilities at the U.S. southern border to concentration camps. Hikind accused her of blocking him \"purely because of his speech in support of Jewish values and Israel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corbin Trent, a spokesperson for Ocasio-Cortez, told NPR that her office had no comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saladino, who is running as a Republican for a congressional seat representing Staten Island and Brooklyn, has about 2.5 million subscribers on YouTube and 104,000 followers on Twitter. \u003ca href=\"https://saladinoforcongress.com/about/\">He said\u003c/a> he wants to use his social media skills to help conservatives with messaging after he \"suddenly realized his liberal friends were protecting the institutions and establishments that were hostile to Staten Island.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of his videos have spurred accusations of \u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/joey-salads-youtube-star-famous-for-racist-pranks-launches-congressional-bid\">racism\u003c/a>. He also \u003ca href=\"http://Ihave%20had%20sex%20thousands%20of%20times,%20Not%20one%20pregnancy.\">discussed\u003c/a> his sex life in a Twitter thread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some New York Democrats voiced their support for Ocasio-Cortez. \"Blocking people on social media — esp as women, typically subjected to an avalanche of hateful and misogynistic speech online — is not a violation of their First Amendment rights,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JuliaCarmel__/status/1148951675547336704\">said state Sen. Julia Salazar\u003c/a>, D-Brooklyn. \"None of us have a constitutional right to use someone's Twitter to abuse them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hikind said his criticism of Ocasio-Cortez focused on policy and never veered into vile territory. \"This is about every elected official,\" he told NPR. \"Just because you don't like what someone is saying, just because you can't deal with someone's criticism of your policy, 'I'll be deaf and dumb,' that's hopefully going to be history all over the country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Instagram is rolling out a feature that will urge users to think twice before posting hateful comments, in an effort to minimize cyberbullying on the massive social media platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new feature uses artificial intelligence to screen content and notify users if their post may be harmful or offensive. Users will see a message: \"Are you sure you want to post this?\" They will then have the option to remove or change the comment before anyone else is able to see it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Hate Speech Online\" tag=\"hate-speech\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early tests of this feature found that some users are less likely to post harmful comments once they've had a chance to reflect on their post, Instagram chief Adam Mosseri wrote \u003ca href=\"https://instagram-press.com/blog/2019/07/08/our-commitment-to-lead-the-fight-against-online-bullying/\">in a blog post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gmail has a similar feature that gives users 30 seconds to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/24/417117823/gmail-now-features-a-way-to-ease-senders-remorse\">cancel an email\u003c/a> after pressing send.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other social media platforms have made attempts to monitor the type of content allowed on their platforms. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter has started to flag hateful or \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/06/27/736668003/twitter-adds-warning-label-for-offensive-political-tweets\">offensive tweets from politicians\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11759935/twitter-bans-dehumanizing-speech-toward-religious-groups-but-not-racial-groups-yet\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">on Tuesday announced\u003c/a> it will now prohibit hate speech targeting religious groups by using dehumanizing language, a ban it says may extend to other categories like race and gender. Facebook has \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/05/03/719897599/facebook-bans-alex-jones-louis-farrakhan-and-other-dangerous-individuals\">banned some white supremacists\u003c/a> and other accounts for hateful or offensive posts. But there is no hard-and-fast rule for what these platforms are expected to restrict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monitoring harmful content on social media is challenging. Justin Patchin, co-director of the Cyberbullying Research Center, says he works with different platforms that are trying to find a solution to this problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With massive amounts of content being created every second, Instagram is just one of the companies attempting to use AI to monitor posts. Both Facebook and Twitter have tried to use the technology in the past. But AI monitoring comes with challenges, and the algorithms often have a hard time interpreting slang and the nuances in different languages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram's latest feature is different from previous attempts by big social platforms to prevent cyberbullying because it uses AI to warn users but ultimately allows them to make the decision on what to post. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The transparency here is helpful to those who have wondered why these big social media companies aren't doing more technologically to address bullying,\" Patchin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram is the first big platform to try this method of preventing hateful content from circulating in its app. However, it's a similar concept to the app created by Trisha Prabhu in 2013. The then 13-year-old created a social platform called \u003ca href=\"http://www.rethinkwords.com/whatisrethink\">ReThink\u003c/a>, which also alerts users when their message may be offensive. ReThink was\u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Lifestyle/15-year-olds-rethink-app-aims-prevent-cyberbullying/story?id=33329748\"> praised for its innovation\u003c/a>, but Patchin says solutions need to be incorporated into already widely trafficked platforms to be the most effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patchin says these big social companies are moving in the right direction and are getting closer to finding a method for monitoring harmful content and cyberbullying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Companies have devoted a lot of energy to refining these systems, and they're getting better every year,\" he said. \"They do have a responsibility and obligation to lead the way and at least experiment with these kinds of technologies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram has plans to continue beefing up its safety features and will soon introduce a \"restrict\" feature, which allows users to filter content from specific accounts without blocking them. Instagram's Mosseri wrote in the blog post that the company decided to add that feature after users said they were worried that blocking accounts that were posting offensive comments on their page would lead to retaliation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Instagram+To+Flag+Hateful+Comments+Before+You+Send+Them&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early tests of this feature found that some users are less likely to post harmful comments once they've had a chance to reflect on their post, Instagram chief Adam Mosseri wrote \u003ca href=\"https://instagram-press.com/blog/2019/07/08/our-commitment-to-lead-the-fight-against-online-bullying/\">in a blog post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gmail has a similar feature that gives users 30 seconds to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/24/417117823/gmail-now-features-a-way-to-ease-senders-remorse\">cancel an email\u003c/a> after pressing send.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other social media platforms have made attempts to monitor the type of content allowed on their platforms. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter has started to flag hateful or \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/06/27/736668003/twitter-adds-warning-label-for-offensive-political-tweets\">offensive tweets from politicians\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11759935/twitter-bans-dehumanizing-speech-toward-religious-groups-but-not-racial-groups-yet\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">on Tuesday announced\u003c/a> it will now prohibit hate speech targeting religious groups by using dehumanizing language, a ban it says may extend to other categories like race and gender. Facebook has \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/05/03/719897599/facebook-bans-alex-jones-louis-farrakhan-and-other-dangerous-individuals\">banned some white supremacists\u003c/a> and other accounts for hateful or offensive posts. But there is no hard-and-fast rule for what these platforms are expected to restrict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monitoring harmful content on social media is challenging. Justin Patchin, co-director of the Cyberbullying Research Center, says he works with different platforms that are trying to find a solution to this problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With massive amounts of content being created every second, Instagram is just one of the companies attempting to use AI to monitor posts. Both Facebook and Twitter have tried to use the technology in the past. But AI monitoring comes with challenges, and the algorithms often have a hard time interpreting slang and the nuances in different languages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram's latest feature is different from previous attempts by big social platforms to prevent cyberbullying because it uses AI to warn users but ultimately allows them to make the decision on what to post. