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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story ran originally on Dec. 29, 2014. Amy Standen is now a reporter at \u003ca href=\"https://gimletmedia.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gimlet Media\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hangovers are a neglected topic, at least in the annals of science. Search “alcoholism” on \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=alcoholism\">PubMed \u003c/a>and you’ll find 76,131 studies published in peer-reviewed science journals. “Hangovers” yields a mere \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=hangover\">520\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of those were authored by Michael Shlipak, a physician at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Most of the time, Shlipak studies kidney function. But a couple of oft-cited studies on hangovers in \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10836917\">2000 \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15226168\">2004 \u003c/a>have earned him the distinction of being a “hangover expert,” a title he accepts somewhat reluctantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I went to meet Shlipak at his office in San Francisco’s Outer Richmond district. His spectacular view of the Pacific coast would probably be a balm after a rocky night out. What Shlipak told me about hangovers is surprising, as you’ll see in the video below (use the audio player above to hear the complete interview segment).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After you watch it, scroll down for some recipes that might (might!) help take the edge off of that New Year’s misery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://youtu.be/mY1A6LwqsRU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So You Want to Try Prickly Pear at Home?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Okay, two Big Caveats here:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Caveat #1\u003c/em>: first is that in Shlipak’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15226168\">study\u003c/a>, the prickly pear was consumed \u003cem>before\u003c/em> study subjects went out drinking. The science here is far from certain, but Shlipak was concerned that the prickly pear wouldn’t digest as well in a belly full of booze. By the time the hangover has set in, he says, it’s probably too late. So think of it as prevention, not antidote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Caveat #2:\u003c/em> No one knows exactly how much prickly pear you’d have to eat to tame that hangover. In Shlipak’s study, researchers used an extract. But dosages vary widely in nutritional supplements, which is why Shlipak told me he’d stick with the raw fruit itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How much ?” I asked. “Lots,” he answered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With those troublesome details out of the way, here are a couple of recipes I found online for prickly pear. (Of course, you could also just peel it and eat it raw. I bought a couple at a local market and found them to be quite tasty, kind of like a tart cucumber.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Prickly Pear Sorbet! Sounds like just the thing for your pre-New Years ramp-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://www.rickbayless.com/recipe/monte-cristos-prickly-pear-sorbet/\">Monte Cristo’s Prickly Pear Sorbet\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And from Dr. Oz (not known for his \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/alicegwalton/2014/12/22/the-best-medical-advice-it-may-be-to-stay-away-from-dr-ozs/\">sound medical advice\u003c/a>, but if nothing else, this sounds delicious), a non-alcoholic prickly pear cocktail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://www.doctoroz.com/recipe/hangover-cure-prickly-pear-cocktail\">Hangover Cure Prickly Pear Cocktail\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, because nothing says New Years Eve like salad and chia seeds, this attractive vinaigrette.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://michelepeterson.com/3243-healthy-prickly-pear-chia-salad-dressing-recipe/\">Healthy prickly pear + chia salad dressing | A Taste for Travel with Michele Peterson\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story ran originally on Dec. 29, 2014. Amy Standen is now a reporter at \u003ca href=\"https://gimletmedia.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gimlet Media\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hangovers are a neglected topic, at least in the annals of science. Search “alcoholism” on \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=alcoholism\">PubMed \u003c/a>and you’ll find 76,131 studies published in peer-reviewed science journals. “Hangovers” yields a mere \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=hangover\">520\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of those were authored by Michael Shlipak, a physician at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Most of the time, Shlipak studies kidney function. But a couple of oft-cited studies on hangovers in \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10836917\">2000 \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15226168\">2004 \u003c/a>have earned him the distinction of being a “hangover expert,” a title he accepts somewhat reluctantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I went to meet Shlipak at his office in San Francisco’s Outer Richmond district. His spectacular view of the Pacific coast would probably be a balm after a rocky night out. What Shlipak told me about hangovers is surprising, as you’ll see in the video below (use the audio player above to hear the complete interview segment).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After you watch it, scroll down for some recipes that might (might!) help take the edge off of that New Year’s misery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/mY1A6LwqsRU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/mY1A6LwqsRU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So You Want to Try Prickly Pear at Home?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Okay, two Big Caveats here:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Caveat #1\u003c/em>: first is that in Shlipak’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15226168\">study\u003c/a>, the prickly pear was consumed \u003cem>before\u003c/em> study subjects went out drinking. The science here is far from certain, but Shlipak was concerned that the prickly pear wouldn’t digest as well in a belly full of booze. By the time the hangover has set in, he says, it’s probably too late. So think of it as prevention, not antidote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Caveat #2:\u003c/em> No one knows exactly how much prickly pear you’d have to eat to tame that hangover. In Shlipak’s study, researchers used an extract. But dosages vary widely in nutritional supplements, which is why Shlipak told me he’d stick with the raw fruit itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How much ?” I asked. “Lots,” he answered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With those troublesome details out of the way, here are a couple of recipes I found online for prickly pear. (Of course, you could also just peel it and eat it raw. I bought a couple at a local market and found them to be quite tasty, kind of like a tart cucumber.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Prickly Pear Sorbet! Sounds like just the thing for your pre-New Years ramp-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://www.rickbayless.com/recipe/monte-cristos-prickly-pear-sorbet/\">Monte Cristo’s Prickly Pear Sorbet\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And from Dr. Oz (not known for his \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/alicegwalton/2014/12/22/the-best-medical-advice-it-may-be-to-stay-away-from-dr-ozs/\">sound medical advice\u003c/a>, but if nothing else, this sounds delicious), a non-alcoholic prickly pear cocktail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://www.doctoroz.com/recipe/hangover-cure-prickly-pear-cocktail\">Hangover Cure Prickly Pear Cocktail\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, because nothing says New Years Eve like salad and chia seeds, this attractive vinaigrette.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://michelepeterson.com/3243-healthy-prickly-pear-chia-salad-dressing-recipe/\">Healthy prickly pear + chia salad dressing | A Taste for Travel with Michele Peterson\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Here’s a timely reminder for all you would-be revelers out there: Be careful with your countdowns this New Year’s Eve. There will be a little extra time to bask in the glow of a retreating 2016 — or curse its name, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/28/506718757/should-we-all-just-stop-calling-2016-the-worst\">as the case may be.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever your inclination, one thing is certain: Before the year is out, the world’s foremost authority on time will be adding one more second to the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://datacenter.iers.org/web/guest/eop/-/somos/5Rgv/latest/16\">bulletin released\u003c/a> this summer, the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service, or IERS, said it would be necessary to introduce a “leap second” at the end of December. Timekeepers use this added second much as leap years are used — to bring the world’s atomic clocks in sync with the Earth’s own distinctive rhythm, which in this case is determined by its rotation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This leap second isn’t the first. Since 1971, the world has added leap seconds with some regularity — typically every two to three years — and the latest leap second was added \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/30/418594948/11-59-60-look-for-an-extra-tick-of-the-clock-tonight\">only last year\u003c/a>, in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do these leap seconds keep cropping up? Peter Whibberley, a research scientist with the U.K.’s National Physical Laboratory, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npl.co.uk/news/what-will-you-do-with-your-extra-second\">explains it this way\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Atomic clocks are more than a million times better at keeping time than the rotation of the Earth, which fluctuates unpredictably. Leap seconds are needed to prevent civil time drifting away from Earth time. Although the drift is small — taking around a thousand years to accumulate a one-hour difference — if not corrected, it would eventually result in clocks showing midday before sunrise.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Recent research appears to back up Whibberley’s assessment. According to a study published earlier this month in \u003ca href=\"http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/472/2196/20160404\">the Proceedings of the Royal Society A\u003c/a>, Earth’s rotation has slowed about 1.8 milliseconds per day — which means the solar day itself has lengthened, little by little. The researchers based this assessment on records dating back to 760 B.C., long before the implementation of the precise atomic clocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-earth-longer-days-20161205-story.html\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> broke down the findings: “If humanity had been measuring time with an atomic clock that started running back in 700 BC, today that clock would read 7 p.m. when the sun is directly overhead rather than noon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, however useful they may seem, these little extras can occasionally cause some big frustrations, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2015/06/30/418924569/to-keep-up-with-earths-rotation-clocks-will-tick-an-extra-second-tonight\">NPR’s Geoff Brumfiel notes\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Leap seconds have crashed airline reservation systems. They’re believed to have briefly shut down Russia’s GPS satellite system, and there’s potential for even greater mischief as things like financial trading become ever more precise in their use of time.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And those issues have earned the humble leap second its fair share of critics, who argue that it is standing in the way of the precision promised by atomic clocks. These critics would prefer the steadiness that may come with unmooring the world’s measurement of time from its astronomical inspiration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has persisted \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/01/17/145355481/worlds-time-keepers-will-decide-the-fate-of-the-leap-second\">for years\u003c/a>, leaving the leap second with an uncertain fate. The United Nations \u003ca href=\"http://phys.org/news/2015-11-thoughts-countries-decision.html\">announced last year\u003c/a> that it will be postponing its decision on whether to keep the leap second around, saying that “further studies are required on the impact and application of a future reference time-scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization is not expected to return to the decision until 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this is to say: Whether you like it or not, the leap second will be sticking around a while longer — and so will 2016, even if only by a single second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Here’s a timely reminder for all you would-be revelers out there: Be careful with your countdowns this New Year’s Eve. There will be a little extra time to bask in the glow of a retreating 2016 — or curse its name, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/28/506718757/should-we-all-just-stop-calling-2016-the-worst\">as the case may be.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever your inclination, one thing is certain: Before the year is out, the world’s foremost authority on time will be adding one more second to the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://datacenter.iers.org/web/guest/eop/-/somos/5Rgv/latest/16\">bulletin released\u003c/a> this summer, the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service, or IERS, said it would be necessary to introduce a “leap second” at the end of December. Timekeepers use this added second much as leap years are used — to bring the world’s atomic clocks in sync with the Earth’s own distinctive rhythm, which in this case is determined by its rotation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This leap second isn’t the first. Since 1971, the world has added leap seconds with some regularity — typically every two to three years — and the latest leap second was added \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/30/418594948/11-59-60-look-for-an-extra-tick-of-the-clock-tonight\">only last year\u003c/a>, in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do these leap seconds keep cropping up? Peter Whibberley, a research scientist with the U.K.’s National Physical Laboratory, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npl.co.uk/news/what-will-you-do-with-your-extra-second\">explains it this way\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Atomic clocks are more than a million times better at keeping time than the rotation of the Earth, which fluctuates unpredictably. Leap seconds are needed to prevent civil time drifting away from Earth time. Although the drift is small — taking around a thousand years to accumulate a one-hour difference — if not corrected, it would eventually result in clocks showing midday before sunrise.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Recent research appears to back up Whibberley’s assessment. According to a study published earlier this month in \u003ca href=\"http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/472/2196/20160404\">the Proceedings of the Royal Society A\u003c/a>, Earth’s rotation has slowed about 1.8 milliseconds per day — which means the solar day itself has lengthened, little by little. The researchers based this assessment on records dating back to 760 B.C., long before the implementation of the precise atomic clocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-earth-longer-days-20161205-story.html\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> broke down the findings: “If humanity had been measuring time with an atomic clock that started running back in 700 BC, today that clock would read 7 p.m. when the sun is directly overhead rather than noon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, however useful they may seem, these little extras can occasionally cause some big frustrations, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2015/06/30/418924569/to-keep-up-with-earths-rotation-clocks-will-tick-an-extra-second-tonight\">NPR’s Geoff Brumfiel notes\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Leap seconds have crashed airline reservation systems. They’re believed to have briefly shut down Russia’s GPS satellite system, and there’s potential for even greater mischief as things like financial trading become ever more precise in their use of time.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And those issues have earned the humble leap second its fair share of critics, who argue that it is standing in the way of the precision promised by atomic clocks. These critics would prefer the steadiness that may come with unmooring the world’s measurement of time from its astronomical inspiration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has persisted \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/01/17/145355481/worlds-time-keepers-will-decide-the-fate-of-the-leap-second\">for years\u003c/a>, leaving the leap second with an uncertain fate. The United Nations \u003ca href=\"http://phys.org/news/2015-11-thoughts-countries-decision.html\">announced last year\u003c/a> that it will be postponing its decision on whether to keep the leap second around, saying that “further studies are required on the impact and application of a future reference time-scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization is not expected to return to the decision until 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this is to say: Whether you like it or not, the leap second will be sticking around a while longer — and so will 2016, even if only by a single second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on May 23, 2016.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UPDATE: Since this story first aired, Yuriana Aguilar is now a postdoc in Chicago, continuing her cardiovascular research. She says she’s currently feeling very insecure about the fate of undocumented students like her once President-elect Trump takes office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have you ever seen a beating heart, pulsing on its own for hours, outside of the body? I got to see one last week, after it had been removed from a mouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can see that it’s still beating,” says 26-year-old Yuriana Aguilar, a newly minted Ph.D. in a white lab coat. “It’s a very impressive organ.