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From a design standpoint, it’s fair to say few people give it a second look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Charlie Faas, SJSU senior vice president of administration and finance']‘If we don’t solve the faculty staff housing issue, it’s going to be really hard to have classes and educate students.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This building is ugly,” said Charlie Faas, SJSU’s senior vice president of administration and finance. “This building is a three-story concrete pillar-type building that has a lot of open spaces inside, a lot of less-than-good utilization of the space, and it’s short.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agrees. In fact, California’s real estate division recommended that current tenants — like the Department of Public Health — move elsewhere so that the Alquist Building can be transferred to another state agency free of charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose State wants to be that agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Housing Help for Faculty Feeling the Squeeze\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Faas has big plans: parking, retail and several new residential towers, with up to 1,000 below-market-rate apartments for faculty and graduate students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"William Armaline, professor of sociology at SJSU\"]‘You work very hard on a professional degree … I’m a tenured professor. You expect at least to not live a fully precarious existence in terms of, you know, housing and food.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we don’t solve the faculty staff housing issue, it’s going to be really hard to have classes and educate students, and at the end of the day that’s what we’re about,” Faas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city has been named the hottest housing market in the country by Zillow two years in a row. The median rent is \u003ca href=\"https://www.zillow.com/san-jose-ca/home-values/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$3,500\u003c/a>. It can be difficult even for tenured professors to compete in that housing market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You work very hard on a professional degree or a doctorate and you work very hard to establish your career,” said SJSU sociology professor William Armaline. “I’m a tenured professor. You expect at least to not live a fully precarious existence in terms of, you know, housing and food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armaline and his wife, who works as a social worker, can’t afford to buy a house in San Jose. They rent a condo about 2 miles from campus. They got a good deal on the rent, and the landlord hasn’t asked for market rate in seven years. But it’s a tight squeeze for the couple, their foster daughter and their foster grandkid. And it’s in need of some serious updates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re in the kind of situation that we’re in, and I think many others are in, you basically start fixing everything yourself and seeing which you can live with,” Armaline said. “Because, you know, you’re really only living at the generosity of that landlord, who quite frankly has a great deal more interest in getting rid of you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>But What About Homeless Students?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But faculty and staff should not be the school’s only priority, according to Mayra Bernabe of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/shasjsu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Student Homeless Alliance\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Student Homelessness\" tag=\"student-homelessness\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www2.calstate.edu/impact-of-the-csu/student-success/basic-needs-initiative/Documents/BasicNeedsStudy_phaseII_withAccessibilityComments.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A 2018 survey\u003c/a> found that roughly 13 percent of San Jose State students experienced homelessness in the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our students cannot go through their four years plus without the basic needs. And that’s, you know, food and housing,” Bernabe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some homeless students spend the night in San Jose State’s 24-hour library. Juan Marrufo, who just graduated from San Jose State, used to sleep there sometimes between shifts at his part-time job and classes. He says you don’t get good sleep there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have my backpack around my arms because I was afraid that somebody might steal my backpack or my information,” Marrufo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alliance is asking that 20 percent of Faas’ planned units be affordable for very low-income and extremely low-income students. But even if he agrees, it would be several years before anyone gets a door key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Ash Kalra helped put a $250,000 allocation to San Jose State into the California general budget to help the university create a development plan. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www2.calstate.edu/impact-of-the-csu/student-success/basic-needs-initiative/Documents/BasicNeedsStudy_phaseII_withAccessibilityComments.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A 2018 survey\u003c/a> found that roughly 13 percent of San Jose State students experienced homelessness in the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our students cannot go through their four years plus without the basic needs. And that’s, you know, food and housing,” Bernabe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some homeless students spend the night in San Jose State’s 24-hour library. Juan Marrufo, who just graduated from San Jose State, used to sleep there sometimes between shifts at his part-time job and classes. He says you don’t get good sleep there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have my backpack around my arms because I was afraid that somebody might steal my backpack or my information,” Marrufo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alliance is asking that 20 percent of Faas’ planned units be affordable for very low-income and extremely low-income students. But even if he agrees, it would be several years before anyone gets a door key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Ash Kalra helped put a $250,000 allocation to San Jose State into the California general budget to help the university create a development plan. It would need to be approved by the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a win for the state, a win for San Jose State University and certainly a win for the city of San Jose, ultimately benefiting students in need,” Kalra said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What Happens Next?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Jose State will deliver its plans for the project to the state. California’s Department of General Services will evaluate SJSU’s plans, and make a decision on the Alquist building’s fate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The] decision would be guided by what is in the state’s best interest,” said Jennifer Lida, a Dept. of General Services spokesperson in an email to KQED. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it’s a balance of any number of factors, including: our authority; state needs, such as housing; our fiduciary responsibility; the tenant department’s needs; the constituents of the tenant departments and other state agency needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Here at KQED, we’re big believers in the value of internships. \u003ca href=\"https://www.marketplace.org/\">\u003cem>Marketplace\u003c/em>‘\u003c/a>s Kai Ryssdal got his start in public radio with a KQED News internship. Holly Kernan, KQED’s own head of content, started as an intern on our daily \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To mark \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalinternday.com/\">National Intern Day\u003c/a> (which, we should note, was created in 2017 by recruiting company \u003ca href=\"https://www.wayup.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WayUp\u003c/a>), we asked current KQED interns and staff who got their start here for tips on truly making the most of an internship — or any new professional opportunity, for that matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nia Patrick, current KQED Arts intern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763506\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763506\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1340\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia-800x564.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia-1020x719.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia-1200x846.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KQED Arts intern Nia Patrick\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Try to challenge yourself by taking on tasks you’ve never done before. Get out of your comfort zone!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/aehsanipour\">Asal Ehsanipour\u003c/a>, current California Report Magazine intern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763525\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763525\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1425\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Asal Ehsanipour, The California Report Magazine intern\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Bring ideas to the table with confidence! You’re here to learn, but you were also hired for your relevant experience, story ideas, and, other contributions that’ll enhance the work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dkatayama\">Devin Katayama\u003c/a>, host of KQED News’s podcast \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">The Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/em> (interned here in 2010), pictured here with The Bay’s Erika Aguilar and Ericka Cruz Guevarra (interned here in 2015), and their intern, Theresa Wu\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763507\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763507\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1585\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay-160x132.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay-800x660.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay-1020x842.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay-1200x991.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay’s Devin Katayama with Erika Aguilar, Ericka Cruz Guevarra and Theresa Wu\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Assert yourself and go get what you want!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmarzorati\">Guy Marzorati\u003c/a>, Politics and Government reporter/producer with KQED News (interned here in 2013)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763509\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763509\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1294\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy-160x108.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy-800x539.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy-1020x687.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy-1200x809.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Guy Marzorati of KQED News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Become a go-to person for something — even something small.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oscar Tejada, current \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/\">KQED Education\u003c/a> intern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763516\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11763516 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1242\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar.png 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar-160x105.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar-800x523.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar-1020x667.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar-1200x784.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oscar Tejada, KQED Education intern\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Find a mentor and develop meaningful relationships with your coworkers. This will make a huge difference in the future! Also, try to take on projects that will challenge you. Even if they seem scary at first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/shutson\">Sonja Hutson\u003c/a>, reporter, producer and editor for KQED News and The California Report (interned here in 2016)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763513\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763513\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja-800x611.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja-1020x778.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja-1200x916.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sonja Hutson of KQED News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Ask for work. You’ll be surprised what people will let you do!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Won, current KQED Food intern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763515\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763515\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1385\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia-160x117.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia-800x583.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia-1020x744.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia-1200x875.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Olivia Won, KQED Food intern\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Bring your full, authentic self to the work that you do! Your story and experience matter and even as an intern, you deserve to be a part of the conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jeremysiegel\">Jeremy Siegel\u003c/a>, weekend afternoon news anchor for KQED (interned here in 2015)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763526\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763526\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey-800x537.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey-1020x685.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey-1200x806.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Weekend news anchor Jeremy Siegel\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Keep an open mind about what you’re interested in. I wanted to be a film critic — now I’m covering wildfires. You never know what you’re going to end up loving doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Interested in a paid internship at KQED? We offer intern opportunities twice a year for a period of about six months each in a wide variety of different departments, ranging from News to Science, from TV, Education, Marketing, Design and Arts to Corporate Sponsorship. Learn more \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/about/internships/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Here at KQED, we’re big believers in the value of internships. \u003ca href=\"https://www.marketplace.org/\">\u003cem>Marketplace\u003c/em>‘\u003c/a>s Kai Ryssdal got his start in public radio with a KQED News internship. Holly Kernan, KQED’s own head of content, started as an intern on our daily \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To mark \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalinternday.com/\">National Intern Day\u003c/a> (which, we should note, was created in 2017 by recruiting company \u003ca href=\"https://www.wayup.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WayUp\u003c/a>), we asked current KQED interns and staff who got their start here for tips on truly making the most of an internship — or any new professional opportunity, for that matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nia Patrick, current KQED Arts intern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763506\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763506\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1340\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia-800x564.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia-1020x719.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Nia-1200x846.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KQED Arts intern Nia Patrick\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Try to challenge yourself by taking on tasks you’ve never done before. Get out of your comfort zone!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/aehsanipour\">Asal Ehsanipour\u003c/a>, current California Report Magazine intern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763525\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763525\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1425\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Asal-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Asal Ehsanipour, The California Report Magazine intern\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Bring ideas to the table with confidence! You’re here to learn, but you were also hired for your relevant experience, story ideas, and, other contributions that’ll enhance the work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dkatayama\">Devin Katayama\u003c/a>, host of KQED News’s podcast \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">The Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/em> (interned here in 2010), pictured here with The Bay’s Erika Aguilar and Ericka Cruz Guevarra (interned here in 2015), and their intern, Theresa Wu\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763507\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763507\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1585\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay-160x132.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay-800x660.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay-1020x842.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Bay-1200x991.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay’s Devin Katayama with Erika Aguilar, Ericka Cruz Guevarra and Theresa Wu\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Assert yourself and go get what you want!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmarzorati\">Guy Marzorati\u003c/a>, Politics and Government reporter/producer with KQED News (interned here in 2013)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763509\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763509\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1294\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy-160x108.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy-800x539.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy-1020x687.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Guy-1200x809.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Guy Marzorati of KQED News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Become a go-to person for something — even something small.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oscar Tejada, current \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/\">KQED Education\u003c/a> intern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763516\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11763516 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1242\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar.png 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar-160x105.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar-800x523.