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"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">Hundreds of wildfires have scorched over 3 million acres in California this year. That’s the most burned land for any year on record in the state, and we’re still only about halfway through the fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Smoke from those fires \u003c/span>polluted the air in the Bay Area for 30 straight days in August and September, prompting the Bay Area Air Quality Management District to issue the longest consecutive string of “Spare the Air” alerts in its history, more than doubling the previous record of 14, set during the Camp Fire in November 2018. Within the recent period of smoke inundation came the six worst air quality days in the Bay Area in 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“Smoke is everywhere,” Wayne Kino, a pollution control officer with the regional air district, told the agency’s board last week. “Smoke generated at the fires, smoke lingering out at the ocean, is coming in. It’s some of the worst air quality we’ve experienced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">Emergency room doctors at Sutter’s Alta Bates Summit Medical Center in Oakland have begun to see patients sickened by\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>the smoke, reporting a flare-up in asthma and emphysema-related admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re starting to see a cumulative effect,” said Ronn Berrol, medical director of Alta Bates’ emergency department. “Our numbers are going up — respiratory, throat irritation, coughing, chest pain, heart palpitations. A real gamut of things; the uptick is definitely noticeable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">In the South Bay, Dr. Mary Prunicki, director of air pollution and health research at Stanford’s allergy and asthma research center, analyzed hospital records during the fires and found admissions of patients with asthma attacks up 10%. For people with stroke-like symptoms, the increase was 23%, including 43% for seniors.\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cbr>\n“This is the first time the Bay Area has ever really experienced something like this,” Prunicki said, about the persistently degraded air quality, which she described as “remarkably bad.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cb>A Choking Fog of Particulate Matter\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">While officials have been focused on the severe damage caused by the fires, the profusion of smoke is a disastrous event on its own, touching the lives of nearly every person breathing on the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">At times the “smokestorm” was so thick, it obscured and filtered the sunlight, bathing the Bay Area in an orange hue reminiscent of one of the bleak sci-fi landscapes in\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>“Blade Runner 2049.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">Plumes of wildfire smoke blanketed the West Coast from Seattle to San Diego and beyond. Last week, an early-season storm blew the smoke clouds east across the continental U.S., shrouding the sun in faraway states like \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSNewYorkNY/status/1305666259141312514?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1305666259141312514%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-54173615\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">New York\u003c/span>\u003c/a> and giving the Bay Area a much needed breather, literally, from the dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/WMO/status/1307990230696431617?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when the coronavirus pandemic has prevented much indoor socializing, the wildfire smoke inhibited Californians’ already restricted access to the outdoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">The smokestorm could make the worst public health crisis in a century even worse, \u003cspan class=\"s5\">Prunicki says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Exposure to smoke pollution will make you more susceptible to viruses,” she said. “And studies have shown that higher COVID-19 rates are associated with increased air pollution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some research has also found exposure to wildfire smoke associated with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3440113/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slightly lower birth weights\u003c/a> and a greater risk of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6801422/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">preterm birth\u003c/a>. An ongoing UC Davis \u003ca href=\"https://environmentalhealth.ucdavis.edu/wildfire-pregnancy-research-B-SAFE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> is looking at wildfire smoke’s effect on the health of pregnant women and their babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Fall Wildfire Outlook Does Not Look Good\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full consequences of the terrible air quality won’t be known until the fires — already existing and yet to come — stop burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The table was set for this year’s record-breaking wildfires by a century of fire suppression that allowed vegetation to build up and feed the recent conflagrations, and a\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CAgovernor/status/1305591609434796032?s=20\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\"> three-degree climb\u003c/span>\u003c/a> over two decades in California’s average summer temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The warming temperatures, driven by climate change, exacerbated drought conditions and primed Sierra and North Coast forests to burn. When thunderstorms swept across the hillsides in August, thousands of dry lightning strikes sparked hundreds of fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">In recent years, Northern California’s biggest fires — like last year’s Kincade Fire in Sonoma County — occurred when Diablo winds ripped across dried-out hillsides full of tinder in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a NOAA climate assessment briefing last week, federal meteorologist Brad Pugh said Northern California faces a worse-than-average autumn wildfire outlook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With expanding drought and above-normal temperatures during October, November, December, that elevates the chances for continued wildfire risk,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA estimates the total cost of California’s August wildfires at a billion dollars, minimum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jon Brooks contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">Hundreds of wildfires have scorched over 3 million acres in California this year. That’s the most burned land for any year on record in the state, and we’re still only about halfway through the fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Smoke from those fires \u003c/span>polluted the air in the Bay Area for 30 straight days in August and September, prompting the Bay Area Air Quality Management District to issue the longest consecutive string of “Spare the Air” alerts in its history, more than doubling the previous record of 14, set during the Camp Fire in November 2018. Within the recent period of smoke inundation came the six worst air quality days in the Bay Area in 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“Smoke is everywhere,” Wayne Kino, a pollution control officer with the regional air district, told the agency’s board last week. “Smoke generated at the fires, smoke lingering out at the ocean, is coming in. It’s some of the worst air quality we’ve experienced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">Emergency room doctors at Sutter’s Alta Bates Summit Medical Center in Oakland have begun to see patients sickened by\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>the smoke, reporting a flare-up in asthma and emphysema-related admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re starting to see a cumulative effect,” said Ronn Berrol, medical director of Alta Bates’ emergency department. “Our numbers are going up — respiratory, throat irritation, coughing, chest pain, heart palpitations. A real gamut of things; the uptick is definitely noticeable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">In the South Bay, Dr. Mary Prunicki, director of air pollution and health research at Stanford’s allergy and asthma research center, analyzed hospital records during the fires and found admissions of patients with asthma attacks up 10%. For people with stroke-like symptoms, the increase was 23%, including 43% for seniors.\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cbr>\n“This is the first time the Bay Area has ever really experienced something like this,” Prunicki said, about the persistently degraded air quality, which she described as “remarkably bad.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>At a time when the coronavirus pandemic has prevented much indoor socializing, the wildfire smoke inhibited Californians’ already restricted access to the outdoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">The smokestorm could make the worst public health crisis in a century even worse, \u003cspan class=\"s5\">Prunicki says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Exposure to smoke pollution will make you more susceptible to viruses,” she said. “And studies have shown that higher COVID-19 rates are associated with increased air pollution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some research has also found exposure to wildfire smoke associated with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3440113/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slightly lower birth weights\u003c/a> and a greater risk of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6801422/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">preterm birth\u003c/a>. An ongoing UC Davis \u003ca href=\"https://environmentalhealth.ucdavis.edu/wildfire-pregnancy-research-B-SAFE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> is looking at wildfire smoke’s effect on the health of pregnant women and their babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Fall Wildfire Outlook Does Not Look Good\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full consequences of the terrible air quality won’t be known until the fires — already existing and yet to come — stop burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The table was set for this year’s record-breaking wildfires by a century of fire suppression that allowed vegetation to build up and feed the recent conflagrations, and a\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CAgovernor/status/1305591609434796032?s=20\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\"> three-degree climb\u003c/span>\u003c/a> over two decades in California’s average summer temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The warming temperatures, driven by climate change, exacerbated drought conditions and primed Sierra and North Coast forests to burn. When thunderstorms swept across the hillsides in August, thousands of dry lightning strikes sparked hundreds of fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">In recent years, Northern California’s biggest fires — like last year’s Kincade Fire in Sonoma County — occurred when Diablo winds ripped across dried-out hillsides full of tinder in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a NOAA climate assessment briefing last week, federal meteorologist Brad Pugh said Northern California faces a worse-than-average autumn wildfire outlook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With expanding drought and above-normal temperatures during October, November, December, that elevates the chances for continued wildfire risk,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA estimates the total cost of California’s August wildfires at a billion dollars, minimum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jon Brooks contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "To Prevent California Wildfires, We Need to Have Some Uncomfortable Conversations",
"headTitle": "To Prevent California Wildfires, We Need to Have Some Uncomfortable Conversations | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The alarming wildfires across the West have got people thinking, once again, how to prevent or at least minimize the catastrophic fire seasons we’ve been experiencing. KQED science reporters\u003cstrong> Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> and \u003cstrong>Molly Peterson\u003c/strong> talked with KQED radio host Brian Watt last week about what the state is and isn’t doing to lower fire risk and minimize the destruction caused by large fires. \u003c/span>The following has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cstrong>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">You have been reporting for a while on some of the possible solutions to California’s wildfire problem, like prescribed burns …\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Molly Peterson\u003c/strong>: Right, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927354/controlled-burns-can-help-solve-californias-fire-problem-so-why-arent-there-more-of-them\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">idea\u003c/a> that we plan to put fire on the land safely [with the intent of burning up in advance the vegetation wildfires use for fuel.] I have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942299/onetime-enemies-over-logging-are-now-a-community-to-prevent-wildfire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a> from Trinity County about people who want to do that, but they run into bureaucratic obstacles, and I’ve reported about the technical and safety reasons these burns get delayed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton:\u003c/strong> We have also talked about how to make buildings \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1941685/this-california-neighborhood-was-built-to-survive-a-wildfire-and-it-worked\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">less flammable\u003c/a>, and about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1943058/whos-checking-homes-for-flammable-brush-in-some-high-risk-areas-maybe-no-one\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">clearing space\u003c/a> around them to slow an advancing fire.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>But you’ve talked about these things for years, and it feels like not as much of it’s getting done as we need.\u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: That’s exactly the problem. One example: In the early 2000s, up until 2017, an average of just 13,000 acres were intentionally burned in the state every year. In 2018, new laws were passed to try to make prescribed burns easier, and 87,000 acres were burned that year. But scientists believe we need to increase that amount by at least five times. So there’s a long way to go. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: Another example: In 2008, lawmakers passed this transformative set of requirements that has saved houses from big fires in Santa Rosa and Paradise. But 12 years later, houses built before that law still sit in the path of these monster fires, and we’re still not doing for fires what we do for earthquake risk, which is expand requirements and spend money on retrofitting. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: Overall, we do see the state spending more money on fires, but experts say it’s not enough to do what they recommend. And it’s a sign that we’re not changing our mindset about fires dramatically enough.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cstrong>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">So what \u003cem>is\u003c/em> the state doing?\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: The ideas for legislation have fallen into a few categories. One big one is tightening requirements on new buildings and raising money for fixing old ones, and another is improving how we estimate and plan for risk in wildfire zones. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: Several bills worth mentioning have arrived on the governor’s desk in the past week. One requires ember-resistant zones around homes in high fire-risk areas. Another requires Cal Fire to develop a model to better estimate the wildfire risk for communities in the wildland-urban interface. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: Laws to tighten accountability for planning are also on the agenda. On the governor’s desk right now is a bill from Santa Barbara state Sen. Hannah Beth-Jackson, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB182\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB182\u003c/a>. If it becomes law, it would limit how local government can approve development in very-high-risk fire zones, depending on how fire risk is managed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“Too many lives have been lost,” Jackson has said. “Too many communities have been left behind by these deadly wildfires to allow us to continue with business as usual in California.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">She says a lot of communities are making decisions on their own right now, and what she’s advocating for are consistent statewide standards.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">While that bill’s on the governor’s desk, overall it seems like the state of California is still deciding whose responsibility it is to be ready for fire. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Let’s talk about what’s \u003cem>not\u003c/em> being talked about. What’s missing from the conversation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: I think what’s missing is we get hung up on talking about these really specific details, and we often don’t talk about the whole picture, the causes and the solutions. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: Something I’ve been frustrated by is this polarization of whether it’s climate change or forest management that’s causing these catastrophic fires. It’s both, of course, and more. Focusing on this debate means that we’re not doing the important things, like adapting to climate change and finding a way to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/livingwithwildfire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">live with fire\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: I’m a fourth-generation Californian, but I used to live in Louisiana, after Katrina. After that, I can’t help but wonder whether we should talk about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1943266/one-potential-solution-to-fires-in-the-wilderness-dont-build-there\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not living\u003c/a> in some places. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Even if we do everything that the scientists advise us to \u003ci>— \u003c/i>like UC Santa Barbara’s Max Moritz talks about putting firebreaks and vegetation around communities and the wildland urban areas, and spending all this money to harden homes \u003ci>—\u003c/i> are there places in the state that we shouldn’t live, for our own safety? I don’t know the answer to that. Even asking the question is something you’re not supposed to do. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: And I think we really need to reconsider the balance of responsibility in this state. A huge weight is put on local authorities, who are often asked to do more and more by the state and by the public without additional funding. Local authorities then sometimes say it’s got to be neighbors helping neighbors during rough times, and some people, especially the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968076/even-after-care-homes-abandoned-residents-california-still-isnt-ready-for-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vulnerable\u003c/a>, get left out. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: Everyone in California has property rights. To really understand property rights, though, we also have to report on how much it costs to defend property and how much it costs to insure it and how some of those costs are shared by the public. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: In the end, this is all about compromise and trade-offs. To give a specific example, people frequently complain about smoke in the air due to managed burns, but we know that this smoke is less intense, less toxic and easier to manage than out-of-control fires, like the ones we’ve been seeing in the Bay Area.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: I think the biggest thing we don’t talk about is giving up local control. Wildfires are effectively a statewide problem, and often that requires statewide solutions, like the ones we’ve adopted for earthquake risk. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: And when we don’t talk publicly about whether to do things locally or at the state level, those decisions are getting made in private markets by insurers. So not talking about the decision is still basically making a decision.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The alarming wildfires across the West have got people thinking, once again, how to prevent or at least minimize the catastrophic fire seasons we’ve been experiencing. KQED science reporters\u003cstrong> Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> and \u003cstrong>Molly Peterson\u003c/strong> talked with KQED radio host Brian Watt last week about what the state is and isn’t doing to lower fire risk and minimize the destruction caused by large fires. \u003c/span>The following has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cstrong>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">You have been reporting for a while on some of the possible solutions to California’s wildfire problem, like prescribed burns …\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Molly Peterson\u003c/strong>: Right, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927354/controlled-burns-can-help-solve-californias-fire-problem-so-why-arent-there-more-of-them\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">idea\u003c/a> that we plan to put fire on the land safely [with the intent of burning up in advance the vegetation wildfires use for fuel.] I have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942299/onetime-enemies-over-logging-are-now-a-community-to-prevent-wildfire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a> from Trinity County about people who want to do that, but they run into bureaucratic obstacles, and I’ve reported about the technical and safety reasons these burns get delayed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton:\u003c/strong> We have also talked about how to make buildings \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1941685/this-california-neighborhood-was-built-to-survive-a-wildfire-and-it-worked\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">less flammable\u003c/a>, and about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1943058/whos-checking-homes-for-flammable-brush-in-some-high-risk-areas-maybe-no-one\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">clearing space\u003c/a> around them to slow an advancing fire.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>But you’ve talked about these things for years, and it feels like not as much of it’s getting done as we need.\u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: That’s exactly the problem. One example: In the early 2000s, up until 2017, an average of just 13,000 acres were intentionally burned in the state every year. In 2018, new laws were passed to try to make prescribed burns easier, and 87,000 acres were burned that year. But scientists believe we need to increase that amount by at least five times. So there’s a long way to go. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: Another example: In 2008, lawmakers passed this transformative set of requirements that has saved houses from big fires in Santa Rosa and Paradise. But 12 years later, houses built before that law still sit in the path of these monster fires, and we’re still not doing for fires what we do for earthquake risk, which is expand requirements and spend money on retrofitting. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: Overall, we do see the state spending more money on fires, but experts say it’s not enough to do what they recommend. And it’s a sign that we’re not changing our mindset about fires dramatically enough.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cstrong>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">So what \u003cem>is\u003c/em> the state doing?\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: The ideas for legislation have fallen into a few categories. One big one is tightening requirements on new buildings and raising money for fixing old ones, and another is improving how we estimate and plan for risk in wildfire zones. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: Several bills worth mentioning have arrived on the governor’s desk in the past week. One requires ember-resistant zones around homes in high fire-risk areas. Another requires Cal Fire to develop a model to better estimate the wildfire risk for communities in the wildland-urban interface. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: Laws to tighten accountability for planning are also on the agenda. On the governor’s desk right now is a bill from Santa Barbara state Sen. Hannah Beth-Jackson, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB182\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB182\u003c/a>. If it becomes law, it would limit how local government can approve development in very-high-risk fire zones, depending on how fire risk is managed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“Too many lives have been lost,” Jackson has said. “Too many communities have been left behind by these deadly wildfires to allow us to continue with business as usual in California.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">She says a lot of communities are making decisions on their own right now, and what she’s advocating for are consistent statewide standards.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">While that bill’s on the governor’s desk, overall it seems like the state of California is still deciding whose responsibility it is to be ready for fire. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Let’s talk about what’s \u003cem>not\u003c/em> being talked about. What’s missing from the conversation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: I think what’s missing is we get hung up on talking about these really specific details, and we often don’t talk about the whole picture, the causes and the solutions. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: Something I’ve been frustrated by is this polarization of whether it’s climate change or forest management that’s causing these catastrophic fires. It’s both, of course, and more. Focusing on this debate means that we’re not doing the important things, like adapting to climate change and finding a way to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/livingwithwildfire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">live with fire\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: I’m a fourth-generation Californian, but I used to live in Louisiana, after Katrina. After that, I can’t help but wonder whether we should talk about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1943266/one-potential-solution-to-fires-in-the-wilderness-dont-build-there\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not living\u003c/a> in some places. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Even if we do everything that the scientists advise us to \u003ci>— \u003c/i>like UC Santa Barbara’s Max Moritz talks about putting firebreaks and vegetation around communities and the wildland urban areas, and spending all this money to harden homes \u003ci>—\u003c/i> are there places in the state that we shouldn’t live, for our own safety? I don’t know the answer to that. Even asking the question is something you’re not supposed to do. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: And I think we really need to reconsider the balance of responsibility in this state. A huge weight is put on local authorities, who are often asked to do more and more by the state and by the public without additional funding. Local authorities then sometimes say it’s got to be neighbors helping neighbors during rough times, and some people, especially the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968076/even-after-care-homes-abandoned-residents-california-still-isnt-ready-for-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vulnerable\u003c/a>, get left out. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: Everyone in California has property rights. To really understand property rights, though, we also have to report on how much it costs to defend property and how much it costs to insure it and how some of those costs are shared by the public. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: In the end, this is all about compromise and trade-offs. To give a specific example, people frequently complain about smoke in the air due to managed burns, but we know that this smoke is less intense, less toxic and easier to manage than out-of-control fires, like the ones we’ve been seeing in the Bay Area.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Venton\u003c/strong>: I think the biggest thing we don’t talk about is giving up local control. Wildfires are effectively a statewide problem, and often that requires statewide solutions, like the ones we’ve adopted for earthquake risk. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cstrong>Peterson\u003c/strong>: And when we don’t talk publicly about whether to do things locally or at the state level, those decisions are getting made in private markets by insurers. So not talking about the decision is still basically making a decision.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Bay Area Air Quality Improves as Northern California's 'Smokestorm' Finally Eases",
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"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">Millions of Bay Area residents have been living under hazy skies, breathing dense, smoky and frequently hazardous air. Now, the “smokestorm,” as some weather experts have \u003ca href=\"https://weatherwest.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">dubbed\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the choking fog of particulate matter blanketing the region this past week, could be coming to an end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Or at least a much needed intermission.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air in the Bay Area is starting to gradually improve after ranging from “unhealthy for sensitive groups” to “hazardous” across the region. Despite the clearer conditions, a Bay Area Air Quality Management District Spare the Air Alert will run through Wednesday, marking a record 30 consecutive days of poor to terrible air quality. The conditions have made outdoor activity potentially dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">On Tuesday, for the first time in almost a week, air district monitors displayed readings in the moderate, or yellow, range, and satellite images showed visibly lower smoke concentrations for large portions of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“The winds have cleared out some of the lingering smoke,” said Ralph Borrmann, a spokesman for the air district. “Air quality is showing some improvements faster than we anticipated, but there’s still smoke off the ocean, and that’s lingering there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1305941692210581505?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s4\">“We anticipate continuing unhealthy conditions in parts of the Bay Area today,” he said. “Although Sonoma and Marin counties, they are going to enjoy some of the cleanest air quality.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s4\">The National Weather Service \u003ca href=\"https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?afos=afdmtr&wfo=mtr&new\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">forecasts\u003c/span>\u003c/a> a “gradual decrease” in smoke throughout the day as winds pick up from a low pressure system churning in the eastern Pacific. \u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"s5\">\u003cbr>\nCindy Palmer, a \u003c/span>meteorologist with the service, says winds from the early-season storm could push wildfire smoke out of the region by Thursday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“There is still smoke out over the Pacific,” she said. “But we are coming — I don’t want to say quite to the back edge of it yet, because I can still see smoke out there — but it is definitely less in concentration from at least the appearance from satellite.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The reprieve may be short-lived, however, as the winds could kick up the August Complex and North Complex fires burning in Northern California, and a high pressure system could bring more smoke over the weekend, Palmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ezraromero/status/1305662218135109633?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">Millions of Bay Area residents have been living under hazy skies, breathing dense, smoky and frequently hazardous air. Now, the “smokestorm,” as some weather experts have \u003ca href=\"https://weatherwest.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">dubbed\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the choking fog of particulate matter blanketing the region this past week, could be coming to an end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Or at least a much needed intermission.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air in the Bay Area is starting to gradually improve after ranging from “unhealthy for sensitive groups” to “hazardous” across the region. Despite the clearer conditions, a Bay Area Air Quality Management District Spare the Air Alert will run through Wednesday, marking a record 30 consecutive days of poor to terrible air quality. The conditions have made outdoor activity potentially dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">On Tuesday, for the first time in almost a week, air district monitors displayed readings in the moderate, or yellow, range, and satellite images showed visibly lower smoke concentrations for large portions of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“The winds have cleared out some of the lingering smoke,” said Ralph Borrmann, a spokesman for the air district. “Air quality is showing some improvements faster than we anticipated, but there’s still smoke off the ocean, and that’s lingering there.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s4\">“We anticipate continuing unhealthy conditions in parts of the Bay Area today,” he said. “Although Sonoma and Marin counties, they are going to enjoy some of the cleanest air quality.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s4\">The National Weather Service \u003ca href=\"https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?afos=afdmtr&wfo=mtr&new\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">forecasts\u003c/span>\u003c/a> a “gradual decrease” in smoke throughout the day as winds pick up from a low pressure system churning in the eastern Pacific. \u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"s5\">\u003cbr>\nCindy Palmer, a \u003c/span>meteorologist with the service, says winds from the early-season storm could push wildfire smoke out of the region by Thursday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“There is still smoke out over the Pacific,” she said. “But we are coming — I don’t want to say quite to the back edge of it yet, because I can still see smoke out there — but it is definitely less in concentration from at least the appearance from satellite.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The reprieve may be short-lived, however, as the winds could kick up the August Complex and North Complex fires burning in Northern California, and a high pressure system could bring more smoke over the weekend, Palmer said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Biden Says California's Devastating Wildfires Show the 'Fury of Climate Change'",
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"content": "\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2HReBiqgDfQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The fires burning California forests, the storms battering the coast of Florida and the droughts damaging wheat fields across the Midwest show the “fury of climate change everywhere, all this year and right now,” said Joe Biden on Monday in wide-ranging remarks on the climate crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a livestreamed speech from Wilmington, Delaware, Biden detailed how California’s record wildfire year is the latest example of extreme weather events touching all regions of the country driven by global heating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The last 10 years were the hottest decade ever recorded,” he said. “The arctic is literally melting. Parks are actually on fire. And what we are seeing in America and in our communities is connected to this.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden tied this message to his central critique of President Donald Trump, saying his administration has abdicated leadership on climate change — just as he charged Trump did with the worst pandemic in a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“These interlocking crises of our time require action, not denial, require leadership, not scapegoating,” Biden said. “It requires the president to meet the threshold duty of the office, to care for everyone, to defend us from every attack seen and unseen, always and without exception.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here’s the deal,” he continued. “Hurricanes don’t swerve to avoid red states and blue states, wildfires don’t skip towns that voted a certain way. The impacts of climate change don’t pick and choose. That’s because it’s not a partisan phenomenon. It’s science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But like with our federal response to COVID-19, the lack of a national strategy on climate change overall leaves us with a patchwork of solutions,” Biden said. “Matter of fact, it’s been made worse by the changes this administration has made.”\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\nBiden made his remarks a short time before Trump landed at Sacramento McClellan Airport to receive a briefing from Gov. Gavin Newsom. California wildfires have burned more than 3.2 million acres, 4,200 buildings and homes and took the lives of 24 people this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, 28 major wildfires are still burning across the state, and the air quality in the Bay Area has been dirtied by wildfire smoke for four straight weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to reporters in front of Air Force One, Trump deflected a question from \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/1KatieOrr/status/1305638334639857664?