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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chinese state media is reporting that flights leaving Wuhan, China will be canceled starting Thursday morning, in response to the virus thought to have originated in that city. The goal is to stop the spread of the bug, a newly discovered coronavirus that has sickened more than 500 people and killed at least 17 in China. Public health officials are calling it the novel coronavirus. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Tuesday, U.S. authorities announced the first domestic case in Washington state, and \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">officials \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">are still conducting \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.flysfo.com/passengers-arriving-wuhan-china-are-being-screened-novel-coronavirus\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">health screenings\u003c/span>\u003c/a> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">for passengers flying to the U.S. from Wuhan. The screenings began during the weekend at San Francisco International Airport, Los Angeles International Airport and New York City’s John F. Kennedy\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday, airport screening began at Chicago’s O’Hare airport and Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The illness which triggers coughing, fever, respiratory struggles and pneumonia has spread to regions of China, South Korea, Japan, Thailand and Taiwan. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Martin Cetron, director for the Division of Global Migration and Quarantine for the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, says entry screening is a good precautionary measure to identify and target sick passengers potentially infected with the new virus. At the same time, he acknowledged that “no system is foolproof.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The World Health Organization, by contrast, recommends against traveler screening. “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is generally considered that entry screening offers little benefit, while requiring considerable resources,” WHO officials said in a Jan. 10 \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/ith/2020-0901_outbreak_of_Pneumonia_caused_by_a_new_coronavirus_in_C/en/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">release\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> .\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Josh Michaud, associate director for Global Health Policy at the Kaiser Family Foundation, compares airport screening to seeking a needle in a haystack. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If the goal is to identify new cases of an emerging disease like the novel coronavirus, then airport screenings have been historically poor methods to identify new cases based off of studies,” Michaud said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He points to a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3294328/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> noting the failure of airport screenings in Canada to detect a single case of severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. In 2003 that disease killed 774 people, including 43 Canadians. Both SARS and the new Chinese bug are coronaviruses.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Michaud also referred to a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19215720\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> criticizing the effectiveness of using temperature scanners at U.S. airports to detect infectious disease. The study’s authors say thermometers offer passengers emotional reassurance, a signal that government is doing \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">something\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in response to the outbreak, even if they don’t provide medically sound information. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Detecting a rare disease among thousands or potentially millions of passengers is very difficult, Michaud said. For example, the screening could easily miss infected people without symptoms. He would rather see more resources allocated to places like \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov.tw/En/Bulletin/Detail/pVg_jRVvtHhp94C6GShRkQ?typeid=158\">Taiwan\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/13-01-2020-who-statement-on-novel-coronavirus-in-thailand\">Thailand\u003c/a> that are experiencing new cases. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Make sure that those systems are functioning well,” Michaud said, “that the providers are well-educated, that they know what to do and how to report those cases.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This view has not dissuaded authorities from checking people where they can. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bei Bei Tong, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a young woman wearing gold spectacles and bright red lipstick,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> arrived recently at SFO from Wuhan.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Like most of the arriving passengers, she’s visiting the Bay Area for the Lunar New Year celebrations that begin this weekend.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tong says Chinese health officials checked her temperature before she boarded the plane in Wuhan. When she landed, U.S. health officials checked her temperature again and scanned a health questionnaire that asked if she’d coughed, felt feverish or experienced other signs of illness. If a passenger’s temperature is above 100 F, screeners will pull that person aside for extra tests like a chest x-ray beyond the airport. As of Wednesday evening, public health screeners at SFO had not flagged any passengers for more testing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Despite multiple screenings before she cleared U.S. Customs, Tong said she’s too excited \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to worry about getting sick. She was on her first trip outside of China, and she believes her home country has its citizens’ best interests in mind. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I believe my government,” Tong said. “They do many things to protect ourselves.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chinese state media is reporting that flights leaving Wuhan, China will be canceled starting Thursday morning, in response to the virus thought to have originated in that city. The goal is to stop the spread of the bug, a newly discovered coronavirus that has sickened more than 500 people and killed at least 17 in China. Public health officials are calling it the novel coronavirus. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Tuesday, U.S. authorities announced the first domestic case in Washington state, and \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">officials \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">are still conducting \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.flysfo.com/passengers-arriving-wuhan-china-are-being-screened-novel-coronavirus\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">health screenings\u003c/span>\u003c/a> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">for passengers flying to the U.S. from Wuhan. The screenings began during the weekend at San Francisco International Airport, Los Angeles International Airport and New York City’s John F. Kennedy\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday, airport screening began at Chicago’s O’Hare airport and Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The illness which triggers coughing, fever, respiratory struggles and pneumonia has spread to regions of China, South Korea, Japan, Thailand and Taiwan. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Martin Cetron, director for the Division of Global Migration and Quarantine for the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, says entry screening is a good precautionary measure to identify and target sick passengers potentially infected with the new virus. At the same time, he acknowledged that “no system is foolproof.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The World Health Organization, by contrast, recommends against traveler screening. “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is generally considered that entry screening offers little benefit, while requiring considerable resources,” WHO officials said in a Jan. 10 \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/ith/2020-0901_outbreak_of_Pneumonia_caused_by_a_new_coronavirus_in_C/en/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">release\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> .\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Josh Michaud, associate director for Global Health Policy at the Kaiser Family Foundation, compares airport screening to seeking a needle in a haystack. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If the goal is to identify new cases of an emerging disease like the novel coronavirus, then airport screenings have been historically poor methods to identify new cases based off of studies,” Michaud said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He points to a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3294328/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> noting the failure of airport screenings in Canada to detect a single case of severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. In 2003 that disease killed 774 people, including 43 Canadians. Both SARS and the new Chinese bug are coronaviruses.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Michaud also referred to a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19215720\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> criticizing the effectiveness of using temperature scanners at U.S. airports to detect infectious disease. The study’s authors say thermometers offer passengers emotional reassurance, a signal that government is doing \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">something\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in response to the outbreak, even if they don’t provide medically sound information. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Detecting a rare disease among thousands or potentially millions of passengers is very difficult, Michaud said. For example, the screening could easily miss infected people without symptoms. He would rather see more resources allocated to places like \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov.tw/En/Bulletin/Detail/pVg_jRVvtHhp94C6GShRkQ?typeid=158\">Taiwan\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/13-01-2020-who-statement-on-novel-coronavirus-in-thailand\">Thailand\u003c/a> that are experiencing new cases. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Make sure that those systems are functioning well,” Michaud said, “that the providers are well-educated, that they know what to do and how to report those cases.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This view has not dissuaded authorities from checking people where they can. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bei Bei Tong, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a young woman wearing gold spectacles and bright red lipstick,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> arrived recently at SFO from Wuhan.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Like most of the arriving passengers, she’s visiting the Bay Area for the Lunar New Year celebrations that begin this weekend.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tong says Chinese health officials checked her temperature before she boarded the plane in Wuhan. When she landed, U.S. health officials checked her temperature again and scanned a health questionnaire that asked if she’d coughed, felt feverish or experienced other signs of illness. If a passenger’s temperature is above 100 F, screeners will pull that person aside for extra tests like a chest x-ray beyond the airport. As of Wednesday evening, public health screeners at SFO had not flagged any passengers for more testing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Despite multiple screenings before she cleared U.S. Customs, Tong said she’s too excited \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to worry about getting sick. She was on her first trip outside of China, and she believes her home country has its citizens’ best interests in mind. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I believe my government,” Tong said. “They do many things to protect ourselves.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "First U.S. Case of New Coronavirus Detected in Washington State",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Chinese city of Wuhan shut down outbound flights and trains as the world’s most populous country battled the spread of a new virus that has sickened hundreds of people and killed 17, Chinese state media said early Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state-owned People’s Daily newspaper said no one would be allowed to leave the city of several million people. The official Xinhua News Agency said no one would be permitted to leave without a specific reason. Train stations and the airport were to shut down at 10 a.m. Buses, subways, ferries and long-distance shuttle buses would also be temporarily closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the cases are in Wuhan and surrounding Hubei province, but dozens of infections have popped up this week around the country as millions travel for the Lunar New Year holiday, one of the world’s largest annual migrations of people. A handful of infected people who came from Wuhan have also been found overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Geneva, the World Health Organization put off deciding whether to declare the outbreak a global health emergency and asked its expert committee on the issue to continue meeting for a second day Thursday. The organization defines a global emergency as an “extraordinary event” that constitutes a risk to other countries and requires a coordinated international response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of new cases has risen sharply in China, the center of the outbreak. The 17 deaths announced Wednesday night were all in Hubei province, where the outbreak emerged in the provincial capital of Wuhan late last month. Wuhan authorities said the province has confirmed 444 cases, which would bring the national total to more than 500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There has already been human-to-human transmission and infection of medical workers,” Li Bin, deputy director of the National Health Commission, said at a news conference Wednesday with health experts. “Evidence has shown that the disease has been transmitted through the respiratory tract and there is the possibility of viral mutation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the U.S. reported its first case of a new and potentially deadly virus circulating in China, saying a Washington state resident who returned last week from the outbreak’s epicenter was hospitalized near Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man, identified only as a Snohomish County resident is in his 30s, was in good condition and wasn’t considered a threat to medical staff or the public, health officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. health officials stressed that they believe the virus’ overall risk to the American public remained low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the spreading virus, authorities have instituted precautionary\u003ca href=\"https://www.flysfo.com/passengers-arriving-wuhan-china-are-being-screened-novel-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> health screenings\u003c/a> for passengers flying to the U.S. from Wuhan, China, where the outbreak began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The screenings began over the weekend at San Francisco International Airport, as well as at Los Angeles International Airport and New York City’s John F. Kennedy and LaGuardia airports. Checks will expand to Chicago’s O’Hare and Atlanta’s Hartsfield-Jackson airports this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The patient in Washington state entered the U.S. through a flight originating in Wuhan, before the airport checks began, the CDC said. Of the 1,200 airport screenings that were conducted as of Tuesday morning, no passenger was determined to have the coronavirus, said Dr. Nancy Messonnier, director of the CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other airports around the world had also stepped up monitoring, checking passengers from China for signs of illness in hopes of containing the virus during the busy Lunar New Year travel season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospitalized U.S. resident had no symptoms when he arrived at the Seattle-Tacoma airport last Wednesday, but he started feeling ill on Thursday and went to a doctor on Sunday with a fever and a cough, officials said. Lab testing on Monday confirmed he had the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The gentleman right now is very healthy,” said Dr. Nancy Messonnier of the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital, Providence Regional Medical Center in Everett, said in a statement that it expected the man would be monitored there at least until Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC officials said they sent a team to Washington to try to track down people who might have come in contact with the man. The hospital also said it was contacting “the small number of staff and patients” who may have been with the man at a clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man is originally from central China, lives alone in the U.S. and made the trip solo, officials said. There were relatively few people who came in contact with him since he got back, health officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, doctors began seeing the new virus in people who got sick after spending time at a food market in Wuhan. More than 275 cases of the newly identified virus have been confirmed in China, most of them in Wuhan, according to the World Health Organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials have said it probably spread from animals to people, but this week Chinese officials said they’ve concluded it also can spread from person to person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health authorities this month identified the germ behind the outbreak as a new type of coronavirus. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses, some of which cause the common cold; others found in bats, camels and other animals have evolved into more severe illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SARS, or severe acute respiratory syndrome, belongs to the coronavirus family, but Chinese state media say the illness in Wuhan is different from coronaviruses that have been identified in the past. Earlier laboratory tests ruled out SARS and MERS — Middle East respiratory syndrome — as well as influenza, bird flu, adenovirus and other common lung-infecting germs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new virus so far does not appear to be as deadly as SARS and MERS, but viruses can sometimes mutate to become more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of Washington coronavirus researcher David Veesler said the public “should not be panicking right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response has been “very efficient,” Veesler said. “In a couple of weeks, China was able to identify the virus, isolate it, sequence it and share that information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veesler added: “We don’t have enough data to judge how severe the disease is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC’s Messonnier said health officials expected to see more cases in the U.S. and around the world in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A Washington state man is the first identified case in the U.S. of a newly discovered and deadly virus. All passengers flying to the U.S. from Wuhan, China, the epicenter of an outbreak, are now being routed to 1 of 5 airports for screening, including SFO.