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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 12, 4 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of wildfires burned across the U.S. West on Monday, but fire agencies reported some progress in corralling the flames and forecasters predicted a gradual decrease in extreme temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Craig Clements, a professor of meteorology and director of the Wildfire Interdisciplinary Research Center at San Jose State University, said that what’s different this year is the fact that California has been in a drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in a severe drought, exceptional drought across most of California, and that’s affected the fuel moisture content,” Clements said. “With dry fuels, fires get bigger, they burn hotter, and we have more extreme fire behavior.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clements also added that the fuel moisture levels now are equivalent to what would typically be see in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having such high maximum temperatures is a sign that we’re warming the planet, he said. “We are supposed to expect more of these events, and that’s pretty scary given the fact that we’re in a drought and we’ve got warmer temperatures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clements said that with many of these big fires, they’re more intense because of climate change, but it’s not just climate change that people need to be aware of — it’s also forest management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires have forced evacuations in numerous areas with dispersed properties and tiny communities where some burned homes and other structures have been observed but total losses were still being tallied. Mandatory evacuation orders are in effect in \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MaderaSheriff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Madera\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/mariposacountysheriff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mariposa\u003c/a> counties, where the River Fire is at 8,000 acres burned and 10% contained.[aside postID=news_11880307]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires erupted as California and neighboring states were in the grip of the second bout of dangerously high temperatures in just a few weeks. The entire region is also suffering from intense drought. The National Weather Service said, however, that the heat wave appeared to have peaked in many areas and excessive-heat warnings were largely expected to expire by Monday night or Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two largest fires were burning forests in northeastern California and southern Oregon, sending smoke across other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters were working in extreme temperatures across the West Coast and struggling to contain wildfires, the largest burning in California and Oregon, as another heat wave baked the region, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880813/growing-oregon-wildfire-threatens-ca-electric-transmission-lines-state-issues-grid-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">straining power grids\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest wildfire of the year in California — the \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/7601/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Beckwourth Complex\u003c/a> — was raging along the Nevada state line and has burned 89,748 acres — about 140 square miles — as of Monday morning. The California Independent System Operator, which oversees the transmission of bulk electricity in the state, issued a statewide flex alert for Monday from 4 p.m. to 9 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/California_ISO/status/1414377622470119425\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oregon, the Bootleg Fire exploded to 240 square miles as it raced through heavy timber in the Fremont-Winema National Forest, near the Klamath County town of Sprague River. The fire disrupted service on three transmission lines providing up to 5,500 megawatts of electricity to neighboring California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wildfire in southeast Washington grew to almost 60 square miles, while in Idaho, Gov. Brad Little has mobilized the National Guard to help fight fires sparked after lightning storms swept across the drought-stricken region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blazes come as the West is in the midst of a second extreme heat wave within just a few weeks and as the entire region is suffering from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880716/during-jaw-dropping-california-drought-governor-asks-state-to-limit-water-use\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one of the worst droughts in recent history\u003c/a>. Extreme heat warnings in California are finally expected to expire Monday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More Wildfire News\" postID=news_11834901,news_11840047,forum_2010101879386]On Sunday, firefighters working in temperatures that topped 100 degrees were able to gain some ground on the Beckwourth Complex, increasing containment to 23%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Saturday, flames jumped U.S. Route 395, which was closed near the small town of Doyle in California’s Lassen County. The lanes reopened Sunday, and officials urged motorists to use caution and keep moving along the key north-south route where flames were still active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do not stop and take pictures,” said Jake Cagle, the fire’s operations section chief. “You are going to impede our operations if you stop and look at what’s going on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cagle said structures had burned in Doyle, but he didn’t have an exact number. Bob Prary, who manages the Buck Inn Bar in the town of about 600 people, said he saw at least six houses destroyed after Saturday’s flare-up. The fire was smoldering Sunday in and around Doyle, but he feared some remote ranch properties were still in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems like the worst is over in town, but back on the mountainside the fire’s still going strong,” Prary said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2021/7/11/river-fire/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The River Fire\u003c/a> broke out Sunday afternoon south of Yosemite National Park. Thus far, it has burned 4,000 acres and triggered evacuations in two counties. Containment was just 5% but the highway leading to the southern entrance of the park remained open early Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The July heat wave followed an unusual June siege of broiling temperatures in the West. A growing number of scientific studies are concluding that heat waves in some cases can be directly attributed to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Sara Hosseini contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California's largest wildfire of the year, so far, was raging along the Nevada border, and had burned nearly 90,000 acres as of Monday morning.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 12, 4 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of wildfires burned across the U.S. West on Monday, but fire agencies reported some progress in corralling the flames and forecasters predicted a gradual decrease in extreme temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Craig Clements, a professor of meteorology and director of the Wildfire Interdisciplinary Research Center at San Jose State University, said that what’s different this year is the fact that California has been in a drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in a severe drought, exceptional drought across most of California, and that’s affected the fuel moisture content,” Clements said. “With dry fuels, fires get bigger, they burn hotter, and we have more extreme fire behavior.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clements also added that the fuel moisture levels now are equivalent to what would typically be see in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having such high maximum temperatures is a sign that we’re warming the planet, he said. “We are supposed to expect more of these events, and that’s pretty scary given the fact that we’re in a drought and we’ve got warmer temperatures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clements said that with many of these big fires, they’re more intense because of climate change, but it’s not just climate change that people need to be aware of — it’s also forest management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires have forced evacuations in numerous areas with dispersed properties and tiny communities where some burned homes and other structures have been observed but total losses were still being tallied. Mandatory evacuation orders are in effect in \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MaderaSheriff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Madera\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/mariposacountysheriff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mariposa\u003c/a> counties, where the River Fire is at 8,000 acres burned and 10% contained.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires erupted as California and neighboring states were in the grip of the second bout of dangerously high temperatures in just a few weeks. The entire region is also suffering from intense drought. The National Weather Service said, however, that the heat wave appeared to have peaked in many areas and excessive-heat warnings were largely expected to expire by Monday night or Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two largest fires were burning forests in northeastern California and southern Oregon, sending smoke across other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters were working in extreme temperatures across the West Coast and struggling to contain wildfires, the largest burning in California and Oregon, as another heat wave baked the region, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880813/growing-oregon-wildfire-threatens-ca-electric-transmission-lines-state-issues-grid-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">straining power grids\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest wildfire of the year in California — the \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/7601/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Beckwourth Complex\u003c/a> — was raging along the Nevada state line and has burned 89,748 acres — about 140 square miles — as of Monday morning. The California Independent System Operator, which oversees the transmission of bulk electricity in the state, issued a statewide flex alert for Monday from 4 p.m. to 9 p.m.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In Oregon, the Bootleg Fire exploded to 240 square miles as it raced through heavy timber in the Fremont-Winema National Forest, near the Klamath County town of Sprague River. The fire disrupted service on three transmission lines providing up to 5,500 megawatts of electricity to neighboring California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wildfire in southeast Washington grew to almost 60 square miles, while in Idaho, Gov. Brad Little has mobilized the National Guard to help fight fires sparked after lightning storms swept across the drought-stricken region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blazes come as the West is in the midst of a second extreme heat wave within just a few weeks and as the entire region is suffering from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880716/during-jaw-dropping-california-drought-governor-asks-state-to-limit-water-use\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one of the worst droughts in recent history\u003c/a>. Extreme heat warnings in California are finally expected to expire Monday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>On Sunday, firefighters working in temperatures that topped 100 degrees were able to gain some ground on the Beckwourth Complex, increasing containment to 23%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Saturday, flames jumped U.S. Route 395, which was closed near the small town of Doyle in California’s Lassen County. The lanes reopened Sunday, and officials urged motorists to use caution and keep moving along the key north-south route where flames were still active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do not stop and take pictures,” said Jake Cagle, the fire’s operations section chief. “You are going to impede our operations if you stop and look at what’s going on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cagle said structures had burned in Doyle, but he didn’t have an exact number. Bob Prary, who manages the Buck Inn Bar in the town of about 600 people, said he saw at least six houses destroyed after Saturday’s flare-up. The fire was smoldering Sunday in and around Doyle, but he feared some remote ranch properties were still in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems like the worst is over in town, but back on the mountainside the fire’s still going strong,” Prary said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2021/7/11/river-fire/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The River Fire\u003c/a> broke out Sunday afternoon south of Yosemite National Park. Thus far, it has burned 4,000 acres and triggered evacuations in two counties. Containment was just 5% but the highway leading to the southern entrance of the park remained open early Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The July heat wave followed an unusual June siege of broiling temperatures in the West. A growing number of scientific studies are concluding that heat waves in some cases can be directly attributed to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Sara Hosseini contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 11, 1:30 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Southern Oregon’s Bootleg Fire has grown to more than 143,000 acres as of Sunday morning, doubling in size from Saturday, when California energy officials warned it was encroaching on power transmission lines to the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, officials breathed a sigh of relief Sunday as flex alert warnings asking the public to conserve energy were successful. Those energy demands grew in the face of the wildfire, which blocked access to 5,500 megawatts of power, and as rising heat threatened to tax the state’s energy reserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Independent System Operator, which oversees the transmission of bulk electricity in the state, said there would be no flex alert on Sunday. Grid conditions were expected to be “stable” Sunday, California ISO said in a tweet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CA, you did it! Your efforts helped keep the grid stable,” the agency wrote on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Threats to the grid aren’t over yet, however. In the wake of growing wildfires and an ongoing heat wave, Gov. Gavin Newsom signed an executive order Saturday to allow the use of auxiliary ship engines to relieve pressure on California’s electric grid. This is in addition to his move Friday to allow the use of other backup energy reserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Sunday was expected to be relatively calm in terms of energy demands, California ISO warned demand is expected to increase again after the weekend — and asked the public to “remain vigilant” in case the state needs to conserve energy Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fearing the threat of wildfires to transmission lines amid a sweltering heat wave, California electricity grid operators issued a call to the public to conserve energy from 4 p.m. to 9 p.m. Saturday to prevent rolling blackouts statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With temperatures rising across the state’s inland regions, California’s electric grid netted a new threat Friday night as southern Oregon’s Bootleg Fire doubled in size \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/7609/\">to nearly 76,000 acres,\u003c/a> encroaching dangerously close to transmission lines used to import electricity from other states to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Elliot Mainzer, California Independent System Operator\"]‘California has a significant amount of additional capacity it needs to put into the system here in the years ahead to adapt to these changing patterns of load, and temperatures, and heat, and even the potential for extended drought.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Independent System Operator also forecast a potential shortfall of capacity due to the Bootleg Fire and issued a grid warning from 5 p.m. to 9 p.m. Saturday night. That warning indicates California ISO, which operates California’s bulk electricity grid, anticipates using its electricity reserves, and allows them to request emergency assistance and emergency demand programs if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has lost access to 5,500 megawatts of power due to the fire’s impacts on a grid interconnection between California and Oregon, California ISO CEO Elliot Mainzer said in a press conference Saturday afternoon. To put that into context, during one of two rolling blackouts called last year, the loss of just 248 megawatts at a plant in the Central Valley \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11842647/what-caused-augusts-rolling-blackouts-experts-say-its-still-not-totally-clear\">was the final tipping point into an emergency\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a significant portion of the state’s power supply,” Mainzer said. “I really want to emphasize, we are asking a lot of consumers, but we’ve been using every tool at our disposal to keep the lights on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s statewide energy issues have been exacerbated by wildfires unlike last year, when California ISO admitted that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11878348/during-rolling-blackouts-last-summer-california-kept-exporting-power-out-of-state-theres-still-no-permanent-fix\">it was exporting energy to other states as demand peaked in California\u003c/a>. That prompted ISO to call the first rolling blackouts in 19 years on two evenings in August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to free up additional energy resources quickly, Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Extreme-Heat-Proc-7-8-21.pdf\"> signed an emergency proclamation Friday\u003c/a> to suspend some permitting requirements that would allow backup power generation to be used to alleviate demands on the energy grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/California_ISO/status/1413951294151303168\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Californians deal with triple-digit heat Saturday, the National Weather Service has issued an excessive heat warning for much of the interior region of Northern California that will last through tomorrow night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NWS meteorologist Brayden Murdock said it’s important for people to be thinking ahead to lower electricity use as much as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not only are we dealing with hazardous heat during the day, but pretty warm nights are probably leading to people putting extra stress on their systems to get rid of that heat,” Murdock said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California ISO said data showed demand for electricity did drop Friday after they issued a flex alert that day, showing Californians were conserving in the face of a growing heat wave. But the Bootleg Fire’s growth posed an “imminent threat” to transmission lines between California and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/lilyjamali/status/1413952288872296448\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those transmission lines also import power into another electric grid that helps power Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bootleg Fire may not be contained for another two weeks, according to California ISO. California dispatched two strike teams with wildland engines to help Oregon officials battle the flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But two weeks isn’t the only span of time to worry about. Mainzer, the California ISO CEO, told the press Saturday that California needs to think ahead about how to shore up its energy in the new reality of ever-growing wildfires and heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think all of us recognize,” he said, “that California has a significant amount of additional capacity it needs to put into the system here in the years ahead to adapt to these changing patterns of load, and temperatures, and heat, and even the potential for extended drought.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to get away from the edge (capacity-wise) where we are now, but it will take some time,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire season has seen challenges arise across the state, as the Beckwourth Complex of fires in California’s northeast saw nearly 200 square miles of the Plumas National Forest closed, and forced evacuations across state lines into Nevada on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Beckwourth Complex, which began as two lightning-caused fires in Plumas National Forest, showed “extreme behavior,” fire information officer Lisa Cox said Friday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CAPublicHealth/status/1413211388982579201\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hot rising air formed a gigantic, smoky pyrocumulus cloud that reached thousands of feet high and created its own lightning, Cox said. And spot fires caused by embers leapt up to a mile ahead of the northeastern flank — too far for firefighters to safely battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winds up to about 20 mph on ridge tops were funneling flames up draws and canyons full of dry fuel, where “it can actually pick up speed,” Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 1,000 firefighters were aided by aircraft but the blaze was expected to continue leaping through trees and chaparral that already are bone-dry because of low humidity and the heat wave forecaste to continue through the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Emily Hung and The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 11, 1:30 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Southern Oregon’s Bootleg Fire has grown to more than 143,000 acres as of Sunday morning, doubling in size from Saturday, when California energy officials warned it was encroaching on power transmission lines to the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, officials breathed a sigh of relief Sunday as flex alert warnings asking the public to conserve energy were successful. Those energy demands grew in the face of the wildfire, which blocked access to 5,500 megawatts of power, and as rising heat threatened to tax the state’s energy reserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Independent System Operator, which oversees the transmission of bulk electricity in the state, said there would be no flex alert on Sunday. Grid conditions were expected to be “stable” Sunday, California ISO said in a tweet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CA, you did it! Your efforts helped keep the grid stable,” the agency wrote on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Threats to the grid aren’t over yet, however. In the wake of growing wildfires and an ongoing heat wave, Gov. Gavin Newsom signed an executive order Saturday to allow the use of auxiliary ship engines to relieve pressure on California’s electric grid. This is in addition to his move Friday to allow the use of other backup energy reserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Sunday was expected to be relatively calm in terms of energy demands, California ISO warned demand is expected to increase again after the weekend — and asked the public to “remain vigilant” in case the state needs to conserve energy Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fearing the threat of wildfires to transmission lines amid a sweltering heat wave, California electricity grid operators issued a call to the public to conserve energy from 4 p.m. to 9 p.m. Saturday to prevent rolling blackouts statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With temperatures rising across the state’s inland regions, California’s electric grid netted a new threat Friday night as southern Oregon’s Bootleg Fire doubled in size \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/7609/\">to nearly 76,000 acres,\u003c/a> encroaching dangerously close to transmission lines used to import electricity from other states to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘California has a significant amount of additional capacity it needs to put into the system here in the years ahead to adapt to these changing patterns of load, and temperatures, and heat, and even the potential for extended drought.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Independent System Operator also forecast a potential shortfall of capacity due to the Bootleg Fire and issued a grid warning from 5 p.m. to 9 p.m. Saturday night. That warning indicates California ISO, which operates California’s bulk electricity grid, anticipates using its electricity reserves, and allows them to request emergency assistance and emergency demand programs if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has lost access to 5,500 megawatts of power due to the fire’s impacts on a grid interconnection between California and Oregon, California ISO CEO Elliot Mainzer said in a press conference Saturday afternoon. To put that into context, during one of two rolling blackouts called last year, the loss of just 248 megawatts at a plant in the Central Valley \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11842647/what-caused-augusts-rolling-blackouts-experts-say-its-still-not-totally-clear\">was the final tipping point into an emergency\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a significant portion of the state’s power supply,” Mainzer said. “I really want to emphasize, we are asking a lot of consumers, but we’ve been using every tool at our disposal to keep the lights on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s statewide energy issues have been exacerbated by wildfires unlike last year, when California ISO admitted that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11878348/during-rolling-blackouts-last-summer-california-kept-exporting-power-out-of-state-theres-still-no-permanent-fix\">it was exporting energy to other states as demand peaked in California\u003c/a>. That prompted ISO to call the first rolling blackouts in 19 years on two evenings in August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to free up additional energy resources quickly, Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Extreme-Heat-Proc-7-8-21.pdf\"> signed an emergency proclamation Friday\u003c/a> to suspend some permitting requirements that would allow backup power generation to be used to alleviate demands on the energy grid.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>As Californians deal with triple-digit heat Saturday, the National Weather Service has issued an excessive heat warning for much of the interior region of Northern California that will last through tomorrow night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NWS meteorologist Brayden Murdock said it’s important for people to be thinking ahead to lower electricity use as much as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not only are we dealing with hazardous heat during the day, but pretty warm nights are probably leading to people putting extra stress on their systems to get rid of that heat,” Murdock said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California ISO said data showed demand for electricity did drop Friday after they issued a flex alert that day, showing Californians were conserving in the face of a growing heat wave. But the Bootleg Fire’s growth posed an “imminent threat” to transmission lines between California and Oregon.