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED’s Katie Orr\u003c/a> about the role climate change has played in California’s fires, repeating his well-worn assertion that all California needs to do is manage its forest lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>There has to be good, strong forest management, which I’ve been talking about for three years with the state,” Trump said. “So, hopefully they’ll start doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Trump did not mention that the U.S Forest Service and other federal authorities manage 57% of California’s forests. Trump refuses to acknowledge that climate change exists and has rolled back policies meant to combat warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">It’s true that big fires in California have been stoked by a century of fire suppression that has loaded the state’s forests with fuel. But that vegetation is baking in arid, dry temperatures driven by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Many of California’s largest wildfires in recorded history have occurred in the last decade, with five of the state’s 20 largest fires burning this year, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/daily-wildfire-report/\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Cal Fire\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an introductory session of UC Berkeley’s fall fire science seminar \u003ca href=\"https://frg.berkeley.edu/california-fire-science-seminar-series/\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">series\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, Crystal Kolden, a fire scientist at UC Merced, detailed the many different ways that climate change has exacerbated wildfire conditions in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“It is the incident of drought,” she said, during remarks last week. “It is associated with some of the beetles that are also contributing to vegetation mortality. And then, of course, what we’ve seen this year — and other recent years where we’ve had large events and fatal events — is extreme fire weather.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“The frequency of those things and the magnitude of those things has all been pretty clearly and demonstrably linked to anthropogenic climate change,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Summer forest fires are pushing up the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944993/study-climate-change-a-leading-driver-of-californias-wildfires\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">annual burn rates \u003c/span>\u003c/a>across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has seen a five-fold increase in areas that burn in any given year, with an eight-fold increase in summer forest fires, according to research conducted last year by scientists at Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">That \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001210\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a> suggests hot weather is drying out forests along the North Coast and Sierra Nevada, and the warming temperatures are leading to a steep rise in acres burned every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Millions of Californians have moved into forested areas in recent years. These people — and the power lines and infrastructure that support their communities — are igniting an increasing number of fires.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/2HReBiqgDfQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/2HReBiqgDfQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">The fires burning California forests, the storms battering the coast of Florida and the droughts damaging wheat fields across the Midwest show the “fury of climate change everywhere, all this year and right now,” said Joe Biden on Monday in wide-ranging remarks on the climate crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a livestreamed speech from Wilmington, Delaware, Biden detailed how California’s record wildfire year is the latest example of extreme weather events touching all regions of the country driven by global heating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The last 10 years were the hottest decade ever recorded,” he said. “The arctic is literally melting. Parks are actually on fire. And what we are seeing in America and in our communities is connected to this.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden tied this message to his central critique of President Donald Trump, saying his administration has abdicated leadership on climate change — just as he charged Trump did with the worst pandemic in a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“These interlocking crises of our time require action, not denial, require leadership, not scapegoating,” Biden said. “It requires the president to meet the threshold duty of the office, to care for everyone, to defend us from every attack seen and unseen, always and without exception.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here’s the deal,” he continued. “Hurricanes don’t swerve to avoid red states and blue states, wildfires don’t skip towns that voted a certain way. The impacts of climate change don’t pick and choose. That’s because it’s not a partisan phenomenon. It’s science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But like with our federal response to COVID-19, the lack of a national strategy on climate change overall leaves us with a patchwork of solutions,” Biden said. “Matter of fact, it’s been made worse by the changes this administration has made.”\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\nBiden made his remarks a short time before Trump landed at Sacramento McClellan Airport to receive a briefing from Gov. Gavin Newsom. California wildfires have burned more than 3.2 million acres, 4,200 buildings and homes and took the lives of 24 people this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, 28 major wildfires are still burning across the state, and the air quality in the Bay Area has been dirtied by wildfire smoke for four straight weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to reporters in front of Air Force One, Trump deflected a question from \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/1KatieOrr/status/1305638334639857664?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED’s Katie Orr\u003c/a> about the role climate change has played in California’s fires, repeating his well-worn assertion that all California needs to do is manage its forest lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>There has to be good, strong forest management, which I’ve been talking about for three years with the state,” Trump said. “So, hopefully they’ll start doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Trump did not mention that the U.S Forest Service and other federal authorities manage 57% of California’s forests. Trump refuses to acknowledge that climate change exists and has rolled back policies meant to combat warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">It’s true that big fires in California have been stoked by a century of fire suppression that has loaded the state’s forests with fuel. But that vegetation is baking in arid, dry temperatures driven by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Many of California’s largest wildfires in recorded history have occurred in the last decade, with five of the state’s 20 largest fires burning this year, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/daily-wildfire-report/\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Cal Fire\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an introductory session of UC Berkeley’s fall fire science seminar \u003ca href=\"https://frg.berkeley.edu/california-fire-science-seminar-series/\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">series\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, Crystal Kolden, a fire scientist at UC Merced, detailed the many different ways that climate change has exacerbated wildfire conditions in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“It is the incident of drought,” she said, during remarks last week. “It is associated with some of the beetles that are also contributing to vegetation mortality. And then, of course, what we’ve seen this year — and other recent years where we’ve had large events and fatal events — is extreme fire weather.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“The frequency of those things and the magnitude of those things has all been pretty clearly and demonstrably linked to anthropogenic climate change,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Summer forest fires are pushing up the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944993/study-climate-change-a-leading-driver-of-californias-wildfires\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">annual burn rates \u003c/span>\u003c/a>across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has seen a five-fold increase in areas that burn in any given year, with an eight-fold increase in summer forest fires, according to research conducted last year by scientists at Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">That \u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001210\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a> suggests hot weather is drying out forests along the North Coast and Sierra Nevada, and the warming temperatures are leading to a steep rise in acres burned every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Millions of Californians have moved into forested areas in recent years. These people — and the power lines and infrastructure that support their communities — are igniting an increasing number of fires.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The West Can't Firefight Its Way Out of Yearly Mega-Fires",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s become a near-annual occurrence. A massive wildfire forces thousands of people to flee their homes. Exhausted firefighters warn of its speed and intensity. Smoke smothers cities and states hundreds of miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/24/905480961/record-setting-blazes-continue-to-rip-through-northern-california\">The yearly eruption of hundreds\u003c/a> of wildfires across the West is no longer surprising. What’s surprising is “our society’s ability to continue to tolerate” lives lost and billions of dollars in damages and firefighting costs, year after year, says Tom Harbour, the former director of fire and aviation at the U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Especially, he says, when we know of ways to reduce the risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wave of fires that erupted this week on the West Coast, like previous record-breaking blazes, are further validation of something forest ecologists and fire veterans have been saying for years: that no amount of firefighting resources will avert the next big wildfire. Nine of the top 10 largest wildfires in California history have occurred in the last decade despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/the-state-worker/article239166108.html\">massive investments\u003c/a> in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/california-spends-nearly-300-million-on-helicopters-that-can-drop-water-on/\">new technology\u003c/a> and equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t ‘one more engine, one more hand crew’ our way out of this,” Harbour said. “We’ve got ourselves into a big problem, and it’s taken some time. It’s going to take some time, energy and effort to get our way out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nation needs to rethink its relationship with wildfire, ecologists and firefighters say. Instead of treating it as a threat to be swiftly extinguished, communities need to learn to live with fire, as people \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/24/899422710/to-manage-wildfire-california-looks-to-what-tribes-have-known-all-along\">have before\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Increasingly, communities and homeowners are realizing that on their own. Flammable roofs are being replaced with more fire-resistant ones. Homeowners are clearing vegetation around their property to create buffers from flames. Prescribed fire is becoming \u003ca href=\"http://calag.ucanr.edu/archive/?article=ca.2018a0044\">more common\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire experts warn that billions of dollars in federal, state and local investments will be needed to reduce the risk of wildfire substantially in the West. But the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nifc.gov/fireInfo/fireInfo_documents/SuppCosts.pdf\">soaring costs\u003c/a> of fire suppression, means that money is in short supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nationally, we’re faced with: What can we do to scale this up so that communities don’t have to struggle with it on their own?” said Jennifer Balch, fire scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder. “Because every homeowner expects firefighters to show up when there’s a fire that threatens their home, but they’re maxed out. There’s just no way they’re going to be able to fight every fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Wake-up Call\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The truce between people and fire is being negotiated under challenging conditions. A century of suppression has left Western forests overgrown. Hotter temperatures stoked by climate change are drying out the vegetation and priming it to burn. And millions of people continue to move to forested areas, upping the stakes and putting more strain on already-stressed landscapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a fire sweeps into a community, it can be a wake-up call to reduce future risks. In 2003, the Old Fire burned more than 90,000 acres in Big Bear, a heavily forested town in the Southern California mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were [300] or 400 houses that were lost,” said Jeff Willis, fire chief with the Big Bear Fire Department. “It was also during that fire that we evacuated the entire community for about a week period. So that was a big moment of recognition is what I would say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, the fire department took stock of the region’s vulnerabilities. The surrounding forests were dense and overgrown, potentially providing fuel for bigger fires. Many homes, built decades ago, had wood roofs that could ignite from embers blown far ahead of a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire department passed a sweeping “\u003ca href=\"https://bigbearfire.com/community-wildfire-protection-plan-cwpp\">community wildfire protection plan\u003c/a>.” It inspected properties and enforced requirements to trim dry brush and trees around homes. It installed evacuation signs around town to guide residents in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over almost a decade, more than 1,000 wood roofs were replaced with fire-resistant materials, thanks to a grant program that offset the cost for homeowners. The fire department thinned out forests adjacent to residential areas, working alongside the U.S. Forest Service, which manages national forest land in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was a heck of an effort,” Willis said. “Gradually over time, though it was initially controversial, I think we made tremendous strides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big Bear was one of the first California communities to launch such a comprehensive effort. While it doesn’t guarantee homes and buildings will survive an extreme fire, it boosts their chances. The problem has been maintaining and expanding the safeguards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vegetation requires annual inspections and trimming. But Willis says the budget hasn’t kept up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The community risk reduction and fire prevention, all of that takes a second seat to the main mission, which is responding to emergency incidents,” he said. “What I would need, and I know I’m not alone from a fire chief’s perspective, we would need to double our budget.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Big Bear Fire Department has largely relied on state and federal grants, totaling more than $5 million since its prevention plan began. But with more communities vying for those dollars, they’re harder to get. This year, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.bigbearfire.org/homepage/press-releases/215-curbside-chipping-program-suspended\">was turned down\u003c/a> for three out of four grants for a curbside vegetation chipping program, which helps homeowners break down the brush on their property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The community also voted down a local tax measure in March that would have provided new funding. Now, the fire department is looking at cutting staff. “Unfortunately, there’s a lot more that we should do,” Willis says. “We are and were and still remain a community at risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reducing Risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funding has long been a problem for efforts to reduce wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/sites/default/files/2015-Fire-Budget-Report.pdf\">a report\u003c/a> published by the Forest Service warned: “As more and more of the agency’s resources are spent each year to provide the firefighters, aircraft, and other assets necessary to protect lives, property, and natural resources from catastrophic wildfires, fewer and fewer funds and resources are available to support other agency work — including the very programs and restoration projects that reduce the fire threat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress took a step to address that in 2018, passing a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2018/03/23/secretary-perdue-applauds-fire-funding-fix-omnibus\">fire funding fix\u003c/a>” that allows the Forest Service to tap federal emergency disaster funds when suppression costs exceeded its budget. The “fix” goes into effect this year, but fire veterans and ecologists are skeptical that it alone will address the underlying problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of the agency’s $5.14 billion budget is still earmarked for fire suppression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s definitely not enough economic support,” said Crystal Kolden, a fire scientist at UC Merced. “How we have always addressed natural hazards as a nation is that we have invested in reducing risk with federal tax dollars because natural hazard reduction is a social good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Sens. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., and Steve Daines, R-Mont., proposed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.daines.