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"content": "\u003cp>A growing number of education advocates who have long called on schools to diversify their teaching staffs are urging administrators to extend those efforts beyond the classroom — to the counseling office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The needs of Black students, advocates argue, are too often overlooked by non-Black middle and high school counselors. Black students are \u003ca href=\"http://blog.csba.org/ap-inequities/\">more likely to be placed in classes that don’t adequately prepare them\u003c/a> for college or a career, \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2021/10/black-students-harsh-discipline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">subject them to harsher discipline\u003c/a> and fail to address any mental health needs, research shows.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Lisa Andrews, California College Guidance Initiative\"]‘It often takes Black counselors to be on the front lines, aggressively advocating for Black students, pushing the needle forward for them, ensuring they have access to rigorous classes.’[/pullquote]“There’s a subconscious mindset that Black students, students in poverty, cannot learn,” said Lisa Andrews, a director at the California College Guidance Initiative and a counseling professor at the University of La Verne, near Pomona. “To change that, school counseling needs to be transformational and revolutionary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School counselors help students choose classes, provide academic guidance, advise students on college applications and career options and offer mental health support. While counselors of any race or background can offer high-quality advising to any student, Black counselors might be more inclined to take extra time, show a little more patience and establish trust with Black students and their families, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Personal experience\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Andrews points to an experience she had while working as a high school counselor. One day she met a group of young Black girls outside her office who lagged academically and were not focused on four-year college goals. She brought them in and explained they needed to focus more on academics if they wanted to go to college, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first, they didn’t respond because I sounded like just another authority figure. But then I told them, ‘Listen, I was born in Compton. I have struggled,’” Andrews said. “That changed everything. They knew that I understood, and we could start building a trusting relationship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She met with the girls weekly to check in on their progress. By the time they became seniors, all 17 had passed the classes needed to attend California’s public universities, Andrews said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It often takes Black counselors to be on the front lines, aggressively advocating for Black students, pushing the needle forward for them, ensuring they have access to rigorous classes,” she said. “If you set the expectations high, the students will respond.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no data on the racial or ethnic makeup of California’s nearly 10,000 K-12 school counselors. Classroom teachers throughout the state, however, are overwhelmingly white. In the 2018-19 school year, more than 60% of California’s public school teachers were white, even though just 22% of students were white, according to an analysis by \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://edtrust.org/educator-diversity/#CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EdTrust West\u003c/a>, a nonprofit education equity organization. Meanwhile, fewer than 4% of teachers — and 5.4% of students — that year were Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2020 \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://s3-us-east-2.amazonaws.com/edtrustmain/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/08183916/Inequities-in-Advanced-Coursework-Whats-Driving-Them-and-What-Leaders-Can-Do-January-2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EdTrust study\u003c/a> showed that Black students are less likely to be placed in advanced math in middle school or in Advanced Placement classes in high school, and many attend schools where AP classes are not offered at all. \u003ca href=\"https://kappanonline.org/meeting-mental-health-needs-black-students-cokley-cody-smith/\">Numerous academic studies have shown that Black students are less likely to attend schools with adequate counseling\u003c/a> staff or access to mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"m_4958875047977244530normaltextrun\">“Representation matters. Whether it’s guidance counselors, teachers, mental health providers or leaders, having a workforce that reflects the racial and ethnic diversity of California directly impacts students’ experiences in school — and their educational outcomes,” said Natalie Wheatfall-Lum, EdTrust West’s director of education policy. “Moreover, counselors can either be the gatekeepers or the connectors to college. We need counselors who believe all students can go to college and challenge the biases they may have about who is and isn’t ‘college-bound.’ Unfortunately, too few California students have access to education professionals who look like them and understand their lived experiences.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recruitment challenges\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>School districts and counselor preparation programs can take steps to diversify the field through mentorship, training and retention programs, said Loretta Whitson, executive director of the California Association of School Counselors. Graduate schools can host job fairs and make other outreach efforts to recruit Black students to the counseling field, she added, and ensure they get the support they need to graduate and find jobs.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"education\"]The Los Angeles Unified School District has taken a lead in efforts to hire Black counselors. In February, the district allotted $80 million to fund a Black Student Achievement Plan, which includes several initiatives aimed at improving test scores, attendance and graduation rates at about 100 schools where many Black students are enrolled. So far, as part of the plan, the district has hired about 60 new counselors, many of whom are Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not an easy task, said Jared DuPree, a senior director at the district. For one, the district does not ask job candidates their race or ethnicity, and among the candidates interviewed, only a small percentage are Black, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re fooling ourselves if we think we can reserve these spots just for Black counselors,” DuPree said. “But you don’t have to be Black to support Black students. Counselors of any race can be effective at this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, a counselor’s race can be an important factor in establishing trust, at least in the beginning, he noted. And Black students, he said, might be more likely to ask for help from counselors whose culture, experiences and outlook resemble their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s right or wrong, Black families sometimes feel more comfortable with people who look like them,” he said. “It reduces anxiety. They feel, ‘This person can identify with my lived experiences, to the things I value.’ It’s a source of comfort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘It’s about relatability’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lyndsey Taylor, a student adviser at Chaffey College in Rancho Cucamonga, who’s studying to be a high school counselor, said that being Black helps when she’s counseling Black students, but it’s certainly not the only factor that leads to a successful counseling relationship. Patience is key, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just because you’re the same race, it’s not going to be instant. You still have to build trust,” Taylor said. “It’s about relatability, being able to see yourself in the person who’s advising you. ‘Here’s someone who looks like me, and authentically wants me to succeed.’ It takes time for students of color to build that trust, break that barrier.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lavernis Martin, a high school counselor at a group of Southern California charter schools, said that his experience as a student inspired him to pursue counseling as a career. While he grew up in a middle-class, predominantly white suburb of Los Angeles, his cousins lived in a mostly Black neighborhood in the city, he said, and throughout his childhood witnessed the differences in their educational experiences.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Lavernis Martin, high school counselor\"]‘As a counselor, I tell my Black students, you are better than what your environment suggests. You are just as capable as your peers. And I’m on your team.’[/pullquote]“It was like, ‘Why am I in the fourth grade and learning these things, and you’re in eighth grade and struggling to keep up?’ It was a big eye-opener. Something clearly needed to change,” he said. “My own privilege played a huge role in my options and opportunities. As a counselor, I tell my Black students, you are better than what your environment suggests. You are just as capable as your peers. And I’m on your team.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Taylor, Martin agrees that Black counselors are only part of what it will take to ensure Black students succeed. Curriculum that emphasizes the accomplishments of Black people, as well as practices on campus to keep Black students engaged in school, are also crucial steps, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muhammad Abdul-Qawi, principal of Del Mar High School, a continuation school in San Gabriel, said he never would have made it to college if his mother hadn’t pushed him. The counselors at his high school in Oklahoma did not encourage Black students academically, he said, and many of his classmates, whose abilities were equal to his, suffered for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This should not be controversial,” Abdul-Qawi said of the need to recruit more Black counselors. “There’s a lot of success stories out there, but there should be a whole lot more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/the-absolutely-essential-role-of-black-counselors-on-campus/663367\">This story originally appeared in EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She met with the girls weekly to check in on their progress. By the time they became seniors, all 17 had passed the classes needed to attend California’s public universities, Andrews said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It often takes Black counselors to be on the front lines, aggressively advocating for Black students, pushing the needle forward for them, ensuring they have access to rigorous classes,” she said. “If you set the expectations high, the students will respond.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no data on the racial or ethnic makeup of California’s nearly 10,000 K-12 school counselors. Classroom teachers throughout the state, however, are overwhelmingly white. In the 2018-19 school year, more than 60% of California’s public school teachers were white, even though just 22% of students were white, according to an analysis by \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://edtrust.org/educator-diversity/#CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EdTrust West\u003c/a>, a nonprofit education equity organization. Meanwhile, fewer than 4% of teachers — and 5.4% of students — that year were Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2020 \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://s3-us-east-2.amazonaws.com/edtrustmain/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/08183916/Inequities-in-Advanced-Coursework-Whats-Driving-Them-and-What-Leaders-Can-Do-January-2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EdTrust study\u003c/a> showed that Black students are less likely to be placed in advanced math in middle school or in Advanced Placement classes in high school, and many attend schools where AP classes are not offered at all. \u003ca href=\"https://kappanonline.org/meeting-mental-health-needs-black-students-cokley-cody-smith/\">Numerous academic studies have shown that Black students are less likely to attend schools with adequate counseling\u003c/a> staff or access to mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"m_4958875047977244530normaltextrun\">“Representation matters. Whether it’s guidance counselors, teachers, mental health providers or leaders, having a workforce that reflects the racial and ethnic diversity of California directly impacts students’ experiences in school — and their educational outcomes,” said Natalie Wheatfall-Lum, EdTrust West’s director of education policy. “Moreover, counselors can either be the gatekeepers or the connectors to college. We need counselors who believe all students can go to college and challenge the biases they may have about who is and isn’t ‘college-bound.’ Unfortunately, too few California students have access to education professionals who look like them and understand their lived experiences.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recruitment challenges\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>School districts and counselor preparation programs can take steps to diversify the field through mentorship, training and retention programs, said Loretta Whitson, executive director of the California Association of School Counselors. Graduate schools can host job fairs and make other outreach efforts to recruit Black students to the counseling field, she added, and ensure they get the support they need to graduate and find jobs.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Los Angeles Unified School District has taken a lead in efforts to hire Black counselors. In February, the district allotted $80 million to fund a Black Student Achievement Plan, which includes several initiatives aimed at improving test scores, attendance and graduation rates at about 100 schools where many Black students are enrolled. So far, as part of the plan, the district has hired about 60 new counselors, many of whom are Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not an easy task, said Jared DuPree, a senior director at the district. For one, the district does not ask job candidates their race or ethnicity, and among the candidates interviewed, only a small percentage are Black, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re fooling ourselves if we think we can reserve these spots just for Black counselors,” DuPree said. “But you don’t have to be Black to support Black students. Counselors of any race can be effective at this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, a counselor’s race can be an important factor in establishing trust, at least in the beginning, he noted. And Black students, he said, might be more likely to ask for help from counselors whose culture, experiences and outlook resemble their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s right or wrong, Black families sometimes feel more comfortable with people who look like them,” he said. “It reduces anxiety. They feel, ‘This person can identify with my lived experiences, to the things I value.’ It’s a source of comfort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘It’s about relatability’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lyndsey Taylor, a student adviser at Chaffey College in Rancho Cucamonga, who’s studying to be a high school counselor, said that being Black helps when she’s counseling Black students, but it’s certainly not the only factor that leads to a successful counseling relationship. Patience is key, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just because you’re the same race, it’s not going to be instant. You still have to build trust,” Taylor said. “It’s about relatability, being able to see yourself in the person who’s advising you. ‘Here’s someone who looks like me, and authentically wants me to succeed.’ It takes time for students of color to build that trust, break that barrier.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lavernis Martin, a high school counselor at a group of Southern California charter schools, said that his experience as a student inspired him to pursue counseling as a career. While he grew up in a middle-class, predominantly white suburb of Los Angeles, his cousins lived in a mostly Black neighborhood in the city, he said, and throughout his childhood witnessed the differences in their educational experiences.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It was like, ‘Why am I in the fourth grade and learning these things, and you’re in eighth grade and struggling to keep up?’ It was a big eye-opener. Something clearly needed to change,” he said. “My own privilege played a huge role in my options and opportunities. As a counselor, I tell my Black students, you are better than what your environment suggests. You are just as capable as your peers. And I’m on your team.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Taylor, Martin agrees that Black counselors are only part of what it will take to ensure Black students succeed. Curriculum that emphasizes the accomplishments of Black people, as well as practices on campus to keep Black students engaged in school, are also crucial steps, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muhammad Abdul-Qawi, principal of Del Mar High School, a continuation school in San Gabriel, said he never would have made it to college if his mother hadn’t pushed him. The counselors at his high school in Oklahoma did not encourage Black students academically, he said, and many of his classmates, whose abilities were equal to his, suffered for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This should not be controversial,” Abdul-Qawi said of the need to recruit more Black counselors. “There’s a lot of success stories out there, but there should be a whole lot more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/the-absolutely-essential-role-of-black-counselors-on-campus/663367\">This story originally appeared in EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "here-are-the-next-steps-for-schools-now-that-vaccines-for-kids-ages-5-11-are-here",
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"content": "\u003cp>With this week’s approval of a COVID vaccine for children, California schools and parents began looking ahead to a new era — one that might mean fewer mask and testing requirements, but where deep ideological divisions remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day after the Centers for Disease Control gave preliminary approval for children age 5 to 11 to receive the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, California followed suit and allowed children in California to begin receiving jabs as soon as Thursday. Some counties, including Santa Clara, have already started accepting appointments for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is going to give a lot of parents peace of mind,” said Dr. Norma Perez, a pediatrician and medical director of AltaMed Health Services in Los Angeles. “We’re 20 months into this pandemic, and this is a really important step to get us back to a state of normalcy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaccinating children will be a crucial step toward achieving herd immunity, where virus transmission tapers off because so many people have been exposed through vaccination or by becoming infected, Perez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government plans to give California 1.2 million doses of the children’s vaccine, enough to vaccinate all 5- to 11-year-olds in the next few weeks, health authorities said. Vaccines will be available at more than 4,000 clinics and schools across California, and the state is launching a public information campaign to encourage children and their parents to get vaccinated.[aside postID=news_11894138,news_11893985,news_11894903 label='Related Posts']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaccines are how we end this pandemic, and the ability to vaccinate more children who have remained vulnerable to Covid-19 strengthens our fight against this deadly virus. Californians ages 5-11 can now get the same robust protection that has helped save countless lives,” California Health and Human Services Agency Secretary Dr. Mark Ghaly and director of the California Department of Public Health and State Public Health Officer Dr. Tomás J. Aragón said in a joint statement Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last year’s winter surge was devastating in our state, and it is critically important that all eligible Californians supercharge their protection against COVID-19 ahead of the winter months,” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School districts are also encouraging parents to get their children vaccinated, but so far it appears no districts — except Culver City Unified — are requiring it. Gov. Gavin Newsom announced last month that COVID vaccinations will be required for children to attend school the first semester after the Food and Drug Administration grants full approval to the vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, San Francisco Unified and Fresno Unified are among the districts that will be offering free COVID vaccines for 5-to-11-years-olds over the next few weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are delighted to be able to offer voluntary vaccine access to students in this age group,” Los Angeles Unified announced Wednesday. “The COVID-19 vaccine is highly encouraged for children ages 5-11. … COVID-19 vaccines are safe, effective and the best way to protect our students, staff and families, and public schools are natural sites for our students and families to receive this life-saving vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, parents’ response to the vaccine approval for children is mixed. Only 27% of parents of 5- to-11-year-olds nationwide said they’d immediately get their child vaccinated against COVID-19 once a vaccine is available, according to a survey released Oct. 28 by the Kaiser Family Foundation. About one-third said they’d never get their child vaccinated, and the rest said they’d wait and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some parts of California, such as Shasta County, students and parents have staged school walkouts to protest vaccine requirements, saying vaccines should be a personal choice, not a public health mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents have expressed concern about possible side effects from the vaccine, including a rare heart inflammation called myocarditis. In trials, no children age 5 to 11 contracted the illness, although older children, especially boys, are more susceptible, according to the CDC. Most cases are mild and patients recover at home, Perez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the most common side effects of the COVID vaccine, for children and adults, are sore arms, fatigue and mild fever, Perez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894985\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11894985 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93.jpg\" alt=\"A nurse wearing gloves pushes a needle into a preteen's arm.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 10-year-old child receives the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for 5- to 11-year-olds, at Hartford Hospital in Hartford, Conn., on Nov. 2, 2021. \u003ccite>(Joseph Prezioso/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Megan Bacigalupi, director of a statewide parents’ group that advocated for schools in California to reopen, said she was thrilled about the vaccine approval but wants to see the state lift mask requirements for children at school and ease up on COVID testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have kids getting vaccinated, teachers getting booster shots, adults getting vaccinated at high rates. Schools are becoming incredibly safe,” she said. “I cannot imagine the uproar in, say, eight weeks when people see 18,000 fans at Chase Center not wearing masks but meanwhile a group of 6-year-olds who’ve all been vaccinated still have to wear masks. … It shows we are not prioritizing the needs of children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Oct. 20, the state Department of Public Health said it would consider updating its mask requirements for children by Nov. 1, but so far has not issued any changes to the requirement that children wear masks indoors and outdoors while at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s probably too early to relax mask and testing protocols because of the looming flu and cold season, Perez said. Also, it will likely take a few months before all children receive their COVID vaccine.\u003cbr>\nBut for now, the CDC’s approval of the COVID vaccine for children age 5-11 is something to celebrate, Perez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The CDC would not have approved this vaccine if it was not safe and effective,” she said. “This is something we’ve been looking forward to for months. … How does it feel to finally be here? It feels wonderful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/districts-anticipate-major-hits-to-their-2022-23-budgets-as-enrollments-drop/662448\">This story originally appeared in EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A day after the CDC gave preliminary approval for children age 5 to 11 to receive the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, California has allowed children to begin receiving jabs as soon as Thursday.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With this week’s approval of a COVID vaccine for children, California schools and parents began looking ahead to a new era — one that might mean fewer mask and testing requirements, but where deep ideological divisions remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day after the Centers for Disease Control gave preliminary approval for children age 5 to 11 to receive the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, California followed suit and allowed children in California to begin receiving jabs as soon as Thursday. Some counties, including Santa Clara, have already started accepting appointments for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is going to give a lot of parents peace of mind,” said Dr. Norma Perez, a pediatrician and medical director of AltaMed Health Services in Los Angeles. “We’re 20 months into this pandemic, and this is a really important step to get us back to a state of normalcy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaccinating children will be a crucial step toward achieving herd immunity, where virus transmission tapers off because so many people have been exposed through vaccination or by becoming infected, Perez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government plans to give California 1.2 million doses of the children’s vaccine, enough to vaccinate all 5- to 11-year-olds in the next few weeks, health authorities said. Vaccines will be available at more than 4,000 clinics and schools across California, and the state is launching a public information campaign to encourage children and their parents to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaccines are how we end this pandemic, and the ability to vaccinate more children who have remained vulnerable to Covid-19 strengthens our fight against this deadly virus. Californians ages 5-11 can now get the same robust protection that has helped save countless lives,” California Health and Human Services Agency Secretary Dr. Mark Ghaly and director of the California Department of Public Health and State Public Health Officer Dr. Tomás J. Aragón said in a joint statement Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last year’s winter surge was devastating in our state, and it is critically important that all eligible Californians supercharge their protection against COVID-19 ahead of the winter months,” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School districts are also encouraging parents to get their children vaccinated, but so far it appears no districts — except Culver City Unified — are requiring it. Gov. Gavin Newsom announced last month that COVID vaccinations will be required for children to attend school the first semester after the Food and Drug Administration grants full approval to the vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, San Francisco Unified and Fresno Unified are among the districts that will be offering free COVID vaccines for 5-to-11-years-olds over the next few weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are delighted to be able to offer voluntary vaccine access to students in this age group,” Los Angeles Unified announced Wednesday. “The COVID-19 vaccine is highly encouraged for children ages 5-11. … COVID-19 vaccines are safe, effective and the best way to protect our students, staff and families, and public schools are natural sites for our students and families to receive this life-saving vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, parents’ response to the vaccine approval for children is mixed. Only 27% of parents of 5- to-11-year-olds nationwide said they’d immediately get their child vaccinated against COVID-19 once a vaccine is available, according to a survey released Oct. 28 by the Kaiser Family Foundation. About one-third said they’d never get their child vaccinated, and the rest said they’d wait and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some parts of California, such as Shasta County, students and parents have staged school walkouts to protest vaccine requirements, saying vaccines should be a personal choice, not a public health mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents have expressed concern about possible side effects from the vaccine, including a rare heart inflammation called myocarditis. In trials, no children age 5 to 11 contracted the illness, although older children, especially boys, are more susceptible, according to the CDC. Most cases are mild and patients recover at home, Perez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the most common side effects of the COVID vaccine, for children and adults, are sore arms, fatigue and mild fever, Perez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894985\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11894985 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93.jpg\" alt=\"A nurse wearing gloves pushes a needle into a preteen's arm.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/2021_11_03_kidsvaccines-4_enl-7bd33b028df4a92b33352e537059aad79f7dad93-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 10-year-old child receives the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for 5- to 11-year-olds, at Hartford Hospital in Hartford, Conn., on Nov. 2, 2021. \u003ccite>(Joseph Prezioso/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Megan Bacigalupi, director of a statewide parents’ group that advocated for schools in California to reopen, said she was thrilled about the vaccine approval but wants to see the state lift mask requirements for children at school and ease up on COVID testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have kids getting vaccinated, teachers getting booster shots, adults getting vaccinated at high rates. Schools are becoming incredibly safe,” she said. “I cannot imagine the uproar in, say, eight weeks when people see 18,000 fans at Chase Center not wearing masks but meanwhile a group of 6-year-olds who’ve all been vaccinated still have to wear masks. … It shows we are not prioritizing the needs of children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Oct. 20, the state Department of Public Health said it would consider updating its mask requirements for children by Nov. 1, but so far has not issued any changes to the requirement that children wear masks indoors and outdoors while at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s probably too early to relax mask and testing protocols because of the looming flu and cold season, Perez said. Also, it will likely take a few months before all children receive their COVID vaccine.\u003cbr>\nBut for now, the CDC’s approval of the COVID vaccine for children age 5-11 is something to celebrate, Perez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The CDC would not have approved this vaccine if it was not safe and effective,” she said. “This is something we’ve been looking forward to for months. … How does it feel to finally be here? It feels wonderful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/districts-anticipate-major-hits-to-their-2022-23-budgets-as-enrollments-drop/662448\">This story originally appeared in EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why Child Care in California Hasn't Rebounded",