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar-1020x667.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Oscar-1200x784.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oscar Tejada, KQED Education intern\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Find a mentor and develop meaningful relationships with your coworkers. This will make a huge difference in the future! Also, try to take on projects that will challenge you. Even if they seem scary at first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/shutson\">Sonja Hutson\u003c/a>, reporter, producer and editor for KQED News and The California Report (interned here in 2016)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763513\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763513\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja-800x611.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja-1020x778.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Sonja-1200x916.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sonja Hutson of KQED News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Ask for work. You’ll be surprised what people will let you do!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Won, current KQED Food intern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763515\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763515\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1385\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia-160x117.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia-800x583.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia-1020x744.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Olivia-1200x875.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Olivia Won, KQED Food intern\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Bring your full, authentic self to the work that you do! Your story and experience matter and even as an intern, you deserve to be a part of the conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jeremysiegel\">Jeremy Siegel\u003c/a>, weekend afternoon news anchor for KQED (interned here in 2015)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763526\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763526\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey-800x537.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey-1020x685.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Jermey-1200x806.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Weekend news anchor Jeremy Siegel\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tip: “Keep an open mind about what you’re interested in. I wanted to be a film critic — now I’m covering wildfires. You never know what you’re going to end up loving doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Interested in a paid internship at KQED? We offer intern opportunities twice a year for a period of about six months each in a wide variety of different departments, ranging from News to Science, from TV, Education, Marketing, Design and Arts to Corporate Sponsorship. Learn more \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/about/internships/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Report: California Parents Can't Afford to Pay More for Child Care – Workers Can't Make a Living",
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"content": "\u003cp>Child care provider Pat Alexander has been in the industry for nearly 50 years. She and her husband currently run an in-home child care center outside Sacramento. And still, after all these years, she’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11754857/they-may-be-in-demand-but-child-care-workers-still-struggle-to-make-ends-meet\">barely making ends meet\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After our deductions and our business expenses, our salary was close to $24,000 for two of us,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Elise Gould, co-author of a new report on early child care and education costs']‘Early educators are expected to underwrite the costs of the broken child care system with their low wages.’[/pullquote]Alexander’s situation is the norm, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/170307/pre/b7a9a323f03a5d02bff17f258fc64fab44fb4a0bd8342c52d63545374f944a02/\">new report\u003c/a> released Tuesday from the Economic Policy Institute and UC Berkeley’s Center for the Study of Child Care Employment. Overall, the report finds California’s early educators are six times as likely as K–12 teachers to live in poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents want to have high quality for their kids but they often can’t afford it,” said Elise Gould, who co-authored the report. “And the other side of that is early educators are expected to underwrite the costs of the broken child care system with their low wages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The economics of the system don’t add up. For example, Alexander currently charges about $600 a month for care. She can’t charge more because she needs to stay competitive. But that means she can’t afford to hire an assistant or pay herself for all the hours she spends planning lessons, shopping for supplies and cleaning up after the kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould said child care centers face cost burdens as well — including for renting the space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Pat Alexander, who runs a child care center in Elk Grove with her husband']‘After our deductions and our business expenses, our salary was close to $24,000 for two of us.’[/pullquote]“You need to staff a center for as long as it takes for parents to be able to drop off their kids, then transport themselves to work, work their full day, and then be able to get back and pick up their kids at the end of the day,” she said, which can add up to a 12-hour day for child care workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents face their own economic challenges, too. The report finds center-based infant care costs the typical family in the state 25% of their annual income. The average fee for full-time child care in California ranges from $11,200 a year for a 4-year-old to $16,500 a year for an infant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='child-care' label='Related Coverage']Gould and her co-authors suggested that lawmakers overhaul the child care system. They recommend funding professional development for early education teachers and paying them in line with what K-12 teachers make. Incorporating those changes, and others, would cost money. The report estimates a revamped system would cost between about $30 billion and $75 billion a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Letting the system continue as it is hurts everyone, Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If teachers aren’t doing well, if they’re experiencing stress because of their low pay, then that’s going to factor into the quality (of care) that those children are getting,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Gould points out the early childhood workforce is largely made up of women, who she said are undervalued for the work they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that there’s an undervaluing in terms of the teaching of young children. Undervaluing of what has been historically women’s work — historically women of color doing that work,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature is considering several bills aimed at improving the early child care system. The legislation includes an effort \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB378\">to let in-home providers unionize\u003c/a>, and requiring \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB123\">more training\u003c/a> for child care workers.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Child care provider Pat Alexander has been in the industry for nearly 50 years. She and her husband currently run an in-home child care center outside Sacramento. And still, after all these years, she’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11754857/they-may-be-in-demand-but-child-care-workers-still-struggle-to-make-ends-meet\">barely making ends meet\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After our deductions and our business expenses, our salary was close to $24,000 for two of us,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Alexander’s situation is the norm, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/170307/pre/b7a9a323f03a5d02bff17f258fc64fab44fb4a0bd8342c52d63545374f944a02/\">new report\u003c/a> released Tuesday from the Economic Policy Institute and UC Berkeley’s Center for the Study of Child Care Employment. Overall, the report finds California’s early educators are six times as likely as K–12 teachers to live in poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents want to have high quality for their kids but they often can’t afford it,” said Elise Gould, who co-authored the report. “And the other side of that is early educators are expected to underwrite the costs of the broken child care system with their low wages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The economics of the system don’t add up. For example, Alexander currently charges about $600 a month for care. She can’t charge more because she needs to stay competitive. But that means she can’t afford to hire an assistant or pay herself for all the hours she spends planning lessons, shopping for supplies and cleaning up after the kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“You need to staff a center for as long as it takes for parents to be able to drop off their kids, then transport themselves to work, work their full day, and then be able to get back and pick up their kids at the end of the day,” she said, which can add up to a 12-hour day for child care workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents face their own economic challenges, too. The report finds center-based infant care costs the typical family in the state 25% of their annual income. The average fee for full-time child care in California ranges from $11,200 a year for a 4-year-old to $16,500 a year for an infant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gould and her co-authors suggested that lawmakers overhaul the child care system. They recommend funding professional development for early education teachers and paying them in line with what K-12 teachers make. Incorporating those changes, and others, would cost money. The report estimates a revamped system would cost between about $30 billion and $75 billion a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Letting the system continue as it is hurts everyone, Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If teachers aren’t doing well, if they’re experiencing stress because of their low pay, then that’s going to factor into the quality (of care) that those children are getting,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Gould points out the early childhood workforce is largely made up of women, who she said are undervalued for the work they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that there’s an undervaluing in terms of the teaching of young children. Undervaluing of what has been historically women’s work — historically women of color doing that work,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature is considering several bills aimed at improving the early child care system. The legislation includes an effort \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB378\">to let in-home providers unionize\u003c/a>, and requiring \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB123\">more training\u003c/a> for child care workers.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "With Early Childhood Education on California’s Agenda, Preschool Teachers Ask Why ‘Cashiers at McDonalds’ Get Better Pay",
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"content": "\u003cp>Preschool teacher Lorena Gomez’s work days begin at 6:30 a.m. when she welcomes a dozen 3-year-olds into her classroom. Every day, Gomez spends nine hours standing, sitting and crouching at the height of a toddler, passing out snacks, overseeing playtimes and teaching tiny Californians their numbers, shapes, colors, letters, and social niceties. She marvels, she says, at how quickly they grow—that is, when she has time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her second and third jobs, as a rideshare driver and nanny, start as soon as class is dismissed at 3:30, and she works far into the evening to augment the $14 an hour she makes in early childhood education. Her chosen career, she says, just doesn’t pay enough for her to live in an increasingly costly Sacramento housing market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez is not alone: Across California, early childhood educators are paid so poorly that more than half of the workforce—mostly women of color—rely on \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/files/2018/06/2018-Index-California.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">public assistance\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s people who are cashiers at McDonalds that make more than (preschool) teachers,” Gomez said. “We’re completely underpaid, by far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left']Gov. Gavin Newsom has ambitious plans to improve California’s early childhood education, but experts say he’s forgetting a key: preschool teacher salaries.[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, legislators and early childhood advocates cheered a budget \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2019/06/california-state-budget-gavin-newsom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">signed\u003c/a> by Gov. Gavin Newsom that included the most significant \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2019/04/early-childhood-universal-preschool-newsom-mccarty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">investments\u003c/a> in recent history toward early childhood education programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $1.8 billion is expected to give tens of thousands more kids access to subsidized child care and preschool, and pump hundreds of millions of dollars into educator training and new child care facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But left out of the budget picture was the issue of pay for early childhood educators, whose chronically low compensation has long troubled early childhood providers, advocates and experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an expensive ask—on top of an ambitious \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2018/12/can-california-afford-newsom-education-plan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">agenda\u003c/a> with a price tag already estimated in the tens of billions of dollars—but one that could be critical, according to experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we don’t raise teacher salaries, all this training money is going to go for naught because we’re not going to attract a stronger slice of college graduates and more qualified teachers,” said Bruce Fuller, a professor of education and public policy at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just so key. The governor’s always talking about quality, but you’re not going to get quality unless you raise teacher salaries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, California child care workers ($12.29 an hour) and preschool teachers ($16.19) earned a median wage that was less than half of what teachers leading kindergarten ($38.33) and elementary classrooms ($45.17) earned, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/files/2018/06/3-Earnings-Economic-Security.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for the Study of Child Care Employment\u003c/a> at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent \u003ca href=\"https://speaker.asmdc.org/sites/speaker.asmdc.org/files/pdf/BRC-Final-Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> commissioned by an influential group of legislators, including Democratic Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, set a long-term goal of ensuring that early childhood educators are paid as much as teachers in older grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative’s supporters blame the disparity in part on the state’s system for reimbursing state-subsidized programs, which they say could be improved by two proposals working their way through the legislative pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assembly \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB125\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bill\u003c/a> 125 by Democratic Assemblyman Kevin McCarty and Senate \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB174\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bill\u003c/a> 174 by Democratic Sen. Connie Leyva, which have advanced through the Legislature with virtually no opposition, would basically create a single reimbursement rate for early childhood providers that better accounts for regional costs and pays out more per kid for programs that meet specific quality standards. Both have passed their houses of origin and are awaiting action in appropriations committees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond that, however, child care and preschool providers across California say they’re placed in next-to-impossible positions when it comes to giving teachers raises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Providers who mostly rely on fees from families say boosting pay means raising those fees—which \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/02/03/you-think-bay-area-housing-is-expensive-childcare-costs-are-rising-too/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">average\u003c/a> about $16,500 a year for infant care in California—and further pricing out lower- and middle-class parents. Meanwhile, providers who mainly contract through state-subsidized programs say the low reimbursement rates the state pays out don’t cover all kids who are eligible or truly account for the cost of caring for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762650\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762650\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405-800x531.jpg\" alt=\"Children at Little Stars Preschool and Family Childcare in Los Angeles dance at a drum circle with the school’s owner/director Darlene Morales, at top in the pink t-shirt. Photo courtesy of Little Stars Preschool.\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children at Little Stars Preschool and Family Childcare in Los Angeles dance at a drum circle with the school’s owner/director Darlene Morales, at top in the pink t-shirt. Photo courtesy of Little Stars Preschool.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Larry Drury, CEO of Go Kids, a nonprofit that operates child care centers and preschools in pricey Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties, says he advertised in vain this year for a preschool teacher for one of Go Kids’ San Jose centers. Weeks passed, Drury said, with zero applications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not even misqualified people, but no applications, period,” he said. “It’s tough to find preschool teachers who will work for $17 an hour. I can’t afford to pay them much more than that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drury said several of his educators have left their positions because they can’t afford to live in Silicon Valley on a preschool teacher’s salary. One teacher got divorced and could no longer afford an apartment for her two kids, so she left for Arkansas to live with her parents, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About one-fourth of the state’s early childhood educators leave the profession each year, hampering the quality of programs across the state, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gettingdowntofacts.com/sites/default/files/2018-09/GDTFII_Report_Stipek.