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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What are your biggest ideas on how to solve the housing crisis? How has housing shaped your life?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Throughout this season, we wanted to hear from you — the Sold Out audience. We asked you to get in touch, and you came through!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">From voice memos to emails and social media, dozens of listeners reached out and shared stories of housing insecurity and loss, advocacy work, and visions for an equitable housing future.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this bonus episode, hear from seven people for whom housing is at the center of everything. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch5 id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC9285725518&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/h5>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[TRANSCRIPT]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MOLLY SOLOMON: \u003c/strong>Hi! I’m Molly Solomon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>ERIN BALDASSARI: \u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And I’m Erin Baldassari. You’re listening to Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America, and today we’ve got something special for you from producer Natalia Aldana.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Take it away, Natalia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[SOLD OUT THEME MUSIC BEGINS]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11841421\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 451px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11841421\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"451\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-1536x1018.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A red for sale sign outside a home with a “sold pending” sticker posted across the front. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA ALDANA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When it comes to the housing crisis, every Californian has something to say about it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT RINALDO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Man, it’s like — it’s like the air we breathe. It is literally, like, a fact of life if you live in California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>NATALIA: \u003c/strong>We can all point to how it’s impacted us — affected our families, our neighborhoods, and our livelihoods.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Throughout this season of Sold Out, we’ve been asking for your thoughts and experiences when it comes to housing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So many of you got in touch. And today, you’ll hear from seven people whose stories might challenge you, empathize with you, and hopefully, inspire you.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC – DECK LOFI]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">First up, we have a listener who wants us to rethink how we live — literally\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">who we share a roof with, and how the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">way \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">we understand family impacts our housing.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam Coulter rents an apartment with his partner in San Jose. And Cam thinks the housing system favors homeowners. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM COULTER: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is probably a little hot-take, but I wish I could write off my rent payments as tax-deductible.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam recognizes that tax incentives are meant to motivate homeownership. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And that might work in other parts of the country. But here I feel like it really just punishes the people who can’t afford to buy a home.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although rent is not tax-deductible in California — the state does award a $60 renters tax credit for qualifying single filers who earn less than $43,533 a year. Since Cam and I last spoke, \u003ca href=\"https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/californias-renter-tax-credit-has-remained-unchanged-for-43-years-it-could-soon-increase/ar-AAW402s\">a state bill has been proposed that could potentially increase that credit to $500.\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT – DECK LOFI OUT]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While Cam\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> doesn’t really want to buy a h\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ome, they do want to build equity.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So I see the way that the desire to own a home is sort of constructed by the fact that it’s a great way to build wealth and have long-term stability. But I wish there were other ways to achieve that.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911686\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 334px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11911686\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"A person sits on the grass.\" width=\"334\" height=\"334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 334px) 100vw, 334px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cam Coulter wants KQED listeners to reimagine who we consider family, and how that might improve the housing crisis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Cam Coulter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> As for their other pie in the sky: Cam wants more \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ic.org/what-is-an-intentional-community-30th-birthday-day-13/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">intentional housing or co-housing communities\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>CAM: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When I stop and dream about what, like, a beautiful, sustainable, healthy future would look like, I see housing that looks more like this.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I’ve lived in intentional community before, and I’d like to do that again in the future.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN – \u003c/b>\u003cb>SUNKISSED]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Live not just with my own, how to say, like, nuclear family, but with other people, and to share space with them, share grocery budgets, do communal activities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I would love to live in a co-housing community where my partner and I could have some of our own space but also share common spaces with community. I would love to live in, like, a larger, multi-family home where maybe four to 10 adults, or kids, could comfortably live together without overcrowding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And this could benefit a lot of multi-generational families who I know are already overcrowded in their small single-family home. I think we have too few of those options.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT – \u003c/b>\u003cb>SUNKISSED]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam is nonbinary, and says the connection between queer and trans folks living in found families has probably influenced this perspective.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One thing that makes me frustrated is that so many of the housing units we have are designed for a nuclear family. Or perhaps, you know, you can have maybe grandparents or something, but they’re really designed as like single-family homes or small apartments, or just one or a couple of people. But that’s not really what I want.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of the largest barriers to\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">building more co-housing is, no surprise, money. But,\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam is cheering on organizations like the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://southbayclt.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">South Bay Community Land Trust\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which is working on acquiring their \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://southbayclt.org/capital-campaign-reed-st-acquisition/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">first community-owned house in San Jose\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam believes co-housing can have additional benefits, like boosting our social health.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s like a really big issue these days, is that so many people are isolated. And when I lived in community before, I really loved just constantly having people around. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It did a lot of good for me.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN – SEARCHING FOR TREASURE]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Our next listener knows that\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the housing crisis should be attacked on every single front. So Santa Cruz renter Ernesto Anguiano is setting his sights on a culprit that some might consider a friend.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">You see… Ernesto wants to see cities change their zoning laws to allow for more multi-family housing. And he wants to see Bay Area cities built denser. He thinks one way to achieve that is by rethinking parking.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911347\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911347 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-1020x689.jpg\" alt=\"A man stands on a mountainside with a board.\" width=\"536\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-1020x689.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-800x540.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-1536x1038.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA.jpg 1818w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ernesto Anguiano rents in Santa Cruz and wants listeners to consider how their car might impact the housing crisis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Ernesto Anguiano)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT – SEARCHING FOR TREASURE]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ERNESTO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There’s a lot of things that affect your ability to purchase a home. And the parking one was a unique aspect on it\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When there are parking minimums for housing developments\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, spaces for cars eat up what could be spaces for housing.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ERNESTO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So you’re essentially subsidizing that parking space that you could be building valuable housing in.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Ernesto sees it, denser cities create more transit options, so reducing a dependency on cars can help the environment, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">and makes it possible to afford a home. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All of these changes can help the housing crisis.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ERNESTO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">You know, everybody should have the opportunity and the ability to live where they want to live. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And if you want to have, you know, your single-family home, or your single-family neighborhood, you know, I can respect that. But at the same time, you have to give others the opportunity to live in that same neighborhood.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: WURLY REGGAETON]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ernesto knows folks have a reliance on cars, but he hopes he’s planted the seed for more conversations in the future.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Next, we turn to Eva Hopkins who has a vision for Oakland, her hometown. She has big thoughts on gentrification and ways to address it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>EVA HOPKINS:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> You have to at least have one point something million dollars to get a good house, in a good area, in Oakland. And I essentially got priced out of Oakland.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When we spoke Eva had just sold her condo in Emeryville and was preparing to move into her new home in Hercules. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: WURLY REGGAETON]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She sees how Oakland has changed. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11830938\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11830938\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Single-family homes near MacArthur BART station in Oakland, on Feb. 21, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>EVA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All these developers coming in, and I’m going to say, white developers, coming in and kicking us all out, rebuilding stuff, and making it unaffordable for the people that were there before. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Where you could have been paying $1,000 for rent, now you’re paying $4,000 for rent.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: DIZZY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because if you talk about poverty, and stuff like that, you’re pushing us into poverty because we can’t afford this, and people don’t have anywhere to go. So where does that push them? When you push them out, that pushes them on the streets, and there’s poverty right there, right? So it’s basically keeping us from rising on top, and pushing us straight to the bottom.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s really important that when there are major developers coming in and redeveloping places, that they are community-driven. Get those construction companies that are in the community that you’re building in and get those residents working somehow, someway on this project so that they can live in the places that they build.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it’s not just Oakland\u003c/span>\u003cb> — \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eva works at a non-profit in San Francisco, and points to the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sf-hrc.org/sites/default/files/Dream%20Keeper%20Initiative_One%20Pager.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dream Keeper Initiative\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> as one tool to address gentrification there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: DIZZY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s a city-wide effort to reinvest $120 million from law enforcement into San Francisco’s Black community. $10 million is allocated for housing and homeownership.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Eva navigated the buyer and seller’s market these past few months, she said similar programs and initiatives really helped her, and she hopes prospective home buyers will take advantage of resources out there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>EVA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They are making it possible for people of color, and you know us, to buy homes, so take advantage of it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Taking advantage of programs is just one way to stabilize communities. But while that may not have been enough to help Eva own in Oakland, she said she’s proud to live in a Bay Area city and remain near her mom and brother.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC TRANSITION]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> We’re going to take a quick break. Coming up, one listener points to some legislation they think could make waves in affordability, a landlord who considered leaving the business, and someone who shows us the devastating effects of displacement.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MIDROLL – ADVERTISEMENT]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sean Ripley emailed us wanting to talk about a controversial policy in his city. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Opportunity to Purchase Act, or OPA, would give current tenants, as well as qualifying nonprofits, the first shot at buying certain residential properties.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>SEAN RIPLEY: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The hope is that this will create housing that has a permanent affordability to it, like the housing preservation that will happen over time.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although OPA has been discussed in the city since \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofepa.org/sites/default/files/fileattachments/housing/page/20967/2021.10.05_ppt_epa_opportunity_to_purchase_act_final.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2018\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, it was first formally considered by the East Palo Alto City Council in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofepa.org/sites/default/files/fileattachments/housing/page/20967/2021.10.05_ppt_epa_opportunity_to_purchase_act_final.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">October 2021\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> — and the disagreements soon followed, through Facebook forums and city protests.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.noepaopa.com/home\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">NO to EPA OPA\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> website, one of the arguments against this ordinance is that it could damage the single-family housing market and property values.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911350\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 332px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911350 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-1020x1530.jpeg\" alt=\"A man smiles at the camera while wearing a bright red jacket, in front of a wall of bright red flowers.\" width=\"332\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-1020x1530.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-800x1200.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-160x240.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-1024x1536.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love.jpeg 1365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sean Ripley, seen here posing for a local event, wants KQED listeners to know what’s happening in his city of East Palo Alto. \u003ccite>(Jerry Chang, courtesy of Sean Ripley)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>SEAN: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s kind of that part of the conversation, the financial argument on one side, against the kind of, housing and restorative justice aspect on the other side.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sean and his wife own a single-family home in East Palo Alto. As a homeowner, he recognizes that his property value could fall, but in the end, he says he wants to see everyone in his community have an equitable opportunity to grow and thrive.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>SEAN: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I do care about the value of my house. But I would be willing to take a hit to that value if I knew that the neighbors around me would be able to be uplifted.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: ALWAYS ON THE UP HIP HOP]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because I know that them being uplifted raises everything, including myself. I don’t have to just focus on my property, in my silo, in my small piece of the world — I live in something bigger. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When I spoke to Sean in February, a vote was expected on OPA on March 1st, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/03/02/east-palo-alto-tables-considers-diluting-controversial-tenants-rights-ordinance/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">but it’s since been postponed, likely, for up to 10 months.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This season of Sold Out talked about the loss of small landlords, and how the rise of corporate landlords has led to more evictions. But what makes a small landlord want to stop being a landlord?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny Johnston says so much of being a landlord has changed, and recently, she considered leaving the business.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny lives in a Berkeley duplex she and her husband purchased in 2003, and they started renting it out to help pay their mortgage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Back then, she says identifying a tenant was a lot easier. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: ALWAYS ON THE UP HIP HOP]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY JOHNSTON: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And at that time, we interviewed people and we did a background check, and we checked and saw what they were earning. We kind of basically just said, “Well, I don’t know, did you get a good feeling from those people or not?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But now, she says the pandemic’s impacts on the economy, plus the eviction moratorium have made it much more challenging to be a landlord.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11809882\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11809882\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"Two houses, side by side, one with boarded-up windows.\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-1920x1254.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Gavin Newsom’s moratorium on evictions came after advocacy organizations and some state lawmakers made repeated calls to the governor to provide protection to renters when residents were told to shelter in place. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The criteria have gotten stricter. I needed to make sure that people had almost like an extra cushion, that they would be able to, you know — and maybe I’m very careful — like, you know, what if somebody was working for a restaurant or a bakery? Well, you know, it could shut down if business wasn’t good, right?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It even made Jenny question whether this was still a sustainable source of income.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If I look back that far and I say, hey, if I had gotten out of this and just put the money into some mutual fund in the stock market or something, I would have actually done better.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: PASTIME]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today, companies own at least two-thirds of apartment buildings nationwide — a big change from the late 80’s when a majority of landlords were considered “mom and pop” shops.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny says she knows of other property owners who have stopped renting because the process has become too difficult to manage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I mean, I understand that during the pandemic the government didn’t want people to be kicked out of their housing because of the lack of rent, but I’ve heard of several cases of other friends of mine who have units who just stopped renting them because they didn’t want to rent out without knowing that they had some control over what was happening on their property.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny says regulations like eviction protections and rent payment postponement, have made renting more labor-intensive, and financially riskier for her.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: PASTIME]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She believes a way out of the crisis is to build more housing, rather than placing more restrictions on the limited housing available.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> If you take a number of places that already exist and start to make a lot of rules about how people can offer those, it doesn’t make more places for people to live, it actually makes it harder.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I don’t hear that point of view very often. And I know that, you know, different people see this in different ways and that, you know, some protections are important, but just trying to make people offer their units in a certain way is not going to create new units or places for people to live.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny continues to rent out her place in Berkeley, and says seeing more houses built in her East Bay community gives her hope.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: Lo Fi Fun Rap]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Next, we’ll hear from two organizers — the experiences that brought them to this work, and the issues they’re determined to solve.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ALEX MELENDREZ: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Housing is a human right.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alex Melendrez lives with his parents in San Bruno, where he pays rent.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And he has a guiding principle for his work.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>ALEX: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Everyone deserves a stable home.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: Lo Fi Fun Rap]\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As the son of Mexican and Afghan immigrants, Alex is concerned with how the housing crisis has led to overcrowding in immigrant and refugee communities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ALEX: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of them will tell you finding permanently affordable housing is the biggest challenge to stabilizing community members who already face large barriers and cultural changes that make adjusting difficult.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s not a recipe for success if you do not have a stable home.\u003c/span>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911688\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 372px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11911688\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-800x1000.jpg\" alt=\"A young man stands in the snow.\" width=\"372\" height=\"465\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-1020x1275.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-1229x1536.jpg 1229w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex Melendrez wrote to KQED wanting to talk about the effects the housing crisis has had on refugee communities. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alex Melendrez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Despite all the challenges surrounding the housing crisis, Alex remains hopeful.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: PEACEFUL WONDER]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ALEX: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As cheesy as it sounds, never underestimate your power to be part of the solution. Sending an email, making public comments, participating in an upcoming housing discussion.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I like to say any good organizer who loves policies or the debates around these conversations knows that policy isn’t what organizes people — it’s stories and impact.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">: With that, we turn to our final conversation with someone who has experienced eviction very young — Margot Rinaldo.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Knowing its effects firsthand has been a huge motivation in Margot’s work today, and it gives her a unique perspective on politics.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Her story starts in San Jose — the place where she last felt stability during her childhood.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT RINALDO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was a two-story house. It was like a white building with, like, blue roofs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I lived in that house until I was 11. What I really remember about that home was like, it was ours, like, it was ours.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All of that started changing around 2007, which is when my dad started receiving lots of calls from the bank.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: PEACEFUL WONDER]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And then finally, in like 2008, I remember one day my dad telling us, we’re going to lose the house.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This was during the Great Recession. Without an immediate place to go, her dad put their belongings in a storage unit.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cb>MARGOT:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And I remember, like, just staring at a pile of my toys and thinking to myself, like, I’m not going to be able to take all of these with me.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As a child, Margot says she didn’t understand the foreclosure crisis, or why the things that comforted her were now going away.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She has a strong memory of sitting in her dad’s car.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And like looking up at the sky and being like, I hope to God he finds a house soon. Like, that we can be a family again.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Margot moved around a lot over the next few years — 4 different cities, 3 different high schools, and many different homes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She told me about the place they moved into after losing her childhood home.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The only house we could get was not equipped for people to be living in.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I just remember like constantly, like, scratching at my ankles, and like these open sores would be on my ankles for, like, days because of all the flea bites. And we also didn’t have any furniture in that house.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Margot says housing instability dominoed into every part of her life.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s largely like a lack of security, a lack of the ability to feel calm, a lack of the ability to relax or, you know, feel confident in your future.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That lack of security affected\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Margot’s grades and social life. She remembers getting a D in Spanish class, despite being a native speaker.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I remember sitting at the Caltrain and, like, thinking, like, there’s no future for me to go to college or anything like that.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But Margot remained determined to continue her education.\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In her senior year of high school, she worked 40 hours a week to save enough money for the first few months of rent in the college dorms.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then for my 18th birthday present, my dad bought me a chance to take the S.A.T. and so that was my — I remember that was my 18th birthday present.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Margot’s experiences with the housing crisis set her on her life path.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911349\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 342px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911349 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-1020x1360.jpeg\" alt=\"A young woman with red glasses takes a selfie while in a room decorated with books.\" width=\"342\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-1020x1360.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-800x1067.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-160x213.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-1536x2048.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-scaled.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 342px) 100vw, 342px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Margot Rinaldo wrote to KQED wanting to share how her childhood shaped her views on housing issues. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Margot Rinaldo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: NEW INQUIRY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She graduated from Sacramento State in December 2021 with a degree in political science. She now lives in Sacramento and is a community organizer.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She’s \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">also\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> a regular at City Council meetings.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you’re a homeowner, you’re listened to when you call into the City Council meetings and you tell them you don’t like the look of unhoused people living near your neighborhood. They’ll go and sweep those people because you’re a homeowner, like, you matter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What’s clear to me is, like, certain people’s housing is a priority.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: NEW INQUIRY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What Margot has learned throughout her childhood, her studies and her involvement in the community is that housing instability and displacement is not a failure of individuals.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s a collective failure of our society. Especially for folks who have gone through so much housing insecurity like it’s really important to like, reclaim your sense of self.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As for solutions, Margot has a lot of ideas on how we can begin to chip away at the housing crisis, starting with more action from government leaders.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>You know, o\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ur local representatives need to start advocating at the state level. If they are being burdened by state policies that are not allowing them to move quickly enough for renters or for unhoused people, like, they need to start advocating at the state level. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And she’s got some advice on how to get started.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I hope if any young people are listening like you have power — you do have power. It takes a bit to organize and to, like, get to know where your supporters are in your community, but they’re there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Not only should you join an organization, but you should also be, like, reevaluating possibly how your individual circumstances are connected to the larger community around you.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: LEAVING THE CITY]\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When I think of home, I think about how every time I go to the Bay now, I take the Amtrak. When I get off the Amtrak, the bus transfer is right in front of the biggest Chase Bank building you’ve ever seen. When I sit across the street from that building, I wonder who is allowed in the highest levels of that building?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I know that my view of San Francisco is really different than theirs. And so in those moments, I’m really overcome with, like, bittersweet homesickness. That reminds me of when I was growing up there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I feel like the Bay Area for me has always been an art gallery, where the paintings are placed really high so only the tallest people are ever able to see them. And then as I’ve gotten older, I’ve been able to identify that the place that I’ve always considered home has always seemed to reject me.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Margot has been dedicating her energy on political education, by organizing teach-ins on Sacramento’s history of housing segregation, how housing policies work, and how to inspire greater local advocacy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thank you to everyone who shared their stories with me. That’s Cam Coulter, Ernesto Anguiano, Eva Hopkins, and Sean Ripley, Jenny Johnston, Alex Melendrez, and Margot Rinaldo.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: LEAVING THE CITY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And to the many others who shared their housing experiences — thank you.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[THEME MUSIC IN] \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For those of you who haven’t gotten in touch — and still want to — we’re here! Send us an email at \u003ca href=\"mailto:housing@kqed.org\">housing@kqed.org\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We always want to hear your experiences and your biggest, boldest and wildest idea for the future of housing.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ERIN: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That was Sold Out producer Natalia Aldana.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thank you to everyone who shared a tweet, Instagram post, or called and emailed us.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sold Out is a production of KQED. Natalia Aldana reported and produced this story. Editing by Kyana Moghadam and Jessica Placzek. Additional support came from Erika Kelly, Molly Solomon, and me, Erin Baldassari.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>MOLLY: \u003c/strong>Brendan Willard is our sound engineer. And Rob Speight wrote our theme song. Gerald Fermin is our engagement intern.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We couldn’t have made this season without Ethan Toven-Lindsey, Holly Kernan, Erika Aguilar and Vinnee Tong.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>ERIN: \u003c/strong>Thanks so much for listening. That’s a wrap!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[THEME MUSIC OUT]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Bonus: Your Stories and Solutions for the Housing Crisis | KQED",
