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"content": "\u003cp>A resolution to decriminalize certain natural psychedelic plants and fungi — such as “magic” mushrooms — was approved by an Oakland City Council committee Tuesday night and is expected to go to the full council for a vote on June 4.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the measure passes, Oakland would become the second city in the country to decriminalize entheogenic plants, \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/52a82fbd262b49b1ad035c4e4919e513\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">following Denver earlier this month\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal would make the “investigation and arrest of individuals involved with the adult use of entheogenic plants on the federal Schedule 1 list be amongst the lowest priority for the city of Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re here to fix a wrong that never should have occurred,” said Carlos Plazola, chair of Decriminalize Nature Oakland, which was sponsoring the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"forum_2010101871313\" label='On KQED's Forum']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plazola gave a presentation on the proposal Tuesday night to the Oakland City Council’s public safety committee, which ultimately passed the resolution with three votes and one abstention. The presentation included a number of doctors speaking on the potential mental health benefits of entheogenic plants and nearly an hour of public testimony — and one standing ovation — largely in support of decriminalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They should never have been Schedule 1 substances in the first place based on any sort of scientific evidence,” said Dr. Kelan Thomas, a psychiatric pharmacist. Thomas told the committee he had published one of the first review papers on clinical trials with psychedelics and, while there have only been limited studies so far, the plants have been found to be incredibly effective in treating mental health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some evidence that one of the active components in psilocybin mushrooms can be used as a medical treatment in some patients, but this is also based off studies that have been small or very preliminary,” said Dr. Brian Anderson \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101871313/oakland-considers-decriminalizing-psychedelic-mushrooms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on KQED’s Forum\u003c/a> on Wednesday. Anderson is a psychiatrist at San Francisco General Hospital who has done studies on the use of psychedelic plants in religious ceremonies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" citation=\"Oakland Councilwoman Rebecca Kaplan\"]‘Richard Nixon launched a war [on drugs] that we all know is stupid, racist, wasteful and expensive, and it is long past time for us to continue fighting Nixon’s war for him.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson noted that trials have shown these plants work distinctly differently from other available treatments for mental health. Psychedelic mushrooms’ effects on depression, for instance, can be large, when used as a form of drug-assisted psychotherapy. But this has been tested only on a few hundred patients in the last few years in the U.S. and maybe a couple of thousand in clinical trials in the last 20 years, he said. “It’s a little early to think we’ll be able to get FDA permission at this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, that’s far from what is being proposed in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about decriminalization. This is not about legalizing and being able to go get it from your physician,” said Anderson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While proponents argue psychedelic plants and fungi can ease depression and anxiety, and can even be used to treat cancer patients, critics have concerns about educating the public on safe use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things I’m focused on is that we introduce things the right way,” said Councilwoman Loren Taylor, who ultimately abstained from the vote. “How we deploy and how we support safe use and responsible use [is] a big piece for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"futureofyou_441705\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Taylor said he’s supportive of how valuable psychedelic plants can be in certain settings, he’s also concerned about making sure mushrooms don’t become a fad with high school kids or get into the hands of those who are vulnerable or susceptible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a concern that Plazola, who is sponsoring the measure, acknowledged both in his presentation to the committee and on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101871313/oakland-considers-decriminalizing-psychedelic-mushrooms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED’s Forum Wednesday morning\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really about education,” Plazola said on Forum. At the meeting Tuesday night, he presented an education resource guide and a plan for how his organization and others would reach out to Oakland residents over the next two years to provide support and information. For example, he said, they would advise anyone with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder to consult with a doctor before taking entheogenic plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plazola, however, also argued that the criminalization of these plants has contributed to mass incarceration based on “irrational fears.” At the same time, he said, the mental health crisis has also hit those communities who do not have access to these resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"arts_13858117\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The question that people should be asking themselves is, ‘What did the world look like before [these plants] were criminalized?'” he said. There is a long history of different plants being used in various religious ceremonies throughout the world, like ayahuasca tea among certain groups in Brazil or peyote among indigenous peoples in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilwoman Rebecca Kaplan agreed with the assessment that the plants and fungi never should have been criminalized in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Richard Nixon launched a war [on drugs] that we all know is stupid, racist, wasteful and expensive, and