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">collection\u003c/a> of Stanford University studies that earlier this year urged the state to spend more on early childhood programs such as subsidized preschool to bridge a chronic achievement gap between the state’s most disadvantaged students and the rest of their peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the slots and funding for the state’s subsidized child care and preschool programs remain limited compared with the demand, or even the number of eligible children. An estimated 2 million kids qualified for subsidized child care in 2017, but only 1 in 9 \u003ca href=\"https://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/millions-of-children-are-eligible-for-subsidized-child-care-but-only-a-fraction-received-services-in-2017/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">received\u003c/a> such services, according to the California Budget & Policy Center, which blamed “inadequate state and federal funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, preschool operator Darlene Morales said she has had to shift her business model away from state reimbursements and toward family fees since funding has dwindled for the First 5 LA universal preschool initiative her Little Stars Preschool and Family Childcare relied on. Otherwise, Morales said, she couldn’t have continued to afford even the $15 to $18 an hour her teachers are paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For $800 a month, students in the Little Stars Spanish immersion preschool program learn to converse in Spanish, write their first and last names, recognize numbers and letters in both languages, solve 100-piece jigsaw puzzles and build a foundation for critical thinking. Morales said some of her teachers have been at Little Stars for more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Lorena Gomez, preschool teacher’']“Most people can’t do this job. Most people don’t have the patience, they don’t understand what it is to be with children all day. [But] I love being with my kids.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But holding onto her faculty has meant personal sacrifice, she said: When Little Stars was shifting from state subsidies to a private client base, she worked without pay to avoid cutting teachers’ hours or salaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t have a consistent job with me, they’re not going to stay with me because they need their paycheck, bottom line,” said Morales. Little Stars, she said, is increasing its fees this year by $200 to raise teacher pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every penny matters, said Gomez, the Sacramento preschool teacher, noting that few of her colleagues can afford to live without roommates. Some live in Section 8 housing, she said. When her own rent rose by $300 a month, she began driving for a rideshare company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though she’s thought about changing careers, she said, she stays because she loves the profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people can’t do this job. Most people don’t have the patience, they don’t understand what it is to be with children all day. [But] I love being with my kids,” she said. “They take these lessons with them throughout the rest of their lives.”\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "With Early Childhood Education on California’s Agenda, Preschool Teachers Ask Why ‘Cashiers at McDonalds’ Get Better Pay | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Preschool teacher Lorena Gomez’s work days begin at 6:30 a.m. when she welcomes a dozen 3-year-olds into her classroom. Every day, Gomez spends nine hours standing, sitting and crouching at the height of a toddler, passing out snacks, overseeing playtimes and teaching tiny Californians their numbers, shapes, colors, letters, and social niceties. She marvels, she says, at how quickly they grow—that is, when she has time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her second and third jobs, as a rideshare driver and nanny, start as soon as class is dismissed at 3:30, and she works far into the evening to augment the $14 an hour she makes in early childhood education. Her chosen career, she says, just doesn’t pay enough for her to live in an increasingly costly Sacramento housing market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez is not alone: Across California, early childhood educators are paid so poorly that more than half of the workforce—mostly women of color—rely on \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/files/2018/06/2018-Index-California.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">public assistance\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s people who are cashiers at McDonalds that make more than (preschool) teachers,” Gomez said. “We’re completely underpaid, by far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, legislators and early childhood advocates cheered a budget \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2019/06/california-state-budget-gavin-newsom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">signed\u003c/a> by Gov. Gavin Newsom that included the most significant \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2019/04/early-childhood-universal-preschool-newsom-mccarty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">investments\u003c/a> in recent history toward early childhood education programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $1.8 billion is expected to give tens of thousands more kids access to subsidized child care and preschool, and pump hundreds of millions of dollars into educator training and new child care facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But left out of the budget picture was the issue of pay for early childhood educators, whose chronically low compensation has long troubled early childhood providers, advocates and experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an expensive ask—on top of an ambitious \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2018/12/can-california-afford-newsom-education-plan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">agenda\u003c/a> with a price tag already estimated in the tens of billions of dollars—but one that could be critical, according to experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we don’t raise teacher salaries, all this training money is going to go for naught because we’re not going to attract a stronger slice of college graduates and more qualified teachers,” said Bruce Fuller, a professor of education and public policy at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just so key. The governor’s always talking about quality, but you’re not going to get quality unless you raise teacher salaries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, California child care workers ($12.29 an hour) and preschool teachers ($16.19) earned a median wage that was less than half of what teachers leading kindergarten ($38.33) and elementary classrooms ($45.17) earned, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://cscce.berkeley.edu/files/2018/06/3-Earnings-Economic-Security.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for the Study of Child Care Employment\u003c/a> at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent \u003ca href=\"https://speaker.asmdc.org/sites/speaker.asmdc.org/files/pdf/BRC-Final-Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> commissioned by an influential group of legislators, including Democratic Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, set a long-term goal of ensuring that early childhood educators are paid as much as teachers in older grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative’s supporters blame the disparity in part on the state’s system for reimbursing state-subsidized programs, which they say could be improved by two proposals working their way through the legislative pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assembly \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB125\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bill\u003c/a> 125 by Democratic Assemblyman Kevin McCarty and Senate \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB174\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bill\u003c/a> 174 by Democratic Sen. Connie Leyva, which have advanced through the Legislature with virtually no opposition, would basically create a single reimbursement rate for early childhood providers that better accounts for regional costs and pays out more per kid for programs that meet specific quality standards. Both have passed their houses of origin and are awaiting action in appropriations committees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond that, however, child care and preschool providers across California say they’re placed in next-to-impossible positions when it comes to giving teachers raises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Providers who mostly rely on fees from families say boosting pay means raising those fees—which \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/02/03/you-think-bay-area-housing-is-expensive-childcare-costs-are-rising-too/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">average\u003c/a> about $16,500 a year for infant care in California—and further pricing out lower- and middle-class parents. Meanwhile, providers who mainly contract through state-subsidized programs say the low reimbursement rates the state pays out don’t cover all kids who are eligible or truly account for the cost of caring for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762650\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762650\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405-800x531.jpg\" alt=\"Children at Little Stars Preschool and Family Childcare in Los Angeles dance at a drum circle with the school’s owner/director Darlene Morales, at top in the pink t-shirt. Photo courtesy of Little Stars Preschool.\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Preschool-teacher-pay-e1563476265405.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children at Little Stars Preschool and Family Childcare in Los Angeles dance at a drum circle with the school’s owner/director Darlene Morales, at top in the pink t-shirt. Photo courtesy of Little Stars Preschool.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Larry Drury, CEO of Go Kids, a nonprofit that operates child care centers and preschools in pricey Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties, says he advertised in vain this year for a preschool teacher for one of Go Kids’ San Jose centers. Weeks passed, Drury said, with zero applications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not even misqualified people, but no applications, period,” he said. “It’s tough to find preschool teachers who will work for $17 an hour. I can’t afford to pay them much more than that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drury said several of his educators have left their positions because they can’t afford to live in Silicon Valley on a preschool teacher’s salary. One teacher got divorced and could no longer afford an apartment for her two kids, so she left for Arkansas to live with her parents, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About one-fourth of the state’s early childhood educators leave the profession each year, hampering the quality of programs across the state, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gettingdowntofacts.com/sites/default/files/2018-09/GDTFII_Report_Stipek.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">collection\u003c/a> of Stanford University studies that earlier this year urged the state to spend more on early childhood programs such as subsidized preschool to bridge a chronic achievement gap between the state’s most disadvantaged students and the rest of their peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the slots and funding for the state’s subsidized child care and preschool programs remain limited compared with the demand, or even the number of eligible children. An estimated 2 million kids qualified for subsidized child care in 2017, but only 1 in 9 \u003ca href=\"https://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/millions-of-children-are-eligible-for-subsidized-child-care-but-only-a-fraction-received-services-in-2017/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">received\u003c/a> such services, according to the California Budget & Policy Center, which blamed “inadequate state and federal funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, preschool operator Darlene Morales said she has had to shift her business model away from state reimbursements and toward family fees since funding has dwindled for the First 5 LA universal preschool initiative her Little Stars Preschool and Family Childcare relied on. Otherwise, Morales said, she couldn’t have continued to afford even the $15 to $18 an hour her teachers are paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For $800 a month, students in the Little Stars Spanish immersion preschool program learn to converse in Spanish, write their first and last names, recognize numbers and letters in both languages, solve 100-piece jigsaw puzzles and build a foundation for critical thinking. Morales said some of her teachers have been at Little Stars for more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But holding onto her faculty has meant personal sacrifice, she said: When Little Stars was shifting from state subsidies to a private client base, she worked without pay to avoid cutting teachers’ hours or salaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t have a consistent job with me, they’re not going to stay with me because they need their paycheck, bottom line,” said Morales. Little Stars, she said, is increasing its fees this year by $200 to raise teacher pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every penny matters, said Gomez, the Sacramento preschool teacher, noting that few of her colleagues can afford to live without roommates. Some live in Section 8 housing, she said. When her own rent rose by $300 a month, she began driving for a rideshare company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though she’s thought about changing careers, she said, she stays because she loves the profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people can’t do this job. Most people don’t have the patience, they don’t understand what it is to be with children all day. [But] I love being with my kids,” she said. “They take these lessons with them throughout the rest of their lives.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A school district in San Rafael will no longer have a name with links to the Confederacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Trustees voted last week to rename the Dixie School District to the Miller Creek Elementary School District. Critics have pointed out the ties between the name of the 155-year-old district to the Confederacy and slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trustees voted 3-1 with one abstention, rejecting three other options: Laurel Creek, Creekside or Kenne school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trustees also voted 4-1 to rename the district’s only elementary school, from Dixie to Lucas Valley Elementary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name-change issue pitted parents against each other for months and generated heated debate in San Rafael, an overwhelmingly white city of 59,000 people. Some insisted the Dixie name was racially insensitive, while others complained the proposed change was political correctness run amok.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board of trustees in February voted to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725887/san-rafaels-dixie-school-district-rejects-changing-name-tied-to-confederacy\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">stick with Dixie\u003c/a> before eventually \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11740684/san-rafaels-dixie-school-district-votes-to-change-name-tied-to-confederacy\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">approving a name change\u003c/a> in April. Trustees said at the time they would change both the name of the San Francisco Bay Area district and the name of its elementary school by Aug. 22, when classes resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of the name change, such as replacing signs, was estimated at nearly $40,000, but the Marin Community Foundation pledged to cover it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dixie is a nickname for the southern U.S. states that formed the pro-slavery Confederacy in 1860, sparking the Civil War. The legacy of the Confederacy prompts political, legal and cultural conflicts to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who supported changing the name said the district was named Dixie by James Miller, the school founder, on a dare by Confederate sympathizers. Those who opposed the change said the school system was named for Mary Dixie, a Miwok Indian woman who Miller knew in the 1840s.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A school district in San Rafael will no longer have a name with links to the Confederacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Trustees voted last week to rename the Dixie School District to the Miller Creek Elementary School District. Critics have pointed out the ties between the name of the 155-year-old district to the Confederacy and slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trustees voted 3-1 with one abstention, rejecting three other options: Laurel Creek, Creekside or Kenne school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trustees also voted 4-1 to rename the district’s only elementary school, from Dixie to Lucas Valley Elementary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name-change issue pitted parents against each other for months and generated heated debate in San Rafael, an overwhelmingly white city of 59,000 people. Some insisted the Dixie name was racially insensitive, while others complained the proposed change was political correctness run amok.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board of trustees in February voted to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725887/san-rafaels-dixie-school-district-rejects-changing-name-tied-to-confederacy\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">stick with Dixie\u003c/a> before eventually \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11740684/san-rafaels-dixie-school-district-votes-to-change-name-tied-to-confederacy\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">approving a name change\u003c/a> in April. Trustees said at the time they would change both the name of the San Francisco Bay Area district and the name of its elementary school by Aug. 22, when classes resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of the name change, such as replacing signs, was estimated at nearly $40,000, but the Marin Community Foundation pledged to cover it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dixie is a nickname for the southern U.S. states that formed the pro-slavery Confederacy in 1860, sparking the Civil War. The legacy of the Confederacy prompts political, legal and cultural conflicts to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who supported changing the name said the district was named Dixie by James Miller, the school founder, on a dare by Confederate sympathizers. Those who opposed the change said the school system was named for Mary Dixie, a Miwok Indian woman who Miller knew in the 1840s.