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar is injecting a special dye into the heart, so she can look at the electrical signaling going on in the membrane of each cell. She's a researcher in a biomedical lab at UC Merced, the University of California’s newest campus. She’s also the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucmerced.edu/news/2016/undocumented-student-makes-history-phd\">first undocumented student\u003c/a> to get her doctorate at UC Merced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/265150534\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar is looking at mouse hearts to figure out what happens in the human heart just before sudden cardiac death, which kills hundreds of thousands of people each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Ariel Escobar, who runs the lab, says Aguilar is the best student he’s ever taught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She presented her work at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biophysics.org/Meetings/AnnualMeeting/tabid/85/Default.aspx\">Biophysical Society\u003c/a> meeting. She was the only student in that session. They were all full professors and chairmen of departments, and her!” he exclaims. “She’s superb, superb!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">DACA allowed Yuriana to get a temporary work permit. She has to renew it every two years, but has no path to permanent legal status.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But Aguilar’s future is uncertain. She came to California from Mexico with her farmworker parents when she was 5. None of them have immigration papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everybody has the American dream,\" Aguilar says. “They think, ‘We’re going to strive, we’re going to have our own homes, our own businesses.' My parents have not been better off economically. But they see the American dream fulfilling in me. That keeps me going.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar has worked her way through school picking watermelons, cleaning hotels and selling produce at flea markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are fears. I fear that if I’m in the flea market, and they're doing deportations or something, nobody's going to care that I have a title,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10965233\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10965233 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-800x626.jpg\" alt=\"Yuriana Aguilar with her family in their squash field: (L-R) Arturo Aguilar, Yuriana and her daughter Victoria, Ana Torres, and Yuriana's husband, Ismael. Yuriana is the first undocumented student to graduate with a Ph.D. from UC Merced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"626\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-800x626.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-400x313.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-1180x924.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-960x752.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yuriana Aguilar with her family in their squash field: (L-R) Arturo Aguilar, Yuriana and her daughter Victoria, Ana Torres, and Yuriana's husband, Ismael. Yuriana is the first undocumented student to graduate with a Ph.D. from UC Merced. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As an undergraduate, Aguilar wasn’t eligible for many grants and scholarships. Her parents sold enchiladas and vegetables to help pay her costs. Once she got her bachelor's degree, she was working as an unpaid volunteer in the lab when the Obama administration announced\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/consideration-deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-daca\"> Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals\u003c/a>, or DACA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember, I was here in the lab when I was watching the news about DACA. I cried,\" she says. \"I was here with the heart, so that was very emotional. To see that I could actually do this, that it would allow me to continue to work here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"FkEmmd0lIiGlNtVKdEhyXBRcNUlU76bk\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DACA allowed Aguilar to get a temporary work permit. She has to renew it every two years, but has no path to permanent legal status. Without that, she can't apply for a lot of government grants and fellowships. She also can't travel to visit the scientists she’s collaborated with in Brazil, Spain and Argentina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you don’t have papers, you are very limited. But science just doesn’t have borders. That's very impressive to me. They don’t exist because that would limit the advancement of technologies and how much progress we’re making in the field,\" Aguilar says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercedsunstar.com/news/local/education/uc-merced/article77336967.html\">article\u003c/a> about her in the local Merced Sun-Star newspaper prompted a number of readers to write in, saying she shouldn't be at the university taking the space of a U.S. citizen, or that she should be deported. I asked her how she felt about that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, you get discouraged, but I am used to hearing those comments. There are shortages of researchers and physicians. Definitely, if somebody's more qualified, go for it,\" says Aguilar. \"We all compete for the same spots.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Yuriana Explains Her Research With Mouse Hearts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aKhlXw88wzI\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"She hasn’t taken anybody’s spot. She earned that,\" says Alex Delgadillo, who runs a \u003ca href=\"http://undoc.ucmerced.edu/\">special office at UC Merced \u003c/a> to help undocumented students, and to train faculty and staff about how to assist them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yuriana came here as an undergraduate, distinguished herself at her high school, she continued and excelled, did research here,\" says Delgadillo. \"She was up against competitive candidates, and she distinguished herself in that regard, just like any competitive candidate has to meet the rigorous requirements of a UC.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serving low-income immigrant students is core to UC Merced’s mission. About two-thirds of its students are the first in their family to go to college, and many are immigrants, like Aguilar. UC President Janet Napolitano recently\u003ca href=\"http://universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/uc-president-napolitano-proposes-multi-year-support-undocumented-students\"> earmarked $8.4 million \u003c/a>to expand support for undocumented students across the UC system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Did Two Farmworkers Put Five Kids Through College?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After working at the lab, Aguilar drives with her husband and 1-year-old daughter, Victoria, to visit her parents on their farm in West Fresno. It’s right in the heart of one the\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/23/worried-about-pollution-where-you-live-check-how-your-zip-code-ranks/\"> most impoverished ZIP codes \u003c/a>in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her parents rent a plot of land to raise goats and grow squash and cucumbers they sell at markets in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yuriana's mother, Ana Torres, is a tough lady. She climbs a tall metal fence and leaps down into the goat pen to help a 3-day-old goat nurse on the mama goat she calls Bambi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10965237\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10965237\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-800x528.jpg\" alt=\"Ana Torres shows off a baby goat to her daughter Yuriana and granddaughter Victoria.\" width=\"800\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-800x528.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-400x264.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-1180x779.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-960x634.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ana Torres shows off a baby goat to her daughter Yuriana and granddaughter Victoria. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I have to be tough,\" she tells me in Spanish. \"I raised five kids, and they’re all getting their degrees.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tending the goats and picking zucchini has destroyed Torres' fancy manicure. She normally doesn't get her nails done, she tells me, but two of her children graduated this week -- Yuriana with her doctorate, and a son as a pilot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ask Torres and her husband, Arturo Aguilar, what their secret is. How did two farmworker parents who didn’t finish elementary school put five kids through college?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'd talk to them a lot, tell them they're smart,\" says Arturo. \"And we would pay them $20 for every A and B they got. They had to pay us $25 or $30 if they got an F. We had to work harder to earn more money if they got A's, but it was worth it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if they didn't do a good job in school, they had to do longer shifts on the farm, picking spiny cactus. Ana and Arturo say they were tough on their kids, but loving, present, involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10965240\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10965240 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-800x888.jpg\" alt=\"Farmworkers Arturo Aguilar and Ana Torres have put their five children through college, including Yuriana, UC Merced's first undocumented Ph.D.\" width=\"800\" height=\"888\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-800x888.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-400x444.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-1180x1310.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-960x1066.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers Arturo Aguilar and Ana Torres have put their five children through college, including Yuriana, UC Merced's first undocumented Ph.D. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Arturo says a lot of immigrants come from Mexico wanting to buy fancy trucks or cars. \"But the best investment you can make is your children’s education,\" he says. \"A car or truck only stays new and shiny for a while. But a child’s education lasts their whole life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ana Torres starts to cry as she tells me how proud she is of her daughter getting her Ph.D. She walks over to hug her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am crying, but they're happy tears,\" says Torres. \"Before, I was crying tears of sadness. Especially when Yuriana would call me to tell me that people cared more about her documents than about her intelligence or her perseverance in getting ahead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Thank you for believing in me,\" says Yuriana, \"even though there were so many obstacles in our way. I remember you always told me that no one can take away your education. The government may not give you papers, but they can’t take away your learning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's right,\" says Torres. \"I always told you that learning lasts you your whole life. It's the only inheritance you're going to get from us, and as long as we have feet to stand on and hands to work, we’re going to support you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yuriana Aguilar says she hopes to open her own medical research lab. She’s got faith that somehow she’ll find a path to citizenship. But even then, she won’t mind working in the fields sometimes -- or even buying a lot of land to farm someday. You have to do every job with dignity, she says, and with your heart.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on May 23, 2016.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UPDATE: Since this story first aired, Yuriana Aguilar is now a postdoc in Chicago, continuing her cardiovascular research. She says she’s currently feeling very insecure about the fate of undocumented students like her once President-elect Trump takes office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have you ever seen a beating heart, pulsing on its own for hours, outside of the body? I got to see one last week, after it had been removed from a mouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can see that it’s still beating,” says 26-year-old Yuriana Aguilar, a newly minted Ph.D. in a white lab coat. “It’s a very impressive organ.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar is injecting a special dye into the heart, so she can look at the electrical signaling going on in the membrane of each cell. She's a researcher in a biomedical lab at UC Merced, the University of California’s newest campus. She’s also the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucmerced.edu/news/2016/undocumented-student-makes-history-phd\">first undocumented student\u003c/a> to get her doctorate at UC Merced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/265150534&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/265150534'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar is looking at mouse hearts to figure out what happens in the human heart just before sudden cardiac death, which kills hundreds of thousands of people each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Ariel Escobar, who runs the lab, says Aguilar is the best student he’s ever taught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She presented her work at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biophysics.org/Meetings/AnnualMeeting/tabid/85/Default.aspx\">Biophysical Society\u003c/a> meeting. She was the only student in that session. They were all full professors and chairmen of departments, and her!” he exclaims. “She’s superb, superb!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">DACA allowed Yuriana to get a temporary work permit. She has to renew it every two years, but has no path to permanent legal status.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But Aguilar’s future is uncertain. She came to California from Mexico with her farmworker parents when she was 5. None of them have immigration papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everybody has the American dream,\" Aguilar says. “They think, ‘We’re going to strive, we’re going to have our own homes, our own businesses.' My parents have not been better off economically. But they see the American dream fulfilling in me. That keeps me going.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar has worked her way through school picking watermelons, cleaning hotels and selling produce at flea markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are fears. I fear that if I’m in the flea market, and they're doing deportations or something, nobody's going to care that I have a title,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10965233\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10965233 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-800x626.jpg\" alt=\"Yuriana Aguilar with her family in their squash field: (L-R) Arturo Aguilar, Yuriana and her daughter Victoria, Ana Torres, and Yuriana's husband, Ismael. Yuriana is the first undocumented student to graduate with a Ph.D. from UC Merced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"626\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-800x626.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-400x313.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-1180x924.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsField-960x752.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yuriana Aguilar with her family in their squash field: (L-R) Arturo Aguilar, Yuriana and her daughter Victoria, Ana Torres, and Yuriana's husband, Ismael. Yuriana is the first undocumented student to graduate with a Ph.D. from UC Merced. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As an undergraduate, Aguilar wasn’t eligible for many grants and scholarships. Her parents sold enchiladas and vegetables to help pay her costs. Once she got her bachelor's degree, she was working as an unpaid volunteer in the lab when the Obama administration announced\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/consideration-deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-daca\"> Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals\u003c/a>, or DACA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember, I was here in the lab when I was watching the news about DACA. I cried,\" she says. \"I was here with the heart, so that was very emotional. To see that I could actually do this, that it would allow me to continue to work here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DACA allowed Aguilar to get a temporary work permit. She has to renew it every two years, but has no path to permanent legal status. Without that, she can't apply for a lot of government grants and fellowships. She also can't travel to visit the scientists she’s collaborated with in Brazil, Spain and Argentina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you don’t have papers, you are very limited. But science just doesn’t have borders. That's very impressive to me. They don’t exist because that would limit the advancement of technologies and how much progress we’re making in the field,\" Aguilar says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercedsunstar.com/news/local/education/uc-merced/article77336967.html\">article\u003c/a> about her in the local Merced Sun-Star newspaper prompted a number of readers to write in, saying she shouldn't be at the university taking the space of a U.S. citizen, or that she should be deported. I asked her how she felt about that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, you get discouraged, but I am used to hearing those comments. There are shortages of researchers and physicians. Definitely, if somebody's more qualified, go for it,\" says Aguilar. \"We all compete for the same spots.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Yuriana Explains Her Research With Mouse Hearts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aKhlXw88wzI\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"She hasn’t taken anybody’s spot. She earned that,\" says Alex Delgadillo, who runs a \u003ca href=\"http://undoc.ucmerced.edu/\">special office at UC Merced \u003c/a> to help undocumented students, and to train faculty and staff about how to assist them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yuriana came here as an undergraduate, distinguished herself at her high school, she continued and excelled, did research here,\" says Delgadillo. \"She was up against competitive candidates, and she distinguished herself in that regard, just like any competitive candidate has to meet the rigorous requirements of a UC.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serving low-income immigrant students is core to UC Merced’s mission. About two-thirds of its students are the first in their family to go to college, and many are immigrants, like Aguilar. UC President Janet Napolitano recently\u003ca href=\"http://universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/uc-president-napolitano-proposes-multi-year-support-undocumented-students\"> earmarked $8.4 million \u003c/a>to expand support for undocumented students across the UC system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Did Two Farmworkers Put Five Kids Through College?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After working at the lab, Aguilar drives with her husband and 1-year-old daughter, Victoria, to visit her parents on their farm in West Fresno. It’s right in the heart of one the\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/23/worried-about-pollution-where-you-live-check-how-your-zip-code-ranks/\"> most impoverished ZIP codes \u003c/a>in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her parents rent a plot of land to raise goats and grow squash and cucumbers they sell at markets in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yuriana's mother, Ana Torres, is a tough lady. She climbs a tall metal fence and leaps down into the goat pen to help a 3-day-old goat nurse on the mama goat she calls Bambi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10965237\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10965237\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-800x528.jpg\" alt=\"Ana Torres shows off a baby goat to her daughter Yuriana and granddaughter Victoria.