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"content": "\u003cp>Flooding rains and record snow in California last week marked another extreme swing of the state’s climate pendulum. The widespread downpours triggered mudslides that \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-01-28/california-winter-storm-mudslides-cause-injury-damage?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+lanowblog+%28L.A.+Now%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">damaged homes and roads\u003c/a> near some of the huge fire scars from last summer, and also brought \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Weather_West/status/1356338632387280896\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">some of the water\u003c/a> the state will need to end a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/national/202013\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">monthslong hot and dry streak\u003c/a> and douse a record-setting wildfire season that extended into January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm included a long stream of moisture from the subtropical Pacific Ocean, called an \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/stories/what-are-atmospheric-rivers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">atmospheric river\u003c/a>, that inundated the state from north to south for three days. Atmospheric rivers are concentrated streams of moist air, generally more than 1,200 miles long, up to 620 miles wide and about 1.8 miles deep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week’s torrent hit Central California hardest. Several spots reported 24-hour rainfall records and the deluge washed out a 150-foot section of Highway 1 in the vulnerable Big Sur area, where the road clings to unstable mountains that drop steeply to the sea. Just two years ago, another nearby section of the highway was also destroyed by an intense storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate scientists say it’s important to understand how atmospheric rivers will change as global warming drives more extremes. They’ve recently \u003ca href=\"https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/bams/100/2/bams-d-18-0023.1.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">created a scale\u003c/a> to rate their strength. Between 1978 and 2017, the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/05122019/atmospheric-rivers-climate-change-flood-mudslide-risk-rising-california-west/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10 most intense atmospheric rivers caused nearly half of all flood damage\u003c/a> in the Western United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could get worse. Stronger atmospheric rivers are part of California’s “whiplash” climate future, said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Weather_West\">Daniel Swain\u003c/a>, a climate scientist with the National Center for Atmospheric Research. “One of the things that’s really clear, the intense ones are going to become much more intense,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/janellewang/status/1355277341312729090?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-018-0140-y.epdf?author_access_token=SpNm1AkLDEG2WYpjrokbt9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0N5WVXwZkTOMe5YxQC6t2N_038NWJlpDOtWZcE65BM0CfIUOL9naHt1EdpF1wss04QU_5ph14XmBsju5RABLAPbKzI7wsRPl9_D-YWN9uCCHA%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A 2018 study\u003c/a> he co-authored showed that the odds for a scenario like the storm that caused the Great Flood of 1862, when Sacramento was partially destroyed, are “perhaps as high as 50% between 2018 and 2060.” A flood of that size would devastate towns and swamp much of California’s Central Valley, a breadbasket for the entire country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the other extreme are\u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/112/13/3858.short\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> climate studies\u003c/a> showing that California’s future droughts will be hotter and more intense. Even some years with near normal seasonal rain and snow can end up dry as increasingly hot summers simply steam the water out of the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The events that were once thought to have been vanishingly rare, are not so rare anymore,” Swain said. “What we’re not used to are these really extreme events, above the top end of the scale. Those are the ones that test infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even absent an extreme event, changes to the timing, intensity and location of the moist flows will \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-020-02882-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">affect water supplies for towns, agriculture and natural ecosystems\u003c/a>, he added. Water managers need to be prepared for climate-driven feast or famine cycles of rain, snow and runoff, for instance operating dams more flexibly to capture as much water as possible during big downpours, while still holding back enough to reduce river flood risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building the necessary resilience won’t be easy, but since a flood on the scale of the 1862 event would cause billions in damage, figuring out ways to prepare for such risks are well worth it, Swain said. In the meantime, the threats from surging atmospheric rivers are rising fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a problem in a society where we build our infrastructure to last many decades, on the assumption that our climate does not change over 50 years,” he said. Many risks from climate extremes will become “greatly elevated with regard to how we’ve designed our infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Important Global Climate Pumps\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hazards similar to those in California are driving research into how global warming will change atmospheric rivers around the world, said University of Lisbon climate scientist Alexandre Ramos. In Europe, those intensifying moisture streams will inundate the British Isles and Scandinavia more frequently, but a northward shift detected by climate scientists could leave other areas thirsty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Globally, atmospheric rivers are the \u003ca href=\"https://ghrc.nsstc.nasa.gov/home/micro-articles/atmospheric-rivers#:~:text=The%20term%20atmospheric%20river%20is,transport%20associated%20with%20extratropical%20cyclones.&text=This%20moisture%20transport%20occurs%20under,%2C%20temperature%2C%20and%20pressure%20conditions.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">largest transporters of freshwater\u003c/a> and also distribute heat energy from equatorial regions toward the poles. Those flows are shifting because global warming is \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2020JD033158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expanding\u003c/a> bulging domes of stable, warm and dry air in the subtropics, which shunts atmospheric rivers poleward, Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wet Atlantic storm that pummeled parts of the already soggy United Kingdom last week carried swaths of moist air from around Florida all the way across the Atlantic in a weather pattern similar to an atmospheric river, climate and weather researcher \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SimonLeeWx/status/1355126950411579392\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Simon Lee wrote on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The atmosphere can hold about 7% more moisture for every 1 degree Celsius of warming, so every atmospheric river can potentially hold more moisture. One recent study found that there has been an increase in the number of atmospheric rivers since the 1980s, Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they are still relatively rare — about four per year — making it hard for researchers to separate a global warming signal from natural factors that could affect their frequency. But projections for the future are robust, showing that, with continued warming, up to eight atmospheric rivers could affect Europe each year, with some climate models even showing their frequency tripling, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we are seeing is, the rainy seasons are getting shorter, and the precipitation will become more extreme, and the extremes will become more frequent,” Ramos said. “Increased temperature means more water in the atmosphere, lowering the threshold for extremes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Portugal, like in California, atmospheric rivers are often beneficial drought-busters that fill reservoirs, so it’s also a problem if they don’t materialize, Ramos said. His research, and other studies, suggest that global warming may already be shifting atmospheric rivers poleward. He said the research describes how recent droughts in South Africa and Australia could be linked with the poleward shift of atmospheric rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/wxjerdman/status/1355497317525319683?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Atmospheric Rivers Are Becoming More Dangerous\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain’s most recent \u003ca href=\"https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/29/eaba1323\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> zoomed in on California and scrutinized the moisture, temperature and wind speeds of the strongest atmospheric rivers from ground level to their upper boundary, about two miles high, to assess the risks of extreme rain and snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since they are infrequent, it’s hard to get a statistically valid idea about how they have changed up to now, even when grouping the data from multiple atmospheric rivers together. But figuring out the mechanics of individual events at a detailed level will help predict how they’ll behave in a warmer climate in the future, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain’s analysis delivered detailed projections of increased precipitation from atmospheric rivers: 25% to 50% more across the San Joaquin Valley, a 25% to 30% increase in the northern Sacramento Valley, and 80% more in the Owens Valley, east of the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were looking at the really rare ones,” he said of the atmospheric rivers he studied. “That’s part of why we did this study, looking at events that happen a couple of times per century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By comparing the results of their analysis with observations from historic extreme storms, “It’s almost as if we had a 400-year-long record,” he said. “It’s the best we can do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the strongest atmospheric rivers, the study found a 10% to 40% increase in total accumulated precipitation. It found an even greater increase in hourly maximum precipitation rates that are above the level that could be caused solely by the increased water vapor in a warmer atmosphere, which means global warming is intensifying atmospheric rivers beyond just adding water, Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The large increase in maximum hourly precipitation intensity is critical because short blasts of intense precipitation pose a much greater risk of flash flooding and other hazards, such as debris flows and mudslides, than do equally large accumulations occurring over a longer period of time, the study found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also found that rain and snowfall from atmospheric rivers is increasing the most, proportionately, in areas that were previously sheltered from the phenomenon, like in the rain shadows on the downwind, lee sides of mountain ranges. That could increase unexpected flood and water management challenges in areas where they are not expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These findings imply substantial challenges for water and flood management in California, given future increases in intense atmospheric river-induced precipitation extremes,” the researchers wrote in their study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain said it’s also important to remember that future atmospheric rivers in a warmer climate will change snow to rain, which increases the risks of flooding even more, based on current expectations of the snow-rain ratio. Snow, of course, piles up and melts slowly, while rain runs off into streams and rivers right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With continued global warming, the study suggests that streamflows could increase beyond what would be expected just from the precipitation increase alone, because “a substantially greater fraction of precipitation is likely to fall as rain rather than snow,” the study concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Swain, the study elicited deep concerns about the prospects for an incredibly damaging megaflood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By 2060, there is a 50-50 chance of seeing a megastorm on the scale that swamped the Central Valley,” he said. “Given that would be a catastrophic flood event, I don’t think we’re fully prepared for that. For me, that almost means that, by late century, it’s almost an inevitability. That’s pretty amazing for an event that happened 5 times per millennium up to now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not going to call these findings good news,” he said. “But they could help start discussions about how to mitigate the risks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Flooding rains and record snow in California last week marked another extreme swing of the state’s climate pendulum. The widespread downpours triggered mudslides that \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-01-28/california-winter-storm-mudslides-cause-injury-damage?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+lanowblog+%28L.A.+Now%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">damaged homes and roads\u003c/a> near some of the huge fire scars from last summer, and also brought \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Weather_West/status/1356338632387280896\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">some of the water\u003c/a> the state will need to end a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/national/202013\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">monthslong hot and dry streak\u003c/a> and douse a record-setting wildfire season that extended into January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm included a long stream of moisture from the subtropical Pacific Ocean, called an \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/stories/what-are-atmospheric-rivers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">atmospheric river\u003c/a>, that inundated the state from north to south for three days. Atmospheric rivers are concentrated streams of moist air, generally more than 1,200 miles long, up to 620 miles wide and about 1.8 miles deep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week’s torrent hit Central California hardest. Several spots reported 24-hour rainfall records and the deluge washed out a 150-foot section of Highway 1 in the vulnerable Big Sur area, where the road clings to unstable mountains that drop steeply to the sea. Just two years ago, another nearby section of the highway was also destroyed by an intense storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate scientists say it’s important to understand how atmospheric rivers will change as global warming drives more extremes. They’ve recently \u003ca href=\"https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/bams/100/2/bams-d-18-0023.1.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">created a scale\u003c/a> to rate their strength. Between 1978 and 2017, the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/05122019/atmospheric-rivers-climate-change-flood-mudslide-risk-rising-california-west/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10 most intense atmospheric rivers caused nearly half of all flood damage\u003c/a> in the Western United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could get worse. Stronger atmospheric rivers are part of California’s “whiplash” climate future, said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Weather_West\">Daniel Swain\u003c/a>, a climate scientist with the National Center for Atmospheric Research. “One of the things that’s really clear, the intense ones are going to become much more intense,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-018-0140-y.epdf?author_access_token=SpNm1AkLDEG2WYpjrokbt9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0N5WVXwZkTOMe5YxQC6t2N_038NWJlpDOtWZcE65BM0CfIUOL9naHt1EdpF1wss04QU_5ph14XmBsju5RABLAPbKzI7wsRPl9_D-YWN9uCCHA%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A 2018 study\u003c/a> he co-authored showed that the odds for a scenario like the storm that caused the Great Flood of 1862, when Sacramento was partially destroyed, are “perhaps as high as 50% between 2018 and 2060.” A flood of that size would devastate towns and swamp much of California’s Central Valley, a breadbasket for the entire country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the other extreme are\u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/content/112/13/3858.short\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> climate studies\u003c/a> showing that California’s future droughts will be hotter and more intense. Even some years with near normal seasonal rain and snow can end up dry as increasingly hot summers simply steam the water out of the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The events that were once thought to have been vanishingly rare, are not so rare anymore,” Swain said. “What we’re not used to are these really extreme events, above the top end of the scale. Those are the ones that test infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even absent an extreme event, changes to the timing, intensity and location of the moist flows will \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-020-02882-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">affect water supplies for towns, agriculture and natural ecosystems\u003c/a>, he added. Water managers need to be prepared for climate-driven feast or famine cycles of rain, snow and runoff, for instance operating dams more flexibly to capture as much water as possible during big downpours, while still holding back enough to reduce river flood risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building the necessary resilience won’t be easy, but since a flood on the scale of the 1862 event would cause billions in damage, figuring out ways to prepare for such risks are well worth it, Swain said. In the meantime, the threats from surging atmospheric rivers are rising fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a problem in a society where we build our infrastructure to last many decades, on the assumption that our climate does not change over 50 years,” he said. Many risks from climate extremes will become “greatly elevated with regard to how we’ve designed our infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Important Global Climate Pumps\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hazards similar to those in California are driving research into how global warming will change atmospheric rivers around the world, said University of Lisbon climate scientist Alexandre Ramos. In Europe, those intensifying moisture streams will inundate the British Isles and Scandinavia more frequently, but a northward shift detected by climate scientists could leave other areas thirsty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Globally, atmospheric rivers are the \u003ca href=\"https://ghrc.nsstc.nasa.gov/home/micro-articles/atmospheric-rivers#:~:text=The%20term%20atmospheric%20river%20is,transport%20associated%20with%20extratropical%20cyclones.&text=This%20moisture%20transport%20occurs%20under,%2C%20temperature%2C%20and%20pressure%20conditions.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">largest transporters of freshwater\u003c/a> and also distribute heat energy from equatorial regions toward the poles. Those flows are shifting because global warming is \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2020JD033158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expanding\u003c/a> bulging domes of stable, warm and dry air in the subtropics, which shunts atmospheric rivers poleward, Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wet Atlantic storm that pummeled parts of the already soggy United Kingdom last week carried swaths of moist air from around Florida all the way across the Atlantic in a weather pattern similar to an atmospheric river, climate and weather researcher \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SimonLeeWx/status/1355126950411579392\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Simon Lee wrote on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The atmosphere can hold about 7% more moisture for every 1 degree Celsius of warming, so every atmospheric river can potentially hold more moisture. One recent study found that there has been an increase in the number of atmospheric rivers since the 1980s, Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they are still relatively rare — about four per year — making it hard for researchers to separate a global warming signal from natural factors that could affect their frequency. But projections for the future are robust, showing that, with continued warming, up to eight atmospheric rivers could affect Europe each year, with some climate models even showing their frequency tripling, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we are seeing is, the rainy seasons are getting shorter, and the precipitation will become more extreme, and the extremes will become more frequent,” Ramos said. “Increased temperature means more water in the atmosphere, lowering the threshold for extremes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Portugal, like in California, atmospheric rivers are often beneficial drought-busters that fill reservoirs, so it’s also a problem if they don’t materialize, Ramos said. His research, and other studies, suggest that global warming may already be shifting atmospheric rivers poleward. He said the research describes how recent droughts in South Africa and Australia could be linked with the poleward shift of atmospheric rivers.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Atmospheric Rivers Are Becoming More Dangerous\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain’s most recent \u003ca href=\"https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/29/eaba1323\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> zoomed in on California and scrutinized the moisture, temperature and wind speeds of the strongest atmospheric rivers from ground level to their upper boundary, about two miles high, to assess the risks of extreme rain and snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since they are infrequent, it’s hard to get a statistically valid idea about how they have changed up to now, even when grouping the data from multiple atmospheric rivers together. But figuring out the mechanics of individual events at a detailed level will help predict how they’ll behave in a warmer climate in the future, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain’s analysis delivered detailed projections of increased precipitation from atmospheric rivers: 25% to 50% more across the San Joaquin Valley, a 25% to 30% increase in the northern Sacramento Valley, and 80% more in the Owens Valley, east of the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were looking at the really rare ones,” he said of the atmospheric rivers he studied. “That’s part of why we did this study, looking at events that happen a couple of times per century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By comparing the results of their analysis with observations from historic extreme storms, “It’s almost as if we had a 400-year-long record,” he said. “It’s the best we can do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the strongest atmospheric rivers, the study found a 10% to 40% increase in total accumulated precipitation. It found an even greater increase in hourly maximum precipitation rates that are above the level that could be caused solely by the increased water vapor in a warmer atmosphere, which means global warming is intensifying atmospheric rivers beyond just adding water, Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The large increase in maximum hourly precipitation intensity is critical because short blasts of intense precipitation pose a much greater risk of flash flooding and other hazards, such as debris flows and mudslides, than do equally large accumulations occurring over a longer period of time, the study found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also found that rain and snowfall from atmospheric rivers is increasing the most, proportionately, in areas that were previously sheltered from the phenomenon, like in the rain shadows on the downwind, lee sides of mountain ranges. That could increase unexpected flood and water management challenges in areas where they are not expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These findings imply substantial challenges for water and flood management in California, given future increases in intense atmospheric river-induced precipitation extremes,” the researchers wrote in their study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain said it’s also important to remember that future atmospheric rivers in a warmer climate will change snow to rain, which increases the risks of flooding even more, based on current expectations of the snow-rain ratio. Snow, of course, piles up and melts slowly, while rain runs off into streams and rivers right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With continued global warming, the study suggests that streamflows could increase beyond what would be expected just from the precipitation increase alone, because “a substantially greater fraction of precipitation is likely to fall as rain rather than snow,” the study concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Swain, the study elicited deep concerns about the prospects for an incredibly damaging megaflood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By 2060, there is a 50-50 chance of seeing a megastorm on the scale that swamped the Central Valley,” he said. “Given that would be a catastrophic flood event, I don’t think we’re fully prepared for that. For me, that almost means that, by late century, it’s almost an inevitability. That’s pretty amazing for an event that happened 5 times per millennium up to now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not going to call these findings good news,” he said. “But they could help start discussions about how to mitigate the risks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Environmental Officials Switch to Offense as Biden Takes Charge",