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"content": "\u003cp>For Tonya Muhammad, who runs the Lil Critters family day care in Hawthorne, spring of 2020 was, in a word, “horrible.” The early rush on cleaning supplies meant that she and her husband had to criss-cross Los Angeles to find disinfectant, sourcing bottles of Lysol from a dental supply company and aloe vera from a local nursery to make homemade hand sanitizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that wasn’t the worst of it. Muhammad’s assistant left, fearing for the health of her grandmother, whom she lived with. That was in March of 2020, and Muhammad hasn’t been able to find a replacement since, despite posting the job on Indeed and Facebook Jobs and at a nearby community college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve even paid for fingerprints for a couple [of applicants] and then there’s just no follow-up,” said Muhammad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without the watchful eyes of a second adult, she’s had to reduce the number of kids she looks after from 14 to 6, and has gone from being a 24-hour day care to operating from 6 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. She estimates that her income from the day care has fallen by more than half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lost about 27,800 child care workers between February and April of 2020 — or roughly a third of its workforce — according to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. From then through September of 2021, about 19,600 have come back. Still, the workforce is about 10% smaller than it was prepandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the pandemic, however, there wasn’t enough child care available in California to meet families’ needs. Labor issues that long bubbled below the surface are now driving acute staffing shortages: low pay, long hours and limited benefits. That makes it hard to earn a living in an industry that supports the rest of the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care providers find themselves stretching across a gap between what parents are able to afford and the wages they need to offer to attract and retain staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of California plays a role here: It reimburses some child care providers who care for lower- and moderate-income families, at rates advocates argue have long been too low. In June, a new union representing home child care providers who work with families receiving state subsidies \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/education/child-care-providers-united-reach-first-labor-contract-california-providers\">won workers a 15% raise from the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, most Californian child care is provided through the private market. And that system has failed miserably, says Elena Montoya, a senior research and policy associate at UC Berkeley’s Center for the Study of Child Care Employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The current [labor] shortage is a result of placing the burden of paying for child care on parents, rather than acknowledging that child care is a public good,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://infogram.com/sept-incl-childcare-workforce-size-1hxr4zxgz08oo6y\" title=\"sept incl childcare workforce size\" width=\"800\" height=\"745\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A pandemic was the last thing child care providers needed. Day care centers weren’t sure what the COVID-19 rules would be for them and were struggling to secure protective gear, said Cecilia Rojas, resource and referral manager at Crystal Stairs, a Los Angeles-based organization that helps families find child care. Some child care workers quit to take care of their own school-aged children, who were suddenly stuck at home. Others left because they were worried about being exposed to the virus. Parents pulled their kids out of day care, leading to budget shortfalls and closures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal and state relief funds did help keep child care facilities open. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.naeyc.org/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/user-74/naeyc_survey_statedatawithquotes_sep2021.pdf\">survey\u003c/a> of early childhood educators conducted by the National Association for the Education of Young Children in early summer found that nearly half of the 1,200 respondents in California said they would have had to close were it not for the aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the federal funds, said Montoya, “as important and terrific as they are, they really are a short-term stopgap to avoid the total collapse of the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California made a large\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/07/09/california-roars-back-governor-newsom-signs-historic-education-package-to-reimagine-public-schools/\"> investment in transitional kindergarten\u003c/a> in July, committing $2.7 billion to expand free transitional kindergarten to all 4-year-olds across the state by the school year that starts in 2025. Proponents consider that a game changer; some \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11893791/why-californias-universal-transitional-kindergarten-plan-poses-a-threat-to-some-early-childhood-ed-providers\">child care operators fear it could undercut their business model\u003c/a> as they lose 4-year-olds whose tuition helps cover the higher cost of caring for infants.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Elena Montoya, a senior research and policy associate\"]'The current [labor] shortage is a result of placing the burden of paying for child care on parents, rather than acknowledging that child care is a public good.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, lots of child care facilities can’t fill their job openings. “Programs are actually having to close for the day or for the week, and it’s not because they don’t have children to serve,” said Nina Buthee, executive director of EveryChild California, an organization that supports early childhood educators. It’s because they’re short-staffed, she said. Buthee says it’s the first time she’s heard of that happening in the 20 years she’s been working on child care issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://infogram.com/childcare-work-pay-by-age-ca-1h7k230xw1w9g2x\" title=\"sept incl childcare workforce size\" width=\"800\" height=\"445\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care workers earn lower wages than pre-K teachers, who in turn make less than kindergarten teachers, according to data from the Center for the Study of Child Care Employment at Berkeley. There are several factors driving the pay gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is that kindergarten teachers are required to have bachelor’s degrees, whereas child care providers typically are not. But there are less quantifiable factors, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve undervalued and underpaid caregiving” said Kristin Schumacher, a senior policy analyst at the California Budget and Policy Center, “for as long as it’s been a career choice, and this has sexist and racist roots that can be traced back to slavery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lower pay for child care workers also creates a racial pay disparity among early childhood educators, says Montoya, since Black and Latino women are more likely to work with infants and toddlers than their white peers, who are more likely to be preschool or kindergarten teachers. Researchers at the Berkeley center calculated that nationally, Black early educators are paid on average $0.78 less per hour than their white counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wages are so low that many child care workers have side gigs or second jobs to make ends meet. Muhammad, the owner of Lil Critters, wrote a book about child care and works as a consultant, advising other providers. She now makes about half of her income from those other endeavors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tonia McMillian, who owns a family child care business in Bellflower and was active in \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2019/10/childcare-workers/\">the effort to unionize child care workers\u003c/a>, also teaches CPR classes and runs a catering business. At one point, she said, she was paying her staff minimum wage but only making $4.15 per hour herself, after covering all the costs of running the business. “Something [is] wrong with that picture,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The low wages also mean that child care workers end up on public assistance. In 2018, the Berkeley center found that \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/2018-Index-California.pdf\">58% of child care workers families’ in California are on one or more public assistance programs\u003c/a>, like CalFresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way or the other, there’s public money going to child care workers, says Gemma DiMatteo, research director for California Child Care Resource and Referral Network. “It’s through these social support services, or you could just fund the child care and make sure that the staff is getting paid adequately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://infogram.com/childcare-v-all-workers-wages-1ho16vomv9j384n\" title=\"sept incl childcare workforce size\" width=\"800\" height=\"631\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One factor holding down child care providers’ low wages: the state reimbursement rate for care for lower- and moderate-income families. The state uses two rates, depending on the subsidy program. One, known as the regional market rate, is used to subsidize care for parents who have lower incomes and are working or seeking employment. That rate isn’t based on what it costs to provide high-quality child care and pay staff well — it’s based on a state study of what child care providers in different regions charge families. But the market rate isn’t necessarily representative of how much child care providers actually need; it reflects what they think they can reasonably charge parents who are already, in many cases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/publication/breaking-the-silence-on-early-child-care-and-education-costs-a-values-based-budget-for-children-parents-and-teachers-in-california/\">paying more than they can afford\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regional market rate also is often out-of-date. The state conducts the market analysis every couple of years; right now, California is reimbursing some child care providers based on numbers from 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muhammad said that for her, even that 15% increase from the home-based child care providers union won't make a meaningful difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care has been underfunded for so long, said Buthee of EveryChild California, that rate increases need to be huge to make a difference. Making the system whole in California would cost about a billion dollars, she continued. “When you look at the budget, it’s like, ‘Whoa, whoa, whoa, that’s too much money,’” she said, but “that’s just how much it costs to catch up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894532\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1554px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/Screen-Shot-2021-11-01-at-11.21.01-AM-e1635791098779.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11894532 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/Screen-Shot-2021-11-01-at-11.21.01-AM-e1635791098779.png\" alt=\"A 'mud kitchen' for children at Tonya Muhammad's day care.\" width=\"1554\" height=\"1032\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 'mud kitchen' for children at Tonya Muhammad's day care in Hawthorne on Oct. 28, 2021. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Harmit Pabla, who owns Genius Kids, a child care center in Sacramento County that serves more than 100 kids, has had six of his staff of 16 leave over the last year. Three left for reasons directly related to the pandemic and three found different jobs, including at Amazon and Walmart distribution centers. Those companies offered slightly better benefits, said Pabla. As large corporations, they have more buying power to negotiate lower rates with insurance companies. “We can’t compete with the big boys,” Pabla said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s getting inquiries from parents about openings, but he said he’s not accepting more children because he can’t find staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across California, 77% of early childhood educators surveyed \u003ca href=\"https://www.naeyc.org/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/user-74/naeyc_survey_statedatawithquotes_sep2021.pdf\">identify wages as the main recruitment challenge\u003c/a>. But unlike other industries, where business owners can cover increasing wages by raising prices, lots of child care owners know their customers — parents — can’t afford to pay more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While kids are heading back to in-person school and the coronavirus delta variant appears to be in decline, California’s child care system is not in the clear. The survey by the National Association for the Education of Young Children found that 47% of respondents in California were considering leaving their program or closing their home child care location within the next year.[aside postID=news_11892267,news_11892891,news_11893791 label='Related Posts']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be especially true for workers who had just gotten their start before the virus made the job more risky and complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Will we lose those excited new educators who could have gone on to become really seasoned, amazing contributors to the field?” asked Krista Olson, a research and policy associate at the Berkeley Center for the Study of Child Care Employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McMillian, who is 62, hopes to retire from child care soon. “It’s extremely hard to walk away, especially if you don’t have a nest egg,” she said. She’s started working as a child care consultant, and just signed a lease on space to open a sports bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muhammad is planning her exit, too. Once she winds down her child care business, she’ll be relying on her other gigs: her consulting, a child care course and book she wrote, a hotline she runs to answer providers’ questions, speaking gigs and more. It will take some time to make sure those projects bring in enough steady income. “I wish it was yesterday,” she said, “but I’m giving myself a year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For Tonya Muhammad, who runs the Lil Critters family day care in Hawthorne, spring of 2020 was, in a word, “horrible.” The early rush on cleaning supplies meant that she and her husband had to criss-cross Los Angeles to find disinfectant, sourcing bottles of Lysol from a dental supply company and aloe vera from a local nursery to make homemade hand sanitizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that wasn’t the worst of it. Muhammad’s assistant left, fearing for the health of her grandmother, whom she lived with. That was in March of 2020, and Muhammad hasn’t been able to find a replacement since, despite posting the job on Indeed and Facebook Jobs and at a nearby community college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve even paid for fingerprints for a couple [of applicants] and then there’s just no follow-up,” said Muhammad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without the watchful eyes of a second adult, she’s had to reduce the number of kids she looks after from 14 to 6, and has gone from being a 24-hour day care to operating from 6 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. She estimates that her income from the day care has fallen by more than half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lost about 27,800 child care workers between February and April of 2020 — or roughly a third of its workforce — according to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. From then through September of 2021, about 19,600 have come back. Still, the workforce is about 10% smaller than it was prepandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the pandemic, however, there wasn’t enough child care available in California to meet families’ needs. Labor issues that long bubbled below the surface are now driving acute staffing shortages: low pay, long hours and limited benefits. That makes it hard to earn a living in an industry that supports the rest of the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care providers find themselves stretching across a gap between what parents are able to afford and the wages they need to offer to attract and retain staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of California plays a role here: It reimburses some child care providers who care for lower- and moderate-income families, at rates advocates argue have long been too low. In June, a new union representing home child care providers who work with families receiving state subsidies \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/education/child-care-providers-united-reach-first-labor-contract-california-providers\">won workers a 15% raise from the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, most Californian child care is provided through the private market. And that system has failed miserably, says Elena Montoya, a senior research and policy associate at UC Berkeley’s Center for the Study of Child Care Employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The current [labor] shortage is a result of placing the burden of paying for child care on parents, rather than acknowledging that child care is a public good,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://infogram.com/sept-incl-childcare-workforce-size-1hxr4zxgz08oo6y\" title=\"sept incl childcare workforce size\" width=\"800\" height=\"745\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A pandemic was the last thing child care providers needed. Day care centers weren’t sure what the COVID-19 rules would be for them and were struggling to secure protective gear, said Cecilia Rojas, resource and referral manager at Crystal Stairs, a Los Angeles-based organization that helps families find child care. Some child care workers quit to take care of their own school-aged children, who were suddenly stuck at home. Others left because they were worried about being exposed to the virus. Parents pulled their kids out of day care, leading to budget shortfalls and closures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal and state relief funds did help keep child care facilities open. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.naeyc.org/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/user-74/naeyc_survey_statedatawithquotes_sep2021.pdf\">survey\u003c/a> of early childhood educators conducted by the National Association for the Education of Young Children in early summer found that nearly half of the 1,200 respondents in California said they would have had to close were it not for the aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the federal funds, said Montoya, “as important and terrific as they are, they really are a short-term stopgap to avoid the total collapse of the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California made a large\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/07/09/california-roars-back-governor-newsom-signs-historic-education-package-to-reimagine-public-schools/\"> investment in transitional kindergarten\u003c/a> in July, committing $2.7 billion to expand free transitional kindergarten to all 4-year-olds across the state by the school year that starts in 2025. Proponents consider that a game changer; some \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11893791/why-californias-universal-transitional-kindergarten-plan-poses-a-threat-to-some-early-childhood-ed-providers\">child care operators fear it could undercut their business model\u003c/a> as they lose 4-year-olds whose tuition helps cover the higher cost of caring for infants.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, lots of child care facilities can’t fill their job openings. “Programs are actually having to close for the day or for the week, and it’s not because they don’t have children to serve,” said Nina Buthee, executive director of EveryChild California, an organization that supports early childhood educators. It’s because they’re short-staffed, she said. Buthee says it’s the first time she’s heard of that happening in the 20 years she’s been working on child care issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://infogram.com/childcare-work-pay-by-age-ca-1h7k230xw1w9g2x\" title=\"sept incl childcare workforce size\" width=\"800\" height=\"445\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care workers earn lower wages than pre-K teachers, who in turn make less than kindergarten teachers, according to data from the Center for the Study of Child Care Employment at Berkeley. There are several factors driving the pay gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is that kindergarten teachers are required to have bachelor’s degrees, whereas child care providers typically are not. But there are less quantifiable factors, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve undervalued and underpaid caregiving” said Kristin Schumacher, a senior policy analyst at the California Budget and Policy Center, “for as long as it’s been a career choice, and this has sexist and racist roots that can be traced back to slavery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lower pay for child care workers also creates a racial pay disparity among early childhood educators, says Montoya, since Black and Latino women are more likely to work with infants and toddlers than their white peers, who are more likely to be preschool or kindergarten teachers. Researchers at the Berkeley center calculated that nationally, Black early educators are paid on average $0.78 less per hour than their white counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wages are so low that many child care workers have side gigs or second jobs to make ends meet. Muhammad, the owner of Lil Critters, wrote a book about child care and works as a consultant, advising other providers. She now makes about half of her income from those other endeavors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tonia McMillian, who owns a family child care business in Bellflower and was active in \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2019/10/childcare-workers/\">the effort to unionize child care workers\u003c/a>, also teaches CPR classes and runs a catering business. At one point, she said, she was paying her staff minimum wage but only making $4.15 per hour herself, after covering all the costs of running the business. “Something [is] wrong with that picture,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The low wages also mean that child care workers end up on public assistance. In 2018, the Berkeley center found that \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/2018-Index-California.pdf\">58% of child care workers families’ in California are on one or more public assistance programs\u003c/a>, like CalFresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way or the other, there’s public money going to child care workers, says Gemma DiMatteo, research director for California Child Care Resource and Referral Network. “It’s through these social support services, or you could just fund the child care and make sure that the staff is getting paid adequately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://infogram.com/childcare-v-all-workers-wages-1ho16vomv9j384n\" title=\"sept incl childcare workforce size\" width=\"800\" height=\"631\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One factor holding down child care providers’ low wages: the state reimbursement rate for care for lower- and moderate-income families. The state uses two rates, depending on the subsidy program. One, known as the regional market rate, is used to subsidize care for parents who have lower incomes and are working or seeking employment. That rate isn’t based on what it costs to provide high-quality child care and pay staff well — it’s based on a state study of what child care providers in different regions charge families. But the market rate isn’t necessarily representative of how much child care providers actually need; it reflects what they think they can reasonably charge parents who are already, in many cases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/publication/breaking-the-silence-on-early-child-care-and-education-costs-a-values-based-budget-for-children-parents-and-teachers-in-california/\">paying more than they can afford\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regional market rate also is often out-of-date. The state conducts the market analysis every couple of years; right now, California is reimbursing some child care providers based on numbers from 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muhammad said that for her, even that 15% increase from the home-based child care providers union won't make a meaningful difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care has been underfunded for so long, said Buthee of EveryChild California, that rate increases need to be huge to make a difference. Making the system whole in California would cost about a billion dollars, she continued. “When you look at the budget, it’s like, ‘Whoa, whoa, whoa, that’s too much money,’” she said, but “that’s just how much it costs to catch up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894532\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1554px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/Screen-Shot-2021-11-01-at-11.21.01-AM-e1635791098779.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11894532 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/Screen-Shot-2021-11-01-at-11.21.01-AM-e1635791098779.png\" alt=\"A 'mud kitchen' for children at Tonya Muhammad's day care.\" width=\"1554\" height=\"1032\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 'mud kitchen' for children at Tonya Muhammad's day care in Hawthorne on Oct. 28, 2021. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Harmit Pabla, who owns Genius Kids, a child care center in Sacramento County that serves more than 100 kids, has had six of his staff of 16 leave over the last year. Three left for reasons directly related to the pandemic and three found different jobs, including at Amazon and Walmart distribution centers. Those companies offered slightly better benefits, said Pabla. As large corporations, they have more buying power to negotiate lower rates with insurance companies. “We can’t compete with the big boys,” Pabla said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s getting inquiries from parents about openings, but he said he’s not accepting more children because he can’t find staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across California, 77% of early childhood educators surveyed \u003ca href=\"https://www.naeyc.org/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/user-74/naeyc_survey_statedatawithquotes_sep2021.pdf\">identify wages as the main recruitment challenge\u003c/a>. But unlike other industries, where business owners can cover increasing wages by raising prices, lots of child care owners know their customers — parents — can’t afford to pay more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While kids are heading back to in-person school and the coronavirus delta variant appears to be in decline, California’s child care system is not in the clear. The survey by the National Association for the Education of Young Children found that 47% of respondents in California were considering leaving their program or closing their home child care location within the next year.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be especially true for workers who had just gotten their start before the virus made the job more risky and complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Will we lose those excited new educators who could have gone on to become really seasoned, amazing contributors to the field?” asked Krista Olson, a research and policy associate at the Berkeley Center for the Study of Child Care Employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McMillian, who is 62, hopes to retire from child care soon. “It’s extremely hard to walk away, especially if you don’t have a nest egg,” she said. She’s started working as a child care consultant, and just signed a lease on space to open a sports bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muhammad is planning her exit, too. Once she winds down her child care business, she’ll be relying on her other gigs: her consulting, a child care course and book she wrote, a hotline she runs to answer providers’ questions, speaking gigs and more. It will take some time to make sure those projects bring in enough steady income. “I wish it was yesterday,” she said, “but I’m giving myself a year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Climate demonstrators gathered outside the San Francisco headquarters of investment management company BlackRock on Friday, as part of a global day of action demanding financial institutions “\u003ca href=\"https://bankonourfuture.org/defund-climate-chaos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">defund climate chaos\u003c/a>” — end funding of corporations that perpetuate climate destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day of action, which took place in at least 100 cities around the world, was timed ahead of \u003ca href=\"https://unfccc.int/conference/glasgow-climate-change-conference-october-november-2021\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COP26\u003c/a>, the United Nations climate conference beginning in Glasgow on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894455\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11894455\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A drawn picture of a fist with a carrot can be seen, and several people paint and do art on the street \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of Urban Tilth paint a mural on the 400 block of Howard Street in San Francisco on Oct. 29, 2021, part of a climate strike in advance of the Glasgow climate summit. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://bankonourfuture.org/defund-climate-chaos/home/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bank on Our Future\u003c/a> campaign says that stopping the funding of asset managers like BlackRock would help stop the flow of funding for oil and gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 200 kids left school in a climate strike, joined by survivors of wildfires across the state and Indigenous leaders. Eight demonstrators blocked the entrances to BlackRock’s building throughout the day, and two were arrested after hanging a banner saying, “Investments set the world on fire from CA to Amazon #DefundClimateChaos” from the nearby Salesforce Transit Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to a march and rally, participants painted a block-long street mural with paint made from California wildfire ash. \u003ca href=\"https://www.youthvsapocalypse.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Youth Vs. Apocalypse\u003c/a>, a group of young climate justice activists who focus on youth of color and working class youth, organized the march.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It hits home for us because we’re from Richmond,” said Marco Lemus, a 26-year-old community organizer with \u003ca href=\"https://urbantilth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Urban Tilth\u003c/a>. “We have Chevron, which is a huge corporation, polluting our air constantly and flaring — stuff that we deal with on a daily basis.” Lemus was headed to Glasgow to participate in direct action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894456\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11894456 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A crowd of many different people — mostly young people of color — walk with signs and drums: 'divest from death' and 'people vs fossil fuels.' \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A few hundred people, primarily youth, march through downtown San Francisco in a youth-led protest against fossil fuels on Oct. 29, 2021, as part of a global day of climate action in advance of COP26, the Glasgow climate summit.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Others, like Solwazi Allah, a 24-year-old Richmond resident who also works for Urban Tilth, called out BlackRock for investing in fossil fuel companies. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Solwazi Allah, Richmond resident who works for Urban Tilth\"]‘The fossil fuel industry is enemy No. 1 for us personally.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fossil fuel industry is enemy No. 1 for us personally,” Allah said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BlackRock representatives did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many young people decided to take the day to strike, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youthvsapocalypse.org/\">organizers included a school excusal notice on their website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Asthma is the most common reason for school absences, and climate change is linked to several well-known asthma triggers, including extreme heat, air pollution, allergies, and mold,” the note reads. “Students around the world are asserting their right to inherit a livable planet, and we stand with them in this fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventeen-year-old Lizbeth Ibarra, a high school student and organizer with Youth vs. Apocalypse, said, “Investments in the fossil fuel industry are also investments in the destruction of my future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loryan Boyette Tindall, a fifth grader at Manzanita SEED Elementary School in Oakland, said he has asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t help when there are smoky days,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boyette Tindall came with parent chaperones and classmates to send the message that young people are invested in keeping fossil fuels in the ground. He said he plans to be a climate activist for the rest of his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894466\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11894466\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A young woman in a purple skirt paints with green on a San Francisco street as part of a climate rally\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elizabeth Hoover paints a mural that says ‘Water Is Life,’ along with the group Idle No More SF Bay, on the 400 block of Howard Street in San Francisco on Oct. 29, 2021, part of a climate strike in advance of the Glasgow climate summit. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many demonstrators took aim at BlackRock, where CEO Larry Fink helms \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/oct/12/top-three-asset-managers-fossil-fuel-investments\">one of the world’s largest fossil fuel investment portfolios, worth $87 billion\u003c/a>. Fink pushed BlackRock to vote against shareholder resolutions that were pro-climate, according to The Guardian. Other reports say the company has\u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/blackrock-larry-fink-climate-letter-greenwashing-reclaim-finance-urgewald-070023916.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> $85 billion invested in coal\u003c/a>. As of 2019, BlackRock also was one of the the largest investors in PG&E.[aside tag=\"climate-change\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By now, it should be no surprise to Larry Fink that we are at the doorsteps of BlackRock here in San Francisco,” said Isabella Zizi of \u003ca href=\"http://www.idlenomoresfbay.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Idle No More SF Bay\u003c/a>, in a press release ahead of the event. “Yet again, we continue to demand he take initiative on climate change and make immediate and needed decisions that are going to ensure a clean and safe future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fink has been called \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/08/business/dealbook/blackrock-shareholder-voting-power.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the world’s most powerful investor\u003c/a> as well as one of \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/oct/27/climate-crisis-villains-americas-dirty-dozen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">America’s top climate villains\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Survivors of California’s many wildfires made their voices heard at the protest. “How many more disasters must we witness, must our kids witness?” asked Wendy McCall, who said she lost her home in the 2018 Camp Fire, which destroyed the town of Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894464\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11894464 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt='A woman stands back to camera with a \"youth vs apocalypse\" sign on her back and holding a bullhorn.' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A few hundred people, primarily youth, march through downtown San Francisco in a youth-led protest against fossil fuels on Oct. 29, 2021, as a part of a global day of climate action in advance of COP26, the Glasgow climate summit. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen Myers, who was born and raised in Paradise and who founded an organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.regeneratingparadise.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Regenerating Paradise\u003c/a> in the aftermath of the Camp Fire, also turned out in support. He previously delivered ashes from his hometown to Senator Dianne Feinstein and Speaker Nancy Pelosi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are here today to call upon corporations like BlackRock and elected leaders to stop extracting fossil fuels,” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hannah Wilson-James, who lost her family home in the CZU Complex Fire of August 2020, echoed other fire survivors and emphasized the importance of taking action immediately. “Unless BlackRock takes meaningful action now to drive down emissions, more towns will burn, and our pain and dispossession will be the price paid for their profits,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Climate demonstrators gathered outside the San Francisco headquarters of investment management company BlackRock on Friday, as part of a global day of action demanding financial institutions “\u003ca href=\"https://bankonourfuture.org/defund-climate-chaos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">defund climate chaos\u003c/a>” — end funding of corporations that perpetuate climate destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day of action, which took place in at least 100 cities around the world, was timed ahead of \u003ca href=\"https://unfccc.int/conference/glasgow-climate-change-conference-october-november-2021\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COP26\u003c/a>, the United Nations climate conference beginning in Glasgow on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894455\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11894455\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A drawn picture of a fist with a carrot can be seen, and several people paint and do art on the street \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52223_002_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of Urban Tilth paint a mural on the 400 block of Howard Street in San Francisco on Oct. 29, 2021, part of a climate strike in advance of the Glasgow climate summit. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://bankonourfuture.org/defund-climate-chaos/home/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bank on Our Future\u003c/a> campaign says that stopping the funding of asset managers like BlackRock would help stop the flow of funding for oil and gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 200 kids left school in a climate strike, joined by survivors of wildfires across the state and Indigenous leaders. Eight demonstrators blocked the entrances to BlackRock’s building throughout the day, and two were arrested after hanging a banner saying, “Investments set the world on fire from CA to Amazon #DefundClimateChaos” from the nearby Salesforce Transit Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to a march and rally, participants painted a block-long street mural with paint made from California wildfire ash. \u003ca href=\"https://www.youthvsapocalypse.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Youth Vs. Apocalypse\u003c/a>, a group of young climate justice activists who focus on youth of color and working class youth, organized the march.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It hits home for us because we’re from Richmond,” said Marco Lemus, a 26-year-old community organizer with \u003ca href=\"https://urbantilth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Urban Tilth\u003c/a>. “We have Chevron, which is a huge corporation, polluting our air constantly and flaring — stuff that we deal with on a daily basis.” Lemus was headed to Glasgow to participate in direct action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894456\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11894456 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A crowd of many different people — mostly young people of color — walk with signs and drums: 'divest from death' and 'people vs fossil fuels.' \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52232_009_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A few hundred people, primarily youth, march through downtown San Francisco in a youth-led protest against fossil fuels on Oct. 29, 2021, as part of a global day of climate action in advance of COP26, the Glasgow climate summit.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Others, like Solwazi Allah, a 24-year-old Richmond resident who also works for Urban Tilth, called out BlackRock for investing in fossil fuel companies. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘The fossil fuel industry is enemy No. 1 for us personally.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fossil fuel industry is enemy No. 1 for us personally,” Allah said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BlackRock representatives did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many young people decided to take the day to strike, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youthvsapocalypse.org/\">organizers included a school excusal notice on their website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Asthma is the most common reason for school absences, and climate change is linked to several well-known asthma triggers, including extreme heat, air pollution, allergies, and mold,” the note reads. “Students around the world are asserting their right to inherit a livable planet, and we stand with them in this fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventeen-year-old Lizbeth Ibarra, a high school student and organizer with Youth vs. Apocalypse, said, “Investments in the fossil fuel industry are also investments in the destruction of my future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loryan Boyette Tindall, a fifth grader at Manzanita SEED Elementary School in Oakland, said he has asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t help when there are smoky days,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boyette Tindall came with parent chaperones and classmates to send the message that young people are invested in keeping fossil fuels in the ground. He said he plans to be a climate activist for the rest of his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894466\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11894466\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A young woman in a purple skirt paints with green on a San Francisco street as part of a climate rally\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52224_001_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elizabeth Hoover paints a mural that says ‘Water Is Life,’ along with the group Idle No More SF Bay, on the 400 block of Howard Street in San Francisco on Oct. 29, 2021, part of a climate strike in advance of the Glasgow climate summit. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many demonstrators took aim at BlackRock, where CEO Larry Fink helms \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/oct/12/top-three-asset-managers-fossil-fuel-investments\">one of the world’s largest fossil fuel investment portfolios, worth $87 billion\u003c/a>. Fink pushed BlackRock to vote against shareholder resolutions that were pro-climate, according to The Guardian. Other reports say the company has\u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/blackrock-larry-fink-climate-letter-greenwashing-reclaim-finance-urgewald-070023916.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> $85 billion invested in coal\u003c/a>. As of 2019, BlackRock also was one of the the largest investors in PG&E.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By now, it should be no surprise to Larry Fink that we are at the doorsteps of BlackRock here in San Francisco,” said Isabella Zizi of \u003ca href=\"http://www.idlenomoresfbay.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Idle No More SF Bay\u003c/a>, in a press release ahead of the event. “Yet again, we continue to demand he take initiative on climate change and make immediate and needed decisions that are going to ensure a clean and safe future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fink has been called \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/08/business/dealbook/blackrock-shareholder-voting-power.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the world’s most powerful investor\u003c/a> as well as one of \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/oct/27/climate-crisis-villains-americas-dirty-dozen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">America’s top climate villains\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Survivors of California’s many wildfires made their voices heard at the protest. “How many more disasters must we witness, must our kids witness?” asked Wendy McCall, who said she lost her home in the 2018 Camp Fire, which destroyed the town of Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11894464\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11894464 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt='A woman stands back to camera with a \"youth vs apocalypse\" sign on her back and holding a bullhorn.' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52244_022_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A few hundred people, primarily youth, march through downtown San Francisco in a youth-led protest against fossil fuels on Oct. 29, 2021, as a part of a global day of climate action in advance of COP26, the Glasgow climate summit. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen Myers, who was born and raised in Paradise and who founded an organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.regeneratingparadise.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Regenerating Paradise\u003c/a> in the aftermath of the Camp Fire, also turned out in support. He previously delivered ashes from his hometown to Senator Dianne Feinstein and Speaker Nancy Pelosi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are here today to call upon corporations like BlackRock and elected leaders to stop extracting fossil fuels,” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hannah Wilson-James, who lost her family home in the CZU Complex Fire of August 2020, echoed other fire survivors and emphasized the importance of taking action immediately. “Unless BlackRock takes meaningful action now to drive down emissions, more towns will burn, and our pain and dispossession will be the price paid for their profits,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "SF School Board Recall Funded Mostly by Local Donors, With Venture Capitalists Topping the List",
"title": "SF School Board Recall Funded Mostly by Local Donors, With Venture Capitalists Topping the List",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco’s school board has spent the past year in the national spotlight, garnering the attention of pundits from Fox News to the New York Times editorial pages for its controversial decisions on distance learning, school renamings and admissions policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11892743/recall-of-3-san-francisco-school-board-members-headed-to-ballot\">The campaign to recall board members\u003c/a> Alison Collins, Gabriela López and Faauuga Moliga, however, has relied on a donor network close to home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A KQED analysis of campaign filings for the election, slated for Feb. 15, found that at least 76% of the pro-recall cash raised so far is coming from donors in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of the recall, who haven’t started fundraising, will likely seek to portray the campaign as spearheaded by forces outside of the city — as has been the case in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/26/1049078199/a-look-at-the-groups-supporting-school-board-protesters-nationwide\">a number of other recent school board protests across the country \u003c/a>— said Jason McDaniel, associate professor of political science at San Francisco State University, who reviewed KQED’s findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I suspect they'll still do that message, but I do think that so far the fact that most of the donations ... are coming from people in San Francisco who are individuals will at least be a counterargument to that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Local networks'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But the campaign finance reports filed with the city do reveal some potential political vulnerabilities for the recall campaign: Its top donors are wealthy venture capitalists who could serve as prime foils for the unions likely to bankroll the imperiled board members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the recall campaign, at least initially, appears to be more of an “amateur affair” than an orchestrated big money takeover of San Francisco schools, McDaniel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't mean that in an insulting way. There's not maybe a ton of political experience there,” he added. “But what that seems to be is that they're turning to their local networks. ... That's where they're getting their contributions from so far. I suspect that's pretty politically smart as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the $581,240 raised by the recall committee through the end of September, at least $442,834 (76%) came from donors in the city, compared to at least $76,435 (13%) from outside of San Francisco. The remaining 11% of contributions were under $100 — classified as unitemized — meaning the donors did not have to disclose their names or location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11905144\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1531\" height=\"1050\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1.png 1531w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1-800x549.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1-1020x700.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1-160x110.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1531px) 100vw, 1531px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nBy comparison, some 63% of the donations made to candidates running for school board last year originated in San Francisco, and local measures on the ballot last November got 60% of their cash from city donors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The vast majority of donors actually are just from our community,” said Siva Raj, a San Francisco public school parent who is co-chair of the recall campaign. “These are parents, teachers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>William Hack, who spent 31 years working for the San Francisco Unified School District as a teacher, principal and department supervisor, said he kicked in $75 and volunteered to gather signatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I've never seen a board like this one,” he said, “and I've been through, over my years in the district, many school board meetings.”[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"san-francisco-school-board\"]Hack said the controversy surrounding \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11867599/censured-sf-school-board-member-alison-collins-sues-district-colleagues-for-constitutional-rights-violations\">school board Commissioner Alison Collins’s tweets\u003c/a>, which included derogatory comments about Asian people, moved him to action, but he has plenty of other gripes. And while he fundamentally backed the board’s controversial effort to rename schools and overhaul the admissions policy to increase diversity at Lowell High School, he questioned the timing and handling of both initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do not typically ever support recalls, but this is different,” Hack said. “There needs to be a lesson here about their ongoing behavior and refusal to listen to the stakeholders in our city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, national press coverage of the school board's recent controversies is helping to bring in money from across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Dalzell of Dover, New Hampshire, has no personal ties to the district. He said he chipped in $500 after reading about the issue this summer in The Wall Street Journal. For him, it’s ideological.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years Dalzell chaired the board of a Los Angeles charter school and said he grew frustrated with the district's school board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I've always been interested in trying to get more advantages for kids in low-income areas,” he said, “and so I view San Francisco as representative of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Venture capitalists top donor list\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some of the recall’s biggest donors also have a history of involvement with education policy and politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The top two donors, Arthur Rock and David Sacks, have each put in $49,500. Rock, a self-employed venture capitalist with a record of funding education-related causes, has contributed to organizations with ties to charter schools, including political advocacy arms of the California Charter Schools Association, and the EdVoice for the Kids political action committee. Sacks, a fellow venture capitalist who runs Craft Ventures, contributed $180,000 to the campaign to recall Gov. Gavin Newsom and recently hosted a fundraiser in San Francisco for Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the top 10 contributors so far to the SF school board recall campaign — all of whom have given at least $10,000 — six identified as partners or investors at venture capital firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1.png\" alt=\"A horizontal bar chart showing top 10 donors to SF school board recall.\" width=\"1540\" height=\"915\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11905147\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1.png 1540w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1-800x475.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1-1020x606.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1-160x95.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1-1536x913.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1540px) 100vw, 1540px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nIn his campaign against the gubernatorial recall earlier this year, Newsom frequently invoked the donors of the campaign to oust him (including former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee and the Republican National Committee) as he attempted to tar the effort as out of step with the majority of California voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, the three school board members facing removal could point to the recall’s top donors as symbols of the city’s financial elite attempting to strong-arm a local election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What it tells me is that so many of the people who live in San Francisco who are wealthy happen to come from that world,” McDaniel said. “I do think that's a potential vulnerability in terms of a political message. But right now, it does not feel like a very credible one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But venture capitalists aren’t the only big spenders. The Chinese American Democratic Club of San Francisco kicked in $10,000. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfcadc.org/letter_to\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CADC opposed the change to the Lowell admissions policy\u003c/a>, but CADC Education Committee Chair Seeyew Mo says the group's decision to donate was solely prompted by Collins's tweets.[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about a policy disagreement in terms of Commissioner Alison Collins. This is about rooting out anti-Asian sentiment and ideology from public education,” Mo said, pointing out that many CADC members volunteered to collect signatures to recall Collins. “A lot of the grassroots movement that you heard about, a lot of them are Chinese Americans who have not been politically active until this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CADC will announce its position on the recall of Lopez and Moliga after holding a membership vote, Mo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group called San Francisco Common Sense Voter Guide, a committee supporting the recall of SF District Attorney Chesa Boudin, contributed $9,000 to the school board recall. That committee receives much of its funding from another political group called Neighbors for a Better San Francisco Advocacy, which is funded by a handful of wealthy San Francisco investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Dropping self-imposed donation limits\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Initially, the recall campaign placed a $99.99 cap on donations, even though there’s no legal limit on fundraising for this type of campaign. It was an attempt, leaders said, to prevent any donor from having an outsize voice in the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there were practical reasons, too: Contributions under $100 don’t require record-keeping, which campaign leaders expected they’d have to do themselves and “didn’t want to screw it up,” said campaign co-chair Autumn Looijen, a San Francisco resident whose children live in Los Altos.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Larry Tramutola, political consultant\"]'This is far from a done deal. It's a lot easier collecting signatures for a recall than to recall someone. So I expect a battle royal.'[/pullquote]The self-imposed limit was later increased significantly, to $49,500, to fund paid signature gatherers. State law requires donations of $50,000 or more to be printed on the paper petitions, which Looijen said would leave less space for signatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, the campaign raised $61,971 in small-dollar donations (under $100). The balance between smaller and larger donations indicates strong grassroots support, said political consultant Larry Tramutola, though he added that larger donations are vital for building a campaign’s infrastructure and legitimacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bigger contributions help you to get smaller contributions,” he added. “No one, even if they don't like the school board, is going to give $100 dollars, $200, if they feel it's a losing effort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the recall campaign eschewed its cap on larger contributions, the stream of donations under $100, typically a good barometer for grassroots engagement, has tailed off. The campaign reported raising $49,934 in unitemized donations through May 31, and just $12,038 since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The other side\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the campaign in support of Collins, Lopez and Moliga is just beginning to emerge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recall opponents launched their own effort last week, calling themselves NoSchoolBoardRecall, a self-described “group of parents, educators, and concerned SF residents who care about the needs of our public schools.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s teachers union, United Educators of San Francisco, is not involved in that campaign, though it is opposed to the recall, said its president, Cassondra Curiel. Instead, union leaders have said they are currently focused on member and community education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal is to educate the community around why this recall is a waste of resources that should be spent on schools and is the first step on a path toward an ill-advised mayoral controlled school district,” Curiel said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Curiel sees it as linked to the wave of recalls across the country — \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/School_board_recalls\">Ballotpedia has tracked 84 school board recall efforts\u003c/a> so far this year, the highest tally on record. Meanwhile, the California School Boards Association counts roughly 60 efforts in the state alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a political campaign committee called “Stop the Recall of Faauuga Moliga” filed with the city, an indication that the embattled board members may end up raising money separately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Tramutola said, unions will provide the big money against the recall. And he said the local teachers union will likely flex its influence with the city’s Democratic clubs, which hold major sway with voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the recall on the ballot, he said, the real fundraising will begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is far from a done deal. It's a lot easier collecting signatures for a recall than to recall someone,” he said. “So I expect a battle royal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A KQED analysis of campaign filings for the recall election, slated for Feb. 15, found that at least 76% of the pro-recall cash raised so far is coming from donors in San Francisco, with some of the biggest contributions from local venture capitalists.",
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"description": "A KQED analysis of campaign filings for the recall election, slated for Feb. 15, found that at least 76% of the pro-recall cash raised so far is coming from donors in San Francisco, with some of the biggest contributions from local venture capitalists.",
"title": "SF School Board Recall Funded Mostly by Local Donors, With Venture Capitalists Topping the List | KQED",
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"headline": "SF School Board Recall Funded Mostly by Local Donors, With Venture Capitalists Topping the List",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco’s school board has spent the past year in the national spotlight, garnering the attention of pundits from Fox News to the New York Times editorial pages for its controversial decisions on distance learning, school renamings and admissions policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11892743/recall-of-3-san-francisco-school-board-members-headed-to-ballot\">The campaign to recall board members\u003c/a> Alison Collins, Gabriela López and Faauuga Moliga, however, has relied on a donor network close to home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A KQED analysis of campaign filings for the election, slated for Feb. 15, found that at least 76% of the pro-recall cash raised so far is coming from donors in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of the recall, who haven’t started fundraising, will likely seek to portray the campaign as spearheaded by forces outside of the city — as has been the case in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/26/1049078199/a-look-at-the-groups-supporting-school-board-protesters-nationwide\">a number of other recent school board protests across the country \u003c/a>— said Jason McDaniel, associate professor of political science at San Francisco State University, who reviewed KQED’s findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I suspect they'll still do that message, but I do think that so far the fact that most of the donations ... are coming from people in San Francisco who are individuals will at least be a counterargument to that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Local networks'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But the campaign finance reports filed with the city do reveal some potential political vulnerabilities for the recall campaign: Its top donors are wealthy venture capitalists who could serve as prime foils for the unions likely to bankroll the imperiled board members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the recall campaign, at least initially, appears to be more of an “amateur affair” than an orchestrated big money takeover of San Francisco schools, McDaniel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't mean that in an insulting way. There's not maybe a ton of political experience there,” he added. “But what that seems to be is that they're turning to their local networks. ... That's where they're getting their contributions from so far. I suspect that's pretty politically smart as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the $581,240 raised by the recall committee through the end of September, at least $442,834 (76%) came from donors in the city, compared to at least $76,435 (13%) from outside of San Francisco. The remaining 11% of contributions were under $100 — classified as unitemized — meaning the donors did not have to disclose their names or location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11905144\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1531\" height=\"1050\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1.png 1531w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1-800x549.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1-1020x700.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/donations1-160x110.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1531px) 100vw, 1531px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nBy comparison, some 63% of the donations made to candidates running for school board last year originated in San Francisco, and local measures on the ballot last November got 60% of their cash from city donors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The vast majority of donors actually are just from our community,” said Siva Raj, a San Francisco public school parent who is co-chair of the recall campaign. “These are parents, teachers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>William Hack, who spent 31 years working for the San Francisco Unified School District as a teacher, principal and department supervisor, said he kicked in $75 and volunteered to gather signatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I've never seen a board like this one,” he said, “and I've been through, over my years in the district, many school board meetings.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Hack said the controversy surrounding \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11867599/censured-sf-school-board-member-alison-collins-sues-district-colleagues-for-constitutional-rights-violations\">school board Commissioner Alison Collins’s tweets\u003c/a>, which included derogatory comments about Asian people, moved him to action, but he has plenty of other gripes. And while he fundamentally backed the board’s controversial effort to rename schools and overhaul the admissions policy to increase diversity at Lowell High School, he questioned the timing and handling of both initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do not typically ever support recalls, but this is different,” Hack said. “There needs to be a lesson here about their ongoing behavior and refusal to listen to the stakeholders in our city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, national press coverage of the school board's recent controversies is helping to bring in money from across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Dalzell of Dover, New Hampshire, has no personal ties to the district. He said he chipped in $500 after reading about the issue this summer in The Wall Street Journal. For him, it’s ideological.