"description": "What are your biggest ideas on how to solve the housing crisis? How has housing shaped your life? Throughout this season, we wanted to hear from you — the Sold Out audience. We asked you to get in touch, and you came through! From voice memos to emails and social media, dozens of listeners reached out and shared stories of housing insecurity and loss, advocacy work, and visions for an equitable housing future. In this bonus episode, hear from seven people for whom housing is at the center of everything. MOLLY SOLOMON: Hi! I’m Molly Solomon. ERIN BALDASSARI: And",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What are your biggest ideas on how to solve the housing crisis? How has housing shaped your life?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Throughout this season, we wanted to hear from you — the Sold Out audience. We asked you to get in touch, and you came through!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">From voice memos to emails and social media, dozens of listeners reached out and shared stories of housing insecurity and loss, advocacy work, and visions for an equitable housing future.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this bonus episode, hear from seven people for whom housing is at the center of everything. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch5 id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC9285725518&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/h5>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[TRANSCRIPT]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MOLLY SOLOMON: \u003c/strong>Hi! I’m Molly Solomon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>ERIN BALDASSARI: \u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And I’m Erin Baldassari. You’re listening to Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America, and today we’ve got something special for you from producer Natalia Aldana.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Take it away, Natalia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[SOLD OUT THEME MUSIC BEGINS]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11841421\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 451px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11841421\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"451\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut-1536x1018.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS16247_GettyImages-150582090-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A red for sale sign outside a home with a “sold pending” sticker posted across the front. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA ALDANA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When it comes to the housing crisis, every Californian has something to say about it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT RINALDO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Man, it’s like — it’s like the air we breathe. It is literally, like, a fact of life if you live in California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>NATALIA: \u003c/strong>We can all point to how it’s impacted us — affected our families, our neighborhoods, and our livelihoods.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Throughout this season of Sold Out, we’ve been asking for your thoughts and experiences when it comes to housing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So many of you got in touch. And today, you’ll hear from seven people whose stories might challenge you, empathize with you, and hopefully, inspire you.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC – DECK LOFI]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">First up, we have a listener who wants us to rethink how we live — literally\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">who we share a roof with, and how the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">way \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">we understand family impacts our housing.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam Coulter rents an apartment with his partner in San Jose. And Cam thinks the housing system favors homeowners. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM COULTER: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is probably a little hot-take, but I wish I could write off my rent payments as tax-deductible.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam recognizes that tax incentives are meant to motivate homeownership. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And that might work in other parts of the country. But here I feel like it really just punishes the people who can’t afford to buy a home.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although rent is not tax-deductible in California — the state does award a $60 renters tax credit for qualifying single filers who earn less than $43,533 a year. Since Cam and I last spoke, \u003ca href=\"https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/californias-renter-tax-credit-has-remained-unchanged-for-43-years-it-could-soon-increase/ar-AAW402s\">a state bill has been proposed that could potentially increase that credit to $500.\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT – DECK LOFI OUT]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While Cam\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> doesn’t really want to buy a h\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ome, they do want to build equity.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So I see the way that the desire to own a home is sort of constructed by the fact that it’s a great way to build wealth and have long-term stability. But I wish there were other ways to achieve that.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911686\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 334px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11911686\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"A person sits on the grass.\" width=\"334\" height=\"334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Cam-Coulter.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 334px) 100vw, 334px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cam Coulter wants KQED listeners to reimagine who we consider family, and how that might improve the housing crisis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Cam Coulter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> As for their other pie in the sky: Cam wants more \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ic.org/what-is-an-intentional-community-30th-birthday-day-13/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">intentional housing or co-housing communities\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>CAM: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When I stop and dream about what, like, a beautiful, sustainable, healthy future would look like, I see housing that looks more like this.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I’ve lived in intentional community before, and I’d like to do that again in the future.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN – \u003c/b>\u003cb>SUNKISSED]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Live not just with my own, how to say, like, nuclear family, but with other people, and to share space with them, share grocery budgets, do communal activities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I would love to live in a co-housing community where my partner and I could have some of our own space but also share common spaces with community. I would love to live in, like, a larger, multi-family home where maybe four to 10 adults, or kids, could comfortably live together without overcrowding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And this could benefit a lot of multi-generational families who I know are already overcrowded in their small single-family home. I think we have too few of those options.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT – \u003c/b>\u003cb>SUNKISSED]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam is nonbinary, and says the connection between queer and trans folks living in found families has probably influenced this perspective.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One thing that makes me frustrated is that so many of the housing units we have are designed for a nuclear family. Or perhaps, you know, you can have maybe grandparents or something, but they’re really designed as like single-family homes or small apartments, or just one or a couple of people. But that’s not really what I want.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of the largest barriers to\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">building more co-housing is, no surprise, money. But,\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam is cheering on organizations like the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://southbayclt.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">South Bay Community Land Trust\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which is working on acquiring their \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://southbayclt.org/capital-campaign-reed-st-acquisition/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">first community-owned house in San Jose\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cam believes co-housing can have additional benefits, like boosting our social health.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>CAM: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s like a really big issue these days, is that so many people are isolated. And when I lived in community before, I really loved just constantly having people around. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It did a lot of good for me.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN – SEARCHING FOR TREASURE]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Our next listener knows that\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the housing crisis should be attacked on every single front. So Santa Cruz renter Ernesto Anguiano is setting his sights on a culprit that some might consider a friend.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">You see… Ernesto wants to see cities change their zoning laws to allow for more multi-family housing. And he wants to see Bay Area cities built denser. He thinks one way to achieve that is by rethinking parking.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911347\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911347 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-1020x689.jpg\" alt=\"A man stands on a mountainside with a board.\" width=\"536\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-1020x689.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-800x540.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA-1536x1038.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/ErnestoA.jpg 1818w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ernesto Anguiano rents in Santa Cruz and wants listeners to consider how their car might impact the housing crisis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Ernesto Anguiano)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT – SEARCHING FOR TREASURE]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ERNESTO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There’s a lot of things that affect your ability to purchase a home. And the parking one was a unique aspect on it\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When there are parking minimums for housing developments\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, spaces for cars eat up what could be spaces for housing.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ERNESTO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So you’re essentially subsidizing that parking space that you could be building valuable housing in.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Ernesto sees it, denser cities create more transit options, so reducing a dependency on cars can help the environment, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">and makes it possible to afford a home. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All of these changes can help the housing crisis.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ERNESTO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">You know, everybody should have the opportunity and the ability to live where they want to live. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And if you want to have, you know, your single-family home, or your single-family neighborhood, you know, I can respect that. But at the same time, you have to give others the opportunity to live in that same neighborhood.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: WURLY REGGAETON]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ernesto knows folks have a reliance on cars, but he hopes he’s planted the seed for more conversations in the future.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Next, we turn to Eva Hopkins who has a vision for Oakland, her hometown. She has big thoughts on gentrification and ways to address it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>EVA HOPKINS:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> You have to at least have one point something million dollars to get a good house, in a good area, in Oakland. And I essentially got priced out of Oakland.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When we spoke Eva had just sold her condo in Emeryville and was preparing to move into her new home in Hercules. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: WURLY REGGAETON]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She sees how Oakland has changed. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11830938\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11830938\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS41536_009_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3511-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Single-family homes near MacArthur BART station in Oakland, on Feb. 21, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>EVA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All these developers coming in, and I’m going to say, white developers, coming in and kicking us all out, rebuilding stuff, and making it unaffordable for the people that were there before. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Where you could have been paying $1,000 for rent, now you’re paying $4,000 for rent.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: DIZZY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because if you talk about poverty, and stuff like that, you’re pushing us into poverty because we can’t afford this, and people don’t have anywhere to go. So where does that push them? When you push them out, that pushes them on the streets, and there’s poverty right there, right? So it’s basically keeping us from rising on top, and pushing us straight to the bottom.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s really important that when there are major developers coming in and redeveloping places, that they are community-driven. Get those construction companies that are in the community that you’re building in and get those residents working somehow, someway on this project so that they can live in the places that they build.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it’s not just Oakland\u003c/span>\u003cb> — \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eva works at a non-profit in San Francisco, and points to the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sf-hrc.org/sites/default/files/Dream%20Keeper%20Initiative_One%20Pager.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dream Keeper Initiative\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> as one tool to address gentrification there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: DIZZY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s a city-wide effort to reinvest $120 million from law enforcement into San Francisco’s Black community. $10 million is allocated for housing and homeownership.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Eva navigated the buyer and seller’s market these past few months, she said similar programs and initiatives really helped her, and she hopes prospective home buyers will take advantage of resources out there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>EVA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They are making it possible for people of color, and you know us, to buy homes, so take advantage of it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Taking advantage of programs is just one way to stabilize communities. But while that may not have been enough to help Eva own in Oakland, she said she’s proud to live in a Bay Area city and remain near her mom and brother.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC TRANSITION]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> We’re going to take a quick break. Coming up, one listener points to some legislation they think could make waves in affordability, a landlord who considered leaving the business, and someone who shows us the devastating effects of displacement.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MIDROLL – ADVERTISEMENT]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sean Ripley emailed us wanting to talk about a controversial policy in his city. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Opportunity to Purchase Act, or OPA, would give current tenants, as well as qualifying nonprofits, the first shot at buying certain residential properties.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>SEAN RIPLEY: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The hope is that this will create housing that has a permanent affordability to it, like the housing preservation that will happen over time.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although OPA has been discussed in the city since \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofepa.org/sites/default/files/fileattachments/housing/page/20967/2021.10.05_ppt_epa_opportunity_to_purchase_act_final.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">2018\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, it was first formally considered by the East Palo Alto City Council in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofepa.org/sites/default/files/fileattachments/housing/page/20967/2021.10.05_ppt_epa_opportunity_to_purchase_act_final.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">October 2021\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> — and the disagreements soon followed, through Facebook forums and city protests.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.noepaopa.com/home\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">NO to EPA OPA\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> website, one of the arguments against this ordinance is that it could damage the single-family housing market and property values.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911350\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 332px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911350 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-1020x1530.jpeg\" alt=\"A man smiles at the camera while wearing a bright red jacket, in front of a wall of bright red flowers.\" width=\"332\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-1020x1530.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-800x1200.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-160x240.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love-1024x1536.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Sean-Ripley-Day-of-Love.jpeg 1365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sean Ripley, seen here posing for a local event, wants KQED listeners to know what’s happening in his city of East Palo Alto. \u003ccite>(Jerry Chang, courtesy of Sean Ripley)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>SEAN: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s kind of that part of the conversation, the financial argument on one side, against the kind of, housing and restorative justice aspect on the other side.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sean and his wife own a single-family home in East Palo Alto. As a homeowner, he recognizes that his property value could fall, but in the end, he says he wants to see everyone in his community have an equitable opportunity to grow and thrive.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>SEAN: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I do care about the value of my house. But I would be willing to take a hit to that value if I knew that the neighbors around me would be able to be uplifted.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: ALWAYS ON THE UP HIP HOP]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because I know that them being uplifted raises everything, including myself. I don’t have to just focus on my property, in my silo, in my small piece of the world — I live in something bigger. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When I spoke to Sean in February, a vote was expected on OPA on March 1st, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/03/02/east-palo-alto-tables-considers-diluting-controversial-tenants-rights-ordinance/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">but it’s since been postponed, likely, for up to 10 months.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This season of Sold Out talked about the loss of small landlords, and how the rise of corporate landlords has led to more evictions. But what makes a small landlord want to stop being a landlord?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny Johnston says so much of being a landlord has changed, and recently, she considered leaving the business.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny lives in a Berkeley duplex she and her husband purchased in 2003, and they started renting it out to help pay their mortgage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Back then, she says identifying a tenant was a lot easier. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: ALWAYS ON THE UP HIP HOP]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY JOHNSTON: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And at that time, we interviewed people and we did a background check, and we checked and saw what they were earning. We kind of basically just said, “Well, I don’t know, did you get a good feeling from those people or not?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But now, she says the pandemic’s impacts on the economy, plus the eviction moratorium have made it much more challenging to be a landlord.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11809882\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11809882\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"Two houses, side by side, one with boarded-up windows.\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS612_foreclosure20120511-1920x1254.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Gavin Newsom’s moratorium on evictions came after advocacy organizations and some state lawmakers made repeated calls to the governor to provide protection to renters when residents were told to shelter in place. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The criteria have gotten stricter. I needed to make sure that people had almost like an extra cushion, that they would be able to, you know — and maybe I’m very careful — like, you know, what if somebody was working for a restaurant or a bakery? Well, you know, it could shut down if business wasn’t good, right?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It even made Jenny question whether this was still a sustainable source of income.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If I look back that far and I say, hey, if I had gotten out of this and just put the money into some mutual fund in the stock market or something, I would have actually done better.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: PASTIME]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today, companies own at least two-thirds of apartment buildings nationwide — a big change from the late 80’s when a majority of landlords were considered “mom and pop” shops.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny says she knows of other property owners who have stopped renting because the process has become too difficult to manage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I mean, I understand that during the pandemic the government didn’t want people to be kicked out of their housing because of the lack of rent, but I’ve heard of several cases of other friends of mine who have units who just stopped renting them because they didn’t want to rent out without knowing that they had some control over what was happening on their property.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny says regulations like eviction protections and rent payment postponement, have made renting more labor-intensive, and financially riskier for her.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: PASTIME]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She believes a way out of the crisis is to build more housing, rather than placing more restrictions on the limited housing available.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>JENNY:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> If you take a number of places that already exist and start to make a lot of rules about how people can offer those, it doesn’t make more places for people to live, it actually makes it harder.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I don’t hear that point of view very often. And I know that, you know, different people see this in different ways and that, you know, some protections are important, but just trying to make people offer their units in a certain way is not going to create new units or places for people to live.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jenny continues to rent out her place in Berkeley, and says seeing more houses built in her East Bay community gives her hope.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: Lo Fi Fun Rap]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Next, we’ll hear from two organizers — the experiences that brought them to this work, and the issues they’re determined to solve.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ALEX MELENDREZ: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Housing is a human right.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alex Melendrez lives with his parents in San Bruno, where he pays rent.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And he has a guiding principle for his work.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>ALEX: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Everyone deserves a stable home.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: Lo Fi Fun Rap]\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As the son of Mexican and Afghan immigrants, Alex is concerned with how the housing crisis has led to overcrowding in immigrant and refugee communities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ALEX: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of them will tell you finding permanently affordable housing is the biggest challenge to stabilizing community members who already face large barriers and cultural changes that make adjusting difficult.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s not a recipe for success if you do not have a stable home.\u003c/span>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911688\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 372px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11911688\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-800x1000.jpg\" alt=\"A young man stands in the snow.\" width=\"372\" height=\"465\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-1020x1275.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez-1229x1536.jpg 1229w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Alex-Melendrez.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex Melendrez wrote to KQED wanting to talk about the effects the housing crisis has had on refugee communities. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alex Melendrez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Despite all the challenges surrounding the housing crisis, Alex remains hopeful.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: PEACEFUL WONDER]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ALEX: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As cheesy as it sounds, never underestimate your power to be part of the solution. Sending an email, making public comments, participating in an upcoming housing discussion.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I like to say any good organizer who loves policies or the debates around these conversations knows that policy isn’t what organizes people — it’s stories and impact.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">: With that, we turn to our final conversation with someone who has experienced eviction very young — Margot Rinaldo.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Knowing its effects firsthand has been a huge motivation in Margot’s work today, and it gives her a unique perspective on politics.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Her story starts in San Jose — the place where she last felt stability during her childhood.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT RINALDO: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was a two-story house. It was like a white building with, like, blue roofs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I lived in that house until I was 11. What I really remember about that home was like, it was ours, like, it was ours.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All of that started changing around 2007, which is when my dad started receiving lots of calls from the bank.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: PEACEFUL WONDER]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And then finally, in like 2008, I remember one day my dad telling us, we’re going to lose the house.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This was during the Great Recession. Without an immediate place to go, her dad put their belongings in a storage unit.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cb>MARGOT:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And I remember, like, just staring at a pile of my toys and thinking to myself, like, I’m not going to be able to take all of these with me.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As a child, Margot says she didn’t understand the foreclosure crisis, or why the things that comforted her were now going away.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She has a strong memory of sitting in her dad’s car.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And like looking up at the sky and being like, I hope to God he finds a house soon. Like, that we can be a family again.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Margot moved around a lot over the next few years — 4 different cities, 3 different high schools, and many different homes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She told me about the place they moved into after losing her childhood home.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The only house we could get was not equipped for people to be living in.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I just remember like constantly, like, scratching at my ankles, and like these open sores would be on my ankles for, like, days because of all the flea bites. And we also didn’t have any furniture in that house.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Margot says housing instability dominoed into every part of her life.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s largely like a lack of security, a lack of the ability to feel calm, a lack of the ability to relax or, you know, feel confident in your future.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That lack of security affected\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Margot’s grades and social life. She remembers getting a D in Spanish class, despite being a native speaker.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I remember sitting at the Caltrain and, like, thinking, like, there’s no future for me to go to college or anything like that.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But Margot remained determined to continue her education.\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In her senior year of high school, she worked 40 hours a week to save enough money for the first few months of rent in the college dorms.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then for my 18th birthday present, my dad bought me a chance to take the S.A.T. and so that was my — I remember that was my 18th birthday present.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Margot’s experiences with the housing crisis set her on her life path.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911349\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 342px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11911349 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-1020x1360.jpeg\" alt=\"A young woman with red glasses takes a selfie while in a room decorated with books.\" width=\"342\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-1020x1360.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-800x1067.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-160x213.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-1536x2048.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_5823-scaled.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 342px) 100vw, 342px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Margot Rinaldo wrote to KQED wanting to share how her childhood shaped her views on housing issues. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Margot Rinaldo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: NEW INQUIRY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She graduated from Sacramento State in December 2021 with a degree in political science. She now lives in Sacramento and is a community organizer.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She’s \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">also\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> a regular at City Council meetings.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you’re a homeowner, you’re listened to when you call into the City Council meetings and you tell them you don’t like the look of unhoused people living near your neighborhood. They’ll go and sweep those people because you’re a homeowner, like, you matter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What’s clear to me is, like, certain people’s housing is a priority.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: NEW INQUIRY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What Margot has learned throughout her childhood, her studies and her involvement in the community is that housing instability and displacement is not a failure of individuals.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s a collective failure of our society. Especially for folks who have gone through so much housing insecurity like it’s really important to like, reclaim your sense of self.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As for solutions, Margot has a lot of ideas on how we can begin to chip away at the housing crisis, starting with more action from government leaders.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>You know, o\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ur local representatives need to start advocating at the state level. If they are being burdened by state policies that are not allowing them to move quickly enough for renters or for unhoused people, like, they need to start advocating at the state level. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And she’s got some advice on how to get started.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I hope if any young people are listening like you have power — you do have power. It takes a bit to organize and to, like, get to know where your supporters are in your community, but they’re there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Not only should you join an organization, but you should also be, like, reevaluating possibly how your individual circumstances are connected to the larger community around you.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC IN: LEAVING THE CITY]\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MARGOT:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When I think of home, I think about how every time I go to the Bay now, I take the Amtrak. When I get off the Amtrak, the bus transfer is right in front of the biggest Chase Bank building you’ve ever seen. When I sit across the street from that building, I wonder who is allowed in the highest levels of that building?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I know that my view of San Francisco is really different than theirs. And so in those moments, I’m really overcome with, like, bittersweet homesickness. That reminds me of when I was growing up there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I feel like the Bay Area for me has always been an art gallery, where the paintings are placed really high so only the tallest people are ever able to see them. And then as I’ve gotten older, I’ve been able to identify that the place that I’ve always considered home has always seemed to reject me.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NATALIA: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Margot has been dedicating her energy on political education, by organizing teach-ins on Sacramento’s history of housing segregation, how housing policies work, and how to inspire greater local advocacy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thank you to everyone who shared their stories with me. That’s Cam Coulter, Ernesto Anguiano, Eva Hopkins, and Sean Ripley, Jenny Johnston, Alex Melendrez, and Margot Rinaldo.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[MUSIC OUT: LEAVING THE CITY]\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And to the many others who shared their housing experiences — thank you.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>[THEME MUSIC IN] \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For those of you who haven’t gotten in touch — and still want to — we’re here! Send us an email at \u003ca href=\"mailto:housing@kqed.org\">housing@kqed.org\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We always want to hear your experiences and your biggest, boldest and wildest idea for the future of housing.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>ERIN: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That was Sold Out producer Natalia Aldana.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thank you to everyone who shared a tweet, Instagram post, or called and emailed us.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sold Out is a production of KQED. Natalia Aldana reported and produced this story. Editing by Kyana Moghadam and Jessica Placzek. Additional support came from Erika Kelly, Molly Solomon, and me, Erin Baldassari.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>MOLLY: \u003c/strong>Brendan Willard is our sound engineer. And Rob Speight wrote our theme song. Gerald Fermin is our engagement intern.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We couldn’t have made this season without Ethan Toven-Lindsey, Holly Kernan, Erika Aguilar and Vinnee Tong.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>ERIN: \u003c/strong>Thanks so much for listening. That’s a wrap!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Cheryl Kolb was growing up in Quincy, a picturesque Gold Rush town in the northern Sierra, kids would while away their days exploring the forests, swimming in the Feather River and getting milkshakes at the Polka Dot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, those trails and swimming holes are a lot quieter. Quincy High School, the largest high school in Plumas County, had only 301 students last year in grades 7-12 — fewer than half its enrollment when Kolb was a student there in the 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been pretty hard to see all these families leave, because I love it here,” said Kolb, who’s lived in Quincy most of her life and has raised her three children there. “I’d prefer to stay here forever, but I guess if there was another disaster, another big fire, I’d have to consider leaving, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' citation='Linda Irving, superintendent, Sebastopol Union School District']‘It’s a depressing situation. The smaller you get, the fewer options you have, so it’s exponential.’