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"disqusTitle": "Walking Tour Attempts to Explain Proposed Changes to Proposition 13",
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"content": "\u003cp>As groups hoping to amend parts of Proposition 13 continue working to rally support, one tactic they're using is a walking tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday's tour through downtown Oakland was led by Derek Sagehorn, a member of \u003ca href=\"https://eastbayforeveryone.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">East Bay for Everyone\u003c/a>. The walking tour is a way to help interested parties better visualize the impact of Prop 13 over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tour was attended by about 10 people, and lasted 90 minutes. During that time, Sagehorn stopped at various locations — including corporate buildings, public buildings and empty storefronts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792699\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792699\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178.jpg 1960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sagehorn points at an empty storefront on 9th Street and Broadway to show the impacts of Proposition 13 in local communities. \u003ccite>(Julie Chang/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At one point, Sagehorn identified two buildings on 9th Street and Broadway as examples of landlords who pay small property tax rates from decades ago, but continue to benefit from rising market values as they charge high rents and pocket the difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Two empty storefronts on Oakland's main boulevard, even though the landlords here are paying pennies on the dollar,\" Sagehorn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tour is part of a larger campaign known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.schoolsandcommunitiesfirst.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Schools & Communities First\u003c/a> initiative, whose organizers are collecting signatures to put a measure on next November's ballot that would change language around how Prop 13 applies to taxes on commercial property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the initiative say that should this measure pass, large corporations would be taxed significantly more than they currently are and that the extra tax revenue would be put into local governments and education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But opponents argue that the creation of a \"split roll\" tax would only increase costs for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group opposing the change, known as the \u003ca href=\"https://stophigherpropertytaxes.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Californians to Stop Higher Property Taxes\u003c/a>, argues that many small businesses rent their business property from large corporations. So if the latter is forced to pay higher taxes, they'll pass off those increased costs to the small business owners, who in turn would have to raise costs for their goods and services and — ultimately — customers would be left to pick up the tab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also claim the measure falls short on accountability, asserting that it provides \"zero requirements on how the money should be spent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='prop-13' label='More Coverage.']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proponents of the measure \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11767274/backers-of-proposition-13-split-roll-ballot-measure-hit-reset-button\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">already put a version of the bill\u003c/a> on the November 2020 ballot, but organizers re-drafted the measure to strengthen protections for small businesses. They have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11788381/the-battle-over-prop-13-is-underway\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">actively collecting signatures\u003c/a> to replace the first version with the newer one, but to do so they needed to start the signature-collecting process all over again and gather nearly one million signatures by March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Backers of the initiative announced Friday that they've \u003ca href=\"https://www.schoolsandcommunitiesfirst.org/post/benchmark-schools-communities-first-hits-critical-25-signature-gathering-benchmark-early\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">met 25% of their signature goal\u003c/a>, and that they're currently on track to meet next year's deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kate Traynor, who attended the tour in Oakland, said she came to learn more about the effects of Proposition 13 on local economies. She said many people remain unaware of not just the impacts of Proposition 13, but also of what the proposition even is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are surprised. They don't know about it, which is crazy,\" said Traynor. \"They get mad when you explain, so I think there is latent untapped support for something like this. It's just an education problem.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sagehorn said they hope to expand this idea of a walking tour to other cities, with the next one taking place in February through Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As groups hoping to amend parts of Proposition 13 continue working to rally support, one tactic they're using is a walking tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday's tour through downtown Oakland was led by Derek Sagehorn, a member of \u003ca href=\"https://eastbayforeveryone.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">East Bay for Everyone\u003c/a>. The walking tour is a way to help interested parties better visualize the impact of Prop 13 over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tour was attended by about 10 people, and lasted 90 minutes. During that time, Sagehorn stopped at various locations — including corporate buildings, public buildings and empty storefronts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792699\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792699\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/IMG_4178.jpg 1960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sagehorn points at an empty storefront on 9th Street and Broadway to show the impacts of Proposition 13 in local communities. \u003ccite>(Julie Chang/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At one point, Sagehorn identified two buildings on 9th Street and Broadway as examples of landlords who pay small property tax rates from decades ago, but continue to benefit from rising market values as they charge high rents and pocket the difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Two empty storefronts on Oakland's main boulevard, even though the landlords here are paying pennies on the dollar,\" Sagehorn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tour is part of a larger campaign known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.schoolsandcommunitiesfirst.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Schools & Communities First\u003c/a> initiative, whose organizers are collecting signatures to put a measure on next November's ballot that would change language around how Prop 13 applies to taxes on commercial property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the initiative say that should this measure pass, large corporations would be taxed significantly more than they currently are and that the extra tax revenue would be put into local governments and education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But opponents argue that the creation of a \"split roll\" tax would only increase costs for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group opposing the change, known as the \u003ca href=\"https://stophigherpropertytaxes.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Californians to Stop Higher Property Taxes\u003c/a>, argues that many small businesses rent their business property from large corporations. So if the latter is forced to pay higher taxes, they'll pass off those increased costs to the small business owners, who in turn would have to raise costs for their goods and services and — ultimately — customers would be left to pick up the tab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also claim the measure falls short on accountability, asserting that it provides \"zero requirements on how the money should be spent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proponents of the measure \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11767274/backers-of-proposition-13-split-roll-ballot-measure-hit-reset-button\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">already put a version of the bill\u003c/a> on the November 2020 ballot, but organizers re-drafted the measure to strengthen protections for small businesses. They have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11788381/the-battle-over-prop-13-is-underway\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">actively collecting signatures\u003c/a> to replace the first version with the newer one, but to do so they needed to start the signature-collecting process all over again and gather nearly one million signatures by March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Backers of the initiative announced Friday that they've \u003ca href=\"https://www.schoolsandcommunitiesfirst.org/post/benchmark-schools-communities-first-hits-critical-25-signature-gathering-benchmark-early\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">met 25% of their signature goal\u003c/a>, and that they're currently on track to meet next year's deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kate Traynor, who attended the tour in Oakland, said she came to learn more about the effects of Proposition 13 on local economies. She said many people remain unaware of not just the impacts of Proposition 13, but also of what the proposition even is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are surprised. They don't know about it, which is crazy,\" said Traynor. \"They get mad when you explain, so I think there is latent untapped support for something like this. It's just an education problem.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sagehorn said they hope to expand this idea of a walking tour to other cities, with the next one taking place in February through Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Department of Labor’s workplace safety agency is getting ready to take new action to reduce workers’ exposure to dangerous \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/silica/default.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">silica\u003c/a> dust that can irreparably damage the lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the agency’s new program doesn’t give special attention to the kitchen and bathroom countertop industry, which has recently seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/10/02/766028237/workers-are-falling-ill-even-dying-after-making-kitchen-countertops\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cases\u003c/a> of severe lung damage that have alarmed public health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Physicians have found aggressive forms of the disease silicosis in young, previously healthy \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/785708157/silicosis-in-u-s-countertop-workers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">workers\u003c/a> who cut and polished countertops made out of natural stone and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/12/02/782958005/there-s-no-good-dust-what-happens-after-quartz-countertops-leave-the-factory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">engineered quartz\u003c/a>, a composite material that typically has a silica content of more than 90%. Some workers have died, and others will need lung transplants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding silicosis in the countertop industry was something new for the United States, where over 2 million American workers are exposed to silica dust in other jobs like construction, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/features/preventing-silicosis/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according\u003c/a> to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The silica dust comes from cutting, grinding, mixing or demolishing materials like stone, concrete and brick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Australia, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)30478-7/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">studies\u003c/a> of countertop workers have found that more than 10% have silicosis. It’s unknown how many of the estimated 100,000 countertop workers in the U. S. are affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/10/07/767916317/lawmakers-seek-protections-for-workers-against-lung-damage-tied-to-making-counte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wrote\u003c/a> to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in October, calling for the agency to issue a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/enforcement/directives/nep\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Emphasis Program\u003c/a> to focus agency resources on the engineered stone countertop fabrication industry and make it easier for inspectors to target those workplaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Public Health Association also wrote to OSHA in October, saying “there is an urgent need for OSHA enforcement and outreach on respirable silica in this industry. … Targeted inspections in the industry will help determine the magnitude of the problem.” As of Dec. 20, OSHA had not responded to the association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 19, however, the Department of Labor did \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/documents/2019/dec/12-19-2019%20Scott%20RE-Silica%20NEP.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">inform lawmakers \u003c/a>that it \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/documents/2019/dec/12-19-2019%20Adams%20RE-Silica%20NEP.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">intends to implement\u003c/a> a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/documents/2019/dec/Silica_NEP.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Emphasis Program\u003c/a> for silica, which will replace a similar program that was \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/enforcement/directives/cpl-03-00-007-0\">canceled\u003c/a> in October of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='health' label='More Coverage.']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A required 10-day notice was given to House and Senate appropriations committees on Dec. 17, which means the program could go into effect very soon. It will require that 2% of all OSHA inspections every year occur in workplaces at elevated risk of silica exposures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But countertop fabricators are just one targeted industry in a long list that includes everything from iron foundries to concrete pipe manufacturing to machine shops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OSHA anticipates that the majority of the inspections will occur in construction,” according to a description of the program provided to lawmakers, because most exposures to silica dust occur on construction sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One congressional aide said it wasn’t clear how many additional inspections would actually occur at countertop fabrication shops, and called this a woefully inadequate response to what some public health experts fear is a potential crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spending bill that passed this past week did provide OSHA with an increase of $24 million above its 2019 enacted funding level, however, which means more money will be available for inspections and enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+New+Safety+Program+Takes+On+Silica+Dust+Amid+A+Possible+Crisis&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Department of Labor’s workplace safety agency is getting ready to take new action to reduce workers’ exposure to dangerous \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/silica/default.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">silica\u003c/a> dust that can irreparably damage the lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the agency’s new program doesn’t give special attention to the kitchen and bathroom countertop industry, which has recently seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/10/02/766028237/workers-are-falling-ill-even-dying-after-making-kitchen-countertops\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cases\u003c/a> of severe lung damage that have alarmed public health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Physicians have found aggressive forms of the disease silicosis in young, previously healthy \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/785708157/silicosis-in-u-s-countertop-workers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">workers\u003c/a> who cut and polished countertops made out of natural stone and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/12/02/782958005/there-s-no-good-dust-what-happens-after-quartz-countertops-leave-the-factory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">engineered quartz\u003c/a>, a composite material that typically has a silica content of more than 90%. Some workers have died, and others will need lung transplants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding silicosis in the countertop industry was something new for the United States, where over 2 million American workers are exposed to silica dust in other jobs like construction, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/features/preventing-silicosis/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according\u003c/a> to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The silica dust comes from cutting, grinding, mixing or demolishing materials like stone, concrete and brick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Australia, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)30478-7/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">studies\u003c/a> of countertop workers have found that more than 10% have silicosis. It’s unknown how many of the estimated 100,000 countertop workers in the U. S. are affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/10/07/767916317/lawmakers-seek-protections-for-workers-against-lung-damage-tied-to-making-counte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wrote\u003c/a> to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in October, calling for the agency to issue a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/enforcement/directives/nep\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Emphasis Program\u003c/a> to focus agency resources on the engineered stone countertop fabrication industry and make it easier for inspectors to target those workplaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Public Health Association also wrote to OSHA in October, saying “there is an urgent need for OSHA enforcement and outreach on respirable silica in this industry. … Targeted inspections in the industry will help determine the magnitude of the problem.” As of Dec. 20, OSHA had not responded to the association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 19, however, the Department of Labor did \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/documents/2019/dec/12-19-2019%20Scott%20RE-Silica%20NEP.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">inform lawmakers \u003c/a>that it \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/documents/2019/dec/12-19-2019%20Adams%20RE-Silica%20NEP.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">intends to implement\u003c/a> a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/documents/2019/dec/Silica_NEP.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Emphasis Program\u003c/a> for silica, which will replace a similar program that was \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/enforcement/directives/cpl-03-00-007-0\">canceled\u003c/a> in October of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A required 10-day notice was given to House and Senate appropriations committees on Dec. 17, which means the program could go into effect very soon. It will require that 2% of all OSHA inspections every year occur in workplaces at elevated risk of silica exposures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But countertop fabricators are just one targeted industry in a long list that includes everything from iron foundries to concrete pipe manufacturing to machine shops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OSHA anticipates that the majority of the inspections will occur in construction,” according to a description of the program provided to lawmakers, because most exposures to silica dust occur on construction sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One congressional aide said it wasn’t clear how many additional inspections would actually occur at countertop fabrication shops, and called this a woefully inadequate response to what some public health experts fear is a potential crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spending bill that passed this past week did provide OSHA with an increase of $24 million above its 2019 enacted funding level, however, which means more money will be available for inspections and enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+New+Safety+Program+Takes+On+Silica+Dust+Amid+A+Possible+Crisis&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Legalizing Cannabis Has Unexpected Impact on Food and Farming in Humboldt",