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Depends on how you look at it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?s=CA&zc=94709&zd=50&of=3&ic=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sticker price\u003c/a>, Stanford is definitely one of the most expensive universities in the Bay Area. One year at the prestigious university costs almost $53,000. Compare that to any one of the California State University schools in the Bay Area, where all four years of tuition, for in-state attendees, comes to just over $30,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"student-debt\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/06/14/why-stanford-may-be-the-most-affordable-university-in-the-bay-area/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent analysis by the Bay Area News Group\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">federal loan data\u003c/a> from the 2016-17 academic year, students who graduated from Stanford with a bachelor’s degree had the lowest average debt, compared to graduates at any other four-year college or university in the Bay Area. The average federal loan debt among graduates there came to roughly $13,800, thousands of dollars less than several nearby public universities with significantly lower tuition rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduates of nearby San Jose State University, for example, had an average debt burden of about $17,700.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, fewer than 20% of Stanford graduates enter the real world with any loan burden whatsoever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s where Stanford’s $26.5 billion endowment comes into play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ten years ago, we stopped expecting students to borrow as part of their financial aid package,” explained Karen Cooper, Stanford’s financial aid director. “We realized that lo and behold, people from low-income backgrounds weren’t applying because the sticker price was so scary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Stanford covers full tuition for any students whose parents make less than $125,000. And students whose families make less than $65,000 get a free ride and also have their room and board covered, Cooper said. In both cases, she added, those students have to work during the academic year and contribute $5,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a minuscule percentage of applicants to Stanford are actually admitted, Cooper noted. And among the select few that are, most don’t have to worry about how they’ll pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No students, regardless of income, are expected to borrow,” she said. But for those who do, she added, “we took loans out of the equation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And therein lies the obvious irony: The average debt burden at Stanford and other highly selective, well-endowed private elite universities is substantially lower than it is at schools that typically serve much larger populations of lower-income students. In other words, debt is often higher at universities that on the face of it seem more affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/07eb23d1-2baf-49e6-985a-7f5b0f4639ee?src=embed\" title=\"Student Debt\" width=\"800\" height=\"688\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, total U.S. student loan debt is nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/HIST/cc_hist_memo_levels.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$1.6 trillion\u003c/a>, more than four times what it was a decade ago, far outpacing total U.S. credit card debt. Nationally, about 65% of college seniors who graduated from public and private nonprofit colleges in 2017 had some student loan debt, owing an average of about $28,650, according to \u003ca href=\"http://ticas.org/posd/map-state-data-2015#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Institute for College Access and Success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Ryan Levi spoke last month to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/author/leonardo-castaneda/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leonardo Castañeda\u003c/a>, who covers demographics and income inequality for the Bay Area News Group, and first reported the Stanford story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The interview below has been lightly edited for length and clarity. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ryan Levi\u003c/strong>: Can you start by telling me how you reached what, on its face, might seem like a pretty surprising conclusion?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leonardo Castañeda\u003c/strong>: Yeah, it is surprising. One of the requirements that the Department of Education has is, they want to know for each major and each university, how many students graduated with loans and how much the average loan was for those students. When you can bring all of that together and look at the Bay Area, Stanford actually has the lowest average for their students. They also have very few students who take out loans, which is kind of part of this process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> And how much are we talking about? What kind of loan debt are these students leaving with on average?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LC\u003c/strong>: On average they’re leaving with about $14,000. UC Berkeley is the next closest one. The CSUs, San Francisco State, San Jose State, CSU East Bay, are pretty close — they range from about $15,000 to about $17,000 on average. So not a massive difference, but $3,000 can go a long way before or after college, and that’s [just] the average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL\u003c/strong>: And so, is this simply a case of private schools being able to give out more financial aid, outweighing their often higher attendance costs?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LC\u003c/strong>: Absolutely. That’s a huge part of it. Stanford has a $26.5 billion endowment. So that gives them a lot of latitude to subsidize a lot of their students. They also have a lot of students who don’t need any financial aid, who are able to pay out of pocket. A CSU might serve a more lower-income, broader base of students. So [Stanford] has the resources, they have the donors, they have that infrastructure to give it a lot more money than a state school does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL\u003c/strong>: Now, you look specifically at federal student loan debt. Is there any way to know if this conclusion holds true when you factor in private loans?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LC\u003c/strong>: What we found is that it is pretty close. About $20,000 is the average for the most recent graduating class [at Stanford], and that’s about the same as the CSUs. It is much lower than most other private schools where the average, including non-federally subsidized private loans, is about $25,000 to $27,000. So even if you take into account those non-federal loans, it is still very, very low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL\u003c/strong>: And has this always been the case at Stanford?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LC\u003c/strong>: This is actually a conscious decision that Stanford made for the 2008-09 school year, where they said, “OK, let’s reimagine how we present this package. Let’s take loans out of the equation. How much can parents pay? We’ll cover the rest.” So since then, they’ve seen about two-thirds of their students graduate without any loans at all. That number is down to about 19 percent. And the average has stayed about flat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Depends on how you look at it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on \u003ca href=\"https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?s=CA&zc=94709&zd=50&of=3&ic=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sticker price\u003c/a>, Stanford is definitely one of the most expensive universities in the Bay Area. One year at the prestigious university costs almost $53,000. Compare that to any one of the California State University schools in the Bay Area, where all four years of tuition, for in-state attendees, comes to just over $30,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/06/14/why-stanford-may-be-the-most-affordable-university-in-the-bay-area/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent analysis by the Bay Area News Group\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">federal loan data\u003c/a> from the 2016-17 academic year, students who graduated from Stanford with a bachelor’s degree had the lowest average debt, compared to graduates at any other four-year college or university in the Bay Area. The average federal loan debt among graduates there came to roughly $13,800, thousands of dollars less than several nearby public universities with significantly lower tuition rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduates of nearby San Jose State University, for example, had an average debt burden of about $17,700.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, fewer than 20% of Stanford graduates enter the real world with any loan burden whatsoever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s where Stanford’s $26.5 billion endowment comes into play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ten years ago, we stopped expecting students to borrow as part of their financial aid package,” explained Karen Cooper, Stanford’s financial aid director. “We realized that lo and behold, people from low-income backgrounds weren’t applying because the sticker price was so scary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Stanford covers full tuition for any students whose parents make less than $125,000. And students whose families make less than $65,000 get a free ride and also have their room and board covered, Cooper said. In both cases, she added, those students have to work during the academic year and contribute $5,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a minuscule percentage of applicants to Stanford are actually admitted, Cooper noted. And among the select few that are, most don’t have to worry about how they’ll pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No students, regardless of income, are expected to borrow,” she said. But for those who do, she added, “we took loans out of the equation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And therein lies the obvious irony: The average debt burden at Stanford and other highly selective, well-endowed private elite universities is substantially lower than it is at schools that typically serve much larger populations of lower-income students. In other words, debt is often higher at universities that on the face of it seem more affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/07eb23d1-2baf-49e6-985a-7f5b0f4639ee?src=embed\" title=\"Student Debt\" width=\"800\" height=\"688\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, total U.S. student loan debt is nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/HIST/cc_hist_memo_levels.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$1.6 trillion\u003c/a>, more than four times what it was a decade ago, far outpacing total U.S. credit card debt. Nationally, about 65% of college seniors who graduated from public and private nonprofit colleges in 2017 had some student loan debt, owing an average of about $28,650, according to \u003ca href=\"http://ticas.org/posd/map-state-data-2015#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Institute for College Access and Success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Ryan Levi spoke last month to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/author/leonardo-castaneda/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leonardo Castañeda\u003c/a>, who covers demographics and income inequality for the Bay Area News Group, and first reported the Stanford story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The interview below has been lightly edited for length and clarity. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ryan Levi\u003c/strong>: Can you start by telling me how you reached what, on its face, might seem like a pretty surprising conclusion?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leonardo Castañeda\u003c/strong>: Yeah, it is surprising. One of the requirements that the Department of Education has is, they want to know for each major and each university, how many students graduated with loans and how much the average loan was for those students. When you can bring all of that together and look at the Bay Area, Stanford actually has the lowest average for their students. They also have very few students who take out loans, which is kind of part of this process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> And how much are we talking about? What kind of loan debt are these students leaving with on average?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LC\u003c/strong>: On average they’re leaving with about $14,000. UC Berkeley is the next closest one. The CSUs, San Francisco State, San Jose State, CSU East Bay, are pretty close — they range from about $15,000 to about $17,000 on average. So not a massive difference, but $3,000 can go a long way before or after college, and that’s [just] the average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL\u003c/strong>: And so, is this simply a case of private schools being able to give out more financial aid, outweighing their often higher attendance costs?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LC\u003c/strong>: Absolutely. That’s a huge part of it. Stanford has a $26.5 billion endowment. So that gives them a lot of latitude to subsidize a lot of their students. They also have a lot of students who don’t need any financial aid, who are able to pay out of pocket. A CSU might serve a more lower-income, broader base of students. So [Stanford] has the resources, they have the donors, they have that infrastructure to give it a lot more money than a state school does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL\u003c/strong>: Now, you look specifically at federal student loan debt. Is there any way to know if this conclusion holds true when you factor in private loans?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LC\u003c/strong>: What we found is that it is pretty close. About $20,000 is the average for the most recent graduating class [at Stanford], and that’s about the same as the CSUs. It is much lower than most other private schools where the average, including non-federally subsidized private loans, is about $25,000 to $27,000. So even if you take into account those non-federal loans, it is still very, very low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL\u003c/strong>: And has this always been the case at Stanford?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LC\u003c/strong>: This is actually a conscious decision that Stanford made for the 2008-09 school year, where they said, “OK, let’s reimagine how we present this package. Let’s take loans out of the equation. How much can parents pay? We’ll cover the rest.” So since then, they’ve seen about two-thirds of their students graduate without any loans at all. That number is down to about 19 percent. And the average has stayed about flat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Oakland’s City Council looks set to ban facial recognition software by city agencies after voting unanimously Tuesday night to approve the measure. A second vote in mid-September would finalize the ban, which would take effect immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This makes Oakland the third city in the nation to do so after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746658/san-francisco-may-ban-police-city-use-of-facial-recognition-technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco\u003c/a> and Somerville, Massachusetts. Berkeley is considering a ban as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland ban is similar to San Francisco’s, in part because activists like \u003ca href=\"https://secure-justice.org/team/brian-hofer/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Brian Hofer\u003c/a>, executive director of the nonprofit Secure Justice, helped craft both measures. He was in attendance at the City Council meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/b_haddy/status/1151344536804679681\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists in other cities have talked to Hofer about doing something similar and in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope we can build a national movement against dangerous face surveillance. We don’t need it,” Hofer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facial recognition software uses machine learning algorithms to track human faces in digital footage and match them to names. But if the databases those software systems pull from are inaccurate or distorted by historic policing patterns, people of color can become the victim of false positives. Researchers argue that commercially available products for law enforcement aren’t able to correct for these systemic human biases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11742529/report-warns-a-i-algorithms-not-quite-ready-for-prime-time-in-criminal-justice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">especially in criminal justice\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland City Council President \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/officials/rebecca-kaplan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rebecca Kaplan\u003c/a> cited such concerns in a report written for the council. “Face recognition technology runs the risk of making Oakland residents less safe as the misidentification of individuals could lead to the misuse of force, false incarceration, and minority-based persecution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11746658' label='Related Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement agencies have argued against outright bans, arguing that artificial intelligence has the capacity to improve with time and oversight, but they appear to be losing the political battle with a growing number of cities. The San Francisco ban, for instance, singled out facial recognition in a broader ordinance that required city departments to establish use policies and obtain board approval for all other kinds of surveillance technology they want to purchase or are using at present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those testifying before the Oakland vote was \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/bio/matt-cagle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Matt Cagle\u003c/a>, an attorney with the Northern California chapter of the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You cannot leave your face at home,” Cagle said. “We do not want a world in which police are making decisions based on inaccurate information, misidentifying people and potentially using force based on flawed and inaccurate technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Matt Cagle, attorney with the Northern California chapter of the American Civil Liberties Union.']‘You cannot leave your face at home. We do not want a world in which police are making decisions based on inaccurate information, misidentifying people and potentially using force based on flawed and inaccurate technology.