[/pullquote]Even as the overall population in California’s rural north has remained steady or even grown over the past two decades, the number of children enrolled in public schools such as those in Quincy has shrunk. From the Pacific Coast to the inland mountains and valleys, dozens of schools have seen steep drops in enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Faced with voracious wildfires that strike almost annually, unsteady local economies and an ever-escalating cost of living, families are fleeing to other counties and other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter schools have siphoned away thousands of students, and as the pandemic wears on, more families are opting to homeschool their children rather than submit them to mask and vaccine mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s left schools in towns like Quincy and Dunsmuir and Alturas with empty classrooms and difficult choices. Because school funding in California is based on attendance, rural schools receive less money every year that enrollment drops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That forces them to lay off staff — a painful process in towns where jobs are scarce and everyone knows one another — or cut popular amenities like after-school programs and science labs. Closing schools is rarely an option because the district may have only one school serving a massive geographic area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These factors all combine to strain rural districts even further, often resulting in cuts that make schools even less attractive to prospective families. But the situation is not new, said Tim Taylor, executive director of the Small School Districts’ Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Declining enrollment has been a challenge in rural areas for decades. Now that LA Unified has declining enrollment, everyone is saying, wow, this is really a problem,” Taylor said. “What we know is that it’s a heavy load, and the pressure falls on the superintendent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, enrollment had held steady over the past decade, until it plummeted during the pandemic, triggering the state Wednesday to form a task force to study its origins. But in many parts of rural Northern California, enrollment has been inching downward for two decades or more. Since 1999-20, schools in the rural north of the state have lost 5.02% of their enrollment. Some have lost far more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some rural districts in the region have seen enrollment drop by more than 60% over the past 20 years. Although they’re all facing the same challenges, each school has its own story and unique reasons for declining enrollment. Golden Feather Union Elementary School District in Butte County, where enrollment has dropped by 76% over the past 20 years, was ravaged by the Camp Fire in 2018, only to be threatened again by the Dixie Fire in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' citation='Ann Schulte, director of civic engagement, Cal State Chico']‘Plenty of people who grew up in small towns want to move back and settle there and raise kids. But there has to be more there than just their grandparents. There has to be a good cup of coffee and a place to hear music.’[/pullquote] Orick, in the redwoods of northern Humboldt County, has seen its population plummet as its six sawmills closed, one by one, leaving the K-8 Orick School with only 21 students last year. In the early 1990s, Orick School had almost 80 students. Schools in some counties, such as Trinity, Humboldt and Mendocino, have seen their attendance fluctuate based on the vagaries of the cannabis industry, which currently is flagging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sebastopol, in Sonoma County, has not been decimated by wildfires or unemployment. But, situated amid bucolic apple orchards and vineyards in the North Bay, it has been subject to a soaring cost of living. The average home price last month was $1.3 million, according to \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.realtor.com/realestateandhomes-search/Sebastopol_CA/overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Realtor.com\u003c/a>, and rents jumped by more than 50% last year. It’s not unusual for families to pay more than $3,000 a month to rent a small house — a major hurdle in an area that’s primarily agricultural.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County also has a plethora of charter and private schools, and families can easily send their children to schools in districts other than the one in which they reside. The result is that the Sebastopol Union School District has to fight to attract and retain students, which is not always easy in an area that is rapidly changing. In 2000, the K-8 district had more than 1,200 students. Now it’s hovering at 400.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a depressing situation. The smaller you get, the fewer options you have, so it’s exponential,” said Superintendent Linda Irving. “I try to bring the board, unions and community together. That helps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sebastopol, shrinking enrollment means that Irving has to think of creative ways to attract new students. Using a small budget for marketing, she’s printed brochures for local real estate agents to give to new families, and upgraded the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sebastopolschools.org/\">district website\u003c/a>. She’s also used one-time money to fund ongoing services like science, technology, engineering and math programs — not an ideal choice but necessary to compete against better-funded schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rio Dell Elementary, a TK-8 district in Humboldt County, has been hit hard by COVID — and COVID regulations, said Superintendent Angela Johnson. The area has the highest COVID rate in the county, according to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://humboldtgov.org/3246/COVID-19-Data-Dashboard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Humboldt County Department of Health and Human Services\u003c/a>, but school closures, mask mandates and vaccine requirements also have taken a toll, leading many frustrated families to pull their children from the local public school and homeschool them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often when the students return to school, they’re behind their classmates academically and need extra help catching up, placing a further burden on the 290-student, mostly lower-income district, Johnson said. She dreads any further COVID requirements from Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re closely watching to see what the Legislature does with vaccine mandates. It’s going to be crucial in rural communities like ours,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enrollment at Happy Valley Union Elementary, near Redding, hasn’t slipped nearly as much as other rural schools. The K-8 district in the upper Sacramento Valley had only 34% fewer students last year than it did 20 years ago, compared with the estimated 50% drop many districts have suffered. But attendance has been a challenge. Early in the school year, roughly 13% of students were absent daily, largely due to COVID restrictions that led families to keep their children at home, said Superintendent Shelly Craig.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Craig is grateful for the supportive community in Happy Valley, an unincorporated area in Shasta County surrounded by farms and ranches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our schools are at the center of our close-knit community. Several students are second- and third-generation students. Until last year, when several teachers and staff members retired, the majority of our teachers had served in the community for decades,” Craig said. “Our students and staff are part of a school family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That strong sense of community is one asset that small towns can offer prospective families and young people looking to settle down, said Ann Schulte, head of civic engagement at California State University, Chico and an education professor who works closely with rural districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if those towns want families and young people to stay, they need to listen more closely to what young people want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Plenty of people who grew up in small towns want to move back and settle there and raise kids,” she said. “But there has to be more there than just their grandparents. There has to be a good cup of coffee and a place to hear music. There has to be some culture and economic opportunity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to declining enrollment and other issues facing rural youth, school leaders in Shasta, Tehama, Siskiyou, Modoc and Trinity counties, with help from the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.mcconnellfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">McConnell Foundation\u003c/a>, launched an organization called North State Together, which convenes schools, local businesses, families, tribal groups and others to strengthen local schools and improve outcomes for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schulte is optimistic that these towns will revitalize and more families will decide to stay and raise their children there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are suddenly paying attention to what’s happening in rural areas, and they’re realizing these are beautiful, undervalued places that have a lot to offer,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Plumas County, longtime Quincy resident Kolb is hopeful that her community will be spared another disaster like the Dixie Fire, which roared perilously close to Quincy last summer, and that life will return to normal post-pandemic. Ultimately, she said, Quincy and towns like it are wonderful places to grow up, settle down and raise kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I loved growing up here. It was safe, it was fun. Our parents never knew where we were, and that was OK,” said Kolb, who works at the Quincy Chamber of Commerce. “It was an awesome place to be. It still is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These factors all combine to strain rural districts even further, often resulting in cuts that make schools even less attractive to prospective families. But the situation is not new, said Tim Taylor, executive director of the Small School Districts’ Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Declining enrollment has been a challenge in rural areas for decades. Now that LA Unified has declining enrollment, everyone is saying, wow, this is really a problem,” Taylor said. “What we know is that it’s a heavy load, and the pressure falls on the superintendent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, enrollment had held steady over the past decade, until it plummeted during the pandemic, triggering the state Wednesday to form a task force to study its origins. But in many parts of rural Northern California, enrollment has been inching downward for two decades or more. Since 1999-20, schools in the rural north of the state have lost 5.02% of their enrollment. Some have lost far more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some rural districts in the region have seen enrollment drop by more than 60% over the past 20 years. Although they’re all facing the same challenges, each school has its own story and unique reasons for declining enrollment. Golden Feather Union Elementary School District in Butte County, where enrollment has dropped by 76% over the past 20 years, was ravaged by the Camp Fire in 2018, only to be threatened again by the Dixie Fire in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Orick, in the redwoods of northern Humboldt County, has seen its population plummet as its six sawmills closed, one by one, leaving the K-8 Orick School with only 21 students last year. In the early 1990s, Orick School had almost 80 students. Schools in some counties, such as Trinity, Humboldt and Mendocino, have seen their attendance fluctuate based on the vagaries of the cannabis industry, which currently is flagging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sebastopol, in Sonoma County, has not been decimated by wildfires or unemployment. But, situated amid bucolic apple orchards and vineyards in the North Bay, it has been subject to a soaring cost of living. The average home price last month was $1.3 million, according to \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.realtor.com/realestateandhomes-search/Sebastopol_CA/overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Realtor.com\u003c/a>, and rents jumped by more than 50% last year. It’s not unusual for families to pay more than $3,000 a month to rent a small house — a major hurdle in an area that’s primarily agricultural.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County also has a plethora of charter and private schools, and families can easily send their children to schools in districts other than the one in which they reside. The result is that the Sebastopol Union School District has to fight to attract and retain students, which is not always easy in an area that is rapidly changing. In 2000, the K-8 district had more than 1,200 students. Now it’s hovering at 400.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a depressing situation. The smaller you get, the fewer options you have, so it’s exponential,” said Superintendent Linda Irving. “I try to bring the board, unions and community together. That helps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sebastopol, shrinking enrollment means that Irving has to think of creative ways to attract new students. Using a small budget for marketing, she’s printed brochures for local real estate agents to give to new families, and upgraded the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sebastopolschools.org/\">district website\u003c/a>. She’s also used one-time money to fund ongoing services like science, technology, engineering and math programs — not an ideal choice but necessary to compete against better-funded schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rio Dell Elementary, a TK-8 district in Humboldt County, has been hit hard by COVID — and COVID regulations, said Superintendent Angela Johnson. The area has the highest COVID rate in the county, according to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://humboldtgov.org/3246/COVID-19-Data-Dashboard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Humboldt County Department of Health and Human Services\u003c/a>, but school closures, mask mandates and vaccine requirements also have taken a toll, leading many frustrated families to pull their children from the local public school and homeschool them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often when the students return to school, they’re behind their classmates academically and need extra help catching up, placing a further burden on the 290-student, mostly lower-income district, Johnson said. She dreads any further COVID requirements from Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re closely watching to see what the Legislature does with vaccine mandates. It’s going to be crucial in rural communities like ours,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enrollment at Happy Valley Union Elementary, near Redding, hasn’t slipped nearly as much as other rural schools. The K-8 district in the upper Sacramento Valley had only 34% fewer students last year than it did 20 years ago, compared with the estimated 50% drop many districts have suffered. But attendance has been a challenge. Early in the school year, roughly 13% of students were absent daily, largely due to COVID restrictions that led families to keep their children at home, said Superintendent Shelly Craig.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Craig is grateful for the supportive community in Happy Valley, an unincorporated area in Shasta County surrounded by farms and ranches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our schools are at the center of our close-knit community. Several students are second- and third-generation students. Until last year, when several teachers and staff members retired, the majority of our teachers had served in the community for decades,” Craig said. “Our students and staff are part of a school family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That strong sense of community is one asset that small towns can offer prospective families and young people looking to settle down, said Ann Schulte, head of civic engagement at California State University, Chico and an education professor who works closely with rural districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if those towns want families and young people to stay, they need to listen more closely to what young people want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Plenty of people who grew up in small towns want to move back and settle there and raise kids,” she said. “But there has to be more there than just their grandparents. There has to be a good cup of coffee and a place to hear music. There has to be some culture and economic opportunity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to declining enrollment and other issues facing rural youth, school leaders in Shasta, Tehama, Siskiyou, Modoc and Trinity counties, with help from the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.mcconnellfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">McConnell Foundation\u003c/a>, launched an organization called North State Together, which convenes schools, local businesses, families, tribal groups and others to strengthen local schools and improve outcomes for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schulte is optimistic that these towns will revitalize and more families will decide to stay and raise their children there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are suddenly paying attention to what’s happening in rural areas, and they’re realizing these are beautiful, undervalued places that have a lot to offer,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Plumas County, longtime Quincy resident Kolb is hopeful that her community will be spared another disaster like the Dixie Fire, which roared perilously close to Quincy last summer, and that life will return to normal post-pandemic. Ultimately, she said, Quincy and towns like it are wonderful places to grow up, settle down and raise kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I loved growing up here. It was safe, it was fun. Our parents never knew where we were, and that was OK,” said Kolb, who works at the Quincy Chamber of Commerce. “It was an awesome place to be. It still is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "'They See Us As Expendable': Oakland Families of Children With Disabilities Call School Closure Plan Discriminatory",
"title": "'They See Us As Expendable': Oakland Families of Children With Disabilities Call School Closure Plan Discriminatory",
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"content": "\u003cp>Eight-year-old Max Pezold has bounced around Oakland public schools since preschool, a fairly typical path in this district for students with special education needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diagnosed with autism and profound learning delays when he was 2 years old, Max began his formal education at a preschool program for children with autism at Montclair Elementary School. He then was mistakenly placed in a special kindergarten language program at Edison Elementary — which didn’t work out, because he is nonverbal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a short, challenging stint in what his parents described as a disastrously run classroom at Piedmont Elementary, Max finally landed at Carl B. Munck Elementary, a small school in the Oakland hills near Merritt College with a culture of inclusiveness, where nearly 18% of the students have disabilities. The school has been so welcoming that Max’s dad says he gets emotional describing it.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Carl Pezold, parent\"]'It seems like the deck is stacked against you. You have a hard enough time trying to raise a kid with disabilities and then they throw this at you.'[/pullquote]“You know, my son, he's a lovely boy, but he doesn't talk, he doesn't look at people in the eye,” Carl Pezold said. “But the other … kids, they greet him, they know his name. They say, ‘Hi, Max!,’ you know, [even though] he’ll just kind of barrel past them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike in some other schools, where students with disabilities can be isolated from the rest of the school in portable classrooms, Max and his classmates are in centrally located rooms. They share hallways and other facilities with general education students, and join conventional classes twice a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When children in general education classes empathize with and accept kids like Max, it can be a profound experience for everyone involved, but one that’s all too rare in Oakland Unified, Pezold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, in the special education community or in the disabled community, what we want is to be seen. That's what they can do in this small school environment,” Pezold said of Munck, where half the students are Black and the vast majority come from other parts of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s why Pezold and other parents here were stunned to learn in February that the district was planning to shut down the school at the end of the 2022-23 academic year. That means families must enroll in a new school for the following year by this coming fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911750\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911750\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max.jpg\" alt=\"A young boy wearing a swim shirt and swim suit sits in folding chair on a beach.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1632\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max-800x680.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max-1020x867.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max-160x136.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max-1536x1306.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Max Pezold, 8, who has autism, attended several OUSD elementary schools before coming to Carl B. Munck Elementary, where his family says he is thriving. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Carl Pezold)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Munck is one of the five small schools slated for closure next year, part of the district’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11904618/oakland-moves-to-close-seven-schools-despite-fierce-community-opposition\">larger school-consolidation plan\u003c/a> to address declining enrollments and ongoing budget concerns. The schools on the chopping block, which include Grass Valley and Brookfield Elementary, collectively serve 224 students with special education requirements — like Max — about half of whom have moderate to severe disabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the families affected say the district is targeting its most vulnerable students, noting that the closures will disproportionately affect students of color with disabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the district maintains it is currently “overinvesting” in small, under-enrolled schools like Munck, which has just 227 students. The district says it wants to create cost-saving efficiencies by consolidating many of its schools that have fewer than 400 students and reinvesting in neighborhood schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because less than 6% of Munck’s families come from the immediate area — with most, like Max’s family, driving from elsewhere in the city — it is not considered a neighborhood school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Munck closes, Max’s world will get turned upside down — again\u003cem>, \u003c/em>Pezold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The strides that he's making are going to be reversed, whether it be on toileting, whether it be on his language or some of his behavior. It's a shame, when he's doing so well,” he said. “It seems like the deck is stacked against you. You have a hard enough time trying to raise a kid with disabilities and then they throw this at you. You feel [the district] sees you as expendable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The special day classes for students like Max usually have no more than 10 children, less than half the size of a conventional elementary school classroom in the district, and require extra support staff — all of which can greatly increase a school’s operational costs. Students with significant support needs also tend to be absent more often, which lowers the per-pupil funding a school receives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A small group of children sitting in a classroom, looking at a screen with an animated video on it.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1598\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-800x499.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-1020x637.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-1536x959.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-2048x1278.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-1920x1199.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jolanda Murphy says her daughter, Dalaine, pictured here in a pink shirt on April 7, 2022, has been thriving in a small special day class at Carl B. Munck Elementary in Oakland for children with moderate to severe education needs. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite those factors, Munck’s principal, Denise Burroughs, has made it a policy to welcome these students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once they come across the threshold, they know we're going to take care of them and we're going to interact with them, speak to them,” said Burroughs, who has led the school for nearly 20 years. “My moderate-to-severe children, many of them are nonverbal, but I'm seeing some of them react because we react with them.”[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"ousd\"]Jennifer Blake, OUSD’s executive director of special education, agrees that Munck is a good example of how schools can better integrate students with disabilities into the general school culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the district says it simply doesn’t have the dollars to sustain Munck’s small-school model, and has cited “over-investment” in its small schools as part of its justification for shuttering many of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we're talking about my dream-world scenario, we would have adequate base funding and adequate special-education funding at both the federal and state level to be able to ensure that we are able to build and foster schools that are small and highly specialized by design,” Blake said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She acknowledges the optics of the current closure plans and the pain it’s inflicting on families, but says the closures will ultimately strengthen programs in larger, neighborhood schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know there was no intention to be able to target students with disabilities exclusively,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blake says she wants to create more inclusive programs like the one at Munck, with TK-5 programs available at more schools throughout the district, so kids like Max don't have to bounce around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jolanda Murphy, whose 9-year-old daughter, Dalaine, also attends Munck, says the district’s decision to close this school seems outwardly discriminatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You're basically telling parents that do have kids with special needs that we don't care. We’d rather put the focus and the time and energy into something else,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dalaine, who is in a special day class at the school, has cerebral palsy, and is prone to seizures. When she was diagnosed as an infant, hospital staff said she would never walk or talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911747\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911747\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs.jpg\" alt=\"A middle-aged woman with glasses.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1364\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs-800x568.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs-1020x725.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs-1536x1091.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carl B. Munck Principal Denise Burroughs, in her office on April 7, 2022. She says her small school is under-enrolled in part because some white families in the Oakland hills are reluctant to send their children to a majority Black school. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“But I told them that I serve a God who is going to do bigger and better things for her,” Murphy said. By 16 months Dalaine was crawling, and by age 4 she walked into preschool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And her teacher cried, because she knew how much I wanted Dalaine to walk,\" Murphy recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Max, Dalaine is nonverbal but very expressive. Murphy says she has seen her make real progress at Munck, where she uses touch screens and flash cards to learn to count and identify letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her effort to stop the closure of her daughter’s school, Murphy recently joined the district’s Community Advisory Committee for Special Education, which sent letters to the school board, the county, the state superintendent and the governor accusing OUSD of negligent treatment of disabled students — particularly Black students, who make up 27% of students with disabilities in the district.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jolanda Murphy, parent\"]'You're basically telling parents that do have kids with special needs that we don't care. We’d rather put the focus and the time and energy into something else.'[/pullquote]The ACLU also has asked California’s attorney general to investigate whether the district took racial equity into account in its closure plans, as it is required to do under the district's Reparations for Black Students resolution that the school board passed last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified, by its own admission, has a history of chronically underfunding historically Black schools, says Linnea Nelson, a senior staff attorney in the ACLU of Northern California’s Racial and Economic Justice Program. “It now has created the very conditions that it is now citing to justify disrupting tight-knit school communities and displacing literally hundreds of Black students,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, the district has said it remains focused on improving outcomes for underserved populations, particularly Black students, and that its closure plans are part of a broader strategy to redirect resources toward larger neighborhood schools that serve a greater number of kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Murphy believes the district is specifically targeting Munck, in part, because it wants to repurpose the property the school sits on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is prime real estate,” Murphy pointed out. “If they close the school completely, they're going to tear it down and build houses. Period. Point blank.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California law makes it hard for districts to sell off school properties, but those plots can more easily be declared surplus and leased out to private schools and charter schools, or used for teacher housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Carl B. Munck has a beautiful view of Oakland,” she said. “If you go up there, you can sit up there and just lose yourself because of the view of our beautiful city. You can see San Francisco, San Mateo just from their view of the school. It's such a beautiful campus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munck’s serene location, largely devoid of sirens or traffic sounds, is particularly ideal for students with special education needs, Murphy notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911749\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911749\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley.jpg\" alt=\"A mother puts her hands on the hips of her daughter, who stands in front of her.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jolanda Murphy with her daughter, Dalaine, 9, who has cerebral palsy, at their home in Oakland on April 7, 2022, during a 'sensory day,' when Dalaine is allowed to rip up paper, put things on the ground and be more 'loose' and less regulated, to calm her down after a stressful experience. Murphy says Carl B. Munck Elementary, which Dalaine currently attends, is the best place for her. Murphy is fighting the school's closure. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the predominantly white Oakland hills also is an area where discriminatory housing policies have, for nearly a century, largely denied Black families the opportunity to buy homes and attend schools here. And both Murphy and Burroughs, Munck’s principal, believe that racism remains a factor in the district’s decision-making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, over the years, I’ve actually had people say things like, ‘Well, I like the school, but I just feel like my child would be in a minority here,’ because there were so many children of African descent and color here. I’ve actually had people say that, judge the school that way,” said Burroughs, who is Black and has lived much of her life in Oakland. “It feels like you want to erase these kids from being here. That’s what it feels like to me. Because truly, if it’s just about under-enrollment, the goal would have been, ‘Let’s figure out how to increase enrollment,’ right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Murphy, she says she and other parents are not giving up in their fight to keep the school open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just feel that for my daughter, she needs to have the best,” she said. “And right now, the best is Carl Munck.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Eight-year-old Max Pezold has bounced around Oakland public schools since preschool, a fairly typical path in this district for students with special education needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diagnosed with autism and profound learning delays when he was 2 years old, Max began his formal education at a preschool program for children with autism at Montclair Elementary School. He then was mistakenly placed in a special kindergarten language program at Edison Elementary — which didn’t work out, because he is nonverbal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a short, challenging stint in what his parents described as a disastrously run classroom at Piedmont Elementary, Max finally landed at Carl B. Munck Elementary, a small school in the Oakland hills near Merritt College with a culture of inclusiveness, where nearly 18% of the students have disabilities. The school has been so welcoming that Max’s dad says he gets emotional describing it.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“You know, my son, he's a lovely boy, but he doesn't talk, he doesn't look at people in the eye,” Carl Pezold said. “But the other … kids, they greet him, they know his name. They say, ‘Hi, Max!,’ you know, [even though] he’ll just kind of barrel past them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike in some other schools, where students with disabilities can be isolated from the rest of the school in portable classrooms, Max and his classmates are in centrally located rooms. They share hallways and other facilities with general education students, and join conventional classes twice a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When children in general education classes empathize with and accept kids like Max, it can be a profound experience for everyone involved, but one that’s all too rare in Oakland Unified, Pezold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, in the special education community or in the disabled community, what we want is to be seen. That's what they can do in this small school environment,” Pezold said of Munck, where half the students are Black and the vast majority come from other parts of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s why Pezold and other parents here were stunned to learn in February that the district was planning to shut down the school at the end of the 2022-23 academic year. That means families must enroll in a new school for the following year by this coming fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911750\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911750\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max.jpg\" alt=\"A young boy wearing a swim shirt and swim suit sits in folding chair on a beach.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1632\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max-800x680.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max-1020x867.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max-160x136.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Max-1536x1306.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Max Pezold, 8, who has autism, attended several OUSD elementary schools before coming to Carl B. Munck Elementary, where his family says he is thriving. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Carl Pezold)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Munck is one of the five small schools slated for closure next year, part of the district’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11904618/oakland-moves-to-close-seven-schools-despite-fierce-community-opposition\">larger school-consolidation plan\u003c/a> to address declining enrollments and ongoing budget concerns. The schools on the chopping block, which include Grass Valley and Brookfield Elementary, collectively serve 224 students with special education requirements — like Max — about half of whom have moderate to severe disabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the families affected say the district is targeting its most vulnerable students, noting that the closures will disproportionately affect students of color with disabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the district maintains it is currently “overinvesting” in small, under-enrolled schools like Munck, which has just 227 students. The district says it wants to create cost-saving efficiencies by consolidating many of its schools that have fewer than 400 students and reinvesting in neighborhood schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because less than 6% of Munck’s families come from the immediate area — with most, like Max’s family, driving from elsewhere in the city — it is not considered a neighborhood school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Munck closes, Max’s world will get turned upside down — again\u003cem>, \u003c/em>Pezold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The strides that he's making are going to be reversed, whether it be on toileting, whether it be on his language or some of his behavior. It's a shame, when he's doing so well,” he said. “It seems like the deck is stacked against you. You have a hard enough time trying to raise a kid with disabilities and then they throw this at you. You feel [the district] sees you as expendable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The special day classes for students like Max usually have no more than 10 children, less than half the size of a conventional elementary school classroom in the district, and require extra support staff — all of which can greatly increase a school’s operational costs. Students with significant support needs also tend to be absent more often, which lowers the per-pupil funding a school receives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A small group of children sitting in a classroom, looking at a screen with an animated video on it.