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"content": "\u003cp>Like so many people in southern Humboldt County, Beth Allen has her feet in two worlds. She and her husband started Amillias, a take-out counter and brunch restaurant, 17 years ago in the town of Garberville, but she’s grown cannabis more than twice that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first reported on marijuana in this part of California almost a decade ago, the price of cannabis was higher than it is now, and I saw small businesses thriving. When I drove the commercial strip of Garberville late this past summer, I saw boarded up storefronts and closed businesses. The whole place looks like it could use a coat of paint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen remembers the 1980s, when law enforcement came down hard on growers, sending helicopters into the remote hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were protesting and not moving out of the way so the helicopters could land,” she recalled. “You see all of the rivets under the belly of that helicopter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty years ago, a pound of marijuana could fetch over $5,000. On previous visits I learned that growers funded the construction of non-profit clinics and community centers, and they also had money to spend on higher-end restaurants and specialty foods unusual in a small, rural community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amillias catered to that crowd, with its focus on regional ingredients and the personal stories behind their food. Take their pork products: Allen and her husband have known their pig farmer for nearly two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He drives to Eureka with a trailer, gets whatever's left over from the Booth Brewing Company and his pigs are raised on marijuana and beer,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791519\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791519\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Beth Allen at the take-out counter of her restaurant Amillia's in Garberville.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beth Allen at the take-out counter of her restaurant Amillia's in Garberville. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen has ridden the waves of change in the cannabis industry — from the legalization of medical marijuana to influxes of get-rich-quick growers. In recent years, she advocated for full legalization, and when that became a reality, she tried getting her property through the permitting process in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would show up at the planning department with a box of pastries, a big smile on my face, saying ‘How can we help you get us through this process?’ ” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she found it so frustrating and expensive, she gave up on trying to get a permit for growing legal marijuana. One legalization expert said it can cost a grower $125,000 to get licensed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"cannabis\" label=\"more coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the restaurant business started to falter. Amillias had expanded about five years ago by adding a dining room downstairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew that we could offer something to the community and in a beautiful space,” she said. “Unfortunately I have really bad timing because our community was collapsing. The beginning of the collapse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Allen said, they had a thriving dinner service and private parties, but legalization triggered a drop in the price of cannabis to under $1,000 per pound, down from over $5,000 in marijuana’s heyday. Allen believes this is why fewer people started coming to the restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean we would have no one,\" Allen said. \"All of the staff, we would just stand here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said the take-out counter's revenue dropped by 50%, while the dining room fell by 75%. They closed their dinner service and started a weekend brunch to see if that would draw customers, but they're now considering reducing that to Sundays only. The restaurant went from nine employees to four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a few new restaurants have opened in the region, anecdotally, waitresses from Ukiah to Eureka say they’re seeing fewer customers and getting smaller tips. And I talked with a chef on the coast who told me he closed his high-end restaurant after the economic dip. He said, growers just weren't coming in any more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said she questions her earlier support of legalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just lay in bed at night and think, ‘What was I thinking?’ ” she said. “I have strived to feed my community. I am not perfect. I am far from perfect. I just have to be very quiet, keep my head down and do the work. I pray every day for guidance of what is the right path for us, and what’s the right path for my community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Farming Food and Cannabis Together\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>According to farmers, legalization is bringing changes to food production in Humboldt County, too. For some, there are new opportunities and new customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a distribution center for the cannabis company Flow Kana in the small town of Whitethorn, one employee perk is weekly produce boxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a break, employees crowded around farmer Daniel Stein of Briceland Forest Farm to look at the shishito peppers, beets, broccoli, and lettuce in the week's offerings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flow Kana purchases the produce from Humboldt and surrounding counties, and gives it to their employees around the state. According to Flow Kana, in the last 18 months the company purchased nearly 5,000 produce boxes for its employees, paying local farmers almost $150,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a new revenue stream for Stein, albeit a small one. He’s historically sold most of his produce at farmers markets but said attendance at markets is down, and so is his income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had an economy here that was largely based on the legacy market,” also known as the black market, Stein said. “Under that economy, I think money flowed more freely, people had more time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the economy shifts to growing cannabis legally with permits, much remains in limbo. Prices are changing and many growers don't know if they'll make it through the complicated and pricey permitting process to farm marijuana legally. There's talk of old timers who have stopped growing cannabis, even moved away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our economy and our culture right now is in a period of unknown,” Stein added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncertainty may also be keeping people from spending, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To me, some of this sounds like typical growing pains in an agricultural industry: The market has changed, so expenses are up, while profits are down, and business owners like Stein have to get creative and find new opportunities, like selling produce boxes to marijuana companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kevin Cunningham\"]\"There were seven acres for sale just down the road from us for $1.2 million because it has a stamped cannabis permit. That's just unattainable for somebody who wants to start out growing vegetables. Absolutely unattainable.\"[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Stein said that legalization has also changed where people farm. Marijuana growers used to grow way up in the hills, where their crops could more easily evade detection from law enforcement. Now, if someone wants to start a new cannabis farm, they can do it out in the open, on prime, flat farmland zoned for agricultural development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And of course that's driven the price of prime ag land in Humboldt through the roof,” said Stein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another farmer at the Garberville farmers' market, Kevin Cunningham, chimed in. “There were seven acres for sale just down the road from us for $1.2 million because it has a stamped cannabis permit,\" he said. \"That's just unattainable for somebody who wants to start out growing vegetables. Absolutely unattainable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some cannabis farmers aren’t planting on that prime farmland, said Cunningham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen in our river valley good prime ag soils essentially get paved over for putting in greenhouses, which then will truck in soil to grow cannabis in,\" he said. \"I'm not anti-cannabis but I am anti-stupidity, and I don't think that that's the proper way to develop an agricultural industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stein and his young family are a little nervous. Daniel's wife Taylor Stein said, “This transition time is certainly scary watching things board up and close down. At the same time, the community is discovering its new identity” — albeit one that’s probably going to be less flush with cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Steins, however, said making money has never been their primary reason for farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791520\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791520\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Daniel Stein picks lemon cucumbers at Briceland Forest Farm.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Stein picks lemon cucumbers at Briceland Forest Farm. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I visit the couple and their two small kids at Briceland Forest Farm, where the Steins use organic and regenerative methods on their vibrant row crops. They’re proud that the farm takes up only one acre of their 160-acre property, which is mostly forested land with creeks running through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they pulled their baby in a wagon, the Steins pointed out the late-summer crops of kale and lemon cucumbers. A little frog hopped among the cabbages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing alongside the produce were towering cannabis plants. They've always grown both. They told me, an integrated farm makes good business sense, and it fits their values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a more profitable crop than veggies alone at the moment, even though that’s changing,” said Taylor Stein. \"Cannabis, it’s a dance partner through the season. It is so rewarding to grow a plant that starts from a seed in February and is the size of a tree in November. It responds to your attention and care immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the legalization of marijuana, the Steins said they spent time on habitat restoration on their land and on experimenting with sustainable farming techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now they’re finding themselves spending a lot more time and money on getting permits to grow cannabis legally. Still, Daniel Stein says they’re holding on. He hopes that their way of farming and growing both food and cannabis will allow them to make a living and raise their family in this place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Like so many people in southern Humboldt County, Beth Allen has her feet in two worlds. She and her husband started Amillias, a take-out counter and brunch restaurant, 17 years ago in the town of Garberville, but she’s grown cannabis more than twice that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first reported on marijuana in this part of California almost a decade ago, the price of cannabis was higher than it is now, and I saw small businesses thriving. When I drove the commercial strip of Garberville late this past summer, I saw boarded up storefronts and closed businesses. The whole place looks like it could use a coat of paint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen remembers the 1980s, when law enforcement came down hard on growers, sending helicopters into the remote hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were protesting and not moving out of the way so the helicopters could land,” she recalled. “You see all of the rivets under the belly of that helicopter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty years ago, a pound of marijuana could fetch over $5,000. On previous visits I learned that growers funded the construction of non-profit clinics and community centers, and they also had money to spend on higher-end restaurants and specialty foods unusual in a small, rural community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amillias catered to that crowd, with its focus on regional ingredients and the personal stories behind their food. Take their pork products: Allen and her husband have known their pig farmer for nearly two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He drives to Eureka with a trailer, gets whatever's left over from the Booth Brewing Company and his pigs are raised on marijuana and beer,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791519\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791519\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Beth Allen at the take-out counter of her restaurant Amillia's in Garberville.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40489_IMG_2799-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beth Allen at the take-out counter of her restaurant Amillia's in Garberville. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen has ridden the waves of change in the cannabis industry — from the legalization of medical marijuana to influxes of get-rich-quick growers. In recent years, she advocated for full legalization, and when that became a reality, she tried getting her property through the permitting process in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would show up at the planning department with a box of pastries, a big smile on my face, saying ‘How can we help you get us through this process?’ ” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she found it so frustrating and expensive, she gave up on trying to get a permit for growing legal marijuana. One legalization expert said it can cost a grower $125,000 to get licensed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the restaurant business started to falter. Amillias had expanded about five years ago by adding a dining room downstairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew that we could offer something to the community and in a beautiful space,” she said. “Unfortunately I have really bad timing because our community was collapsing. The beginning of the collapse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Allen said, they had a thriving dinner service and private parties, but legalization triggered a drop in the price of cannabis to under $1,000 per pound, down from over $5,000 in marijuana’s heyday. Allen believes this is why fewer people started coming to the restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean we would have no one,\" Allen said. \"All of the staff, we would just stand here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said the take-out counter's revenue dropped by 50%, while the dining room fell by 75%. They closed their dinner service and started a weekend brunch to see if that would draw customers, but they're now considering reducing that to Sundays only. The restaurant went from nine employees to four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While a few new restaurants have opened in the region, anecdotally, waitresses from Ukiah to Eureka say they’re seeing fewer customers and getting smaller tips. And I talked with a chef on the coast who told me he closed his high-end restaurant after the economic dip. He said, growers just weren't coming in any more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen said she questions her earlier support of legalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just lay in bed at night and think, ‘What was I thinking?’ ” she said. “I have strived to feed my community. I am not perfect. I am far from perfect. I just have to be very quiet, keep my head down and do the work. I pray every day for guidance of what is the right path for us, and what’s the right path for my community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Farming Food and Cannabis Together\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>According to farmers, legalization is bringing changes to food production in Humboldt County, too. For some, there are new opportunities and new customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a distribution center for the cannabis company Flow Kana in the small town of Whitethorn, one employee perk is weekly produce boxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a break, employees crowded around farmer Daniel Stein of Briceland Forest Farm to look at the shishito peppers, beets, broccoli, and lettuce in the week's offerings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flow Kana purchases the produce from Humboldt and surrounding counties, and gives it to their employees around the state. According to Flow Kana, in the last 18 months the company purchased nearly 5,000 produce boxes for its employees, paying local farmers almost $150,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a new revenue stream for Stein, albeit a small one. He’s historically sold most of his produce at farmers markets but said attendance at markets is down, and so is his income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had an economy here that was largely based on the legacy market,” also known as the black market, Stein said. “Under that economy, I think money flowed more freely, people had more time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the economy shifts to growing cannabis legally with permits, much remains in limbo. Prices are changing and many growers don't know if they'll make it through the complicated and pricey permitting process to farm marijuana legally. There's talk of old timers who have stopped growing cannabis, even moved away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our economy and our culture right now is in a period of unknown,” Stein added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncertainty may also be keeping people from spending, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To me, some of this sounds like typical growing pains in an agricultural industry: The market has changed, so expenses are up, while profits are down, and business owners like Stein have to get creative and find new opportunities, like selling produce boxes to marijuana companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\"There were seven acres for sale just down the road from us for $1.2 million because it has a stamped cannabis permit. That's just unattainable for somebody who wants to start out growing vegetables. Absolutely unattainable.\"",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Stein said that legalization has also changed where people farm. Marijuana growers used to grow way up in the hills, where their crops could more easily evade detection from law enforcement. Now, if someone wants to start a new cannabis farm, they can do it out in the open, on prime, flat farmland zoned for agricultural development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And of course that's driven the price of prime ag land in Humboldt through the roof,” said Stein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another farmer at the Garberville farmers' market, Kevin Cunningham, chimed in. “There were seven acres for sale just down the road from us for $1.2 million because it has a stamped cannabis permit,\" he said. \"That's just unattainable for somebody who wants to start out growing vegetables. Absolutely unattainable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some cannabis farmers aren’t planting on that prime farmland, said Cunningham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen in our river valley good prime ag soils essentially get paved over for putting in greenhouses, which then will truck in soil to grow cannabis in,\" he said. \"I'm not anti-cannabis but I am anti-stupidity, and I don't think that that's the proper way to develop an agricultural industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stein and his young family are a little nervous. Daniel's wife Taylor Stein said, “This transition time is certainly scary watching things board up and close down. At the same time, the community is discovering its new identity” — albeit one that’s probably going to be less flush with cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Steins, however, said making money has never been their primary reason for farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11791520\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11791520\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Daniel Stein picks lemon cucumbers at Briceland Forest Farm.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40487_IMG_2829-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Stein picks lemon cucumbers at Briceland Forest Farm. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I visit the couple and their two small kids at Briceland Forest Farm, where the Steins use organic and regenerative methods on their vibrant row crops. They’re proud that the farm takes up only one acre of their 160-acre property, which is mostly forested land with creeks running through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they pulled their baby in a wagon, the Steins pointed out the late-summer crops of kale and lemon cucumbers. A little frog hopped among the cabbages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing alongside the produce were towering cannabis plants. They've always grown both. They told me, an integrated farm makes good business sense, and it fits their values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a more profitable crop than veggies alone at the moment, even though that’s changing,” said Taylor Stein. \"Cannabis, it’s a dance partner through the season. It is so rewarding to grow a plant that starts from a seed in February and is the size of a tree in November. It responds to your attention and care immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the legalization of marijuana, the Steins said they spent time on habitat restoration on their land and on experimenting with sustainable farming techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now they’re finding themselves spending a lot more time and money on getting permits to grow cannabis legally. Still, Daniel Stein says they’re holding on. He hopes that their way of farming and growing both food and cannabis will allow them to make a living and raise their family in this place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Trump Impeachment and Democratic Presidential Debate\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday night, after hours of impassioned speeches, the U.S. House of Representatives passed two articles of impeachment against President Trump, making him just the third president in U.S. history to be impeached by Congress.Two Democrats joined Republicans in rejecting both articles — abuse of power and obstruction of Congress — while a third Democrat cast a vote against the obstruction charge. Also this week, seven democratic presidential hopefuls headed to California for a debate at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles. This time, it was South Bend, Indiana Mayor Pete Buttigieg on the defensive, clashing with Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren who criticized him for a recent glitzy fundraiser he held in Napa Valley. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Melanie Mason, political writer, Los Angeles Times\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joe Garofoli, senior political writer, San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Controversial SF Homeless Shelter Set to Open\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the end of this month, a 200-bed Navigation Center on San Francisco’s Embarcadero will open its doors to help people struggling with homelessness get off the streets. San Francisco Mayor London Breed has championed the temporary shelter, despite efforts to block its construction by neighbors who fear it will increase crime and drug use in the area. Supervisor Matt Haney reintroduced legislation that would direct all city supervisors to secure sites for similar shelters in each of their districts. More than 8,000 people in San Francisco are homeless, a nearly 20% increase from 2017.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Mayor London Breed\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Savoring the Flavors of the Holidays\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With the holidays just days away, we hear from a food editor and chef about gift ideas for the home cook in your life, as well as advice on how to take the stress out of cooking for friends and family while making the holidays fun and deliciously festive. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ellen Fort, food editor, Sunset Magazine \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anthony Strong, chef and owner, Prairie Restaurant\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Trump Impeachment and Democratic Presidential Debate\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday night, after hours of impassioned speeches, the U.S. House of Representatives passed two articles of impeachment against President Trump, making him just the third president in U.S. history to be impeached by Congress.Two Democrats joined Republicans in rejecting both articles — abuse of power and obstruction of Congress — while a third Democrat cast a vote against the obstruction charge. Also this week, seven democratic presidential hopefuls headed to California for a debate at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles. This time, it was South Bend, Indiana Mayor Pete Buttigieg on the defensive, clashing with Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren who criticized him for a recent glitzy fundraiser he held in Napa Valley. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Melanie Mason, political writer, Los Angeles Times\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joe Garofoli, senior political writer, San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Controversial SF Homeless Shelter Set to Open\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the end of this month, a 200-bed Navigation Center on San Francisco’s Embarcadero will open its doors to help people struggling with homelessness get off the streets. San Francisco Mayor London Breed has championed the temporary shelter, despite efforts to block its construction by neighbors who fear it will increase crime and drug use in the area. Supervisor Matt Haney reintroduced legislation that would direct all city supervisors to secure sites for similar shelters in each of their districts. More than 8,000 people in San Francisco are homeless, a nearly 20% increase from 2017.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Mayor London Breed\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Savoring the Flavors of the Holidays\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With the holidays just days away, we hear from a food editor and chef about gift ideas for the home cook in your life, as well as advice on how to take the stress out of cooking for friends and family while making the holidays fun and deliciously festive. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Japanese Latin Americans Interned in WWII See Injustice for Migrants Today",
"title": "Japanese Latin Americans Interned in WWII See Injustice for Migrants Today",
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"content": "\u003cp>Libia Yamamoto has a feel for fashion — even as a young girl in a World War II detention camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent trip back to the place where she was imprisoned for four years as a child, Yamamoto showed me a class photo. She was 10 years old at the time, and in the picture she's smiling at the camera, dark hair swept back in a ribbon, sporting a plaid tailored dress with a flared skirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto is now 84. Her hair is white, but still carefully coiffed. On this cold November day she’s bundled up in a long wool coat as she waits to board a chartered bus. I'm joining her as she travels more than 100 miles from San Antonio to Crystal City, Texas, where she was interned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon we’re rolling down the highway into rural South Texas, in a convoy of buses carrying 170 people who all share some connection to the Crystal City Internment Camp. They are making this pilgrimage to draw attention to a little-known injustice of WWII that seems more relevant than ever: They see a repeat of their own history in the large-scale detention of migrant families in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792556\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792556\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese Latin American Libia Yamamoto reunited with others who were interned in Crystal City, Texas, during WWII.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese Latin American Libia Yamamoto reunited with others who were interned in Crystal City, Texas, during WWII. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto was born in Peru to parents who had immigrated from Japan in the early 1900s. The family owned several thriving businesses in the coastal city of Chiclayo and lived a comfortable life on a hacienda with servants and chauffeurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That life unraveled after the Japanese military bombed Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year after that attack, police in Peru arrested Yamamoto's father and took him to the local jail. Yamamoto and her mother arrived there the next morning just in time to see police load him onto a truck with other men and drive away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto said her mother, who had kept her composure until then, burst into tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto cried too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In between sobs, I would ask my mother, 'Where's he going?'” Yamamoto recalled. “She said she didn't know. I said, 'When is he coming back?' She didn’t know anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out that the U.S. government had pressured Latin American governments to turn over legal residents and even citizens of Japanese, German or Italian ancestry, ostensibly to protect the southern hemisphere from invasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792554\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792554\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese Peruvian men in the Panama Canal Zone heading to detention in the U.S., April 2, 1942. Koshio Henry Shima (2nd from right) was a named plaintiff in a 1996 lawsuit against the U.S. government seeking redress.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese Peruvian men in the Panama Canal Zone heading to detention in the U.S., April 2, 1942. Koshio Henry Shima (2nd from right) was a named plaintiff in a 1996 lawsuit against the U.S. government seeking redress. \u003ccite>(National Archives, Courtesy of Japanese Peruvian Oral History Project )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under the pretext of national security, U.S. officials transported supposedly dangerous “enemy aliens” to the United States. Ultimately more than 2,200 people of Japanese ancestry from 13 Latin American countries ended up detained in the United States during WWII. Of those, 1800 were from Peru.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I first learned about this history more than 20 years ago from a family friend in Los Angeles who told me, “The U.S. government kidnapped my family and threw us in a concentration camp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"japanese-internment\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was back before I was a journalist. I helped publicize the \u003ca href=\"https://jlacampaignforjustice.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">redress efforts\u003c/a> of some of the surviving Japanese Latin Americans who filed a lawsuit against the U.S. government in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a month after her father was taken away, Yamamoto told me her family didn’t know where he was or even if he was alive. Then he managed to send a letter for her sister’s birthday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He had enclosed some pressed flowers,” Yamamoto remembered. “He said, ‘I'm sorry, I can't give you any birthday present, so this will have to do.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wrote that he’d been put to work in a U.S. Army camp in Panama.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months later, authorities told the family that if they wanted to see him again, they would have to agree to be shipped to the United States and reunite with him there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in July 1943, Yamamoto, her mother and two siblings joined other wives and children at the port of Callao to board a U.S. ship. She remembers walking up the gangplank, bringing all that they could carry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was so afraid,” Yamamoto said. “We saw the soldiers lined up with guns, and we thought, ‘As soon as we go to high seas, they're going to kill us all!’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it turned out, the U.S. planned to use detainees like the Yamamoto's family for prisoner exchanges with Japan and other enemy nations. During the war, the U.S. exchanged 900 Japanese Latin Americans for U.S. citizens held by the Japanese, and then after the war, deported another 800 of them to Japan, a place many of them had never seen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. consuls in Latin America were under orders not to issue visas to families like Yamamoto's, and on the ship, U.S. soldiers confiscated the passports of any traveler who had one, according to historian C. Harvey Gardiner, who wrote a book about the prisoner exchange program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Yamamoto's family arrived in New Orleans, after a three week journey, she said immigration agents on the dock asked to see their travel documents. When she couldn't present a visa or passport, her mother was told the family had entered the U.S. “illegally,” and they were being sent to detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto remembered seeing customs agents searching bags and even dumping people’s belongings into the water. But she was allowed to keep her prized possession: a doll her father had given her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Libia Yamamoto\"]\"In between sobs, I would ask my mother, 'Where's he going?’ She said she didn't know. I said, 'When is he coming back?' She didn’t know anything.\"[/pullquote] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike the 120,000 American citizens and residents of Japanese ancestry in the U.S. who were detained in internment camps run by the War Relocation Authority, the Latin Americans were detained in facilities run by the Immigration and Naturalization Service. They were largely hidden from the public and the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated 3,000 Latin Americans of Japanese, German and Italian ancestry passed through the Crystal City \u003ca href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Crystal_City_(detention_facility)/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">internment camp\u003c/a> for families. A 1945 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=crystal+city+texas+internment+camp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">propaganda film\u003c/a> produced by the U.S. Department of Justice shows hundreds of cabins laid out across dirt roads and enclosed in high fences with watch towers for armed guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto was seven when she arrived and would spend the next four years there.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Immigrant Families Detained Today\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In January of this year, I traveled to the same part of Texas to report on a new wave of families in detention: thousands of mothers and children seeking refuge from violence in Central America who were taken into custody by Immigration and Customs Enforcement and placed in a privately-run prison, just 45 miles from Crystal City, in a town called Dilley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the facility opened in 2015, the population has fluctuated from a few hundred people up to 2400.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792506\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792506\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Flood lights illuminate the Immigration and Customs Enforcement family detention facility in Dilley, Texas.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flood lights illuminate the Immigration and Customs Enforcement family detention facility in Dilley, Texas. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>ICE denied my requests to visit the South Texas Family Residential Center, so I asked an immigrant advocate who had worked inside it to drive me to the highway entrance. From there at a distance you can see a large tented area, where immigrant rights advocate Katy Murdza believes people are processed in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can just see the tops of the light posts,” Murdza observed. “There's flood lighting at night, so people say it's even hard to sleep because it's never truly night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those flood lights are so bright you can see them from a mile away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Crystal City camp was also surrounded by barbed wire fences and flood lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When our buses arrive, all that’s visible on the now barren field is a water tower and the cement base of a reservoir that the detainees converted into a swimming pool to escape the scorching Texas summers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two girls drowned in that pool — one of them was Yamamoto's good friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto and the other pilgrims gather inside the base of the swimming pool for a ceremony to honor the girls and 15 other people who died at the camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buddhist minister Ron Kobata of San Francisco asks participants to offer incense and white carnations at an altar for their predecessors, “who endured this experience, but not with just pity and resentment, but with determination, so that their offspring will not have to endure that same tragedy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto and other pilgrims participate in the ritual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792545\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792545\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese Latin American Eloy Moaki returns to the site where his family was interned during WWII in Crystal City, Texas.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese Latin American Eloy Moaki returns to the site where his family was interned during WWII in Crystal City, Texas. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Later, they say that a very similar tragedy is unfolding again — for migrant families coming to the U.S. to seek asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after their visit to Crystal City, they participate in a rally in San Antonio with local immigrant advocates. Yamamoto is invited to speak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lately when I hear the immigrants getting separated by children and parents, I feel so bad for them!” she tells the crowd of a couple hundred people. She says it brings back the painful memories of her own childhood separation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When my father was kidnapped in January of 1943 and we said goodbye to him, not knowing where he was being taken, and when we ever will see him again,” she says. “It was a very traumatic day for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792555\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792555\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese Latin Americans rallied in San Antonio, Texas, to protest the Trump administration's family detention policies.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese Latin Americans rallied in San Antonio, Texas, to protest the Trump administration's family detention policies. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Murdza, the advocate who took me to the family detention center in Dilley earlier this year, also speaks at the rally. She works for an organization that provides legal help to families to get them released from detention to await their hearings in immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Detention harms the physical health, mental health and legal rights of the families,” she tells the former internees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government calls this facility the South Texas Family Residential Center,” Murdza says. “But those of us who know its effects on the mothers and children detained there know that it's a jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Starting Over in the United States\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>After about eight months of separation, Yamamoto was finally reunited with her father in Crystal City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the parents learned that the U.S. wanted to deport them to Japan — a place that Yamamoto and her siblings had never been. But the day they were set to sail, Yamamoto’s father became too ill to travel. His health had deteriorated in detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A full two years after the war ended, the family was still being held at Crystal City. Finally, an attorney with the ACLU of Northern California arranged for their release to an aunt in Berkeley who agreed to sponsor them. Yamamoto remembers taking the train to the now defunct Santa Fe station at Acton Street and University Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A Japanese minister came to pick us up,” she recalled. “He drove up University and all the neon lights were shining. Wow! We were just amazed at all those beautiful lights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto’s parents lost all their property in Peru, and Peruvian officials would not allow the family to return. She says her parents worked menial jobs in California for the rest of their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than a decade after their release, the government continued to consider them \"illegal aliens” subject to deportation. Then in 1954, a change in U.S. immigration law allowed the family to become legal permanent residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, in 1998, Japanese Latin Americans won a historic settlement of $5,000 for each surviving detainee or their family, and a letter of apology signed by President Bill Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many survivors found the offer meager, they thought it was important that the U.S. government officially acknowledged that it had violated their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We recognize the wrongs of the past and offer our profound regret to those who endured such grave injustice,” the letter stated. “We understand that our nation’s actions were rooted in racial prejudice and wartime hysteria.