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/FINAL%20Section%20by%20Section%20the%20Emergency%20Wildfire%20and%20Public%20Safety%20Act%20of%202020%20(002).pdf\">bipartisan bill\u003c/a> to clear roadblocks for vegetation removal projects. Critics say it would undermine existing environmental protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, California announced\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/08/13/california-u-s-forest-service-establish-shared-long-term-strategy-to-manage-forests-and-rangelands/\"> a new state-federal effort\u003c/a> to reduce wildfire risks. The goal is to treat 1 million acres of forest and wildland annually with prescribed fires and forest thinning projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both initiatives address overgrown forests. But fire ecologists say it’s going to take a wider range of solutions to protect communities. What works in one place might not in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What people tend to look for is a single bullet solution,” Kolden says. “And the reality is that fire is complex. All natural hazards are complex. And there is no single silver bullet solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lawmakers have made several unsuccessful attempts to set aside funding for some other solutions. Earlier this year, $1 billion was canceled for a house retrofit fund due to the state’s pandemic-related budget shortfall. State lawmakers tried last month to pass $3 billion for both emergency fire response and community preparedness, but the legislative session ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without action, the drivers of extreme fire are only going to increase with time. People continue to move into forested areas. The climate continues to warm. And, even with adequate funding, community-based solutions will take decades to implement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As bad as it is, it’s going to get worse,” Harbour says. “And it’s going to get worse for another decade or two, even with us adopting some of these mitigations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+Firefighting+Alone+Won%27t+Stop+Western+Mega-Fires&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s become a near-annual occurrence. A massive wildfire forces thousands of people to flee their homes. Exhausted firefighters warn of its speed and intensity. Smoke smothers cities and states hundreds of miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/24/905480961/record-setting-blazes-continue-to-rip-through-northern-california\">The yearly eruption of hundreds\u003c/a> of wildfires across the West is no longer surprising. What’s surprising is “our society’s ability to continue to tolerate” lives lost and billions of dollars in damages and firefighting costs, year after year, says Tom Harbour, the former director of fire and aviation at the U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Especially, he says, when we know of ways to reduce the risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wave of fires that erupted this week on the West Coast, like previous record-breaking blazes, are further validation of something forest ecologists and fire veterans have been saying for years: that no amount of firefighting resources will avert the next big wildfire. Nine of the top 10 largest wildfires in California history have occurred in the last decade despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/the-state-worker/article239166108.html\">massive investments\u003c/a> in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/california-spends-nearly-300-million-on-helicopters-that-can-drop-water-on/\">new technology\u003c/a> and equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t ‘one more engine, one more hand crew’ our way out of this,” Harbour said. “We’ve got ourselves into a big problem, and it’s taken some time. It’s going to take some time, energy and effort to get our way out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nation needs to rethink its relationship with wildfire, ecologists and firefighters say. Instead of treating it as a threat to be swiftly extinguished, communities need to learn to live with fire, as people \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/24/899422710/to-manage-wildfire-california-looks-to-what-tribes-have-known-all-along\">have before\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Increasingly, communities and homeowners are realizing that on their own. Flammable roofs are being replaced with more fire-resistant ones. Homeowners are clearing vegetation around their property to create buffers from flames. Prescribed fire is becoming \u003ca href=\"http://calag.ucanr.edu/archive/?article=ca.2018a0044\">more common\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire experts warn that billions of dollars in federal, state and local investments will be needed to reduce the risk of wildfire substantially in the West. But the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nifc.gov/fireInfo/fireInfo_documents/SuppCosts.pdf\">soaring costs\u003c/a> of fire suppression, means that money is in short supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nationally, we’re faced with: What can we do to scale this up so that communities don’t have to struggle with it on their own?” said Jennifer Balch, fire scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder. “Because every homeowner expects firefighters to show up when there’s a fire that threatens their home, but they’re maxed out. There’s just no way they’re going to be able to fight every fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Wake-up Call\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The truce between people and fire is being negotiated under challenging conditions. A century of suppression has left Western forests overgrown. Hotter temperatures stoked by climate change are drying out the vegetation and priming it to burn. And millions of people continue to move to forested areas, upping the stakes and putting more strain on already-stressed landscapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a fire sweeps into a community, it can be a wake-up call to reduce future risks. In 2003, the Old Fire burned more than 90,000 acres in Big Bear, a heavily forested town in the Southern California mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were [300] or 400 houses that were lost,” said Jeff Willis, fire chief with the Big Bear Fire Department. “It was also during that fire that we evacuated the entire community for about a week period. So that was a big moment of recognition is what I would say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, the fire department took stock of the region’s vulnerabilities. The surrounding forests were dense and overgrown, potentially providing fuel for bigger fires. Many homes, built decades ago, had wood roofs that could ignite from embers blown far ahead of a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire department passed a sweeping “\u003ca href=\"https://bigbearfire.com/community-wildfire-protection-plan-cwpp\">community wildfire protection plan\u003c/a>.” It inspected properties and enforced requirements to trim dry brush and trees around homes. It installed evacuation signs around town to guide residents in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over almost a decade, more than 1,000 wood roofs were replaced with fire-resistant materials, thanks to a grant program that offset the cost for homeowners. The fire department thinned out forests adjacent to residential areas, working alongside the U.S. Forest Service, which manages national forest land in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was a heck of an effort,” Willis said. “Gradually over time, though it was initially controversial, I think we made tremendous strides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big Bear was one of the first California communities to launch such a comprehensive effort. While it doesn’t guarantee homes and buildings will survive an extreme fire, it boosts their chances. The problem has been maintaining and expanding the safeguards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vegetation requires annual inspections and trimming. But Willis says the budget hasn’t kept up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The community risk reduction and fire prevention, all of that takes a second seat to the main mission, which is responding to emergency incidents,” he said. “What I would need, and I know I’m not alone from a fire chief’s perspective, we would need to double our budget.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Big Bear Fire Department has largely relied on state and federal grants, totaling more than $5 million since its prevention plan began. But with more communities vying for those dollars, they’re harder to get. This year, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.bigbearfire.org/homepage/press-releases/215-curbside-chipping-program-suspended\">was turned down\u003c/a> for three out of four grants for a curbside vegetation chipping program, which helps homeowners break down the brush on their property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The community also voted down a local tax measure in March that would have provided new funding. Now, the fire department is looking at cutting staff. “Unfortunately, there’s a lot more that we should do,” Willis says. “We are and were and still remain a community at risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reducing Risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funding has long been a problem for efforts to reduce wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/sites/default/files/2015-Fire-Budget-Report.pdf\">a report\u003c/a> published by the Forest Service warned: “As more and more of the agency’s resources are spent each year to provide the firefighters, aircraft, and other assets necessary to protect lives, property, and natural resources from catastrophic wildfires, fewer and fewer funds and resources are available to support other agency work — including the very programs and restoration projects that reduce the fire threat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress took a step to address that in 2018, passing a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2018/03/23/secretary-perdue-applauds-fire-funding-fix-omnibus\">fire funding fix\u003c/a>” that allows the Forest Service to tap federal emergency disaster funds when suppression costs exceeded its budget. The “fix” goes into effect this year, but fire veterans and ecologists are skeptical that it alone will address the underlying problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of the agency’s $5.14 billion budget is still earmarked for fire suppression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s definitely not enough economic support,” said Crystal Kolden, a fire scientist at UC Merced. “How we have always addressed natural hazards as a nation is that we have invested in reducing risk with federal tax dollars because natural hazard reduction is a social good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Sens. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., and Steve Daines, R-Mont., proposed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.daines.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/FINAL%20Section%20by%20Section%20the%20Emergency%20Wildfire%20and%20Public%20Safety%20Act%20of%202020%20(002).pdf\">bipartisan bill\u003c/a> to clear roadblocks for vegetation removal projects. Critics say it would undermine existing environmental protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, California announced\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/08/13/california-u-s-forest-service-establish-shared-long-term-strategy-to-manage-forests-and-rangelands/\"> a new state-federal effort\u003c/a> to reduce wildfire risks. The goal is to treat 1 million acres of forest and wildland annually with prescribed fires and forest thinning projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both initiatives address overgrown forests. But fire ecologists say it’s going to take a wider range of solutions to protect communities. What works in one place might not in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What people tend to look for is a single bullet solution,” Kolden says. “And the reality is that fire is complex. All natural hazards are complex. And there is no single silver bullet solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lawmakers have made several unsuccessful attempts to set aside funding for some other solutions. Earlier this year, $1 billion was canceled for a house retrofit fund due to the state’s pandemic-related budget shortfall. State lawmakers tried last month to pass $3 billion for both emergency fire response and community preparedness, but the legislative session ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without action, the drivers of extreme fire are only going to increase with time. People continue to move into forested areas. The climate continues to warm. And, even with adequate funding, community-based solutions will take decades to implement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As bad as it is, it’s going to get worse,” Harbour says. “And it’s going to get worse for another decade or two, even with us adopting some of these mitigations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+Firefighting+Alone+Won%27t+Stop+Western+Mega-Fires&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "For Napa Volunteer Firefighters, Victory, Devastation, and a Marriage Proposal",
"headTitle": "For Napa Volunteer Firefighters, Victory, Devastation, and a Marriage Proposal | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp class=\"p2\">Brandon North stepped onto a concrete slab and kicked up a warped piece of metal with the toe of his boot. A cloud of ash settled into the 7-year-old imprint of his younger brother’s tiny feet etched into a crumbling concrete walkway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">About a stone’s throw away, Becca Brown-Dehner stepped over a twisted bird cage on her family’s property. “This was my twin brother’s room but now that’s all gone,” she said, pointing at a blackened bed frame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">These were the remains of their childhood homes, destroyed on Aug. 18 when the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hennessey_Fire\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Hennessy Fire\u003c/span>\u003c/a> flattened the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps/place/Spanish+Flat+Mobile+Villa/@38.5330321,-122.2241633,418m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m6!3m5!1s0x8084fb9f6a352d19:0xd6743fe29dd05a7e!4b1!8m2!3d38.5330321!4d-122.2242049\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Spanish Flat Mobile Villa\u003c/a>, the small Napa County community where North and Brown-Dehner grew up.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you’re able to go, you should go. Whether it’s small or big to whoever called, it’s the worst day of their life.’\u003ccite>Brandon North, Napa County volunteer firefighter\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">As Brown-Dehner surveyed a melted motorcycle, shriveled antiques and seared appliances, the 23-year-old’s eyes filmed over, and her lower lip quivered. North tenderly embraced her. The couple have been dating since high school. For many years, their families not only lived next door to each other, they shared countless game nights, dinner parties and camping trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The night of the fire, Brandon and Becca were both on duty as volunteer firefighters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">They don’t have to answer every emergency page, but North, a stalky 25-year-old, makes a habit of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“I feel obligated,” he said.\u003ci> \u003c/i>“If you’re able to go, you should go. Whether it’s small or big to whoever called, it’s the worst day of their life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two-thirds of the nation’s firefighters are volunteers, according to surveys taken by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Data-research-and-tools/Emergency-Responders/US-fire-department-profile#:~:text=Key%20findings,of%20the%20firefighters%20were%20female.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Fire Protection Association\u003c/a>. These men and women, most of whom hold down day jobs while also responding to emergencies in their local communities, will be more and more critical as climate change sparks an increasing number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/megafire/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">megafires\u003c/span>\u003c/a> across the West. Early into fire season, fires have scorched a record-breaking \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/daily-wildfire-report/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">3.1 million\u003c/span>\u003c/a> acres, or 4,844 square miles, a huge percentage burning over the course of just three weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“We need more resources because the fires are bigger, and we have to be able to draw on all the varying levels of the fire service to help put these fires out as quickly as possible,” said Napa County Fire Chief Geoff Belyea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neighborhood Gone\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">Becca and Brandon moved in together a few years ago when they were hired to run Putah Canyon Campground on Lake Berryessa, about 10 minutes up the road from their childhood homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">A few weeks ago, they were asleep in their small, white trailer when a lightning storm hit, and they scurried out of bed to take video of the electric sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1969448\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1969448\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brandon North and Becca Brown-Dehner stand in the doorway of a former laundry room destroyed by the Hennessy wildfire. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">But soon their fire radios started crackling as blazes ignited across the wine country. They jumped into their truck and sped to the fire station. By the afternoon, small grass fires had erupted into infernos, with walls of flame a hundred feet high sweeping over the ridges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“I didn’t realize how scared I was going to be,” Brown-Dehner said. Before then, she’d only answered medical emergency calls. But now she and her boyfriend were both tasked with helping to contain the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The next day, when the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/5/22/spanish-fire/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Spanish Fire\u003c/span>\u003c/a> snaked toward the campground they call home, the duo spent all day and night cutting back brush and tree limbs, helping to protect the area. At dawn they briefly celebrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“I was excited because I like fighting fire,” said North. “But then when it started to get into housing areas, the excitement went away and anger set in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">One of those areas was Spanish Flat Mobile Villa, where their families still lived. When Brown-Dehner overheard the police scanner call for an evacuation at the site, her heart leapt. North raced to the neighborhood to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“It was hard seeing this place burning down and just trying to do my job at the same time,” he said. “When I came here, everything was fully engulfed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">As the fire incinerated homes, he helped the few remaining residents — people he’d known his whole life — flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">Afterward, North climbed into his truck and called Brown-Dehner to tell her their old neighborhood was gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“My heart broke,” Becca said. “I just felt devastated and hopeless. I didn’t know what to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">She was sobbing hysterically when North returned. He knelt down and took her hand, while fingering a princess-cut diamond ring in his pocket. He had grabbed it earlier to make sure it wouldn’t burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">He hadn’t planned on popping the question that day, but he was desperate to cheer up his girlfriend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">And so much devastation had put their love in perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“Finally he asked me to marry him!” Brown-Dehner rejoiced, recalling the proposal and showing off the sparkling ring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">The glee of that moment didn’t last long, though. The next morning, the newly engaged couple jumped right back into action, continuing to battle the fire for two solid weeks. The first seven days, North says, he slept about eight hours total. More conflagrations closed in, eventually merging into the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/8/17/lnu-lightning-complex-includes-hennessey-gamble-15-10-spanish-markley-13-4-11-16-walbridge/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">LNU complex fire\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, which has torched more than 360,000 acres and is still burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Now the fiancees are helping their families resettle outside of California. Brown-Dehner would love to leave, too. But North shakes his head. The wine country is not only home, it’s where he’s needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“I guess a callous way of saying it is, “This where the action is. So …” His voice trailed off. “It’s where I want to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">They hope to celebrate their engagement before the next wildfire strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "It was an emotional few days for a volunteer firefighting couple from Napa County. After they celebrated helping to save their own community, they discovered that their childhood homes had been destroyed. So there seemed only one thing left to do....",
