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"content": "\u003cp>Mary Nichols, the powerful head of the California Air Resources Board, didn’t even need to explicitly threaten a ban on gas-powered cars last week to get the attention of carmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The warning was only in her prepared statements for a workshop with the state Transportation Commission. But the remarks, obtained by \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-16/california-regulator-threatens-trump-with-gasoline-engine-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a>, hit headlines and the industry took notice. That was the point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Mary Nichols, California Air Resources Board']'By 2045, there can’t be any cars sold in California that aren’t zero emissions vehicles of one sort or another.'[/pullquote]Nichols is making it clear that if the Trump administration follows through on threats to hamstring California’s ability to police tailpipe emissions, the state will need to find another way to keep the air clean. That will affect people and industries, including car manufacturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue is the Trump administration’s proposal to roll back tailpipe emissions and fuel economy regulations that have been on the books for years. Trump’s Environmental Protection Agency would also yank a key waiver that lets California make its own clean air rules and requires that auto manufacturers \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/zero-emission-vehicle-program/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sell a certain percentage\u003c/a> of clean cars in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal proposal hasn’t yet been finalized — and likely will be tied up in court for years. Still, the transportation sector is the No. 1 producer of greenhouse gases in California, and the state is bracing for a hit to its climate goals and air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potential fallout was the subject of a recent workshop with the Transportation Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remarks written for the workshop said the rollbacks could force the air board to look for other ways to curb pollution, including “an outright ban on internal combustion engines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out loud, however, Nichols spoke more vaguely of “potentially looking at things like fees, taxes and bans on certain types of vehicles and products. And these are not things that most of us think are the right way to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Ban — Not a Word That We Use'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ban on gas-powered cars isn’t imminent, Nichols said in an interview with CALmatters this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ban — it’s not a word that we use, and we don’t like to use it,” she said. “But sometimes, we perhaps have to make a point. And the message here was intended to be heard by the auto industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Meredith Hankins, UCLA School of Law']'It may be sort of dead on arrival under this current administration.'[/pullquote]The auto industry \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/2011-commitment-letters-2017-2025-light-duty-national\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">initially supported\u003c/a> the fuel economy and greenhouse gas standards the Obama administration finalized in 2012. The standards were set through 2025, and a federal review in 2016 reported that industry was technologically on track to meet them. It also projected fuel savings and public health benefits for the public. But when President Trump took office, the auto industry asked the administration to revisit the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent workshop wasn’t the first time Nichols had pointed words for the auto industry. At a public meeting in 2017, she asked automakers: “What were you thinking when you threw yourselves upon the mercy of the Trump administration to try to solve your problems?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not even the first time she’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-mary-nichols-electric-1506523771-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">talked about a ban\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps that’s why when the auto industry heard Nichols’ latest message, it didn’t appear to worry. Gloria Bergquist, vice president of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, said if the state banned the sale of traditional gas-powered vehicles, the industry would wind up selling more electrified ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d move them from dealer’s lots and get them into people’s garages. So that’s good — good for automakers,” said Bergquist, who added the automakers she represents have a stake in selling the electrified models they’ve invested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern would be in areas where automakers don’t yet have enough options — like work vehicles, for instance. “There are very few electrified pickups that could do the work that [farmers] need to do,” Bergquist said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is a Ban Feasible?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter the action — bans, status quo or a continued battle with the Trump administration — California can expect to spend time in court to protect its air. But Bergquist declined to speculate whether the auto industry would fight a gas-powered car ban in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t focused on it, just because we think it might have been some hyperbole,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The threat might not be real now, but it’s not an empty one. Nichols said they could do it, if it came to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A requirement for 100% of all sales to be zero emissions vehicles means that no internal combustion engines would be able to be sold after a certain date,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency, she clarifies, isn’t proposing to do this right now. But, she said, “It’s something we would have to consider.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Meredith Hankins, Shapiro fellow in Environmental Law and Policy at the UCLA School of Law, warns it won’t be easy to go through the EPA to make that kind of change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may be sort of dead on arrival under this current administration,” Hankins said. And going around the EPA is “an untested legal question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other legal experts agree the air board probably could find a way to ban combustion engines, the question is whether it should.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would be a very blunt, last-resort approach,” Daniel Sperling, director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis and a member of the air board, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sperling said he thinks a better strategy would be a legislative one called “feebates,” which use fees to discourage dirty car use, and rebates to encourage people to drive cleaner vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='clean-air' label='More Coverage']The Legislature has yet to agree. Assemblyman Phil Ting, a San Francisco Democrat, saw his bill to ban registrations of gas-powered vehicles by 2040 die. His second, a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB40\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">watered-down proposal\u003c/a> to plan for a clean-car future, stalled as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local officials aren’t waiting for state action. New York City will kick off a toll program to cut downtown traffic in a few years, and Boston and Los Angeles are eyeing similar congestion-pricing initiatives. Smaller cities like Sacramento have increased parking prices and improved light rail. The strategy, Hankins said, makes it too expensive to drive in cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are steps to a world Nichols is shooting for in the next quarter-century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By 2045, there can’t be any cars sold in California that aren’t zero emissions vehicles of one sort or another. I don’t expect to be alive to see that, but that’s where we’re headed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The auto industry \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/2011-commitment-letters-2017-2025-light-duty-national\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">initially supported\u003c/a> the fuel economy and greenhouse gas standards the Obama administration finalized in 2012. The standards were set through 2025, and a federal review in 2016 reported that industry was technologically on track to meet them. It also projected fuel savings and public health benefits for the public. But when President Trump took office, the auto industry asked the administration to revisit the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent workshop wasn’t the first time Nichols had pointed words for the auto industry. At a public meeting in 2017, she asked automakers: “What were you thinking when you threw yourselves upon the mercy of the Trump administration to try to solve your problems?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not even the first time she’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-mary-nichols-electric-1506523771-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">talked about a ban\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps that’s why when the auto industry heard Nichols’ latest message, it didn’t appear to worry. Gloria Bergquist, vice president of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, said if the state banned the sale of traditional gas-powered vehicles, the industry would wind up selling more electrified ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d move them from dealer’s lots and get them into people’s garages. So that’s good — good for automakers,” said Bergquist, who added the automakers she represents have a stake in selling the electrified models they’ve invested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern would be in areas where automakers don’t yet have enough options — like work vehicles, for instance. “There are very few electrified pickups that could do the work that [farmers] need to do,” Bergquist said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is a Ban Feasible?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter the action — bans, status quo or a continued battle with the Trump administration — California can expect to spend time in court to protect its air. But Bergquist declined to speculate whether the auto industry would fight a gas-powered car ban in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t focused on it, just because we think it might have been some hyperbole,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The threat might not be real now, but it’s not an empty one. Nichols said they could do it, if it came to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A requirement for 100% of all sales to be zero emissions vehicles means that no internal combustion engines would be able to be sold after a certain date,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency, she clarifies, isn’t proposing to do this right now. But, she said, “It’s something we would have to consider.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Meredith Hankins, Shapiro fellow in Environmental Law and Policy at the UCLA School of Law, warns it won’t be easy to go through the EPA to make that kind of change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may be sort of dead on arrival under this current administration,” Hankins said. And going around the EPA is “an untested legal question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other legal experts agree the air board probably could find a way to ban combustion engines, the question is whether it should.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would be a very blunt, last-resort approach,” Daniel Sperling, director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis and a member of the air board, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sperling said he thinks a better strategy would be a legislative one called “feebates,” which use fees to discourage dirty car use, and rebates to encourage people to drive cleaner vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Legislature has yet to agree. Assemblyman Phil Ting, a San Francisco Democrat, saw his bill to ban registrations of gas-powered vehicles by 2040 die. His second, a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB40\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">watered-down proposal\u003c/a> to plan for a clean-car future, stalled as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local officials aren’t waiting for state action. New York City will kick off a toll program to cut downtown traffic in a few years, and Boston and Los Angeles are eyeing similar congestion-pricing initiatives. Smaller cities like Sacramento have increased parking prices and improved light rail. The strategy, Hankins said, makes it too expensive to drive in cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are steps to a world Nichols is shooting for in the next quarter-century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By 2045, there can’t be any cars sold in California that aren’t zero emissions vehicles of one sort or another. I don’t expect to be alive to see that, but that’s where we’re headed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Roger McNamee’s \u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ci>Zucked\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">More than 2 billion people around the world log onto Facebook to do everything from sharing vacation photos to scrolling through news feeds and streaming live events. But the explosive growth has come at a price. Data breaches affecting tens of millions of users and misinformation campaigns to influence national elections have prompted hearings on Capitol Hill and a public backlash against the tech giant and its CEO, Mark Zuckerberg. A book by an early Facebook investor suggests regulation may be the only way to preserve privacy and protect the personal data that is key to the company’s growth and profits. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jose Antonio Vargas’ \u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ci>Dear America, Notes of an Undocumented Citizen\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2011, Jose Antonio Vargas — whose journalism career included a stint at the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Washington Post — revealed in a New York Times magazine essay that he was living in the U.S. illegally. Since then, he has become perhaps the nation’s most well-known undocumented immigrant. He has done two documentaries and appeared in numerous interviews to advocate for immigrants. We discuss his latest memoir: “Dear America, Notes of an Undocumented Citizen.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Anand Giridharadas’\u003c/b> \u003cb>\u003ci>Winners Take All: The Elite Charade of Changing the World\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In an in-depth look, one journalist makes the argument that when today’s corporate titans and political leaders try to change the world, they actually preserve the societal problems they say they want to solve. Author Anand Giridharadas contends the rich and powerful are willing to fight for justice and equality, but only if it doesn’t threaten their positions at the top of the social order.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Scott Dikkers’ \u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ci>Welcome to the Future Which is Mine\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scott Dikkers is the founder and longest-serving editor-in-chief of the popular online satirical news outlet “The Onion.” It’s never shied away from taking jabs at public figures. Now, Dikkers is aiming his sarcastic wit at Elon Musk in his book, “Welcome to the Future Which is Mine.” Musk is well known for being the outspoken and often flamboyant CEO of the companies Tesla and SpaceX.