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto says she’s praying that President Trump will soon realize that his policies on immigrant families are wrong and that children are paying the price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Libia Yamamoto has a feel for fashion — even as a young girl in a World War II detention camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent trip back to the place where she was imprisoned for four years as a child, Yamamoto showed me a class photo. She was 10 years old at the time, and in the picture she's smiling at the camera, dark hair swept back in a ribbon, sporting a plaid tailored dress with a flared skirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto is now 84. Her hair is white, but still carefully coiffed. On this cold November day she’s bundled up in a long wool coat as she waits to board a chartered bus. I'm joining her as she travels more than 100 miles from San Antonio to Crystal City, Texas, where she was interned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon we’re rolling down the highway into rural South Texas, in a convoy of buses carrying 170 people who all share some connection to the Crystal City Internment Camp. They are making this pilgrimage to draw attention to a little-known injustice of WWII that seems more relevant than ever: They see a repeat of their own history in the large-scale detention of migrant families in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792556\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792556\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese Latin American Libia Yamamoto reunited with others who were interned in Crystal City, Texas, during WWII.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40590_IMG_1605-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese Latin American Libia Yamamoto reunited with others who were interned in Crystal City, Texas, during WWII. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto was born in Peru to parents who had immigrated from Japan in the early 1900s. The family owned several thriving businesses in the coastal city of Chiclayo and lived a comfortable life on a hacienda with servants and chauffeurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That life unraveled after the Japanese military bombed Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year after that attack, police in Peru arrested Yamamoto's father and took him to the local jail. Yamamoto and her mother arrived there the next morning just in time to see police load him onto a truck with other men and drive away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto said her mother, who had kept her composure until then, burst into tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto cried too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In between sobs, I would ask my mother, 'Where's he going?'” Yamamoto recalled. “She said she didn't know. I said, 'When is he coming back?' She didn’t know anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out that the U.S. government had pressured Latin American governments to turn over legal residents and even citizens of Japanese, German or Italian ancestry, ostensibly to protect the southern hemisphere from invasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792554\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792554\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese Peruvian men in the Panama Canal Zone heading to detention in the U.S., April 2, 1942. Koshio Henry Shima (2nd from right) was a named plaintiff in a 1996 lawsuit against the U.S. government seeking redress.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40547_6A-P04_cropped-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese Peruvian men in the Panama Canal Zone heading to detention in the U.S., April 2, 1942. Koshio Henry Shima (2nd from right) was a named plaintiff in a 1996 lawsuit against the U.S. government seeking redress. \u003ccite>(National Archives, Courtesy of Japanese Peruvian Oral History Project )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under the pretext of national security, U.S. officials transported supposedly dangerous “enemy aliens” to the United States. Ultimately more than 2,200 people of Japanese ancestry from 13 Latin American countries ended up detained in the United States during WWII. Of those, 1800 were from Peru.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I first learned about this history more than 20 years ago from a family friend in Los Angeles who told me, “The U.S. government kidnapped my family and threw us in a concentration camp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was back before I was a journalist. I helped publicize the \u003ca href=\"https://jlacampaignforjustice.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">redress efforts\u003c/a> of some of the surviving Japanese Latin Americans who filed a lawsuit against the U.S. government in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a month after her father was taken away, Yamamoto told me her family didn’t know where he was or even if he was alive. Then he managed to send a letter for her sister’s birthday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He had enclosed some pressed flowers,” Yamamoto remembered. “He said, ‘I'm sorry, I can't give you any birthday present, so this will have to do.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wrote that he’d been put to work in a U.S. Army camp in Panama.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months later, authorities told the family that if they wanted to see him again, they would have to agree to be shipped to the United States and reunite with him there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in July 1943, Yamamoto, her mother and two siblings joined other wives and children at the port of Callao to board a U.S. ship. She remembers walking up the gangplank, bringing all that they could carry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was so afraid,” Yamamoto said. “We saw the soldiers lined up with guns, and we thought, ‘As soon as we go to high seas, they're going to kill us all!’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it turned out, the U.S. planned to use detainees like the Yamamoto's family for prisoner exchanges with Japan and other enemy nations. During the war, the U.S. exchanged 900 Japanese Latin Americans for U.S. citizens held by the Japanese, and then after the war, deported another 800 of them to Japan, a place many of them had never seen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. consuls in Latin America were under orders not to issue visas to families like Yamamoto's, and on the ship, U.S. soldiers confiscated the passports of any traveler who had one, according to historian C. Harvey Gardiner, who wrote a book about the prisoner exchange program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Yamamoto's family arrived in New Orleans, after a three week journey, she said immigration agents on the dock asked to see their travel documents. When she couldn't present a visa or passport, her mother was told the family had entered the U.S. “illegally,” and they were being sent to detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto remembered seeing customs agents searching bags and even dumping people’s belongings into the water. But she was allowed to keep her prized possession: a doll her father had given her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike the 120,000 American citizens and residents of Japanese ancestry in the U.S. who were detained in internment camps run by the War Relocation Authority, the Latin Americans were detained in facilities run by the Immigration and Naturalization Service. They were largely hidden from the public and the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated 3,000 Latin Americans of Japanese, German and Italian ancestry passed through the Crystal City \u003ca href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Crystal_City_(detention_facility)/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">internment camp\u003c/a> for families. A 1945 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=crystal+city+texas+internment+camp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">propaganda film\u003c/a> produced by the U.S. Department of Justice shows hundreds of cabins laid out across dirt roads and enclosed in high fences with watch towers for armed guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto was seven when she arrived and would spend the next four years there.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Immigrant Families Detained Today\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In January of this year, I traveled to the same part of Texas to report on a new wave of families in detention: thousands of mothers and children seeking refuge from violence in Central America who were taken into custody by Immigration and Customs Enforcement and placed in a privately-run prison, just 45 miles from Crystal City, in a town called Dilley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the facility opened in 2015, the population has fluctuated from a few hundred people up to 2400.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792506\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792506\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Flood lights illuminate the Immigration and Customs Enforcement family detention facility in Dilley, Texas.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/Flood-Lights-at-ICE-family-detention-facility-Dilley-Tx-RS37048_IMG_8923-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flood lights illuminate the Immigration and Customs Enforcement family detention facility in Dilley, Texas. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>ICE denied my requests to visit the South Texas Family Residential Center, so I asked an immigrant advocate who had worked inside it to drive me to the highway entrance. From there at a distance you can see a large tented area, where immigrant rights advocate Katy Murdza believes people are processed in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can just see the tops of the light posts,” Murdza observed. “There's flood lighting at night, so people say it's even hard to sleep because it's never truly night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those flood lights are so bright you can see them from a mile away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Crystal City camp was also surrounded by barbed wire fences and flood lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When our buses arrive, all that’s visible on the now barren field is a water tower and the cement base of a reservoir that the detainees converted into a swimming pool to escape the scorching Texas summers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two girls drowned in that pool — one of them was Yamamoto's good friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto and the other pilgrims gather inside the base of the swimming pool for a ceremony to honor the girls and 15 other people who died at the camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buddhist minister Ron Kobata of San Francisco asks participants to offer incense and white carnations at an altar for their predecessors, “who endured this experience, but not with just pity and resentment, but with determination, so that their offspring will not have to endure that same tragedy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto and other pilgrims participate in the ritual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792545\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792545\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese Latin American Eloy Moaki returns to the site where his family was interned during WWII in Crystal City, Texas.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40586_IMG_1689-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese Latin American Eloy Moaki returns to the site where his family was interned during WWII in Crystal City, Texas. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Later, they say that a very similar tragedy is unfolding again — for migrant families coming to the U.S. to seek asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after their visit to Crystal City, they participate in a rally in San Antonio with local immigrant advocates. Yamamoto is invited to speak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lately when I hear the immigrants getting separated by children and parents, I feel so bad for them!” she tells the crowd of a couple hundred people. She says it brings back the painful memories of her own childhood separation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When my father was kidnapped in January of 1943 and we said goodbye to him, not knowing where he was being taken, and when we ever will see him again,” she says. “It was a very traumatic day for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11792555\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11792555\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese Latin Americans rallied in San Antonio, Texas, to protest the Trump administration's family detention policies.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS40582_IMG_1781-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese Latin Americans rallied in San Antonio, Texas, to protest the Trump administration's family detention policies. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Murdza, the advocate who took me to the family detention center in Dilley earlier this year, also speaks at the rally. She works for an organization that provides legal help to families to get them released from detention to await their hearings in immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Detention harms the physical health, mental health and legal rights of the families,” she tells the former internees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government calls this facility the South Texas Family Residential Center,” Murdza says. “But those of us who know its effects on the mothers and children detained there know that it's a jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Starting Over in the United States\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>After about eight months of separation, Yamamoto was finally reunited with her father in Crystal City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the parents learned that the U.S. wanted to deport them to Japan — a place that Yamamoto and her siblings had never been. But the day they were set to sail, Yamamoto’s father became too ill to travel. His health had deteriorated in detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A full two years after the war ended, the family was still being held at Crystal City. Finally, an attorney with the ACLU of Northern California arranged for their release to an aunt in Berkeley who agreed to sponsor them. Yamamoto remembers taking the train to the now defunct Santa Fe station at Acton Street and University Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A Japanese minister came to pick us up,” she recalled. “He drove up University and all the neon lights were shining. Wow! We were just amazed at all those beautiful lights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto’s parents lost all their property in Peru, and Peruvian officials would not allow the family to return. She says her parents worked menial jobs in California for the rest of their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than a decade after their release, the government continued to consider them \"illegal aliens” subject to deportation. Then in 1954, a change in U.S. immigration law allowed the family to become legal permanent residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, in 1998, Japanese Latin Americans won a historic settlement of $5,000 for each surviving detainee or their family, and a letter of apology signed by President Bill Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many survivors found the offer meager, they thought it was important that the U.S. government officially acknowledged that it had violated their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We recognize the wrongs of the past and offer our profound regret to those who endured such grave injustice,” the letter stated. “We understand that our nation’s actions were rooted in racial prejudice and wartime hysteria.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamamoto says she’s praying that President Trump will soon realize that his policies on immigrant families are wrong and that children are paying the price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Immigration advocates say U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement is\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreicecontracts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> rushing to lock in long-term contracts\u003c/a> with for-profit prison companies before a state law banning for-profit immigration facilities goes into effect Jan. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the look of things, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.desertsun.com/story/news/2019/12/20/ice-signs-long-term-contracts-private-detention-centers-two-weeks-ahead-state-law/2713910001/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">took care of its last-minute contract shopping\u003c/a> with plenty of time to spare. Multiple contracts worth billions of dollars were awarded Friday with terms ranging from five to fifteen years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apparently those immigration advocates were right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Immigration advocates say U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement is\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreicecontracts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> rushing to lock in long-term contracts\u003c/a> with for-profit prison companies before a state law banning for-profit immigration facilities goes into effect Jan. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the look of things, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.desertsun.com/story/news/2019/12/20/ice-signs-long-term-contracts-private-detention-centers-two-weeks-ahead-state-law/2713910001/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">took care of its last-minute contract shopping\u003c/a> with plenty of time to spare. Multiple contracts worth billions of dollars were awarded Friday with terms ranging from five to fifteen years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apparently those immigration advocates were right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Sonoma Sheriff Fires Deputy, Releases Graphic Video of Encounter That Led to Driver's Death",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5:45 p.m. Friday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: The video embedded in this story depicts violence and contains profanity. Viewer discretion is advised.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a pair of extraordinary moves Friday, Sonoma County Sheriff Mark Essick released body-camera video of a fatal encounter between deputies and a man suspected of driving a stolen car, and at the same time announced that he's moving to fire a deputy shown in the video brutalizing the victim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Sonoma County Sheriff Mark Essick\"]'Instead of de-escalating the situation, Deputy Blount made a choice to escalate the situation, which resulted in what we have here.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheriff's office had \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11789667/in-custody-death-sonoma-county-deputy-lied-in-court-about-past-carotid-hold\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previously reported\u003c/a> that Deputy Charles Blount had used a carotid hold to subdue David Glen Ward, 52, of Petaluma, early on the morning of Nov. 27 after a high-speed car chase in a rural area. But the video shows that after a struggle in which Blount and another deputy said Ward bit them, Blount grabbed Ward by the hair and violently smashed his head against the doorframe of his vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward lost consciousness minutes later and stopped breathing, prompting Blount's fellow deputies to attempt CPR before paramedics arrived on the scene. Ward was declared dead shortly afterward at a local hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you watch the body-worn camera video closely, you may be concerned by what you saw. So was I,\" Essick said in a statement at the end of the video. \"The way Deputy Blount handles the entire situation is extremely troubling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essick announced that he's served Blount, who has been on administrative leave since the incident, with a notice of termination. But the sheriff's office is not releasing documents on Blount's firing at this time, Essick said, citing several ongoing investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/az807R-35Vg\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 12-minute video, recorded on a body camera worn by Deputy Jason Little, depicts a chase reaching speeds of more than 70 mph that began just before 6 a.m. on the day before Thanksgiving in rural western Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Little was pursuing the vehicle, driven by Ward, because it had been reported stolen in a carjacking several days earlier. Essick said in his Friday account of the incident that Santa Rosa police had alerted his office that the car had been located \"and was on the move.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essick said that although Ward had initially pulled over when deputies tried to stop him, he drove away, prompting the pursuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What our deputies did not know at the time was that Mr. Ward was not only the owner of the car, but the victim of the earlier carjacking,\" Essick said. \"The suspect had pistol-whipped him and stole his car. Mr. Ward had recovered the car, but failed to report it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It remains a mystery\" why Ward fled instead of stopping and cooperating with deputies, Essick said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the chase, on a dead-end street in the community of Bloomfield, the video shows deputies confronting Ward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the video, Ward is initially slow in responding to orders to keep his hands in view and has difficulty unlocking the car. He then rolls down the driver's side window and says, \"I can't believe this. I'm the injured party here. ... Why are you f___ing harassing me all the time?