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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#callout\">Click here if you know someone in a nursing home or assisted facility…share your story!\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Family members and friends aren’t the only visitors banned at long-term care facilities in California: The threat of coronavirus to older and medically fragile patients is so severe that state regulators and patient advocates have now ended visits to them as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-term care ombudsman, a publicly funded advocate for patients in each county, is no longer visiting facilities in person under a directive from the state Department of Aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just going to make things more difficult,” said Joseph Rodrigues, the state long-term care ombudsman. He oversees 35 local offices employing more than 1,000 certified watchdogs. “We’re going to become more reliant on others to get our jobs done and to make sure that residents are safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Social Isolation a Risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guidance from the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services now prohibits most visits to skilled nursing facilities except in “compassionate care” circumstances, including when patients are nearing the end of life. Facilities are taking all kinds of additional precautions against coronavirus transmission, including deeper cleaning protocols and caring for patients with symptoms separately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodrigues agrees that locking down long-term care facilities makes sense, but says he’s concerned about increased social isolation for patients there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I encourage families and friends of residents to make contact with residents, call, use FaceTime, use Skype,” he said. “Let these people know that they’re loved and that they’re cared for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With group activities and communal dining deemed too risky, long-term care facilities are working to minimize social isolation in a number of ways, says Deborah Pacyna, who directs public affairs for the California Association of Healthcare Facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really people are turning to technology,” Pacyna says, adding that some facilities have organized efforts to get schoolkids to make greeting cards for people in nursing homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She recommends that members of the public who wish to support long-term care patients in greater isolation should call facilities directly, donate or loan iPads or old iPhones to enable FaceTime, or send greeting cards and flowers to the main desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Other Consequences for Patients?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An aggressive response against coronavirus protects patients against a fast-moving risk, but other safety concerns for residents remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health, which regulates skilled nursing facilities, and the Department of Social Services, which oversees assisted living facilities, have put in-person inspections on hold. A spokesman for CDPH says that investigations of complaints and facility-reported incidents continue, “but surveyors have been advised to do so through virtual, audio, or electronic methods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s regulators are taking a slightly more cautious route than federal rules require. Federal rules still include an exception permitting surveyors to enter nursing homes as long as their risk of transmitting coronavirus is low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patients’ rights advocates say regulatory inspections are a necessary tool for protecting patients in long-term care facilities, so ending those surveys is a loss. Nearly 82% of California nursing homes have failed infection control standards in the last two years, according to a Kaiser Health News analysis. (The California Association of Healthcare Facilities argues that statistic is misleading, since most of the deficiency notices given to nursing homes are not “immediate jeopardy” cases.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They need to think that we can walk in the door anytime,” says Nicole Howell, the executive director of ombudsman services for Alameda, Contra Costa and Solano counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long-term care ombudsmen perform a wide range of services for patients in California, from investigating abuse complaints to handling medical and legal problems to visiting patients without close family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are by their bedside or standing with them in their room,” says Benson Nadell, the long-term care ombudsman for San Francisco. Nadell says some patients are nonverbal but still communicative, and they need visual cues; others have memory loss and disorientation, and respond more positively to in-person visits. “We have to somehow reassure them over the phone, and hope that this restriction on visiting is not into May and June,” Nadell says. “That would be really awful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julie Pollock, a program manager with California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform, says the coronavirus response is highlighting existing hazards for patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pollock says her group has heard from family members who regularly visit facilities to fill the gaps in care for loved ones. One woman says she and her family were round-the-clock visitors after finding her mother choking on secretions around a tracheostomy tube. She says she is worried now that she cannot be there to watch over her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With these new orders, who is looking out for the residents?” Pollock says. “Why is there not a better plan to keep them safe?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"callout\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Help KQED Science report on the pandemic!\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[hearken src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/5489.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guidance from the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services now prohibits most visits to skilled nursing facilities except in “compassionate care” circumstances, including when patients are nearing the end of life. Facilities are taking all kinds of additional precautions against coronavirus transmission, including deeper cleaning protocols and caring for patients with symptoms separately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodrigues agrees that locking down long-term care facilities makes sense, but says he’s concerned about increased social isolation for patients there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I encourage families and friends of residents to make contact with residents, call, use FaceTime, use Skype,” he said. “Let these people know that they’re loved and that they’re cared for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With group activities and communal dining deemed too risky, long-term care facilities are working to minimize social isolation in a number of ways, says Deborah Pacyna, who directs public affairs for the California Association of Healthcare Facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really people are turning to technology,” Pacyna says, adding that some facilities have organized efforts to get schoolkids to make greeting cards for people in nursing homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She recommends that members of the public who wish to support long-term care patients in greater isolation should call facilities directly, donate or loan iPads or old iPhones to enable FaceTime, or send greeting cards and flowers to the main desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Other Consequences for Patients?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An aggressive response against coronavirus protects patients against a fast-moving risk, but other safety concerns for residents remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health, which regulates skilled nursing facilities, and the Department of Social Services, which oversees assisted living facilities, have put in-person inspections on hold. A spokesman for CDPH says that investigations of complaints and facility-reported incidents continue, “but surveyors have been advised to do so through virtual, audio, or electronic methods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s regulators are taking a slightly more cautious route than federal rules require. Federal rules still include an exception permitting surveyors to enter nursing homes as long as their risk of transmitting coronavirus is low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patients’ rights advocates say regulatory inspections are a necessary tool for protecting patients in long-term care facilities, so ending those surveys is a loss. Nearly 82% of California nursing homes have failed infection control standards in the last two years, according to a Kaiser Health News analysis. (The California Association of Healthcare Facilities argues that statistic is misleading, since most of the deficiency notices given to nursing homes are not “immediate jeopardy” cases.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They need to think that we can walk in the door anytime,” says Nicole Howell, the executive director of ombudsman services for Alameda, Contra Costa and Solano counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long-term care ombudsmen perform a wide range of services for patients in California, from investigating abuse complaints to handling medical and legal problems to visiting patients without close family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are by their bedside or standing with them in their room,” says Benson Nadell, the long-term care ombudsman for San Francisco. Nadell says some patients are nonverbal but still communicative, and they need visual cues; others have memory loss and disorientation, and respond more positively to in-person visits. “We have to somehow reassure them over the phone, and hope that this restriction on visiting is not into May and June,” Nadell says. “That would be really awful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julie Pollock, a program manager with California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform, says the coronavirus response is highlighting existing hazards for patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pollock says her group has heard from family members who regularly visit facilities to fill the gaps in care for loved ones. One woman says she and her family were round-the-clock visitors after finding her mother choking on secretions around a tracheostomy tube. She says she is worried now that she cannot be there to watch over her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With these new orders, who is looking out for the residents?” Pollock says. “Why is there not a better plan to keep them safe?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"callout\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Help KQED Science report on the pandemic!\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Coronavirus Symptoms: Defining Mild, Moderate And Severe",
"headTitle": "Coronavirus Symptoms: Defining Mild, Moderate And Severe | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Mild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moderate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Severe or extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are some of the adjectives being used to describe the symptoms displayed by patients with COVID-19. Vice President Pence used them in his remarks to the nation this week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some — some large percentage have mild flu symptoms; some have serious flu symptoms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is not a standard definition of what symptoms are associated with these designations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can take years for such guidelines to be issued for a newly identified disease, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bu.edu/sph/profile/sandro-galea/\">Dr. Sandro Galea\u003c/a>, an epidemiologist and dean of the Boston University School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, there are some preliminary definitions that can be helpful in understanding the range of symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mild\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 80% of known cases, COVID-19 causes mild to moderate illness, \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf\">according to a report of a joint World Health Organization-China mission\u003c/a> of 25 infectious disease experts held in China late last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press conference on March 9, \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/ihr/procedures/emerg_comm_members_biographies_2013/en/\">Maria Van Kerkhove\u003c/a>, technical lead of the WHO Health Emergencies Program, had this to say about the symptoms for a so-called “mild” case: “This mild infection starts normally with a fever, although it may take a couple of days to get a fever. You will have some respiratory symptoms; you have some aches and pains. You’ll have a dry cough. This is what the majority of individuals will have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is “nothing that will make you feel like you need to run to a hospital,” says \u003ca href=\"http://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/our-people/adalja/\">Dr. Amesh Adalja\u003c/a>, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mild case of COVID-19 in and of itself is not dangerous. But in some cases — more commonly in older people and in people with underlying health issues — a mild case can progress to a moderate case that could require some supportive care such as fluids for dehydration, typically in an emergency room or urgent care center, especially if hospitals are overwhelmed by the most acute cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Moderate\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symptoms of being moderately ill with COVID-19 include coughing, fever above 100.4, chills and a feeling that you don’t want to or can’t get out of bed, says Adalja.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some patients also experience shortness of breath, although that can occur in various ways. “Shortness of breath is a wide spectrum and whether we consider treatment will be based on how short of breath they are, their age and other health conditions,” says Galea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it shortness of breath after climbing a flight of stairs or when there’s no activity — for example, when you’re just sitting in a chair?” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.einstein.yu.edu/departments/medicine/divisions/infectious-diseases/faculty/theresa-madaline.aspx\">Dr. Theresa Madaline\u003c/a>, hospital epidemiologist at the Montefiore Health System in New York City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In either case, there’s cause for concern with a confirmed or suspected COVID-19 case. “Shortness of breath [with this virus] is a symptom to always check with a health care provider. Period,” says Dr. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationaljewish.org/doctors-departments/providers/physicians/kenneth-e-lyn-kew\">Kenneth E. Lyn-Kew\u003c/a>, a pulmonologist in the Section of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine at National Jewish Health in Denver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because shortness of breath can be caused by low oxygen levels in the blood. Blood carries oxygen to organs and tissues, and low levels can lead to organ shutdown or even death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For patients with moderate symptoms, hospitalization is unlikely unless they are having difficulty drawing a breath or are dehydrated. Signs of dehydration can include increased thirst, dry mouth, decreased urine output, yellow urine, dry skin, a headache and dizziness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s another possible development within the “mild to moderate” classification. “Some of those individuals will go on to develop a mild form of pneumonia,” Van Kerkhove says. While pneumonia can often resolve on its own, especially in younger people, in older people and in those with underlying health conditions, pneumonia can be life-threatening or require hospitalization, especially if their immune system is weak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these instances, without supplemental oxygen or, if needed, a respirator to aid breathing, a patient’s organs can shut down and the patient can die, says Galea. People with pneumonia can also get secondary bacterial infections, which can be life-threatening and require treatment with intravenous antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A case that is “mild to moderate” will \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/transcripts/joint-mission-press-conference-script-english-final.pdf?sfvrsn=51c90b9e_2\">last about two weeks\u003c/a> from the first signs of symptoms to recovery, WHO says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Serious, severe, extreme\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the report of the WHO-China joint mission, in about 1 in 5 patients, the infection gets worse. About 14% of cases can develop into severe disease, where patients may need supplemental oxygen. And 6% of cases become critical and may experience septic shock — a significant drop in blood pressure that can lead to stroke, heart or respiratory failure, failure of other organs or death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theresa Madaline says that in some patients, symptoms can progress to severe in a few hours — or over several days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A different problem can occur if disease progresses. The virus can enter lung cells and start replicating, killing the cells. The immune system may take action to fight the virus, creating inflammation, destroying lung tissue and sometimes resulting in a more severe form of pneumonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/02/14/805289669/how-covid-19-kills-the-new-coronavirus-disease-can-take-a-deadly-turn\">This [immune system] response\u003c/a> can impair your ability to get oxygen into your blood. Without enough oxygen, inflammation can become more severe and result in organ failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What to tell your doctor about symptoms\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keep in mind that mild, moderate and severe are the inelegant terms we have right now,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.tuftsmedicalcenter.org/physiciandirectory/shira-doron?dpt=c1b92da7-2a63-4c04-975b-96f89d8410af\">Dr. Shira Doron\u003c/a>, hospital epidemiologist at Tufts Medical Center in Boston. “Use symptoms rather than adjectives when you speak to a health care provider” and then they can determine whether you need to consider treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus+Symptoms%3A+Defining+Mild%2C+Moderate+And+Severe&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moderate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Severe or extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are some of the adjectives being used to describe the symptoms displayed by patients with COVID-19. Vice President Pence used them in his remarks to the nation this week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some — some large percentage have mild flu symptoms; some have serious flu symptoms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is not a standard definition of what symptoms are associated with these designations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can take years for such guidelines to be issued for a newly identified disease, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bu.edu/sph/profile/sandro-galea/\">Dr. Sandro Galea\u003c/a>, an epidemiologist and dean of the Boston University School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, there are some preliminary definitions that can be helpful in understanding the range of symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mild\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 80% of known cases, COVID-19 causes mild to moderate illness, \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf\">according to a report of a joint World Health Organization-China mission\u003c/a> of 25 infectious disease experts held in China late last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press conference on March 9, \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/ihr/procedures/emerg_comm_members_biographies_2013/en/\">Maria Van Kerkhove\u003c/a>, technical lead of the WHO Health Emergencies Program, had this to say about the symptoms for a so-called “mild” case: “This mild infection starts normally with a fever, although it may take a couple of days to get a fever. You will have some respiratory symptoms; you have some aches and pains. You’ll have a dry cough. This is what the majority of individuals will have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is “nothing that will make you feel like you need to run to a hospital,” says \u003ca href=\"http://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/our-people/adalja/\">Dr. Amesh Adalja\u003c/a>, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mild case of COVID-19 in and of itself is not dangerous. But in some cases — more commonly in older people and in people with underlying health issues — a mild case can progress to a moderate case that could require some supportive care such as fluids for dehydration, typically in an emergency room or urgent care center, especially if hospitals are overwhelmed by the most acute cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Moderate\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symptoms of being moderately ill with COVID-19 include coughing, fever above 100.4, chills and a feeling that you don’t want to or can’t get out of bed, says Adalja.