\" width=\"800\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-800x528.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-400x264.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-1180x779.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/BabyGoats-960x634.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ana Torres shows off a baby goat to her daughter Yuriana and granddaughter Victoria. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I have to be tough,\" she tells me in Spanish. \"I raised five kids, and they’re all getting their degrees.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tending the goats and picking zucchini has destroyed Torres' fancy manicure. She normally doesn't get her nails done, she tells me, but two of her children graduated this week -- Yuriana with her doctorate, and a son as a pilot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ask Torres and her husband, Arturo Aguilar, what their secret is. How did two farmworker parents who didn’t finish elementary school put five kids through college?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'd talk to them a lot, tell them they're smart,\" says Arturo. \"And we would pay them $20 for every A and B they got. They had to pay us $25 or $30 if they got an F. We had to work harder to earn more money if they got A's, but it was worth it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if they didn't do a good job in school, they had to do longer shifts on the farm, picking spiny cactus. Ana and Arturo say they were tough on their kids, but loving, present, involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10965240\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10965240 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-800x888.jpg\" alt=\"Farmworkers Arturo Aguilar and Ana Torres have put their five children through college, including Yuriana, UC Merced's first undocumented Ph.D.\" width=\"800\" height=\"888\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-800x888.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-400x444.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-1180x1310.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/AguilarsWSquash-960x1066.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers Arturo Aguilar and Ana Torres have put their five children through college, including Yuriana, UC Merced's first undocumented Ph.D. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Arturo says a lot of immigrants come from Mexico wanting to buy fancy trucks or cars. \"But the best investment you can make is your children’s education,\" he says. \"A car or truck only stays new and shiny for a while. But a child’s education lasts their whole life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ana Torres starts to cry as she tells me how proud she is of her daughter getting her Ph.D. She walks over to hug her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am crying, but they're happy tears,\" says Torres. \"Before, I was crying tears of sadness. Especially when Yuriana would call me to tell me that people cared more about her documents than about her intelligence or her perseverance in getting ahead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Thank you for believing in me,\" says Yuriana, \"even though there were so many obstacles in our way. I remember you always told me that no one can take away your education. The government may not give you papers, but they can’t take away your learning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's right,\" says Torres. \"I always told you that learning lasts you your whole life. It's the only inheritance you're going to get from us, and as long as we have feet to stand on and hands to work, we’re going to support you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yuriana Aguilar says she hopes to open her own medical research lab. She’s got faith that somehow she’ll find a path to citizenship. But even then, she won’t mind working in the fields sometimes -- or even buying a lot of land to farm someday. You have to do every job with dignity, she says, and with your heart.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Reporters' Choice: The 2016 Science Stories You Don't Want To Miss",
"headTitle": "Reporters’ Choice: The 2016 Science Stories You Don’t Want To Miss | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>This year, we asked our reporters to choose stories from 2016 they thought you shouldn’t miss. Perhaps it’s because the story is so thoroughly unbelievable, or it’s that the hype doesn’t bear much resemblance to the reality, or maybe it’s a meaningful story that’s largely unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those reasons and more, here are the stories KQED Science reporters think you’ll be glad you know about, as you watch the stories continue to unfold in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lauren Sommer: What To Do With Too Much Solar Power?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2016 is likely to end as a banner year for solar energy in California; the state is steaming toward a goal of 33 percent renewable energy by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the influx of solar power has created a surprising problem: on some days, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/04/04/what-will-california-do-with-too-much-solar/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">there’s simply too much\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-616162\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop.jpg\" alt=\"Solar_Desktop\" width=\"1730\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop.jpg 1730w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-400x231.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-800x462.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-768x444.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-1440x832.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-1180x682.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-960x555.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1730px) 100vw, 1730px\">\u003c/a>It happens on spring days, when Californians aren’t using much air conditioning and demand for power is low. The surge of midday power, when the sun is at its peak, is more than the grid needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governor Brown’s administration has proposed a controversial solution to help with this: \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/04/04/what-will-california-do-with-too-much-solar/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">joining California’s grid\u003c/a> with other Western states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, Governor Brown’s plan \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-jerry-brown-regional-electricity-grid-20160808-snap-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hit a roadblock\u003c/a> in the state legislature, and he’s vowed to bring it back in the new year. The shifting political winds accompanying president-elect Trump could also \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/states/california/story/2016/12/one-climate-change-initiative-on-which-trump-could-cause-california-to-retrench-108052\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spell its demise\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jon Brooks: Theranos’ Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Year\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theranos started 2016 facing the fallout from a devastating \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/01/26/for-theranos-the-bad-news-keeps-coming/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wall Street Journal investigation\u003c/a>. The reports alleged a bevy of improprieties and inaccuracies related to the company’s secret technology, which Theranos claimed could perform dozens of remarkably inexpensive blood tests using just a few drops of blood from a finger prick. That breakthrough innovation, Theranos founder and college dropout Elizabeth Holmes had claimed, would upend a $55 billion industry–a claim that enticed investors, the media, and pharmacy giant Walgreens to get in on the action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1262387\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 482px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1262387\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes.jpg\" alt=\"Bill Clinton and Theranos CEO Elizabeth Holmes during closing session of Clinton Global Initiative on Sept. 29, 2015 in New York City. Not long after, it all went wrong for Holmes and her company.\" width=\"482\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill Clinton and Theranos CEO Elizabeth Holmes during closing session of Clinton Global Initiative on Sept. 29, 2015 in New York City. Not long after, it all went wrong for Holmes and her company. \u003ccite>(JP Yim/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Journal stories, however, were only a prelude. By mid-year, the name Theranos had become shorthand for Silicon Valley hubris. The company even \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/hbo-silicon-valley-takes-shot-at-theranos-2016-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">earned mention\u003c/a> as a fraud on the cult HBO hit “Silicon Valley.” The unraveling was as relentless as it was spellbinding: A damning, federal lab inspection resulted in unprecedented, crippling sanctions — inaccurate tests had potentially put patients’ lives at risk, the government found, and the company later invalidated tens of thousands of test results. Federal investigations brewed, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/06/12/walgreens-shutting-down-theranos-centers-immediately-as-it-ends-partnership/\">Walgreens bailed\u003c/a>, lawsuits proliferated, and an attempted reboot at an annual meeting of lab scientists was deemed by some to be little more than an attempt at distraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, the once-confrontational company cried “uncle,” shutting down its consumer testing business and laying off 40 percent of its workforce. But a last 2016 indignity remained: In December, The Wall Street Journal revealed the identities of a coterie of Theranos’ previously anonymous investors. It seems someone at Theranos had failed to use the :bcc function on a mass email. “\u003ca href=\"http://gizmodo.com/theranos-cant-even-send-a-goddamn-email-right-1789713944\">Theranos Can’t Even Send a Goddamn Email Right\u003c/a>” said the website Gizmodo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still to come for Holmes: \u003ca href=\"http://deadline.com/2016/06/adam-mckay-jennifer-lawrence-theranos-elizabeth-holmes-movie-rights-auction-1201774846/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hollywood rubs it in\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lesley McClurg: So … Are We Supposed to Worry About Zika?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Documents/TravelAssociatedCasesofZikaVirusinCA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">450 cases \u003c/a>of Californians diagnosed with Zika virus. Not one person contracted Zika in California; all of them returned with the disease after visiting Zika-infested countries such as Brazil and Colombia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was hard to tell from the media panic in early 2016 that California residents don’t have much to worry about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California counties, public health officials \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/03/21/what-californians-need-to-know-about-zika-virus/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">don’t predict\u003c/a> a large local outbreak. The state has generally mild temperatures and desert air. The mosquitoes that carry Zika thrive in hot, humid weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika broke into the news in 2015 after an unusual number of babies in Brazil were born with a neurological condition called microcephaly, a rare disease causing an infant’s head to be abnormally small.\u003cspan lang=\"EN\"> There’s also an association between Zika and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Pages/GBS.aspx\">\u003cspan lang=\"EN\">Guillain-Barré Syndrome\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan lang=\"EN\">, a disease affecting the nervous system.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health officials warn pregnant women to avoid traveling to more than \u003ca href=\"http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/zika-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sixty countries\u003c/a>, and if they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> visit, the recommended protocol is to lather on bug spray and wear long sleeves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brooks: The Fat Disorder Millions Have But No One Has Heard Of\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/09/19/lipedema-the-fat-disorder-that-millions-have-but-no-one-has-heard-of/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">popular post\u003c/a> by far last year on KQED Science’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Future of You\u003c/a> website was about a lymphatic disease thought to affect up to 17 million Americans — most of them women. Lipedema causes subcutaneous fat to keep accumulating, mostly in the lower body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1262382\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1262382\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Marlene Simpson of Sacramento, Calif., wears compression bandages daily to help reduce the swelling in her legs. She is getting fitted for compression bandages for her arms to prevent swelling there.\" width=\"800\" height=\"738\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-160x148.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-768x708.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-240x221.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-375x346.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-520x480.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marlene Simpson of Sacramento, Calif., wears compression bandages daily to help reduce the swelling in her legs. She is getting fitted for compression bandages for her arms to prevent swelling there. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The signature characteristics of a lipedema patient are tree-trunk-like legs and a slim upper body. No matter how much a woman diets or exercises, the fat never goes away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many patients are unaware they have the disease, and undertake fruitless attempts to lose weight. Their physicians don’t know they have it, either, and often assume patients are simply obese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was like, ‘Whoa!’ “Judy Maggiore said. “I’ve never heard that before. They have a name for it and it’s not my fault!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only long-term treatment is liposuction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>McClurg: California’s Toxic Algae Was Worse Than Ever\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_929572\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-929572\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The docks behind homes at Discovery Bay are quieter than usual due to fears of blue green algae toxins. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The docks behind homes at Discovery Bay are quieter than usual due to fears of blue green algae toxins. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Algae blooms are a natural feature of summer, but in 2016, public health officials tallied record levels of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/plants/algae/publichealth/GeneralCyanobacteria.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cyanobacteria, \u003c/a>or blue-green algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some parts of the state, it looked like someone poured a giant can of green paint into the water. And the smell was often rank. When a bloom dies it reeks of rotten eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unusually hot temperatures, the ongoing drought and fertilizer runoff are the primarily culprits leading to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/22/toxic-muck-californias-algae-problem-is-worse-than-ever/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">toxic muck\u003c/a> and ‘no swimming’ signs in more than three dozen freshwater lakes and reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials detected levels of a toxin called microcystin that were 7,000 times higher than the level that would trigger a warning. Microcystin is one of several toxins produced by algae. Common symptoms are dizziness, rashes, fever and vomiting. It can be lethal to dogs and livestock, since the animals are more likely to drink the water or lick the slime off their fur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worst of all, scientists are just starting to understand a problem they expect to escalate. They’re finding blue-green algae in surprising places like pristine mountain lakes and alpine streams. Scientists are scrambling for solutions. Algaecides can help temporarily, but the chemicals can also backfire by promoting other toxins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: Among the stories we didn’t choose was one of the most obvious–the cosmic discovery of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/02/11/466286219/in-milestone-scientists-detect-waves-in-space-time-as-black-holes-collide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gravitational waves\u003c/a> by a team of scientists at the California Institute of Technology and around the world. One of our most unusual stories didn’t make the list–\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/06/13/the-nuclear-canal-when-scientists-thought-h-bombs-would-make-awesome-earthmovers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a history\u003c/a> of physicist Edward Teller’s notion of blowing open a new Panama Canal using atom bombs. And last, a story that burst on the scene at the end of the year: a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/19/the-biggest-california-water-decision-youve-never-heard-of/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">looming battle\u003c/a> over water in the San Joaquin River.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "From the unbelievable to the unknown, here are the stories you want to know about; watch them unfold in 2017.",