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1598\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-800x499.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-1020x637.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-1536x959.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-2048x1278.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7478-1920x1199.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jolanda Murphy says her daughter, Dalaine, pictured here in a pink shirt on April 7, 2022, has been thriving in a small special day class at Carl B. Munck Elementary in Oakland for children with moderate to severe education needs. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite those factors, Munck’s principal, Denise Burroughs, has made it a policy to welcome these students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once they come across the threshold, they know we're going to take care of them and we're going to interact with them, speak to them,” said Burroughs, who has led the school for nearly 20 years. “My moderate-to-severe children, many of them are nonverbal, but I'm seeing some of them react because we react with them.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Jennifer Blake, OUSD’s executive director of special education, agrees that Munck is a good example of how schools can better integrate students with disabilities into the general school culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the district says it simply doesn’t have the dollars to sustain Munck’s small-school model, and has cited “over-investment” in its small schools as part of its justification for shuttering many of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we're talking about my dream-world scenario, we would have adequate base funding and adequate special-education funding at both the federal and state level to be able to ensure that we are able to build and foster schools that are small and highly specialized by design,” Blake said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She acknowledges the optics of the current closure plans and the pain it’s inflicting on families, but says the closures will ultimately strengthen programs in larger, neighborhood schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know there was no intention to be able to target students with disabilities exclusively,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blake says she wants to create more inclusive programs like the one at Munck, with TK-5 programs available at more schools throughout the district, so kids like Max don't have to bounce around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jolanda Murphy, whose 9-year-old daughter, Dalaine, also attends Munck, says the district’s decision to close this school seems outwardly discriminatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You're basically telling parents that do have kids with special needs that we don't care. We’d rather put the focus and the time and energy into something else,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dalaine, who is in a special day class at the school, has cerebral palsy, and is prone to seizures. When she was diagnosed as an infant, hospital staff said she would never walk or talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911747\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911747\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs.jpg\" alt=\"A middle-aged woman with glasses.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1364\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs-800x568.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs-1020x725.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Denise-Burroughs-1536x1091.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carl B. Munck Principal Denise Burroughs, in her office on April 7, 2022. She says her small school is under-enrolled in part because some white families in the Oakland hills are reluctant to send their children to a majority Black school. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“But I told them that I serve a God who is going to do bigger and better things for her,” Murphy said. By 16 months Dalaine was crawling, and by age 4 she walked into preschool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And her teacher cried, because she knew how much I wanted Dalaine to walk,\" Murphy recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Max, Dalaine is nonverbal but very expressive. Murphy says she has seen her make real progress at Munck, where she uses touch screens and flash cards to learn to count and identify letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her effort to stop the closure of her daughter’s school, Murphy recently joined the district’s Community Advisory Committee for Special Education, which sent letters to the school board, the county, the state superintendent and the governor accusing OUSD of negligent treatment of disabled students — particularly Black students, who make up 27% of students with disabilities in the district.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The ACLU also has asked California’s attorney general to investigate whether the district took racial equity into account in its closure plans, as it is required to do under the district's Reparations for Black Students resolution that the school board passed last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Unified, by its own admission, has a history of chronically underfunding historically Black schools, says Linnea Nelson, a senior staff attorney in the ACLU of Northern California’s Racial and Economic Justice Program. “It now has created the very conditions that it is now citing to justify disrupting tight-knit school communities and displacing literally hundreds of Black students,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, the district has said it remains focused on improving outcomes for underserved populations, particularly Black students, and that its closure plans are part of a broader strategy to redirect resources toward larger neighborhood schools that serve a greater number of kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Murphy believes the district is specifically targeting Munck, in part, because it wants to repurpose the property the school sits on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is prime real estate,” Murphy pointed out. “If they close the school completely, they're going to tear it down and build houses. Period. Point blank.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California law makes it hard for districts to sell off school properties, but those plots can more easily be declared surplus and leased out to private schools and charter schools, or used for teacher housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Carl B. Munck has a beautiful view of Oakland,” she said. “If you go up there, you can sit up there and just lose yourself because of the view of our beautiful city. You can see San Francisco, San Mateo just from their view of the school. It's such a beautiful campus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munck’s serene location, largely devoid of sirens or traffic sounds, is particularly ideal for students with special education needs, Murphy notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911749\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911749\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley.jpg\" alt=\"A mother puts her hands on the hips of her daughter, who stands in front of her.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/Jolanda-Murphy-and-Dalaine-Whaley-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jolanda Murphy with her daughter, Dalaine, 9, who has cerebral palsy, at their home in Oakland on April 7, 2022, during a 'sensory day,' when Dalaine is allowed to rip up paper, put things on the ground and be more 'loose' and less regulated, to calm her down after a stressful experience. Murphy says Carl B. Munck Elementary, which Dalaine currently attends, is the best place for her. Murphy is fighting the school's closure. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the predominantly white Oakland hills also is an area where discriminatory housing policies have, for nearly a century, largely denied Black families the opportunity to buy homes and attend schools here. And both Murphy and Burroughs, Munck’s principal, believe that racism remains a factor in the district’s decision-making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, over the years, I’ve actually had people say things like, ‘Well, I like the school, but I just feel like my child would be in a minority here,’ because there were so many children of African descent and color here. I’ve actually had people say that, judge the school that way,” said Burroughs, who is Black and has lived much of her life in Oakland. “It feels like you want to erase these kids from being here. That’s what it feels like to me. Because truly, if it’s just about under-enrollment, the goal would have been, ‘Let’s figure out how to increase enrollment,’ right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Murphy, she says she and other parents are not giving up in their fight to keep the school open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just feel that for my daughter, she needs to have the best,” she said. “And right now, the best is Carl Munck.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>After years of prioritizing English-only classes for students who spoke other languages at home, California now is pushing to expand bilingual programs for all students. But the state has a huge hurdle: It needs more bilingual teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In part, the low number of bilingual teachers is a legacy of Proposition 227, which voters passed in 1998 and then \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2017/a-new-era-for-bilingual-education-explaining-californias-proposition-58/574852\">repealed in 2016\u003c/a>. Proposition 227 required English learners to be taught in English-only classrooms unless their parents signed a waiver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as Prop. 227 passed, a lot of higher education programs stopped offering bilingual credentials, especially in public institutions,” said Magaly Lavadenz, professor of English learner research, and executive director of the Center for Equity for English Learners at Loyola Marymount University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, only 42 of 80 teacher preparation programs in the state offer bilingual authorizations — a specialization in addition to the general teaching credential. The number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/commission/reports/data/other-teacher-supply-bilingual-authorizations\">teachers receiving bilingual authorizations\u003c/a> in California has grown each year since 2016, but districts still struggle to find bilingual teachers, and demand is growing as more schools plan to open more bilingual programs.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Guillermo Castillo, director, Future Educator Support\"]‘We are looking for teachers in the wrong places. We’re not going to find the number of teachers that we need at universities. We need to find these folks in our communities.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1701\">Assembly Bill 1701\u003c/a>, would fund a program for California State University campuses to recruit and retain college professors for bilingual authorization programs. The CSU system issues about 45% of teaching credentials. About 49% of credentials are issued by private colleges. The University of California system provides 6%. Another bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2465\">Assembly Bill 2465\u003c/a>, would pay for preparing and credentialing 500 new bilingual teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts say the state needs not only to expand the number of programs that offer bilingual teaching authorizations, but also to encourage current teachers who teach only in English to be trained in bilingual education and to recruit new potential teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are looking for teachers in the wrong places. We’re not going to find the number of teachers that we need at universities. We need to find these folks in our communities,” said Guillermo Castillo, director of Future Educator Support, a program of the Butte County Office of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Future Educator Support helps people who already work in education, like bus drivers, cafeteria workers and teacher’s aides, to get their teaching credential and, for those who are bilingual, their bilingual authorization, with funding from the California Classified School Employee Teacher Credentialing Program.[aside postID=\"news_11907019\" label=\"Related Post\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ed’d Luna Bhagwandeen was working as a school library media specialist and thought their dream of becoming a teacher was far out of reach, when they heard of the program. After college, Bhagwandeen felt discouraged by the credentialing process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I tried to do it on my own, there were all these different tests, and hours that you had to meet. I was like, ‘How do people do this when they’re working to survive?’ It became further and further away from being feasible,” Bhagwandeen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of Future Educator Support, Bhagwandeen was able to take the classes and tests needed to get a teaching credential with a bilingual authorization from San Diego State University and is now working as a teacher on special assignment at Centralia Elementary School District, teaching children Spanish and helping organize a dual-language program that will open next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhagwandeen says the impact of bilingual education is clear: Parents say their children now attempt to speak to their grandparents when they hadn’t before. Students say, “This class has helped me. I know I’m bilingual now.” To Bhagwandeen, who has family roots in Mexico and whose grandfather was prohibited from speaking Spanish at school when growing up, this is particularly significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At a time when we’re so isolated during COVID, them finding an appreciation of themselves and feeling good about themselves is super important,” Bhagwandeen said. “I know that I’m doing the kind of work I want to be doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Offering personalized support for getting through all the requirements for a bilingual authorization is crucial, said Future Educator Support administrator Holly Harding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing they report so often is that our program feels like familia. They can reach out to us at any time of day. We meet on weekends, we meet at night, we meet early in the morning. We individualize our support to them, and they love that,” Harding said. “They feel they can be vulnerable with us. Many are English learners themselves. We help them to overcome language barriers, financial barriers, just self-doubt, no matter what it is that they are feeling is a barrier to getting their credential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many potential bilingual teachers have not even considered the possibility, said Guadalupe Díaz Lara, who teaches child and adolescent studies at CSU Fullerton. She said many of her students want to be teachers, and the vast majority are bilingual in Spanish and English, but they are not aware of the possibility of getting a bilingual credential or working in bilingual education. Díaz Lara believes that is partly because they attended English-only programs themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They acknowledge the impact of having those experiences in school where their home language wasn’t valued,” Díaz Lara said. “They are definitely passionate about working with minority families. A lot of them want to go back to their communities and give back to their communities, but they don’t know that bilingual education is an option for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was the case for Alejandra Silva, another graduate of the Future Educator Support program, who received her credential from San Diego State and now teaches in a dual-language program at Escondido Union School District. She was finishing her bachelor’s degree and working as a school speech therapist aide when she found out about the classified employee grant program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wanted to be a teacher, but I hadn’t really considered being a bilingual teacher. I know Spanish, but I didn’t really consider it as an asset or a tool. I just knew that bilingual education had kind of fallen off but didn’t really look into why or realize that it was coming back,” Silva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lavadenz, of Loyola Marymount University, said schools should begin encouraging students to become bilingual teachers, beginning before they graduate from high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to make teaching overall a desirable, important and valuable career. We need to do more promotion of that in K-12 and in the public sector,” Lavadenz said. “We need a tune-up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, many teachers who currently teach in English are in fact bilingual and could receive a bilingual authorization with the right support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ps/btpdpgrants.asp\">Bilingual Teacher Professional Development Program\u003c/a>, which began in 2018 and \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/why-training-california-bilingual-teachers-just-got-harder/656558\">ended in 2021,\u003c/a> helped prepare about 350 teachers for bilingual credentials, according to the California Department of Education. Since the program ended, some school districts, particularly smaller ones, have been struggling to prepare more teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re still being asked by our districts, especially those that are building up their bilingual programs, ‘Can you help us?’” said Martha Martinez, director of research and evaluation at SEAL, a nonprofit organization that provides training and assistance to elementary schools and preschools across the state to help them implement strong bilingual programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some school districts have partnered with colleges themselves to set up residency programs where students work in classrooms as student teachers for a full year, while they get their credential. One such district is Oak Grove School District in San José, which has partnered with San José State University. Both student-teachers and the teachers working with them take classes with SEAL on best practices for bilingual education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mentor teachers are expressing they’re learning so much going through the courses themselves. The student-teachers are expressing they’re so prepared to step into the classroom,” said Jennifer Diehl, director of innovation and strategic design at SEAL.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "California Struggles to Recruit Bilingual Teachers As Demand Grows | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After years of prioritizing English-only classes for students who spoke other languages at home, California now is pushing to expand bilingual programs for all students. But the state has a huge hurdle: It needs more bilingual teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In part, the low number of bilingual teachers is a legacy of Proposition 227, which voters passed in 1998 and then \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2017/a-new-era-for-bilingual-education-explaining-californias-proposition-58/574852\">repealed in 2016\u003c/a>. Proposition 227 required English learners to be taught in English-only classrooms unless their parents signed a waiver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as Prop. 227 passed, a lot of higher education programs stopped offering bilingual credentials, especially in public institutions,” said Magaly Lavadenz, professor of English learner research, and executive director of the Center for Equity for English Learners at Loyola Marymount University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, only 42 of 80 teacher preparation programs in the state offer bilingual authorizations — a specialization in addition to the general teaching credential. The number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/commission/reports/data/other-teacher-supply-bilingual-authorizations\">teachers receiving bilingual authorizations\u003c/a> in California has grown each year since 2016, but districts still struggle to find bilingual teachers, and demand is growing as more schools plan to open more bilingual programs.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We are looking for teachers in the wrong places. We’re not going to find the number of teachers that we need at universities. We need to find these folks in our communities.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1701\">Assembly Bill 1701\u003c/a>, would fund a program for California State University campuses to recruit and retain college professors for bilingual authorization programs. The CSU system issues about 45% of teaching credentials. About 49% of credentials are issued by private colleges. The University of California system provides 6%. Another bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2465\">Assembly Bill 2465\u003c/a>, would pay for preparing and credentialing 500 new bilingual teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts say the state needs not only to expand the number of programs that offer bilingual teaching authorizations, but also to encourage current teachers who teach only in English to be trained in bilingual education and to recruit new potential teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are looking for teachers in the wrong places. We’re not going to find the number of teachers that we need at universities. We need to find these folks in our communities,” said Guillermo Castillo, director of Future Educator Support, a program of the Butte County Office of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Future Educator Support helps people who already work in education, like bus drivers, cafeteria workers and teacher’s aides, to get their teaching credential and, for those who are bilingual, their bilingual authorization, with funding from the California Classified School Employee Teacher Credentialing Program.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ed’d Luna Bhagwandeen was working as a school library media specialist and thought their dream of becoming a teacher was far out of reach, when they heard of the program. After college, Bhagwandeen felt discouraged by the credentialing process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I tried to do it on my own, there were all these different tests, and hours that you had to meet. I was like, ‘How do people do this when they’re working to survive?’ It became further and further away from being feasible,” Bhagwandeen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of Future Educator Support, Bhagwandeen was able to take the classes and tests needed to get a teaching credential with a bilingual authorization from San Diego State University and is now working as a teacher on special assignment at Centralia Elementary School District, teaching children Spanish and helping organize a dual-language program that will open next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhagwandeen says the impact of bilingual education is clear: Parents say their children now attempt to speak to their grandparents when they hadn’t before. Students say, “This class has helped me. I know I’m bilingual now.” To Bhagwandeen, who has family roots in Mexico and whose grandfather was prohibited from speaking Spanish at school when growing up, this is particularly significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At a time when we’re so isolated during COVID, them finding an appreciation of themselves and feeling good about themselves is super important,” Bhagwandeen said. “I know that I’m doing the kind of work I want to be doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Offering personalized support for getting through all the requirements for a bilingual authorization is crucial, said Future Educator Support administrator Holly Harding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing they report so often is that our program feels like familia. They can reach out to us at any time of day. We meet on weekends, we meet at night, we meet early in the morning. We individualize our support to them, and they love that,” Harding said. “They feel they can be vulnerable with us. Many are English learners themselves. We help them to overcome language barriers, financial barriers, just self-doubt, no matter what it is that they are feeling is a barrier to getting their credential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many potential bilingual teachers have not even considered the possibility, said Guadalupe Díaz Lara, who teaches child and adolescent studies at CSU Fullerton. She said many of her students want to be teachers, and the vast majority are bilingual in Spanish and English, but they are not aware of the possibility of getting a bilingual credential or working in bilingual education. Díaz Lara believes that is partly because they attended English-only programs themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They acknowledge the impact of having those experiences in school where their home language wasn’t valued,” Díaz Lara said. “They are definitely passionate about working with minority families. A lot of them want to go back to their communities and give back to their communities, but they don’t know that bilingual education is an option for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was the case for Alejandra Silva, another graduate of the Future Educator Support program, who received her credential from San Diego State and now teaches in a dual-language program at Escondido Union School District. She was finishing her bachelor’s degree and working as a school speech therapist aide when she found out about the classified employee grant program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wanted to be a teacher, but I hadn’t really considered being a bilingual teacher. I know Spanish, but I didn’t really consider it as an asset or a tool. I just knew that bilingual education had kind of fallen off but didn’t really look into why or realize that it was coming back,” Silva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lavadenz, of Loyola Marymount University, said schools should begin encouraging students to become bilingual teachers, beginning before they graduate from high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to make teaching overall a desirable, important and valuable career. We need to do more promotion of that in K-12 and in the public sector,” Lavadenz said. “We need a tune-up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, many teachers who currently teach in English are in fact bilingual and could receive a bilingual authorization with the right support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ps/btpdpgrants.asp\">Bilingual Teacher Professional Development Program\u003c/a>, which began in 2018 and \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/why-training-california-bilingual-teachers-just-got-harder/656558\">ended in 2021,\u003c/a> helped prepare about 350 teachers for bilingual credentials, according to the California Department of Education. Since the program ended, some school districts, particularly smaller ones, have been struggling to prepare more teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re still being asked by our districts, especially those that are building up their bilingual programs, ‘Can you help us?’” said Martha Martinez, director of research and evaluation at SEAL, a nonprofit organization that provides training and assistance to elementary schools and preschools across the state to help them implement strong bilingual programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some school districts have partnered with colleges themselves to set up residency programs where students work in classrooms as student teachers for a full year, while they get their credential. One such district is Oak Grove School District in San José, which has partnered with San José State University. Both student-teachers and the teachers working with them take classes with SEAL on best practices for bilingual education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mentor teachers are expressing they’re learning so much going through the courses themselves. The student-teachers are expressing they’re so prepared to step into the classroom,” said Jennifer Diehl, director of innovation and strategic design at SEAL.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education says it will retroactively help millions of federal student loan borrowers who have been hurt and held back by its troubled income-driven repayment (IDR) plans, calling the plans’ longstanding flaws and mismanagement “inexcusable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s announcement comes after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nclc.org/images/pdf/student_loans/IB_IDR.pdf\">years of complaints\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-sues-nations-largest-student-loan-company-navient-failing-borrowers-every-stage-repayment/\">lawsuits\u003c/a> and, most recently, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">an NPR investigation\u003c/a> that revealed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">these IDR plans, which promise affordable monthly payments as low as $0 and loan forgiveness after 20-25 years, have been badly mismanaged\u003c/a> by the department and the loan servicing companies it employs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, the Department of Education will begin to remedy years of administrative failures that effectively denied the promise of loan forgiveness to certain borrowers enrolled in IDR plans,” U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said in a statement.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID=\"news_11910436,news_11910169\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department estimates that the changes will result in immediate debt cancellation for at least 40,000 borrowers who will now qualify for Public Service Loan Forgiveness. In addition, several thousand borrowers will now qualify for debt cancellation under IDR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nclc.org/images/pdf/student_loans/IB_IDR.pdf\">This follows a 2021 revelation\u003c/a> that, at the time, 4.4 million borrowers had been repaying their loans for at least 20 years but only 32 had had debts canceled under IDR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result of Tuesday’s news, millions more borrowers will also receive months and, in some cases, years of new credit toward eventual cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what the department is committing to do:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Borrowers with long-term forbearances will get credit toward debt cancellation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The department and its office of Federal Student Aid (FSA) pledge to conduct a “one-time account adjustment” to give borrowers credit for time spent in what it considers unjustifiably long forbearances: more than 12 consecutive months or more than 36 cumulative months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forbearance allows borrowers in financial trouble to pause their payments, but interest continues to accrue and capitalize, meaning the interest itself ends up accruing interest. Income-driven repayment plans can offer the same, or nearly the same, reprieve from high monthly payments, and, unlike forbearance, they give borrowers a path toward loan cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After July 2009 when IDR plans became widely available, forbearance should have been loan servicers’ tool of last resort for distressed borrowers. Instead, the department says, a new review found that servicers’ use of long-term forbearance was “remarkably widespread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the department, between July 2009 and March 2020, more than 13% of all Direct Loan borrowers were in forbearance for at least 36 months, suggesting “loan servicers placed borrowers into forbearance in violation of Department rules, even when their monthly payment under an IDR plan could have been as low as zero dollars.” \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/lower-payments/get-temporary-relief/forbearance\">The department generally limits forbearance to 12 consecutive months or three years total\u003c/a>, after which payments should resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department’s remedy means that borrowers will be given credit toward loan cancellation for some of these long-term forbearances. For example, a borrower who spent 16 consecutive months in forbearance would be given credit for 16 qualifying payments toward cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department estimates that 3.6 million borrowers will receive at least three years of new credit toward cancellation. Many more borrowers will benefit but receive less than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan excludes one prominent group of borrowers: those who spent less than 12 consecutive months and less than 36 cumulative months in forbearance, though it does promise an “account review” for those who choose to file a complaint with FSA’s ombudsman.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Inaccuracies in how qualifying payments were counted will be corrected\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">NPR reporting earlier this month revealed pervasive inaccuracies\u003c/a> in loan servicers’ counts of borrowers’ qualifying IDR payments, which the department now acknowledges and pledges to address with a one-time revision of past payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any months in which borrowers made payments will count toward IDR, regardless of repayment plan,” the department’s release says. “Payments made prior to consolidation on consolidated loans will also count. This fix is necessary to correct for data problems and past implementation inaccuracies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After acquiring internal department documents, NPR found a litany of irregularities in how loan servicers were counting — or failing to count — qualifying IDR payments, thereby delaying borrowers’ progress toward forgiveness. For example, $0 monthly payments were not being adequately tracked, potentially hurting the lowest-income borrowers. Also, borrowers appeared to erroneously lose credit for previous progress made toward IDR after emerging from default.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Improving the way borrowers’ progress toward loan cancellation gets tracked\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The department is offering two remedies for another serious problem highlighted in NPR’s recent investigation — that loan servicers weren’t uniformly tracking borrowers’ progress toward loan cancellation, and some weren’t tracking their progress \u003cem>at all\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FSA now says it will issue new guidance to servicers to make sure the companies’ records are accurate and uniform. Perhaps more importantly, the department says in 2023 it will begin tracking IDR payments on its own system and displaying borrowers’ progress at StudentAid.gov.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>These changes will happen automatically — but it may take awhile\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The department says it will make these adjustments to borrower records automatically, but first it will need to upgrade its antiquated National Student Loan Data System (NSLDS). As such, loan cancellations won’t officially begin until fall of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The overhaul comes amid mounting political pressure\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The department unveiled its overhaul plans amid mounting pressure from lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, citing NPR’s reporting, the chairs of both House and Senate education committees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.help.senate.gov/chair/newsroom/press/murray-scott-push-biden-administration-to-fix-longstanding-failures-with-income-driven-student-loan-repayment-system\">Rep. Bobby Scott, D-Va., and Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash., urged Education Secretary Miguel Cardona in a letter to “provide immediate relief and undo past harms.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Borrowers have for too long, lived with ballooning debts and the false promise of loan forgiveness after 20 or 25 years in income-driven repayment,” the letter said. “Payments must be corrected retroactively in order to provide relief to borrowers who have already been harmed by this broken safety net.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the department’s proposal addresses some of Scott’s and Murray’s demands, it falls short in at least one area. The top Democrats implored the department to retroactively give borrowers credit toward loan cancellation for \u003cem>all\u003c/em> past periods of forbearance, not just long-term pauses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Scott said “today’s announcement means that borrowers in Income-Driven Repayment will finally have reliable access to the loan forgiveness that they were promised and have been working toward… However, while the Department has taken a significant step to support borrowers, we know we must do more to fix our broken student loan system, including the Income-Driven Repayment program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, leading Senate Democrats, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/14/1092804056/student-loan-debt-investigation-response\">Sen. Sherrod Brown of Ohio, Sen. Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts and Sen. Dick Durbin of Illinois, also sent a letter to Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Director Rohit Chopra\u003c/a>, calling for his agency to investigate and “use all of its authorities to ensure borrowers are accessing IDR program benefits and receive the student loan forgiveness they have earned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department’s announcement also comes not long before the U.S. Government Accountability Office is expected to release the results of its own investigation into IDR’s failures.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR is committed to reporting on pressing issues that matter to you, like student loans. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/ed\">\u003cem>Sign up for our Education newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> to stay up to date. You can support NPR’s trusted, vital coverage by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/donations/support\">\u003cem>donating to your local NPR station today\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Student+loan+borrowers+will+get+help+after+an+NPR+report+and+years+of+complaints&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education says it will retroactively help millions of federal student loan borrowers who have been hurt and held back by its troubled income-driven repayment (IDR) plans, calling the plans’ longstanding flaws and mismanagement “inexcusable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s announcement comes after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nclc.org/images/pdf/student_loans/IB_IDR.pdf\">years of complaints\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-sues-nations-largest-student-loan-company-navient-failing-borrowers-every-stage-repayment/\">lawsuits\u003c/a> and, most recently, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">an NPR investigation\u003c/a> that revealed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">these IDR plans, which promise affordable monthly payments as low as $0 and loan forgiveness after 20-25 years, have been badly mismanaged\u003c/a> by the department and the loan servicing companies it employs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, the Department of Education will begin to remedy years of administrative failures that effectively denied the promise of loan forgiveness to certain borrowers enrolled in IDR plans,” U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said in a statement.