it is long past time for us to continue fighting Nixon’s war for him,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland Police Department said they have dealt with 19 cases of suspected psychedelic mushrooms over the last five years, and were not certain about cases of other plants listed in the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it passes, Plazola said Decriminalize Nature Oakland hopes to use the measure as a model for other cities and states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decriminalization in Denver was passed by ballot, with 51 percent of the vote. A similar measure is likely to be on \u003ca href=\"https://www.wweek.com/news/state/2019/04/03/why-stop-at-one-campaign-to-legalize-psychedelic-mushrooms-oregon-has-two-and-they-dont-get-along/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the ballot in Oregon in the fall of 2020\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A resolution to decriminalize certain psychedelic plants was approved by a City Council committee Tuesday. If the full council OKs it, Oakland would become the second U.S. city to decriminalize 'magic' mushrooms.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A resolution to decriminalize certain natural psychedelic plants and fungi — such as “magic” mushrooms — was approved by an Oakland City Council committee Tuesday night and is expected to go to the full council for a vote on June 4.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the measure passes, Oakland would become the second city in the country to decriminalize entheogenic plants, \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/52a82fbd262b49b1ad035c4e4919e513\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">following Denver earlier this month\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal would make the “investigation and arrest of individuals involved with the adult use of entheogenic plants on the federal Schedule 1 list be amongst the lowest priority for the city of Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re here to fix a wrong that never should have occurred,” said Carlos Plazola, chair of Decriminalize Nature Oakland, which was sponsoring the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plazola gave a presentation on the proposal Tuesday night to the Oakland City Council’s public safety committee, which ultimately passed the resolution with three votes and one abstention. The presentation included a number of doctors speaking on the potential mental health benefits of entheogenic plants and nearly an hour of public testimony — and one standing ovation — largely in support of decriminalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They should never have been Schedule 1 substances in the first place based on any sort of scientific evidence,” said Dr. Kelan Thomas, a psychiatric pharmacist. Thomas told the committee he had published one of the first review papers on clinical trials with psychedelics and, while there have only been limited studies so far, the plants have been found to be incredibly effective in treating mental health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some evidence that one of the active components in psilocybin mushrooms can be used as a medical treatment in some patients, but this is also based off studies that have been small or very preliminary,” said Dr. Brian Anderson \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101871313/oakland-considers-decriminalizing-psychedelic-mushrooms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on KQED’s Forum\u003c/a> on Wednesday. Anderson is a psychiatrist at San Francisco General Hospital who has done studies on the use of psychedelic plants in religious ceremonies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Richard Nixon launched a war [on drugs] that we all know is stupid, racist, wasteful and expensive, and it is long past time for us to continue fighting Nixon’s war for him.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson noted that trials have shown these plants work distinctly differently from other available treatments for mental health. Psychedelic mushrooms’ effects on depression, for instance, can be large, when used as a form of drug-assisted psychotherapy. But this has been tested only on a few hundred patients in the last few years in the U.S. and maybe a couple of thousand in clinical trials in the last 20 years, he said. “It’s a little early to think we’ll be able to get FDA permission at this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, that’s far from what is being proposed in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about decriminalization. This is not about legalizing and being able to go get it from your physician,” said Anderson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While proponents argue psychedelic plants and fungi can ease depression and anxiety, and can even be used to treat cancer patients, critics have concerns about educating the public on safe use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things I’m focused on is that we introduce things the right way,” said Councilwoman Loren Taylor, who ultimately abstained from the vote. “How we deploy and how we support safe use and responsible use [is] a big piece for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Taylor said he’s supportive of how valuable psychedelic plants can be in certain settings, he’s also concerned about making sure mushrooms don’t become a fad with high school kids or get into the hands of those who are vulnerable or susceptible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a concern that Plazola, who is sponsoring the measure, acknowledged both in his presentation to the committee and on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101871313/oakland-considers-decriminalizing-psychedelic-mushrooms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED’s Forum Wednesday morning\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really about education,” Plazola said on Forum. At the meeting Tuesday night, he presented an education resource guide and a plan for how his organization and others would reach out to Oakland residents over the next two years to provide support and information. For example, he said, they would advise anyone with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder to consult with a doctor before taking entheogenic plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plazola, however, also argued that the criminalization of these plants has contributed to mass incarceration based on “irrational fears.” At the same time, he said, the mental health crisis has also hit those communities who do not have access to these resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The question that people should be asking themselves is, ‘What did the world look like before [these plants] were criminalized?'” he said. There is a long history of different plants being used in various religious ceremonies throughout the world, like ayahuasca tea among certain groups in Brazil or peyote among indigenous peoples in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilwoman Rebecca Kaplan agreed with the assessment that the plants and fungi never should have been criminalized in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Richard Nixon launched a war [on drugs] that we all know is stupid, racist, wasteful and expensive, and it is long past time for us to continue fighting Nixon’s war for him,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland Police Department said they have dealt with 19 cases of suspected psychedelic mushrooms over the last five years, and were not certain about cases of other plants listed in the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it passes, Plazola said Decriminalize Nature Oakland hopes to use the measure as a model for other cities and states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decriminalization in Denver was passed by ballot, with 51 percent of the vote. A similar measure is likely to be on \u003ca href=\"https://www.wweek.com/news/state/2019/04/03/why-stop-at-one-campaign-to-legalize-psychedelic-mushrooms-oregon-has-two-and-they-dont-get-along/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the ballot in Oregon in the fall of 2020\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated: 6 p.m., Tuesday, May 28\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTeachers at schools in Union City and parts of Hayward began the second week of their districtwide strike on Tuesday after a series of marathon bargaining sessions over the long weekend failed to produce a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite some movement, both sides said they were still far from reaching a compromise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This union action is actually the last resort,” said Joe Ku’e Angeles, president of the New Haven Teachers Association, which represents more than 560 teachers. “And as you can tell, we weren’t able to get any kind of satisfaction from the conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a deal seemed within reach, as the union, which had initially sought a 10% raise over two academic years, lowered its demand to a 3.7% retroactive raise for the current school year and an additional 3.26% bump for 2019-20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our members pay all healthcare costs out-of-pocket,” the teachers association said in a release. “We know the district can afford to give their teachers COLA (cost of living allowance) to help us keep up with the rising cost of living in the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, however, said meeting that demand would cost roughly $17.7 million over three years and force it to make $16.3 million in cuts in the 2020-21 school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District spokesman John Mattos said its teachers are already the highest paid in Alameda County, leaving very little room to maneuver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are a declining enrollment district who is deficit spending,” he said. “We’re making millions of dollars’ worth of cuts every year. And we didn’t feel like we had money to offer a significant raise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which had initially offered a 1% raise for next year and a one-time 3% payment, said it had upped the ante to “a one-time, 3% off-the-schedule pay increase for 2018-19 and an ongoing 2% on-the-schedule salary increase for 2019-20.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the union, which is also demanding smaller class sizes and more classroom support resources, said the new offer was “still not ratifiable by our members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly 11,000 students attend the New Haven Unified School District, which includes two high schools, two middle schools and seven elementary schools in Union City and parts of Hayward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next negotiating session is scheduled for Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the holiday weekend, teachers picketed in shifts outside the county office of education, where their bargaining team and district officials participated in 10-hour daily negotiating sessions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not where I would like to be with my family on a three-day weekend,” said Julie Francisco, a district teacher. “We know we’re out here for a really, really important reason and we’re not willing to give up that fight, so we’ll continue as long as we need to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teachers are a student’s most important resource,” said NHTA president Ku’e Angeles. “We want to attract and retain the best teachers for our students, and this district can afford our proposal. It is time to settle this contract and end this strike.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strike follows multiple high-profile walkouts in major school districts across the county, including in Oakland and Los Angeles earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of teachers unions in Oakland, Fremont, Hayward and other Bay Area cities said they will come and picket with striking teachers, students, parents and community members. Three local teachers unions and California Teachers Association’s chapters have also donated more than $10,000 to a strike fund for NHTA members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local teachers have also started a GoFundMe campaign for striking teachers who are “making this sacrifice in the face of a multitude of hardships,” according to a note on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/nhta-needy-teacher-fund\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GoFundMe page\u003c/a>. “There are those with life-saving medical costs, family emergencies and extraordinary financial hardship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ku’e Angeles voiced appreciation for the parents, community members, students and outside educators supporting teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You