"headTitle": "California Environmental Officials Switch to Offense as Biden Takes Charge | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">Sacramento, at least, is excited about Washington’s new climate direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cstrong>Jared Blumenfeld\u003c/strong> and \u003cstrong>Wade Crowfoot\u003c/strong> head California’s environmental protection and natural resources agencies, respectively. Last week, they discussed with KQED’s Kevin Stark what the change from the Trump to Biden administrations might mean for California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Blumenfeld says he and other California environmental leaders are “euphoric” about a flurry of Biden administration executive orders resetting U.S. climate policy and tearing up the environmental agenda of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re coming out of a hellish period in American environmental politics,” Blumenfeld said. “That euphoria really is based on the fact that the president is taking immediate action, and climate change is one of his top four priorities with equity and the pandemic and the economy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]The heads of California’s natural resources and environmental protection agencies discuss climate policy, wildfire mitigation, fracking, and cap-and-trade in the context of the new president. [/pullquote]Biden has placed a temporary hold on new oil and gas leasing on federal lands, stating that his administration will seek to cut emissions from fossil fuels while doubling energy production from offshore wind turbines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His order to U.S. agencies to review fuel efficiency standards will be one of the most impactful changes for California, initiating a bureaucratic process that Blumenfeld hopes will establish a set of federal cleaner car rules that match California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101872390/california-strikes-emissions-deal-with-major-carmakers\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">agreement \u003c/span>\u003c/a>with major auto manufacturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s order to triple protected land and waterways across the country should also infuse the U.S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management with badly needed funds. Crowfoot says he hopes Biden will use the money to rapidly increase prescribed burns and other ecologically driven fire-mitigation measures across the nearly 19 million acres of federal forest land in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It’s a new day of partnership between the state and federal government protecting our communities and natural places from catastrophic wildfire,” Crowfoot said. “I’m convinced we have good partners on the ground in the federal agencies in California, but they’ve been starved for resources from Washington, D.C., and we’re hopeful that’s going to change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">The following excerpts from the conversation have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Newsom recently asked Biden to reissue the state’s \u003c/b>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1947538/can-he-do-that-lawyers-doubt-trump-can-kill-californias-clean-air-powers\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>waiver to set its own clean car rules\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cb>, which was rescinded by the Trump administration. Do you expect Biden will grant the waiver?\u003c/b>\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ci>Blumenfeld\u003c/i>: The president has talked to the governor explicitly about this issue, and it’s very top of mind for us to resolve, simply because it’s such a big part of California’s greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California received special authorization more than 50 years ago, when the Clean Air Act was first created and signed into law, by of all people President Nixon. And the reason for that is L.A. smog was so bad that we knew we needed standards that went further than the rest of the nation. That’s continued year in, year out, as 50% of the state’s emissions are coming from the transportation sector. If we have any chance of getting rid of our dependency on fossil fuels, which we have to in the climate battle, we need to reduce demand. And that demand comes from vehicles. The Trump administration put on hold anything that California wanted to do. We sued them and that’s still working its way through the courts. But now we can leapfrog all that kind of ridiculousness and go right to working with the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">We have to have standards for new cars between now and 2026 because the Trump administration diluted those. And then [the federal government] needs to align with California’s goal of all new vehicles by 2035 being zero emission. This isn’t a choice at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Will California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1945609/california-and-carmakers-reach-clean-vehicle-agreement-rebuking-trump-administration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agreement\u003c/a> with the car companies to abide by tougher standards on tailpipe emissions than Trump\u003cem> wanted\u003c/em> be the foundation for a new federal standard? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ci>Blumenfeld\u003c/i>: We had Obama standards that harmonized California and the rest of the federal government. Trump then blew those up. We now need to come back to the table and work out what those national standards are. And we were really thrilled that folks like Ford and Honda and BMW and VW said, “We’re going to sign an agreement with California that no matter what the Trump administration says, we’re going to have national standards for the parts of the country that may not even care about this issue; we’re going to still give them cars that meet the California standards.” That’s what’s in place. We’re hoping that GM, Toyota, Chrysler and others will join us with that framework and move forward together with the Biden administration, to come out with one standard. A lot of the people who helped construct that are now in the Biden administration. We look forward to collaborating to solve this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cb>Secretary Crowfoot, you said you want partnerships between states and the federal government on forest management and wildfire mitigation. What would be your top priority for this?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ci>Crowfoot\u003c/i>: In California, our federal agencies own and manage 57% of our forests. We are not going to make a dent protecting California against catastrophic wildfire without scaled-up funding and priority from the federal government. And I think President Biden and Vice President Harris have made it very clear that they’re going to be much more proactive partners than the last administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The top priority is to fund the U.S. Forest Service to actually do proactive forest resilience work. In recent decades, most of the Forest Service funding has been raided every year for fire response, [leaving] less and less on actually doing things like prescribed burns and ecologically sensitive treatments in the forest. And so we have to ensure that the federal government actually funds these federal agencies to get in there and do the ecologically based forest-health work that is needed, or else we’re just going to spend more and more responding. Federal funding will be an important indication of the new administration’s priority to help California combat wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">\u003cb>Newsom has called on legislators to develop legislation banning new fracking permits, but no proposal has yet emerged. Is the Newsom administration working on this?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ci>Crowfoot:\u003c/i> This fall, the governor made clear that he does not see a future for fracking in California. And he explained that he would support legislation to phase it out. It’s our understanding that legislative members are developing a proposal to phase out fracking in California. And we look forward to talking to them and working with them ultimately to meet the vision that the governor set forth this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Advocates are calling on the governor to set a date to phase out fossil fuels. Will that be part of any proposal that emerges?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>Crowfoot\u003c/em>: Fossil fuel extraction in California was at its height in 1986, and it’s been reduced every year for the last few decades. At this point, we produce about 40% of that peak use. At the same time, our consumers use over 600 million barrels of oil each year in the form of gasoline to power cars and trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">It is critical that we reduce our reliance and ultimately eliminate our reliance on fossil fuels. If no other barrel of oil came out of the ground in California but we don’t change our habits, we’ll simply be importing more oil from other parts of the world. We need to reduce and ultimately eliminate our demand if we’re going to meet the climate challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">We’ve been clear that as we phase out our demand for fossil fuels, we will phase out the supply in our state. We anticipate this will happen in coming years, as we march toward the 2045 carbon neutrality goal. I do anticipate that there will be a clear trajectory for the phasing out of both demand and supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">\u003cb>Secretary Blumenfeld, in a letter to state senators you said the opportunity to revisit the cap-and-trade program, which has been criticized by the environmental justice community, exists as part of updating CARB’s Scoping Plan. How would you like to see cap-and-trade changed? \u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Blumenfeld\u003c/em>: The cap-and-trade program is a market-based mechanism that basically does two things. Year after year, the amount of carbon that can exist under the cap goes down — that’s how you reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The second part is the trading of allowances in a market system, so that there’s an actual price on carbon; a lot of people talk nationally about the importance of putting a price on carbon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">There are two criticisms of cap-and-trade. One is that there’s an overreliance on [the allowance] mechanism. So moving forward we need to do more regulation and less market-based. The second valid critique is related to environmental justice, where you’re living in\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>low-income communities of color and say, “Well, someone shouldn’t be allowed to pay to emit more pollution in my community.” We’re going to look at both in terms of how we get to our 2030 targets. Then we have a state goal of getting to carbon neutrality by 2045; cap-and-trade will play a role but we all anticipate it will play a slightly smaller role than we originally thought. And we need to make sure that those equity concerns are brought to the forefront.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">Sacramento, at least, is excited about Washington’s new climate direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cstrong>Jared Blumenfeld\u003c/strong> and \u003cstrong>Wade Crowfoot\u003c/strong> head California’s environmental protection and natural resources agencies, respectively. Last week, they discussed with KQED’s Kevin Stark what the change from the Trump to Biden administrations might mean for California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Blumenfeld says he and other California environmental leaders are “euphoric” about a flurry of Biden administration executive orders resetting U.S. climate policy and tearing up the environmental agenda of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re coming out of a hellish period in American environmental politics,” Blumenfeld said. “That euphoria really is based on the fact that the president is taking immediate action, and climate change is one of his top four priorities with equity and the pandemic and the economy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Biden has placed a temporary hold on new oil and gas leasing on federal lands, stating that his administration will seek to cut emissions from fossil fuels while doubling energy production from offshore wind turbines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His order to U.S. agencies to review fuel efficiency standards will be one of the most impactful changes for California, initiating a bureaucratic process that Blumenfeld hopes will establish a set of federal cleaner car rules that match California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101872390/california-strikes-emissions-deal-with-major-carmakers\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">agreement \u003c/span>\u003c/a>with major auto manufacturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s order to triple protected land and waterways across the country should also infuse the U.S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management with badly needed funds. Crowfoot says he hopes Biden will use the money to rapidly increase prescribed burns and other ecologically driven fire-mitigation measures across the nearly 19 million acres of federal forest land in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It’s a new day of partnership between the state and federal government protecting our communities and natural places from catastrophic wildfire,” Crowfoot said. “I’m convinced we have good partners on the ground in the federal agencies in California, but they’ve been starved for resources from Washington, D.C., and we’re hopeful that’s going to change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">The following excerpts from the conversation have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Newsom recently asked Biden to reissue the state’s \u003c/b>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1947538/can-he-do-that-lawyers-doubt-trump-can-kill-californias-clean-air-powers\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>waiver to set its own clean car rules\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cb>, which was rescinded by the Trump administration. Do you expect Biden will grant the waiver?\u003c/b>\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ci>Blumenfeld\u003c/i>: The president has talked to the governor explicitly about this issue, and it’s very top of mind for us to resolve, simply because it’s such a big part of California’s greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California received special authorization more than 50 years ago, when the Clean Air Act was first created and signed into law, by of all people President Nixon. And the reason for that is L.A. smog was so bad that we knew we needed standards that went further than the rest of the nation. That’s continued year in, year out, as 50% of the state’s emissions are coming from the transportation sector. If we have any chance of getting rid of our dependency on fossil fuels, which we have to in the climate battle, we need to reduce demand. And that demand comes from vehicles. The Trump administration put on hold anything that California wanted to do. We sued them and that’s still working its way through the courts. But now we can leapfrog all that kind of ridiculousness and go right to working with the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">We have to have standards for new cars between now and 2026 because the Trump administration diluted those. And then [the federal government] needs to align with California’s goal of all new vehicles by 2035 being zero emission. This isn’t a choice at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Will California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1945609/california-and-carmakers-reach-clean-vehicle-agreement-rebuking-trump-administration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agreement\u003c/a> with the car companies to abide by tougher standards on tailpipe emissions than Trump\u003cem> wanted\u003c/em> be the foundation for a new federal standard? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ci>Blumenfeld\u003c/i>: We had Obama standards that harmonized California and the rest of the federal government. Trump then blew those up. We now need to come back to the table and work out what those national standards are. And we were really thrilled that folks like Ford and Honda and BMW and VW said, “We’re going to sign an agreement with California that no matter what the Trump administration says, we’re going to have national standards for the parts of the country that may not even care about this issue; we’re going to still give them cars that meet the California standards.” That’s what’s in place. We’re hoping that GM, Toyota, Chrysler and others will join us with that framework and move forward together with the Biden administration, to come out with one standard. A lot of the people who helped construct that are now in the Biden administration. We look forward to collaborating to solve this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cb>Secretary Crowfoot, you said you want partnerships between states and the federal government on forest management and wildfire mitigation. What would be your top priority for this?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ci>Crowfoot\u003c/i>: In California, our federal agencies own and manage 57% of our forests. We are not going to make a dent protecting California against catastrophic wildfire without scaled-up funding and priority from the federal government. And I think President Biden and Vice President Harris have made it very clear that they’re going to be much more proactive partners than the last administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The top priority is to fund the U.S. Forest Service to actually do proactive forest resilience work. In recent decades, most of the Forest Service funding has been raided every year for fire response, [leaving] less and less on actually doing things like prescribed burns and ecologically sensitive treatments in the forest. And so we have to ensure that the federal government actually funds these federal agencies to get in there and do the ecologically based forest-health work that is needed, or else we’re just going to spend more and more responding. Federal funding will be an important indication of the new administration’s priority to help California combat wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">\u003cb>Newsom has called on legislators to develop legislation banning new fracking permits, but no proposal has yet emerged. Is the Newsom administration working on this?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ci>Crowfoot:\u003c/i> This fall, the governor made clear that he does not see a future for fracking in California. And he explained that he would support legislation to phase it out. It’s our understanding that legislative members are developing a proposal to phase out fracking in California. And we look forward to talking to them and working with them ultimately to meet the vision that the governor set forth this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Advocates are calling on the governor to set a date to phase out fossil fuels. Will that be part of any proposal that emerges?