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department estimates that the changes will result in immediate debt cancellation for at least 40,000 borrowers who will now qualify for Public Service Loan Forgiveness. In addition, several thousand borrowers will now qualify for debt cancellation under IDR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nclc.org/images/pdf/student_loans/IB_IDR.pdf\">This follows a 2021 revelation\u003c/a> that, at the time, 4.4 million borrowers had been repaying their loans for at least 20 years but only 32 had had debts canceled under IDR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result of Tuesday’s news, millions more borrowers will also receive months and, in some cases, years of new credit toward eventual cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what the department is committing to do:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Borrowers with long-term forbearances will get credit toward debt cancellation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The department and its office of Federal Student Aid (FSA) pledge to conduct a “one-time account adjustment” to give borrowers credit for time spent in what it considers unjustifiably long forbearances: more than 12 consecutive months or more than 36 cumulative months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forbearance allows borrowers in financial trouble to pause their payments, but interest continues to accrue and capitalize, meaning the interest itself ends up accruing interest. Income-driven repayment plans can offer the same, or nearly the same, reprieve from high monthly payments, and, unlike forbearance, they give borrowers a path toward loan cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After July 2009 when IDR plans became widely available, forbearance should have been loan servicers’ tool of last resort for distressed borrowers. Instead, the department says, a new review found that servicers’ use of long-term forbearance was “remarkably widespread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the department, between July 2009 and March 2020, more than 13% of all Direct Loan borrowers were in forbearance for at least 36 months, suggesting “loan servicers placed borrowers into forbearance in violation of Department rules, even when their monthly payment under an IDR plan could have been as low as zero dollars.” \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/lower-payments/get-temporary-relief/forbearance\">The department generally limits forbearance to 12 consecutive months or three years total\u003c/a>, after which payments should resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department’s remedy means that borrowers will be given credit toward loan cancellation for some of these long-term forbearances. For example, a borrower who spent 16 consecutive months in forbearance would be given credit for 16 qualifying payments toward cancellation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department estimates that 3.6 million borrowers will receive at least three years of new credit toward cancellation. Many more borrowers will benefit but receive less than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan excludes one prominent group of borrowers: those who spent less than 12 consecutive months and less than 36 cumulative months in forbearance, though it does promise an “account review” for those who choose to file a complaint with FSA’s ombudsman.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Inaccuracies in how qualifying payments were counted will be corrected\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">NPR reporting earlier this month revealed pervasive inaccuracies\u003c/a> in loan servicers’ counts of borrowers’ qualifying IDR payments, which the department now acknowledges and pledges to address with a one-time revision of past payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any months in which borrowers made payments will count toward IDR, regardless of repayment plan,” the department’s release says. “Payments made prior to consolidation on consolidated loans will also count. This fix is necessary to correct for data problems and past implementation inaccuracies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After acquiring internal department documents, NPR found a litany of irregularities in how loan servicers were counting — or failing to count — qualifying IDR payments, thereby delaying borrowers’ progress toward forgiveness. For example, $0 monthly payments were not being adequately tracked, potentially hurting the lowest-income borrowers. Also, borrowers appeared to erroneously lose credit for previous progress made toward IDR after emerging from default.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Improving the way borrowers’ progress toward loan cancellation gets tracked\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The department is offering two remedies for another serious problem highlighted in NPR’s recent investigation — that loan servicers weren’t uniformly tracking borrowers’ progress toward loan cancellation, and some weren’t tracking their progress \u003cem>at all\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FSA now says it will issue new guidance to servicers to make sure the companies’ records are accurate and uniform. Perhaps more importantly, the department says in 2023 it will begin tracking IDR payments on its own system and displaying borrowers’ progress at StudentAid.gov.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>These changes will happen automatically — but it may take awhile\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The department says it will make these adjustments to borrower records automatically, but first it will need to upgrade its antiquated National Student Loan Data System (NSLDS). As such, loan cancellations won’t officially begin until fall of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The overhaul comes amid mounting political pressure\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The department unveiled its overhaul plans amid mounting pressure from lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, citing NPR’s reporting, the chairs of both House and Senate education committees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.help.senate.gov/chair/newsroom/press/murray-scott-push-biden-administration-to-fix-longstanding-failures-with-income-driven-student-loan-repayment-system\">Rep. Bobby Scott, D-Va., and Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash., urged Education Secretary Miguel Cardona in a letter to “provide immediate relief and undo past harms.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Borrowers have for too long, lived with ballooning debts and the false promise of loan forgiveness after 20 or 25 years in income-driven repayment,” the letter said. “Payments must be corrected retroactively in order to provide relief to borrowers who have already been harmed by this broken safety net.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the department’s proposal addresses some of Scott’s and Murray’s demands, it falls short in at least one area. The top Democrats implored the department to retroactively give borrowers credit toward loan cancellation for \u003cem>all\u003c/em> past periods of forbearance, not just long-term pauses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Scott said “today’s announcement means that borrowers in Income-Driven Repayment will finally have reliable access to the loan forgiveness that they were promised and have been working toward… However, while the Department has taken a significant step to support borrowers, we know we must do more to fix our broken student loan system, including the Income-Driven Repayment program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, leading Senate Democrats, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/14/1092804056/student-loan-debt-investigation-response\">Sen. Sherrod Brown of Ohio, Sen. Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts and Sen. Dick Durbin of Illinois, also sent a letter to Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Director Rohit Chopra\u003c/a>, calling for his agency to investigate and “use all of its authorities to ensure borrowers are accessing IDR program benefits and receive the student loan forgiveness they have earned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department’s announcement also comes not long before the U.S. Government Accountability Office is expected to release the results of its own investigation into IDR’s failures.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR is committed to reporting on pressing issues that matter to you, like student loans. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/ed\">\u003cem>Sign up for our Education newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> to stay up to date. You can support NPR’s trusted, vital coverage by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/donations/support\">\u003cem>donating to your local NPR station today\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Student+loan+borrowers+will+get+help+after+an+NPR+report+and+years+of+complaints&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "A Small Town in Kern County Might Turn Its Library Into a Police Station",
"title": "A Small Town in Kern County Might Turn Its Library Into a Police Station",
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"content": "\u003cp>The fate of McFarland’s community library has become a hot topic of conversation in the small, agricultural town of over 14,000 just off Highway 99 in northern Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"5\">City leaders have rallied around a proposal to acquire the Clara M. Jackson branch and convert it into a revamped headquarters for its police department. The city council, the local district superintendent and McFarland’s Recreation and Park District director recently penned letters to the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"6\">“With even a cursory review of the police department’s facility, it becomes glaringly obvious that the Department’s lack of space hinders them from efficiently and effectively carrying out their law enforcement duties,” wrote Aaron Resendez, superintendent of the McFarland Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"7\">The city council cited “minimal objection” from the public in its letter, but since word spread about the proposal, it has faced stronger opposition, including an \u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/save-the-mcfarland-library\" data-reader-unique-id=\"8\">online petition\u003c/a> that’s amassed more than 1,500 signatures. Some of the biggest proponents of keeping the library where it is are young patrons themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Elias Ahumada, local resident\"]'Rewarding a police department, with a long history of corruption, with the city's only public library is disgraceful and negligent.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"9\">“Our memories are here,” said Jazmine Ciciliano, 12. “We grew up in this place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"10\">“We want it to stay a library forever,” said Yazmine Olivera, 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"11\">“I get it, we need more safety, but this library is basically safety to us,” said Nicole Franco, 10. “It just feels like home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"12\">When school lets out, students walk to the library, and many spend their afternoons there until the library closes at 6 p.m. They worry about what will happen after school if the library disappears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"13\">“It will ruin friendships,” said Ruben Abundis, 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"14\">“What am I supposed to do, jump on my bed?” asked Natalie Lara, 9.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"15\">Money is the key factor in how many hours a library location is open, and Kern County has the worst-funded county library system in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"16\">Kern County is about the size of New Jersey but has more people than San Francisco. It also has more than twice as many children, according to census figures. In rural areas like McFarland, the rates of children are higher: Here, 41.9% of residents are under 18.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"17\">Within its 8,131 square miles, Kern County has 22 libraries with an operating budget of $9 million this year. By contrast, San Francisco has 28 locations within its 47 square miles with a budget of $171 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"18\">Currently, every branch in San Francisco is open five to seven days a week, but in Kern County, most branches are open two or three days a week. The central Bakersfield library is the only branch open five days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"19\">The discrepancy in funding among library systems is a consequence of the fact that California’s 1,130 public libraries are funded almost entirely locally. Last year, local governments provided 94% of California public libraries’ $1.84 billion. Federal and state contributions typically come in the form of grants for targeted programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"20\">On a Friday afternoon, the McFarland library is bustling. Branch supervisor Frank Cervantes shows patrons how to make jester hats. Children wander the stacks. Young patrons pepper the reference desk with questions. Two boys get help to find a copy of “Sideways Stories from Wayside School.” Toddlers play in a kitchen set. The computers are full. A young girl receives tutoring at a back table. As the arts and crafts program winds down, Cervantes announces that it’s story time, and patrons gather to listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"21\">“I’m getting mixed feelings from everybody,” said Kenny Williams, who serves as the city’s police chief as well as its city manager. “It’s something close to people’s heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"22\">But, Williams said, the police department’s current facilities at City Hall need to be modernized for a growing city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"23\">He rattles off a list of problems: The officer workspace is cramped, there’s no meeting space, there’s one locker room for both sexes, four sergeants share one office, paper-thin walls require the chief to use a sound machine to preserve confidentiality, parking for both staff as well as cars seized as evidence is inadequate, and property is increasingly stored in trailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"24\">“It’s a terrible way to operate,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"25\">Williams said the city has enough money to acquire and complete the modifications on an existing building but not to build a headquarters from scratch. \u003ca href=\"https://www.mcfarlandcity.org/DocumentCenter/View/2476/City-of-McFarland-Annual-Operating-Budget-FY-2021-2022\">McFarland’s most recent budget\u003c/a> indicates it has $2 million set aside from a bond measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"27\">Williams was sworn in as police chief last year, and he later began serving as city manager as well. He said the city council has charged him with bringing stability and accountability to the city. McFarland has been wracked with a steady stream of scandal and financial struggle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"28\">In 2009, the city reestablished its police department, but low salaries and lax screening turned the department into a haven for \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/11/11/how-did-this-california-police-department-hire-so-many-officers-with-troubling-pasts/\">officers and even chiefs with their own serious misconduct records\u003c/a>, according to a report from UC Berkeley’s Investigative Reporting Program. In 2011, residents marched on City Hall to complain about a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/jose-gaspar-maricopa-and-mcfarland-face-city-problems/article_d8e8cb11-d975-5de1-aef8-00c005ecedd8.html\" data-reader-unique-id=\"30\">towing contract\u003c/a> that incentivized the city and police to stop residents for minor infractions. A suit settled in 2017 claimed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/columnists/jose-gaspar/jose-gaspar-mcfarland-cops-claim-obstruction-of-justice-retaliation-for-speaking-out/article_9262d107-b09b-58ea-9418-2b594a68c546.html\">city leaders quashed a search warrant on behalf of a city councilmember’s son\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"32\">In 2019, then-City Manager John Wooner went missing for months before his body was found in a Dodge Durango at the bottom of the Kern River. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/delano-record/bpd-report-deceased-mcfarland-city-manager-was-facing-various-pressures-when-he-went-missing/article_b9133ab6-cdd4-11e9-8966-efc9aefdde4a.html\">investigation suggested\u003c/a> that before his disappearance, Wooner was distraught over a $180,000 shortfall in the city budget. In 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/arvin-police-chief-pleads-no-contest-to-misdemeanor-resigns-from-department/article_83fd97c0-5a67-11ea-87e2-3330218cf80c.html\">a former police chief pleaded no contest\u003c/a> to charges involving padding the paychecks of police officers performing renovation work on his home; a police investigation found that Wooner knew about the misappropriation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"35\">Locals haven’t forgotten this history, and there’s skepticism about new leadership. The petition to save the library, started by resident Elias Ahumada, states, “Rewarding a police department, with a long history of corruption, with the city’s only public library is disgraceful and negligent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"36\">Ahumada grew up in Wasco and Delano, communities on either side of McFarland. They are home to the Wasco State Prison, North Kern State Prison and Kern Valley State Prison. In 2020, a U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention facility opened in McFarland — the deal with the private contractors brings revenue into the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"37\">“We have a lot of money that we pour into prisons. We have prisons and police departments,” Ahumada said. “What we lack is educational and community resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"38\">Williams said the council has instructed him to consider alternatives. All the initial suggestions assumed the library would move. Williams pointed to the schools, which have their own libraries. He said there might be some room in the building’s current meeting room for the library. Council members floated the idea of using a bookmobile or seeking private funds to build another library. A community member suggested setting up a computer lab for adults. But at a city council meeting last week, Williams said he is looking into other options, “not just an elimination of that library.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"39\">Phil Corr, president of Friends of the McFarland Library, believes these vague promises to seek alternatives are inadequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"40\">“I really think the library is being viewed as an afterthought,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"41\">Schools won’t allow just any adult to come onto campus to visit the library, Corr said. School libraries typically aren’t open for students late after school, during breaks and in the summer. And Natalie, 9, has one big complaint about her school library: She’s only allowed to check out two books at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"42\">Kern County Library spokesperson Jasmin LoBasso said the idea of libraries as a mere book depository is a nostalgic one. Libraries are also a place to find multiple perspectives and verify facts in an era of information overload. Patrons come into libraries with basic questions or big ones, like how to find a new job, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"43\">“It’s important that we have a library there,” LoBasso said. “At this point in time, we don’t have plans to depart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"44\">But one of the main arguments for acquiring the library is that the building is hardly used. The McFarland branch is currently open only Thursdays and Fridays from 11 a.m. to 6 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"45\">“It’s only used twice a week, and we would use it 24/7,” Williams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"46\">Some young patrons have their own solution to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"47\">“Open it every day,” Natalie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pandemic threw a wrench into operating hours for many libraries. But two or three days have been standard in rural areas like McFarland for over a decade, according to LoBasso, except for a few years when there was extra funding to open them an extra day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"123\">When Shafter, a small rural town about 20 miles southwest of McFarland, launched a program called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.shafterlearning.com/education-partnership\" data-reader-unique-id=\"124\">Education Partnership\u003c/a> in 2010, the city paid to extend public library hours an extra day each week as it rolled out tutoring and college prep programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"125\">David Franz, director of Education Partnership, said the city has been able to dedicate 5% of its budget to the program this year because Shafter is in a better financial position than most small cities in the valley. It has not had to make a hard decision between public safety and education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"126\">But Franz also discovered an unfortunate truth in his work with Shafter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"127\">“Our libraries are horrifically underfunded,” said Franz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"130\">In Kern County, local government contributed $6.17 per person for library services for the 2020-21 year, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.library.ca.gov/services/to-libraries/statistics/#tools-and-data-for-and-about-california-public-libraries\" data-reader-unique-id=\"131\">survey of California public libraries\u003c/a>. That put it just behind Imperial, Del Norte, Madera and Yuba counties, all of which received less than $10 per person, according to the same survey. The library systems of Marin, San Mateo, Santa Clara and Alpine counties, on the other hand, received over $100 per person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"132\">Many counties and municipalities have special funding mechanisms for community libraries. In 1994, San Francisco voted in favor of a property tax to fund its libraries. In 1998, Fresno County voted in favor of a one-eighth-cent sales tax, which has helped to ensure libraries have $33 million to operate this year — and that doesn’t include $25.2 million in capital funding for new libraries in Clovis and Reedley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"133\">The Kern County Library has no dedicated fund through property or sales taxes and is almost entirely reliant on the county’s general fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"134\">“That’s one of the biggest differences between Kern County and other library systems,” said LoBasso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"135\">Libraries must jockey for priority against other county departments. In 2016, then-Kern County District Attorney Lisa Green argued against across-the-board cuts at a Board of Supervisors meeting. She said public safety funding for deputies and prosecutors should be spared even “if that means closing every library in this county.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"136\">Kern County had the opportunity to change this in 2016. A ballot measure would have raised funds for the library with a one-eighth-cent sales tax measure, modeled on Fresno’s. It was launched after a failed effort by the Board of Supervisors to privatize the library system. But \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/truthaboutmeasuref/\">the measure faced opposition\u003c/a> from local taxpayer groups, Republicans and Kern County Supervisor David Couch, whose district now includes McFarland. It failed to meet the necessary two-thirds threshold with 51.68% of the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"138\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/kern-county-libraries-to-get-reprieve-under-new-budget-adjustment/article_1831517c-bfe7-11ea-974d-67612e4c6f8c.html\">Kern County’s budget, and therefore its library, was uncertain in 2020-21.\u003c/a> Residents in Shafter received word that their library would not be on the list of branches to reopen after the pandemic, and they worried it could be shuttered entirely. That spurred a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/shafter-residents-on-a-mission-to-save-the-shafter-library/article_0f8c4ec6-d36c-11ea-8da1-cf8e18f43dac.html\" data-reader-unique-id=\"140\">“Save the Shafter Library” movement\u003c/a>, which resulted in the city’s library seceding from the county library system entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"141\">In January, the Shafter Library and Learning Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/we-wont-take-no-for-an-answer-shafter-library-reopens-with-high-hopes/article_28401662-78b8-11ec-83ac-f31249d1df6f.html\" data-reader-unique-id=\"142\">reopened as an independent library\u003c/a> thanks to the city and Bakersfield College, which now provide staffing. It is now open five days a week from 8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. — more than any other library in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"143\">Franz, of Education Partnership, said libraries are good investments for communities. The number of books children have access to at home is correlated with educational achievement, income and the likelihood of participating in crime. But there are intangible benefits for the community that can’t be measured, and the city has tried to support that, too, with a community mural. He said there’s been a real hunger for a community library in Shafter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"144\">“There’s a community spirit that grows up around the library,” Franz said. “There’s a joy around this public space that is fun and welcoming to families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The fate of McFarland’s community library has become a hot topic of conversation in the small, agricultural town of over 14,000 just off Highway 99 in northern Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"5\">City leaders have rallied around a proposal to acquire the Clara M. Jackson branch and convert it into a revamped headquarters for its police department. The city council, the local district superintendent and McFarland’s Recreation and Park District director recently penned letters to the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"6\">“With even a cursory review of the police department’s facility, it becomes glaringly obvious that the Department’s lack of space hinders them from efficiently and effectively carrying out their law enforcement duties,” wrote Aaron Resendez, superintendent of the McFarland Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"7\">The city council cited “minimal objection” from the public in its letter, but since word spread about the proposal, it has faced stronger opposition, including an \u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/save-the-mcfarland-library\" data-reader-unique-id=\"8\">online petition\u003c/a> that’s amassed more than 1,500 signatures. Some of the biggest proponents of keeping the library where it is are young patrons themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"9\">“Our memories are here,” said Jazmine Ciciliano, 12. “We grew up in this place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"10\">“We want it to stay a library forever,” said Yazmine Olivera, 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"11\">“I get it, we need more safety, but this library is basically safety to us,” said Nicole Franco, 10. “It just feels like home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"12\">When school lets out, students walk to the library, and many spend their afternoons there until the library closes at 6 p.m. They worry about what will happen after school if the library disappears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"13\">“It will ruin friendships,” said Ruben Abundis, 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"14\">“What am I supposed to do, jump on my bed?” asked Natalie Lara, 9.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"15\">Money is the key factor in how many hours a library location is open, and Kern County has the worst-funded county library system in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"16\">Kern County is about the size of New Jersey but has more people than San Francisco. It also has more than twice as many children, according to census figures. In rural areas like McFarland, the rates of children are higher: Here, 41.9% of residents are under 18.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"17\">Within its 8,131 square miles, Kern County has 22 libraries with an operating budget of $9 million this year. By contrast, San Francisco has 28 locations within its 47 square miles with a budget of $171 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"18\">Currently, every branch in San Francisco is open five to seven days a week, but in Kern County, most branches are open two or three days a week. The central Bakersfield library is the only branch open five days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"19\">The discrepancy in funding among library systems is a consequence of the fact that California’s 1,130 public libraries are funded almost entirely locally. Last year, local governments provided 94% of California public libraries’ $1.84 billion. Federal and state contributions typically come in the form of grants for targeted programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"20\">On a Friday afternoon, the McFarland library is bustling. Branch supervisor Frank Cervantes shows patrons how to make jester hats. Children wander the stacks. Young patrons pepper the reference desk with questions. Two boys get help to find a copy of “Sideways Stories from Wayside School.” Toddlers play in a kitchen set. The computers are full. A young girl receives tutoring at a back table. As the arts and crafts program winds down, Cervantes announces that it’s story time, and patrons gather to listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"21\">“I’m getting mixed feelings from everybody,” said Kenny Williams, who serves as the city’s police chief as well as its city manager. “It’s something close to people’s heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"22\">But, Williams said, the police department’s current facilities at City Hall need to be modernized for a growing city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"23\">He rattles off a list of problems: The officer workspace is cramped, there’s no meeting space, there’s one locker room for both sexes, four sergeants share one office, paper-thin walls require the chief to use a sound machine to preserve confidentiality, parking for both staff as well as cars seized as evidence is inadequate, and property is increasingly stored in trailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"24\">“It’s a terrible way to operate,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"25\">Williams said the city has enough money to acquire and complete the modifications on an existing building but not to build a headquarters from scratch. \u003ca href=\"https://www.mcfarlandcity.org/DocumentCenter/View/2476/City-of-McFarland-Annual-Operating-Budget-FY-2021-2022\">McFarland’s most recent budget\u003c/a> indicates it has $2 million set aside from a bond measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"27\">Williams was sworn in as police chief last year, and he later began serving as city manager as well. He said the city council has charged him with bringing stability and accountability to the city. McFarland has been wracked with a steady stream of scandal and financial struggle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"28\">In 2009, the city reestablished its police department, but low salaries and lax screening turned the department into a haven for \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/11/11/how-did-this-california-police-department-hire-so-many-officers-with-troubling-pasts/\">officers and even chiefs with their own serious misconduct records\u003c/a>, according to a report from UC Berkeley’s Investigative Reporting Program. In 2011, residents marched on City Hall to complain about a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/jose-gaspar-maricopa-and-mcfarland-face-city-problems/article_d8e8cb11-d975-5de1-aef8-00c005ecedd8.html\" data-reader-unique-id=\"30\">towing contract\u003c/a> that incentivized the city and police to stop residents for minor infractions. A suit settled in 2017 claimed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/columnists/jose-gaspar/jose-gaspar-mcfarland-cops-claim-obstruction-of-justice-retaliation-for-speaking-out/article_9262d107-b09b-58ea-9418-2b594a68c546.html\">city leaders quashed a search warrant on behalf of a city councilmember’s son\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"32\">In 2019, then-City Manager John Wooner went missing for months before his body was found in a Dodge Durango at the bottom of the Kern River. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/delano-record/bpd-report-deceased-mcfarland-city-manager-was-facing-various-pressures-when-he-went-missing/article_b9133ab6-cdd4-11e9-8966-efc9aefdde4a.html\">investigation suggested\u003c/a> that before his disappearance, Wooner was distraught over a $180,000 shortfall in the city budget. In 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/arvin-police-chief-pleads-no-contest-to-misdemeanor-resigns-from-department/article_83fd97c0-5a67-11ea-87e2-3330218cf80c.html\">a former police chief pleaded no contest\u003c/a> to charges involving padding the paychecks of police officers performing renovation work on his home; a police investigation found that Wooner knew about the misappropriation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"35\">Locals haven’t forgotten this history, and there’s skepticism about new leadership. The petition to save the library, started by resident Elias Ahumada, states, “Rewarding a police department, with a long history of corruption, with the city’s only public library is disgraceful and negligent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"36\">Ahumada grew up in Wasco and Delano, communities on either side of McFarland. They are home to the Wasco State Prison, North Kern State Prison and Kern Valley State Prison. In 2020, a U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention facility opened in McFarland — the deal with the private contractors brings revenue into the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"37\">“We have a lot of money that we pour into prisons. We have prisons and police departments,” Ahumada said. “What we lack is educational and community resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"38\">Williams said the council has instructed him to consider alternatives. All the initial suggestions assumed the library would move. Williams pointed to the schools, which have their own libraries. He said there might be some room in the building’s current meeting room for the library. Council members floated the idea of using a bookmobile or seeking private funds to build another library. A community member suggested setting up a computer lab for adults. But at a city council meeting last week, Williams said he is looking into other options, “not just an elimination of that library.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"39\">Phil Corr, president of Friends of the McFarland Library, believes these vague promises to seek alternatives are inadequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"40\">“I really think the library is being viewed as an afterthought,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"41\">Schools won’t allow just any adult to come onto campus to visit the library, Corr said. School libraries typically aren’t open for students late after school, during breaks and in the summer. And Natalie, 9, has one big complaint about her school library: She’s only allowed to check out two books at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"42\">Kern County Library spokesperson Jasmin LoBasso said the idea of libraries as a mere book depository is a nostalgic one. Libraries are also a place to find multiple perspectives and verify facts in an era of information overload. Patrons come into libraries with basic questions or big ones, like how to find a new job, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"43\">“It’s important that we have a library there,” LoBasso said. “At this point in time, we don’t have plans to depart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"44\">But one of the main arguments for acquiring the library is that the building is hardly used. The McFarland branch is currently open only Thursdays and Fridays from 11 a.m. to 6 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"45\">“It’s only used twice a week, and we would use it 24/7,” Williams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"46\">Some young patrons have their own solution to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"47\">“Open it every day,” Natalie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pandemic threw a wrench into operating hours for many libraries. But two or three days have been standard in rural areas like McFarland for over a decade, according to LoBasso, except for a few years when there was extra funding to open them an extra day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"123\">When Shafter, a small rural town about 20 miles southwest of McFarland, launched a program called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.shafterlearning.com/education-partnership\" data-reader-unique-id=\"124\">Education Partnership\u003c/a> in 2010, the city paid to extend public library hours an extra day each week as it rolled out tutoring and college prep programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"125\">David Franz, director of Education Partnership, said the city has been able to dedicate 5% of its budget to the program this year because Shafter is in a better financial position than most small cities in the valley. It has not had to make a hard decision between public safety and education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"126\">But Franz also discovered an unfortunate truth in his work with Shafter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"127\">“Our libraries are horrifically underfunded,” said Franz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"130\">In Kern County, local government contributed $6.17 per person for library services for the 2020-21 year, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.library.ca.gov/services/to-libraries/statistics/#tools-and-data-for-and-about-california-public-libraries\" data-reader-unique-id=\"131\">survey of California public libraries\u003c/a>. That put it just behind Imperial, Del Norte, Madera and Yuba counties, all of which received less than $10 per person, according to the same survey. The library systems of Marin, San Mateo, Santa Clara and Alpine counties, on the other hand, received over $100 per person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"132\">Many counties and municipalities have special funding mechanisms for community libraries. In 1994, San Francisco voted in favor of a property tax to fund its libraries. In 1998, Fresno County voted in favor of a one-eighth-cent sales tax, which has helped to ensure libraries have $33 million to operate this year — and that doesn’t include $25.2 million in capital funding for new libraries in Clovis and Reedley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"133\">The Kern County Library has no dedicated fund through property or sales taxes and is almost entirely reliant on the county’s general fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"134\">“That’s one of the biggest differences between Kern County and other library systems,” said LoBasso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"135\">Libraries must jockey for priority against other county departments. In 2016, then-Kern County District Attorney Lisa Green argued against across-the-board cuts at a Board of Supervisors meeting. She said public safety funding for deputies and prosecutors should be spared even “if that means closing every library in this county.