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some patients also experience shortness of breath, although that can occur in various ways. “Shortness of breath is a wide spectrum and whether we consider treatment will be based on how short of breath they are, their age and other health conditions,” says Galea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it shortness of breath after climbing a flight of stairs or when there’s no activity — for example, when you’re just sitting in a chair?” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.einstein.yu.edu/departments/medicine/divisions/infectious-diseases/faculty/theresa-madaline.aspx\">Dr. Theresa Madaline\u003c/a>, hospital epidemiologist at the Montefiore Health System in New York City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In either case, there’s cause for concern with a confirmed or suspected COVID-19 case. “Shortness of breath [with this virus] is a symptom to always check with a health care provider. Period,” says Dr. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationaljewish.org/doctors-departments/providers/physicians/kenneth-e-lyn-kew\">Kenneth E. Lyn-Kew\u003c/a>, a pulmonologist in the Section of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine at National Jewish Health in Denver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because shortness of breath can be caused by low oxygen levels in the blood. Blood carries oxygen to organs and tissues, and low levels can lead to organ shutdown or even death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For patients with moderate symptoms, hospitalization is unlikely unless they are having difficulty drawing a breath or are dehydrated. Signs of dehydration can include increased thirst, dry mouth, decreased urine output, yellow urine, dry skin, a headache and dizziness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s another possible development within the “mild to moderate” classification. “Some of those individuals will go on to develop a mild form of pneumonia,” Van Kerkhove says. While pneumonia can often resolve on its own, especially in younger people, in older people and in those with underlying health conditions, pneumonia can be life-threatening or require hospitalization, especially if their immune system is weak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these instances, without supplemental oxygen or, if needed, a respirator to aid breathing, a patient’s organs can shut down and the patient can die, says Galea. People with pneumonia can also get secondary bacterial infections, which can be life-threatening and require treatment with intravenous antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A case that is “mild to moderate” will \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/transcripts/joint-mission-press-conference-script-english-final.pdf?sfvrsn=51c90b9e_2\">last about two weeks\u003c/a> from the first signs of symptoms to recovery, WHO says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Serious, severe, extreme\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the report of the WHO-China joint mission, in about 1 in 5 patients, the infection gets worse. About 14% of cases can develop into severe disease, where patients may need supplemental oxygen. And 6% of cases become critical and may experience septic shock — a significant drop in blood pressure that can lead to stroke, heart or respiratory failure, failure of other organs or death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theresa Madaline says that in some patients, symptoms can progress to severe in a few hours — or over several days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A different problem can occur if disease progresses. The virus can enter lung cells and start replicating, killing the cells. The immune system may take action to fight the virus, creating inflammation, destroying lung tissue and sometimes resulting in a more severe form of pneumonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/02/14/805289669/how-covid-19-kills-the-new-coronavirus-disease-can-take-a-deadly-turn\">This [immune system] response\u003c/a> can impair your ability to get oxygen into your blood. Without enough oxygen, inflammation can become more severe and result in organ failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What to tell your doctor about symptoms\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keep in mind that mild, moderate and severe are the inelegant terms we have right now,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.tuftsmedicalcenter.org/physiciandirectory/shira-doron?dpt=c1b92da7-2a63-4c04-975b-96f89d8410af\">Dr. Shira Doron\u003c/a>, hospital epidemiologist at Tufts Medical Center in Boston. “Use symptoms rather than adjectives when you speak to a health care provider” and then they can determine whether you need to consider treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus+Symptoms%3A+Defining+Mild%2C+Moderate+And+Severe&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "A Virus' One Purpose, and How Vaccines Thwart It",
"headTitle": "A Virus’ One Purpose, and How Vaccines Thwart It | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the COVID-19 virus continues to spread around the Bay Area and the world, the National Institutes of Health says a vaccine for the public is at least a year away. Still, researchers around the world are already working on it, and some clinical trials have begun. To learn about the latest efforts, KQED’s Brian Watt visited the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, a nonprofit research center in San Francisco. He spoke with Senior Researcher \u003cstrong>Dr. Melanie Ott. \u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott’s answers have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What is a virus and how does it infect our cells and spread around the body?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A virus, to a virologist, is a fascinating little creature. It is basically a minuscule ball of proteins that contains in its shell a nucleic acid, which is the genome or the code for the virus to replicate. By itself, the virus is not able to propagate or to replicate or to multiply, and it needs to get into a host cell. Once it’s in the cell it can then hijack a lot of the proteins in our body and in our own cells to replicate itself. This is basically the only purpose of a virus. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>On the other side of the equation, what is a vaccine?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the virus comes into our cells, the cells are not going to be powerless, the cells are going to be highly alarmed, and our whole immune system is basically geared toward defending us against invading viruses or other pathogens. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So when the virus comes in, an immune reaction is being generated — T cells and B cells — and they produce things like antibodies that will recognize the virus, neutralize it, and get it out of the system. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What the vaccine does is activate this reaction of our body ahead of a virus coming in. We mimic what the natural virus would do, but instead of having to go through a whole infection and becoming sick, we do this with a nondangerous and easy means ahead of time. So our immune system is already prepared when the virus comes in, to immediately kick in and to eliminate that virus before we get sick.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Why will it take so long to develop a vaccine for the novel coronavirus?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Making vaccines is a long process because we want to make sure that the vaccine is safe and effective. So usually when we talk about vaccines, this is a yearslong process. Now, when we’re talking about the new coronavirus vaccine, this is already on an accelerated pace. When we talk about a year or a year-and-a-half, that is unprecedented. It’s really already a very fast pace for a vaccine. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This can be very complicated, from a virus that is inactivated, or it can be very simple, by just taking the genetic code of a singular protein of the virus and putting it into the body, and the body does all the work that we would otherwise do outside to generate these specific antigens we’re using. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I think there’s a lot of urgency, goodwill and collaboration currently ongoing from people in the lab, researchers and these agencies to make sure that we’re doing the right thing, the safe thing, but also, responding efficiently to this crisis.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Are there parts of the process that could be worked around a little bit faster? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I think there’s two sides. I think one side is the vaccine, which is, I think, the best way to respond, and also to induce global immunity against the virus. There are a lot of questions still unanswered that we will find out. Is there a lifelong immunity with the vaccine or with the infection? The point is that this is something that even if we have a vaccine, and we give it to the population, it will still take a while until the immunity is being generated.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb> What could we do to prevent this type of outbreak in the future?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For us, the key thing in research is that we gear it currently against this coronavirus, but also against future coronaviruses, so that we have a platform that we can use and easily adapt to a virus that might evolve in the future. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We just have to get used to the fact that because we are now connected in the world, as much as we are, we have to be extra alert that this is also how you can spread infectious pathogens very easily. So I think there’s really a unique time for Bay Area research and the U.S. research to come together and to work together at an unprecedented speed and collaborative spirit.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the COVID-19 virus continues to spread around the Bay Area and the world, the National Institutes of Health says a vaccine for the public is at least a year away. Still, researchers around the world are already working on it, and some clinical trials have begun. To learn about the latest efforts, KQED’s Brian Watt visited the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, a nonprofit research center in San Francisco. He spoke with Senior Researcher \u003cstrong>Dr. Melanie Ott. \u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott’s answers have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What is a virus and how does it infect our cells and spread around the body?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A virus, to a virologist, is a fascinating little creature. It is basically a minuscule ball of proteins that contains in its shell a nucleic acid, which is the genome or the code for the virus to replicate. By itself, the virus is not able to propagate or to replicate or to multiply, and it needs to get into a host cell. Once it’s in the cell it can then hijack a lot of the proteins in our body and in our own cells to replicate itself. This is basically the only purpose of a virus. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>On the other side of the equation, what is a vaccine?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the virus comes into our cells, the cells are not going to be powerless, the cells are going to be highly alarmed, and our whole immune system is basically geared toward defending us against invading viruses or other pathogens. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So when the virus comes in, an immune reaction is being generated — T cells and B cells — and they produce things like antibodies that will recognize the virus, neutralize it, and get it out of the system. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What the vaccine does is activate this reaction of our body ahead of a virus coming in. We mimic what the natural virus would do, but instead of having to go through a whole infection and becoming sick, we do this with a nondangerous and easy means ahead of time. So our immune system is already prepared when the virus comes in, to immediately kick in and to eliminate that virus before we get sick.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Why will it take so long to develop a vaccine for the novel coronavirus?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Making vaccines is a long process because we want to make sure that the vaccine is safe and effective. So usually when we talk about vaccines, this is a yearslong process. Now, when we’re talking about the new coronavirus vaccine, this is already on an accelerated pace. When we talk about a year or a year-and-a-half, that is unprecedented. It’s really already a very fast pace for a vaccine. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This can be very complicated, from a virus that is inactivated, or it can be very simple, by just taking the genetic code of a singular protein of the virus and putting it into the body, and the body does all the work that we would otherwise do outside to generate these specific antigens we’re using. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I think there’s a lot of urgency, goodwill and collaboration currently ongoing from people in the lab, researchers and these agencies to make sure that we’re doing the right thing, the safe thing, but also, responding efficiently to this crisis.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Are there parts of the process that could be worked around a little bit faster? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I think there’s two sides. I think one side is the vaccine, which is, I think, the best way to respond, and also to induce global immunity against the virus. There are a lot of questions still unanswered that we will find out. Is there a lifelong immunity with the vaccine or with the infection? The point is that this is something that even if we have a vaccine, and we give it to the population, it will still take a while until the immunity is being generated.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb> What could we do to prevent this type of outbreak in the future?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For us, the key thing in research is that we gear it currently against this coronavirus, but also against future coronaviruses, so that we have a platform that we can use and easily adapt to a virus that might evolve in the future. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We just have to get used to the fact that because we are now connected in the world, as much as we are, we have to be extra alert that this is also how you can spread infectious pathogens very easily. So I think there’s really a unique time for Bay Area research and the U.S. research to come together and to work together at an unprecedented speed and collaborative spirit.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Here Are the Public Health Orders and Recommendations for Each Bay Area County",
"headTitle": "Here Are the Public Health Orders and Recommendations for Each Bay Area County | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>UPDATE: Wednesday, March 18, 2020\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight Bay Area counties and the city of Berkeley have issued a shelter-in-place order restricting people to stay mostly indoors, except if they need to go out for essential activities. The counties are: Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, and Sonoma counties. Only \u003ca href=\"http://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/ncov.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solano County\u003c/a> has yet to issue the order. Berkeley’s health department has its own jurisdiction so also followed suit. Read the full order from San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/HealthOrderC19-07-%20Shelter-in-Place.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>; the health orders from the other counties are essentially the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://acphd.org/media/559658/health-officer-order-shelter-in-place-20200316.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alameda County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/coronavirus/pdf/HO-COVID19-SIP-0316-2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contra Costa County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://coronavirus.marinhhs.org/sites/default/files/Files/Shelter%20in%20Place/Shelter%20in%20Place%20Order%2016%20March%202020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marin County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/DocumentCenter/View/16687/3-18-2020-Shelter-at-Home-Order\">Napa County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/HealthOrderC19-07-%20Shelter-in-Place.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/sites/smcgov.org/files/HO%20Order%20Shelter%20in%20Place%2020200316.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/phd/DiseaseInformation/novel-coronavirus/Pages/order-health-officer-031620.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Santa Clara County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://socoemergency.org/order-of-the-health-officer-shelter-in-place/\">Sonoma\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Health_Human_Services/Level_3_-_Public_Health/city-of-berkeley-health-officer-order-to-shelter-in-place.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">City of Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The order goes into effect Tuesday, March 17, at midnight and will remain in place for three weeks through April 7, 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All residents are directed to stay home except for activities like getting services or supplies. People can also walk, take pets outside, and hike or run outdoors, provided they maintain at least six feet of distance from each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All businesses other than those deemed essential must close. Take-out and delivery of food and coffee are permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Mayor London Breed spoke at a press conference Monday afternoon, telling the city: “The time now is not to panic; it’s for us to come together. It’s for us to follow the directives, to prevent the spread of the coronavirus so that we can get through this very challenging time. Ultimately we will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While the goal is to limit groups congregating together in a way that could further spread the virus, it is not complete social shutdown,” said Dr. Matt Willis, Marin County’s public health officer in a statement Monday. “You can still complete your most essential outings or even engage in outdoor activity, so long as you avoid close contact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials said Monday there is no need for people to buy food and other supplies in a panic, and that grocery stores would remain open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday’s order also restricts travel to that which is essential. Travel from outside the area back to a place of residence is permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Violating the order will be a misdemeanor, said San Francisco Police Chief William Scott, but he stressed that this would be a last resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local health officials said Monday that a regional response is now needed to slow the spread of the COVID-19 virus in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were seeing a tipping point here in Santa Clara County, with exponential growth of our cases,” said Dr. Sara Cody, Santa Clara’s public health officer. “Over the weekend, I had a discussion with fellow health officers in the Bay Area ,and we were looking at trends and realized very quickly that we are one region and that what’s happening in Santa Clara County today, where we’re the epicenter, will soon be happening in the adjacent jurisdictions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We decided collectively that we needed to take swift action as soon as possible to prevent the further spread and to protect our critical healthcare infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essential activities for which you can leave you house, as defined by San Francisco’s order:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>-Obtaining medicine, seeing a doctor or other tasks essential for health and safety.\u003cbr>\n-Getting necessary services or supplies for your family or for household members, including those necessary to remain at home, including procuring pet food.