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>Crowfoot\u003c/em>: Fossil fuel extraction in California was at its height in 1986, and it’s been reduced every year for the last few decades. At this point, we produce about 40% of that peak use. At the same time, our consumers use over 600 million barrels of oil each year in the form of gasoline to power cars and trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">It is critical that we reduce our reliance and ultimately eliminate our reliance on fossil fuels. If no other barrel of oil came out of the ground in California but we don’t change our habits, we’ll simply be importing more oil from other parts of the world. We need to reduce and ultimately eliminate our demand if we’re going to meet the climate challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">We’ve been clear that as we phase out our demand for fossil fuels, we will phase out the supply in our state. We anticipate this will happen in coming years, as we march toward the 2045 carbon neutrality goal. I do anticipate that there will be a clear trajectory for the phasing out of both demand and supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">\u003cb>Secretary Blumenfeld, in a letter to state senators you said the opportunity to revisit the cap-and-trade program, which has been criticized by the environmental justice community, exists as part of updating CARB’s Scoping Plan. How would you like to see cap-and-trade changed? \u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Blumenfeld\u003c/em>: The cap-and-trade program is a market-based mechanism that basically does two things. Year after year, the amount of carbon that can exist under the cap goes down — that’s how you reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The second part is the trading of allowances in a market system, so that there’s an actual price on carbon; a lot of people talk nationally about the importance of putting a price on carbon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">There are two criticisms of cap-and-trade. One is that there’s an overreliance on [the allowance] mechanism. So moving forward we need to do more regulation and less market-based. The second valid critique is related to environmental justice, where you’re living in\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>low-income communities of color and say, “Well, someone shouldn’t be allowed to pay to emit more pollution in my community.” We’re going to look at both in terms of how we get to our 2030 targets. Then we have a state goal of getting to carbon neutrality by 2045; cap-and-trade will play a role but we all anticipate it will play a slightly smaller role than we originally thought. And we need to make sure that those equity concerns are brought to the forefront.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">General Motors plans to phase out the manufacturing of new gasoline-powered cars, small trucks and SUVs, the company said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GM’s goal is to make the vast majority of the vehicles it produces electric by the year 2035. It aims to make the entire company, including its operations, carbon neutral five years after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chairman and CEO Mary Barra said in a LinkedIn \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/general-motors-intends-lead-auto-industry-world-future-mary-barra?trk=public_profile_article_view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">post\u003c/a> that the company’s “aspiration” is to eliminate all of its tailpipe pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The announcement comes a few months after California \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1969807/california-to-halt-sales-of-new-gas-cars-by-2035\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">banned\u003c/a> the sale of new gasoline-powered vehicles by the same year, 2035, in a bid to encourage automakers to produce more electric cars.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s announcement, as well as other states in the U.S. and other countries, reinforces the commitment that exists for policymakers to do the things that will be necessary to enable this transition,” said Dane Parker, GM’s chief sustainability officer, in an early Thursday morning call with reporters. “And that commitment certainly is an important part of our enthusiasm for being able to make the statements that we’re making today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">GM, the largest carmaker in the U.S., is an early auto industry major player in following California’s example. Japan and the United Kingdom have made similar pledges, with the U.K.’s predating California. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The changes are a major shift for the company that a short time ago \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/28/climate/general-motors-california-emissions-trump.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sided with the Trump administration\u003c/a> in its clash with California over pollution standards.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GM \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971224/gm-abandons-trumps-battle-with-california-over-clean-car-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">abandoned\u003c/a> that battle in November, and the Detroit automaker’s push into electric vehicles has gone into overdrive this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">GM has already announced that it will invest $27 billion in electric and autonomous vehicles in the next five years, a 35% increase over plans made before the pandemic. It will offer 30 all-electric models worldwide by the middle of the decade. By the end of 2025, 40% of its U.S. models will be battery electric vehicles. The company plans to include crossovers, SUVs, sedans and trucks in its electric vehicle lineup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">GM said Thursday that it will source 100% renewable energy to power its U.S. sites by 2030 and global sites by 2035. That’s five years faster than its previously announced global goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">And it has a goal of making all new light-duty vehicles, the vast majority of its fleet, fully electric within 14 years. The company will concentrate on offering zero-emissions vehicles in different price ranges. It’s also working with other organizations, including the Environmental Defense Fund, to build out the necessary infrastructure to power its electric vehicles and to promote their use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">To account for carbon emissions that it cannot eliminate, GM expects to invest in carbon credits or offsets\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">The 112-year-old auto giant unveiled a new corporate logo this month to signify its new direction as it openly pivots to electric vehicles. It wants to be seen as a clean vehicle company, rather than a builder of cloud-spewing gas-powered pickups and SUVs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">GM scrapped its old square blue logo for a lower case gm surrounded by rounded corners and an “m” that looks like an electrical plug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">It also announced a new partnership with Microsoft this month with hopes of accelerating its rollout of electric, self-driving cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">GM’s push for carbon neutrality comes a day after President Biden signed \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/01/27/executive-order-on-tackling-the-climate-crisis-at-home-and-abroad/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive orders\u003c/a> that include moving to an all-electric federal vehicle fleet. His goal is to transform the nation’s heavily fossil-fuel powered economy into a clean-burning one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">So far, Wall Street has cheered the shift by GM. Its shares this year have outpaced even high-flying Tesla, rising more than 20% to date. Shares rose almost 2% on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Michelle Chapman from the Associated Press contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ContentView-LeftRail\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"sticky-part\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"RelatedTopics\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"Article\" data-key=\"article\">\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">General Motors plans to phase out the manufacturing of new gasoline-powered cars, small trucks and SUVs, the company said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GM’s goal is to make the vast majority of the vehicles it produces electric by the year 2035. It aims to make the entire company, including its operations, carbon neutral five years after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chairman and CEO Mary Barra said in a LinkedIn \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/general-motors-intends-lead-auto-industry-world-future-mary-barra?trk=public_profile_article_view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">post\u003c/a> that the company’s “aspiration” is to eliminate all of its tailpipe pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The announcement comes a few months after California \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1969807/california-to-halt-sales-of-new-gas-cars-by-2035\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">banned\u003c/a> the sale of new gasoline-powered vehicles by the same year, 2035, in a bid to encourage automakers to produce more electric cars.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s announcement, as well as other states in the U.S. and other countries, reinforces the commitment that exists for policymakers to do the things that will be necessary to enable this transition,” said Dane Parker, GM’s chief sustainability officer, in an early Thursday morning call with reporters. “And that commitment certainly is an important part of our enthusiasm for being able to make the statements that we’re making today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">GM, the largest carmaker in the U.S., is an early auto industry major player in following California’s example. Japan and the United Kingdom have made similar pledges, with the U.K.’s predating California. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The changes are a major shift for the company that a short time ago \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/28/climate/general-motors-california-emissions-trump.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sided with the Trump administration\u003c/a> in its clash with California over pollution standards.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GM \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971224/gm-abandons-trumps-battle-with-california-over-clean-car-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">abandoned\u003c/a> that battle in November, and the Detroit automaker’s push into electric vehicles has gone into overdrive this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">GM has already announced that it will invest $27 billion in electric and autonomous vehicles in the next five years, a 35% increase over plans made before the pandemic. It will offer 30 all-electric models worldwide by the middle of the decade. By the end of 2025, 40% of its U.S. models will be battery electric vehicles. The company plans to include crossovers, SUVs, sedans and trucks in its electric vehicle lineup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">GM said Thursday that it will source 100% renewable energy to power its U.S. sites by 2030 and global sites by 2035. That’s five years faster than its previously announced global goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">And it has a goal of making all new light-duty vehicles, the vast majority of its fleet, fully electric within 14 years. The company will concentrate on offering zero-emissions vehicles in different price ranges. It’s also working with other organizations, including the Environmental Defense Fund, to build out the necessary infrastructure to power its electric vehicles and to promote their use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">To account for carbon emissions that it cannot eliminate, GM expects to invest in carbon credits or offsets\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">The 112-year-old auto giant unveiled a new corporate logo this month to signify its new direction as it openly pivots to electric vehicles. It wants to be seen as a clean vehicle company, rather than a builder of cloud-spewing gas-powered pickups and SUVs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">GM scrapped its old square blue logo for a lower case gm surrounded by rounded corners and an “m” that looks like an electrical plug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">It also announced a new partnership with Microsoft this month with hopes of accelerating its rollout of electric, self-driving cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">GM’s push for carbon neutrality comes a day after President Biden signed \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/01/27/executive-order-on-tackling-the-climate-crisis-at-home-and-abroad/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive orders\u003c/a> that include moving to an all-electric federal vehicle fleet. His goal is to transform the nation’s heavily fossil-fuel powered economy into a clean-burning one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">So far, Wall Street has cheered the shift by GM. Its shares this year have outpaced even high-flying Tesla, rising more than 20% to date. Shares rose almost 2% on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Michelle Chapman from the Associated Press contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ContentView-LeftRail\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"sticky-part\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"RelatedTopics\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"Article\" data-key=\"article\">\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Groundbreaking Bill Would Require Large Companies To Track Carbon Emissions",
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"content": "\u003cp>Large companies doing business in California would have to inventory their carbon emissions and set science-based targets for cutting them, under legislation introduced at the state capitol Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you want to do business in California, the public has a right to know what your carbon footprint is,” says state Sen. Scott Wiener, a San Francisco Democrat. “Climate change is an existential threat for our world, and we are nearing a tipping point where we’re not going to be able to pull back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Climate Corporate Accountability Act, or SB 260, would apply to all companies making more than a billion dollars a year and doing business in California, regardless of where the company has headquarters. It would require these businesses to disclose a thorough inventory of their carbon emissions each year. That kind of deep accounting would include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Direct emissions, such as burning fossil fuels at a refinery, or emissions from trucks and planes at a freight company;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Indirect emissions, caused by, for example, the electricity used to keep lights on in a building; and\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Harder-to-measure secondary emissions, including the carbon footprint of business travel and employee commutes, and emissions produced in the company’s supply chain.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If the legislation passes, the California Air Resources Board would develop accounting rules giving major corporations three years to be transparent about their climate impacts, and one more year to take action. Companies would then report their carbon inventories annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener says detailed climate emissions data could enable regulators to enforce limits for ozone, particulate matter, and cancer-causing air pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once businesses are disclosing their comprehensive carbon footprint, not just their core operations, but also their electricity they’re using, their supply chains, their employee commutes and so forth, it creates accountability,” says Wiener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation comes as major investors and some corporations appear to be shifting attitudes toward accountability, if not transparency, around their contributions to climate change. Not long ago, the chief executive of the world’s biggest investment manager, BlackRock, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/26/business/dealbook/larry-fink-letter-blackrock-climate.html\">called on\u003c/a> companies “to disclose a plan for how their business model will be compatible with a net-zero economy,” and \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/jan/26/asset-manager-blackrock-threatens-to-sell-shares-in-worst-climate-polluters\">threatened\u003c/a> to sell shares in the world’s worst climate polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you go into fast-food restaurants in California, you know what the calories are, because the state said people have to be able to understand this in order to make decisions in a healthy and open way,” says Michael Schmitz, Carbon Accountable’s co-executive director. “In the climate area the need for that kind of data is the same, and we think that data should be public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some sectors of the economy, including large carbon emitters from stationary sources, already disclose some emissions to state regulators, as part of California’s cap-and-trade program. Wiener says the legislation expands on that principle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not that many companies do it and they don’t report a broad enough array of their carbon emissions,” Wiener says. “We already have a foundation and we’re building on that and making it more comprehensive and broader.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://carbonaccountable.org/\">Carbon Accountable\u003c/a>, which worked with Wiener in crafting the legislation, says that as many 1,400 publicly-traded companies and 3,800 private ones might be subject to the proposed requirements, based on Dun & Bradstreet records. That includes a diverse array of companies from Facebook to FedEx.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the key thing is making sure that we understand where the emissions are coming from in our goal of getting to zero emissions or carbon neutrality by 2045,” said EPA Secretary Jared Blumenfeld, who added, “we really need to move to an economy-wide program” to achieve that goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No other state has required either full carbon-footprint transparency of companies, or science-based goals for reducing emissions. Carbon Accountable’s Schmitz says that, according to his research, SB 260 would be the first accountability rule of its kind in the country. The California League of Conservation Voters and Sunrise Bay Area also sponsor the bill.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Large companies doing business in California would have to inventory their carbon emissions and set science-based targets for cutting them, under legislation introduced at the state capitol Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you want to do business in California, the public has a right to know what your carbon footprint is,” says state Sen. Scott Wiener, a San Francisco Democrat. “Climate change is an existential threat for our world, and we are nearing a tipping point where we’re not going to be able to pull back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Climate Corporate Accountability Act, or SB 260, would apply to all companies making more than a billion dollars a year and doing business in California, regardless of where the company has headquarters. It would require these businesses to disclose a thorough inventory of their carbon emissions each year. That kind of deep accounting would include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Direct emissions, such as burning fossil fuels at a refinery, or emissions from trucks and planes at a freight company;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Indirect emissions, caused by, for example, the electricity used to keep lights on in a building; and\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Harder-to-measure secondary emissions, including the carbon footprint of business travel and employee commutes, and emissions produced in the company’s supply chain.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If the legislation passes, the California Air Resources Board would develop accounting rules giving major corporations three years to be transparent about their climate impacts, and one more year to take action. Companies would then report their carbon inventories annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener says detailed climate emissions data could enable regulators to enforce limits for ozone, particulate matter, and cancer-causing air pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once businesses are disclosing their comprehensive carbon footprint, not just their core operations, but also their electricity they’re using, their supply chains, their employee commutes and so forth, it creates accountability,” says Wiener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation comes as major investors and some corporations appear to be shifting attitudes toward accountability, if not transparency, around their contributions to climate change. Not long ago, the chief executive of the world’s biggest investment manager, BlackRock, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/26/business/dealbook/larry-fink-letter-blackrock-climate.html\">called on\u003c/a> companies “to disclose a plan for how their business model will be compatible with a net-zero economy,” and \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/jan/26/asset-manager-blackrock-threatens-to-sell-shares-in-worst-climate-polluters\">threatened\u003c/a> to sell shares in the world’s worst climate polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you go into fast-food restaurants in California, you know what the calories are, because the state said people have to be able to understand this in order to make decisions in a healthy and open way,” says Michael Schmitz, Carbon Accountable’s co-executive director. “In the climate area the need for that kind of data is the same, and we think that data should be public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some sectors of the economy, including large carbon emitters from stationary sources, already disclose some emissions to state regulators, as part of California’s cap-and-trade program. Wiener says the legislation expands on that principle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not that many companies do it and they don’t report a broad enough array of their carbon emissions,” Wiener says. “We already have a foundation and we’re building on that and making it more comprehensive and broader.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://carbonaccountable.org/\">Carbon Accountable\u003c/a>, which worked with Wiener in crafting the legislation, says that as many 1,400 publicly-traded companies and 3,800 private ones might be subject to the proposed requirements, based on Dun & Bradstreet records. That includes a diverse array of companies from Facebook to FedEx.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the key thing is making sure that we understand where the emissions are coming from in our goal of getting to zero emissions or carbon neutrality by 2045,” said EPA Secretary Jared Blumenfeld, who added, “we really need to move to an economy-wide program” to achieve that goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No other state has required either full carbon-footprint transparency of companies, or science-based goals for reducing emissions. Carbon Accountable’s Schmitz says that, according to his research, SB 260 would be the first accountability rule of its kind in the country. The California League of Conservation Voters and Sunrise Bay Area also sponsor the bill.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "‘We Can’t Wait Any Longer’: Biden Issues Sweeping Executive Orders on Climate",