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big software companies marketing facial recognition software are split on its use. In April, Microsoft \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-microsoft-ai/microsoft-turned-down-facial-recognition-sales-on-human-rights-concerns-idUSKCN1RS2FV\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">refused to sell its technology\u003c/a> to a California law enforcement agency over human rights concerns, and Microsoft President Brad Smith called for regulation to prevent “a commercial race to the bottom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon, however, continues to sell its Rekognition software to law enforcement agencies. In a \u003ca href=\"https://aws.amazon.com/rekognition/the-facts-on-facial-recognition-with-artificial-intelligence/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a>, the company argued, “Technology like Amazon Rekognition should only be used to narrow the field of potential matches. The responses from Amazon Rekognition allow officials to quickly get a set of potential faces for further human analysis. Given the seriousness of public safety use cases, human judgment is necessary to augment facial recognition, and facial recognition software should not be used autonomously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the municipal bans, and a statewide moratorium on facial recognition for police body cams under consideration now in Sacramento, federal agencies like the FBI can and do use the software nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facial recognition has been the subject of two House Oversight and Reform Committee hearings, in which concern over the technology appeared to be bipartisan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those hearings have yet to lead to a change in federal law, but they did reveal the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/07/07/fbi-ice-find-state-drivers-license-photos-are-gold-mine-facial-recognition-searches/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FBI has amassed a database\u003c/a> of more than 640 million photographs for its facial recognition program, including driver’s license photos from 21 states, not including California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Supervisor\u003ca href=\"https://sfbos.org/supervisor-peskin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Aaron Peskin\u003c/a> took that revelation as confirmation he made the right choice in voting for a ban. In an opinion piece published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/why-us-must-follow-our-lead-san-francisco-risk-becoming-surveillance-state-opinion-1449379\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsweek\u003c/a>, he wrote, “Even if 100 percent accurate, mass surveillance by facial recognition — the likes of which authoritarian governments like \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/14/technology/china-surveillance-artificial-intelligence-racial-profiling.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">China are already using\u003c/a> — exposes Americans to an Orwellian dystopia.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Oakland’s City Council looks set to ban facial recognition software by city agencies after voting unanimously Tuesday night to approve the measure. A second vote in mid-September would finalize the ban, which would take effect immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This makes Oakland the third city in the nation to do so after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746658/san-francisco-may-ban-police-city-use-of-facial-recognition-technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco\u003c/a> and Somerville, Massachusetts. Berkeley is considering a ban as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland ban is similar to San Francisco’s, in part because activists like \u003ca href=\"https://secure-justice.org/team/brian-hofer/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Brian Hofer\u003c/a>, executive director of the nonprofit Secure Justice, helped craft both measures. He was in attendance at the City Council meeting.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope we can build a national movement against dangerous face surveillance. We don’t need it,” Hofer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facial recognition software uses machine learning algorithms to track human faces in digital footage and match them to names. But if the databases those software systems pull from are inaccurate or distorted by historic policing patterns, people of color can become the victim of false positives. Researchers argue that commercially available products for law enforcement aren’t able to correct for these systemic human biases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11742529/report-warns-a-i-algorithms-not-quite-ready-for-prime-time-in-criminal-justice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">especially in criminal justice\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland City Council President \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/officials/rebecca-kaplan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rebecca Kaplan\u003c/a> cited such concerns in a report written for the council. “Face recognition technology runs the risk of making Oakland residents less safe as the misidentification of individuals could lead to the misuse of force, false incarceration, and minority-based persecution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement agencies have argued against outright bans, arguing that artificial intelligence has the capacity to improve with time and oversight, but they appear to be losing the political battle with a growing number of cities. The San Francisco ban, for instance, singled out facial recognition in a broader ordinance that required city departments to establish use policies and obtain board approval for all other kinds of surveillance technology they want to purchase or are using at present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those testifying before the Oakland vote was \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/bio/matt-cagle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Matt Cagle\u003c/a>, an attorney with the Northern California chapter of the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You cannot leave your face at home,” Cagle said. “We do not want a world in which police are making decisions based on inaccurate information, misidentifying people and potentially using force based on flawed and inaccurate technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big software companies marketing facial recognition software are split on its use. In April, Microsoft \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-microsoft-ai/microsoft-turned-down-facial-recognition-sales-on-human-rights-concerns-idUSKCN1RS2FV\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">refused to sell its technology\u003c/a> to a California law enforcement agency over human rights concerns, and Microsoft President Brad Smith called for regulation to prevent “a commercial race to the bottom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon, however, continues to sell its Rekognition software to law enforcement agencies. In a \u003ca href=\"https://aws.amazon.com/rekognition/the-facts-on-facial-recognition-with-artificial-intelligence/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a>, the company argued, “Technology like Amazon Rekognition should only be used to narrow the field of potential matches. The responses from Amazon Rekognition allow officials to quickly get a set of potential faces for further human analysis. Given the seriousness of public safety use cases, human judgment is necessary to augment facial recognition, and facial recognition software should not be used autonomously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the municipal bans, and a statewide moratorium on facial recognition for police body cams under consideration now in Sacramento, federal agencies like the FBI can and do use the software nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facial recognition has been the subject of two House Oversight and Reform Committee hearings, in which concern over the technology appeared to be bipartisan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those hearings have yet to lead to a change in federal law, but they did reveal the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/07/07/fbi-ice-find-state-drivers-license-photos-are-gold-mine-facial-recognition-searches/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FBI has amassed a database\u003c/a> of more than 640 million photographs for its facial recognition program, including driver’s license photos from 21 states, not including California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Supervisor\u003ca href=\"https://sfbos.org/supervisor-peskin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Aaron Peskin\u003c/a> took that revelation as confirmation he made the right choice in voting for a ban. In an opinion piece published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/why-us-must-follow-our-lead-san-francisco-risk-becoming-surveillance-state-opinion-1449379\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsweek\u003c/a>, he wrote, “Even if 100 percent accurate, mass surveillance by facial recognition — the likes of which authoritarian governments like \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/14/technology/china-surveillance-artificial-intelligence-racial-profiling.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">China are already using\u003c/a> — exposes Americans to an Orwellian dystopia.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "university-of-californias-showdown-with-the-biggest-academic-publisher-aims-to-change-scholarly-publishing-for-good",
"title": "University of California's Showdown With the Biggest Academic Publisher Aims to Change Scholarly Publishing for Good",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/mackenzie-smith-455658\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MacKenzie Smith\u003c/a> is university librarian and vice provost for digital scholarship at UC Davis.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, academic publisher Elsevier \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2019/07/11/elsevier-ends-journal-access-uc-system\">shuttered\u003c/a> the University of California’s online access to current journal articles. It’s the latest move in the high stakes \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-uc-elsevier-20190711-story.html\">standoff\u003c/a> between Elsevier, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-hiltzik-uc-elsevier-20181207-story.html\">world’s largest publisher of scholarly research\u003c/a>, and the University of California, whose scholars \u003ca href=\"https://accountability.universityofcalifornia.edu/2018/chapters/chapter-9.html\">produce about 10% \u003c/a>of the nation’s research publications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last February, Elsevier chose to continue providing access to journals via its \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com\">ScienceDirect\u003c/a> online platform after UC’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/uc-terminates-subscriptions-worlds-largest-scientific-publisher-push-open-access-publicly\">subscription expired\u003c/a> and negotiations broke down. With its instant access now cut off, the UC research community will learn firsthand what it’s like to rely on the open web and other means of accessing critical research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC-Elsevier showdown made headlines because it’s symptomatic of the way the internet has failed to deliver on the promise to make knowledge easily accessible and shareable by anyone, anywhere in the world. It’s the latest in a succession of cracks in what is widely considered to be a \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchinformation.info/news/new-report-warns-%E2%80%98failing-system%E2%80%99-scholarly-publishing\">failing system\u003c/a> for sharing academic research. \u003ca href=\"https://leadership.ucdavis.edu/people/mackenzie-smith\">As the head of the research library at UC Davis\u003c/a>, I see this development as a \u003ca href=\"https://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/open-access-at-uc/publisher-negotiations/uc-and-elsevier-impact/\">harbinger of a tectonic shift\u003c/a> in how universities and their faculty share research, build reputations and preserve knowledge in the digital age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11761669\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-800x619.jpg\" alt=\"Accessing a journal no longer means going to a periodicals room.\" width=\"800\" height=\"619\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11761669\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-800x619.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-1020x789.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Accessing a journal no longer means going to a periodicals room. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"\">Newton W. Elwell\u003c/a>/Boston Public Library/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Moving From Stacks to Screens\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Here’s how things traditionally worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Universities have always subscribed to scientific journals so their researchers can study and build on the work that came before, and won’t needlessly duplicate research they never knew about. In the print age, university library shelves were lined with journals, available for any researcher or – in the case of public universities like the University of California – any member of the public to peruse and learn from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, for almost all journals, and a growing number of books, libraries sign contracts to license access to digital versions. Since academic publishers moved their journals online, it has become rare for libraries to subscribe to printed journals, and researchers have adapted to the convenience of accessing journal articles on the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new business model of licensing access to journals online rather than distributing them in print, for-profit publishers often lock libraries into bundled subscriptions that wrap the majority of a publisher’s portfolio of journals – \u003ca href=\"https://www.elsevier.com/books-and-journals\">almost 3,000 in Elsevier’s case\u003c/a> – into a single, multimillion dollar package. Rather than storing back issues on shelves, libraries can lose permanent access to journals when a contract expires. And members of the public can no longer read the library’s copy of a journal because the licenses are limited to members of the university. Now the public must buy online copies of academic articles for an average of $35 to $40 a pop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right']‘Under the new business model of licensing access to journals online rather than distributing them in print, for-profit publishers often lock libraries into bundled subscriptions that wrap the majority of a publisher’s portfolio of journals – almost 3,000 in Elsevier’s case – into a single, multimillion dollar package.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shift to digital has been good for researchers in many ways. It is far more convenient to search for articles online, and easier to access and download a copy – provided you work for an institution with a paid subscription. Modern software makes organizing and annotating them simpler, too. With all of these benefits, no one would advocate for going back to the old days of print journals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online access to journals did not improve the picture overall. Despite digital copies of articles costing nothing to duplicate and the cost of producing an article online being lower than in the past, the cost to libraries of licensing access to them has continued to experience \u003ca href=\"https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/5yr_ongoing-resource-expenditures_by_type.pdf\">hyperinflation\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/academic-journal-publishing-is-headed-for-a-day-of-reckoning-80869\">No library\u003c/a> can afford to license all the journals its faculty and students want access to, and many researchers around the world are shut out completely. Compounding the problem, \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127502\">consolidation in the scholarly publishing market\u003c/a> has reduced competition significantly, causing even more price inflexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Excessive Profits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Academic publishers certainly bear costs. They pay for professional editors and programmers, they manage the peer review process, they market their journals and so on. However, their revenues far exceed these costs and are among the highest of any companies in the world. Elsevier’s profit margin is reported to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/kittyknowles/2018/06/13/blockchain-science-iris-ai-project-aiur-elsevier-academic-journal-london-tech-week-cogx/\">nearly 40%\u003c/a>, far higher than even Apple at \u003ca href=\"https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/AAPL/apple/profit-margins\">around 23%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where social media platforms like Facebook profit from – and indeed, would not exist without – the content generated by users, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/mar/04/the-guardian-view-on-academic-publishing-disastrous-capitalism\">the parallel is true\u003c/a> for academic journals. Companies like Elsevier receive articles from university faculty and other researchers for free, summarizing research that was often publicly funded by government grants. Then other faculty and researchers serve on their editorial boards and peer-review those articles for free or a nominal fee. Finally the company publishes them in journals available only behind a paywall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s the rub: the paywall. The great promise of the internet was that it would make \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_wants_to_be_free\">knowledge more freely and easily accessible\u003c/a>. In the world of academic research – where new discoveries are made and new knowledge is born – the hope 20 years ago was that the advent of online platforms would make research articles universally available. It would also bring down the cost of publishing scholarly journals and, consequently, begin to reduce the multimillion dollar subscription costs borne by universities and other research institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, articles are not readily available to everyone, subscription costs have continued to rise, and subscribers’ rights have eroded, including what they can do with articles they buy and their ability to provide long-term access to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened to sharing knowledge with the people who need it, funded or created it?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Model for the Digital Age\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Maybe it’s time to just blow up the whole system and start over. But today’s scholarly system of sharing knowledge evolved over hundreds of years and contains certain qualities – peer review of accuracy, editorial judgment, long-term preservation – that still matter deeply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While research products – books, journals and articles – would definitely benefit from modernization in the digital age, we at the University of California are focusing on fixing the business model first. Paywalls and online subscriptions may make sense in other parts of the media ecosystem, but it’s not a good model for academic publishing, where authors and reviewers are paid by universities and research grants (with public money) rather than by publishers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11761672\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-800x417.jpg\" alt=\" The open access movement would get rid of paywalls and let anyone read anything for free. \" width=\"800\" height=\"417\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11761672\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-800x417.