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The transparency here is helpful to those who have wondered why these big social media companies aren't doing more technologically to address bullying,\" Patchin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram is the first big platform to try this method of preventing hateful content from circulating in its app. However, it's a similar concept to the app created by Trisha Prabhu in 2013. The then 13-year-old created a social platform called \u003ca href=\"http://www.rethinkwords.com/whatisrethink\">ReThink\u003c/a>, which also alerts users when their message may be offensive. ReThink was\u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Lifestyle/15-year-olds-rethink-app-aims-prevent-cyberbullying/story?id=33329748\"> praised for its innovation\u003c/a>, but Patchin says solutions need to be incorporated into already widely trafficked platforms to be the most effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patchin says these big social companies are moving in the right direction and are getting closer to finding a method for monitoring harmful content and cyberbullying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Companies have devoted a lot of energy to refining these systems, and they're getting better every year,\" he said. \"They do have a responsibility and obligation to lead the way and at least experiment with these kinds of technologies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram has plans to continue beefing up its safety features and will soon introduce a \"restrict\" feature, which allows users to filter content from specific accounts without blocking them. Instagram's Mosseri wrote in the blog post that the company decided to add that feature after users said they were worried that blocking accounts that were posting offensive comments on their page would lead to retaliation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Instagram+To+Flag+Hateful+Comments+Before+You+Send+Them&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Twitter Bans 'Dehumanizing' Speech Toward Religious Groups, But Not Racial Groups (Yet)",
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"content": "\u003cp>Twitter now prohibits hate speech that targets religious groups by using dehumanizing language, a ban it says may extend to other categories like race and gender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Rashad Robinson, the president of online racial justice group Color of Change']'Twitter's failure to ban all forms of dehumanization immediately casts doubt on the company's commitment to fully stopping hate on the platform.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The social network already bars hateful language directed at individual religious adherents. It also bans hate speech on the basis of someone's race, gender and other categories. Tuesday's change \u003ca href=\"https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2019/hatefulconductupdate.html\">broadens the hate speech rule\u003c/a> to forbid likening entire religious groups to subhumans or vermin, without targeting a specific individual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, along with YouTube and Facebook, has been under fire for the prevalence of harassment and hate on its service. Twitter's latest update came after users wrote in thousands of responses when the company asked for suggestions on how to expand its hate speech policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760028\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11760028\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1195\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium.png 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-160x93.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-800x467.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-1020x595.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-1200x700.png 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-1920x1120.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Twitter provided examples of tweets that will be removed when reported. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Twitter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The company says it may also ban similar language aimed at other groups such as those defined by gender, race and sexual orientation, but it has not done so yet, sparking criticism from civil rights groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11757697,news_11757416,news_11702239' label='Related Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Twitter's failure to ban all forms of dehumanization immediately casts doubt on the company's commitment to fully stopping hate on the platform,\" said Rashad Robinson, the president of online racial justice group Color of Change, in a statement. \"It's no secret that Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey and other Silicon Valley leaders have been reluctant to stamp out discrimination and misinformation for fear of a conservative backlash.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/communitystandards/hate_speech\">similar policy\u003c/a> banning dehumanizing speech, \"statements of inferiority\" and attacks against people or groups who share protected characteristics such as race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, caste or religious affiliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/2801939?hl=en\">YouTube's policy\u003c/a> also bans material that promotes \"violence or hatred\" against individuals or groups based on categories such as age, disability, race, immigration status among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Twitter now prohibits hate speech that targets religious groups by using dehumanizing language, a ban it says may extend to other categories like race and gender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'Twitter's failure to ban all forms of dehumanization immediately casts doubt on the company's commitment to fully stopping hate on the platform.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The social network already bars hateful language directed at individual religious adherents. It also bans hate speech on the basis of someone's race, gender and other categories. Tuesday's change \u003ca href=\"https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2019/hatefulconductupdate.html\">broadens the hate speech rule\u003c/a> to forbid likening entire religious groups to subhumans or vermin, without targeting a specific individual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, along with YouTube and Facebook, has been under fire for the prevalence of harassment and hate on its service. Twitter's latest update came after users wrote in thousands of responses when the company asked for suggestions on how to expand its hate speech policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760028\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11760028\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1195\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium.png 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-160x93.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-800x467.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-1020x595.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-1200x700.png 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/dehumanizationreligion.png.img_.fullhd.medium-1920x1120.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Twitter provided examples of tweets that will be removed when reported. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Twitter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The company says it may also ban similar language aimed at other groups such as those defined by gender, race and sexual orientation, but it has not done so yet, sparking criticism from civil rights groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Twitter's failure to ban all forms of dehumanization immediately casts doubt on the company's commitment to fully stopping hate on the platform,\" said Rashad Robinson, the president of online racial justice group Color of Change, in a statement. \"It's no secret that Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey and other Silicon Valley leaders have been reluctant to stamp out discrimination and misinformation for fear of a conservative backlash.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/communitystandards/hate_speech\">similar policy\u003c/a> banning dehumanizing speech, \"statements of inferiority\" and attacks against people or groups who share protected characteristics such as race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, caste or religious affiliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/2801939?hl=en\">YouTube's policy\u003c/a> also bans material that promotes \"violence or hatred\" against individuals or groups based on categories such as age, disability, race, immigration status among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When two major earthquakes rattled the Mojave Desert this past weekend, Los Angeles residents didn’t receive an alert — prompting a public outcry for local officials to reassess and update the county’s local earthquake warning system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system currently in place, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715793/la-now-has-an-earthquake-alert-app-to-warn-us-before-the-big-one-hits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an app for L.A. County called “ShakeAlert,”\u003c/a> is programmed to send out notifications only when a 5.0 or higher magnitude earthquake is detected within the county, or if there’s intense shaking from a smaller tremor. Although at their epicenters, the magnitudes of the Ridgecrest and Trona earthquakes measured 6.4 and 7.1, respectively, the shaking detected within L.A. still fell below the system’s threshold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LACity/status/1146853301939347456\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got warnings here in the lab,” Dr. Lucy Jones, a research associate at Caltech’s Seismological Laboratory, said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101872052/early-earthquake-warning-systems-fail-for-southern-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on KQED’s Forum \u003c/a>on Monday. “But the decision had been made that the public version should be set at a higher threshold because they were concerned about false alarms at lower levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11759431,news_11759142' label='KQEDs coverage of recent earthquakes']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County officials now plan to lower the magnitude threshold for when notifications are sent out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this change is probably going to make us be able to meet the needs of the community,” said Leslie Luke, deputy director of L.A. County’s Office of Emergency Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan to implement a lower threshold has been in the works for some time, according to a spokesperson for L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti, who noted that more details are expected to be announced later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a statewide level, Jones said, there are two separate issues to tackle: expanding the network of seismometers to alert scientists when an earthquake is underway, and then actually delivering that information to people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is currently spending more than $16 million to install quake-detecting sensors throughout the state, and is aiming to spend $25 million more, with funding made available in Gov. Gavin Newsom’s recently approved budget, Michael Cabanatuan, a staff writer at the San Francisco Chronicle, said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101872052/early-earthquake-warning-systems-fail-for-southern-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on Forum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11755431,news_10840324,news_145659' label='Are You Prepared for the Next Quake?']