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"title": "Reporters' Choice: The 2016 Science Stories You Don't Want To Miss | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This year, we asked our reporters to choose stories from 2016 they thought you shouldn’t miss. Perhaps it’s because the story is so thoroughly unbelievable, or it’s that the hype doesn’t bear much resemblance to the reality, or maybe it’s a meaningful story that’s largely unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those reasons and more, here are the stories KQED Science reporters think you’ll be glad you know about, as you watch the stories continue to unfold in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lauren Sommer: What To Do With Too Much Solar Power?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2016 is likely to end as a banner year for solar energy in California; the state is steaming toward a goal of 33 percent renewable energy by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the influx of solar power has created a surprising problem: on some days, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/04/04/what-will-california-do-with-too-much-solar/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">there’s simply too much\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-616162\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop.jpg\" alt=\"Solar_Desktop\" width=\"1730\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop.jpg 1730w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-400x231.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-800x462.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-768x444.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-1440x832.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-1180x682.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Desktop-960x555.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1730px) 100vw, 1730px\">\u003c/a>It happens on spring days, when Californians aren’t using much air conditioning and demand for power is low. The surge of midday power, when the sun is at its peak, is more than the grid needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governor Brown’s administration has proposed a controversial solution to help with this: \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/04/04/what-will-california-do-with-too-much-solar/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">joining California’s grid\u003c/a> with other Western states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, Governor Brown’s plan \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-jerry-brown-regional-electricity-grid-20160808-snap-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hit a roadblock\u003c/a> in the state legislature, and he’s vowed to bring it back in the new year. The shifting political winds accompanying president-elect Trump could also \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/states/california/story/2016/12/one-climate-change-initiative-on-which-trump-could-cause-california-to-retrench-108052\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spell its demise\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jon Brooks: Theranos’ Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Year\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theranos started 2016 facing the fallout from a devastating \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/01/26/for-theranos-the-bad-news-keeps-coming/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wall Street Journal investigation\u003c/a>. The reports alleged a bevy of improprieties and inaccuracies related to the company’s secret technology, which Theranos claimed could perform dozens of remarkably inexpensive blood tests using just a few drops of blood from a finger prick. That breakthrough innovation, Theranos founder and college dropout Elizabeth Holmes had claimed, would upend a $55 billion industry–a claim that enticed investors, the media, and pharmacy giant Walgreens to get in on the action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1262387\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 482px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1262387\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes.jpg\" alt=\"Bill Clinton and Theranos CEO Elizabeth Holmes during closing session of Clinton Global Initiative on Sept. 29, 2015 in New York City. Not long after, it all went wrong for Holmes and her company.\" width=\"482\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/clintonholmes-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill Clinton and Theranos CEO Elizabeth Holmes during closing session of Clinton Global Initiative on Sept. 29, 2015 in New York City. Not long after, it all went wrong for Holmes and her company. \u003ccite>(JP Yim/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Journal stories, however, were only a prelude. By mid-year, the name Theranos had become shorthand for Silicon Valley hubris. The company even \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/hbo-silicon-valley-takes-shot-at-theranos-2016-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">earned mention\u003c/a> as a fraud on the cult HBO hit “Silicon Valley.” The unraveling was as relentless as it was spellbinding: A damning, federal lab inspection resulted in unprecedented, crippling sanctions — inaccurate tests had potentially put patients’ lives at risk, the government found, and the company later invalidated tens of thousands of test results. Federal investigations brewed, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/06/12/walgreens-shutting-down-theranos-centers-immediately-as-it-ends-partnership/\">Walgreens bailed\u003c/a>, lawsuits proliferated, and an attempted reboot at an annual meeting of lab scientists was deemed by some to be little more than an attempt at distraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, the once-confrontational company cried “uncle,” shutting down its consumer testing business and laying off 40 percent of its workforce. But a last 2016 indignity remained: In December, The Wall Street Journal revealed the identities of a coterie of Theranos’ previously anonymous investors. It seems someone at Theranos had failed to use the :bcc function on a mass email. “\u003ca href=\"http://gizmodo.com/theranos-cant-even-send-a-goddamn-email-right-1789713944\">Theranos Can’t Even Send a Goddamn Email Right\u003c/a>” said the website Gizmodo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still to come for Holmes: \u003ca href=\"http://deadline.com/2016/06/adam-mckay-jennifer-lawrence-theranos-elizabeth-holmes-movie-rights-auction-1201774846/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hollywood rubs it in\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lesley McClurg: So … Are We Supposed to Worry About Zika?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Documents/TravelAssociatedCasesofZikaVirusinCA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">450 cases \u003c/a>of Californians diagnosed with Zika virus. Not one person contracted Zika in California; all of them returned with the disease after visiting Zika-infested countries such as Brazil and Colombia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was hard to tell from the media panic in early 2016 that California residents don’t have much to worry about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California counties, public health officials \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/03/21/what-californians-need-to-know-about-zika-virus/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">don’t predict\u003c/a> a large local outbreak. The state has generally mild temperatures and desert air. The mosquitoes that carry Zika thrive in hot, humid weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zika broke into the news in 2015 after an unusual number of babies in Brazil were born with a neurological condition called microcephaly, a rare disease causing an infant’s head to be abnormally small.\u003cspan lang=\"EN\"> There’s also an association between Zika and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/discond/Pages/GBS.aspx\">\u003cspan lang=\"EN\">Guillain-Barré Syndrome\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan lang=\"EN\">, a disease affecting the nervous system.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health officials warn pregnant women to avoid traveling to more than \u003ca href=\"http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/zika-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sixty countries\u003c/a>, and if they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> visit, the recommended protocol is to lather on bug spray and wear long sleeves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brooks: The Fat Disorder Millions Have But No One Has Heard Of\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/09/19/lipedema-the-fat-disorder-that-millions-have-but-no-one-has-heard-of/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">popular post\u003c/a> by far last year on KQED Science’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Future of You\u003c/a> website was about a lymphatic disease thought to affect up to 17 million Americans — most of them women. Lipedema causes subcutaneous fat to keep accumulating, mostly in the lower body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1262382\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1262382\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Marlene Simpson of Sacramento, Calif., wears compression bandages daily to help reduce the swelling in her legs. She is getting fitted for compression bandages for her arms to prevent swelling there.\" width=\"800\" height=\"738\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-160x148.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-768x708.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-240x221.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-375x346.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/lipedemia-1_custom-11278cb1927b55f723dfdf998b93b3d25d232b60-s800-c85-520x480.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marlene Simpson of Sacramento, Calif., wears compression bandages daily to help reduce the swelling in her legs. She is getting fitted for compression bandages for her arms to prevent swelling there. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The signature characteristics of a lipedema patient are tree-trunk-like legs and a slim upper body. No matter how much a woman diets or exercises, the fat never goes away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many patients are unaware they have the disease, and undertake fruitless attempts to lose weight. Their physicians don’t know they have it, either, and often assume patients are simply obese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was like, ‘Whoa!’ “Judy Maggiore said. “I’ve never heard that before. They have a name for it and it’s not my fault!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only long-term treatment is liposuction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>McClurg: California’s Toxic Algae Was Worse Than Ever\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_929572\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-929572\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The docks behind homes at Discovery Bay are quieter than usual due to fears of blue green algae toxins. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/IMG_0790-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The docks behind homes at Discovery Bay are quieter than usual due to fears of blue green algae toxins. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Algae blooms are a natural feature of summer, but in 2016, public health officials tallied record levels of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/plants/algae/publichealth/GeneralCyanobacteria.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cyanobacteria, \u003c/a>or blue-green algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some parts of the state, it looked like someone poured a giant can of green paint into the water. And the smell was often rank. When a bloom dies it reeks of rotten eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unusually hot temperatures, the ongoing drought and fertilizer runoff are the primarily culprits leading to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/22/toxic-muck-californias-algae-problem-is-worse-than-ever/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">toxic muck\u003c/a> and ‘no swimming’ signs in more than three dozen freshwater lakes and reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials detected levels of a toxin called microcystin that were 7,000 times higher than the level that would trigger a warning. Microcystin is one of several toxins produced by algae. Common symptoms are dizziness, rashes, fever and vomiting. It can be lethal to dogs and livestock, since the animals are more likely to drink the water or lick the slime off their fur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worst of all, scientists are just starting to understand a problem they expect to escalate. They’re finding blue-green algae in surprising places like pristine mountain lakes and alpine streams. Scientists are scrambling for solutions. Algaecides can help temporarily, but the chemicals can also backfire by promoting other toxins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: Among the stories we didn’t choose was one of the most obvious–the cosmic discovery of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/02/11/466286219/in-milestone-scientists-detect-waves-in-space-time-as-black-holes-collide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gravitational waves\u003c/a> by a team of scientists at the California Institute of Technology and around the world. One of our most unusual stories didn’t make the list–\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/06/13/the-nuclear-canal-when-scientists-thought-h-bombs-would-make-awesome-earthmovers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a history\u003c/a> of physicist Edward Teller’s notion of blowing open a new Panama Canal using atom bombs. And last, a story that burst on the scene at the end of the year: a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/19/the-biggest-california-water-decision-youve-never-heard-of/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">looming battle\u003c/a> over water in the San Joaquin River.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California's Water: Seven Important Things That Happened in 2016",
"headTitle": "California’s Water: Seven Important Things That Happened in 2016 | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"start\">THIS YEAR HAS \u003c/span>been a big one for water. California is still mired in drought, although less of the state is suffering than in previous years and each winter rainstorm brings a fresh bit of optimism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A large reserve of \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/06/27/new-groundwater-found-deep-under-central-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">groundwater was found\u003c/a> deep under the drought-stricken Central Valley, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/10/06/how-california-is-learning-to-love-drinking-recycled-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recycled water\u003c/a> continues to gain in popularity, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/05/19/how-saving-salmon-could-help-ease-the-next-drought\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">flooding to help fish and farmers\u003c/a> is panning out and 2016 will likely wrap up as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/15/science/2016-hottest-year-on-record.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hottest year on record\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are seven other significant milestones that impacted California water and will help shape the year ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. Disappointing El Nino\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The much-heralded El Nino that many hoped would lift California out of drought didn’t live up to expectations. And what precipitation did come was concentrated much more heavily in the northern parts of the state, leaving Southern California high and dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By mid-April, while snowpack was at 100 percent of average in parts of the northern Sierra Nevada, precipitation in \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-no-rain-20160415-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Los Angeles was at only 58 percent\u003c/a>. And the snowpack reading for the southern Sierra Nevada on April 1 was \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/snow/COURSES.04\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">65 percent of \u003c/a>average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make matters worse, despite normal wet weather in the north, warmer temperatures meant that by May 1 the snowpack statewide dropped to only 55 percent of average – a marked improvement over the historically low snowpack of 2015, but nothing close to what the state needed to make a big impact on the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Conservation Mandate Ends\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After nearly a year of Californians rising to the challenge of a 25 percent statewide conservation mandate, the policy was disbanded in May. The State Water Resources Control Board changed course and instead decided to let water agencies set their own conservation standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The new rules center on a ‘self-certification’ process in which individual water districts will forecast their demand and supply for the next three years, assuming continued below-average precipitation,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/05/20/california-lifts-statewide-conservation-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento Bee reported\u003c/a>. “Districts would be required to reduce water use by an amount equal to their projected shortfall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the decision, most water agencies \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/10/14/what-falling-water-conservation-numbers-mean-for-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set conservation goals\u003c/a> at or near zero, and conservation statewide fell.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. Diminishing Lake Mead\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In June, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/06/20/what-lake-meads-record-low-means-for-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lake Mead hit its lowest point\u003c/a> ever since the reservoir on the Colorado River was built 80 years ago. Around 19 million Californians, nearly half the state, get some portion of their drinking water from the Colorado River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation believes \u003ca href=\"http://bigstory.ap.org/article/2a37e6597b6e4d1eaf591731a539de78/feds-see-shortage-2018-lake-mead-water-arizona-nevada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the lake’s shortage\u003c/a> will be so low by 2018 it will not be able to make its deliveries to lower-basin states Nevada, Arizona and California. The three states have been working for months on a compromise, should the shortage warrant it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in December the \u003ca href=\"http://www.reviewjournal.com/local/nevada/problems-california-complicate-negotiations-boost-sinking-lake-mead\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Las Vegas Journal-Review\u003c/a> reported a new hitch – trouble in California is holding things up. “Before they agree to store more water in Lake Mead, California’s largest river users want to know how much water they might have to forgo to protect endangered fish in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta or keep the Salton Sea from drying up, triggering an ecological disaster,” the Journal-Review reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Toxic Algae Outbreaks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_108201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The summer was marked by several outbreaks of toxic algae blooms in waters across the state, fueled by low water flows, warm temperatures and high levels of nutrients. Although toxic algae blooms happened in both Northern and Southern California, of particular concern was the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the Delta, it’s important to us because we have a large population base that uses this water, and protecting the water quality is of huge ecological importance,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/ssr/staff/lehman.