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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Report Magazine’s Sasha Khokha and Izzy Bloom visited a 38-acre farm in San Gregorio, 40 miles west of San José, to follow a new project aimed at returning land to the Ramaytush, the Indigenous people of the San Francisco Peninsula. The project is spearheaded by \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepmedicinecircle.org/\">Deep Medicine Circle\u003c/a>, a nonprofit group led by women of color, whose goal, according to its founder Rupa Marya, is to “heal the wounds of colonialism through food, medicine, story, learning and restoration.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We spoke with three of the women leading this land back effort.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911820\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911820 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"A woman holding a flat stick standing in field, behind the skull of an elk.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ramaytush elder Cata Gomes on the Te Kwe A’naa Warep farm in San Gregorio on Feb. 13, 2022. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Catalina Gomes: Ramaytush Indigenous elder\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When Catalina Gomes was growing up in San José, she knew very little about her Indigenous roots. Gomes said her mother and grandmother wanted to protect her from the “trauma that we’ve suffered in the last 400 years,” so they didn’t speak about their heritage. The only thing they told her when she was a child was that she was a 12th-generation Californian. But Gomes said she always had a strong intuition that this wasn’t the full story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a young adult, Gomes learned she was descended from the Salinan Tribe, from the Salinas Valley and the Santa Lucia coastal range. Then, four years ago, Gomes’s cousin unearthed records from the Spanish missions that revealed their family also has Ramaytush ancestry\u003cem>.\u003c/em> In those records, they discovered an ancestor named Muchia Te’. The Spanish recorded her baptismal date as Oct. 2, 1782, when she was about 50 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomes said she feels lucky to know Muchia Te’s Indigenous name, because it was common for the Spanish to record only the baptismal names of Indigenous people. Gomes is now creating a land trust, called the “Muchia Te’ Indigenous Land Trust,” named after her ancestors. The 38 acres of farmland, which are currently being held by \u003ca href=\"http://openspacetrust.org\">Peninsula Open Space Trust\u003c/a>, will soon be returned to Gomes and the Ramaytush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_doctors--scaled-e1650672672633.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911825 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_doctors--scaled-e1650672672633.jpeg\" alt=\"People gather in a farm structure, next to boxes of potatoes.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1276\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UCSF pediatricians-in-training learn about Indigenous foods from farm director Jibril Kyser at the Ramaytush Te Kwe A’naa Warep farm, on Jan. 30, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Rupa Marya)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On May 1, Deep Medicine Circle will officially rename the farm Te Kwe A’naa Warep, which means “honoring Mother Earth” in the Ramaytush language.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plans for the farm include harvesting traditional indigenous herbs and medicines, setting up an herbal apothecary, and farming nutritious, organic food that will be available, for free, to communities in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What she hopes this project will achieve\u003c/strong>:\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>“We’re here to heal the land, and the land is here to heal us. So it’s a copacetic relationship that we have with the land and the creatures here, the creek, the plants. We’re all here working together, struggling to bring forward a better future than what we’ve been exposed to. … We’re hoping to grow this project and expand and get other land to hopefully get another property that we could open a health center and have an alternative approach to healing our bodies that have been so traumatized after the last 400 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What brings her joy\u003c/strong>:\u003cbr>\n“It is bringing me great joy to have a positive goal to look forward to. … It’s been a complete change of my mindset to go from COVID being the focus, to focusing on this land, healing the land and having the land heal us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911821\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911821 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-800x1071.jpeg\" alt=\"A woman with long hair in what looks like a wooden barn playing guitar.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1071\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-800x1071.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-1020x1365.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-160x214.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-1148x1536.jpeg 1148w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-1530x2048.jpeg 1530w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-1920x2570.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-scaled.jpeg 1913w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Musician, physician and farmer Rupa Marya sowing seeds and songs in the barn at Te Kwe A’naa Warep farm. \u003ccite>(Bija Milagro)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Rupa Marya: executive instigator and founder of Deep Medicine Circle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Rupa Marya was 5 years old, she told her kindergarten teacher that she wanted to be “a ballerina and a surgeon.” Even then, she had a strong desire to heal. Art, she said, was a way for her to process and digest her experiences. Through art, everything made sense to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marya’s career path didn’t veer too far from the one she imagined for herself as a child: She’s now an activist, physician and musician — the lead singer of \u003ca href=\"https://www.theaprilfishes.com/\">Rupa and the April Fishes\u003c/a>. The polyglot band performs original songs in French, Spanish, English and Hindi, ranging in genre from jazz to punk to reggae. Their music also highlights Indigenous rights and social justice issues, like police violence and racism in the medical system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 15 years ago, Marya, who also is an \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/rupa.marya\">associate professor of medicine\u003c/a> at UCSF, noticed many young people coming to see her with stomach problems, and she became fascinated with stool cultures. She made the connection between inflammation of the human gut and the way the soil and earth’s systems are “inflamed.” Marya sought to reject capitalist food systems by growing nutritious food to give away to oppressed groups, an effort that led her to create the nonprofit Deep Medicine Circle, which is managing the farm and oversees the Land Back Solidarity Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"land-back\"]The group is focused on \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepmedicinecircle.org/restore\">growing organic, nutritious food\u003c/a> using a blend of agroecology and Indigenous traditional ecological knowledge. It’s also \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepmedicinecircle.org/nourish\">decommodifying food\u003c/a> by giving away what it grows to marginalized communities, partnering with organizations like the American Indian Cultural District and Tenderloin Neighborhood Development Corporation in San Francisco. The group also \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepmedicinecircle.org/heal\">invites health care workers\u003c/a> to visit the farm and heal from the trauma of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marya also co-authored the book “\u003ca href=\"https://bookshop.org/books/inflamed-deep-medicine-and-the-anatomy-of-injustice/9780374602512\">Inflamed: Deep Medicine and the Anatomy of Injustice\u003c/a>” with economist Raj Patel, exploring how the earth’s gut — our soil — is causing diseases in the human gut and affecting community health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What she hopes this project will achieve\u003c/strong>:\u003cbr>\n“I would like to turn around and look at these hills and see tule elk grazing. I would love to see beaver back on the land, and the creek full of salmon, and the creek healthy. I would love to know that that whole valley and watershed has eliminated all the synthetic pesticides and fertilizers that are harmful to the soil. I would love to see young people learning this work, and people from many different cultures coming together to learn about Ramaytush heritage and culture and land stewardship and this model of farming. I would love to see people coming there to participate in growing food for our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What brings her joy\u003c/b>:\u003cbr>\n“Knowing that I’m participating with my family in a great awakening and a great healing. My children aren’t waiting until they’re 20 to learn the truth about what happened to these lands, and they’re actively engaged in participating in that healing work. … Being together in this work in community is probably one of the best feelings I’ve had in a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911822\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911822 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A women with a cap standing outside next to a barn, and wearing a t-shirt that says 'Phenomenally Indigenous.'\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-scaled.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-1536x2048.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sage La Pena, Deep Medicine Circle’s director of traditional ecological knowledge and an Indigenous plant medicine doctor, at the Te Kwe A’naa Warep farm on Feb. 13, 2022. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Sage La Pena: Nomtipom Wintu ethnobotanist and certified medicinal herbalist\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When she was a child, Sage La Pena began working with and learning from Mabel McKay, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiamuseum.org/inductee/mabel-mckay\">globally respected doctor and basket weaver \u003c/a>from the Pomo and Wintun tribes of Northern California. La Pena later discovered that what McKay had taught her also is considered “ethnobotany,” the study of traditional customs, and the medicinal, religious and other uses of plants, and went on to teach at the \u003ca href=\"https://cshs.com/\">California School of Herbal Studies\u003c/a>, founded by herbalist Rosemary Gladstar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They told me I was an herbalist, and I didn’t know what an herbalist was,” La Pena said. “I thought the knowledge that was given and passes through me now was the norm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La Pena now works with Deep Medicine Circle to preserve and pass on traditional ecological knowledge. She’s an expert in the medicinal uses of native plants, like elderberry and stinging nettle, which are grown and harvested on the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What she hopes this project will achieve\u003c/b>:\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>“I feel a very close affinity to the plant life and the people, in turn. … We want beaver here and elk to participate in these landscapes. That is their birthright. And they’ve been kept from these places. So if there’s something that as a two-legged I can do to help that process, that is as it should be with balance, then that’s why I’m here. To do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What brings her joy\u003c/b>:\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>“My daughter Roxy, who’s my youngest birth child of five, and my grandchildren. I see within these generations, open minds that are often clouded in adults. … Just seeing how they’re so open and willing to learn. The vitality that they share with us, it’s very joyful.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Report Magazine’s Sasha Khokha and Izzy Bloom visited a 38-acre farm in San Gregorio, 40 miles west of San José, to follow a new project aimed at returning land to the Ramaytush, the Indigenous people of the San Francisco Peninsula. The project is spearheaded by \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepmedicinecircle.org/\">Deep Medicine Circle\u003c/a>, a nonprofit group led by women of color, whose goal, according to its founder Rupa Marya, is to “heal the wounds of colonialism through food, medicine, story, learning and restoration.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We spoke with three of the women leading this land back effort.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911820\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911820 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"A woman holding a flat stick standing in field, behind the skull of an elk.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6204-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ramaytush elder Cata Gomes on the Te Kwe A’naa Warep farm in San Gregorio on Feb. 13, 2022. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Catalina Gomes: Ramaytush Indigenous elder\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When Catalina Gomes was growing up in San José, she knew very little about her Indigenous roots. Gomes said her mother and grandmother wanted to protect her from the “trauma that we’ve suffered in the last 400 years,” so they didn’t speak about their heritage. The only thing they told her when she was a child was that she was a 12th-generation Californian. But Gomes said she always had a strong intuition that this wasn’t the full story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a young adult, Gomes learned she was descended from the Salinan Tribe, from the Salinas Valley and the Santa Lucia coastal range. Then, four years ago, Gomes’s cousin unearthed records from the Spanish missions that revealed their family also has Ramaytush ancestry\u003cem>.\u003c/em> In those records, they discovered an ancestor named Muchia Te’. The Spanish recorded her baptismal date as Oct. 2, 1782, when she was about 50 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomes said she feels lucky to know Muchia Te’s Indigenous name, because it was common for the Spanish to record only the baptismal names of Indigenous people. Gomes is now creating a land trust, called the “Muchia Te’ Indigenous Land Trust,” named after her ancestors. The 38 acres of farmland, which are currently being held by \u003ca href=\"http://openspacetrust.org\">Peninsula Open Space Trust\u003c/a>, will soon be returned to Gomes and the Ramaytush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_doctors--scaled-e1650672672633.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911825 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_doctors--scaled-e1650672672633.jpeg\" alt=\"People gather in a farm structure, next to boxes of potatoes.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1276\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UCSF pediatricians-in-training learn about Indigenous foods from farm director Jibril Kyser at the Ramaytush Te Kwe A’naa Warep farm, on Jan. 30, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Rupa Marya)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On May 1, Deep Medicine Circle will officially rename the farm Te Kwe A’naa Warep, which means “honoring Mother Earth” in the Ramaytush language.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plans for the farm include harvesting traditional indigenous herbs and medicines, setting up an herbal apothecary, and farming nutritious, organic food that will be available, for free, to communities in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What she hopes this project will achieve\u003c/strong>:\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>“We’re here to heal the land, and the land is here to heal us. So it’s a copacetic relationship that we have with the land and the creatures here, the creek, the plants. We’re all here working together, struggling to bring forward a better future than what we’ve been exposed to. … We’re hoping to grow this project and expand and get other land to hopefully get another property that we could open a health center and have an alternative approach to healing our bodies that have been so traumatized after the last 400 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What brings her joy\u003c/strong>:\u003cbr>\n“It is bringing me great joy to have a positive goal to look forward to. … It’s been a complete change of my mindset to go from COVID being the focus, to focusing on this land, healing the land and having the land heal us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911821\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911821 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-800x1071.jpeg\" alt=\"A woman with long hair in what looks like a wooden barn playing guitar.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1071\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-800x1071.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-1020x1365.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-160x214.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-1148x1536.jpeg 1148w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-1530x2048.jpeg 1530w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-1920x2570.