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Those transmission lines also import power into another electric grid that helps power Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bootleg Fire may not be contained for another two weeks, according to California ISO. California dispatched two strike teams with wildland engines to help Oregon officials battle the flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But two weeks isn’t the only span of time to worry about. Mainzer, the California ISO CEO, told the press Saturday that California needs to think ahead about how to shore up its energy in the new reality of ever-growing wildfires and heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think all of us recognize,” he said, “that California has a significant amount of additional capacity it needs to put into the system here in the years ahead to adapt to these changing patterns of load, and temperatures, and heat, and even the potential for extended drought.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to get away from the edge (capacity-wise) where we are now, but it will take some time,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire season has seen challenges arise across the state, as the Beckwourth Complex of fires in California’s northeast saw nearly 200 square miles of the Plumas National Forest closed, and forced evacuations across state lines into Nevada on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Beckwourth Complex, which began as two lightning-caused fires in Plumas National Forest, showed “extreme behavior,” fire information officer Lisa Cox said Friday evening.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Hot rising air formed a gigantic, smoky pyrocumulus cloud that reached thousands of feet high and created its own lightning, Cox said. And spot fires caused by embers leapt up to a mile ahead of the northeastern flank — too far for firefighters to safely battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winds up to about 20 mph on ridge tops were funneling flames up draws and canyons full of dry fuel, where “it can actually pick up speed,” Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 1,000 firefighters were aided by aircraft but the blaze was expected to continue leaping through trees and chaparral that already are bone-dry because of low humidity and the heat wave forecaste to continue through the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Emily Hung and The Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "During 'Jaw-Dropping' California Drought, Governor Asks State to Limit Water Use",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom on Thursday asked people and businesses in the state to voluntarily cut how much water they use by 15% as the Western United States weathers a drought that is rapidly emptying reservoirs relied on for agriculture, drinking water and fish habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/07/08/as-drought-conditions-intensify-governor-newsom-calls-on-californians-to-take-simple-actions-to-conserve-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">governor’s office said\u003c/a> if Californians reduce their water usage by 15%, it could save enough to supply 1.7 million households for a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, who is facing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880180/california-recall-election-set-for-sept-14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recall election in September\u003c/a>, has so far refrained from ordering any mandatory water restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s plea for voluntary reduction in water use demonstrates the growing challenges of a drought that will only worsen throughout the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-change-science-cd3e6dcb4d2490ed8c2ddcd3c54f69ab\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">summer\u003c/a> and fall and is tied to more intense wildfires and heat waves. Temperatures in parts of the region are spiking again this week as firefighters battle \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/ca-state-wire-california-fires-wildfires-4a22f9e6c31ebe2bef033586d8386f68\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">several wildfires\u003c/a> in Northern California and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/or-state-wire-oregon-wildfires-fires-22d608785b85d39b0fe8607d2af29177\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">other states\u003c/a> but are less extreme than the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-climate-change-science-environment-and-nature-935be069af34aad472074d42097af85e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">record heat wave\u003c/a> that may have caused hundreds of deaths in the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-science-health-government-and-politics-environment-and-nature-ecea3ed406610f352f5e3f64850b32f0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pacific Northwest\u003c/a> and British Columbia in late June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1975707 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/RS50215_GettyImages-1233516072-qut-1020x680.jpg']\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-droughts-government-and-politics-science-business-76709d5854394905e0f46880ed6dab9c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California’s most important reservoirs\u003c/a> are already at dangerously low levels and will likely reach historic lows later this year. Lake Oroville in Northern California is at 30% capacity, and state officials worry water levels could get so low they might have to shut down a hydroelectric plant later this year. Along the Russian River, officials fear Lake Mendocino could empty later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is jaw-dropping, what’s happening in the West Coast of the United States,” Newsom said Thursday during a news conference at Lopez Lake, a reservoir in San Luis Obispo County formed by a dam on the Arroyo Grande Creek that is at 34% capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A historic drought tied to climate change is gripping the U.S. West and comes just a few years after California declared its last dry spell over in 2016. The earlier drought in California depleted groundwater supplies and changed how people use water, with many people and businesses ripping out landscaping and replacing it with more drought-tolerant plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared to before the previous drought, urban water usage in California is down an average of 16%. But scientists say this drought is already hotter and drier than the earlier one, accelerating the impact on people and the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Mediterranean climate means it doesn’t get significant rain or snow until the winter. The state relies on snowmelt in the mountains to fill its reservoirs in the spring, which then provide water for farms, homes and fish throughout the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some big storms in January made officials optimistic about avoiding water shortages this year. But the soil was so dry that instead of melting into runoff to fill rivers and reservoirs, much of the snow in the mountains instead seeped into the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we didn’t understand was we had this deepening and intensifying drought underground,” said Karla Nemeth, director of the California Department of Water Resources. “It really is the speed at which the compounding effects of climate change in soil moisture and ambient temperatures have made this drought a very different kind of drought. It’s no longer a slow-moving train wreck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given how low California’s reservoirs already are, Nemeth said Newsom’s request for people to use less water is about planning for next year. The governor is asking for voluntary conservation efforts, such as taking shorter showers, running dishwashers only when they are full and reducing the frequency of watering lawns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbara Barrigan-Parrilla, executive director of Restore the Delta, a grassroots organization seeking to protect the San Francisco Bay Delta and its surrounding communities, called Newsom’s response “too little, too late.” She said her group and others warned the state at the end of 2020 to prepare for the drought, and added that Newsom has been given “bad advice” by state officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They let too much of the water out of the system for industrial agriculture users,” she said. “Our water resources and public trust resources like salmon fisheries have been squandered for almonds and other unsustainable crops.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers, meanwhile, have complained about their water allocations being severely cut this year. Nemeth said the state released water from Lake Oroville largely to satisfy water quality requirements in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, formed by those two river systems that feed into the San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"drought\" label=\"More drought coverage\"]“We released more than we had planned because much of that water never made it to the delta — it was diverted by other water users instead,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some local governments already have imposed mandatory water restrictions. And in Oregon, Gov. Kate Brown \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/or-state-wire-droughts-dee2206521e42d939984b3ba7ab41aa1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">directed state agencies\u003c/a> this week to stop watering lawns, washing windows at their offices and running fountains that don’t recirculate water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Nevada, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/nevada-droughts-government-and-politics-environment-and-nature-3bc619e46f902b2ebb77245fcf54e22a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a new law\u003c/a> bans nearly a third of grass in the Las Vegas area, targeting ornamental turf at places like office parks and street medians. The ban does not apply to single-family homes, parks and golf courses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Newsom on Thursday also added nine more counties to an emergency drought proclamation, which now covers 50 of the state’s 58 counties and 42% of the state’s population. The newly added counties are Inyo, Marin, Mono, Monterey, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara and Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counties included in the proclamation are eligible for various state actions, including suspension of some environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Large cities, including Los Angeles, San Diego and San Francisco, are not included in the proclamation. But Newsom is still asking people who live in heavily populated areas to reduce their water consumption because they rely on rivers and reservoirs in drought-stricken areas for much of their supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Tara Siler contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom on Thursday asked people and businesses in the state to voluntarily cut how much water they use by 15% as the Western United States weathers a drought that is rapidly emptying reservoirs relied on for agriculture, drinking water and fish habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/07/08/as-drought-conditions-intensify-governor-newsom-calls-on-californians-to-take-simple-actions-to-conserve-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">governor’s office said\u003c/a> if Californians reduce their water usage by 15%, it could save enough to supply 1.7 million households for a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, who is facing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880180/california-recall-election-set-for-sept-14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recall election in September\u003c/a>, has so far refrained from ordering any mandatory water restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s plea for voluntary reduction in water use demonstrates the growing challenges of a drought that will only worsen throughout the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-change-science-cd3e6dcb4d2490ed8c2ddcd3c54f69ab\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">summer\u003c/a> and fall and is tied to more intense wildfires and heat waves. Temperatures in parts of the region are spiking again this week as firefighters battle \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/ca-state-wire-california-fires-wildfires-4a22f9e6c31ebe2bef033586d8386f68\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">several wildfires\u003c/a> in Northern California and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/or-state-wire-oregon-wildfires-fires-22d608785b85d39b0fe8607d2af29177\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">other states\u003c/a> but are less extreme than the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-climate-change-science-environment-and-nature-935be069af34aad472074d42097af85e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">record heat wave\u003c/a> that may have caused hundreds of deaths in the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-science-health-government-and-politics-environment-and-nature-ecea3ed406610f352f5e3f64850b32f0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pacific Northwest\u003c/a> and British Columbia in late June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-droughts-government-and-politics-science-business-76709d5854394905e0f46880ed6dab9c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California’s most important reservoirs\u003c/a> are already at dangerously low levels and will likely reach historic lows later this year. Lake Oroville in Northern California is at 30% capacity, and state officials worry water levels could get so low they might have to shut down a hydroelectric plant later this year. Along the Russian River, officials fear Lake Mendocino could empty later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is jaw-dropping, what’s happening in the West Coast of the United States,” Newsom said Thursday during a news conference at Lopez Lake, a reservoir in San Luis Obispo County formed by a dam on the Arroyo Grande Creek that is at 34% capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A historic drought tied to climate change is gripping the U.S. West and comes just a few years after California declared its last dry spell over in 2016. The earlier drought in California depleted groundwater supplies and changed how people use water, with many people and businesses ripping out landscaping and replacing it with more drought-tolerant plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared to before the previous drought, urban water usage in California is down an average of 16%. But scientists say this drought is already hotter and drier than the earlier one, accelerating the impact on people and the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Mediterranean climate means it doesn’t get significant rain or snow until the winter. The state relies on snowmelt in the mountains to fill its reservoirs in the spring, which then provide water for farms, homes and fish throughout the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some big storms in January made officials optimistic about avoiding water shortages this year. But the soil was so dry that instead of melting into runoff to fill rivers and reservoirs, much of the snow in the mountains instead seeped into the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we didn’t understand was we had this deepening and intensifying drought underground,” said Karla Nemeth, director of the California Department of Water Resources. “It really is the speed at which the compounding effects of climate change in soil moisture and ambient temperatures have made this drought a very different kind of drought. It’s no longer a slow-moving train wreck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given how low California’s reservoirs already are, Nemeth said Newsom’s request for people to use less water is about planning for next year. The governor is asking for voluntary conservation efforts, such as taking shorter showers, running dishwashers only when they are full and reducing the frequency of watering lawns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbara Barrigan-Parrilla, executive director of Restore the Delta, a grassroots organization seeking to protect the San Francisco Bay Delta and its surrounding communities, called Newsom’s response “too little, too late.” She said her group and others warned the state at the end of 2020 to prepare for the drought, and added that Newsom has been given “bad advice” by state officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They let too much of the water out of the system for industrial agriculture users,” she said. “Our water resources and public trust resources like salmon fisheries have been squandered for almonds and other unsustainable crops.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers, meanwhile, have complained about their water allocations being severely cut this year. Nemeth said the state released water from Lake Oroville largely to satisfy water quality requirements in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, formed by those two river systems that feed into the San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We released more than we had planned because much of that water never made it to the delta — it was diverted by other water users instead,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some local governments already have imposed mandatory water restrictions. And in Oregon, Gov. Kate Brown \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/or-state-wire-droughts-dee2206521e42d939984b3ba7ab41aa1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">directed state agencies\u003c/a> this week to stop watering lawns, washing windows at their offices and running fountains that don’t recirculate water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Nevada, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/nevada-droughts-government-and-politics-environment-and-nature-3bc619e46f902b2ebb77245fcf54e22a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a new law\u003c/a> bans nearly a third of grass in the Las Vegas area, targeting ornamental turf at places like office parks and street medians. The ban does not apply to single-family homes, parks and golf courses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Newsom on Thursday also added nine more counties to an emergency drought proclamation, which now covers 50 of the state’s 58 counties and 42% of the state’s population. The newly added counties are Inyo, Marin, Mono, Monterey, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara and Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counties included in the proclamation are eligible for various state actions, including suspension of some environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Large cities, including Los Angeles, San Diego and San Francisco, are not included in the proclamation. But Newsom is still asking people who live in heavily populated areas to reduce their water consumption because they rely on rivers and reservoirs in drought-stricken areas for much of their supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Tara Siler contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Eight days ago, it rained over the western Pacific Ocean near Japan. There was nothing especially remarkable about this rain event, yet it made big waves twice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, it disturbed the atmosphere in just the right way to set off an undulation in the jet stream — a river of very strong winds in the upper atmosphere — that atmospheric scientists call a Rossby wave (or a planetary wave). Then the wave was guided eastward by the jet stream towards North America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way the wave amplified, until it broke just like an ocean wave does when it approaches the shore. When the wave broke it created a region of high pressure that remained stationary over the North American northwest for more than a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where our innocuous rain event made waves again: The locked region of high pressure air set off one of the most extraordinary heat waves we have ever seen, smashing temperature records in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and in Western Canada as far north as the Arctic. Lytton in British Columbia hit 49.6℃ this week before suffering \u003ca href=\"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-07-02/lytton-fire-record-temperatures-heat-dome-canada-heatwave/100261768\">a devastating wildfire\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Makes a Heat Wave?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"science_1975665\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/07/Camping-Wildfire-1920x1280.jpg\"]While this heat wave has been extraordinary in many ways, its birth and evolution followed a well-known sequence of events that generate heat waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heat waves occur when there is high air pressure at ground level. The high pressure is a result of air sinking through the atmosphere. As the air descends, the pressure increases, compressing the air and heating it up, just like in a bike pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinking air has a big warming effect: The temperature increases by 1 degree for every 100 meters the air is pushed downward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-pressure systems are an intrinsic part of an atmospheric Rossby wave, and they travel along with the wave. Heat waves occur when the high-pressure systems stop moving and affect a particular region for a considerable time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When this happens, the warming of the air by sinking alone can be further intensified by the ground heating the air — which is especially powerful if the ground was already dry. In the Northwestern U.S. and Western Canada, heat waves are compounded by the warming produced by air sinking after it crosses the Rocky Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Rossby Waves Drive Weather\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"science_1975549\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/06/RS49952_056_MendocinoCounty_LakeMendocinoDrought_06112021-qut-1038x576.jpg\"]This leaves two questions: What makes a high-pressure system, and why does it stop moving?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we mentioned above, a high-pressure system is usually part of a specific type of wave in the atmosphere — a Rossby wave. These waves are very common, and they form when air is displaced north or south by mountains, other weather systems or large areas of rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rossby waves are the main drivers of weather outside the tropics, including the changeable weather in the southern half of Australia. Occasionally, the waves grow so large that they overturn on themselves and break. The breaking of the waves is intimately involved in making them stationary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Importantly, just as for the recent event, the seeds for the Rossby waves that trigger heat waves are located several thousands of kilometers to the west of their location. So for the Northwestern U.S., that’s the western Pacific. Australian heat waves are typically triggered by events in the Atlantic to the west of Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another important feature of heat waves is that they are often accompanied by high rainfall closer to the equator. When southeast Australia experiences heatwaves, northern Australia often experiences rain. These rain events are not just side effects, but they actively enhance and prolong heat waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Does Climate Change Mean for Heat Waves?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"science_1975443\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/06/RS50018_GettyImages-1229318331-qut-1020x680.jpg\"]Understanding the mechanics of what causes heat waves is very important if we want to know how they might change as the planet gets hotter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing Earth’s average surface temperature. However, while this average warming is the background for heat waves, the extremely high temperatures are produced by the movements of the atmosphere we talked about earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So to know how heat waves will change as our planet warms, we need to know how the changing climate affects the weather events that produce them. This is a much more difficult question than knowing the change in global average temperature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How will events that seed Rossby waves change? How will the jet streams change? Will more waves get big enough to break? Will high-pressure systems stay in one place for longer? Will the associated rainfall become more intense, and how might that affect the heat waves themselves?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our answers to these questions are so far somewhat rudimentary. This is largely because some of the key processes involved are too detailed to be explicitly included in current large-scale climate models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate models agree that global warming will change the position and strength of the jet streams. However, the models disagree about what will happen to Rossby waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>From Climate Change to Weather Change\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='climate']There is one thing we do know for sure: We need to up our game in understanding how the \u003cem>weather\u003c/em> is changing as our planet warms, because weather is what has the biggest impact on humans and natural systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do this, we will need to build computer models of the world’s climate that explicitly include some of the fine detail of weather (by fine detail, we mean anything about a kilometer in size).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This in turn will require investment in huge amounts of computing power for tools such as our national climate model, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.csiro.au/en/research/environmental-impacts/climate-change/access\">Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator\u003c/a> (ACCESS), and the computing and modelling infrastructure projects of the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS) that support it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We will also need to break down the artificial boundaries between weather and climate which exist in our research, our education and our public conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/christian-jakob-5393\">Christian Jakob\u003c/a> is a professor of atmospheric science at Monash University, a public research university based in Melbourne, Australia. \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/michael-reeder-318684\">Michael Reeder\u003c/a> is a professor of earth, atmosphere and environmental sciences, also at Monash University.