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Peggy Lehman\u003c/a>, a staff environmental scientist at the California Department of Water Resources, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/08/08/algae-outbreaks-fed-by-drought-climate-change-pollution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told Water Deeply\u003c/a>. “With the State Water Project drawing from the Delta, we have to take a look at the importance of anything like this because it could be quite detrimental to human health and water quality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">One of the most visible signs of California’s drought has been patches of red amid the typically green hillsides of California’s conifer forests in the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch2>5. Tree Mortality on the Rise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the most visible signs of California’s drought has been patches of red amid the typically green hillsides of California’s conifer forests in the Sierra Nevada. Recent aerial surveys indicate that the number of dead trees, thanks to drought and beetles, has risen to 102 million, with more than half dying in the last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The scale of die-off in California is unprecedented in our modern history,” Randy Moore, forester for the region of the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.S.\u003c/span> Forest Service that includes California, told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-dead-trees-20161118-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While statewide surveys have been conducted in the Sierra Nevada, smaller-scale research in coastal areas has also found that usually resilient oak trees are also dying from drought as tree roots can no longer reach falling aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. Federal Water Infrastructure Bill Signed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In December, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/12/20/what-the-new-federal-water-bill-means-for-the-delta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">President Obama signed\u003c/a> the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act, a $12 billion measure that provides aid for Flint, Michigan, and projects to fund dams and provide flood protection across the country. Stuffed into the legislation were controversial provisions that will affect how much water is pumped out of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Doyle, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/congress/article119710733.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reporting for McClatchy\u003c/a>, called it “the biggest federal reset of California water use in a generation, setting the stage for easier dam-building, more recycling and potentially happier Central Valley farmers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law has received cheers from San Joaquin Valley farmers and jeers from the environmental community and Delta-area residents worried about overpumping from the environmentally sensitive Bay Delta. The law calls for pumps “to maximize water supplies for the Central Valley Project and the State Water Project,” and may run into conflict with provisions in the Endangered Species Act that limit pumping at certain times to protect endangered fish species.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>7. Delta Tunnels Inch Forward\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_863594\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-863594\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"The 30-mile tunnels would be built 150 feet under the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plans for the 30-mile tunnels slated to be built 150 feet under the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta inched forward in 2016. \u003ccite>(California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With just over a week to go before the end of 2016, California took another step forward on California WaterFix, the plan to build twin tunnels in the Delta, by releasing more than 90,000 pages of a finalized \u003ca href=\"http://baydeltaconservationplan.com/FinalEIREIS.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">environmental impact report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Mellon, a spokeswoman for the state’s Natural Resources Agency, told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/state/california/water-and-drought/delta/article122434249.html#storylink=cpy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento Bee\u003c/a> that the state hopes “to have federal permits approved next year and construction under way as early as 2018.” The report comes after “hundreds of public meetings and thousands of comments,” according to the Natural Resources Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After years of scientific study and analysis, we have found the best solution for protecting both the Delta’s ecosystem and a vital water supply for California,” said Mark Cowin, director of the California Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Restore the Delta, one of the most outspoken critics of the plan, released a statement saying that the document “is \u003ca href=\"http://restorethedelta.us3.list-manage.com/track/click?u=06887fa70084fef8e939fef63&id=e35cf8c02d&e=3659e00ed8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">not a green light\u003c/a> for the Delta Tunnels but rather should be understood as the submission of homework by sponsoring agencies … to be evaluated by state and federal regulators who will determine if proposal can meet environmental and water quality standards … A feat no previous version of the proposal has achieved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">The project still faces other hurdles, including hearings before the State Water Resources Control Board on water rights impacts and a crucial agreement by water districts on how to finance the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater%2farticles%2f2016%2f07%2f07%2fnine-experts-to-watch-on-california-water-policy\">\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The drought continues to impact California economically, politically and ecologically. Here’s a look at the most significant recent developments that will shape the year ahead.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"start\">THIS YEAR HAS \u003c/span>been a big one for water. California is still mired in drought, although less of the state is suffering than in previous years and each winter rainstorm brings a fresh bit of optimism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A large reserve of \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/06/27/new-groundwater-found-deep-under-central-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">groundwater was found\u003c/a> deep under the drought-stricken Central Valley, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/10/06/how-california-is-learning-to-love-drinking-recycled-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recycled water\u003c/a> continues to gain in popularity, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/05/19/how-saving-salmon-could-help-ease-the-next-drought\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">flooding to help fish and farmers\u003c/a> is panning out and 2016 will likely wrap up as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/15/science/2016-hottest-year-on-record.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hottest year on record\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are seven other significant milestones that impacted California water and will help shape the year ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. Disappointing El Nino\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The much-heralded El Nino that many hoped would lift California out of drought didn’t live up to expectations. And what precipitation did come was concentrated much more heavily in the northern parts of the state, leaving Southern California high and dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By mid-April, while snowpack was at 100 percent of average in parts of the northern Sierra Nevada, precipitation in \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-no-rain-20160415-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Los Angeles was at only 58 percent\u003c/a>. And the snowpack reading for the southern Sierra Nevada on April 1 was \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/snow/COURSES.04\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">65 percent of \u003c/a>average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make matters worse, despite normal wet weather in the north, warmer temperatures meant that by May 1 the snowpack statewide dropped to only 55 percent of average – a marked improvement over the historically low snowpack of 2015, but nothing close to what the state needed to make a big impact on the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Conservation Mandate Ends\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After nearly a year of Californians rising to the challenge of a 25 percent statewide conservation mandate, the policy was disbanded in May. The State Water Resources Control Board changed course and instead decided to let water agencies set their own conservation standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The new rules center on a ‘self-certification’ process in which individual water districts will forecast their demand and supply for the next three years, assuming continued below-average precipitation,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/05/20/california-lifts-statewide-conservation-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento Bee reported\u003c/a>. “Districts would be required to reduce water use by an amount equal to their projected shortfall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the decision, most water agencies \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/10/14/what-falling-water-conservation-numbers-mean-for-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set conservation goals\u003c/a> at or near zero, and conservation statewide fell.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. Diminishing Lake Mead\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In June, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/06/20/what-lake-meads-record-low-means-for-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lake Mead hit its lowest point\u003c/a> ever since the reservoir on the Colorado River was built 80 years ago. Around 19 million Californians, nearly half the state, get some portion of their drinking water from the Colorado River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation believes \u003ca href=\"http://bigstory.ap.org/article/2a37e6597b6e4d1eaf591731a539de78/feds-see-shortage-2018-lake-mead-water-arizona-nevada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the lake’s shortage\u003c/a> will be so low by 2018 it will not be able to make its deliveries to lower-basin states Nevada, Arizona and California. The three states have been working for months on a compromise, should the shortage warrant it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in December the \u003ca href=\"http://www.reviewjournal.com/local/nevada/problems-california-complicate-negotiations-boost-sinking-lake-mead\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Las Vegas Journal-Review\u003c/a> reported a new hitch – trouble in California is holding things up. “Before they agree to store more water in Lake Mead, California’s largest river users want to know how much water they might have to forgo to protect endangered fish in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta or keep the Salton Sea from drying up, triggering an ecological disaster,” the Journal-Review reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Toxic Algae Outbreaks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_108201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The summer was marked by several outbreaks of toxic algae blooms in waters across the state, fueled by low water flows, warm temperatures and high levels of nutrients. Although toxic algae blooms happened in both Northern and Southern California, of particular concern was the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the Delta, it’s important to us because we have a large population base that uses this water, and protecting the water quality is of huge ecological importance,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/ssr/staff/lehman.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Peggy Lehman\u003c/a>, a staff environmental scientist at the California Department of Water Resources, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/08/08/algae-outbreaks-fed-by-drought-climate-change-pollution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told Water Deeply\u003c/a>. “With the State Water Project drawing from the Delta, we have to take a look at the importance of anything like this because it could be quite detrimental to human health and water quality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">One of the most visible signs of California’s drought has been patches of red amid the typically green hillsides of California’s conifer forests in the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch2>5. Tree Mortality on the Rise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the most visible signs of California’s drought has been patches of red amid the typically green hillsides of California’s conifer forests in the Sierra Nevada. Recent aerial surveys indicate that the number of dead trees, thanks to drought and beetles, has risen to 102 million, with more than half dying in the last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The scale of die-off in California is unprecedented in our modern history,” Randy Moore, forester for the region of the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.S.\u003c/span> Forest Service that includes California, told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-dead-trees-20161118-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While statewide surveys have been conducted in the Sierra Nevada, smaller-scale research in coastal areas has also found that usually resilient oak trees are also dying from drought as tree roots can no longer reach falling aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. Federal Water Infrastructure Bill Signed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In December, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/12/20/what-the-new-federal-water-bill-means-for-the-delta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">President Obama signed\u003c/a> the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act, a $12 billion measure that provides aid for Flint, Michigan, and projects to fund dams and provide flood protection across the country. Stuffed into the legislation were controversial provisions that will affect how much water is pumped out of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Doyle, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/congress/article119710733.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reporting for McClatchy\u003c/a>, called it “the biggest federal reset of California water use in a generation, setting the stage for easier dam-building, more recycling and potentially happier Central Valley farmers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law has received cheers from San Joaquin Valley farmers and jeers from the environmental community and Delta-area residents worried about overpumping from the environmentally sensitive Bay Delta. The law calls for pumps “to maximize water supplies for the Central Valley Project and the State Water Project,” and may run into conflict with provisions in the Endangered Species Act that limit pumping at certain times to protect endangered fish species.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>7. Delta Tunnels Inch Forward\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_863594\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-863594\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"The 30-mile tunnels would be built 150 feet under the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/PJH_Delta_Farming-web-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plans for the 30-mile tunnels slated to be built 150 feet under the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta inched forward in 2016. \u003ccite>(California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With just over a week to go before the end of 2016, California took another step forward on California WaterFix, the plan to build twin tunnels in the Delta, by releasing more than 90,000 pages of a finalized \u003ca href=\"http://baydeltaconservationplan.com/FinalEIREIS.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">environmental impact report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Mellon, a spokeswoman for the state’s Natural Resources Agency, told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/state/california/water-and-drought/delta/article122434249.html#storylink=cpy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento Bee\u003c/a> that the state hopes “to have federal permits approved next year and construction under way as early as 2018.” The report comes after “hundreds of public meetings and thousands of comments,” according to the Natural Resources Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After years of scientific study and analysis, we have found the best solution for protecting both the Delta’s ecosystem and a vital water supply for California,” said Mark Cowin, director of the California Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Restore the Delta, one of the most outspoken critics of the plan, released a statement saying that the document “is \u003ca href=\"http://restorethedelta.us3.list-manage.com/track/click?u=06887fa70084fef8e939fef63&id=e35cf8c02d&e=3659e00ed8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">not a green light\u003c/a> for the Delta Tunnels but rather should be understood as the submission of homework by sponsoring agencies … to be evaluated by state and federal regulators who will determine if proposal can meet environmental and water quality standards … A feat no previous version of the proposal has achieved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">The project still faces other hurdles, including hearings before the State Water Resources Control Board on water rights impacts and a crucial agreement by water districts on how to finance the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater%2farticles%2f2016%2f07%2f07%2fnine-experts-to-watch-on-california-water-policy\">\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday, 12:40 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could a flaring incident at the Chevron refinery in Richmond on Tuesday be the source of a pungent odor that spread across parts of San Francisco hours later?