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Chinese city of Wuhan shut down outbound flights and trains as the world’s most populous country battled the spread of a new virus that has sickened hundreds of people and killed 17, Chinese state media said early Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state-owned People’s Daily newspaper said no one would be allowed to leave the city of several million people. The official Xinhua News Agency said no one would be permitted to leave without a specific reason. Train stations and the airport were to shut down at 10 a.m. Buses, subways, ferries and long-distance shuttle buses would also be temporarily closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the cases are in Wuhan and surrounding Hubei province, but dozens of infections have popped up this week around the country as millions travel for the Lunar New Year holiday, one of the world’s largest annual migrations of people. A handful of infected people who came from Wuhan have also been found overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Geneva, the World Health Organization put off deciding whether to declare the outbreak a global health emergency and asked its expert committee on the issue to continue meeting for a second day Thursday. The organization defines a global emergency as an “extraordinary event” that constitutes a risk to other countries and requires a coordinated international response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of new cases has risen sharply in China, the center of the outbreak. The 17 deaths announced Wednesday night were all in Hubei province, where the outbreak emerged in the provincial capital of Wuhan late last month. Wuhan authorities said the province has confirmed 444 cases, which would bring the national total to more than 500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There has already been human-to-human transmission and infection of medical workers,” Li Bin, deputy director of the National Health Commission, said at a news conference Wednesday with health experts. “Evidence has shown that the disease has been transmitted through the respiratory tract and there is the possibility of viral mutation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the U.S. reported its first case of a new and potentially deadly virus circulating in China, saying a Washington state resident who returned last week from the outbreak’s epicenter was hospitalized near Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man, identified only as a Snohomish County resident is in his 30s, was in good condition and wasn’t considered a threat to medical staff or the public, health officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. health officials stressed that they believe the virus’ overall risk to the American public remained low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the spreading virus, authorities have instituted precautionary\u003ca href=\"https://www.flysfo.com/passengers-arriving-wuhan-china-are-being-screened-novel-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> health screenings\u003c/a> for passengers flying to the U.S. from Wuhan, China, where the outbreak began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The screenings began over the weekend at San Francisco International Airport, as well as at Los Angeles International Airport and New York City’s John F. Kennedy and LaGuardia airports. Checks will expand to Chicago’s O’Hare and Atlanta’s Hartsfield-Jackson airports this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The patient in Washington state entered the U.S. through a flight originating in Wuhan, before the airport checks began, the CDC said. Of the 1,200 airport screenings that were conducted as of Tuesday morning, no passenger was determined to have the coronavirus, said Dr. Nancy Messonnier, director of the CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other airports around the world had also stepped up monitoring, checking passengers from China for signs of illness in hopes of containing the virus during the busy Lunar New Year travel season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospitalized U.S. resident had no symptoms when he arrived at the Seattle-Tacoma airport last Wednesday, but he started feeling ill on Thursday and went to a doctor on Sunday with a fever and a cough, officials said. Lab testing on Monday confirmed he had the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The gentleman right now is very healthy,” said Dr. Nancy Messonnier of the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital, Providence Regional Medical Center in Everett, said in a statement that it expected the man would be monitored there at least until Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC officials said they sent a team to Washington to try to track down people who might have come in contact with the man. The hospital also said it was contacting “the small number of staff and patients” who may have been with the man at a clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man is originally from central China, lives alone in the U.S. and made the trip solo, officials said. There were relatively few people who came in contact with him since he got back, health officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, doctors began seeing the new virus in people who got sick after spending time at a food market in Wuhan. More than 275 cases of the newly identified virus have been confirmed in China, most of them in Wuhan, according to the World Health Organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials have said it probably spread from animals to people, but this week Chinese officials said they’ve concluded it also can spread from person to person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health authorities this month identified the germ behind the outbreak as a new type of coronavirus. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses, some of which cause the common cold; others found in bats, camels and other animals have evolved into more severe illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SARS, or severe acute respiratory syndrome, belongs to the coronavirus family, but Chinese state media say the illness in Wuhan is different from coronaviruses that have been identified in the past. Earlier laboratory tests ruled out SARS and MERS — Middle East respiratory syndrome — as well as influenza, bird flu, adenovirus and other common lung-infecting germs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new virus so far does not appear to be as deadly as SARS and MERS, but viruses can sometimes mutate to become more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of Washington coronavirus researcher David Veesler said the public “should not be panicking right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response has been “very efficient,” Veesler said. “In a couple of weeks, China was able to identify the virus, isolate it, sequence it and share that information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veesler added: “We don’t have enough data to judge how severe the disease is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Time's Up on Groundwater Plans: One of the Most Important New California Water Laws in 50 Years Explained",
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"headTitle": "Time’s Up on Groundwater Plans: One of the Most Important New California Water Laws in 50 Years Explained | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Much of California’s water supply is a hidden asset: Deep below the surface, rocks, gravel and sand store water like a sponge, in an underground zone called an aquifer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote] Managers for 21 ‘critically overdrafted’ basins have a Jan. 31 deadline to submit groundwater management plans. [/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In dry years, this groundwater has been tapped to save farms, keep grass green and provide drinking water to millions of Californians. But over time, people have taken more water out than nature has put back in. Estimates vary, but according to the U.S. Geological Survey, California pumped 41 trillion gallons of water fom the ground in about 100 years, through 2013. In some parts of the Central Valley, that means land has been dropping \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ca-water-ls/science/land-subsidence-san-joaquin-valley?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">around a foot a year\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The landmark \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a>, or SGMA, requires some of the state’s thirstiest areas form local “Groundwater Sustainability Agencies” and submit long-term plans by Jan. 31 for keeping aquifers healthy. Together, those plans will add up to a big reveal, as g\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">roundwater managers finally disclose how badly they believe their aquifers are overdrawn, and a collective picture emerges. It’s a major shift and arguably the most important new California water law in 50 years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are some key things to know about the groundwater situation in California and how the law will impact the state. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Until six years ago, California did not routinely regulate or monitor groundwater. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The California Constitution decrees that water use has to be reasonable and beneficial, but the state has placed few limits on how water can be pumped from the ground. A 1914 law empowering the state water board to manage the resource omitted groundwater. You can blame the lack of regulation partly on 18th-century Spanish colonists who brought with them the idea that a landowner is entitled to all of the water below the surface, without any obligation to share it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the beginning of the 20th century, water was still plentiful in California, and the idea of unfettered access to groundwater made sense in a state lush with wetlands. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So for the last century, landowners continued to think of groundwater as pretty much a birthright. It’s become an essential component of California’s water portfolio: S\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tate officials say 30 million residents rely on groundwater for at least some portion of their drinking supply, and i\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n the driest years, people keep basically sticking a straw into the earth to slake their thirst. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Water at the surface is connected to the water hidden below. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The water from California’s rivers and streams, along with rainwater, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">seeps into the ground, where it remains among the rocks, gravel and sand. Between these surface and sub-surface supplies lies the water table, which is what hydrologists call the top of the area that has been saturated underground. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using too much groundwater affects not only surface water supplies but also entire ecosystems. Pumping from the earth deep enough to suck water out can lower the groundwater table and dry out surface soils. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rivers and streams feed more than 500 aquifers around California. Less than a quarter of these account for the overwhelming majority of groundwater pumping. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>In these basins, this landmark law already has begun to transform the Central Valley. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For decades, farmers fought the regulation and monitoring of groundwater tooth and nail. Now that it’s here, SGMA has already begun to change the region’s economy and landscape, as some farmers have sold or fallowed land in antipation of the coming changes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Public Policy Institute of California \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/water-and-the-future-of-the-san-joaquin-valley/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">predicts\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that agricultural interests may have to let 750,000 acres of land go fallow, mostly in parts of the San Joaquin Valley where the most severe overpumping has occurred.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Farmers may also have to cycle current crops out for those requiring less water. For example, almonds are water-intensive but have been profitable in recent years; those margins would change if water becomes much more expensive than it is now. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Some local water managers have a lot of work to show by the end of the month. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are 21 “critically overdrafted” basins for which officials must submit groundwater management plans by Jan. 31. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In each area where people have habitually pumped more than has come back in, local water managers have to figure out how much they’ve taken from underground, and how water at the surface replenishes those stores. Each region has to propose ways to monitor groundwater over multiple intervals: day-to-day, short-term, seasonal, and yearslong. Basically, they’re creating monitoring systems, in some cases from scratch, to help determine whether conditions are changing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The groundwater plans are built around models for how to share water in a way that’s sustainable by 2040. Each one can be a little different, but local managers and the state have to check up on every single one and meet interim deadlines every five years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\">Department of Water Resources\u003c/a> can accept the plans as is or ask for tweaks. DWR can also refer the plans to the state water board for intervention, meaning that local officials may have to try again if the state judges a plan unlikely to succeed. In extreme cases, the state may have to step in to settle disputes over local rights.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This isn’t just a Valley problem.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Balancing aquifers like bank accounts will cost money and effort in the Bay Area and other parts of the state. Two years from now, managers for dozens more groundwater basins with state-designated risk ratings of high or medium must submit their own plans to the State Water Resources Control Board. They include water managers in Sonoma, Napa, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though these plans will take years to come into focus, plenty of political decisions remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State requirements for sustainable regional groundwater management haven’t taken away anyone’s rights; the rules have changed how localities must meet their water needs from now on. Even the plans submitted by the locally formed groundwater agencies that will meet this year’s deadline haven’t absolutely nailed down who gets to use what in the future. The coming decisions and politics about water may be tense, but the alternative is that one day, wells could run dry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Time's Up on Groundwater Plans: One of the Most Important New California Water Laws in 50 Years Explained | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Much of California’s water supply is a hidden asset: Deep below the surface, rocks, gravel and sand store water like a sponge, in an underground zone called an aquifer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In dry years, this groundwater has been tapped to save farms, keep grass green and provide drinking water to millions of Californians. But over time, people have taken more water out than nature has put back in. Estimates vary, but according to the U.S. Geological Survey, California pumped 41 trillion gallons of water fom the ground in about 100 years, through 2013. In some parts of the Central Valley, that means land has been dropping \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ca-water-ls/science/land-subsidence-san-joaquin-valley?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">around a foot a year\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The landmark \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a>, or SGMA, requires some of the state’s thirstiest areas form local “Groundwater Sustainability Agencies” and submit long-term plans by Jan. 31 for keeping aquifers healthy. Together, those plans will add up to a big reveal, as g\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">roundwater managers finally disclose how badly they believe their aquifers are overdrawn, and a collective picture emerges. It’s a major shift and arguably the most important new California water law in 50 years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are some key things to know about the groundwater situation in California and how the law will impact the state. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Until six years ago, California did not routinely regulate or monitor groundwater. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The California Constitution decrees that water use has to be reasonable and beneficial, but the state has placed few limits on how water can be pumped from the ground. A 1914 law empowering the state water board to manage the resource omitted groundwater. You can blame the lack of regulation partly on 18th-century Spanish colonists who brought with them the idea that a landowner is entitled to all of the water below the surface, without any obligation to share it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the beginning of the 20th century, water was still plentiful in California, and the idea of unfettered access to groundwater made sense in a state lush with wetlands. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So for the last century, landowners continued to think of groundwater as pretty much a birthright. It’s become an essential component of California’s water portfolio: S\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tate officials say 30 million residents rely on groundwater for at least some portion of their drinking supply, and i\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n the driest years, people keep basically sticking a straw into the earth to slake their thirst. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cb>Water at the surface is connected to the water hidden below. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The water from California’s rivers and streams, along with rainwater, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">seeps into the ground, where it remains among the rocks, gravel and sand. Between these surface and sub-surface supplies lies the water table, which is what hydrologists call the top of the area that has been saturated underground. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using too much groundwater affects not only surface water supplies but also entire ecosystems. Pumping from the earth deep enough to suck water out can lower the groundwater table and dry out surface soils. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rivers and streams feed more than 500 aquifers around California. Less than a quarter of these account for the overwhelming majority of groundwater pumping. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>In these basins, this landmark law already has begun to transform the Central Valley. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For decades, farmers fought the regulation and monitoring of groundwater tooth and nail. Now that it’s here, SGMA has already begun to change the region’s economy and landscape, as some farmers have sold or fallowed land in antipation of the coming changes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Public Policy Institute of California \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/water-and-the-future-of-the-san-joaquin-valley/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">predicts\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that agricultural interests may have to let 750,000 acres of land go fallow, mostly in parts of the San Joaquin Valley where the most severe overpumping has occurred.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Farmers may also have to cycle current crops out for those requiring less water. For example, almonds are water-intensive but have been profitable in recent years; those margins would change if water becomes much more expensive than it is now. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Some local water managers have a lot of work to show by the end of the month. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are 21 “critically overdrafted” basins for which officials must submit groundwater management plans by Jan. 31. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In each area where people have habitually pumped more than has come back in, local water managers have to figure out how much they’ve taken from underground, and how water at the surface replenishes those stores. Each region has to propose ways to monitor groundwater over multiple intervals: day-to-day, short-term, seasonal, and yearslong. Basically, they’re creating monitoring systems, in some cases from scratch, to help determine whether conditions are changing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The groundwater plans are built around models for how to share water in a way that’s sustainable by 2040. Each one can be a little different, but local managers and the state have to check up on every single one and meet interim deadlines every five years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\">Department of Water Resources\u003c/a> can accept the plans as is or ask for tweaks. DWR can also refer the plans to the state water board for intervention, meaning that local officials may have to try again if the state judges a plan unlikely to succeed. In extreme cases, the state may have to step in to settle disputes over local rights.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This isn’t just a Valley problem.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Balancing aquifers like bank accounts will cost money and effort in the Bay Area and other parts of the state. Two years from now, managers for dozens more groundwater basins with state-designated risk ratings of high or medium must submit their own plans to the State Water Resources Control Board. They include water managers in Sonoma, Napa, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though these plans will take years to come into focus, plenty of political decisions remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State requirements for sustainable regional groundwater management haven’t taken away anyone’s rights; the rules have changed how localities must meet their water needs from now on. Even the plans submitted by the locally formed groundwater agencies that will meet this year’s deadline haven’t absolutely nailed down who gets to use what in the future. The coming decisions and politics about water may be tense, but the alternative is that one day, wells could run dry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California Sues Federal Government Over Central Valley Drilling Proposal",
"headTitle": "California Sues Federal Government Over Central Valley Drilling Proposal | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>California on Friday officially \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/1%20Complaint.pdf\">challenged\u003c/a> a Trump administration plan to open up more than a million acres of public land in the state to fossil fuel development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, the Bureau of Land Management \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951605/its-official-feds-open-up-central-california-to-more-drilling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">finalized\u003c/a> a fracking and drilling plan that spans eight counties in Central California, ending a federal moratorium on new leases in the state. The proposal includes land in Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Tulare, and Ventura Counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra called the federal plan “half-baked” and “misguided” and says it conflicts with California policy of reducing emissions of planet- warming gases 40% by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the big concerns is this would set us back in our goals to address emissions of greenhouse gases,” Becerra said. “But it goes far beyond that. This is an issue of health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit is the latest action in California’s ongoing fight with the Trump administration over energy and climate policy. The state is aggressively scaling back fossil fuel extraction, increasing oversight of drilling operations and pursuing ambitious climate targets. At the same time, the Trump administration is seeking to expand drilling on public land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re talking about a million acres in California, federal public land, that this administration wants to open up to a process which is now substantiated to pose lots of risks,” Becerra said. “When you try to move forward with the plan that you didn’t run through the process properly, according to the law — whether it’s the environmental law, or our procedures law — we’re going to take action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California contends that more drilling will damage ecologically sensitive areas and endanger millions of Californians by contributing additional pollution in places already choked by dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra said that the risks to the state are too high to ignore. “One in every four children in the Central Valley suffers from asthma,” he said. “And all the issues that would confound our ability to protect the health of residents in the state are involved. It’s not just the risk of asthma, but heart disease, lung disease, cancer, all those things go up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra says the plan is based on “incorrect assumptions” about the amount of fracking that could take place on public lands, and that energy companies have shown little to no interest in the locations proposed, a point on which industry experts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951384/california-is-phasing-out-fossil-fuels-trump-wants-to-expand-drilling-somethings-gotta-give\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agree\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the BLM’s Central California District, Serena Baker, said in an emailed statement that the bureau received a copy of the lawsuit and is reviewing it. The agency’s environmental analysis relied on the best available science, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that the environmental impact of any new drilling project would be “addressed at the site or project-specific level in subsequent tiered environmental analysis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“BLM manages less than 10% of oil and gas operations in California with the state managing the remaining 90%,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom co-signed the lawsuit, which the state filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California, along with the California Air Resources Board, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the California Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, BLM released a separate plan that opened up nearly 800,000 acres of the state’s Central Coast plus land in Alameda and Contra Costa counties for gas and oil extraction. California has not sued the agency over this plan, but conservation groups, led by the Center for Biological Diversity, have filed suit over both drilling plans.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California on Friday officially \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/1%20Complaint.pdf\">challenged\u003c/a> a Trump administration plan to open up more than a million acres of public land in the state to fossil fuel development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, the Bureau of Land Management \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951605/its-official-feds-open-up-central-california-to-more-drilling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">finalized\u003c/a> a fracking and drilling plan that spans eight counties in Central California, ending a federal moratorium on new leases in the state. The proposal includes land in Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Tulare, and Ventura Counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra called the federal plan “half-baked” and “misguided” and says it conflicts with California policy of reducing emissions of planet- warming gases 40% by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the big concerns is this would set us back in our goals to address emissions of greenhouse gases,” Becerra said. “But it goes far beyond that. This is an issue of health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit is the latest action in California’s ongoing fight with the Trump administration over energy and climate policy. The state is aggressively scaling back fossil fuel extraction, increasing oversight of drilling operations and pursuing ambitious climate targets. At the same time, the Trump administration is seeking to expand drilling on public land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re talking about a million acres in California, federal public land, that this administration wants to open up to a process which is now substantiated to pose lots of risks,” Becerra said. “When you try to move forward with the plan that you didn’t run through the process properly, according to the law — whether it’s the environmental law, or our procedures law — we’re going to take action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California contends that more drilling will damage ecologically sensitive areas and endanger millions of Californians by contributing additional pollution in places already choked by dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra said that the risks to the state are too high to ignore. “One in every four children in the Central Valley suffers from asthma,” he said. “And all the issues that would confound our ability to protect the health of residents in the state are involved. It’s not just the risk of asthma, but heart disease, lung disease, cancer, all those things go up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra says the plan is based on “incorrect assumptions” about the amount of fracking that could take place on public lands, and that energy companies have shown little to no interest in the locations proposed, a point on which industry experts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1951384/california-is-phasing-out-fossil-fuels-trump-wants-to-expand-drilling-somethings-gotta-give\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agree\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the BLM’s Central California District, Serena Baker, said in an emailed statement that the bureau received a copy of the lawsuit and is reviewing it. The agency’s environmental analysis relied on the best available science, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that the environmental impact of any new drilling project would be “addressed at the site or project-specific level in subsequent tiered environmental analysis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“BLM manages less than 10% of oil and gas operations in California with the state managing the remaining 90%,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom co-signed the lawsuit, which the state filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California, along with the California Air Resources Board, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the California Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, BLM released a separate plan that opened up nearly 800,000 acres of the state’s Central Coast plus land in Alameda and Contra Costa counties for gas and oil extraction. California has not sued the agency over this plan, but conservation groups, led by the Center for Biological Diversity, have filed suit over both drilling plans.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Young People's Climate Suit Dismissed by Appeals Court",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal appeals court on Friday dismissed a lawsuit by 21 young people who claimed the U.S. government’s climate policies and reliance on fossil fuels harms them, jeopardizes their future and violates their constitutional rights, potentially bringing an end to a long-running legal battle that activists saw as an important front in the war against environmental degradation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oregon-based youth advocacy group Our Children’s Trust filed the lawsuit in 2015 in Eugene on behalf of the youngsters. It sought an injunction ordering the government to implement a plan to phase out fossil fuel emissions and draw down atmospheric carbon dioxide emission. The case had bounced around the federal courts for five years and multiple trial dates were canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2-1 vote for dismissal was a major blow for the climate activists, who have filed numerous similar cases in state and federal courts and currently have nine cases pending in state courts from Alaska to New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t immediately clear if any further legal avenues were open to the plaintiffs and their attorneys. Our Children’s Trust and Earth Guardians did not immediately respond to telephone messages seeking comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Barnhart, a spokeswoman for Children’s Trust, said in an email that the group would release a statement later Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government attorneys repeatedly sought the case’s dismissal and succeeded in having the scope of the claims narrowed and some defendants dismissed during years of back-and-forth litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, the court wrote that the youngsters made a compelling case that action is needed and agreed that climate change is undeniable, but said the proper venue for addressing the nation’s emissions policies and fossil fuel use is the U.S. Congress or the electorate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the justices wrote that ending the use of fossil fuels in the U.S. alone — which is what the plaintiffs sought — would not be enough to slow or stop climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rather, the record shows that many of the emissions causing climate change happened decades ago or come from foreign and non-governmental sources,” the opinion read, adding that experts who testified in the case said such results would require a “fundamental transformation” of the world’s energy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The youths, who were between the ages of 8 and 18 when the lawsuit was filed in 2015, tied specific incidents that had affected their lives to climate change and U.S. government policies. In one instance, a young woman said she was forced to leave her home on a Navajo reservation because of water scarcity, separating her from her relatives. Others mentioned physical ailments from pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These injuries are not simply ‘conjectural’ or ‘hypothetical;’ at least some of the plaintiffs have presented evidence that climate change is affecting them now in concrete ways and will continue to do so unless checked,” the majority wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sole dissenting justice, Josephine Stanton, wrote that “my colleagues throw up their hands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No case can singlehandedly prevent the catastrophic effects of climate change predicted by the government and scientists. … and the mere fact that this suit cannot alone halt climate change does not mean that it presents no claim suitable for judicial resolution,” Stanton wrote in her dissent.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco wrote that although it recognizes the youngsters made a compelling case that climate action is needed, it 'reluctantly' concluded the courts were not the right branch of government for redress.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A federal appeals court on Friday dismissed a lawsuit by 21 young people who claimed the U.S. government’s climate policies and reliance on fossil fuels harms them, jeopardizes their future and violates their constitutional rights, potentially bringing an end to a long-running legal battle that activists saw as an important front in the war against environmental degradation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oregon-based youth advocacy group Our Children’s Trust filed the lawsuit in 2015 in Eugene on behalf of the youngsters. It sought an injunction ordering the government to implement a plan to phase out fossil fuel emissions and draw down atmospheric carbon dioxide emission. The case had bounced around the federal courts for five years and multiple trial dates were canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2-1 vote for dismissal was a major blow for the climate activists, who have filed numerous similar cases in state and federal courts and currently have nine cases pending in state courts from Alaska to New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t immediately clear if any further legal avenues were open to the plaintiffs and their attorneys. Our Children’s Trust and Earth Guardians did not immediately respond to telephone messages seeking comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Barnhart, a spokeswoman for Children’s Trust, said in an email that the group would release a statement later Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government attorneys repeatedly sought the case’s dismissal and succeeded in having the scope of the claims narrowed and some defendants dismissed during years of back-and-forth litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, the court wrote that the youngsters made a compelling case that action is needed and agreed that climate change is undeniable, but said the proper venue for addressing the nation’s emissions policies and fossil fuel use is the U.S. Congress or the electorate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the justices wrote that ending the use of fossil fuels in the U.S. alone — which is what the plaintiffs sought — would not be enough to slow or stop climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rather, the record shows that many of the emissions causing climate change happened decades ago or come from foreign and non-governmental sources,” the opinion read, adding that experts who testified in the case said such results would require a “fundamental transformation” of the world’s energy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The youths, who were between the ages of 8 and 18 when the lawsuit was filed in 2015, tied specific incidents that had affected their lives to climate change and U.S. government policies. In one instance, a young woman said she was forced to leave her home on a Navajo reservation because of water scarcity, separating her from her relatives. Others mentioned physical ailments from pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These injuries are not simply ‘conjectural’ or ‘hypothetical;’ at least some of the plaintiffs have presented evidence that climate change is affecting them now in concrete ways and will continue to do so unless checked,” the majority wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sole dissenting justice, Josephine Stanton, wrote that “my colleagues throw up their hands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No case can singlehandedly prevent the catastrophic effects of climate change predicted by the government and scientists. … and the mere fact that this suit cannot alone halt climate change does not mean that it presents no claim suitable for judicial resolution,” Stanton wrote in her dissent.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Scientists Shocked by Wolf Puppies Playing Fetch",