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that point, Blount moves to forcibly remove Ward from his vehicle through the open window. \"Give me your hands. Give me your f___ing hands. ... Get the f___ out of the car!\" Blount says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as Blount tries to drag Ward out of the car, Ward's legs are caught under his steering wheel. He cries out in pain, and both Blount and Little curse, saying Ward has bitten them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the struggle continues, Blount grabs Ward by the hair and forces his head against the forward frame of the car door as Ward moans. Seconds later, he pulls Ward's head back and forcefully slams it against the doorframe. At nearly the same moment, Little shocks Ward with a Taser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly afterwards, the deputies, assisted by a pair of Sebastopol police officers, manage to remove Ward from the car through the front passenger door. As other deputies arrive, one observes that Ward, who had been placed on the ground and handcuffed, is unconscious, prompting a call to paramedics to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11789667\" hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/RS20565_alt_948-1020x672.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those arriving on the scene was Deputy Nick Jax, who had spoken to Ward about his stolen car just hours before the chase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the owner of the car,\" Jax says. \"That's David Ward. He's the victim of the 215 (carjacking).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Then why did he run?\" Little asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know why he ran,\" Jax responds. \"He had no reason to run. I was out with him like two hours ago at his house.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hearing Jax's account, Blount says, in a nonchalant tone, \"Oh well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immediately after that exchange, officers say Ward is no longer breathing, and a deputy starts CPR. Paramedics transported Ward to a hospital, where he was pronounced dead. The cause of his death is still under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essick told KQED he found Blount's \"oh well\" retort — made while the unconscious Ward lay nearby — \"very troubling. ... That does not reflect the values of me as the sheriff of this county, and it does not reflect the values of the 650 other employees that work here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Blount's actions on the video \"really warranted a look right away\" and that the deputy's behavior raised a host of questions about his response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think some people will look at that to say, wait a second, the guy’s engaging you in conversation, he’s attempting to explain the situation,\" Essick said. \"Why didn’t Deputy Blount take that as an indicator to ask more questions? To say, 'Hey, wait a minute, why are you saying you’re the injured party? Whose car is this? Who are you, why are you driving this car?' But none of those questions were asked. Instead of de-escalating the situation, Deputy Blount made a choice to escalate the situation, which resulted in what we have here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essick said his agency's investigation found Blount had violated several department policies, including rules governing use of force, high-risk stops and use of firearms, and was guilty of conduct that brought discredit to the sheriff's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County-based civil rights attorney Izaak Schwaiger is representing Ward's mother, who he says intends to file a lawsuit against Sonoma County and Blount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"David's mother is hurting, and she wants justice for her son,\" Schwaiger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called the video \"frightening\" and said that he was \"somewhat encouraged\" by Essick's move to fire Blount. But Schwaiger added that Sonoma County law enforcement officials, including District Attorney Jill Ravitch, should have taken action against Blount years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwaiger represented a woman whom Blount arrested in Jan. 2015 for jaywalking and resisting arrest. \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/FB3XTRP1kOs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A video\u003c/a> of that encounter shows Blount grabbing the woman around the neck and throwing her to the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorney said Ravitch should have taken action against Blount after Blount appeared to give false testimony by denying he had seized the woman by the neck. The judge in the case directed prosecutors to place Blount’s testimony in the district attorney’s files documenting officers with credibility issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jill Ravitch gave him a pass, despite video evidence and a court order regarding his perjurous testimony,” Schwaiger said. \"It was basically her [Ravitch's] exoneration of this very same deputy five years ago that kept him on the force and led to this man’s death today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DA's office declined to comment on whether the video appears to show a crime committed by a sheriff's deputy. It is awaiting a complete criminal investigation by the Santa Rosa Police Department, which is ongoing, the office said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office has declined to say whether Blount ever ended up on the DA's Brady List — a record of officers who have committed misconduct. A spokeswoman said such a record of misconduct, however, \"would not prevent an officer from being on duty.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sukey Lewis of KQED News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5:45 p.m. Friday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: The video embedded in this story depicts violence and contains profanity. Viewer discretion is advised.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a pair of extraordinary moves Friday, Sonoma County Sheriff Mark Essick released body-camera video of a fatal encounter between deputies and a man suspected of driving a stolen car, and at the same time announced that he's moving to fire a deputy shown in the video brutalizing the victim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheriff's office had \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11789667/in-custody-death-sonoma-county-deputy-lied-in-court-about-past-carotid-hold\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previously reported\u003c/a> that Deputy Charles Blount had used a carotid hold to subdue David Glen Ward, 52, of Petaluma, early on the morning of Nov. 27 after a high-speed car chase in a rural area. But the video shows that after a struggle in which Blount and another deputy said Ward bit them, Blount grabbed Ward by the hair and violently smashed his head against the doorframe of his vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward lost consciousness minutes later and stopped breathing, prompting Blount's fellow deputies to attempt CPR before paramedics arrived on the scene. Ward was declared dead shortly afterward at a local hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you watch the body-worn camera video closely, you may be concerned by what you saw. So was I,\" Essick said in a statement at the end of the video. \"The way Deputy Blount handles the entire situation is extremely troubling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essick announced that he's served Blount, who has been on administrative leave since the incident, with a notice of termination. But the sheriff's office is not releasing documents on Blount's firing at this time, Essick said, citing several ongoing investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/az807R-35Vg\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 12-minute video, recorded on a body camera worn by Deputy Jason Little, depicts a chase reaching speeds of more than 70 mph that began just before 6 a.m. on the day before Thanksgiving in rural western Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Little was pursuing the vehicle, driven by Ward, because it had been reported stolen in a carjacking several days earlier. Essick said in his Friday account of the incident that Santa Rosa police had alerted his office that the car had been located \"and was on the move.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essick said that although Ward had initially pulled over when deputies tried to stop him, he drove away, prompting the pursuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What our deputies did not know at the time was that Mr. Ward was not only the owner of the car, but the victim of the earlier carjacking,\" Essick said. \"The suspect had pistol-whipped him and stole his car. Mr. Ward had recovered the car, but failed to report it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It remains a mystery\" why Ward fled instead of stopping and cooperating with deputies, Essick said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the chase, on a dead-end street in the community of Bloomfield, the video shows deputies confronting Ward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the video, Ward is initially slow in responding to orders to keep his hands in view and has difficulty unlocking the car. He then rolls down the driver's side window and says, \"I can't believe this. I'm the injured party here. ... Why are you f___ing harassing me all the time?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that point, Blount moves to forcibly remove Ward from his vehicle through the open window. \"Give me your hands. Give me your f___ing hands. ... Get the f___ out of the car!\" Blount says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as Blount tries to drag Ward out of the car, Ward's legs are caught under his steering wheel. He cries out in pain, and both Blount and Little curse, saying Ward has bitten them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the struggle continues, Blount grabs Ward by the hair and forces his head against the forward frame of the car door as Ward moans. Seconds later, he pulls Ward's head back and forcefully slams it against the doorframe. At nearly the same moment, Little shocks Ward with a Taser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly afterwards, the deputies, assisted by a pair of Sebastopol police officers, manage to remove Ward from the car through the front passenger door. As other deputies arrive, one observes that Ward, who had been placed on the ground and handcuffed, is unconscious, prompting a call to paramedics to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those arriving on the scene was Deputy Nick Jax, who had spoken to Ward about his stolen car just hours before the chase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the owner of the car,\" Jax says. \"That's David Ward. He's the victim of the 215 (carjacking).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Then why did he run?\" Little asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know why he ran,\" Jax responds. \"He had no reason to run. I was out with him like two hours ago at his house.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hearing Jax's account, Blount says, in a nonchalant tone, \"Oh well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immediately after that exchange, officers say Ward is no longer breathing, and a deputy starts CPR. Paramedics transported Ward to a hospital, where he was pronounced dead. The cause of his death is still under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essick told KQED he found Blount's \"oh well\" retort — made while the unconscious Ward lay nearby — \"very troubling. ... That does not reflect the values of me as the sheriff of this county, and it does not reflect the values of the 650 other employees that work here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Blount's actions on the video \"really warranted a look right away\" and that the deputy's behavior raised a host of questions about his response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think some people will look at that to say, wait a second, the guy’s engaging you in conversation, he’s attempting to explain the situation,\" Essick said. \"Why didn’t Deputy Blount take that as an indicator to ask more questions? To say, 'Hey, wait a minute, why are you saying you’re the injured party? Whose car is this? Who are you, why are you driving this car?' But none of those questions were asked. Instead of de-escalating the situation, Deputy Blount made a choice to escalate the situation, which resulted in what we have here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essick said his agency's investigation found Blount had violated several department policies, including rules governing use of force, high-risk stops and use of firearms, and was guilty of conduct that brought discredit to the sheriff's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County-based civil rights attorney Izaak Schwaiger is representing Ward's mother, who he says intends to file a lawsuit against Sonoma County and Blount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"David's mother is hurting, and she wants justice for her son,\" Schwaiger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called the video \"frightening\" and said that he was \"somewhat encouraged\" by Essick's move to fire Blount. But Schwaiger added that Sonoma County law enforcement officials, including District Attorney Jill Ravitch, should have taken action against Blount years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwaiger represented a woman whom Blount arrested in Jan. 2015 for jaywalking and resisting arrest. \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/FB3XTRP1kOs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A video\u003c/a> of that encounter shows Blount grabbing the woman around the neck and throwing her to the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorney said Ravitch should have taken action against Blount after Blount appeared to give false testimony by denying he had seized the woman by the neck. The judge in the case directed prosecutors to place Blount’s testimony in the district attorney’s files documenting officers with credibility issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jill Ravitch gave him a pass, despite video evidence and a court order regarding his perjurous testimony,” Schwaiger said. \"It was basically her [Ravitch's] exoneration of this very same deputy five years ago that kept him on the force and led to this man’s death today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DA's office declined to comment on whether the video appears to show a crime committed by a sheriff's deputy. It is awaiting a complete criminal investigation by the Santa Rosa Police Department, which is ongoing, the office said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office has declined to say whether Blount ever ended up on the DA's Brady List — a record of officers who have committed misconduct. A spokeswoman said such a record of misconduct, however, \"would not prevent an officer from being on duty.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sukey Lewis of KQED News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Contra Costa County District Attorney Diana Becton announced Thursday that prosecutors will move to dismiss one felony and two misdemeanor cases potentially tainted by the testimony of a former Antioch detective who was fired in 2017 for leaking information to known criminals, among other misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Antioch Detective Santiago Castillo’s misconduct \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11742112/prominent-antioch-detective-fired-for-giving-info-to-a-drug-dealer-stealing-evidence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">came to light\u003c/a> through records obtained by a coalition of news organizations, including KQED, called the California Reporting Project, that is collecting officer misconduct and serious use-of-force information throughout the state under a new police transparency law, Senate Bill 1421.[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='santiago-castillo']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records show Castillo was suspected of sharing confidential information with suspected criminals as far back as 2010. When internal affairs investigators confronted Castillo, they found his explanation, that he sometimes told informants police were watching them “to scare them,” was not credible. Investigators also found Castillo had submitted overtime that he didn’t work and had mishandled evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the district attorney’s office learned of Castillo’s misconduct, its conviction integrity unit undertook a review of “numerous” cases in which the veteran officer had testified, checking if his now-questionable credibility undermined those prosecutions. The review included an unknown number of prosecutions for murder and other serious charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of that review, I determined that there were three cases for which we could not be certain that the interests of justice were served by the outcome, and out of an abundance of caution, we’re going to move to dismiss those cases,” Deputy District Attorney Brian Feinberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither Feinberg nor a spokesperson for the DA’s office could immediately say how many cases were reviewed, although Feinberg said the review likely involved fewer than 500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinberg said cases were reviewed to determine whether Castillo’s testimony was independently corroborated by other evidence or testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases to be dismissed include two 2016 misdemeanor convictions for reckless driving, according to the DA’s office. A felony conviction for resisting arrest, which will also be dismissed, appears to have been from 2005. A spokesman for the DA’s office wrote that the case was “too old” to provide charging documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not to say that these three people weren’t actually guilty of the crimes,” Feinberg said. “But it’s just that based on what we know now about Detective Castillo, without any sort of independent corroboration, the interests of justice are best served by moving to dismiss those counts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defense attorneys in more serious cases Castillo was involved in may very well have a different interpretation of the weight of evidence he provided, Feinberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We welcome any additional requests for review,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Contra Costa Public Defender’s Office did not immediately respond to request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton created the DA’s conviction integrity unit in May, about a month after Castillo’s misconduct came to light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A prior conviction with any impropriety causes a great disservice to our system,” Becton said in a written statement on the pending dismissals. “We will continue to review prior cases and conduct investigations as appropriate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DA is not independently seeking misconduct records about other police officers and sheriff’s deputies who may have provided similarly tainted testimony, a spokesman confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office is, however, encouraging members of the public to contact its conviction integrity unit with any information about Castillo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-11786993\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-160x155.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-160x155.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-800x777.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-1020x990.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1.png 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>This story was produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Reporting Project\u003c/a>, a coalition of 40 news organizations across the state. The project was formed to request and report on previously secret records of police misconduct and use of force in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The former detective's sharing of confidential law enforcement information with known criminals came to light in April via California's police transparency law.",