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>At a town hall meeting in Paradise on Wednesday, PG&E Vice President Aaron Johnson made an announcement to a community that lost nearly everything in November's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Camp Fire\u003c/a>, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in modern California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson said the company would underground the entire electrical distribution system as the town rebuilds — but first he had something else to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11747485,news_11749274,news_11745625,news_11727130,news_11722060,news_11722386\" label=\"PG&E and the Camp Fire\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I stand in front of you here tonight on behalf of my company. I want to apologize for the role our equipment had in this tragedy. Nothing I can say, nothing I could stand up in front of you and say, is going to undo that and I know that, we know that,\" said Johnson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson then announced the company would bury the power distribution lines in Paradise and some nearby communities — an option that was determined to be more expensive but safer than reinstalling overhead lines. The announcement brought residents at the meeting to their feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of the undergrounding project is still undetermined, but PG&E said it will be done at no additional cost to the town as part of the utility's overall grid hardening efforts. PG&E officials said transmission lines in the area Paradise will not be part of the project, as those lines were not damaged in the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747485/cal-fires-official-finding-pge-equipment-touched-off-camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced last week\u003c/a> that its investigation had determined a faulty PG&E transmission line — not a distribution line — sparked the fire, which left 85 people dead and displaced tens of thousands of Butte County residents. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transmission lines are higher-voltage lines that carry electricity from a power plant to a distribution substation. Distribution lines are lower-voltage lines that connect substations to residential and commercial buildings. It is only the distribution system that PG&E plans to underground in Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As part of our commitment to help this community recover and to harden our electric system to protect against wildfires, PG&E has decided to build our electric distribution system underground in the town of Paradise and in some of the surrounding areas like parts of Magalia,\" Johnson told the Council. \"We decided to rebuild in this way after a careful review of factors, town planning and safety considerations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E also got approval on Wednesday to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749274/bankruptcy-judge-oks-pge-plan-to-create-105-million-fund-for-fire-victims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">create a $107 million fund to help fire victims\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson said the undergrounding project would take about five years because of design work and planning for future road widening and potential sewer systems in the town. Johnson also could not specify which areas beyond Paradise would be included in the project. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said undergrounding the power lines immediately after the fire would have caused enormous reconstruction delays. But as Paradise begins to rebuild, PG&E will need to replace 74 miles of damaged natural gas lines. That will allow the company to bury both electric and gas infrastructure in the same trench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While PG&E begins work on the town's new power network, it will simultaneously install temporary overhead service to meet individual and neighborhood needs as people \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746414/insurance-claims-from-deadly-california-wildfires-top-12b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rebuild\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson said the undergrounding project would take about five years because of design work and planning for future road widening and potential sewer systems in the town. Johnson also could not specify which areas beyond Paradise would be included in the project. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said undergrounding the power lines immediately after the fire would have caused enormous reconstruction delays. But as Paradise begins to rebuild, PG&E will need to replace 74 miles of damaged natural gas lines. That will allow the company to bury both electric and gas infrastructure in the same trench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While PG&E begins work on the town's new power network, it will simultaneously install temporary overhead service to meet individual and neighborhood needs as people \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746414/insurance-claims-from-deadly-california-wildfires-top-12b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rebuild\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749508/an-agreement-on-high-speed-rail\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Rare Case of Agreement on High Speed Rail\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State officials and the Trump administration finally agree on something: the federal government won’t immediately re-allocate the billion dollars in high-speed rail funding it’s cancelled as the case works its way through the courts.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Dan Brekke\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teachers Take Their Case in Sacramento\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A thousand teachers and their supporters from around the state rallied in Sacramento on Wednesday demanding an end to what they're calling \"a starvation diet\" in our state's schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749299/asthma-rates-higher-in-californias-historically-redlined-communities-new-study-finds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Redlining’s Lasting Health Effects\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The federal government's redlining policy was adopted in the 1930s and led to discriminatory home loan practices. A new study shows it also affected public health, and still does.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Laura Klivans\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749411/taking-driverless-cars-for-a-test-drive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Taking Driverless Cars for a Test Drive\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Imagine sipping your morning coffee while your car drives you to work. Driverless cars are no longer a distant possibility. But are they safe?\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Peter Arcuni \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>PG&E to Bury Distribution Lines in Paradise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the Paradise Town Hall last night, PG&E unveiled its plans to help rebuild Paradise. These plans include putting power lines underground, an expensive but safer option that drew applause from residents.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Marc Albert, North State Public Radio/KCHO\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749431/nevada-looks-to-avoid-californias-utility-maintenance-issues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nevada Looks to Avoid California's Utility Maintenance Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As California’s largest utility, PG&E, continues to deal with the fallout over its role in the sparking some of the state’s largest wildfires on record, other states are looking at what they can do to prevent the same thing from happening to them.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Paul Boger, KUNR\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942039/attacking-global-warming-by-adding-co2-to-the-atmosphere-stanford-researchers-have-a-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Attacking Global Warming by Adding CO2 to the Atmosphere? Stanford Researchers Have a Plan\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Scientists are proposing a new solution to combat global climate change. It includes converting one greenhouse gas into another.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Craig Miller\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749291/stockton-mayor-announces-new-partnership-with-americorps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stockton Mayor Michael Tubbs Announces Partnership with AmeriCorps\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During his State of the City Address today, Stockton Mayor Michael Tubbs is expected to announce a new partnership with AmeriCorps, as part of his mission to revitalize the city. It will be the first of its kind in the Central Valley.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Katie Orr\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749508/an-agreement-on-high-speed-rail\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Rare Case of Agreement on High Speed Rail\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State officials and the Trump administration finally agree on something: the federal government won’t immediately re-allocate the billion dollars in high-speed rail funding it’s cancelled as the case works its way through the courts.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Dan Brekke\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teachers Take Their Case in Sacramento\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A thousand teachers and their supporters from around the state rallied in Sacramento on Wednesday demanding an end to what they're calling \"a starvation diet\" in our state's schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749299/asthma-rates-higher-in-californias-historically-redlined-communities-new-study-finds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Redlining’s Lasting Health Effects\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The federal government's redlining policy was adopted in the 1930s and led to discriminatory home loan practices. A new study shows it also affected public health, and still does.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Laura Klivans\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749411/taking-driverless-cars-for-a-test-drive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Taking Driverless Cars for a Test Drive\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Imagine sipping your morning coffee while your car drives you to work. Driverless cars are no longer a distant possibility. But are they safe?\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Peter Arcuni \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>PG&E to Bury Distribution Lines in Paradise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the Paradise Town Hall last night, PG&E unveiled its plans to help rebuild Paradise. These plans include putting power lines underground, an expensive but safer option that drew applause from residents.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Marc Albert, North State Public Radio/KCHO\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749431/nevada-looks-to-avoid-californias-utility-maintenance-issues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nevada Looks to Avoid California's Utility Maintenance Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As California’s largest utility, PG&E, continues to deal with the fallout over its role in the sparking some of the state’s largest wildfires on record, other states are looking at what they can do to prevent the same thing from happening to them.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Paul Boger, KUNR\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942039/attacking-global-warming-by-adding-co2-to-the-atmosphere-stanford-researchers-have-a-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Attacking Global Warming by Adding CO2 to the Atmosphere? Stanford Researchers Have a Plan\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Scientists are proposing a new solution to combat global climate change. It includes converting one greenhouse gas into another.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Craig Miller\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749291/stockton-mayor-announces-new-partnership-with-americorps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stockton Mayor Michael Tubbs Announces Partnership with AmeriCorps\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During his State of the City Address today, Stockton Mayor Michael Tubbs is expected to announce a new partnership with AmeriCorps, as part of his mission to revitalize the city. It will be the first of its kind in the Central Valley.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Katie Orr\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "What the Qualcomm Antitrust Decision Means for Your Smartphone",
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"content": "\u003cp>In a much anticipated ruling this week, a federal judge found that cellphone chipmaker Qualcomm unlawfully squeezed out rivals and charged excessive royalties to manufacturers such as Apple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Lucy Koh of the Northern District of California issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/411066615/19-05-21-FTC-v-Qualcomm-Judicial-Findings?campaign=SkimbitLtd&ad_group=3947X638757X8138f836f25869070c4508ecbb552344&keyword=660149026&source=hp_affiliate&medium=affiliate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 233-page ruling\u003c/a> late Tuesday night in favor of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.306945/gov.uscourts.cand.306945.1.0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federal Trade Commission's antitrust allegations\u003c/a> and ordered that Qualcomm, which manufactures nearly all the chips in smartphones, must go back and renegotiate its licensing deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11740682\" label=\"LISTEN\"]\"It's a decision that has really global effects,\" said Mike Swift, chief global digital risk correspondent for MLex, a technology and legal publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the crux of this fight and other related fights is Qualcomm's business model and the company's hold on the smartphone market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based in San Diego, Qualcomm is the world's largest maker of mobile chips. It created some of the technology integral to cellular networks and holds patents on a range of cellphone technology, including key 3G, 4G and 5G networking components. Because of those patents, all smartphone manufacturers have to pay a licensing fee to Qualcomm, whether they use the company's chips or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Qualcomm also has a \"no license, no chip\" policy, which requires phone manufacturers to pay for an exclusive license in order to buy their chips. Additionally, Qualcomm has refused to license its patents to rival chipmakers. The company has typically set licensing fees at 5% of the price of the mobile device — something Apple took issue with, arguing that features that make a phone more expensive may have nothing to do with Qualcomm's technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"left\" citation=\"Mike Swift, chief global digital risk correspondent for MLex\"]'What she's trying to achieve is to inject competition back into the market.'[/pullquote]\u003cbr>\nAccording to Swift, two examples stood out to Judge Koh during the trial, which wrapped up testimony in January. In one instance, Samsung attempted to create a cooperative agreement with some manufacturers in Japan to create their own modem technology, but said it abandoned the effort because of Qualcomm's hold on the market. In the other instance, Apple executives testified that they aimed to have multiple suppliers for every part in their phones in order to improve price and quality, but that they were forced to sign an exclusive deal with Qualcomm to provide chips. (Apple recently, while fighting with Qualcomm, also signed a deal with Intel to supply some of its chips.