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is republished from \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/\">The Conversation\u003c/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/the-north-american-heatwave-shows-we-need-to-know-how-climate-change-will-change-our-weather-163802\">original article\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Eight days ago, it rained over the western Pacific Ocean near Japan. There was nothing especially remarkable about this rain event, yet it made big waves twice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, it disturbed the atmosphere in just the right way to set off an undulation in the jet stream — a river of very strong winds in the upper atmosphere — that atmospheric scientists call a Rossby wave (or a planetary wave). Then the wave was guided eastward by the jet stream towards North America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way the wave amplified, until it broke just like an ocean wave does when it approaches the shore. When the wave broke it created a region of high pressure that remained stationary over the North American northwest for more than a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where our innocuous rain event made waves again: The locked region of high pressure air set off one of the most extraordinary heat waves we have ever seen, smashing temperature records in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and in Western Canada as far north as the Arctic. Lytton in British Columbia hit 49.6℃ this week before suffering \u003ca href=\"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-07-02/lytton-fire-record-temperatures-heat-dome-canada-heatwave/100261768\">a devastating wildfire\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While this heat wave has been extraordinary in many ways, its birth and evolution followed a well-known sequence of events that generate heat waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heat waves occur when there is high air pressure at ground level. The high pressure is a result of air sinking through the atmosphere. As the air descends, the pressure increases, compressing the air and heating it up, just like in a bike pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinking air has a big warming effect: The temperature increases by 1 degree for every 100 meters the air is pushed downward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-pressure systems are an intrinsic part of an atmospheric Rossby wave, and they travel along with the wave. Heat waves occur when the high-pressure systems stop moving and affect a particular region for a considerable time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When this happens, the warming of the air by sinking alone can be further intensified by the ground heating the air — which is especially powerful if the ground was already dry. In the Northwestern U.S. and Western Canada, heat waves are compounded by the warming produced by air sinking after it crosses the Rocky Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Rossby Waves Drive Weather\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This leaves two questions: What makes a high-pressure system, and why does it stop moving?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we mentioned above, a high-pressure system is usually part of a specific type of wave in the atmosphere — a Rossby wave. These waves are very common, and they form when air is displaced north or south by mountains, other weather systems or large areas of rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rossby waves are the main drivers of weather outside the tropics, including the changeable weather in the southern half of Australia. Occasionally, the waves grow so large that they overturn on themselves and break. The breaking of the waves is intimately involved in making them stationary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Importantly, just as for the recent event, the seeds for the Rossby waves that trigger heat waves are located several thousands of kilometers to the west of their location. So for the Northwestern U.S., that’s the western Pacific. Australian heat waves are typically triggered by events in the Atlantic to the west of Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another important feature of heat waves is that they are often accompanied by high rainfall closer to the equator. When southeast Australia experiences heatwaves, northern Australia often experiences rain. These rain events are not just side effects, but they actively enhance and prolong heat waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Does Climate Change Mean for Heat Waves?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Understanding the mechanics of what causes heat waves is very important if we want to know how they might change as the planet gets hotter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing Earth’s average surface temperature. However, while this average warming is the background for heat waves, the extremely high temperatures are produced by the movements of the atmosphere we talked about earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So to know how heat waves will change as our planet warms, we need to know how the changing climate affects the weather events that produce them. This is a much more difficult question than knowing the change in global average temperature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How will events that seed Rossby waves change? How will the jet streams change? Will more waves get big enough to break? Will high-pressure systems stay in one place for longer? Will the associated rainfall become more intense, and how might that affect the heat waves themselves?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our answers to these questions are so far somewhat rudimentary. This is largely because some of the key processes involved are too detailed to be explicitly included in current large-scale climate models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate models agree that global warming will change the position and strength of the jet streams. However, the models disagree about what will happen to Rossby waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>From Climate Change to Weather Change\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>There is one thing we do know for sure: We need to up our game in understanding how the \u003cem>weather\u003c/em> is changing as our planet warms, because weather is what has the biggest impact on humans and natural systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do this, we will need to build computer models of the world’s climate that explicitly include some of the fine detail of weather (by fine detail, we mean anything about a kilometer in size).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This in turn will require investment in huge amounts of computing power for tools such as our national climate model, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.csiro.au/en/research/environmental-impacts/climate-change/access\">Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator\u003c/a> (ACCESS), and the computing and modelling infrastructure projects of the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS) that support it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We will also need to break down the artificial boundaries between weather and climate which exist in our research, our education and our public conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/christian-jakob-5393\">Christian Jakob\u003c/a> is a professor of atmospheric science at Monash University, a public research university based in Melbourne, Australia. \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/michael-reeder-318684\">Michael Reeder\u003c/a> is a professor of earth, atmosphere and environmental sciences, also at Monash University.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is republished from \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/\">The Conversation\u003c/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/the-north-american-heatwave-shows-we-need-to-know-how-climate-change-will-change-our-weather-163802\">original article\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "A $61 Million Bet to Keep Wildlife Safe and Off California's Highways",
"title": "A $61 Million Bet to Keep Wildlife Safe and Off California's Highways",
"headTitle": "CALmatters | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>It’d be just another normal day, nearly 17 feet above Highway 101 in Agoura Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A southern alligator lizard and a western toad hide from the heat in the greenery of restored native vegetation. Mountain lion cubs pounce on rocks and spring into the nearby canyons. The sun glints on the feathers of a golden eagle soaring overhead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the scene environmentalists hope will someday become reality on a massive overpass above the 10-lane freeway that cuts through the Santa Monica Mountains near Los Angeles. The project known as the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing is one step closer to happening now that Gov. Gavin Newsom has signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB128\">a budget that includes $7 million to help build it\u003c/a> — and another $54.5 million for similar projects in other parts of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Fraser Shilling, Road Ecology Center at UC Davis\"]'We’re not an environmental state ... We don’t have environmental-based legislation that is resulting in protection of wildlife.'[/pullquote]It’s part of a larger nationwide push to build \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/05/31/climate/wildlife-crossings-animals.html\">special bridges and tunnels that help animals\u003c/a> safely cross busy roads and freeways. The goal is two-fold: to give species at risk the space they need to find mates, and to reduce the number of car crashes that imperil both wildlife and humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 7,000 vehicle crashes a year on California highways involve large wildlife, such as deer, according to 2018 data from the Road Ecology Center at UC Davis. That’s nearly 20 crashes a day, at least. Many are likely unreported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they aren’t cheap — for the drivers or the government. Between 2015 and 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://roadecology.ucdavis.edu/files/content/projects/2019%20WVC%20Report%20%28for%202018%20data%29.pdf#page=2\">wildlife crashes have cost more than $1 billion\u003c/a>. The expenses include car damage, personal injuries, emergency response, traffic impacts, lost work and the clean up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Highways aren’t just crash sites for the deer caught in the headlights; they’re also a great divide that can threaten the future of an entire species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because highways cut through critical habitat, making it impossible for animals from one side to breed with animals on the other. This leads to inbreeding and deformities that result from dwindling genetic diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildlife crossings can help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880433\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11880433\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01.jpg\" alt=\"An artist rendering of what a wildlife tunnel could look like. There is a bridge of land and wildlife that goes over a freeway.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"663\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01-800x518.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01-1020x660.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01-160x104.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist rendering of the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing, which would help restore connectivity in the Santa Monica Mountain range, buffering mountain lions from extinction. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of National Wildlife Federation/Living Habitats)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Utah saw a \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70003789\">98.5% reduction in deer mortalities\u003c/a> when it built two animal underpasses on a stretch of highway that blocked traditional migratory routes. In Colorado, wildlife-vehicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.codot.gov/business/process-improvement/larger-process-improvement-efforts/a-safe-crossing-colorado2019s-collaborative-research-project-for-wildlife-vehicle-mitigation\">collisions dropped by 89%\u003c/a> after the state built two bridges to help mule deer and elk safely cross a highway. Arizona, Florida, Montana, Oregon, New Mexico, Washington and Wyoming have also built successful wildlife crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what about California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite its environmentally aware reputation, the Golden State lags in building these crossings. The Liberty Canyon overpass would be California’s first bridge on the state highway system designed specifically for fostering wildlife connectivity. And even with the new funding, it’s still years away from completion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not an environmental state,” said Fraser Shilling, co-director of the \u003ca href=\"https://roadecology.ucdavis.edu/\">Road Ecology Center at UC Davis\u003c/a>. “We don’t have environmental-based legislation that is resulting in protection of wildlife.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, however, conservationists are encouraged by action at the state Capitol. A bill making its way through the Legislature would \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB790\">encourage the state transportation agency to build more wildlife crossings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the budget lawmakers passed last month includes new funding \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB129\">to build animal overpasses and underpasses\u003c/a>. In addition to the $7 million for the bridge at Liberty Canyon, it also includes $2 million to build a tunnel for deer and mountain lions to pass under Highway 17 in the Santa Cruz Mountains, plus $52.5 million for other wildlife crossings that have yet to be identified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880435\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11880435 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10.jpg\" alt=\"A hand holds up a large piece of paper with many footprints of different sizes.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michelle Mariscal, an ecologist for the Puente Hills Habitat Preservation Authority, holds a sheet that assists in identifying wildlife using the Harbor Boulevard Wildlife Underpass in La Habra Heights, on June 30, 2021. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wildlife crossings have gained support across the political spectrum — both from environmentalists as well as groups that advocate for hunters. Even though he disagrees with California’s ban on hunting mountain lions, Dan Whisenhunt, chief executive officer at the California Deer Association, supports building more overpasses and underpasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one time that politics is listening to common sense ... because nobody loses in this,” Whisenhunt said. “It could be somebody from Los Angeles or San Francisco or out of state, traveling on Highway 395, and they’re going to have the benefit of that crossing because there’s not going to be the deer running across the road.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near Lake Tahoe, for instance, three underpasses help mule deer safely wander below Highway 395. In Los Angeles County, the Harbor Boulevard Wildlife Underpass is a metal corrugated tunnel directing coyotes, deer and bobcats under the road. In Orange County, a corridor \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-01-29/progress-made-on-crucial-wildlife-corridor-connecting-o-c-coast-with-cleveland-national-forest\">will provide a safe route\u003c/a> for gray foxes, bobcats, coyotes and other creatures to travel between the Santa Ana Mountains and the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underpasses are generally cheaper than overpasses, and some animals, such as deer, prefer them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mountain lions, however, prefer overpasses. A desire to protect them from extinction has led to the years-long push to build the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing. Expected to be complete in late 2025, this project will be the largest wildlife passage in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6Z4qXratvQ\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Preventing an 'Extinction Vortex'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Mountain lions in the Santa Ana and Santa Monica mountains face a 99% chance of extinction within the next 50 years, and genetic isolation is to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re inbreeding with each other, and they face this extinction vortex,” said Mari Galloway, the California program manager at Wildlands Network. “It’s shown in this kinked tail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kinked tail is a familiar omen. A few decades ago, fewer than 30 mountain lions remained in Florida. Isolated by highways, they were breeding in too small of circles. The proof was in the tail: When on the edge of extinction, the ends of the tails were bent out of shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11879719\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/received_949030718975633-1020x680.jpeg\"]“What they need is genetic connectivity, and so Liberty Canyon will provide more opportunities for outside mountain lions to come in and really give that gene pool a boost and diversity,” said Tiffany Yap, senior scientist at the Center for Biological Diversity in San Francisco. “Not only is that crossing really key for mountain lions, but it would help an incredible amount of biodiversity in the area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting one side of the mountain range to the other, the crossing would provide a safe passageway for mountain lions as well as gopher snakes, mule deer and desert cottontail rabbits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project — expected to cost $87 million — is being funded with public and private dollars, including $250,000 from the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation and $25 million from the Annenberg Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not just relying on the state,” said Beth Pratt, regional executive director at the National Wildlife Federation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The investments not only buoy conservation efforts, but also make highways safer and financially self-sustaining. In Placerville, in the Sierra Nevada foothills, a tunnel under Highway 50 cost $1.3 million to build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The project is pretty close to having paid for itself already by reducing collisions with deer,” said Shilling, the UC Davis ecologist.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Bringing Stakeholders on Board\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Money, however, isn’t the only problem. Even if consistent funding went to wildlife crossings, actually building them can get complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because California’s transportation planners — under pressure to serve growing communities and alleviate traffic — haven’t had much incentive to build tunnels and bridges for animals. State Sen. Henry Stern wants to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got all these big statewide goals around biodiversity and protecting natural lands and conserving open space,” the Malibu Democrat said. “But we thought we needed to do something ... that really integrated wildlife connectivity and habitat connectivity into the transportation planning process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stern’s Senate Bill 790 \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB790\">creates an incentive system\u003c/a> that allows Caltrans, the agency that builds roads and freeways, to get credits from the state if it retrofits highways with new wildlife crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the future, when Caltrans builds transportation projects that may have adverse environmental impacts, the department can draw upon these mitigation credits from building wildlife crossings. The concept is similar to other environmental programs that encourage companies to offset some of their pollution by paying for ecological benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill passed the Senate with overwhelming bipartisan support and is now being considered in the Assembly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='science']The bill would also grant mitigation credits to Caltrans when its projects protect species listed under the California Endangered Species Act. Since October 2020, some mountain lions in Southern California and the Central Coast \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/my-turn/2020/04/its-time-to-protect-californias-mountain-lions/\">have been granted temporary legal protection under the act\u003c/a>, while the state Department of Fish and Wildlife reviews whether \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Mammals/Mountain-Lion\">they should be listed as threatened\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means if Stern’s bill becomes law, projects such as Liberty Canyon could receive a boost because Caltrans could receive mitigation credits for building a crossing that helps mountain lions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This issue also represents an opportunity for Newsom to advance his family legacy of mountain lion conservation. More than 30 years ago, his father William Newsom championed the ballot measure that banned hunting the species in California. The governor remembers licking envelopes to help promote his father’s hunting ban, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article240676261.html\">told The Sacramento Bee last year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stern talked with Newsom about his connection to mountain lions when they toured the site for the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing almost two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is how he and a lot of other people connect to nature,” Stern said. “He was out there with his dad helping get the original mountain lion ballot initiative passed ... and he wanted to run around in the wilderness with me ... and you could tell, it woke up the kid in him.”\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Large animals cause 20 crashes a day on California highways. Experts say special bridges and tunnels can improve highway safety and protect endangered species.",
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"description": "Large animals cause 20 crashes a day on California highways. Experts say special bridges and tunnels can improve highway safety and protect endangered species.",
"title": "A $61 Million Bet to Keep Wildlife Safe and Off California's Highways | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/marissa-garcia/\">Marissa Garcia\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’d be just another normal day, nearly 17 feet above Highway 101 in Agoura Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A southern alligator lizard and a western toad hide from the heat in the greenery of restored native vegetation. Mountain lion cubs pounce on rocks and spring into the nearby canyons. The sun glints on the feathers of a golden eagle soaring overhead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the scene environmentalists hope will someday become reality on a massive overpass above the 10-lane freeway that cuts through the Santa Monica Mountains near Los Angeles. The project known as the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing is one step closer to happening now that Gov. Gavin Newsom has signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB128\">a budget that includes $7 million to help build it\u003c/a> — and another $54.5 million for similar projects in other parts of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'We’re not an environmental state ... We don’t have environmental-based legislation that is resulting in protection of wildlife.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It’s part of a larger nationwide push to build \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/05/31/climate/wildlife-crossings-animals.html\">special bridges and tunnels that help animals\u003c/a> safely cross busy roads and freeways. The goal is two-fold: to give species at risk the space they need to find mates, and to reduce the number of car crashes that imperil both wildlife and humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 7,000 vehicle crashes a year on California highways involve large wildlife, such as deer, according to 2018 data from the Road Ecology Center at UC Davis. That’s nearly 20 crashes a day, at least. Many are likely unreported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they aren’t cheap — for the drivers or the government. Between 2015 and 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://roadecology.ucdavis.edu/files/content/projects/2019%20WVC%20Report%20%28for%202018%20data%29.pdf#page=2\">wildlife crashes have cost more than $1 billion\u003c/a>. The expenses include car damage, personal injuries, emergency response, traffic impacts, lost work and the clean up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Highways aren’t just crash sites for the deer caught in the headlights; they’re also a great divide that can threaten the future of an entire species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because highways cut through critical habitat, making it impossible for animals from one side to breed with animals on the other. This leads to inbreeding and deformities that result from dwindling genetic diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildlife crossings can help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880433\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11880433\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01.jpg\" alt=\"An artist rendering of what a wildlife tunnel could look like. There is a bridge of land and wildlife that goes over a freeway.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"663\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01-800x518.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01-1020x660.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/courtesy_LibertyCanyonCrossing_NWF_01-160x104.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist rendering of the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing, which would help restore connectivity in the Santa Monica Mountain range, buffering mountain lions from extinction. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of National Wildlife Federation/Living Habitats)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Utah saw a \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70003789\">98.5% reduction in deer mortalities\u003c/a> when it built two animal underpasses on a stretch of highway that blocked traditional migratory routes. In Colorado, wildlife-vehicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.codot.gov/business/process-improvement/larger-process-improvement-efforts/a-safe-crossing-colorado2019s-collaborative-research-project-for-wildlife-vehicle-mitigation\">collisions dropped by 89%\u003c/a> after the state built two bridges to help mule deer and elk safely cross a highway. Arizona, Florida, Montana, Oregon, New Mexico, Washington and Wyoming have also built successful wildlife crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what about California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite its environmentally aware reputation, the Golden State lags in building these crossings. The Liberty Canyon overpass would be California’s first bridge on the state highway system designed specifically for fostering wildlife connectivity. And even with the new funding, it’s still years away from completion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not an environmental state,” said Fraser Shilling, co-director of the \u003ca href=\"https://roadecology.ucdavis.edu/\">Road Ecology Center at UC Davis\u003c/a>. “We don’t have environmental-based legislation that is resulting in protection of wildlife.