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years Dalzell chaired the board of a Los Angeles charter school and said he grew frustrated with the district's school board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I've always been interested in trying to get more advantages for kids in low-income areas,” he said, “and so I view San Francisco as representative of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Venture capitalists top donor list\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some of the recall’s biggest donors also have a history of involvement with education policy and politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The top two donors, Arthur Rock and David Sacks, have each put in $49,500. Rock, a self-employed venture capitalist with a record of funding education-related causes, has contributed to organizations with ties to charter schools, including political advocacy arms of the California Charter Schools Association, and the EdVoice for the Kids political action committee. Sacks, a fellow venture capitalist who runs Craft Ventures, contributed $180,000 to the campaign to recall Gov. Gavin Newsom and recently hosted a fundraiser in San Francisco for Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the top 10 contributors so far to the SF school board recall campaign — all of whom have given at least $10,000 — six identified as partners or investors at venture capital firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1.png\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1.png\" alt=\"A horizontal bar chart showing top 10 donors to SF school board recall.\" width=\"1540\" height=\"915\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11905147\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1.png 1540w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1-800x475.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1-1020x606.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1-160x95.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/top10-1-1536x913.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1540px) 100vw, 1540px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nIn his campaign against the gubernatorial recall earlier this year, Newsom frequently invoked the donors of the campaign to oust him (including former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee and the Republican National Committee) as he attempted to tar the effort as out of step with the majority of California voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, the three school board members facing removal could point to the recall’s top donors as symbols of the city’s financial elite attempting to strong-arm a local election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What it tells me is that so many of the people who live in San Francisco who are wealthy happen to come from that world,” McDaniel said. “I do think that's a potential vulnerability in terms of a political message. But right now, it does not feel like a very credible one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But venture capitalists aren’t the only big spenders. The Chinese American Democratic Club of San Francisco kicked in $10,000. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfcadc.org/letter_to\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CADC opposed the change to the Lowell admissions policy\u003c/a>, but CADC Education Committee Chair Seeyew Mo says the group's decision to donate was solely prompted by Collins's tweets.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about a policy disagreement in terms of Commissioner Alison Collins. This is about rooting out anti-Asian sentiment and ideology from public education,” Mo said, pointing out that many CADC members volunteered to collect signatures to recall Collins. “A lot of the grassroots movement that you heard about, a lot of them are Chinese Americans who have not been politically active until this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CADC will announce its position on the recall of Lopez and Moliga after holding a membership vote, Mo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group called San Francisco Common Sense Voter Guide, a committee supporting the recall of SF District Attorney Chesa Boudin, contributed $9,000 to the school board recall. That committee receives much of its funding from another political group called Neighbors for a Better San Francisco Advocacy, which is funded by a handful of wealthy San Francisco investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Dropping self-imposed donation limits\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Initially, the recall campaign placed a $99.99 cap on donations, even though there’s no legal limit on fundraising for this type of campaign. It was an attempt, leaders said, to prevent any donor from having an outsize voice in the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there were practical reasons, too: Contributions under $100 don’t require record-keeping, which campaign leaders expected they’d have to do themselves and “didn’t want to screw it up,” said campaign co-chair Autumn Looijen, a San Francisco resident whose children live in Los Altos.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'This is far from a done deal. It's a lot easier collecting signatures for a recall than to recall someone. So I expect a battle royal.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The self-imposed limit was later increased significantly, to $49,500, to fund paid signature gatherers. State law requires donations of $50,000 or more to be printed on the paper petitions, which Looijen said would leave less space for signatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, the campaign raised $61,971 in small-dollar donations (under $100). The balance between smaller and larger donations indicates strong grassroots support, said political consultant Larry Tramutola, though he added that larger donations are vital for building a campaign’s infrastructure and legitimacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bigger contributions help you to get smaller contributions,” he added. “No one, even if they don't like the school board, is going to give $100 dollars, $200, if they feel it's a losing effort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the recall campaign eschewed its cap on larger contributions, the stream of donations under $100, typically a good barometer for grassroots engagement, has tailed off. The campaign reported raising $49,934 in unitemized donations through May 31, and just $12,038 since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The other side\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the campaign in support of Collins, Lopez and Moliga is just beginning to emerge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recall opponents launched their own effort last week, calling themselves NoSchoolBoardRecall, a self-described “group of parents, educators, and concerned SF residents who care about the needs of our public schools.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s teachers union, United Educators of San Francisco, is not involved in that campaign, though it is opposed to the recall, said its president, Cassondra Curiel. Instead, union leaders have said they are currently focused on member and community education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal is to educate the community around why this recall is a waste of resources that should be spent on schools and is the first step on a path toward an ill-advised mayoral controlled school district,” Curiel said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Curiel sees it as linked to the wave of recalls across the country — \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/School_board_recalls\">Ballotpedia has tracked 84 school board recall efforts\u003c/a> so far this year, the highest tally on record. Meanwhile, the California School Boards Association counts roughly 60 efforts in the state alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a political campaign committee called “Stop the Recall of Faauuga Moliga” filed with the city, an indication that the embattled board members may end up raising money separately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Tramutola said, unions will provide the big money against the recall. And he said the local teachers union will likely flex its influence with the city’s Democratic clubs, which hold major sway with voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the recall on the ballot, he said, the real fundraising will begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is far from a done deal. It's a lot easier collecting signatures for a recall than to recall someone,” he said. “So I expect a battle royal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "'All Political': SF Board of Education President Gabriela López on the Recall Effort Against Her, 2 Other Board Members",
"title": "'All Political': SF Board of Education President Gabriela López on the Recall Effort Against Her, 2 Other Board Members",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sf-school-board-recall\">part of a series of interviews\u003c/a> KQED has conducted with all three San Francisco school board members facing recall elections in February.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the first time in nearly 40 years, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11892743/recall-of-3-san-francisco-school-board-members-headed-to-ballot\">recall is headed to the ballot in San Francisco\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters will be asked whether to keep or oust San Francisco Board of Education members Alison Collins, Gabriela López and Faauuga Moliga in three separate questions on a Feb. 15 special election ballot. If any are recalled, Mayor London Breed would choose their replacements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other four members of the board were elected last November, and therefore are not eligible to be recalled based on city elections rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting any recall on the ballot is tough, but a school board recall is an especially difficult proposition in normal times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The average voter doesn’t even think about the schools,” said Larry Tramutola, an Oakland-based political consultant who’s spent decades working on education-related campaigns. “You could stand on any corner in San Francisco, and despite San Francisco being highly educated, highly politically aware, if you ask 100 people who their school board members are, I’ll bet three can tell you who they are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Gabriela López, SFUSD Board of Education president\"]'So to be told by a community of people who I know are privileged that we're not supporting the most marginalized ... it was honestly hard for me because a part of me knew that they weren't seeing it and living it every day.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these are hardly normal times. The California School Boards Association said there are roughly 60 recall attempts this year. “This is far beyond anything that’s ever been seen in California before,” said CSBA spokesperson Troy Flint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s in part because parents, forced to become more active participants in the educational process during distance learning, started paying more attention to school boards and didn’t like what they saw, whether it was delays in reopening schools for in-person learning, mask mandates or teaching critical race theory and ethnic studies, “even in California,” Flint said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these recall efforts have already failed or are likely to fail. But in San Francisco, critics argued the board prioritized initiatives to rename schools and overhaul admissions procedures at Lowell High School rather than what they called the far more pressing issue of reopening classrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The grassroots momentum that created, plus some big donors, made for success. “When the recall ball starts rolling down the hill, it collects issues,” Tramutola said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, opponents of the effort are preparing to mount a defense. The group NoSchoolBoardRecall has begun collecting donations, and Commissioner Moliga has launched his own campaign. Meanwhile, United Educators of San Francisco President Cassondra Curiel said the teachers union will stay focused on educating voters for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED education reporter Vanessa Rancaño spoke with San Francisco Board of Education President Gabriela López about the recall effort against her and her colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview from Oct. 25 has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vanessa Rancaño: Do you draw a distinction between yourself and Collins and Moliga? And do you think voters should draw distinctions?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gabriela López\u003c/strong>: That's a good question, and I really believe that they should view us as a board, because it really is a recall against the school board. There's a part of me that knows if they could do all seven they would have. There's been talks and attempts to do that as well. So in remaining united as we have been, considering the year we've had, that's important for voters to view as well because this is really part of a larger issue — on trying to take over school districts and school boards — that we're seeing across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mayor London Breed was pretty vocal about wanting schools reopened. She was openly critical of this renaming effort. How do you think about her role in this recall, as the official who would appoint a potential replacement? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the underlying issue is that fact: the amount of control that the city and the mayor would have over these positions. And I completely understand the area around reopening schools and the issues that that created. But what people fail to remember is during that time, at the beginning of this year, it wasn't even that long ago, we still weren't in a place where people had access to vaccines, where we were out of the tier that allowed us to be in-person and to be safe, and that we weren't ready to put people in that situation when it wasn't clear yet. Once that opportunity opened up in April, then we began to do that work, understanding that younger learners, who were the most impacted, should get priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this sense of just returning to return because of the pressure that people were giving us, or the fact that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858457/as-battle-over-reopening-san-francisco-schools-turns-ugly-equity-emerges-as-fault-line\">the city sued the school district\u003c/a> — which I still disagree with — and trying to push these efforts to appease a voter base that honestly wasn't impacted by the pandemic in as many ways as other communities were who didn't want to return, is all political. The fact that people keep pointing to the renaming issue is another, for me, excuse to kind of point to that fact. And I say that because the renaming work had begun before members were even on the board. It was passed by a previous school board a couple of years back, and work had begun on a topic that hadn't been finalized yet.[aside postID=\"news_11892743,forum_2010101886188,news_11867599\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]But it didn't take away from the planning that was occurring already to [reopen schools]. The fact that we had been meeting and organizing and getting all of the information ready for our families — it didn't take away from that. So in fact, the response to the renaming and using that as an excuse of us not focusing on [just] one thing was what created the distraction, in my belief, because we were still doing all of that. We hadn't taken a break over the summer before, like we do in regular years. We've been meeting almost on a weekly basis. ... In fact, [it] was all people were doing seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What role do you think race plays in this recall push? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obviously that's an important question, and I'm not going to say that we're not noticing that this is a recall against people of color, and it's against people who have also been doing a lot of work to support those communities across our city who are often not in these spaces. So, I do believe if it wasn't someone with my background, and I'll speak for myself, my experience, my understanding or cultural understandings, I don't think I would be getting as much pushback as I am now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[This recall] is aligned in many ways with other issues that are happening across the country. ... People might disagree, but I think a lot of the issues that we're facing have to do with who's in a position of power right now, who isn't usually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One of the criticisms that I am hearing again and again from the recall proponents is this idea of prioritizing politics or ideology over kids. Some people say that the reopening delay hurt disadvantaged kids in the district the most, and that the board was posturing — doing these ideological things like renaming, and Lowell — rather than focusing on reopening, which they argued was the most concrete thing that could have been done to support the most vulnerable or marginalized kids in the district. What do you make of that? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I certainly know is many of the criticisms that we're hearing I don't believe were on the ground in the communities most affected. When the pandemic started, a group of us in the Latino community formed the Latino Task Force, and a lot of our work was how do we support Latino communities who we know are most affected, least able to access resources, least able to take two weeks off if they get infected? And seeing that struggle ... I was surrounded by that every day just being on the ground, helping families navigate the tech platforms, hosting classes and being in their space, helping families sign up. I was seeing the real fear of being in a space that wasn't ready for them. I still hear about it, even though we're back now.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Gabriela López\"]'This idea of trying to force us to come back when people weren't ready, when the city wasn't ready, when the country wasn't ready, is something I would not be able to stand by.'[/pullquote]So to be told by a community of people who I know are privileged that we're not supporting the most marginalized ... it was honestly hard for me because a part of me knew that they weren't seeing it and living it every day. I heard stories of families who for eight months didn't leave their homes. And this idea of trying to force us to come back when people weren't ready, when the city wasn't ready, when the country wasn't ready, is something I would not be able to stand by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Returning to schools] was not safe until maybe April. And even then the schools weren't designed to support us in this way. And we have a prime example right now: One of our school sites — Buena Vista Horace Mann — is operating under horrible conditions that we've been learning about over and over, and families have that understanding. So to be told that we are returning to school buildings that aren't in the best conditions, but that we're going to be safe, especially during a pandemic, is really hard for people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you see any validity in the anger expressed in this recall effort?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I, of course, do. I know that we are living through a horrible, stressful time, and to feel like your concerns aren't heard and the issues aren't being resolved, is infuriating. And I completely, completely understand that and believe that. My response to people who have been in that position has always been to be as open as I can, to be available to communicate, have conversations, maybe even explain further to get through what's being either miscommunicated or not communicated during our board meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think one thing that I keep hearing is, I don't listen to parents — and that's far from the truth. Part of my daily routine is talking to at least one parent. And those have just become habits that have grown in the position that I've created for myself in this role, and continues to be even when people are frustrated with our actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What have you found are the biggest obstacles to doing the sort of equity work you care about?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For me, it's really trying to educate people to see what we mean by this work, why we're pushing this work, why it's important to see who is affected, what they're telling us that the people aren't hearing during our meetings, and changing that. But I hear a lot of hate in the response. It reminds me of why I'm doing this work and why I need to keep pushing, but it's also very toxic and frustrating and tiring. That balance to keep going is really tricky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you have greater political aspirations? Would you run again for the board? What's next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To say it plainly, no, no, no. Obviously I've learned a lot. When I first began, I remember saying I was very, very grateful to be in this position. As soon as I became president, and this year and everything that came with it happened, that started to shift. ... It was just kind of a clear indication of why people say politics is dirty and why regular people — I consider myself to be a regular worker, an educator who really wanted to make an impact at a policy level — get drained out. When I ran, it was because people were supportive and encouraged me and motivated me to do it. And the reason why I kept doing that work is because of those people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never have [and] never will have aspirations for higher office, even though I know this position is set up for that. If you take a look at our Board of Supervisors, even the many who are in those positions now running for higher office, that is far from where I ever see myself being. My world is in education. ... I'm currently applying to Ph.D. programs to pursue a different part of this work. And this isn't going to change that or take away from that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, no, I don't have any aspirations for higher office. I'm not sure at this moment if I'll run again next fall for a second term. But I do fear that this experience is going to deter other people from doing that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "San Francisco Board of Education President Gabriela López talks about the recall effort, criticism of the board's decisions during the pandemic and any future political aspirations, among other things.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sf-school-board-recall\">part of a series of interviews\u003c/a> KQED has conducted with all three San Francisco school board members facing recall elections in February.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the first time in nearly 40 years, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11892743/recall-of-3-san-francisco-school-board-members-headed-to-ballot\">recall is headed to the ballot in San Francisco\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters will be asked whether to keep or oust San Francisco Board of Education members Alison Collins, Gabriela López and Faauuga Moliga in three separate questions on a Feb. 15 special election ballot. If any are recalled, Mayor London Breed would choose their replacements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other four members of the board were elected last November, and therefore are not eligible to be recalled based on city elections rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting any recall on the ballot is tough, but a school board recall is an especially difficult proposition in normal times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The average voter doesn’t even think about the schools,” said Larry Tramutola, an Oakland-based political consultant who’s spent decades working on education-related campaigns. “You could stand on any corner in San Francisco, and despite San Francisco being highly educated, highly politically aware, if you ask 100 people who their school board members are, I’ll bet three can tell you who they are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'So to be told by a community of people who I know are privileged that we're not supporting the most marginalized ... it was honestly hard for me because a part of me knew that they weren't seeing it and living it every day.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these are hardly normal times. The California School Boards Association said there are roughly 60 recall attempts this year. “This is far beyond anything that’s ever been seen in California before,” said CSBA spokesperson Troy Flint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s in part because parents, forced to become more active participants in the educational process during distance learning, started paying more attention to school boards and didn’t like what they saw, whether it was delays in reopening schools for in-person learning, mask mandates or teaching critical race theory and ethnic studies, “even in California,” Flint said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these recall efforts have already failed or are likely to fail. But in San Francisco, critics argued the board prioritized initiatives to rename schools and overhaul admissions procedures at Lowell High School rather than what they called the far more pressing issue of reopening classrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The grassroots momentum that created, plus some big donors, made for success. “When the recall ball starts rolling down the hill, it collects issues,” Tramutola said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, opponents of the effort are preparing to mount a defense. The group NoSchoolBoardRecall has begun collecting donations, and Commissioner Moliga has launched his own campaign. Meanwhile, United Educators of San Francisco President Cassondra Curiel said the teachers union will stay focused on educating voters for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED education reporter Vanessa Rancaño spoke with San Francisco Board of Education President Gabriela López about the recall effort against her and her colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview from Oct. 25 has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vanessa Rancaño: Do you draw a distinction between yourself and Collins and Moliga? And do you think voters should draw distinctions?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gabriela López\u003c/strong>: That's a good question, and I really believe that they should view us as a board, because it really is a recall against the school board. There's a part of me that knows if they could do all seven they would have. There's been talks and attempts to do that as well. So in remaining united as we have been, considering the year we've had, that's important for voters to view as well because this is really part of a larger issue — on trying to take over school districts and school boards — that we're seeing across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mayor London Breed was pretty vocal about wanting schools reopened. She was openly critical of this renaming effort. How do you think about her role in this recall, as the official who would appoint a potential replacement? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the underlying issue is that fact: the amount of control that the city and the mayor would have over these positions. And I completely understand the area around reopening schools and the issues that that created. But what people fail to remember is during that time, at the beginning of this year, it wasn't even that long ago, we still weren't in a place where people had access to vaccines, where we were out of the tier that allowed us to be in-person and to be safe, and that we weren't ready to put people in that situation when it wasn't clear yet. Once that opportunity opened up in April, then we began to do that work, understanding that younger learners, who were the most impacted, should get priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this sense of just returning to return because of the pressure that people were giving us, or the fact that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858457/as-battle-over-reopening-san-francisco-schools-turns-ugly-equity-emerges-as-fault-line\">the city sued the school district\u003c/a> — which I still disagree with — and trying to push these efforts to appease a voter base that honestly wasn't impacted by the pandemic in as many ways as other communities were who didn't want to return, is all political. The fact that people keep pointing to the renaming issue is another, for me, excuse to kind of point to that fact. And I say that because the renaming work had begun before members were even on the board. It was passed by a previous school board a couple of years back, and work had begun on a topic that hadn't been finalized yet.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But it didn't take away from the planning that was occurring already to [reopen schools]. The fact that we had been meeting and organizing and getting all of the information ready for our families — it didn't take away from that. So in fact, the response to the renaming and using that as an excuse of us not focusing on [just] one thing was what created the distraction, in my belief, because we were still doing all of that. We hadn't taken a break over the summer before, like we do in regular years. We've been meeting almost on a weekly basis. ... In fact, [it] was all people were doing seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What role do you think race plays in this recall push? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obviously that's an important question, and I'm not going to say that we're not noticing that this is a recall against people of color, and it's against people who have also been doing a lot of work to support those communities across our city who are often not in these spaces. So, I do believe if it wasn't someone with my background, and I'll speak for myself, my experience, my understanding or cultural understandings, I don't think I would be getting as much pushback as I am now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[This recall] is aligned in many ways with other issues that are happening across the country. ... People might disagree, but I think a lot of the issues that we're facing have to do with who's in a position of power right now, who isn't usually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One of the criticisms that I am hearing again and again from the recall proponents is this idea of prioritizing politics or ideology over kids. Some people say that the reopening delay hurt disadvantaged kids in the district the most, and that the board was posturing — doing these ideological things like renaming, and Lowell — rather than focusing on reopening, which they argued was the most concrete thing that could have been done to support the most vulnerable or marginalized kids in the district. What do you make of that? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I certainly know is many of the criticisms that we're hearing I don't believe were on the ground in the communities most affected. When the pandemic started, a group of us in the Latino community formed the Latino Task Force, and a lot of our work was how do we support Latino communities who we know are most affected, least able to access resources, least able to take two weeks off if they get infected? And seeing that struggle ... I was surrounded by that every day just being on the ground, helping families navigate the tech platforms, hosting classes and being in their space, helping families sign up. I was seeing the real fear of being in a space that wasn't ready for them. I still hear about it, even though we're back now.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>So to be told by a community of people who I know are privileged that we're not supporting the most marginalized ... it was honestly hard for me because a part of me knew that they weren't seeing it and living it every day. I heard stories of families who for eight months didn't leave their homes. And this idea of trying to force us to come back when people weren't ready, when the city wasn't ready, when the country wasn't ready, is something I would not be able to stand by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Returning to schools] was not safe until maybe April. And even then the schools weren't designed to support us in this way. And we have a prime example right now: One of our school sites — Buena Vista Horace Mann — is operating under horrible conditions that we've been learning about over and over, and families have that understanding. So to be told that we are returning to school buildings that aren't in the best conditions, but that we're going to be safe, especially during a pandemic, is really hard for people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you see any validity in the anger expressed in this recall effort?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I, of course, do. I know that we are living through a horrible, stressful time, and to feel like your concerns aren't heard and the issues aren't being resolved, is infuriating. And I completely, completely understand that and believe that. My response to people who have been in that position has always been to be as open as I can, to be available to communicate, have conversations, maybe even explain further to get through what's being either miscommunicated or not communicated during our board meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think one thing that I keep hearing is, I don't listen to parents — and that's far from the truth. Part of my daily routine is talking to at least one parent. And those have just become habits that have grown in the position that I've created for myself in this role, and continues to be even when people are frustrated with our actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What have you found are the biggest obstacles to doing the sort of equity work you care about?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For me, it's really trying to educate people to see what we mean by this work, why we're pushing this work, why it's important to see who is affected, what they're telling us that the people aren't hearing during our meetings, and changing that. But I hear a lot of hate in the response. It reminds me of why I'm doing this work and why I need to keep pushing, but it's also very toxic and frustrating and tiring. That balance to keep going is really tricky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you have greater political aspirations? Would you run again for the board? What's next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To say it plainly, no, no, no. Obviously I've learned a lot. When I first began, I remember saying I was very, very grateful to be in this position. As soon as I became president, and this year and everything that came with it happened, that started to shift. ... It was just kind of a clear indication of why people say politics is dirty and why regular people — I consider myself to be a regular worker, an educator who really wanted to make an impact at a policy level — get drained out. When I ran, it was because people were supportive and encouraged me and motivated me to do it. And the reason why I kept doing that work is because of those people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never have [and] never will have aspirations for higher office, even though I know this position is set up for that. If you take a look at our Board of Supervisors, even the many who are in those positions now running for higher office, that is far from where I ever see myself being. My world is in education. ... I'm currently applying to Ph.D. programs to pursue a different part of this work. And this isn't going to change that or take away from that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, no, I don't have any aspirations for higher office. I'm not sure at this moment if I'll run again next fall for a second term. But I do fear that this experience is going to deter other people from doing that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "why-californias-universal-transitional-kindergarten-plan-poses-a-threat-to-some-early-childhood-ed-providers",