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koh, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/In-Silicon-Valley-Lucy-Koh-is-the-law-5679303.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">who has overseen a number of smartphone cases\u003c/a>, ruled that Qualcomm must:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>renegotiate its licensing deals with customers, without conditioning the supply of chips on their licensing status\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>license its patents to rival chipmakers at fair prices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>not sign exclusive agreements that block competitors from also selling chips to smartphone makers like Apple\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>submit to FTC monitoring for seven years\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\"What she's trying to achieve is to inject competition back into the market,\" said Swift of Koh's decision. \"But it's not going to mean a dramatic drop in prices of smartphones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We strongly disagree with the judge's conclusions, her interpretation of the facts and her application of the law,\" Qualcomm general counsel Don Rosenberg said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Qualcomm said it will appeal the decision, suggesting the case could still take a few years to resolve. Swift said that means there will likely be no big price drops overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If and when the decision goes into effect, it's not clear what company could immediately step in to compete against Qualcomm in the smartphone chip market, especially in the 5G space.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Apple and Qualcomm Settle\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://mlexmarketinsight.com/insights-center/editors-picks/antitrust/north-america/qualcomm-apple-settlement-a-win-for-both-companies-less-so-for-the-ftc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a separate lawsuit\u003c/a> over some of the technology that enables iPhones to connect to the internet was settled between Apple and Qualcomm — with Apple agreeing to pay Qualcomm an undisclosed amount and to continue buying Qualcomm's chips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement \"took the air out of the room for other chipmakers,\" said Swift, because of the market share that iPhones enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the last few years, Intel had been providing 3G and 4G chips to Apple, but immediately after the settlement announced it would not enter the 5G market — leaving just Qualcomm in the burgeoning 5G space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Tuesday's antitrust decision, Swift spoke with Intel, but said the company would not comment on whether it will change its decision regarding making 5G chips. Swift said that other companies that could potentially compete with Qualcomm include Samsung, MediaTek and a few large China-based companies, such as Huawei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The Tech-Trade Fight\" postID=\"news_11748486,news_11746559\"]Qualcomm has justified its pricing system as a way to recoup the $40 billion it spent over several decades developing wireless technology now essential to smartphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koh's decision could have geopolitical ramifications: If Qualcomm suffers a hit to its profitability, it could mean less spending on research and development at a time when the U.S. is racing China to update to 5G.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Trump administration views Qualcomm as almost the crown jewel for the U.S. in terms of U.S. technology development. Similar to the way China views Huawei,\" said Angelo Zino, an analyst with research firm Center for Financial Research and Analysis. \"It will be interesting to see if this gets revisited.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration's attitude can be seen in a case from last year, when it blocked Singapore company Broadcom from buying Qualcomm over concerns about national security and who would dominate 5G technology. Earlier this week, an administration ban on doing business with Huawei also led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11748486/after-trump-ban-huawei-phones-will-lose-access-to-google-software\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google ending the licensing of its Android operating system to the Chinese phone company\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting by Tali Arbel and Michael Liedtke, Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full 233-page decision:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[scribd id=411066615 key=key-ovi3zyl5VbxSPaSmebyc mode=scroll]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a much anticipated ruling this week, a federal judge found that cellphone chipmaker Qualcomm unlawfully squeezed out rivals and charged excessive royalties to manufacturers such as Apple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Lucy Koh of the Northern District of California issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/411066615/19-05-21-FTC-v-Qualcomm-Judicial-Findings?campaign=SkimbitLtd&ad_group=3947X638757X8138f836f25869070c4508ecbb552344&keyword=660149026&source=hp_affiliate&medium=affiliate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 233-page ruling\u003c/a> late Tuesday night in favor of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.306945/gov.uscourts.cand.306945.1.0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federal Trade Commission's antitrust allegations\u003c/a> and ordered that Qualcomm, which manufactures nearly all the chips in smartphones, must go back and renegotiate its licensing deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"It's a decision that has really global effects,\" said Mike Swift, chief global digital risk correspondent for MLex, a technology and legal publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the crux of this fight and other related fights is Qualcomm's business model and the company's hold on the smartphone market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based in San Diego, Qualcomm is the world's largest maker of mobile chips. It created some of the technology integral to cellular networks and holds patents on a range of cellphone technology, including key 3G, 4G and 5G networking components. Because of those patents, all smartphone manufacturers have to pay a licensing fee to Qualcomm, whether they use the company's chips or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Qualcomm also has a \"no license, no chip\" policy, which requires phone manufacturers to pay for an exclusive license in order to buy their chips. Additionally, Qualcomm has refused to license its patents to rival chipmakers. The company has typically set licensing fees at 5% of the price of the mobile device — something Apple took issue with, arguing that features that make a phone more expensive may have nothing to do with Qualcomm's technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nAccording to Swift, two examples stood out to Judge Koh during the trial, which wrapped up testimony in January. In one instance, Samsung attempted to create a cooperative agreement with some manufacturers in Japan to create their own modem technology, but said it abandoned the effort because of Qualcomm's hold on the market. In the other instance, Apple executives testified that they aimed to have multiple suppliers for every part in their phones in order to improve price and quality, but that they were forced to sign an exclusive deal with Qualcomm to provide chips. (Apple recently, while fighting with Qualcomm, also signed a deal with Intel to supply some of its chips.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koh, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/In-Silicon-Valley-Lucy-Koh-is-the-law-5679303.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">who has overseen a number of smartphone cases\u003c/a>, ruled that Qualcomm must:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>renegotiate its licensing deals with customers, without conditioning the supply of chips on their licensing status\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>license its patents to rival chipmakers at fair prices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>not sign exclusive agreements that block competitors from also selling chips to smartphone makers like Apple\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>submit to FTC monitoring for seven years\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\"What she's trying to achieve is to inject competition back into the market,\" said Swift of Koh's decision. \"But it's not going to mean a dramatic drop in prices of smartphones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We strongly disagree with the judge's conclusions, her interpretation of the facts and her application of the law,\" Qualcomm general counsel Don Rosenberg said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Qualcomm said it will appeal the decision, suggesting the case could still take a few years to resolve. Swift said that means there will likely be no big price drops overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If and when the decision goes into effect, it's not clear what company could immediately step in to compete against Qualcomm in the smartphone chip market, especially in the 5G space.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Apple and Qualcomm Settle\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://mlexmarketinsight.com/insights-center/editors-picks/antitrust/north-america/qualcomm-apple-settlement-a-win-for-both-companies-less-so-for-the-ftc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a separate lawsuit\u003c/a> over some of the technology that enables iPhones to connect to the internet was settled between Apple and Qualcomm — with Apple agreeing to pay Qualcomm an undisclosed amount and to continue buying Qualcomm's chips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement \"took the air out of the room for other chipmakers,\" said Swift, because of the market share that iPhones enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the last few years, Intel had been providing 3G and 4G chips to Apple, but immediately after the settlement announced it would not enter the 5G market — leaving just Qualcomm in the burgeoning 5G space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Tuesday's antitrust decision, Swift spoke with Intel, but said the company would not comment on whether it will change its decision regarding making 5G chips. Swift said that other companies that could potentially compete with Qualcomm include Samsung, MediaTek and a few large China-based companies, such as Huawei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Qualcomm has justified its pricing system as a way to recoup the $40 billion it spent over several decades developing wireless technology now essential to smartphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koh's decision could have geopolitical ramifications: If Qualcomm suffers a hit to its profitability, it could mean less spending on research and development at a time when the U.S. is racing China to update to 5G.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Trump administration views Qualcomm as almost the crown jewel for the U.S. in terms of U.S. technology development. Similar to the way China views Huawei,\" said Angelo Zino, an analyst with research firm Center for Financial Research and Analysis. \"It will be interesting to see if this gets revisited.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration's attitude can be seen in a case from last year, when it blocked Singapore company Broadcom from buying Qualcomm over concerns about national security and who would dominate 5G technology. Earlier this week, an administration ban on doing business with Huawei also led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11748486/after-trump-ban-huawei-phones-will-lose-access-to-google-software\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google ending the licensing of its Android operating system to the Chinese phone company\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting by Tali Arbel and Michael Liedtke, Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full 233-page decision:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ciframe\n class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\"\n src=\"//www.scribd.com/embeds/411066615/content?start_page=1&view_mode=&access_key=key-ovi3zyl5VbxSPaSmebyc\"\n title=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/411066615\"\n data-auto-height=\"true\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"scribd_411066615\"\n width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n \u003ca class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__scribdShortcode__scribd_footer\"\n href=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/411066615\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">View this document on Scribd\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Google says it will stop offering Android updates for phones made by the Chinese telecom company Huawei. The move follows a U.S. executive order that American companies stop doing business with any foreign company that harms national security interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google, owned by Alphabet, “has suspended business with Huawei that requires the transfer of hardware, software and technical services except those publicly available via open source licensing,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-huawei-tech-alphabet-exclusive/exclusive-google-suspends-some-business-with-huawei-after-trump-blacklist-source-idUSKCN1SP0NB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters\u003c/a> first reported. In a statement, Google confirmed the news: “We are complying with the order and reviewing the implications,” a spokesperson said, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/20/google-stops-some-business-with-huawei-could-hit-its-global-smartphone-ambitions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNBC\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11746559,news_11727438,bayareabites_126751' label='more on the tariff war']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, this means Huawei won’t be able to license Google’s Android operating system, so Huawei phone users will lose access to updates. Future versions of Huawei smartphones running Android won’t be able to access popular Google apps including Gmail, YouTube, and the Google Play store – which lets users easily download third-party apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huawei is one of the world’s largest smartphone suppliers, second only to Samsung. In losing access to the latest Google software, Huawei may find it difficult to compete in the global smartphone market, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/20/tech/huawei-google-android/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNN reports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google isn’t the only company cutting ties with Huawei. American chipmakers such as Intel, Qualcomm and Broadcom have told their employees that they will stop supplying Huawei, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-19/google-to-end-some-huawei-business-ties-after-trump-crackdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a> reported. And the \u003ca href=\"https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/Germany-s-Infineon-suspends-shipments-to-Huawei-sources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nikkei Asian Review \u003c/a>reported that the German chipmaker Infineon has also stopped shipments to Huawei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration last week restricted the sale of U.S. technology, which seemed aimed at Huawei. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-securing-information-communications-technology-services-supply-chain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An executive order\u003c/a> signed by the president declared a “national emergency” and blocked U.S. companies from doing business with foreign tech companies that pose “an unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States.” The Commerce Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2019/05/department-commerce-announces-addition-huawei-technologies-co-ltd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a> it would add Huawei and its subsidiaries to a list of companies generally prohibited from buying U.S. technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748494\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11748494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"780\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-800x609.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-1020x777.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CEO of Consumer Business Group of Chinese tech company Huawei, Richard Yu, said the company has been preparing for the possibility that it might lose access to American companies. \u003ccite>(JackTaylor/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huawei, which has denied allegations that it spies on its users, says it has been preparing for the possibility that it might lose access to American companies. In March, Richard Yu, CEO of Huawei’s consumer products division, told a \u003ca href=\"https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Farticle190034791%2FHuawei-Manager-zu-Spionagevorwurf-Das-hat-politische-Gruende.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">German newspaper\u003c/a> that Huawei had prepared its own operating system in case it lost access to Android. “That’s our plan B,” Yu said. “But of course we prefer to work with the ecosystems of Google and Microsoft.” The company has stockpiled enough chips to keep its phone business running for months, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-17/huawei-built-at-least-a-three-month-stockpile-ahead-of-trump-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a> reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Ryan Koontz, an analyst with Rosenblatt Securities Inc., the U.S. ban could have a major impact on China’s ability to build 5G networks, as Huawei is dependent on U.S. components like semiconductors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The extreme scenario of Huawei’s telecom network unit failing would set China back many years and might even be viewed as an act of war by China,” Koontz told \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-19/google-to-end-some-huawei-business-ties-after-trump-crackdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a>. “Such a failure would have massive global telecom market implications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Trump+Ban%2C+Huawei+Phones+Will+Lose+Access+To+Google+Software&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Google says it will stop offering Android updates for phones made by the Chinese telecom company Huawei. The move follows a U.S. executive order that American companies stop doing business with any foreign company that harms national security interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google, owned by Alphabet, “has suspended business with Huawei that requires the transfer of hardware, software and technical services except those publicly available via open source licensing,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-huawei-tech-alphabet-exclusive/exclusive-google-suspends-some-business-with-huawei-after-trump-blacklist-source-idUSKCN1SP0NB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters\u003c/a> first reported. In a statement, Google confirmed the news: “We are complying with the order and reviewing the implications,” a spokesperson said, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/20/google-stops-some-business-with-huawei-could-hit-its-global-smartphone-ambitions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNBC\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, this means Huawei won’t be able to license Google’s Android operating system, so Huawei phone users will lose access to updates. Future versions of Huawei smartphones running Android won’t be able to access popular Google apps including Gmail, YouTube, and the Google Play store – which lets users easily download third-party apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huawei is one of the world’s largest smartphone suppliers, second only to Samsung. In losing access to the latest Google software, Huawei may find it difficult to compete in the global smartphone market, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/20/tech/huawei-google-android/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNN reports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google isn’t the only company cutting ties with Huawei. American chipmakers such as Intel, Qualcomm and Broadcom have told their employees that they will stop supplying Huawei, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-19/google-to-end-some-huawei-business-ties-after-trump-crackdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a> reported. And the \u003ca href=\"https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/Germany-s-Infineon-suspends-shipments-to-Huawei-sources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nikkei Asian Review \u003c/a>reported that the German chipmaker Infineon has also stopped shipments to Huawei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration last week restricted the sale of U.S. technology, which seemed aimed at Huawei. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-securing-information-communications-technology-services-supply-chain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An executive order\u003c/a> signed by the president declared a “national emergency” and blocked U.S. companies from doing business with foreign tech companies that pose “an unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States.” The Commerce Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2019/05/department-commerce-announces-addition-huawei-technologies-co-ltd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a> it would add Huawei and its subsidiaries to a list of companies generally prohibited from buying U.S. technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748494\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11748494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"780\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-800x609.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-1020x777.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CEO of Consumer Business Group of Chinese tech company Huawei, Richard Yu, said the company has been preparing for the possibility that it might lose access to American companies. \u003ccite>(JackTaylor/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huawei, which has denied allegations that it spies on its users, says it has been preparing for the possibility that it might lose access to American companies. In March, Richard Yu, CEO of Huawei’s consumer products division, told a \u003ca href=\"https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Farticle190034791%2FHuawei-Manager-zu-Spionagevorwurf-Das-hat-politische-Gruende.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">German newspaper\u003c/a> that Huawei had prepared its own operating system in case it lost access to Android. “That’s our plan B,” Yu said. “But of course we prefer to work with the ecosystems of Google and Microsoft.” The company has stockpiled enough chips to keep its phone business running for months, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-17/huawei-built-at-least-a-three-month-stockpile-ahead-of-trump-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a> reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Ryan Koontz, an analyst with Rosenblatt Securities Inc., the U.S. ban could have a major impact on China’s ability to build 5G networks, as Huawei is dependent on U.S. components like semiconductors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The extreme scenario of Huawei’s telecom network unit failing would set China back many years and might even be viewed as an act of war by China,” Koontz told \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-19/google-to-end-some-huawei-business-ties-after-trump-crackdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a>. “Such a failure would have massive global telecom market implications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Trump+Ban%2C+Huawei+Phones+Will+Lose+Access+To+Google+Software&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco supervisors voted to \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorefacialrecognition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ban the use of facial recognition technology\u003c/a> by police and other city departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil liberties groups were happy the ban would block what Supervisor Aaron Peskin called “Big Brother technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, I know there are serious privacy issues here — that include built-in race and gender biases — but I just couldn’t resist doing a cartoon about facial recognition technology’s nemesis: San Francisco’s love of the beard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>We use facial recognition technology to unlock our cell phones, doors, and find friends on social media apps. But there’s a real fear about how tech companies and government is recording our faces and tracking our movements. That’s one reason why \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746658/san-francisco-may-ban-police-city-use-of-facial-recognition-technology\">the San Francisco Board of Supervisors voted Tuesday\u003c/a> to ban city agencies, including the police department, from using this type of technology. The ordinance is part of a larger policy package that is supposed to give the city control over what surveillance technology gets used. San Francisco could become the first city in the nation to ban facial recognition software if the ordinance passes its final vote later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guest: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/rachaelmyrow?lang=en\">Rachael Myrow\u003c/a>, KQED’s acting Silicon Valley Bureau Chief\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated May 14, 2019, 4:55 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco supervisors voted 8 to 1 Tuesday to ban the use of facial recognition software by police and other city departments, becoming the first U.S. city to outlaw a rapidly developing technology that has alarmed privacy and civil liberties advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ban is part of broader legislation that requires city departments to establish use policies and obtain board approval for surveillance technology they want to purchase or are using at present. Several other local governments require departments to disclose and seek approval for surveillance technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is really about saying: 'We can have security without being a security state. We can have good policing without being a police state.' And part of that is building trust with the community based on good community information, not on Big Brother technology,\" said Supervisor Aaron Peskin, who championed the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ban applies to San Francisco police and other municipal departments. It does not affect use of the technology by the federal government at airports and ports, nor does it limit personal or business use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco board did not spend time Tuesday debating the outright ban on facial recognition technology, focusing instead on the possible burdens placed on police, the transit system and other city agencies that need to maintain public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I worry about politicizing these decisions,\" said Supervisor Catherine Stefani, a former prosecutor who was the sole no vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, a nonprofit think tank based in Washington, D.C., issued a statement chiding San Francisco for considering the facial recognition ban. It said advanced technology makes it cheaper and faster for police to find suspects and identify missing people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics were silly to compare surveillance usage in the United States with China, given that one country has strong constitutional protections and the other does not, said Daniel Castro, the foundation's vice president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In reality, San Francisco is more at risk of becoming Cuba than China_a ban on facial recognition will make it frozen in time with outdated technology,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear how many San Francisco departments are using surveillance and for what purposes, said Peskin. There are valid reasons for license-plate readers, body cameras, and security cameras, he said, but the public should know how the tools are being used or if they are being abused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's police department stopped testing face ID technology in 2017. A representative at Tuesday's board meeting said the department would need two to four additional employees to comply with the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy advocates have squared off with public safety proponents at several heated hearings in San Francisco, a city teeming with tech innovation and the home of Twitter, Airbnb and Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who support the ban say the technology is flawed and a serious threat to civil liberties, especially in a city that cherishes public protest and privacy. They worry people will one day not be able to go to a mall, the park or a school without being identified and tracked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But critics say police need all the help they can get, especially in a city with high-profile events and high rates of property crime. That people expect privacy in public space is unreasonable given the proliferation of cellphones and surveillance cameras, said Meredith Serra, a member of a resident public safety group Stop Crime SF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To me, the ordinance seems to be a costly additional layer of bureaucracy that really does nothing to improve the safety of our citizens,\" she said at a hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Oakland is considering similar legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco is on track to become the first U.S. city to ban the use of facial recognition by police and other city agencies, reflecting a growing backlash against a technology that's creeping into airports, motor vehicle departments, stores, stadiums and home security cameras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government agencies around the U.S. have used the technology for more than a decade to scan databases for suspects and prevent identity fraud. But recent advances in artificial intelligence have created more sophisticated computer vision tools, making it easier for police to pinpoint a missing child or protester in a moving crowd or for retailers to analyze a shopper's facial expressions as they peruse store shelves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to restrict its use are getting pushback from law enforcement groups and the tech industry, though it's far from a united front. Microsoft, while opposed to an outright ban, has urged lawmakers to set limits on the technology, warning that leaving it unchecked could enable an oppressive dystopia reminiscent of George Orwell's novel \"1984.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Face recognition is one of those technologies that people get how creepy it is,\" said Alvaro Bedoya, who directs Georgetown University's Center on Privacy and Technology. \"It's not like cookies on a browser. There's something about this technology that really sets the hairs on the back of people's heads up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Alvaro Bedoya, director of Georgetown University's Center on Privacy and Technology']'Face recognition is one of those technologies that people get how creepy it is. It's not like cookies on a browser. There's something about this technology that really sets the hairs on the back of people's heads up.