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more than 70 complaints of a \"rotten egg\" smell in San Francisco on Wednesday morning, local air regulators are trying to pinpoint its cause. The flaring incident is now a possible suspect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are investigating the Chevron flaring incident ... to determine if it could be the potential source,\" said Bay Area Air Quality Management District spokeswoman Lisa Fasano late Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron did not initially report the flaring to Contra Costa County, but hours later acknowledged the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"OEYIT0E8RoOxl8GPphdzlj1DynvWbolV\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, a Chevron representative refuted the idea that the refinery problem could be blamed for the smell on the other side of San Francisco Bay, more than 10 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We experienced some minor flaring,\" Chevron spokeswoman Leah Casey said in an email. \"Our initial investigation shows no connection between the flaring incident and the odors recently detected in San Francisco.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the slim possibility that a chemical-like sulfur dioxide could have traveled in the air for such a long distance, the weather conditions would have to be just right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds Tuesday night were gusting between 5 and 10 mph from the north-northeast to the south-southwest, according to Jan Null, a meteorologist with Golden Gate Weather Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"However, the distance is about 11 miles and it would have been very diluted,\" Null said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Another night, another incident, more odor complaints\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Chevron had another flaring incident at its refinery Wednesday night. There was some sort of \"process upset\" at 7 p.m., according to a report the company filed with the Governor's Office of Emergency Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron's Casey said Thursday morning that company officials and air district representatives were meeting to \"understand if there is a connection to the source of the odor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after the new refinery incident, PG&E received another round of odor complaints in San Francisco. More than a dozen people around the city called the utility between 11 p.m. Wednesday and 1 a.m. Thursday, according to PG&E spokesman J.D. Guidi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city's Fire Department responded to seven calls overnight, according to that agency's spokesman, Jonathan Baxter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district is investigating Chevron's second flaring incident, according to agency spokesman Ralph Borrmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are investigating all possible angles. No conclusions have been reached yet,\" Borrmann wrote in an email when asked if there might be ties to another round of smell complaints in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday the district revealed that it received \"rotten egg\" complaints in Richmond as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency is also looking into other potential sources that include ships, area landfills and wastewater treatment facilities, agency officials said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, preliminary data gathered from Chevron's fence line ground-level and nearby air quality monitors showed that sulfur was released during Chevron's first flaring incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another odor culprit could be the West Contra Costa Sanitary Landfill, said Randy Sawyer, the county's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There have been odor complaints the last few months coming from the landfill,\" Sawyer said in an email. \"They have material that is composting and has turned anaerobic. This becomes very odorous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County's environmental health department is working with the landfill to get the problem under control, Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday, 12:40 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could a flaring incident at the Chevron refinery in Richmond on Tuesday be the source of a pungent odor that spread across parts of San Francisco hours later?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more than 70 complaints of a \"rotten egg\" smell in San Francisco on Wednesday morning, local air regulators are trying to pinpoint its cause. The flaring incident is now a possible suspect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are investigating the Chevron flaring incident ... to determine if it could be the potential source,\" said Bay Area Air Quality Management District spokeswoman Lisa Fasano late Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron did not initially report the flaring to Contra Costa County, but hours later acknowledged the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, a Chevron representative refuted the idea that the refinery problem could be blamed for the smell on the other side of San Francisco Bay, more than 10 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We experienced some minor flaring,\" Chevron spokeswoman Leah Casey said in an email. \"Our initial investigation shows no connection between the flaring incident and the odors recently detected in San Francisco.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the slim possibility that a chemical-like sulfur dioxide could have traveled in the air for such a long distance, the weather conditions would have to be just right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds Tuesday night were gusting between 5 and 10 mph from the north-northeast to the south-southwest, according to Jan Null, a meteorologist with Golden Gate Weather Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"However, the distance is about 11 miles and it would have been very diluted,\" Null said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Another night, another incident, more odor complaints\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Chevron had another flaring incident at its refinery Wednesday night. There was some sort of \"process upset\" at 7 p.m., according to a report the company filed with the Governor's Office of Emergency Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron's Casey said Thursday morning that company officials and air district representatives were meeting to \"understand if there is a connection to the source of the odor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after the new refinery incident, PG&E received another round of odor complaints in San Francisco. More than a dozen people around the city called the utility between 11 p.m. Wednesday and 1 a.m. Thursday, according to PG&E spokesman J.D. Guidi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city's Fire Department responded to seven calls overnight, according to that agency's spokesman, Jonathan Baxter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district is investigating Chevron's second flaring incident, according to agency spokesman Ralph Borrmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are investigating all possible angles. No conclusions have been reached yet,\" Borrmann wrote in an email when asked if there might be ties to another round of smell complaints in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday the district revealed that it received \"rotten egg\" complaints in Richmond as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency is also looking into other potential sources that include ships, area landfills and wastewater treatment facilities, agency officials said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, preliminary data gathered from Chevron's fence line ground-level and nearby air quality monitors showed that sulfur was released during Chevron's first flaring incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another odor culprit could be the West Contra Costa Sanitary Landfill, said Randy Sawyer, the county's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There have been odor complaints the last few months coming from the landfill,\" Sawyer said in an email. \"They have material that is composting and has turned anaerobic. This becomes very odorous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County's environmental health department is working with the landfill to get the problem under control, Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Local air regulators are investigating a mysterious rotten-egg odor that prompted dozens of complaints from people throughout San Francisco Wednesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a half-dozen city and federal agencies, Pacific Gas and Electric and the city's garbage collector say they don't know what caused it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inspectors from the Bay Area Air Quality Management District began investigating the smell shortly after 9 a.m., said district spokesman Walter Wallace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, by that time people had stopped reporting the odor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E and the city's Fire Department say that shortly after 2 a.m. people began calling the utility and dispatchers, complaining of a sulfurlike smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E received 45 calls about a gaslike odor in several different neighborhoods, according to company spokesman J.D. Guidi. Utility crews were sent out and found no gas leaks or any other problems with the company's facilities in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fire Department got more than 30 calls, according to that agency's spokesman, Jonathan Baxter. Callers described the odor as \"rotten eggs or sulfur,\" Baxter said in an email. The calls initially came from the downtown area and then moved toward the Marina, Sunset and Richmond neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Coast Guard received no reports of any fuel leaks in San Francisco Bay or off Ocean Beach Tuesday night and Wednesday morning, according to Lt. Megan Mervar, assistant chief for incident management at the agency's San Francisco sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The odor did not come from the city's sewer system, according to San Francisco Public Utilities Commission spokesman Charles Sheehan. \"These sulfur odors are not coming from us,\" Sheehan said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the smell was, it didn't get anyone ill, said public health department spokeswoman Rachael Kagan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with SF Environment, San Francisco Public Works and the city's Department of Emergency Management, as well as Recology, were notified of the odor, but didn't know the cause either.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E received 45 calls about a gaslike odor in several different neighborhoods, according to company spokesman J.D. Guidi. Utility crews were sent out and found no gas leaks or any other problems with the company's facilities in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fire Department got more than 30 calls, according to that agency's spokesman, Jonathan Baxter. Callers described the odor as \"rotten eggs or sulfur,\" Baxter said in an email. The calls initially came from the downtown area and then moved toward the Marina, Sunset and Richmond neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Coast Guard received no reports of any fuel leaks in San Francisco Bay or off Ocean Beach Tuesday night and Wednesday morning, according to Lt. Megan Mervar, assistant chief for incident management at the agency's San Francisco sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The odor did not come from the city's sewer system, according to San Francisco Public Utilities Commission spokesman Charles Sheehan. \"These sulfur odors are not coming from us,\" Sheehan said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the smell was, it didn't get anyone ill, said public health department spokeswoman Rachael Kagan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with SF Environment, San Francisco Public Works and the city's Department of Emergency Management, as well as Recology, were notified of the odor, but didn't know the cause either.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Three Earthquakes Strike Near Yosemite Valley, Lake Tahoe",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:30 p.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Geological Survey says the Bay Area could experience more aftershocks from a series of moderate earthquakes centered near Lake Tahoe early Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>USGS geologist David Schwartz says the Bay Area could feel aftershocks around magnitude 3 over the next few weeks, adding that the fault lines involved in the quakes are likely pointing toward the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a chance these quakes could be a precursor to a larger tremor, says Schwartz, but the likelihood of that happening stands at only about 5 to 10 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>USGS does not yet know what faults were involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of Nevada's Seismological Laboratory says the series of quakes were felt more than 200 miles away in San Francisco and Las Vegas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mineral County Sheriff's Office hasn't received any reports of injuries or significant damage, but the seismic activity did cause a rockslide in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three earthquakes ranging from magnitude 5.5 to 5.7 struck early Wednesday about 70 miles southeast of Lake Tahoe, and their rumblings were felt across areas of Nevada and California. There were no immediate reports of problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Geological Survey says the moderate temblors were centered in a remote area of Nevada near the California state line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 5.7 quake struck at 12:18 a.m. PST, followed by another 5.7 four minutes later and a 5.5 at 1:13 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A series of smaller aftershocks have also occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mineral County Sheriff's Department in Hawthorne, Nevada, near the epicenter, has not had any reports of injury or damage. The office says the quakes apparently set off burglar alarms at two businesses, and caused a rock slide that did not block a nearby highway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to Lake Tahoe, the USGS says the quakes were felt in such areas as Carson City, Nevada, and Yosemite National Park and Mammoth Lakes in California, all roughly 60 miles from the epicenter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sonja Hutson contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:30 p.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Geological Survey says the Bay Area could experience more aftershocks from a series of moderate earthquakes centered near Lake Tahoe early Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>USGS geologist David Schwartz says the Bay Area could feel aftershocks around magnitude 3 over the next few weeks, adding that the fault lines involved in the quakes are likely pointing toward the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a chance these quakes could be a precursor to a larger tremor, says Schwartz, but the likelihood of that happening stands at only about 5 to 10 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>USGS does not yet know what faults were involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of Nevada's Seismological Laboratory says the series of quakes were felt more than 200 miles away in San Francisco and Las Vegas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mineral County Sheriff's Office hasn't received any reports of injuries or significant damage, but the seismic activity did cause a rockslide in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three earthquakes ranging from magnitude 5.5 to 5.7 struck early Wednesday about 70 miles southeast of Lake Tahoe, and their rumblings were felt across areas of Nevada and California. There were no immediate reports of problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Geological Survey says the moderate temblors were centered in a remote area of Nevada near the California state line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 5.7 quake struck at 12:18 a.m. PST, followed by another 5.7 four minutes later and a 5.5 at 1:13 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A series of smaller aftershocks have also occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mineral County Sheriff's Department in Hawthorne, Nevada, near the epicenter, has not had any reports of injury or damage. The office says the quakes apparently set off burglar alarms at two businesses, and caused a rock slide that did not block a nearby highway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to Lake Tahoe, the USGS says the quakes were felt in such areas as Carson City, Nevada, and Yosemite National Park and Mammoth Lakes in California, all roughly 60 miles from the epicenter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sonja Hutson contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Shell's Martinez Refinery Sent Close to 20 Tons of Gas to its Flares During Monday Outage",