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/DMC_rupa-with-guitar-scaled.jpeg 1913w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Musician, physician and farmer Rupa Marya sowing seeds and songs in the barn at Te Kwe A’naa Warep farm. \u003ccite>(Bija Milagro)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Rupa Marya: executive instigator and founder of Deep Medicine Circle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Rupa Marya was 5 years old, she told her kindergarten teacher that she wanted to be “a ballerina and a surgeon.” Even then, she had a strong desire to heal. Art, she said, was a way for her to process and digest her experiences. Through art, everything made sense to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marya’s career path didn’t veer too far from the one she imagined for herself as a child: She’s now an activist, physician and musician — the lead singer of \u003ca href=\"https://www.theaprilfishes.com/\">Rupa and the April Fishes\u003c/a>. The polyglot band performs original songs in French, Spanish, English and Hindi, ranging in genre from jazz to punk to reggae. Their music also highlights Indigenous rights and social justice issues, like police violence and racism in the medical system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 15 years ago, Marya, who also is an \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/rupa.marya\">associate professor of medicine\u003c/a> at UCSF, noticed many young people coming to see her with stomach problems, and she became fascinated with stool cultures. She made the connection between inflammation of the human gut and the way the soil and earth’s systems are “inflamed.” Marya sought to reject capitalist food systems by growing nutritious food to give away to oppressed groups, an effort that led her to create the nonprofit Deep Medicine Circle, which is managing the farm and oversees the Land Back Solidarity Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The group is focused on \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepmedicinecircle.org/restore\">growing organic, nutritious food\u003c/a> using a blend of agroecology and Indigenous traditional ecological knowledge. It’s also \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepmedicinecircle.org/nourish\">decommodifying food\u003c/a> by giving away what it grows to marginalized communities, partnering with organizations like the American Indian Cultural District and Tenderloin Neighborhood Development Corporation in San Francisco. The group also \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepmedicinecircle.org/heal\">invites health care workers\u003c/a> to visit the farm and heal from the trauma of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marya also co-authored the book “\u003ca href=\"https://bookshop.org/books/inflamed-deep-medicine-and-the-anatomy-of-injustice/9780374602512\">Inflamed: Deep Medicine and the Anatomy of Injustice\u003c/a>” with economist Raj Patel, exploring how the earth’s gut — our soil — is causing diseases in the human gut and affecting community health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What she hopes this project will achieve\u003c/strong>:\u003cbr>\n“I would like to turn around and look at these hills and see tule elk grazing. I would love to see beaver back on the land, and the creek full of salmon, and the creek healthy. I would love to know that that whole valley and watershed has eliminated all the synthetic pesticides and fertilizers that are harmful to the soil. I would love to see young people learning this work, and people from many different cultures coming together to learn about Ramaytush heritage and culture and land stewardship and this model of farming. I would love to see people coming there to participate in growing food for our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What brings her joy\u003c/b>:\u003cbr>\n“Knowing that I’m participating with my family in a great awakening and a great healing. My children aren’t waiting until they’re 20 to learn the truth about what happened to these lands, and they’re actively engaged in participating in that healing work. … Being together in this work in community is probably one of the best feelings I’ve had in a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911822\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911822 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A women with a cap standing outside next to a barn, and wearing a t-shirt that says 'Phenomenally Indigenous.'\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-scaled.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_6196-1536x2048.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sage La Pena, Deep Medicine Circle’s director of traditional ecological knowledge and an Indigenous plant medicine doctor, at the Te Kwe A’naa Warep farm on Feb. 13, 2022. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Sage La Pena: Nomtipom Wintu ethnobotanist and certified medicinal herbalist\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When she was a child, Sage La Pena began working with and learning from Mabel McKay, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiamuseum.org/inductee/mabel-mckay\">globally respected doctor and basket weaver \u003c/a>from the Pomo and Wintun tribes of Northern California. La Pena later discovered that what McKay had taught her also is considered “ethnobotany,” the study of traditional customs, and the medicinal, religious and other uses of plants, and went on to teach at the \u003ca href=\"https://cshs.com/\">California School of Herbal Studies\u003c/a>, founded by herbalist Rosemary Gladstar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They told me I was an herbalist, and I didn’t know what an herbalist was,” La Pena said. “I thought the knowledge that was given and passes through me now was the norm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La Pena now works with Deep Medicine Circle to preserve and pass on traditional ecological knowledge. She’s an expert in the medicinal uses of native plants, like elderberry and stinging nettle, which are grown and harvested on the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What she hopes this project will achieve\u003c/b>:\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>“I feel a very close affinity to the plant life and the people, in turn. … We want beaver here and elk to participate in these landscapes. That is their birthright. And they’ve been kept from these places. So if there’s something that as a two-legged I can do to help that process, that is as it should be with balance, then that’s why I’m here. To do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What brings her joy\u003c/b>:\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>“My daughter Roxy, who’s my youngest birth child of five, and my grandchildren. I see within these generations, open minds that are often clouded in adults. … Just seeing how they’re so open and willing to learn. The vitality that they share with us, it’s very joyful.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>California’s Water Explained\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California works hard to provide water throughout the state — through major aqueduct projects, dams and reservoirs. Still, the supply of water never seems to quench our increasing thirst. Why is that? \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED reporters Katherine Shok and Ezra David Romero teamed up with graphic designers \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kelly Heigert and Rebecca Kao to explain.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CalEPA Secretary Jared Blumenfeld\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Earlier this month, the California Legislative Analyst’s Office released a six-part report updating the impacts of climate change on the state. We talk to the head of the state’s environmental protection agency, Jared Blumenfeld, about how the state is addressing our most urgent problems.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest: Jared Blumenfeld, California secretary for environmental protection\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sonoma County’s Sustainable Vineyards\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sonoma County, known for its fine wines, has become a leader in sustainable agriculture. Ninety-nine percent of the county’s wine grapes have been certified as grown under sustainable practices, through an innovative program launched by Karissa Kruse, president of Sonoma County Winegrowers. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest: Karissa Kruse, Sonoma County Winegrowers president\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Hayward Japanese Gardens\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week’s Something Beautiful is a visit to a serene garden nestled in the East Bay. The Hayward Japanese Gardens follows traditional design principles while using California native stone and plants to create its manicured gardens and sculpted trees.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>California’s Water Explained\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California works hard to provide water throughout the state — through major aqueduct projects, dams and reservoirs. Still, the supply of water never seems to quench our increasing thirst. Why is that? \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED reporters Katherine Shok and Ezra David Romero teamed up with graphic designers \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kelly Heigert and Rebecca Kao to explain.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CalEPA Secretary Jared Blumenfeld\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Earlier this month, the California Legislative Analyst’s Office released a six-part report updating the impacts of climate change on the state. We talk to the head of the state’s environmental protection agency, Jared Blumenfeld, about how the state is addressing our most urgent problems.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest: Jared Blumenfeld, California secretary for environmental protection\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Happy Earth Day!",
"headTitle": "Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11912005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final.png\" alt=\"Cartoon: a couple hikes by a beautiful forest and pond. The man says, "what a great place to celebrate Earth Day! Out in nature, by a lovely pond..." The woman says, "um, that's a glacier."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1316\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final-800x548.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final-1020x699.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final-160x110.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final-1536x1053.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy Earth Day!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioreearthday52\">the 52nd anniversary of Earth Day\u003c/a>, and at this point, it's not looking too good for Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On second thought, Earth will probably be just fine, but if we want it to be habitable by humans, we've still got some work to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Happy Earth Day! It's the 52nd anniversary of Earth Day, and at this point, it's not looking too good for Earth.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11912005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final.png\" alt=\"Cartoon: a couple hikes by a beautiful forest and pond. The man says, "what a great place to celebrate Earth Day! Out in nature, by a lovely pond..." The woman says, "um, that's a glacier."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1316\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final-800x548.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final-1020x699.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final-160x110.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/earthdayhike_042222_final-1536x1053.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy Earth Day!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioreearthday52\">the 52nd anniversary of Earth Day\u003c/a>, and at this point, it's not looking too good for Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On second thought, Earth will probably be just fine, but if we want it to be habitable by humans, we've still got some work to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Regulator Moves to Shut Down Diesel Generators at East Oakland Cannabis Facility",
"title": "Regulator Moves to Shut Down Diesel Generators at East Oakland Cannabis Facility",
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"content": "\u003cp>Regional air regulators are moving to shut down a set of giant diesel generators that have been used for more than a year and a half to power a major cannabis-growing facility in East Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/21678879/2022-4-20-green-sage-accusation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a complaint issued Wednesday\u003c/a>, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District formally accused a Denver-based firm called Green Sage of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908979/a-denver-based-firm-is-using-huge-diesel-generators-to-grow-cannabis-in-east-oakland-now-the-city-is-trying-to-shut-them-down\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">installing the heavily polluting generators\u003c/a> as a long-term substitute for standard grid power in violation of state and regional regulations.[aside postID=\"news_11908979,arts_13826417,news_11879641\" label=\"Related Posts\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The impacts of these generators are serious,\" Damian Breen, the district's deputy operations chief, said in an interview. \"East Oakland suffers from more air pollution than other parts of the Bay Area, and diesel particulate matter can have a significant impact.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As many as nine of the huge diesel units have operated simultaneously outside the two buildings. Portable diesel generators emit diesel particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and other pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint seeks an order from the district's independent hearing board requiring Green Sage and cannabis tenants at its two San Leandro Street properties to shut down the generators until they get permits to operate them. The complaint also makes it clear that permits are available only for temporary generator use — for instance, during short-term emergencies or to provide power during electrical upgrades — not as a long-term replacement for the conventional grid power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breen said it could take 30 to 60 days for the hearing board to convene and deliver an abatement order to halt use of the generators, the first of which was installed in July 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://greensagemb.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Green Sage\u003c/a> bought two large San Leandro Street buildings, known as The Tinnery and The Cannery, in 2016 and 2017, and began leasing space to cannabis operations. The company is owned by Ken Greer, 41, a former Massachusetts stockbroker with addresses in Denver and San Diego County, and Bruce Miller, 70, a real-estate agent listed with residences in Los Angeles, Wyoming and Montana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents of The Cannery, a live-work space that has housed artists and artisans for nearly 50 years, have raised alarms for the past 20 months about the industrial generators and the pollution they're emitting in a part of Oakland that has long suffered from hazardous air quality due to proximity to Interstate 880 and factories in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When power demand from energy-intensive growing operations overtaxed the existing transformers and other electrical infrastructure at the buildings, Green Sage began renting semi-trailer-sized diesel generators as its primary source for tenants' electrical needs. The generators consume thousands of gallons of fuel a day, and cannabis operators at the complex report monthly fuel bills in the hundreds of thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909005\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11909005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"A large tanker truck delivers\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-1020x690.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-1536x1039.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A tanker delivering diesel fuel to industrial generators outside the Green Sage cannabis complex on San Leandro Street in East Oakland. Seven generators at the site require daily fuel deliveries and burn more than 2,000 gallons of fuel a day. \u003ccite>(Amaya Nicole Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The formal air district complaint follows a February \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/21480754/bay-area-air-quality-management-district-green-sage-notice-of-violation-feb-16-2022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notice of violation\u003c/a> the agency issued because Green Sage had failed to get permits to install or operate the generators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Oakland has slapped the company with a pair of violation notices for running the generators without permits and for a host of code violations. The \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/21475890/city-of-oakland-march-21-2022-notice-of-violation-to-green-sage.