\u003cbr>\n-Engaging in outdoor activity, such as walking, hiking or running if you stay at least six feet away from other people.\u003cbr>\n-Taking pets outside is okay, as long as the six foot rule is observed, if walking with other people.\u003cbr>\n-Performing work providing essential services.\u003cbr>\n-Caring for a family member in another household.\u003cbr>\n-Caring for elderly, minors, dependents, people who are disabled or are otherwise vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essential businesses that can remain open:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>-Health care operations (including home health workers), pharmacies, health care supply stores and facilities\u003cbr>\n-Essential infrastructure, including construction and public transportation and utilities\u003cbr>\n-Grocery stores, farmers markets, convenience stores, food banks\u003cbr>\n-Food cultivation, including farming, livestock and fishing\u003cbr>\n-Businesses that provide necessities for the economically disadvantaged and for shelters\u003cbr>\n-Newspapers, television, radio and other media services\u003cbr>\n-Gas stations and auto repair\u003cbr>\n-Banks\u003cbr>\n-Garbage collection\u003cbr>\n-Businesses providing mail and shipping services\u003cbr>\n-Hardware stores, plumbers, electricians and other essential service providers\u003cbr>\n-Educational institutions for purposes of distance learning\u003cbr>\n-Laundromats, dry cleaners, and laundry service providers\u003cbr>\n-Shippers or delivers of groceries, food and good related to residencies\u003cbr>\n-Childcare facilities\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full list of essential activities, businesses and travel in the order \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/HealthOrderC19-07-%20Shelter-in-Place.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>UPDATE: Wednesday, March 18, 2020\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight Bay Area counties and the city of Berkeley have issued a shelter-in-place order restricting people to stay mostly indoors, except if they need to go out for essential activities. The counties are: Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, and Sonoma counties. Only \u003ca href=\"http://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/ncov.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solano County\u003c/a> has yet to issue the order. Berkeley’s health department has its own jurisdiction so also followed suit. Read the full order from San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/HealthOrderC19-07-%20Shelter-in-Place.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>; the health orders from the other counties are essentially the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://acphd.org/media/559658/health-officer-order-shelter-in-place-20200316.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alameda County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/coronavirus/pdf/HO-COVID19-SIP-0316-2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contra Costa County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://coronavirus.marinhhs.org/sites/default/files/Files/Shelter%20in%20Place/Shelter%20in%20Place%20Order%2016%20March%202020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marin County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/DocumentCenter/View/16687/3-18-2020-Shelter-at-Home-Order\">Napa County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/HealthOrderC19-07-%20Shelter-in-Place.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smcgov.org/sites/smcgov.org/files/HO%20Order%20Shelter%20in%20Place%2020200316.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Mateo County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/phd/DiseaseInformation/novel-coronavirus/Pages/order-health-officer-031620.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Santa Clara County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://socoemergency.org/order-of-the-health-officer-shelter-in-place/\">Sonoma\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Health_Human_Services/Level_3_-_Public_Health/city-of-berkeley-health-officer-order-to-shelter-in-place.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">City of Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The order goes into effect Tuesday, March 17, at midnight and will remain in place for three weeks through April 7, 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All residents are directed to stay home except for activities like getting services or supplies. People can also walk, take pets outside, and hike or run outdoors, provided they maintain at least six feet of distance from each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All businesses other than those deemed essential must close. Take-out and delivery of food and coffee are permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Mayor London Breed spoke at a press conference Monday afternoon, telling the city: “The time now is not to panic; it’s for us to come together. It’s for us to follow the directives, to prevent the spread of the coronavirus so that we can get through this very challenging time. Ultimately we will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While the goal is to limit groups congregating together in a way that could further spread the virus, it is not complete social shutdown,” said Dr. Matt Willis, Marin County’s public health officer in a statement Monday. “You can still complete your most essential outings or even engage in outdoor activity, so long as you avoid close contact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials said Monday there is no need for people to buy food and other supplies in a panic, and that grocery stores would remain open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday’s order also restricts travel to that which is essential. Travel from outside the area back to a place of residence is permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Violating the order will be a misdemeanor, said San Francisco Police Chief William Scott, but he stressed that this would be a last resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local health officials said Monday that a regional response is now needed to slow the spread of the COVID-19 virus in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were seeing a tipping point here in Santa Clara County, with exponential growth of our cases,” said Dr. Sara Cody, Santa Clara’s public health officer. “Over the weekend, I had a discussion with fellow health officers in the Bay Area ,and we were looking at trends and realized very quickly that we are one region and that what’s happening in Santa Clara County today, where we’re the epicenter, will soon be happening in the adjacent jurisdictions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We decided collectively that we needed to take swift action as soon as possible to prevent the further spread and to protect our critical healthcare infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essential activities for which you can leave you house, as defined by San Francisco’s order:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>-Obtaining medicine, seeing a doctor or other tasks essential for health and safety.\u003cbr>\n-Getting necessary services or supplies for your family or for household members, including those necessary to remain at home, including procuring pet food.\u003cbr>\n-Engaging in outdoor activity, such as walking, hiking or running if you stay at least six feet away from other people.\u003cbr>\n-Taking pets outside is okay, as long as the six foot rule is observed, if walking with other people.\u003cbr>\n-Performing work providing essential services.\u003cbr>\n-Caring for a family member in another household.\u003cbr>\n-Caring for elderly, minors, dependents, people who are disabled or are otherwise vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essential businesses that can remain open:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>-Health care operations (including home health workers), pharmacies, health care supply stores and facilities\u003cbr>\n-Essential infrastructure, including construction and public transportation and utilities\u003cbr>\n-Grocery stores, farmers markets, convenience stores, food banks\u003cbr>\n-Food cultivation, including farming, livestock and fishing\u003cbr>\n-Businesses that provide necessities for the economically disadvantaged and for shelters\u003cbr>\n-Newspapers, television, radio and other media services\u003cbr>\n-Gas stations and auto repair\u003cbr>\n-Banks\u003cbr>\n-Garbage collection\u003cbr>\n-Businesses providing mail and shipping services\u003cbr>\n-Hardware stores, plumbers, electricians and other essential service providers\u003cbr>\n-Educational institutions for purposes of distance learning\u003cbr>\n-Laundromats, dry cleaners, and laundry service providers\u003cbr>\n-Shippers or delivers of groceries, food and good related to residencies\u003cbr>\n-Childcare facilities\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full list of essential activities, businesses and travel in the order \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/HealthOrderC19-07-%20Shelter-in-Place.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Coronavirus: Public Health Experts Want to 'Flatten the Curve.' Here's What That Means",
"headTitle": "Coronavirus: Public Health Experts Want to ‘Flatten the Curve.’ Here’s What That Means | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"big-cap-wrap\">\u003cspan class=\"big-cap\">F\u003c/span>\u003c/span>or many countries staring down fast-rising \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/tag/coronavirus/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">coronavirus\u003c/a> case counts, the race is on to “flatten the curve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States and other countries, experts say, are likely to be hit by tsunamis of COVID-19 cases in the coming weeks without aggressive public health responses. But by taking certain steps — canceling large public gatherings, for instance, and encouraging some people to restrict their contact with others — governments have a shot at stamping out new chains of transmission, while also trying to mitigate the damage of the spread that isn’t under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The epidemic curve, a statistical chart used to visualize when and at what speed new cases are reported, could be flattened, rather than being allowed to rise exponentially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at the curves of outbreaks, they go big peaks, and then come down. What we need to do is flatten that down,” Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told reporters Tuesday. “That would have less people infected. That would ultimately have less deaths. You do that by trying to interfere with the natural flow of the outbreak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The notion that the curve of this outbreak could be flattened began to gain credence after China took the extraordinary step of locking down tens of millions of people days in advance of the Lunar New Year, to prevent the virus from spreading around the country from Wuhan, the city where the outbreak appears to have started. Many experts at the time said it would have been impossible to slow a rapidly transmitting respiratory infection by effectively shutting down enormous cities — and possibly counterproductive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958644\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1408px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1958644\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1408\" height=\"790\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM.png 1408w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM-800x449.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM-768x431.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM-1020x572.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1408px) 100vw, 1408px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Carl Bergstrom, UW & Esther Kim \u003ccite>(ALEX HOGAN/STAT)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the quarantines, unprecedented in modern times, appear to have prevented explosive outbreaks from occurring in cities outside of Hubei province, where Wuhan is located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, spread of the virus in China has slowed to a trickle; the country reported only 19 cases on Monday. And South Korea, which has had the third largest outbreak outside of China, also appears to be beating back transmission through aggressive actions. But other places, notably Italy and Iran, are struggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For weeks, a debate has raged about whether the virus could be “contained” — an approach the WHO has been exhorting countries to focus on — or whether it made more sense to simply try to lessen the virus’ blow, an approach known as “mitigation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That argument has been counterproductive, Mike Ryan, the head of the WHO’s health emergencies program, said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’ve had this unfortunate emergence of camps around the containment camp, the mitigation camp — different groups presenting and championing their view of the world. And frankly speaking, it’s not helpful,” Ryan told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caitlin Rivers, an assistant professor of epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, said any lessening of spread will help health systems remain functional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if we are not headed to zero transmission, any cases that we can prevent and any transmission that we can avoid are going to have enormous impact,” she said. “Not only on the individuals who end up not getting sick but all of the people that they would have ended up infecting. … And so the more that we can minimize it, the better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On any normal day, health systems in the United States typically run \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/10/simple-math-alarming-answers-covid-19/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">close to capacity\u003c/a>. If a hospital is overwhelmed by COVID-19 cases, patients will have a lower chance of surviving than they would if they became ill when the hospital’s patient load was more manageable. People in car crashes, people with cancer, pregnant women who have complications during delivery — all those people risk getting a lesser caliber of care when a hospital is trying to cope with the chaos of an outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the whole notion of flattening the curve is to slow things down so that this doesn’t hit us like a brick wall,” said Michael Mina, associate medical director of clinical microbiology at Boston’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “It’s really all borne out of the risk of our health care infrastructure pulling apart at the seams if the virus spreads too quickly and too many people start showing up at the emergency room at any given time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Countries and regions that have been badly hit by the virus report hospitals that are utterly swamped by the influx of sick people struggling to breathe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alessandro Vespignani, director of the Network Science Institute at Northeastern University, is gravely worried about what he’s hearing from contacts in Italy, where people initially played down the outbreak as “a kind of flu,” he said. Hospitals in the north of the country, which the virus first took root, are filled beyond capacity, he said, and may soon face the nightmarish dilemma of having to decide who to try to save.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was what was really keeping me up at night, to unfortunately see Italy approaching that point,” Vespignani said, adding that now that the country has effectively followed China’s example and put its population on lockdown, “hopefully this will work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vespignani, along with colleagues, published a \u003ca href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/03/05/science.aba9757\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent modeling study\u003c/a> in Science that showed travel restrictions — which the United States has adopted to a degree — only slow spread when combined with public health interventions and individual behavioral change. He’s not convinced that people in the United States comprehend what’s coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think people are not yet fully understanding the scale of this outbreak and how dangerous it is to downplay,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mina agreed: “Without a very clear signal coming from our government at the national level, it’s really just like a small trickle as people start to recognize that this is happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/11/flattening-curve-coronavirus/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">story\u003c/a> was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/\">STAT\u003c/a>, an online publication of Boston Globe Media that covers health, medicine, and scientific discovery.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"big-cap-wrap\">\u003cspan class=\"big-cap\">F\u003c/span>\u003c/span>or many countries staring down fast-rising \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/tag/coronavirus/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">coronavirus\u003c/a> case counts, the race is on to “flatten the curve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States and other countries, experts say, are likely to be hit by tsunamis of COVID-19 cases in the coming weeks without aggressive public health responses. But by taking certain steps — canceling large public gatherings, for instance, and encouraging some people to restrict their contact with others — governments have a shot at stamping out new chains of transmission, while also trying to mitigate the damage of the spread that isn’t under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The epidemic curve, a statistical chart used to visualize when and at what speed new cases are reported, could be flattened, rather than being allowed to rise exponentially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at the curves of outbreaks, they go big peaks, and then come down. What we need to do is flatten that down,” Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told reporters Tuesday. “That would have less people infected. That would ultimately have less deaths. You do that by trying to interfere with the natural flow of the outbreak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The notion that the curve of this outbreak could be flattened began to gain credence after China took the extraordinary step of locking down tens of millions of people days in advance of the Lunar New Year, to prevent the virus from spreading around the country from Wuhan, the city where the outbreak appears to have started. Many experts at the time said it would have been impossible to slow a rapidly transmitting respiratory infection by effectively shutting down enormous cities — and possibly counterproductive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958644\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1408px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1958644\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1408\" height=\"790\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM.png 1408w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM-800x449.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM-768x431.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-11-at-10.15.52-AM-1020x572.