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-160x83.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-1020x532.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The open access movement would get rid of paywalls and let anyone read anything for free. \u003ccite>(Inked Pixels/Shutterstock.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, the academy has another option for a publishing business model that can better achieve the promise of the internet: open access. In that model, authors, or their funders or institutions, pay the publisher a fee to cover the cost of publishing each article. In exchange, the articles are made freely available for everyone to read online, anywhere, anytime. Article quality is preserved by the same unpaid peer-review system. Libraries at research institutions could shift their payments from licenses and subscriptions to publication fees for their affiliated authors. The cost is theoretically the same, but everyone can read everything for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California has long \u003ca href=\"https://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/open-access-at-uc/open-access-policy/\">supported the ideals of open access\u003c/a> – allowing everyone in the world to access the knowledge created by its faculty and researchers, for the benefit of all. In fact, since open access became an option for publishing, more and more UC authors, following the \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375\">global trend\u003c/a>, have independently chosen to pay their publisher a fee in order to make their article freely available to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those fees come on top of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/why-uc-split-publishing-giant-elsevier\">tens of millions of dollars\u003c/a> that the university is already paying the publisher for access to the same articles. This “\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-science-of-the-tax-dollar-double-dip-1459379449\">double dipping\u003c/a>” by publishers was the final straw in UC’s resolve to change the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several years ago, \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_Sp-B_0AAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao\">I worked\u003c/a> with colleagues within the University of California and other academic research institutions to study the \u003ca href=\"https://www.library.ucdavis.edu/icis/uc-pay-it-forward-project/\">costs of publishing with this open access model\u003c/a>. We found that, while costs would shift and more research-grant funds may need to be applied to publishing fees, \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284316481\">overall it would be affordable\u003c/a> for research universities, at least in North America where libraries are relatively well funded. With these results, UC could see a way out of its dilemma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When UC’s contract with Elsevier was up for renewal, we resolved to put our ideas into practice and pursue the twin goals of increasing open access to UC’s research while containing or lowering our journal-related costs – and finally achieving something of the promise of the internet. While I was not on UC’s negotiating team, I was among the group of faculty and library leaders that worked closely with them and decided to take this step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, UC’s researchers will have to find other ways to get Elsevier journal articles than the online access they have become accustomed to. Many of those articles are already \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-scientist.com/daily-news/open-access-on-the-rise-study-31125\">freely available\u003c/a> on the web and the rest can be borrowed from libraries or requested from authors. There are also a growing number of tools like \u003ca href=\"https://unpaywall.org/\">Unpaywall\u003c/a>, which searches the web for free copies of articles, to help researchers with that transition. But for busy researchers with little time to spare, convenience is king, and they’ll likely soon learn from experience why achieving 100% open access to research articles is so important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC’s goals are ambitious and their implementation will be complex. Changing a system this intricate is akin to modernizing the FAA’s air traffic control system – a million planes are in the air at any moment and altering anything can have serious consequences elsewhere. But we have to start somewhere or the whole system is at risk, and UC has placed its bet. We join an expanding \u003ca href=\"https://oa2020.org/mission/#eois\">global movement\u003c/a>, and we believe we’re now on the path to a better system for sharing knowledge in the 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is an updated version of \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/university-of-californias-break-with-the-biggest-academic-publisher-could-shake-up-scholarly-publishing-for-good-112941\">an article\u003c/a> originally published on March 7, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is republished from \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com\">The Conversation\u003c/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/university-of-californias-showdown-with-the-biggest-academic-publisher-aims-to-change-scholarly-publishing-for-good-120323\">original article\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "University of California's Showdown With the Biggest Academic Publisher Aims to Change Scholarly Publishing for Good | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>MacKenzie Smith\u003cbr >UC Davis\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/mackenzie-smith-455658\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MacKenzie Smith\u003c/a> is university librarian and vice provost for digital scholarship at UC Davis.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, academic publisher Elsevier \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2019/07/11/elsevier-ends-journal-access-uc-system\">shuttered\u003c/a> the University of California’s online access to current journal articles. It’s the latest move in the high stakes \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-uc-elsevier-20190711-story.html\">standoff\u003c/a> between Elsevier, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-hiltzik-uc-elsevier-20181207-story.html\">world’s largest publisher of scholarly research\u003c/a>, and the University of California, whose scholars \u003ca href=\"https://accountability.universityofcalifornia.edu/2018/chapters/chapter-9.html\">produce about 10% \u003c/a>of the nation’s research publications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last February, Elsevier chose to continue providing access to journals via its \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com\">ScienceDirect\u003c/a> online platform after UC’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/uc-terminates-subscriptions-worlds-largest-scientific-publisher-push-open-access-publicly\">subscription expired\u003c/a> and negotiations broke down. With its instant access now cut off, the UC research community will learn firsthand what it’s like to rely on the open web and other means of accessing critical research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC-Elsevier showdown made headlines because it’s symptomatic of the way the internet has failed to deliver on the promise to make knowledge easily accessible and shareable by anyone, anywhere in the world. It’s the latest in a succession of cracks in what is widely considered to be a \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchinformation.info/news/new-report-warns-%E2%80%98failing-system%E2%80%99-scholarly-publishing\">failing system\u003c/a> for sharing academic research. \u003ca href=\"https://leadership.ucdavis.edu/people/mackenzie-smith\">As the head of the research library at UC Davis\u003c/a>, I see this development as a \u003ca href=\"https://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/open-access-at-uc/publisher-negotiations/uc-and-elsevier-impact/\">harbinger of a tectonic shift\u003c/a> in how universities and their faculty share research, build reputations and preserve knowledge in the digital age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11761669\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-800x619.jpg\" alt=\"Accessing a journal no longer means going to a periodicals room.\" width=\"800\" height=\"619\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11761669\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-800x619.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb-1020x789.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190306-100796-1cwusvb.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Accessing a journal no longer means going to a periodicals room. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"\">Newton W. Elwell\u003c/a>/Boston Public Library/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Moving From Stacks to Screens\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Here’s how things traditionally worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Universities have always subscribed to scientific journals so their researchers can study and build on the work that came before, and won’t needlessly duplicate research they never knew about. In the print age, university library shelves were lined with journals, available for any researcher or – in the case of public universities like the University of California – any member of the public to peruse and learn from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, for almost all journals, and a growing number of books, libraries sign contracts to license access to digital versions. Since academic publishers moved their journals online, it has become rare for libraries to subscribe to printed journals, and researchers have adapted to the convenience of accessing journal articles on the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new business model of licensing access to journals online rather than distributing them in print, for-profit publishers often lock libraries into bundled subscriptions that wrap the majority of a publisher’s portfolio of journals – \u003ca href=\"https://www.elsevier.com/books-and-journals\">almost 3,000 in Elsevier’s case\u003c/a> – into a single, multimillion dollar package. Rather than storing back issues on shelves, libraries can lose permanent access to journals when a contract expires. And members of the public can no longer read the library’s copy of a journal because the licenses are limited to members of the university. Now the public must buy online copies of academic articles for an average of $35 to $40 a pop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shift to digital has been good for researchers in many ways. It is far more convenient to search for articles online, and easier to access and download a copy – provided you work for an institution with a paid subscription. Modern software makes organizing and annotating them simpler, too. With all of these benefits, no one would advocate for going back to the old days of print journals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online access to journals did not improve the picture overall. Despite digital copies of articles costing nothing to duplicate and the cost of producing an article online being lower than in the past, the cost to libraries of licensing access to them has continued to experience \u003ca href=\"https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/5yr_ongoing-resource-expenditures_by_type.pdf\">hyperinflation\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/academic-journal-publishing-is-headed-for-a-day-of-reckoning-80869\">No library\u003c/a> can afford to license all the journals its faculty and students want access to, and many researchers around the world are shut out completely. Compounding the problem, \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127502\">consolidation in the scholarly publishing market\u003c/a> has reduced competition significantly, causing even more price inflexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Excessive Profits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Academic publishers certainly bear costs. They pay for professional editors and programmers, they manage the peer review process, they market their journals and so on. However, their revenues far exceed these costs and are among the highest of any companies in the world. Elsevier’s profit margin is reported to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/kittyknowles/2018/06/13/blockchain-science-iris-ai-project-aiur-elsevier-academic-journal-london-tech-week-cogx/\">nearly 40%\u003c/a>, far higher than even Apple at \u003ca href=\"https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/AAPL/apple/profit-margins\">around 23%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where social media platforms like Facebook profit from – and indeed, would not exist without – the content generated by users, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/mar/04/the-guardian-view-on-academic-publishing-disastrous-capitalism\">the parallel is true\u003c/a> for academic journals. Companies like Elsevier receive articles from university faculty and other researchers for free, summarizing research that was often publicly funded by government grants. Then other faculty and researchers serve on their editorial boards and peer-review those articles for free or a nominal fee. Finally the company publishes them in journals available only behind a paywall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s the rub: the paywall. The great promise of the internet was that it would make \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_wants_to_be_free\">knowledge more freely and easily accessible\u003c/a>. In the world of academic research – where new discoveries are made and new knowledge is born – the hope 20 years ago was that the advent of online platforms would make research articles universally available. It would also bring down the cost of publishing scholarly journals and, consequently, begin to reduce the multimillion dollar subscription costs borne by universities and other research institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, articles are not readily available to everyone, subscription costs have continued to rise, and subscribers’ rights have eroded, including what they can do with articles they buy and their ability to provide long-term access to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened to sharing knowledge with the people who need it, funded or created it?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Model for the Digital Age\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Maybe it’s time to just blow up the whole system and start over. But today’s scholarly system of sharing knowledge evolved over hundreds of years and contains certain qualities – peer review of accuracy, editorial judgment, long-term preservation – that still matter deeply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While research products – books, journals and articles – would definitely benefit from modernization in the digital age, we at the University of California are focusing on fixing the business model first. Paywalls and online subscriptions may make sense in other parts of the media ecosystem, but it’s not a good model for academic publishing, where authors and reviewers are paid by universities and research grants (with public money) rather than by publishers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11761672\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-800x417.jpg\" alt=\" The open access movement would get rid of paywalls and let anyone read anything for free. \" width=\"800\" height=\"417\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11761672\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-800x417.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-160x83.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8-1020x532.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/file-20190307-82688-17ky3w8.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The open access movement would get rid of paywalls and let anyone read anything for free. \u003ccite>(Inked Pixels/Shutterstock.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, the academy has another option for a publishing business model that can better achieve the promise of the internet: open access. In that model, authors, or their funders or institutions, pay the publisher a fee to cover the cost of publishing each article. In exchange, the articles are made freely available for everyone to read online, anywhere, anytime. Article quality is preserved by the same unpaid peer-review system. Libraries at research institutions could shift their payments from licenses and subscriptions to publication fees for their affiliated authors. The cost is theoretically the same, but everyone can read everything for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California has long \u003ca href=\"https://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/open-access-at-uc/open-access-policy/\">supported the ideals of open access\u003c/a> – allowing everyone in the world to access the knowledge created by its faculty and researchers, for the benefit of all. In fact, since open access became an option for publishing, more and more UC authors, following the \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375\">global trend\u003c/a>, have independently chosen to pay their publisher a fee in order to make their article freely available to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those fees come on top of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/why-uc-split-publishing-giant-elsevier\">tens of millions of dollars\u003c/a> that the university is already paying the publisher for access to the same articles. This “\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-science-of-the-tax-dollar-double-dip-1459379449\">double dipping\u003c/a>” by publishers was the final straw in UC’s resolve to change the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several years ago, \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_Sp-B_0AAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao\">I worked\u003c/a> with colleagues within the University of California and other academic research institutions to study the \u003ca href=\"https://www.library.ucdavis.edu/icis/uc-pay-it-forward-project/\">costs of publishing with this open access model\u003c/a>. We found that, while costs would shift and more research-grant funds may need to be applied to publishing fees, \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284316481\">overall it would be affordable\u003c/a> for research universities, at least in North America where libraries are relatively well funded. With these results, UC could see a way out of its dilemma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When UC’s contract with Elsevier was up for renewal, we resolved to put our ideas into practice and pursue the twin goals of increasing open access to UC’s research while containing or lowering our journal-related costs – and finally achieving something of the promise of the internet. While I was not on UC’s negotiating team, I was among the group of faculty and library leaders that worked closely with them and decided to take this step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, UC’s