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">most recent notice\u003c/a>, sent last month, gave Green Sage until Friday, April 22, to end use of the generators. But as of Thursday, just a day before that deadline, the generators continue to run 24 hours a day, seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green Sage did not respond to a request for comment on the latest violation notice. In answer to the air district's February notice of violation, a Green Sage lawyer wrote the agency a letter saying the company had filed \"application materials\" for the diesel-powered generators at San Leandro Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter from San Francisco attorney Darrin Gambelin went on to say that Green Sage also was preparing to submit an application to install cleaner-burning turbines that would be powered by gas derived from dairy waste. The turbines would \"immediately reduce emissions and expeditiously install a permanent clean, renewable, net-negative carbon power source.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company floated the potentially expensive turbine proposal despite the fact it appears to be in extreme financial straits. Green Sage apparently stopped making payments last August on a $54.5 million dollar loan it had gotten to underwrite construction at the San Leandro Street properties and was placed in default in December. The buildings are currently set to be sold at a May 4 foreclosure auction in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In any event, the air district says Green Sage has yet to file a complete application for either the diesel generators or the proposed turbines. And Breen said Wednesday it's long past time for the company to have complied with agency regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The correct course of action would have been to notify the air district before [the generators] were moved into the area,\" Breen said. \"We could have done a health risk analysis. We could have made sure that the folks in East Oakland who suffer from disproportionate burdens from air pollution were protected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The city of Oakland also is trying to end use of generators in a part of the city that has long suffered from high levels of air pollution.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Regional air regulators are moving to shut down a set of giant diesel generators that have been used for more than a year and a half to power a major cannabis-growing facility in East Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/21678879/2022-4-20-green-sage-accusation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a complaint issued Wednesday\u003c/a>, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District formally accused a Denver-based firm called Green Sage of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908979/a-denver-based-firm-is-using-huge-diesel-generators-to-grow-cannabis-in-east-oakland-now-the-city-is-trying-to-shut-them-down\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">installing the heavily polluting generators\u003c/a> as a long-term substitute for standard grid power in violation of state and regional regulations.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The impacts of these generators are serious,\" Damian Breen, the district's deputy operations chief, said in an interview. \"East Oakland suffers from more air pollution than other parts of the Bay Area, and diesel particulate matter can have a significant impact.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As many as nine of the huge diesel units have operated simultaneously outside the two buildings. Portable diesel generators emit diesel particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and other pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint seeks an order from the district's independent hearing board requiring Green Sage and cannabis tenants at its two San Leandro Street properties to shut down the generators until they get permits to operate them. The complaint also makes it clear that permits are available only for temporary generator use — for instance, during short-term emergencies or to provide power during electrical upgrades — not as a long-term replacement for the conventional grid power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breen said it could take 30 to 60 days for the hearing board to convene and deliver an abatement order to halt use of the generators, the first of which was installed in July 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://greensagemb.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Green Sage\u003c/a> bought two large San Leandro Street buildings, known as The Tinnery and The Cannery, in 2016 and 2017, and began leasing space to cannabis operations. The company is owned by Ken Greer, 41, a former Massachusetts stockbroker with addresses in Denver and San Diego County, and Bruce Miller, 70, a real-estate agent listed with residences in Los Angeles, Wyoming and Montana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents of The Cannery, a live-work space that has housed artists and artisans for nearly 50 years, have raised alarms for the past 20 months about the industrial generators and the pollution they're emitting in a part of Oakland that has long suffered from hazardous air quality due to proximity to Interstate 880 and factories in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When power demand from energy-intensive growing operations overtaxed the existing transformers and other electrical infrastructure at the buildings, Green Sage began renting semi-trailer-sized diesel generators as its primary source for tenants' electrical needs. The generators consume thousands of gallons of fuel a day, and cannabis operators at the complex report monthly fuel bills in the hundreds of thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909005\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11909005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"A large tanker truck delivers\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-1020x690.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut-1536x1039.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/RS54583_20220317-IMG_6392-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A tanker delivering diesel fuel to industrial generators outside the Green Sage cannabis complex on San Leandro Street in East Oakland. Seven generators at the site require daily fuel deliveries and burn more than 2,000 gallons of fuel a day. \u003ccite>(Amaya Nicole Edwards/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The formal air district complaint follows a February \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/21480754/bay-area-air-quality-management-district-green-sage-notice-of-violation-feb-16-2022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notice of violation\u003c/a> the agency issued because Green Sage had failed to get permits to install or operate the generators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Oakland has slapped the company with a pair of violation notices for running the generators without permits and for a host of code violations. The \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/21475890/city-of-oakland-march-21-2022-notice-of-violation-to-green-sage.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">most recent notice\u003c/a>, sent last month, gave Green Sage until Friday, April 22, to end use of the generators. But as of Thursday, just a day before that deadline, the generators continue to run 24 hours a day, seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green Sage did not respond to a request for comment on the latest violation notice. In answer to the air district's February notice of violation, a Green Sage lawyer wrote the agency a letter saying the company had filed \"application materials\" for the diesel-powered generators at San Leandro Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter from San Francisco attorney Darrin Gambelin went on to say that Green Sage also was preparing to submit an application to install cleaner-burning turbines that would be powered by gas derived from dairy waste. The turbines would \"immediately reduce emissions and expeditiously install a permanent clean, renewable, net-negative carbon power source.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company floated the potentially expensive turbine proposal despite the fact it appears to be in extreme financial straits. Green Sage apparently stopped making payments last August on a $54.5 million dollar loan it had gotten to underwrite construction at the San Leandro Street properties and was placed in default in December. The buildings are currently set to be sold at a May 4 foreclosure auction in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In any event, the air district says Green Sage has yet to file a complete application for either the diesel generators or the proposed turbines. And Breen said Wednesday it's long past time for the company to have complied with agency regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The correct course of action would have been to notify the air district before [the generators] were moved into the area,\" Breen said. \"We could have done a health risk analysis. We could have made sure that the folks in East Oakland who suffer from disproportionate burdens from air pollution were protected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Between vast almond orchards and dairy pastures in the heart of California’s farm country sits a property being redesigned to look like it did 150 years ago, before levees restricted the flow of rivers that weave across the landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2,100 acres at the confluence of the Tuolumne and San Joaquin rivers in the state’s Central Valley are being reverted to a floodplain. That means when heavy rains cause the rivers to go over their banks, water will run onto the land, allowing traditional ecosystems to flourish and lowering flood risk downstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dos Rios Ranch Preserve is California’s largest single floodplain restoration project, part of the nation’s broadest effort to rethink how rivers flow as climate change alters the environment. The land it covers used to be a farm, but the owners sold it to the nonprofit River Partners to use for restoring wildlife habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state wants to fund and prioritize similar projects that lower risks to homes and property while providing other benefits, like boosting habitats, improving water quality and potentially recharging depleted groundwater supplies. With the notching or removal of levees, swelling rivers can flow onto land that no longer needs to be kept dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s giving new life ecologically but in a way that’s consistent with, complementary to, the human systems that have developed over the 150 years since the Gold Rush,” said Julie Rentner, president of River Partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Central Valley covers about 20,000 square miles and is an agricultural powerhouse — more than 250 crops are grown there. The region constitutes about 1% of U.S. farmland but produces 25% of the nation’s food while accounting for one-fifth of all groundwater pumping in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A flood in the 1860s demonstrated the potential for disaster: Up to 6,000 square miles of the valley were submerged. As the state’s population rapidly expanded and farming boomed through the 20th century, the government engineered vast systems to move water around to supply people and farms, and erected levees to protect cities and crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those levees cut off rivers from their natural floodplains. As climate change causes temperatures to warm, mountain snow that typically trickles into the state’s watershed may fill rivers much faster, increasing the flows beyond what levees can take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11911592\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman with black hair in a ponytail stands in the foreground, wearing a yellow-and-white striped shirt and dark, outdoor vest. Behind her is a slender river, meandering through a landscape of lush grasses and low brush.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">River Partners President Julie Rentner stands along the bank of the Tuolumne River near a restored floodplain and riparian habitat on the Dos Rios Ranch in September 2021 in Modesto. \u003ccite>(Brian van der Brug/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Floodplain restoration can help. For projects like Dos Rios, land that farmers no longer want to manage is being turned into space where rivers can breathe. Farther north, barriers on the Feather River have been altered to allow more water to flow into an existing wildlife area. In West Sacramento, 4 miles of levee along the Sacramento River is being set back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officials began centralizing valley flood planning a decade ago. Though some of the worst and most notable floods in recent decades have occurred in places like Houston and New Orleans, parts of California are at serious risk that’s only expected to increase due to climate change. In 1997, major storms caused levees to break throughout the valley, including on the Tuolumne River, causing nearly $2 billion in damage and destroying more than 20,000 homes. Nine people died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' citation='Barry Nelson, water consultant']‘One of the things that drives me crazy about California water is that decision-makers want to talk about floods in flood years and droughts in drought years. The weather whiplash we’re seeing this year is really teaching us we need to break out of that pattern.’[/pullquote]An update to the Central Valley Flood Protection Plan is set for release this week. It will detail ways to lower flood risk and protect the roughly 1.3 million people who live on floodplains, along with key infrastructure, agricultural lands and ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last update five years ago, the state put a premium on floodplain restoration projects. Dos Rios is one of 17 identified by the state. Four have been completed since 2013, three are under construction, and 10 are proposed. They’ve cost $300 million so far, with money coming from bond funds and local and federal dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dos Rios is an amazing example, but we need like 30 more of those,” said Jane Dolan, chair of the Central Valley Flood Protection Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Floodplain restoration isn’t unique to California. Washington state launched a program in 2013 called Floodplains by Design, and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/tn-state-wire-nd-state-wire-mo-state-wire-michael-brown-ar-state-wire-aa5812a166b36687af3a4d0fc2a292b8\">projects are popping up along the Mississippi River\u003c/a>. But experts say California stands out for its emphasis on projects that provide ecological support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s tremendous potential for this kind of work, and I’m quite impressed by how deliberate and thoughtful California is being in this space,” said Todd Bridges, head of the Army Corps of Engineers’ \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-change-technology-science-todd-bridges-floods-18d32b6cbe365cca92b6bd4b9384da83\">Engineering with Nature\u003c/a> program, which takes a similar approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration set aside at least $1.75 billion in the infrastructure bill for multipurpose projects aimed at reducing flood risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911590\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11911590\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-800x481.jpg\" alt=\"Brown river water flows past a brown soil embankment that has broken off and fallen into the river. Trees slip down the embankment and green grass is in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-800x481.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-1020x613.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-160x96.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-1536x923.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river.jpg 1542w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rushing water from heavy rains tore apart this levee on the Feather River in 2017. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just as climate change is making California’s dry periods drier, it’s expected to make the wet periods wetter. The state experienced an \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/wildfires-floods-california-los-angeles-droughts-7fabc66dc0cfab55441e1bf25c6c08f9\">atmospheric river in October\u003c/a> and major rain and snowfall in December, followed by its \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/wildfires-floods-california-los-angeles-droughts-7fabc66dc0cfab55441e1bf25c6c08f9\">driest January through March\u003c/a> on record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things that drives me crazy about California water is that decision-makers want to talk about floods in flood years and droughts in drought years,” said Barry Nelson, a water consultant who worked on the Dos Rios project. “The weather whiplash we’re seeing this year is really teaching us we need to break out of that pattern.