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"title": "Contra Costa County DA to Dismiss Three Cases Involving Fired Antioch Detective | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Contra Costa County District Attorney Diana Becton announced Thursday that prosecutors will move to dismiss one felony and two misdemeanor cases potentially tainted by the testimony of a former Antioch detective who was fired in 2017 for leaking information to known criminals, among other misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Antioch Detective Santiago Castillo’s misconduct \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11742112/prominent-antioch-detective-fired-for-giving-info-to-a-drug-dealer-stealing-evidence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">came to light\u003c/a> through records obtained by a coalition of news organizations, including KQED, called the California Reporting Project, that is collecting officer misconduct and serious use-of-force information throughout the state under a new police transparency law, Senate Bill 1421.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records show Castillo was suspected of sharing confidential information with suspected criminals as far back as 2010. When internal affairs investigators confronted Castillo, they found his explanation, that he sometimes told informants police were watching them “to scare them,” was not credible. Investigators also found Castillo had submitted overtime that he didn’t work and had mishandled evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the district attorney’s office learned of Castillo’s misconduct, its conviction integrity unit undertook a review of “numerous” cases in which the veteran officer had testified, checking if his now-questionable credibility undermined those prosecutions. The review included an unknown number of prosecutions for murder and other serious charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of that review, I determined that there were three cases for which we could not be certain that the interests of justice were served by the outcome, and out of an abundance of caution, we’re going to move to dismiss those cases,” Deputy District Attorney Brian Feinberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither Feinberg nor a spokesperson for the DA’s office could immediately say how many cases were reviewed, although Feinberg said the review likely involved fewer than 500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinberg said cases were reviewed to determine whether Castillo’s testimony was independently corroborated by other evidence or testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases to be dismissed include two 2016 misdemeanor convictions for reckless driving, according to the DA’s office. A felony conviction for resisting arrest, which will also be dismissed, appears to have been from 2005. A spokesman for the DA’s office wrote that the case was “too old” to provide charging documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not to say that these three people weren’t actually guilty of the crimes,” Feinberg said. “But it’s just that based on what we know now about Detective Castillo, without any sort of independent corroboration, the interests of justice are best served by moving to dismiss those counts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defense attorneys in more serious cases Castillo was involved in may very well have a different interpretation of the weight of evidence he provided, Feinberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We welcome any additional requests for review,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Contra Costa Public Defender’s Office did not immediately respond to request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton created the DA’s conviction integrity unit in May, about a month after Castillo’s misconduct came to light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A prior conviction with any impropriety causes a great disservice to our system,” Becton said in a written statement on the pending dismissals. “We will continue to review prior cases and conduct investigations as appropriate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DA is not independently seeking misconduct records about other police officers and sheriff’s deputies who may have provided similarly tainted testimony, a spokesman confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office is, however, encouraging members of the public to contact its conviction integrity unit with any information about Castillo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-11786993\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-160x155.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-160x155.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-800x777.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-1020x990.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1.png 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>This story was produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Reporting Project\u003c/a>, a coalition of 40 news organizations across the state. The project was formed to request and report on previously secret records of police misconduct and use of force in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "ice-poised-to-sign-new-for-profit-detention-contracts-before-californias-ban-begins",
"title": "ICE Signs New For-Profit Detention Contracts Days Before California's Ban Begins",
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"headTitle": "ICE Signs New For-Profit Detention Contracts Days Before California’s Ban Begins | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 6:30 p.m. Monday, Dec. 23\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has signed new long-term contracts with three private prison companies to operate — and expand — immigration detention in California. The deals, which were published on a federal procurement website late Friday evening, come just days before a new state law takes effect, outlawing for-profit prisons and immigration detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.fpds.gov/ezsearch/fpdsportal?s=FPDS.GOV&templateName=1.5.1&indexName=awardfull&q=70CDCR20R00000002\">contracts\u003c/a> total $6.5 billion and extend for as long as 15 years, much longer than typical immigration detention agreements. The three companies currently run four California detention centers for ICE, with a combined total of roughly 5,200 beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full text of the new contracts was not publicly accessible, but here’s what we know. ICE entered into deals for “security guards and patrol services” as follows:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>$679 million with Management & Training Corp., for a facility in Calexico, where the company currently operates the Imperial Regional Detention Center;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$2.1 billion with Core Civic, Inc., for a facility in San Diego, where the company currently operates the Otay Mesa Detention Center;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$2.1 billion with GEO Group, Inc., for a facility in Adelanto (San Bernardino County), where the company currently operates the Adelanto ICE Processing Center;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$1.6 billion with GEO Group, Inc., for a facility in Bakersfield, where the company currently operates the Mesa Verde ICE Processing Center.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In addition, GEO Group’s contracts incorporate the use of three other California prisons it owns, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191223005099/en/\">press release\u003c/a> the company issued Monday announcing its contracts. Those facilities — two in the Central Valley town of McFarland and another in Adelanto — will add an additional 2,150 beds “as facility annexes,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re pleased to have been able to build on our long-standing partnership with ICE to help the agency meet its need for processing center beds in California, which comply with the Federal government’s performance-based national detention standards,” said George C. Zoley, GEO’s chairman and CEO, according to the press statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said it expects the contracts to generate more than $200 million a year in revenue and support more than 1,200 jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the contracts come just days before a new state law takes effect, aimed at phasing out for-profit prisons and detention centers, federal authorities could enter into multi-million dollar contracts with private companies to continue jailing thousands of immigrants in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new California law, AB 32, is set to take effect Jan. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California immigrant advocates said ICE is violating the spirit of that law and called on state officials to take action to block the deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These multi-billion dollar contracts represent the corrupt and illicit partnership between ICE, a rogue agency that feels it is above the law, and private corporations with a business model centered on locking up immigrants and people of color,” said Jackie Gonzalez, policy director for Immigrant Defense Advocates. “They have no place in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra’s office declined to comment on whether the attorney general was considering taking action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate critique, California’s two U.S. senators and 19 Democratic members of Congress raised their own concerns about ICE’s process to enter into detention contracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Nov. 14 \u003ca href=\"https://www.harris.senate.gov/news/press-releases/harris-lofgren-nadler-lead-letter-questioning-ices-move-to-circumvent-ca-law-banning-private-detention-facilities-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">letter\u003c/a> to ICE, they wrote that the agency’s Oct. 16 “streamlined” solicitation and 15-year contract term could violate federal procurement laws, which are designed to protect taxpayer dollars by promoting competition among potential vendors, except under narrowly defined circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE has a history of consistently relying on the exceptions to full and open competition, raising concerns as to whether such contracts have been awarded in a proper manner,” wrote the lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about its latest solicitation for detention services in California, ICE spokeswoman Paige Hughes said the agency had followed the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE “remains compliant with federal contract and acquisition regulations as we advertise opportunity notices and subsequently implement the decision process,” said Hughes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"immigration-detention\"]The lawmakers also requested that, within 30 days, ICE provide them with documents related to the solicitation and any communications on AB 32, including messages between federal officials and the companies running ICE detention centers in California: GEO Group Inc; CoreCivic and Management & Training Corporation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of this week, U.S. Sen. Kamala Harris (D-CA) and Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-San Jose) had not yet received such information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Senator Harris will continue to monitor developments and determine potential next steps involving oversight work in the state,” said Meaghan Lynch, a spokeswoman for Harris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 32 bars for-profit companies from operating immigration detention facilities after their current contracts with ICE expire. The law also prohibits the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation from entering or renewing contracts with private corporations to run prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three for-profit immigration detention centers impacted by AB 32 — Adelanto, in the San Bernardino County town of Adelanto; Imperial Regional, in Calexico; and Mesa Verde, in Bakersfield — have contracts with ICE that end in 2020. The contract of a fourth facility, Otay Mesa, near San Diego, expires in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GEO Group and MTC did not immediately return requests for comment. A spokeswoman for CoreCivic said questions about contracts should be directed to ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local communities in California, such as Adelanto, have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11440627/could-congress-and-california-thwart-trumps-mass-immigration-detention-plans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">long depended\u003c/a> on the tax revenue and hundreds of jobs generated by detention facilities. State lawmakers whose districts include the Adelanto ICE Processing Center and the Mesa Verde ICE Processing Facility did not return requests for comment about the new state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11752856\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11752856\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-800x539.jpg\" alt=\"A guard escorts an immigrant detainee from his 'segregation cell' back into the general population at the Adelanto Detention Facility on Nov. 15, 2013 in Adelanto, California.\" width=\"800\" height=\"539\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-800x539.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-1200x809.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A guard escorts an immigrant detainee from his ‘segregation cell’ back into the general population at the Adelanto Detention Facility on Nov. 15, 2013 in Adelanto, California. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As in previous statements by ICE officials, Hughes warned that AB 32 would likely result in the agency detaining California-based immigrants in other states, further away from their families and loved ones, and questioned the intent of the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea that a state law can bind the hands of a federal law enforcement agency managing a national network of detention facilities is wrong,” said Hughes. “Policy makers who strive to make it more difficult to remove dangerous criminal aliens and aim to stop the cooperation of local officials and business partners, harm the very communities whose welfare they have sworn to protect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jackie Gonzalez, co-founder of Immigrant Defense Advocates, said the law’s restriction on immigration detention could lead ICE to exercise its discretion and release more immigrants, such as those without criminal records, to await their court hearings at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Non-criminals accounted for the majority of ICE detentions between 2015 and 2018, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-20-36?utm_source=onepager&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=email_hsj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new report\u003c/a> by the U.S. Government Accountability Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Rev. Deborah Lee, director of the Interfaith Movement for Human Integrity\"]‘The law to prohibit private prisons and detention centers is a critical step in our state to end the immoral profit-making off of human suffering.’[/pullquote]Gonzalez, who was involved in crafting AB 32, said the new law does not regulate ICE, and the federal government could still take over private detention facilities in the state and run them itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It bans all for-profit detention in the state of California in part because of the inhumane and dangerous conditions which permeate those facilities,” said Gonzalez. “The state has the right to regulate an industry particularly when it does so to protect the health, safety, and welfare of its residents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between Oct. 2015 and June 2018, ICE inspectors found thousands of violations of the agency’s own detention standards at facilities throughout the country, including those run by private companies, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2019-02/OIG-19-18-Jan19.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a report\u003c/a> earlier this year by the Office of the Inspector General at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of holding facilities accountable through financial penalties, ICE issued waivers to facilities with deficient conditions, seeking to exempt them from having to comply with certain detention standards,” reads the OIG report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Friday, faith leaders, legal service providers and former immigration detainees with the Dignity Not Detention coalition held candles and signs before ICE’s offices in San Francisco, calling for Gov. Newsom and Attorney General Becerra to defend AB 32.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The law to prohibit private prisons and detention centers is a critical step in our state to end the immoral profit-making off of human suffering,” said Rev. Deborah Lee, who directs the Interfaith Movement for Human Integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED Immigration Editor Tyche Hendricks contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A statewide coalition of immigrant advocates is calling on Attorney General Xavier Becerra to sue ICE over what they see as an effort to circumvent a new state law aiming to phase-out privately run detention centers.",
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"title": "ICE Signs New For-Profit Detention Contracts Days Before California's Ban Begins | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 6:30 p.m. Monday, Dec. 23\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has signed new long-term contracts with three private prison companies to operate — and expand — immigration detention in California. The deals, which were published on a federal procurement website late Friday evening, come just days before a new state law takes effect, outlawing for-profit prisons and immigration detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.fpds.gov/ezsearch/fpdsportal?s=FPDS.GOV&templateName=1.5.1&indexName=awardfull&q=70CDCR20R00000002\">contracts\u003c/a> total $6.5 billion and extend for as long as 15 years, much longer than typical immigration detention agreements. The three companies currently run four California detention centers for ICE, with a combined total of roughly 5,200 beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full text of the new contracts was not publicly accessible, but here’s what we know. ICE entered into deals for “security guards and patrol services” as follows:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>$679 million with Management & Training Corp., for a facility in Calexico, where the company currently operates the Imperial Regional Detention Center;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$2.1 billion with Core Civic, Inc., for a facility in San Diego, where the company currently operates the Otay Mesa Detention Center;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$2.1 billion with GEO Group, Inc., for a facility in Adelanto (San Bernardino County), where the company currently operates the Adelanto ICE Processing Center;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$1.6 billion with GEO Group, Inc., for a facility in Bakersfield, where the company currently operates the Mesa Verde ICE Processing Center.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In addition, GEO Group’s contracts incorporate the use of three other California prisons it owns, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191223005099/en/\">press release\u003c/a> the company issued Monday announcing its contracts. Those facilities — two in the Central Valley town of McFarland and another in Adelanto — will add an additional 2,150 beds “as facility annexes,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re pleased to have been able to build on our long-standing partnership with ICE to help the agency meet its need for processing center beds in California, which comply with the Federal government’s performance-based national detention standards,” said George C. Zoley, GEO’s chairman and CEO, according to the press statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said it expects the contracts to generate more than $200 million a year in revenue and support more than 1,200 jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the contracts come just days before a new state law takes effect, aimed at phasing out for-profit prisons and detention centers, federal authorities could enter into multi-million dollar contracts with private companies to continue jailing thousands of immigrants in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new California law, AB 32, is set to take effect Jan. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California immigrant advocates said ICE is violating the spirit of that law and called on state officials to take action to block the deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These multi-billion dollar contracts represent the corrupt and illicit partnership between ICE, a rogue agency that feels it is above the law, and private corporations with a business model centered on locking up immigrants and people of color,” said Jackie Gonzalez, policy director for Immigrant Defense Advocates. “They have no place in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra’s office declined to comment on whether the attorney general was considering taking action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate critique, California’s two U.S. senators and 19 Democratic members of Congress raised their own concerns about ICE’s process to enter into detention contracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Nov. 14 \u003ca href=\"https://www.harris.senate.gov/news/press-releases/harris-lofgren-nadler-lead-letter-questioning-ices-move-to-circumvent-ca-law-banning-private-detention-facilities-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">letter\u003c/a> to ICE, they wrote that the agency’s Oct. 16 “streamlined” solicitation and 15-year contract term could violate federal procurement laws, which are designed to protect taxpayer dollars by promoting competition among potential vendors, except under narrowly defined circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE has a history of consistently relying on the exceptions to full and open competition, raising concerns as to whether such contracts have been awarded in a proper manner,” wrote the lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about its latest solicitation for detention services in California, ICE spokeswoman Paige Hughes said the agency had followed the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE “remains compliant with federal contract and acquisition regulations as we advertise opportunity notices and subsequently implement the decision process,” said Hughes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The lawmakers also requested that, within 30 days, ICE provide them with documents related to the solicitation and any communications on AB 32, including messages between federal officials and the companies running ICE detention centers in California: GEO Group Inc; CoreCivic and Management & Training Corporation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of this week, U.S. Sen. Kamala Harris (D-CA) and Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-San Jose) had not yet received such information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Senator Harris will continue to monitor developments and determine potential next steps involving oversight work in the state,” said Meaghan Lynch, a spokeswoman for Harris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 32 bars for-profit companies from operating immigration detention facilities after their current contracts with ICE expire. The law also prohibits the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation from entering or renewing contracts with private corporations to run prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three for-profit immigration detention centers impacted by AB 32 — Adelanto, in the San Bernardino County town of Adelanto; Imperial Regional, in Calexico; and Mesa Verde, in Bakersfield — have contracts with ICE that end in 2020. The contract of a fourth facility, Otay Mesa, near San Diego, expires in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GEO Group and MTC did not immediately return requests for comment. A spokeswoman for CoreCivic said questions about contracts should be directed to ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local communities in California, such as Adelanto, have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11440627/could-congress-and-california-thwart-trumps-mass-immigration-detention-plans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">long depended\u003c/a> on the tax revenue and hundreds of jobs generated by detention facilities. State lawmakers whose districts include the Adelanto ICE Processing Center and the Mesa Verde ICE Processing Facility did not return requests for comment about the new state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11752856\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11752856\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-800x539.jpg\" alt=\"A guard escorts an immigrant detainee from his 'segregation cell' back into the general population at the Adelanto Detention Facility on Nov. 15, 2013 in Adelanto, California.