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1408px) 100vw, 1408px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Carl Bergstrom, UW & Esther Kim \u003ccite>(ALEX HOGAN/STAT)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the quarantines, unprecedented in modern times, appear to have prevented explosive outbreaks from occurring in cities outside of Hubei province, where Wuhan is located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, spread of the virus in China has slowed to a trickle; the country reported only 19 cases on Monday. And South Korea, which has had the third largest outbreak outside of China, also appears to be beating back transmission through aggressive actions. But other places, notably Italy and Iran, are struggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For weeks, a debate has raged about whether the virus could be “contained” — an approach the WHO has been exhorting countries to focus on — or whether it made more sense to simply try to lessen the virus’ blow, an approach known as “mitigation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That argument has been counterproductive, Mike Ryan, the head of the WHO’s health emergencies program, said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’ve had this unfortunate emergence of camps around the containment camp, the mitigation camp — different groups presenting and championing their view of the world. And frankly speaking, it’s not helpful,” Ryan told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caitlin Rivers, an assistant professor of epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, said any lessening of spread will help health systems remain functional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if we are not headed to zero transmission, any cases that we can prevent and any transmission that we can avoid are going to have enormous impact,” she said. “Not only on the individuals who end up not getting sick but all of the people that they would have ended up infecting. … And so the more that we can minimize it, the better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On any normal day, health systems in the United States typically run \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/10/simple-math-alarming-answers-covid-19/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">close to capacity\u003c/a>. If a hospital is overwhelmed by COVID-19 cases, patients will have a lower chance of surviving than they would if they became ill when the hospital’s patient load was more manageable. People in car crashes, people with cancer, pregnant women who have complications during delivery — all those people risk getting a lesser caliber of care when a hospital is trying to cope with the chaos of an outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the whole notion of flattening the curve is to slow things down so that this doesn’t hit us like a brick wall,” said Michael Mina, associate medical director of clinical microbiology at Boston’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “It’s really all borne out of the risk of our health care infrastructure pulling apart at the seams if the virus spreads too quickly and too many people start showing up at the emergency room at any given time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Countries and regions that have been badly hit by the virus report hospitals that are utterly swamped by the influx of sick people struggling to breathe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alessandro Vespignani, director of the Network Science Institute at Northeastern University, is gravely worried about what he’s hearing from contacts in Italy, where people initially played down the outbreak as “a kind of flu,” he said. Hospitals in the north of the country, which the virus first took root, are filled beyond capacity, he said, and may soon face the nightmarish dilemma of having to decide who to try to save.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was what was really keeping me up at night, to unfortunately see Italy approaching that point,” Vespignani said, adding that now that the country has effectively followed China’s example and put its population on lockdown, “hopefully this will work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vespignani, along with colleagues, published a \u003ca href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/03/05/science.aba9757\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent modeling study\u003c/a> in Science that showed travel restrictions — which the United States has adopted to a degree — only slow spread when combined with public health interventions and individual behavioral change. He’s not convinced that people in the United States comprehend what’s coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think people are not yet fully understanding the scale of this outbreak and how dangerous it is to downplay,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mina agreed: “Without a very clear signal coming from our government at the national level, it’s really just like a small trickle as people start to recognize that this is happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/11/flattening-curve-coronavirus/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">story\u003c/a> was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/\">STAT\u003c/a>, an online publication of Boston Globe Media that covers health, medicine, and scientific discovery.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Coronavirus: COVID-19 Is Now Officially A Pandemic, WHO Says",
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"content": "\u003cp>The COVID-19 viral disease that has swept into at least 114 countries and killed more than 4,000 people is now officially a pandemic, the World Health Organization announced Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first pandemic caused by coronavirus,” said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight countries — including the U.S. — are now each reporting more than 1,000 cases of COVID-19, caused by the virus that has infected more than 120,000 people worldwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the past two weeks, the number of cases of COVID-19 outside China has increased 13-fold, and the number of affected countries has tripled,” Tedros said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noting the rising death toll from the respiratory virus, the WHO head said, “In the days and weeks ahead, we expect to see the number of cases, the number of deaths, and the number of affected countries climb even higher.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WHO is “deeply concerned,” Tedros said, “both by the alarming levels of spread and severity, and by the alarming levels of inaction” by the world’s leaders in response to the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have therefore made the assessment that COVID-19 can be characterized as a pandemic,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he acknowledged the viral disease’s reach, Tedros also urged people not to be fearful because of its status as a pandemic. He also said the term should not be taken to mean that the fight against the virus is over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Describing the situation as a pandemic does not change WHO’s assessment of the threat posed by the virus,” Tedros said. “It doesn’t change what WHO is doing. And it doesn’t change what countries should do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A severe outbreak in Italy has now caused more than 630 deaths there, and the country’s case total continues to rise sharply. It’s now at 10,000 cases, second only to China. There are 9,000 cases in Iran, and more than 7,700 in South Korea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those countries are all imposing drastic measures in an attempt to slow the spread of the COVID-19 illness, which has a higher fatality rate for elderly people and those with underlying health conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the Americas, Honduras, Jamaica and Panama are all confirming coronavirus infections for the first time,” NPR’s Jason Beaubien reports. “Elsewhere Mongolia and Cyprus are also now reporting cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WHO declared the coronavirus outbreak a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/01/30/798894428/who-declares-coronavirus-outbreak-a-global-health-emergency\">global health emergency\u003c/a> in January, as cases surged in China, the epicenter of the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the outbreak has ballooned, so has speculation that the organization would raise its warnings about the virus to the highest level. But Tedros said WHO experts had determined that the scale of the coronavirus’s impact didn’t warrant the description. And he noted that declaring the outbreak a pandemic would raise the risk of a public panic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tedros and others had hoped the virus would be contained, citing data from China showing that the number of new cases there peaked in late January and early February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Coronavirus Symptoms and Prevention\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent the coronavirus from spreading, the CDC recommends washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or using a hand sanitizer if a sink isn’t available. The World Health Organization says people should wear face masks only if they’re sick or caring for someone who is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For most people, COVID-19 infection will cause mild illness; however, it can make some people very ill and, in some people, it can be fatal,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf\">the WHO says\u003c/a>. “Older people, and those with pre-existing medical conditions (such as cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease or diabetes) are at risk for severe disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most common symptoms of COVID-19, according to a recent WHO report that draws on more than 70,000 cases in China: fever (in 88% of cases); dry cough (68%); fatigue (38%); sputum/phlegm production (33%).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortness of breath occurred in nearly 20% of cases, and about 13% had a sore throat or headache, the WHO said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus%3A+COVID-19+Is+Now+Officially+A+Pandemic%2C+WHO+Says&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WHO is “deeply concerned,” Tedros said, “both by the alarming levels of spread and severity, and by the alarming levels of inaction” by the world’s leaders in response to the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have therefore made the assessment that COVID-19 can be characterized as a pandemic,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he acknowledged the viral disease’s reach, Tedros also urged people not to be fearful because of its status as a pandemic. He also said the term should not be taken to mean that the fight against the virus is over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Describing the situation as a pandemic does not change WHO’s assessment of the threat posed by the virus,” Tedros said. “It doesn’t change what WHO is doing. And it doesn’t change what countries should do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A severe outbreak in Italy has now caused more than 630 deaths there, and the country’s case total continues to rise sharply. It’s now at 10,000 cases, second only to China. There are 9,000 cases in Iran, and more than 7,700 in South Korea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those countries are all imposing drastic measures in an attempt to slow the spread of the COVID-19 illness, which has a higher fatality rate for elderly people and those with underlying health conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the Americas, Honduras, Jamaica and Panama are all confirming coronavirus infections for the first time,” NPR’s Jason Beaubien reports. “Elsewhere Mongolia and Cyprus are also now reporting cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WHO declared the coronavirus outbreak a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/01/30/798894428/who-declares-coronavirus-outbreak-a-global-health-emergency\">global health emergency\u003c/a> in January, as cases surged in China, the epicenter of the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the outbreak has ballooned, so has speculation that the organization would raise its warnings about the virus to the highest level. But Tedros said WHO experts had determined that the scale of the coronavirus’s impact didn’t warrant the description. And he noted that declaring the outbreak a pandemic would raise the risk of a public panic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tedros and others had hoped the virus would be contained, citing data from China showing that the number of new cases there peaked in late January and early February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Coronavirus Symptoms and Prevention\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent the coronavirus from spreading, the CDC recommends washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or using a hand sanitizer if a sink isn’t available. The World Health Organization says people should wear face masks only if they’re sick or caring for someone who is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For most people, COVID-19 infection will cause mild illness; however, it can make some people very ill and, in some people, it can be fatal,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf\">the WHO says\u003c/a>. “Older people, and those with pre-existing medical conditions (such as cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease or diabetes) are at risk for severe disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most common symptoms of COVID-19, according to a recent WHO report that draws on more than 70,000 cases in China: fever (in 88% of cases); dry cough (68%); fatigue (38%); sputum/phlegm production (33%).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortness of breath occurred in nearly 20% of cases, and about 13% had a sore throat or headache, the WHO said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus%3A+COVID-19+Is+Now+Officially+A+Pandemic%2C+WHO+Says&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "New Test Strips Detect Harmful Toxin in Some Common California Mushrooms",
"headTitle": "New Test Strips Detect Harmful Toxin in Some Common California Mushrooms | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>In a parking lot near some woods about an hour east of San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">United States Department of Agriculture\u003c/a> (USDA) research microbiologist \u003ca href=\"https://www.ars.usda.gov/people-locations/person?person-id=52565\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Candace Bever\u003c/a> rummages around in a box containing plastic containers, slides and tubes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to grab a vial here,” she says. “And my saline solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve just picked an assortment of mushrooms on a hike. One of them, a paddy straw mushroom, looks suspiciously like a specimen she’s brought along with her — Amanita phalloides, also known as the death cap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958008\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958008\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amanita phalloides (death cap) mushrooms in the wild. \u003ccite>(Candace Bever)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bever is demonstrating a simple, portable new test she’s developed with her team at the USDA’s \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.ars.usda.gov/pacific-west-area/albany-ca/wrrc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Western Regional Research Center\u003c/a> in Albany, California \u003c/span>to detect a dangerous poison known as amatoxin that’s found in some common California fungi. The test yields results in minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All you need is a rice size piece of the mushroom,” Bever says, putting samples of the death cap and the paddy straw in a pair of vials filled with saline solution. She then shakes the vials and dabs a few drops of each liquid onto the ends of two white, plastic strips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It looks a lot like a pregnancy test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few minutes, two pink lines emerge in the window of the paddy straw test strip. That’s a negative result. But only one line forms in the window of the other strip — the one with the Amanita phalloides sample.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958011\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958011\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amatoxin test equipment. \u003ccite>(Chkloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So that is a positive for amatoxins,” Bever says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bever says death cap fatalities are currently rare. According to 2018 data from the \u003ca href=\"https://aapcc.org/centers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Poison Control Center\u003c/a>, there were\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> only 76 Amanita phalloides poisoning cases reported nationwide. Around half of these required treatment at a health care facility. None resulted in death.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the death rate might rise, because Amanita phalloides is an invasive species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Its range continues to spread,” Bever says of the fungi, which was accidentally introduced from Europe into Northern California in the 1930s, and can now be found all over the state and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mushroom expert and \u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/about_bams.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Area Mycological Society\u003c/a> co-founder \u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/about_bams.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Debbie Viess\u003c/a> says it’s hard for the average person to distinguish between the harmful death cap, which has white gills and spores and a skirt, and benign lookalikes such as the paddy straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958009\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958009\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Microbiologist Candace Bever (left) and mycologist Debbie Viess pose with a paddy straw mushroom. The benign paddy straw is often mistaken for the harmful death cap. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So this could be a death cap,” she says, examining a paddy straw mushroom. “Except it has pink gills and spores and it doesn’t have a skirt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new strips also test urine — not just mushroom samples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Viess says they could help doctors and nurses figure out if amatoxin is the cause of a poisoning and quickly respond to the symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where this test is valuable is in a clinical situation, where you have somebody who’s poisoned and you don’t know what poisoned them,” Viess says. “If you can eliminate or confirm it’s amatoxin, you can save this person’s life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Existing methods for detecting amatoxins involve noxious chemicals, or require high-end equipment only found in a lab. \u003ca href=\"https://calpoison.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Poison Control\u003c/a> toxicologist Eddie Garcia says this gives the USDA’s new test strips an edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ease of use is the real advance here,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Garcia says it’ll be years before the strips are approved for medical staff to use them on patients in a hospital or doctor’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We shouldn’t jump to conclusions that this can be used in humans quite yet to detect dangerous poisoning,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strips are expected to roll out for commercial use sometime later this year under the brand name \u003ca href=\"http://amatoxtest.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amatoxtest\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to try to keep the price below $100 for three strips,” says Richard Ransom, the owner of Michigan-based Amatoxtest LLC, which is licensing the technology. “How much less will depend a bit on demand and a final cost accounting. They may end up being pretty cheap, perhaps as low as $10 or so apiece.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958010\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958010\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-800x368.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"368\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-800x368.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-160x74.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-768x353.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-1020x469.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Screenshot from one of many Facebook groups where mushroom lovers have been exchanging comments about the new amatoxin test strips. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some mushroom community members have already taken to Facebook to complain about the new test strips, fearing they might encourage careless foraging and lead to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003cspan class=\"_3l3x\">“Hooray!” wrote user Steve Moore on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/338159107306/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Georgia Mushrooming Facebook page\u003c/a> with his tongue firmly in his cheek. “I don’t have to learn all of those stupid scientific names or spend my time learning what different mushrooms look like anymore. I can just depend on a government made doohickey to keep me safe!”\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mushroom expert Debbie Viess has been participating in the discussions on social media. She defends the value of the strips for their potential clinical use. But she also says when it comes to safely identifying fungi, there’s no substitute for true knowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think you would be foolish to rely on a test rather than your eyes,” Viess says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some fungi enthusiasts might be wary of the strips, they could find a fanbase among dog lovers and veterinarians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mushroom poisoning is a canine hazard, and the new test works on dog urine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A\u003cb>\u003c/b>ny diagnostic tests available to the veterinary community are often appreciated because we don’t have the same level of resources as human medicine,” says veterinarian and researcher \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/catherine-hagan-ab8529a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Catherine Hagan\u003c/a>, who’s based in the Sacramento area, and says she has seen many dog mushroom poisoning cases in California over the years. “So when a pet comes in and you’re trying to narrow down what the problem is, any tool you have available to you that’s reliable, repeatable and affordable I think is valuable.