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the 1850s, 95% of the historical wetlands and river habitats in the Central Valley have been eliminated, according to state flood planners. It would be impossible to restore all of that in a state of 40 million people, where major cities like the capital, Sacramento, and Stockton have been built in floodplains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the valley’s vast open spaces offer opportunities, such as on farmland that’s no longer in use. The property that Dos Rios sits on was most recently a dairy, and the owners approached River Partners about selling the land for conservation in the mid-2000s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners has notched berms to allow river water to flow onto 1,000 acres. The nonprofit is going through government hurdles to breach a federal levee keeping the Tuolumne River at bay. Eventually Dos Rios could hold up to 10,000 acre-feet of flood water, keeping it from flowing toward cities like Stockton. An acre-foot is about 325,850 gallons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fourteen kinds of woody trees and shrubs are planted in a way that’s designed to attract native species. The riparian brush rabbit, chinook salmon, steelhead trout, the yellow warbler and the sandhill crane are among the species that call Dos Rios home. The habitat there also supports the Aleutian cackling goose, which once was listed as an endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for such projects would like to see them built faster in California and beyond. Rentner, of River Partners, said that while there’s broad agreement on the value of restoring floodplains, concerns about the impact of land conversion on local tax bases and debates about how broadly to expand public access can slow things down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the messy world of California water, floodplain restoration stands out, said Nelson, the water consultant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this sort of ocean of disagreements about water policy, about all these other issues, flood management is this place where enormous change has happened in the last decade in a way that is incredibly broadly supported,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Between vast almond orchards and dairy pastures in the heart of California’s farm country sits a property being redesigned to look like it did 150 years ago, before levees restricted the flow of rivers that weave across the landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2,100 acres at the confluence of the Tuolumne and San Joaquin rivers in the state’s Central Valley are being reverted to a floodplain. That means when heavy rains cause the rivers to go over their banks, water will run onto the land, allowing traditional ecosystems to flourish and lowering flood risk downstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dos Rios Ranch Preserve is California’s largest single floodplain restoration project, part of the nation’s broadest effort to rethink how rivers flow as climate change alters the environment. The land it covers used to be a farm, but the owners sold it to the nonprofit River Partners to use for restoring wildlife habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state wants to fund and prioritize similar projects that lower risks to homes and property while providing other benefits, like boosting habitats, improving water quality and potentially recharging depleted groundwater supplies. With the notching or removal of levees, swelling rivers can flow onto land that no longer needs to be kept dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s giving new life ecologically but in a way that’s consistent with, complementary to, the human systems that have developed over the 150 years since the Gold Rush,” said Julie Rentner, president of River Partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Central Valley covers about 20,000 square miles and is an agricultural powerhouse — more than 250 crops are grown there. The region constitutes about 1% of U.S. farmland but produces 25% of the nation’s food while accounting for one-fifth of all groundwater pumping in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A flood in the 1860s demonstrated the potential for disaster: Up to 6,000 square miles of the valley were submerged. As the state’s population rapidly expanded and farming boomed through the 20th century, the government engineered vast systems to move water around to supply people and farms, and erected levees to protect cities and crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those levees cut off rivers from their natural floodplains. As climate change causes temperatures to warm, mountain snow that typically trickles into the state’s watershed may fill rivers much faster, increasing the flows beyond what levees can take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11911592\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman with black hair in a ponytail stands in the foreground, wearing a yellow-and-white striped shirt and dark, outdoor vest. Behind her is a slender river, meandering through a landscape of lush grasses and low brush.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/GettyImages-1237211786-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">River Partners President Julie Rentner stands along the bank of the Tuolumne River near a restored floodplain and riparian habitat on the Dos Rios Ranch in September 2021 in Modesto. \u003ccite>(Brian van der Brug/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Floodplain restoration can help. For projects like Dos Rios, land that farmers no longer want to manage is being turned into space where rivers can breathe. Farther north, barriers on the Feather River have been altered to allow more water to flow into an existing wildlife area. In West Sacramento, 4 miles of levee along the Sacramento River is being set back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officials began centralizing valley flood planning a decade ago. Though some of the worst and most notable floods in recent decades have occurred in places like Houston and New Orleans, parts of California are at serious risk that’s only expected to increase due to climate change. In 1997, major storms caused levees to break throughout the valley, including on the Tuolumne River, causing nearly $2 billion in damage and destroying more than 20,000 homes. Nine people died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>An update to the Central Valley Flood Protection Plan is set for release this week. It will detail ways to lower flood risk and protect the roughly 1.3 million people who live on floodplains, along with key infrastructure, agricultural lands and ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last update five years ago, the state put a premium on floodplain restoration projects. Dos Rios is one of 17 identified by the state. Four have been completed since 2013, three are under construction, and 10 are proposed. They’ve cost $300 million so far, with money coming from bond funds and local and federal dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dos Rios is an amazing example, but we need like 30 more of those,” said Jane Dolan, chair of the Central Valley Flood Protection Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Floodplain restoration isn’t unique to California. Washington state launched a program in 2013 called Floodplains by Design, and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/tn-state-wire-nd-state-wire-mo-state-wire-michael-brown-ar-state-wire-aa5812a166b36687af3a4d0fc2a292b8\">projects are popping up along the Mississippi River\u003c/a>. But experts say California stands out for its emphasis on projects that provide ecological support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s tremendous potential for this kind of work, and I’m quite impressed by how deliberate and thoughtful California is being in this space,” said Todd Bridges, head of the Army Corps of Engineers’ \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-change-technology-science-todd-bridges-floods-18d32b6cbe365cca92b6bd4b9384da83\">Engineering with Nature\u003c/a> program, which takes a similar approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration set aside at least $1.75 billion in the infrastructure bill for multipurpose projects aimed at reducing flood risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911590\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11911590\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-800x481.jpg\" alt=\"Brown river water flows past a brown soil embankment that has broken off and fallen into the river. Trees slip down the embankment and green grass is in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-800x481.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-1020x613.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-160x96.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river-1536x923.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/feather-river.jpg 1542w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rushing water from heavy rains tore apart this levee on the Feather River in 2017. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just as climate change is making California’s dry periods drier, it’s expected to make the wet periods wetter. The state experienced an \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/wildfires-floods-california-los-angeles-droughts-7fabc66dc0cfab55441e1bf25c6c08f9\">atmospheric river in October\u003c/a> and major rain and snowfall in December, followed by its \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/wildfires-floods-california-los-angeles-droughts-7fabc66dc0cfab55441e1bf25c6c08f9\">driest January through March\u003c/a> on record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things that drives me crazy about California water is that decision-makers want to talk about floods in flood years and droughts in drought years,” said Barry Nelson, a water consultant who worked on the Dos Rios project. “The weather whiplash we’re seeing this year is really teaching us we need to break out of that pattern.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the 1850s, 95% of the historical wetlands and river habitats in the Central Valley have been eliminated, according to state flood planners. It would be impossible to restore all of that in a state of 40 million people, where major cities like the capital, Sacramento, and Stockton have been built in floodplains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the valley’s vast open spaces offer opportunities, such as on farmland that’s no longer in use. The property that Dos Rios sits on was most recently a dairy, and the owners approached River Partners about selling the land for conservation in the mid-2000s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners has notched berms to allow river water to flow onto 1,000 acres. The nonprofit is going through government hurdles to breach a federal levee keeping the Tuolumne River at bay. Eventually Dos Rios could hold up to 10,000 acre-feet of flood water, keeping it from flowing toward cities like Stockton. An acre-foot is about 325,850 gallons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fourteen kinds of woody trees and shrubs are planted in a way that’s designed to attract native species. The riparian brush rabbit, chinook salmon, steelhead trout, the yellow warbler and the sandhill crane are among the species that call Dos Rios home. The habitat there also supports the Aleutian cackling goose, which once was listed as an endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for such projects would like to see them built faster in California and beyond. Rentner, of River Partners, said that while there’s broad agreement on the value of restoring floodplains, concerns about the impact of land conversion on local tax bases and debates about how broadly to expand public access can slow things down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the messy world of California water, floodplain restoration stands out, said Nelson, the water consultant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this sort of ocean of disagreements about water policy, about all these other issues, flood management is this place where enormous change has happened in the last decade in a way that is incredibly broadly supported,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Fifteen thousand years ago, the Bay Area didn't have a bay — but it did have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11839198/the-bay-area-during-the-ice-age-think-saber-tooth-cats-and-mammoths\">plenty of mammoths, saber-toothed tigers and other megafauna\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the last ice age, what we now know as the San Francisco Bay was a wide, grassy valley teeming with life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lush valley was home to everything from giant 2,000-pound ground sloths to short-faced bears, which sound cute but were much bigger than present-day grizzly bears and could run 40 miles an hour to chase down their prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-11911465 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-1020x1020.png\" alt='Cartoon: a saber-toothed tiger and mammoths on a grassy plain. Type reads, \"mammoths, saber-toothed cats and other megafauna lived here! 15,000 years ago (give or take), the \"Bay Area\" was a wide, grassy valley with a huge river that flowed into the sea by the Farallon peaks (now islands).\"' width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-1536x1536.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Portals-of-the-past-where-mammoths-roamed-4704196.php\">most exciting paleontological finds\u003c/a> — which included bones from three mammoths and one giant bison — happened 40 years ago at a construction site on \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps/place/Pacific+Ave+%26+San+Francisco+Bicycle+Rte+11,+San+Francisco,+CA+94133/@37.7969941,-122.4053885,3a,75y,72.13h,95.82t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sh_Q42Haursgn_C-arAHhww!2e0!7i16384!8i8192!4m5!3m4!1s0x808580f4ec6e9ddf:0x8da4e254cb912235!8m2!3d37.7970838!4d-122.4055586\">the corner of Columbus and Pacific streets in San Francisco\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazingly, \u003ca href=\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/1306122?seq=1\">scientists were given exactly two hours to study the site and remove the bones\u003c/a> before they were shooed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mustn't slow progress, after all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-11911466 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-1020x1020.png\" alt='Cartoon: a perturbed construction worker looks at his watch as a bearded man runs past with a wheelbarrow filled with mammoth bones. Type reads, \"bones from 3 mammoths and one giant bison were found in 1983 during construction at Columbus and Pacific streets in S.F.! The building contractor gave paleontologists just 2 hours to collect the bones!\"' width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-1536x1536.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So next time you gaze out over the bay, picture herds of mammoths and giant bison grazing in a wide, grassy valley, bisected by a mighty river as it flows toward an ancient ocean some 30 miles west of the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But remember to keep your eyes peeled for a hungry short-faced bear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fifteen thousand years ago, the Bay Area didn't have a bay — but it did have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11839198/the-bay-area-during-the-ice-age-think-saber-tooth-cats-and-mammoths\">plenty of mammoths, saber-toothed tigers and other megafauna\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the last ice age, what we now know as the San Francisco Bay was a wide, grassy valley teeming with life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lush valley was home to everything from giant 2,000-pound ground sloths to short-faced bears, which sound cute but were much bigger than present-day grizzly bears and could run 40 miles an hour to chase down their prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-11911465 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-1020x1020.png\" alt='Cartoon: a saber-toothed tiger and mammoths on a grassy plain. Type reads, \"mammoths, saber-toothed cats and other megafauna lived here! 15,000 years ago (give or take), the \"Bay Area\" was a wide, grassy valley with a huge river that flowed into the sea by the Farallon peaks (now islands).\"' width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final-1536x1536.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/01mammoths_041822_final.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Portals-of-the-past-where-mammoths-roamed-4704196.php\">most exciting paleontological finds\u003c/a> — which included bones from three mammoths and one giant bison — happened 40 years ago at a construction site on \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps/place/Pacific+Ave+%26+San+Francisco+Bicycle+Rte+11,+San+Francisco,+CA+94133/@37.7969941,-122.4053885,3a,75y,72.13h,95.82t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sh_Q42Haursgn_C-arAHhww!2e0!7i16384!8i8192!4m5!3m4!1s0x808580f4ec6e9ddf:0x8da4e254cb912235!8m2!3d37.7970838!4d-122.4055586\">the corner of Columbus and Pacific streets in San Francisco\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazingly, \u003ca href=\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/1306122?seq=1\">scientists were given exactly two hours to study the site and remove the bones\u003c/a> before they were shooed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mustn't slow progress, after all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-11911466 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-1020x1020.png\" alt='Cartoon: a perturbed construction worker looks at his watch as a bearded man runs past with a wheelbarrow filled with mammoth bones. Type reads, \"bones from 3 mammoths and one giant bison were found in 1983 during construction at Columbus and Pacific streets in S.F.! The building contractor gave paleontologists just 2 hours to collect the bones!