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"content": "\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2bpSkdYUtNU&feature=emb_logo\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the most ambitious U.S. effort to stave off the worst effects of climate change, President Biden issued executive orders Wednesday to cut oil, gas and coal emissions and double energy production from offshore wind turbines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">The orders target federal subsidies for oil and other fossil fuels and halt new oil and gas leases on federal lands and waters. They also aim to conserve 30% of the country’s lands and ocean waters in the next 10 years and move to an all-electric federal vehicle fleet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden’s sweeping plan is aimed at slowing human-caused global warming, but it also carries political risk for the president and Democrats as oil- and coal-producing states face job losses from moves to sharply increase U.S. reliance on clean energy such as wind and solar power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“We can’t wait any longer″ to address the climate crisis, Biden said at the White House. ”We see with our own eyes. We know it in our bones. It is time to act.″\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">He said his orders will “supercharge our administration’s ambitious plan to confront the existential threat of climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden has set a goal of eliminating pollution from fossil fuel in the power sector by 2035 and from the U.S. economy overall by 2050, speeding what is already a market-driven growth of solar and wind energy and lessening the country’s dependence on oil and gas. The aggressive plan is aimed at slowing human-caused global warming that is magnifying extreme weather events such as deadly wildfires in the West and drenching rains and hurricanes in the East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden acknowledged the political risk, repeatedly stating that his approach would create jobs in the renewable energy and automotive sectors to offset any losses in oil, coal or natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“When I think of climate change and the answers to it, I think of jobs,” Biden said. “We’re going to put people to work. We’re not going to lose jobs. These aren’t pie-in-the-sky dreams. These are concrete actionable solutions. And we know how to do this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">In a change from previous administrations of both parties, Biden also is directing agencies to focus help and investment on the low-income and minority communities that live closest to polluting refineries and other hazards, and the oil- and coal-patch towns that face job losses as the U.S. moves to sharply increase its reliance on wind, solar and other other energy sources that do not emit climate-warming greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden pledged to create up to a million jobs building electric cars, as well as installing solar panels, wind turbines, “capping abandoned walls, reclaiming mines, turning old brownfield sites into the new hubs of economic growth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Even so, Republicans immediately criticized the plan as a job killer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“Pie-in-the-sky government mandates and directives that restrict our mining, oil, and gas industries adversely impact our energy security and independence,” said Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers of Washington state, the top Republican on the House Energy and Commerce Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“At a time when millions are struggling due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the last thing Americans need is big government destroying jobs, while costing the economy billions of dollars,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden also is elevating climate change to a national security priority. The conservation plan would set aside millions of acres for recreation, wildlife and climate efforts by 2030 as part of Biden’s campaign pledge for a $2 trillion program to slow global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Former President Donald Trump, who ridiculed the science of climate change, withdrew the U.S. from the Paris global climate accord, opened more public lands to coal, gas and oil production and weakened regulation on fossil fuel emissions. Experts say these emissions are heating the Earth’s climate dangerously and worsening floods, droughts and other natural disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Georgia Tech climate scientist Kim Cobb called the executive orders an “excellent start” for the new administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“If this Day 7 momentum is representative of this administration’s four-year term, there is every reason to believe that we might achieve carbon neutrality sooner than 2050,” even as key roadblocks lie ahead, Cobb said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden’s actions came as his nominee for energy secretary, former Michigan Gov. Jennifer Granholm, faced deep skepticism from Republicans as she tried to pitch the president’s vision for a green economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“The last Democratic administration went on a regulatory rampage to slow or stop energy production,” said Wyoming Sen. John Barrasso, a leading Republican on the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee. “I’m not going to sit idly by … if the Biden administration enforces policies that threaten Wyoming’s economy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Granholm, as the leader of a state devastated by the 2008 recession, said she knew what it was like to “look in the eyes of men and women who have lost their jobs through no fault of their own.” She promoted emerging clean energy technologies, such as battery manufacturing, as an answer for jobs that will be lost as the U.S. transitions away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Granholm and other officials said the investment in cleaner energy nationally will net millions of jobs. But that probably will take years to happen, and the orders will face intense opposition from oil and gas and power plant industries, as well as from many Republican — and Democratic — lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“The environmental left is leading the agenda at the White House when it comes to energy and environment issues,″ said Kathleen Sgamma, president of the Western Energy Alliance, which represents oil and gas drillers in Western states. The group filed a legal challenge soon after Biden signed the orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden is seeking to double energy production from offshore wind after the Trump administration slowed permit review of some giant offshore wind turbine projects. Significantly, he is directing agencies to eliminate spending that acts as subsidies for fossil fuel industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“The fossil fuel industry has inflicted tremendous damage on the planet. The administration’s review, if done correctly, will show that filthy fracking and drilling must end for good, everywhere,″ said Kierán Suckling, executive director at the Center for Biological Diversity, an environmental group that has pushed for the drilling pause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Oil industry groups said Biden had already eliminated thousands of oil and gas jobs by killing \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-alberta-2fbcce48372f5c29c3ae6f6f93907a6d\">the Keystone XL oil pipeline\u003c/a> on his first day in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“Do not be fooled, this is a ban” on drilling, said Dan Naatz of the Independent Petroleum Association of America. “The Biden administration’s plan to obliterate the jobs of American oil and gas explorers and producers has been on clear display.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">The pause in onshore leasing is limited to federal lands and does not affect drilling on private lands, which is largely regulated by states. It also will not affect existing leases and could be further blunted by companies that stockpiled enough drilling permits in Trump’s final months to allow them to keep pumping oil and gas for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">The order exempts tribal lands, mainly in the West, that are used for energy production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden also will direct all U.S. agencies to use science and evidence-based decision-making in federal rule-making and announce a U.S.-hosted climate leaders summit on Earth Day, April 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Alexandra Jaffe and Brian Slodysko contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/2bpSkdYUtNU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/2bpSkdYUtNU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>In the most ambitious U.S. effort to stave off the worst effects of climate change, President Biden issued executive orders Wednesday to cut oil, gas and coal emissions and double energy production from offshore wind turbines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">The orders target federal subsidies for oil and other fossil fuels and halt new oil and gas leases on federal lands and waters. They also aim to conserve 30% of the country’s lands and ocean waters in the next 10 years and move to an all-electric federal vehicle fleet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden’s sweeping plan is aimed at slowing human-caused global warming, but it also carries political risk for the president and Democrats as oil- and coal-producing states face job losses from moves to sharply increase U.S. reliance on clean energy such as wind and solar power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“We can’t wait any longer″ to address the climate crisis, Biden said at the White House. ”We see with our own eyes. We know it in our bones. It is time to act.″\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">He said his orders will “supercharge our administration’s ambitious plan to confront the existential threat of climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden has set a goal of eliminating pollution from fossil fuel in the power sector by 2035 and from the U.S. economy overall by 2050, speeding what is already a market-driven growth of solar and wind energy and lessening the country’s dependence on oil and gas. The aggressive plan is aimed at slowing human-caused global warming that is magnifying extreme weather events such as deadly wildfires in the West and drenching rains and hurricanes in the East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden acknowledged the political risk, repeatedly stating that his approach would create jobs in the renewable energy and automotive sectors to offset any losses in oil, coal or natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“When I think of climate change and the answers to it, I think of jobs,” Biden said. “We’re going to put people to work. We’re not going to lose jobs. These aren’t pie-in-the-sky dreams. These are concrete actionable solutions. And we know how to do this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">In a change from previous administrations of both parties, Biden also is directing agencies to focus help and investment on the low-income and minority communities that live closest to polluting refineries and other hazards, and the oil- and coal-patch towns that face job losses as the U.S. moves to sharply increase its reliance on wind, solar and other other energy sources that do not emit climate-warming greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden pledged to create up to a million jobs building electric cars, as well as installing solar panels, wind turbines, “capping abandoned walls, reclaiming mines, turning old brownfield sites into the new hubs of economic growth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Even so, Republicans immediately criticized the plan as a job killer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“Pie-in-the-sky government mandates and directives that restrict our mining, oil, and gas industries adversely impact our energy security and independence,” said Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers of Washington state, the top Republican on the House Energy and Commerce Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“At a time when millions are struggling due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the last thing Americans need is big government destroying jobs, while costing the economy billions of dollars,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden also is elevating climate change to a national security priority. The conservation plan would set aside millions of acres for recreation, wildlife and climate efforts by 2030 as part of Biden’s campaign pledge for a $2 trillion program to slow global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Former President Donald Trump, who ridiculed the science of climate change, withdrew the U.S. from the Paris global climate accord, opened more public lands to coal, gas and oil production and weakened regulation on fossil fuel emissions. Experts say these emissions are heating the Earth’s climate dangerously and worsening floods, droughts and other natural disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Georgia Tech climate scientist Kim Cobb called the executive orders an “excellent start” for the new administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“If this Day 7 momentum is representative of this administration’s four-year term, there is every reason to believe that we might achieve carbon neutrality sooner than 2050,” even as key roadblocks lie ahead, Cobb said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden’s actions came as his nominee for energy secretary, former Michigan Gov. Jennifer Granholm, faced deep skepticism from Republicans as she tried to pitch the president’s vision for a green economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“The last Democratic administration went on a regulatory rampage to slow or stop energy production,” said Wyoming Sen. John Barrasso, a leading Republican on the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee. “I’m not going to sit idly by … if the Biden administration enforces policies that threaten Wyoming’s economy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Granholm, as the leader of a state devastated by the 2008 recession, said she knew what it was like to “look in the eyes of men and women who have lost their jobs through no fault of their own.” She promoted emerging clean energy technologies, such as battery manufacturing, as an answer for jobs that will be lost as the U.S. transitions away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Granholm and other officials said the investment in cleaner energy nationally will net millions of jobs. But that probably will take years to happen, and the orders will face intense opposition from oil and gas and power plant industries, as well as from many Republican — and Democratic — lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“The environmental left is leading the agenda at the White House when it comes to energy and environment issues,″ said Kathleen Sgamma, president of the Western Energy Alliance, which represents oil and gas drillers in Western states. The group filed a legal challenge soon after Biden signed the orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden is seeking to double energy production from offshore wind after the Trump administration slowed permit review of some giant offshore wind turbine projects. Significantly, he is directing agencies to eliminate spending that acts as subsidies for fossil fuel industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“The fossil fuel industry has inflicted tremendous damage on the planet. The administration’s review, if done correctly, will show that filthy fracking and drilling must end for good, everywhere,″ said Kierán Suckling, executive director at the Center for Biological Diversity, an environmental group that has pushed for the drilling pause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Oil industry groups said Biden had already eliminated thousands of oil and gas jobs by killing \u003ca class=\"\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-alberta-2fbcce48372f5c29c3ae6f6f93907a6d\">the Keystone XL oil pipeline\u003c/a> on his first day in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">“Do not be fooled, this is a ban” on drilling, said Dan Naatz of the Independent Petroleum Association of America. “The Biden administration’s plan to obliterate the jobs of American oil and gas explorers and producers has been on clear display.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">The pause in onshore leasing is limited to federal lands and does not affect drilling on private lands, which is largely regulated by states. It also will not affect existing leases and could be further blunted by companies that stockpiled enough drilling permits in Trump’s final months to allow them to keep pumping oil and gas for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">The order exempts tribal lands, mainly in the West, that are used for energy production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden also will direct all U.S. agencies to use science and evidence-based decision-making in federal rule-making and announce a U.S.-hosted climate leaders summit on Earth Day, April 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Alexandra Jaffe and Brian Slodysko contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Biden is moving quickly on climate change on his first day in office, saying he plans to sign a sweeping executive order to undo many of the Trump administration’s environmental rollbacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s pledge to rejoin the international Paris climate accord tops his list of immediate steps. Former President Donald Trump announced the United States’ withdrawal from the landmark agreement in 2017, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/11/03/930312701/u-s-officially-leaving-paris-climate-agreement\">completed in November 2020\u003c/a>. Trump’s administration also weakened or undid other, lesser-known climate and environmental policies that Biden has vowed to restore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden will instruct federal agencies to review more than 100 policies, many crucial to curbing heat-trapping emissions, including fuel economy standards for cars and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/13/901863874/trumps-methane-rollback-that-big-oil-doesn-t-want\">pollution limits on the oil and gas industry\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A cry for survival comes from the planet itself, a cry that can’t be any more desperate or any more clear,” Biden said \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/inauguration-day-live-updates/2021/01/20/958793060/biden-celebrates-triumph-of-democracy-in-inaugural-address\">in his inaugural address\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration systematically loosened Obama-era environmental standards that range from from energy efficiency standards for appliances and buildings to air quality standards designed to protect public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those rollbacks, like fuel economy standards for cars and trucks, went further than industry wanted. Under Obama, automakers had negotiated efficiency standards that gradually became tougher year after year. Federal agencies under Trump instead froze the standards, leading some automakers to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/25/745389326/california-signs-deal-with-automakers-to-produce-fuel-efficient-cars\">voluntarily agree\u003c/a> to continue with the tougher rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuel efficiency of cars and trucks in the U.S. fell for the first time in five years in 2019, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Transportation is the country’s largest source of greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration will also instruct the federal government to consider the long-term economic impacts of climate change when making new regulations, what’s known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/assets/710/707776.pdf\">“social cost” of carbon\u003c/a>. Under Obama, those costs were weighed against the immediate cost a new regulation might pose to an industry, given that climate impacts are increasingly costing billions across many economic sectors. The Trump administration did away with that practice in 2017. Biden is reestablishing the working group to issue those guidelines, including weighing “environmental justice and intergenerational equity” considerations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The planned moves were applauded by environmental groups, who warn that the U.S. has little time to act to cut emissions. Scientists say that the world is on track to exceed 1.5 Celsius of warming, which will lead to higher sea level rise and more extreme heat waves and hurricanes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sweeping nature of these executive orders are an important down payment in addressing the tatters left behind by President Trump,” Dr. Kathleen Rest, executive director at the Union of Concerned Scientists, said in a statement. “They seek to reverse policies that fly in the face of science, harm public health and degrade the environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Biden+Moves+Quickly+On+Climate+Change%2C+Reversing+Trump+Rollbacks&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Biden is moving quickly on climate change on his first day in office, saying he plans to sign a sweeping executive order to undo many of the Trump administration’s environmental rollbacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s pledge to rejoin the international Paris climate accord tops his list of immediate steps. Former President Donald Trump announced the United States’ withdrawal from the landmark agreement in 2017, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/11/03/930312701/u-s-officially-leaving-paris-climate-agreement\">completed in November 2020\u003c/a>. Trump’s administration also weakened or undid other, lesser-known climate and environmental policies that Biden has vowed to restore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden will instruct federal agencies to review more than 100 policies, many crucial to curbing heat-trapping emissions, including fuel economy standards for cars and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/13/901863874/trumps-methane-rollback-that-big-oil-doesn-t-want\">pollution limits on the oil and gas industry\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A cry for survival comes from the planet itself, a cry that can’t be any more desperate or any more clear,” Biden said \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/inauguration-day-live-updates/2021/01/20/958793060/biden-celebrates-triumph-of-democracy-in-inaugural-address\">in his inaugural address\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration systematically loosened Obama-era environmental standards that range from from energy efficiency standards for appliances and buildings to air quality standards designed to protect public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those rollbacks, like fuel economy standards for cars and trucks, went further than industry wanted. Under Obama, automakers had negotiated efficiency standards that gradually became tougher year after year. Federal agencies under Trump instead froze the standards, leading some automakers to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/25/745389326/california-signs-deal-with-automakers-to-produce-fuel-efficient-cars\">voluntarily agree\u003c/a> to continue with the tougher rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuel efficiency of cars and trucks in the U.S. fell for the first time in five years in 2019, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Transportation is the country’s largest source of greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration will also instruct the federal government to consider the long-term economic impacts of climate change when making new regulations, what’s known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/assets/710/707776.pdf\">“social cost” of carbon\u003c/a>. Under Obama, those costs were weighed against the immediate cost a new regulation might pose to an industry, given that climate impacts are increasingly costing billions across many economic sectors. The Trump administration did away with that practice in 2017. Biden is reestablishing the working group to issue those guidelines, including weighing “environmental justice and intergenerational equity” considerations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The planned moves were applauded by environmental groups, who warn that the U.S. has little time to act to cut emissions. Scientists say that the world is on track to exceed 1.5 Celsius of warming, which will lead to higher sea level rise and more extreme heat waves and hurricanes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sweeping nature of these executive orders are an important down payment in addressing the tatters left behind by President Trump,” Dr. Kathleen Rest, executive director at the Union of Concerned Scientists, said in a statement. “They seek to reverse policies that fly in the face of science, harm public health and degrade the environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Biden+Moves+Quickly+On+Climate+Change%2C+Reversing+Trump+Rollbacks&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Here's How Newsom's Proposing to Spend $4.1 Billion on the Climate and Environment",