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"136\">Kern County had the opportunity to change this in 2016. A ballot measure would have raised funds for the library with a one-eighth-cent sales tax measure, modeled on Fresno’s. It was launched after a failed effort by the Board of Supervisors to privatize the library system. But \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/truthaboutmeasuref/\">the measure faced opposition\u003c/a> from local taxpayer groups, Republicans and Kern County Supervisor David Couch, whose district now includes McFarland. It failed to meet the necessary two-thirds threshold with 51.68% of the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"138\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/kern-county-libraries-to-get-reprieve-under-new-budget-adjustment/article_1831517c-bfe7-11ea-974d-67612e4c6f8c.html\">Kern County’s budget, and therefore its library, was uncertain in 2020-21.\u003c/a> Residents in Shafter received word that their library would not be on the list of branches to reopen after the pandemic, and they worried it could be shuttered entirely. That spurred a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/shafter-residents-on-a-mission-to-save-the-shafter-library/article_0f8c4ec6-d36c-11ea-8da1-cf8e18f43dac.html\" data-reader-unique-id=\"140\">“Save the Shafter Library” movement\u003c/a>, which resulted in the city’s library seceding from the county library system entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"141\">In January, the Shafter Library and Learning Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.bakersfield.com/news/we-wont-take-no-for-an-answer-shafter-library-reopens-with-high-hopes/article_28401662-78b8-11ec-83ac-f31249d1df6f.html\" data-reader-unique-id=\"142\">reopened as an independent library\u003c/a> thanks to the city and Bakersfield College, which now provide staffing. It is now open five days a week from 8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. — more than any other library in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"143\">Franz, of Education Partnership, said libraries are good investments for communities. The number of books children have access to at home is correlated with educational achievement, income and the likelihood of participating in crime. But there are intangible benefits for the community that can’t be measured, and the city has tried to support that, too, with a community mural. He said there’s been a real hunger for a community library in Shafter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"144\">“There’s a community spirit that grows up around the library,” Franz said. “There’s a joy around this public space that is fun and welcoming to families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California students who use the school library aren’t likely to find a credentialed teacher librarian behind the desk. Instead, they will probably be helped by someone without a bachelor’s degree, teaching credential or much formal training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.indeed.com/hire/c/info/full-time-equivalent?gclid=CjwKCAjwur-SBhB6EiwA5sKtjgjby35RD2GUp86qzhd06fq4mQ-HU2lVYh6CgxkoCOA5pYcP9WDfIhoC658QAvD_BwE&aceid=\">number of school librarians in the state dropped\u003c/a> from the equivalent of 811 full-time positions in 2014-15 to 621 in 2020-21, the\u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/elsi/tablegenerator.aspx\"> latest year data\u003c/a> was available, according to the National Center for Education Statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that California schools had one full-time teacher librarian for every 9,667 students last school year, the highest ratio of the 48 states, along with Washington, D.C., that provided numbers to NCES. The state’s Model School Library Standards calls for a ratio of one full-time teacher librarian for every 785 students.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Nina Jackson, president, California School Library Association\"]‘Most schools and/or districts don’t want to pay a teacher’s salary for the library.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-third of K-12 students have never had a teacher librarian, said Lesley Farmer, professor of library media at CSU Long Beach and one of the authors of the state’s\u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/librarystandards.pdf\"> Model School Library Standards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lack of designated state funding for school libraries may be at the root of the scarcity of teacher librarians. School libraries are mostly funded with district general funds and by fundraising, making them a target for cutbacks whenever school finances need tightening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most schools and or districts don’t want to pay a teacher’s salary for the library,” said Nina Jackson, president of the California School Library Association. “They feel like all they need is someone to run a library and keep the books on track. They don’t see the need for someone who teaches digital literacy, media safety and research. They don’t see a need for it and, in education, it comes down to money.”[aside postID=\"forum_2010101888588,mindshift_58892\" label=\"Related Posts\"]A review of job openings on \u003ca href=\"https://www.edjoin.org/\">EDJOIN\u003c/a> — an online education job board — on April 6 showed 13 advertisements for credentialed teacher librarians, with salaries from about $42,000 to $105,000, and 116 openings for classified school library workers with pay ranging from $15 to $30 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ideally, school libraries would have a teacher librarian to work with classroom teachers and students, as well as a library technician to check out and repair books and assist with book fairs,” Jackson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of teacher librarians could be hurting California students academically. Research shows that teacher librarians positively affect student achievement at all grade levels, Farmer said. Research she co-authored shows that \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099133320301531?via%3Dihub\">the impact of librarians on high school academic achievement follows students into college\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/credentials/leaflets/teacher-librarian-services-credential-(cl-562)\">Teacher librarians are required to have:\u003c/a> a bachelor’s degree, a California teaching credential and a teacher librarian services credential, which authorizes them to operate school and district libraries, instruct students in the handling of library materials, and supervise classified staff, according to the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Requirements for classified library workers vary by district, with some requiring a high school diploma and others an associate degree in library science or a specified number of college units.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Juan Unified librarian holds fundraisers to buy books\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Susan Sloan, the teacher librarian at Bella Vista High School in Sacramento County, says an important part of her job is teaching digital literacy to ensure students can differentiate between biased and unbiased information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bella Vista library, which features books displayed on easels and bookmarks for sale at checkout, looks more like a bookstore than a high school library. The library’s collection has been carefully curated by Sloan and updated to include books that appeal to a diverse population of students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Juan Unified doesn’t have dedicated funds for library books or materials, so Sloan raises about $10,000 annually to buy most of what is needed. The principal also has provided school funds for some materials. With the help of volunteers, Sloan spends many of her evenings and weekends hosting book fairs and holding fundraisers, like the one last year that sold \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjuan.edu/site/Default.aspx?PageID=37928\">artwork created with old books\u003c/a>. She also applies for grants from corporations and posts wish lists on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.donorschoose.org/classroom/bvlibraryprojects\">Donors Choose\u003c/a> website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent day last month, Sloan was straightening up the library at the end of the school day. Stacks of books with topics like drug addiction, alcoholism, nicotine and hallucinogens had been placed on tables around the room. Sloan explained the books were part of a health class exercise that had students rotating in groups from stack to stack while filling out a chart with basic information about each topic. The idea was to teach students about these health hazards, as well as how to glean information from written materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some administrators think all we do is check in and check out books, and the rest of the time we aren’t doing anything,” Sloan said. “I am the first one on campus, other than the registrar. So, I’m here at 6:30 in the morning, and yesterday I didn’t leave until a quarter to 5. And that’s pretty typical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Juan Unified has certificated teacher librarians at all nine of its comprehensive high schools, but not at its 33 elementary schools, eight K-8 schools, nine middle schools or its continuation high schools. The middle schools are staffed by media/library technicians and elementary schools by clerk typists, said Raj Rai, district spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly there are multiple factors that have contributed to this library staffing structure in the district, including investments based on student needs at the site level and the availability of teacher librarians,” Rai said. “There continues to be a shortage of certificated teacher librarians, and we did have a hard time filling an open position last year at one of our high schools.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State law dictating who runs school libraries is unclear\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Juan Unified officials said they are not required to have a teacher librarian at every school. The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=18120.#:~:text=18120.,(Amended%20by%20Stats.\">California education code\u003c/a> says that school districts “may appoint a librarian or librarians to staff the libraries provided they qualify as librarians.” The word “may” is often interpreted as meaning the hiring of librarians is optional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Commission on Teacher Credentialing website tries to clarify the issue, saying that while it would be ideal for each library to have a credentialed teacher librarian, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/credentials/assignment-resources/challenges-with-library-assignments\">it is not always feasible\u003c/a>. Instead, the commission says that small school districts can form a consortium with other districts to employ a single credentialed teacher librarian, and larger school districts can employ the number of teacher librarians necessary to select library materials, coordinate library programs and manage library services, along with other duties outlined in the credential. Districts also can contract with a public library for services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if districts are out of compliance, it’s not clear which agency would sanction them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where the Education Code is not completely clear, districts apply their own interpretation, and the CDE does not act as a compliance agency,” stated an email from the California Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my view, the statutes are purposely vague because education management, boards and superintendents want maximum flexibility in staffing,” said Jeff Frost, a lobbyist for the California School Library Association. “It is why in good economic times, more teacher librarians are hired, but in bad economic times, those same TLs [teacher librarians] are often eliminated from school libraries and often laid off or bumped back into classrooms based on seniority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Small districts are most likely to go without a school librarian\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Konocti Unified, a district serving 3,600 students in Lake County, hasn’t had a teacher librarian in its schools for at least 15 years, said Emily Kasmier, the district’s lead librarian. Kasmier, a classified employee, is a library media integration specialist II at Lower Lake Elementary School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kasmier has many duties. Along with helping students select and check out books, she manages and trains library staff, reads to the younger students and manages an online program that measures students’ reading and math comprehension. She’s also the afternoon crossing guard and is in charge of checking out the school’s Chromebooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Outside of that time, I’m shelving books like a madwoman,” she said. “About 1,000 to 1,200 a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Konocti Unified requires its library specialists to have an associate degree or 48 college credits, or have a high school diploma and pass a test. The district has struggled to fill teaching and other staff positions because of its remote location and distance from universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto Unified, on the other hand, has a librarian in each school library. Librarians are essential to the district’s reading initiatives, said Anne Brown, assistant superintendent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a big focus on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pausd.org/school-life/learning/esri\">Every Student Reads Initiative\u003c/a>, and we want children to love reading, so our libraries are comfortable, safe places for students to hang out, read books and talk to librarians,” Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teacher librarians can be hard to find\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto Unified has had no problem filling teacher librarian positions, which rarely come open, Brown said. But other districts, including San Juan Unified and Tracy Unified, have had difficulty finding them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracy Unified School District had so much trouble finding the six teacher librarians it needed to expand lessons in digital literacy and the use of library resources to middle and elementary schools, that it is offering to pay up to $20,000 of the cost associated with earning librarian certification in exchange for a three-year commitment to the district, said Tammy Jalique, associate superintendent of human resources for the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far three teachers from outside the district have signed on to work as school librarians on provisional permits while they earn their library certification. To earn certification as a teacher librarian, a credentialed teacher must take an additional nine to 10 courses, Farmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difficulty filling teacher librarian jobs could be because of the low number of teacher librarian credentials issued in California — 94 in 2020. That’s a slight increase over each of the previous four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three California universities offer the coursework required to earn certification as a teacher librarian: California State University Long Beach, San José State University and Fresno Pacific University, according to the Commission on Teacher Credentialing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmer says there is a perception that no one is hiring librarians, so many potential candidates are earning master’s degrees in library science instead of a teaching credential and taking jobs in public libraries, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state needs to turn out 200 teacher librarians a year,” Farmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 10 and 15 teacher librarians complete their certification at Long Beach each year, Farmer said. The university has 50 in the pipeline right now. Many of the candidates are full-time teachers who take one or two classes a semester, Farmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need more people entering the field,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California lags far behind other states on its librarian-to-student ratio. The number of school librarians in the state dropped from the equivalent of 811 full-time positions in 2014-15, to 621 in 2020-21.",
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"title": "Where Are All of California's School Librarians? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California students who use the school library aren’t likely to find a credentialed teacher librarian behind the desk. Instead, they will probably be helped by someone without a bachelor’s degree, teaching credential or much formal training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.indeed.com/hire/c/info/full-time-equivalent?gclid=CjwKCAjwur-SBhB6EiwA5sKtjgjby35RD2GUp86qzhd06fq4mQ-HU2lVYh6CgxkoCOA5pYcP9WDfIhoC658QAvD_BwE&aceid=\">number of school librarians in the state dropped\u003c/a> from the equivalent of 811 full-time positions in 2014-15 to 621 in 2020-21, the\u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/elsi/tablegenerator.aspx\"> latest year data\u003c/a> was available, according to the National Center for Education Statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that California schools had one full-time teacher librarian for every 9,667 students last school year, the highest ratio of the 48 states, along with Washington, D.C., that provided numbers to NCES. The state’s Model School Library Standards calls for a ratio of one full-time teacher librarian for every 785 students.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-third of K-12 students have never had a teacher librarian, said Lesley Farmer, professor of library media at CSU Long Beach and one of the authors of the state’s\u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/librarystandards.pdf\"> Model School Library Standards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lack of designated state funding for school libraries may be at the root of the scarcity of teacher librarians. School libraries are mostly funded with district general funds and by fundraising, making them a target for cutbacks whenever school finances need tightening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most schools and or districts don’t want to pay a teacher’s salary for the library,” said Nina Jackson, president of the California School Library Association. “They feel like all they need is someone to run a library and keep the books on track. They don’t see the need for someone who teaches digital literacy, media safety and research. They don’t see a need for it and, in education, it comes down to money.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A review of job openings on \u003ca href=\"https://www.edjoin.org/\">EDJOIN\u003c/a> — an online education job board — on April 6 showed 13 advertisements for credentialed teacher librarians, with salaries from about $42,000 to $105,000, and 116 openings for classified school library workers with pay ranging from $15 to $30 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ideally, school libraries would have a teacher librarian to work with classroom teachers and students, as well as a library technician to check out and repair books and assist with book fairs,” Jackson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of teacher librarians could be hurting California students academically. Research shows that teacher librarians positively affect student achievement at all grade levels, Farmer said. Research she co-authored shows that \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099133320301531?via%3Dihub\">the impact of librarians on high school academic achievement follows students into college\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/credentials/leaflets/teacher-librarian-services-credential-(cl-562)\">Teacher librarians are required to have:\u003c/a> a bachelor’s degree, a California teaching credential and a teacher librarian services credential, which authorizes them to operate school and district libraries, instruct students in the handling of library materials, and supervise classified staff, according to the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Requirements for classified library workers vary by district, with some requiring a high school diploma and others an associate degree in library science or a specified number of college units.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Juan Unified librarian holds fundraisers to buy books\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Susan Sloan, the teacher librarian at Bella Vista High School in Sacramento County, says an important part of her job is teaching digital literacy to ensure students can differentiate between biased and unbiased information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bella Vista library, which features books displayed on easels and bookmarks for sale at checkout, looks more like a bookstore than a high school library. The library’s collection has been carefully curated by Sloan and updated to include books that appeal to a diverse population of students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Juan Unified doesn’t have dedicated funds for library books or materials, so Sloan raises about $10,000 annually to buy most of what is needed. The principal also has provided school funds for some materials. With the help of volunteers, Sloan spends many of her evenings and weekends hosting book fairs and holding fundraisers, like the one last year that sold \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjuan.edu/site/Default.aspx?PageID=37928\">artwork created with old books\u003c/a>. She also applies for grants from corporations and posts wish lists on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.donorschoose.org/classroom/bvlibraryprojects\">Donors Choose\u003c/a> website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent day last month, Sloan was straightening up the library at the end of the school day. Stacks of books with topics like drug addiction, alcoholism, nicotine and hallucinogens had been placed on tables around the room. Sloan explained the books were part of a health class exercise that had students rotating in groups from stack to stack while filling out a chart with basic information about each topic. The idea was to teach students about these health hazards, as well as how to glean information from written materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some administrators think all we do is check in and check out books, and the rest of the time we aren’t doing anything,” Sloan said. “I am the first one on campus, other than the registrar. So, I’m here at 6:30 in the morning, and yesterday I didn’t leave until a quarter to 5. And that’s pretty typical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Juan Unified has certificated teacher librarians at all nine of its comprehensive high schools, but not at its 33 elementary schools, eight K-8 schools, nine middle schools or its continuation high schools. The middle schools are staffed by media/library technicians and elementary schools by clerk typists, said Raj Rai, district spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly there are multiple factors that have contributed to this library staffing structure in the district, including investments based on student needs at the site level and the availability of teacher librarians,” Rai said. “There continues to be a shortage of certificated teacher librarians, and we did have a hard time filling an open position last year at one of our high schools.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State law dictating who runs school libraries is unclear\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Juan Unified officials said they are not required to have a teacher librarian at every school. The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=18120.#:~:text=18120.,(Amended%20by%20Stats.\">California education code\u003c/a> says that school districts “may appoint a librarian or librarians to staff the libraries provided they qualify as librarians.” The word “may” is often interpreted as meaning the hiring of librarians is optional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Commission on Teacher Credentialing website tries to clarify the issue, saying that while it would be ideal for each library to have a credentialed teacher librarian, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/credentials/assignment-resources/challenges-with-library-assignments\">it is not always feasible\u003c/a>. Instead, the commission says that small school districts can form a consortium with other districts to employ a single credentialed teacher librarian, and larger school districts can employ the number of teacher librarians necessary to select library materials, coordinate library programs and manage library services, along with other duties outlined in the credential. Districts also can contract with a public library for services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if districts are out of compliance, it’s not clear which agency would sanction them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where the Education Code is not completely clear, districts apply their own interpretation, and the CDE does not act as a compliance agency,” stated an email from the California Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my view, the statutes are purposely vague because education management, boards and superintendents want maximum flexibility in staffing,” said Jeff Frost, a lobbyist for the California School Library Association. “It is why in good economic times, more teacher librarians are hired, but in bad economic times, those same TLs [teacher librarians] are often eliminated from school libraries and often laid off or bumped back into classrooms based on seniority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Small districts are most likely to go without a school librarian\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Konocti Unified, a district serving 3,600 students in Lake County, hasn’t had a teacher librarian in its schools for at least 15 years, said Emily Kasmier, the district’s lead librarian. Kasmier, a classified employee, is a library media integration specialist II at Lower Lake Elementary School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kasmier has many duties. Along with helping students select and check out books, she manages and trains library staff, reads to the younger students and manages an online program that measures students’ reading and math comprehension. She’s also the afternoon crossing guard and is in charge of checking out the school’s Chromebooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Outside of that time, I’m shelving books like a madwoman,” she said. “About 1,000 to 1,200 a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Konocti Unified requires its library specialists to have an associate degree or 48 college credits, or have a high school diploma and pass a test. The district has struggled to fill teaching and other staff positions because of its remote location and distance from universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto Unified, on the other hand, has a librarian in each school library. Librarians are essential to the district’s reading initiatives, said Anne Brown, assistant superintendent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a big focus on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pausd.org/school-life/learning/esri\">Every Student Reads Initiative\u003c/a>, and we want children to love reading, so our libraries are comfortable, safe places for students to hang out, read books and talk to librarians,” Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teacher librarians can be hard to find\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto Unified has had no problem filling teacher librarian positions, which rarely come open, Brown said. But other districts, including San Juan Unified and Tracy Unified, have had difficulty finding them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracy Unified School District had so much trouble finding the six teacher librarians it needed to expand lessons in digital literacy and the use of library resources to middle and elementary schools, that it is offering to pay up to $20,000 of the cost associated with earning librarian certification in exchange for a three-year commitment to the district, said Tammy Jalique, associate superintendent of human resources for the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far three teachers from outside the district have signed on to work as school librarians on provisional permits while they earn their library certification. To earn certification as a teacher librarian, a credentialed teacher must take an additional nine to 10 courses, Farmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difficulty filling teacher librarian jobs could be because of the low number of teacher librarian credentials issued in California — 94 in 2020. That’s a slight increase over each of the previous four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three California universities offer the coursework required to earn certification as a teacher librarian: California State University Long Beach, San José State University and Fresno Pacific University, according to the Commission on Teacher Credentialing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmer says there is a perception that no one is hiring librarians, so many potential candidates are earning master’s degrees in library science instead of a teaching credential and taking jobs in public libraries, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state needs to turn out 200 teacher librarians a year,” Farmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 10 and 15 teacher librarians complete their certification at Long Beach each year, Farmer said. The university has 50 in the pipeline right now. Many of the candidates are full-time teachers who take one or two classes a semester, Farmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need more people entering the field,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For the first time in decades, fewer than 6 million students are enrolled in California's K-12 public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's according to new data released Monday by the state Department of Education, showing \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr22/yr22rel20.asp\">a decline in enrollment for the fifth straight year\u003c/a>. That downward trend is \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2022/01/california-schools-budgets/\">stoking fears of additional budget cuts\u003c/a> and long-term financial instability for schools, whose funding is largely determined by total enrollment numbers and daily attendance levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among key takeaways from the newly released data:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Statewide enrollment for the 2021-22 school year — including traditional public \u003cem>and\u003c/em> charter schools — is at 5,892,240, down 1.8%, or about 110,000 students, from the previous year. That dip, however, is less steep than the 2.6% drop during the first year of the pandemic.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Compared to the last school year, enrollment this year dropped 3.6% for Black students, 1.9% for Asian Americans, 0.9% for Latinos and 4.9% for white students.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Grades one, four, seven and nine had the largest enrollment decreases this year.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Kindergarten enrollment increased slightly this school year over the prior year, although enrollment is still nowhere near prepandemic levels. Enrollment in 12th grade also ticked up slightly.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For the better part of a decade, public school enrollment has been in steady decline in California, due largely to a lack of affordable housing, according to education officials. But when the pandemic reached California, early job losses collided with that trend, exacerbating that decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Barrera, a board trustee at San Diego Unified, the state’s second-largest district, said families already were moving out of the district, especially families in gentrifying areas, resulting in disproportionate losses for schools in those neighborhoods. Then workers started to lose jobs in 2020, and more families had to relocate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we opened up the schools last year, those schools had lower in-person attendance,” Barrera said. “It’s just more expensive for people with kids to live in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the years before the pandemic, enrollment in traditional, noncharter public schools fell by about 1% a year. During the first year of the pandemic, however, enrollment dropped by more than 3%, or about 175,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even charter school enrollment slid, losing 12,600 students this year, a major reversal of historical trends. Since 2015, charter schools had seen only increases of at least 10,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/9333229/embed\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State education officials did not have a clear explanation for this sudden drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Charter Schools Association President Myrna Castrejón said this decline illustrates how charter schools “are facing the same statewide challenges as noncharter public schools.” She called for equitable funding for charters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For noncharter schools, much of the enrollment drop during the first year of the pandemic was due to tens of thousands of parents opting not to enroll their children in kindergarten. Most school campuses were closed at the time and children were learning online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, with school buildings open, kindergarten enrollment went up by more than 7,000 students, recovering slightly from last year’s 60,000-student plunge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enrollment numbers for first graders, however, dropped by 18,000 students this year — one of the steepest drops for a single grade level — suggesting that many students who were of kindergarten age in 2020 did not return to public schools for first grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State education officials would not comment on where those students went. Some school district officials said they also are looking for answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"education\"]“It’s a problem across all grade levels,” said Barrett Snider of Capitol Advisors, a lobbying firm for school districts. “We just aren’t sure where they’ve gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because most of California’s public schools are funded based on a combination of enrollment and attendance, small school districts are especially feeling the pain. Just a few students leaving can mean large chunks of money gone from their budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had declining enrollment since the turn of the century,” said Linda Irving, superintendent of Sebastopol Union School District. “As a school gets smaller, it gets more difficult to provide quality programming, like music classes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her 788-student district has been using one-time state grants to cover its costs, Irving said, but she needs a more permanent solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can be depressing working at a school where the student population is shrinking, Irving said. Administrators have a marketing budget to attract more families, yet they also are being forced to cut staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was driving home from the gym yesterday, and I heard another superintendent on the radio,” Irving said. “We’re competing against each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brett McFadden, superintendent of the Nevada Joint Union High School District, said a large portion of the residents in his rural community work in the service industry and had to seek other jobs when businesses closed during the pandemic. Others left more recently, as the state began enforcing masking rules and issuing vaccine mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s tough to do exit interviews, but our takeaway is that people left because of jobs,” McFadden said. “Or they left because private schools weren’t enforcing mask mandates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to state data, the enrollment in McFadden's district was stable before the pandemic, at around 2,800 students. Enrollment is currently down to 2,605, and McFadden notes that he lost 197 students since the school year started, which translates to more than $2 million in lost funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Declining enrollment cannot be fixed,” he said. “I think we have to recognize that declining enrollment is part of broader demographic trends that are happening in our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Softening the blow\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State leaders are floating measures to lessen the pain of declining enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his proposed budget, Gov. Gavin Newsom said he would allow school districts to use a three-year average attendance rate to calculate next year’s funding. This could be a substantial help, especially because attendance at most schools plummeted during this year’s omicron surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Anthony Portantino, a Democrat from Glendale, authored \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB830\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Senate Bill 830\u003c/a>, which would pay districts based on enrollment rather than attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the policy debate over enrollment- versus attendance-based funding has been ongoing for years, Portantino said this is the right time to make the change because of the state’s surplus and the acute crisis schools are facing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“School districts have to budget based on enrollment,” Portantino said. “It makes no sense to penalize them if you have absences throughout the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under his proposal, districts would still be funded based on attendance but could apply for additional money based on enrollment. The bill would require that districts use 30% of the additional funding to address chronic absenteeism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these proposals might ease the fiscal effects of ebbing enrollments, district leaders still don’t have a clear picture of why \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2020/12/south-los-angeles-school-pandemic/\">so many students are leaving\u003c/a>. And many feel powerless to reverse the trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Schools have been reacting to a public-health crisis and trying to keep their lights on, so when kids disappear there’s not a lot of capacity to chase them down and see what happened,” said Snider, the lobbyist. “But I think that’s going to be a big focus as we climb out of this.