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The USDA's test strips can detect amatoxin found in some common California mushrooms, like the lethal death cap, in a few minutes, even on the go.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a parking lot near some woods about an hour east of San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">United States Department of Agriculture\u003c/a> (USDA) research microbiologist \u003ca href=\"https://www.ars.usda.gov/people-locations/person?person-id=52565\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Candace Bever\u003c/a> rummages around in a box containing plastic containers, slides and tubes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to grab a vial here,” she says. “And my saline solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve just picked an assortment of mushrooms on a hike. One of them, a paddy straw mushroom, looks suspiciously like a specimen she’s brought along with her — Amanita phalloides, also known as the death cap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958008\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958008\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41765_death-caps-2-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amanita phalloides (death cap) mushrooms in the wild. \u003ccite>(Candace Bever)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bever is demonstrating a simple, portable new test she’s developed with her team at the USDA’s \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.ars.usda.gov/pacific-west-area/albany-ca/wrrc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Western Regional Research Center\u003c/a> in Albany, California \u003c/span>to detect a dangerous poison known as amatoxin that’s found in some common California fungi. The test yields results in minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All you need is a rice size piece of the mushroom,” Bever says, putting samples of the death cap and the paddy straw in a pair of vials filled with saline solution. She then shakes the vials and dabs a few drops of each liquid onto the ends of two white, plastic strips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It looks a lot like a pregnancy test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few minutes, two pink lines emerge in the window of the paddy straw test strip. That’s a negative result. But only one line forms in the window of the other strip — the one with the Amanita phalloides sample.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958011\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958011\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41769_testing-materials-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amatoxin test equipment. \u003ccite>(Chkloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So that is a positive for amatoxins,” Bever says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bever says death cap fatalities are currently rare. According to 2018 data from the \u003ca href=\"https://aapcc.org/centers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Poison Control Center\u003c/a>, there were\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> only 76 Amanita phalloides poisoning cases reported nationwide. Around half of these required treatment at a health care facility. None resulted in death.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the death rate might rise, because Amanita phalloides is an invasive species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Its range continues to spread,” Bever says of the fungi, which was accidentally introduced from Europe into Northern California in the 1930s, and can now be found all over the state and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mushroom expert and \u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/about_bams.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Area Mycological Society\u003c/a> co-founder \u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/about_bams.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Debbie Viess\u003c/a> says it’s hard for the average person to distinguish between the harmful death cap, which has white gills and spores and a skirt, and benign lookalikes such as the paddy straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958009\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958009\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41764_Candace-Bever-and-Debbie-Viess-with-a-paddy-straw-mushroom-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Microbiologist Candace Bever (left) and mycologist Debbie Viess pose with a paddy straw mushroom. The benign paddy straw is often mistaken for the harmful death cap. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So this could be a death cap,” she says, examining a paddy straw mushroom. “Except it has pink gills and spores and it doesn’t have a skirt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new strips also test urine — not just mushroom samples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Viess says they could help doctors and nurses figure out if amatoxin is the cause of a poisoning and quickly respond to the symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where this test is valuable is in a clinical situation, where you have somebody who’s poisoned and you don’t know what poisoned them,” Viess says. “If you can eliminate or confirm it’s amatoxin, you can save this person’s life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Existing methods for detecting amatoxins involve noxious chemicals, or require high-end equipment only found in a lab. \u003ca href=\"https://calpoison.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Poison Control\u003c/a> toxicologist Eddie Garcia says this gives the USDA’s new test strips an edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ease of use is the real advance here,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Garcia says it’ll be years before the strips are approved for medical staff to use them on patients in a hospital or doctor’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We shouldn’t jump to conclusions that this can be used in humans quite yet to detect dangerous poisoning,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strips are expected to roll out for commercial use sometime later this year under the brand name \u003ca href=\"http://amatoxtest.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amatoxtest\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to try to keep the price below $100 for three strips,” says Richard Ransom, the owner of Michigan-based Amatoxtest LLC, which is licensing the technology. “How much less will depend a bit on demand and a final cost accounting. They may end up being pretty cheap, perhaps as low as $10 or so apiece.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958010\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958010\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-800x368.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"368\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-800x368.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-160x74.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-768x353.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut-1020x469.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/RS41767_facebook-shot-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Screenshot from one of many Facebook groups where mushroom lovers have been exchanging comments about the new amatoxin test strips. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some mushroom community members have already taken to Facebook to complain about the new test strips, fearing they might encourage careless foraging and lead to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003cspan class=\"_3l3x\">“Hooray!” wrote user Steve Moore on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/338159107306/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Georgia Mushrooming Facebook page\u003c/a> with his tongue firmly in his cheek. “I don’t have to learn all of those stupid scientific names or spend my time learning what different mushrooms look like anymore. I can just depend on a government made doohickey to keep me safe!”\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mushroom expert Debbie Viess has been participating in the discussions on social media. She defends the value of the strips for their potential clinical use. But she also says when it comes to safely identifying fungi, there’s no substitute for true knowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think you would be foolish to rely on a test rather than your eyes,” Viess says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some fungi enthusiasts might be wary of the strips, they could find a fanbase among dog lovers and veterinarians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mushroom poisoning is a canine hazard, and the new test works on dog urine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A\u003cb>\u003c/b>ny diagnostic tests available to the veterinary community are often appreciated because we don’t have the same level of resources as human medicine,” says veterinarian and researcher \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/catherine-hagan-ab8529a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Catherine Hagan\u003c/a>, who’s based in the Sacramento area, and says she has seen many dog mushroom poisoning cases in California over the years. “So when a pet comes in and you’re trying to narrow down what the problem is, any tool you have available to you that’s reliable, repeatable and affordable I think is valuable.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Coronavirus: As Cases in California Climb, Newsom Addresses Testing Concerns",
"headTitle": "Coronavirus: As Cases in California Climb, Newsom Addresses Testing Concerns | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">In a wide-ranging press conference, G\u003c/span>ov. Gavin Newsom said that 157 people in California have now tested positive for the new coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CAgovernor/status/1237478493681676288?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor also detailed the latest steps California is taking to ramp up testing, implement social distancing guidance, and prepare for school closures, while processing passengers from the Grand Princess cruise \u003cspan class=\"s1\">— \u003c/span> 21 of whom are confirmed to have COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘They Owe Their Fanbase an Answer…’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also took a shot at major sports organizations for continuing to pack stadiums full of fans during the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I found it quite curious that the four major organizations — NHL, soccer, Major League Baseball, and the NBA — put out guidelines to protect their athletes but not their fans,” he said. “They owe their fanbase an answer as to why it’s more important to keep reporters away from players in their locker rooms than keeping fans in highly contagious parts of the country together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NHL’s San Jose Sharks said Monday night that the team would comply with Santa Clara County’s new prohibition on events of 1,000 or more people, but that is a ban enforceable by law. The Golden State Warriors decided to go ahead with their game against the Philadelphia 76ers at Chase Center in San Francisco on Saturday, despite the San Francisco Department of Public Health’s recommendation that sporting events and other large gatherings be canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/new-york-sending-in-national-guard-to-control-virus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced\u003c/a> Tuesday that it was sending the National Guard into a suburb to help fight what could be the largest cluster of coronavirus cases in the U.S. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In answer to a reporter’s question as to whether Newsom was thinking of doing the same in Santa Clara County, which has the most confirmed cases in the state, he responded, “We are not there yet.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Newsom applauded the county for issuing an order prohibiting mass gatherings of 1,000 or more people. He emphasized that the spread of the virus in that part of the South Bay is acute.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He didn’t recommend that other communities take similar measures, which are the strongest in the state. But he said some would surely do so eventually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“I think it is inevitable, you will hear more from other counties doing the same,” he said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Newsom also addressed a criticism from medical professionals that the state hasn’t yet tested enough people for COVID-19. Experts say that without rigorous testing, they cannot discern everywhere that the virus is spreading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the state has evaluated 1,075 people and will be expanding its testing regime over the course of the next two weeks. “Testing is top of mind in California,” he said, while acknowledging California currently has a backlog of 180 to 200 tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">There are 18 public labs currently processing new-coronavirus tests, with another one coming online soon, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quest Diagnostics, a national testing chain, can now test for the virus at a lab in San Juan Capistrano, Newsom said. The lab conducted about 100 tests yesterday and will be able to process 1,200 once it is fully operational.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quest is scaling up two other testing locations, and Newsom said the company will be able to process between 5,000 and 5,500 tests a day by March 24.\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"s4\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s5\">The governor also gave an update on the the Grand Princess cruise ship, which docked in Oakland Monday. Health officials continued to process passengers from the ship. So far, officials have transported 269 passengers off the boat; 171 were sent on buses to Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield, Newsom said. .\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said those individuals most in need of medical attention are being processed first, followed by Californians, non-Californians and finally the ship’s crew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jon Brooks contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The governor also detailed the latest steps California is taking to ramp up testing, implement social distancing guidance, and prepare for school closures, while processing passengers from the Grand Princess cruise \u003cspan class=\"s1\">— \u003c/span> 21 of whom are confirmed to have COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘They Owe Their Fanbase an Answer…’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also took a shot at major sports organizations for continuing to pack stadiums full of fans during the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I found it quite curious that the four major organizations — NHL, soccer, Major League Baseball, and the NBA — put out guidelines to protect their athletes but not their fans,” he said. “They owe their fanbase an answer as to why it’s more important to keep reporters away from players in their locker rooms than keeping fans in highly contagious parts of the country together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NHL’s San Jose Sharks said Monday night that the team would comply with Santa Clara County’s new prohibition on events of 1,000 or more people, but that is a ban enforceable by law. The Golden State Warriors decided to go ahead with their game against the Philadelphia 76ers at Chase Center in San Francisco on Saturday, despite the San Francisco Department of Public Health’s recommendation that sporting events and other large gatherings be canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/new-york-sending-in-national-guard-to-control-virus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced\u003c/a> Tuesday that it was sending the National Guard into a suburb to help fight what could be the largest cluster of coronavirus cases in the U.S. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In answer to a reporter’s question as to whether Newsom was thinking of doing the same in Santa Clara County, which has the most confirmed cases in the state, he responded, “We are not there yet.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Newsom applauded the county for issuing an order prohibiting mass gatherings of 1,000 or more people. He emphasized that the spread of the virus in that part of the South Bay is acute.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He didn’t recommend that other communities take similar measures, which are the strongest in the state. But he said some would surely do so eventually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“I think it is inevitable, you will hear more from other counties doing the same,” he said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Newsom also addressed a criticism from medical professionals that the state hasn’t yet tested enough people for COVID-19. Experts say that without rigorous testing, they cannot discern everywhere that the virus is spreading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the state has evaluated 1,075 people and will be expanding its testing regime over the course of the next two weeks. “Testing is top of mind in California,” he said, while acknowledging California currently has a backlog of 180 to 200 tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">There are 18 public labs currently processing new-coronavirus tests, with another one coming online soon, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quest Diagnostics, a national testing chain, can now test for the virus at a lab in San Juan Capistrano, Newsom said. The lab conducted about 100 tests yesterday and will be able to process 1,200 once it is fully operational.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quest is scaling up two other testing locations, and Newsom said the company will be able to process between 5,000 and 5,500 tests a day by March 24.\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"s4\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s5\">The governor also gave an update on the the Grand Princess cruise ship, which docked in Oakland Monday. Health officials continued to process passengers from the ship. So far, officials have transported 269 passengers off the boat; 171 were sent on buses to Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield, Newsom said. .\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said those individuals most in need of medical attention are being processed first, followed by Californians, non-Californians and finally the ship’s crew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jon Brooks contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Coronavirus: Sacramento County Gives Up on Automatic 14-Day Quarantines",