"headTitle": "Here’s How Newsom’s Proposing to Spend $4.1 Billion on the Climate and Environment | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">The $227 billion budget proposed on Friday by Gov. Gavin Newsom includes $4.1 billion in spending on a suite of environmental initiatives meant to fight climate change, gird California against devastating wildfires, reduce smog, and bolster the adoption of clean vehicles on the state’s roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the pandemic-induced recession, the fact that California has so much to spend on the environment is remarkable, but the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1964349/newsom-proposes-huge-cuts-to-environmental-programs-in-latest-budget\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state is looking at a $15 billion surplus\u003c/a> thanks to a progressive tax structure that helped capture huge capital gains generated by a soaring stock market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only eight months ago, in May, Newsom was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1964349/newsom-proposes-huge-cuts-to-environmental-programs-in-latest-budget\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">forced\u003c/span>\u003c/a> to at least temporarily abandon his biggest climate priorities in order help fill a $54.3 billion deficit.\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>But now the coffers are full enough for the governor to propose his biggest-ticket environmental expenditure, nearly $1.5 billion for the construction of charging stations and electric vehicle incentives in anticipation of a massive amount of new electric cars, trucks and other vehicles roaming state roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he thinks the money could ensure California’s dominance as an EV marketplace. The proposed funding comes after his executive order last year to end the sale of new gasoline-powered cars in the state by the year 2035, a move Newsom says will slash planet-warming emissions by 35%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to accelerate our efforts on alternative fuel vehicles,” Newsom said Friday. “Remember, this is a climate move, not just an economic move, because at the end of the day, it’s about health. It’s about asthma. It’s about dirty air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration says the new spending will create jobs and reduce smog in heavily impacted areas of the state. Newsom wants to leverage private-sector investment to boost these efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“This is where the world is going,” he said. “You want to be big. You’ve got to be big in big things. Nothing bigger than low-carbon, green growth; nothing more impactful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Cal_OPR/status/1347641727662907393?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Nowicki, California climate policy director at the Center for Biological Diversity, applauded the investment in emissions-free vehicles, but he said the state “needs to make sure those investments are optimally applied to boost both economic and environmental equality in California’s most polluted and underserved communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom is also proposing $384 million to support agricultural programs that sequester carbon and fight climate change, and he wants to spend $300 million from the state’s general fund to pay for toxic waste cleanup in areas facing high public health risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Kate Gordon, Newsom’s senior climate policy adviser, said during a press call that the budget “highlights our commitment for a carbon neutral, climate resilient and equitable future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Addressing Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">After a devastating wildfire year in which more than 9,000 blazes consumed more than 5 million acres of the state, the governor proposed a billion dollars in new spending on wildfire prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">On the press call, Wade Crowfoot, California’s natural resources secretary, says the state is focusing resources on fostering ecological resilience to big fires, by reintroducing managed burns and thinning out forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see the growth of our catastrophic wildfires and climate change and realize that we cannot respond our way out of this crisis,” he said. “We have to do a lot more upfront to build our resilience … and find a way to use ecological fire on the land, and take a lot of actions to protect both our communities and our natural places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">As part of that plan, Newsom wants to spend $512 million on forest management, which would pay for prescribed fire, fire breaks, home hardening and direct investment in tribes to sustainably manage their land. \u003cspan class=\"s5\">Fuel breaks, strips of land that are altered as a preventative measure to help slow the spread of a fire, were credited with saving lives and homes during this past wildfire season.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The governor also wants to hire at least 30 more fire crews, with 15 members per crew, and purchase new air tankers, helicopters and equipment.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s6\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">State Sen. Bill Dodd, who represents several fire-prone counties, including Sonoma and Napa, said the new budget reflects the importance of investing in prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“The reality is we’re not able to fight these climate-driven fires anywhere near what our expectations were,” he said. “Our experience shows us that we have to do more on prevention. And I believe that this budget does that.” \u003cspan class=\"s4\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Environmental groups such as the Save the Redwoods League applauded the proposed focus on prevention and proactive forest management, saying California’s coastal redwood and giant sequoia forests would benefit.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">The $227 billion budget proposed on Friday by Gov. Gavin Newsom includes $4.1 billion in spending on a suite of environmental initiatives meant to fight climate change, gird California against devastating wildfires, reduce smog, and bolster the adoption of clean vehicles on the state’s roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the pandemic-induced recession, the fact that California has so much to spend on the environment is remarkable, but the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1964349/newsom-proposes-huge-cuts-to-environmental-programs-in-latest-budget\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state is looking at a $15 billion surplus\u003c/a> thanks to a progressive tax structure that helped capture huge capital gains generated by a soaring stock market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only eight months ago, in May, Newsom was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1964349/newsom-proposes-huge-cuts-to-environmental-programs-in-latest-budget\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">forced\u003c/span>\u003c/a> to at least temporarily abandon his biggest climate priorities in order help fill a $54.3 billion deficit.\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>But now the coffers are full enough for the governor to propose his biggest-ticket environmental expenditure, nearly $1.5 billion for the construction of charging stations and electric vehicle incentives in anticipation of a massive amount of new electric cars, trucks and other vehicles roaming state roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he thinks the money could ensure California’s dominance as an EV marketplace. The proposed funding comes after his executive order last year to end the sale of new gasoline-powered cars in the state by the year 2035, a move Newsom says will slash planet-warming emissions by 35%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to accelerate our efforts on alternative fuel vehicles,” Newsom said Friday. “Remember, this is a climate move, not just an economic move, because at the end of the day, it’s about health. It’s about asthma. It’s about dirty air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration says the new spending will create jobs and reduce smog in heavily impacted areas of the state. Newsom wants to leverage private-sector investment to boost these efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“This is where the world is going,” he said. “You want to be big. You’ve got to be big in big things. Nothing bigger than low-carbon, green growth; nothing more impactful.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Brian Nowicki, California climate policy director at the Center for Biological Diversity, applauded the investment in emissions-free vehicles, but he said the state “needs to make sure those investments are optimally applied to boost both economic and environmental equality in California’s most polluted and underserved communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom is also proposing $384 million to support agricultural programs that sequester carbon and fight climate change, and he wants to spend $300 million from the state’s general fund to pay for toxic waste cleanup in areas facing high public health risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Kate Gordon, Newsom’s senior climate policy adviser, said during a press call that the budget “highlights our commitment for a carbon neutral, climate resilient and equitable future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Addressing Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">After a devastating wildfire year in which more than 9,000 blazes consumed more than 5 million acres of the state, the governor proposed a billion dollars in new spending on wildfire prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">On the press call, Wade Crowfoot, California’s natural resources secretary, says the state is focusing resources on fostering ecological resilience to big fires, by reintroducing managed burns and thinning out forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see the growth of our catastrophic wildfires and climate change and realize that we cannot respond our way out of this crisis,” he said. “We have to do a lot more upfront to build our resilience … and find a way to use ecological fire on the land, and take a lot of actions to protect both our communities and our natural places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">As part of that plan, Newsom wants to spend $512 million on forest management, which would pay for prescribed fire, fire breaks, home hardening and direct investment in tribes to sustainably manage their land. \u003cspan class=\"s5\">Fuel breaks, strips of land that are altered as a preventative measure to help slow the spread of a fire, were credited with saving lives and homes during this past wildfire season.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The governor also wants to hire at least 30 more fire crews, with 15 members per crew, and purchase new air tankers, helicopters and equipment.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s6\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">State Sen. Bill Dodd, who represents several fire-prone counties, including Sonoma and Napa, said the new budget reflects the importance of investing in prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“The reality is we’re not able to fight these climate-driven fires anywhere near what our expectations were,” he said. “Our experience shows us that we have to do more on prevention. And I believe that this budget does that.” \u003cspan class=\"s4\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Environmental groups such as the Save the Redwoods League applauded the proposed focus on prevention and proactive forest management, saying California’s coastal redwood and giant sequoia forests would benefit.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Global Warming Could Stop Relatively Quickly If Emissions Go to Zero, Research Suggests",
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"content": "\u003cp>Parts of the world economy may have been on pause during 2020, dampening greenhouse gas emissions for a while. But that didn’t slow the overall buildup of atmospheric carbon dioxide, which reached its \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23112020/covid-19-coronavirus-shutdowns-greenhouse-gas-emissions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highest level\u003c/a> in millions of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If anything, research during the year showed global warming is accelerating. Symptoms of the fever include off-the-charts \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13072020/africa-heat-waves-climate-science/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">heat waves on land\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/14012020/ocean-heat-2019-warmest-year-argo-hurricanes-corals-marine-animals-heatwaves/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in the oceans\u003c/a>, and a hyperactive and \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24122020/hurricanes-atlantic-extreme-weather-warming-climate-storms-louisiana-environmental-justice/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">destructive Atlantic hurricane season\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And through November, the last year was on pace to end up as either the hottest, or second-hottest on record for the planet, almost 1 degree Celsius above pre-industrial times, inching closer to the 1.5 degree limit set by the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/tags/paris-climate-agreement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paris climate agreement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are five aspects of climate change that were new and unexpected in 2020:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Making it Stop\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scientists are punctuating their alarming warnings with hopeful messages because they know that the worst possible outcome is avoidable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent research shows that stopping greenhouse gas emissions will break the vicious cycle of warming temperatures, melting ice, wildfires and rising sea levels faster than expected just a few years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is less warming in the pipeline than we thought, said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Grantham_IC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Imperial College\u003c/a> (London) climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JoeriRogelj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joeri Rogelj\u003c/a>, a lead author of the next major climate assessment from the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/IPCC_CH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is our best understanding that, if we bring down CO2 to net zero, the warming will level off. The climate will stabilize within a decade or two,” he said. “There will be very little to no additional warming. Our best estimate is zero.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The widespread idea that decades, or even centuries, of additional warming are already baked into the system, as suggested by previous IPCC reports, were based on an “unfortunate misunderstanding of experiments done with climate models that never assumed zero emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those models assumed that concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere would remain constant, that it would take centuries before they decline, said Penn State climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MichaelEMann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Mann\u003c/a>, who discussed the shifting consensus last October during a segment of “60 Minutes” on CBS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea that global warming could stop relatively quickly after emissions go to zero was described as a “game-changing new scientific understanding” by \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjr.org/covering_climate_now/michael-mann-60-minutes-emissions-warming.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Covering Climate Now\u003c/a>, a collaboration of news organizations covering climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This really is true,” Mann said. “It’s a dramatic change in the paradigm that has been lost on many who cover this issue, perhaps because it hasn’t been well explained by the scientific community. It’s an important development that is still under appreciated. It’s definitely the scientific consensus now that warming stabilizes quickly, within 10 years, of emissions going to zero,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The La Niña Effect?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scientists noted that the persistent heating came even with the tropical Pacific Ocean tilting toward a cyclical cooling phase that suppresses the global average temperature slightly. November’s warmth across the planet was “stunning, especially considering the ongoing La Niña,” Zack Labe, an atmospheric scientist at Colorado State University, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ZLabe/status/1338629095630893057\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">posted on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During La Niña, cooler than average sea surface temperatures spread across a large part of the tropical Pacific. During the warm El Niño phase every few years, it’s the opposite, and that’s usually when global temperatures spike to new records, most recently in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The global climate signal from the cycle usually is strongest about three or four months after the ocean cycle peaks, so the full effect won’t be known until next year, said climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/rahmstorf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stefan Rahmstorf\u003c/a>, with the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/PIK_Climate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research\u003c/a>. He said, “2020 may beat 2016 without the extra push from El Niño.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s warming is another sign that “heat being trapped by greenhouse gases” is overwhelming the planet’s natural variability, said Jennifer Francis, a climate scientist with the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/WoodwellClimate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Woodwell Climate Research Center\u003c/a> in Massachusetts (formerly the Woods Hole Research Center).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate to think what the global temperature would have been this year if we’d been in an El Niño rather than La Niña,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Polar Breakdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warming in the Arctic and Antarctic continues to accelerate faster than the global average, scientists reported this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, NASA Earth \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NASAEarth/status/1308107859620700163\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wrote on Twitter\u003c/a> that, “The Arctic region is warming three times as fast as the rest of the planet, with effects beyond the ocean.” In recent years, the rate of Arctic warming was widely reported at twice the global average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in June, a team of scientists tracked a similar rate of warming in Antarctica. Their research, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-020-0815-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">published in Nature\u003c/a>, found that, since 1989, the average temperature at the South Pole increased about 0.6 degrees Fahrenheit per decade, also three times as fast as the global average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The warming of the polar regions disrupts global climate patterns in ways that can cause more \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29082020/climate-extremes-record-heat-wildfires-hurricane-laura-floods/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">extreme droughts, floods and heat waves\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/todaysnews/27022020/climate-change-pushing-giant-ocean-currents-poleward\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">changes in climate-regulating ocean currents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScD3po0aq0FiqwmDBNL2fCxH7uuUyUpWQDTZyESsPQrhim91w/viewform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">letter\u003c/a> to the incoming Biden administration, 193 Arctic scientists spelled out their growing concerns, including acidification of the Arctic Ocean that threatens U.S. fisheries, and a loss of sea ice that contributes to “persistent heat waves and cold spells, prolonged stormy periods, and extended droughts that greatly worsen Western wildfires.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rapid Arctic warming has also triggered permafrost thaw that is “now releasing carbon at the same scale as many larger nations,” the scientists wrote. “Rising sea levels from melting glaciers and polar ice sheets have accelerated clear-day flooding and storm damage, especially along the U.S. Eastern and Gulf coasts,” they added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter called on President-elect Joe Biden to appoint a U.S. ambassador with a climate mandate to the Arctic Council, as a way of recognizing the “urgency of the threat from a disintegrating Arctic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Swamped by the Seas?