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"title": "For Napa Volunteer Firefighters, Victory, Devastation, and a Marriage Proposal | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p2\">Brandon North stepped onto a concrete slab and kicked up a warped piece of metal with the toe of his boot. A cloud of ash settled into the 7-year-old imprint of his younger brother’s tiny feet etched into a crumbling concrete walkway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">About a stone’s throw away, Becca Brown-Dehner stepped over a twisted bird cage on her family’s property. “This was my twin brother’s room but now that’s all gone,” she said, pointing at a blackened bed frame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">These were the remains of their childhood homes, destroyed on Aug. 18 when the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hennessey_Fire\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Hennessy Fire\u003c/span>\u003c/a> flattened the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps/place/Spanish+Flat+Mobile+Villa/@38.5330321,-122.2241633,418m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m6!3m5!1s0x8084fb9f6a352d19:0xd6743fe29dd05a7e!4b1!8m2!3d38.5330321!4d-122.2242049\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Spanish Flat Mobile Villa\u003c/a>, the small Napa County community where North and Brown-Dehner grew up.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you’re able to go, you should go. Whether it’s small or big to whoever called, it’s the worst day of their life.’\u003ccite>Brandon North, Napa County volunteer firefighter\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">As Brown-Dehner surveyed a melted motorcycle, shriveled antiques and seared appliances, the 23-year-old’s eyes filmed over, and her lower lip quivered. North tenderly embraced her. The couple have been dating since high school. For many years, their families not only lived next door to each other, they shared countless game nights, dinner parties and camping trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The night of the fire, Brandon and Becca were both on duty as volunteer firefighters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">They don’t have to answer every emergency page, but North, a stalky 25-year-old, makes a habit of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“I feel obligated,” he said.\u003ci> \u003c/i>“If you’re able to go, you should go. Whether it’s small or big to whoever called, it’s the worst day of their life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two-thirds of the nation’s firefighters are volunteers, according to surveys taken by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Data-research-and-tools/Emergency-Responders/US-fire-department-profile#:~:text=Key%20findings,of%20the%20firefighters%20were%20female.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Fire Protection Association\u003c/a>. These men and women, most of whom hold down day jobs while also responding to emergencies in their local communities, will be more and more critical as climate change sparks an increasing number of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/megafire/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">megafires\u003c/span>\u003c/a> across the West. Early into fire season, fires have scorched a record-breaking \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/daily-wildfire-report/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">3.1 million\u003c/span>\u003c/a> acres, or 4,844 square miles, a huge percentage burning over the course of just three weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“We need more resources because the fires are bigger, and we have to be able to draw on all the varying levels of the fire service to help put these fires out as quickly as possible,” said Napa County Fire Chief Geoff Belyea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neighborhood Gone\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">Becca and Brandon moved in together a few years ago when they were hired to run Putah Canyon Campground on Lake Berryessa, about 10 minutes up the road from their childhood homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">A few weeks ago, they were asleep in their small, white trailer when a lightning storm hit, and they scurried out of bed to take video of the electric sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1969448\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1969448\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/09/A3C15EFC-11EE-4740-93E5-8AF933894E67_1_201_a-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brandon North and Becca Brown-Dehner stand in the doorway of a former laundry room destroyed by the Hennessy wildfire. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">But soon their fire radios started crackling as blazes ignited across the wine country. They jumped into their truck and sped to the fire station. By the afternoon, small grass fires had erupted into infernos, with walls of flame a hundred feet high sweeping over the ridges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“I didn’t realize how scared I was going to be,” Brown-Dehner said. Before then, she’d only answered medical emergency calls. But now she and her boyfriend were both tasked with helping to contain the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The next day, when the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/5/22/spanish-fire/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Spanish Fire\u003c/span>\u003c/a> snaked toward the campground they call home, the duo spent all day and night cutting back brush and tree limbs, helping to protect the area. At dawn they briefly celebrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“I was excited because I like fighting fire,” said North. “But then when it started to get into housing areas, the excitement went away and anger set in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">One of those areas was Spanish Flat Mobile Villa, where their families still lived. When Brown-Dehner overheard the police scanner call for an evacuation at the site, her heart leapt. North raced to the neighborhood to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“It was hard seeing this place burning down and just trying to do my job at the same time,” he said. “When I came here, everything was fully engulfed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">As the fire incinerated homes, he helped the few remaining residents — people he’d known his whole life — flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">Afterward, North climbed into his truck and called Brown-Dehner to tell her their old neighborhood was gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“My heart broke,” Becca said. “I just felt devastated and hopeless. I didn’t know what to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">She was sobbing hysterically when North returned. He knelt down and took her hand, while fingering a princess-cut diamond ring in his pocket. He had grabbed it earlier to make sure it wouldn’t burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">He hadn’t planned on popping the question that day, but he was desperate to cheer up his girlfriend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">And so much devastation had put their love in perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“Finally he asked me to marry him!” Brown-Dehner rejoiced, recalling the proposal and showing off the sparkling ring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">The glee of that moment didn’t last long, though. The next morning, the newly engaged couple jumped right back into action, continuing to battle the fire for two solid weeks. The first seven days, North says, he slept about eight hours total. More conflagrations closed in, eventually merging into the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/8/17/lnu-lightning-complex-includes-hennessey-gamble-15-10-spanish-markley-13-4-11-16-walbridge/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">LNU complex fire\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, which has torched more than 360,000 acres and is still burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Now the fiancees are helping their families resettle outside of California. Brown-Dehner would love to leave, too. But North shakes his head. The wine country is not only home, it’s where he’s needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“I guess a callous way of saying it is, “This where the action is. So …” His voice trailed off. “It’s where I want to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">They hope to celebrate their engagement before the next wildfire strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "No, You Didn’t Wake Up to the Apocalypse. Wildfire Smoke Turns Bay Area Sky Orange and Dark",
"headTitle": "No, You Didn’t Wake Up to the Apocalypse. Wildfire Smoke Turns Bay Area Sky Orange and Dark | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11837194/no-no-se-desperto-en-medio-del-apocalipsis-el-humo-de-los-incendios-forestales-oscurece-el-cielo-del-area-de-la-bahia-y-lo-vuelve-anaranjado\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In days of yore, when people looked to the heavens for omens of doom, waking up in the morning to an orange-tinged sky with only a hint of light filtering through may have been enough to signal the end of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it takes that plus massive wildfires, extreme heat, power shutoffs, filthy air and worldwide contagion to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=apocalypse%20san%20francisco&src=typed_query\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">do the trick\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of midmorning, it still looked, quite eerily, like dawn’s early light in the region. But if you’re thinking sign-of-apocalypse, that’s not the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[emailsignup newslettername='science' align='right'] Dense smoke plumes from several large wildfires burning in parts of Northern California and even Oregon are blocking out the sun, shrouding the Bay Area in an orange glow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have multiple layers of clouds down near our regular marine layer,” said Jan Null, a meteorologist with Golden Gate Weather Services. “Up above, we have three or four different layers of smoke coming from a variety of fires as far away as Oregon; some fires to the east of Chico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those layers, which cover most of the western two-thirds of California and are filtering out the sun, are made up of different densities of smoke. “In some cases, some of those plumes are 20 or 30,000 feet where they’re being risen up by the heat from these fires,” Null said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ggweather/status/1303705734656348160?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smoke particles scatter blue light, so only yellow, orange and red light reach through, which is what’s causing the sky’s peculiar tinge right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Null says the conditions could last for another couple of days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not really looking at a good sea breeze that’s going to help clear out the lower levels,” he said. “Until some of these bigger fires are contained — or we see a significant wind shift aloft — we’re going to wake up to these yellow mornings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service says there’s an unprecedented amount of smoke in the atmosphere as a record number of acres burn across California and the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1303720348605538305?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The smoke is high up in the air, and — right now — the air quality is not as bad.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This morning, we’re seeing mostly moderate air quality,” said Kristine Roselius, a spokesperson for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District. “But as the day goes on, that will deteriorate.” She said the North and East Bay especially could be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The North Complex Fire is one of the main contributors of the smoke; that wildfire erupted near Lake Oroville in the Sierra Nevada on Tuesday and spread at a rate of 1,000 acres every 30 minutes, according to Jake Cagle, the fire’s operations section chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had extreme fire behavior and extreme fire growth,” Cagle said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FUSFSPlumas%2Fvideos%2F2783637955295346%2F&show_text=0&width=560\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jon Brooks contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11837194/no-no-se-desperto-en-medio-del-apocalipsis-el-humo-de-los-incendios-forestales-oscurece-el-cielo-del-area-de-la-bahia-y-lo-vuelve-anaranjado\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In days of yore, when people looked to the heavens for omens of doom, waking up in the morning to an orange-tinged sky with only a hint of light filtering through may have been enough to signal the end of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it takes that plus massive wildfires, extreme heat, power shutoffs, filthy air and worldwide contagion to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=apocalypse%20san%20francisco&src=typed_query\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">do the trick\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of midmorning, it still looked, quite eerily, like dawn’s early light in the region. But if you’re thinking sign-of-apocalypse, that’s not the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Dense smoke plumes from several large wildfires burning in parts of Northern California and even Oregon are blocking out the sun, shrouding the Bay Area in an orange glow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have multiple layers of clouds down near our regular marine layer,” said Jan Null, a meteorologist with Golden Gate Weather Services. “Up above, we have three or four different layers of smoke coming from a variety of fires as far away as Oregon; some fires to the east of Chico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those layers, which cover most of the western two-thirds of California and are filtering out the sun, are made up of different densities of smoke. “In some cases, some of those plumes are 20 or 30,000 feet where they’re being risen up by the heat from these fires,” Null said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Smoke particles scatter blue light, so only yellow, orange and red light reach through, which is what’s causing the sky’s peculiar tinge right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Null says the conditions could last for another couple of days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not really looking at a good sea breeze that’s going to help clear out the lower levels,” he said. “Until some of these bigger fires are contained — or we see a significant wind shift aloft — we’re going to wake up to these yellow mornings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service says there’s an unprecedented amount of smoke in the atmosphere as a record number of acres burn across California and the West.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The smoke is high up in the air, and — right now — the air quality is not as bad.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This morning, we’re seeing mostly moderate air quality,” said Kristine Roselius, a spokesperson for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District. “But as the day goes on, that will deteriorate.” She said the North and East Bay especially could be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The North Complex Fire is one of the main contributors of the smoke; that wildfire erupted near Lake Oroville in the Sierra Nevada on Tuesday and spread at a rate of 1,000 acres every 30 minutes, according to Jake Cagle, the fire’s operations section chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had extreme fire behavior and extreme fire growth,” Cagle said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FUSFSPlumas%2Fvideos%2F2783637955295346%2F&show_text=0&width=560\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jon Brooks contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Cómo ayudar a los jóvenes a protegerse del aire contaminado",