researchers will have to find other ways to get Elsevier journal articles than the online access they have become accustomed to. Many of those articles are already \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-scientist.com/daily-news/open-access-on-the-rise-study-31125\">freely available\u003c/a> on the web and the rest can be borrowed from libraries or requested from authors. There are also a growing number of tools like \u003ca href=\"https://unpaywall.org/\">Unpaywall\u003c/a>, which searches the web for free copies of articles, to help researchers with that transition. But for busy researchers with little time to spare, convenience is king, and they’ll likely soon learn from experience why achieving 100% open access to research articles is so important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC’s goals are ambitious and their implementation will be complex. Changing a system this intricate is akin to modernizing the FAA’s air traffic control system – a million planes are in the air at any moment and altering anything can have serious consequences elsewhere. But we have to start somewhere or the whole system is at risk, and UC has placed its bet. We join an expanding \u003ca href=\"https://oa2020.org/mission/#eois\">global movement\u003c/a>, and we believe we’re now on the path to a better system for sharing knowledge in the 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is an updated version of \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/university-of-californias-break-with-the-biggest-academic-publisher-could-shake-up-scholarly-publishing-for-good-112941\">an article\u003c/a> originally published on March 7, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is republished from \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com\">The Conversation\u003c/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/university-of-californias-showdown-with-the-biggest-academic-publisher-aims-to-change-scholarly-publishing-for-good-120323\">original article\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Heather Williams knew as a kid that she wanted to be a piano teacher. She earned her music degree with a piano emphasis from Brigham Young University and spent decades honing her craft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, she not only runs her own academy near Sacramento, offering private lessons with a special certification in the Suzuki Method of instruction, but also teaches in public schools, even though she does not have a state teaching credential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How? Via a loophole that lets charter schools skip some of the credentialing requirements of teachers in traditional public school classrooms. The exception has allowed Williams to offer music instruction to homeschool charter students and to group classes in brick-and-mortar charters such as the Sacramento-based California Montessori Project network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proponents say it encourages enrichment in the state’s privately run sector of the public school system. In recent months, however, that loophole, like many other state rules that apply to charters, has drawn legislative attention. And influential lawmakers say it could be on its way out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"charter-schools\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although most teachers in traditional public schools in California are required to obtain a teaching credential, state law grants charter schools “flexibility” in credentialing requirements for teachers of classes outside of the “core” subjects of math, reading, science and social studies, as well as “college prep” courses such as Advanced Placement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter advocates and local school officials say the ability to expand limited applicant pools to include, say, professional artists, helps ensure a breadth of course offerings in areas such as dance, theater and music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But charter school critics say the exception has been abused, and that standards need to be clarified to ensure that every student attending California public schools has a fully prepared and trained teacher. They point to new data showing some charters have high proportions of teachers who don’t meet state credentialing standards, even for some required core courses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I entered the chair of the Assembly Education Committee, I assumed all school districts and charter schools believed that it was imperative that they have a credentialed teacher in their classrooms. And unfortunately, that’s not the case,” said Democratic Assemblyman Patrick O’Donnell of Long Beach, who heads the Assembly’s education panel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s about kids,” O’Donnell said. “The goal here is to ensure that every student attending a California school funded with public money has a qualified teacher in the classroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do that, O’Donnell introduced legislation toughening credentialing standards, part of a high-profile push to more closely regulate California’s 1,300 charter schools. The effort has focused most publicly on sweeping governance changes that could curb the growth of charters. But a key piece of legislation also includes a proposal to change who is allowed to teach in charters, which are mostly staffed by non-union employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1505\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Assembly Bill 1505,\u003c/a> which \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/charter-school-bills-california-assembly-ab1505-odonnell/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">narrowly passed the Assembly in May\u003c/a>, would require that all California public school teachers hired after Jan. 1, 2020, whether district or charter, hold the proper credentials for the classes that they are teaching. If passed, the proposal would also affect how the state tracks teachers whose credentials don’t match the specific classes they’re assigned to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the proposed language essentially grandfathers in teachers currently leading non-core classes in charters, some charter advocates and local school officials oppose the effort, saying it goes against the state’s intent that charter schools be innovative in their curriculum and instruction. They note that charter teachers already comply with many aspects of the credentialing process, such as fingerprinting and background checks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter arts teachers, meanwhile, say that in their fields, credentialing mandates can rule out good teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, the piano teacher, says she is as qualified to teach music as someone who is credentialed through the state, “if not more, because my experience compounds on top of my training and education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would love to continue teaching music in the charter schools because I’m good at it and I love it, and I’d be very sad if I was limited because I don’t have those credentials,” she said. “But what I do have is 30 years of teaching experience. What I do have is a long life of experience, and with my [academy] already up and running, I wouldn’t have time to go and get my credentials at this point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, appropriately credentialed teachers have obtained a college degree, completed a formal training program, proved mastery over the subject matter they’re teaching and have finished or are in the process of completing professional development specifically aimed at rookie teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Marquez, the chief lobbyist for the California Charter Schools Association, said it’s “not unusual” for charters to hire teachers who are not credentialed but have specific professional expertise, such as artists, professional dancers or actors with Broadway experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernando Aguilar, principal of Creative Arts K-8, a San Francisco charter school, said the flexibility in current law has allowed his school to staff teachers in arts, theater, dance, music and visual arts — subjects he said don’t always fully align with the state’s credentialing structure. For example, he said, a person with professional experience as a dancer would be required to hold a credential in physical education under the traditional requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar said he tries to hire teachers who have the appropriate credentials, and provides rigorous professional development for teachers who do not. Creative Arts K-8, he noted, has been recognized by the state for its arts programs as well as its efforts to narrow the achievement gap with the help of the credentialing flexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are able to prove that this is working for students, that they are being able to thrive in a situation like this, then I wonder why you want to stop that or hinder that at this point,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-bPbYB\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important;\" title=\"Map: Map: Where Are Students Attending Charter Schools?\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/bPbYB/7/\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" aria-describedby=\"The majority of California's charter school student population is concentrated in Los Angeles, San Diego and Bay Area counties. Hover through the counties on each map for more information on their charter school growth.\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the state were to remove the credentialing flexibility for non-core charter teachers, Aguilar added, “my concern would be, are we going to be able to run the same innovative programs at this high level moving forward?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kathy Warren, a high school English teacher in the Novato School District, said professional expertise alone, even for teachers of non-core subjects, is not enough to successfully navigate “a very complex and oftentimes brutal profession.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just because someone can wake up in the middle of the night and get an artistic inspiration and create a Van Gogh, doesn’t mean that he or she can then turn around into a classroom and successfully get kids to create the same level of mastery,” Warren said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether California continues to allow flexibility in teacher credentialing requirements at charters will impact how the state counts misassignments — say, an English-credentialed high school teacher who is teaching math, or a teacher leading a special education classroom without the proper training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, the state annually examines such mismatches for only the lowest-performing schools, while monitoring the majority of district schools’ misassignments on four-year cycles — and not monitoring charter schools for this at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Donnell points to data from this monitoring program in arguing for stronger credentialing requirements at charters. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An analysis \u003c/a>of the misassignment bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AB 1219\u003c/a>, included data showing that in one unnamed district, 53% of charter teachers leading “core” classes were misassigned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those misassigned charter teachers, about half held an Adult Education Teaching Credential, which only requires a high school diploma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collected by the state’s Commission on Teacher Credentialing, the data represented only that one district’s charters. But O’Donnell believes charter schools have altogether misinterpreted the state’s credentialing exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Too many charters, he said, are “trying to get around something that might take some time and might take up some resources, but ultimately is in the best interest of child safety and student learning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/docs/default-source/commission/reports/am-2015-2017.pdf?sfvrsn=2\">report\u003c/a> by the commission, which regulates teacher certification statewide, last year found a 16% increase in teacher misassignments in 2016-17 over the previous school year — with special education making up the largest share. Even so, misassignments accounted for less than 3% of the pool of nearly 70,000 teachers checked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michele Perrault, the commission’s director for the division of administrative services, said wherever the debate lands, these numbers matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea is that every student in California classrooms should have a teacher who’s properly assigned, that is fully ready to meet their child’s needs the day they walk into that classroom,” Perrault said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does that mean somebody who is not fully credentialed properly can’t do that? No. But the chances are if they are fully credentialed versus walking in without anything, they’re obviously going to have more tools in their belt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Heather Williams knew as a kid that she wanted to be a piano teacher. She earned her music degree with a piano emphasis from Brigham Young University and spent decades honing her craft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, she not only runs her own academy near Sacramento, offering private lessons with a special certification in the Suzuki Method of instruction, but also teaches in public schools, even though she does not have a state teaching credential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How? Via a loophole that lets charter schools skip some of the credentialing requirements of teachers in traditional public school classrooms. The exception has allowed Williams to offer music instruction to homeschool charter students and to group classes in brick-and-mortar charters such as the Sacramento-based California Montessori Project network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proponents say it encourages enrichment in the state’s privately run sector of the public school system. In recent months, however, that loophole, like many other state rules that apply to charters, has drawn legislative attention. And influential lawmakers say it could be on its way out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although most teachers in traditional public schools in California are required to obtain a teaching credential, state law grants charter schools “flexibility” in credentialing requirements for teachers of classes outside of the “core” subjects of math, reading, science and social studies, as well as “college prep” courses such as Advanced Placement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter advocates and local school officials say the ability to expand limited applicant pools to include, say, professional artists, helps ensure a breadth of course offerings in areas such as dance, theater and music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But charter school critics say the exception has been abused, and that standards need to be clarified to ensure that every student attending California public schools has a fully prepared and trained teacher. They point to new data showing some charters have high proportions of teachers who don’t meet state credentialing standards, even for some required core courses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I entered the chair of the Assembly Education Committee, I assumed all school districts and charter schools believed that it was imperative that they have a credentialed teacher in their classrooms. And unfortunately, that’s not the case,” said Democratic Assemblyman Patrick O’Donnell of Long Beach, who heads the Assembly’s education panel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s about kids,” O’Donnell said. “The goal here is to ensure that every student attending a California school funded with public money has a qualified teacher in the classroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do that, O’Donnell introduced legislation toughening credentialing standards, part of a high-profile push to more closely regulate California’s 1,300 charter schools. The effort has focused most publicly on sweeping governance changes that could curb the growth of charters. But a key piece of legislation also includes a proposal to change who is allowed to teach in charters, which are mostly staffed by non-union employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1505\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Assembly Bill 1505,\u003c/a> which \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/charter-school-bills-california-assembly-ab1505-odonnell/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">narrowly passed the Assembly in May\u003c/a>, would require that all California public school teachers hired after Jan. 1, 2020, whether district or charter, hold the proper credentials for the classes that they are teaching. If passed, the proposal would also affect how the state tracks teachers whose credentials don’t match the specific classes they’re assigned to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the proposed language essentially grandfathers in teachers currently leading non-core classes in charters, some charter advocates and local school officials oppose the effort, saying it goes against the state’s intent that charter schools be innovative in their curriculum and instruction. They note that charter teachers already comply with many aspects of the credentialing process, such as fingerprinting and background checks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter arts teachers, meanwhile, say that in their fields, credentialing mandates can rule out good teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, the piano teacher, says she is as qualified to teach music as someone who is credentialed through the state, “if not more, because my experience compounds on top of my training and education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would love to continue teaching music in the charter schools because I’m good at it and I love it, and I’d be very sad if I was limited because I don’t have those credentials,” she said. “But what I do have is 30 years of teaching experience. What I do have is a long life of experience, and with my [academy] already up and running, I wouldn’t have time to go and get my credentials at this point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, appropriately credentialed teachers have obtained a college degree, completed a formal training program, proved mastery over the subject matter they’re teaching and have finished or are in the process of completing professional development specifically aimed at rookie teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Marquez, the chief lobbyist for the California Charter Schools Association, said it’s “not unusual” for charters to hire teachers who are not credentialed but have specific professional expertise, such as artists, professional dancers or actors with Broadway experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernando Aguilar, principal of Creative Arts K-8, a San Francisco charter school, said the flexibility in current law has allowed his school to staff teachers in arts, theater, dance, music and visual arts — subjects he said don’t always fully align with the state’s credentialing structure. For example, he said, a person with professional experience as a dancer would be required to hold a credential in physical education under the traditional requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar said he tries to hire teachers who have the appropriate credentials, and provides rigorous professional development for teachers who do not. Creative Arts K-8, he noted, has been recognized by the state for its arts programs as well as its efforts to narrow the achievement gap with the help of the credentialing flexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are able to prove that this is working for students, that they are being able to thrive in a situation like this, then I wonder why you want to stop that or hinder that at this point,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-bPbYB\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important;\" title=\"Map: Map: Where Are Students Attending Charter Schools?