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"content": "\u003cp>A significant portion of Shell's Martinez refinery lost power on Monday afternoon, leading to a loud flaring operation that sent flames and black smoke into the sky, prompting an hours-long health advisory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To relieve pressure the facility pushed close to 39,000 pounds of gas, which included hydrogen sulfide, to its flares, the company said in a preliminary report sent to Contra Costa County officials on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As gas was pushed through the refinery's flaring system, nearby residents and first responders could hear it, according to Randy Sawyer, the county's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was a high pressure system with a lot of gas going through at one time that the whole thing rumbled,\" Sawyer said in an interview. \"People could hear it off-site.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage began at 1:15pm on Monday, according to Shell. One of the three main electrical substations that feeds power to the refinery \"tripped\", the company's 72-hour report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brief loss of power led to the shut down of several sections of the refinery including a unit that processes light oil and in turn, prompted flaring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The multiple units shutdown caused flaring at the LOP and FXG flares, which resulted in multiple odor complaints from the community,\" wrote Ha Nguyen, the refinery's process safety manager, in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa Cost Health Services issued a health alert an hour after the outage began. The alert was aimed at keeping people with preexisting respiratory conditions away from the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell did not disclose a chemical breakdown of its gas release - that information is expected to come out in a more in-depth report to be released next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would be good to know how much sulfur dioxide was created,\" Sawyer said, noting that when hydrogen sulfide, which smells like rotten eggs, goes through a refinery's flares it burns, producing sulfur dioxide which has a \"burnt matches\" smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People near the refinery were smelling a strong odor of sulfur dioxide that afternoon, Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short-term exposure to sulfur dioxide can harm the human respiratory system and make breathing difficult, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. People who suffer from asthma are particularly sensitive to the effects of the gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report, though, Shell said it couldn't detect high levels of the chemicals on and near refinery property. Shell's ground level monitors located on the facility's fence-line showed no detection of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide \"above background levels\", the company's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday the Bay Area Air Quality Management District launched an investigation into the outage and its impacts.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A significant portion of Shell's Martinez refinery lost power on Monday afternoon, leading to a loud flaring operation that sent flames and black smoke into the sky, prompting an hours-long health advisory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To relieve pressure the facility pushed close to 39,000 pounds of gas, which included hydrogen sulfide, to its flares, the company said in a preliminary report sent to Contra Costa County officials on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As gas was pushed through the refinery's flaring system, nearby residents and first responders could hear it, according to Randy Sawyer, the county's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was a high pressure system with a lot of gas going through at one time that the whole thing rumbled,\" Sawyer said in an interview. \"People could hear it off-site.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage began at 1:15pm on Monday, according to Shell. One of the three main electrical substations that feeds power to the refinery \"tripped\", the company's 72-hour report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brief loss of power led to the shut down of several sections of the refinery including a unit that processes light oil and in turn, prompted flaring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The multiple units shutdown caused flaring at the LOP and FXG flares, which resulted in multiple odor complaints from the community,\" wrote Ha Nguyen, the refinery's process safety manager, in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa Cost Health Services issued a health alert an hour after the outage began. The alert was aimed at keeping people with preexisting respiratory conditions away from the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell did not disclose a chemical breakdown of its gas release - that information is expected to come out in a more in-depth report to be released next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would be good to know how much sulfur dioxide was created,\" Sawyer said, noting that when hydrogen sulfide, which smells like rotten eggs, goes through a refinery's flares it burns, producing sulfur dioxide which has a \"burnt matches\" smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People near the refinery were smelling a strong odor of sulfur dioxide that afternoon, Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short-term exposure to sulfur dioxide can harm the human respiratory system and make breathing difficult, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. People who suffer from asthma are particularly sensitive to the effects of the gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report, though, Shell said it couldn't detect high levels of the chemicals on and near refinery property. Shell's ground level monitors located on the facility's fence-line showed no detection of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide \"above background levels\", the company's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday the Bay Area Air Quality Management District launched an investigation into the outage and its impacts.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A patch of Santa Monica’s “plumped-up” beach will soon go \u003cem>au naturel\u003c/em> thanks to a restoration makeover — and the reason why is climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over decades, Santa Monica has expended considerable effort to bring 17 million people a year to walk on its golden sands. What most of those visitors don’t know is that the coastal strand is “nourished” – or, in the words of NASA scientist Bill Patzert, “\u003ca href=\"http://www.vanityfair.com/style/2013/08/end-of-malibu-nantucket-erosion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Botoxed\u003c/a>” with added sand. Dredged sand from infrastructure projects and other sources of nourishment has widened the shore to triple what it was a century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why scientists from the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.santamonicabay.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Foundation\u003c/a>, with permission from the city, are testing a way to protect the beach by changing its shape. What makes this project striking is where they’re doing it: on one of the busiest artificial — ahem, enhanced — beaches in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/299159270″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a bright winter’s day, the Bay Foundation’s Rod Abbott runs up the beach, winding up a measuring tape as he goes. He and his colleagues are working within a 3-acre test site north of \u003ca href=\"http://santamonicapier.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Monica Pier\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I need more string. … OK, perfect,” Abbott says. “Uh, 138,” he announces. “139,” answers Karina Johnston, who directs the Bay Foundation’s watershed programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These measurements are part of characterizing the “before,” Johnston says. “We’re looking at how the topography changes across the beach and how the slope changes over time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She walks me around to imagine the “after.” A curvy fence surrounds us on three sides. A sinuous roped path divides it in half. This is where the Bay Foundation will plant native seeds. As plants grow they’ll form root balls, helping sand accrue into low dunes, 1 foot to 3 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that it will naturally form over time has the potential to be resilient to sea-level rise, wave erosion, storm events, things like that,” Johnston says. “So what we could be looking at is a beautiful softscape form of protection instead of a jetty or a seawall or some of the more industrial options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnston hoists a soft bag of seed mix on her shoulder, spinning the seeds out as she walks along the fence. She says her favorite is sand verbena, “which has a beautiful little purple flower.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sand-grooming machines will skip the testing area for the next couple of years. This winter, advocates and volunteers will be watching closely for signs of rain and the first small sprouting plants, though the project isn’t expected to reach maturity for a couple of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Monica’s beach administrator, Judith Meister, says the project could help protect the tourism industry as well as the shore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I think we have to factor in the reality of climate change,” Meister says, “so I do think that a lot of different communities are going to be looking at this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other plumped-up beaches around the state might look into reseeding for a different reason: Going natural tends to cost less than maintaining the artificial beach. Santa Monica will be looking at that, too.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A patch of Santa Monica’s “plumped-up” beach will soon go \u003cem>au naturel\u003c/em> thanks to a restoration makeover — and the reason why is climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over decades, Santa Monica has expended considerable effort to bring 17 million people a year to walk on its golden sands. What most of those visitors don’t know is that the coastal strand is “nourished” – or, in the words of NASA scientist Bill Patzert, “\u003ca href=\"http://www.vanityfair.com/style/2013/08/end-of-malibu-nantucket-erosion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Botoxed\u003c/a>” with added sand. Dredged sand from infrastructure projects and other sources of nourishment has widened the shore to triple what it was a century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why scientists from the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.santamonicabay.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Foundation\u003c/a>, with permission from the city, are testing a way to protect the beach by changing its shape. What makes this project striking is where they’re doing it: on one of the busiest artificial — ahem, enhanced — beaches in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/299159270″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/299159270″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a bright winter’s day, the Bay Foundation’s Rod Abbott runs up the beach, winding up a measuring tape as he goes. He and his colleagues are working within a 3-acre test site north of \u003ca href=\"http://santamonicapier.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Monica Pier\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I need more string. … OK, perfect,” Abbott says. “Uh, 138,” he announces. “139,” answers Karina Johnston, who directs the Bay Foundation’s watershed programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These measurements are part of characterizing the “before,” Johnston says. “We’re looking at how the topography changes across the beach and how the slope changes over time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She walks me around to imagine the “after.” A curvy fence surrounds us on three sides. A sinuous roped path divides it in half. This is where the Bay Foundation will plant native seeds. As plants grow they’ll form root balls, helping sand accrue into low dunes, 1 foot to 3 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that it will naturally form over time has the potential to be resilient to sea-level rise, wave erosion, storm events, things like that,” Johnston says. “So what we could be looking at is a beautiful softscape form of protection instead of a jetty or a seawall or some of the more industrial options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnston hoists a soft bag of seed mix on her shoulder, spinning the seeds out as she walks along the fence. She says her favorite is sand verbena, “which has a beautiful little purple flower.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sand-grooming machines will skip the testing area for the next couple of years. This winter, advocates and volunteers will be watching closely for signs of rain and the first small sprouting plants, though the project isn’t expected to reach maturity for a couple of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Monica’s beach administrator, Judith Meister, says the project could help protect the tourism industry as well as the shore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I think we have to factor in the reality of climate change,” Meister says, “so I do think that a lot of different communities are going to be looking at this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other plumped-up beaches around the state might look into reseeding for a different reason: Going natural tends to cost less than maintaining the artificial beach. Santa Monica will be looking at that, too.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Local Official Wants to Close Richmond Auto Yard Involved in Fire",
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"content": "\u003cp>A Contra Costa County supervisor wants to find a way to close the Richmond auto-wrecking yard where some 200 vehicles burned in a smoky, attention-getting fire last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/16/massive-richmond-auto-yard-fire-triggers-shelter-in-place-order/\">blaze\u003c/a> sent up a huge plume of black smoke for several hours, leading to a shelter-in-place order for local residents and schools. The smoke also prompted an investigation by local air regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor John Gioia, who represents the unincorporated area where the fire broke out, was among those caught in the smoke and had to stay indoors at one of the nearly 30 schools under the temporary shelter order. The property is located at Gertrude Avenue and Richmond Parkway, close to Chevron's Richmond refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wants county building officials to investigate the property and the business, Deal Auto Wrecking, with the hope that it would be shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been here a while and it would be better for the community for this facility not to be here,\" Gioia said in an interview. “This fire could form the basis of establishing that this facility is a nuisance in many ways. Frankly, it’s a land use that we would like to see go away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Marshall, fire marshal with the Contra Costa County Fire Protection District, said the site was inspected last March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inspectors found violations of regulations that govern how oil should be stored and noted that access to the cars through the lot's aisles was partially blocked, Marshall said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a follow-up inspection two months later, the violations had been corrected, Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County health officials inspected the site in April 2015, according to Randy Sawyer, the chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer for the county's health service department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspection found that the business was not reporting all of its hazardous materials, it was behind on employee training and there were problems with the labeling on some of its containers. All of those violations were corrected by the time a follow-up inspection took place three months later, Sawyer said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sawyer also said his agency got several complaints associated with the business in the spring of 2015. The complaints alleged cars on the lot were leaking and spilling oil and gasoline onto the ground. But inspectors could not confirm those problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sawyer added that on another inspection, officials found that some of the soil on the site was contaminated with oil. It had been removed and cleaned up, but water from storm runoff in the area had exceeded levels of copper and zinc. Deal Auto Wrecking implemented a plan to correct those problems, Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The owner of the land that burned is Chen Long Inc., according to property records. The site is licensed with the state as a metal recycling business. Efforts to reach Jian Song, the longtime owner of the business that operates the yard, were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire officials have not released the official cause of last week's blaze but it appears to be accidental, according to Marshall. The fire seems to have started in one car and spread to many others, thanks in part to strong winds, he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Contra Costa County supervisor wants to find a way to close the Richmond auto-wrecking yard where some 200 vehicles burned in a smoky, attention-getting fire last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/16/massive-richmond-auto-yard-fire-triggers-shelter-in-place-order/\">blaze\u003c/a> sent up a huge plume of black smoke for several hours, leading to a shelter-in-place order for local residents and schools. The smoke also prompted an investigation by local air regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor John Gioia, who represents the unincorporated area where the fire broke out, was among those caught in the smoke and had to stay indoors at one of the nearly 30 schools under the temporary shelter order. The property is located at Gertrude Avenue and Richmond Parkway, close to Chevron's Richmond refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wants county building officials to investigate the property and the business, Deal Auto Wrecking, with the hope that it would be shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been here a while and it would be better for the community for this facility not to be here,\" Gioia said in an interview. “This fire could form the basis of establishing that this facility is a nuisance in many ways. Frankly, it’s a land use that we would like to see go away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Marshall, fire marshal with the Contra Costa County Fire Protection District, said the site was inspected last March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inspectors found violations of regulations that govern how oil should be stored and noted that access to the cars through the lot's aisles was partially blocked, Marshall said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a follow-up inspection two months later, the violations had been corrected, Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County health officials inspected the site in April 2015, according to Randy Sawyer, the chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer for the county's health service department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspection found that the business was not reporting all of its hazardous materials, it was behind on employee training and there were problems with the labeling on some of its containers. All of those violations were corrected by the time a follow-up inspection took place three months later, Sawyer said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sawyer also said his agency got several complaints associated with the business in the spring of 2015. The complaints alleged cars on the lot were leaking and spilling oil and gasoline onto the ground. But inspectors could not confirm those problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sawyer added that on another inspection, officials found that some of the soil on the site was contaminated with oil. It had been removed and cleaned up, but water from storm runoff in the area had exceeded levels of copper and zinc. Deal Auto Wrecking implemented a plan to correct those problems, Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The owner of the land that burned is Chen Long Inc., according to property records. The site is licensed with the state as a metal recycling business. Efforts to reach Jian Song, the longtime owner of the business that operates the yard, were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire officials have not released the official cause of last week's blaze but it appears to be accidental, according to Marshall. The fire seems to have started in one car and spread to many others, thanks in part to strong winds, he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Group Urges 11th Hour Shift in Plan for Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta",