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, however, conservationists are encouraged by action at the state Capitol. A bill making its way through the Legislature would \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB790\">encourage the state transportation agency to build more wildlife crossings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the budget lawmakers passed last month includes new funding \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB129\">to build animal overpasses and underpasses\u003c/a>. In addition to the $7 million for the bridge at Liberty Canyon, it also includes $2 million to build a tunnel for deer and mountain lions to pass under Highway 17 in the Santa Cruz Mountains, plus $52.5 million for other wildlife crossings that have yet to be identified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880435\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11880435 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10.jpg\" alt=\"A hand holds up a large piece of paper with many footprints of different sizes.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/06302021_Underpass_PU_Sized_10-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michelle Mariscal, an ecologist for the Puente Hills Habitat Preservation Authority, holds a sheet that assists in identifying wildlife using the Harbor Boulevard Wildlife Underpass in La Habra Heights, on June 30, 2021. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wildlife crossings have gained support across the political spectrum — both from environmentalists as well as groups that advocate for hunters. Even though he disagrees with California’s ban on hunting mountain lions, Dan Whisenhunt, chief executive officer at the California Deer Association, supports building more overpasses and underpasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one time that politics is listening to common sense ... because nobody loses in this,” Whisenhunt said. “It could be somebody from Los Angeles or San Francisco or out of state, traveling on Highway 395, and they’re going to have the benefit of that crossing because there’s not going to be the deer running across the road.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near Lake Tahoe, for instance, three underpasses help mule deer safely wander below Highway 395. In Los Angeles County, the Harbor Boulevard Wildlife Underpass is a metal corrugated tunnel directing coyotes, deer and bobcats under the road. In Orange County, a corridor \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-01-29/progress-made-on-crucial-wildlife-corridor-connecting-o-c-coast-with-cleveland-national-forest\">will provide a safe route\u003c/a> for gray foxes, bobcats, coyotes and other creatures to travel between the Santa Ana Mountains and the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underpasses are generally cheaper than overpasses, and some animals, such as deer, prefer them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mountain lions, however, prefer overpasses. A desire to protect them from extinction has led to the years-long push to build the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing. Expected to be complete in late 2025, this project will be the largest wildlife passage in the world.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/l6Z4qXratvQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/l6Z4qXratvQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>Preventing an 'Extinction Vortex'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Mountain lions in the Santa Ana and Santa Monica mountains face a 99% chance of extinction within the next 50 years, and genetic isolation is to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re inbreeding with each other, and they face this extinction vortex,” said Mari Galloway, the California program manager at Wildlands Network. “It’s shown in this kinked tail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kinked tail is a familiar omen. A few decades ago, fewer than 30 mountain lions remained in Florida. Isolated by highways, they were breeding in too small of circles. The proof was in the tail: When on the edge of extinction, the ends of the tails were bent out of shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“What they need is genetic connectivity, and so Liberty Canyon will provide more opportunities for outside mountain lions to come in and really give that gene pool a boost and diversity,” said Tiffany Yap, senior scientist at the Center for Biological Diversity in San Francisco. “Not only is that crossing really key for mountain lions, but it would help an incredible amount of biodiversity in the area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting one side of the mountain range to the other, the crossing would provide a safe passageway for mountain lions as well as gopher snakes, mule deer and desert cottontail rabbits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project — expected to cost $87 million — is being funded with public and private dollars, including $250,000 from the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation and $25 million from the Annenberg Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not just relying on the state,” said Beth Pratt, regional executive director at the National Wildlife Federation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The investments not only buoy conservation efforts, but also make highways safer and financially self-sustaining. In Placerville, in the Sierra Nevada foothills, a tunnel under Highway 50 cost $1.3 million to build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The project is pretty close to having paid for itself already by reducing collisions with deer,” said Shilling, the UC Davis ecologist.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Bringing Stakeholders on Board\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Money, however, isn’t the only problem. Even if consistent funding went to wildlife crossings, actually building them can get complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because California’s transportation planners — under pressure to serve growing communities and alleviate traffic — haven’t had much incentive to build tunnels and bridges for animals. State Sen. Henry Stern wants to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got all these big statewide goals around biodiversity and protecting natural lands and conserving open space,” the Malibu Democrat said. “But we thought we needed to do something ... that really integrated wildlife connectivity and habitat connectivity into the transportation planning process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stern’s Senate Bill 790 \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB790\">creates an incentive system\u003c/a> that allows Caltrans, the agency that builds roads and freeways, to get credits from the state if it retrofits highways with new wildlife crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the future, when Caltrans builds transportation projects that may have adverse environmental impacts, the department can draw upon these mitigation credits from building wildlife crossings. The concept is similar to other environmental programs that encourage companies to offset some of their pollution by paying for ecological benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill passed the Senate with overwhelming bipartisan support and is now being considered in the Assembly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The bill would also grant mitigation credits to Caltrans when its projects protect species listed under the California Endangered Species Act. Since October 2020, some mountain lions in Southern California and the Central Coast \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/my-turn/2020/04/its-time-to-protect-californias-mountain-lions/\">have been granted temporary legal protection under the act\u003c/a>, while the state Department of Fish and Wildlife reviews whether \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Mammals/Mountain-Lion\">they should be listed as threatened\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means if Stern’s bill becomes law, projects such as Liberty Canyon could receive a boost because Caltrans could receive mitigation credits for building a crossing that helps mountain lions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This issue also represents an opportunity for Newsom to advance his family legacy of mountain lion conservation. More than 30 years ago, his father William Newsom championed the ballot measure that banned hunting the species in California. The governor remembers licking envelopes to help promote his father’s hunting ban, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article240676261.html\">told The Sacramento Bee last year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stern talked with Newsom about his connection to mountain lions when they toured the site for the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing almost two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is how he and a lot of other people connect to nature,” Stern said. “He was out there with his dad helping get the original mountain lion ballot initiative passed ... and he wanted to run around in the wilderness with me ... and you could tell, it woke up the kid in him.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 11, 2024.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#anchor1\">Ver los recursos en español.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a list of KQED’s resources, explainers and how-to posts related to wildfires in California. Bookmark this page, or send it to someone you think will benefit from this information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(We’ve deliberately kept this page free of images so that it loads faster for you, which may be helpful in a situation where you’re dealing with poor internet/cellphone coverage.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Related: See all of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires/\">KQED’s wildfire coverage\u003c/a>.\u003cbr />\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Live Maps\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834132/see-where-wildfires-are-burning-in-california\">See Where Wildfires Are Burning in California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1930023/map-heres-your-daily-air-quality-report-for-the-bay-area\">Your Current Air Quality Report for the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1950931/map-pge-power-outages\">Current PG&E Power Outages in Northern California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Evacuation and Emergency Communications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11833686/what-to-pack-in-your-emergency-bag-with-covid-19-in-mind\">What to Pack in Your Emergency Bag to Prepare for a Wildfire\u003cbr />\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834901/fire-evacuation-what-actually-happens-and-how-can-you-plan\">Fire Evacuation: What Actually Happens? And How Can You Plan?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840047/during-a-disaster-your-phone-might-stop-working-how-can-you-communicate\">During a Wildfire, Your Phone Might Stop Working. How Can You Communicate? \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840375/animal-evacuation-during-a-wildfire-how-to-plan-and-where-to-go\">Animal Evacuation During a Wildfire: How to Plan And Where To Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11624317/wildfires-youve-got-questions-weve-got-answers\">What Does It Mean to ‘Contain’ a Wildfire? And More Answers to Your Questions\u003cbr />\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Information About Power Shutoffs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11836990/pge-shutoffs-are-here-again-what-to-know-about-power-outages-today\">PG&E Shutoffs: What to Know About Power Outages in the Bay Area \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1950931/map-potential-pge-power-outage-wednesday\">Map: Current PG&E Power Outages in Northern California \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Protecting Yourself From Wildfire Smoke\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1930023/map-heres-your-daily-air-quality-report-for-the-bay-area\">Map: Here’s Your Current Air Quality Report for the Bay Area\u003c/a> \u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926793/protecting-your-health-from-toxic-wildfire-smoke\">When Air Quality Is Bad, How Can You Protect Yourself Against Wildfire Smoke?\u003cbr />\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834305/masks-for-smoke-and-covid-19-what-kind-is-best\">Which Mask Should I Wear for Wildfire Smoke?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Preparing Yourself, Family and Home For Wildfire\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1965575/and-now-fire-season-heres-how-to-prepare\">Wildfire Season Just Got Worse. Here’s How to Prepare Your Home\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11833686/what-to-pack-in-your-emergency-bag-with-covid-19-in-mind\">What to Pack in Your Emergency Bag to Prepare For a Wildfire\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1917346/wildfires-can-attack-your-house-from-the-inside-heres-how-to-prevent-it\">Wildfires Can Attack Your House From the Inside — Here’s How to Prevent It\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968093/disaster-planning-in-nursing-homes-the-questions-to-ask-your-loved-ones-facility\">Disaster Planning in Nursing Homes: The Questions to Ask Your Loved One’s Facility \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>The Emotional Impacts of Wildfire on Survivors and Families\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11628364/how-to-help-a-friend-who-lost-their-home-in-a-wildfire\">How to Help a Friend Who Lost Their Home in a Fire\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11624597/parenting-through-disaster-advice-from-a-mom-who-did-it\">Parenting Through Disaster: Tips From a Mom Who Did It \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11766885/from-pain-to-purpose-5-ways-to-cope-in-the-wake-of-trauma\">From Pain to Purpose: 5 Ways to Cope in the Wake of Trauma\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11764070/how-to-talk-with-kids-after-a-traumatic-event\">How to Talk With Kids After a Traumatic Event \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr />\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"anchor1\">\u003c/a>Recursos para incendios forestales de KQED\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp>Esta es una lista de los recursos, explicaciones y publicaciones de KQED sobre los incendios forestales en California. Marque esta página o envíela a alguien que usted cree puede beneficiarse de esta información.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Hemos decidido no incluir imágenes en esta página para que la información se cargue más rápido. Esto puede ser útil si usted se encuentra en una situación con poca cobertura celular o señal de internet).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Relacionado: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires/\">Vea toda la cobertura de KQED sobre los incendios forestales\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> (sólo en inglés).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Mapas en vivo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834530/vea-donde-estan-sucediendo-los-incendios-en-california\">Vea dónde arden los incendios forestales en California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Informe actual sobre la calidad del aire en el Área de la Bahía\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12002735/mapa-apagones-actuales-de-pge-en-el-norte-de-california\">Cortes de energía de PG&E en el norte de California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Evacuación y Comunicaciones de Emergencia\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834103/que-debo-traer-en-mi-mochila-de-emergencia-para-los-incendios-durante-covid-19\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">¿Qué debo traer en mi mochila de emergencia para los incendios?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11884668/que-ocurre-realmente-en-una-evacuacion-de-incendios-y-como-se-puede-preparar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">¿Qué ocurre realmente en una evacuación de incendios? ¿Y cómo se puede preparar?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11884929/durante-un-incendio-forestal-su-telefono-podria-dejar-de-funcionar-como-puede-comunicarse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Durante un incendio forestal, su teléfono podría dejar de funcionar ¿Cómo puede comunicarse?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Información sobre cortes de energía\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11837014/regresan-los-apagones-de-pge-aqui-lo-que-tiene-que-saber-sobre-los-cortes-de-energia\">Cortes de energía de PG&E: Qué saber sobre los cortes de energía en el Área de la Bahía\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12002735/mapa-apagones-actuales-de-pge-en-el-norte-de-california\">Mapa: Apagones actuales de PG&E en el norte de California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Cómo protegerse del humo de los incendios forestales\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968622/mapa-reporte-actual-de-la-calidad-del-aire-en-el-area-de-la-bahia\">Mapa: Reporte actual de la calidad del aire en el Área de la Bahía\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Cuando la calidad del aire es mala, ¿cómo puede protegerse contra el humo de los incendios forestales?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834866/cubrebocas-para-el-humo-y-covid-19-que-tipo-es-mejor\">¿Qué tipo de cubrebocas debo usar para el humo de incendios forestales?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Cómo preparar a la familia y al hogar para un incendio forestal\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>La temporada de incendios forestales acaba de empeorar. Aquí le mostramos como preparar su hogar\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834103/que-debo-traer-en-mi-mochila-de-emergencia-para-los-incendios-durante-covid-19\">Qué debe preparar en su bolsa de emergencia para un incendio forestal\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Los incendios forestales pueden atacar su casa desde el interior: aquí le explicamos cómo prevenirlos\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Planificación de desastres en hogares de ancianos: las preguntas que debe hacerle al centro de su ser querido\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Los recursos en español fueron traducidos por los reporteros, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/soytapatia\">María Peña\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ccabreralomeli\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí\u003c/a> y \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amorga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adriana Morga\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 11, 2024.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#anchor1\">Ver los recursos en español.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a list of KQED’s resources, explainers and how-to posts related to wildfires in California. Bookmark this page, or send it to someone you think will benefit from this information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(We’ve deliberately kept this page free of images so that it loads faster for you, which may be helpful in a situation where you’re dealing with poor internet/cellphone coverage.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Related: See all of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires/\">KQED’s wildfire coverage\u003c/a>.\u003cbr />\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Live Maps\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834132/see-where-wildfires-are-burning-in-california\">See Where Wildfires Are Burning in California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1930023/map-heres-your-daily-air-quality-report-for-the-bay-area\">Your Current Air Quality Report for the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1950931/map-pge-power-outages\">Current PG&E Power Outages in Northern California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Evacuation and Emergency Communications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11833686/what-to-pack-in-your-emergency-bag-with-covid-19-in-mind\">What to Pack in Your Emergency Bag to Prepare for a Wildfire\u003cbr />\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834901/fire-evacuation-what-actually-happens-and-how-can-you-plan\">Fire Evacuation: What Actually Happens? And How Can You Plan?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840047/during-a-disaster-your-phone-might-stop-working-how-can-you-communicate\">During a Wildfire, Your Phone Might Stop Working. How Can You Communicate? \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840375/animal-evacuation-during-a-wildfire-how-to-plan-and-where-to-go\">Animal Evacuation During a Wildfire: How to Plan And Where To Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11624317/wildfires-youve-got-questions-weve-got-answers\">What Does It Mean to ‘Contain’ a Wildfire? And More Answers to Your Questions\u003cbr />\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Information About Power Shutoffs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11836990/pge-shutoffs-are-here-again-what-to-know-about-power-outages-today\">PG&E Shutoffs: What to Know About Power Outages in the Bay Area \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1950931/map-potential-pge-power-outage-wednesday\">Map: Current PG&E Power Outages in Northern California \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Protecting Yourself From Wildfire Smoke\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1930023/map-heres-your-daily-air-quality-report-for-the-bay-area\">Map: Here’s Your Current Air Quality Report for the Bay Area\u003c/a> \u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926793/protecting-your-health-from-toxic-wildfire-smoke\">When Air Quality Is Bad, How Can You Protect Yourself Against Wildfire Smoke?\u003cbr />\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834305/masks-for-smoke-and-covid-19-what-kind-is-best\">Which Mask Should I Wear for Wildfire Smoke?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Preparing Yourself, Family and Home For Wildfire\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1965575/and-now-fire-season-heres-how-to-prepare\">Wildfire Season Just Got Worse. Here’s How to Prepare Your Home\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11833686/what-to-pack-in-your-emergency-bag-with-covid-19-in-mind\">What to Pack in Your Emergency Bag to Prepare For a Wildfire\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1917346/wildfires-can-attack-your-house-from-the-inside-heres-how-to-prevent-it\">Wildfires Can Attack Your House From the Inside — Here’s How to Prevent It\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968093/disaster-planning-in-nursing-homes-the-questions-to-ask-your-loved-ones-facility\">Disaster Planning in Nursing Homes: The Questions to Ask Your Loved One’s Facility \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>The Emotional Impacts of Wildfire on Survivors and Families\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11628364/how-to-help-a-friend-who-lost-their-home-in-a-wildfire\">How to Help a Friend Who Lost Their Home in a Fire\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11624597/parenting-through-disaster-advice-from-a-mom-who-did-it\">Parenting Through Disaster: Tips From a Mom Who Did It \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11766885/from-pain-to-purpose-5-ways-to-cope-in-the-wake-of-trauma\">From Pain to Purpose: 5 Ways to Cope in the Wake of Trauma\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11764070/how-to-talk-with-kids-after-a-traumatic-event\">How to Talk With Kids After a Traumatic Event \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr />\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"anchor1\">\u003c/a>Recursos para incendios forestales de KQED\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp>Esta es una lista de los recursos, explicaciones y publicaciones de KQED sobre los incendios forestales en California. Marque esta página o envíela a alguien que usted cree puede beneficiarse de esta información.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Hemos decidido no incluir imágenes en esta página para que la información se cargue más rápido. Esto puede ser útil si usted se encuentra en una situación con poca cobertura celular o señal de internet).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Relacionado: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires/\">Vea toda la cobertura de KQED sobre los incendios forestales\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> (sólo en inglés).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Mapas en vivo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834530/vea-donde-estan-sucediendo-los-incendios-en-california\">Vea dónde arden los incendios forestales en California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Informe actual sobre la calidad del aire en el Área de la Bahía\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12002735/mapa-apagones-actuales-de-pge-en-el-norte-de-california\">Cortes de energía de PG&E en el norte de California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Evacuación y Comunicaciones de Emergencia\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834103/que-debo-traer-en-mi-mochila-de-emergencia-para-los-incendios-durante-covid-19\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">¿Qué debo traer en mi mochila de emergencia para los incendios?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11884668/que-ocurre-realmente-en-una-evacuacion-de-incendios-y-como-se-puede-preparar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">¿Qué ocurre realmente en una evacuación de incendios? ¿Y cómo se puede preparar?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11884929/durante-un-incendio-forestal-su-telefono-podria-dejar-de-funcionar-como-puede-comunicarse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Durante un incendio forestal, su teléfono podría dejar de funcionar ¿Cómo puede comunicarse?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Información sobre cortes de energía\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11837014/regresan-los-apagones-de-pge-aqui-lo-que-tiene-que-saber-sobre-los-cortes-de-energia\">Cortes de energía de PG&E: Qué saber sobre los cortes de energía en el Área de la Bahía\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12002735/mapa-apagones-actuales-de-pge-en-el-norte-de-california\">Mapa: Apagones actuales de PG&E en el norte de California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Cómo protegerse del humo de los incendios forestales\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968622/mapa-reporte-actual-de-la-calidad-del-aire-en-el-area-de-la-bahia\">Mapa: Reporte actual de la calidad del aire en el Área de la Bahía\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Cuando la calidad del aire es mala, ¿cómo puede protegerse contra el humo de los incendios forestales?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834866/cubrebocas-para-el-humo-y-covid-19-que-tipo-es-mejor\">¿Qué tipo de cubrebocas debo usar para el humo de incendios forestales?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Cómo preparar a la familia y al hogar para un incendio forestal\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>La temporada de incendios forestales acaba de empeorar. Aquí le mostramos como preparar su hogar\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11834103/que-debo-traer-en-mi-mochila-de-emergencia-para-los-incendios-durante-covid-19\">Qué debe preparar en su bolsa de emergencia para un incendio forestal\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Los incendios forestales pueden atacar su casa desde el interior: aquí le explicamos cómo prevenirlos\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Planificación de desastres en hogares de ancianos: las preguntas que debe hacerle al centro de su ser querido\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Los recursos en español fueron traducidos por los reporteros, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/soytapatia\">María Peña\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ccabreralomeli\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí\u003c/a> y \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amorga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adriana Morga\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"headTitle": "Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11880293\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final.png\" alt=\"A Mark Fiore cartoon featuring a girl in patriotic attire hammering a "no fireworks" sign into the ground. She says to a boy, "celebrating independence from the British is great and all, but now I'm more worried about independence from wildfire."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1354\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final-800x564.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final-1020x719.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final-160x113.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final-1536x1083.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shooting flaming explosives into the air during California's megadrought \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorefireworks\">may not be the best idea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 100 scientists \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.theconversation.com/static_files/files/1710/wildfire-statement-0630-0001.pdf?1625053212\">urged people\u003c/a> in the western U.S. to \"skip the fireworks this July 4th.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I like celebrating our independence as much as the next 'Merican, but let's stick with flag-waving, barbecuing and beer-drinking this Fourth of July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Shooting flaming explosives into the air during California's megadrought may not be the best idea. Over 100 scientists urged people in the western U.S. to 'skip the fireworks this July 4th.' ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11880293\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final.png\" alt=\"A Mark Fiore cartoon featuring a girl in patriotic attire hammering a "no fireworks" sign into the ground. She says to a boy, "celebrating independence from the British is great and all, but now I'm more worried about independence from wildfire."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1354\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final-800x564.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final-1020x719.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final-160x113.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/independence_070221_final-1536x1083.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shooting flaming explosives into the air during California's megadrought \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorefireworks\">may not be the best idea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 100 scientists \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.theconversation.com/static_files/files/1710/wildfire-statement-0630-0001.pdf?1625053212\">urged people\u003c/a> in the western U.S. to \"skip the fireworks this July 4th.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I like celebrating our independence as much as the next 'Merican, but let's stick with flag-waving, barbecuing and beer-drinking this Fourth of July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Owls, Swallows and Bluebirds: The Secret Allies of Farmers",