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Statewide public school enrollment fell for the fifth year in a row, with about 110,000 fewer students in K-12 traditional and charter public schools this academic year, a roughly 1.8% drop from last year. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For the first time in decades, fewer than 6 million students are enrolled in California's K-12 public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's according to new data released Monday by the state Department of Education, showing \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr22/yr22rel20.asp\">a decline in enrollment for the fifth straight year\u003c/a>. That downward trend is \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2022/01/california-schools-budgets/\">stoking fears of additional budget cuts\u003c/a> and long-term financial instability for schools, whose funding is largely determined by total enrollment numbers and daily attendance levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among key takeaways from the newly released data:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Statewide enrollment for the 2021-22 school year — including traditional public \u003cem>and\u003c/em> charter schools — is at 5,892,240, down 1.8%, or about 110,000 students, from the previous year. That dip, however, is less steep than the 2.6% drop during the first year of the pandemic.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Compared to the last school year, enrollment this year dropped 3.6% for Black students, 1.9% for Asian Americans, 0.9% for Latinos and 4.9% for white students.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Grades one, four, seven and nine had the largest enrollment decreases this year.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Kindergarten enrollment increased slightly this school year over the prior year, although enrollment is still nowhere near prepandemic levels. Enrollment in 12th grade also ticked up slightly.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For the better part of a decade, public school enrollment has been in steady decline in California, due largely to a lack of affordable housing, according to education officials. But when the pandemic reached California, early job losses collided with that trend, exacerbating that decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Barrera, a board trustee at San Diego Unified, the state’s second-largest district, said families already were moving out of the district, especially families in gentrifying areas, resulting in disproportionate losses for schools in those neighborhoods. Then workers started to lose jobs in 2020, and more families had to relocate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we opened up the schools last year, those schools had lower in-person attendance,” Barrera said. “It’s just more expensive for people with kids to live in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the years before the pandemic, enrollment in traditional, noncharter public schools fell by about 1% a year. During the first year of the pandemic, however, enrollment dropped by more than 3%, or about 175,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even charter school enrollment slid, losing 12,600 students this year, a major reversal of historical trends. Since 2015, charter schools had seen only increases of at least 10,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/9333229/embed\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State education officials did not have a clear explanation for this sudden drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Charter Schools Association President Myrna Castrejón said this decline illustrates how charter schools “are facing the same statewide challenges as noncharter public schools.” She called for equitable funding for charters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For noncharter schools, much of the enrollment drop during the first year of the pandemic was due to tens of thousands of parents opting not to enroll their children in kindergarten. Most school campuses were closed at the time and children were learning online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, with school buildings open, kindergarten enrollment went up by more than 7,000 students, recovering slightly from last year’s 60,000-student plunge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enrollment numbers for first graders, however, dropped by 18,000 students this year — one of the steepest drops for a single grade level — suggesting that many students who were of kindergarten age in 2020 did not return to public schools for first grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State education officials would not comment on where those students went. Some school district officials said they also are looking for answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It’s a problem across all grade levels,” said Barrett Snider of Capitol Advisors, a lobbying firm for school districts. “We just aren’t sure where they’ve gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because most of California’s public schools are funded based on a combination of enrollment and attendance, small school districts are especially feeling the pain. Just a few students leaving can mean large chunks of money gone from their budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had declining enrollment since the turn of the century,” said Linda Irving, superintendent of Sebastopol Union School District. “As a school gets smaller, it gets more difficult to provide quality programming, like music classes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her 788-student district has been using one-time state grants to cover its costs, Irving said, but she needs a more permanent solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can be depressing working at a school where the student population is shrinking, Irving said. Administrators have a marketing budget to attract more families, yet they also are being forced to cut staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was driving home from the gym yesterday, and I heard another superintendent on the radio,” Irving said. “We’re competing against each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brett McFadden, superintendent of the Nevada Joint Union High School District, said a large portion of the residents in his rural community work in the service industry and had to seek other jobs when businesses closed during the pandemic. Others left more recently, as the state began enforcing masking rules and issuing vaccine mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s tough to do exit interviews, but our takeaway is that people left because of jobs,” McFadden said. “Or they left because private schools weren’t enforcing mask mandates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to state data, the enrollment in McFadden's district was stable before the pandemic, at around 2,800 students. Enrollment is currently down to 2,605, and McFadden notes that he lost 197 students since the school year started, which translates to more than $2 million in lost funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Declining enrollment cannot be fixed,” he said. “I think we have to recognize that declining enrollment is part of broader demographic trends that are happening in our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Softening the blow\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State leaders are floating measures to lessen the pain of declining enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his proposed budget, Gov. Gavin Newsom said he would allow school districts to use a three-year average attendance rate to calculate next year’s funding. This could be a substantial help, especially because attendance at most schools plummeted during this year’s omicron surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Anthony Portantino, a Democrat from Glendale, authored \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB830\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Senate Bill 830\u003c/a>, which would pay districts based on enrollment rather than attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the policy debate over enrollment- versus attendance-based funding has been ongoing for years, Portantino said this is the right time to make the change because of the state’s surplus and the acute crisis schools are facing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“School districts have to budget based on enrollment,” Portantino said. “It makes no sense to penalize them if you have absences throughout the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under his proposal, districts would still be funded based on attendance but could apply for additional money based on enrollment. The bill would require that districts use 30% of the additional funding to address chronic absenteeism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these proposals might ease the fiscal effects of ebbing enrollments, district leaders still don’t have a clear picture of why \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2020/12/south-los-angeles-school-pandemic/\">so many students are leaving\u003c/a>. And many feel powerless to reverse the trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Schools have been reacting to a public-health crisis and trying to keep their lights on, so when kids disappear there’s not a lot of capacity to chase them down and see what happened,” said Snider, the lobbyist. “But I think that’s going to be a big focus as we climb out of this.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "State Program Highlights Need for Teachers to Train in Mental Health to Assist Students",
"title": "State Program Highlights Need for Teachers to Train in Mental Health to Assist Students",
"headTitle": "KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>As Benito Luna-Herrera teaches his seventh grade social studies classes, he is on alert for signs of inner turmoil. And there is so much of it these days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of his 12-year-old students felt her world was falling apart. Distance learning had upended her friendships. Things with her boyfriend were verging on violent. Her home life was stressful. “I’m just done with it,” the girl told Luna-Herrera during the pandemic, and shared a detailed plan to kill herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another student was typically a big jokester and full of confidence. But one day she told him she didn’t want to live anymore. She, too, had a plan in place to end her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna-Herrera is just one teacher, in one Southern California middle school, but stories of students in distress are increasingly common around the country. The silver lining is that special training helped him know what to look for and how to respond when he saw the signs of a mental emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the pandemic started, experts have warned of a mental health crisis facing American children. That is now playing out at schools in the form of increased childhood depression, anxiety, panic attacks, eating disorders, fights and thoughts of suicide at alarming levels, according to interviews with teachers, administrators, education officials and mental health experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In lower-income areas, where adverse childhood experiences were high before the pandemic, the crisis is even more acute and compounded by a shortage of school staff and mental health professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna-Herrera, who teaches in a high-poverty area of the Mojave Desert, is among a small but growing number of California teachers to take a course called \u003ca href=\"https://www.mentalhealthfirstaid.org/population-focused-modules/youth/\">Youth Mental Health First Aid\u003c/a>. It teaches adults how to spot warning signs of mental health risks and substance abuse in children, and how to prevent a tragedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Education funds the program for any school district requesting it, and the pandemic has accelerated moves to make such courses a requirement. The training program is operated by the National Council for Mental Wellbeing and is available in every state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to read about another teenager where there were warning signs and we looked the other way,” said Sen. Anthony Portantino, author of a bill that would require all California middle and high schools to train at least 75% of employees in behavioral health. “Teachers and school staff are on the front lines of a crisis, and need to be trained to spot students who are suffering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say that while childhood depression and anxiety had been on the rise for years, the pandemic's unrelenting stress and grief amplified the problems, particularly for those already experiencing mental health issues who were cut off from counselors and other school resources during distance learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For children, the issues with distance learning were not just academic, said Sharon Hoover, professor of child psychiatry at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and co-director of the National Center for School Mental Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child abuse and neglect increased during the pandemic, according to Hoover. For children in troubled homes, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/07/14/891119510/a-look-at-pandemic-s-impact-on-recovery-for-alcoholism-and-drug-addiction\">parents who were abusive or dealing with alcohol use disorder\u003c/a>, distance learning meant they had no escape. Those who lacked technology or had spotty internet connections were isolated even more than their peers and fell further behind academically and socially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many children bounced back after the extended isolation, but for others, it may take longer.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\" Sen. Anthony Portantino\"]'I don't want to read about another teenager where there were warning signs and we looked the other way.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t assume that, ‘OK, we’re back in school, it’s been a few months and now everyone should be back to normal.’ That is not the case,” said Hoover.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Kids need help when returning to school\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Returning to school after months of isolation intensified the anxiety for some children. Teachers say students have greater difficulty focusing, concentrating or sitting still, and many need to relearn how to socialize and resolve conflicts face-to-face after prolonged immersion in screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kids expected to pick up where they left off but some found friendships, and their ability to cope with social stress, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101888361/taking-stock-of-the-pandemics-toll-on-kids\">had changed\u003c/a>. Educators say they also see a concerning increase in apathy — about grades, how students treat each other and themselves — and a lot less empathy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have never seen kids be so mean to each other in my life,” said Terrin Musbach, who trains teachers in mental health awareness and other social-emotional programs at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dnusd.org/\">Del Norte Unified School District\u003c/a>, a high-poverty district in rural Northern California. “There’s more school violence, there’s more vaping, there’s more substance abuse, there’s more sexual activity, there’s more suicide ideation, there’s more of every single behavior that we would be worried about in kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many states have mandated teacher training on suicide prevention over the last decade, and the pandemic prompted some to broaden the scope to include mental health awareness and supporting behavioral health needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But school districts nationwide also say they need more psychologists and counselors. The Hopeful Futures Campaign, a coalition of national mental health organizations, last month published a report that found \u003ca href=\"https://hopefulfutures.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Final_Master_021522.pdf\">most states are struggling with mental health support in schools\u003c/a>. Only Idaho and the District of Columbia exceed the nationally recommended ratio of one psychologist per 500 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some states, including West Virginia, Missouri, Texas and Georgia, there is only one school psychologist for over 4,000 students, the report says. Similarly, few states meet the goal of one counselor per 250 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Joe Biden has \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/budget_fy2023.pdf\">proposed $1 billion in new federal funding\u003c/a> to help schools hire more counselors and psychologists and bolster suicide prevention programs. That followed a rare pubic advisory in December from U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy on “the urgent need to address the nation's youth mental health crisis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early 2021, emergency room visits in the U.S. for suspected suicide attempts were 51% higher for adolescent girls and 4% higher for adolescent boys compared to the same period in 2019, according to research cited in the advisory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since California began offering the Youth Mental Health First Aid course in 2014, more than 8,000 teachers, administrators and school staff have been trained, said \u003ca href=\"https://steinberginstitute.org/champion/monica-nepomuceno/\">Monica Nepomuceno\u003c/a>, who oversees mental health programming at the California Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said much more needs to be done in the country’s largest state, which employs over 600,000 K-12 staff at schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The course helps distinguish typical adolescent ways of dealing with stress — slamming doors, crying, bursts of anger — from warning signs of mental distress, which can be blatant or subtle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those signs can include when a child talks about dying or suicide, but also can be more nuanced, like saying, “I can’t do this anymore,” or “I’m tired of this,” said Tramaine EL-Amin, a spokesperson for the National Council for Mental Wellbeing. More than 550,000 K-12 educators across the country have taken the Youth Mental Health First Aid course since it launched in 2012, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes in behavior could be cause for concern — a child who stops a sport or activity they were passionate about without replacing it with another one; a typically put-together child who starts to look regularly unkempt; a student whose grades plummet or who stops handing in homework; a child who eats lunch alone and has stopped palling around with their friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After noticing something might be wrong, the course teaches that the next step is to ask the student without pressuring or casting judgment and letting them know you care and want to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes an adult can ask a question that causes more harm than good,” said Luna-Herrera, the social studies teacher at California City Middle School, a two-hour drive into the desert from Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He took the course in spring 2021 and two weeks later put it to use. It was during distance learning and a student had failed to show up for online tutoring, but he spotted her chatting online on the school’s distance learning platform, having a heated dispute with her then-boyfriend. Luna reached out to her privately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I asked her if she was OK,” he said. Little by little, the girl told Luna-Herrera about problems with friends and her boyfriend and problems at home that left her feeling alone and desperately unanchored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The course tells adults to ask open-ended questions that keep the conversation going, and not to project themselves into an adolescent’s problems with comments like: \"You'll be fine,\" \"It's not that bad,\" \"I went through that,\" \"Try to ignore it.\" What might seem trivial to an adult can feel overwhelming for a young person, and failure to recognize that can be a conversation stopper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 12-year-old told Luna-Herrera she had considered hurting herself. “Is that a recurring thought?” he asked, recalling how his heart started racing as she revealed her suicide plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like CPR first-aid training, the course teaches how to handle a crisis: Raise the alarm and get expert help. Do not leave a person contemplating suicide alone. As Luna-Herrera continued talking to the girl, he texted his school superintendent, who got the principal on the line. They called 911 and police rushed to the home, where they spoke to the girl and her mother, who was startled and unaware.[aside tag=\"education\" label=\"Related coverage\"]“He absolutely saved that child’s life,” said Mojave Unified Superintendent Katherine Aguirre, who oversees the district of about 3,000 students, the majority of whom are Latino and Black children from economically disadvantaged families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguirre recognized the need for behavioral health training early in the pandemic and through the Department of Education trained all of her employees, from teachers to yard supervisors and cafeteria workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's about awareness. And that Sandy Hook promise: If you see something, say something,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That did not happen with 14-year-old Taya Bruell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taya was a bright student who had started struggling with mental health issues at about 11, according to her father, Harry Bruell. At the time, the family lived in Boulder, Colorado, where Taya was hospitalized at one point for psychiatric care but kept up the trappings of a model student: She got straight A's, was co-leader of her high school writing club and in her spare time taught senior citizens to use computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a literature class, Taya was assigned to keep a journal. In it, she drew a disturbing portrait that showed self-harm and wrote about how much she hated her body and was hearing voices she wanted to silence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her teacher read the assignment and wrote: “Taya, very thorough journal. I loved reading the entries. A+.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three months later, in February 2016, Taya killed herself. After her death, Taya’s parents discovered the journal in her room and brought it to the school, where they learned Taya’s teacher had not informed the school counselor or administrators of what she had seen. They don’t blame the teacher but will always wonder what would have happened if she had not ignored the signs of danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think the teacher wanted to hurt our daughter. I think she had no idea what to do when she read those stark warning signs in Taya’s journal,” said her father, who has since relocated with the family to Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes legislation to require teacher training in behavioral health will save lives: “It teaches you to raise the alarm, and not just walk away, which is what happened to Taya.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you or someone you know is having suicidal thoughts, reach out for help. The \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/\">\u003cem>National Suicide Prevention Lifeline\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is open 24 hours a day at (800) 273-8255.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Schools in states across the US lack mental health professionals, but since California began offering the Youth Mental Health First Aid course in 2014, more than 8,000 teachers, administrators and school staff have been trained to spot signs of kids with mental health troubles.",
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"description": "Schools in states across the US lack mental health professionals, but since California began offering the Youth Mental Health First Aid course in 2014, more than 8,000 teachers, administrators and school staff have been trained to spot signs of kids with mental health troubles.",
"title": "State Program Highlights Need for Teachers to Train in Mental Health to Assist Students | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As Benito Luna-Herrera teaches his seventh grade social studies classes, he is on alert for signs of inner turmoil. And there is so much of it these days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of his 12-year-old students felt her world was falling apart. Distance learning had upended her friendships. Things with her boyfriend were verging on violent. Her home life was stressful. “I’m just done with it,” the girl told Luna-Herrera during the pandemic, and shared a detailed plan to kill herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another student was typically a big jokester and full of confidence. But one day she told him she didn’t want to live anymore. She, too, had a plan in place to end her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna-Herrera is just one teacher, in one Southern California middle school, but stories of students in distress are increasingly common around the country. The silver lining is that special training helped him know what to look for and how to respond when he saw the signs of a mental emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the pandemic started, experts have warned of a mental health crisis facing American children. That is now playing out at schools in the form of increased childhood depression, anxiety, panic attacks, eating disorders, fights and thoughts of suicide at alarming levels, according to interviews with teachers, administrators, education officials and mental health experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In lower-income areas, where adverse childhood experiences were high before the pandemic, the crisis is even more acute and compounded by a shortage of school staff and mental health professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna-Herrera, who teaches in a high-poverty area of the Mojave Desert, is among a small but growing number of California teachers to take a course called \u003ca href=\"https://www.mentalhealthfirstaid.org/population-focused-modules/youth/\">Youth Mental Health First Aid\u003c/a>. It teaches adults how to spot warning signs of mental health risks and substance abuse in children, and how to prevent a tragedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Education funds the program for any school district requesting it, and the pandemic has accelerated moves to make such courses a requirement. The training program is operated by the National Council for Mental Wellbeing and is available in every state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to read about another teenager where there were warning signs and we looked the other way,” said Sen. Anthony Portantino, author of a bill that would require all California middle and high schools to train at least 75% of employees in behavioral health. “Teachers and school staff are on the front lines of a crisis, and need to be trained to spot students who are suffering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say that while childhood depression and anxiety had been on the rise for years, the pandemic's unrelenting stress and grief amplified the problems, particularly for those already experiencing mental health issues who were cut off from counselors and other school resources during distance learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For children, the issues with distance learning were not just academic, said Sharon Hoover, professor of child psychiatry at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and co-director of the National Center for School Mental Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child abuse and neglect increased during the pandemic, according to Hoover. For children in troubled homes, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/07/14/891119510/a-look-at-pandemic-s-impact-on-recovery-for-alcoholism-and-drug-addiction\">parents who were abusive or dealing with alcohol use disorder\u003c/a>, distance learning meant they had no escape. Those who lacked technology or had spotty internet connections were isolated even more than their peers and fell further behind academically and socially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many children bounced back after the extended isolation, but for others, it may take longer.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t assume that, ‘OK, we’re back in school, it’s been a few months and now everyone should be back to normal.’ That is not the case,” said Hoover.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Kids need help when returning to school\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Returning to school after months of isolation intensified the anxiety for some children. Teachers say students have greater difficulty focusing, concentrating or sitting still, and many need to relearn how to socialize and resolve conflicts face-to-face after prolonged immersion in screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kids expected to pick up where they left off but some found friendships, and their ability to cope with social stress, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101888361/taking-stock-of-the-pandemics-toll-on-kids\">had changed\u003c/a>. Educators say they also see a concerning increase in apathy — about grades, how students treat each other and themselves — and a lot less empathy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have never seen kids be so mean to each other in my life,” said Terrin Musbach, who trains teachers in mental health awareness and other social-emotional programs at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dnusd.org/\">Del Norte Unified School District\u003c/a>, a high-poverty district in rural Northern California. “There’s more school violence, there’s more vaping, there’s more substance abuse, there’s more sexual activity, there’s more suicide ideation, there’s more of every single behavior that we would be worried about in kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many states have mandated teacher training on suicide prevention over the last decade, and the pandemic prompted some to broaden the scope to include mental health awareness and supporting behavioral health needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But school districts nationwide also say they need more psychologists and counselors. The Hopeful Futures Campaign, a coalition of national mental health organizations, last month published a report that found \u003ca href=\"https://hopefulfutures.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Final_Master_021522.pdf\">most states are struggling with mental health support in schools\u003c/a>. Only Idaho and the District of Columbia exceed the nationally recommended ratio of one psychologist per 500 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some states, including West Virginia, Missouri, Texas and Georgia, there is only one school psychologist for over 4,000 students, the report says. Similarly, few states meet the goal of one counselor per 250 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Joe Biden has \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/budget_fy2023.pdf\">proposed $1 billion in new federal funding\u003c/a> to help schools hire more counselors and psychologists and bolster suicide prevention programs. That followed a rare pubic advisory in December from U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy on “the urgent need to address the nation's youth mental health crisis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early 2021, emergency room visits in the U.S. for suspected suicide attempts were 51% higher for adolescent girls and 4% higher for adolescent boys compared to the same period in 2019, according to research cited in the advisory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since California began offering the Youth Mental Health First Aid course in 2014, more than 8,000 teachers, administrators and school staff have been trained, said \u003ca href=\"https://steinberginstitute.org/champion/monica-nepomuceno/\">Monica Nepomuceno\u003c/a>, who oversees mental health programming at the California Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said much more needs to be done in the country’s largest state, which employs over 600,000 K-12 staff at schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The course helps distinguish typical adolescent ways of dealing with stress — slamming doors, crying, bursts of anger — from warning signs of mental distress, which can be blatant or subtle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those signs can include when a child talks about dying or suicide, but also can be more nuanced, like saying, “I can’t do this anymore,” or “I’m tired of this,” said Tramaine EL-Amin, a spokesperson for the National Council for Mental Wellbeing. More than 550,000 K-12 educators across the country have taken the Youth Mental Health First Aid course since it launched in 2012, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes in behavior could be cause for concern — a child who stops a sport or activity they were passionate about without replacing it with another one; a typically put-together child who starts to look regularly unkempt; a student whose grades plummet or who stops handing in homework; a child who eats lunch alone and has stopped palling around with their friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After noticing something might be wrong, the course teaches that the next step is to ask the student without pressuring or casting judgment and letting them know you care and want to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes an adult can ask a question that causes more harm than good,” said Luna-Herrera, the social studies teacher at California City Middle School, a two-hour drive into the desert from Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He took the course in spring 2021 and two weeks later put it to use. It was during distance learning and a student had failed to show up for online tutoring, but he spotted her chatting online on the school’s distance learning platform, having a heated dispute with her then-boyfriend. Luna reached out to her privately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I asked her if she was OK,” he said. Little by little, the girl told Luna-Herrera about problems with friends and her boyfriend and problems at home that left her feeling alone and desperately unanchored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The course tells adults to ask open-ended questions that keep the conversation going, and not to project themselves into an adolescent’s problems with comments like: \"You'll be fine,\" \"It's not that bad,\" \"I went through that,\" \"Try to ignore it.\" What might seem trivial to an adult can feel overwhelming for a young person, and failure to recognize that can be a conversation stopper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 12-year-old told Luna-Herrera she had considered hurting herself. “Is that a recurring thought?” he asked, recalling how his heart started racing as she revealed her suicide plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like CPR first-aid training, the course teaches how to handle a crisis: Raise the alarm and get expert help. Do not leave a person contemplating suicide alone. As Luna-Herrera continued talking to the girl, he texted his school superintendent, who got the principal on the line. They called 911 and police rushed to the home, where they spoke to the girl and her mother, who was startled and unaware.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“He absolutely saved that child’s life,” said Mojave Unified Superintendent Katherine Aguirre, who oversees the district of about 3,000 students, the majority of whom are Latino and Black children from economically disadvantaged families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguirre recognized the need for behavioral health training early in the pandemic and through the Department of Education trained all of her employees, from teachers to yard supervisors and cafeteria workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's about awareness. And that Sandy Hook promise: If you see something, say something,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That did not happen with 14-year-old Taya Bruell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taya was a bright student who had started struggling with mental health issues at about 11, according to her father, Harry Bruell. At the time, the family lived in Boulder, Colorado, where Taya was hospitalized at one point for psychiatric care but kept up the trappings of a model student: She got straight A's, was co-leader of her high school writing club and in her spare time taught senior citizens to use computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a literature class, Taya was assigned to keep a journal. In it, she drew a disturbing portrait that showed self-harm and wrote about how much she hated her body and was hearing voices she wanted to silence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her teacher read the assignment and wrote: “Taya, very thorough journal. I loved reading the entries. A+.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three months later, in February 2016, Taya killed herself. After her death, Taya’s parents discovered the journal in her room and brought it to the school, where they learned Taya’s teacher had not informed the school counselor or administrators of what she had seen. They don’t blame the teacher but will always wonder what would have happened if she had not ignored the signs of danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think the teacher wanted to hurt our daughter. I think she had no idea what to do when she read those stark warning signs in Taya’s journal,” said her father, who has since relocated with the family to Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes legislation to require teacher training in behavioral health will save lives: “It teaches you to raise the alarm, and not just walk away, which is what happened to Taya.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you or someone you know is having suicidal thoughts, reach out for help. The \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/\">\u003cem>National Suicide Prevention Lifeline\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is open 24 hours a day at (800) 273-8255.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "When Parents Melt Down, This School Hires a Coach to Help Them",