"headTitle": "Group Urges 11th Hour Shift in Plan for Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"start\">If two water \u003c/span>diversion tunnels could help solve California’s water delivery woes, can one tunnel be even better?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Over the past decade, state officials have designed a massive plumbing solution for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Known as \u003ca title=\"Link: https://www.californiawaterfix.com/\" href=\"https://www.californiawaterfix.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">California WaterFix\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, it involves building two giant tunnels to divert a portion of the Sacramento River’s flow underneath the estuary and directly to existing diversion pumps and canals near Tracy. The cost is estimated at more than $15 billion.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The project is aimed at making freshwater diversions more reliable while also protecting native fish from being killed by the current water diversion system. An estimated 25 million Californians and 3 million acres (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">1.2 \u003c/span>million hectares) of farmland rely on those water diversions today.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The idea of a single tunnel was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/resources/portfolio-based-conceptual-alternative-bay-delta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">first proposed\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in 2013 by a coalition of water agencies and environmental groups led by the Natural Resources Defense Council.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Now there’s fresh buzz around the idea after water experts at the Public Policy Institute of California, a prominent think tank, published an op-ed in t\u003cspan class=\"s2\">he \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/california-forum/article118384708.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Sacramento Bee\u003c/a>\u003c/span> urging state officials to reconsider the idea.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We still feel the status quo is getting us nowhere good, fast,” said Ellen Hanak, director of the Water Policy Center at the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PPIC\u003c/span> and a coauthor of the column. “You have to look at where is there an opportunity for moving from getting what you want to getting what you need.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The proposal calls for a single tunnel capable of moving water at 3,000 cubic feet per second (85 cubic meters per second). That sounds like a lot less than two tunnels jointly diverting 9,000 cubic feet per second (255 cubic meters per second). But in reality, one tunnel would deliver only about 10 percent less water, according to the state’s own 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://baydeltaconservationplan.com/Libraries/Dynamic_Document_Library/BDCP_and_Portfolio_Concept_letter_9-11-13_Corrected_9-16-13.sflb.ashx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">analysis\u003c/span>\u003c/a> of the proposal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1253973\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1253973 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text.jpeg\" alt=\"This map of the California WaterFix project shows part of the route for the proposed twin water diversion tunnels across the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, along with intakes and some other facilities. \" width=\"1400\" height=\"1227\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text.jpeg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-160x140.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-800x701.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-768x673.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-1020x894.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-1180x1034.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-960x841.jpeg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-240x210.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-375x329.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-520x456.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map of the California WaterFix project shows part of the route for the proposed twin water diversion tunnels across the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, along with intakes and some other facilities. \u003ccite>(California WaterFix)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">That’s because a major reason for a second tunnel is to provide backup, in case one tunnel goes down for maintenance or is damaged somehow, said Erin Mellon, a spokeswoman for the California Natural Resources Agency.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“One tunnel would be bad engineering,” Mellon said. “You need the redundancy of two, because you don’t want to have to shut down the system for days, weeks or months and cut off water supply for Californians. That’s a very, very big piece of it.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">She also notes that building one tunnel instead of two won’t cut the cost in half. The state estimated it could save $3 billion, because many up-front costs won’t change much, such as project design and land acquisition.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">But Hanak said $3 billion is a significant saving when a number of water agencies remain on the fence about investing in the project.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Another motivation, Hanak said, is simple goodwill. Many opponents cite the fact that dual tunnels have capacity to divert more than 9,000 cubic feet per second from the Sacramento River. The only thing holding them to that number are the rules governing tunnel operations. And many Delta residents and environmental groups have little faith in those rules.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hanak said a single tunnel might ease a lot of opposition to the project. It also might avoid some litigation that would delay construction, which will only drive up costs further.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“There are just enduring trust issues, let’s say, with people not convinced in the governance of the thing,” Hanak said. “Our hope is it generates some discussion among some folks who actually do need to decide whether they want to make a deal.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">After publication of the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PPIC\u003c/span> op-ed, several environmental groups released statements expressing an open-minded attitude toward a single-tunnel solution. Most of them understand, after all, that the reliance on current water diversions in the South Delta is part of the problem for native fish species.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">One of them is the Golden Gate Salmon Association, which represents commercial and recreational fishermen and the businesses that rely on them, including bait shops and restaurants, as well as tribal organizations and coastal communities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“The existing way of moving water across the Delta to the export pumps is lethal on juvenile salmon,” said John McManus, the group’s executive director. “All of a sudden, it feels like perhaps there’s an opening here to consider some other alternative.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Roger Patterson, assistant general manager of the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, said he’s open to new discussions about a single tunnel. Metropolitan, with its large urban ratepayer base, is considered the biggest financial backer of the tunnel project.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s good they’re kicking it around. I’m always willing to talk,” said Patterson. “But I just don’t think it performs well for either of the so-called ‘co-equal goals.’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Those goals refer to the requirement, now enshrined in state law, that a Delta fix must improve water supply reliability while also restoring the ecosystem.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Patterson said dual tunnels perform better for water supply reliability because they are large enough to take a “big gulp” from stormwater outflow, a time when water diversions are less harmful to fish. Two tunnels also might perform better for the ecosystem, because they would mean less reliance on existing diversion pumps in the south Delta, which reverse natural water flows and kill millions of fish every year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The current two-tunnel proposal would still use the south Delta pumps about half the time. A single tunnel would probably keep the south Delta pumps in play even more often, although that level of analysis hasn’t been done yet.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">If an alternative is going to get serious consideration, it has to happen soon. After a decade of work, the plan for two tunnels is close to approval: A final environmental impact study is expected by mid-2017, with a notice of decision likely by year end.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">A single-tunnel option is not among the options analyzed in that environmental impact study, so even adding it as a formal alternative would create delays.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s pretty clear that we are moving forward with the WaterFix as it stands today, based on the fact that we’re really coming to the final stages in a lot of these important permitting discussions,” Mellon said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/12/19/think-tank-urges-fresh-look-at-the-delta-water-tunnel-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "At the 11th hour, one think tank seeks to rekindle interest in building one water diversion tunnel instead of two. But it might be too late to shift course.",
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"description": "At the 11th hour, one think tank seeks to rekindle interest in building one water diversion tunnel instead of two. But it might be too late to shift course.",
"title": "Group Urges 11th Hour Shift in Plan for Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"start\">If two water \u003c/span>diversion tunnels could help solve California’s water delivery woes, can one tunnel be even better?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Over the past decade, state officials have designed a massive plumbing solution for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Known as \u003ca title=\"Link: https://www.californiawaterfix.com/\" href=\"https://www.californiawaterfix.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">California WaterFix\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, it involves building two giant tunnels to divert a portion of the Sacramento River’s flow underneath the estuary and directly to existing diversion pumps and canals near Tracy. The cost is estimated at more than $15 billion.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The project is aimed at making freshwater diversions more reliable while also protecting native fish from being killed by the current water diversion system. An estimated 25 million Californians and 3 million acres (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">1.2 \u003c/span>million hectares) of farmland rely on those water diversions today.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The idea of a single tunnel was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/resources/portfolio-based-conceptual-alternative-bay-delta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">first proposed\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in 2013 by a coalition of water agencies and environmental groups led by the Natural Resources Defense Council.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Now there’s fresh buzz around the idea after water experts at the Public Policy Institute of California, a prominent think tank, published an op-ed in t\u003cspan class=\"s2\">he \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/california-forum/article118384708.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Sacramento Bee\u003c/a>\u003c/span> urging state officials to reconsider the idea.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We still feel the status quo is getting us nowhere good, fast,” said Ellen Hanak, director of the Water Policy Center at the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PPIC\u003c/span> and a coauthor of the column. “You have to look at where is there an opportunity for moving from getting what you want to getting what you need.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The proposal calls for a single tunnel capable of moving water at 3,000 cubic feet per second (85 cubic meters per second). That sounds like a lot less than two tunnels jointly diverting 9,000 cubic feet per second (255 cubic meters per second). But in reality, one tunnel would deliver only about 10 percent less water, according to the state’s own 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://baydeltaconservationplan.com/Libraries/Dynamic_Document_Library/BDCP_and_Portfolio_Concept_letter_9-11-13_Corrected_9-16-13.sflb.ashx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">analysis\u003c/span>\u003c/a> of the proposal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1253973\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1253973 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text.jpeg\" alt=\"This map of the California WaterFix project shows part of the route for the proposed twin water diversion tunnels across the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, along with intakes and some other facilities. \" width=\"1400\" height=\"1227\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text.jpeg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-160x140.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-800x701.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-768x673.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-1020x894.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-1180x1034.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-960x841.jpeg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-240x210.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-375x329.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/CWF_Map_Text-520x456.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map of the California WaterFix project shows part of the route for the proposed twin water diversion tunnels across the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, along with intakes and some other facilities. \u003ccite>(California WaterFix)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">That’s because a major reason for a second tunnel is to provide backup, in case one tunnel goes down for maintenance or is damaged somehow, said Erin Mellon, a spokeswoman for the California Natural Resources Agency.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“One tunnel would be bad engineering,” Mellon said. “You need the redundancy of two, because you don’t want to have to shut down the system for days, weeks or months and cut off water supply for Californians. That’s a very, very big piece of it.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">She also notes that building one tunnel instead of two won’t cut the cost in half. The state estimated it could save $3 billion, because many up-front costs won’t change much, such as project design and land acquisition.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">But Hanak said $3 billion is a significant saving when a number of water agencies remain on the fence about investing in the project.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Another motivation, Hanak said, is simple goodwill. Many opponents cite the fact that dual tunnels have capacity to divert more than 9,000 cubic feet per second from the Sacramento River. The only thing holding them to that number are the rules governing tunnel operations. And many Delta residents and environmental groups have little faith in those rules.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hanak said a single tunnel might ease a lot of opposition to the project. It also might avoid some litigation that would delay construction, which will only drive up costs further.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“There are just enduring trust issues, let’s say, with people not convinced in the governance of the thing,” Hanak said. “Our hope is it generates some discussion among some folks who actually do need to decide whether they want to make a deal.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">After publication of the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PPIC\u003c/span> op-ed, several environmental groups released statements expressing an open-minded attitude toward a single-tunnel solution. Most of them understand, after all, that the reliance on current water diversions in the South Delta is part of the problem for native fish species.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">One of them is the Golden Gate Salmon Association, which represents commercial and recreational fishermen and the businesses that rely on them, including bait shops and restaurants, as well as tribal organizations and coastal communities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“The existing way of moving water across the Delta to the export pumps is lethal on juvenile salmon,” said John McManus, the group’s executive director. “All of a sudden, it feels like perhaps there’s an opening here to consider some other alternative.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Roger Patterson, assistant general manager of the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, said he’s open to new discussions about a single tunnel. Metropolitan, with its large urban ratepayer base, is considered the biggest financial backer of the tunnel project.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s good they’re kicking it around. I’m always willing to talk,” said Patterson. “But I just don’t think it performs well for either of the so-called ‘co-equal goals.’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Those goals refer to the requirement, now enshrined in state law, that a Delta fix must improve water supply reliability while also restoring the ecosystem.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Patterson said dual tunnels perform better for water supply reliability because they are large enough to take a “big gulp” from stormwater outflow, a time when water diversions are less harmful to fish. Two tunnels also might perform better for the ecosystem, because they would mean less reliance on existing diversion pumps in the south Delta, which reverse natural water flows and kill millions of fish every year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The current two-tunnel proposal would still use the south Delta pumps about half the time. A single tunnel would probably keep the south Delta pumps in play even more often, although that level of analysis hasn’t been done yet.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">If an alternative is going to get serious consideration, it has to happen soon. After a decade of work, the plan for two tunnels is close to approval: A final environmental impact study is expected by mid-2017, with a notice of decision likely by year end.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">A single-tunnel option is not among the options analyzed in that environmental impact study, so even adding it as a formal alternative would create delays.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s pretty clear that we are moving forward with the WaterFix as it stands today, based on the fact that we’re really coming to the final stages in a lot of these important permitting discussions,” Mellon said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/12/19/think-tank-urges-fresh-look-at-the-delta-water-tunnel-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"Normal__Char\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"order": 1
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
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