give us the energy we need to stay at the table,” he said. “With your continued support, we will get a student-centered contract by the end of this weekend. We want to be back in our classrooms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Vanessa Rancaño and Sara Hossaini contributed to this report, with additional content from Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated: 6 p.m., Tuesday, May 28\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTeachers at schools in Union City and parts of Hayward began the second week of their districtwide strike on Tuesday after a series of marathon bargaining sessions over the long weekend failed to produce a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite some movement, both sides said they were still far from reaching a compromise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This union action is actually the last resort,” said Joe Ku’e Angeles, president of the New Haven Teachers Association, which represents more than 560 teachers. “And as you can tell, we weren’t able to get any kind of satisfaction from the conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a deal seemed within reach, as the union, which had initially sought a 10% raise over two academic years, lowered its demand to a 3.7% retroactive raise for the current school year and an additional 3.26% bump for 2019-20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our members pay all healthcare costs out-of-pocket,” the teachers association said in a release. “We know the district can afford to give their teachers COLA (cost of living allowance) to help us keep up with the rising cost of living in the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, however, said meeting that demand would cost roughly $17.7 million over three years and force it to make $16.3 million in cuts in the 2020-21 school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District spokesman John Mattos said its teachers are already the highest paid in Alameda County, leaving very little room to maneuver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are a declining enrollment district who is deficit spending,” he said. “We’re making millions of dollars’ worth of cuts every year. And we didn’t feel like we had money to offer a significant raise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district, which had initially offered a 1% raise for next year and a one-time 3% payment, said it had upped the ante to “a one-time, 3% off-the-schedule pay increase for 2018-19 and an ongoing 2% on-the-schedule salary increase for 2019-20.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the union, which is also demanding smaller class sizes and more classroom support resources, said the new offer was “still not ratifiable by our members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly 11,000 students attend the New Haven Unified School District, which includes two high schools, two middle schools and seven elementary schools in Union City and parts of Hayward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next negotiating session is scheduled for Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the holiday weekend, teachers picketed in shifts outside the county office of education, where their bargaining team and district officials participated in 10-hour daily negotiating sessions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not where I would like to be with my family on a three-day weekend,” said Julie Francisco, a district teacher. “We know we’re out here for a really, really important reason and we’re not willing to give up that fight, so we’ll continue as long as we need to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teachers are a student’s most important resource,” said NHTA president Ku’e Angeles. “We want to attract and retain the best teachers for our students, and this district can afford our proposal. It is time to settle this contract and end this strike.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strike follows multiple high-profile walkouts in major school districts across the county, including in Oakland and Los Angeles earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of teachers unions in Oakland, Fremont, Hayward and other Bay Area cities said they will come and picket with striking teachers, students, parents and community members. Three local teachers unions and California Teachers Association’s chapters have also donated more than $10,000 to a strike fund for NHTA members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local teachers have also started a GoFundMe campaign for striking teachers who are “making this sacrifice in the face of a multitude of hardships,” according to a note on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/nhta-needy-teacher-fund\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GoFundMe page\u003c/a>. “There are those with life-saving medical costs, family emergencies and extraordinary financial hardship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ku’e Angeles voiced appreciation for the parents, community members, students and outside educators supporting teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You give us the energy we need to stay at the table,” he said. “With your continued support, we will get a student-centered contract by the end of this weekend. We want to be back in our classrooms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Vanessa Rancaño and Sara Hossaini contributed to this report, with additional content from Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[aside tag='college-admissions-scandal' label='More on the College Admissions Scandal']A Napa Valley vintner and a New York lawyer pleaded guilty on Tuesday in Boston federal court to participating in the college admissions bribery scheme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agustin Huneeus Jr.’s family owns vineyards in Napa Valley and in Oregon. Authorities say he agreed to pay $300,000 to rig his daughter’s SAT score and have her designated as a water polo recruit to the University of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gordon Caplan was co-chairman of the prominent law firm Willkie Farr & Gallagher. The Greenwich, Connecticut, resident was charged with paying $75,000 to get someone to correct the answers on his daughter’s ACT exam after she took it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huneeus and Caplan are among 14 parents who have agreed to plead guilty. Actress Felicity Huffman pleaded guilty last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>The