"headTitle": "Cómo ayudar a los jóvenes a protegerse del aire contaminado | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968863/helping-kids-protect-themselves-from-dirty-air-one-diy-filter-at-a-time\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Read in English. \u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>Suscribáse al boletín semanal de KQED en Español \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/newsletters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">en este enlace\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando las nubes de humo de los incendios en el Norte de California en el 2017 invadieron el Área de la Bahía, Lil Milagro Henriquez se encontró luchando para contestar esta pregunta:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Qué le podemos enseñar a la gente jóven sobre cómo prepararse tanto para su realidad actual, con los incendios forestales, como para el aumento de desastres naturales relacionados al cambio climático que están por venir?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]Comó hacer su propio purificador de aire\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Materiales:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Un nuevo ventilador de caja de 20″ box fan (su cable debería de salir de en medio no del centro )\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Un filtro 20″ x 20″ MERV 12 or 13 o un filtro HVAC\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Cinta adhesiva potente (de plastico transparente o \u003cem>duct tape\u003c/em>)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Pasos:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Coloque el filtro MERV en la parte trasera del ventilador (el filtro también se puede poner en el frente, pero puede que sobrecarga al motor, según expertos).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Asegúrese que el filtro está volteado a la dirección correcta para que el aire fluya.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pegue alrededor de las orillas, formando un sello entre el ventilador y el filtro.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>Costo: alrededor de $50 [/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Su respuesta: fundar la organización sin fines de lucro \u003ca href=\"https://www.myceliumyouthnetwork.org/\">Mycelium Youth Network.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La meta de la organización es preparar a la juventud del Área de la Bahía para los obstáculos que el calentamiento global presentará en nuestro planeta. Esto se logrará proveyendo recursos necesarios para enfrentar el cambio climático.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mientras que Mycelium trabaja con todos los jóvenes, Henriquez dice que da prioridad a la juventud que son afectados primero. “Una gran cantidad de jóvenes de comunidades de bajo nivel económico que les faltan recursos y que ya están viviendo con problemas ambientales difíciles como contaminación del aire o contaminación del agua”, dijo ella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La pandemia del coronavirus y la mala economía como consecuencia de esta, han marcado más las inequidades sociales. Es claro que existe una disparidad en el acceso a recursos para mitigar los efectos del cambio climático y de la contaminación del aire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nuevamente, el humo ataca al Área de la Bahía debido a los incendios forestales y son aquellos con recursos económicos que pueden escapar a sus casas de verano, tener refugio con su familia, o decorar sus casas con multiples purificadores de aire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El trabajo de Henriquez se enfoca en las personas sin esas opciones. Los educadores de Mycelium Youth Network trabajan con algunas escuelas en Oakland y San Francisco, enseñando clases para enfrentar la actual crisis ambiental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uno de los cursos se llama “El Aire Limpio es un Derecho”, en el cual los estudiantes reciben instrucciones de cómo hacer sus propios purificadores de aire con un ventilador de caja nuevo, un filtro de horno /HVAC y cinta adhesiva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estos materiales cuestan alrededor de $50, esto es menos de lo que se pagaría por purificadores comerciales, los cuales cuestan alrededor de cien dólares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero, ¿son efectivos estos purificadores hechos a mano?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Funcionan”, dijo \u003ca href=\"https://cires.colorado.edu/council-fellows/jose-luis-jimenez\">Jose-Luis Jimenez,\u003c/a> profesor de química de la Universidad de Colorado Boulder. Él dijo que estos productos hechos a mano “no tienen mucha ciencia”, y que él ha estado investigando sobre \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/blog/how-to-diy-an-air-purifier/\">Purificadores hechos\u003c/a> en casa para ayudar a filtrar el aire por covid-19 y los incendios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jimenez señala a un \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360132317305498?via%3Dihub\">estudio\u003c/a> de Singapore, el cual encontró que los filtros hechos en casa pueden remover 75% de las partículas en el aire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los purificadores usados en el estudio tomaron el aire de afuera, algo que los doctores y científicos recomiendan evitar cuando hay humo por incendios porque se infiltra adentro de su casa. Al contrario, ellos dicen, es mejor mantener las ventanas cerradas y concentrarse en limpiar el aire que está dentro de su casa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>También es más efectivo limpiar el aire de un área limitada, dijo \u003ca href=\"https://wcec.ucdavis.edu/about/directory/theresa-pistochini/\">Theresa Pistochini\u003c/a>, gerente de ingeniera en el UC Davis Energy Efficiency Institute and Western Cooling Efficiency Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Se busca espacios pequeños y cerrados”, dijo ella. “Como un cuarto que est\u003cb>á\u003c/b>s tratando de sacar el humo. El aire estaba muy mal, un par de nosotros estábamos durmiendo en un cuarto en el que logramos filtrar el aire mejor”, dijo ella, refiriéndose a su experiencia durante el incendio Camp Fire en el 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='elcoronavirus' label='Leer más noticias en español']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tanto Jimenez como Pistochini dijeron que si se quiere hacer un purificador de aire a mano, se necesita tener en mente ciertas cosas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Use el filtro MERV 12 o 13.\u003c/strong> “Importa que filtro use”, dijo Jimenez. Mientras que los filtros HEPA son los más fuertes, su ancho puede causar que el ventilador de caja se sobresaliente y falle. Por otro lado, si used no quiere algo frágil, dijo Jimenez. “El MERV 13 es un buen punto medio. Es un buen filtro. Pero no hace que el ventilador trabaje mucho”. Poner el filtro en la parte de atrás del ventilador reduce la filtración un poco, pero los expertos que han probado poner los filtros enfrente de los ventilador puede desgastar más al motor.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>No deje a su purificador hecho a mano desatendido.\u003c/strong> Jimenez y Pistochini advirtieron que podría ser un peligro de incendio si el ventilador se calienta demasiado.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Coloque su purificador en el medio de su cuarto.\u003c/strong> Se tiene que poner a una altura entre medio del piso y del techo, de acuerdo con Jimenez.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>No espere que su purificador dure mucho:\u003c/strong> Están hechos para ser una solución a corto plazo, solamente por algunos meses. “Puede usar el filtro hasta que este visiblemente obstruido por humo o este sucio y luego lo reemplaza”, dijo Pistochini.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Consulte a un doctor\u003c/strong> si tiene problemas con sus pulmones o para respirar debido a que se requieren más protecciones en estos casos que lo que el purificador de aire hecho en casa puede ofrecer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>¿Tener un purificador de aire hecho a mano suena medio raro? Tal vez. Pero Lil Milagro de Mycelium Youth Network tiene una perspectiva diferente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1968882\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1968882\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/IMG_5296.jpg\" alt=\"An image publicizing Mycelium Youth Network's free online tutorial in how to make your own air filter.\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/IMG_5296.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/IMG_5296-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An image publicizing Mycelium Youth Network’s free online tutorial in how to make your own air filter. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Lil Milagro Henriquez/Mycelium Youth Network)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Lo más que usted pueda hacer ahora, sabiendo lo que está por venir, lo mejor que la gente joven puede estar preparada”, dijo ella. “Pueden tomar esa información y ese conocimiento y hacer lo que hacen mejor, ser creativos, visionarios e innovadores”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este artículo fue traducido por la periodista, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amorga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adriana Morga\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968863/helping-kids-protect-themselves-from-dirty-air-one-diy-filter-at-a-time\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Read in English. \u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>Suscribáse al boletín semanal de KQED en Español \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/newsletters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">en este enlace\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando las nubes de humo de los incendios en el Norte de California en el 2017 invadieron el Área de la Bahía, Lil Milagro Henriquez se encontró luchando para contestar esta pregunta:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Qué le podemos enseñar a la gente jóven sobre cómo prepararse tanto para su realidad actual, con los incendios forestales, como para el aumento de desastres naturales relacionados al cambio climático que están por venir?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "Comó hacer su propio purificador de aire\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Materiales:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Un nuevo ventilador de caja de 20″ box fan (su cable debería de salir de en medio no del centro )\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Un filtro 20″ x 20″ MERV 12 or 13 o un filtro HVAC\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Cinta adhesiva potente (de plastico transparente o \u003cem>duct tape\u003c/em>)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Pasos:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Coloque el filtro MERV en la parte trasera del ventilador (el filtro también se puede poner en el frente, pero puede que sobrecarga al motor, según expertos).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Asegúrese que el filtro está volteado a la dirección correcta para que el aire fluya.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pegue alrededor de las orillas, formando un sello entre el ventilador y el filtro.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>Costo: alrededor de $50 ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Su respuesta: fundar la organización sin fines de lucro \u003ca href=\"https://www.myceliumyouthnetwork.org/\">Mycelium Youth Network.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La meta de la organización es preparar a la juventud del Área de la Bahía para los obstáculos que el calentamiento global presentará en nuestro planeta. Esto se logrará proveyendo recursos necesarios para enfrentar el cambio climático.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mientras que Mycelium trabaja con todos los jóvenes, Henriquez dice que da prioridad a la juventud que son afectados primero. “Una gran cantidad de jóvenes de comunidades de bajo nivel económico que les faltan recursos y que ya están viviendo con problemas ambientales difíciles como contaminación del aire o contaminación del agua”, dijo ella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La pandemia del coronavirus y la mala economía como consecuencia de esta, han marcado más las inequidades sociales. Es claro que existe una disparidad en el acceso a recursos para mitigar los efectos del cambio climático y de la contaminación del aire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nuevamente, el humo ataca al Área de la Bahía debido a los incendios forestales y son aquellos con recursos económicos que pueden escapar a sus casas de verano, tener refugio con su familia, o decorar sus casas con multiples purificadores de aire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El trabajo de Henriquez se enfoca en las personas sin esas opciones. Los educadores de Mycelium Youth Network trabajan con algunas escuelas en Oakland y San Francisco, enseñando clases para enfrentar la actual crisis ambiental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uno de los cursos se llama “El Aire Limpio es un Derecho”, en el cual los estudiantes reciben instrucciones de cómo hacer sus propios purificadores de aire con un ventilador de caja nuevo, un filtro de horno /HVAC y cinta adhesiva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estos materiales cuestan alrededor de $50, esto es menos de lo que se pagaría por purificadores comerciales, los cuales cuestan alrededor de cien dólares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero, ¿son efectivos estos purificadores hechos a mano?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Funcionan”, dijo \u003ca href=\"https://cires.colorado.edu/council-fellows/jose-luis-jimenez\">Jose-Luis Jimenez,\u003c/a> profesor de química de la Universidad de Colorado Boulder. Él dijo que estos productos hechos a mano “no tienen mucha ciencia”, y que él ha estado investigando sobre \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/blog/how-to-diy-an-air-purifier/\">Purificadores hechos\u003c/a> en casa para ayudar a filtrar el aire por covid-19 y los incendios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jimenez señala a un \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360132317305498?via%3Dihub\">estudio\u003c/a> de Singapore, el cual encontró que los filtros hechos en casa pueden remover 75% de las partículas en el aire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los purificadores usados en el estudio tomaron el aire de afuera, algo que los doctores y científicos recomiendan evitar cuando hay humo por incendios porque se infiltra adentro de su casa. Al contrario, ellos dicen, es mejor mantener las ventanas cerradas y concentrarse en limpiar el aire que está dentro de su casa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>También es más efectivo limpiar el aire de un área limitada, dijo \u003ca href=\"https://wcec.ucdavis.edu/about/directory/theresa-pistochini/\">Theresa Pistochini\u003c/a>, gerente de ingeniera en el UC Davis Energy Efficiency Institute and Western Cooling Efficiency Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Se busca espacios pequeños y cerrados”, dijo ella. “Como un cuarto que est\u003cb>á\u003c/b>s tratando de sacar el humo. El aire estaba muy mal, un par de nosotros estábamos durmiendo en un cuarto en el que logramos filtrar el aire mejor”, dijo ella, refiriéndose a su experiencia durante el incendio Camp Fire en el 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tanto Jimenez como Pistochini dijeron que si se quiere hacer un purificador de aire a mano, se necesita tener en mente ciertas cosas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Use el filtro MERV 12 o 13.\u003c/strong> “Importa que filtro use”, dijo Jimenez. Mientras que los filtros HEPA son los más fuertes, su ancho puede causar que el ventilador de caja se sobresaliente y falle. Por otro lado, si used no quiere algo frágil, dijo Jimenez. “El MERV 13 es un buen punto medio. Es un buen filtro. Pero no hace que el ventilador trabaje mucho”. Poner el filtro en la parte de atrás del ventilador reduce la filtración un poco, pero los expertos que han probado poner los filtros enfrente de los ventilador puede desgastar más al motor.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>No deje a su purificador hecho a mano desatendido.\u003c/strong> Jimenez y Pistochini advirtieron que podría ser un peligro de incendio si el ventilador se calienta demasiado.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Coloque su purificador en el medio de su cuarto.\u003c/strong> Se tiene que poner a una altura entre medio del piso y del techo, de acuerdo con Jimenez.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>No espere que su purificador dure mucho:\u003c/strong> Están hechos para ser una solución a corto plazo, solamente por algunos meses. “Puede usar el filtro hasta que este visiblemente obstruido por humo o este sucio y luego lo reemplaza”, dijo Pistochini.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Consulte a un doctor\u003c/strong> si tiene problemas con sus pulmones o para respirar debido a que se requieren más protecciones en estos casos que lo que el purificador de aire hecho en casa puede ofrecer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>¿Tener un purificador de aire hecho a mano suena medio raro? Tal vez. Pero Lil Milagro de Mycelium Youth Network tiene una perspectiva diferente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1968882\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1968882\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/IMG_5296.jpg\" alt=\"An image publicizing Mycelium Youth Network's free online tutorial in how to make your own air filter.\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/IMG_5296.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/IMG_5296-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An image publicizing Mycelium Youth Network’s free online tutorial in how to make your own air filter. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Lil Milagro Henriquez/Mycelium Youth Network)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Lo más que usted pueda hacer ahora, sabiendo lo que está por venir, lo mejor que la gente joven puede estar preparada”, dijo ella. “Pueden tomar esa información y ese conocimiento y hacer lo que hacen mejor, ser creativos, visionarios e innovadores”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este artículo fue traducido por la periodista, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amorga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adriana Morga\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Don't Worry About the Redwoods. They're Hella Tough",