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, a warning system like the one L.A. uses might not be as effective in the Bay Area, Cabanatuan said, noting that San Francisco and a number of East Bay cities are located directly on faults, and the closer a sensor is to an earthquake’s epicenter, the less warning time people there receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, scientists say last week’s quakes should serve as a wake-up call for Californians living on or near the San Andreas Fault to be prepared for the long-dreaded “Big One.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has been a very quiet time in California, especially Southern California,” Jones said about the lack of significant earthquakes in California over the past few decades. “It’s not that we can tell you when the next one is, but we can say that the last 20 years was abnormal. Don’t expect that to be what the next 20 years looks like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press, KQED’s Forum and The California Report’s Benjamin Gottlieb contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When two major earthquakes rattled the Mojave Desert this past weekend, Los Angeles residents didn’t receive an alert — prompting a public outcry for local officials to reassess and update the county’s local earthquake warning system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system currently in place, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715793/la-now-has-an-earthquake-alert-app-to-warn-us-before-the-big-one-hits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an app for L.A. County called “ShakeAlert,”\u003c/a> is programmed to send out notifications only when a 5.0 or higher magnitude earthquake is detected within the county, or if there’s intense shaking from a smaller tremor. Although at their epicenters, the magnitudes of the Ridgecrest and Trona earthquakes measured 6.4 and 7.1, respectively, the shaking detected within L.A. still fell below the system’s threshold.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County officials now plan to lower the magnitude threshold for when notifications are sent out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this change is probably going to make us be able to meet the needs of the community,” said Leslie Luke, deputy director of L.A. County’s Office of Emergency Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan to implement a lower threshold has been in the works for some time, according to a spokesperson for L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti, who noted that more details are expected to be announced later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a statewide level, Jones said, there are two separate issues to tackle: expanding the network of seismometers to alert scientists when an earthquake is underway, and then actually delivering that information to people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is currently spending more than $16 million to install quake-detecting sensors throughout the state, and is aiming to spend $25 million more, with funding made available in Gov. Gavin Newsom’s recently approved budget, Michael Cabanatuan, a staff writer at the San Francisco Chronicle, said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101872052/early-earthquake-warning-systems-fail-for-southern-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on Forum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, a warning system like the one L.A. uses might not be as effective in the Bay Area, Cabanatuan said, noting that San Francisco and a number of East Bay cities are located directly on faults, and the closer a sensor is to an earthquake’s epicenter, the less warning time people there receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, scientists say last week’s quakes should serve as a wake-up call for Californians living on or near the San Andreas Fault to be prepared for the long-dreaded “Big One.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has been a very quiet time in California, especially Southern California,” Jones said about the lack of significant earthquakes in California over the past few decades. “It’s not that we can tell you when the next one is, but we can say that the last 20 years was abnormal. Don’t expect that to be what the next 20 years looks like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press, KQED’s Forum and The California Report’s Benjamin Gottlieb contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>You may have noticed a growing number of retailers threatening to make deliveries by drone in the near future. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/e0fcf74b9a9d46d1a7c57463cf6f668c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-drone-alphabet/faa-paves-way-for-alphabet-unit-to-make-first-u-s-drone-deliveries-idUSKCN1RZ25N\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-06-12/uber-announces-plans-to-deliver-big-macs-by-drone-this-summer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Uber\u003c/a> and others have all been developing their own systems, and while the technology might not be there quite yet, experts say it will be soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11755751,news_11742154,news_11660802' label='The Future of Drone Delivery']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As those threats become reality, who’s going to manage all of that potential chaos in the skies above us? Well, the agency that already manages American airspace: the Federal Aviation Administration. Eventually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, researchers at \u003ca href=\"https://utm.arc.nasa.gov/index.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA Ames\u003c/a> in Mountain View are developing the air traffic management system to make it possible for Amazon to deliver pizza to your neighbor without harming you in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unmanned aircraft systems are already in the skies for all sorts of uses, including law enforcement, search and rescue, firefighting, agriculture, medical supply delivery, moviemaking, journalism and even real estate. But these are limited-use cases compared to the hundreds of thousands of commercially owned vehicles expected to take to the skies when retailers and restaurants are given the go-ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NASA Ames researchers in Mountain View are imagining something akin to what air traffic controllers do for passenger planes, but with cloud-based software. They’ve been working on this concept since 2015, and conducted multi-drone tests this year in Nevada and Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759484\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11759484\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Drone operators everywhere will be able to log into a cloud-based software system NASA Ames researchers are prototyping now. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1397\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut-800x582.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut-1020x742.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut-1200x873.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Drone operators everywhere will be able to log into a cloud-based software system NASA Ames researchers are prototyping now. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Don Richey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To start with, NASA Ames researcher Abhay Borade explained, every drone operator will have to log in with a plan for every flight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That volume, that area, that time and space, altitude. Then the system will check it against various parameters. Are you flying in a restricted air space? Are you in a national park? You’ll get a message back either that you’re accepted or rejected,” Borade said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the drone is airborne, its operator can track it on the software. The system communicates in real time what the drone is encountering after it leaves the operator’s line of sight: buildings, birds, bad weather and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a presumption the unexpected can and will happen, but it’s the drone operator’s responsibility to decide how to manage risk, at least, outside of a law enforcement emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In such a case, package delivery drone operators would be ordered to vacate the affected area, according to Ron Johnson, project manager for the unmanned aircraft systems traffic management project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11759487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The concept of urban air mobility involves multiple aircraft safely operating within a city. (Yellow circles are vehicles with passengers; pink circles are vehicles without passengers.)\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1126\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut.jpg 1500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-800x601.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-1200x901.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The concept of urban air mobility involves multiple aircraft safely operating within a city. (Yellow circles are vehicles with passengers; pink circles are vehicles without passengers.) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What happens if a drone operator refuses to comply? Or behaves badly in a myriad of other ways? The software can easily identify drones gone rogue, and it maintains records of the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Ron Johnson, project manager at NASA Ames']‘We’re doing everything now that we’re required to. The companies themselves, it’s in their interest to keep their drones from being hijacked or fouled with.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While NASA lays the technical groundwork for this brave new world, there will be plenty of opportunity for new rules and regulations to keep bad actors in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not going to happen all at once. When the FAA allows more and more operations, I think there’ll be constraints put on [drone traffic],” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s not just talking about the FAA establishing rules. Software can manage a nearly infinite variety of local and regional rules, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s say the good citizens of Mountain View — who already live in an area full of loud noises — don’t want drones buzzing on top of all that. Or perhaps they decide to geo-fence certain areas, and require drone traffic to travel or land in prescribed zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 985px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11759489\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38013_tcl4-v3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An artist's rendering of Las Vegas, Nevada, with commercial delivery drones flying about.\" width=\"985\" height=\"638\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38013_tcl4-v3-qut.jpg 985w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38013_tcl4-v3-qut-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38013_tcl4-v3-qut-800x518.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist’s rendering of Las Vegas, Nevada, with commercial delivery drones flying about. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As of now, in the U.S., FAA rules state that delivery-style drones must weigh less than 55 pounds and fly up to a ceiling of 400 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From my experience, if a drone is flying 400 feet above, you hardly hear it,” Johnson said. “Mountain View may say, ‘OK, you can fly a drone, but it can’t be below 300 feet.’ That type of constraint would be embedded into the system here. So that when somebody proposes flying at 200 feet, that plan is going to get rejected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens if a hacker gets into the system, or into the drones? Johnson professes to have a high degree of confidence that won’t happen. “We’re doing everything now that we’re required to. The companies themselves, it’s in their interest to keep their drones from being hijacked or fouled with,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Ron Johnson, project manager at NASA Ames']‘Right now, they already are soliciting public feedback for rules for flying over people. It’s perhaps less than a decade, but more than a couple of years [away].’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when will you get a pizza delivered by drone?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short answer: Not soon, even though the FAA has recently allowed a handful of companies to test drone delivery programs in urban and rural areas, and has even gone so far as to certify Alphabet’s Wing Aviation to operate as an airline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While more than 50 countries belong to Joint Authorities for Rulemaking of Unmanned Systems, a final set of standards has yet to be agreed upon. Johnson anticipates other countries are looking to the U.S. to take the lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went on to say, “We finish our major testing this summer. It will take us several months to document what we found and then the FAA gets into their processes. Right now, they already are soliciting public feedback for rules for flying over people. It’s perhaps less than a decade, but more than a couple of years [away].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That should give us all a little more time to get used to the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, NASA researchers on another team are developing a similar construct for what they call urban air mobility, or what we proverbially call air taxis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "How NASA Ames Is Helping the FAA Brace for the Rise of Delivery Drones | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>You may have noticed a growing number of retailers threatening to make deliveries by drone in the near future. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/e0fcf74b9a9d46d1a7c57463cf6f668c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-drone-alphabet/faa-paves-way-for-alphabet-unit-to-make-first-u-s-drone-deliveries-idUSKCN1RZ25N\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-06-12/uber-announces-plans-to-deliver-big-macs-by-drone-this-summer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Uber\u003c/a> and others have all been developing their own systems, and while the technology might not be there quite yet, experts say it will be soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As those threats become reality, who’s going to manage all of that potential chaos in the skies above us? Well, the agency that already manages American airspace: the Federal Aviation Administration. Eventually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, researchers at \u003ca href=\"https://utm.arc.nasa.gov/index.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA Ames\u003c/a> in Mountain View are developing the air traffic management system to make it possible for Amazon to deliver pizza to your neighbor without harming you in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unmanned aircraft systems are already in the skies for all sorts of uses, including law enforcement, search and rescue, firefighting, agriculture, medical supply delivery, moviemaking, journalism and even real estate. But these are limited-use cases compared to the hundreds of thousands of commercially owned vehicles expected to take to the skies when retailers and restaurants are given the go-ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NASA Ames researchers in Mountain View are imagining something akin to what air traffic controllers do for passenger planes, but with cloud-based software. They’ve been working on this concept since 2015, and conducted multi-drone tests this year in Nevada and Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759484\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11759484\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Drone operators everywhere will be able to log into a cloud-based software system NASA Ames researchers are prototyping now. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1397\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut-800x582.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut-1020x742.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38011_ACD16-0170-023orig-qut-1200x873.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Drone operators everywhere will be able to log into a cloud-based software system NASA Ames researchers are prototyping now. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Don Richey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To start with, NASA Ames researcher Abhay Borade explained, every drone operator will have to log in with a plan for every flight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That volume, that area, that time and space, altitude. Then the system will check it against various parameters. Are you flying in a restricted air space? Are you in a national park? You’ll get a message back either that you’re accepted or rejected,” Borade said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the drone is airborne, its operator can track it on the software. The system communicates in real time what the drone is encountering after it leaves the operator’s line of sight: buildings, birds, bad weather and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a presumption the unexpected can and will happen, but it’s the drone operator’s responsibility to decide how to manage risk, at least, outside of a law enforcement emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In such a case, package delivery drone operators would be ordered to vacate the affected area, according to Ron Johnson, project manager for the unmanned aircraft systems traffic management project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11759487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The concept of urban air mobility involves multiple aircraft safely operating within a city. (Yellow circles are vehicles with passengers; pink circles are vehicles without passengers.)\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1126\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut.jpg 1500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-800x601.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-1200x901.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38012_UAM-Landscape-Finalorig-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The concept of urban air mobility involves multiple aircraft safely operating within a city. (Yellow circles are vehicles with passengers; pink circles are vehicles without passengers.) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What happens if a drone operator refuses to comply? Or behaves badly in a myriad of other ways? The software can easily identify drones gone rogue, and it maintains records of the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While NASA lays the technical groundwork for this brave new world, there will be plenty of opportunity for new rules and regulations to keep bad actors in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not going to happen all at once. When the FAA allows more and more operations, I think there’ll be constraints put on [drone traffic],” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s not just talking about the FAA establishing rules. Software can manage a nearly infinite variety of local and regional rules, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s say the good citizens of Mountain View — who already live in an area full of loud noises — don’t want drones buzzing on top of all that. Or perhaps they decide to geo-fence certain areas, and require drone traffic to travel or land in prescribed zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 985px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11759489\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38013_tcl4-v3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An artist's rendering of Las Vegas, Nevada, with commercial delivery drones flying about.