"headTitle": "Coronavirus: Sacramento County Gives Up on Automatic 14-Day Quarantines | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>California’s Sacramento County is calling off automatic 14-day quarantines that have been implemented for the coronavirus, saying it will focus instead on mitigating the impact of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change is an acknowledgement that the county cannot effectively manage the quarantines while its health system copes with coronavirus cases. It also reflects problems with the U.S. government’s coronavirus testing program — issues that slowed efforts to identify people with the deadly virus and to contain COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the shift from containment to mitigation, it is no longer necessary for someone who has been in contact with someone with COVID-19 to quarantine for 14 days,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.saccounty.net/news/latest-news/Pages/County-Announces-New-Mitigation-Efforts-COVID-19.aspx\">the county says\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effective immediately, people in Sacramento County should not quarantine themselves if they’ve been exposed to the COVID-19. Instead, they should go into isolation only if they begin to show symptoms of the respiratory virus, the county’s health department says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento County has at least 10 coronavirus cases, including one person who recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decisions on how to try to contain and control the coronavirus have largely been left to state and local officials, rather than those at the federal level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The decision of what steps to implement will be local,” Dr. Nancy Messonnier, director of the CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/t0303-COVID-19-update.html\">said last week\u003c/a>. She added, “CDC’s role is to provide technical advice to states and counties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento’s new policy is similar to the approach in King County, Wash., which now has 116 coronavirus cases and 20 COVID-19 deaths. The county health department’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kingcounty.gov/depts/health/communicable-diseases/disease-control/novel-coronavirus/protection.aspx\">page of recommendations\u003c/a> for dealing with the virus doesn’t mention quarantines at all. Instead, it advises people to stay at home if they’re sick and to limit chances for the virus to spread by taking precautions such as teleworking and practicing excellent hygiene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you get a certain number of cases, it’s hard to continue to contact-trace back the way you tried originally,” Dr. Peter Beilenson, head of Sacramento County’s Department of Health Services, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/article241047391.html\">told The Sacramento Bee\u003c/a>. “So we move to mitigation, which is basically trying to mitigate the risk to those who are most at risk: the elderly and those with chronic underlying conditions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such policies can also reduce the toll on health care providers and first responders who might otherwise be compelled to self-quarantine if they have been exposed to someone who has been diagnosed with the coronavirus. Without those medical workers on the front lines, the broader response could be hobbled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California and Washington state emerged as the first hot spots for the coronavirus in the U.S., which currently has more than 760 cases. Both states have reported cases of community spread, in which an infected person has no history of travel to affected areas or exposure to someone known to have the COVID-19 illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento County includes the University of California, Davis Medical Center, the facility that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/02/27/809944423/diagnosis-of-coronavirus-patient-in-california-was-delayed-for-days\">housed the first U.S. case\u003c/a> of novel coronavirus infection through community spread. The patient was left undiagnosed for days because, according to the hospital, a request for testing wasn’t granted on the grounds that the person didn’t fit official criteria, which at the time included international travel. That criteria was quickly revised — but \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/03/09/813557328/scarcity-of-health-workers-a-new-concern-as-self-quarantining-spreads-with-virus\">36 nurses and roughly 188 other hospital workers\u003c/a> were sent into self-quarantine for 14 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Messionier and other CDC officials say the U.S. response to the coronavirus won’t be one-size-fits-all, with varying methods used in different parts of the country. In large part, they say, that’s because the effort must adapt in areas where there has been community spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when an agency emphasizes mitigation over containment, Messionier said \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/a0309-covid-19-update.html\">during a briefing on Monday\u003c/a>, there’s no “on-off switch.” In many cases, she added, the local response will be a hybrid of the two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Seattle and in California, they haven’t stopped entirely contact tracing, but they have started mitigation,” Messionier noted. “And I think that you will likely see local health departments deciding when there is community spread to start turning on more of the mitigation measures, even while they’re still doing some level of contact tracing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Messionier said she expects to see more agencies adopt similar approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You will see, I think, lots more communities starting to implement some kind of mitigation measures when they’re seeing community spread. It will look different in different places. And that’s why it’s really important for folks to stay informed of what’s going on in their local area and to follow their advice of the local health department.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Coronavirus symptoms and prevention\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent the coronavirus from spreading, the CDC recommends washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or using a hand sanitizer if a sink isn’t available. The World Health Organization says people should wear face masks only if they’re sick or caring for someone who is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For most people, COVID-19 infection will cause mild illness; however, it can make some people very ill and, in some people, it can be fatal,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf\">the WHO says\u003c/a>. “Older people, and those with pre-existing medical conditions (such as cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease or diabetes) are at risk for severe disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most common symptoms of COVID-19, according to a recent WHO report that draws on more than 70,000 cases in China: fever (in 88% of cases); dry cough (68%); fatigue (38%); sputum/phlegm production (33%).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortness of breath occurred in nearly 20% of cases, and about 13% had a sore throat or headache, the WHO said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus%3A+Sacramento+County+Gives+Up+On+Automatic+14-Day+Quarantines&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s Sacramento County is calling off automatic 14-day quarantines that have been implemented for the coronavirus, saying it will focus instead on mitigating the impact of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change is an acknowledgement that the county cannot effectively manage the quarantines while its health system copes with coronavirus cases. It also reflects problems with the U.S. government’s coronavirus testing program — issues that slowed efforts to identify people with the deadly virus and to contain COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the shift from containment to mitigation, it is no longer necessary for someone who has been in contact with someone with COVID-19 to quarantine for 14 days,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.saccounty.net/news/latest-news/Pages/County-Announces-New-Mitigation-Efforts-COVID-19.aspx\">the county says\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effective immediately, people in Sacramento County should not quarantine themselves if they’ve been exposed to the COVID-19. Instead, they should go into isolation only if they begin to show symptoms of the respiratory virus, the county’s health department says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento County has at least 10 coronavirus cases, including one person who recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decisions on how to try to contain and control the coronavirus have largely been left to state and local officials, rather than those at the federal level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The decision of what steps to implement will be local,” Dr. Nancy Messonnier, director of the CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/t0303-COVID-19-update.html\">said last week\u003c/a>. She added, “CDC’s role is to provide technical advice to states and counties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento’s new policy is similar to the approach in King County, Wash., which now has 116 coronavirus cases and 20 COVID-19 deaths. The county health department’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kingcounty.gov/depts/health/communicable-diseases/disease-control/novel-coronavirus/protection.aspx\">page of recommendations\u003c/a> for dealing with the virus doesn’t mention quarantines at all. Instead, it advises people to stay at home if they’re sick and to limit chances for the virus to spread by taking precautions such as teleworking and practicing excellent hygiene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you get a certain number of cases, it’s hard to continue to contact-trace back the way you tried originally,” Dr. Peter Beilenson, head of Sacramento County’s Department of Health Services, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/article241047391.html\">told The Sacramento Bee\u003c/a>. “So we move to mitigation, which is basically trying to mitigate the risk to those who are most at risk: the elderly and those with chronic underlying conditions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such policies can also reduce the toll on health care providers and first responders who might otherwise be compelled to self-quarantine if they have been exposed to someone who has been diagnosed with the coronavirus. Without those medical workers on the front lines, the broader response could be hobbled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California and Washington state emerged as the first hot spots for the coronavirus in the U.S., which currently has more than 760 cases. Both states have reported cases of community spread, in which an infected person has no history of travel to affected areas or exposure to someone known to have the COVID-19 illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento County includes the University of California, Davis Medical Center, the facility that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/02/27/809944423/diagnosis-of-coronavirus-patient-in-california-was-delayed-for-days\">housed the first U.S. case\u003c/a> of novel coronavirus infection through community spread. The patient was left undiagnosed for days because, according to the hospital, a request for testing wasn’t granted on the grounds that the person didn’t fit official criteria, which at the time included international travel. That criteria was quickly revised — but \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/03/09/813557328/scarcity-of-health-workers-a-new-concern-as-self-quarantining-spreads-with-virus\">36 nurses and roughly 188 other hospital workers\u003c/a> were sent into self-quarantine for 14 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Messionier and other CDC officials say the U.S. response to the coronavirus won’t be one-size-fits-all, with varying methods used in different parts of the country. In large part, they say, that’s because the effort must adapt in areas where there has been community spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when an agency emphasizes mitigation over containment, Messionier said \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/a0309-covid-19-update.html\">during a briefing on Monday\u003c/a>, there’s no “on-off switch.” In many cases, she added, the local response will be a hybrid of the two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Seattle and in California, they haven’t stopped entirely contact tracing, but they have started mitigation,” Messionier noted. “And I think that you will likely see local health departments deciding when there is community spread to start turning on more of the mitigation measures, even while they’re still doing some level of contact tracing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Messionier said she expects to see more agencies adopt similar approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You will see, I think, lots more communities starting to implement some kind of mitigation measures when they’re seeing community spread. It will look different in different places. And that’s why it’s really important for folks to stay informed of what’s going on in their local area and to follow their advice of the local health department.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Coronavirus symptoms and prevention\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent the coronavirus from spreading, the CDC recommends washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or using a hand sanitizer if a sink isn’t available. The World Health Organization says people should wear face masks only if they’re sick or caring for someone who is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For most people, COVID-19 infection will cause mild illness; however, it can make some people very ill and, in some people, it can be fatal,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf\">the WHO says\u003c/a>. “Older people, and those with pre-existing medical conditions (such as cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease or diabetes) are at risk for severe disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most common symptoms of COVID-19, according to a recent WHO report that draws on more than 70,000 cases in China: fever (in 88% of cases); dry cough (68%); fatigue (38%); sputum/phlegm production (33%).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortness of breath occurred in nearly 20% of cases, and about 13% had a sore throat or headache, the WHO said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Coronavirus%3A+Sacramento+County+Gives+Up+On+Automatic+14-Day+Quarantines&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "What’s It Like to Be in Quarantine With the Coronavirus? Meet Carl, 34 Days & Counting",
"headTitle": "What’s It Like to Be in Quarantine With the Coronavirus? Meet Carl, 34 Days & Counting | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>When Carl Goldman bought his wife, Jeri, a 16-day cruise to Southeast Asia for Christmas, he never imagined the trip would end with the two in quarantine and him testing positive for a new, potentially deadly virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple, who own and operate Santa Clarita, Calif., radio station \u003ca href=\"https://www.hometownstation.com/\">KHTS\u003c/a>, left for Japan on January 17\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A few days later, they boarded the Diamond Princess cruise liner with a few close friends and around 3,500 other passengers. Carl says the first few weeks of the trip went off without a hitch, but things went sideways on the last day.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“After we’d already packed our suitcases, we learned that a passenger had exited the ship in Hong Kong and four days later came down with the coronavirus, COVID-19,” Carl said.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Diamond Princess docked in Yokohama, Japan, and a 14-day quarantine ensued. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl and Jeri were instructed to remain in their cabin until further notice.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My wife and I have been married 29 years,” he said. “We realized this was going to be the ultimate test of our relationship.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl, who began \u003ca href=\"https://www.hometownstation.com/home-town-station/carl-goldman-coronavirus-journals-316093\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">blogging\u003c/a> about the experience while in quarantine on the Diamond Princess, credits the couple’s larger suite and attached balcony with taking the edge off the confinement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although the Goldmans felt healthy in their cabin on the ship, they kept hearing reports of passengers falling ill. One of their friends tested positive and was taken to a hospital in Japan, though her worst symptoms subsided after a few days.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 700 people from the cruise eventually tested positive for novel coronavirus, and seven passengers have died. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl and Jeri left the Diamond Princess a few days before the quarantine was lifted. The U.S. State Department flew the couple on a cargo plane with around 150 others to Travis Air Force Base, east of Fairfield in Solano County.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Not So Fast…\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But that’s not where Carl’s experience with coronavirus ended. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While on board the flight, he started to feel sick.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When we got on the plane, I fell asleep next to my wife. Two hours later, [I] woke up with a 103-plus fever,” he said. Air Force medical personnel wearing hazmat suits moved Carl to a quarantined area of the plane with other sick passengers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958503\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958503\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-800x897.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"897\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-800x897.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-160x179.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-768x861.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-1020x1144.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-1920x2153.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doctors bring Carl Goldman the results of his COVID-19 virus tests on sticky notes each day. He needs three consecutive days of negative tests before he can be released from quarantine. \u003ccite>(KHTS Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">By the time they landed in California, Carl says his fever had broken, but his body was worn out, “feeling like it had been punched a few times.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Instead of remaining at Travis, Carl, his wife and about a dozen others were flow to a biocontainment center in Omaha, Nebraska. Carl learned the facility was created by the CDC during an anthrax scare after Sept. 11. That crisis never arrived, but the facility was used for the 2014 Ebola outbreak and now for the new coronavirus.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s where Carl found out he tested positive for the virus that causes COVID-19. He has been in Omaha since Feb. 17, passing the hours in quarantine. His wife, Jeri, never became infected.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl describes the biocontainment area like a scene from movies like “Outbreak” or “Contagion.” In his room he was hooked up to all sorts of monitors and had video cameras on him at all times. Double-pane glass looked down a hallway and his main communications with medical staff were through a two-way video screen. When doctors and nurses entered his room, they wore\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> protective suits.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Birthday in Biocontainment\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in isolation, Carl celebrated his 67th birthday. The medical staff delivered him birthday cake — the candle remained unlit due to regulations — and sang “Happy Birthday” through the two-way monitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just kind of funny,” Carl said. “Who would’ve thought my 67th birthday would’ve been in the biocontainment center in Omaha?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the ordeal, Carl says he’s kept his sense of humor and good spirits. His fever hasn’t returned, and he just has a lingering dry cough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958365\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1958365\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/carl-birthday-cake-coronavirus-022020-768x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/carl-birthday-cake-coronavirus-022020-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/carl-birthday-cake-coronavirus-022020-768x576-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carl Goldman celebrated his 67th birthday at a biocontainment unit in Omaha, Nebraska. Picture here, a slice of birthday cake from Carl’s medical team. \u003ccite>(KHTS Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is out of my control. I’ve kept a positive attitude about this, making lemonade out of lemons,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On his 10\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">th\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> day in Omaha, Carl was released from the biocontainment area and brought by ambulance to a dorm-like building, where he’ll stay quarantined until he tests negative for the virus for three consecutive days. The test comprises getting \u003c/span>swabbed daily in the nose and throat. He’s also volunteering to get tested under his eyelids and rectally for a clinical study. “I’m taking one for the team,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, Carl is \u003ca href=\"https://www.hometownstation.com/santa-clarita-news/editorials/33-days-in-coronavirus-covid-19-quarantine-carl-goldman-continues-chronicles-part-24-316744\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">still testing positive\u003c/a>, 33 days into his COVID-19 quarantine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Passing the Time With Music, Steps and Steak\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While he waits to be released, Carl fills his hours keeping up with his blog, staying on top of work for the radio station and FaceTiming with his wife, who was eventually released and is now back in California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After being sick, he’s back up to logging 10,000 steps a day. In his current room, he says, it takes 14 steps to walk across to the opposite wall. He paces back and forth “like a lion in a cage.