"headTitle": "Don’t Worry About the Redwoods. They’re Hella Tough | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>While Californians have been coping with massive wildfires, filthy air, extreme heat and a deadly pandemic, fire damage incurred by old-growth trees in Big Basin Redwoods State Park has hit a particular nerve, especially with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/28/us/california-fires-big-basin-redwoods.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">those\u003c/a> who have once stood gazing skyward at these majestic icons of California’s natural splendor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t mourn too hard. Most of the ancient trees, some of them 2,000 years old, have survived, in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/efa48694b12c74a9700b03dbe3ffde30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Big Basin\u003c/a> as well as in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/california-wildfires/article/Firefighters-save-1-400-year-old-redwood-at-15515268.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Armstrong Redwoods State Natural Reserve\u003c/a>. And redwoods, well, they are \u003cem>tough\u003c/em>. KQED recently spoke with \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://fwr.humboldt.edu/people/jeffrey-kane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jeffrey Kane\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>, associate professor of Fire Ecology and Fuels Management at Humboldt State University, about the species’ resilience after a wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does fire actually affect redwoods?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Jeffrey Kane\u003c/em>:\u003c/strong> I’m struggling to think of a species as resistant and resilient as redwood. I always tell students, redwoods have belts and suspenders: They can deal with a lot of fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]‘It is really hard to kill a redwood with fire. It can be done. But it’s pretty remarkable.’[/pullquote]They have one of the thickest barks of any tree species. For conifers, they have this unique ability to resprout both from the base and from the entire bowl and crown of the tree. So it is really hard to kill a redwood with fire. It can be done, but it’s pretty remarkable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fires provide a lot of benefits, too. They clean the understory. [The trees and plants that grow beneath a forest canopy.] They can help maintain the ecosystem composition. I went to look at the site of a fire in a redwood forest in Oregon; we saw lots of dead Douglas fir and also large redwoods resprouting. In the absence of fire, you get other species that come in, which start to become more common and compete with redwoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What would it take to kill a large redwood?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve probably seen those big basal hollows, where fire gets inside the base of the tree and burns on up. I’ve actually been inside redwoods where you can see all the way up to a pinpoint of light at the top. And yet that tree is still alive. So they’re even pretty tolerant of that. Most of that wood in there is nonfunctioning, more structural. But if enough of that burns out, it can reduce the structural integrity of the tree, and then it may fall over because it doesn’t have enough strength to support its weight, or it may blow over in a windstorm. That happens in the absence of fire as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1969023\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/Burnt-Redwoods-California-Fire-scaled-e1598563219379.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1969023 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/Burnt-Redwoods-California-Fire-scaled-e1598563219379.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Children’s Forest grove in Humboldt Redwoods State Park, photographed in 2018, shows its recovery from the 2003 Canoe Fire. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/132993563@N08/\">John Harvey\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Historically, how many fires have burned through old growth redwoods?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have lots of good data on this from tree-ring scars throughout the redwood range. It can be as frequent as every two years, but on average, most redwood forests have burned once every nine to 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the life of a tree, that can be hundreds of fires. Since redwoods occur in the coastal fog belt for the most part, the belief among researchers is that there must have been a large contribution of Native American burning to promote that frequent of a fire regime. But as we’ve seen, lightning can spark fires, and that’s also part of the story. It could also have been that fires started in the drier interior before moving west into some redwood forests, especially during big wind events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Might the forests be looking green and healthy again soon?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, definitely by next spring. I’ve seen them start to sprout just months after a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless a large redwood topples, it’s going to sprout even from the base. I mean, it’s unlikely that a fire would be intense enough to kill all the growing tissues that are in the soil and the root ball. So you’re going to have very rapid regeneration from asexual reproduction, which is the resprouts. And that’s assuming that the aboveground tree dies, which again is kind of rare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other thing is if you go to a redwood forest and try to find a little seedling, you would be hard-pressed to find one, because they need bare mineral soil in order to germinate from seed [which are conditions created by fire]. 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"excerpt": "While Californians have been coping with massive wildfires, filthy air and a pandemic, fire damage incurred by old-growth redwood trees has hit a particular nerve. But don't stress -- redwoods are able to absorb the blow to sprout another day. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While Californians have been coping with massive wildfires, filthy air, extreme heat and a deadly pandemic, fire damage incurred by old-growth trees in Big Basin Redwoods State Park has hit a particular nerve, especially with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/28/us/california-fires-big-basin-redwoods.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">those\u003c/a> who have once stood gazing skyward at these majestic icons of California’s natural splendor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t mourn too hard. Most of the ancient trees, some of them 2,000 years old, have survived, in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/efa48694b12c74a9700b03dbe3ffde30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Big Basin\u003c/a> as well as in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/california-wildfires/article/Firefighters-save-1-400-year-old-redwood-at-15515268.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Armstrong Redwoods State Natural Reserve\u003c/a>. And redwoods, well, they are \u003cem>tough\u003c/em>. KQED recently spoke with \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://fwr.humboldt.edu/people/jeffrey-kane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jeffrey Kane\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>, associate professor of Fire Ecology and Fuels Management at Humboldt State University, about the species’ resilience after a wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does fire actually affect redwoods?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Jeffrey Kane\u003c/em>:\u003c/strong> I’m struggling to think of a species as resistant and resilient as redwood. I always tell students, redwoods have belts and suspenders: They can deal with a lot of fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>They have one of the thickest barks of any tree species. For conifers, they have this unique ability to resprout both from the base and from the entire bowl and crown of the tree. So it is really hard to kill a redwood with fire. It can be done, but it’s pretty remarkable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fires provide a lot of benefits, too. They clean the understory. [The trees and plants that grow beneath a forest canopy.] They can help maintain the ecosystem composition. I went to look at the site of a fire in a redwood forest in Oregon; we saw lots of dead Douglas fir and also large redwoods resprouting. In the absence of fire, you get other species that come in, which start to become more common and compete with redwoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What would it take to kill a large redwood?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve probably seen those big basal hollows, where fire gets inside the base of the tree and burns on up. I’ve actually been inside redwoods where you can see all the way up to a pinpoint of light at the top. And yet that tree is still alive. So they’re even pretty tolerant of that. Most of that wood in there is nonfunctioning, more structural. But if enough of that burns out, it can reduce the structural integrity of the tree, and then it may fall over because it doesn’t have enough strength to support its weight, or it may blow over in a windstorm. That happens in the absence of fire as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1969023\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/Burnt-Redwoods-California-Fire-scaled-e1598563219379.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1969023 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/Burnt-Redwoods-California-Fire-scaled-e1598563219379.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Children’s Forest grove in Humboldt Redwoods State Park, photographed in 2018, shows its recovery from the 2003 Canoe Fire. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/132993563@N08/\">John Harvey\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Historically, how many fires have burned through old growth redwoods?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have lots of good data on this from tree-ring scars throughout the redwood range. It can be as frequent as every two years, but on average, most redwood forests have burned once every nine to 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the life of a tree, that can be hundreds of fires. Since redwoods occur in the coastal fog belt for the most part, the belief among researchers is that there must have been a large contribution of Native American burning to promote that frequent of a fire regime. But as we’ve seen, lightning can spark fires, and that’s also part of the story. It could also have been that fires started in the drier interior before moving west into some redwood forests, especially during big wind events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Might the forests be looking green and healthy again soon?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, definitely by next spring. I’ve seen them start to sprout just months after a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless a large redwood topples, it’s going to sprout even from the base. I mean, it’s unlikely that a fire would be intense enough to kill all the growing tissues that are in the soil and the root ball. So you’re going to have very rapid regeneration from asexual reproduction, which is the resprouts. And that’s assuming that the aboveground tree dies, which again is kind of rare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other thing is if you go to a redwood forest and try to find a little seedling, you would be hard-pressed to find one, because they need bare mineral soil in order to germinate from seed [which are conditions created by fire]. So after a fire, you will get prolific regeneration from seed, where you probably wouldn’t otherwise see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11835202/the-tallest-survivors\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1969043\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/bigbasin-redwood-trees-fiore-1020x2119.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"997\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/bigbasin-redwood-trees-fiore-1020x2119.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/bigbasin-redwood-trees-fiore-800x1662.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/bigbasin-redwood-trees-fiore-160x332.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/bigbasin-redwood-trees-fiore-768x1596.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/bigbasin-redwood-trees-fiore-739x1536.png 739w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/bigbasin-redwood-trees-fiore-986x2048.png 986w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/08/bigbasin-redwood-trees-fiore.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Satellite Images: California Fires From Space",
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"content": "\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">Since Aug. 15, hundreds of lightning-sparked fires across California have scorched an area about the size of Delaware. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s GOES-West satellite captured this image loop on Aug. 19, showing wildfire smoke plumes billowing over the Western U.S., as a cyclone spins over the Gulf of Alaska to the north and Hurricane Genevieve, later downgraded to a tropical storm, whirls toward Baja California. \u003cem>\u003cstrong>Click on the image to open up a larger version\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable class=\"aligncenter\" border=\"0\" width=\"600\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd class=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/content/noaa-satellites-monitoring-massive-wildfires-and-two-cyclones\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/00_NOAA_600_380.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"380\">\u003c/a>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\n\u003ctable class=\"aligncenter\" border=\"0\" width=\"600\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">The satellite images below show, from left to right, wildfire smoke from the CZU Lightning Complex fire near Santa Cruz; the LNU Lightning Complex near Lake Berryessa; and the SCU Lightning Complex near Heny W. Coe State Park, southeast of San Jose. The CZU and SCU images were captured on Aug. 20; the LNU image was taken on Aug. 19. The images come courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.planet.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Planet Labs Inc.\u003c/a> \u003cem>\u003cstrong>Click on each image to open up a larger version\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable class=\"aligncenter\" border=\"0\" width=\"600\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\n\u003ctable class=\"aligncenter\" border=\"0\" width=\"600\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"200\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/01_CZU_750_1335_200820-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/01_CZU_200_333_200820.jpg\" alt=\"CZU Lightning Complex\" width=\"200\" height=\"333\">\u003c/a>\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd width=\"200\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/02_LNU_750_1335_200819.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/02_LNU_200_333_200819.jpg\" alt=\"LNU Lightning Complex\" width=\"200\" height=\"333\">\u003c/a>\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd width=\"200\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/03_SCU_750_1335_200820.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/03_SCU_200_333_200820.jpg\" alt=\"SCU Lightning Complex\" width=\"200\" height=\"333\">\u003c/a>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">Since Aug. 15, hundreds of lightning-sparked fires across California have scorched an area about the size of Delaware. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s GOES-West satellite captured this image loop on Aug. 19, showing wildfire smoke plumes billowing over the Western U.S., as a cyclone spins over the Gulf of Alaska to the north and Hurricane Genevieve, later downgraded to a tropical storm, whirls toward Baja California. \u003cem>\u003cstrong>Click on the image to open up a larger version\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable class=\"aligncenter\" border=\"0\" width=\"600\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd class=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/content/noaa-satellites-monitoring-massive-wildfires-and-two-cyclones\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/00_NOAA_600_380.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"380\">\u003c/a>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\n\u003ctable class=\"aligncenter\" border=\"0\" width=\"600\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">The satellite images below show, from left to right, wildfire smoke from the CZU Lightning Complex fire near Santa Cruz; the LNU Lightning Complex near Lake Berryessa; and the SCU Lightning Complex near Heny W. Coe State Park, southeast of San Jose. The CZU and SCU images were captured on Aug. 20; the LNU image was taken on Aug. 19. The images come courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.planet.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Planet Labs Inc.\u003c/a> \u003cem>\u003cstrong>Click on each image to open up a larger version\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable class=\"aligncenter\" border=\"0\" width=\"600\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\n\u003ctable class=\"aligncenter\" border=\"0\" width=\"600\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"200\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/01_CZU_750_1335_200820-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/01_CZU_200_333_200820.jpg\" alt=\"CZU Lightning Complex\" width=\"200\" height=\"333\">\u003c/a>\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd width=\"200\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/02_LNU_750_1335_200819.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/02_LNU_200_333_200819.jpg\" alt=\"LNU Lightning Complex\" width=\"200\" height=\"333\">\u003c/a>\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd width=\"200\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/03_SCU_750_1335_200820.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/08/03_SCU_200_333_200820.jpg\" alt=\"SCU Lightning Complex\" width=\"200\" height=\"333\">\u003c/a>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "How Climate Change Is Contributing to California's Bad Fire Seasons",
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"content": "\u003cp>Addressing the Democratic National Convention last week via a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqGJlDwqNcw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">cellphone video\u003c/span>\u003c/a> shot in a redwood forest around Santa Cruz, about a mile from the CZU Lightning Complex fire, Gov. Gavin Newsom said the series of conflagrations ripping through the state have the fingerprints of climate change all over it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hots are getting hotter, the drys are getting drier. Climate change is real,” he said. “If you are in denial about climate change, come to California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/DemConvention/status/1296614745374629889?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Daniel Swain\u003c/strong>, a climate scientist with UCLA and a prolific \u003ca href=\"https://weatherwest.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">chronicler \u003c/span>\u003c/a> of California’s increasingly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1922847/wilder-weather-swings-in-californias-future-could-spell-disaster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">wild weather\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, discussed the impact of climate change on wildfires on KQED’s Forum radio \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101879342/the-link-between-climate-change-and-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">program\u003c/a> on Tuesday. Swain and other scientists have conducted \u003cspan class=\"s1\">research\u003c/span> suggesting climate change is a key driver of more frequent wildfires in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are some key points Swain made on the show, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>What’s different about this series of fires?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>Daniel Swain:\u003c/em> It’s not the total acreage burned that’s so astonishing. It’s the fact that it occurred in about a two-week period and just in Northern California. That’s a relatively small region in a very short period of time over which to see that kind of wildfire extent, even in a part of the world that has experienced quite severe wildfire activity over the past five or six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">What’s so surprising is how quickly the situation escalated. Often California sees its largest and fastest moving wildfires, especially in coastal areas, in the autumn, with offshore wind conditions \u003ci>—\u003c/i> the Diablo winds in the Bay Area and the Santa Ana winds in Southern California. In this case, there were no such offshore winds to speak of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>What has the effect of climate change been on California wildfires?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">My co-authors and I published a \u003ca href=\"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab83a7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> recently focused on autumn fire risk in California and did indeed find that the number of extreme fire-weather days has already doubled due to climate change and is continuing to increase as warming continues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">My same colleagues were involved in another study that came to the conclusion that there has been a very steep increase in the number of wildfire acres burned in California over the past several decades. And one of the key reasons for that is indeed the way the climate has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>How has climate contributed to these bad fire seasons?