"headTitle": "Scientists Shocked by Wolf Puppies Playing Fetch | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Some wolf puppies are unexpectedly willing to play fetch, according to scientists who saw young wolves retrieve a ball thrown by a stranger and bring it back at that person’s urging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This behavior wouldn’t be surprising in a dog. But wolves are thought to be less responsive to human cues because they haven’t gone through thousands of years of domestication.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> [pullquote citation='Christina Hansen Wheat, Stockholm University']‘When I saw the first puppy fetch — I still get goosebumps when I talk about this — it was such a surprise.’[/pullquote]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exactly how dogs emerged from a now-extinct population of ancient wolves is a mystery. Wolves are large, dangerous carnivores, and yet they were the first animals that humans tamed. More than 15,000 years ago, when humans were still hunter-gatherers, this large predator somehow \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2013/11/14/244988049/old-dogs-new-data-canines-may-have-been-domesticated-in-europe\">began\u003c/a> cozying up to people, eventually becoming their “best friend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To try to get clues about how that happened, scientists such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.su.se/english/profiles/chha9511-1.192949\">Christina Hansen Wheat\u003c/a> of Stockholm University in Sweden have been studying the differences between dogs and modern wolves. As part of her work, she raised litters of wolf puppies, feeding them and acclimating them to her presence but not playing with them or training them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the age of 8 weeks, the wolf pups were put through a series of standard behavior tests that were administered by a person the wolves had never met.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This set of tests is normally used by dog breeders, says Hansen Wheat, to assess how their puppies act in social situations. “The fetching test just happened to be part of this test battery. It wasn’t something we were targeting at all,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person conducting the test threw a tennis ball and urged the wolf puppy to bring it back. Two litters of puppies utterly failed to do this, surprising the scientists not at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some hypotheses out there that the ability to understand human social cues is a unique dog trait, a trait that arose after domestication had been initiated,” Hansen Wheat explains, so fetching on command is not a behavior expected in wolves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then a third litter went through the tests. And as she watched through a window, one of the wolf puppies went for the ball and returned it to the tester, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(19)30557-7\">report\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>iScience\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I saw the first puppy fetch — I still get goosebumps when I talk about this — it was such a surprise,” Hansen Wheat says. “It wasn’t just one puppy, it was actually three of them. That was very exciting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHUY7e52YGU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because three of the 13 tested wolf puppies spontaneously did this, a willingness to fetch might not be a dog trait, she says. Instead, it might be a wolf trait that existed in the ancestral wolf populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It might have been something that we have tried to select upon during early domestication,” Hansen Wheat says. “Wolf puppies doing this during early stages of domestication might have had a selective advantage, if they managed to establish a connection to our forefathers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She notes that researchers who work with wolves typically have few animals to test. That means scientists simply might not have enough wolves to detect rare traits, making it hard to see variations as they attempt to compare wolves with dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it will surprise dog owners as much as it surprised me that wolves actually can fetch a ball, or retrieve a ball for a person,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.arizona.edu/user/evan-maclean\">Evan MacLean\u003c/a>, who studies dog cognition at the University of Arizona, says this is an interesting observation that no one has made before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To my knowledge, this is actually the first test ever to look at whether wolves do something like this,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching the video, MacLean sees two discrete behaviors: first, chasing the ball and biting it, and then later coming back to the person while carrying the ball. To him, it doesn’t appear to be exactly the same kind of goal-oriented game of “fetch” that a dog would play with its owner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I think it’s an intriguing observation,” he says. “I think it opens up a series of interesting questions and other studies you could do to try to look at this in a more controlled and systematic way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would the wolves behave this way if there were distractions in the room, for example, or if the ball were thrown by a machine instead of a person?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no agreement on how dog domestication happened — whether some brave wolves started hanging around human camps to get scraps or whether humans actively kidnapped wolf puppies to raise them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent times, MacLean notes, wolves have been extensively hunted by humans, so today’s wolves might be more skittish around people than past wolf populations were. “It’s possible that the modern populations are quite different than the population that actually gave rise to dogs,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dogs do seem to be sensitive to human gestures, such as pointing, in ways that other species are not, including our closest relatives, chimpanzees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dogs have become special in that regard,” MacLean says, “and some people, myself included, have made claims that maybe this is something really unusual about dogs, and something that changed during dog domestication.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fetching+With+Wolves%3A+What+It+Means+That+A+Wolf+Puppy+Will+Retrieve+A+Ball&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This set of tests is normally used by dog breeders, says Hansen Wheat, to assess how their puppies act in social situations. “The fetching test just happened to be part of this test battery. It wasn’t something we were targeting at all,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person conducting the test threw a tennis ball and urged the wolf puppy to bring it back. Two litters of puppies utterly failed to do this, surprising the scientists not at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some hypotheses out there that the ability to understand human social cues is a unique dog trait, a trait that arose after domestication had been initiated,” Hansen Wheat explains, so fetching on command is not a behavior expected in wolves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then a third litter went through the tests. And as she watched through a window, one of the wolf puppies went for the ball and returned it to the tester, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(19)30557-7\">report\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>iScience\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I saw the first puppy fetch — I still get goosebumps when I talk about this — it was such a surprise,” Hansen Wheat says. “It wasn’t just one puppy, it was actually three of them. That was very exciting.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/wHUY7e52YGU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/wHUY7e52YGU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Because three of the 13 tested wolf puppies spontaneously did this, a willingness to fetch might not be a dog trait, she says. Instead, it might be a wolf trait that existed in the ancestral wolf populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It might have been something that we have tried to select upon during early domestication,” Hansen Wheat says. “Wolf puppies doing this during early stages of domestication might have had a selective advantage, if they managed to establish a connection to our forefathers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She notes that researchers who work with wolves typically have few animals to test. That means scientists simply might not have enough wolves to detect rare traits, making it hard to see variations as they attempt to compare wolves with dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it will surprise dog owners as much as it surprised me that wolves actually can fetch a ball, or retrieve a ball for a person,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.arizona.edu/user/evan-maclean\">Evan MacLean\u003c/a>, who studies dog cognition at the University of Arizona, says this is an interesting observation that no one has made before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To my knowledge, this is actually the first test ever to look at whether wolves do something like this,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching the video, MacLean sees two discrete behaviors: first, chasing the ball and biting it, and then later coming back to the person while carrying the ball. To him, it doesn’t appear to be exactly the same kind of goal-oriented game of “fetch” that a dog would play with its owner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I think it’s an intriguing observation,” he says. “I think it opens up a series of interesting questions and other studies you could do to try to look at this in a more controlled and systematic way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would the wolves behave this way if there were distractions in the room, for example, or if the ball were thrown by a machine instead of a person?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no agreement on how dog domestication happened — whether some brave wolves started hanging around human camps to get scraps or whether humans actively kidnapped wolf puppies to raise them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent times, MacLean notes, wolves have been extensively hunted by humans, so today’s wolves might be more skittish around people than past wolf populations were. “It’s possible that the modern populations are quite different than the population that actually gave rise to dogs,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dogs do seem to be sensitive to human gestures, such as pointing, in ways that other species are not, including our closest relatives, chimpanzees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dogs have become special in that regard,” MacLean says, “and some people, myself included, have made claims that maybe this is something really unusual about dogs, and something that changed during dog domestication.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fetching+With+Wolves%3A+What+It+Means+That+A+Wolf+Puppy+Will+Retrieve+A+Ball&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s governor has restarted a project to build a giant, underground tunnel that would pump billions of gallons of water from the San Joaquin Delta to the southern part of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration on Wednesday issued a Notice of Preparation for the project, which is the first step in the state’s lengthy environmental review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Newsom halted a similar project that would have built two tunnels for the same purpose. The new project will have only one tunnel, and it will carry less water. State officials don’t know how much it will cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This project would help safeguard a vital source of affordable water for millions of Californians,” said Karla Nemeth, director of the California Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tunnel would be a major addition to the State Water Project, the complex system of reservoirs, aqueducts and pumping plants that deliver water to more than 27 million Californians and 3 million acres of farmland. The water comes from rain and snow in the Sierra Nevada mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials say they need the tunnel because intake for the current system is only 3 feet (0.91 meters) above the average sea level, making it vulnerable to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Delta is home to nearly 750 species of plants and wildlife. It’s also critical part of the breeding network of wild salmon. The Sierra Club California has opposed diverting water from the Delta because the organization is concerned about how it would impact fish and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We anticipated that there might be an effort to employ a list of efficiency, conservation, and other measures to reduce dependence on a tunnel before moving forward on such a massive and environmentally harmful project,” Sierra Club California Director Kathryn Phillips said. “Now we’ll have to focus a lot of time and energy on battling the tunnel again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other groups praised the project because they said it would modernize the state’s aging water distribution infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This plan will help guarantee the reliable source of water we need to support additional housing necessary to meet the needs of California’s population,” said Dan Dunmoyer, president and CEO of the California Building Industry Association.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials say they need the tunnel because intake for the current system is only 3 feet (0.91 meters) above the average sea level, making it vulnerable to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Delta is home to nearly 750 species of plants and wildlife. It’s also critical part of the breeding network of wild salmon. The Sierra Club California has opposed diverting water from the Delta because the organization is concerned about how it would impact fish and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We anticipated that there might be an effort to employ a list of efficiency, conservation, and other measures to reduce dependence on a tunnel before moving forward on such a massive and environmentally harmful project,” Sierra Club California Director Kathryn Phillips said. “Now we’ll have to focus a lot of time and energy on battling the tunnel again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other groups praised the project because they said it would modernize the state’s aging water distribution infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This plan will help guarantee the reliable source of water we need to support additional housing necessary to meet the needs of California’s population,” said Dan Dunmoyer, president and CEO of the California Building Industry Association.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Democratic Candidates Go All In on Climate at Debate",
"headTitle": "Democratic Candidates Go All In on Climate at Debate | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Throughout last night’s Democratic presidential debate, there were signs of the strong progressive push on climate action that is animating the presidential race as it reaches a critical moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contenders for the nomination, in their final face-off before the Feb. 3 Iowa Caucuses, were eager to show their commitment to climate action as integral to policy across the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/bernie-sanders-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Bernie Sanders\u003c/a> (I-Vt.) cited climate as the main reason he opposed President Donald Trump’s free trade deal with Mexico. Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25062019/elizabeth-warren-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Elizabeth Warren\u003c/a> (D-Mass.) said climate had to be part of defense strategy. Former Vice President \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/joe-biden-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Joseph Biden\u003c/a> touted his role in heading up the largest U.S. investment ever in renewable energy as part of the 2009 economic recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, one of the moderators, \u003cem>Des Moines Register\u003c/em> chief politics reporter Brianne Pfannenstiel, implored the candidates to stick to the subject of international trade. “We’re going to get to climate change,” she promised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The candidates’ repeated return to the subject of climate change marked a dramatic turnaround from previous election cycles, when it rarely surfaced at candidate forums and routinely ranked far down on the list of voters’ concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading the push to propel climate to the top of the agenda has been the youth-led activist group Sunrise Movement, which champions the Green New Deal and \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/sunrisemvmt/sunrise-movement-endorses-bernie-sanders-for-president-b6bdb68ba408\">endorsed\u003c/a> Sanders last week—a fact he made sure to mention. The climate action group 350.org also launched a drive aimed at getting former South Bend, Indiana, Mayor Pete Buttigieg to strengthen his climate platform: “We don’t have time for middle-of-the-pack climate plans,” 350.org \u003ca href=\"https://act.350.org/sign/buttigieg-we-need-real-climate-leader/\">said\u003c/a> in its online petition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The primary season climate offensive raises questions that will be pivotal to the effort to defeat Trump and end the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/19122019/trump-climate-policy-record-rollback-fossil-energy-history-candidate-profile\">drastic setbacks\u003c/a> to global climate action under his administration. Will ardent young climate activists stay engaged if a moderate Democrat, like Biden, wins the nomination? If the party chooses a progressive like Sanders, who advocates an end to fracking, will he be able to win over enough moderate voters to defeat Trump—especially in swing states like Pennsylvania, which have come to rely heavily on natural gas production?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As important as those questions might be, the candidates are sweeping them aside for now. With polls showing that Iowa’s \u003ca href=\"http://icm-tracking.meltwater.com/link.php?DynEngagement=true&H=btYXC68syxmDVppbhVzFoYHdeMNV9070xvOlf%2FNdDQ0wXj6aidRhm2BDE5PnWsZF1T5ip8ynJpUVAxDr4kwep7fGLE%2FDPebYigVEQInFz48rO4fb4JUsfajOHUsTafKmG3QEqiDOJ69xYHAYQh%2BRyw%3D%3D&G=0&R=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.desmoinesregister.