so-called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/potholevigilantes/?hl=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pothole Vigilantes\u003c/a> started as two friends with a simple goal: fix every pothole in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11350519 label='Bay Curious']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every single one,” said Brian, who asked that his last name be withheld. He started the group about a month ago with his friend Eric, who also didn’t want to give his last name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I grew up in the East Bay Area,” Eric said. “Then I recently moved back to Oakland in February, and I just realized it’s riddled with potholes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then one day, Eric says he had “an epiphany”: he and Brian could fix the potholes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They started with the ones they knew about and eventually started taking requests on their Instagram account. They set up a GoFundMe page where people would make donations to help them pay for asphalt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian and Eric estimate they’ve raised around $6,500 and filled about 30 potholes, but they need more than just money to reach their ultimate goal of filling every pothole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we decided to come up with this meetup to have the community come out and fill the potholes in their streets,” Brian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the Streets With the Pothole Vigilantes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748332\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748332\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland's Pothole Vigilantes held a meetup to train more people to fill potholes and to hand out T-shirts.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland’s Pothole Vigilantes held a meetup to train more people to fill potholes and to hand out T-shirts. \u003ccite>(Sonja Hutson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a Thursday evening in Oakland, Brian and Eric pull up next to a park with a U-Haul carrying bags of asphalt for their first “Pothole Vigilante Meetup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People start to trickle in, loading the bags of asphalt into their cars, grabbing Pothole Vigilante T-shirts and getting quick tutorials from Eric and Brian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It says a lot about the culture here,” said Riley Laws, who came to get tips and supplies. “Oakland isn’t just a city that’s just rampant with negativity. You have people there that are actually doing something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it gets dark, Brian and Eric climb into a black pickup truck and head to a quiet street near Lake Merritt that they know has a lot of potholes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s get this one,” Eric says as they pull on to Bellevue Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vigilantes hop out of the truck, put a flashing yellow light on top of it and get to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process for filling a pothole is pretty simple, Eric said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, kick any debris like rocks and leaves out of the pothole. Next, pour in a couple bags of asphalt (the vigilantes usually use a couple 50-pound bags per pothole).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, use a tamper to hit the asphalt until it’s compressed and there’s a half-inch of asphalt above the rest of the street. Finally, the vigilantes run over the potholes with the truck to compress the asphalt even more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/BxlZDZXB_4a/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right as they are finishing up, a woman drives by and opens her window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are you the Pothole Vigilantes?” she asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are!” Eric replies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh my god, I honor you, I worship you, I wish I could vote for you guys for mayor of Oakland,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>City Planning $100 Million Repaving Program\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Brian and Eric have no plans to run for mayor, but they have captured the attention of the current mayor, Libby Schaaf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LibbySchaaf/status/1125916750640439296\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The City Council greenlit the $100 million dollar repaving plan, although the funding still needs to be approved, with a vote set for June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan calls for around triple the amount of money Oakland usually spends each year on street repair, said Ryan Russo, director of the city’s Department of Transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t really prioritized maintenance and infrastructure in the way we should,” Russo said. “But this paving plan really means that help is on the way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new plan, the city will take into account an area’s income and racial makeup when deciding which streets to prioritize repaving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Brian and Eric say that’s not enough, and they’ll keep filling as many potholes as they can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every single one,” said Brian, who asked that his last name be withheld. He started the group about a month ago with his friend Eric, who also didn’t want to give his last name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I grew up in the East Bay Area,” Eric said. “Then I recently moved back to Oakland in February, and I just realized it’s riddled with potholes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then one day, Eric says he had “an epiphany”: he and Brian could fix the potholes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They started with the ones they knew about and eventually started taking requests on their Instagram account. They set up a GoFundMe page where people would make donations to help them pay for asphalt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian and Eric estimate they’ve raised around $6,500 and filled about 30 potholes, but they need more than just money to reach their ultimate goal of filling every pothole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we decided to come up with this meetup to have the community come out and fill the potholes in their streets,” Brian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the Streets With the Pothole Vigilantes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748332\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748332\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland's Pothole Vigilantes held a meetup to train more people to fill potholes and to hand out T-shirts.