"title": "Why California's Universal Transitional Kindergarten Plan Poses a Threat to Some Early Childhood Ed Providers",
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"headTitle": "Why California’s Universal Transitional Kindergarten Plan Poses a Threat to Some Early Childhood Ed Providers | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Universal preschool is coming to California in 2025, a major victory, years in the making for early childhood education advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the biggest thing we’ve ever done in California for our youngest learners,” said Assemblymember Kevin McCarty, a Sacramento Democrat who led the push for universal preschool in California during the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty is the architect of the $2.7 billion initiative, which was authorized as part of an education funding bill signed into law in July. The program, called universal transitional kindergarten, will be gradually phased in over the next five years on public school campuses, expanding existing TK classrooms until it covers all 4-year-olds in the state. By the 2025-26 school year, at full implementation, the program is expected to benefit 300,000 children, according to McCarty’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a game changer,” McCarty said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Makinya Ward is not celebrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a new mother, the San Leandro resident struggled to find quality preschool for her children. She wanted them to grow and develop through play, and also be nurtured by caring teachers. When she couldn’t find a suitable child care center, Ward started her own in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893799 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a mask kneels beside a young student dribbling something amber-colored onto a cookie sheet.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bri Davis helps a student with a science experiment at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Twelve years later, Ward runs five centers, serving 165 children from infants to 5-year-olds in Alameda and San Mateo counties. But the state’s newly minted plan could undo all that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While advocates celebrate the addition of this new grade level to the public school system, many of those who currently provide much of California’s early childhood education options, often women of color like Ward, are worried they will be nudged out of the equation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Fear of losing students\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Early childhood education in California has long been a hard-to-navigate patchwork of government-run preschools, private and nonprofit centers, and family child care sites that are run out of providers’ homes. The state pays for the children from the lowest-income homes, and quality varies widely. The state’s new universal TK program is designed to streamline options, improve quality and reach more children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, in an ironic twist, Ward and other preschool directors fear the universal program could result in less care for infants and toddlers, as private centers might not be able to survive financially if they lose their 4-year-olds to the free school-based program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward worries she will lose up to a third of her little students — many if not all of her 4-year-olds — causing a significant loss of income that could leave her unable to continue paying the rest of her teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The business model for preschools is unique, affected by laws that mandate a higher ratio of teachers needed for the youngest children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, child care centers are required by law to have one adult present for every four kids under age 2, while the ratio for 4-year-olds is one adult for every 12 kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You take a loss on infants and toddlers and you make a marginal gain on 4- and 5-year-olds,” said Dave Esbin, executive director of California Quality Early Learning, or CQEL, a nonprofit that supports community-based child care providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Losing tuition from older children will cut into the small padding preschools have to help cover the more expensive care of children under 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893802 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A woman in a pink short-sleeved sweater and masks holds up a baby with a pacifier in its mouth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teacher takes care of an infant at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It will be difficult for us if we are no longer able to serve 4-year-olds, because we depend on those tuitions in order to pay for the expense of the younger children,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, there were about 290,000 4-year-olds in early childhood education programs, according to American Community Survey data analyzed by the Population Reference Bureau for this story. As many as 200,000 of those 4-year-olds could potentially leave private day care centers for free public school TK come 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TK extracts the one age group that [private] providers depend upon for stability, so many providers will close forever in the coming years,” Esbin said. “Those that don’t close will need to raise infant and toddler tuition to survive, which will be completely unaffordable for even more families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, parents might win by having free preschool for their 4-year-olds, but that could potentially come at the cost of losing care for their younger children.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Seeking a middle ground\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It didn’t have to be this way, Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like those of us who provide the care were not invited to the table to talk about some ways that we could work collaboratively so that we would minimize the impact and effects on families,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The civil rights group Advancement Project California was at the table during negotiations with lawmakers, pushing for an equitable universal TK plan that would prioritize the state’s many children of color who typically have not had equal access to early childhood education. Khydeeja Alam, the group’s senior policy and advocacy director, acknowledges that many preschools and family child care centers run by women of color will suffer if they are not meaningfully included in the state’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those were some of the toughest conversations we had with the Legislature,” Alam said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it stands, the state’s new transitional kindergarten offerings will be available at existing public schools. Ward supports a model where centers like hers could also provide the preschool programming that the state pays for, similar to what exists in New York City, in what’s known as a “mixed delivery system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893800\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893800 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An overhead view of a child's head and arm, and a teacher's hands and arms, working together to color in an outline of a farmer.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teacher works with students on a coloring project at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But there are challenges with this model, too. When universal preschool was opened to both public and private providers in New York City in 2014, \u003ca href=\"https://www.edsurge.com/news/2021-05-10-the-unintended-consequences-of-universal-preschool\">many private providers shifted to serving more 4-year-olds to benefit from the stable income it provided, while cutting back on more costly infant and toddler care\u003c/a>. The result was a deficit in child care available for children under 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There has to be a middle ground, Alam said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just don’t see school districts taking on the whole responsibility of UTK on their own,” she said. “We don’t have enough facilities. We don’t have enough teachers. So this is really an opportunity for private providers and school districts to work together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esbin, of CQEL, suggests that private providers be allowed to continue serving 4-year-olds, possibly as contractors hired by the local school districts receiving the new state funds. “Other states have implemented mixed-delivery systems and included the entire child care community to take part, and that’s what you have to do to create a healthy child care system to serve all communities,” Esbin said, \u003ca href=\"https://earlychildhood.marylandpublicschools.org/PDG\">pointing to Maryland as one example[aside postID=news_11892267,news_11892891 label='Related Posts']\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Assemblymember McCarty is opposed to the idea. “We don’t contract out eighth grade and fifth grade and third grade, so I don’t know how we’re going to contract out a grade,” McCarty said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty also doesn’t believe family child care centers and other private facilities will be forced to close when universal TK is fully implemented in 2025. “There are plenty of 3-year-olds that are going to need service,” he said. “So we’re telling these programs, ‘Hey, you can serve 3-year-olds.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Importance of play\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ward also worries that public schools can’t fully meet the developmental needs of 4-year-olds, something her programs do through experiential learning and play-based curriculum. Her teachers use cooking activities, water play and tricycles to foster early literacy and numerical concepts. For instance, when making pancakes, preschoolers measure ingredients and learn about simple fractions, and with water play, they use different size containers to begin to understand volume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast, she says, TK looks a lot more like school where “play” is highly structured: For example, using play dough to form numbers or letters, versus free play, which many experts say helps foster learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents like more structure and academics for their preschooler, and some might want a truly play-based model, says Los Angeles preschool director Jennifer Carter. And it’s this ability to choose that parents will lose if free preschool is only available in a TK classroom on an elementary school campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893801\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893801 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A woman and three kids, all wearing masks and the kids in smocks, sit at a round table painting the same jack-o'-lantern in the middle. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Roz Tavares helps students paint a pumpkin at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Four-year-olds should not be sitting at a desk doing worksheets,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also concerns about the well-being of Black children who will be attending preschool as part of the public school system, said Keisha Nzewi, director of public policy at the California Child Care Resource and Referral Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My concern is starting the school-to-prison pipeline even earlier because behaviors that are age-appropriate are not going to be tolerated,” she said. \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2020/11/26/new-federal-data-shows-black-preschoolers-still-disciplined-far-higher-rates-than-whites/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2020/11/26/new-federal-data-shows-black-preschoolers-still-disciplined-far-higher-rates-than-whites/\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\" aria-describedby=\"sk-tooltip-14974\">Black preschoolers are already disciplined and expelled at far higher rates than their white peers\u003c/a>, yet if that now happens earlier, it will follow them for longer throughout their educational careers, Nzewi said.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\" Khydeeja Alam, senior policy and advocacy director of Advancement Project California\"]‘I just don’t see school districts taking on the whole responsibility of UTK on their own. We don’t have enough facilities. We don’t have enough teachers.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also logistical challenges. The transition to universal TK, which will be a much shorter day than what is now provided by most private programs, could create challenges for working parents, many of whom will be left scrambling to find new before- and after-care options for their children. Practitioners like Carter doubt they’ll be able to hire and pay enough teachers to work only in the early mornings and late afternoons, and argue that transporting kids back and forth will be a mess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is an expectation that private centers will transport kids to and from school. The logistics alone are ridiculous,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Oversight concerns\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Michael Olenick, president and CEO of the Child Care Resource Center in Los Angeles, worries that elementary school campuses do not have the infrastructure to cater to the specific needs of preschool-age children, citing bathrooms as an example. Preschools often have very specific toilets, with half doors and special seats, and they are usually inside the preschool classroom, instead of down the hall or elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Four-year-olds, when they need to go, they need to go,” Olenick said. “Does that mean that you’re going to walk 10 or 20 kids all together to the bathroom?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893806 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a mask leans over a low wooden table where a group of masked children are opening tubs of markers.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teacher works with students on an art project at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Olenick said he’s encouraged that the state’s new program will mandate a 10:1 student-to-teacher ratio in all public TK classes by 2025. The program will also require the curriculum to be developmentally appropriate and require TK teachers to have at least 24 units of child development study, all of which he says are important “guard rails” for quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]But Olenick worries about school districts complying with these mandates. “Whether anybody will check on that, I don’t know,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in rural areas, focusing just on 4-year-olds will be hard, Olenick adds. Many school districts are so small they already combine TK students with kindergarteners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty is well aware of these concerns. After years of fighting for universal preschool for California, he wants it to work, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some classrooms may not have a bathroom, they may not have little sinks for little kids, so we put several hundred million dollars in this year’s budget [and] we’ll probably do that again next year and the following year to help districts build more [TK] classrooms,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pouring more money into public schools won’t solve all those problems, argues Jennifer Carter, the LA preschool director. She worries that as private centers downsize because of the new state program, the early childhood education workforce will be decimated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893803\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893803 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A motley, not-quite-straight, line of little kids stands in a bright hallway.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bri Davis leads a classroom of children to the gym at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of Black and Brown women are going to be out of work,” Carter said. “I am really worried that the state of early childhood education is going to be catastrophically miserable in about five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khydeeja Alam of Advancement Project California hears the frustrations of providers like Carter and Ward, both Black women who have overcome many obstacles to keep their preschool doors open. She believes there is still time to include the private sector in more meaningful ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s an opportunity for growth, it’s an opportunity for creativity, and it’s an opportunity for partnerships,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deepa Fernandes is an early childhood reporting fellow at Pacific Oaks College, which is funded in part by First 5 LA.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Free transitional kindergarten for 4-year-olds is coming to California in 2025. But some private early childhood providers — many of whom are women of color — worry they'll lose a significant number of students as a result, and could struggle to stay open.",
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"title": "Why California's Universal Transitional Kindergarten Plan Poses a Threat to Some Early Childhood Ed Providers | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Universal preschool is coming to California in 2025, a major victory, years in the making for early childhood education advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the biggest thing we’ve ever done in California for our youngest learners,” said Assemblymember Kevin McCarty, a Sacramento Democrat who led the push for universal preschool in California during the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty is the architect of the $2.7 billion initiative, which was authorized as part of an education funding bill signed into law in July. The program, called universal transitional kindergarten, will be gradually phased in over the next five years on public school campuses, expanding existing TK classrooms until it covers all 4-year-olds in the state. By the 2025-26 school year, at full implementation, the program is expected to benefit 300,000 children, according to McCarty’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a game changer,” McCarty said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Makinya Ward is not celebrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a new mother, the San Leandro resident struggled to find quality preschool for her children. She wanted them to grow and develop through play, and also be nurtured by caring teachers. When she couldn’t find a suitable child care center, Ward started her own in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893799 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a mask kneels beside a young student dribbling something amber-colored onto a cookie sheet.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52121_003_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bri Davis helps a student with a science experiment at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Twelve years later, Ward runs five centers, serving 165 children from infants to 5-year-olds in Alameda and San Mateo counties. But the state’s newly minted plan could undo all that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While advocates celebrate the addition of this new grade level to the public school system, many of those who currently provide much of California’s early childhood education options, often women of color like Ward, are worried they will be nudged out of the equation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Fear of losing students\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Early childhood education in California has long been a hard-to-navigate patchwork of government-run preschools, private and nonprofit centers, and family child care sites that are run out of providers’ homes. The state pays for the children from the lowest-income homes, and quality varies widely. The state’s new universal TK program is designed to streamline options, improve quality and reach more children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, in an ironic twist, Ward and other preschool directors fear the universal program could result in less care for infants and toddlers, as private centers might not be able to survive financially if they lose their 4-year-olds to the free school-based program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward worries she will lose up to a third of her little students — many if not all of her 4-year-olds — causing a significant loss of income that could leave her unable to continue paying the rest of her teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The business model for preschools is unique, affected by laws that mandate a higher ratio of teachers needed for the youngest children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, child care centers are required by law to have one adult present for every four kids under age 2, while the ratio for 4-year-olds is one adult for every 12 kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You take a loss on infants and toddlers and you make a marginal gain on 4- and 5-year-olds,” said Dave Esbin, executive director of California Quality Early Learning, or CQEL, a nonprofit that supports community-based child care providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Losing tuition from older children will cut into the small padding preschools have to help cover the more expensive care of children under 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893802 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A woman in a pink short-sleeved sweater and masks holds up a baby with a pacifier in its mouth.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52126_008_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teacher takes care of an infant at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It will be difficult for us if we are no longer able to serve 4-year-olds, because we depend on those tuitions in order to pay for the expense of the younger children,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, there were about 290,000 4-year-olds in early childhood education programs, according to American Community Survey data analyzed by the Population Reference Bureau for this story. As many as 200,000 of those 4-year-olds could potentially leave private day care centers for free public school TK come 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TK extracts the one age group that [private] providers depend upon for stability, so many providers will close forever in the coming years,” Esbin said. “Those that don’t close will need to raise infant and toddler tuition to survive, which will be completely unaffordable for even more families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, parents might win by having free preschool for their 4-year-olds, but that could potentially come at the cost of losing care for their younger children.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Seeking a middle ground\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It didn’t have to be this way, Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like those of us who provide the care were not invited to the table to talk about some ways that we could work collaboratively so that we would minimize the impact and effects on families,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The civil rights group Advancement Project California was at the table during negotiations with lawmakers, pushing for an equitable universal TK plan that would prioritize the state’s many children of color who typically have not had equal access to early childhood education. Khydeeja Alam, the group’s senior policy and advocacy director, acknowledges that many preschools and family child care centers run by women of color will suffer if they are not meaningfully included in the state’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those were some of the toughest conversations we had with the Legislature,” Alam said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it stands, the state’s new transitional kindergarten offerings will be available at existing public schools. Ward supports a model where centers like hers could also provide the preschool programming that the state pays for, similar to what exists in New York City, in what’s known as a “mixed delivery system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893800\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893800 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An overhead view of a child's head and arm, and a teacher's hands and arms, working together to color in an outline of a farmer.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52122_004_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teacher works with students on a coloring project at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But there are challenges with this model, too. When universal preschool was opened to both public and private providers in New York City in 2014, \u003ca href=\"https://www.edsurge.com/news/2021-05-10-the-unintended-consequences-of-universal-preschool\">many private providers shifted to serving more 4-year-olds to benefit from the stable income it provided, while cutting back on more costly infant and toddler care\u003c/a>. The result was a deficit in child care available for children under 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There has to be a middle ground, Alam said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just don’t see school districts taking on the whole responsibility of UTK on their own,” she said. “We don’t have enough facilities. We don’t have enough teachers. So this is really an opportunity for private providers and school districts to work together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esbin, of CQEL, suggests that private providers be allowed to continue serving 4-year-olds, possibly as contractors hired by the local school districts receiving the new state funds. “Other states have implemented mixed-delivery systems and included the entire child care community to take part, and that’s what you have to do to create a healthy child care system to serve all communities,” Esbin said, \u003ca href=\"https://earlychildhood.marylandpublicschools.org/PDG\">pointing to Maryland as one example\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Assemblymember McCarty is opposed to the idea. “We don’t contract out eighth grade and fifth grade and third grade, so I don’t know how we’re going to contract out a grade,” McCarty said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty also doesn’t believe family child care centers and other private facilities will be forced to close when universal TK is fully implemented in 2025. “There are plenty of 3-year-olds that are going to need service,” he said. “So we’re telling these programs, ‘Hey, you can serve 3-year-olds.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Importance of play\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ward also worries that public schools can’t fully meet the developmental needs of 4-year-olds, something her programs do through experiential learning and play-based curriculum. Her teachers use cooking activities, water play and tricycles to foster early literacy and numerical concepts. For instance, when making pancakes, preschoolers measure ingredients and learn about simple fractions, and with water play, they use different size containers to begin to understand volume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast, she says, TK looks a lot more like school where “play” is highly structured: For example, using play dough to form numbers or letters, versus free play, which many experts say helps foster learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents like more structure and academics for their preschooler, and some might want a truly play-based model, says Los Angeles preschool director Jennifer Carter. And it’s this ability to choose that parents will lose if free preschool is only available in a TK classroom on an elementary school campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893801\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893801 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A woman and three kids, all wearing masks and the kids in smocks, sit at a round table painting the same jack-o'-lantern in the middle. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52123_005_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Roz Tavares helps students paint a pumpkin at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Four-year-olds should not be sitting at a desk doing worksheets,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also concerns about the well-being of Black children who will be attending preschool as part of the public school system, said Keisha Nzewi, director of public policy at the California Child Care Resource and Referral Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My concern is starting the school-to-prison pipeline even earlier because behaviors that are age-appropriate are not going to be tolerated,” she said. \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2020/11/26/new-federal-data-shows-black-preschoolers-still-disciplined-far-higher-rates-than-whites/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2020/11/26/new-federal-data-shows-black-preschoolers-still-disciplined-far-higher-rates-than-whites/\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\" aria-describedby=\"sk-tooltip-14974\">Black preschoolers are already disciplined and expelled at far higher rates than their white peers\u003c/a>, yet if that now happens earlier, it will follow them for longer throughout their educational careers, Nzewi said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I just don’t see school districts taking on the whole responsibility of UTK on their own. We don’t have enough facilities. We don’t have enough teachers.