\"' width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final-1536x1536.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/02bones_041822_final.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So next time you gaze out over the bay, picture herds of mammoths and giant bison grazing in a wide, grassy valley, bisected by a mighty river as it flows toward an ancient ocean some 30 miles west of the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But remember to keep your eyes peeled for a hungry short-faced bear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11910813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final.png\" alt='Cartoon: Three people hold signs, the first one reads, \"keep it in the ground, no oil!\" The second one reads, \"put it in the ground, CO2.\" The third one reads, \"put it in the ground to get more out of the ground: CO2, oil.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1262\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final-800x526.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final-1020x670.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final-160x105.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final-1536x1010.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of California’s carbon market — which is intended to lower greenhouse gas emissions — \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorecarbonmarket\">Occidental Petroleum plans to inject carbon dioxide into the ground to extract more oil\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right — the system of carbon credits designed to help fight climate change is being used by an oil company (founded in California, now headquartered in Texas) to pump more oil out of the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, carbon credits (if used as they were intended) may help us avoid completely destroying the planet — but rest assured, oil companies will continue to do everything they can to profit all the way to the apocalypse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11910813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final.png\" alt='Cartoon: Three people hold signs, the first one reads, \"keep it in the ground, no oil!\" The second one reads, \"put it in the ground, CO2.\" The third one reads, \"put it in the ground to get more out of the ground: CO2, oil.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1262\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final-800x526.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final-1020x670.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final-160x105.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/carboncapture_041122_final-1536x1010.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of California’s carbon market — which is intended to lower greenhouse gas emissions — \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorecarbonmarket\">Occidental Petroleum plans to inject carbon dioxide into the ground to extract more oil\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right — the system of carbon credits designed to help fight climate change is being used by an oil company (founded in California, now headquartered in Texas) to pump more oil out of the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, carbon credits (if used as they were intended) may help us avoid completely destroying the planet — but rest assured, oil companies will continue to do everything they can to profit all the way to the apocalypse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11910145\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final.png\" alt='Cartoon: a man pours a pitcher of water out on his lawn, sprays a hose as sprinklers water full blast, while in the background, a kid slides down a waterslide into a flooding pool. Type at the top reads, \"California has plenty of water .\"* Upside down at the lower-right corner is an asterisk next to the words \"April Fools!\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1357\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final-800x565.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final-1020x721.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final-160x113.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final-1536x1086.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As California's \"wet\" season comes to a close, prepare yourself for a third year of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioredroughtsnowpack\">Sierra snowpack stands at a meager 38% of average statewide\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those early season atmospheric rivers that dumped so much rain and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11900284/major-storm-dumps-snow-closes-northern-california-mountain-routes\">record amounts of snowfall\u003c/a> in the mountains sure seem like a long, long time ago now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don't be an April fool. Conserve water now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11910145\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final.png\" alt='Cartoon: a man pours a pitcher of water out on his lawn, sprays a hose as sprinklers water full blast, while in the background, a kid slides down a waterslide into a flooding pool. Type at the top reads, \"California has plenty of water .\"* Upside down at the lower-right corner is an asterisk next to the words \"April Fools!\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1357\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final-800x565.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final-1020x721.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final-160x113.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/plenty_040122_final-1536x1086.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As California's \"wet\" season comes to a close, prepare yourself for a third year of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioredroughtsnowpack\">Sierra snowpack stands at a meager 38% of average statewide\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those early season atmospheric rivers that dumped so much rain and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11900284/major-storm-dumps-snow-closes-northern-california-mountain-routes\">record amounts of snowfall\u003c/a> in the mountains sure seem like a long, long time ago now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don't be an April fool. Conserve water now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11909677\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final.png\" alt=\"Cartoon: Governor Gavin Newsom in a tie with the left side a picture of clean energy, solar and wind as he says, "we're building a clean, oil-free future." On the dark, sooty right side of the cartoon, filled with cars, Newsom says, "but first, let's make gas cheaper and encourage driving."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1282\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final-800x534.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final-1020x681.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final-1536x1026.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>To help California drivers struggling with high gasoline prices, Gov. Gavin Newsom last week \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorenewsomgascards\">proposed sending $400 debit cards to vehicle owners across the state\u003c/a> (and up to $800 to households that own more than one) — while simultaneously espousing the state's \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2022/03/23/governor-newsom-proposes-11-billion-relief-package-for-californians-facing-higher-gas-prices/\">oil-free future.\u003c/a>\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wait, what?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no doubt that rising gas prices have hurt people who rely on their cars to do — or get to — their jobs, and inflationary pressures typically have greater impact on people with lower incomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the governor's proposal doesn't include any income cap, so wealthy people would get that cash-for-gas as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Atlantic's Annie Lowrey correctly calls this misguided proposal \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/03/gavin-newsom-gas-prices-plan/629378/\">universal basic income for cars.\u003c/a>\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which makes it even more surprising that this idea is coming from a governor who is purportedly determined to get the state to kick its fossil fuel habit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11909677\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final.png\" alt=\"Cartoon: Governor Gavin Newsom in a tie with the left side a picture of clean energy, solar and wind as he says, "we're building a clean, oil-free future." On the dark, sooty right side of the cartoon, filled with cars, Newsom says, "but first, let's make gas cheaper and encourage driving."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1282\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final-800x534.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final-1020x681.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final-160x107.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/oilfree_032922_final-1536x1026.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>To help California drivers struggling with high gasoline prices, Gov. Gavin Newsom last week \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorenewsomgascards\">proposed sending $400 debit cards to vehicle owners across the state\u003c/a> (and up to $800 to households that own more than one) — while simultaneously espousing the state's \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2022/03/23/governor-newsom-proposes-11-billion-relief-package-for-californians-facing-higher-gas-prices/\">oil-free future.\u003c/a>\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wait, what?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no doubt that rising gas prices have hurt people who rely on their cars to do — or get to — their jobs, and inflationary pressures typically have greater impact on people with lower incomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the governor's proposal doesn't include any income cap, so wealthy people would get that cash-for-gas as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Atlantic's Annie Lowrey correctly calls this misguided proposal \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/03/gavin-newsom-gas-prices-plan/629378/\">universal basic income for cars.\u003c/a>\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which makes it even more surprising that this idea is coming from a governor who is purportedly determined to get the state to kick its fossil fuel habit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>What did we get when \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2009/05/29/schwarzenegger-proposes-closing-80-percent-of-california-state-parks/\">budget cuts threatened to close hundreds of California state parks\u003c/a>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=449\">Fort Ross State Historic Park\u003c/a>, we got a Russian ambassador, an oligarch and funding from foreign oil, gas and mining interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/03/01/1083664519/u-s-and-european-sanctions-against-russia-are-unprecedented-zarate-says\">nations around the world responded by enacting tough sanctions\u003c/a> on people and businesses in President Vladimir Putin’s orbit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the sanctions’ grip tightened, one influential member of the Russian parliament even raged on state television that \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/russian-lawmakers-demand-for-return-of-fort-ross-raises-old-questions-abou/\">Russia should take back Fort Ross\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which is where our story begins …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909377\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1.png\" alt='Cartoon: a sea otter floats in the water with a bag of cash on its belly. Old wooden Russian fort is in the background. Title is, \"otters, oligarchs and intrigue on the Sonoma County coast.\"' width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-2.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909379\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" 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https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-5-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-5-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909388\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909389\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909391\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909393\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, public/private partnerships that help keep our parks in good shape aren’t necessarily a bad thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Fort Ross Conservancy, money from Viktor Vekselberg’s foundation \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.fortross.org/renova\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.fortross.org/renova\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">went to projects\u003c/a> like an upgraded visitor center and “Marine Ecology for Little People” exhibit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservancy CEO Sarah Sweedler (who, coincidentally, worked for KQED in the 1990s) said the Fort Ross Conservancy received less than 10% of its funding from Russian sources in 2021, and none in 2022, and emphasized that the organization\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\"> c\u003c/i>omplies with all laws, including those governing sanctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservancy also hosts the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fortross.org/frd\">Fort Ross Dialogue\u003c/a>, a conference created to improve relations between Russia and the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That seems like a worthwhile (and now even more difficult) goal, but it doesn’t feel quite right when \u003ca href=\"https://www.fortross.org/frd/2021-dialogue\">the speaker and sponsor list\u003c/a> reads like a who’s who of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fl1QWOuJqtY&t=158s\">Russian oil and gas exploration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think we should trade park funding for any \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/06/arts/russia-oligarchs-arts.html\">foreign state’s “soft power” operation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, with recent developments in Ukraine, we may look back fondly on the days of soft power, no matter how oil-soaked they were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">Clarifications\u003c/i>: \u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">California acquired Fort Ross as a park in 1909 and \u003c/i>— \u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">according to \u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">\u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/explorers/sitec6.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/explorers/sitec6.htm\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">National Park Service\u003c/a>\u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\"> and \u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">\u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.fortross.org/preservation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.fortross.org/preservation\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">Fort Ross Conservancy\u003c/a>\u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\"> sources \u003c/i>— \u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">designated it as a State Historical Monument in 1928.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003cbr>\n\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This post has been updated to reflect Fort Ross Conservancy funding details provided by CEO Sarah Sweedler.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "What did we get when budget cuts threatened to close hundreds of California state parks? In the case of Fort Ross State Historic Park, we got a Russian ambassador, an oligarch and funding from foreign oil, gas and mining interests.",
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"title": "Fort Ross: Otters, Oligarchs and Intrigue on the Sonoma County Coast | KQED",