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without regulations barring law enforcement from accessing driver's license databases, people who have never been arrested could be part of virtual police line-ups without their knowledge, skeptics of the technology say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They worry people will one day not be able to go to a park, store or school without being identified and tracked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, a handful of big box stores across the U.S. are trying out cameras with facial recognition that can guess their customers' age, gender or mood as they walk by, with the goal of showing them targeted, real-time ads on in-store video screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If San Francisco adopts a ban, other cities, states or even Congress could follow, with lawmakers from both parties looking to curtail government surveillance and others hoping to restrict how businesses analyze the faces, emotions and gaits of an unsuspecting public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Legislature is considering a proposal prohibiting the use of facial ID technology on body cameras. A bipartisan bill in the U.S. Senate would exempt police applications but set limits on businesses analyzing people's faces without their consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislation similar to San Francisco's is pending in Oakland, and on Thursday another proposed ban was introduced in Somerville, Massachusetts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bedoya said a ban in San Francisco, the \"most technologically advanced city in our country,\" would send a warning to other police departments thinking of trying out the imperfect technology. But Daniel Castro, vice president of the industry-backed Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, said the ordinance is too extreme to serve as a model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It might find success in San Francisco, but I will be surprised if it finds success in a lot of other cities,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco is home to tech innovators such as Uber, Airbnb and Twitter, but the city's relationship with the industry is testy. Some supervisors in City Hall are calling for a tax on stock-based compensation in response to a wave of San Francisco companies going public, including Lyft and Pinterest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, San Francisco is big on protecting immigrants, civil liberties and privacy. In November, nearly 60% of voters approved a proposition to strengthen data privacy guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city's proposed face-recognition ban is part of broader legislation aimed at regulating the use of surveillance by city departments. The legislation applies only to San Francisco government and would not affect companies or people who want to use the technology. It also would not affect the use of facial recognition at San Francisco International Airport, where security is mostly overseen by federal agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Supervisors is scheduled to vote on the bill Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11746673\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A San Francisco police officer turns on his body camera during training at the Ingleside police station in San Francisco on Sept. 1, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11746673\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A San Francisco police officer turns on his body camera during training at the Ingleside police station in San Francisco on Sept. 1, 2016. \u003ccite>(Brittany Hosea-Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Francisco police say they stopped testing face recognition in 2017. Spokesman David Stevenson said in a statement the department looks forward to \"developing legislation that addresses the privacy concerns of technology while balancing the public safety concerns of our growing, international city.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Aaron Peskin acknowledges his legislation, called the \"Stop Secret Surveillance Ordinance,\" isn't very tech-friendly. But public oversight is critical given the potential for abuse, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology often misfires. Studies have shown error rates in facial-analysis systems built by Amazon, IBM and Microsoft were far higher for darker-skinned women than lighter-skinned men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if facial recognition were perfectly accurate, its use would pose a severe threat to civil rights, especially in a city with a rich history of protest and expression, said Matt Cagle, attorney at the ACLU of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If facial recognition were added to body cameras or public-facing surveillance feeds, it would threaten the ability of people to go to a protest or hang out in Dolores Park without having their identity tracked by the city,\" he said, referring to a popular park in San Francisco's Mission District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Matt Cagle, attorney at the ACLU of Northern California']'If facial recognition were added to body cameras or public-facing surveillance feeds, it would threaten the ability of people to go to a protest or hang out in Dolores Park without having their identity tracked by the city.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local critics of San Francisco's legislation, however, worry about hampering police investigations in a city with a high number of vehicle break-ins and several high-profile annual parades. They want to make sure police can keep using merchants and residents' video surveillance in investigations without bureaucratic hassles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joel Engardio, vice president of grassroots group Stop Crime SF, wants the city to be flexible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our point of view is, rather than a blanket ban forever, why not a moratorium so we're not using problematic technology, but we open the door for when technology improves?\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a moratorium is under consideration in the Massachusetts Legislature, where it has the backing of Republican and Democratic senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often, a government's facial recognition efforts happen in secret or go unnoticed. In Massachusetts, the motor vehicle registry has used the technology since 2006 to prevent driver's license fraud, and some police agencies have used it as a tool for detectives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is technology we use,\" said Massachusetts State Police Lt. Tom Ryan, adding that \"we tend not to get too involved in publicizing\" that fact. Ryan and the agency declined to answer further questions about how it's used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Joel Engardio, vice president of grassroots group Stop Crime SF']'Our point of view is, rather than a blanket ban forever, why not a moratorium so we're not using problematic technology, but we open the door for when technology improves?'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Massachusetts Sen. Cynthia Creem, a Democrat and sponsor of the moratorium bill, said she worries about a lack of standards protecting the public from inaccurate or biased facial recognition technology. Until better guidelines exist, she said, \"it shouldn't be used\" by government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Highway Patrol does not use face recognition technology, spokeswoman Fran Clader said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Department of Motor Vehicles spokesman Marty Greenstein says facial recognition technology \"is specifically not allowed on DMV photos.\" State Justice Department spokeswoman Jennifer Molina said her agency does not use face ID technology, and policy states \"DOJ and requesters shall not maintain DMV images for the purpose of creating a database\" unless authorized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislators also sought a face recognition moratorium this year in Washington, the home state of Microsoft and Amazon, but it was gutted following industry and police opposition. Microsoft instead backed a lighter-touch proposal as part of a broader data privacy bill, but deliberations stalled before lawmakers adjourned late last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>O'Brien reported from Providence, Rhode Island.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated May 14, 2019, 4:55 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco supervisors voted 8 to 1 Tuesday to ban the use of facial recognition software by police and other city departments, becoming the first U.S. city to outlaw a rapidly developing technology that has alarmed privacy and civil liberties advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ban is part of broader legislation that requires city departments to establish use policies and obtain board approval for surveillance technology they want to purchase or are using at present. Several other local governments require departments to disclose and seek approval for surveillance technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is really about saying: 'We can have security without being a security state. We can have good policing without being a police state.' And part of that is building trust with the community based on good community information, not on Big Brother technology,\" said Supervisor Aaron Peskin, who championed the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ban applies to San Francisco police and other municipal departments. It does not affect use of the technology by the federal government at airports and ports, nor does it limit personal or business use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco board did not spend time Tuesday debating the outright ban on facial recognition technology, focusing instead on the possible burdens placed on police, the transit system and other city agencies that need to maintain public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I worry about politicizing these decisions,\" said Supervisor Catherine Stefani, a former prosecutor who was the sole no vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, a nonprofit think tank based in Washington, D.C., issued a statement chiding San Francisco for considering the facial recognition ban. It said advanced technology makes it cheaper and faster for police to find suspects and identify missing people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics were silly to compare surveillance usage in the United States with China, given that one country has strong constitutional protections and the other does not, said Daniel Castro, the foundation's vice president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In reality, San Francisco is more at risk of becoming Cuba than China_a ban on facial recognition will make it frozen in time with outdated technology,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear how many San Francisco departments are using surveillance and for what purposes, said Peskin. There are valid reasons for license-plate readers, body cameras, and security cameras, he said, but the public should know how the tools are being used or if they are being abused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's police department stopped testing face ID technology in 2017. A representative at Tuesday's board meeting said the department would need two to four additional employees to comply with the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy advocates have squared off with public safety proponents at several heated hearings in San Francisco, a city teeming with tech innovation and the home of Twitter, Airbnb and Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who support the ban say the technology is flawed and a serious threat to civil liberties, especially in a city that cherishes public protest and privacy. They worry people will one day not be able to go to a mall, the park or a school without being identified and tracked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But critics say police need all the help they can get, especially in a city with high-profile events and high rates of property crime. That people expect privacy in public space is unreasonable given the proliferation of cellphones and surveillance cameras, said Meredith Serra, a member of a resident public safety group Stop Crime SF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To me, the ordinance seems to be a costly additional layer of bureaucracy that really does nothing to improve the safety of our citizens,\" she said at a hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Oakland is considering similar legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco is on track to become the first U.S. city to ban the use of facial recognition by police and other city agencies, reflecting a growing backlash against a technology that's creeping into airports, motor vehicle departments, stores, stadiums and home security cameras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government agencies around the U.S. have used the technology for more than a decade to scan databases for suspects and prevent identity fraud. But recent advances in artificial intelligence have created more sophisticated computer vision tools, making it easier for police to pinpoint a missing child or protester in a moving crowd or for retailers to analyze a shopper's facial expressions as they peruse store shelves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to restrict its use are getting pushback from law enforcement groups and the tech industry, though it's far from a united front. Microsoft, while opposed to an outright ban, has urged lawmakers to set limits on the technology, warning that leaving it unchecked could enable an oppressive dystopia reminiscent of George Orwell's novel \"1984.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Face recognition is one of those technologies that people get how creepy it is,\" said Alvaro Bedoya, who directs Georgetown University's Center on Privacy and Technology. \"It's not like cookies on a browser. There's something about this technology that really sets the hairs on the back of people's heads up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'Face recognition is one of those technologies that people get how creepy it is. It's not like cookies on a browser. There's something about this technology that really sets the hairs on the back of people's heads up.