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As polar ice melts more quickly, sea level rise also accelerates. But sea level is complicated, because it \u003ca href=\"https://www.psmsl.org/products/anomalies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doesn’t rise at the same rate everywhere, at the same time\u003c/a>. The global average rate recently increased from about 1.3 inches to about 2 inches per decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the best-case scenario of reaching the Paris target of capping global warming at 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit, sea level will rise between 1 and 2 feet by 2100, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ipcc.ch/srocc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2019 global assessment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The acceleration could be felt especially strongly along the West Coast, where sea level is starting to rise much faster than in recent years, according to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NASAClimate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early November, researchers with the agency said a decadeslong lull in sea level rise is ending. Large-scale changes in the Pacific Ocean are accelerating the inundation of beaches and marshes, as well the erosion of the coastal bluffs where millions of people have built homes and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve definitely seen an uptick,” said Bill Sweet, a sea level rise expert with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “In the next 20 to 30 years, by 2050, sea level will be about a foot higher, compared to 2000. There is going to be more erosion and we’re going to lose beaches,” he said, identifying San Diego and the San Francisco Bay Area as potential trouble spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of the Bay Area is built on reclaimed low-lying land that is permeable and vulnerable to incoming saltwater that can cause drainage systems to back up and overflow, and interfere with freshwater supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re going to see more of what we’re already seeing on the East Coast. San Diego is a stand-out spot already. There’s more nuisance flooding these days, and they’re going to see a jump,” Sweet said. At times, the rising ocean will block roads, start to threaten low-lying properties and commerce and increase erosion, collapsing coastal bluffs and overtopping dunes, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate Justice and Science are Connected\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, one of the wealthiest parts of the world, may be able to adapt to sea level rise, but it’s a matter of life and death for millions of other people in developing countries with small carbon footprints that contribute little to global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new research in 2020 showed that researchers have done relatively little to study impacts of global warming extremes in areas where the most people are affected. And this year, climate impacts were compounded by the coronavirus pandemic. Together, they affected at least 50 million people worldwide, mostly in developing countries in Asia and Africa, as well as Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the impacts have mostly been measured in the developed world by scientists in wealthier nations, raising a fundamental issue of climate justice in science, said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ecioxford\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">University of Oxford\u003c/a> climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FrediOtto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fredi Otto\u003c/a>, co-author of a recent \u003ca href=\"https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/bams/101/10/bamsD190317.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> that outlines the challenges of understanding climate extremes in lower income countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after starting work on the study, she said, “It became very obvious that scientists research what’s in their backyard, but not in Africa, large parts of Asia, or South America.” As climate extremes intensify, the information gaps become “a lot more obvious,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason it’s important is that a lack of accurate information about extreme climate impacts puts more lives at risk, she said. “We don’t know what we need to adapt to and build resilience for … or what should trigger a heat warning,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"post-author-bio\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-holder\">\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Parts of the world economy may have been on pause during 2020, dampening greenhouse gas emissions for a while. But that didn’t slow the overall buildup of atmospheric carbon dioxide, which reached its \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23112020/covid-19-coronavirus-shutdowns-greenhouse-gas-emissions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highest level\u003c/a> in millions of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If anything, research during the year showed global warming is accelerating. Symptoms of the fever include off-the-charts \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13072020/africa-heat-waves-climate-science/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">heat waves on land\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/14012020/ocean-heat-2019-warmest-year-argo-hurricanes-corals-marine-animals-heatwaves/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in the oceans\u003c/a>, and a hyperactive and \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24122020/hurricanes-atlantic-extreme-weather-warming-climate-storms-louisiana-environmental-justice/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">destructive Atlantic hurricane season\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And through November, the last year was on pace to end up as either the hottest, or second-hottest on record for the planet, almost 1 degree Celsius above pre-industrial times, inching closer to the 1.5 degree limit set by the \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/tags/paris-climate-agreement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paris climate agreement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are five aspects of climate change that were new and unexpected in 2020:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Making it Stop\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scientists are punctuating their alarming warnings with hopeful messages because they know that the worst possible outcome is avoidable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent research shows that stopping greenhouse gas emissions will break the vicious cycle of warming temperatures, melting ice, wildfires and rising sea levels faster than expected just a few years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is less warming in the pipeline than we thought, said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Grantham_IC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Imperial College\u003c/a> (London) climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JoeriRogelj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joeri Rogelj\u003c/a>, a lead author of the next major climate assessment from the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/IPCC_CH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is our best understanding that, if we bring down CO2 to net zero, the warming will level off. The climate will stabilize within a decade or two,” he said. “There will be very little to no additional warming. Our best estimate is zero.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The widespread idea that decades, or even centuries, of additional warming are already baked into the system, as suggested by previous IPCC reports, were based on an “unfortunate misunderstanding of experiments done with climate models that never assumed zero emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those models assumed that concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere would remain constant, that it would take centuries before they decline, said Penn State climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MichaelEMann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Mann\u003c/a>, who discussed the shifting consensus last October during a segment of “60 Minutes” on CBS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea that global warming could stop relatively quickly after emissions go to zero was described as a “game-changing new scientific understanding” by \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjr.org/covering_climate_now/michael-mann-60-minutes-emissions-warming.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Covering Climate Now\u003c/a>, a collaboration of news organizations covering climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This really is true,” Mann said. “It’s a dramatic change in the paradigm that has been lost on many who cover this issue, perhaps because it hasn’t been well explained by the scientific community. It’s an important development that is still under appreciated. It’s definitely the scientific consensus now that warming stabilizes quickly, within 10 years, of emissions going to zero,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The La Niña Effect?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scientists noted that the persistent heating came even with the tropical Pacific Ocean tilting toward a cyclical cooling phase that suppresses the global average temperature slightly. November’s warmth across the planet was “stunning, especially considering the ongoing La Niña,” Zack Labe, an atmospheric scientist at Colorado State University, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ZLabe/status/1338629095630893057\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">posted on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During La Niña, cooler than average sea surface temperatures spread across a large part of the tropical Pacific. During the warm El Niño phase every few years, it’s the opposite, and that’s usually when global temperatures spike to new records, most recently in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The global climate signal from the cycle usually is strongest about three or four months after the ocean cycle peaks, so the full effect won’t be known until next year, said climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/rahmstorf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stefan Rahmstorf\u003c/a>, with the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/PIK_Climate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research\u003c/a>. He said, “2020 may beat 2016 without the extra push from El Niño.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s warming is another sign that “heat being trapped by greenhouse gases” is overwhelming the planet’s natural variability, said Jennifer Francis, a climate scientist with the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/WoodwellClimate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Woodwell Climate Research Center\u003c/a> in Massachusetts (formerly the Woods Hole Research Center).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate to think what the global temperature would have been this year if we’d been in an El Niño rather than La Niña,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Polar Breakdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warming in the Arctic and Antarctic continues to accelerate faster than the global average, scientists reported this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, NASA Earth \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NASAEarth/status/1308107859620700163\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wrote on Twitter\u003c/a> that, “The Arctic region is warming three times as fast as the rest of the planet, with effects beyond the ocean.” In recent years, the rate of Arctic warming was widely reported at twice the global average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in June, a team of scientists tracked a similar rate of warming in Antarctica. Their research, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-020-0815-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">published in Nature\u003c/a>, found that, since 1989, the average temperature at the South Pole increased about 0.6 degrees Fahrenheit per decade, also three times as fast as the global average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The warming of the polar regions disrupts global climate patterns in ways that can cause more \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29082020/climate-extremes-record-heat-wildfires-hurricane-laura-floods/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">extreme droughts, floods and heat waves\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/todaysnews/27022020/climate-change-pushing-giant-ocean-currents-poleward\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">changes in climate-regulating ocean currents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScD3po0aq0FiqwmDBNL2fCxH7uuUyUpWQDTZyESsPQrhim91w/viewform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">letter\u003c/a> to the incoming Biden administration, 193 Arctic scientists spelled out their growing concerns, including acidification of the Arctic Ocean that threatens U.S. fisheries, and a loss of sea ice that contributes to “persistent heat waves and cold spells, prolonged stormy periods, and extended droughts that greatly worsen Western wildfires.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rapid Arctic warming has also triggered permafrost thaw that is “now releasing carbon at the same scale as many larger nations,” the scientists wrote. “Rising sea levels from melting glaciers and polar ice sheets have accelerated clear-day flooding and storm damage, especially along the U.S. Eastern and Gulf coasts,” they added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter called on President-elect Joe Biden to appoint a U.S. ambassador with a climate mandate to the Arctic Council, as a way of recognizing the “urgency of the threat from a disintegrating Arctic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Swamped by the Seas?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As polar ice melts more quickly, sea level rise also accelerates. But sea level is complicated, because it \u003ca href=\"https://www.psmsl.org/products/anomalies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doesn’t rise at the same rate everywhere, at the same time\u003c/a>. The global average rate recently increased from about 1.3 inches to about 2 inches per decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the best-case scenario of reaching the Paris target of capping global warming at 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit, sea level will rise between 1 and 2 feet by 2100, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ipcc.ch/srocc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2019 global assessment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The acceleration could be felt especially strongly along the West Coast, where sea level is starting to rise much faster than in recent years, according to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NASAClimate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early November, researchers with the agency said a decadeslong lull in sea level rise is ending. Large-scale changes in the Pacific Ocean are accelerating the inundation of beaches and marshes, as well the erosion of the coastal bluffs where millions of people have built homes and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve definitely seen an uptick,” said Bill Sweet, a sea level rise expert with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “In the next 20 to 30 years, by 2050, sea level will be about a foot higher, compared to 2000. There is going to be more erosion and we’re going to lose beaches,” he said, identifying San Diego and the San Francisco Bay Area as potential trouble spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of the Bay Area is built on reclaimed low-lying land that is permeable and vulnerable to incoming saltwater that can cause drainage systems to back up and overflow, and interfere with freshwater supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re going to see more of what we’re already seeing on the East Coast. San Diego is a stand-out spot already. There’s more nuisance flooding these days, and they’re going to see a jump,” Sweet said. At times, the rising ocean will block roads, start to threaten low-lying properties and commerce and increase erosion, collapsing coastal bluffs and overtopping dunes, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate Justice and Science are Connected\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, one of the wealthiest parts of the world, may be able to adapt to sea level rise, but it’s a matter of life and death for millions of other people in developing countries with small carbon footprints that contribute little to global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new research in 2020 showed that researchers have done relatively little to study impacts of global warming extremes in areas where the most people are affected. And this year, climate impacts were compounded by the coronavirus pandemic. Together, they affected at least 50 million people worldwide, mostly in developing countries in Asia and Africa, as well as Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the impacts have mostly been measured in the developed world by scientists in wealthier nations, raising a fundamental issue of climate justice in science, said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ecioxford\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">University of Oxford\u003c/a> climate scientist \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FrediOtto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fredi Otto\u003c/a>, co-author of a recent \u003ca href=\"https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/bams/101/10/bamsD190317.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> that outlines the challenges of understanding climate extremes in lower income countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after starting work on the study, she said, “It became very obvious that scientists research what’s in their backyard, but not in Africa, large parts of Asia, or South America.” As climate extremes intensify, the information gaps become “a lot more obvious,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason it’s important is that a lack of accurate information about extreme climate impacts puts more lives at risk, she said. “We don’t know what we need to adapt to and build resilience for … or what should trigger a heat warning,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"post-author-bio\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-holder\">\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InsideClimate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"headTitle": "Enjoying New Clout, Environmental Justice Groups May Press Biden | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Though it may have been eclipsed in headlines and worrying by the coronavirus pandemic, the climate crisis has not gone away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As new President Joe Biden tries to implement policies with the goal of redirecting economic development toward greenhouse gas reduction, he’ll have to contend with pressure not only from groups on the right who oppose environmental regulations, but with those on the left who may see Biden’s plans as too timid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED science reporter Kevin Stark has been following the rising clout of an environmental coalition that has not always been a part of mainstream environmental thinking, but which helped \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971416/california-environmental-groups-tell-biden-not-to-pick-mary-nichols-for-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">derail\u003c/a> the candidacy of California’s well-regarded environmental official \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971853/mary-nichols-californias-great-environmental-warrior-did-not-fight-the-right-battles-to-some\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mary Nichols\u003c/a> as head of Biden’s Environmental Protection Agency. He spoke with KQED’s Brian Watt about what these groups may want from the new administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who is this new coalition and what do they care about?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kevin Stark\u003c/em>: These are small advocacy groups — like the California Environmental Justice Alliance, Asian Pacific Environmental Network and the West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project —often organizing in their own neighborhoods. They’re animated by what they see as systemic racism, with communities of color disproportionately living around industrial sites and in neighborhoods with pollution and smog. Many of these groups argue that environmental policy should be combined with social justice measures. They supported Joe Biden’s candidacy because he promised to fight for environmental justice, and they’re promising to hold him to account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If these groups are small and don’t have a lot of money, how do they have so much clout right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These groups have really been empowered by two of the biggest events of 2020. First, the anti-racism movement in the wake of the Minneapolis police killing of George Floyd, and then the dual impacts of pollution and the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same people who are suffering from pollution in their neighborhoods are essential workers. And we know from contact tracing that they’re getting COVID-19 at higher rates than other populations. Also, studies show that breathing more polluted air over many years may itself worsen the effects of COVID-19. So there are two crises that because of structural racism are impacting the same people. And leaders from these communities are heading up these environmental groups empowered by the anti-racism movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So looking at California first, what will these groups be looking to do in the coming year?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the very beginning, the state’s environmental justice groups were ideologically opposed to California’s cap-and-trade program, which aims to fight climate change by setting limits on industry emissions of greenhouse gases and allowing businesses to buy and sell credits at quarterly state-sponsored auctions. The groups argue that the program allows industries to pollute, and they they say it exacerbates environmental racism. Some new \u003ca href=\"https://dornsife.usc.edu/pere/journal-enviro-equity-cap-trade-2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">research\u003c/a> supports this argument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These groups prefer traditional industrial regulations and increasingly outright bans on oil and gas drilling and the use of fossil fuels. They’ll be pushing for these policies as the Legislature considers a fracking ban this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mary Nichols has been an incredibly powerful figure in California, and she’s just retired. What impact will that have on cap and trade?