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Felections%2Fpresidential%2Fcaucus%2F2020%2F01%2F13%2Fiowa-caucus-2020-what-do-iowans-care-about-health-care-climate-change-education%2F4423488002%2F&I=20200115041604.00000c05afae%40mail6-114-ussnn1&X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVlMWU5MWNjZWZkOWI2MzhhN2ZjYWNlNDs%3D&S=9a3RU2rYNCVShgvcUtXCyN_G-pGXPhebupGXSiZd2ZU\">likely Democratic caucus participants \u003c/a>consider climate change on par with health care as a top voting issue, the candidates see little to lose by staking out the strongest possible action plans on cutting greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of the candidates are positioning themselves as climate hawks,” said Edward Maibach, a professor at George Mason University’s Center for Climate Change Communication. “They want to be seen as real leaders eager to do what’s necessary to address the climate crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voters’ Climate Change Views Rapidly Evolving\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maibach, a principal investigator of an opinion survey on climate conducted in partnership with the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication, said the candidates appear to be taking their cue from the potential voters they are hearing from. The Yale-GMU project, which will be unveiling its latest political survey next week, has been tracking a pronounced shift in sentiment favoring strong climate action that goes beyond the liberal wing of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the exception of conservative Republicans, Americans’ views of climate change have evolved rapidly over the past five years,” Maibach said. “They are increasingly coming to understand that climate change is a present-day problem, not just a future problem, and they are becoming more worried about it as a result. Moderate and conservative Democrats are the group whose views have changed the most.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeremy Symons, a public affairs consultant specializing in climate change and environmental issues, agrees with Maibach’s assessment. “One thing’s clear—the Democratic nominee will benefit enormously by leaning in full-throttle on climate change, because it is one of the rare issues that can mobilize turnout of the base and resonate with undecided voters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tuesday’s debate, the moderates sought to make clear that they were in synch with the most progressive candidates on climate. Buttigieg, for example, didn’t take the bait when he was prodded by businessman Tom Steyer over why, as the youngest candidate, he didn’t have a more progressive plan on climate. His plan, he maintained, was as strong as any other candidate’s. “This issue is personal for me,” Buttigieg said. “It’s why we’re going to tackle climate from day one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/amy-klobuchar-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Amy Klobuchar\u003c/a> (D-Minn.), asked why she did not support a ban on fracking, skipped over providing an explanation of why she sees natural gas as a transition fuel. Instead she stressed her 100 percent rating from the League of Conservation Voters and the fact that, like the other candidates, she has a goal of net zero carbon emissions by midcentury. “Nearly every one of us has a plan that is very similar,” she said. Warren and Sanders are also rated 100 percent by the League of Conservation Voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klobuchar will have a chance to raise her climate profile by participating in\u003ca href=\"https://www.thewrap.com/weather-channel-announces-second-climate-forum-with-presidential-candidates/\"> a climate forum\u003c/a> sponsored by The Weather Channel two days before the Iowa Caucuses. The only other candidates participating are Steyer and former New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, both of whom have made climate leadership central to their campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bloomberg, a billionaire who is funding his own campaign and therefore cannot participate in the debates under Democratic National Committee rules, this week \u003ca href=\"https://www.mikebloomberg.com/2020/policies/clean-buildings\">unveiled a plan\u003c/a> to require all new buildings to have net-zero carbon emissions by 2025. The plan, which emphasizes a transition to renewable energy instead of natural gas, marks \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23112019/michael-bloomberg-president-climate-change-activists-concerns-green-new-deal-wealth-tax\">an evolution\u003c/a> in Bloomberg’s own thinking on climate. Although he previously supported natural gas as a transition fuel, it “isn’t as clean as we thought,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sunrise Movement Goes All in for Sanders Early\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many environmental activists who expect to go all-out in an effort to defeat Trump have put off choosing a candidate among the Democrats this early in the race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunrise Movement, on the other hand, decided to turn its get-out-the-vote effort in Iowa and New Hampshire into a field program directly supporting Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe a Bernie Sanders presidency would provide the best political terrain in which to engage in and ultimately win that struggle for the world we deserve,” said Sunrise Executive Director Varshini Prakash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanders, who is advocating a $16.3 trillion, 10-year mobilization to enact the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02012020/green-new-deal-future-2020-election-climate-change-sanders-ocasio-cortez\">Green New Deal\u003c/a>, a massive shift in federal government spending to create jobs and hasten a transition to clean energy, has pledged nearly 10 times the federal investment in climate action that Biden has promised. The Green New Deal has been attacked relentlessly by fossil fuel allies, and even supporters of climate action acknowledge the steep hurdles it would face on Capitol Hill, where a proposal for a much smaller, $33 billion investment in clean energy \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/20122019/congress-2020-budget-clean-energy-coal-miner-pension-black-lung-blm\">died at the end of the year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these numbers, in themselves, signal how far the political ground on climate has shifted—Biden’s call for a $1.7 trillion federal investment in tackling climate change marks nearly 30 times \u003ca href=\"https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/election/campaigns/article234890482.html\">what Hillary Clinton promised \u003c/a>when she sought the Democratic presidential nomination four years ago. Although he didn’t mention the Green New Deal by name during the debate, Biden has sought to frame his climate platform with the epic sweep its advocates are seeking. “We’re the only country in the world that’s ever taken great crisis and turned it into great opportunity,” Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symons argues that who emerges as the Democratic nominee is not as important as the continued engagement of climate activists in the general election and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The differences between the candidates’ plans are real,” he said, “but they pale in comparison to the two big issues that will really decide what happens on climate change—first of all, whether we defeat Trump, and secondly, whether the winner will make climate change the No. 1 priority for spending political capital early in their new presidency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunrise Movement leaders sought to show they had their eyes on that bigger picture, even while they focus on electing Sanders in the short term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Senator Sanders does not win the nomination, the stakes of the climate crisis also demand that we can’t sit this election out,” said Sunrise’s political director, Evan Weber. “No matter what, we will be steadfast in advocating for the defeat of President Trump and his fossil fuel cronies at the ballot box.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Throughout last night’s Democratic presidential debate, there were signs of the strong progressive push on climate action that is animating the presidential race as it reaches a critical moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contenders for the nomination, in their final face-off before the Feb. 3 Iowa Caucuses, were eager to show their commitment to climate action as integral to policy across the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/bernie-sanders-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Bernie Sanders\u003c/a> (I-Vt.) cited climate as the main reason he opposed President Donald Trump’s free trade deal with Mexico. Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25062019/elizabeth-warren-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Elizabeth Warren\u003c/a> (D-Mass.) said climate had to be part of defense strategy. Former Vice President \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/joe-biden-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Joseph Biden\u003c/a> touted his role in heading up the largest U.S. investment ever in renewable energy as part of the 2009 economic recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, one of the moderators, \u003cem>Des Moines Register\u003c/em> chief politics reporter Brianne Pfannenstiel, implored the candidates to stick to the subject of international trade. “We’re going to get to climate change,” she promised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The candidates’ repeated return to the subject of climate change marked a dramatic turnaround from previous election cycles, when it rarely surfaced at candidate forums and routinely ranked far down on the list of voters’ concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading the push to propel climate to the top of the agenda has been the youth-led activist group Sunrise Movement, which champions the Green New Deal and \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/sunrisemvmt/sunrise-movement-endorses-bernie-sanders-for-president-b6bdb68ba408\">endorsed\u003c/a> Sanders last week—a fact he made sure to mention. The climate action group 350.org also launched a drive aimed at getting former South Bend, Indiana, Mayor Pete Buttigieg to strengthen his climate platform: “We don’t have time for middle-of-the-pack climate plans,” 350.org \u003ca href=\"https://act.350.org/sign/buttigieg-we-need-real-climate-leader/\">said\u003c/a> in its online petition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The primary season climate offensive raises questions that will be pivotal to the effort to defeat Trump and end the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/19122019/trump-climate-policy-record-rollback-fossil-energy-history-candidate-profile\">drastic setbacks\u003c/a> to global climate action under his administration. Will ardent young climate activists stay engaged if a moderate Democrat, like Biden, wins the nomination? If the party chooses a progressive like Sanders, who advocates an end to fracking, will he be able to win over enough moderate voters to defeat Trump—especially in swing states like Pennsylvania, which have come to rely heavily on natural gas production?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As important as those questions might be, the candidates are sweeping them aside for now. With polls showing that Iowa’s \u003ca href=\"http://icm-tracking.meltwater.com/link.php?DynEngagement=true&H=btYXC68syxmDVppbhVzFoYHdeMNV9070xvOlf%2FNdDQ0wXj6aidRhm2BDE5PnWsZF1T5ip8ynJpUVAxDr4kwep7fGLE%2FDPebYigVEQInFz48rO4fb4JUsfajOHUsTafKmG3QEqiDOJ69xYHAYQh%2BRyw%3D%3D&G=0&R=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.desmoinesregister.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Felections%2Fpresidential%2Fcaucus%2F2020%2F01%2F13%2Fiowa-caucus-2020-what-do-iowans-care-about-health-care-climate-change-education%2F4423488002%2F&I=20200115041604.00000c05afae%40mail6-114-ussnn1&X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVlMWU5MWNjZWZkOWI2MzhhN2ZjYWNlNDs%3D&S=9a3RU2rYNCVShgvcUtXCyN_G-pGXPhebupGXSiZd2ZU\">likely Democratic caucus participants \u003c/a>consider climate change on par with health care as a top voting issue, the candidates see little to lose by staking out the strongest possible action plans on cutting greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of the candidates are positioning themselves as climate hawks,” said Edward Maibach, a professor at George Mason University’s Center for Climate Change Communication. “They want to be seen as real leaders eager to do what’s necessary to address the climate crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voters’ Climate Change Views Rapidly Evolving\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maibach, a principal investigator of an opinion survey on climate conducted in partnership with the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication, said the candidates appear to be taking their cue from the potential voters they are hearing from. The Yale-GMU project, which will be unveiling its latest political survey next week, has been tracking a pronounced shift in sentiment favoring strong climate action that goes beyond the liberal wing of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the exception of conservative Republicans, Americans’ views of climate change have evolved rapidly over the past five years,” Maibach said. “They are increasingly coming to understand that climate change is a present-day problem, not just a future problem, and they are becoming more worried about it as a result. Moderate and conservative Democrats are the group whose views have changed the most.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeremy Symons, a public affairs consultant specializing in climate change and environmental issues, agrees with Maibach’s assessment. “One thing’s clear—the Democratic nominee will benefit enormously by leaning in full-throttle on climate change, because it is one of the rare issues that can mobilize turnout of the base and resonate with undecided voters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tuesday’s debate, the moderates sought to make clear that they were in synch with the most progressive candidates on climate. Buttigieg, for example, didn’t take the bait when he was prodded by businessman Tom Steyer over why, as the youngest candidate, he didn’t have a more progressive plan on climate. His plan, he maintained, was as strong as any other candidate’s. “This issue is personal for me,” Buttigieg said. “It’s why we’re going to tackle climate from day one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062019/amy-klobuchar-climate-change-global-warming-election-2020-candidate-profile\">Amy Klobuchar\u003c/a> (D-Minn.), asked why she did not support a ban on fracking, skipped over providing an explanation of why she sees natural gas as a transition fuel. Instead she stressed her 100 percent rating from the League of Conservation Voters and the fact that, like the other candidates, she has a goal of net zero carbon emissions by midcentury. “Nearly every one of us has a plan that is very similar,” she said. Warren and Sanders are also rated 100 percent by the League of Conservation Voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klobuchar will have a chance to raise her climate profile by participating in\u003ca href=\"https://www.thewrap.com/weather-channel-announces-second-climate-forum-with-presidential-candidates/\"> a climate forum\u003c/a> sponsored by The Weather Channel two days before the Iowa Caucuses. The only other candidates participating are Steyer and former New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, both of whom have made climate leadership central to their campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bloomberg, a billionaire who is funding his own campaign and therefore cannot participate in the debates under Democratic National Committee rules, this week \u003ca href=\"https://www.mikebloomberg.com/2020/policies/clean-buildings\">unveiled a plan\u003c/a> to require all new buildings to have net-zero carbon emissions by 2025. The plan, which emphasizes a transition to renewable energy instead of natural gas, marks \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23112019/michael-bloomberg-president-climate-change-activists-concerns-green-new-deal-wealth-tax\">an evolution\u003c/a> in Bloomberg’s own thinking on climate. Although he previously supported natural gas as a transition fuel, it “isn’t as clean as we thought,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sunrise Movement Goes All in for Sanders Early\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many environmental activists who expect to go all-out in an effort to defeat Trump have put off choosing a candidate among the Democrats this early in the race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunrise Movement, on the other hand, decided to turn its get-out-the-vote effort in Iowa and New Hampshire into a field program directly supporting Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe a Bernie Sanders presidency would provide the best political terrain in which to engage in and ultimately win that struggle for the world we deserve,” said Sunrise Executive Director Varshini Prakash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanders, who is advocating a $16.3 trillion, 10-year mobilization to enact the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02012020/green-new-deal-future-2020-election-climate-change-sanders-ocasio-cortez\">Green New Deal\u003c/a>, a massive shift in federal government spending to create jobs and hasten a transition to clean energy, has pledged nearly 10 times the federal investment in climate action that Biden has promised. The Green New Deal has been attacked relentlessly by fossil fuel allies, and even supporters of climate action acknowledge the steep hurdles it would face on Capitol Hill, where a proposal for a much smaller, $33 billion investment in clean energy \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/20122019/congress-2020-budget-clean-energy-coal-miner-pension-black-lung-blm\">died at the end of the year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these numbers, in themselves, signal how far the political ground on climate has shifted—Biden’s call for a $1.7 trillion federal investment in tackling climate change marks nearly 30 times \u003ca href=\"https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/election/campaigns/article234890482.html\">what Hillary Clinton promised \u003c/a>when she sought the Democratic presidential nomination four years ago. Although he didn’t mention the Green New Deal by name during the debate, Biden has sought to frame his climate platform with the epic sweep its advocates are seeking. “We’re the only country in the world that’s ever taken great crisis and turned it into great opportunity,” Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symons argues that who emerges as the Democratic nominee is not as important as the continued engagement of climate activists in the general election and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The differences between the candidates’ plans are real,” he said, “but they pale in comparison to the two big issues that will really decide what happens on climate change—first of all, whether we defeat Trump, and secondly, whether the winner will make climate change the No. 1 priority for spending political capital early in their new presidency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunrise Movement leaders sought to show they had their eyes on that bigger picture, even while they focus on electing Sanders in the short term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Senator Sanders does not win the nomination, the stakes of the climate crisis also demand that we can’t sit this election out,” said Sunrise’s political director, Evan Weber. “No matter what, we will be steadfast in advocating for the defeat of President Trump and his fossil fuel cronies at the ballot box.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "2019 Was the 2nd-Hottest Year on Record",