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without regulations barring law enforcement from accessing driver's license databases, people who have never been arrested could be part of virtual police line-ups without their knowledge, skeptics of the technology say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They worry people will one day not be able to go to a park, store or school without being identified and tracked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, a handful of big box stores across the U.S. are trying out cameras with facial recognition that can guess their customers' age, gender or mood as they walk by, with the goal of showing them targeted, real-time ads on in-store video screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If San Francisco adopts a ban, other cities, states or even Congress could follow, with lawmakers from both parties looking to curtail government surveillance and others hoping to restrict how businesses analyze the faces, emotions and gaits of an unsuspecting public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Legislature is considering a proposal prohibiting the use of facial ID technology on body cameras. A bipartisan bill in the U.S. Senate would exempt police applications but set limits on businesses analyzing people's faces without their consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislation similar to San Francisco's is pending in Oakland, and on Thursday another proposed ban was introduced in Somerville, Massachusetts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bedoya said a ban in San Francisco, the \"most technologically advanced city in our country,\" would send a warning to other police departments thinking of trying out the imperfect technology. But Daniel Castro, vice president of the industry-backed Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, said the ordinance is too extreme to serve as a model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It might find success in San Francisco, but I will be surprised if it finds success in a lot of other cities,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco is home to tech innovators such as Uber, Airbnb and Twitter, but the city's relationship with the industry is testy. Some supervisors in City Hall are calling for a tax on stock-based compensation in response to a wave of San Francisco companies going public, including Lyft and Pinterest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, San Francisco is big on protecting immigrants, civil liberties and privacy. In November, nearly 60% of voters approved a proposition to strengthen data privacy guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city's proposed face-recognition ban is part of broader legislation aimed at regulating the use of surveillance by city departments. The legislation applies only to San Francisco government and would not affect companies or people who want to use the technology. It also would not affect the use of facial recognition at San Francisco International Airport, where security is mostly overseen by federal agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Supervisors is scheduled to vote on the bill Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11746673\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A San Francisco police officer turns on his body camera during training at the Ingleside police station in San Francisco on Sept. 1, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11746673\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/body-camera-san-francisco-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A San Francisco police officer turns on his body camera during training at the Ingleside police station in San Francisco on Sept. 1, 2016. \u003ccite>(Brittany Hosea-Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Francisco police say they stopped testing face recognition in 2017. Spokesman David Stevenson said in a statement the department looks forward to \"developing legislation that addresses the privacy concerns of technology while balancing the public safety concerns of our growing, international city.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Aaron Peskin acknowledges his legislation, called the \"Stop Secret Surveillance Ordinance,\" isn't very tech-friendly. But public oversight is critical given the potential for abuse, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology often misfires. Studies have shown error rates in facial-analysis systems built by Amazon, IBM and Microsoft were far higher for darker-skinned women than lighter-skinned men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if facial recognition were perfectly accurate, its use would pose a severe threat to civil rights, especially in a city with a rich history of protest and expression, said Matt Cagle, attorney at the ACLU of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If facial recognition were added to body cameras or public-facing surveillance feeds, it would threaten the ability of people to go to a protest or hang out in Dolores Park without having their identity tracked by the city,\" he said, referring to a popular park in San Francisco's Mission District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local critics of San Francisco's legislation, however, worry about hampering police investigations in a city with a high number of vehicle break-ins and several high-profile annual parades. They want to make sure police can keep using merchants and residents' video surveillance in investigations without bureaucratic hassles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joel Engardio, vice president of grassroots group Stop Crime SF, wants the city to be flexible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our point of view is, rather than a blanket ban forever, why not a moratorium so we're not using problematic technology, but we open the door for when technology improves?\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a moratorium is under consideration in the Massachusetts Legislature, where it has the backing of Republican and Democratic senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often, a government's facial recognition efforts happen in secret or go unnoticed. In Massachusetts, the motor vehicle registry has used the technology since 2006 to prevent driver's license fraud, and some police agencies have used it as a tool for detectives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is technology we use,\" said Massachusetts State Police Lt. Tom Ryan, adding that \"we tend not to get too involved in publicizing\" that fact. Ryan and the agency declined to answer further questions about how it's used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Massachusetts Sen. Cynthia Creem, a Democrat and sponsor of the moratorium bill, said she worries about a lack of standards protecting the public from inaccurate or biased facial recognition technology. Until better guidelines exist, she said, \"it shouldn't be used\" by government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Highway Patrol does not use face recognition technology, spokeswoman Fran Clader said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Department of Motor Vehicles spokesman Marty Greenstein says facial recognition technology \"is specifically not allowed on DMV photos.\" State Justice Department spokeswoman Jennifer Molina said her agency does not use face ID technology, and policy states \"DOJ and requesters shall not maintain DMV images for the purpose of creating a database\" unless authorized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislators also sought a face recognition moratorium this year in Washington, the home state of Microsoft and Amazon, but it was gutted following industry and police opposition. Microsoft instead backed a lighter-touch proposal as part of a broader data privacy bill, but deliberations stalled before lawmakers adjourned late last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>O'Brien reported from Providence, Rhode Island.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On the night of Jan. 16, Liz O’Sullivan sent a letter she’d been working on for weeks to her boss, Matt Zeiler, the founder and CEO of Clarifai, a tech company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related\" tag=\"artificial-intelligence\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The moment before I hit send and then afterwards, my heart, I could just feel it racing,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/5999930/Open-Letter-to-Clarifai.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The letter\u003c/a> asked: Is our technology going to be used to build weapons?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With little government oversight of the tech industry in the U.S., it’s tech workers themselves who increasingly are raising these ethical questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan often describes technology as magic. She’s 34 — from the generation that saw the birth of high-speed internet, Facebook, Venmo and Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are companies out there doing things that really look like magic,” she says. “They feel like magic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her story began two years ago, when she started working at Clarifai. She says one of her jobs was to explain the company’s product to customers. It’s visual recognition technology, used by websites to identify nudity and \u003ca href=\"https://clarifai.com/customers/momio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inappropriate content\u003c/a>. And doctors use it to \u003ca href=\"https://clarifai.com/customers/i-nside\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spot diseases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clarifai was a startup, founded by Zeiler, \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/aarontilley/2017/07/13/clarifai-ai-image-recognition/#c4c841afe42d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a young superstar \u003c/a>of the tech world. But shortly after O’Sullivan joined, Clarifai got a big break — a government contract, reportedly for millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was all very secretive. At first, the people assigned to work on the project were in a windowless room with the glass doors covered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan would walk by and wonder: What are they doing in there?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zeiler says the contract required secrecy, but everyone working directly on the project knew what it was about. “We got briefed before even writing a single line of code,” he says. “And I also briefed everybody I asked to participate on this project.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR spoke to one employee who worked directly on the project. That person, who requested anonymity for fear of retaliation, says many of the workers in that room were not entirely clear what the technology they were working on was going to be used for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747064\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/matt_landscapeartboard-1-05aa7f240853a2506e1121160167a94cc227592d-3.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11747064\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/matt_landscapeartboard-1-05aa7f240853a2506e1121160167a94cc227592d-3-800x600.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Zeiler, CEO of Clarifai, says his company’s technology will help American soldiers and civilians.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the months that followed, former employees say, information started trickling down. It turns out, they were working with the Department of Defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, people working on the project got an email that outlined some details. The text included a brief reference to something called \u003ca href=\"https://dodcio.defense.gov/Portals/0/Documents/Project%20Maven%20DSD%20Memo%2020170425.pdf\">Project Maven\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pentagon told NPR that the project, also called Algorithmic Warfare, was created in April 2017. Its first task was to use computer-vision technology for drones in the campaign against ISIS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This could be more effective than humans, who might miss something or misunderstand something,” explains Ben Shneiderman, a computer scientist at the University of Maryland. “The computer vision could be more accurate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shneiderman had serious ethical concerns about the project. And he wasn’t alone. Many people in the tech world were starting to wonder: What will the technology we’re building be used for down the road?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan says this question began to haunt her too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big fear among tech activists is that will this be used to build autonomous weapons — ones that are programmed to find targets and kill people, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/04/28/476055707/weighing-the-good-and-the-bad-of-autonomous-killer-robots-in-battle\">without human intervention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Defense’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.esd.whs.mil/portals/54/documents/dd/issuances/dodd/300009p.pdf\">current policy\u003c/a> requires that autonomous weapons “allow commanders and operators to exercise appropriate levels of human judgment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a definition many find murky. And last year, tech workers began to ask a lot of questions. “It’s a historic moment of the employees rising up in a principled way, an ethical way and saying, we won’t do this,” Shneiderman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, Microsoft employees \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/14/628765208/tech-workers-demand-ceos-stop-doing-business-with-ice-other-u-s-agencies\">protested \u003c/a>their company’s contract with Immigration and Customs Enforcement. And several thousand employees demanded that Google stop working on Project Maven. Google did not renew its contract with the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last June, Clarifai CEO Matt Zeiler also weighed in. \u003ca href=\"https://blog.clarifai.com/why-were-part-of-project-maven\">In a blog post\u003c/a>, he explained why the company was working on a military project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan read that with interest. “You know, the people running these companies are sort of techno-Utopians,” she says. “And they believe that tech is going to save the world and that we really just have to build everything that we can, and then figure out where the cards fall. But there are a lot of us out here saying, should we be building this at all?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Clarifai employees told NPR that at the office, the mood got tense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were plenty of people who felt comfortable working on Project Maven. Others resented that it had been so secretive. And some just found it morally troubling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the months went by, O’Sullivan says she realized she couldn’t change the direction of the company. So at the beginning of this year, she wrote that letter to Zeiler and sent it to the whole staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have serious concerns about recent events and are beginning to worry about what we are all working so hard to build,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to ask a bunch of questions. Many of them are the same ones being asked across the tech world today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are you going to let us know who we’re selling our stuff to?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are you going to vet how it’s used?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do we care if this is used to hurt people?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week after she sent that letter, she says Zeiler spoke at a staff meeting. “He did say that our technology was likely to be used for weapons,” O’Sullivan says, “and autonomous weapons at that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zeiler does not deny this. In fact, he says, \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/1616580/lethal-autonomous-weapons-could-become-a-reality-of-war/\">countries like China are already doing it\u003c/a>. The U.S. needs to step it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not going to be building missiles, or any kind of stuff like that at Clarifai,” he says. “But the technology … is going to be useful for those. And through partnerships with the DOD and other contractors, I do think it will make its way into autonomous weapons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where he and O’Sullivan disagree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Should companies like Clarifai, Google and Amazon be involved in military projects?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zeiler says Clarifai’s technology will help save American soldiers. “At the end of the day, they’re out there to do a mission. And if we can provide the best technology so that they can accurately do their mission, in the worst case, there might be a human life at the other end that they’re targeting. But in many cases it might be a weapons cache, [without] any humans around, or a bridge to slow down an enemy threat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Zeiler says, it’s going to help minimize civilian casualties by improving the accuracy of weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan wasn’t buying that rationale. She quit the day after the staff meeting and describes herself as a conscientious tech objector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to join a startup that advises companies on how to make trustworthy artificial intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan says she still thinks tech can be really wonderful — or really dangerous. Like playing with magic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+Technology+Can+Be+Used+To+Build+Weapons%2C+Some+Workers+Take+A+Stand&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On the night of Jan. 16, Liz O’Sullivan sent a letter she’d been working on for weeks to her boss, Matt Zeiler, the founder and CEO of Clarifai, a tech company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The moment before I hit send and then afterwards, my heart, I could just feel it racing,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/5999930/Open-Letter-to-Clarifai.