\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/bPbYB/7/\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" aria-describedby=\"The majority of California's charter school student population is concentrated in Los Angeles, San Diego and Bay Area counties. Hover through the counties on each map for more information on their charter school growth.\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the state were to remove the credentialing flexibility for non-core charter teachers, Aguilar added, “my concern would be, are we going to be able to run the same innovative programs at this high level moving forward?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kathy Warren, a high school English teacher in the Novato School District, said professional expertise alone, even for teachers of non-core subjects, is not enough to successfully navigate “a very complex and oftentimes brutal profession.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just because someone can wake up in the middle of the night and get an artistic inspiration and create a Van Gogh, doesn’t mean that he or she can then turn around into a classroom and successfully get kids to create the same level of mastery,” Warren said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether California continues to allow flexibility in teacher credentialing requirements at charters will impact how the state counts misassignments — say, an English-credentialed high school teacher who is teaching math, or a teacher leading a special education classroom without the proper training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, the state annually examines such mismatches for only the lowest-performing schools, while monitoring the majority of district schools’ misassignments on four-year cycles — and not monitoring charter schools for this at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Donnell points to data from this monitoring program in arguing for stronger credentialing requirements at charters. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An analysis \u003c/a>of the misassignment bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AB 1219\u003c/a>, included data showing that in one unnamed district, 53% of charter teachers leading “core” classes were misassigned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those misassigned charter teachers, about half held an Adult Education Teaching Credential, which only requires a high school diploma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collected by the state’s Commission on Teacher Credentialing, the data represented only that one district’s charters. But O’Donnell believes charter schools have altogether misinterpreted the state’s credentialing exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Too many charters, he said, are “trying to get around something that might take some time and might take up some resources, but ultimately is in the best interest of child safety and student learning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctc.ca.gov/docs/default-source/commission/reports/am-2015-2017.pdf?sfvrsn=2\">report\u003c/a> by the commission, which regulates teacher certification statewide, last year found a 16% increase in teacher misassignments in 2016-17 over the previous school year — with special education making up the largest share. Even so, misassignments accounted for less than 3% of the pool of nearly 70,000 teachers checked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michele Perrault, the commission’s director for the division of administrative services, said wherever the debate lands, these numbers matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea is that every student in California classrooms should have a teacher who’s properly assigned, that is fully ready to meet their child’s needs the day they walk into that classroom,” Perrault said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does that mean somebody who is not fully credentialed properly can’t do that? No. But the chances are if they are fully credentialed versus walking in without anything, they’re obviously going to have more tools in their belt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hayley Hodson’s volleyball career took off when she was still in high school, with an invitation to compete on the U.S. Women’s National Team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Hayley Hodson, former member of Stanford volleyball team']‘My dreams of playing in the Olympics are over. It has been a devastating and difficult, not to mention expensive, journey.’[/pullquote]As she traveled the world winning medals, the Newport Beach student took care not to run afoul of NCAA eligibility rules barring prospective college athletes from accepting financial compensation, her sights still set on playing for a top school. She turned down an endorsement deal with a sunglasses brand and the stipend offered to her teammates, she says, telling herself there would be time later to play professionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But later never came for Hodson, who suffered a career-ending head injury on the court during her freshman year at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dreams of playing in the Olympics are over,” Hodson, 22, said in an email. “It has been a devastating and difficult, not to mention expensive, journey.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s how Hodson found herself testifying this spring in the California Senate in support of the “Fair Pay to Play Act,” which would allow student athletes to profit from the use of their name, image or likeness. Authored by Sen. Nancy Skinner, the bill would directly contradict NCAA policies enforcing amateurism in college sports, and is the latest front in an ongoing battle over student athlete compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past controversies have focused on whether men’s football and basketball stars should share in the revenue they generate for what has become a multi-billion-dollar college sports industry. Skinner, however, is making the novel argument that the students most likely to benefit from her bill are those on the lower rungs of the athletic-industrial complex — female athletes, those in low-profile sports, and even community college players. Those students, she says, often don’t receive athletic scholarships and might never go pro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While they’re in college is the time when their reputation is the largest, their athletic prowess is the greatest, and they haven’t been injured yet,” Skinner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11756875']The NCAA set up a working group in May to study whether to change its policies on paid endorsements, and the University of California, California State University, and the Association of Independent California Colleges and Universities — the trade group representing the state’s private colleges — have all come out against Skinner’s proposal. The schools cite concerns that their athletes could be barred from competition if California takes action before the NCAA finishes its review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC also raised another fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Allowing student-athletes to receive compensation from outside sponsors would jeopardize the University’s existing sponsorship agreements, leading to budget cuts … ,” the university’s legislative director wrote in a letter to lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759241\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11759241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut.jpg 1040w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. \u003ccite>(Jack Rosenfeld via Creative Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sports are big business at the University of California and other colleges with Division 1 teams. The two highest-earning employees at UC in 2017 were athletic coaches, each making more than $2.5 million that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some athletes “don’t have enough money to go home and see their family, yet they see their coaches driving away in $100,000 cars,” said Eddie Comeaux, a professor of higher education at UC Riverside who studies college athletics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness in a video game without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. Scholarships now can include books, transportation and unlimited meal plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not every athlete benefits, though. Just over half of Division 1 players receive athletic scholarships, according to the NCAA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Nancy Lough, University of Nevada Las Vegas professor']‘I don’t see that these athletes are going to get wealthy because this bill is passed.’[/pullquote]At California’s community colleges, football players from around the country flock to a separate league, hoping to be noticed by a Division 1 recruiter while they work on their academic or athletic qualifications. Out-of-state students pay higher tuition at community colleges, as much as $7,000 per year depending on the campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first it was real tough, you know, not being on a scholarship, having to pay for everything out here already,” said BJ Williams, a defensive back who relocated from Florida to play at Mt. San Antonio College. “That’s a lot of money out of pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams said he shared a three-bedroom apartment with six other students to save on rent. His football schedule, he said, didn’t allow time for a part-time job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner argues that Williams and other less-high-profile athletes could earn sponsorships from their hometown businesses if her bill passes. If they’re lucky enough to star in a video that goes viral — like UCLA gymnast Katelyn Ohashi did earlier this year — they could monetize that. The bill would prevent colleges or the NCAA from taking action against athletes who pursue such opportunities, or who contract with agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how many of those opportunities would actually pan out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got the rare cases, like [former Duke basketball player] Zion Williamson, where companies would be lined up,” said Nancy Lough, a University of Nevada Las Vegas professor and former collegiate coach who studies gender and marketing in college sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beyond that, I think we’re talking small potatoes here. There may be a local car dealership where the community really resonates with the athlete and they decide to sponsor them. I don’t see that these athletes are going to get wealthy because this bill is passed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='BJ Williams, a defensive back who relocated from Florida to play at Mt. San Antonio College']‘At first it was real tough, you know, not being on a scholarship, having to pay for everything out here already.’[/pullquote]Probably the biggest impact if the legislation passes, said Lough, is that “NCAA committees would get busier and more intentional on deciding how they’re actually going to deal with this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’d have time: The measure wouldn’t take effect until 2023. It is scheduled to be heard by the Assembly’s higher education committee July 9.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearing comes after NCAA President Mark Emmert wrote to another Assembly committee, urging it to delay the bill. The legislation “threatens to alter materially the principles of intercollegiate athletics and create local differences that would make it impossible to host fair national championships,” Emmert wrote in what some saw as a veiled threat to exclude California teams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee passed SB 206 anyway, but staffers added an unusually vivid warning to the typically — dry legislative analysis that accompanies each bill. “Beyond this,” they wrote, “there be dragons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Student journalist Andres Soto of CALmatters’ Cost of College project contributed reporting. This story and other higher education coverage are supported by the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As she traveled the world winning medals, the Newport Beach student took care not to run afoul of NCAA eligibility rules barring prospective college athletes from accepting financial compensation, her sights still set on playing for a top school. She turned down an endorsement deal with a sunglasses brand and the stipend offered to her teammates, she says, telling herself there would be time later to play professionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But later never came for Hodson, who suffered a career-ending head injury on the court during her freshman year at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dreams of playing in the Olympics are over,” Hodson, 22, said in an email. “It has been a devastating and difficult, not to mention expensive, journey.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s how Hodson found herself testifying this spring in the California Senate in support of the “Fair Pay to Play Act,” which would allow student athletes to profit from the use of their name, image or likeness. Authored by Sen. Nancy Skinner, the bill would directly contradict NCAA policies enforcing amateurism in college sports, and is the latest front in an ongoing battle over student athlete compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past controversies have focused on whether men’s football and basketball stars should share in the revenue they generate for what has become a multi-billion-dollar college sports industry. Skinner, however, is making the novel argument that the students most likely to benefit from her bill are those on the lower rungs of the athletic-industrial complex — female athletes, those in low-profile sports, and even community college players. Those students, she says, often don’t receive athletic scholarships and might never go pro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While they’re in college is the time when their reputation is the largest, their athletic prowess is the greatest, and they haven’t been injured yet,” Skinner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The NCAA set up a working group in May to study whether to change its policies on paid endorsements, and the University of California, California State University, and the Association of Independent California Colleges and Universities — the trade group representing the state’s private colleges — have all come out against Skinner’s proposal. The schools cite concerns that their athletes could be barred from competition if California takes action before the NCAA finishes its review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC also raised another fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Allowing student-athletes to receive compensation from outside sponsors would jeopardize the University’s existing sponsorship agreements, leading to budget cuts … ,” the university’s legislative director wrote in a letter to lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11759241\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11759241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/07052019_Ed-OBannon_NCAA_Fair-Pay-to-Play-Act_college-athletes_university-athletes_Nancy-Skinner-qut.jpg 1040w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. \u003ccite>(Jack Rosenfeld via Creative Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sports are big business at the University of California and other colleges with Division 1 teams. The two highest-earning employees at UC in 2017 were athletic coaches, each making more than $2.5 million that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some athletes “don’t have enough money to go home and see their family, yet they see their coaches driving away in $100,000 cars,” said Eddie Comeaux, a professor of higher education at UC Riverside who studies college athletics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit by former UCLA basketball star Ed O’Bannon over the use of his likeness in a video game without compensation led to a 2015 court ruling that the NCAA must allow schools to cover athletes’ full cost of attendance. Scholarships now can include books, transportation and unlimited meal plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not every athlete benefits, though. Just over half of Division 1 players receive athletic scholarships, according to the NCAA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At California’s community colleges, football players from around the country flock to a separate league, hoping to be noticed by a Division 1 recruiter while they work on their academic or athletic qualifications. Out-of-state students pay higher tuition at community colleges, as much as $7,000 per year depending on the campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first it was real tough, you know, not being on a scholarship, having to pay for everything out here already,” said BJ Williams, a defensive back who relocated from Florida to play at Mt. San Antonio College. “That’s a lot of money out of pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams said he shared a three-bedroom apartment with six other students to save on rent. His football schedule, he said, didn’t allow time for a part-time job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner argues that Williams and other less-high-profile athletes could earn sponsorships from their hometown businesses if her bill passes. If they’re lucky enough to star in a video that goes viral — like UCLA gymnast Katelyn Ohashi did earlier this year — they could monetize that. The bill would prevent colleges or the NCAA from taking action against athletes who pursue such opportunities, or who contract with agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how many of those opportunities would actually pan out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got the rare cases, like [former Duke basketball player] Zion Williamson, where companies would be lined up,” said Nancy Lough, a University of Nevada Las Vegas professor and former collegiate coach who studies gender and marketing in college sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beyond that, I think we’re talking small potatoes here. There may be a local car dealership where the community really resonates with the athlete and they decide to sponsor them. I don’t see that these athletes are going to get wealthy because this bill is passed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"order": 9
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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