"headTitle": "Owls, Swallows and Bluebirds: The Secret Allies of Farmers | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Dennis Tamura never set out to be a bird-watcher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s been a farmer for over 35 years, and he and his wife grow organic vegetables and flowers on Blue Heron Farms outside Watsonville. But birds have become a part of the farm’s ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 15 years ago, a bird-loving neighbor put up small wooden bird boxes on the fence posts that line Blue Heron Farms, and Tamura just started noticing the tree swallows and Western bluebirds that came to visit. Today, he points out a fluffy baby tree swallow, its comically large yellow mouth peeking out of a hole in the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parents come by and you’ll see that their mouth is always wide open. ‘Hey, come on! I’m hungry!’ ” he said with a laugh. “It’s always kind of fun to watch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880219\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1919px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11880219 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A person stands in a field looking off camera.\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut.jpg 1919w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmer Dennis Tamura stands in one of his farm’s fields on June 10, 2021. Tamura says having the barn owls, tree swallows and Western bluebirds nest in boxes on his farm has done more than just offer pest control. They help him see his farm more deeply. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Their habit is to just fly and dart around pretty low because they’re snagging insects on the fly. And then they swoop in and feed — boom — immediately, and then they turn around and go back out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just like he described, a handsome tree swallow, with its white belly and iridescent blue back, flew low over the crops, then turned toward a bird box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They feed them instantaneously. It’s pretty interesting,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without landing, the parent put an insect in the baby’s mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One insect Tamura worries about is the flea beetle, which loves eating plants from the Brassica family, like broccoli and bok choy. Some of the damage caused by the flea beetles is just cosmetic, he said. “But sometimes they can outright kill plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right around this time of year, when the birds begin to leave, he said, “I notice that there’s a lot more flea beetle damage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the birds help with pest insects, and they’re getting something back from the farm.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Important Allies\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Those bird boxes are simple, but they’re important. \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/silent-skies-billions-of-north-american-birds-have-vanished/\">Pesticide use and habitat\u003c/a> loss shrunk the bird population in North America by almost\u003ca href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6461/120\"> 3 billion\u003c/a> since 1970. That’s nearly a 30% drop. The whole ecosystem feels that loss, since birds pollinate plants, and, like on this farm, control pest insects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Birds like tree swallows and Western bluebirds would naturally build nests in tree cavities, but the plywood boxes all over the farm are a good substitute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also work well for barn owls. In his barn, Tamura pointed out the one box where barn owls have nested the last eight years or so, and help control his top rodent problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of gophers. I mean, we trap them but there’s no way we’re going to get them all,” Tamura said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880227\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1821px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880227\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A small colorful bird flies its way to a bird box.\" width=\"1821\" height=\"1215\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut.jpg 1821w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1821px) 100vw, 1821px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On Blue Heron Farms, an adult tree swallow feeds its baby on June 10, 2021. The swallows swoop low over the fields picking off insects mid-flight. Often, they’re feeding their young flea beetles, insects that can cause damage to crops. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>White droppings and clumps of regurgitated gopher cover the barn floor. Owls eat their prey whole and cough up the fur and bones, which they can’t digest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking a look at the mess left behind by the birds, Tamura said, “Well, they eat a lot of gophers. It’s pretty astounding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='environment']Jo Ann Baumgartner runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.wildfarmalliance.org/\">Wild Farm Alliance\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that helps farmers support, and benefit from, wild nature. The organization has developed a \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/5f2c1d71822c4cb8a9ebade1206fc0d5\">Songbird Farm Trail\u003c/a> to map locations with bird boxes, monitor changes in bird population and encourage more participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to see a million bird boxes,” she said. She added little metal tags to the bird boxes on Blue Heron Farm, and will observe bird behavior here. Monitoring bird life in boxes will add to the growing citizen science and academic research about beneficial birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These studies used to be common, Baumgartner said. “Back in the 1880s, the precursor to the USDA started studying how important birds were for eating pest insects and rodents. They asked farmers to shoot birds, which you could never do today, and pickle their stomachs and mail them in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These researchers studied the birds’ stomach contents, she explains, which led to a flurry of research papers published afterward on this topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When pesticides gained wide use, Baumgartner said, these studies fell by the wayside. But, over the last two decades, researchers have started to study once again the benefits birds provide to farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt Johnson, professor at Humboldt State University, spends his days studying the relationship between birds and farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Matt Johnson, professor at Humboldt State University\"]‘A lot of that habitat is gone and has been replaced by vineyards.’[/pullquote]He said that in Napa County, where he conducts his research, “the \u003ca href=\"https://www.suscolcouncil.org/about-us/firstpeopleshistory/\">Wappo\u003c/a> were the indigenous people here. They managed this place with a lot of traditional fire, keeping it an open grassland, with huge oaks that the first European colonizers waxed poetic about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he added, “a lot of that habitat is gone and has been replaced by vineyards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880232\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1863px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880232\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man stands outside, next to a bird box. On one hand, he has his cellphone, on the other one he holds a very long pole.\" width=\"1863\" height=\"1243\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut.jpg 1863w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1863px) 100vw, 1863px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Johnson checks on his phone the live images transmitted from a GoPro camera to monitor the activity of the barn owls inside the bird boxes on March 14, 2021. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Johnson drove through a vineyard in American Canyon, stopping to check owl boxes for nests or eggs. He got out of his truck and walked towards an owl box about 15 feet off the ground and pointed out the scratches on the outside of the hole, a good sign that there’d been recent activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quietly approaching the box, he extended a painter’s pole with a GoPro camera attached to the top, which connects to his phone. Slipping the GoPro into the box, Johnson looked at his phone to get a view of what’s inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Male and female,” he whispered. “I can see an egg underneath the female. I’m going to get out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People have built birdhouses for centuries, and Johnson says that farmers from Chile to South Africa put up barn owl boxes because they’ve seen barn owls eat rodents on their farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t necessarily need a lot of scientific evidence to show that this is working. They’re seeing it on the ground,” he said. The academic research on the impact of owls on farms, however, was slim, so Johnson began the \u003ca href=\"https://www.owlresearchinstitute.org/barn-owl-research\">Barn Owl Research Project\u003c/a> in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now we have some scientific evidence,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880228\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1919px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11880228 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Images of barn owls in their boxes captured by the team at Barn Owl Research Humboldt State University.\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut.jpg 1919w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Johnson’s research team places cameras near the bird boxes it manages to keep track of the behavior of the birds. This is the inside of one of the boxes. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Matt Johnson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s team installed infrared cameras in owl boxes all over Napa Valley to monitor what owls hunted at night, and placed GPS trackers on owls to see where they hunted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Matt Johnson, professor at Humboldt State University\"]‘They don’t necessarily need a lot of scientific evidence to show that this is working. They’re seeing it on the ground.’[/pullquote]“Our estimate is that a family of barn owls removes 3,400 rodents from the landscape every year,” Johnson said. “So some of these farms, like this one that has 20 occupied boxes, you’re talking about 70,000 rodents removed every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their research showed that one-third of these rodents came directly from vineyards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This vineyard was started by the man who helped put California wines on the map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-’70s, Miljenko “Mike” Grgich was the winemaker for Chateau Montelena, \u003ca href=\"https://www.vivino.com/wine-news/the-day-california-wine-beat-the-french-and-shocked-the-world#:~:text=The%20Day%20California%20Wine%20Beat%20the%20French%20and%20Shocked%20the%20World,-By%20Michelle%20Locke&text=In%201976%2C%20Napa%20Valley's%20Chateau,wine%2C%E2%80%9D%20declared%20Robert%20Parker.\">the vineyard that beat French wine\u003c/a> in a taste test that became known as the Judgement of Paris. He went on to start \u003ca href=\"https://www.grgich.com/our-story/\">Grgich Hills Estate\u003c/a>, where his nephew, \u003ca href=\"https://www.grgich.com/our-story/people/\">Ivo Jeramaz\u003c/a>, continues the winemaking tradition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Johnson checked the barn owl boxes, Jeramaz walked by and said he’d love to add more to his vineyards. Johnson explained that after analyzing this season’s data, his team can point out new locations that owls would probably like.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘Conservation With People’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, Johnson met up with three grad students at another Napa vineyard to collect data and place ID bands on barn owls to study them for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They walked down to a box, wearing headlamps. First, they checked the owl box. Next, they set a trap for an adult returning to feed its young. The box is designed, Johnson explained, so that when an owl enters it, a little door swings shut and LED lights turn on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a short wait, they all see movement. “So an adult owl flew in,” said Johnson. “We think it might be the female. She landed on the box and she’s … .”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before he finished his sentence, the light turned on. “Oh, there she is. She’s inside! Let’s go!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team quickly walked down to the box, set up a ladder and listened in to the parent feeding baby owls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making sure the adult didn’t escape from the side door, Johnson asked one of the graduate students to shine a light inside the box while he reached in with a gloved hand to grab the owl’s feet and pull it from the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The owl appeared, with its white wings spread wide out from its heart-shaped face. They put a little hood over its head to calm it down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880230\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1919px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11880230 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A person ties an ID band around the leg of a barn owl at night.\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut.jpg 1919w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Laura Echávez, member of Matt Johnson’s research team, attaches a USGS metal ID band on a barn owl on March 30, 2021. After carefully taking measurements, the team makes sure to return each owl to its birdbox. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When they got back to the truck, graduate student \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.humboldt.edu/graduate-students/laura-ech%C3%A1vez\">Laura Echávez\u003c/a> said that the next step is to take a metal band issued by the U.S. Geological Survey and place it around the foot of the owl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She held the owl with confidence and tenderness, talking to it softly as she secured the metal band. “Can you lift your head a little buddy?” she said. “There, perfect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, after about 20 minutes of taking measurements and photos for their research, the team returned the owl to the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson hopes his team’s research can highlight the reciprocal relationship between farmers and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barn owls are one species that depend on oak trees, using the big cavities around the tree’s trunk to build nests. But with the growth of the vineyards and other development, many oak trees in this valley have disappeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When farmers put up these nesting boxes, it’s amazing,” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s an old conservation model where the idea is that we need to protect nature from people, and just lock it away and keep people out,” he explained. The flip side would be conserving nature exclusively for people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Neither of those is really quite right. I think we should think about conservation \u003ci>with\u003c/i> people, you know, understanding that we are part of the ecosystem and we do things that negatively affect some species,” Johnson said. “We can also do some things that help species survive and they in return can help us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880229\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1919px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11880229 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A group of infant owls gather inside a birdbox.\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut.jpg 1919w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Researcher Matt Johnson explains that through his research he’s learned more about how much birds contribute to the well-being of humans, and ways humans can give back. A group of infant barn owls gather inside one of the bird boxes, in an image captured by the Humboldt State University barn owl research team. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Matt Johnson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>‘They’re Welcome to Be Here’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Back at Blue Heron Farms outside Watsonville, farmer Dennis Tamura says that having the barn owls, tree swallows and Western bluebirds nest in boxes on his farm has done more than just offer pest control — they help him see his farm more deeply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seeing what you’re looking at, it’s different than just looking and watching,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re welcome to be here because there’s plenty of food, as far as I can tell. For me, they just enhance the whole environment. And obviously they do some help for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, I pointed out, he provides a home for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah,” he said with a laugh, “I guess you could say that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That seems like a pretty fair trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece was produced in collaboration with the\u003ca href=\"http://thefern.org/\"> Food & Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>, a nonprofit, investigative news organization. The author produced the story while in residence at \u003ca href=\"https://tskw.org/#\">The Studios of Key West\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Dennis Tamura never set out to be a bird-watcher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s been a farmer for over 35 years, and he and his wife grow organic vegetables and flowers on Blue Heron Farms outside Watsonville. But birds have become a part of the farm’s ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 15 years ago, a bird-loving neighbor put up small wooden bird boxes on the fence posts that line Blue Heron Farms, and Tamura just started noticing the tree swallows and Western bluebirds that came to visit. Today, he points out a fluffy baby tree swallow, its comically large yellow mouth peeking out of a hole in the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parents come by and you’ll see that their mouth is always wide open. ‘Hey, come on! I’m hungry!’ ” he said with a laugh. “It’s always kind of fun to watch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880219\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1919px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11880219 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A person stands in a field looking off camera.\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut.jpg 1919w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50180_IMG_6868-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmer Dennis Tamura stands in one of his farm’s fields on June 10, 2021. Tamura says having the barn owls, tree swallows and Western bluebirds nest in boxes on his farm has done more than just offer pest control. They help him see his farm more deeply. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Their habit is to just fly and dart around pretty low because they’re snagging insects on the fly. And then they swoop in and feed — boom — immediately, and then they turn around and go back out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just like he described, a handsome tree swallow, with its white belly and iridescent blue back, flew low over the crops, then turned toward a bird box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They feed them instantaneously. It’s pretty interesting,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without landing, the parent put an insect in the baby’s mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One insect Tamura worries about is the flea beetle, which loves eating plants from the Brassica family, like broccoli and bok choy. Some of the damage caused by the flea beetles is just cosmetic, he said. “But sometimes they can outright kill plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right around this time of year, when the birds begin to leave, he said, “I notice that there’s a lot more flea beetle damage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the birds help with pest insects, and they’re getting something back from the farm.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Important Allies\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Those bird boxes are simple, but they’re important. \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/silent-skies-billions-of-north-american-birds-have-vanished/\">Pesticide use and habitat\u003c/a> loss shrunk the bird population in North America by almost\u003ca href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6461/120\"> 3 billion\u003c/a> since 1970. That’s nearly a 30% drop. The whole ecosystem feels that loss, since birds pollinate plants, and, like on this farm, control pest insects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Birds like tree swallows and Western bluebirds would naturally build nests in tree cavities, but the plywood boxes all over the farm are a good substitute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also work well for barn owls. In his barn, Tamura pointed out the one box where barn owls have nested the last eight years or so, and help control his top rodent problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of gophers. I mean, we trap them but there’s no way we’re going to get them all,” Tamura said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880227\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1821px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880227\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A small colorful bird flies its way to a bird box.\" width=\"1821\" height=\"1215\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut.jpg 1821w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50182_IMG_6870-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1821px) 100vw, 1821px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On Blue Heron Farms, an adult tree swallow feeds its baby on June 10, 2021. The swallows swoop low over the fields picking off insects mid-flight. Often, they’re feeding their young flea beetles, insects that can cause damage to crops. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>White droppings and clumps of regurgitated gopher cover the barn floor. Owls eat their prey whole and cough up the fur and bones, which they can’t digest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking a look at the mess left behind by the birds, Tamura said, “Well, they eat a lot of gophers. It’s pretty astounding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Jo Ann Baumgartner runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.wildfarmalliance.org/\">Wild Farm Alliance\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that helps farmers support, and benefit from, wild nature. The organization has developed a \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/5f2c1d71822c4cb8a9ebade1206fc0d5\">Songbird Farm Trail\u003c/a> to map locations with bird boxes, monitor changes in bird population and encourage more participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to see a million bird boxes,” she said. She added little metal tags to the bird boxes on Blue Heron Farm, and will observe bird behavior here. Monitoring bird life in boxes will add to the growing citizen science and academic research about beneficial birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These studies used to be common, Baumgartner said. “Back in the 1880s, the precursor to the USDA started studying how important birds were for eating pest insects and rodents. They asked farmers to shoot birds, which you could never do today, and pickle their stomachs and mail them in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These researchers studied the birds’ stomach contents, she explains, which led to a flurry of research papers published afterward on this topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When pesticides gained wide use, Baumgartner said, these studies fell by the wayside. But, over the last two decades, researchers have started to study once again the benefits birds provide to farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt Johnson, professor at Humboldt State University, spends his days studying the relationship between birds and farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘A lot of that habitat is gone and has been replaced by vineyards.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He said that in Napa County, where he conducts his research, “the \u003ca href=\"https://www.suscolcouncil.org/about-us/firstpeopleshistory/\">Wappo\u003c/a> were the indigenous people here. They managed this place with a lot of traditional fire, keeping it an open grassland, with huge oaks that the first European colonizers waxed poetic about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he added, “a lot of that habitat is gone and has been replaced by vineyards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880232\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1863px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880232\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man stands outside, next to a bird box. On one hand, he has his cellphone, on the other one he holds a very long pole.\" width=\"1863\" height=\"1243\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut.jpg 1863w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50177_IMG_5369-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1863px) 100vw, 1863px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Johnson checks on his phone the live images transmitted from a GoPro camera to monitor the activity of the barn owls inside the bird boxes on March 14, 2021. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Johnson drove through a vineyard in American Canyon, stopping to check owl boxes for nests or eggs. He got out of his truck and walked towards an owl box about 15 feet off the ground and pointed out the scratches on the outside of the hole, a good sign that there’d been recent activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quietly approaching the box, he extended a painter’s pole with a GoPro camera attached to the top, which connects to his phone. Slipping the GoPro into the box, Johnson looked at his phone to get a view of what’s inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Male and female,” he whispered. “I can see an egg underneath the female. I’m going to get out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People have built birdhouses for centuries, and Johnson says that farmers from Chile to South Africa put up barn owl boxes because they’ve seen barn owls eat rodents on their farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t necessarily need a lot of scientific evidence to show that this is working. They’re seeing it on the ground,” he said. The academic research on the impact of owls on farms, however, was slim, so Johnson began the \u003ca href=\"https://www.owlresearchinstitute.org/barn-owl-research\">Barn Owl Research Project\u003c/a> in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now we have some scientific evidence,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880228\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1919px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11880228 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Images of barn owls in their boxes captured by the team at Barn Owl Research Humboldt State University.\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut.jpg 1919w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50186_IMG_6722-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Johnson’s research team places cameras near the bird boxes it manages to keep track of the behavior of the birds. This is the inside of one of the boxes. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Matt Johnson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s team installed infrared cameras in owl boxes all over Napa Valley to monitor what owls hunted at night, and placed GPS trackers on owls to see where they hunted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Our estimate is that a family of barn owls removes 3,400 rodents from the landscape every year,” Johnson said. “So some of these farms, like this one that has 20 occupied boxes, you’re talking about 70,000 rodents removed every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their research showed that one-third of these rodents came directly from vineyards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This vineyard was started by the man who helped put California wines on the map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-’70s, Miljenko “Mike” Grgich was the winemaker for Chateau Montelena, \u003ca href=\"https://www.vivino.com/wine-news/the-day-california-wine-beat-the-french-and-shocked-the-world#:~:text=The%20Day%20California%20Wine%20Beat%20the%20French%20and%20Shocked%20the%20World,-By%20Michelle%20Locke&text=In%201976%2C%20Napa%20Valley's%20Chateau,wine%2C%E2%80%9D%20declared%20Robert%20Parker.\">the vineyard that beat French wine\u003c/a> in a taste test that became known as the Judgement of Paris. He went on to start \u003ca href=\"https://www.grgich.com/our-story/\">Grgich Hills Estate\u003c/a>, where his nephew, \u003ca href=\"https://www.grgich.com/our-story/people/\">Ivo Jeramaz\u003c/a>, continues the winemaking tradition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Johnson checked the barn owl boxes, Jeramaz walked by and said he’d love to add more to his vineyards. Johnson explained that after analyzing this season’s data, his team can point out new locations that owls would probably like.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘Conservation With People’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, Johnson met up with three grad students at another Napa vineyard to collect data and place ID bands on barn owls to study them for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They walked down to a box, wearing headlamps. First, they checked the owl box. Next, they set a trap for an adult returning to feed its young. The box is designed, Johnson explained, so that when an owl enters it, a little door swings shut and LED lights turn on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a short wait, they all see movement. “So an adult owl flew in,” said Johnson. “We think it might be the female. She landed on the box and she’s … .”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before he finished his sentence, the light turned on. “Oh, there she is. She’s inside! Let’s go!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team quickly walked down to the box, set up a ladder and listened in to the parent feeding baby owls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making sure the adult didn’t escape from the side door, Johnson asked one of the graduate students to shine a light inside the box while he reached in with a gloved hand to grab the owl’s feet and pull it from the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The owl appeared, with its white wings spread wide out from its heart-shaped face. They put a little hood over its head to calm it down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880230\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1919px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11880230 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A person ties an ID band around the leg of a barn owl at night.\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut.jpg 1919w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50178_IMG_5447-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Laura Echávez, member of Matt Johnson’s research team, attaches a USGS metal ID band on a barn owl on March 30, 2021. After carefully taking measurements, the team makes sure to return each owl to its birdbox. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When they got back to the truck, graduate student \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.humboldt.edu/graduate-students/laura-ech%C3%A1vez\">Laura Echávez\u003c/a> said that the next step is to take a metal band issued by the U.S. Geological Survey and place it around the foot of the owl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She held the owl with confidence and tenderness, talking to it softly as she secured the metal band. “Can you lift your head a little buddy?” she said. “There, perfect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, after about 20 minutes of taking measurements and photos for their research, the team returned the owl to the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson hopes his team’s research can highlight the reciprocal relationship between farmers and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barn owls are one species that depend on oak trees, using the big cavities around the tree’s trunk to build nests. But with the growth of the vineyards and other development, many oak trees in this valley have disappeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When farmers put up these nesting boxes, it’s amazing,” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s an old conservation model where the idea is that we need to protect nature from people, and just lock it away and keep people out,” he explained. The flip side would be conserving nature exclusively for people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Neither of those is really quite right. I think we should think about conservation \u003ci>with\u003c/i> people, you know, understanding that we are part of the ecosystem and we do things that negatively affect some species,” Johnson said. “We can also do some things that help species survive and they in return can help us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880229\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1919px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11880229 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A group of infant owls gather inside a birdbox.\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut.jpg 1919w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50187_IMG_7141-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Researcher Matt Johnson explains that through his research he’s learned more about how much birds contribute to the well-being of humans, and ways humans can give back. A group of infant barn owls gather inside one of the bird boxes, in an image captured by the Humboldt State University barn owl research team. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Matt Johnson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>‘They’re Welcome to Be Here’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Back at Blue Heron Farms outside Watsonville, farmer Dennis Tamura says that having the barn owls, tree swallows and Western bluebirds nest in boxes on his farm has done more than just offer pest control — they help him see his farm more deeply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seeing what you’re looking at, it’s different than just looking and watching,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re welcome to be here because there’s plenty of food, as far as I can tell. For me, they just enhance the whole environment. And obviously they do some help for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, I pointed out, he provides a home for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah,” he said with a laugh, “I guess you could say that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That seems like a pretty fair trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece was produced in collaboration with the\u003ca href=\"http://thefern.org/\"> Food & Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>, a nonprofit, investigative news organization. The author produced the story while in residence at \u003ca href=\"https://tskw.org/#\">The Studios of Key West\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11880187\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final.png\" alt='A Mark Fiore cartoon showing a door with many deadbolts and locks and a speakeasy style window. The first sign on the door says, \"Fire Victim Trust, Department of Transparency.\" There are two additional, handmade-looking signs that say \"keep out\" and \"shhh, come back later.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1370\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final-800x571.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final-1020x728.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final-160x114.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final-1536x1096.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E left Chapter 11 bankruptcy a year ago, but spending by the Fire Victim Trust is \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioretrusttransparency\">still a mystery\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trust was created as part of a $13.5 billion settlement that is supposed to compensate victims of wildfires sparked by PG&E equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To date fewer than 3% of the wildfire survivors have had their claims fully processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Fire Victim Trust administrators, lawyers and consultants are collecting millions in fees, with the head of the trust, retired California Appeals Court Justice John Trotter, billing $150,000 per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(After \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875034/frustration-and-tears-as-camp-fire-survivors-protest-pge-fire-trust\">facing criticism\u003c/a> for billing $1,500 an hour, the poor guy decided to take a pay cut.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "PG&E left Chapter 11 bankruptcy a year ago, but spending by the Fire Victim Trust is still a mystery.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11880187\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final.png\" alt='A Mark Fiore cartoon showing a door with many deadbolts and locks and a speakeasy style window. The first sign on the door says, \"Fire Victim Trust, Department of Transparency.\" There are two additional, handmade-looking signs that say \"keep out\" and \"shhh, come back later.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1370\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final-800x571.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final-1020x728.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final-160x114.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/transparencynew_070121_final-1536x1096.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E left Chapter 11 bankruptcy a year ago, but spending by the Fire Victim Trust is \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioretrusttransparency\">still a mystery\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trust was created as part of a $13.5 billion settlement that is supposed to compensate victims of wildfires sparked by PG&E equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To date fewer than 3% of the wildfire survivors have had their claims fully processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Fire Victim Trust administrators, lawyers and consultants are collecting millions in fees, with the head of the trust, retired California Appeals Court Justice John Trotter, billing $150,000 per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(After \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11875034/frustration-and-tears-as-camp-fire-survivors-protest-pge-fire-trust\">facing criticism\u003c/a> for billing $1,500 an hour, the poor guy decided to take a pay cut.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "i-cant-abandon-this-community-months-after-czu-fires-survivors-struggle-to-rebuild",
"title": "'I Can't Abandon This Community': Months After CZU Fires, Survivors Struggle to Rebuild",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]ylvie Fraley describes the home she lived in with her mother and younger sister in the Santa Cruz Mountains community of Bonny Doon as “incredibly unique.” Her mom, Leigh-Anne Lehrman said “it was built by hippies, for sure.” Not only was it a beautiful home, but it had become a community gathering space — the place every high school after-prom party was hosted, every graduation, and every birthday, even special occasions for those outside their family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of Aug. 15, 2020, the power went out at Fraley’s home as rare \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11833586/photos-rare-august-thunderstorm-sees-lightning-streak-across-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lightning storms\u003c/a> approached. Then 18 years old, she was home with her younger sister while her mom stayed in Woodside undergoing cancer treatment. Fraley, bored without electricity, busied herself by walking through the house collecting items, just in case they would need to leave — if the lightning storms ignited a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only reason we took anything was because I was bored and had nothing else to do except to walk through the house and put stuff in a trash bag,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family is familiar with fire — in 2017, Fraley’s grandfather lost his North Bay home in the deadly and massively destructive \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tubbs-fire/\">Tubbs Fire\u003c/a>. Still, when Fraley and her sister left in the early hours of Aug. 16, after her mom sent a neighbor to look for them, they fully expected to return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time many people woke up on Aug. 16, the widespread lightning storms had ignited numerous fires in and around the Santa Cruz Mountains, blazes that would later become known as the CZU Lightning Complex fires. In a March 2021 community meeting, Cal Fire said the CZU fires were the largest in the recorded history of Santa Cruz County. They killed one person, forced the evacuation of over 77,000 people in Santa Cruz and San Mateo counties and destroyed 911 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after the CZU fires began, just a few miles away from Fraley’s home in the San Lorenzo Valley, Antoñia Bradford rushed around her house gathering her kids and dogs while frantically texting her husband who was in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I packed up my five kids and my two dogs and grabbed my father’s ashes and some paintings,” Bradford said, but, “the way that we were reading things, the fire was moving away from us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of days later, Bradford’s home – and Fraley’s – had been transformed into rubble and ash.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘I Can’t Abandon This Community’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Over 10 months after the CZU fires, many are still working to process and rebuild their lives — both physically and emotionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bradford, who has lived in the Santa Cruz Mountains for 13 years and appreciates how down-to-earth people are, is still mourning the losses. But she is committed to staying and rebuilding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t even express how challenging it is. The grief is so deep,” she said. “I can’t abandon this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Leigh-Anne Lehrman, CZU fires survivor\"]‘Of all the things we lost in 2020, and there were a lot of them, the thing that I miss the most — that I don’t think I’ll ever, ever replicate in my life — is our community up there.’[/pullquote]A few days before KQED spoke to her, Bradford said a neighbor had dropped off soup for her — someone she had never met before. “The people here are amazing, and I feel like I would be really hard pressed to find that anywhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leigh-Anne Lehrman, Fraley’s mom, ranked the loss of community as the one she feels most keenly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of all the things we lost in 2020, and there were a lot of them, the thing that I miss the most — that I don’t think I’ll ever, ever replicate in my life — is our community up there,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Priced Out\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fraley and Lehrman, who were renters, said they were priced out after losing their home to the CZU fires. Lehrman said they had a hard time finding a place, even though they had financial assistance in the form of insurance money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rent’s just shot up,” she said, adding that they were lucky to have found the place they did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lehrman said it was the 40th place she contacted before someone responded. If they didn’t have the insurance money, she said there’s no way they would be able to afford it. Since the fire, she’s been renting a place in Aptos for $6,500 per month. The Bonny Doon home she rented before it burned cost $3,000 per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just the cost of rent that’s kept her away from her close-knit community. Lehrman said she hasn’t been back to the neighborhood since the fires for personal reasons. “I’ve chosen not to ever go back up there,” she said. She doesn’t want to ruin the memories she has.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Gone in an Instant’ – Loss of Home, and Income\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For others, the fires took away not only a home, but a source of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am 76 years old, disabled, a lung cancer survivor, and I will probably end up living in a trailer,” said CZU fires survivor Catherine Wilson. She has owned her home since she was 23. “I worked my whole life to have the property I had in Boulder Creek,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Catherine Wilson, CZU fires survivor\"]‘I believe that people who can’t afford to rebuild will sell for what they can get, and this county will become a county of rich people.’[/pullquote]Wilson’s property consists of a third of an acre with an 800-square-foot one-bedroom house that she used as her own residence, and a smaller one-bedroom cabin she rented out. Both structures were completely destroyed by fire. She told KQED she had no mortgage payments and said the cabin rent basically served as her pension.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson had insurance for both structures – but despite receiving policy limits for both homes, she said it may not be enough to rebuild even one structure. Even if she is able to rebuild one house, she said she’ll probably have to sell because she’s lost her income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11873799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Catherine Wilson stands on the Boulder Creek property where her home and a smaller cabin once stood, on April 9, 2021. Both were destroyed by the CZU fires last August. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wilson applied to the Federal Emergency Management Agency for assistance, but got sent to the Small Business Administration since FEMA said she was a business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SBA then bounced her back and forth between its homeowner and business sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I qualified for $40,000 but it had to be spent only on personal property and only after I have used my insurance proceeds,” she said. “Here’s the thing: I need a house before I can buy any personal property to put into it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873445\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11873445\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Catherine Wilson holds the only item she was able to recover from her home – a sword – after the CZU fires destroyed both her home and her rental cabin last August. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wilson is continuing to work on the rebuilding process, but she’s not sure if she’ll ever be able to get back to the life she had before — a secure residence she could live in, and a small income from her rental property that provided enough to live on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took me 50 years to get those things,” she said. “And they were gone in an instant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Challenges to Rebuilding\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Wilson said there are many CZU fire survivors worse off than she is, and she worries that for many, the county approvals and regulations necessary to rebuild will prove insurmountable barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that people who can’t afford to rebuild will sell for what they can get, and this county will become a county of rich people,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the challenging topography of the Santa Cruz Mountains, many fire survivors must undergo a geologic survey of their properties – conducted by the county – before they can rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fire-burned soil doesn’t hold together and doesn’t cling to the hillside,” said Kirsten Flynn, a fire survivor who has been working to rebuild a family home in Boulder Creek that was used as a rental for the last few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jason Hoppin, communications manager for Santa Cruz County, echoed Flynn in describing how after a big fire, the ground is unable to absorb water and rainfall can create rivers of mud and debris flows, “which have the capability of taking out cars, houses and lives — anything in its path.” So these geologic surveys are essential to ensure the ground is ready to be rebuilt on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoppin said the risk from debris flow can be greater than the fire itself. A more in-depth explanation of debris flow can be found on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacruzcounty.us/FireRecovery/DebrisFlow.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">county website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Flynn and many others hoping to rebuild, the geologic surveys have delayed them from moving to the next step in the process. Depending on the complexity of a property, survey fees can add up to thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kirsten Flynn, CZU fire survivor on the complicated rebuilding process\"]‘It’s like the worst game of Chutes and Ladders you have ever played.’