\" width=\"800\" height=\"539\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-800x539.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut-1200x809.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/06/RS22944_GettyImages-450371255-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A guard escorts an immigrant detainee from his ‘segregation cell’ back into the general population at the Adelanto Detention Facility on Nov. 15, 2013 in Adelanto, California. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As in previous statements by ICE officials, Hughes warned that AB 32 would likely result in the agency detaining California-based immigrants in other states, further away from their families and loved ones, and questioned the intent of the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea that a state law can bind the hands of a federal law enforcement agency managing a national network of detention facilities is wrong,” said Hughes. “Policy makers who strive to make it more difficult to remove dangerous criminal aliens and aim to stop the cooperation of local officials and business partners, harm the very communities whose welfare they have sworn to protect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jackie Gonzalez, co-founder of Immigrant Defense Advocates, said the law’s restriction on immigration detention could lead ICE to exercise its discretion and release more immigrants, such as those without criminal records, to await their court hearings at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Non-criminals accounted for the majority of ICE detentions between 2015 and 2018, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-20-36?utm_source=onepager&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=email_hsj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new report\u003c/a> by the U.S. Government Accountability Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘The law to prohibit private prisons and detention centers is a critical step in our state to end the immoral profit-making off of human suffering.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gonzalez, who was involved in crafting AB 32, said the new law does not regulate ICE, and the federal government could still take over private detention facilities in the state and run them itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It bans all for-profit detention in the state of California in part because of the inhumane and dangerous conditions which permeate those facilities,” said Gonzalez. “The state has the right to regulate an industry particularly when it does so to protect the health, safety, and welfare of its residents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between Oct. 2015 and June 2018, ICE inspectors found thousands of violations of the agency’s own detention standards at facilities throughout the country, including those run by private companies, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2019-02/OIG-19-18-Jan19.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a report\u003c/a> earlier this year by the Office of the Inspector General at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of holding facilities accountable through financial penalties, ICE issued waivers to facilities with deficient conditions, seeking to exempt them from having to comply with certain detention standards,” reads the OIG report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Friday, faith leaders, legal service providers and former immigration detainees with the Dignity Not Detention coalition held candles and signs before ICE’s offices in San Francisco, calling for Gov. Newsom and Attorney General Becerra to defend AB 32.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The law to prohibit private prisons and detention centers is a critical step in our state to end the immoral profit-making off of human suffering,” said Rev. Deborah Lee, who directs the Interfaith Movement for Human Integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED Immigration Editor Tyche Hendricks contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Fifty percent of likely California voters say they will support a proposal to end cash bail in the state and replace it with a risk-based system, according to a new poll conducted for KQED by Change Research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters will decide on the question next November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The online poll of 1,565 likely voters, conducted Dec. 6-10 by Change Research for KQED, is good news for backers of SB 10, which calls for people accused of crimes and awaiting trial \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687273/bill-to-end-cash-bail-in-california-moves-forward-but-loses-some-support\">to be released from jail based on risk assessments and a judge’s discretion\u003c/a> instead of money bail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the change say requiring defendants to come up with cash to secure their release discriminates against the poor and does nothing to ensure public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 10 was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687917/california-assembly-approves-bail-reform-over-opposition-from-civil-rights-groups\">signed into law last year\u003c/a> but put on hold after the bail industry — funded largely by the huge insurance companies that back bail bonds businesses — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707702/referendum-to-block-bail-law-appears-headed-for-ballot\">collected enough signatures\u003c/a> to put the question before voters in the form of a referendum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll shows 28% of voters in support of the referendum to overturn SB 10; 50% opposed; and 22% undecided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, younger people (ages 18-34), as well as Asian American voters, are most likely to support ending bail, with support hovering around 60%. Republicans are the only group in which a majority (54%) supported overturning the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a strong position for backers of reform to start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another question asked in the poll, however, shows that voters do have doubts about public safety in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked whether they feel more or less safe in their neighborhoods than they did three years ago, likely voters were nearly evenly split: 43% said they feel less safe while 44% said about the same. Ten percent said more safe, and 3% didn’t know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Bail Reform in California\" tag=\"bail-reform\"]Bail isn’t the only criminal justice question Californians will weigh in on next year: A group of law enforcement officials is also pushing \u003ca href=\"https://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/17-0044%20%28Reducing%20Crime%29.pdf\">another ballot measure\u003c/a> to roll back some of the criminal justice reforms instituted in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That measure would make it harder for some offenders to parole from prison; make it easier for people to be charged with felonies for theft-related crimes; and require DNA collection of some offenders convicted only of misdemeanors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Gov. Jerry Brown, who championed many of the policies that would be reversed by the ballot measure, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669971/governor-jerry-brown-criminal-justice-initiative-poorly-drafted\">promised to fight\u003c/a> the initiative if it’s brought before voters. Brown still has about $15 million in a campaign account that he could spend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the ballot measure currently have about $1.8 million in their campaign account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The questions were included in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.changeresearch.com/post/change-research-kqed-california-poll-december\">larger poll\u003c/a> conducted for KQED by Change Research. The survey has a margin of error of plus or minus 2.5%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fifty percent of likely California voters say they will support a proposal to end cash bail in the state and replace it with a risk-based system, according to a new poll conducted for KQED by Change Research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters will decide on the question next November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The online poll of 1,565 likely voters, conducted Dec. 6-10 by Change Research for KQED, is good news for backers of SB 10, which calls for people accused of crimes and awaiting trial \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687273/bill-to-end-cash-bail-in-california-moves-forward-but-loses-some-support\">to be released from jail based on risk assessments and a judge’s discretion\u003c/a> instead of money bail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the change say requiring defendants to come up with cash to secure their release discriminates against the poor and does nothing to ensure public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 10 was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687917/california-assembly-approves-bail-reform-over-opposition-from-civil-rights-groups\">signed into law last year\u003c/a> but put on hold after the bail industry — funded largely by the huge insurance companies that back bail bonds businesses — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707702/referendum-to-block-bail-law-appears-headed-for-ballot\">collected enough signatures\u003c/a> to put the question before voters in the form of a referendum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll shows 28% of voters in support of the referendum to overturn SB 10; 50% opposed; and 22% undecided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, younger people (ages 18-34), as well as Asian American voters, are most likely to support ending bail, with support hovering around 60%. Republicans are the only group in which a majority (54%) supported overturning the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a strong position for backers of reform to start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another question asked in the poll, however, shows that voters do have doubts about public safety in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked whether they feel more or less safe in their neighborhoods than they did three years ago, likely voters were nearly evenly split: 43% said they feel less safe while 44% said about the same. Ten percent said more safe, and 3% didn’t know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Bail isn’t the only criminal justice question Californians will weigh in on next year: A group of law enforcement officials is also pushing \u003ca href=\"https://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/17-0044%20%28Reducing%20Crime%29.pdf\">another ballot measure\u003c/a> to roll back some of the criminal justice reforms instituted in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That measure would make it harder for some offenders to parole from prison; make it easier for people to be charged with felonies for theft-related crimes; and require DNA collection of some offenders convicted only of misdemeanors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Gov. Jerry Brown, who championed many of the policies that would be reversed by the ballot measure, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669971/governor-jerry-brown-criminal-justice-initiative-poorly-drafted\">promised to fight\u003c/a> the initiative if it’s brought before voters. Brown still has about $15 million in a campaign account that he could spend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the ballot measure currently have about $1.8 million in their campaign account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The questions were included in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.changeresearch.com/post/change-research-kqed-california-poll-december\">larger poll\u003c/a> conducted for KQED by Change Research. The survey has a margin of error of plus or minus 2.5%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi declined to say when she will transmit the articles of impeachment to the Senate, telling reporters she is waiting to see what process is established in the Senate for a trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday evening, after the House approved a resolution with two articles of impeachment against President Trump, Pelosi said she would wait to find out more about the upcoming Senate trial before determining who the \"impeachment managers\" will be — the prosecution team representing the House Democrats' case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi pushed back when asked if she was contemplating not sending the two articles of impeachment over to the Senate at all, saying \"I never raised that possibility.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Wednesday's vote, when asked about the prospect of the House withholding the articles, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/davidmdrucker/status/1207450007546351616?s=11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told the Washington Examiner\u003c/a> he's \"in no hurry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi is expected to hold her weekly press conference Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y, are expected to meet soon to try to negotiate a resolution that will set out the process for the Senate trial. In recent days, McConnell has also said he is closely coordinating with the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Wednesday's impeachment vote, a handful of House members considered \"withholding the articles\" to try to force concessions from McConnell and others on their trial plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discussion comes as Senate Republicans have ramped up talks to hold a quick trial in January that will allow Trump to present a robust defense and would end in his imminent acquittal. Trump and White House officials have also kicked up their Senate outreach with Republican members, inviting them for weekly luncheons or other meetings in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you basically have the leader of the Senate saying I'm going to negotiate completely with the defendant here ... that makes a mockery of the whole process,\" said California Democratic Rep. Jackie Speier, a member of the House Intelligence Committee. \"I think by withholding, you try to negotiate their participation and witnesses. ... It's leverage because [Trump] can't say I'm totally exonerated by the Senate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a handful of Senate Republicans, including Sens. Lisa Murkowski, R-Alaska, Susan Collins, R-Maine and Mitt Romney, R-Utah, have said they would like to remain impartial jurors in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecticut Democratic Rep. Jim Himes, another member of the House Intelligence Committee, defended the idea of holding back the impeachment articles from the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When Mitch McConnell publicly abrogates his duty to be a fair juror I think there is a cause ... to take a step back and ask is this the moment to transmit it to the Senate,\" Himes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer wasn't ready to give his thoughts on the idea, but said it's currently under consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's being discussed,\" Hoyer said. \"I think it's an interesting idea and we are going to discuss it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New Jersey Democratic Rep. Tom Malinowski, a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, said he's heard more about the proposal on social media than on Capitol Hill, but he's not ruling it out as an option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been hearing it all over Twitter,\" Malinowski said. \"I'm thinking about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=House+Democrats+Weigh+A+Move+To+Delay+Senate+Impeachment+Trial&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Most Senate Republicans have said they want to acquit President Trump in a quick trial. In turn, some House Democrats are talking about withholding the impeachment articles from the Senate. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi declined to say when she will transmit the articles of impeachment to the Senate, telling reporters she is waiting to see what process is established in the Senate for a trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday evening, after the House approved a resolution with two articles of impeachment against President Trump, Pelosi said she would wait to find out more about the upcoming Senate trial before determining who the \"impeachment managers\" will be — the prosecution team representing the House Democrats' case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi pushed back when asked if she was contemplating not sending the two articles of impeachment over to the Senate at all, saying \"I never raised that possibility.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Wednesday's vote, when asked about the prospect of the House withholding the articles, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/davidmdrucker/status/1207450007546351616?s=11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told the Washington Examiner\u003c/a> he's \"in no hurry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi is expected to hold her weekly press conference Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y, are expected to meet soon to try to negotiate a resolution that will set out the process for the Senate trial. In recent days, McConnell has also said he is closely coordinating with the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Wednesday's impeachment vote, a handful of House members considered \"withholding the articles\" to try to force concessions from McConnell and others on their trial plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discussion comes as Senate Republicans have ramped up talks to hold a quick trial in January that will allow Trump to present a robust defense and would end in his imminent acquittal. Trump and White House officials have also kicked up their Senate outreach with Republican members, inviting them for weekly luncheons or other meetings in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you basically have the leader of the Senate saying I'm going to negotiate completely with the defendant here ... that makes a mockery of the whole process,\" said California Democratic Rep. Jackie Speier, a member of the House Intelligence Committee. \"I think by withholding, you try to negotiate their participation and witnesses. ... It's leverage because [Trump] can't say I'm totally exonerated by the Senate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a handful of Senate Republicans, including Sens. Lisa Murkowski, R-Alaska, Susan Collins, R-Maine and Mitt Romney, R-Utah, have said they would like to remain impartial jurors in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecticut Democratic Rep. Jim Himes, another member of the House Intelligence Committee, defended the idea of holding back the impeachment articles from the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When Mitch McConnell publicly abrogates his duty to be a fair juror I think there is a cause ... to take a step back and ask is this the moment to transmit it to the Senate,\" Himes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer wasn't ready to give his thoughts on the idea, but said it's currently under consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's being discussed,\" Hoyer said. \"I think it's an interesting idea and we are going to discuss it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New Jersey Democratic Rep. Tom Malinowski, a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, said he's heard more about the proposal on social media than on Capitol Hill, but he's not ruling it out as an option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been hearing it all over Twitter,\" Malinowski said. \"I'm thinking about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=House+Democrats+Weigh+A+Move+To+Delay+Senate+Impeachment+Trial&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "After Hours of Fiery Speeches in Protest and Support, House Impeaches Trump",