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also logistical challenges. The transition to universal TK, which will be a much shorter day than what is now provided by most private programs, could create challenges for working parents, many of whom will be left scrambling to find new before- and after-care options for their children. Practitioners like Carter doubt they’ll be able to hire and pay enough teachers to work only in the early mornings and late afternoons, and argue that transporting kids back and forth will be a mess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is an expectation that private centers will transport kids to and from school. The logistics alone are ridiculous,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Oversight concerns\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Michael Olenick, president and CEO of the Child Care Resource Center in Los Angeles, worries that elementary school campuses do not have the infrastructure to cater to the specific needs of preschool-age children, citing bathrooms as an example. Preschools often have very specific toilets, with half doors and special seats, and they are usually inside the preschool classroom, instead of down the hall or elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Four-year-olds, when they need to go, they need to go,” Olenick said. “Does that mean that you’re going to walk 10 or 20 kids all together to the bathroom?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893806 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a mask leans over a low wooden table where a group of masked children are opening tubs of markers.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52120_002_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teacher works with students on an art project at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Olenick said he’s encouraged that the state’s new program will mandate a 10:1 student-to-teacher ratio in all public TK classes by 2025. The program will also require the curriculum to be developmentally appropriate and require TK teachers to have at least 24 units of child development study, all of which he says are important “guard rails” for quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But Olenick worries about school districts complying with these mandates. “Whether anybody will check on that, I don’t know,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in rural areas, focusing just on 4-year-olds will be hard, Olenick adds. Many school districts are so small they already combine TK students with kindergarteners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty is well aware of these concerns. After years of fighting for universal preschool for California, he wants it to work, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some classrooms may not have a bathroom, they may not have little sinks for little kids, so we put several hundred million dollars in this year’s budget [and] we’ll probably do that again next year and the following year to help districts build more [TK] classrooms,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pouring more money into public schools won’t solve all those problems, argues Jennifer Carter, the LA preschool director. She worries that as private centers downsize because of the new state program, the early childhood education workforce will be decimated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893803\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893803 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A motley, not-quite-straight, line of little kids stands in a bright hallway.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52133_015_SanLeandro_KidsConnectPreschool_10222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bri Davis leads a classroom of children to the gym at Kids Konnect Infant Care and Preschool in San Leandro on Oct. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of Black and Brown women are going to be out of work,” Carter said. “I am really worried that the state of early childhood education is going to be catastrophically miserable in about five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khydeeja Alam of Advancement Project California hears the frustrations of providers like Carter and Ward, both Black women who have overcome many obstacles to keep their preschool doors open. She believes there is still time to include the private sector in more meaningful ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s an opportunity for growth, it’s an opportunity for creativity, and it’s an opportunity for partnerships,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deepa Fernandes is an early childhood reporting fellow at Pacific Oaks College, which is funded in part by First 5 LA.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Kevin Merida and the Future of Journalism\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Veteran journalist Kevin Merida became the executive editor of The Los Angeles Times in June. He spent 20 years shaping news coverage as a reporter and manager at The Washington Post, and then launched ESPN's hugely successful platform “The Undefeated,” which covers sports through the lens of culture and race. We talk to him about his vision for the Times and diversity in the newsroom.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kevin Merida, Los Angeles Times executive editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This Week in California Politics\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The date of Feb. 15 has been set in the recall election of three San Francisco school board members. The recall follows months of controversy over efforts to rename 44 schools in the midst of the pandemic, racist tweets from board leadership and tensions over reopening schools. We also chew on other news of the week, including Oakland's expansion of its guaranteed income pilot project, new proposed regulation of oil drilling and how the Supreme Court's decision not to immediately block Texas'sabortion ban affects California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Katie Orr, KQED politics and government reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joe Garofoli, San Francisco Chronicle senior political writer\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Sausalito Houseboats\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week's look at Something Beautiful is Sausalito's colorfully painted houseboats, which artists like Otis Redding and Shel Silverstein flocked to in the 1960s. Today, there are over 400 houseboats bobbing in this Richardson Bay community.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Kevin Merida and the Future of Journalism\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Veteran journalist Kevin Merida became the executive editor of The Los Angeles Times in June. He spent 20 years shaping news coverage as a reporter and manager at The Washington Post, and then launched ESPN's hugely successful platform “The Undefeated,” which covers sports through the lens of culture and race. We talk to him about his vision for the Times and diversity in the newsroom.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kevin Merida, Los Angeles Times executive editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This Week in California Politics\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The date of Feb. 15 has been set in the recall election of three San Francisco school board members. The recall follows months of controversy over efforts to rename 44 schools in the midst of the pandemic, racist tweets from board leadership and tensions over reopening schools. We also chew on other news of the week, including Oakland's expansion of its guaranteed income pilot project, new proposed regulation of oil drilling and how the Supreme Court's decision not to immediately block Texas'sabortion ban affects California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Katie Orr, KQED politics and government reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joe Garofoli, San Francisco Chronicle senior political writer\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Sausalito Houseboats\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week's look at Something Beautiful is Sausalito's colorfully painted houseboats, which artists like Otis Redding and Shel Silverstein flocked to in the 1960s. Today, there are over 400 houseboats bobbing in this Richardson Bay community.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>With the threat of multiple strikes this fall that could cancel instruction for a third of undergraduate students, the University of California has inched closer to meeting some demands of its more than 6,000 lecturers. It’s a move that coincides with increased pressure from state lawmakers to resolve the labor dispute that has been going on for more than two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lecturers say the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/LS-ltr-to-IX-unit-re-AFT-proposal_101221_FINAL.pdf\">UC’s latest offer from last Monday\u003c/a> — which promises increased job security — is a step in the right direction. But they’re not pleased yet because it falls way short of the salary bumps they seek and includes other loopholes they find troubling. Chief among them? The new job stability provisions would kick in next summer, creating the possibility for mass dismissal of current lecturers, the union representing lecturers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no “ulterior motive,” said Letitia Silas, head of labor relations for the UC, the state’s third-largest employer, in an interview with CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now there may be signs of resolution for the two sides. On Friday, for the first time since June, the lecturer union and UC officials will meet, to discuss the latest contract proposal. [aside postID=\"news_11796182\" label=\"Related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe that our comprehensive package proposal is fair and competitive, including our proposal on wages,” said Silas, adding that the UC’s latest offer “does respond to the issues that the union has raised.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a meeting lecturers have sought since last week and threatened to strike over if they had not gotten it. Still, another strike may occur later in the fall if the lecturer union doesn’t get the contract terms it wants. Hundreds of tenured and tenure-track professors of the UC have pledged to cancel classes in solidarity with lecturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do believe it’s the UC administration’s fault for not coming to a resolution sooner, and for not ending this impasse,” said Assemblymember Ash Kalra, a Democrat from San José and chair of the Assembly committee on labor and employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and 11 other assemblymembers have signed a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/UC-AFT-Letter-1.pdf\">letter addressed to UC President Michael Drake\u003c/a> that went out Tuesday, urging him to “prioritize labor peace and job stability for lecturers.” Other lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Sen-Pan-Letter-to-President-Drake.pdf\">have issued their own letters\u003c/a> with the same sentiment, such as Dr. Richard Pan, a former UC faculty member who’s now a Senate Democrat representing Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there may be limits to mutual understanding. The UC denies that lecturers are being pushed out of their positions to make way for cheaper instructors, a chief union allegation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked whether lecturers leave of their own volition, Silas, the head of UC’s labor relations, said, “Yes, some do.” Does that imply most leave for other reasons, such as being pushed out? Silas didn’t directly answer that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The term ‘pushed out’ is a mischaracterization,” Silas said. “The university has proposed to continue the dialogue with the union … if there does appear to be an issue of a trend, and to address those things with the union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-how-did-we-get-here\">How did we get here?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For more than two years UC-AFT, the union representing lecturers, has been at a standstill with the UC Office of the President over a new labor contract that provides them with greater job stability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2021/10/uc-workforce-lecturers/\">A CalMatters investigation\u003c/a> showed that a quarter of lecturers — instructors typically with doctorates who provide about a third of the instruction undergraduates at the UC receive — don’t come back annually. Though the data CalMatters obtained doesn’t show why lecturers churn at rates higher than other education workers, a key grievance among them is that the UC doesn’t offer continuous work. Instead, most lecturers have to reapply for their jobs every quarter or year and rarely know whether they’ll have a job after their short contracts expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Core to the union’s demands is a promise to have lecturers evaluated so that their bosses can make informed hiring and dismissal decisions. Such a review system doesn’t exist at the UC for most lecturers, though it does at the larger California State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some students, the lack of an evaluation for lecturers is perplexing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want my teacher to be someone that knows what they’re doing,” said Sofia Stuart, a second-year biology major at UCLA who took part in a protest organized by lecturers last week. Without lecturer reviews, the UC could just hire inexperienced lecturers or renew ineffective ones, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Natalie Lim, another UCLA student at the protest, held a sign calling for multiyear contracts for lecturers. “I want my institution to have morals and it doesn’t really feel like that right now,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter from lawmakers zeroes in on the lack of an evaluation process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By refusing to evaluate lecturers or use a merit-based retention process, the University also fails to foster a skilled teaching faculty, instead punishing experience and letting excellent faculty go arbitrarily,” the letter said. “Sadly, UC students are being cheated of educational continuity and dependable mentorship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-job-stability-and-evaluations\">Job stability and evaluations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The latest UC offer would go a long way to assuring more job stability for lecturers, but with key caveats. [aside tag=\"education\" label=\"Related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system now proposes three types of contracts of increasing length that add up to six years: a one-year contract, then a two-year contract and finally a three-year contract. That’s more stability than the UC’s previous offer of two one-year contracts followed \u003ca href=\"https://ucnet.universityofcalifornia.edu/labor/news/2021/bargaining-update-for-non-senate-instructional-unit.html\">by two two-year contracts\u003c/a>. None of those came with any promise of evaluations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC is also proposing a formal review before the three-year contract, the first such offer in these negotiations and a big win for lecturers. But UC is proposing just an “assessment” before the two-year contract. And the union doesn’t really know what that means. Lecturers don’t have clarity on the factors upon which a review would be based.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC’s summary of its latest offer last Monday mentioned a review process after three years but not after one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silas, the UC labor relations chief, disputes that lecturers after their first year wouldn’t get an evaluation based on their teaching ability. “I’ll have to say that that’s probably an oversight on my part,” she said, in response to a question about why the summary letter omitted a reference to a first-year review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the average duration for a lecturer at the UC is two years, having job security earlier in their tenures would likely go a long way to lowering lecturer churn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The formal offer’s language on a review after the first year “doesn’t even come close to the robust evaluation after the third year,” said Mia McIver, president of the lecturer union and herself a lecturer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even the new review process after three years comes with asterisks that alarm the union. One says that a lecturer who passes their evaluation and is owed a three-year contract can still be hired for just a year if the department thinks the class the lecturer is teaching won’t be around the following year.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Natalie Lim, UCLA student\"]“I want my institution to have morals and it doesn’t really feel like that right now.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McIver said that may look fair, but what happens if the department decides to keep the class anyway? The lecturer still won’t be able to have the class back, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s less movement on matters of pay. The union wants bigger raises than what the UC is offering, which is about 4% in the first year of the five-year contract and 3% annually thereafter. Other lecturers would get additional bumps and extra merit pay. The lecturers say the UC can offer more across the board, citing the 5% increase in state support the recent state budget sent the UC’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC argues it offers some of the best pay to lecturers among top research universities. “In October 2019, UC systemwide’s average salary on an annualized basis was $71,068 for pre-six lecturers and $92,693 for continuing lecturers,” wrote Ryan King, a UC spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-the-uc-offer-on-pay\">The UC offer on pay\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But that number is misleading: More than half of lecturers are part-time, according to a CalMatters review of UC data the lecturer union shared, meaning most lecturers don’t get that annualized pay. And many lecturers work one term but not the next. A CalMatters analysis of wage data shows that lecturers on average make close to $33,000, while more permanent academic faculty make three to six times as much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major issue is how much a lecturer is paid per class. Basically, lecturers get paid a percentage of an annual salary based on the “workload” of each class. The union is upset that the same classes can be counted as, for example, one-seventh of full-time work or one-ninth depending on the campus. They want consistency throughout the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/b34052e0-5e52-48fd-b580-dc706277d01d?src=embed\" title=\"UC professor pay\" width=\"800\" height=\"1051\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For lecturers, those fractions matter: For one, the higher the percentage of full-time work, the greater the pay. Also, health benefits can kick in at around 44% or 50% of full-time work, depending on how many hours a lecturer works in the year. So every extra fraction of workload goes a long way to determining whether a lecturer has health insurance through the UC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The University of California should be a responsible employer and provide accessible, affordable, quality health benefits and a living wage for all of its employees so that no UC employee must rely on public assistance,” wrote Sen. Pan. His letter noted that some UC lecturers rely on Medi-Cal because they’re ineligible for UC health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-will-lecturers-strike\">Will lecturers strike?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>McIver, the union president, doesn’t know whether lecturers will strike. She said they’d rather have a settled contract. “The things that we need to cross the finish line of this contract are not onerous for our employer,” McIver said. As far as the union is concerned, the ball is in UC’s court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friday’s bargaining meeting with the UC “is a positive step,” McIver said. But the union’s lecturers will decide whether they like the offer the UC is presenting, so it’s impossible to gauge how close to a resolution both sides are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need our lecturers,” Silas said. “We appreciate and value our lecturers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No strike about the contract terms can happen until a state-led labor mediation process runs its course. Both sides are in mediation, but Friday’s meeting is independent of that state-led process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With the threat of multiple strikes this fall that could cancel instruction for a third of undergraduate students, the University of California has inched closer to meeting some demands of its more than 6,000 lecturers. It’s a move that coincides with increased pressure from state lawmakers to resolve the labor dispute that has been going on for more than two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lecturers say the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/LS-ltr-to-IX-unit-re-AFT-proposal_101221_FINAL.pdf\">UC’s latest offer from last Monday\u003c/a> — which promises increased job security — is a step in the right direction. But they’re not pleased yet because it falls way short of the salary bumps they seek and includes other loopholes they find troubling. Chief among them? The new job stability provisions would kick in next summer, creating the possibility for mass dismissal of current lecturers, the union representing lecturers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no “ulterior motive,” said Letitia Silas, head of labor relations for the UC, the state’s third-largest employer, in an interview with CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now there may be signs of resolution for the two sides. On Friday, for the first time since June, the lecturer union and UC officials will meet, to discuss the latest contract proposal. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe that our comprehensive package proposal is fair and competitive, including our proposal on wages,” said Silas, adding that the UC’s latest offer “does respond to the issues that the union has raised.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a meeting lecturers have sought since last week and threatened to strike over if they had not gotten it. Still, another strike may occur later in the fall if the lecturer union doesn’t get the contract terms it wants. Hundreds of tenured and tenure-track professors of the UC have pledged to cancel classes in solidarity with lecturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do believe it’s the UC administration’s fault for not coming to a resolution sooner, and for not ending this impasse,” said Assemblymember Ash Kalra, a Democrat from San José and chair of the Assembly committee on labor and employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and 11 other assemblymembers have signed a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/UC-AFT-Letter-1.pdf\">letter addressed to UC President Michael Drake\u003c/a> that went out Tuesday, urging him to “prioritize labor peace and job stability for lecturers.” Other lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Sen-Pan-Letter-to-President-Drake.pdf\">have issued their own letters\u003c/a> with the same sentiment, such as Dr. Richard Pan, a former UC faculty member who’s now a Senate Democrat representing Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there may be limits to mutual understanding. The UC denies that lecturers are being pushed out of their positions to make way for cheaper instructors, a chief union allegation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked whether lecturers leave of their own volition, Silas, the head of UC’s labor relations, said, “Yes, some do.” Does that imply most leave for other reasons, such as being pushed out? Silas didn’t directly answer that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The term ‘pushed out’ is a mischaracterization,” Silas said. “The university has proposed to continue the dialogue with the union … if there does appear to be an issue of a trend, and to address those things with the union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-how-did-we-get-here\">How did we get here?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For more than two years UC-AFT, the union representing lecturers, has been at a standstill with the UC Office of the President over a new labor contract that provides them with greater job stability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2021/10/uc-workforce-lecturers/\">A CalMatters investigation\u003c/a> showed that a quarter of lecturers — instructors typically with doctorates who provide about a third of the instruction undergraduates at the UC receive — don’t come back annually. Though the data CalMatters obtained doesn’t show why lecturers churn at rates higher than other education workers, a key grievance among them is that the UC doesn’t offer continuous work. Instead, most lecturers have to reapply for their jobs every quarter or year and rarely know whether they’ll have a job after their short contracts expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Core to the union’s demands is a promise to have lecturers evaluated so that their bosses can make informed hiring and dismissal decisions. Such a review system doesn’t exist at the UC for most lecturers, though it does at the larger California State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some students, the lack of an evaluation for lecturers is perplexing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want my teacher to be someone that knows what they’re doing,” said Sofia Stuart, a second-year biology major at UCLA who took part in a protest organized by lecturers last week. Without lecturer reviews, the UC could just hire inexperienced lecturers or renew ineffective ones, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Natalie Lim, another UCLA student at the protest, held a sign calling for multiyear contracts for lecturers. “I want my institution to have morals and it doesn’t really feel like that right now,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter from lawmakers zeroes in on the lack of an evaluation process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By refusing to evaluate lecturers or use a merit-based retention process, the University also fails to foster a skilled teaching faculty, instead punishing experience and letting excellent faculty go arbitrarily,” the letter said. “Sadly, UC students are being cheated of educational continuity and dependable mentorship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-job-stability-and-evaluations\">Job stability and evaluations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The latest UC offer would go a long way to assuring more job stability for lecturers, but with key caveats. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system now proposes three types of contracts of increasing length that add up to six years: a one-year contract, then a two-year contract and finally a three-year contract. That’s more stability than the UC’s previous offer of two one-year contracts followed \u003ca href=\"https://ucnet.universityofcalifornia.edu/labor/news/2021/bargaining-update-for-non-senate-instructional-unit.html\">by two two-year contracts\u003c/a>. None of those came with any promise of evaluations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC is also proposing a formal review before the three-year contract, the first such offer in these negotiations and a big win for lecturers. But UC is proposing just an “assessment” before the two-year contract. And the union doesn’t really know what that means. Lecturers don’t have clarity on the factors upon which a review would be based.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC’s summary of its latest offer last Monday mentioned a review process after three years but not after one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silas, the UC labor relations chief, disputes that lecturers after their first year wouldn’t get an evaluation based on their teaching ability. “I’ll have to say that that’s probably an oversight on my part,” she said, in response to a question about why the summary letter omitted a reference to a first-year review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the average duration for a lecturer at the UC is two years, having job security earlier in their tenures would likely go a long way to lowering lecturer churn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The formal offer’s language on a review after the first year “doesn’t even come close to the robust evaluation after the third year,” said Mia McIver, president of the lecturer union and herself a lecturer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even the new review process after three years comes with asterisks that alarm the union. One says that a lecturer who passes their evaluation and is owed a three-year contract can still be hired for just a year if the department thinks the class the lecturer is teaching won’t be around the following year.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McIver said that may look fair, but what happens if the department decides to keep the class anyway? The lecturer still won’t be able to have the class back, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s less movement on matters of pay. The union wants bigger raises than what the UC is offering, which is about 4% in the first year of the five-year contract and 3% annually thereafter. Other lecturers would get additional bumps and extra merit pay. The lecturers say the UC can offer more across the board, citing the 5% increase in state support the recent state budget sent the UC’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC argues it offers some of the best pay to lecturers among top research universities. “In October 2019, UC systemwide’s average salary on an annualized basis was $71,068 for pre-six lecturers and $92,693 for continuing lecturers,” wrote Ryan King, a UC spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-the-uc-offer-on-pay\">The UC offer on pay\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But that number is misleading: More than half of lecturers are part-time, according to a CalMatters review of UC data the lecturer union shared, meaning most lecturers don’t get that annualized pay. And many lecturers work one term but not the next. A CalMatters analysis of wage data shows that lecturers on average make close to $33,000, while more permanent academic faculty make three to six times as much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major issue is how much a lecturer is paid per class. Basically, lecturers get paid a percentage of an annual salary based on the “workload” of each class. The union is upset that the same classes can be counted as, for example, one-seventh of full-time work or one-ninth depending on the campus. They want consistency throughout the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/b34052e0-5e52-48fd-b580-dc706277d01d?src=embed\" title=\"UC professor pay\" width=\"800\" height=\"1051\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For lecturers, those fractions matter: For one, the higher the percentage of full-time work, the greater the pay. Also, health benefits can kick in at around 44% or 50% of full-time work, depending on how many hours a lecturer works in the year. So every extra fraction of workload goes a long way to determining whether a lecturer has health insurance through the UC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The University of California should be a responsible employer and provide accessible, affordable, quality health benefits and a living wage for all of its employees so that no UC employee must rely on public assistance,” wrote Sen. Pan. His letter noted that some UC lecturers rely on Medi-Cal because they’re ineligible for UC health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-will-lecturers-strike\">Will lecturers strike?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>McIver, the union president, doesn’t know whether lecturers will strike. She said they’d rather have a settled contract. “The things that we need to cross the finish line of this contract are not onerous for our employer,” McIver said. As far as the union is concerned, the ball is in UC’s court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friday’s bargaining meeting with the UC “is a positive step,” McIver said. But the union’s lecturers will decide whether they like the offer the UC is presenting, so it’s impossible to gauge how close to a resolution both sides are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need our lecturers,” Silas said. “We appreciate and value our lecturers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No strike about the contract terms can happen until a state-led labor mediation process runs its course. Both sides are in mediation, but Friday’s meeting is independent of that state-led process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "California School Districts Fear Major Budget Cuts as Enrollments Drop",