"headTitle": "2019 Was the 2nd-Hottest Year on Record | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Last year was the second hottest on record globally, according to the latest climate data collected by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and NASA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/index.html\">latest confirmation\u003c/a> that the Earth is steadily getting hotter — the planet has already warmed about 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit (or almost 1 degree Celsius) compared with in the mid-20th century — and that robust greenhouse gas emissions are causing global warming to continue unabated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact is that the planet is warming, and every year, we add one extra data point to this graph,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.giss.nasa.gov/staff/gschmidt/\">Gavin Schmidt\u003c/a>, the director of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Ranking years based on their average temperature might grab headlines, he notes, but “the main thing here is not really the ranking, but is the consistency of the long-term trends that we’re seeing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1955843\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That trend \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/briefings/20200115.pdf\">goes back decades\u003c/a>, with each decade warmer than the one before it. And that will likely continue in the 2020s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say, notwithstanding some sort of major, major geophysical event, it would be almost certain that the [coming] decade will be warmer than the previous,” says Deke Arndt, the chief of climate monitoring for NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means the planet is on track to blow past the temperature targets set by the Paris Agreement, which is meant to help countries reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the effects of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2015 agreement set a target of limiting global warming to 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) compared with preindustrial levels. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/08/655360909/grim-forecast-from-u-n-on-global-climate-change\">later report\u003c/a> by the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned that warming of 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) would be catastrophic for millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schmidt of NASA says data about the past can help humans understand the path that societies are currently on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The warming up until now since the 1970s has been quite close to linear,” he explains, so “you’d imagine we’d cross 1.5 [degrees Celsius] in around 2035. But of course that depends on what we do with emissions, and we’re not able to tell you looking at the past how society will react.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2019 data also confirm that different regions of Earth are being affected by global climate change in different ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1955844\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Arctic is warming three times faster than the rest of the planet, and shrinking sea ice is contributing to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/10/777172788/studying-the-ripple-effects-of-shrinking-arctic-sea-ice\">vicious cycle\u003c/a>: As the ice retreats, the newly exposed water helps make the region warmer, and as the region gets warmer, the sea ice retreats more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the continental United States, warmer average temperatures have been affecting weather patterns. Overnight temperatures are rising more rapidly than daytime temperatures, which can \u003ca href=\"https://ag.purdue.edu/indianaclimate/agriculture-report/\">reduce yields for farmers\u003c/a> and be dangerous for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1932692/climate-change-dishes-up-dangerous-heat-even-in-the-bay-area\">public health\u003c/a> because it exacerbates existing illnesses and doesn’t give bodies a chance to cool down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rain patterns have also changed in much of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are definitely seeing trends in the kind of the instances of big rain,” Arndt says. “We’re seeing the largest events getting larger,” he explains, adding that in many places, a larger percentage of the annual rainfall is coming down in a smaller number of storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID='forum_2010101875394' \u003ci>label=\u003c/i>'Forum: Hottest Decade Ever' target=_blank\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">]\u003c/span>That means more flood risk in many parts of the United States. Last year, for example, big rainfall events drove \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/05/31/728498303/it-s-never-done-this-arkansas-river-keeps-flooding-testing-levees-and-patience\">record-breaking floods\u003c/a> along the Mississippi River and its tributaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That has consequences for how we manage water,” Arndt says. Stormwater systems are being tested by large amounts of water all at once, as are reservoirs. “When you get more of your rain in fewer larger doses, you have to manage things differently,” he says, because it’s more difficult to keep a consistent supply of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Pacific Northwest has been dealing with marine heat waves that are affecting fisheries and the crab industry. A hotter \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/08/19/750778010/how-much-hotter-are-the-oceans-the-answer-begins-with-a-bucket\">ocean surface\u003c/a> can also help drive more dangerous hurricanes in other parts of the world. In 2019, portions of the western Indian and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/14/770031007/death-toll-climbs-after-typhoon-hits-japan\">Pacific oceans\u003c/a> were the hottest ever recorded, helping to spawn \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2019/04/08/710990335/in-need-of-blankets-pain-killers-pill-refills-life-after-cyclone-idai\">powerful cyclones\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=2019+Was+The+2nd-Hottest+Year+On+Record%2C+According+To+NASA+And+NOAA&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Last year's data collected by NASA and NOAA is the latest confirmation that Earth is steadily getting hotter. The planet is now almost 1 degree Celsius warmer than it was in the mid-20th century.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Last year was the second hottest on record globally, according to the latest climate data collected by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and NASA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/index.html\">latest confirmation\u003c/a> that the Earth is steadily getting hotter — the planet has already warmed about 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit (or almost 1 degree Celsius) compared with in the mid-20th century — and that robust greenhouse gas emissions are causing global warming to continue unabated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact is that the planet is warming, and every year, we add one extra data point to this graph,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.giss.nasa.gov/staff/gschmidt/\">Gavin Schmidt\u003c/a>, the director of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Ranking years based on their average temperature might grab headlines, he notes, but “the main thing here is not really the ranking, but is the consistency of the long-term trends that we’re seeing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1955843\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Top10_en_title_lg-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That trend \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/briefings/20200115.pdf\">goes back decades\u003c/a>, with each decade warmer than the one before it. And that will likely continue in the 2020s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say, notwithstanding some sort of major, major geophysical event, it would be almost certain that the [coming] decade will be warmer than the previous,” says Deke Arndt, the chief of climate monitoring for NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means the planet is on track to blow past the temperature targets set by the Paris Agreement, which is meant to help countries reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the effects of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2015 agreement set a target of limiting global warming to 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) compared with preindustrial levels. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/08/655360909/grim-forecast-from-u-n-on-global-climate-change\">later report\u003c/a> by the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned that warming of 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) would be catastrophic for millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schmidt of NASA says data about the past can help humans understand the path that societies are currently on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The warming up until now since the 1970s has been quite close to linear,” he explains, so “you’d imagine we’d cross 1.5 [degrees Celsius] in around 2035. But of course that depends on what we do with emissions, and we’re not able to tell you looking at the past how society will react.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2019 data also confirm that different regions of Earth are being affected by global climate change in different ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1955844\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/20202019EOYGlobalTemps_Map_en_title_lg-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Arctic is warming three times faster than the rest of the planet, and shrinking sea ice is contributing to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/10/777172788/studying-the-ripple-effects-of-shrinking-arctic-sea-ice\">vicious cycle\u003c/a>: As the ice retreats, the newly exposed water helps make the region warmer, and as the region gets warmer, the sea ice retreats more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the continental United States, warmer average temperatures have been affecting weather patterns. Overnight temperatures are rising more rapidly than daytime temperatures, which can \u003ca href=\"https://ag.purdue.edu/indianaclimate/agriculture-report/\">reduce yields for farmers\u003c/a> and be dangerous for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1932692/climate-change-dishes-up-dangerous-heat-even-in-the-bay-area\">public health\u003c/a> because it exacerbates existing illnesses and doesn’t give bodies a chance to cool down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rain patterns have also changed in much of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are definitely seeing trends in the kind of the instances of big rain,” Arndt says. “We’re seeing the largest events getting larger,” he explains, adding that in many places, a larger percentage of the annual rainfall is coming down in a smaller number of storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>That means more flood risk in many parts of the United States. Last year, for example, big rainfall events drove \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/05/31/728498303/it-s-never-done-this-arkansas-river-keeps-flooding-testing-levees-and-patience\">record-breaking floods\u003c/a> along the Mississippi River and its tributaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That has consequences for how we manage water,” Arndt says. Stormwater systems are being tested by large amounts of water all at once, as are reservoirs. “When you get more of your rain in fewer larger doses, you have to manage things differently,” he says, because it’s more difficult to keep a consistent supply of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Pacific Northwest has been dealing with marine heat waves that are affecting fisheries and the crab industry. A hotter \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/08/19/750778010/how-much-hotter-are-the-oceans-the-answer-begins-with-a-bucket\">ocean surface\u003c/a> can also help drive more dangerous hurricanes in other parts of the world. In 2019, portions of the western Indian and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/14/770031007/death-toll-climbs-after-typhoon-hits-japan\">Pacific oceans\u003c/a> were the hottest ever recorded, helping to spawn \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2019/04/08/710990335/in-need-of-blankets-pain-killers-pill-refills-life-after-cyclone-idai\">powerful cyclones\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=2019+Was+The+2nd-Hottest+Year+On+Record%2C+According+To+NASA+And+NOAA&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Fleet Of Cars to Collect Block-by-Block Air Quality Data in Bay Area",
"headTitle": "Fleet Of Cars to Collect Block-by-Block Air Quality Data in Bay Area | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A fleet of Toyota Priuses equipped with sensors to detect greenhouse gases, particulate matter and other pollutants is monitoring air quality across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District announced this month that the hybrids will collect block-by-block data from all nine Bay Area counties, spanning more than 5,000 square miles of public roads. The district will use data collected through this year and early 2021 to create hyper-local air quality maps. Those will be available to the public on the BAAQMD’s website starting later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955799\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1955799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s fleet of low-emissions cars will measure air quality with a unit of sensors stored in the back. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The air district is partnering with technology company \u003ca href=\"https://aclima.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aclima\u003c/a> to outfit the mobile fleet with sensors that measure pollution in the form of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and fine particulate matter, all detrimental to human health. Aclima will help analyze the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air quality district executive officer Jack Broadbent says recent wildfires, climate change and federal rollbacks of emission standards have created a need for more precise local air quality tracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we need now, more than ever, are facts,” Broadbent said, adding that his agency is going to use “new technologies and approaches to build upon our air quality data to better inform our actions and protect Bay Area residents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has 30 stationary air monitoring stations spread across the region. Data from these stations feeds into the continually updating federal \u003ca href=\"https://airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.local_city&cityid=317\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AirNow map\u003c/a>. But this data doesn’t reflect the differences in air quality across all Bay Area cities or neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote] The Air Quality District’s chief says the data will “help drive the air quality and climate efforts well into the future.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study published in \u003cem>Environmental Science & Technology\u003c/em> in 2017 showed that pollution in West Oakland could \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1950648/californians-turn-to-low-cost-sensors-for-highly-local-air-quality-info\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vary significantly from block to block\u003c/a>. The researchers mounted air sensors onto Google Street View cars. Air quality maps that use data from consumer air sensors, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.purpleair.com/map\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Purple Air\u003c/a>, have painted a similar picture in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955800\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1955800\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The air intake valve on one of the Air District’s new pollution monitoring cars. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While the BAAQMD won’t post the new data in real time, it will be compiled over months and used to create a public map of air pollution and greenhouse levels on every block in the Bay Area. The map will be similar to the \u003ca href=\"https://insights.aclima.io/west-oakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one\u003c/a> created for West Oakland, according to Aclima.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This new data will help us identify pollution hotspots in order to strengthen and target our actions to reduce emissions … partnering with local governments and communities to protect public health,” said Ranyee Chiang, the BAAQMD’s director of meterology and measurement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broadbent says the project will give policymakers accurate data to “help drive the air quality and climate efforts well into the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August the district dispatched the first vehicles to the Richmond-San Pablo area. The fleet has since expanded to San Francisco, Alameda, Contra Costa, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. The rollout will be completed in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from BAAQMD and Aclima say the Bay Area fleet will eventually number “dozens” of cars that measure air quality 24 hours a day, seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A fleet of Toyota Priuses equipped with sensors to detect greenhouse gases, particulate matter and other pollutants is monitoring air quality across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District announced this month that the hybrids will collect block-by-block data from all nine Bay Area counties, spanning more than 5,000 square miles of public roads. The district will use data collected through this year and early 2021 to create hyper-local air quality maps. Those will be available to the public on the BAAQMD’s website starting later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955799\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1955799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s fleet of low-emissions cars will measure air quality with a unit of sensors stored in the back. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The air district is partnering with technology company \u003ca href=\"https://aclima.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aclima\u003c/a> to outfit the mobile fleet with sensors that measure pollution in the form of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and fine particulate matter, all detrimental to human health. Aclima will help analyze the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air quality district executive officer Jack Broadbent says recent wildfires, climate change and federal rollbacks of emission standards have created a need for more precise local air quality tracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we need now, more than ever, are facts,” Broadbent said, adding that his agency is going to use “new technologies and approaches to build upon our air quality data to better inform our actions and protect Bay Area residents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study published in \u003cem>Environmental Science & Technology\u003c/em> in 2017 showed that pollution in West Oakland could \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1950648/californians-turn-to-low-cost-sensors-for-highly-local-air-quality-info\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vary significantly from block to block\u003c/a>. The researchers mounted air sensors onto Google Street View cars. Air quality maps that use data from consumer air sensors, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.purpleair.com/map\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Purple Air\u003c/a>, have painted a similar picture in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955800\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1955800\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/Air-Quality-Photo-3-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The air intake valve on one of the Air District’s new pollution monitoring cars. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While the BAAQMD won’t post the new data in real time, it will be compiled over months and used to create a public map of air pollution and greenhouse levels on every block in the Bay Area. The map will be similar to the \u003ca href=\"https://insights.aclima.io/west-oakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one\u003c/a> created for West Oakland, according to Aclima.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This new data will help us identify pollution hotspots in order to strengthen and target our actions to reduce emissions … partnering with local governments and communities to protect public health,” said Ranyee Chiang, the BAAQMD’s director of meterology and measurement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broadbent says the project will give policymakers accurate data to “help drive the air quality and climate efforts well into the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August the district dispatched the first vehicles to the Richmond-San Pablo area. The fleet has since expanded to San Francisco, Alameda, Contra Costa, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. The rollout will be completed in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from BAAQMD and Aclima say the Bay Area fleet will eventually number “dozens” of cars that measure air quality 24 hours a day, seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s impossible to divorce the 2019 fire season in Northern California from the two that came immediately before. Those were nothing short of disastrous, so much so that many Californians entered last summer filled with dread of a third consecutive year of incinerated homes, mass evacuations and tragic loss of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, with those recent calamities haunting the state, officials took some unprecedented steps to avert a devastating repeat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did they work? Well, judging by the results tallied at the end of the year, \u003cem>something\u003c/em> went right. The number of acres burned was the lowest since 2011, and the wildfire-related death toll dropped to three, down from the dozens of fatalities in both 2017 and 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-pb0w9\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;\" title=\"California Wildfire \" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/pb0w9/1/\" height=\"244\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" aria-label=\"Table\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">!function(){\"use strict\";window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(void 0!==a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var e in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"]){var t=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-\"+e)||document.querySelector(\"iframe[src*='\"+e+\"']\");t&&(t.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][e]+\"px\")}})}();\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most extreme preventive measure came from PG&E, the state’s largest utility, whose transmission line had \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11789259/state-probe-says-pge-missed-deadly-flaw-on-line-that-sparked-camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sparked\u003c/a> the 2018 Camp Fire that killed 85 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes. Last fall the company implemented several large-scale power shutoffs affecting up to 2 million people during periods of high-risk for wildfire, and the outages deprived some residents of electricity for as long as a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emergency procedures evolved as well. During the Kincade Fire, the state’s largest of the year, officials forced about 200,000 residents out of their homes in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/10239056-181/battle-against-kincade-fire-takes\">reportedly\u003c/a> the biggest evacuation in Sonoma County history. The magnitude of the response was prompted by major \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654027/my-world-was-burning-the-north-bay-fires-and-what-went-wrong\">problems\u003c/a> concerning \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11644154/north-bay-fires-what-took-authorities-so-long-to-warn-people\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">emergency procedures\u003c/a> during the devastating North Bay Fires of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did not want to repeat that experience,” Sonoma County Supervisor Susan Gorin told KQED’s Lisa Pickoff-White in October. “So they evacuated large numbers of the population in Sonoma County early.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"California Acres Burned\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-1LWY8\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/1LWY8/1/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;\" height=\"500\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>PG&E’s Planned Outages: Did They Help?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility executed a series power outages when high winds coincided with other dangerous conditions. After PG&E carried out its first shutoff, from Oct. 9 to Oct. 12, the company said it found dozens of locations where downed trees or other equipment failures would have created conditions ripe for a wildfire. “It is possible that any one of these instances could have been a potential source of ignition had a PSPS (public safety power shutoff) not been initiated,” PG&E said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en/about/newsroom/newsdetails/index.page?title=20191014_15_things_you_need_to_know_about_pges_oct_9-12_public_safety_power_shutoff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">press release\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Gorin, the Sonoma County supervisor, said the power shutoffs at the very least helped in an indirect way. When the Kincade Fire broke out, the county already had its emergency operations center up and running in response to the outage, “because we needed to work with the community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also worth noting that PG&E has acknowleded the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11782609/map-pge-transmission-lines-near-kincade-fire-ignition-point\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">malfunctioning\u003c/a> of one of its transmission lines near the origin of the Kincade Fire just seven minutes before the blaze ignited. Ironically, the line was located in an area subject to one of the company’s planned outages, but only on lower-voltage lines. (The official cause of the Kincade Fire is still under investigation.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever good may have come from the outages — which PG&E says will continue — \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/articles/2019/10/10/unacceptable-pge-faces-backlash-over-power-shutoff-as-newsom-increases-criticism/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">officials\u003c/a> hurled \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/18/business/energy-environment/pge-blackout-california.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">withering criticism\u003c/a> at the company for poor execution in keeping the public informed during the blackouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Fortuitous Weather\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Other factors most certainly contributed to a relatively subdued fire year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">From year to year, there are dramatic differences in weather and forest conditions. Last year, the wet winter helped to dampen potential fuel, as did a late-May rain that left vegetation with high levels of moisture throughout the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“The moderate weather pattern this year was very conducive to the [low] totals that we have as far as acres burned,” said Scott McLean, a Cal Fire spokesman. “In 2017 and 2018 you saw hundred-degree weather that was consistent for weeks at a time\u003cb> \u003c/b>with winds. This year … started out with a good weather pattern. We stayed in that moderate weather pattern, but really no wind. Until you hit the fall, and then you started seeing fires because the wind picked up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">California was also lucky, given the risk caused by wind storms repeatedly sweeping across Northern California’s parched chaparral in October and early November, before the region received any rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Warming Climate, Intensifying Fires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the reasons for a less horrifying year — better policy, good weather, luck — it’s obviously too early to declare victory, especially with the acceleration of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We expect there to be big year-to-year swings in the area burned by fire, even though, in general, climate change is creating upward pressure on fire risk,” said Alex Hall, director of the Center for Climate Science at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kincade Fire was driven by a series of unique wind events, and while there’s no evidence that climate change is causing stronger winds, Jim Randerson, a climate and ecology scientist at UC Irvine, says global warming could be contributing to a decrease in wind humidity in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“That decline in humidity increases the fire risk, even if the wind strength remains similar,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Stephanie Herring, a climate scientist with the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, says the research is increasingly clear that hotter, drier summer conditions play a big role in wildfires’ increasing intensity.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Fires are driven by an incredibly complex set of factors,” said Herring, the \u003c/span>editor of the \u003cspan class=\"s3\">\u003ci>Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society’s \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ametsoc.org/ams/index.cfm/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/explaining-extreme-events-from-a-climate-perspective/\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a> on attribution science, which calculates how much climate change contributes to specific natural disasters. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s2\">“There have been numerous papers now that showed climate change is increasing the risk of wildfires in the West, in particular.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which means wildfire is likely going to be an issue for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s impossible to divorce the 2019 fire season in Northern California from the two that came immediately before. Those were nothing short of disastrous, so much so that many Californians entered last summer filled with dread of a third consecutive year of incinerated homes, mass evacuations and tragic loss of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, with those recent calamities haunting the state, officials took some unprecedented steps to avert a devastating repeat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did they work? Well, judging by the results tallied at the end of the year, \u003cem>something\u003c/em> went right. The number of acres burned was the lowest since 2011, and the wildfire-related death toll dropped to three, down from the dozens of fatalities in both 2017 and 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-pb0w9\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;\" title=\"California Wildfire \" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/pb0w9/1/\" height=\"244\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" aria-label=\"Table\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">!function(){\"use strict\";window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(void 0!==a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var e in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"]){var t=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-\"+e)||document.querySelector(\"iframe[src*='\"+e+\"']\");t&&(t.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][e]+\"px\")}})}();\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most extreme preventive measure came from PG&E, the state’s largest utility, whose transmission line had \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11789259/state-probe-says-pge-missed-deadly-flaw-on-line-that-sparked-camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sparked\u003c/a> the 2018 Camp Fire that killed 85 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes. Last fall the company implemented several large-scale power shutoffs affecting up to 2 million people during periods of high-risk for wildfire, and the outages deprived some residents of electricity for as long as a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emergency procedures evolved as well. During the Kincade Fire, the state’s largest of the year, officials forced about 200,000 residents out of their homes in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/10239056-181/battle-against-kincade-fire-takes\">reportedly\u003c/a> the biggest evacuation in Sonoma County history. The magnitude of the response was prompted by major \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654027/my-world-was-burning-the-north-bay-fires-and-what-went-wrong\">problems\u003c/a> concerning \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11644154/north-bay-fires-what-took-authorities-so-long-to-warn-people\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">emergency procedures\u003c/a> during the devastating North Bay Fires of 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did not want to repeat that experience,” Sonoma County Supervisor Susan Gorin told KQED’s Lisa Pickoff-White in October. “So they evacuated large numbers of the population in Sonoma County early.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"California Acres Burned\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-1LWY8\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/1LWY8/1/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;\" height=\"500\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>PG&E’s Planned Outages: Did They Help?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility executed a series power outages when high winds coincided with other dangerous conditions. After PG&E carried out its first shutoff, from Oct. 9 to Oct. 12, the company said it found dozens of locations where downed trees or other equipment failures would have created conditions ripe for a wildfire. “It is possible that any one of these instances could have been a potential source of ignition had a PSPS (public safety power shutoff) not been initiated,” PG&E said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en/about/newsroom/newsdetails/index.page?title=20191014_15_things_you_need_to_know_about_pges_oct_9-12_public_safety_power_shutoff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">press release\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Gorin, the Sonoma County supervisor, said the power shutoffs at the very least helped in an indirect way. When the Kincade Fire broke out, the county already had its emergency operations center up and running in response to the outage, “because we needed to work with the community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also worth noting that PG&E has acknowleded the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11782609/map-pge-transmission-lines-near-kincade-fire-ignition-point\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">malfunctioning\u003c/a> of one of its transmission lines near the origin of the Kincade Fire just seven minutes before the blaze ignited. Ironically, the line was located in an area subject to one of the company’s planned outages, but only on lower-voltage lines. (The official cause of the Kincade Fire is still under investigation.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever good may have come from the outages — which PG&E says will continue — \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/articles/2019/10/10/unacceptable-pge-faces-backlash-over-power-shutoff-as-newsom-increases-criticism/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">officials\u003c/a> hurled \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/18/business/energy-environment/pge-blackout-california.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">withering criticism\u003c/a> at the company for poor execution in keeping the public informed during the blackouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Fortuitous Weather\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Other factors most certainly contributed to a relatively subdued fire year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">From year to year, there are dramatic differences in weather and forest conditions. Last year, the wet winter helped to dampen potential fuel, as did a late-May rain that left vegetation with high levels of moisture throughout the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“The moderate weather pattern this year was very conducive to the [low] totals that we have as far as acres burned,” said Scott McLean, a Cal Fire spokesman. “In 2017 and 2018 you saw hundred-degree weather that was consistent for weeks at a time\u003cb> \u003c/b>with winds. This year … started out with a good weather pattern. We stayed in that moderate weather pattern, but really no wind. Until you hit the fall, and then you started seeing fires because the wind picked up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">California was also lucky, given the risk caused by wind storms repeatedly sweeping across Northern California’s parched chaparral in October and early November, before the region received any rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Warming Climate, Intensifying Fires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the reasons for a less horrifying year — better policy, good weather, luck — it’s obviously too early to declare victory, especially with the acceleration of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We expect there to be big year-to-year swings in the area burned by fire, even though, in general, climate change is creating upward pressure on fire risk,” said Alex Hall, director of the Center for Climate Science at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kincade Fire was driven by a series of unique wind events, and while there’s no evidence that climate change is causing stronger winds, Jim Randerson, a climate and ecology scientist at UC Irvine, says global warming could be contributing to a decrease in wind humidity in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“That decline in humidity increases the fire risk, even if the wind strength remains similar,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Stephanie Herring, a climate scientist with the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, says the research is increasingly clear that hotter, drier summer conditions play a big role in wildfires’ increasing intensity.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Fires are driven by an incredibly complex set of factors,” said Herring, the \u003c/span>editor of the \u003cspan class=\"s3\">\u003ci>Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society’s \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ametsoc.org/ams/index.cfm/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/explaining-extreme-events-from-a-climate-perspective/\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a> on attribution science, which calculates how much climate change contributes to specific natural disasters. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s2\">“There have been numerous papers now that showed climate change is increasing the risk of wildfires in the West, in particular.