\" width=\"985\" height=\"638\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38013_tcl4-v3-qut.jpg 985w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38013_tcl4-v3-qut-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/RS38013_tcl4-v3-qut-800x518.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist’s rendering of Las Vegas, Nevada, with commercial delivery drones flying about. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As of now, in the U.S., FAA rules state that delivery-style drones must weigh less than 55 pounds and fly up to a ceiling of 400 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From my experience, if a drone is flying 400 feet above, you hardly hear it,” Johnson said. “Mountain View may say, ‘OK, you can fly a drone, but it can’t be below 300 feet.’ That type of constraint would be embedded into the system here. So that when somebody proposes flying at 200 feet, that plan is going to get rejected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens if a hacker gets into the system, or into the drones? Johnson professes to have a high degree of confidence that won’t happen. “We’re doing everything now that we’re required to. The companies themselves, it’s in their interest to keep their drones from being hijacked or fouled with,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when will you get a pizza delivered by drone?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short answer: Not soon, even though the FAA has recently allowed a handful of companies to test drone delivery programs in urban and rural areas, and has even gone so far as to certify Alphabet’s Wing Aviation to operate as an airline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While more than 50 countries belong to Joint Authorities for Rulemaking of Unmanned Systems, a final set of standards has yet to be agreed upon. Johnson anticipates other countries are looking to the U.S. to take the lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went on to say, “We finish our major testing this summer. It will take us several months to document what we found and then the FAA gets into their processes. Right now, they already are soliciting public feedback for rules for flying over people. It’s perhaps less than a decade, but more than a couple of years [away].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That should give us all a little more time to get used to the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, NASA researchers on another team are developing a similar construct for what they call urban air mobility, or what we proverbially call air taxis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Coffee poured. Pillow fluffed. E-book loaded. You’re ready to begin a delightful afternoon on your e-reader when, poof, the book disappears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in July, Microsoft will be closing its e-book library and erasing e-books from all devices. Consumers will receive a refund for every book purchased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company is able to shutter its store – which it \u003ca href=\"https://mspoweruser.com/first-look-windows-10s-upcoming-store-e-books/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">launched in 2017 \u003c/a>to compete with industry leaders Amazon, Apple and Barnes & Noble – due to a tool called Digital Rights Management or DRM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DRM allows companies to control content to protect copyright holders and prevent piracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things that I think people don’t realize that’s crucially important is that DRM and related software tools are embedded in all sorts of devices that we buy,” Aaron Perzanowski, the author of \u003cem>The End of Ownership: Personal Property in the Digital Economy, \u003c/em>tells NPR’s Lulu Garcia-Navarro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your car, your smart home appliances, your home security system – all of these systems have software that allows for this kind of control over how the devices are used, and I think we’re going to see these same sorts of situations crop up in the context of physical devices that are being used in people’s homes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way DRM is widely employed has been criticized by consumers and earned calls for regulation of Big Tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The initial vision for DRM was that it was going to allow for the sale of digital goods online in a way that reduced the risk of copyright infringement,” Perzanowski says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As this technology has been deployed what we’ve seen is that the big beneficiaries of DRM have not been copyright holders. They have been technology companies like Amazon, like Microsoft, who are able to control these ecosystems to make it harder for consumers to switch over to new platforms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pennlawreview.com/print/?id=547\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Pennsylvania Law Review article\u003c/a>, Perzanowski found that users are often misled when they click the “Buy Now” button, thinking that they’ve gained permanent ownership of digital content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other companies, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/18/technology/companies/18amazon.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://mashable.com/2008/09/27/walmart-drm/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Walmart\u003c/a>, have run into DRM-related troubles in the past, wiping out digital content to the chagrin of consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The e-book and online shopping giant, Amazon, obtained eye rolls when it \u003ca href=\"https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/2009/07/18/technology/companies/18amazon.html?mtrref=www.nytimes.com&gwh=89D54B40EDC6410BAE5528A90BDA392D&gwt=pay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deleted some George Orwell books\u003c/a> from the Kindle’s DRM server, including \u003cem>1984\u003c/em>. Apparently, the company did not understand the irony of erasing a book that famously details the dangers of thought control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perzanowski worries that DRM erodes personal property rights and that the scope extends beyond digital media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can go out and buy a car and you think you own the car because it’s parked in your garage,” Perzanowski says. “But in reality – how it functions, who can repair it, what replacement parts are compatible with it – all of that is controlled through software code. And, so I think that line between the physical and the digital is getting increasingly blurry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4497396/books-in-microsoft-store-faq?ranMID=43674&ranEAID=je6NUbpObpQ&ranSiteID=je6NUbpObpQ-FRrxI4tASwvSDcE4EfEBkw&epi=je6NUbpObpQ-FRrxI4tASwvSDcE4EfEBkw&irgwc=1&OCID=AID681541_aff_7795_1243925&tduid=(ir__zxrrxiiut269tpcafgyfvcytdv2xmmgiswg3ng1d00)(7795)(1243925)(je6NUbpObpQ-FRrxI4tASwvSDcE4EfEBkw)()&irclickid=_zxrrxiiut269tpcafgyfvcytdv2xmmgiswg3ng1d00\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explainer posted to its website\u003c/a>, Microsoft adds that anyone who wrote notes or marked-up e-books will receive an additional $25 credit. The company has not provided a reason for the closure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Scardera, a Reddit user, is one of the many Microsoft consumers affected by the e-book purge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was disappointed when Microsoft announced they were shutting the service down…” Scardera says. “In the future, I’ll be buying books from sources that use DRM-free formats, so that if a service is shut down I don’t lose my books or other media.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Microsoft+Closes+The+Book+On+Its+E-Library%2C+Erasing+All+User+Content&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your car, your smart home appliances, your home security system – all of these systems have software that allows for this kind of control over how the devices are used, and I think we’re going to see these same sorts of situations crop up in the context of physical devices that are being used in people’s homes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way DRM is widely employed has been criticized by consumers and earned calls for regulation of Big Tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The initial vision for DRM was that it was going to allow for the sale of digital goods online in a way that reduced the risk of copyright infringement,” Perzanowski says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As this technology has been deployed what we’ve seen is that the big beneficiaries of DRM have not been copyright holders. They have been technology companies like Amazon, like Microsoft, who are able to control these ecosystems to make it harder for consumers to switch over to new platforms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pennlawreview.com/print/?id=547\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Pennsylvania Law Review article\u003c/a>, Perzanowski found that users are often misled when they click the “Buy Now” button, thinking that they’ve gained permanent ownership of digital content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other companies, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/18/technology/companies/18amazon.