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I don’t complain because when I was in the biocontainment center, I could do only seven steps before I hit the wall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl, a career broadcaster, has also been listening to music. His coronavirus playlist includes Steely Dan, The Beatles’ “White Album,” Blood Sweat & Tears, and “Folsom Prison Blues” by Johnny Cash.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl says nearly everyone has been overwhelmingly supportive of his situation. Omaha Steaks even delivered “the most delicious steak” after hearing his story. Still, Carl says he and some of his fellow passengers have received death threats, and after returning to Southern California, his wife was refused entrance to a nail salon.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl says he hopes people can stay calm and informed during the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s been following the latest news and reports of another cruise ship, the Grand Princess, currently docked at the Port of Oakland with 21 cases of novel coronavirus aboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He can relate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those passengers are probably going to have to go through the same routine that we went through,” Carl said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Carl Goldman bought his wife, Jeri, a 16-day cruise to Southeast Asia for Christmas, he never imagined the trip would end with the two in quarantine and him testing positive for a new, potentially deadly virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple, who own and operate Santa Clarita, Calif., radio station \u003ca href=\"https://www.hometownstation.com/\">KHTS\u003c/a>, left for Japan on January 17\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A few days later, they boarded the Diamond Princess cruise liner with a few close friends and around 3,500 other passengers. Carl says the first few weeks of the trip went off without a hitch, but things went sideways on the last day.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“After we’d already packed our suitcases, we learned that a passenger had exited the ship in Hong Kong and four days later came down with the coronavirus, COVID-19,” Carl said.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Diamond Princess docked in Yokohama, Japan, and a 14-day quarantine ensued. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl and Jeri were instructed to remain in their cabin until further notice.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My wife and I have been married 29 years,” he said. “We realized this was going to be the ultimate test of our relationship.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl, who began \u003ca href=\"https://www.hometownstation.com/home-town-station/carl-goldman-coronavirus-journals-316093\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">blogging\u003c/a> about the experience while in quarantine on the Diamond Princess, credits the couple’s larger suite and attached balcony with taking the edge off the confinement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although the Goldmans felt healthy in their cabin on the ship, they kept hearing reports of passengers falling ill. One of their friends tested positive and was taken to a hospital in Japan, though her worst symptoms subsided after a few days.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 700 people from the cruise eventually tested positive for novel coronavirus, and seven passengers have died. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl and Jeri left the Diamond Princess a few days before the quarantine was lifted. The U.S. State Department flew the couple on a cargo plane with around 150 others to Travis Air Force Base, east of Fairfield in Solano County.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Not So Fast…\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But that’s not where Carl’s experience with coronavirus ended. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While on board the flight, he started to feel sick.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When we got on the plane, I fell asleep next to my wife. Two hours later, [I] woke up with a 103-plus fever,” he said. Air Force medical personnel wearing hazmat suits moved Carl to a quarantined area of the plane with other sick passengers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958503\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1958503\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-800x897.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"897\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-800x897.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-160x179.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-768x861.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-1020x1144.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Carl_Coronavirus_Post-Its-e1583860745672-1920x2153.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doctors bring Carl Goldman the results of his COVID-19 virus tests on sticky notes each day. He needs three consecutive days of negative tests before he can be released from quarantine. \u003ccite>(KHTS Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">By the time they landed in California, Carl says his fever had broken, but his body was worn out, “feeling like it had been punched a few times.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Instead of remaining at Travis, Carl, his wife and about a dozen others were flow to a biocontainment center in Omaha, Nebraska. Carl learned the facility was created by the CDC during an anthrax scare after Sept. 11. That crisis never arrived, but the facility was used for the 2014 Ebola outbreak and now for the new coronavirus.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s where Carl found out he tested positive for the virus that causes COVID-19. He has been in Omaha since Feb. 17, passing the hours in quarantine. His wife, Jeri, never became infected.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl describes the biocontainment area like a scene from movies like “Outbreak” or “Contagion.” In his room he was hooked up to all sorts of monitors and had video cameras on him at all times. Double-pane glass looked down a hallway and his main communications with medical staff were through a two-way video screen. When doctors and nurses entered his room, they wore\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> protective suits.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Birthday in Biocontainment\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in isolation, Carl celebrated his 67th birthday. The medical staff delivered him birthday cake — the candle remained unlit due to regulations — and sang “Happy Birthday” through the two-way monitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just kind of funny,” Carl said. “Who would’ve thought my 67th birthday would’ve been in the biocontainment center in Omaha?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the ordeal, Carl says he’s kept his sense of humor and good spirits. His fever hasn’t returned, and he just has a lingering dry cough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1958365\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1958365\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/carl-birthday-cake-coronavirus-022020-768x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/carl-birthday-cake-coronavirus-022020-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/carl-birthday-cake-coronavirus-022020-768x576-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carl Goldman celebrated his 67th birthday at a biocontainment unit in Omaha, Nebraska. Picture here, a slice of birthday cake from Carl’s medical team. \u003ccite>(KHTS Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is out of my control. I’ve kept a positive attitude about this, making lemonade out of lemons,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On his 10\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">th\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> day in Omaha, Carl was released from the biocontainment area and brought by ambulance to a dorm-like building, where he’ll stay quarantined until he tests negative for the virus for three consecutive days. The test comprises getting \u003c/span>swabbed daily in the nose and throat. He’s also volunteering to get tested under his eyelids and rectally for a clinical study. “I’m taking one for the team,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, Carl is \u003ca href=\"https://www.hometownstation.com/santa-clarita-news/editorials/33-days-in-coronavirus-covid-19-quarantine-carl-goldman-continues-chronicles-part-24-316744\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">still testing positive\u003c/a>, 33 days into his COVID-19 quarantine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Passing the Time With Music, Steps and Steak\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While he waits to be released, Carl fills his hours keeping up with his blog, staying on top of work for the radio station and FaceTiming with his wife, who was eventually released and is now back in California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After being sick, he’s back up to logging 10,000 steps a day. In his current room, he says, it takes 14 steps to walk across to the opposite wall. He paces back and forth “like a lion in a cage.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I don’t complain because when I was in the biocontainment center, I could do only seven steps before I hit the wall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl, a career broadcaster, has also been listening to music. His coronavirus playlist includes Steely Dan, The Beatles’ “White Album,” Blood Sweat & Tears, and “Folsom Prison Blues” by Johnny Cash.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carl says nearly everyone has been overwhelmingly supportive of his situation. Omaha Steaks even delivered “the most delicious steak” after hearing his story. Still, Carl says he and some of his fellow passengers have received death threats, and after returning to Southern California, his wife was refused entrance to a nail salon.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl says he hopes people can stay calm and informed during the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s been following the latest news and reports of another cruise ship, the Grand Princess, currently docked at the Port of Oakland with 21 cases of novel coronavirus aboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He can relate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those passengers are probably going to have to go through the same routine that we went through,” Carl said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]Spring is here, and with it, the start of flea season. With the warming weather, people and their pets are spending more time outside — which increases the chances of bringing home a hungry “itch hiker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While pet owners curse the tiny insects and look for a way to rid them from their homes, it turns out fleas actually perform some remarkable athletic feats, like jumping 50 times their height — the equivalent of a human jumping 300 feet — or leaping so fast that they take off 100 times faster than the blink of an eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No larger than a sesame seed and flattened side to side, fleas can slip through fur with ease. But what makes them really elusive is their jump. It’s so fast they seem to simply vanish and reappear somewhere else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s there and then it’s gone,” said Gregory Sutton, a professor of biomechanics at the University of Lincoln in the United Kingdom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957981\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaJumpOutside.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1957981 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaJumpOutside.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An adult cat flea needs to get onto its host in order to feed and find a mate. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sutton uses high-speed cameras and magnifying lenses to research how fleas are able to do their age-old disappearing tricks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/icb/article/59/6/1609/5545545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">In one recent study\u003c/a>, Sutton found that the way different animals jump is apparently not one size fits all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fleas are ridiculously fast jumpers. Sutton found that a flea could complete its takeoff in as little as one millisecond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adult fleas use that fast jump to get away from danger, but also to leap onto their furry or feathered hosts. Once they’re aboard, fleas use their sharp tube-shaped proboscis, called a stylet, to pierce the skin and suck the host’s blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957982\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaBiteHuman.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957982\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaBiteHuman.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fleas filter out and excrete water from the blood as they are feeding to make more space in their digestive tract for more blood. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Once both males and female fleas feed, they mate and the females lay eggs. Unlike with other pests like lice, flea eggs don’t stick to fur. Instead, they fall from the host’s fur, typically into its bedding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But eggs aren’t the only things adult fleas create. They’re also prodigious poopers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eggs and flea poop combination are found deep in the pet’s fur, or on its bedding. It’s easy to find with a flea comb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957985\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaComb.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957985\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaComb.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cat fleas like this one caught in a flea comb, are the most common type of flea to find on pets in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People call it salt and pepper,” said William Donahue, an entomologist, and owner of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sierraresearchlaboratories.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sierra Research Laboratories\u003c/a> in Modesto, where he evaluates treatments against fleas and other pests. “It will be the dark black fecal spots, plus the white pearlescent eggs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eggs and poop fall out of the host’s fur when it moves. It’s especially common to find them in the pet’s bedding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957986\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_DogFleaHatch.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957986\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_DogFleaHatch.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Larval fleas may wait to hatch until they sense the arrival of a potential host animal. \u003ccite>(Bayer Animal Health; SungShik Shin, Chonnam National University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They’re not on the surface of hardwood floors or tiles or anything like that,” Sutton said. “They fall into the pet’s bedding, and there’s usually a microclimate in there with higher humidity, which is conducive to them surviving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few days, the eggs hatch and the nearly microscopic larvae wiggle out. They look like hairy white worms the size of a piece of dust. The larvae spend weeks crawling around the bedding, or nest in the case of many birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larvae feed on whatever organic matter they can find. But their favorite food comes from their parents. Adult flea poop is just semi-digested blood and it tends to fall in the same places as the eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957987\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaEatPoop.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957987\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaEatPoop.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flea larva feeds on the dark-colored feces of an adult flea. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After a lot of gorging and growing, the wiggling larva encases itself in a cocoon. A couple of days later, the adult flea emerges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing it needs to do is find a host to hitch a ride on. That’s where the flea’s spectacular jump comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fleas can jump over fifty times their own height. They need to accelerate very quickly to launch themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’ve got short little legs,” Sutton said. “So the fleas don’t have a lot of time to accelerate before they leave the ground.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might think fleas have special muscles in their legs that allow them to jump extra fast. Not so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at the muscles in these guys,” Sutton said, “it just looks like normal muscles, and muscles can only move so quickly. So they need something to amplify the power output.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they have is a spring. But it’s not like the coiled metal spring that might first come to mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I say spring, I mean something that is storing and releasing mechanical energy in a recoil,” Sutton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957988\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_Sutton_JumpMontage.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957988\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_Sutton_JumpMontage.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sutton chose to work with hedgehog fleas because they don’t bite people. \u003ccite>(Gregory Sutton, University of Lincoln, UK)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Adult fleas use their muscles to store energy by bending a part of their exoskeleton called the pleural arch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, it’s their metaphorical rib cage,” Sutton said. “It’s the part of the flea’s body that would be closest to the human rib cage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the flea releases the bending, its exoskeleton snaps back into its original shape extremely quickly. The energy from that recoil gets transmitted through the flea’s tiny body into its oversized rear legs which push off the ground, sending the flea soaring into the air. Larger animals like dogs and cats have longer legs, and they power their jumps with muscles alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutton likened the flea’s jump to firing a bow. An archer uses the muscles in his or her arm to load energy into a bow, which is released very suddenly, and transferred into the lightweight arrow very quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for something heavier like a spear, humans wouldn’t use a bow, and instead would use muscles in their arm and shoulder to heave the heavier object directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two different systems seem to meet in animals around the size of a frog, with some smaller, quicker-jumping frogs using the spring system like the flea, and larger frogs, like bullfrogs, using muscles like a cat or dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutton studies animal jumps in the hope that his findings will help the development of jumping robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things that the insects do better now than robots is generating jumps,” he said. “The jumps of small insects are much faster and more controlled than the jumps of equivalently sized robots. And insects can jump in preparation for flight. That’s incredibly useful as well, that we’re trying to figure out how to get robots to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just to keep the record straight, while they are among the fastest animal jumpers, fleas did not top Sutton’s list. Froghoppers, also called spittlebugs, took the top spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Froghoppers are the fastest of the insect jumpers, but they live on plants and they’re actually spectacularly terrified of us so we don’t see them very often and don’t notice them,” said Sutton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We usually don’t think about things in nature moving that quickly. So that’s why I love them, said Sutton. “They just go fast.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Spring is here, and with it, the start of flea season. With the warming weather, people and their pets are spending more time outside — which increases the chances of bringing home a hungry “itch hiker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While pet owners curse the tiny insects and look for a way to rid them from their homes, it turns out fleas actually perform some remarkable athletic feats, like jumping 50 times their height — the equivalent of a human jumping 300 feet — or leaping so fast that they take off 100 times faster than the blink of an eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No larger than a sesame seed and flattened side to side, fleas can slip through fur with ease. But what makes them really elusive is their jump. It’s so fast they seem to simply vanish and reappear somewhere else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s there and then it’s gone,” said Gregory Sutton, a professor of biomechanics at the University of Lincoln in the United Kingdom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957981\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaJumpOutside.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1957981 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaJumpOutside.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An adult cat flea needs to get onto its host in order to feed and find a mate. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sutton uses high-speed cameras and magnifying lenses to research how fleas are able to do their age-old disappearing tricks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/icb/article/59/6/1609/5545545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">In one recent study\u003c/a>, Sutton found that the way different animals jump is apparently not one size fits all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fleas are ridiculously fast jumpers. Sutton found that a flea could complete its takeoff in as little as one millisecond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adult fleas use that fast jump to get away from danger, but also to leap onto their furry or feathered hosts. Once they’re aboard, fleas use their sharp tube-shaped proboscis, called a stylet, to pierce the skin and suck the host’s blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957982\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaBiteHuman.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957982\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaBiteHuman.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fleas filter out and excrete water from the blood as they are feeding to make more space in their digestive tract for more blood. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Once both males and female fleas feed, they mate and the females lay eggs. Unlike with other pests like lice, flea eggs don’t stick to fur. Instead, they fall from the host’s fur, typically into its bedding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But eggs aren’t the only things adult fleas create. They’re also prodigious poopers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eggs and flea poop combination are found deep in the pet’s fur, or on its bedding. It’s easy to find with a flea comb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957985\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaComb.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957985\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaComb.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cat fleas like this one caught in a flea comb, are the most common type of flea to find on pets in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People call it salt and pepper,” said William Donahue, an entomologist, and owner of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sierraresearchlaboratories.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sierra Research Laboratories\u003c/a> in Modesto, where he evaluates treatments against fleas and other pests. “It will be the dark black fecal spots, plus the white pearlescent eggs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eggs and poop fall out of the host’s fur when it moves. It’s especially common to find them in the pet’s bedding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957986\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_DogFleaHatch.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957986\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_DogFleaHatch.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Larval fleas may wait to hatch until they sense the arrival of a potential host animal. \u003ccite>(Bayer Animal Health; SungShik Shin, Chonnam National University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They’re not on the surface of hardwood floors or tiles or anything like that,” Sutton said. “They fall into the pet’s bedding, and there’s usually a microclimate in there with higher humidity, which is conducive to them surviving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few days, the eggs hatch and the nearly microscopic larvae wiggle out. They look like hairy white worms the size of a piece of dust. The larvae spend weeks crawling around the bedding, or nest in the case of many birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larvae feed on whatever organic matter they can find. But their favorite food comes from their parents. Adult flea poop is just semi-digested blood and it tends to fall in the same places as the eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957987\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaEatPoop.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957987\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_CatFleaEatPoop.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flea larva feeds on the dark-colored feces of an adult flea. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After a lot of gorging and growing, the wiggling larva encases itself in a cocoon. A couple of days later, the adult flea emerges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing it needs to do is find a host to hitch a ride on. That’s where the flea’s spectacular jump comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fleas can jump over fifty times their own height. They need to accelerate very quickly to launch themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’ve got short little legs,” Sutton said. “So the fleas don’t have a lot of time to accelerate before they leave the ground.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might think fleas have special muscles in their legs that allow them to jump extra fast. Not so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at the muscles in these guys,” Sutton said, “it just looks like normal muscles, and muscles can only move so quickly. So they need something to amplify the power output.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they have is a spring. But it’s not like the coiled metal spring that might first come to mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I say spring, I mean something that is storing and releasing mechanical energy in a recoil,” Sutton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1957988\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_Sutton_JumpMontage.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1957988\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/DL705_FleaJump_Sutton_JumpMontage.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sutton chose to work with hedgehog fleas because they don’t bite people. \u003ccite>(Gregory Sutton, University of Lincoln, UK)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Adult fleas use their muscles to store energy by bending a part of their exoskeleton called the pleural arch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, it’s their metaphorical rib cage,” Sutton said. “It’s the part of the flea’s body that would be closest to the human rib cage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the flea releases the bending, its exoskeleton snaps back into its original shape extremely quickly. The energy from that recoil gets transmitted through the flea’s tiny body into its oversized rear legs which push off the ground, sending the flea soaring into the air. Larger animals like dogs and cats have longer legs, and they power their jumps with muscles alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutton likened the flea’s jump to firing a bow. An archer uses the muscles in his or her arm to load energy into a bow, which is released very suddenly, and transferred into the lightweight arrow very quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for something heavier like a spear, humans wouldn’t use a bow, and instead would use muscles in their arm and shoulder to heave the heavier object directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two different systems seem to meet in animals around the size of a frog, with some smaller, quicker-jumping frogs using the spring system like the flea, and larger frogs, like bullfrogs, using muscles like a cat or dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutton studies animal jumps in the hope that his findings will help the development of jumping robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things that the insects do better now than robots is generating jumps,” he said. “The jumps of small insects are much faster and more controlled than the jumps of equivalently sized robots. And insects can jump in preparation for flight. That’s incredibly useful as well, that we’re trying to figure out how to get robots to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just to keep the record straight, while they are among the fastest animal jumpers, fleas did not top Sutton’s list. Froghoppers, also called spittlebugs, took the top spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Froghoppers are the fastest of the insect jumpers, but they live on plants and they’re actually spectacularly terrified of us so we don’t see them very often and don’t notice them,” said Sutton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We usually don’t think about things in nature moving that quickly. So that’s why I love them, said Sutton. “They just go fast.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Nearly Doubles COVID-19 Tests, But Experts Say It's Not Enough",
"headTitle": "California Nearly Doubles COVID-19 Tests, But Experts Say It’s Not Enough | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Over the weekend, health officials in California nearly doubled the number of people tested for COVID-19. Yet with thousands of people being monitored for the new coronavirus, as of Monday the total still only amounts to 942 people, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical professionals say that’s not nearly enough given the spread of the coronavirus in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really needs to be in the tens of thousands and higher,” David Relman, an immunologist at Stanford University \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101876267/coronavirus-update-coronavirus-arrives-in-san-francisco-as-cruise-ship-passengers-quarantined\">told\u003c/a> KQED’s Mina Kim on “KQED Forum” Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing early and often for the coronavirus is important because it provides what public health professionals call “situational awareness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“\u003c/em>We need to have a much better understanding of where is this virus,” said Relman. He reeled off a host of unknowns that need to be solved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How does it move? From whom? Under what circumstances? And when, during the course of an illness, is a person infectious? To what degree do they transmit? All of those questions require that we be able to both detect the virus quickly and in many, many people and settings.\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nineteen public health laboratories around California have kits to test the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors and officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Coronavirus-testing-bottleneck-frustrates-Bay-15112198.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told\u003c/a> the San Francisco Chronicle last week that most parts of the state don’t have nearly enough of them to accommodate all the testing the situation demands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Solano County, the first patient recognized as having been infected in the community and not through traveling or a known carrier has exposed more than 400 people to the coronavirus within two weeks, Solano County Health Officer Dr. Bela Matyas, told the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if only a fraction of those people are affected, imagine how rapidly this is spreading.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other public health experts have expressed similar dismay at the lack of testing on a national level. “The CDC got this right with H1N1 and Zika, and produced huge quantities of test kits that went around the country,” Thomas Frieden, the director of the CDC from 2009 to 2017, told \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/03/how-many-americans-have-been-tested-coronavirus/607597/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Atlantic\u003c/a>. “I don’t know what went wrong this time.”\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Relman said that California still needs to learn who has contracted the virus and where they have been. To acquire detailed information will “require a much greater capacity for routine point-of-contact tracing and testing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know how to do that,” he said. “We just don’t yet have the resources deployed to do it at the scale that it really needs to be done now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Department of Public Health officials said in an email that their capacity to test is “dependent upon availability of test kits from the CDC.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDPH said last week that they had the capacity to test about 7,400 people over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state has continually requested more testing capacity from the federal government, and the CDC has continued to fulfill those requests on an ongoing basis,” the health department said. “As this need expands, we continue to ask for more tests – including just today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Vice President Mike Pence acknowledged the administration would not meet an initial distribution goal of coronavirus test kits around the country by March 6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. health officials say more and more public and private laboratories are now able to test for the virus. But some experts have wondered why it’s taken so long, and what that means to efforts to spot and stop the outbreak’s spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, tests are limited to people with fever, cough and other flu-like symptoms. Priority goes to people who have had close contact with someone confirmed to have the virus or those who’ve traveled to an outbreak area outside the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several national testing chains, including Quest Diagnostics, can now test for the virus. So far, the CDC has done tests for 1,700 people, but that doesn’t include those conducted by other government or private labs. More than 600 Americans have tested positive so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is one of the hardest hit states by the new coronavirus. Relman said partnerships between government and health care providers could help provide more testing capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stanford and [Veterans Affairs] both have tests that are ready to go,” he said. “Plenty of other health care providers have a history of developing tests of this sort on the fly. They can do so and will be doing so, including the commercial sector.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration granted private and academic labs permission to develop and use their own tests late last month. But Harvard University’s Dr. Michael Mina says it can take labs days or weeks to fine-tune their testing methods, much like a restaurant trying out a new recipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Over the weekend, health officials in California nearly doubled the number of people tested for COVID-19. Yet with thousands of people being monitored for the new coronavirus, as of Monday the total still only amounts to 942 people, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical professionals say that’s not nearly enough given the spread of the coronavirus in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really needs to be in the tens of thousands and higher,” David Relman, an immunologist at Stanford University \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101876267/coronavirus-update-coronavirus-arrives-in-san-francisco-as-cruise-ship-passengers-quarantined\">told\u003c/a> KQED’s Mina Kim on “KQED Forum” Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing early and often for the coronavirus is important because it provides what public health professionals call “situational awareness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“\u003c/em>We need to have a much better understanding of where is this virus,” said Relman. He reeled off a host of unknowns that need to be solved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How does it move? From whom? Under what circumstances? And when, during the course of an illness, is a person infectious? To what degree do they transmit? All of those questions require that we be able to both detect the virus quickly and in many, many people and settings.\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nineteen public health laboratories around California have kits to test the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors and officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Coronavirus-testing-bottleneck-frustrates-Bay-15112198.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told\u003c/a> the San Francisco Chronicle last week that most parts of the state don’t have nearly enough of them to accommodate all the testing the situation demands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Solano County, the first patient recognized as having been infected in the community and not through traveling or a known carrier has exposed more than 400 people to the coronavirus within two weeks, Solano County Health Officer Dr. Bela Matyas, told the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if only a fraction of those people are affected, imagine how rapidly this is spreading.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other public health experts have expressed similar dismay at the lack of testing on a national level. “The CDC got this right with H1N1 and Zika, and produced huge quantities of test kits that went around the country,” Thomas Frieden, the director of the CDC from 2009 to 2017, told \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/03/how-many-americans-have-been-tested-coronavirus/607597/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Atlantic\u003c/a>. “I don’t know what went wrong this time.”\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Relman said that California still needs to learn who has contracted the virus and where they have been. To acquire detailed information will “require a much greater capacity for routine point-of-contact tracing and testing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know how to do that,” he said. “We just don’t yet have the resources deployed to do it at the scale that it really needs to be done now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Department of Public Health officials said in an email that their capacity to test is “dependent upon availability of test kits from the CDC.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDPH said last week that they had the capacity to test about 7,400 people over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state has continually requested more testing capacity from the federal government, and the CDC has continued to fulfill those requests on an ongoing basis,” the health department said. “As this need expands, we continue to ask for more tests – including just today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Vice President Mike Pence acknowledged the administration would not meet an initial distribution goal of coronavirus test kits around the country by March 6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. health officials say more and more public and private laboratories are now able to test for the virus. But some experts have wondered why it’s taken so long, and what that means to efforts to spot and stop the outbreak’s spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, tests are limited to people with fever, cough and other flu-like symptoms. Priority goes to people who have had close contact with someone confirmed to have the virus or those who’ve traveled to an outbreak area outside the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several national testing chains, including Quest Diagnostics, can now test for the virus. So far, the CDC has done tests for 1,700 people, but that doesn’t include those conducted by other government or private labs. More than 600 Americans have tested positive so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is one of the hardest hit states by the new coronavirus. Relman said partnerships between government and health care providers could help provide more testing capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stanford and [Veterans Affairs] both have tests that are ready to go,” he said. “Plenty of other health care providers have a history of developing tests of this sort on the fly. They can do so and will be doing so, including the commercial sector.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration granted private and academic labs permission to develop and use their own tests late last month. But Harvard University’s Dr. Michael Mina says it can take labs days or weeks to fine-tune their testing methods, much like a restaurant trying out a new recipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this report\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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