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which means wildfire is likely going to be an issue for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]Ask most people about crickets and you’ll probably hear that they’re all pretty much the same: just little insects that jump and chirp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are actually dozens of different species of field crickets in the U.S. And because they look so similar, the most common way scientists tell them apart is not by the way they look, as with most animals, but instead, with a more subtle clue — by the sounds they make.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I hear an evening chorus, all I hear are the different species,” said David Weissman, a research associate in entomology at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman has spent the last 45 years working to identify all the species of field crickets west of the Mississippi River. In December, he published his \u003ca href=\"http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/walker/buzz/crickets.htm\">findings\u003c/a> in the journal Zootaxa, identifying 35 species of field crickets in the western states, including 17 new species. California alone hosts 12 species. But many closely resemble the others. So even for one of the nation’s top experts, telling them apart isn’t a simple task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It turns out song is a good way to differentiate,” Weissman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman spends countless evenings making recordings of cricket songs around the Western states. He analyzes their chirps like a studio engineer closely mixing a hit soundtrack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I listen for the songs in an area, decide how many different songs that I can distinguish, and then collect males that makes those songs,” he said. “Then once I know which songs a male sings with, and therefore which species he is, I can go back and find physical characters that will usually separate that species from the other species in the immediate area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trend began in the 1950s when researchers with early portable tape recorders learned there were far more cricket species than earlier scientists had realized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman isn’t the only one who needs to tell the different species apart. Female crickets need to be able to tell the males of their species apart from the males of other species. That’s because the characteristic, repetitive cricket chirp is really a mating call made by male crickets to attract females.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people believe they produce the songs with their legs, like grasshoppers do, but that’s a misconception,” said \u003ca href=\"http://bioacousticssensorybiology.weebly.com/\">Fernando Montealegre-Z\u003c/a>, a professor of sensory biology at the University of Lincoln in the United Kingdom. He’s written numerous articles about how crickets and their relatives, like grasshoppers and katydids, make sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_ChirpWings.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955686\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_ChirpWings.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A male variable field cricket runs its forewings together to create its song. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Crickets have two sets of wings — delicate hindwings and tough leathery forewings called tegmen that cover the hindwings when folded at rest. The males’ forewings have special structures for producing sounds that females lack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the underside of each of the male cricket’s forewings is a protruding vein that runs from side to side. It’s covered in a row of about 85 to 1,000 microscopic teeth, like the edge of a zipper. The structure, which researchers call a file, is made of chitin, a rigid polymer that makes the exoskeleton of insects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_ZoomOnFile.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955688\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_ZoomOnFile.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Each of the male field cricket’s two forewings has a vein that runs across the center. The vein has tiny microscopic teeth that stick up called a file. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When it’s time to sing, the male cricket raises both of its wings, with one, typically the right, slightly above the other. It rubs the sharp edge of the lower wing, called a scraper, along the file of the upper wing. The vibrations caused by running the scraper along the file are the source of the cricket’s chirp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This way of making sound is called stridulation. “It’s like running your thumb down the teeth on a comb,” Montealegre-Z said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955689\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 713px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_WingsUndersideSlowMotion.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955689\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_WingsUndersideSlowMotion.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"713\" height=\"395\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cricket runs the edge of its lower wing across the file on the top wing to create a chirping sound, seen here in slow motion looking forward from the animal’s rear. \u003ccite>(Fernando Montealegre-Z/ University of Lincoln)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Crickets are able to scissor their wings together like this at remarkable speeds. Each wingstroke cycle produces a single pulse of sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, what we hear as a single quick chirp is typically made up of a numerous pulses created by individual wingstrokes. They happen so quickly that they blend together. As crickets age and they wear down their files, they make a raspier sound than younger crickets do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally speaking, crickets generate a highly pure tone at about 5 kilohertz, a frequency higher than the highest key on a piano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re like well-made musical instruments,” Montealegre-Z said. “It’s their ability to create these pure tones. It’s what drew me to study crickets and their relatives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But crickets don’t chirp only to advertise themselves to mates. If an adult male cricket runs into another adult male, it uses a special rivalry call to try to encourage its competitor to back off. It sounds similar to the mating call but is less rhythmic and more aggressive sounding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955691\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 713px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_MalesRivalry.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955691\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_MalesRivalry.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"713\" height=\"395\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two male variable field crickets sound off with their rivalry calls in an attempt to get the other to yield territory. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If a male cricket does manage to draw the female in close enough to make contact, he will then use a third type of call to woo her. This courtship call is much higher pitched and quieter, like a whisper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important that female crickets be able to identify males of their same species in order to avoid wasting their time pursuing the wrong male and because when they search for a mate, they are at risk of being eaten by a myriad of predators, including birds and reptiles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Misidentifying cricket songs has also proved perilous for humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 2016, workers at the U.S. embassy in Havana, Cuba, reported hearing an alarming sound. The loud, constant and piercing sound and reports of various ailments, including ear pain, led some to believe that the embassy was under some type of sonic attack. Investigations began to find the source of the sound and the story made its way into the national news headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where Alexander Stubbs came in. As a graduate student in the integrative biology department at UC Berkeley, Stubbs had spent time studying how animals like frogs and crickets communicate in the Caribbean and Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a truly piercing trill,” Stubbs said. “It really does sound strange.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stubbs compared the sound from the embassy that he heard in a news broadcast to songs from different species in an academic sound library of different singing animals. He used software to analyze the sound from the embassy and collaborated with Montealegre-Z to confirm his suspicions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sound heard in the embassy matched the mating call of the Indies short-tailed cricket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unbelievably loud, especially in an enclosed space,” Stubbs said. But he wasn’t surprised that others didn’t recognize the song since this species of cricket hadn’t been identified in Cuba before. You can find the details of his findings \u003ca href=\"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/510834v1.full\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people might take the sound of crickets for granted. But listening closely to them helps people become more aware of nature, scientists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Crickets are an important part of what we hear at night,” Weissman said. “In most areas of California, you might hear a few owls or coyotes. But in the summertime, crickets will be the major singing animals at night.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ask most people about crickets and you’ll probably hear that they’re all pretty much the same: just little insects that jump and chirp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are actually dozens of different species of field crickets in the U.S. And because they look so similar, the most common way scientists tell them apart is not by the way they look, as with most animals, but instead, with a more subtle clue — by the sounds they make.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I hear an evening chorus, all I hear are the different species,” said David Weissman, a research associate in entomology at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman has spent the last 45 years working to identify all the species of field crickets west of the Mississippi River. In December, he published his \u003ca href=\"http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/walker/buzz/crickets.htm\">findings\u003c/a> in the journal Zootaxa, identifying 35 species of field crickets in the western states, including 17 new species. California alone hosts 12 species. But many closely resemble the others. So even for one of the nation’s top experts, telling them apart isn’t a simple task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It turns out song is a good way to differentiate,” Weissman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman spends countless evenings making recordings of cricket songs around the Western states. He analyzes their chirps like a studio engineer closely mixing a hit soundtrack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I listen for the songs in an area, decide how many different songs that I can distinguish, and then collect males that makes those songs,” he said. “Then once I know which songs a male sings with, and therefore which species he is, I can go back and find physical characters that will usually separate that species from the other species in the immediate area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trend began in the 1950s when researchers with early portable tape recorders learned there were far more cricket species than earlier scientists had realized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman isn’t the only one who needs to tell the different species apart. Female crickets need to be able to tell the males of their species apart from the males of other species. That’s because the characteristic, repetitive cricket chirp is really a mating call made by male crickets to attract females.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people believe they produce the songs with their legs, like grasshoppers do, but that’s a misconception,” said \u003ca href=\"http://bioacousticssensorybiology.weebly.com/\">Fernando Montealegre-Z\u003c/a>, a professor of sensory biology at the University of Lincoln in the United Kingdom. He’s written numerous articles about how crickets and their relatives, like grasshoppers and katydids, make sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_ChirpWings.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955686\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_ChirpWings.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A male variable field cricket runs its forewings together to create its song. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Crickets have two sets of wings — delicate hindwings and tough leathery forewings called tegmen that cover the hindwings when folded at rest. The males’ forewings have special structures for producing sounds that females lack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the underside of each of the male cricket’s forewings is a protruding vein that runs from side to side. It’s covered in a row of about 85 to 1,000 microscopic teeth, like the edge of a zipper. The structure, which researchers call a file, is made of chitin, a rigid polymer that makes the exoskeleton of insects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_ZoomOnFile.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955688\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_ZoomOnFile.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Each of the male field cricket’s two forewings has a vein that runs across the center. The vein has tiny microscopic teeth that stick up called a file. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When it’s time to sing, the male cricket raises both of its wings, with one, typically the right, slightly above the other. It rubs the sharp edge of the lower wing, called a scraper, along the file of the upper wing. The vibrations caused by running the scraper along the file are the source of the cricket’s chirp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This way of making sound is called stridulation. “It’s like running your thumb down the teeth on a comb,” Montealegre-Z said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955689\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 713px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_WingsUndersideSlowMotion.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955689\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_WingsUndersideSlowMotion.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"713\" height=\"395\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cricket runs the edge of its lower wing across the file on the top wing to create a chirping sound, seen here in slow motion looking forward from the animal’s rear. \u003ccite>(Fernando Montealegre-Z/ University of Lincoln)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Crickets are able to scissor their wings together like this at remarkable speeds. Each wingstroke cycle produces a single pulse of sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, what we hear as a single quick chirp is typically made up of a numerous pulses created by individual wingstrokes. They happen so quickly that they blend together. As crickets age and they wear down their files, they make a raspier sound than younger crickets do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally speaking, crickets generate a highly pure tone at about 5 kilohertz, a frequency higher than the highest key on a piano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re like well-made musical instruments,” Montealegre-Z said. “It’s their ability to create these pure tones. It’s what drew me to study crickets and their relatives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But crickets don’t chirp only to advertise themselves to mates. If an adult male cricket runs into another adult male, it uses a special rivalry call to try to encourage its competitor to back off. It sounds similar to the mating call but is less rhythmic and more aggressive sounding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1955691\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 713px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_MalesRivalry.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1955691\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/DL701_Crickets_MalesRivalry.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"713\" height=\"395\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two male variable field crickets sound off with their rivalry calls in an attempt to get the other to yield territory. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If a male cricket does manage to draw the female in close enough to make contact, he will then use a third type of call to woo her. This courtship call is much higher pitched and quieter, like a whisper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important that female crickets be able to identify males of their same species in order to avoid wasting their time pursuing the wrong male and because when they search for a mate, they are at risk of being eaten by a myriad of predators, including birds and reptiles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Misidentifying cricket songs has also proved perilous for humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 2016, workers at the U.S. embassy in Havana, Cuba, reported hearing an alarming sound. The loud, constant and piercing sound and reports of various ailments, including ear pain, led some to believe that the embassy was under some type of sonic attack. Investigations began to find the source of the sound and the story made its way into the national news headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where Alexander Stubbs came in. As a graduate student in the integrative biology department at UC Berkeley, Stubbs had spent time studying how animals like frogs and crickets communicate in the Caribbean and Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a truly piercing trill,” Stubbs said. “It really does sound strange.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stubbs compared the sound from the embassy that he heard in a news broadcast to songs from different species in an academic sound library of different singing animals. He used software to analyze the sound from the embassy and collaborated with Montealegre-Z to confirm his suspicions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sound heard in the embassy matched the mating call of the Indies short-tailed cricket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unbelievably loud, especially in an enclosed space,” Stubbs said. But he wasn’t surprised that others didn’t recognize the song since this species of cricket hadn’t been identified in Cuba before. You can find the details of his findings \u003ca href=\"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/510834v1.full\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people might take the sound of crickets for granted. But listening closely to them helps people become more aware of nature, scientists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"order": 8
},
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"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"source": "WaitWhat"
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
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