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, with the naming of Nichols’ successor to the head of the California Air Resources Board, the governor has a chance to put his stamp on the state’s climate policies and possibly shift away from a reliance on cap and trade. Nichols oversaw the implementation of that program, and it was supported by governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown. The state’s air board under Nichols’ leadership aggressively defended the program, but the Newsom administration has agreed to reexamine it this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nichols was reportedly Biden’s top choice to lead the EPA, but the group spoke out against her in large part because of her support for cap and trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What will these groups now want from President Biden?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’ll be looking for a Green New Deal-style policy, legislation and executive actions that both reduce emissions and fight pollution in communities of color. And they’ll be pushing for a national fracking ban and other strict regulations on industry.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Though it may have been eclipsed in headlines and worrying by the coronavirus pandemic, the climate crisis has not gone away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As new President Joe Biden tries to implement policies with the goal of redirecting economic development toward greenhouse gas reduction, he’ll have to contend with pressure not only from groups on the right who oppose environmental regulations, but with those on the left who may see Biden’s plans as too timid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED science reporter Kevin Stark has been following the rising clout of an environmental coalition that has not always been a part of mainstream environmental thinking, but which helped \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971416/california-environmental-groups-tell-biden-not-to-pick-mary-nichols-for-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">derail\u003c/a> the candidacy of California’s well-regarded environmental official \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971853/mary-nichols-californias-great-environmental-warrior-did-not-fight-the-right-battles-to-some\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mary Nichols\u003c/a> as head of Biden’s Environmental Protection Agency. He spoke with KQED’s Brian Watt about what these groups may want from the new administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who is this new coalition and what do they care about?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kevin Stark\u003c/em>: These are small advocacy groups — like the California Environmental Justice Alliance, Asian Pacific Environmental Network and the West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project —often organizing in their own neighborhoods. They’re animated by what they see as systemic racism, with communities of color disproportionately living around industrial sites and in neighborhoods with pollution and smog. Many of these groups argue that environmental policy should be combined with social justice measures. They supported Joe Biden’s candidacy because he promised to fight for environmental justice, and they’re promising to hold him to account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If these groups are small and don’t have a lot of money, how do they have so much clout right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These groups have really been empowered by two of the biggest events of 2020. First, the anti-racism movement in the wake of the Minneapolis police killing of George Floyd, and then the dual impacts of pollution and the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same people who are suffering from pollution in their neighborhoods are essential workers. And we know from contact tracing that they’re getting COVID-19 at higher rates than other populations. Also, studies show that breathing more polluted air over many years may itself worsen the effects of COVID-19. So there are two crises that because of structural racism are impacting the same people. And leaders from these communities are heading up these environmental groups empowered by the anti-racism movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So looking at California first, what will these groups be looking to do in the coming year?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the very beginning, the state’s environmental justice groups were ideologically opposed to California’s cap-and-trade program, which aims to fight climate change by setting limits on industry emissions of greenhouse gases and allowing businesses to buy and sell credits at quarterly state-sponsored auctions. The groups argue that the program allows industries to pollute, and they they say it exacerbates environmental racism. Some new \u003ca href=\"https://dornsife.usc.edu/pere/journal-enviro-equity-cap-trade-2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">research\u003c/a> supports this argument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These groups prefer traditional industrial regulations and increasingly outright bans on oil and gas drilling and the use of fossil fuels. They’ll be pushing for these policies as the Legislature considers a fracking ban this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mary Nichols has been an incredibly powerful figure in California, and she’s just retired. What impact will that have on cap and trade?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, with the naming of Nichols’ successor to the head of the California Air Resources Board, the governor has a chance to put his stamp on the state’s climate policies and possibly shift away from a reliance on cap and trade. Nichols oversaw the implementation of that program, and it was supported by governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown. The state’s air board under Nichols’ leadership aggressively defended the program, but the Newsom administration has agreed to reexamine it this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nichols was reportedly Biden’s top choice to lead the EPA, but the group spoke out against her in large part because of her support for cap and trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What will these groups now want from President Biden?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’ll be looking for a Green New Deal-style policy, legislation and executive actions that both reduce emissions and fight pollution in communities of color. And they’ll be pushing for a national fracking ban and other strict regulations on industry.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Mary Nichols, California's Great Environmental Warrior, Did Not Fight the Right Battles for Some",
"headTitle": "Mary Nichols, California’s Great Environmental Warrior, Did Not Fight the Right Battles for Some | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Arguably the country’s most experienced environmental official, Nichols was originally considered to be Biden’s top pick to lead the EPA. But after a complaint from environmental justice groups, she faded as a candidate.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California Air Resources Board Chair Mary Nichols, who would be considered an environmental radical in many states of the union, saw her candidacy to head the Environmental Protection Agency collapse not from the right, but the left, after a group of environmental justice advocates spoke out against her selection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971774/biden-taps-north-carolina-environmental-official-to-run-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">choosing \u003c/span>\u003c/a> Michael Regan, North Carolina’s top environmental regular, to lead the EPA, President-Elect Joe Biden passed over Nichols, who will leave CARB at the end of the month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Arguably the country’s most experienced environmental official, Nichols was originally considered to be Biden’s top pick to run the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971416/california-environmental-groups-tell-biden-not-to-pick-mary-nichols-for-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">letter\u003c/span>\u003c/a> from a coalition of California environmental justice leaders asking Biden’s transition team not to pick Nichols is what \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/17/climate/michael-regan-epa.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">reportedly\u003c/span>\u003c/a> tanked her nomination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The groups effectively reduced Nichols’ career to two perceived faults: her track record on addressing environmental racism, which they called “bleak,” and her ideological bent toward market-based policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter, the advocacy groups skewered California’s signature cap-and-trade policy for “further exacerbat[ing] pollution hotspots.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During Ms. Nichols’ tenure as Chair of CARB, she has staunchly pursued and defended carbon trading, while minimizing state policies that required direct emission reductions and other climate policy implementing programs that benefit environmental justice communities,” they wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The New York Times \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/17/climate/michael-regan-epa.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">reported\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the president-elect preferred Nichols, but was caught off guard by the intense criticism of the impact on poor communities from the cap-and-trade policies she helped design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a tweet, Nichols offered her \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MaryNicholsCA/status/1339738544110112768\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">support\u003c/a> to Regan, who made a name pursuing cleanups of industrial toxic substances and helping low-income and minority communities hit hardest by pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Transforming CARB\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a four-decade career as one of the nation’s preeminent climate regulators, Nichols, who declined to be interviewed for this story, oversaw some of the strongest industrial regulations and most innovative environmental programs in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Next week she will end her second tour as chair of CARB, a position she’s held since 2007 after her appointment by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her tenure, she transformed the board from a subsidiary branch of the state’s environmental agency into a vanguard of climate change policy, banking more political clout in the world of environmental regulations than\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>wielded by many governors and senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">In recent years, CARB operated as a powerful entity, sometimes to the frustration of the state’s elected leaders. Nichols is widely respected at the agency and among the state’s climate wonks, who praise her for her ability to work with a broad array of industry groups, policymakers and scientists to generate results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mary operates with a mix of intellect, experience, and a fierceness that is often wrapped in a velvet glove,” said John Balmes, an air board member who served with Nichols for more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She knows her stuff,” said John Gioia, another board member from Contra Costa County. “In this field, knowledge counts. Because you can fight misinformation with accurate information. Mary knows how to work with industry and stand up to industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">During the past decade, with Nichols serving as the state’s top air regulator, California cut back emissions of planet-warming gases to 1990 levels, an official climate goal the state leaped past in 2016, four years ahead of schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California also set strict limits on industrial pollution and established a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/low-carbon-fuel-standard/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">low-carbon fuel standard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most recently, Nichols served as one of the principals in the state’s legal disputes with the Trump administration over climate and environmental policy. When President Trump sought to relax federal standards and revoke California’s waiver to set its own clean car rules, Nichols helped secure a commitment from five major automakers to follow California’s latest standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many environmentalists credit Nichols with outflanking Trump on the issue and are hopeful California’s agreement with the companies will be adopted as a federal standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s deal with the car companies is certainly a marker that people can use as a starting point to negotiate a single national rule,” said David Pettit, a senior climate attorney with the Natural Resources Defense Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, dry lightning storms sparked hundreds of wildfires that ripped across the state, blanketing the entire I-5 corridor from Seattle to San Diego in smoke and forcing millions of Californians to stay indoors for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the public’s attention focused on the impacts of climate change, Gov. Gavin Newsom asked Nichols for policy ideas to accelerate the state’s transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nichols’ team already had a state \u003cspan class=\"s1\">ban\u003c/span> on the sale of new gasoline cars in the works, the language of which she happily provided to Newsom. He quickly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1969807/california-to-halt-sales-of-new-gas-cars-by-2035\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued\u003c/a> an executive order making the policy official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, Nichols \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1970449/nichols-devastating-wildfires-strengthened-support-for-ambitious-climate-agenda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">said\u003c/span>\u003c/a> a major lesson of the wildfire-intensive year is that California needs to “be all in on eliminating all the sources of pollution” and improve “the ability of our natural environment to be able to store and sequester carbon, as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Support From Arnold and Jerry\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\nAs the transition team looked past Nichols, state leaders and California environmentalists kept pushing for her anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After news outlets reported Biden’s team was looking for a candidate to replace Nichols, Schwarzenegger vouched for her during an online celebration of her career. The former governor said she did “an extraordinary job” in California and called her “a straight 10.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schwarzenegger, who once referred to Nichols as an “Alabama tick” — a creature difficult to get rid of once it’s fastened on to you — said the only “reason that is excusable for you to leave [CARB] is if you go to some higher position, which is to run the EPA in Washington.” He added that he was “pushing for that with everyone that I know.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, Jerry Brown said Nichols possesses a “unique package that is equaled nowhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole list of factors that go into regulating climate change are matters that Mary Nichols, unlike few people in America, have had firsthand extensive knowledge,” Brown said. “And not just during the last 10 years, but stretching back to my first term as governor in the 1970s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Between stints leading CARB, Nichols served as a deputy administrator for the EPA under President Bill Clinton. She was also a founding attorney for the Natural Resources Defense Council’s Los Angeles bureau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/greenlawchina/status/1338919811162619904?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sunk by Cap-and-Trade\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The California cap-and-trade system that Nichols is associated with aims to fight climate change by setting limits on industry emissions of greenhouse gases and allowing businesses to buy and sell credits at quarterly state-sponsored auctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses have generally supported this policy as an alternative to strict industrial regulations or a straight carbon tax, which are preferred by progressive environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger wouldn’t even allow discussion of a price on carbon, according to Balmes, who served on the board back then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was literally against the rules,” he said. “Brown let us talk about it. But cap-and-trade had already been what California had committed to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cap-and-trade allows industry to burn fossil fuels by paying others to reduce their own pollution, a trade-off known as “offsets” that are meant to reduce the overall carbon emitted into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some researchers who have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1946804/researchers-press-california-to-strengthen-landmark-climate-law\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">examined\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the program found that California’s cap-and-trade program is not reducing emissions, and one \u003ca href=\"https://dornsife.usc.edu/pere/journal-enviro-equity-cap-trade-2018/\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> found that the policy has not produced any “improvements in environmental equity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s air board vehemently defends cap-and-trade as an effective way to drive emissions down while generating money the state uses to fund other environmental programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auctions have raised $13.6 billion with more than 50% of investments benefiting California’s most disadvantaged communities, according to CARB.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What’s Next for California Climate Policy? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">With the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971608/newsom-appoints-longtime-regulator-to-replace-nichols-as-top-calif-air-official\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">appointment\u003c/a> of \u003c/span>Liane Randolph, a former regulator at the California Public Utilities Commission, to replace Nichols, Newsom\u003cbr>\ncould potentially shift the state away from cap-and-trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/MaryNicholsCA/status/1337522436829376513?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s picking a behind-the-scenes government regulator to replace a dominant and high-profile personality like Nichols could signal he wants to elevate the work of the entire board to stand out from that of its chair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">One outstanding question about the post-Mary Nichols era in California: Did her power come from her position as the top climate regulator in the country’s most populous and economically powerful state, or was her position powerful because of some particular mastery?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the same environmental justice groups who sank Nichols do not appear to be enthralled with Biden’s ultimate choice of Regan, who was not on their suggested list of alternatives. After Regan’s candidacy was announced, the groups issued a less than enthusiastic statement congratulating him, but also referencing several groups who “worked tirelessly to protect their land, water, air, and people from pipelines, logging, and toxic waste disposal in North Carolina, and experienced harm from Regan’s decisions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement said the organizations “appreciate that the Biden-Harris Administration took seriously their concerns” and hope Regan “will show courage and advance a transformational vision in standing up to big polluters and repair the harm they’ve done to communities in North Carolina and across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More mainstream environmental groups are \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/states/california/story/2020/12/17/california-environmentalists-quietly-angry-at-activists-over-nichols-losing-epa-job-1348317\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">reportedly \u003c/span>\u003c/a>seething over the activists’ letter and its successful torpedoing of Nichols’ nomination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Arguably the country’s most experienced environmental official, Nichols was originally considered to be Biden’s top pick to lead the EPA. But complaints from environmental justice groups seemed to derail her nomination.",
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"title": "Mary Nichols, California's Great Environmental Warrior, Did Not Fight the Right Battles for Some | KQED",