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://mashable.com/2008/09/27/walmart-drm/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Walmart\u003c/a>, have run into DRM-related troubles in the past, wiping out digital content to the chagrin of consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The e-book and online shopping giant, Amazon, obtained eye rolls when it \u003ca href=\"https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/2009/07/18/technology/companies/18amazon.html?mtrref=www.nytimes.com&gwh=89D54B40EDC6410BAE5528A90BDA392D&gwt=pay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deleted some George Orwell books\u003c/a> from the Kindle’s DRM server, including \u003cem>1984\u003c/em>. Apparently, the company did not understand the irony of erasing a book that famously details the dangers of thought control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perzanowski worries that DRM erodes personal property rights and that the scope extends beyond digital media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can go out and buy a car and you think you own the car because it’s parked in your garage,” Perzanowski says. “But in reality – how it functions, who can repair it, what replacement parts are compatible with it – all of that is controlled through software code. And, so I think that line between the physical and the digital is getting increasingly blurry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4497396/books-in-microsoft-store-faq?ranMID=43674&ranEAID=je6NUbpObpQ&ranSiteID=je6NUbpObpQ-FRrxI4tASwvSDcE4EfEBkw&epi=je6NUbpObpQ-FRrxI4tASwvSDcE4EfEBkw&irgwc=1&OCID=AID681541_aff_7795_1243925&tduid=(ir__zxrrxiiut269tpcafgyfvcytdv2xmmgiswg3ng1d00)(7795)(1243925)(je6NUbpObpQ-FRrxI4tASwvSDcE4EfEBkw)()&irclickid=_zxrrxiiut269tpcafgyfvcytdv2xmmgiswg3ng1d00\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explainer posted to its website\u003c/a>, Microsoft adds that anyone who wrote notes or marked-up e-books will receive an additional $25 credit. The company has not provided a reason for the closure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Scardera, a Reddit user, is one of the many Microsoft consumers affected by the e-book purge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was disappointed when Microsoft announced they were shutting the service down…” Scardera says. “In the future, I’ll be buying books from sources that use DRM-free formats, so that if a service is shut down I don’t lose my books or other media.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Microsoft+Closes+The+Book+On+Its+E-Library%2C+Erasing+All+User+Content&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Rewards programs have long been used by retail stores and cafes to incentivize customers to shop there more often. Could that work for public transit, too?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new app called Miles is trying to do just that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's how it works: the app automatically tracks your location and can detect whether you're driving, biking or using public transit, says CEO Jigar Shah. Then, you get \"miles\" based on how far you traveled and how you traveled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving will get you the same the number of miles you traveled, taking public transit will get you triple and walking will get you 10 times as many as you actually walked. Then, users can cash those \"miles\" in for rewards like gift cards and promotions for stores, like 250 points for five dollars off cosmetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='public-transit' label='public transportation in the bay area']\"So from the consumer perspective it's extremely simple that the more they use the transit services the more they contribute towards greener travel,\" Shah said. \"It's better for the consumers, better for the cities and transit operators and for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miles makes money by collecting a fee from the companies who give out rewards on the app. It gives the companies a chance to publicize a new product or get people to use their service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miles recently partnered with CalTrain and SamTrans to give commuters extra rewards for riding with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But rewards apps like these only work if they can keep people engaged beyond the initial buzz of trying something new, according to Alex Bayen, director of UC Berkeley's Institute of Transportation Studies. He says there's three things that make people want to participate:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Am I making enough money from this to make it worth my time?\u003c/strong> Everyone has a dollar value they attach to an hour of their time. Often it's what you charge for an hour of work. Here in the Bay Area, that tends to be very high. \"So clearly money by itself is not just going to be the factor by which people will keep engaged,\" Bayen said.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Gamification.\u003c/strong> This type of app is on the fringes of the gaming industry, Bayen said. But, nevertheless, the challenges and maps that Miles employs could be \"fun\" enough to keep people engaged like the app is a game.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Attaching other values to the program besides money.\u003c/strong> Miles, for example, incentivizes walking and biking by rewarding you with more \"miles\" than for other forms of transit. \"So people rationally might [say], 'Oh this app actually helps me behave better,' better being healthier,\" Bayen said.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>Caltrain rider Tanya Kameswaran says she'd want the reward to be for something useful, like 10% off an Apple product. But it'd have to come quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Probably every hundred miles,\" she said. \"Short attention span.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's little faster than what Miles is offering. It typically takes a week of using the app to get a reward, according to Shah. But the app's roughly 5,000 Bay Area users do seem to think that's worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"So from the consumer perspective it's extremely simple that the more they use the transit services the more they contribute towards greener travel,\" Shah said. \"It's better for the consumers, better for the cities and transit operators and for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miles makes money by collecting a fee from the companies who give out rewards on the app. It gives the companies a chance to publicize a new product or get people to use their service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miles recently partnered with CalTrain and SamTrans to give commuters extra rewards for riding with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But rewards apps like these only work if they can keep people engaged beyond the initial buzz of trying something new, according to Alex Bayen, director of UC Berkeley's Institute of Transportation Studies. He says there's three things that make people want to participate:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Am I making enough money from this to make it worth my time?\u003c/strong> Everyone has a dollar value they attach to an hour of their time. Often it's what you charge for an hour of work. Here in the Bay Area, that tends to be very high. \"So clearly money by itself is not just going to be the factor by which people will keep engaged,\" Bayen said.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Gamification.\u003c/strong> This type of app is on the fringes of the gaming industry, Bayen said. But, nevertheless, the challenges and maps that Miles employs could be \"fun\" enough to keep people engaged like the app is a game.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Attaching other values to the program besides money.\u003c/strong> Miles, for example, incentivizes walking and biking by rewarding you with more \"miles\" than for other forms of transit. \"So people rationally might [say], 'Oh this app actually helps me behave better,' better being healthier,\" Bayen said.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>Caltrain rider Tanya Kameswaran says she'd want the reward to be for something useful, like 10% off an Apple product. But it'd have to come quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Probably every hundred miles,\" she said. \"Short attention span.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's little faster than what Miles is offering. It typically takes a week of using the app to get a reward, according to Shah. But the app's roughly 5,000 Bay Area users do seem to think that's worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A California lawmaker says he knew something had to be done after watching \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/cQ54GDm1eL0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a video\u003c/a> of Barack Obama calling President Trump “a total and complete dipshit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Set in what appears to be the Oval Office, the video also depicts the former president speaking fondly of the militant anti-colonial villain of the “Black Panther” comic franchise and claiming that Housing Secretary Ben Carson is brainwashed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The video was a fake, of course — a collaboration between the website Buzzfeed and filmmaker Jordan Peele. It’s Peele who speaks through Obama’s digitally re-rendered mouth to illustrate the dangers of A.I.-constructed “deepfake” videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the exception of some discoloration around the jaw and a not entirely convincing voice, it’s a solid forgery. And the technology used to make it is only getting better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I immediately realized, ‘Wow, this is a technology that plays right into the hands of people who are trying to influence our elections like we saw in 2016,’” said Assemblyman Marc Berman, a Democrat whose district includes Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Assemblyman Marc Berman']‘I don’t think the First Amendment applies to somebody’s ability to put fake words in my mouth.’