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"content": "\u003cp>Despite this year’s return to in-person learning, districts throughout the state are seeing major declines in both enrollment and average daily attendance, and fear the reductions could result in significant funding cuts next school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without state intervention, many districts face substantial cuts in state funding and could be forced to make significant budget cuts in the 2022-23 school year, due to a drop in enrollment and attendance. Districts’ baseline funding depends on the number of students enrolled, minus the daily average number of absent students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two school years, \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/californias-k-12-funding-formula-likely-to-change-but-disagreement-over-how/655552\">districts were “held harmless” for the declines\u003c/a> during the pandemic and were funded based on their enrollment and attendance figures for the pre-COVID 2019-20 school year. But that will no longer be the case unless the Legislature extends the “hold harmless” rule or takes other action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"education\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/missing-kindergarteners-drive-largest-drop-in-20-years-in-californias-k-12-enrollment/653531\">enrollment in K-12 public schools in California fell by almost 3%\u003c/a>, or 160,000 students, in 2020-21, according to annual data released in April by the California Department of Education. On Oct. 6, districts filed their “census day enrollment” figures, which is used in the state funding formula. Those figures likely won’t be made public until early next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Contra Costa Unified, a district of about 26,000 students serving Richmond and surrounding areas, anticipates a loss of around $30 million in the 2022-23 school year barring no change in the funding formula, said Tony Wold, the district’s associate superintendent of business services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, San Francisco Unified and others also have seen significant enrollment drops over the past two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For West Contra Costa, the reduction would mean a loss of about 10% of the district’s overall budget and likely could result in staff layoffs or force district officials to dip into reserve funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing that approximately 90% of most districts’ budget is spent on people, a 10% reduction would affect people,” Wold said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has already endured years of budget hurdles. In early 2020, it projected a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/questions-swirl-about-origins-of-40-million-deficit/621885\">$48 million ongoing structural deficit for 2020-21\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/west-contra-costa-unified-expected-to-break-even-this-year-after-major-budget-cuts/640560\">cut about $30 million\u003c/a> in ongoing expenditures from its 2020-21 budget to break even. The district did, however, receive record one-time state and federal funding this year, and was able to stave off cuts during the current school year thanks to a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/newsoms-proposed-budget-could-stave-off-cuts-for-some-school-districts/649125\">5.5% cost-of-living adjustment\u003c/a> from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the start of the pandemic in March 2020 and the start of the 2020-21 school year, the district lost about 800 students, Wold said. Though the district had anticipated that many of them would come back or move elsewhere by the following year, the decline more than doubled to just under 2,000 students this school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The enrollment drop was spread among every grade level. Some of it was due to families not enrolling their children in kindergarten and transitional kindergarten. Also, fewer students transitioned into high school from middle school and elementary to middle school, Wold said. It’s unclear where they went instead of staying in the district, Wold said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also chalked up some enrollment loss to COVID anxiety, especially among families of students who are younger than 12 and not yet able to get a vaccine. In addition, the district typically has a steady stream of immigrant families, but border restrictions have led to fewer newcomer students, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides the enrollment drop, confusion over independent study and strict guidance requiring students with any COVID symptoms to stay home has led to an uptick in absences, and average daily attendance has gone down by about 4%, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Contra Costa is far from the only California district to experience such an enrollment drop. San Francisco Unified, which enrolled about 60,000 students in the 2018-19 school year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/The-S-F-school-district-has-lost-3-500-students-16525690.php\">has lost about 3,500 students during the pandemic\u003c/a>, The San Francisco Chronicle reported Tuesday. The district estimates a loss of about $35 million in state funding next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-09-28/lausd-enrollment-drops-by-30000-students-amid-covid-19\">the largest school district in the state, lost more than 27,000 students\u003c/a> — about 6% of its enrollment — since the 2020-21 school year, according to The Los Angeles Times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ed-data.org/district/Alameda/Oakland-Unified\">census-day enrollment\u003c/a> count for the 2018-19 school year was 36,524. As of Oct. 5, the district projected enrollment of 34,378, Superintendent Kyla Johnson-Trammell said at a school board meeting Wednesday. Sacramento City Unified Superintendent Jorge Aguilar also has expressed \u003ca href=\"https://us2.campaign-archive.com/?e=%5BUNIQID%5D&u=d49a9f47d9c7e5e4e80d6b401&id=ea46655314\">concern about the impact of his district’s enrollment loss on its ongoing structural deficit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Contra Costa Unified is looking to state leaders to figure out a way to avoid devastating budget cuts in the 2022-23 school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While under the current statute we would have to cut, the reality is the state has more money, and more money is supposed to come to education than before,” Wold said. “Rational minds should be able to come up with a solution, especially if it’s hitting every district.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wold recommends that average daily attendance be taken out of the equation for districts’ baseline state funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Tony Wold, West Contra Costa Unified School District associate superintendent of business services\"]'While under the current statute we would have to cut, the reality is the state has more money, and more money is supposed to come to education than before. Rational minds should be able to come up with a solution, especially if it’s hitting every district.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s say I have 10,000 students, and a 95% attendance rate. That means I’m getting funded for 9,500 students, but I still have to fund 10,000 Chromebooks, 10,000 textbooks and hire teachers and staff for 10,000 students,” Wold said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recommends average daily attendance be used just like supplemental concentration funding so that having a higher average daily attendance will result in a district getting a bonus — stimulating student attendance and providing support to get chronically absent students back in class — but not affect a district’s base funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angelica Jongco, deputy managing attorney for \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/terms/public-advocates\">Public Advocates\u003c/a>, said the public interest law firm is hesitant to suggest doing away with average daily attendance permanently from the equation for districts’ baseline funding. Jongco said her fear would be taking away the accountability measure for districts and charter schools to address the ongoing issue of chronic absenteeism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kids can only learn if they’re in school,” Jongco said. “We want to make sure districts are truly making all efforts possible to ensure students, especially the most vulnerable students, are getting to school every day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That being said, Public Advocates is looking to state lawmakers for short-term relief given the potential funding drop schools face in the 2022-23 school year. Even before the pandemic, Jongco said, districts were grappling with declining enrollment due to California’s surging housing prices, rapid gentrification and charter school growth. Since \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2021/09/california-eviction-moratorium-rent-relief/\">the state’s eviction moratorium expired this month\u003c/a>, cities could see even more displacement of families with school-age children, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Angelica Jongco, Public Advocates deputy managing attorney\"]'Kids can only learn if they're in school. We want to make sure districts are truly making all efforts possible to ensure students, especially the most vulnerable students, are getting to school every day.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though enrollment may not return to pre-COVID numbers, Wold expects there to be an uptick in enrollment once the pandemic has further subsided. Without the funding to have a workforce in place to serve those students, districts would be left scrambling again to find teachers and staff. The district was already unable to fill about 50 teaching positions this school year due to a statewide teacher shortage. Those positions are being filled with long-term substitute teachers and educators who were previously assigned to other duties, such as working as math or reading specialists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clock is ticking for legislative action on any change to the district funding formula. Districts will begin filing their interim budget reports on Dec. 15 and April 18, and they will adopt their budgets by June 30. Those reports must reflect the funding formulas currently in place. If the budget recommendation reflects a $30 million shortfall by March 15, layoff notices will have to be sent out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need the time and the grace to be able to continue to support our students,” Wold said. “Not knowing if we’re going to have some sort of lifeline doesn’t serve us well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: As a special project, EdSource is tracking developments in the West Contra Costa Unified School District as a way to illustrate some of the challenges facing other urban districts in California. West Contra Costa Unified includes Richmond, El Cerrito and several other East Bay communities.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/districts-anticipate-major-hits-to-their-2022-23-budgets-as-enrollments-drop/662448\">This story originally appeared in EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Despite this year’s return to in-person learning, districts throughout the state are seeing major declines in both enrollment and average daily attendance, and fear the reductions could result in significant funding cuts next school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without state intervention, many districts face substantial cuts in state funding and could be forced to make significant budget cuts in the 2022-23 school year, due to a drop in enrollment and attendance. Districts’ baseline funding depends on the number of students enrolled, minus the daily average number of absent students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two school years, \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/californias-k-12-funding-formula-likely-to-change-but-disagreement-over-how/655552\">districts were “held harmless” for the declines\u003c/a> during the pandemic and were funded based on their enrollment and attendance figures for the pre-COVID 2019-20 school year. But that will no longer be the case unless the Legislature extends the “hold harmless” rule or takes other action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/missing-kindergarteners-drive-largest-drop-in-20-years-in-californias-k-12-enrollment/653531\">enrollment in K-12 public schools in California fell by almost 3%\u003c/a>, or 160,000 students, in 2020-21, according to annual data released in April by the California Department of Education. On Oct. 6, districts filed their “census day enrollment” figures, which is used in the state funding formula. Those figures likely won’t be made public until early next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Contra Costa Unified, a district of about 26,000 students serving Richmond and surrounding areas, anticipates a loss of around $30 million in the 2022-23 school year barring no change in the funding formula, said Tony Wold, the district’s associate superintendent of business services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, San Francisco Unified and others also have seen significant enrollment drops over the past two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For West Contra Costa, the reduction would mean a loss of about 10% of the district’s overall budget and likely could result in staff layoffs or force district officials to dip into reserve funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing that approximately 90% of most districts’ budget is spent on people, a 10% reduction would affect people,” Wold said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has already endured years of budget hurdles. In early 2020, it projected a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/questions-swirl-about-origins-of-40-million-deficit/621885\">$48 million ongoing structural deficit for 2020-21\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/west-contra-costa-unified-expected-to-break-even-this-year-after-major-budget-cuts/640560\">cut about $30 million\u003c/a> in ongoing expenditures from its 2020-21 budget to break even. The district did, however, receive record one-time state and federal funding this year, and was able to stave off cuts during the current school year thanks to a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/newsoms-proposed-budget-could-stave-off-cuts-for-some-school-districts/649125\">5.5% cost-of-living adjustment\u003c/a> from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the start of the pandemic in March 2020 and the start of the 2020-21 school year, the district lost about 800 students, Wold said. Though the district had anticipated that many of them would come back or move elsewhere by the following year, the decline more than doubled to just under 2,000 students this school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The enrollment drop was spread among every grade level. Some of it was due to families not enrolling their children in kindergarten and transitional kindergarten. Also, fewer students transitioned into high school from middle school and elementary to middle school, Wold said. It’s unclear where they went instead of staying in the district, Wold said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also chalked up some enrollment loss to COVID anxiety, especially among families of students who are younger than 12 and not yet able to get a vaccine. In addition, the district typically has a steady stream of immigrant families, but border restrictions have led to fewer newcomer students, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides the enrollment drop, confusion over independent study and strict guidance requiring students with any COVID symptoms to stay home has led to an uptick in absences, and average daily attendance has gone down by about 4%, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Contra Costa is far from the only California district to experience such an enrollment drop. San Francisco Unified, which enrolled about 60,000 students in the 2018-19 school year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/The-S-F-school-district-has-lost-3-500-students-16525690.php\">has lost about 3,500 students during the pandemic\u003c/a>, The San Francisco Chronicle reported Tuesday. The district estimates a loss of about $35 million in state funding next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-09-28/lausd-enrollment-drops-by-30000-students-amid-covid-19\">the largest school district in the state, lost more than 27,000 students\u003c/a> — about 6% of its enrollment — since the 2020-21 school year, according to The Los Angeles Times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ed-data.org/district/Alameda/Oakland-Unified\">census-day enrollment\u003c/a> count for the 2018-19 school year was 36,524. As of Oct. 5, the district projected enrollment of 34,378, Superintendent Kyla Johnson-Trammell said at a school board meeting Wednesday. Sacramento City Unified Superintendent Jorge Aguilar also has expressed \u003ca href=\"https://us2.campaign-archive.com/?e=%5BUNIQID%5D&u=d49a9f47d9c7e5e4e80d6b401&id=ea46655314\">concern about the impact of his district’s enrollment loss on its ongoing structural deficit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Contra Costa Unified is looking to state leaders to figure out a way to avoid devastating budget cuts in the 2022-23 school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While under the current statute we would have to cut, the reality is the state has more money, and more money is supposed to come to education than before,” Wold said. “Rational minds should be able to come up with a solution, especially if it’s hitting every district.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wold recommends that average daily attendance be taken out of the equation for districts’ baseline state funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'While under the current statute we would have to cut, the reality is the state has more money, and more money is supposed to come to education than before. Rational minds should be able to come up with a solution, especially if it’s hitting every district.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s say I have 10,000 students, and a 95% attendance rate. That means I’m getting funded for 9,500 students, but I still have to fund 10,000 Chromebooks, 10,000 textbooks and hire teachers and staff for 10,000 students,” Wold said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recommends average daily attendance be used just like supplemental concentration funding so that having a higher average daily attendance will result in a district getting a bonus — stimulating student attendance and providing support to get chronically absent students back in class — but not affect a district’s base funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angelica Jongco, deputy managing attorney for \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/terms/public-advocates\">Public Advocates\u003c/a>, said the public interest law firm is hesitant to suggest doing away with average daily attendance permanently from the equation for districts’ baseline funding. Jongco said her fear would be taking away the accountability measure for districts and charter schools to address the ongoing issue of chronic absenteeism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kids can only learn if they’re in school,” Jongco said. “We want to make sure districts are truly making all efforts possible to ensure students, especially the most vulnerable students, are getting to school every day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That being said, Public Advocates is looking to state lawmakers for short-term relief given the potential funding drop schools face in the 2022-23 school year. Even before the pandemic, Jongco said, districts were grappling with declining enrollment due to California’s surging housing prices, rapid gentrification and charter school growth. Since \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2021/09/california-eviction-moratorium-rent-relief/\">the state’s eviction moratorium expired this month\u003c/a>, cities could see even more displacement of families with school-age children, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'Kids can only learn if they're in school. We want to make sure districts are truly making all efforts possible to ensure students, especially the most vulnerable students, are getting to school every day.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though enrollment may not return to pre-COVID numbers, Wold expects there to be an uptick in enrollment once the pandemic has further subsided. Without the funding to have a workforce in place to serve those students, districts would be left scrambling again to find teachers and staff. The district was already unable to fill about 50 teaching positions this school year due to a statewide teacher shortage. Those positions are being filled with long-term substitute teachers and educators who were previously assigned to other duties, such as working as math or reading specialists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clock is ticking for legislative action on any change to the district funding formula. Districts will begin filing their interim budget reports on Dec. 15 and April 18, and they will adopt their budgets by June 30. Those reports must reflect the funding formulas currently in place. If the budget recommendation reflects a $30 million shortfall by March 15, layoff notices will have to be sent out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need the time and the grace to be able to continue to support our students,” Wold said. “Not knowing if we’re going to have some sort of lifeline doesn’t serve us well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: As a special project, EdSource is tracking developments in the West Contra Costa Unified School District as a way to illustrate some of the challenges facing other urban districts in California. West Contra Costa Unified includes Richmond, El Cerrito and several other East Bay communities.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/districts-anticipate-major-hits-to-their-2022-23-budgets-as-enrollments-drop/662448\">This story originally appeared in EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Some California school district superintendents, especially those in rural areas of the state, fear that teachers and other staff members will quit rather than be vaccinated or take weekly COVID-19 tests — a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Order-of-the-State-Public-Health-Officer-Vaccine-Verification-for-Workers-in-Schools.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state requirement\u003c/a> that began Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many California districts are already struggling to staff schools, and even a moderate number of resignations would mean not only fewer teachers but fewer bus drivers, instructional aides and substitute teachers to keep schools running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Taylor, executive director of the Small School Districts’ Association, said superintendents have told him some of their employees have threatened to quit their jobs because of the mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are employees that will refuse to take the test and the vaccination, which puts the school district in a situation where they would lose employees who would rather not give up their personal beliefs or who don’t trust the government,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The COVID requirements will become even stricter this summer. Earlier this month, Gov. Gavin Newsom announced that all public and private school students and employees \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/california-to-require-covid-vaccine-for-all-students-newsom-says/661843\">must be vaccinated\u003c/a> by July to be on campuses. They will no longer be able to be tested as an alternative to a vaccine unless they are eligible for medical or personal belief exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opinions about the mandates vary greatly and largely depend on the politics of the school community. School districts in more conservative areas of the state report more resistance to testing and vaccines than communities with more liberal residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This conversation is playing out very differently depending what community you are in,” said Edgar Zazueta, senior director of policy of the Association of California School Administrators during his \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xeUXKQpIvkI&t=1173s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">weekly legislative update\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendents in some districts are concerned about the potential for declining enrollment and increased staffing shortages because of the vaccine mandates, Zazueta said. On the flip side, he said the state mandate gives school districts like Los Angeles Unified that have instituted local vaccination mandates some cover in terms of defending themselves against legal challenges. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Sherri Morgan, executive director at Long Valley Charter School\"]“In January, if they say they have to be vaccinated, I don’t know how I will stay open.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Modoc Joint Unified School District in Alturas, 31 teachers and other school staff are considering resigning because they don’t want to take the COVID test or get vaccinated, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a small district like Modoc Joint Unified, which has 857 students, a loss of nearly half its employees could force it to close, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have never gotten to these crossroads,” Taylor said. “What if you can’t staff your schools? I don’t know what the answer is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools in many rural areas already have been \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/covid-closes-rural-california-schools-as-delta-variant-spreads/660712\">struggling with staffing\u003c/a> shortages, which have been exacerbated this school year by high COVID infection rates and mandated quarantines, leaving classrooms without teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although there is more resistance to the mandates at rural schools, even the state’s largest district — Los Angeles Unified — is struggling to get its staff vaccinated. The district, which passed its own vaccine mandate for staff and students in September, recently moved its deadline for all staff to be fully vaccinated from Oct. 15 to Nov. 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://lausd.granicus.com/player/clip/3864?&redirect=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">school board meeting\u003c/a> on Sept. 28, district officials announced that only 1 in 5 employees had turned in proof of vaccination, according to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-10-11/l-a-unified-extends-vaccine-deadline-for-employees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>. The district is trying to encourage vaccinations by hosting vaccine clinics on campuses, allowing staff up to three hours of paid time off to be vaccinated and hosting informational meetings for employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District Interim Superintendent Megan Reilly has said vaccines are the best way to keep kids in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaccines are a game-changer for all of us,” she said in August. “They help reduce the chances of getting considerably sick and dying from the virus. We can and will protect our school communities by continuing to vaccinate employees and every eligible student.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school boards of Culver City Unified, West Contra Costa Unified, Oakland Unified, Piedmont Unified, San Diego Unified and, this week, Sacramento City Unified, also voted to establish vaccine mandates for eligible students and staff that will begin before the state mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/10/01/california-becomes-first-state-in-nation-to-announce-covid-19-vaccine-requirements-for-schools/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state mandate\u003c/a> is set to begin either Jan. 1 or July 1, depending on when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration fully approves the shot for children in each grade span — 7-12 and K-6. Only the Pfizer vaccine is fully approved for those 16 and older. The Pfizer vaccine also has emergency authorization for use in children ages 12 to 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified Superintendent Jorge Aguilar called the district’s \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.scusd.edu/press-release/covid-19-vaccination-requirement-students-and-staff-approved-sacramento-city-unified\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vaccine mandate\u003c/a> “a bold stand to protect public health,” but warned the school board Tuesday that the requirement could increase staffing shortages in the district as students who don’t want to be vaccinated move to independent study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our independent study program is already challenged under our current circumstances,” he said in a statement. “A statewide staffing shortage has been exacerbated by the pandemic, and Sac City Unified, like most districts across the state, has been struggling to fill positions, so we can meet current demand for independent study.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school board voted to require all eligible students and staff to show proof of vaccination, either first or second dose, by Nov. 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego Unified, school staff members have until Dec. 20 to receive both doses of the vaccine. That gives them two weeks over the winter break to achieve full immunity, said Andrew Sharp, spokesman for the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sharp said it’s too early to know if the state vaccine mandate will affect staffing levels at the district. Currently, the district requires that staff either be vaccinated or tested for COVID-19. The human resources department hasn’t seen an exodus of staff as a result, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District vaccine mandates aren’t likely in rural districts, where more community residents are opposed to vaccines. Staffing shortages are already severe in some of those districts, and school officials worry about filling positions if more employees leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sherri Morgan, executive director at Long Valley Charter School in the small, conservative town of Doyle in Lassen County, said it’s difficult to find employees even in the best of times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you know where Doyle is?” she asked. “There is nothing for 40 miles north of Reno. It’s literally in the middle of nowhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every member of the Long Valley Charter School staff has indicated a willingness to take the COVID test, Morgan said. But she is nervous about what will happen when the option to test is taken away and the vaccine is mandated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In January, if they say they have to be vaccinated, I don’t know how I will stay open,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which serves 230 students, already has counselors and other credentialed employees in classrooms filling in for teachers every day of the week, she said. [aside tag=\"education\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan is particularly worried about what will happen if state legislators remove the option for personal exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not joking with you on this,” Morgan said. “I have thought about bringing in candidates from out of the country. I was close when COVID restrictions first happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn Pennock, an employee at Temecula Valley Unified School District in Riverside County, expressed her displeasure with the governor’s most recent vaccine mandate at a school \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRvGrmu46fU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">board meeting\u003c/a> on Oct. 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m totally happy to take the test, preferably the spit test. I don’t want something up my nose,” said Pennock, who said she has never had COVID, although three people in her family have contracted the virus. “I will take it every week without taking that vaccine. I don’t feel I need to take the vaccine. So you know what it is honestly, it’s extortion. It’s not a choice anymore. You are mandating something and that’s extortion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Clovis Unified, a district of nearly 43,000 students in Fresno County, opposition to COVID safety protocols has been heated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barry Jager, associate superintendent of human resources and employee relations at Clovis Unified, said the district is trying to accommodate staff who are hesitant to take the mandated COVID test by offering both the nasal swab and the less invasive saliva test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has a shortage of instructional aides, bus drivers and substitute teachers, he said. Bus mechanics and district transportation managers are doubling as bus drivers, and human resources staff struggle to hire enough substitutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He expects the mandates — especially the vaccine mandate next year — will make it difficult to keep staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Konocti Unified School District officials struggle every year to find enough teachers and other staff for their schools. Assistant Superintendent Chris Schoeneman is certain the vaccine mandates will make staff shortages even worse in the district, which serves more than 3,700 students in rural Lake County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schoeneman supports the vaccine mandate but understands that not everyone shares his beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do see us losing good people who just believe strongly that they should never be mandated by the government on something like this,” he said. “Their reasons may be political, health-related, religious, etc., so there is a lot to consider for folks and be respectful about. … But bottom line is it looks like you will need to be vaccinated if you want to work in education in California.