"title": "When Parents Melt Down, This School Hires a Coach to Help Them",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keana Reece always makes sure she is last in line when she drops off her 4-year-old son, Tyran, at preschool, so she can minimize the trauma of handing him off to his teacher. As she leads him in by the hand, she gives him the pep talk.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Remember: My name is Tyran. I am loved. I am worthy. And I'm highly intelligent. Got it?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tyran has nonverbal autism, so Reece has come to intuit his every gesture and sound. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Early signs of autism can appear in children during their first two years of life, with\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/autism-spectrum-disorder-communication-problems-children\"> some children becoming verbal as they grow older\u003c/a>. Reece is wearing her “I Love Someone With Autism” T-shirt as she walks up to the classroom door. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“You know the drill. Big boys on one side of the door, mommies on the other,” Reece tells him. Tyran starts to cry as he’s led in, and Reece turns away. \"This is the hardest part of my day,\" she admits.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reece brings her son here in the afternoons to a special education preschool at the Hayward Unified School District’s Student Information and Assessment Center (SIAC). But she often feels like it's hard to get the school to respond to what she knows is best for her son. \u003c/span>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Keana Reece, parent\"]'It's a ton of work, but it's either do the work or let him fall under the bridge. It's the educational system.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I talk to the teacher maybe two minutes a week. They take him in. They bring him out. I don't know what he's learning. I don't know anything,” Reece said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When the Hayward school district seemed to give her the runaround on buying a new electronic PECS board — a speech tablet that would make it easier for Tyran to communicate — she saved up and sacrificed to buy one herself. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When she learned the preschool wouldn’t do inclusion, where Tyran could be with children who did not have disabilities, she began looking for one that would. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It's disheartening because I know who he is, I know what he's capable of. When I look at him, I see greatness,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It's a ton of work, but it's either do the work or let him fall under the bridge. It's the educational system. I just don't know how to navigate the system, and it's overwhelming.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That kind of stress can take a toll.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I was so involved in Tyran and making sure our time was together and making sure the house was together, making sure my husband was together. That Keana was falling by the wayside, and some days it was four or five o'clock and I realized I hadn't eaten anything all day,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11909837\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Four children are climbing on a playground structure outside.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kids play at The Primary School East Bay on Oct. 13, 2021. Children with health care needs are seen by Kaiser medical staff who coordinate solutions with teachers and parents. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parenting during the pandemic has been rough on a lot of families. According to research done by \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.626456/full\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Frontiers in Psychiatry\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, parents reported increased stress due to difficulty in parenting, with 1 in 5 reporting high stress over the course of the pandemic. Children's resulting social and emotional issues have been showing up inside school classrooms. But while \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908813/california-to-funnel-billions-into-mental-health-resources-for-young-people-but-will-it-come-soon-enough\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908813/california-to-funnel-billions-into-mental-health-resources-for-young-people-but-will-it-come-soon-enough\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">billions in pandemic tax dollars\u003c/a> have been allocated to help schools with kids’ mental health, little has been done for parents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It took Reece finding a new preschool to get the help she needed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reece has a trusting relationship with her pediatrician at the Kaiser Hayward-Sleepy Hollow medical clinic. So when she got an email from him about a new public preschool that Kaiser physicians were helping design, she was intrigued.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What she found was a place where she would get to be part of Tyran’s education, and where school staff would treat her as an equal partner. They would also give her a personal coach who would check in with her biweekly.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If there's something at school that I just can't talk to the teacher about or I don't know who to go to, I can call Diane,” said Reece. “‘Hey, this is my problem, what do I do?’ And if it's something that I just can't bring up, she'll say, ‘I'll talk to them.’ So by the time they come to me, the issue was already brought out and the awkwardness of the situation has been taken away. It is pretty amazing.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The publicly funded preschool, called The Primary School East Bay, costs Reece nothing. The school prioritizes families who qualify based on income and enrolls them on a rolling basis when spots are available. Reece can also still keep Tyran in the traditional public school special education class in the afternoons, giving her full-day preschool. This allows her to keep her payroll job at the city of Oakland, though it means shuttling Tyran between schools during her lunch hour.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There was something else about this new school that appealed to her: It would have Kaiser medical staff on campus twice a week.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inside the school, Dr. Paul Espinas points out two medical assistants and a nurse, all Kaiser staff, working outside at tables in the school’s grassy playground. Espinas is a Kaiser pediatrician and medical director at the preschool, which means he meets weekly with school staff to coordinate care for kids and their families.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We should honor the work that school nurses have done in the area. We should honor the work that our school-based health clinics have done. But I feel like a lot of families are still trapped, trapped ping-ponging between different organizations within their community,” said Espinas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Espinas had seen parents struggling to navigate the health care system, describing times when he’d screen a child for a developmental issue and make a referral, and the parent wouldn’t follow up.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“And if they don't make it, and I see them a year later still needing speech therapy or the speech, the speech problems are worse. Like, I feel like that's a systems fail on our part,” said Espinas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Espinas says the clinic’s doctors work directly with teachers at the school to help parents schedule appointments, make sure families bring kids in for vaccines, or get the asthma medication they need. He said the teachers’ role in helping reach out to parents is pivotal, and called the intensive team effort unique.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If we get this model right, other systems hopefully will replicate it. Other Kaisers, other big health systems,” said Espinas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reece says the coordination takes stress off her. “I don't have a medical background and I don't have an educational background, either,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When teachers at Hayward’s district-run preschool sends her to Tyran’s pediatrician to get more information about what Tyran needs, by the time she gets back to the school with the information, she has it confused. She said, \"I have answers, but I'm sure they're not as accurate as my Kaiser physician saying, 'I'll let the school know.'\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because Kaiser staff communicate directly with The Primary School East Bay, now when Reece shows up at the school, teachers already have information her doctor has sent them, and she can sit down with staff to discuss next steps to best assist Tyran.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers are also benefiting. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Remember last year during COVID? I didn't necessarily have to come up with a health plan. Our on-site doctor did,” explained Denise Laney, lead teacher at the school.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“As a teacher, I have had students come into my classroom with not the appropriate attire for the weather. I've had students that come in complaining of hunger. I've had families say, 'Hey, I know that my student needs glasses, but I can't afford it.' I know that someone's been complaining, their tooth hurting, but I'm not sure what to do, and we have resources for all of that.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Having health care staff on site also allows these early childhood educators to remain focused on teaching and creating a respectful way of including and engaging parents in how to best support their kids.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“So that we really are able to learn to not just assume things, but to ask a lot of open-ended questions,” said Natasha Hall-Sevilla, manager of parent wellness coaching. “To really learn and understand what our families are going through so that we can change ourselves, and change how we show up for families.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All this can mean extra hours for teachers. But Laney says teachers like her are getting paid more than the norm for early childhood educators who have long complained about being undervalued. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are only 48 children enrolled in The Primary School East Bay — three classrooms each with two teachers and a total staff of 15. So far, the estimated cost of the state-funded preschool is about $20,000 per child, with some of that coming from philanthropy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While there are other schools nationwide educators cite as the models they used to develop The Primary School East Bay, including the privately funded The Primary School in East Palo Alto, the East Bay school operates using state tax dollars. As it adds grades, it hopes to prove this kind of intensive wraparound support for families with public funding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11909836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Children and adults sit on the floor in a classroom.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children gather around an instructor while Tyran is cradled by his applied behavior analysis therapist, to be part of a regular preschool class at The Primary School East Bay. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California is investing a historic $3 billion over the next five years to expand the community schools model. The goal is to make high-poverty schools into one-stop shops, serving students' social and emotional needs and, by extension, the needs of their families. The state is investing an additional $1 billion to help schools provide mental health services through partnerships with community health organizations. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Courtney Garcia oversees both The Primary School locations, and says public systems are not currently set up for different agencies to coordinate seamlessly and in a family-centered way, which complicates caregivers’ lives.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Parents really express, many of them, isolation, overwhelm and so many stressors that can make it really difficult for them to reach out and seek help, can make it difficult for them to overcome barriers to accessing resources that are there to serve their child and to serve their family in many cases,” Garcia said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Garcia points out that for children and families in Alameda who qualify for Medi-Cal, only 43% of children are having their annual preventive checkups. At The Primary School East Bay, 100% of students have had those checkups in the past year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kaiser Permanente calls this integrated care between its medical staff and the school staff promising, though it wouldn’t say what share of the costs it was carrying. If Kaiser Permanente, one of California’s largest health care providers, were to supply medical staff to public schools, it could be a game changer.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This kind of coordination between her local health clinic and her school does take some stress out of Reece’s life, but not all of it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When things get overwhelming, she turns to the parent coach hired by the school to focus on her well-being. The coach works with 40 to 50 parents. Hall-Sevilla, the parent coach coordinator, says coaches work on parent wellness, nutrition and stress management.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“And I'll say, 'Oh, my gosh, it sounds like you are really stressed out. I can hear and sense the stress in your voice. Would you be OK to take a breath with me?' And so we stop and we take a deep breath, and then they're able to continue on,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Coaches also guide parents and guardians toward reaching their own goals, checking in every two weeks. Reece and other parents also are part of a monthly wellness group of parents who support one another.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before they found The Primary School East Bay, Reece and her husband talked about her homeschooling Tyran, even though it would have meant giving up her job. They both decided Tyran’s needs have to come first.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“In my mind now, I don’t care if he's autistic, he's still going to grow up, he's still going to get married, he's still going to have kids … he's still, you know, he's still going to be a force to reckon with in this world,” she said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reece has worked hard to get Tyran into the right preschool where she believes he can thrive. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now she just has to find the right place for him to go to kindergarten.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keana Reece always makes sure she is last in line when she drops off her 4-year-old son, Tyran, at preschool, so she can minimize the trauma of handing him off to his teacher. As she leads him in by the hand, she gives him the pep talk.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Remember: My name is Tyran. I am loved. I am worthy. And I'm highly intelligent. Got it?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tyran has nonverbal autism, so Reece has come to intuit his every gesture and sound. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Early signs of autism can appear in children during their first two years of life, with\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/autism-spectrum-disorder-communication-problems-children\"> some children becoming verbal as they grow older\u003c/a>. Reece is wearing her “I Love Someone With Autism” T-shirt as she walks up to the classroom door. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“You know the drill. Big boys on one side of the door, mommies on the other,” Reece tells him. Tyran starts to cry as he’s led in, and Reece turns away. \"This is the hardest part of my day,\" she admits.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reece brings her son here in the afternoons to a special education preschool at the Hayward Unified School District’s Student Information and Assessment Center (SIAC). But she often feels like it's hard to get the school to respond to what she knows is best for her son. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I talk to the teacher maybe two minutes a week. They take him in. They bring him out. I don't know what he's learning. I don't know anything,” Reece said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When the Hayward school district seemed to give her the runaround on buying a new electronic PECS board — a speech tablet that would make it easier for Tyran to communicate — she saved up and sacrificed to buy one herself. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When she learned the preschool wouldn’t do inclusion, where Tyran could be with children who did not have disabilities, she began looking for one that would. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It's disheartening because I know who he is, I know what he's capable of. When I look at him, I see greatness,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It's a ton of work, but it's either do the work or let him fall under the bridge. It's the educational system. I just don't know how to navigate the system, and it's overwhelming.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That kind of stress can take a toll.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I was so involved in Tyran and making sure our time was together and making sure the house was together, making sure my husband was together. That Keana was falling by the wayside, and some days it was four or five o'clock and I realized I hadn't eaten anything all day,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11909837\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Four children are climbing on a playground structure outside.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6352-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kids play at The Primary School East Bay on Oct. 13, 2021. Children with health care needs are seen by Kaiser medical staff who coordinate solutions with teachers and parents. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parenting during the pandemic has been rough on a lot of families. According to research done by \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.626456/full\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Frontiers in Psychiatry\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, parents reported increased stress due to difficulty in parenting, with 1 in 5 reporting high stress over the course of the pandemic. Children's resulting social and emotional issues have been showing up inside school classrooms. But while \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908813/california-to-funnel-billions-into-mental-health-resources-for-young-people-but-will-it-come-soon-enough\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908813/california-to-funnel-billions-into-mental-health-resources-for-young-people-but-will-it-come-soon-enough\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">billions in pandemic tax dollars\u003c/a> have been allocated to help schools with kids’ mental health, little has been done for parents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It took Reece finding a new preschool to get the help she needed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reece has a trusting relationship with her pediatrician at the Kaiser Hayward-Sleepy Hollow medical clinic. So when she got an email from him about a new public preschool that Kaiser physicians were helping design, she was intrigued.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What she found was a place where she would get to be part of Tyran’s education, and where school staff would treat her as an equal partner. They would also give her a personal coach who would check in with her biweekly.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If there's something at school that I just can't talk to the teacher about or I don't know who to go to, I can call Diane,” said Reece. “‘Hey, this is my problem, what do I do?’ And if it's something that I just can't bring up, she'll say, ‘I'll talk to them.’ So by the time they come to me, the issue was already brought out and the awkwardness of the situation has been taken away. It is pretty amazing.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The publicly funded preschool, called The Primary School East Bay, costs Reece nothing. The school prioritizes families who qualify based on income and enrolls them on a rolling basis when spots are available. Reece can also still keep Tyran in the traditional public school special education class in the afternoons, giving her full-day preschool. This allows her to keep her payroll job at the city of Oakland, though it means shuttling Tyran between schools during her lunch hour.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There was something else about this new school that appealed to her: It would have Kaiser medical staff on campus twice a week.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inside the school, Dr. Paul Espinas points out two medical assistants and a nurse, all Kaiser staff, working outside at tables in the school’s grassy playground. Espinas is a Kaiser pediatrician and medical director at the preschool, which means he meets weekly with school staff to coordinate care for kids and their families.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We should honor the work that school nurses have done in the area. We should honor the work that our school-based health clinics have done. But I feel like a lot of families are still trapped, trapped ping-ponging between different organizations within their community,” said Espinas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Espinas had seen parents struggling to navigate the health care system, describing times when he’d screen a child for a developmental issue and make a referral, and the parent wouldn’t follow up.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“And if they don't make it, and I see them a year later still needing speech therapy or the speech, the speech problems are worse. Like, I feel like that's a systems fail on our part,” said Espinas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Espinas says the clinic’s doctors work directly with teachers at the school to help parents schedule appointments, make sure families bring kids in for vaccines, or get the asthma medication they need. He said the teachers’ role in helping reach out to parents is pivotal, and called the intensive team effort unique.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If we get this model right, other systems hopefully will replicate it. Other Kaisers, other big health systems,” said Espinas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reece says the coordination takes stress off her. “I don't have a medical background and I don't have an educational background, either,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When teachers at Hayward’s district-run preschool sends her to Tyran’s pediatrician to get more information about what Tyran needs, by the time she gets back to the school with the information, she has it confused. She said, \"I have answers, but I'm sure they're not as accurate as my Kaiser physician saying, 'I'll let the school know.'\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because Kaiser staff communicate directly with The Primary School East Bay, now when Reece shows up at the school, teachers already have information her doctor has sent them, and she can sit down with staff to discuss next steps to best assist Tyran.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers are also benefiting. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Remember last year during COVID? I didn't necessarily have to come up with a health plan. Our on-site doctor did,” explained Denise Laney, lead teacher at the school.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“As a teacher, I have had students come into my classroom with not the appropriate attire for the weather. I've had students that come in complaining of hunger. I've had families say, 'Hey, I know that my student needs glasses, but I can't afford it.' I know that someone's been complaining, their tooth hurting, but I'm not sure what to do, and we have resources for all of that.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Having health care staff on site also allows these early childhood educators to remain focused on teaching and creating a respectful way of including and engaging parents in how to best support their kids.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“So that we really are able to learn to not just assume things, but to ask a lot of open-ended questions,” said Natasha Hall-Sevilla, manager of parent wellness coaching. “To really learn and understand what our families are going through so that we can change ourselves, and change how we show up for families.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All this can mean extra hours for teachers. But Laney says teachers like her are getting paid more than the norm for early childhood educators who have long complained about being undervalued. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are only 48 children enrolled in The Primary School East Bay — three classrooms each with two teachers and a total staff of 15. So far, the estimated cost of the state-funded preschool is about $20,000 per child, with some of that coming from philanthropy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While there are other schools nationwide educators cite as the models they used to develop The Primary School East Bay, including the privately funded The Primary School in East Palo Alto, the East Bay school operates using state tax dollars. As it adds grades, it hopes to prove this kind of intensive wraparound support for families with public funding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11909836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Children and adults sit on the floor in a classroom.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_6346-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children gather around an instructor while Tyran is cradled by his applied behavior analysis therapist, to be part of a regular preschool class at The Primary School East Bay. \u003ccite>(Julia McEvoy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California is investing a historic $3 billion over the next five years to expand the community schools model. The goal is to make high-poverty schools into one-stop shops, serving students' social and emotional needs and, by extension, the needs of their families. The state is investing an additional $1 billion to help schools provide mental health services through partnerships with community health organizations. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Courtney Garcia oversees both The Primary School locations, and says public systems are not currently set up for different agencies to coordinate seamlessly and in a family-centered way, which complicates caregivers’ lives.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Parents really express, many of them, isolation, overwhelm and so many stressors that can make it really difficult for them to reach out and seek help, can make it difficult for them to overcome barriers to accessing resources that are there to serve their child and to serve their family in many cases,” Garcia said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Garcia points out that for children and families in Alameda who qualify for Medi-Cal, only 43% of children are having their annual preventive checkups. At The Primary School East Bay, 100% of students have had those checkups in the past year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kaiser Permanente calls this integrated care between its medical staff and the school staff promising, though it wouldn’t say what share of the costs it was carrying. If Kaiser Permanente, one of California’s largest health care providers, were to supply medical staff to public schools, it could be a game changer.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This kind of coordination between her local health clinic and her school does take some stress out of Reece’s life, but not all of it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When things get overwhelming, she turns to the parent coach hired by the school to focus on her well-being. The coach works with 40 to 50 parents. Hall-Sevilla, the parent coach coordinator, says coaches work on parent wellness, nutrition and stress management.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“And I'll say, 'Oh, my gosh, it sounds like you are really stressed out. I can hear and sense the stress in your voice. Would you be OK to take a breath with me?' And so we stop and we take a deep breath, and then they're able to continue on,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Coaches also guide parents and guardians toward reaching their own goals, checking in every two weeks. Reece and other parents also are part of a monthly wellness group of parents who support one another.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before they found The Primary School East Bay, Reece and her husband talked about her homeschooling Tyran, even though it would have meant giving up her job. They both decided Tyran’s needs have to come first.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“In my mind now, I don’t care if he's autistic, he's still going to grow up, he's still going to get married, he's still going to have kids … he's still, you know, he's still going to be a force to reckon with in this world,” she said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reece has worked hard to get Tyran into the right preschool where she believes he can thrive. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now she just has to find the right place for him to go to kindergarten.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A group of San Francisco teachers rolled up their sleeping bags and headed home Thursday, ending a four-day sit-in, after union and district officials reached an agreement to fix recent payroll problems that shortchanged more than 1,000 educators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the deal with the teachers union, which had threatened a class-action lawsuit over the lost wages, the San Francisco Unified School District agreed to fully compensate all teachers who are still owed money by today (Friday, March 18) and pledged to fix any future payroll errors within three business days of being reported — or “pay the employee the balance owed plus 15% interest per annum.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Kyle Prince, ethnic studies teacher, Burton High School\"]‘It seems to me that now on top of dealing with the pandemic, on top of everything else — a changing world landscape — that I now have to audit my check. You have to be vigilant.’[/pullquote]The district said it has already addressed more than 90% of the 1,000 cases reported, and was working to resolve the remaining 59 by end of day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district also promised to retroactively cover associated expenses resulting from missed payments — such as late fees for credit card or mortgage payments or bills due to lapsed insurance — and to fix an error that prevented teachers from collecting their COVID sick pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We remain committed to ensuring every staff member receives all of the pay they are owed,” Superintendent Vincent Matthews said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school board must still approve the agreement at its meeting scheduled for next Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do feel good about this agreement and that we don’t have to drag out a long process in court,” said Cassondra Curiel, president of the United Educators of San Francisco, which represents some 6,500 teachers. “We know that we’ve secured an agreement for a penalty that incentivizes the district to move with absolute urgency to fix this, and that penalties will be incurred.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The payment issues stem from the district’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11907979/sf-school-district-apologizes-for-not-paying-underpaying-hundreds-of-teachers-but-the-problem-persists\">rocky transition to a new payroll system\u003c/a> launched in early January — at a cost of nearly $14 million — replacing an antiquated system it had been using for nearly two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those errors prompted some 20 teachers and their supporters to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908196/sfusd-teachers-protest-missed-paychecks-and-payroll-glitches-at-headquarters-overnight\">occupy the third floor of district headquarters\u003c/a> on Monday to pressure officials to immediately compensate teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have exhausted our patience,” Curiel said on Monday. “Folks like to say teachers are heroes and angels. We are people. We are parents. We are renters. We are roommates and we are workers. We are professionals. And we must be paid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Addressing protesters that evening, district Superintendent Vincent Matthews profusely apologized for the errors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have failed you,” Matthews said. “There is no way that any of you should have had to come down here with sleeping bags to say, ‘Pay us.’ That just shouldn’t happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthews said he directed the district’s chief technology officer to oversee the issue and — at least temporarily — quadrupled the number of staff in the payroll department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While union officials called Thursday’s deal a win, a number of teachers had yet to be paid as of Thursday evening.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"sfusd\"]Linh Gee, a 12th grade English teacher at Phillip and Sala Burton Academic High School, said she was relieved to hear about the deal, but is still waiting on nearly $4,500 in back pay, and had doubts of receiving it anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not holding my breath,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kyle Prince, who teaches ethnic studies at Burton High, said he also was owed about $4,500 for additional hours he worked teaching in the district’s online school. He received $1,200 of that this week, he said, and continues to constantly check his bank account for the balance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that’s what’s most frustrating,” he said. “It seems to me that now on top of dealing with the pandemic, on top of everything else — a changing world landscape — that I now have to audit my check. You have to be vigilant. It is so much work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthews said once the district finished triaging the immediate crisis, it would begin investigating the more endemic issues that predate the rollout of the new system, including ongoing reports of taxes not being properly withdrawn and irregular payments for summer school hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Gadye, an English teacher at Herbert Hoover Middle School, said that despite the agreement, she and many of her colleagues remain concerned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing in the agreement about a payroll audit to address the major error that resulted in under-withholding for many employees for all of 2021,” Gadye said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some teachers, she said, are creating shared spreadsheets to document ongoing issues, and even hiring professional accountants to identify irregularities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Were our W4s altered? This predates [the new system], and the scale of it should be setting off alarm bells,” Gadye said. “I see no signs that SFUSD has the capacity or skill to deal with the mess.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Linh Gee, a 12th grade English teacher at Phillip and Sala Burton Academic High School, said she was relieved to hear about the deal, but is still waiting on nearly $4,500 in back pay, and had doubts of receiving it anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not holding my breath,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kyle Prince, who teaches ethnic studies at Burton High, said he also was owed about $4,500 for additional hours he worked teaching in the district’s online school. He received $1,200 of that this week, he said, and continues to constantly check his bank account for the balance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that’s what’s most frustrating,” he said. “It seems to me that now on top of dealing with the pandemic, on top of everything else — a changing world landscape — that I now have to audit my check. You have to be vigilant. It is so much work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthews said once the district finished triaging the immediate crisis, it would begin investigating the more endemic issues that predate the rollout of the new system, including ongoing reports of taxes not being properly withdrawn and irregular payments for summer school hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Gadye, an English teacher at Herbert Hoover Middle School, said that despite the agreement, she and many of her colleagues remain concerned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing in the agreement about a payroll audit to address the major error that resulted in under-withholding for many employees for all of 2021,” Gadye said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some teachers, she said, are creating shared spreadsheets to document ongoing issues, and even hiring professional accountants to identify irregularities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Were our W4s altered? This predates [the new system], and the scale of it should be setting off alarm bells,” Gadye said. “I see no signs that SFUSD has the capacity or skill to deal with the mess.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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