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"headline": "Mary Nichols, California's Great Environmental Warrior, Did Not Fight the Right Battles for Some",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Arguably the country’s most experienced environmental official, Nichols was originally considered to be Biden’s top pick to lead the EPA. But after a complaint from environmental justice groups, she faded as a candidate.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California Air Resources Board Chair Mary Nichols, who would be considered an environmental radical in many states of the union, saw her candidacy to head the Environmental Protection Agency collapse not from the right, but the left, after a group of environmental justice advocates spoke out against her selection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971774/biden-taps-north-carolina-environmental-official-to-run-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">choosing \u003c/span>\u003c/a> Michael Regan, North Carolina’s top environmental regular, to lead the EPA, President-Elect Joe Biden passed over Nichols, who will leave CARB at the end of the month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Arguably the country’s most experienced environmental official, Nichols was originally considered to be Biden’s top pick to run the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971416/california-environmental-groups-tell-biden-not-to-pick-mary-nichols-for-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">letter\u003c/span>\u003c/a> from a coalition of California environmental justice leaders asking Biden’s transition team not to pick Nichols is what \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/17/climate/michael-regan-epa.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">reportedly\u003c/span>\u003c/a> tanked her nomination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The groups effectively reduced Nichols’ career to two perceived faults: her track record on addressing environmental racism, which they called “bleak,” and her ideological bent toward market-based policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter, the advocacy groups skewered California’s signature cap-and-trade policy for “further exacerbat[ing] pollution hotspots.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During Ms. Nichols’ tenure as Chair of CARB, she has staunchly pursued and defended carbon trading, while minimizing state policies that required direct emission reductions and other climate policy implementing programs that benefit environmental justice communities,” they wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The New York Times \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/17/climate/michael-regan-epa.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">reported\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the president-elect preferred Nichols, but was caught off guard by the intense criticism of the impact on poor communities from the cap-and-trade policies she helped design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a tweet, Nichols offered her \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MaryNicholsCA/status/1339738544110112768\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">support\u003c/a> to Regan, who made a name pursuing cleanups of industrial toxic substances and helping low-income and minority communities hit hardest by pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Transforming CARB\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a four-decade career as one of the nation’s preeminent climate regulators, Nichols, who declined to be interviewed for this story, oversaw some of the strongest industrial regulations and most innovative environmental programs in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Next week she will end her second tour as chair of CARB, a position she’s held since 2007 after her appointment by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her tenure, she transformed the board from a subsidiary branch of the state’s environmental agency into a vanguard of climate change policy, banking more political clout in the world of environmental regulations than\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>wielded by many governors and senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">In recent years, CARB operated as a powerful entity, sometimes to the frustration of the state’s elected leaders. Nichols is widely respected at the agency and among the state’s climate wonks, who praise her for her ability to work with a broad array of industry groups, policymakers and scientists to generate results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mary operates with a mix of intellect, experience, and a fierceness that is often wrapped in a velvet glove,” said John Balmes, an air board member who served with Nichols for more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She knows her stuff,” said John Gioia, another board member from Contra Costa County. “In this field, knowledge counts. Because you can fight misinformation with accurate information. Mary knows how to work with industry and stand up to industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">During the past decade, with Nichols serving as the state’s top air regulator, California cut back emissions of planet-warming gases to 1990 levels, an official climate goal the state leaped past in 2016, four years ahead of schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California also set strict limits on industrial pollution and established a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/low-carbon-fuel-standard/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">low-carbon fuel standard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most recently, Nichols served as one of the principals in the state’s legal disputes with the Trump administration over climate and environmental policy. When President Trump sought to relax federal standards and revoke California’s waiver to set its own clean car rules, Nichols helped secure a commitment from five major automakers to follow California’s latest standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many environmentalists credit Nichols with outflanking Trump on the issue and are hopeful California’s agreement with the companies will be adopted as a federal standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s deal with the car companies is certainly a marker that people can use as a starting point to negotiate a single national rule,” said David Pettit, a senior climate attorney with the Natural Resources Defense Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, dry lightning storms sparked hundreds of wildfires that ripped across the state, blanketing the entire I-5 corridor from Seattle to San Diego in smoke and forcing millions of Californians to stay indoors for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the public’s attention focused on the impacts of climate change, Gov. Gavin Newsom asked Nichols for policy ideas to accelerate the state’s transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nichols’ team already had a state \u003cspan class=\"s1\">ban\u003c/span> on the sale of new gasoline cars in the works, the language of which she happily provided to Newsom. He quickly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1969807/california-to-halt-sales-of-new-gas-cars-by-2035\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued\u003c/a> an executive order making the policy official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, Nichols \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1970449/nichols-devastating-wildfires-strengthened-support-for-ambitious-climate-agenda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">said\u003c/span>\u003c/a> a major lesson of the wildfire-intensive year is that California needs to “be all in on eliminating all the sources of pollution” and improve “the ability of our natural environment to be able to store and sequester carbon, as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Support From Arnold and Jerry\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\nAs the transition team looked past Nichols, state leaders and California environmentalists kept pushing for her anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After news outlets reported Biden’s team was looking for a candidate to replace Nichols, Schwarzenegger vouched for her during an online celebration of her career. The former governor said she did “an extraordinary job” in California and called her “a straight 10.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schwarzenegger, who once referred to Nichols as an “Alabama tick” — a creature difficult to get rid of once it’s fastened on to you — said the only “reason that is excusable for you to leave [CARB] is if you go to some higher position, which is to run the EPA in Washington.” He added that he was “pushing for that with everyone that I know.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, Jerry Brown said Nichols possesses a “unique package that is equaled nowhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole list of factors that go into regulating climate change are matters that Mary Nichols, unlike few people in America, have had firsthand extensive knowledge,” Brown said. “And not just during the last 10 years, but stretching back to my first term as governor in the 1970s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Between stints leading CARB, Nichols served as a deputy administrator for the EPA under President Bill Clinton. She was also a founding attorney for the Natural Resources Defense Council’s Los Angeles bureau.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sunk by Cap-and-Trade\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The California cap-and-trade system that Nichols is associated with aims to fight climate change by setting limits on industry emissions of greenhouse gases and allowing businesses to buy and sell credits at quarterly state-sponsored auctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses have generally supported this policy as an alternative to strict industrial regulations or a straight carbon tax, which are preferred by progressive environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger wouldn’t even allow discussion of a price on carbon, according to Balmes, who served on the board back then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was literally against the rules,” he said. “Brown let us talk about it. But cap-and-trade had already been what California had committed to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cap-and-trade allows industry to burn fossil fuels by paying others to reduce their own pollution, a trade-off known as “offsets” that are meant to reduce the overall carbon emitted into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some researchers who have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1946804/researchers-press-california-to-strengthen-landmark-climate-law\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">examined\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the program found that California’s cap-and-trade program is not reducing emissions, and one \u003ca href=\"https://dornsife.usc.edu/pere/journal-enviro-equity-cap-trade-2018/\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> found that the policy has not produced any “improvements in environmental equity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s air board vehemently defends cap-and-trade as an effective way to drive emissions down while generating money the state uses to fund other environmental programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auctions have raised $13.6 billion with more than 50% of investments benefiting California’s most disadvantaged communities, according to CARB.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What’s Next for California Climate Policy? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">With the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971608/newsom-appoints-longtime-regulator-to-replace-nichols-as-top-calif-air-official\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">appointment\u003c/a> of \u003c/span>Liane Randolph, a former regulator at the California Public Utilities Commission, to replace Nichols, Newsom\u003cbr>\ncould potentially shift the state away from cap-and-trade.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s picking a behind-the-scenes government regulator to replace a dominant and high-profile personality like Nichols could signal he wants to elevate the work of the entire board to stand out from that of its chair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">One outstanding question about the post-Mary Nichols era in California: Did her power come from her position as the top climate regulator in the country’s most populous and economically powerful state, or was her position powerful because of some particular mastery?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the same environmental justice groups who sank Nichols do not appear to be enthralled with Biden’s ultimate choice of Regan, who was not on their suggested list of alternatives. After Regan’s candidacy was announced, the groups issued a less than enthusiastic statement congratulating him, but also referencing several groups who “worked tirelessly to protect their land, water, air, and people from pipelines, logging, and toxic waste disposal in North Carolina, and experienced harm from Regan’s decisions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement said the organizations “appreciate that the Biden-Harris Administration took seriously their concerns” and hope Regan “will show courage and advance a transformational vision in standing up to big polluters and repair the harm they’ve done to communities in North Carolina and across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More mainstream environmental groups are \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/states/california/story/2020/12/17/california-environmentalists-quietly-angry-at-activists-over-nichols-losing-epa-job-1348317\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">reportedly \u003c/span>\u003c/a>seething over the activists’ letter and its successful torpedoing of Nichols’ nomination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Federal wildlife officials announced this week that monarch butterflies qualify to be protected as an endangered species. But, the iconic insect won’t be receiving that status under the Endangered Species Act due to a backlog of other species in line for protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, where monarchs west of the Rocky Mountains mostly flock for the winter, numbers have dipped to a record low. Last year, the state’s annual Thanksgiving monarch count revealed less than 30,000 butterflies, down from millions in the 1980s. Early projections from the 2020 survey put the California population at a mere 2,000, approximately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re at 99.9 percent decline in the population. It’s kind of shocking even for us,” said Emma Pelton, a conservation biologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/western-monarch-call-to-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Xerces Society\u003c/a>, the nonprofit that runs the count. Pelton says a combination of habitat loss, pesticides, climate change and wildfire is driving the collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s definitely an example of death by a thousand cuts,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The monarch can’t be protected under the California Endangered Species Act, because a Sacramento Superior Court judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.xerces.org/blog/court-decision-undermines-state-of-californias-ability-to-protect-insects-under-its-endangered\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ruled in November\u003c/a> that the act does not cover insects. Pelton says that makes federal protection critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would really be kind of a lifeline to Western monarchs,” she said. “And I think at this point, that’s absolutely what we need\u003ci>.”\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden State provides a safe haven for the orange- and black-winged butterfly to escape harsh temperatures while \u003ca href=\"https://monarchjointventure.org/monarch-biology/monarch-migration/overwintering\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">overwintering\u003c/a> in coastal forest groves. In the spring, monarchs give birth to the next generation of butterflies, laying their eggs on native milkweed plants. Pelton says protecting this habitat is key for the insect’s survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A status assessment conducted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service found that the Western population of monarchs has a 60% or more chance of going extinct within the next decade. While the Eastern migratory population has fared somewhat better, it’s experienced a 70% decline since the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fish and Wildlife published the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/12/17/2020-27523/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-12-month-finding-for-the-monarch-butterfly\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">results of its assessment\u003c/a>, which don’t account for this year’s precipitous drop in Western monarch populations, in the Federal Register on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We conducted an intensive, thorough review, using a rigorous, transparent science-based process and found that the monarch meets listing criteria under the Endangered Species Act,” said agency Director Aurelia Skipwith in a statement. “However, before we can propose listing, we must focus resources on our higher-priority listing actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently \u003ca href=\"https://www.fws.gov/endangered/esa-library/pdf/5-Year%20Listing%20Workplan%20May%20Version.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 160 species\u003c/a> in front of the monarch in line for listing, according to the agency. Officials attribute the delay to workload constraints and the critical status of other species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives no protection. That’s I think the biggest takeaway,” Pelton said of the decision. “It’s saying that we don’t have the capacity to deal with this right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without legal protections, the survival of monarchs will, for now, hinge on grassroots conservation efforts from groups like the Xerces Society and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>A little bit of a silver lining with monarchs is that all of the efforts to conserve the species across North America have made and continue to make a big difference,” said Charlie Wooley, Fish and Wildlife director for the Great Lakes region, at a press conference Tuesday. “We are just so impressed with the way the American public have raised their hands, gotten engaged in planting milkweed on their private properties in their backyards, developing wildflower gardens that help monarchs and other pollinators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless the species rebounds, wildlife officials say, monarchs could receive endangered status in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Federal wildlife officials announced this week that monarch butterflies qualify to be protected as an endangered species. But, the iconic insect won’t be receiving that status under the Endangered Species Act due to a backlog of other species in line for protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, where monarchs west of the Rocky Mountains mostly flock for the winter, numbers have dipped to a record low. Last year, the state’s annual Thanksgiving monarch count revealed less than 30,000 butterflies, down from millions in the 1980s. Early projections from the 2020 survey put the California population at a mere 2,000, approximately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re at 99.9 percent decline in the population. It’s kind of shocking even for us,” said Emma Pelton, a conservation biologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/western-monarch-call-to-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Xerces Society\u003c/a>, the nonprofit that runs the count. Pelton says a combination of habitat loss, pesticides, climate change and wildfire is driving the collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s definitely an example of death by a thousand cuts,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The monarch can’t be protected under the California Endangered Species Act, because a Sacramento Superior Court judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.xerces.org/blog/court-decision-undermines-state-of-californias-ability-to-protect-insects-under-its-endangered\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ruled in November\u003c/a> that the act does not cover insects. Pelton says that makes federal protection critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would really be kind of a lifeline to Western monarchs,” she said. “And I think at this point, that’s absolutely what we need\u003ci>.”\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden State provides a safe haven for the orange- and black-winged butterfly to escape harsh temperatures while \u003ca href=\"https://monarchjointventure.org/monarch-biology/monarch-migration/overwintering\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">overwintering\u003c/a> in coastal forest groves. In the spring, monarchs give birth to the next generation of butterflies, laying their eggs on native milkweed plants. Pelton says protecting this habitat is key for the insect’s survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A status assessment conducted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service found that the Western population of monarchs has a 60% or more chance of going extinct within the next decade. While the Eastern migratory population has fared somewhat better, it’s experienced a 70% decline since the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fish and Wildlife published the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/12/17/2020-27523/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-12-month-finding-for-the-monarch-butterfly\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">results of its assessment\u003c/a>, which don’t account for this year’s precipitous drop in Western monarch populations, in the Federal Register on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We conducted an intensive, thorough review, using a rigorous, transparent science-based process and found that the monarch meets listing criteria under the Endangered Species Act,” said agency Director Aurelia Skipwith in a statement. “However, before we can propose listing, we must focus resources on our higher-priority listing actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently \u003ca href=\"https://www.fws.gov/endangered/esa-library/pdf/5-Year%20Listing%20Workplan%20May%20Version.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 160 species\u003c/a> in front of the monarch in line for listing, according to the agency. Officials attribute the delay to workload constraints and the critical status of other species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives no protection. That’s I think the biggest takeaway,” Pelton said of the decision. “It’s saying that we don’t have the capacity to deal with this right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without legal protections, the survival of monarchs will, for now, hinge on grassroots conservation efforts from groups like the Xerces Society and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>A little bit of a silver lining with monarchs is that all of the efforts to conserve the species across North America have made and continue to make a big difference,” said Charlie Wooley, Fish and Wildlife director for the Great Lakes region, at a press conference Tuesday. “We are just so impressed with the way the American public have raised their hands, gotten engaged in planting milkweed on their private properties in their backyards, developing wildflower gardens that help monarchs and other pollinators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless the species rebounds, wildlife officials say, monarchs could receive endangered status in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">President-elect Joe Biden on Thursday offered the leadership of the Environmental Protection Agency to Michael S. Regan, a North Carolina regulator who has made a name pursuing cleanups of industrial toxins and helping low-income and minority communities hit hardest by pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Biden’s selection of Regan, who leads his state’s environmental agency, was confirmed by two people familiar with the selection process. They were not authorized the discuss the matter publicly before the official announcement and spoke on condition of anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Regan became environmental chief in North Carolina in 2017. North Carolina Gov. Roy Cooper, who hired Regan then, told The Associated Press this week that Regan was “a consensus builder and a fierce protector of the environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">In North Carolina, Regan led the negotiations that resulted in the cleanup of the Cape Fear River, which has been dangerously contaminated by PFAS industrial compounds from a chemical plant. He negotiated what North Carolina says was the largest cleanup agreement for toxic coal ash, with Duke Energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-62 Component-p-0-2-53\">Regan also created North Carolina’s Environmental Justice and Equity Advisory Board, to help the low-income and minority communities that suffer disproportionate exposure to harmful pollutants from refineries, factories and freeways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"order": 8
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"order": 9
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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