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37183_IMG_1580-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland’s Pothole Vigilantes held a meetup to train more people to fill potholes and to hand out T-shirts. \u003ccite>(Sonja Hutson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a Thursday evening in Oakland, Brian and Eric pull up next to a park with a U-Haul carrying bags of asphalt for their first “Pothole Vigilante Meetup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People start to trickle in, loading the bags of asphalt into their cars, grabbing Pothole Vigilante T-shirts and getting quick tutorials from Eric and Brian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It says a lot about the culture here,” said Riley Laws, who came to get tips and supplies. “Oakland isn’t just a city that’s just rampant with negativity. You have people there that are actually doing something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it gets dark, Brian and Eric climb into a black pickup truck and head to a quiet street near Lake Merritt that they know has a lot of potholes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s get this one,” Eric says as they pull on to Bellevue Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated May 13, 1 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Desperate Housewives” star Felicity Huffman pleaded guilty on Monday to participating in the college admissions cheating scheme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 56-year-old actress entered the plea to a charge of conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Huffman stood with her hands clasped in front of her and responded, “Yes, your honor,” when asked whether she understood the charges. Her brother, Moore Huffman Jr., watched from the front row. Her husband, 69-year-old “Shameless” actor William H. Macy, didn’t attend the hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huffman became the highest-profile person so far to admit to taking part in a college admissions bribery scheme that has also ensnared prominent college coaches and figures from the business world in the investigation named “Operation Varsity Blues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case has put the career of Huffman, an Emmy-winning star, in turmoil and laid bare the elite’s ability to influence the education system. Huffman is among 14 parents who have agreed to plead guilty to charges in what authorities have called the biggest college admissions cheating scandal ever prosecuted in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Felicity Huffman']‘I am in full acceptance of my guilt, and with deep regret and shame over what I have done …’[/pullquote]The parents are accused of paying an admissions consultant to bribe coaches in exchange for helping their children get into school as athletic recruits. The consultant, Rick Singer, also paid off entrance exam administrators to allow a proctor to take tests for students or fix their answers, authorities say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huffman paid Singer $15,000 to have a proctor correct her older daughter’s SAT answers and considered going through with the scheme for her younger daughter before deciding not to, authorities say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators have said Macy was with her when Singer explained how he could arrange for the cheating because he “controlled” a test center. Both Huffman and Macy agreed to plan, authorities say, but Macy has not been charged. Prosecutors have not explained why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huffman has apologized and said her daughter, 18, was unaware of her actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am in full acceptance of my guilt, and with deep regret and shame over what I have done, I accept full responsibility for my actions and will accept the consequences that stem from those actions,” the actress said in an emailed statement last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huffman has agreed to plead guilty to a charge of conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Prosecutors had said they would seek a four-month sentence, but the judge could also choose not to send her to prison. Sentencing is set for Sept. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts differ on the long-term impact the scandal will have on Huffman’s career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='college-admissions-scandal' label='More on the College Admissions Scandal']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Huffman agreed to plead guilty, Netflix officials said a film starring her, “Otherhood,” would not be released as planned in April and a new date would be determined. A limited Netflix series featuring Huffman on the Central Park Five case is expected to debut this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles businessman Devin Sloane, who authorities say paid $250,000 to get his son into the University of Southern California as a fake water polo recruit, also pleaded guilty on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sloane, who founded a drinking and wastewater systems company, bought water polo gear online and worked with a graphic designer to create a bogus photo of his son playing the sport for the teen’s application, officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents accused of participating in the scam have decided to fight the charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fellow actress Lori Loughlin and her fashion designer husband, Mossimo Giannulli, have pleaded not guilty to paying $500,000 in bribes to get their daughters into USC as crew recruits even though neither of them is a rower.