[/pullquote]Berman, chair of the Assembly’s election committee, has introduced a bill that would make it illegal to “knowingly or recklessly” share “deceptive audio or visual media” of a political candidate within 60 days of an election “with the intent to injure the candidate’s reputation or to deceive a voter into voting for or against the candidate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would apply to state-of-the-art deepfakes, as well as to lower tech fabrications. It also makes an exception if the video or audio has a clear disclaimer that digital monkey business has been performed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Libel and forgeries are hardly new phenomena in politics. But as technological developments make it increasingly difficult to sort fake from real news, and to crack down on the dissemination of false information once it finds its way online, lawmakers like Berman are struggling to find some way to fight back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to wake up after the 2020 election, like we did in 2016, and say, ‘dang, we should have done more,’” said Berman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is at least one limit on what can be done. The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right to free speech — making it unclear whether a ban on convincing video forgeries would pass constitutional muster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union of California, the California News Publishers Association and the California Broadcasters Association all oppose the bill on First Amendment grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill cleared a hurdle on Thursday by winning approval from a Senate committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the hearing, Whitney Prout, staff attorney with the publishers’ association, called the bill “an ineffective and frankly unconstitutional solution that causes more problems than it solves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=' Electronic Frontier Foundation analysts']‘Congress must tread carefully if it seeks to address the actual problem without censoring lawful and socially valuable speech — such as parodies and satires.’[/pullquote]She warned that, if enacted into law, it could discourage social media users from sharing any political content online, lest it be a fake and they be held legally liable. Another possible consequence, she said, is that campaigns plaster every attack ad with a deepfake disclosure to shield themselves from lawsuits, leaving the voting public even more confused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The law surrounding the First Amendment really has evolved in a pre-internet world,” said Louis Tompros, a partner at the law office of WilmerHale in Boston and a lecturer at Harvard. The enactment of laws such as the one Berman proposes would “force the courts to really reconcile the whole body of First Amendment law with these new phenomenon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The method behind “deepfakery” is technically sophisticated, but its producers don’t need to be. These days, anyone with access to a YouTube tutorial and enough computing power can produce their own videographic forgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=forum_2010101870062,science_1943376]Hence the proliferation of so many comedic or satirical deepfakes. Some strive to make a point, like the one created by Peele or a more recent depiction of Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/business/technology/mark-zuckerberg-deepfake-will-remain-online/2019/06/12/4171916e-a25b-4842-9bf6-f5d07512055a_video.html?utm_term=.efa39a49afbc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bragging about stealing your data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are just internet-grade goofy. Consider the Q&A with the actress Jennifer Lawrence who speaks to reporters with the face of Steve Buscemi. (When shown the fake on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, Buscemi seemed remarkably unfazed: “I’ve never looked better,” he said).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the technology has, of course, been used for seedier purposes. The most popular application seems to be pornographic, with online forgers digitally grafting the faces of Hollywood celebrities onto the bodies of adult film actresses — without the knowledge or consent of either party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of Rana Ayyub, an Indian investigative journalist, the use was even more sinister. Last year, a fake sex video “starring” Ayyub was leaked online in an act of apparent retribution for her reporting that was sharply critical of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party. As Ayyub told \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/deepfake-porn_uk_5bf2c126e4b0f32bd58ba316?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFn7uAoruECGNzWpzYqYO_NQMLqM6cYcWAtBMO4-MRmywYLQN3lFfiZCLAB_Nbmp6wDfpS-LxrSyB9Yt6M9srDAM9lAqoL43aBqiRm1XTPJLCaDF9BEXyCJC6XZQM2CwjE0aw7t5kOKoYMJP3LEc75cNOJbxx7Yy5-973ESE-szo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Huffington Post\u003c/a>, the harassment and humiliation that followed sent her to the hospital with heart palpitations and led her to withdraw from online life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, Berman introduced another bill that would give anyone involuntarily depicted in a sexually explicit video — including a digital fake — the right to sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it seems only a matter of time before someone attempts to use the method for political purposes, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That conclusion was reinforced a few weeks ago when an edited video of \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/05/23/faked-pelosi-videos-slowed-make-her-appear-drunk-spread-across-social-media/?utm_term=.6dad5f36a763\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nancy Pelosi went viral\u003c/a>, in which the Democratic Speaker of the House appeared to be slurring her words as if drunk or cognitively impaired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The video wasn’t a deepfake. Rather than use machine-learning algorithms, its producers opted for the more primitive technological methods of slowing down the footage and raising the pitch of the voice. But it still elicited a wave of bipartisan angst about the threat that forged video poses to our democratic institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Florida GOP Sen. Marco Rubio characterized “very realistic fake videos” as a national security threat akin to aircraft carriers and nuclear weapons. And at a House hearing earlier this month, Democratic Congressman Adam Schiff from Burbank warned of the possible “nightmarish scenario” in which “a state-backed actor creates a deepfake video of a political candidate accepting a bribe.” Just as worrisome, he said, the mere existence of deepfakes allows bad actors to more convincingly dismiss real information as fake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Heritage/status/1020289722634076160\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some civil liberties groups are concerned that lawmakers will overreact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Congress must tread carefully if it seeks to address the actual problem without censoring lawful and socially valuable speech — such as parodies and satires,” analysts with the Electronic Frontier Foundation wrote in response to the hearing. The Foundation said they are reviewing Berman’s bill and do not yet have a position on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tompros said it would be difficult to craft a law banning socially harmful deepfakes without sweeping up more traditional forms of political speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it a ‘deceptive audio or visual media’ if, for example, I take a ten minute very nuanced policy speech and I clip out five seconds in the middle where it sounds like the person is taking an extreme position?” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lArPEDS0GTA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under that standard, a significant share of attack ads produced over the last half-century would be illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Berman’s proposal is much narrower than past legislative attempts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, Assemblyman Ed Chau, a Democrat from Monterey Park, introduced a bill that would have banned the online dissemination of any false information about a political candidate. Chau pulled the bill in the face of fierce pushback from civil liberties groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The focus on video and audio specifically could put this year’s proposal on firmer legal ground, said Eugene Volokh, a UCLA law professor and founder of \u003ca href=\"https://reason.com/volokh/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Volokh Conspiracy\u003c/a>, a law blog hosted by the libertarian magazine, Reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike a comment on climate change or the fiscal impact of tax legislation, where there is plenty of “dispute about what the actual truth is … with altered video or altered images at least the person who is originating it will tend to know what’s true and what’s false,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=' Louis Tompros, lawyer]‘Is it a ‘deceptive audio or visual media’ if, for example, I take a ten minute very nuanced policy speech and I clip out five seconds in the middle where it sounds like the person is taking an extreme position.’[/pullquote]He points to the 24 states that have criminal defamation laws that make it a punishable offense to knowingly or recklessly spread false information about a person. The U.S. Supreme Court has generally allowed these laws to remain on the books, although civil liberties organizations are fighting to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berman said his bill falls into that same category.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are restrictions around the First Amendment, including around the issue of fraud,” said Berman. “I don’t think the First Amendment applies to somebody’s ability to put fake words in my mouth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That might have once been a figure of speech, but no more. In the latest iteration of the technology, a few researchers at Adobe and American and German universities, produced a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ohadf.com/projects/text-based-editing/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new editing method\u003c/a> that allows anyone to insert new words into a video transcript and have a person in the video speak them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effect: using technology to literally put words into someone else’s mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the researchers showed their creations to a small survey of viewers, more than half mistook the fakes for the real thing.