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Some California school district superintendents, especially those in rural areas of the state, fear that teachers and other staff members will quit rather than be vaccinated or take weekly COVID-19 tests — a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Order-of-the-State-Public-Health-Officer-Vaccine-Verification-for-Workers-in-Schools.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state requirement\u003c/a> that began Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many California districts are already struggling to staff schools, and even a moderate number of resignations would mean not only fewer teachers but fewer bus drivers, instructional aides and substitute teachers to keep schools running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Taylor, executive director of the Small School Districts’ Association, said superintendents have told him some of their employees have threatened to quit their jobs because of the mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are employees that will refuse to take the test and the vaccination, which puts the school district in a situation where they would lose employees who would rather not give up their personal beliefs or who don’t trust the government,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The COVID requirements will become even stricter this summer. Earlier this month, Gov. Gavin Newsom announced that all public and private school students and employees \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/california-to-require-covid-vaccine-for-all-students-newsom-says/661843\">must be vaccinated\u003c/a> by July to be on campuses. They will no longer be able to be tested as an alternative to a vaccine unless they are eligible for medical or personal belief exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opinions about the mandates vary greatly and largely depend on the politics of the school community. School districts in more conservative areas of the state report more resistance to testing and vaccines than communities with more liberal residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This conversation is playing out very differently depending what community you are in,” said Edgar Zazueta, senior director of policy of the Association of California School Administrators during his \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xeUXKQpIvkI&t=1173s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">weekly legislative update\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendents in some districts are concerned about the potential for declining enrollment and increased staffing shortages because of the vaccine mandates, Zazueta said. On the flip side, he said the state mandate gives school districts like Los Angeles Unified that have instituted local vaccination mandates some cover in terms of defending themselves against legal challenges. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "“In January, if they say they have to be vaccinated, I don’t know how I will stay open.”",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Modoc Joint Unified School District in Alturas, 31 teachers and other school staff are considering resigning because they don’t want to take the COVID test or get vaccinated, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a small district like Modoc Joint Unified, which has 857 students, a loss of nearly half its employees could force it to close, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have never gotten to these crossroads,” Taylor said. “What if you can’t staff your schools? I don’t know what the answer is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools in many rural areas already have been \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/covid-closes-rural-california-schools-as-delta-variant-spreads/660712\">struggling with staffing\u003c/a> shortages, which have been exacerbated this school year by high COVID infection rates and mandated quarantines, leaving classrooms without teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although there is more resistance to the mandates at rural schools, even the state’s largest district — Los Angeles Unified — is struggling to get its staff vaccinated. The district, which passed its own vaccine mandate for staff and students in September, recently moved its deadline for all staff to be fully vaccinated from Oct. 15 to Nov. 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://lausd.granicus.com/player/clip/3864?&redirect=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">school board meeting\u003c/a> on Sept. 28, district officials announced that only 1 in 5 employees had turned in proof of vaccination, according to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-10-11/l-a-unified-extends-vaccine-deadline-for-employees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>. The district is trying to encourage vaccinations by hosting vaccine clinics on campuses, allowing staff up to three hours of paid time off to be vaccinated and hosting informational meetings for employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District Interim Superintendent Megan Reilly has said vaccines are the best way to keep kids in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaccines are a game-changer for all of us,” she said in August. “They help reduce the chances of getting considerably sick and dying from the virus. We can and will protect our school communities by continuing to vaccinate employees and every eligible student.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school boards of Culver City Unified, West Contra Costa Unified, Oakland Unified, Piedmont Unified, San Diego Unified and, this week, Sacramento City Unified, also voted to establish vaccine mandates for eligible students and staff that will begin before the state mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/10/01/california-becomes-first-state-in-nation-to-announce-covid-19-vaccine-requirements-for-schools/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state mandate\u003c/a> is set to begin either Jan. 1 or July 1, depending on when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration fully approves the shot for children in each grade span — 7-12 and K-6. Only the Pfizer vaccine is fully approved for those 16 and older. The Pfizer vaccine also has emergency authorization for use in children ages 12 to 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified Superintendent Jorge Aguilar called the district’s \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.scusd.edu/press-release/covid-19-vaccination-requirement-students-and-staff-approved-sacramento-city-unified\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vaccine mandate\u003c/a> “a bold stand to protect public health,” but warned the school board Tuesday that the requirement could increase staffing shortages in the district as students who don’t want to be vaccinated move to independent study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our independent study program is already challenged under our current circumstances,” he said in a statement. “A statewide staffing shortage has been exacerbated by the pandemic, and Sac City Unified, like most districts across the state, has been struggling to fill positions, so we can meet current demand for independent study.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school board voted to require all eligible students and staff to show proof of vaccination, either first or second dose, by Nov. 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego Unified, school staff members have until Dec. 20 to receive both doses of the vaccine. That gives them two weeks over the winter break to achieve full immunity, said Andrew Sharp, spokesman for the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sharp said it’s too early to know if the state vaccine mandate will affect staffing levels at the district. Currently, the district requires that staff either be vaccinated or tested for COVID-19. The human resources department hasn’t seen an exodus of staff as a result, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District vaccine mandates aren’t likely in rural districts, where more community residents are opposed to vaccines. Staffing shortages are already severe in some of those districts, and school officials worry about filling positions if more employees leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sherri Morgan, executive director at Long Valley Charter School in the small, conservative town of Doyle in Lassen County, said it’s difficult to find employees even in the best of times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you know where Doyle is?” she asked. “There is nothing for 40 miles north of Reno. It’s literally in the middle of nowhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every member of the Long Valley Charter School staff has indicated a willingness to take the COVID test, Morgan said. But she is nervous about what will happen when the option to test is taken away and the vaccine is mandated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In January, if they say they have to be vaccinated, I don’t know how I will stay open,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which serves 230 students, already has counselors and other credentialed employees in classrooms filling in for teachers every day of the week, she said. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan is particularly worried about what will happen if state legislators remove the option for personal exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not joking with you on this,” Morgan said. “I have thought about bringing in candidates from out of the country. I was close when COVID restrictions first happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn Pennock, an employee at Temecula Valley Unified School District in Riverside County, expressed her displeasure with the governor’s most recent vaccine mandate at a school \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRvGrmu46fU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">board meeting\u003c/a> on Oct. 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m totally happy to take the test, preferably the spit test. I don’t want something up my nose,” said Pennock, who said she has never had COVID, although three people in her family have contracted the virus. “I will take it every week without taking that vaccine. I don’t feel I need to take the vaccine. So you know what it is honestly, it’s extortion. It’s not a choice anymore. You are mandating something and that’s extortion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Clovis Unified, a district of nearly 43,000 students in Fresno County, opposition to COVID safety protocols has been heated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barry Jager, associate superintendent of human resources and employee relations at Clovis Unified, said the district is trying to accommodate staff who are hesitant to take the mandated COVID test by offering both the nasal swab and the less invasive saliva test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has a shortage of instructional aides, bus drivers and substitute teachers, he said. Bus mechanics and district transportation managers are doubling as bus drivers, and human resources staff struggle to hire enough substitutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He expects the mandates — especially the vaccine mandate next year — will make it difficult to keep staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Konocti Unified School District officials struggle every year to find enough teachers and other staff for their schools. Assistant Superintendent Chris Schoeneman is certain the vaccine mandates will make staff shortages even worse in the district, which serves more than 3,700 students in rural Lake County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schoeneman supports the vaccine mandate but understands that not everyone shares his beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do see us losing good people who just believe strongly that they should never be mandated by the government on something like this,” he said. “Their reasons may be political, health-related, religious, etc., so there is a lot to consider for folks and be respectful about. … But bottom line is it looks like you will need to be vaccinated if you want to work in education in California.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "What California Parents and Teachers Need to Know About Universal Transitional Kindergarten",
"title": "What California Parents and Teachers Need to Know About Universal Transitional Kindergarten",
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"content": "\u003cp>Even as the pandemic continues to disrupt the way children learn, California is poised to make a historic investment in its early education system. Championed by Gov. Gavin Newsom and many lawmakers, the new $2.7 billion \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/how-californias-new-universal-transitional-kindergarten-program-will-be-rolled-out/657818\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">universal transitional kindergarten\u003c/a> program is being hailed by many experts as a game changer for families in California with almost \u003ca href=\"https://www.kidsdata.org/topic/34/child-population-age-gender/table#fmt=141&loc=2,127,347,1763,331,348,336,171,321,345,357,332,324,369,358,362,360,337,327,364,356,217,353,328,354,323,352,320,339,334,365,343,330,367,344,355,366,368,265,349,361,4,273,59,370,326,333,322,341,338,350,342,329,325,359,351,363,340,335&tf=110&ch=1\">3 million children under the age of 5\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In keeping with President Joe Biden’s vision of universal preschool, this expansion of the current TK program will create more equity in early education, many experts say. Increasing access to preschool may be one of the keys to closing the achievement gap, they say, since about \u003ca href=\"https://www.firstthingsfirst.org/early-childhood-matters/brain-development/#:~:text=90%25%20of%20Brain%20Growth%20Happens,full%20grown%20%E2%80%93%20by%20age%205.\">90% of brain growth happens before kindergarten\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there are myriad opinions about how universal transitional kindergarten should be rolled out. While the state’s plan is to implement universal TK through the public school system, some advocates argue the program should also be available through preschools and child care centers in a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/why-some-early-childhood-advocates-want-more-transitional-kindergarten-choices/656600\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mixed delivery model\u003c/a> that would help bolster the struggling child care industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>1. What is transitional kindergarten, or TK, and is it mandatory?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>TK is a stepping-stone between preschool and kindergarten. Both TK and kindergarten are entirely optional. Children are only required to attend school in California once they turn 6. Until that age, it is up to parents to decide whether to enroll their children in preschool, transitional kindergarten, or other child care arrangements or keep them at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>2. Is TK free? How is it paid for?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Children can attend TK at no cost because it is part of California’s K-12 public school system. Districts receive funding for TK students based on average daily attendance, which is the average number of students in attendance over the course of the school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>3. Why was TK first introduced in California?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2017/understanding-transitional-kindergarten-a-quick-guide/585073\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TK\u003c/a> came about after the Legislature approved the \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/09-10/bill/sen/sb_1351-1400/sb_1381_bill_20100930_chaptered.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kindergarten Readiness Act\u003c/a> in 2010. Until then, children who were 4 years old on Sept. 1 could still enroll in regular kindergarten as long as they turned 5 by Dec. 2 of that year. But the new law changed that. Beginning in 2012, children had to be 5 by Sept. 1 to enroll in kindergarten.[aside tag=\"education, kindergarten\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left out about 100,000 kids who had to wait an extra year. In response, transitional kindergarten was established in 2012 to serve those 4-year-olds who would previously have been eligible for kindergarten.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>4. What is the difference between the current TK program and the new universal transitional kindergarten program?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Currently, TK serves about 100,000 children, primarily those who turn 5 between Sept. 2 and Dec. 2. These are the students who narrowly miss the cutoff for regular kindergarten. The new $2.7 billion universal TK program, by contrast, will gradually be made available to every 4-year-old in California, eventually serving nearly 400,000 students. It will essentially become California’s version of a universal preschool program, available to all children regardless of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>5. How long will it take for universal transitional kindergarten to be fully rolled out?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It is expected to be rolled out beginning in the 2022-2023 school year, expanding annually until it is available to all the state’s 4-year-olds by 2025-2026. The plan is to gradually phase in younger students each year. However, some school districts are ahead of the curve, having already expanded TK to most 4-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>6. How large will the class sizes be?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Small class sizes are optimal to give young kids the attention they need. Individual instruction is a pillar of quality early education, experts say. The ratios for TK are expected to start out at 12 students to 1 teacher or teaching assistant and transition to 10 students to 1 teacher by the 2025-2026 school year. That is about half the size of many current TK classes, many of which rely on parent volunteers to help teachers. Many preschool settings enjoy an even smaller ratio. Head Start, for instance, generally keeps an 8-1 ratio in its preschool programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>7. How will school districts pay for the new classrooms and facilities necessary to suit small children?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The state has earmarked about \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB130\">$490 million in the latest budget to build new facilities and make adjustments to existing ones\u003c/a>, such as building out right-size water fountains and restrooms with pint-size potties and sinks.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>8. What are the challenges facing this massive expansion of TK?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Staffing is one of the biggest hurdles ahead. There is already a teacher shortage in the state. California will need an estimated 10,000 to 12,000 new teachers and 16,000 new teaching assistants as transitional kindergarten expands, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>9. What will the credential requirements for TK teachers be?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Currently, TK teachers are required to have a multiple-subject teaching credential, the same credential teachers need for all the elementary grades. By 2023, TK teachers also will need to complete an additional 24 units of early childhood education coursework or the equivalent, as deemed by their employer, or they will need to hold a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/credentials/leaflets/child-development-permits-(cl-797)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">child-development permit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>10. What are the plans for recruiting and training new transitional kindergarten teachers?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The state has allocated \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB130\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$100 million in competitive grants\u003c/a> to school districts for recruiting teachers and providing ongoing professional learning. The state is also looking at various options for making it easier to meet the credential requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>11. What will TK teachers get paid?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>That is ultimately determined by districts, but typically, TK teachers are paid the same as kindergarten teachers. It should be noted that K-12 teachers generally earn about 38% more than preschool teachers and child care workers, according to \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/workforce-index-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Center for the Study of Child Care Employment\u003c/a> at the University of California, Berkeley. That wage disparity helps explain why 17% of the state’s early childhood educators live in poverty, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>12. Is there a pathway for preschool teachers, a workforce that's predominately women of color, to move into TK careers?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Commission on Teacher Credentialing\u003c/a> has developed a proposal that would create a pathway for preschool teacher permit holders to gain the preparation they need to teach TK without completing all the requirements for a multiple-subject teaching credential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, about 49% of early childhood teachers in child care centers have a bachelor’s degree or higher, according to Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/early-educators-equipped-to-teach-tk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center for the Study of Child Care Employment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>13. Will TK be a full-day or a half-day program?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Universal TK, like kindergarten, is a local choice of full-day or part-day. However, the state’s new \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/staffing-shortage-delays-ambitious-program-to-extend-school-day-and-year-in-california/661436\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Expanded Learning Opportunities Program\u003c/a> requires that local educational agencies offer a nine-hour school day including before- and after-class services.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>14. Do children in universal TK have to meet the same vaccination requirements as in regular kindergarten?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Yes, the same vaccination criteria apply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/universal-transitional-kindergarten-quick-guide/662318\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EdSource\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Even as the pandemic continues to disrupt the way children learn, California is poised to make a historic investment in its early education system. Championed by Gov. Gavin Newsom and many lawmakers, the new $2.7 billion \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/how-californias-new-universal-transitional-kindergarten-program-will-be-rolled-out/657818\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">universal transitional kindergarten\u003c/a> program is being hailed by many experts as a game changer for families in California with almost \u003ca href=\"https://www.kidsdata.org/topic/34/child-population-age-gender/table#fmt=141&loc=2,127,347,1763,331,348,336,171,321,345,357,332,324,369,358,362,360,337,327,364,356,217,353,328,354,323,352,320,339,334,365,343,330,367,344,355,366,368,265,349,361,4,273,59,370,326,333,322,341,338,350,342,329,325,359,351,363,340,335&tf=110&ch=1\">3 million children under the age of 5\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In keeping with President Joe Biden’s vision of universal preschool, this expansion of the current TK program will create more equity in early education, many experts say. Increasing access to preschool may be one of the keys to closing the achievement gap, they say, since about \u003ca href=\"https://www.firstthingsfirst.org/early-childhood-matters/brain-development/#:~:text=90%25%20of%20Brain%20Growth%20Happens,full%20grown%20%E2%80%93%20by%20age%205.\">90% of brain growth happens before kindergarten\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there are myriad opinions about how universal transitional kindergarten should be rolled out. While the state’s plan is to implement universal TK through the public school system, some advocates argue the program should also be available through preschools and child care centers in a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/why-some-early-childhood-advocates-want-more-transitional-kindergarten-choices/656600\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mixed delivery model\u003c/a> that would help bolster the struggling child care industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>1. What is transitional kindergarten, or TK, and is it mandatory?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>TK is a stepping-stone between preschool and kindergarten. Both TK and kindergarten are entirely optional. Children are only required to attend school in California once they turn 6. Until that age, it is up to parents to decide whether to enroll their children in preschool, transitional kindergarten, or other child care arrangements or keep them at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>2. Is TK free? How is it paid for?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Children can attend TK at no cost because it is part of California’s K-12 public school system. Districts receive funding for TK students based on average daily attendance, which is the average number of students in attendance over the course of the school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>3. Why was TK first introduced in California?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2017/understanding-transitional-kindergarten-a-quick-guide/585073\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TK\u003c/a> came about after the Legislature approved the \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/09-10/bill/sen/sb_1351-1400/sb_1381_bill_20100930_chaptered.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kindergarten Readiness Act\u003c/a> in 2010. Until then, children who were 4 years old on Sept. 1 could still enroll in regular kindergarten as long as they turned 5 by Dec. 2 of that year. But the new law changed that. Beginning in 2012, children had to be 5 by Sept. 1 to enroll in kindergarten.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left out about 100,000 kids who had to wait an extra year. In response, transitional kindergarten was established in 2012 to serve those 4-year-olds who would previously have been eligible for kindergarten.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>4. What is the difference between the current TK program and the new universal transitional kindergarten program?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Currently, TK serves about 100,000 children, primarily those who turn 5 between Sept. 2 and Dec. 2. These are the students who narrowly miss the cutoff for regular kindergarten. The new $2.7 billion universal TK program, by contrast, will gradually be made available to every 4-year-old in California, eventually serving nearly 400,000 students. It will essentially become California’s version of a universal preschool program, available to all children regardless of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>5. How long will it take for universal transitional kindergarten to be fully rolled out?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It is expected to be rolled out beginning in the 2022-2023 school year, expanding annually until it is available to all the state’s 4-year-olds by 2025-2026. The plan is to gradually phase in younger students each year. However, some school districts are ahead of the curve, having already expanded TK to most 4-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>6. How large will the class sizes be?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Small class sizes are optimal to give young kids the attention they need. Individual instruction is a pillar of quality early education, experts say. The ratios for TK are expected to start out at 12 students to 1 teacher or teaching assistant and transition to 10 students to 1 teacher by the 2025-2026 school year. That is about half the size of many current TK classes, many of which rely on parent volunteers to help teachers. Many preschool settings enjoy an even smaller ratio. Head Start, for instance, generally keeps an 8-1 ratio in its preschool programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>7. How will school districts pay for the new classrooms and facilities necessary to suit small children?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The state has earmarked about \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB130\">$490 million in the latest budget to build new facilities and make adjustments to existing ones\u003c/a>, such as building out right-size water fountains and restrooms with pint-size potties and sinks.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>8. What are the challenges facing this massive expansion of TK?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Staffing is one of the biggest hurdles ahead. There is already a teacher shortage in the state. California will need an estimated 10,000 to 12,000 new teachers and 16,000 new teaching assistants as transitional kindergarten expands, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>9. What will the credential requirements for TK teachers be?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Currently, TK teachers are required to have a multiple-subject teaching credential, the same credential teachers need for all the elementary grades. By 2023, TK teachers also will need to complete an additional 24 units of early childhood education coursework or the equivalent, as deemed by their employer, or they will need to hold a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/credentials/leaflets/child-development-permits-(cl-797)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">child-development permit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>10. What are the plans for recruiting and training new transitional kindergarten teachers?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The state has allocated \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB130\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$100 million in competitive grants\u003c/a> to school districts for recruiting teachers and providing ongoing professional learning. The state is also looking at various options for making it easier to meet the credential requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>11. What will TK teachers get paid?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>That is ultimately determined by districts, but typically, TK teachers are paid the same as kindergarten teachers. It should be noted that K-12 teachers generally earn about 38% more than preschool teachers and child care workers, according to \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/workforce-index-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Center for the Study of Child Care Employment\u003c/a> at the University of California, Berkeley. That wage disparity helps explain why 17% of the state’s early childhood educators live in poverty, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>12. Is there a pathway for preschool teachers, a workforce that's predominately women of color, to move into TK careers?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Commission on Teacher Credentialing\u003c/a> has developed a proposal that would create a pathway for preschool teacher permit holders to gain the preparation they need to teach TK without completing all the requirements for a multiple-subject teaching credential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, about 49% of early childhood teachers in child care centers have a bachelor’s degree or higher, according to Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/early-educators-equipped-to-teach-tk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center for the Study of Child Care Employment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>13. Will TK be a full-day or a half-day program?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Universal TK, like kindergarten, is a local choice of full-day or part-day. However, the state’s new \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/staffing-shortage-delays-ambitious-program-to-extend-school-day-and-year-in-california/661436\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Expanded Learning Opportunities Program\u003c/a> requires that local educational agencies offer a nine-hour school day including before- and after-class services.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>14. Do children in universal TK have to meet the same vaccination requirements as in regular kindergarten?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Yes, the same vaccination criteria apply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/universal-transitional-kindergarten-quick-guide/662318\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EdSource\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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},
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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