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Climate change has increased fire risk by increasing vegetation aridity \u003ci>—\u003c/i> what’s known as fuel moisture \u003ci>—\u003c/i> over time; meaning vegetation becomes more flammable. Increasingly, dry vegetation burns more intensely, creates more intense and larger fires, which spread more quickly and are harder to fight.\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">What’s so striking this year is that we had sort of this classic sequence of events that you might expect to lead to a bad fire season. It started out with the dry winter in Northern California and then a particularly warm spring. July was actually pretty typical, which is to say, relatively mild and dry. But then we came to August and things changed very quickly. We had a very prolonged record heat wave and that big lightning event. [Lightning strikes ignited the recent series of fires in Northern California.] And then on top of that we have the legacy of climate change with this long-term dryness in the vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">All the other factors that normally play into fire risk in California are still relevant. Obviously, we still worry about strong winds, especially those strong offshore winds in autumn. We worry about dry winters. We worry about dry autumns because that extends our fire season. But on top of all of this, what really seems to matter is that when you do get extreme fire weather conditions by some other means, whether it’s the dry lightning outbreak or a strong wind outbreak or a big heat wave, there’s antecedent drying of vegetation that sets the stage for those fires to become even more extreme than they would have been otherwise under the circumstances.\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Addressing the Democratic National Convention last week via a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqGJlDwqNcw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">cellphone video\u003c/span>\u003c/a> shot in a redwood forest around Santa Cruz, about a mile from the CZU Lightning Complex fire, Gov. Gavin Newsom said the series of conflagrations ripping through the state have the fingerprints of climate change all over it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hots are getting hotter, the drys are getting drier. Climate change is real,” he said. “If you are in denial about climate change, come to California.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Daniel Swain\u003c/strong>, a climate scientist with UCLA and a prolific \u003ca href=\"https://weatherwest.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">chronicler \u003c/span>\u003c/a> of California’s increasingly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1922847/wilder-weather-swings-in-californias-future-could-spell-disaster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">wild weather\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, discussed the impact of climate change on wildfires on KQED’s Forum radio \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101879342/the-link-between-climate-change-and-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">program\u003c/a> on Tuesday. Swain and other scientists have conducted \u003cspan class=\"s1\">research\u003c/span> suggesting climate change is a key driver of more frequent wildfires in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are some key points Swain made on the show, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>What’s different about this series of fires?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>Daniel Swain:\u003c/em> It’s not the total acreage burned that’s so astonishing. It’s the fact that it occurred in about a two-week period and just in Northern California. That’s a relatively small region in a very short period of time over which to see that kind of wildfire extent, even in a part of the world that has experienced quite severe wildfire activity over the past five or six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">What’s so surprising is how quickly the situation escalated. Often California sees its largest and fastest moving wildfires, especially in coastal areas, in the autumn, with offshore wind conditions \u003ci>—\u003c/i> the Diablo winds in the Bay Area and the Santa Ana winds in Southern California. In this case, there were no such offshore winds to speak of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>What has the effect of climate change been on California wildfires?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">My co-authors and I published a \u003ca href=\"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab83a7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> recently focused on autumn fire risk in California and did indeed find that the number of extreme fire-weather days has already doubled due to climate change and is continuing to increase as warming continues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">My same colleagues were involved in another study that came to the conclusion that there has been a very steep increase in the number of wildfire acres burned in California over the past several decades. And one of the key reasons for that is indeed the way the climate has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>How has climate contributed to these bad fire seasons?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Climate change has increased fire risk by increasing vegetation aridity \u003ci>—\u003c/i> what’s known as fuel moisture \u003ci>—\u003c/i> over time; meaning vegetation becomes more flammable. Increasingly, dry vegetation burns more intensely, creates more intense and larger fires, which spread more quickly and are harder to fight.\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">What’s so striking this year is that we had sort of this classic sequence of events that you might expect to lead to a bad fire season. It started out with the dry winter in Northern California and then a particularly warm spring. July was actually pretty typical, which is to say, relatively mild and dry. But then we came to August and things changed very quickly. We had a very prolonged record heat wave and that big lightning event. [Lightning strikes ignited the recent series of fires in Northern California.] And then on top of that we have the legacy of climate change with this long-term dryness in the vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">All the other factors that normally play into fire risk in California are still relevant. Obviously, we still worry about strong winds, especially those strong offshore winds in autumn. We worry about dry winters. We worry about dry autumns because that extends our fire season. But on top of all of this, what really seems to matter is that when you do get extreme fire weather conditions by some other means, whether it’s the dry lightning outbreak or a strong wind outbreak or a big heat wave, there’s antecedent drying of vegetation that sets the stage for those fires to become even more extreme than they would have been otherwise under the circumstances.\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California Wildfires Scorch Redwoods and Threaten Condors. But There's Still Hope",
"headTitle": "California Wildfires Scorch Redwoods and Threaten Condors. But There’s Still Hope | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>At 3 a.m. on Friday morning, biologist Kelly Sorenson was awake, nervously watching the live webcam feed of a California condor nest on the Big Sur coast. He could see a 5-month-old chick, still unable to fly, as the flames of the Dolan Fire came into view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was just terrifying,” Sorenson said. “Having the livestreaming webcams was both a blessing and a nightmare because we had to watch the fire as it burned through the canyon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s massive wildfires have burned more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/california-fire-map/\">1,000 homes and buildings\u003c/a> over the last week, destroying irreplaceable possessions and memories for some residents. At the same time, the fires are also threatening some of the state’s rare ecosystems and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologists are watching closely as the blazes encroach on old-growth redwood trees in Northern and Central California, where some giants are more than 1,000 years old and are known by individual names. While some seem to have been spared, Big Basin State Park — the oldest state park in California — saw significant fire damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, biologists say there are reasons to be hopeful, because redwoods have incredibly thick bark that can withstand wildfires. Even fully charred trees can sprout again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larger question is whether ecosystems can fully bounce back after extreme fires given that the climate change, already driving the current wildfires, can also make recovery difficult through heat stress and drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the endangered California condors, recovery is still tenuous. In 1987, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/articles/california-condor-recovery.htm\">just 27 birds remained\u003c/a>. Scientists brought them into captivity to begin a breeding program. Today, there are about 100 condors free-flying on California’s Central Coast. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ventanaws.org/california-condors.html\">Ventana Wildlife Society\u003c/a>, where Sorenson is executive director, has been carefully tracking and releasing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The massive birds, with a 9-foot wingspan, are still threatened by lead poisoning since they feed on the carcasses of animals that have lead bullet fragments from hunters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the eight condor nests with chicks this year, Sorenson says five are within the fire zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even just four or five birds would be a huge loss,” said Sorenson. “It’s just really nerve-wracking now, not knowing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Sorenson is hopeful some chicks made it. In 2008, condor chicks survived a wildfire in Big Sur, protected by the tall redwood trees they nested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were convinced there was no way the chicks could survive the fire,” he said. “Sure enough, a chick survived and we named it Phoenix.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwood trees are built to survive fires, insulated by bark up to a foot thick. While lightning-caused fires aren’t as common in coastal redwood habitat as they are elsewhere in California, burning is still a natural cycle in the ecosystem. Native American tribes often set regular fires to shape the landscape and encourage certain plants to grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of their resilience, I feel a lot more hopeful than super worried about the trees,” said Kristen Shive, director of science for \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetheredwoods.org/\">Save the Redwoods League\u003c/a>. “The trees really are so incredibly tough when it comes to fire. Most of them will persist and survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even trees that look significantly scorched are still alive and can regrow from their base. Many of the largest redwood trees growing today show burn scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a fire is hot enough to consume the entire crown of a tree, in a pine tree, that tree is most likely dead,” Shive said. “But in redwoods, they have these buds that lie dormant under their bark and they can sprout after the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the younger generation of redwood trees may be more at risk. Around 95% of California’s redwoods were logged, so the majority growing today are newer, “second-growth” trees. Those forests tend to be denser, allowing wildfires to burn hotter and spread more easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much like other California landscapes, vegetation in some redwood forests is heavier than it used to be. As wildfires were suppressed in the modern era of firefighting and Native American tribes were removed by settlers from their land, there were fewer regular fires to clear out the forest floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shive says setting controlled or “prescribed” fires in redwood forests will be even more essential as the climate warms, to prevent wildfires from doing too much damage. While redwoods are able to bounce back, they’re already stressed by hotter temperatures and drought at the southern end of their range, potentially interfering with their recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still need to be setting these forests up to be as fire-resilient as possible, since, as we’ve seen in this last week, this warmer and drier future is already upon us and it’s going to get worse,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Wildfires+Hit+California%27s+Redwoods+And+Condors%2C+But+There%27s+Still+Hope&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At 3 a.m. on Friday morning, biologist Kelly Sorenson was awake, nervously watching the live webcam feed of a California condor nest on the Big Sur coast. He could see a 5-month-old chick, still unable to fly, as the flames of the Dolan Fire came into view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was just terrifying,” Sorenson said. “Having the livestreaming webcams was both a blessing and a nightmare because we had to watch the fire as it burned through the canyon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s massive wildfires have burned more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/california-fire-map/\">1,000 homes and buildings\u003c/a> over the last week, destroying irreplaceable possessions and memories for some residents. At the same time, the fires are also threatening some of the state’s rare ecosystems and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologists are watching closely as the blazes encroach on old-growth redwood trees in Northern and Central California, where some giants are more than 1,000 years old and are known by individual names. While some seem to have been spared, Big Basin State Park — the oldest state park in California — saw significant fire damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, biologists say there are reasons to be hopeful, because redwoods have incredibly thick bark that can withstand wildfires. Even fully charred trees can sprout again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larger question is whether ecosystems can fully bounce back after extreme fires given that the climate change, already driving the current wildfires, can also make recovery difficult through heat stress and drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the endangered California condors, recovery is still tenuous. In 1987, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/articles/california-condor-recovery.htm\">just 27 birds remained\u003c/a>. Scientists brought them into captivity to begin a breeding program. Today, there are about 100 condors free-flying on California’s Central Coast. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ventanaws.org/california-condors.html\">Ventana Wildlife Society\u003c/a>, where Sorenson is executive director, has been carefully tracking and releasing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The massive birds, with a 9-foot wingspan, are still threatened by lead poisoning since they feed on the carcasses of animals that have lead bullet fragments from hunters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the eight condor nests with chicks this year, Sorenson says five are within the fire zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even just four or five birds would be a huge loss,” said Sorenson. “It’s just really nerve-wracking now, not knowing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Sorenson is hopeful some chicks made it. In 2008, condor chicks survived a wildfire in Big Sur, protected by the tall redwood trees they nested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were convinced there was no way the chicks could survive the fire,” he said. “Sure enough, a chick survived and we named it Phoenix.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwood trees are built to survive fires, insulated by bark up to a foot thick. While lightning-caused fires aren’t as common in coastal redwood habitat as they are elsewhere in California, burning is still a natural cycle in the ecosystem. Native American tribes often set regular fires to shape the landscape and encourage certain plants to grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of their resilience, I feel a lot more hopeful than super worried about the trees,” said Kristen Shive, director of science for \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetheredwoods.org/\">Save the Redwoods League\u003c/a>. “The trees really are so incredibly tough when it comes to fire. Most of them will persist and survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even trees that look significantly scorched are still alive and can regrow from their base. Many of the largest redwood trees growing today show burn scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a fire is hot enough to consume the entire crown of a tree, in a pine tree, that tree is most likely dead,” Shive said. “But in redwoods, they have these buds that lie dormant under their bark and they can sprout after the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the younger generation of redwood trees may be more at risk. Around 95% of California’s redwoods were logged, so the majority growing today are newer, “second-growth” trees. Those forests tend to be denser, allowing wildfires to burn hotter and spread more easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much like other California landscapes, vegetation in some redwood forests is heavier than it used to be. As wildfires were suppressed in the modern era of firefighting and Native American tribes were removed by settlers from their land, there were fewer regular fires to clear out the forest floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shive says setting controlled or “prescribed” fires in redwood forests will be even more essential as the climate warms, to prevent wildfires from doing too much damage. While redwoods are able to bounce back, they’re already stressed by hotter temperatures and drought at the southern end of their range, potentially interfering with their recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still need to be setting these forests up to be as fire-resilient as possible, since, as we’ve seen in this last week, this warmer and drier future is already upon us and it’s going to get worse,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Wildfires+Hit+California%27s+Redwoods+And+Condors%2C+But+There%27s+Still+Hope&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
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"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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},
"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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"source": "pbs"
},
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