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"headline": "Fort Ross: Otters, Oligarchs and Intrigue on the Sonoma County Coast",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>What did we get when \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2009/05/29/schwarzenegger-proposes-closing-80-percent-of-california-state-parks/\">budget cuts threatened to close hundreds of California state parks\u003c/a>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=449\">Fort Ross State Historic Park\u003c/a>, we got a Russian ambassador, an oligarch and funding from foreign oil, gas and mining interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/03/01/1083664519/u-s-and-european-sanctions-against-russia-are-unprecedented-zarate-says\">nations around the world responded by enacting tough sanctions\u003c/a> on people and businesses in President Vladimir Putin’s orbit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the sanctions’ grip tightened, one influential member of the Russian parliament even raged on state television that \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/russian-lawmakers-demand-for-return-of-fort-ross-raises-old-questions-abou/\">Russia should take back Fort Ross\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which is where our story begins …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909377\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1.png\" alt='Cartoon: a sea otter floats in the water with a bag of cash on its belly. Old wooden Russian fort is in the background. Title is, \"otters, oligarchs and intrigue on the Sonoma County coast.\"' width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-1-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-2.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909379\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-2.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-2-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-2-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-2-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-2-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-3.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909382\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" data-wp-editing=\"1\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-3.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-3-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-3-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-3-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-3-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-4.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909384\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-4.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-4-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-4-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-4-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-4-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-5.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909386\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-5.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-5-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-5-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-5-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-5-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909388\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-6-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909389\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-7-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909391\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-8-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909393\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-9-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11909394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/fortross_final-10-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, public/private partnerships that help keep our parks in good shape aren’t necessarily a bad thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Fort Ross Conservancy, money from Viktor Vekselberg’s foundation \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.fortross.org/renova\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.fortross.org/renova\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">went to projects\u003c/a> like an upgraded visitor center and “Marine Ecology for Little People” exhibit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservancy CEO Sarah Sweedler (who, coincidentally, worked for KQED in the 1990s) said the Fort Ross Conservancy received less than 10% of its funding from Russian sources in 2021, and none in 2022, and emphasized that the organization\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\"> c\u003c/i>omplies with all laws, including those governing sanctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservancy also hosts the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fortross.org/frd\">Fort Ross Dialogue\u003c/a>, a conference created to improve relations between Russia and the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That seems like a worthwhile (and now even more difficult) goal, but it doesn’t feel quite right when \u003ca href=\"https://www.fortross.org/frd/2021-dialogue\">the speaker and sponsor list\u003c/a> reads like a who’s who of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fl1QWOuJqtY&t=158s\">Russian oil and gas exploration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think we should trade park funding for any \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/06/arts/russia-oligarchs-arts.html\">foreign state’s “soft power” operation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, with recent developments in Ukraine, we may look back fondly on the days of soft power, no matter how oil-soaked they were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">Clarifications\u003c/i>: \u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">California acquired Fort Ross as a park in 1909 and \u003c/i>— \u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">according to \u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">\u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/explorers/sitec6.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/explorers/sitec6.htm\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">National Park Service\u003c/a>\u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\"> and \u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">\u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.fortross.org/preservation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.fortross.org/preservation\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">Fort Ross Conservancy\u003c/a>\u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\"> sources \u003c/i>— \u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">designated it as a State Historical Monument in 1928.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003cbr>\n\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This post has been updated to reflect Fort Ross Conservancy funding details provided by CEO Sarah Sweedler.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "There Were Once More Than 425 Shellmounds in the Bay Area. Where Did They Go?",
"headTitle": "There Were Once More Than 425 Shellmounds in the Bay Area. Where Did They Go? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on Nov. 8, 2018. Since then, the California Court of Appeals ruled that \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2021/07/29/development-spengers-parking-lot-can-proceed-ohlone-shellmound-ruling\">a housing development could move forward on the West Berkeley Shellmound site\u003c/a>, despite arguments by the city of Berkeley and the Confederated Villages of Lisjan. Berkeley appealed the ruling, but the State Supreme Court declined to hear the case.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]Y[/dropcap]ou may associate the Emeryville shoreline with shops, or the Scandinavian furniture store Ikea. But what you may not know is that before this place was a commercial area, a different human-made structure towered above Bay Area residents: a shellmound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving down Shellmound Street may tip you off, too. It did for Bay Curious listener Paul Gilbert, who used to live and work in Emeryville. He would cross Shellmound Street every day for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And somewhere along the way I’d heard the story that there used to be a Native American mound of shells somewhere along the shore,” Gilbert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he asked Bay Curious: “What’s the story behind Shellmound Street in Emeryville, and what happened to the Native American shellmounds that I heard it was named after?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are shellmounds?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Shellmounds are human-made mounds of earth and organic matter that were built up over thousands of years. They were created by the people native to the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mounds served many purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shellmounds are created by my ancestors as ceremonial places and as burial sites,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sogoreate-landtrust.org/staff-board/\">Corrina Gould\u003c/a>, tribal spokesperson for the Confederated Villages of Lisjan and co-director of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust. The Lisjan are one of more than 40 native groups that call the greater Bay Area their home. As colonizers came to Northern California, they lumped these distinct Indigenous groups into one. These days this larger group is sometimes called the Ohlone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704735\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704735\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A shellmound in Mill Valley, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909. From Nelson's report "Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region."\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shellmound in Mill Valley, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909, from Nelson’s report ‘Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region.’\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gould said innumerable burials were found in shellmounds: “Children buried with their mothers who had been lost in childbirth. Elders with babies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bodies were then covered with layers of soil, shell and rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mussel (like those pictured here), clam and oyster shells give shellmounds their name.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mussel shells (like those pictured here) and clam and oyster shells give shellmounds their name. \u003ccite>(David Gee/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Growing bigger over time, the shellmounds transformed the flatlands by the bay waters into an undulating, awe-inspiring scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shellmounds also served as an active space for the living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People would come and they would trade with each other, and they would have ceremony at the top of these mounds,” Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archaeologists have found remnants of communal fireplaces, workshops and homes in the mounds. They were so central to community life that it seems there wasn’t even time for topsoil to build up or for grasses to grow, said UC Berkeley anthropology professor \u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.berkeley.edu/kent-lightfoot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kent Lightfoot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their height, sometimes taller than 30 feet, served as a focal point to navigate across the bay waters, or to communicate with other tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could send signals to other people across the bay because you could see their fires,” Gould said, saying the signals could, among other things, warn groups about toxic red tide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704736\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704736\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-800x617.jpg\" alt=\"A shellmound in San Rafael, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909. From Nelson's report "Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region."\" width=\"800\" height=\"617\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-800x617.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-1020x787.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-1200x925.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut.jpg 1582w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shellmound in San Rafael, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909, from Nelson’s report ‘Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region.’\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s all of these things that are in these mounds that tell us this rich history of our people for thousands and thousands of years,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould is referring to remnants of daily Ohlone life, like remnants of the foods that sustained them: not only the mussel, clam and oyster shells that give the mounds their name, but traces of salmon and sturgeon, deer and acorns from the ample oak trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How many shellmounds were in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Bay Area was a popular place to live for Native Americans. Natural resources from both water and land were abundant here. The area from Point Sur in the south to the Carquinez Strait in the north was one of the most densely populated places for Indigenous people north of Mexico, with roughly 10,000 inhabitants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All these people meant a lot of villages, and therefore a lot of shellmounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704814\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704814 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392.jpg\" alt=\"Corrina Gould stands in front of the site of a former shellmound and village known to Ohlone as Sigorea Te. This place is also called Glen Cove Waterfront Park.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Corrina Gould stands in front of the site of a former shellmound and village known to Ohlone people as Sogorea Te’. This place is also called Glen Cove Waterfront Park. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But as colonizers came to California in the 1700s and 1800s, the native population was devastated. They were killed by newly introduced diseases, starvation and genocide. These killings were \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/books/review/an-american-genocide-by-benja.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">at times funded by the state of California and the U.S. government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native people began to disappear from their traditional land. When their houses of willow branches and tule reeds decomposed, the shellmounds were all that was left to mark where their villages once stood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 650px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11704710\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay.jpg\" alt=\"A map of shellmounds documented in 1909 by archaeologist Nels Nelson.\" width=\"650\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay.jpg 650w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of shellmounds documented in 1909 by archaeologist Nels Nelson. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Stanford's CESTA Spatial History Project)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1909, a UC Berkeley archaeologist named Nels Nelson counted 425 shellmounds around the Bay Area. He thought there had been many more, too, that already had been worn away by water, time and development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrina Gould believes that of the shellmounds Nelson documented in 1909, roughly four can still be seen, in such places as San Bruno, Fremont and Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What happened to the shellmounds?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Let’s take a look at the Emeryville shellmound as an example of a larger trend. This shellmound was the biggest one recorded in the Bay Area, more than three stories high and 350 feet in diameter, Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704712\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 628px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704712 size-full\" style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent;color: #767676\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room.jpg\" alt=\"Demolition of the Emeryville Shellmound.\" width=\"628\" height=\"274\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room.jpg 628w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-160x70.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-240x105.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-375x164.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-520x227.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demolition of the Emeryville shellmound. If you look for the shellmound today, you won’t find much above ground. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Oakland History Room)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the late 1800s, developers sheared off the top to create a dance pavilion — people were literally dancing on graves. At the base of the shellmound, they constructed an amusement park. Decades later the shellmound was leveled completely to make way for a paint factory. And in the early 2000s, the site of this once-busy Native village became a busy outdoor shopping center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of destruction happened across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Gould emphasized that the shellmounds are still here, albeit underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important for us to preserve and protect what’s left,” Gould said. “Even if you as human beings can’t see it on top, we know that the layers of our shellmounds go way deep underneath the land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The soil below where shellmounds stood is distinct. It’s a dark, rich color from organic material, with white pockets colored by remains of shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rich soil from above-ground shellmounds was used to pave roads, fill in parts of the bay and fertilize gardens. Some of the human remains met similar fates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould said the shellmounds are beneath landmarks that Bay Area residents pass daily: a Burger King in downtown Oakland, or Yerba Buena Gardens in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many skeletons have been unceremoniously unearthed. Construction crews and archaeologists uncovered human bones as recently as the early 2000s, while building the Emeryville shops. Gould said most of these were reburied in an undisclosed location on the original site. In the past, remains were treated differently. Professional and amateur archaeologists sought out human bones and artifacts and sent them to universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley’s Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology has more than 5,000 sets of human remains from the Bay Area alone. A “set” could represent the remains of one or multiple people, or even just an isolated component of a person, according to a spokesperson for the museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, Gould and other Ohlone people viewed the Hearst Museum’s collection of human remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the top of the ceiling to the floor there was all these trays with our ancestor remains up and down,” Gould said. “I’ll never forget that experience, that this institution is holding these humans, and for what purpose? And how many is too many?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were the ancestors, you know, my direct relations,” Gould said. She choked up as she spoke, describing her reaction after the visit: “I lay down in bed for three days and couldn’t move. And it still hurts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s happening with shellmounds now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gould and other Native American activists are fighting to acquire land where the oldest Bay Area shellmound, nearly 5,000 years old, once stood: West Berkeley. The space is privately owned and currently an asphalt parking lot at 1900 Fourth Street, between the Fourth Street shopping corridor and the bay. The location has been designated as an \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Planning_and_Development/Level_3_-_LPC/COB_Landmarks_updated%20April%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">archaeological landmark\u003c/a> by the city of Berkeley since 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The landowners have sought to build housing here in recent years, but their proposals have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2018/09/05/berkeley-rejects-sb35-application-for-spengers-lot-development-again\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rejected by the city of Berkeley\u003c/a>. While the owners have challenged the city, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2019/10/22/judge-rules-for-berkeley-in-developers-lawsuit-over-spengers-parking-lot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">judge recently ruled\u003c/a> in favor of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould hopes eventually the land will be overseen by Ohlone and other Native Americans. She acknowledges this is just a dream right now, as the owners of the land are not willing to sell. But she said stranger things have happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her vision is a space with native plants, a circular dancing structure for Ohlone ceremonies, and a 40-foot-tall mound with a spiral path and information about the Ohlone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704720 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"A vision for what an open space at 1900 Fourth St in West Berkeley could look like. It would be a monument to Ohlone ancestors and the shellmound that once stood here. \" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1200x825.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1920x1320.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vision for what an open space at 1900 Fourth St. in West Berkeley could look like. It would be a monument to Ohlone ancestors and the shellmound that once stood here. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Corrina Gould)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gould and others regularly hold intertribal prayers here, on the current parking lot. Over her decades as an activist, Gould said Ohlone events have grown stronger, and the crowds have grown larger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sees this as part of a larger Ohlone resurgence: consulting for the Hearst Museum that houses bones of their relatives, reviving dance steps no one has followed in 100 years, and learning traditional languages — not spoken in generations — from tape recordings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her hope is to renew more Ohlone ways, just as she hopes to build a new shellmound on the site of an old one, once flattened.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Shellmounds were used by Ohlone people as burial sites. People used them to navigate bay waters, and gathered on top of them. Now almost all the more than 425 shellmounds once in the Bay Area have been destroyed, paved over or built upon.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on Nov. 8, 2018. Since then, the California Court of Appeals ruled that \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2021/07/29/development-spengers-parking-lot-can-proceed-ohlone-shellmound-ruling\">a housing development could move forward on the West Berkeley Shellmound site\u003c/a>, despite arguments by the city of Berkeley and the Confederated Villages of Lisjan. Berkeley appealed the ruling, but the State Supreme Court declined to hear the case.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">Y\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ou may associate the Emeryville shoreline with shops, or the Scandinavian furniture store Ikea. But what you may not know is that before this place was a commercial area, a different human-made structure towered above Bay Area residents: a shellmound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving down Shellmound Street may tip you off, too. It did for Bay Curious listener Paul Gilbert, who used to live and work in Emeryville. He would cross Shellmound Street every day for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And somewhere along the way I’d heard the story that there used to be a Native American mound of shells somewhere along the shore,” Gilbert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he asked Bay Curious: “What’s the story behind Shellmound Street in Emeryville, and what happened to the Native American shellmounds that I heard it was named after?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are shellmounds?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Shellmounds are human-made mounds of earth and organic matter that were built up over thousands of years. They were created by the people native to the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mounds served many purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shellmounds are created by my ancestors as ceremonial places and as burial sites,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sogoreate-landtrust.org/staff-board/\">Corrina Gould\u003c/a>, tribal spokesperson for the Confederated Villages of Lisjan and co-director of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust. The Lisjan are one of more than 40 native groups that call the greater Bay Area their home. As colonizers came to Northern California, they lumped these distinct Indigenous groups into one. These days this larger group is sometimes called the Ohlone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704735\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704735\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A shellmound in Mill Valley, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909. From Nelson's report "Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region."\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shellmound in Mill Valley, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909, from Nelson’s report ‘Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region.’\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gould said innumerable burials were found in shellmounds: “Children buried with their mothers who had been lost in childbirth. Elders with babies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bodies were then covered with layers of soil, shell and rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mussel (like those pictured here), clam and oyster shells give shellmounds their name.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mussel shells (like those pictured here) and clam and oyster shells give shellmounds their name. \u003ccite>(David Gee/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Growing bigger over time, the shellmounds transformed the flatlands by the bay waters into an undulating, awe-inspiring scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shellmounds also served as an active space for the living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People would come and they would trade with each other, and they would have ceremony at the top of these mounds,” Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archaeologists have found remnants of communal fireplaces, workshops and homes in the mounds. They were so central to community life that it seems there wasn’t even time for topsoil to build up or for grasses to grow, said UC Berkeley anthropology professor \u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.berkeley.edu/kent-lightfoot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kent Lightfoot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their height, sometimes taller than 30 feet, served as a focal point to navigate across the bay waters, or to communicate with other tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could send signals to other people across the bay because you could see their fires,” Gould said, saying the signals could, among other things, warn groups about toxic red tide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704736\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704736\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-800x617.jpg\" alt=\"A shellmound in San Rafael, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909. From Nelson's report "Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region."\" width=\"800\" height=\"617\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-800x617.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-1020x787.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-1200x925.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut.jpg 1582w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shellmound in San Rafael, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909, from Nelson’s report ‘Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region.’\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s all of these things that are in these mounds that tell us this rich history of our people for thousands and thousands of years,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould is referring to remnants of daily Ohlone life, like remnants of the foods that sustained them: not only the mussel, clam and oyster shells that give the mounds their name, but traces of salmon and sturgeon, deer and acorns from the ample oak trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How many shellmounds were in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Bay Area was a popular place to live for Native Americans. Natural resources from both water and land were abundant here. The area from Point Sur in the south to the Carquinez Strait in the north was one of the most densely populated places for Indigenous people north of Mexico, with roughly 10,000 inhabitants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All these people meant a lot of villages, and therefore a lot of shellmounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704814\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704814 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392.jpg\" alt=\"Corrina Gould stands in front of the site of a former shellmound and village known to Ohlone as Sigorea Te. This place is also called Glen Cove Waterfront Park.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Corrina Gould stands in front of the site of a former shellmound and village known to Ohlone people as Sogorea Te’. This place is also called Glen Cove Waterfront Park. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But as colonizers came to California in the 1700s and 1800s, the native population was devastated. They were killed by newly introduced diseases, starvation and genocide. These killings were \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/books/review/an-american-genocide-by-benja.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">at times funded by the state of California and the U.S. government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native people began to disappear from their traditional land. When their houses of willow branches and tule reeds decomposed, the shellmounds were all that was left to mark where their villages once stood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 650px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11704710\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay.jpg\" alt=\"A map of shellmounds documented in 1909 by archaeologist Nels Nelson.\" width=\"650\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay.jpg 650w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of shellmounds documented in 1909 by archaeologist Nels Nelson. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Stanford's CESTA Spatial History Project)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1909, a UC Berkeley archaeologist named Nels Nelson counted 425 shellmounds around the Bay Area. He thought there had been many more, too, that already had been worn away by water, time and development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrina Gould believes that of the shellmounds Nelson documented in 1909, roughly four can still be seen, in such places as San Bruno, Fremont and Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What happened to the shellmounds?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Let’s take a look at the Emeryville shellmound as an example of a larger trend. This shellmound was the biggest one recorded in the Bay Area, more than three stories high and 350 feet in diameter, Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704712\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 628px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704712 size-full\" style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent;color: #767676\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room.jpg\" alt=\"Demolition of the Emeryville Shellmound.\" width=\"628\" height=\"274\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room.jpg 628w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-160x70.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-240x105.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-375x164.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-520x227.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demolition of the Emeryville shellmound. If you look for the shellmound today, you won’t find much above ground. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Oakland History Room)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the late 1800s, developers sheared off the top to create a dance pavilion — people were literally dancing on graves. At the base of the shellmound, they constructed an amusement park. Decades later the shellmound was leveled completely to make way for a paint factory. And in the early 2000s, the site of this once-busy Native village became a busy outdoor shopping center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of destruction happened across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Gould emphasized that the shellmounds are still here, albeit underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important for us to preserve and protect what’s left,” Gould said. “Even if you as human beings can’t see it on top, we know that the layers of our shellmounds go way deep underneath the land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The soil below where shellmounds stood is distinct. It’s a dark, rich color from organic material, with white pockets colored by remains of shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rich soil from above-ground shellmounds was used to pave roads, fill in parts of the bay and fertilize gardens. Some of the human remains met similar fates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould said the shellmounds are beneath landmarks that Bay Area residents pass daily: a Burger King in downtown Oakland, or Yerba Buena Gardens in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many skeletons have been unceremoniously unearthed. Construction crews and archaeologists uncovered human bones as recently as the early 2000s, while building the Emeryville shops. Gould said most of these were reburied in an undisclosed location on the original site. In the past, remains were treated differently. Professional and amateur archaeologists sought out human bones and artifacts and sent them to universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley’s Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology has more than 5,000 sets of human remains from the Bay Area alone. A “set” could represent the remains of one or multiple people, or even just an isolated component of a person, according to a spokesperson for the museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, Gould and other Ohlone people viewed the Hearst Museum’s collection of human remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the top of the ceiling to the floor there was all these trays with our ancestor remains up and down,” Gould said. “I’ll never forget that experience, that this institution is holding these humans, and for what purpose? And how many is too many?