[/pullquote]In addition to the geologic survey, homeowners must also pass a county-conducted fire safety check to ensure the fire department would be able to safely access the building in a future emergency, in addition to an environmental health assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn said the fire safety, environmental and geologic pre-clearances cost her $1,254. But for final clearances it can cost much more. Bradford said costs can skyrocket to over $5,000 if the county requires advanced surveys by an outside geologist in addition to the county review fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s issues beyond what we can control,” Flynn said. “It’s not like just getting a plan and building something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make things slightly more complicated, the environmental health assessment is conducted by the same overburdened county department that has been handling the county’s response to COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A catastrophe [the fire] occurred, on top of a global pandemic,” said Flynn. “For different reasons. The county is struggling and the fire victims are struggling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to clearly track all of the labyrinthine steps she’s had to go through, Flynn created a graphic to share with others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like the worst game of Chutes and Ladders you have ever played,” she said, describing the nightmare process of getting all the checks needed to rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876469\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 631px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876469\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Flow-chart-to-rebuild7.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"631\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Flow-chart-to-rebuild7.jpeg 631w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Flow-chart-to-rebuild7-160x122.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 631px) 100vw, 631px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CZU fires survivor Kirsten Flynn created this flow chart to illustrate the complexity of the rebuilding process. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kirsten Flynn)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For others, like Brian and Emma Dean, who lost their Boulder Creek home to the CZU fires, the cost of materials is proving another barrier to rebuilding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Deans got insurance money and are in the process of rebuilding – but because of the significant increase in the cost of lumber (\u003ca href=\"https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/lumber-price-outlook-futures-shortage-demand-commodity-inflation-2021-6-1030537230\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">up 400% at some points over the past year\u003c/a>), the insurance doesn’t cover their current rebuilding cost estimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the beginning of June, Brian Dean estimated they’re short up to $300,000 – almost double the original rebuilding estimate they received. They’re waiting for lumber prices to go down before they attempt to rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873449\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873449\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brian and Emma Dean hold a photo of their house at the property in Boulder Creek on April 9, 2021, where the home stood before it was destroyed by the CZU Lighting Complex fire. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On top of all of this are proposed \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/2021/03/06/santa-cruz-community-pushes-for-answers-on-fire-regulations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">draft fire safety rules from the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When finalized, those regulations could significantly impact how fire survivors across the state can rebuild. In the Santa Cruz Mountains, the regulations could result in new guidelines on how wide the region’s notoriously narrow, winding residential roads need to be in order to safely accommodate emergency vehicles – and additional costs could wind up being the responsibility of homeowners. Public comment on the draft regulations \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/2021/04/27/coast-line-comment-period-opened-on-fire-safe-regs/\">just closed on June 22\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My fear is that the longer you wait, the more politics there will be,” Brian Dean said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Preparing for the Future\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As California’s drought continues to worsen and temperatures increase over the summer, fuel moisture levels in many areas are far lower than usual for this time of year. Researchers who have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975505/bone-dry-bay-area-forests-portend-fierce-fire-season\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">measuring moisture levels\u003c/a> in the forest and chaparral of the Santa Cruz Mountains said levels are lower than they’ve ever seen since they began measuring eight years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1975505 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/06/RS50133_GettyImages-610889522-qut-1020x627.jpg']In mid-April, Santa Cruz County launched a new \u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzcounty.us/OR3.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">disaster preparedness website\u003c/a>, which provides resources and information on ongoing recovery efforts, as well as how to prepare for a disaster. The site will also be a home for information on county efforts on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire Deputy Chief Nate Armstrong said San Mateo and Santa Cruz counties have taken proactive steps regarding prevention efforts. And one of the biggest local efforts is through education, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?v=311054987312700&ref=watch_permalink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">online webinars\u003c/a> as well as an increase in defensible space inspectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Bradford, who is still mourning the loss of her home while working to rebuild, she would like to see more community efforts for fire preparation. With this in mind, she started a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/735503167085946\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facebook group\u003c/a> dedicated to fire prevention in the Santa Cruz Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re choosing to live here,” she said. “We need to be proactive about what fire safety means and really engaging with nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bradford feels like the county and state have already forgotten the people that lost everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of my anxiety around all of this — I’m not seeing a proactive stance taken by the state, taken by the county to protect us,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Resources:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Santa Cruz County \u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzcounty.us/OR3.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">disaster preparedness website\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How to Help: \u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzcounty.us/OR3/About/HowYouCanHelp.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Information on donating and volunteering\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/680978849295753\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SLV Support Group for Home Loss-CZU Lightning Complex fires\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s David Marks contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Over 10 months since the CZU fires, many in the Santa Cruz Mountains are still working to process and rebuild their lives — both physically and emotionally.",
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"title": "'I Can't Abandon This Community': Months After CZU Fires, Survivors Struggle to Rebuild | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ylvie Fraley describes the home she lived in with her mother and younger sister in the Santa Cruz Mountains community of Bonny Doon as “incredibly unique.” Her mom, Leigh-Anne Lehrman said “it was built by hippies, for sure.” Not only was it a beautiful home, but it had become a community gathering space — the place every high school after-prom party was hosted, every graduation, and every birthday, even special occasions for those outside their family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of Aug. 15, 2020, the power went out at Fraley’s home as rare \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11833586/photos-rare-august-thunderstorm-sees-lightning-streak-across-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lightning storms\u003c/a> approached. Then 18 years old, she was home with her younger sister while her mom stayed in Woodside undergoing cancer treatment. Fraley, bored without electricity, busied herself by walking through the house collecting items, just in case they would need to leave — if the lightning storms ignited a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only reason we took anything was because I was bored and had nothing else to do except to walk through the house and put stuff in a trash bag,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family is familiar with fire — in 2017, Fraley’s grandfather lost his North Bay home in the deadly and massively destructive \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tubbs-fire/\">Tubbs Fire\u003c/a>. Still, when Fraley and her sister left in the early hours of Aug. 16, after her mom sent a neighbor to look for them, they fully expected to return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time many people woke up on Aug. 16, the widespread lightning storms had ignited numerous fires in and around the Santa Cruz Mountains, blazes that would later become known as the CZU Lightning Complex fires. In a March 2021 community meeting, Cal Fire said the CZU fires were the largest in the recorded history of Santa Cruz County. They killed one person, forced the evacuation of over 77,000 people in Santa Cruz and San Mateo counties and destroyed 911 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after the CZU fires began, just a few miles away from Fraley’s home in the San Lorenzo Valley, Antoñia Bradford rushed around her house gathering her kids and dogs while frantically texting her husband who was in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I packed up my five kids and my two dogs and grabbed my father’s ashes and some paintings,” Bradford said, but, “the way that we were reading things, the fire was moving away from us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of days later, Bradford’s home – and Fraley’s – had been transformed into rubble and ash.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘I Can’t Abandon This Community’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Over 10 months after the CZU fires, many are still working to process and rebuild their lives — both physically and emotionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bradford, who has lived in the Santa Cruz Mountains for 13 years and appreciates how down-to-earth people are, is still mourning the losses. But she is committed to staying and rebuilding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t even express how challenging it is. The grief is so deep,” she said. “I can’t abandon this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Of all the things we lost in 2020, and there were a lot of them, the thing that I miss the most — that I don’t think I’ll ever, ever replicate in my life — is our community up there.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A few days before KQED spoke to her, Bradford said a neighbor had dropped off soup for her — someone she had never met before. “The people here are amazing, and I feel like I would be really hard pressed to find that anywhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leigh-Anne Lehrman, Fraley’s mom, ranked the loss of community as the one she feels most keenly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of all the things we lost in 2020, and there were a lot of them, the thing that I miss the most — that I don’t think I’ll ever, ever replicate in my life — is our community up there,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Priced Out\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fraley and Lehrman, who were renters, said they were priced out after losing their home to the CZU fires. Lehrman said they had a hard time finding a place, even though they had financial assistance in the form of insurance money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rent’s just shot up,” she said, adding that they were lucky to have found the place they did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lehrman said it was the 40th place she contacted before someone responded. If they didn’t have the insurance money, she said there’s no way they would be able to afford it. Since the fire, she’s been renting a place in Aptos for $6,500 per month. The Bonny Doon home she rented before it burned cost $3,000 per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just the cost of rent that’s kept her away from her close-knit community. Lehrman said she hasn’t been back to the neighborhood since the fires for personal reasons. “I’ve chosen not to ever go back up there,” she said. She doesn’t want to ruin the memories she has.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Gone in an Instant’ – Loss of Home, and Income\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For others, the fires took away not only a home, but a source of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am 76 years old, disabled, a lung cancer survivor, and I will probably end up living in a trailer,” said CZU fires survivor Catherine Wilson. She has owned her home since she was 23. “I worked my whole life to have the property I had in Boulder Creek,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I believe that people who can’t afford to rebuild will sell for what they can get, and this county will become a county of rich people.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Wilson’s property consists of a third of an acre with an 800-square-foot one-bedroom house that she used as her own residence, and a smaller one-bedroom cabin she rented out. Both structures were completely destroyed by fire. She told KQED she had no mortgage payments and said the cabin rent basically served as her pension.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson had insurance for both structures – but despite receiving policy limits for both homes, she said it may not be enough to rebuild even one structure. Even if she is able to rebuild one house, she said she’ll probably have to sell because she’s lost her income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11873799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48509_018_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Catherine Wilson stands on the Boulder Creek property where her home and a smaller cabin once stood, on April 9, 2021. Both were destroyed by the CZU fires last August. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wilson applied to the Federal Emergency Management Agency for assistance, but got sent to the Small Business Administration since FEMA said she was a business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SBA then bounced her back and forth between its homeowner and business sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I qualified for $40,000 but it had to be spent only on personal property and only after I have used my insurance proceeds,” she said. “Here’s the thing: I need a house before I can buy any personal property to put into it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873445\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11873445\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48498_007_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Catherine Wilson holds the only item she was able to recover from her home – a sword – after the CZU fires destroyed both her home and her rental cabin last August. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wilson is continuing to work on the rebuilding process, but she’s not sure if she’ll ever be able to get back to the life she had before — a secure residence she could live in, and a small income from her rental property that provided enough to live on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took me 50 years to get those things,” she said. “And they were gone in an instant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Challenges to Rebuilding\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Wilson said there are many CZU fire survivors worse off than she is, and she worries that for many, the county approvals and regulations necessary to rebuild will prove insurmountable barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that people who can’t afford to rebuild will sell for what they can get, and this county will become a county of rich people,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the challenging topography of the Santa Cruz Mountains, many fire survivors must undergo a geologic survey of their properties – conducted by the county – before they can rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fire-burned soil doesn’t hold together and doesn’t cling to the hillside,” said Kirsten Flynn, a fire survivor who has been working to rebuild a family home in Boulder Creek that was used as a rental for the last few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jason Hoppin, communications manager for Santa Cruz County, echoed Flynn in describing how after a big fire, the ground is unable to absorb water and rainfall can create rivers of mud and debris flows, “which have the capability of taking out cars, houses and lives — anything in its path.” So these geologic surveys are essential to ensure the ground is ready to be rebuilt on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoppin said the risk from debris flow can be greater than the fire itself. A more in-depth explanation of debris flow can be found on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacruzcounty.us/FireRecovery/DebrisFlow.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">county website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Flynn and many others hoping to rebuild, the geologic surveys have delayed them from moving to the next step in the process. Depending on the complexity of a property, survey fees can add up to thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In addition to the geologic survey, homeowners must also pass a county-conducted fire safety check to ensure the fire department would be able to safely access the building in a future emergency, in addition to an environmental health assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn said the fire safety, environmental and geologic pre-clearances cost her $1,254. But for final clearances it can cost much more. Bradford said costs can skyrocket to over $5,000 if the county requires advanced surveys by an outside geologist in addition to the county review fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s issues beyond what we can control,” Flynn said. “It’s not like just getting a plan and building something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make things slightly more complicated, the environmental health assessment is conducted by the same overburdened county department that has been handling the county’s response to COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A catastrophe [the fire] occurred, on top of a global pandemic,” said Flynn. “For different reasons. The county is struggling and the fire victims are struggling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to clearly track all of the labyrinthine steps she’s had to go through, Flynn created a graphic to share with others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like the worst game of Chutes and Ladders you have ever played,” she said, describing the nightmare process of getting all the checks needed to rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876469\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 631px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876469\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Flow-chart-to-rebuild7.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"631\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Flow-chart-to-rebuild7.jpeg 631w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Flow-chart-to-rebuild7-160x122.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 631px) 100vw, 631px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CZU fires survivor Kirsten Flynn created this flow chart to illustrate the complexity of the rebuilding process. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kirsten Flynn)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For others, like Brian and Emma Dean, who lost their Boulder Creek home to the CZU fires, the cost of materials is proving another barrier to rebuilding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Deans got insurance money and are in the process of rebuilding – but because of the significant increase in the cost of lumber (\u003ca href=\"https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/lumber-price-outlook-futures-shortage-demand-commodity-inflation-2021-6-1030537230\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">up 400% at some points over the past year\u003c/a>), the insurance doesn’t cover their current rebuilding cost estimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the beginning of June, Brian Dean estimated they’re short up to $300,000 – almost double the original rebuilding estimate they received. They’re waiting for lumber prices to go down before they attempt to rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873449\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873449\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48497_006_BoulderCreek_FireVictims_04092021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brian and Emma Dean hold a photo of their house at the property in Boulder Creek on April 9, 2021, where the home stood before it was destroyed by the CZU Lighting Complex fire. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On top of all of this are proposed \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/2021/03/06/santa-cruz-community-pushes-for-answers-on-fire-regulations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">draft fire safety rules from the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When finalized, those regulations could significantly impact how fire survivors across the state can rebuild. In the Santa Cruz Mountains, the regulations could result in new guidelines on how wide the region’s notoriously narrow, winding residential roads need to be in order to safely accommodate emergency vehicles – and additional costs could wind up being the responsibility of homeowners. Public comment on the draft regulations \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/2021/04/27/coast-line-comment-period-opened-on-fire-safe-regs/\">just closed on June 22\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My fear is that the longer you wait, the more politics there will be,” Brian Dean said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Preparing for the Future\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As California’s drought continues to worsen and temperatures increase over the summer, fuel moisture levels in many areas are far lower than usual for this time of year. Researchers who have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975505/bone-dry-bay-area-forests-portend-fierce-fire-season\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">measuring moisture levels\u003c/a> in the forest and chaparral of the Santa Cruz Mountains said levels are lower than they’ve ever seen since they began measuring eight years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In mid-April, Santa Cruz County launched a new \u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzcounty.us/OR3.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">disaster preparedness website\u003c/a>, which provides resources and information on ongoing recovery efforts, as well as how to prepare for a disaster. The site will also be a home for information on county efforts on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire Deputy Chief Nate Armstrong said San Mateo and Santa Cruz counties have taken proactive steps regarding prevention efforts. And one of the biggest local efforts is through education, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?v=311054987312700&ref=watch_permalink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">online webinars\u003c/a> as well as an increase in defensible space inspectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Bradford, who is still mourning the loss of her home while working to rebuild, she would like to see more community efforts for fire preparation. With this in mind, she started a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/735503167085946\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facebook group\u003c/a> dedicated to fire prevention in the Santa Cruz Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re choosing to live here,” she said. “We need to be proactive about what fire safety means and really engaging with nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bradford feels like the county and state have already forgotten the people that lost everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of my anxiety around all of this — I’m not seeing a proactive stance taken by the state, taken by the county to protect us,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Resources:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Santa Cruz County \u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzcounty.us/OR3.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">disaster preparedness website\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How to Help: \u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzcounty.us/OR3/About/HowYouCanHelp.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Information on donating and volunteering\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/680978849295753\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SLV Support Group for Home Loss-CZU Lightning Complex fires\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s David Marks contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s been a year since Pacific Gas and Electric Company left Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. That exit deal included a promised $13.5 billion settlement to pay victims of wildfires that were caused by the company’s equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal represented the culmination of a promise to fire survivors, PG&E interim CEO Bill Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en/about/newsroom/newsdetails/index.page?title=20200701_pge_emerges_from_chapter_11\">declared\u003c/a> on July 1, 2020. “Today’s announcement is significant for PG&E and for the many wildfire victims who are now one step closer to getting paid,” he said. “Compensating these victims fairly and quickly has been our primary goal throughout these proceedings, and I am glad to say that today we funded the Fire Victim Trust for their benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a year later, public records show that a special Fire Victim Trust created to distribute the settlement has been slow to pay out victims — and quick to wrack up big bills for lawyers and consultants. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, KQED and NPR’s California Newsroom \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11872328/survivors-stuck-in-limbo-as-pge-fire-victim-trust-pays-out-50-million-in-fees&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084036887000&usg=AOvVaw0hyR-8qqeBfPKqldP6UYeX\">published an investigation\u003c/a> into spending by the Fire Victim Trust charged with compensating survivors. We found that in its first year, the trust had racked up $51 million in overhead, and distributed only $7 million to fire victims. Ninety percent of outgoing funds paid lawyers and consultants in 2020 while the vast majority of fire victims waited for help. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pace of payments has picked up this year, but as of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20982273-fvt-claims-data-report-63021-1\">June 30\u003c/a>, fewer than 3% of fire victims — 1,867 out of approximately 70,000 total — have had their claims fully processed. For now, they are getting 30% of what they were due while the Fire Victim Trust collects its fees in full. Approximately $436 million in compensation has been delivered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is still much we don’t know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To date, the Trust has refused to share its budget, a quarterly breakdown of expenses or a detailed reporting of firms and individuals the Trust has paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trust also refuses to make public other details we’ve requested, like the terms of its retention deal with attorneys \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210224005907/en/PGE-Fire-Victim-Trust-Sues-PGE-Executives-and-Officers-for-Causing-Devastating-Northern-California-Wildfires\">suing former PG&E directors and officers\u003c/a> on the Trust’s behalf. The attorney leading that lawsuit, Frank Pitre, happens to sit on the Fire Victim Trust’s court-appointed Trust Oversight Committee, as do representatives from three other law firms involved. KQED has been asking to review the Trust’s retention agreement with these attorneys since February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Scott McNutt, former California State Bar Board of Governors member and veteran bankruptcy attorney\"]‘One of the hallmarks of trust administration is transparency. That’s why they’re called trusts.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading experts told us the amount of secrecy surrounding the Trust was unusual. “One of the hallmarks of the bankruptcy process is transparency,” Scott McNutt, a former California State Bar Board of Governors member and veteran bankruptcy attorney, told KQED in May. “One of the hallmarks of trust administration is transparency. That’s why they’re called trusts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After we published our May investigation, a bipartisan group of state lawmakers asked California Attorney General Rob Bonta to probe the spending and administration of the PG&E Fire Victim Trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is outrageous,” the lawmakers wrote to Bonta, “especially in light of the fact that thousands of fire victims are struggling to rebuild their lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta’s office said it is unable to comment on, even to confirm or deny, a potential or ongoing investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Trust Says Our Reporting Is ‘Inaccurate and Uninformed.’ They Are Wrong.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the lawmakers demanded an investigation, both the Fire Victim Trust and the Trust Oversight Committee, made up primarily of mass tort attorneys, wrote to the attorney general and disputed our reporting. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fire Victim Trust is led by retired California Appeals Court Justice John Trotter, who KQED revealed billed $1,500 an hour. In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210224005907/en/PGE-Fire-Victim-Trust-Sues-PGE-Executives-and-Officers-for-Causing-Devastating-Northern-California-Wildfires\">video\u003c/a> released in response to our story, he said he had reduced his compensation to a “very adequate” salary of $150,000 a month. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More coveage\" tag=\"fire-victims-trust\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20974605-trustee-letter-to-ag-bonta-5-27-21-executed-4\">letter\u003c/a> to the attorney general, Trotter said he was “appalled by the carelessness with which it [the legislators’ letter] was written.” Without naming KQED or NPR’s California Newsroom, Trotter continued: “It appears to be influenced by a recent, inaccurate and uninformed news report with no attempt to understand the Trust’s operation or function.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20974607-trustoversightcommitteeletter&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084187566000&usg=AOvVaw0WGLrTJ-Rbvb9Ukj9L7Kpg\">letter\u003c/a>, the Trust Oversight Committee said the figures reported by KQED were “out-of-date or .. out of context.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both statements couldn’t be further from the truth, as the lengthy trail of emails between KQED and the Fire Victim Trust makes clear. We have made extensive efforts to understand the Trust’s operations and function, and have consistently brought our findings to them — through their spokespeople — so that they have the opportunity to comment and explain themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite their public attacks on our journalism, we have yet to see any legitimate examples of inaccuracies in our reporting on the Trust’s finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As spelled out below, we have done our best to provide this accounting with the limited information in the public record. We welcome any and all additional transparency by the Trust into its spending and administration. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trustee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nNo attempt was made to understand the Trust’s operation or function. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’S Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWe have gone to great lengths to familiarize ourselves with the Trust’s inner workings. We have combed through past bankruptcy court filings, hearing transcripts and correspondence from the Trust to fire victims. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve had dozens of contacts via email and by phone with the Trust’s PR firm asking detailed questions about our findings. We’ve also asked to interview the trustee, John Trotter, and the Trust’s claims administrator numerous times since our last interview with both in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also contacted all seven of the firms we identified as having been paid by the Trust. Just one responded to our inquiry. None answered questions about how much money they had received.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Again, we would welcome greater transparency into how the Trust does its work and spends its money. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trust Oversight Committee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nStating that the Trust spent almost 90% of the funds on overhead during the first year is “untrue and misleading as stated. Ninety percent of the funds in the Trust would be over $10 billion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’s Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nKQED has been clear from the first story published on the Trust’s finances that overhead comprised almost 90% of funds spent \u003cem>in its first year\u003c/em>. We have never suggested that the Trust has spent $10 billion — or anything near that amount — on overhead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trust Oversight Committee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe statement that the Fire Victim Trust accumulated over $51 million in overhead costs but allocated just $7 million to fire survivors is “based on 2020 year end data, which is now five months old, even though the Trust has released more recent data regarding payments to survivors, which demonstrated a much different picture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’s Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThat 2020 year-end data on overhead costs is the only information the Trust chose to share in its annual report, which was published four months after the end of the reporting period it chose. Since then, the Trust has continued to incur overhead expenses without reporting updated figures to the public. The Trust has regularly released updated information on payments to fire survivors, however, and KQED has used the most up-to-date figures in all of our reports. We see that the Fire Victim Trust has begun posting this information publicly to \u003ca href=\"https://www.firevictimtrust.com/Documents.aspx\">its website\u003c/a> since we published our investigation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/20792877/ltr-from-toc-to-legislature-re-fvt.pdf\">recent letter responding to state lawmakers\u003c/a>, the Trust Oversight Committee decided to come forward with the information we sought ahead of our story. Operating expenses through April of this year — pending an audit of April expenses — now top $84.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11875085\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11875085\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Survivors of the 2018 Camp Fire gather in Paradise, California, on May 22, 2021 to protest runaway overhead expenses by the PG&E Fire Victim Trust. \u003ccite>(Lily Jamali/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trust Oversight Committee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“Many people worked between January 1, 2020, and July 1, 2020 to get the Trust off the ground but until July 1 it had no funds, save an advance of $15M made by PG&E in April 2020 to cover expenses incurred from January 1 forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’s Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWe are clear in our story — and in fact, were first to report — about this “advance,” which amounts to millions of dollars paid toward startup costs in the first half of last year, which the Trust left out of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20974645-fvt-2020-annual-report\">2020 Annual Report\u003c/a>. Most of PG&E’s advance was ultimately credited back to the company, with fire victims footing the rest of the bill. It remains unclear why these costs were not included in the Fire Victim Trust’s annual report, despite KQED’s efforts to get answers ahead of publication of our first story. By our calculation, the Trust spent at least $12.7 million during the first half of last year. The Trust refuses to engage with us to confirm this calculation. PG&E has confirmed it for us. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trust Oversight Committee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe Trust needed to build a robust staff to develop a claims resolution process and root out fraud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’s Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThis and other explanations for the initially slow pace of payments have been clearly laid out in all of our stories. Despite the Fire Victim Trust’s decision to limit transparency, we have made every effort to be fair and include voices explaining why the process is taking time — even when the Trust would not provide this voice itself. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We note that an important reason for delay stems from the fact that a significant portion of compensation for fire victims came in the form of stock in PG&E itself. This rare outcome was actively supported by most members of the Trust Oversight Committee last year, as we \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11805766/pge-victims-weigh-rare-stock-funded-trust-amid-market-turmoil&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084358063000&usg=AOvVaw3wVoUySa0l_Tah06dyPGii\">reported then\u003c/a>. More importantly, fire victims themselves voiced these concerns as we reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11801571/fire-victims-ask-judge-to-reconsider-13-5-billion-pge-settlement&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084394101000&usg=AOvVaw0zrmC-iNt7w3FeZBIhOQEQ\">here\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11808826/fire-survivor-resigns-in-protest-from-pge-bankruptcy-committee&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084415239000&usg=AOvVaw22qb8ieHkyWA6ze_uvRx0G\">here\u003c/a>. Today, the tiny fraction of fire victims who have had their claims processed and paid are getting just 30% of their claim for now. In the words of the trustee \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XDLml9GEyg\">himself\u003c/a>: “We don’t know how much money we have because a substantial portion of the assets that are going to be used to pay you are in the form of common stock of Pacific Gas and Electric.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every dollar spent on overhead is a dollar not distributed to fire victims who need it. No one expects the Trust to execute the complicated task of fairly distributing billions of dollars without incurring costs. But the Fire Victim Trust has not been transparent about those costs. Fire survivors want and deserve timely, honest and clear explanations of where their settlement money is going, if not to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "One year after Pacific Gas and Electric Company emerged from bankruptcy, public records show that the special Fire Victim Trust created to distribute settlement money has been slow to pay out victims — and quick to wrack up big bills for lawyers and consultants. And there are still unknowns around the trust's spending.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s been a year since Pacific Gas and Electric Company left Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. That exit deal included a promised $13.5 billion settlement to pay victims of wildfires that were caused by the company’s equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal represented the culmination of a promise to fire survivors, PG&E interim CEO Bill Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en/about/newsroom/newsdetails/index.page?title=20200701_pge_emerges_from_chapter_11\">declared\u003c/a> on July 1, 2020. “Today’s announcement is significant for PG&E and for the many wildfire victims who are now one step closer to getting paid,” he said. “Compensating these victims fairly and quickly has been our primary goal throughout these proceedings, and I am glad to say that today we funded the Fire Victim Trust for their benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a year later, public records show that a special Fire Victim Trust created to distribute the settlement has been slow to pay out victims — and quick to wrack up big bills for lawyers and consultants. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, KQED and NPR’s California Newsroom \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11872328/survivors-stuck-in-limbo-as-pge-fire-victim-trust-pays-out-50-million-in-fees&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084036887000&usg=AOvVaw0hyR-8qqeBfPKqldP6UYeX\">published an investigation\u003c/a> into spending by the Fire Victim Trust charged with compensating survivors. We found that in its first year, the trust had racked up $51 million in overhead, and distributed only $7 million to fire victims. Ninety percent of outgoing funds paid lawyers and consultants in 2020 while the vast majority of fire victims waited for help. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pace of payments has picked up this year, but as of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20982273-fvt-claims-data-report-63021-1\">June 30\u003c/a>, fewer than 3% of fire victims — 1,867 out of approximately 70,000 total — have had their claims fully processed. For now, they are getting 30% of what they were due while the Fire Victim Trust collects its fees in full. Approximately $436 million in compensation has been delivered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is still much we don’t know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To date, the Trust has refused to share its budget, a quarterly breakdown of expenses or a detailed reporting of firms and individuals the Trust has paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trust also refuses to make public other details we’ve requested, like the terms of its retention deal with attorneys \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210224005907/en/PGE-Fire-Victim-Trust-Sues-PGE-Executives-and-Officers-for-Causing-Devastating-Northern-California-Wildfires\">suing former PG&E directors and officers\u003c/a> on the Trust’s behalf. The attorney leading that lawsuit, Frank Pitre, happens to sit on the Fire Victim Trust’s court-appointed Trust Oversight Committee, as do representatives from three other law firms involved. KQED has been asking to review the Trust’s retention agreement with these attorneys since February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘One of the hallmarks of trust administration is transparency. That’s why they’re called trusts.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading experts told us the amount of secrecy surrounding the Trust was unusual. “One of the hallmarks of the bankruptcy process is transparency,” Scott McNutt, a former California State Bar Board of Governors member and veteran bankruptcy attorney, told KQED in May. “One of the hallmarks of trust administration is transparency. That’s why they’re called trusts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After we published our May investigation, a bipartisan group of state lawmakers asked California Attorney General Rob Bonta to probe the spending and administration of the PG&E Fire Victim Trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is outrageous,” the lawmakers wrote to Bonta, “especially in light of the fact that thousands of fire victims are struggling to rebuild their lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta’s office said it is unable to comment on, even to confirm or deny, a potential or ongoing investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Trust Says Our Reporting Is ‘Inaccurate and Uninformed.’ They Are Wrong.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the lawmakers demanded an investigation, both the Fire Victim Trust and the Trust Oversight Committee, made up primarily of mass tort attorneys, wrote to the attorney general and disputed our reporting. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fire Victim Trust is led by retired California Appeals Court Justice John Trotter, who KQED revealed billed $1,500 an hour. In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210224005907/en/PGE-Fire-Victim-Trust-Sues-PGE-Executives-and-Officers-for-Causing-Devastating-Northern-California-Wildfires\">video\u003c/a> released in response to our story, he said he had reduced his compensation to a “very adequate” salary of $150,000 a month. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20974605-trustee-letter-to-ag-bonta-5-27-21-executed-4\">letter\u003c/a> to the attorney general, Trotter said he was “appalled by the carelessness with which it [the legislators’ letter] was written.” Without naming KQED or NPR’s California Newsroom, Trotter continued: “It appears to be influenced by a recent, inaccurate and uninformed news report with no attempt to understand the Trust’s operation or function.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20974607-trustoversightcommitteeletter&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084187566000&usg=AOvVaw0WGLrTJ-Rbvb9Ukj9L7Kpg\">letter\u003c/a>, the Trust Oversight Committee said the figures reported by KQED were “out-of-date or .. out of context.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both statements couldn’t be further from the truth, as the lengthy trail of emails between KQED and the Fire Victim Trust makes clear. We have made extensive efforts to understand the Trust’s operations and function, and have consistently brought our findings to them — through their spokespeople — so that they have the opportunity to comment and explain themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite their public attacks on our journalism, we have yet to see any legitimate examples of inaccuracies in our reporting on the Trust’s finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As spelled out below, we have done our best to provide this accounting with the limited information in the public record. We welcome any and all additional transparency by the Trust into its spending and administration. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trustee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nNo attempt was made to understand the Trust’s operation or function. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’S Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWe have gone to great lengths to familiarize ourselves with the Trust’s inner workings. We have combed through past bankruptcy court filings, hearing transcripts and correspondence from the Trust to fire victims. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve had dozens of contacts via email and by phone with the Trust’s PR firm asking detailed questions about our findings. We’ve also asked to interview the trustee, John Trotter, and the Trust’s claims administrator numerous times since our last interview with both in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also contacted all seven of the firms we identified as having been paid by the Trust. Just one responded to our inquiry. None answered questions about how much money they had received.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Again, we would welcome greater transparency into how the Trust does its work and spends its money. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trust Oversight Committee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nStating that the Trust spent almost 90% of the funds on overhead during the first year is “untrue and misleading as stated. Ninety percent of the funds in the Trust would be over $10 billion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’s Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nKQED has been clear from the first story published on the Trust’s finances that overhead comprised almost 90% of funds spent \u003cem>in its first year\u003c/em>. We have never suggested that the Trust has spent $10 billion — or anything near that amount — on overhead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trust Oversight Committee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe statement that the Fire Victim Trust accumulated over $51 million in overhead costs but allocated just $7 million to fire survivors is “based on 2020 year end data, which is now five months old, even though the Trust has released more recent data regarding payments to survivors, which demonstrated a much different picture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’s Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThat 2020 year-end data on overhead costs is the only information the Trust chose to share in its annual report, which was published four months after the end of the reporting period it chose. Since then, the Trust has continued to incur overhead expenses without reporting updated figures to the public. The Trust has regularly released updated information on payments to fire survivors, however, and KQED has used the most up-to-date figures in all of our reports. We see that the Fire Victim Trust has begun posting this information publicly to \u003ca href=\"https://www.firevictimtrust.com/Documents.aspx\">its website\u003c/a> since we published our investigation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/20792877/ltr-from-toc-to-legislature-re-fvt.pdf\">recent letter responding to state lawmakers\u003c/a>, the Trust Oversight Committee decided to come forward with the information we sought ahead of our story. Operating expenses through April of this year — pending an audit of April expenses — now top $84.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11875085\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11875085\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Paradise_Rally.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Survivors of the 2018 Camp Fire gather in Paradise, California, on May 22, 2021 to protest runaway overhead expenses by the PG&E Fire Victim Trust. \u003ccite>(Lily Jamali/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trust Oversight Committee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“Many people worked between January 1, 2020, and July 1, 2020 to get the Trust off the ground but until July 1 it had no funds, save an advance of $15M made by PG&E in April 2020 to cover expenses incurred from January 1 forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’s Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWe are clear in our story — and in fact, were first to report — about this “advance,” which amounts to millions of dollars paid toward startup costs in the first half of last year, which the Trust left out of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20974645-fvt-2020-annual-report\">2020 Annual Report\u003c/a>. Most of PG&E’s advance was ultimately credited back to the company, with fire victims footing the rest of the bill. It remains unclear why these costs were not included in the Fire Victim Trust’s annual report, despite KQED’s efforts to get answers ahead of publication of our first story. By our calculation, the Trust spent at least $12.7 million during the first half of last year. The Trust refuses to engage with us to confirm this calculation. PG&E has confirmed it for us. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trust Oversight Committee’s Claim:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe Trust needed to build a robust staff to develop a claims resolution process and root out fraud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED’s Response:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThis and other explanations for the initially slow pace of payments have been clearly laid out in all of our stories. Despite the Fire Victim Trust’s decision to limit transparency, we have made every effort to be fair and include voices explaining why the process is taking time — even when the Trust would not provide this voice itself. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We note that an important reason for delay stems from the fact that a significant portion of compensation for fire victims came in the form of stock in PG&E itself. This rare outcome was actively supported by most members of the Trust Oversight Committee last year, as we \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11805766/pge-victims-weigh-rare-stock-funded-trust-amid-market-turmoil&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084358063000&usg=AOvVaw3wVoUySa0l_Tah06dyPGii\">reported then\u003c/a>. More importantly, fire victims themselves voiced these concerns as we reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11801571/fire-victims-ask-judge-to-reconsider-13-5-billion-pge-settlement&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084394101000&usg=AOvVaw0zrmC-iNt7w3FeZBIhOQEQ\">here\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11808826/fire-survivor-resigns-in-protest-from-pge-bankruptcy-committee&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1625084415239000&usg=AOvVaw22qb8ieHkyWA6ze_uvRx0G\">here\u003c/a>. Today, the tiny fraction of fire victims who have had their claims processed and paid are getting just 30% of their claim for now. In the words of the trustee \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XDLml9GEyg\">himself\u003c/a>: “We don’t know how much money we have because a substantial portion of the assets that are going to be used to pay you are in the form of common stock of Pacific Gas and Electric.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every dollar spent on overhead is a dollar not distributed to fire victims who need it. No one expects the Trust to execute the complicated task of fairly distributing billions of dollars without incurring costs. But the Fire Victim Trust has not been transparent about those costs. Fire survivors want and deserve timely, honest and clear explanations of where their settlement money is going, if not to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
},
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
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