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A California lawmaker says he knew something had to be done after watching \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/cQ54GDm1eL0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a video\u003c/a> of Barack Obama calling President Trump “a total and complete dipshit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Set in what appears to be the Oval Office, the video also depicts the former president speaking fondly of the militant anti-colonial villain of the “Black Panther” comic franchise and claiming that Housing Secretary Ben Carson is brainwashed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The video was a fake, of course — a collaboration between the website Buzzfeed and filmmaker Jordan Peele. It’s Peele who speaks through Obama’s digitally re-rendered mouth to illustrate the dangers of A.I.-constructed “deepfake” videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the exception of some discoloration around the jaw and a not entirely convincing voice, it’s a solid forgery. And the technology used to make it is only getting better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I immediately realized, ‘Wow, this is a technology that plays right into the hands of people who are trying to influence our elections like we saw in 2016,’” said Assemblyman Marc Berman, a Democrat whose district includes Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Berman, chair of the Assembly’s election committee, has introduced a bill that would make it illegal to “knowingly or recklessly” share “deceptive audio or visual media” of a political candidate within 60 days of an election “with the intent to injure the candidate’s reputation or to deceive a voter into voting for or against the candidate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would apply to state-of-the-art deepfakes, as well as to lower tech fabrications. It also makes an exception if the video or audio has a clear disclaimer that digital monkey business has been performed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Libel and forgeries are hardly new phenomena in politics. But as technological developments make it increasingly difficult to sort fake from real news, and to crack down on the dissemination of false information once it finds its way online, lawmakers like Berman are struggling to find some way to fight back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to wake up after the 2020 election, like we did in 2016, and say, ‘dang, we should have done more,’” said Berman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is at least one limit on what can be done. The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right to free speech — making it unclear whether a ban on convincing video forgeries would pass constitutional muster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union of California, the California News Publishers Association and the California Broadcasters Association all oppose the bill on First Amendment grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill cleared a hurdle on Thursday by winning approval from a Senate committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the hearing, Whitney Prout, staff attorney with the publishers’ association, called the bill “an ineffective and frankly unconstitutional solution that causes more problems than it solves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>She warned that, if enacted into law, it could discourage social media users from sharing any political content online, lest it be a fake and they be held legally liable. Another possible consequence, she said, is that campaigns plaster every attack ad with a deepfake disclosure to shield themselves from lawsuits, leaving the voting public even more confused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The law surrounding the First Amendment really has evolved in a pre-internet world,” said Louis Tompros, a partner at the law office of WilmerHale in Boston and a lecturer at Harvard. The enactment of laws such as the one Berman proposes would “force the courts to really reconcile the whole body of First Amendment law with these new phenomenon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The method behind “deepfakery” is technically sophisticated, but its producers don’t need to be. These days, anyone with access to a YouTube tutorial and enough computing power can produce their own videographic forgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Hence the proliferation of so many comedic or satirical deepfakes. Some strive to make a point, like the one created by Peele or a more recent depiction of Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/business/technology/mark-zuckerberg-deepfake-will-remain-online/2019/06/12/4171916e-a25b-4842-9bf6-f5d07512055a_video.html?utm_term=.efa39a49afbc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bragging about stealing your data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are just internet-grade goofy. Consider the Q&A with the actress Jennifer Lawrence who speaks to reporters with the face of Steve Buscemi. (When shown the fake on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, Buscemi seemed remarkably unfazed: “I’ve never looked better,” he said).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the technology has, of course, been used for seedier purposes. The most popular application seems to be pornographic, with online forgers digitally grafting the faces of Hollywood celebrities onto the bodies of adult film actresses — without the knowledge or consent of either party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of Rana Ayyub, an Indian investigative journalist, the use was even more sinister. Last year, a fake sex video “starring” Ayyub was leaked online in an act of apparent retribution for her reporting that was sharply critical of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party. As Ayyub told \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/deepfake-porn_uk_5bf2c126e4b0f32bd58ba316?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFn7uAoruECGNzWpzYqYO_NQMLqM6cYcWAtBMO4-MRmywYLQN3lFfiZCLAB_Nbmp6wDfpS-LxrSyB9Yt6M9srDAM9lAqoL43aBqiRm1XTPJLCaDF9BEXyCJC6XZQM2CwjE0aw7t5kOKoYMJP3LEc75cNOJbxx7Yy5-973ESE-szo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Huffington Post\u003c/a>, the harassment and humiliation that followed sent her to the hospital with heart palpitations and led her to withdraw from online life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, Berman introduced another bill that would give anyone involuntarily depicted in a sexually explicit video — including a digital fake — the right to sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it seems only a matter of time before someone attempts to use the method for political purposes, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That conclusion was reinforced a few weeks ago when an edited video of \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/05/23/faked-pelosi-videos-slowed-make-her-appear-drunk-spread-across-social-media/?utm_term=.6dad5f36a763\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nancy Pelosi went viral\u003c/a>, in which the Democratic Speaker of the House appeared to be slurring her words as if drunk or cognitively impaired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The video wasn’t a deepfake. Rather than use machine-learning algorithms, its producers opted for the more primitive technological methods of slowing down the footage and raising the pitch of the voice. But it still elicited a wave of bipartisan angst about the threat that forged video poses to our democratic institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Florida GOP Sen. Marco Rubio characterized “very realistic fake videos” as a national security threat akin to aircraft carriers and nuclear weapons. And at a House hearing earlier this month, Democratic Congressman Adam Schiff from Burbank warned of the possible “nightmarish scenario” in which “a state-backed actor creates a deepfake video of a political candidate accepting a bribe.” Just as worrisome, he said, the mere existence of deepfakes allows bad actors to more convincingly dismiss real information as fake.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>But some civil liberties groups are concerned that lawmakers will overreact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Congress must tread carefully if it seeks to address the actual problem without censoring lawful and socially valuable speech — such as parodies and satires,” analysts with the Electronic Frontier Foundation wrote in response to the hearing. The Foundation said they are reviewing Berman’s bill and do not yet have a position on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tompros said it would be difficult to craft a law banning socially harmful deepfakes without sweeping up more traditional forms of political speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it a ‘deceptive audio or visual media’ if, for example, I take a ten minute very nuanced policy speech and I clip out five seconds in the middle where it sounds like the person is taking an extreme position?” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/lArPEDS0GTA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/lArPEDS0GTA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Under that standard, a significant share of attack ads produced over the last half-century would be illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Berman’s proposal is much narrower than past legislative attempts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, Assemblyman Ed Chau, a Democrat from Monterey Park, introduced a bill that would have banned the online dissemination of any false information about a political candidate. Chau pulled the bill in the face of fierce pushback from civil liberties groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The focus on video and audio specifically could put this year’s proposal on firmer legal ground, said Eugene Volokh, a UCLA law professor and founder of \u003ca href=\"https://reason.com/volokh/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Volokh Conspiracy\u003c/a>, a law blog hosted by the libertarian magazine, Reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike a comment on climate change or the fiscal impact of tax legislation, where there is plenty of “dispute about what the actual truth is … with altered video or altered images at least the person who is originating it will tend to know what’s true and what’s false,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
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},
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
},
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"hidden-brain": {
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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