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The letter\u003c/a> asked: Is our technology going to be used to build weapons?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With little government oversight of the tech industry in the U.S., it’s tech workers themselves who increasingly are raising these ethical questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan often describes technology as magic. She’s 34 — from the generation that saw the birth of high-speed internet, Facebook, Venmo and Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are companies out there doing things that really look like magic,” she says. “They feel like magic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her story began two years ago, when she started working at Clarifai. She says one of her jobs was to explain the company’s product to customers. It’s visual recognition technology, used by websites to identify nudity and \u003ca href=\"https://clarifai.com/customers/momio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inappropriate content\u003c/a>. And doctors use it to \u003ca href=\"https://clarifai.com/customers/i-nside\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spot diseases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clarifai was a startup, founded by Zeiler, \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/aarontilley/2017/07/13/clarifai-ai-image-recognition/#c4c841afe42d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a young superstar \u003c/a>of the tech world. But shortly after O’Sullivan joined, Clarifai got a big break — a government contract, reportedly for millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was all very secretive. At first, the people assigned to work on the project were in a windowless room with the glass doors covered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan would walk by and wonder: What are they doing in there?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zeiler says the contract required secrecy, but everyone working directly on the project knew what it was about. “We got briefed before even writing a single line of code,” he says. “And I also briefed everybody I asked to participate on this project.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR spoke to one employee who worked directly on the project. That person, who requested anonymity for fear of retaliation, says many of the workers in that room were not entirely clear what the technology they were working on was going to be used for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11747064\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/matt_landscapeartboard-1-05aa7f240853a2506e1121160167a94cc227592d-3.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11747064\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/matt_landscapeartboard-1-05aa7f240853a2506e1121160167a94cc227592d-3-800x600.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Zeiler, CEO of Clarifai, says his company’s technology will help American soldiers and civilians.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the months that followed, former employees say, information started trickling down. It turns out, they were working with the Department of Defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, people working on the project got an email that outlined some details. The text included a brief reference to something called \u003ca href=\"https://dodcio.defense.gov/Portals/0/Documents/Project%20Maven%20DSD%20Memo%2020170425.pdf\">Project Maven\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pentagon told NPR that the project, also called Algorithmic Warfare, was created in April 2017. Its first task was to use computer-vision technology for drones in the campaign against ISIS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This could be more effective than humans, who might miss something or misunderstand something,” explains Ben Shneiderman, a computer scientist at the University of Maryland. “The computer vision could be more accurate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shneiderman had serious ethical concerns about the project. And he wasn’t alone. Many people in the tech world were starting to wonder: What will the technology we’re building be used for down the road?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan says this question began to haunt her too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big fear among tech activists is that will this be used to build autonomous weapons — ones that are programmed to find targets and kill people, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/04/28/476055707/weighing-the-good-and-the-bad-of-autonomous-killer-robots-in-battle\">without human intervention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Defense’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.esd.whs.mil/portals/54/documents/dd/issuances/dodd/300009p.pdf\">current policy\u003c/a> requires that autonomous weapons “allow commanders and operators to exercise appropriate levels of human judgment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a definition many find murky. And last year, tech workers began to ask a lot of questions. “It’s a historic moment of the employees rising up in a principled way, an ethical way and saying, we won’t do this,” Shneiderman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, Microsoft employees \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/14/628765208/tech-workers-demand-ceos-stop-doing-business-with-ice-other-u-s-agencies\">protested \u003c/a>their company’s contract with Immigration and Customs Enforcement. And several thousand employees demanded that Google stop working on Project Maven. Google did not renew its contract with the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last June, Clarifai CEO Matt Zeiler also weighed in. \u003ca href=\"https://blog.clarifai.com/why-were-part-of-project-maven\">In a blog post\u003c/a>, he explained why the company was working on a military project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan read that with interest. “You know, the people running these companies are sort of techno-Utopians,” she says. “And they believe that tech is going to save the world and that we really just have to build everything that we can, and then figure out where the cards fall. But there are a lot of us out here saying, should we be building this at all?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Clarifai employees told NPR that at the office, the mood got tense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were plenty of people who felt comfortable working on Project Maven. Others resented that it had been so secretive. And some just found it morally troubling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the months went by, O’Sullivan says she realized she couldn’t change the direction of the company. So at the beginning of this year, she wrote that letter to Zeiler and sent it to the whole staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have serious concerns about recent events and are beginning to worry about what we are all working so hard to build,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to ask a bunch of questions. Many of them are the same ones being asked across the tech world today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are you going to let us know who we’re selling our stuff to?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are you going to vet how it’s used?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do we care if this is used to hurt people?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week after she sent that letter, she says Zeiler spoke at a staff meeting. “He did say that our technology was likely to be used for weapons,” O’Sullivan says, “and autonomous weapons at that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zeiler does not deny this. In fact, he says, \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/1616580/lethal-autonomous-weapons-could-become-a-reality-of-war/\">countries like China are already doing it\u003c/a>. The U.S. needs to step it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not going to be building missiles, or any kind of stuff like that at Clarifai,” he says. “But the technology … is going to be useful for those. And through partnerships with the DOD and other contractors, I do think it will make its way into autonomous weapons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where he and O’Sullivan disagree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Should companies like Clarifai, Google and Amazon be involved in military projects?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zeiler says Clarifai’s technology will help save American soldiers. “At the end of the day, they’re out there to do a mission. And if we can provide the best technology so that they can accurately do their mission, in the worst case, there might be a human life at the other end that they’re targeting. But in many cases it might be a weapons cache, [without] any humans around, or a bridge to slow down an enemy threat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Zeiler says, it’s going to help minimize civilian casualties by improving the accuracy of weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan wasn’t buying that rationale. She quit the day after the staff meeting and describes herself as a conscientious tech objector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to join a startup that advises companies on how to make trustworthy artificial intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Sullivan says she still thinks tech can be really wonderful — or really dangerous. Like playing with magic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+Technology+Can+Be+Used+To+Build+Weapons%2C+Some+Workers+Take+A+Stand&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "no-lone-shooter-how-anti-semitism-is-winning-new-converts-on-the-internet",
"title": "No Lone Shooter: How Anti-Semitism Is Winning New Converts on the Internet",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11744155/poway-synagogue-shooter-pleads-not-guilty\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">man\u003c/a> accused of killing a woman and injuring three people in a shooting at a Poway synagogue in late April is expected to appear in court this week to face more than 100 federal charges, including obstruction of the free exercise of religion and hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John T. Earnest, 19, allegedly acted alone, but he posted an anti-Semitic “open letter” on 8chan, in which he credited the online forum famous for anti-Semitic conspiracy theories for helping to shape his views. He also expressed the hope his actions would serve as inspiration for a new set of memes to spread these ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conspiracy theories have been at the core of anti-Semitism, and the internet is a fertile breeding ground for conspiracy theorists. Exactly how this genre is evolving was the subject of an event held last week at the Computer Science Museum in Mountain View by UC Santa Cruz’s \u003ca href=\"https://thi.ucsc.edu/initiatives/data-and-democracy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data and Democracy initiative.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anti-Semitism is one of the oldest hatreds in the world,” said \u003ca href=\"http://racheldeblinger.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rachel Deblinger\u003c/a>, co-director of the \u003ca href=\"https://digitaljewishstudies.sites.ucsc.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Digital Jewish Studies Initiative\u003c/a> and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://digitalhumanities.ucsc.edu/category/digital-scholarship-commons/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Digital Scholarship Commons\u003c/a> at UC Santa Cruz. “The internet provides the tools of creation and dissemination to everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She argues, as do others, that social media platforms of all kinds are effectively resurrecting and refreshing ideas and visual tropes — or “memes” — stemming back to Medieval Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11746554\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11746554\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-800x643.jpeg\" alt=\"At a recent forum on anti-Semitism and the Internet, Rachel Deblinger, co-director of the Digital Jewish Studies Initiative at UC Santa Cruz, demonstrates how new, digital memes draw on ancient, non-digital tropes. Shown here: a recent cartoon of Hungarian-American investor and philanthropist George Soros, depicting him as a world-dominating spider, alongside something similar but much older.\" width=\"800\" height=\"643\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-800x643.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-160x129.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-1020x820.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-1200x964.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-1920x1543.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At a recent forum on anti-Semitism and the internet, Rachel Deblinger, co-director of the Digital Jewish Studies Initiative at UC Santa Cruz, demonstrates how new, digital memes draw on ancient, non-digital tropes. Shown here: A recent cartoon of Hungarian-American investor and philanthropist George Soros depicts him as a world-dominating spider, alongside something similar but much older. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Melody Nixon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You can see modern versions of images used to demonize Jews \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702239/why-its-so-hard-to-scrub-hate-speech-off-social-media\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">all over social media\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.adl.org/resources/reports/gab-and-8chan-home-to-terrorist-plots-hiding-in-plain-sight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not just on forums\u003c/a> where you might expect to find openly, virulent anti-Semitism, like 4chan, 8chan and Gab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As The Associated Press recently reported, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746028/as-facebook-pivots-to-private-platforms-how-will-we-monitor-fake-news-and-hate-speech\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facebook \u003c/a>is inadvertently repackaging propaganda by militant groups, \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/f97c24dab4f34bd0b48b36f2988952a4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">auto-generating\u003c/a> videos and pages the same way it reminds you to celebrate anniversaries with your Facebook friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Computer History Museum, Deblinger pointed to one Pinterest page filled with historical imagery. Without any explanatory text, it’s hard to determine the page owner’s interest in the material. But Deblinger and others agree anti-Semitic content presented without context leaves the consumer of that material free to cement opinions in any direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also said the images reinforce anti-Semitic thinking already present in our online culture. Some of today’s anti-Semitic ideas sound eerily similar to those espoused by Nazi Germany: pseudo-science theories identifying Jews as a separate race, or as being disproportionately responsible for the emergence of a host of modern social and economic ills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deblinger said journalists can unintentionally promote anti-Semitism by even just publishing anti-Semitic imagery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11746562\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11746562 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-800x680.jpeg\" alt=\"Vlad Khaykin, associate director of the Anti Defamation League’s regional office in San Francisco and Rachel Deblinger, co-director of the Digital Jewish Studies Initiative at UC Santa Cruz. The two spoke at a forum on anti-Semitism and the Internet at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View.