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were the ancestors, you know, my direct relations,” Gould said. She choked up as she spoke, describing her reaction after the visit: “I lay down in bed for three days and couldn’t move. And it still hurts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s happening with shellmounds now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gould and other Native American activists are fighting to acquire land where the oldest Bay Area shellmound, nearly 5,000 years old, once stood: West Berkeley. The space is privately owned and currently an asphalt parking lot at 1900 Fourth Street, between the Fourth Street shopping corridor and the bay. The location has been designated as an \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Planning_and_Development/Level_3_-_LPC/COB_Landmarks_updated%20April%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">archaeological landmark\u003c/a> by the city of Berkeley since 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The landowners have sought to build housing here in recent years, but their proposals have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2018/09/05/berkeley-rejects-sb35-application-for-spengers-lot-development-again\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rejected by the city of Berkeley\u003c/a>. While the owners have challenged the city, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2019/10/22/judge-rules-for-berkeley-in-developers-lawsuit-over-spengers-parking-lot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">judge recently ruled\u003c/a> in favor of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould hopes eventually the land will be overseen by Ohlone and other Native Americans. She acknowledges this is just a dream right now, as the owners of the land are not willing to sell. But she said stranger things have happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her vision is a space with native plants, a circular dancing structure for Ohlone ceremonies, and a 40-foot-tall mound with a spiral path and information about the Ohlone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704720 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"A vision for what an open space at 1900 Fourth St in West Berkeley could look like. It would be a monument to Ohlone ancestors and the shellmound that once stood here. \" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1200x825.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1920x1320.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vision for what an open space at 1900 Fourth St. in West Berkeley could look like. It would be a monument to Ohlone ancestors and the shellmound that once stood here. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Corrina Gould)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gould and others regularly hold intertribal prayers here, on the current parking lot. Over her decades as an activist, Gould said Ohlone events have grown stronger, and the crowds have grown larger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sees this as part of a larger Ohlone resurgence: consulting for the Hearst Museum that houses bones of their relatives, reviving dance steps no one has followed in 100 years, and learning traditional languages — not spoken in generations — from tape recordings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her hope is to renew more Ohlone ways, just as she hopes to build a new shellmound on the site of an old one, once flattened.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "‘They Own the Oil, but the People Are Ours’: Workers Strike at Chevron's Richmond Refinery",
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"content": "\u003cp>Unionized workers at Chevron’s Richmond refinery went on strike early Monday, marking the most significant labor action by employees of a major oil-processing facility in California in seven years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action involves some 500 members of the United Steelworkers (USW) Local 5, whose leaders have been in contract talks with Chevron executives for months.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"B.K. White, negotiator, United Steelworkers Local 5\"]‘The fight has begun. A fight for maintaining a standard of living.’[/pullquote]Negotiations between the two sides broke down over the weekend, after the union rejected an offer by Chevron. The company told labor leaders they would not resume talks the following day, prompting the union on Saturday night to give notice of the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have nothing left but to withhold our labor,” B.K. White, a USW negotiator, said in an interview with KQED last month. “That’s the only thing we’ve got. They own the oil. They own the equipment. It’s their land. But the people are ours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late February, the national USW union reached a nationwide agreement with a group of oil industry companies on a framework for wage increases and working conditions. The union’s 200 or so regional chapters bargain over local issues before they agree on individual contracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>USW Local 5 and Chevron have not released the specific details of their contract proposals. The union says the sticking points center on worker safety and pay for some employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our people are working 12-hour shifts,” said Tracy Scott, president of USW Local 5, in an interview last month. “They’re asking them to come out on their days off and work additional 12-hour shifts, which compromises their efficiency and effectiveness by fatigue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White said \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/union-workers-chevron-refinery-prepare-strike-monday-2022-03-20/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">his local chapter asked for a 5% pay increase above what was agreed to in the national deal\u003c/a> because of the higher cost of living in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fight has begun. A fight for maintaining a standard of living,” White said in a text message to KQED Monday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron executives say their contract offer is fair, competitive and responsive to the union’s concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, the union’s demands exceeded what the company believes to be reasonable and beyond what was agreed to as part of the national pattern bargaining agreement,” said Chevron spokesperson Linsi Crain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strike is taking place amid significant increases in gasoline prices nationwide, particularly in California, where the cost at the pump is higher than in any other state. The average price per gallon of gasoline in the state \u003ca href=\"https://gasprices.aaa.com/?state=CA\">reached $5.85 on Monday\u003c/a>, according to AAA. The average in San Francisco is now $5.92.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the strike causes the refinery to shut down, that would be bad news for the state’s consumers, said Severin Borenstein, an energy economist at UC Berkeley Haas School of Business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s one of the major producers in the state, and California spot prices for wholesale gasoline are unusually high right now relative to the rest of the country, which indicates tight refining capacity,” he said. “Losing a major refinery would almost certainly push prices up substantially.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has emphasized it plans to continue normal operations at the Richmond plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We anticipate no issues in maintaining a reliable supply of products to the market,” Crain, from Chevron, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tolly Graves, director of the Richmond facility, on Sunday told refinery workers the company had “notified USW that it will proceed with a safe and orderly refinery turnover,” according to a memo to employees obtained by KQED — implying that Chevron planned to transfer operations from union workers to managers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Employees scheduled to work Sunday night should not report,” Graves said in the memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union, along with its supporters and some elected leaders, have raised concerns about the increased risk of accidents if operations are handled by refinery managers and possibly other workers less familiar with the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County Supervisor John Gioia, who represents the district where the facility is located, says he’s concerned “the highly trained and experienced USW workers will not be operating the refinery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I continue to urge a resolution of the labor issues so that the Richmond community can feel secure that the most experienced refinery operators remain on the job running the facility,” he said in an email.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"chevron\"]Contra Costa County industrial regulators have been in touch with Chevron for weeks about the potential for a strike, according to Matthew Kaufmann, director of the county’s Hazardous Materials Programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency requires refineries to submit facility management change plans that address staffing levels, duties and training for people who would hold new roles in the event of a labor action. Kaufmann says Chevron had taken the necessary steps in preparation for a strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the labor action, inspectors with the Bay Area Air Quality Management District will monitor operations at the Chevron refinery more closely than they normally do, according to agency spokesperson Kristine Roselius.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The labor dispute laid bare the extreme tension that exists between some of Richmond’s city leaders and the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Chevron has used Richmond as a personal piggy bank for generations,” Councilmember Claudia Jimenez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our community is on the front lines of the climate crisis and environmental justice and we have Chevron to thank for it,” she added. “USW Local 5 workers are telling Chevron and the rest of the city that their bodies and minds have a limit, and our city does, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another council member, Eduardo Martinez, who’s running for mayor, said Chevron was indifferent to worker safety and the health of city residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a myth that we rely on Chevron for our economic well-being. They rely on us, the residents and the workers. I support USW Local 5 as they refuse to sacrifice all of our health for corporate profit,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s current mayor, Tom Butt, seemed unaware of the status of the labor dispute, as of Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last I heard from USW, they told me it was settled,” Butt said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last California refinery strike took place in February of 2015 when work was halted at what was then Tesoro’s Martinez refinery, which is now owned by Marathon Petroleum.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our people are working 12-hour shifts,” said Tracy Scott, president of USW Local 5, in an interview last month. “They’re asking them to come out on their days off and work additional 12-hour shifts, which compromises their efficiency and effectiveness by fatigue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White said \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/union-workers-chevron-refinery-prepare-strike-monday-2022-03-20/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">his local chapter asked for a 5% pay increase above what was agreed to in the national deal\u003c/a> because of the higher cost of living in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fight has begun. A fight for maintaining a standard of living,” White said in a text message to KQED Monday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron executives say their contract offer is fair, competitive and responsive to the union’s concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, the union’s demands exceeded what the company believes to be reasonable and beyond what was agreed to as part of the national pattern bargaining agreement,” said Chevron spokesperson Linsi Crain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strike is taking place amid significant increases in gasoline prices nationwide, particularly in California, where the cost at the pump is higher than in any other state. The average price per gallon of gasoline in the state \u003ca href=\"https://gasprices.aaa.com/?state=CA\">reached $5.85 on Monday\u003c/a>, according to AAA. The average in San Francisco is now $5.92.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the strike causes the refinery to shut down, that would be bad news for the state’s consumers, said Severin Borenstein, an energy economist at UC Berkeley Haas School of Business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s one of the major producers in the state, and California spot prices for wholesale gasoline are unusually high right now relative to the rest of the country, which indicates tight refining capacity,” he said. “Losing a major refinery would almost certainly push prices up substantially.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has emphasized it plans to continue normal operations at the Richmond plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We anticipate no issues in maintaining a reliable supply of products to the market,” Crain, from Chevron, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tolly Graves, director of the Richmond facility, on Sunday told refinery workers the company had “notified USW that it will proceed with a safe and orderly refinery turnover,” according to a memo to employees obtained by KQED — implying that Chevron planned to transfer operations from union workers to managers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Employees scheduled to work Sunday night should not report,” Graves said in the memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union, along with its supporters and some elected leaders, have raised concerns about the increased risk of accidents if operations are handled by refinery managers and possibly other workers less familiar with the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County Supervisor John Gioia, who represents the district where the facility is located, says he’s concerned “the highly trained and experienced USW workers will not be operating the refinery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I continue to urge a resolution of the labor issues so that the Richmond community can feel secure that the most experienced refinery operators remain on the job running the facility,” he said in an email.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Contra Costa County industrial regulators have been in touch with Chevron for weeks about the potential for a strike, according to Matthew Kaufmann, director of the county’s Hazardous Materials Programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency requires refineries to submit facility management change plans that address staffing levels, duties and training for people who would hold new roles in the event of a labor action. Kaufmann says Chevron had taken the necessary steps in preparation for a strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the labor action, inspectors with the Bay Area Air Quality Management District will monitor operations at the Chevron refinery more closely than they normally do, according to agency spokesperson Kristine Roselius.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The labor dispute laid bare the extreme tension that exists between some of Richmond’s city leaders and the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Chevron has used Richmond as a personal piggy bank for generations,” Councilmember Claudia Jimenez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our community is on the front lines of the climate crisis and environmental justice and we have Chevron to thank for it,” she added. “USW Local 5 workers are telling Chevron and the rest of the city that their bodies and minds have a limit, and our city does, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another council member, Eduardo Martinez, who’s running for mayor, said Chevron was indifferent to worker safety and the health of city residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a myth that we rely on Chevron for our economic well-being. They rely on us, the residents and the workers. I support USW Local 5 as they refuse to sacrifice all of our health for corporate profit,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s current mayor, Tom Butt, seemed unaware of the status of the labor dispute, as of Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last I heard from USW, they told me it was settled,” Butt said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
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}
},
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"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
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