"title": "After Hours of Fiery Speeches in Protest and Support, House Impeaches Trump",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 8:56 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump is now just the third president in American history to be impeached. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers passed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/10/786579846/read-articles-of-impeachment-against-president-trump\">two articles of impeachment against President Trump\u003c/a>. The first article, which charges Trump with abuse of power, was approved largely along a party line vote, 230-197-1. The second article on obstructing Congress passed 229-198-1. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only two Democrats opposed the first impeachment article, Minnesota Rep. Collin Peterson and New Jersey Rep. Jeff Van Drew, who is expected to switch parties to the GOP this week. Maine Rep. Jared Golden voted for the first article but against the second one. Hawaii Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, who is seeking the Democratic nomination for president, voted present. No Republicans voted for either article, although Michigan Rep. Justin Amash, who left the GOP earlier this year to become an independent because he supported impeachment, also voted for both articles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House spent six hours of debate on the articles throughout the day on Wednesday. The vote came just one day before the 21 year anniversary of the House voting to impeach President Bill Clinton in 1998. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the debate, Democrats framed the choice as one to protect the Constitution and democracy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we do not act now,\" House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said in a speech on the floor, \"we would be derelict in our duty.\" She added that the president \"gave us no choice\" and called Trump an \"ongoing threat\" to national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi and other Democratic women wore black to signify the solemnity of the occasion. But Rep. Doug Collins, R-Ga., disputed the idea of this being a somber moment for Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not a solemn occasion,\" Collins said. \"When you go looking for something for three years, and especially this year since January, you ought to be excited when you've found it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins went on. \"Why do we keep calling this a solemn occasion when you've been wanting to do this ever since the gentleman was elected?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president, apparently following the debate at the White House, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1207355923573989376\">tweeted \u003c/a>(in all caps) that the \"radical left\" is putting forward \"atrocious lies\" and called the push for his impeachment \"an assault on America and an assault on the Republican party!!!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1207355923573989376?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday morning, the House debated the rules on how to proceed and approved it on a mostly party-line vote, 228-197. There were just two Democratic defections — Rep. Collin Peterson of Minnesota and Rep. Jeff Van Drew of New Jersey. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These same two opposed the House resolution formalizing the impeachment inquiry. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/15/788219342/house-democrat-who-opposed-impeachment-plans-to-switch-to-the-republican-party\">Van Drew is planning to switch parties\u003c/a> but has not officially announced when he will become a Republican. The lone independent, Rep. Justin Amash of Michigan, voted with Democrats. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules were determined by the House Rules Committee on Tuesday night. The morning session also saw some debate from members of Congress about Trump's impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No one came to Congress to impeach a president,\" Rep. Ben Ray Luján, D-N.M., said on the House floor. But, he added, Trump's behavior \"is so blatantly wrong that ignoring his abuses of power would be abdicating the oath we made to protect this country and uphold our Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members framed their votes as a legacy moment for their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Joe Kennedy, D-Mass., addressed his floor speech to his children. \"I want to tell you the story of this day,\" he said. \"Let the record show that today justice won, that we did our job, that we kept our word, that we stood our sacred ground. Let the record show that we did not let you down.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy concluded, \"I love you. Listen to Mom.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The Trump Impeachment Inquiry\" tag=\"impeachment\"]Rep. Barry Loudermilk, R-Ga., referenced Scripture. \"When Jesus was falsely accused of treason, Pontius Pilate gave Jesus the opportunity to face his accusers,\" Loudermilk said. \"During that sham trial, Pontius Pilate afforded more rights to Jesus than the Democrats have afforded this president in this process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Republicans complained about the impeachment process and argued the president has committed no crimes. There is \"no proof, none\" that the president committed an impeachable offense, said Rep. Debbie Lesko, R-Ariz. She charged that \"Democrats are tearing this country apart; they're tearing families apart.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Tom Cole, R-Okla., argued that Democrats have long wanted to impeach Trump. \"If we're really being honest,\" Cole said, \"Democrats have been searching to impeach President Trump since the day he was elected.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing lawmakers from both sides of the aisle did agree on: It was a sad day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a sad day. It is not a day for joy,\" said Rep. John Lewis, D-Ga. \"When you see something that is not right, not just, not fair, you have a moral obligation to say something, to do something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a sad day for America,\" agreed Rep. Bill Johnson, R-Ohio, before calling for a moment of silence to memorialize the 63 million Americans who voted for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier, the House rejected two motions brought forward by Republicans seeking to delay the eventual impeachment vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The articles of impeachment were approved on a party-line vote last week by the House Judiciary Committee. Wednesday's vote is also expected to closely follow party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have remained solidly behind the president, while Democrats — who control the House — have run the process leading up to Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump on Tuesday released \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Letter-from-President-Trump-final.pdf\">a scorching letter\u003c/a> to Pelosi, in which he called the impeachment effort an \"illegal, partisan attempted coup.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You are unwilling and unable to accept the verdict issued at the ballot box during the great Election of 2016,\" he wrote. \"So you have spent three straight years attempting to overturn the will of the American people and nullify their votes. You view democracy as your enemy!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president told reporters Tuesday that he takes \"zero\" responsibility for getting impeached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats charge that\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the president abused the power of his office \"by ignoring national security and other vital national interests to obtain an improper personal political benefit,\" according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/16/788383947/read-the-house-judiciary-committees-trump-impeachment-report\">an impeachment report\u003c/a> by House Democrats on the Judiciary Committee, released Sunday. It further charges that Trump \"betrayed the nation by abusing his high office to enlist a foreign power in corrupting democratic elections.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As to the second article, obstruction of Congress, the Judiciary Committee majority charges\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>that \"no president has ever claimed the unilateral prerogative to categorically and indiscriminately deny a House impeachment inquiry\" and that Trump's\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\"direction to defy House subpoenas constituted an assault on the Impeachment Clause itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the House adopts the articles of impeachment, as expected, the next step is for leadership to name the impeachment managers for a Senate trial. That move could come as early as Wednesday night, but Pelosi will decide whom to tap and she has not signaled when she will do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Senate, meanwhile, White House staffers distributed Christmas cards from Trump as well as copies of his letter to Pelosi, according to Sen. Chris Murphy, D-Conn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ChrisMurphyCT/status/1207391721539227648?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Senate trial, all 100 senators will act as jurors. Two-thirds, or 67 votes, would be needed to convict Trump, an outcome that is unlikely\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>in the Republican-led Senate. In remarks to reporters on Tuesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/17/788924966/mcconnell-i-m-not-impartial-about-impeachment\">Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., said he is not neutral\u003c/a> on whether Trump should be removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not an impartial juror,\" he said. \"This is a political process. There's not anything judicial about it. Impeachment is a political decision. The House made a partisan political decision to impeach. I would anticipate we will have a largely partisan outcome in the Senate. I'm not impartial about this at all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giving a taste of the continuing party battles, McConnell has rejected a Democratic proposal for certain witnesses. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., called for White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney and former national security adviser John Bolton, along with two others, to testify. But McConnell rejected the idea, calling it \"dead wrong.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Hours+Of+Fiery+Speeches+In+Protest+And+Support%2C+House+Impeaches+Trump&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 8:56 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump is now just the third president in American history to be impeached. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers passed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/10/786579846/read-articles-of-impeachment-against-president-trump\">two articles of impeachment against President Trump\u003c/a>. The first article, which charges Trump with abuse of power, was approved largely along a party line vote, 230-197-1. The second article on obstructing Congress passed 229-198-1. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only two Democrats opposed the first impeachment article, Minnesota Rep. Collin Peterson and New Jersey Rep. Jeff Van Drew, who is expected to switch parties to the GOP this week. Maine Rep. Jared Golden voted for the first article but against the second one. Hawaii Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, who is seeking the Democratic nomination for president, voted present. No Republicans voted for either article, although Michigan Rep. Justin Amash, who left the GOP earlier this year to become an independent because he supported impeachment, also voted for both articles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House spent six hours of debate on the articles throughout the day on Wednesday. The vote came just one day before the 21 year anniversary of the House voting to impeach President Bill Clinton in 1998. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the debate, Democrats framed the choice as one to protect the Constitution and democracy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we do not act now,\" House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said in a speech on the floor, \"we would be derelict in our duty.\" She added that the president \"gave us no choice\" and called Trump an \"ongoing threat\" to national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi and other Democratic women wore black to signify the solemnity of the occasion. But Rep. Doug Collins, R-Ga., disputed the idea of this being a somber moment for Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not a solemn occasion,\" Collins said. \"When you go looking for something for three years, and especially this year since January, you ought to be excited when you've found it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins went on. \"Why do we keep calling this a solemn occasion when you've been wanting to do this ever since the gentleman was elected?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president, apparently following the debate at the White House, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1207355923573989376\">tweeted \u003c/a>(in all caps) that the \"radical left\" is putting forward \"atrocious lies\" and called the push for his impeachment \"an assault on America and an assault on the Republican party!!!\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Wednesday morning, the House debated the rules on how to proceed and approved it on a mostly party-line vote, 228-197. There were just two Democratic defections — Rep. Collin Peterson of Minnesota and Rep. Jeff Van Drew of New Jersey. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These same two opposed the House resolution formalizing the impeachment inquiry. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/15/788219342/house-democrat-who-opposed-impeachment-plans-to-switch-to-the-republican-party\">Van Drew is planning to switch parties\u003c/a> but has not officially announced when he will become a Republican. The lone independent, Rep. Justin Amash of Michigan, voted with Democrats. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules were determined by the House Rules Committee on Tuesday night. The morning session also saw some debate from members of Congress about Trump's impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No one came to Congress to impeach a president,\" Rep. Ben Ray Luján, D-N.M., said on the House floor. But, he added, Trump's behavior \"is so blatantly wrong that ignoring his abuses of power would be abdicating the oath we made to protect this country and uphold our Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members framed their votes as a legacy moment for their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Joe Kennedy, D-Mass., addressed his floor speech to his children. \"I want to tell you the story of this day,\" he said. \"Let the record show that today justice won, that we did our job, that we kept our word, that we stood our sacred ground. Let the record show that we did not let you down.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy concluded, \"I love you. Listen to Mom.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Rep. Barry Loudermilk, R-Ga., referenced Scripture. \"When Jesus was falsely accused of treason, Pontius Pilate gave Jesus the opportunity to face his accusers,\" Loudermilk said. \"During that sham trial, Pontius Pilate afforded more rights to Jesus than the Democrats have afforded this president in this process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Republicans complained about the impeachment process and argued the president has committed no crimes. There is \"no proof, none\" that the president committed an impeachable offense, said Rep. Debbie Lesko, R-Ariz. She charged that \"Democrats are tearing this country apart; they're tearing families apart.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Tom Cole, R-Okla., argued that Democrats have long wanted to impeach Trump. \"If we're really being honest,\" Cole said, \"Democrats have been searching to impeach President Trump since the day he was elected.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing lawmakers from both sides of the aisle did agree on: It was a sad day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a sad day. It is not a day for joy,\" said Rep. John Lewis, D-Ga. \"When you see something that is not right, not just, not fair, you have a moral obligation to say something, to do something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a sad day for America,\" agreed Rep. Bill Johnson, R-Ohio, before calling for a moment of silence to memorialize the 63 million Americans who voted for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier, the House rejected two motions brought forward by Republicans seeking to delay the eventual impeachment vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The articles of impeachment were approved on a party-line vote last week by the House Judiciary Committee. Wednesday's vote is also expected to closely follow party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have remained solidly behind the president, while Democrats — who control the House — have run the process leading up to Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump on Tuesday released \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Letter-from-President-Trump-final.pdf\">a scorching letter\u003c/a> to Pelosi, in which he called the impeachment effort an \"illegal, partisan attempted coup.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You are unwilling and unable to accept the verdict issued at the ballot box during the great Election of 2016,\" he wrote. \"So you have spent three straight years attempting to overturn the will of the American people and nullify their votes. You view democracy as your enemy!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president told reporters Tuesday that he takes \"zero\" responsibility for getting impeached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats charge that\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the president abused the power of his office \"by ignoring national security and other vital national interests to obtain an improper personal political benefit,\" according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/16/788383947/read-the-house-judiciary-committees-trump-impeachment-report\">an impeachment report\u003c/a> by House Democrats on the Judiciary Committee, released Sunday. It further charges that Trump \"betrayed the nation by abusing his high office to enlist a foreign power in corrupting democratic elections.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As to the second article, obstruction of Congress, the Judiciary Committee majority charges\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>that \"no president has ever claimed the unilateral prerogative to categorically and indiscriminately deny a House impeachment inquiry\" and that Trump's\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\"direction to defy House subpoenas constituted an assault on the Impeachment Clause itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the House adopts the articles of impeachment, as expected, the next step is for leadership to name the impeachment managers for a Senate trial. That move could come as early as Wednesday night, but Pelosi will decide whom to tap and she has not signaled when she will do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Senate, meanwhile, White House staffers distributed Christmas cards from Trump as well as copies of his letter to Pelosi, according to Sen. Chris Murphy, D-Conn.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>At a Senate trial, all 100 senators will act as jurors. Two-thirds, or 67 votes, would be needed to convict Trump, an outcome that is unlikely\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>in the Republican-led Senate. In remarks to reporters on Tuesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/17/788924966/mcconnell-i-m-not-impartial-about-impeachment\">Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., said he is not neutral\u003c/a> on whether Trump should be removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not an impartial juror,\" he said. \"This is a political process. There's not anything judicial about it. Impeachment is a political decision. The House made a partisan political decision to impeach. I would anticipate we will have a largely partisan outcome in the Senate. I'm not impartial about this at all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giving a taste of the continuing party battles, McConnell has rejected a Democratic proposal for certain witnesses. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., called for White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney and former national security adviser John Bolton, along with two others, to testify. But McConnell rejected the idea, calling it \"dead wrong.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Hours+Of+Fiery+Speeches+In+Protest+And+Support%2C+House+Impeaches+Trump&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
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