\" width=\"800\" height=\"680\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-800x680.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-160x136.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-1020x868.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-1200x1021.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-1920x1633.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Judah “Vlad” Khaykin, associate regional director of the Anti-Defamation League’s office in San Francisco and Rachel Deblinger, co-director of the Digital Jewish Studies Initiative at UC Santa Cruz. The two spoke at a forum on anti-Semitism and the internet at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Melody Nixon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Take for example, the recent controversy involving the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/28/business/ny-times-anti-semitic-cartoon.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New York Times.\u003c/a> The Times came under fierce public criticism when its international editorial section republished a cartoon of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu presented as a dog, leading a blind President Trump, dressed in the garb of Orthodox Jews. The Times later apologized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Portuguese cartoonist, António Moreira Antunes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/cartoonist-who-drew-nyt-cartoon-denies-its-anti-semitic-blames-jewish-1412456\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">denies\u003c/a> his work was anti-Semitic. He may have primarily intended to comment on the power dynamic between two political figures — but the imagery mimics a long line of anti-Semitic visual tropes stretching back centuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those include cartoonish images of Jews animalized as dogs, pigs, rats and spiders, and of Jews leading “blind” non-Jewish world leaders as part of a conspiracy to dominate the world for nefarious ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident at the Times happened in April, the same month the Anti-Defamation League’s annual\u003ca href=\"http://www.adl.org/audit2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Audit of Anti-Semitic Incidents\u003c/a> reported a total of 1,879 attacks against Jews and Jewish institutions across the U.S. in 2018 — a near-historic high in the period since ADL started tracking this data in the 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11702239,news_11745134,news_11746028' label='More coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incidents include everything from fliers to robocalls, but the ADL picks out a troubling trend: “While most anti-Semitic incidents are not directly perpetrated by extremists … In 2018, 249 acts of anti-Semitism (13% of the total incidents) were attributable to known extremist groups or individuals inspired by extremist ideology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The internet serves as the latest battleground in the fight against anti-Semitism,” said \u003ca href=\"http://judahkhaykin.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Judah “Vlad” Khaykin\u003c/a>, associate regional director of the Anti-Defamation League’s office in San Francisco. “These people are collaborating with each other. They’re sharing ‘best practices.’ They’re fundraising. They’re organizing, and so on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The internet has allowed anti-Semitism to morph and to change, and that poses new challenges,” said UC Santa Cruz history professor \u003ca href=\"https://jewishstudies.ucsc.edu/faculty/deutsch.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nathaniel Deutsch\u003c/a> who, along with Deblinger, co-directs the Center for Jewish Studies at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deutsch was referring to a relatively modern narrative of Jews somehow organizing or promoting non-white immigration to Western Europe and the United States, thus threatening to effect “white genocide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s this narrative that a growing number of hate speech watchers see as cultivating a sense of urgency among online readers that they must take up arms against Jews and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of those challenges, you can address through the internet itself,” Deutsch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How exactly? He means public education campaigns, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.bendthearc.us/oneprayer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#ManyVoicesOnePrayer\u003c/a>, featuring more than 100 faith leaders. Posted in the wake of the Poway shootings, it addresses a larger truth about extremism online: It’s breeding attacks on all sorts of worship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/jewishaction/status/1124383196399919104\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11744155/poway-synagogue-shooter-pleads-not-guilty\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">man\u003c/a> accused of killing a woman and injuring three people in a shooting at a Poway synagogue in late April is expected to appear in court this week to face more than 100 federal charges, including obstruction of the free exercise of religion and hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John T. Earnest, 19, allegedly acted alone, but he posted an anti-Semitic “open letter” on 8chan, in which he credited the online forum famous for anti-Semitic conspiracy theories for helping to shape his views. He also expressed the hope his actions would serve as inspiration for a new set of memes to spread these ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conspiracy theories have been at the core of anti-Semitism, and the internet is a fertile breeding ground for conspiracy theorists. Exactly how this genre is evolving was the subject of an event held last week at the Computer Science Museum in Mountain View by UC Santa Cruz’s \u003ca href=\"https://thi.ucsc.edu/initiatives/data-and-democracy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Data and Democracy initiative.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anti-Semitism is one of the oldest hatreds in the world,” said \u003ca href=\"http://racheldeblinger.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rachel Deblinger\u003c/a>, co-director of the \u003ca href=\"https://digitaljewishstudies.sites.ucsc.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Digital Jewish Studies Initiative\u003c/a> and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://digitalhumanities.ucsc.edu/category/digital-scholarship-commons/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Digital Scholarship Commons\u003c/a> at UC Santa Cruz. “The internet provides the tools of creation and dissemination to everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She argues, as do others, that social media platforms of all kinds are effectively resurrecting and refreshing ideas and visual tropes — or “memes” — stemming back to Medieval Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11746554\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11746554\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-800x643.jpeg\" alt=\"At a recent forum on anti-Semitism and the Internet, Rachel Deblinger, co-director of the Digital Jewish Studies Initiative at UC Santa Cruz, demonstrates how new, digital memes draw on ancient, non-digital tropes. Shown here: a recent cartoon of Hungarian-American investor and philanthropist George Soros, depicting him as a world-dominating spider, alongside something similar but much older.\" width=\"800\" height=\"643\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-800x643.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-160x129.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-1020x820.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-1200x964.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme-1920x1543.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_Rachel_SorosMeme.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At a recent forum on anti-Semitism and the internet, Rachel Deblinger, co-director of the Digital Jewish Studies Initiative at UC Santa Cruz, demonstrates how new, digital memes draw on ancient, non-digital tropes. Shown here: A recent cartoon of Hungarian-American investor and philanthropist George Soros depicts him as a world-dominating spider, alongside something similar but much older. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Melody Nixon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You can see modern versions of images used to demonize Jews \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702239/why-its-so-hard-to-scrub-hate-speech-off-social-media\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">all over social media\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.adl.org/resources/reports/gab-and-8chan-home-to-terrorist-plots-hiding-in-plain-sight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not just on forums\u003c/a> where you might expect to find openly, virulent anti-Semitism, like 4chan, 8chan and Gab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As The Associated Press recently reported, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746028/as-facebook-pivots-to-private-platforms-how-will-we-monitor-fake-news-and-hate-speech\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facebook \u003c/a>is inadvertently repackaging propaganda by militant groups, \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/f97c24dab4f34bd0b48b36f2988952a4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">auto-generating\u003c/a> videos and pages the same way it reminds you to celebrate anniversaries with your Facebook friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Computer History Museum, Deblinger pointed to one Pinterest page filled with historical imagery. Without any explanatory text, it’s hard to determine the page owner’s interest in the material. But Deblinger and others agree anti-Semitic content presented without context leaves the consumer of that material free to cement opinions in any direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also said the images reinforce anti-Semitic thinking already present in our online culture. Some of today’s anti-Semitic ideas sound eerily similar to those espoused by Nazi Germany: pseudo-science theories identifying Jews as a separate race, or as being disproportionately responsible for the emergence of a host of modern social and economic ills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deblinger said journalists can unintentionally promote anti-Semitism by even just publishing anti-Semitic imagery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11746562\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11746562 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-800x680.jpeg\" alt=\"Vlad Khaykin, associate director of the Anti Defamation League’s regional office in San Francisco and Rachel Deblinger, co-director of the Digital Jewish Studies Initiative at UC Santa Cruz. The two spoke at a forum on anti-Semitism and the Internet at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View.\" width=\"800\" height=\"680\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-800x680.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-160x136.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-1020x868.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-1200x1021.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel-1920x1633.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/AntisemitismInternet_VladRachel.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Judah “Vlad” Khaykin, associate regional director of the Anti-Defamation League’s office in San Francisco and Rachel Deblinger, co-director of the Digital Jewish Studies Initiative at UC Santa Cruz. The two spoke at a forum on anti-Semitism and the internet at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Melody Nixon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Take for example, the recent controversy involving the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/28/business/ny-times-anti-semitic-cartoon.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New York Times.\u003c/a> The Times came under fierce public criticism when its international editorial section republished a cartoon of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu presented as a dog, leading a blind President Trump, dressed in the garb of Orthodox Jews. The Times later apologized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Portuguese cartoonist, António Moreira Antunes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/cartoonist-who-drew-nyt-cartoon-denies-its-anti-semitic-blames-jewish-1412456\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">denies\u003c/a> his work was anti-Semitic. He may have primarily intended to comment on the power dynamic between two political figures — but the imagery mimics a long line of anti-Semitic visual tropes stretching back centuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those include cartoonish images of Jews animalized as dogs, pigs, rats and spiders, and of Jews leading “blind” non-Jewish world leaders as part of a conspiracy to dominate the world for nefarious ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident at the Times happened in April, the same month the Anti-Defamation League’s annual\u003ca href=\"http://www.adl.org/audit2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Audit of Anti-Semitic Incidents\u003c/a> reported a total of 1,879 attacks against Jews and Jewish institutions across the U.S. in 2018 — a near-historic high in the period since ADL started tracking this data in the 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incidents include everything from fliers to robocalls, but the ADL picks out a troubling trend: “While most anti-Semitic incidents are not directly perpetrated by extremists … In 2018, 249 acts of anti-Semitism (13% of the total incidents) were attributable to known extremist groups or individuals inspired by extremist ideology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The internet serves as the latest battleground in the fight against anti-Semitism,” said \u003ca href=\"http://judahkhaykin.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Judah “Vlad” Khaykin\u003c/a>, associate regional director of the Anti-Defamation League’s office in San Francisco. “These people are collaborating with each other. They’re sharing ‘best practices.’ They’re fundraising. They’re organizing, and so on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The internet has allowed anti-Semitism to morph and to change, and that poses new challenges,” said UC Santa Cruz history professor \u003ca href=\"https://jewishstudies.ucsc.edu/faculty/deutsch.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nathaniel Deutsch\u003c/a> who, along with Deblinger, co-directs the Center for Jewish Studies at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deutsch was referring to a relatively modern narrative of Jews somehow organizing or promoting non-white immigration to Western Europe and the United States, thus threatening to effect “white genocide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s this narrative that a growing number of hate speech watchers see as cultivating a sense of urgency among online readers that they must take up arms against Jews and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of those challenges, you can address through the internet itself,” Deutsch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How exactly? He means public education campaigns, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.bendthearc.us/oneprayer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#ManyVoicesOnePrayer\u003c/a>, featuring more than 100 faith leaders. Posted in the wake of the Poway shootings, it addresses a larger truth about extremism online: It’s breeding attacks on all sorts of worship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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