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated May 13, 1 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Desperate Housewives” star Felicity Huffman pleaded guilty on Monday to participating in the college admissions cheating scheme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 56-year-old actress entered the plea to a charge of conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Huffman stood with her hands clasped in front of her and responded, “Yes, your honor,” when asked whether she understood the charges. Her brother, Moore Huffman Jr., watched from the front row. Her husband, 69-year-old “Shameless” actor William H. Macy, didn’t attend the hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huffman became the highest-profile person so far to admit to taking part in a college admissions bribery scheme that has also ensnared prominent college coaches and figures from the business world in the investigation named “Operation Varsity Blues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case has put the career of Huffman, an Emmy-winning star, in turmoil and laid bare the elite’s ability to influence the education system. Huffman is among 14 parents who have agreed to plead guilty to charges in what authorities have called the biggest college admissions cheating scandal ever prosecuted in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The parents are accused of paying an admissions consultant to bribe coaches in exchange for helping their children get into school as athletic recruits. The consultant, Rick Singer, also paid off entrance exam administrators to allow a proctor to take tests for students or fix their answers, authorities say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huffman paid Singer $15,000 to have a proctor correct her older daughter’s SAT answers and considered going through with the scheme for her younger daughter before deciding not to, authorities say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators have said Macy was with her when Singer explained how he could arrange for the cheating because he “controlled” a test center. Both Huffman and Macy agreed to plan, authorities say, but Macy has not been charged. Prosecutors have not explained why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huffman has apologized and said her daughter, 18, was unaware of her actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am in full acceptance of my guilt, and with deep regret and shame over what I have done, I accept full responsibility for my actions and will accept the consequences that stem from those actions,” the actress said in an emailed statement last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huffman has agreed to plead guilty to a charge of conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Prosecutors had said they would seek a four-month sentence, but the judge could also choose not to send her to prison. Sentencing is set for Sept. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts differ on the long-term impact the scandal will have on Huffman’s career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Huffman agreed to plead guilty, Netflix officials said a film starring her, “Otherhood,” would not be released as planned in April and a new date would be determined. A limited Netflix series featuring Huffman on the Central Park Five case is expected to debut this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles businessman Devin Sloane, who authorities say paid $250,000 to get his son into the University of Southern California as a fake water polo recruit, also pleaded guilty on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sloane, who founded a drinking and wastewater systems company, bought water polo gear online and worked with a graphic designer to create a bogus photo of his son playing the sport for the teen’s application, officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents accused of participating in the scam have decided to fight the charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fellow actress Lori Loughlin and her fashion designer husband, Mossimo Giannulli, have pleaded not guilty to paying $500,000 in bribes to get their daughters into USC as crew recruits even though neither of them is a rower.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "how-have-a-bunch-of-19th-century-victorians-survived-in-downtown-oakland",
"title": "How Old Oakland’s Historic Buildings Survived Decay (and Demolition)",
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"content": "\u003cp>Walking along Broadway or Washington Street between Eighth and 10th Streets in downtown Oakland can feel a little like walking back in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]Just a stone’s throw from the business and government hub of City Center, across the street from a vibrant Chinatown and bordered by two major interstates, the neighborhood of Old Oakland has brick-lined sidewalks leading into grand Victorians that date back to the late 1800s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sort of odd that you’ve got older buildings and what appear to be older businesses that still exist in an area that I would have thought would have been bulldozed and turned into skyscrapers,” said Spencer Barton, who lives around the corner from Old Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barton asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>: “What the heck is Old Oakland doing here?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Railroad Comes to Oakland\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745515\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11745515\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut-800x562.jpg\" alt=\"The Oakland Long Wharf in 1878. In 1869, the wharf became the western terminus of the First Transcontinental Railroad.\" width=\"800\" height=\"562\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut-800x562.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut-1020x716.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Long Wharf in 1878. In 1869, the wharf became the western terminus of the First Transcontinental Railroad. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today’s Old Oakland was the heart of downtown Oakland in the 1870s. Before then, Oakland was a small town, dwarfed by booming San Francisco across the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in 1869, Oakland became the western terminus of the First Transcontinental Railroad, bringing a flood of new residents to the East Bay. The city’s population more than tripled from 1870 to 1880, including a large number of African Americans who had recently been freed from slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the weekends, if you wanted to stroll around and enjoy the fresh air and open space in an urban setting, you could do that in Oakland,” said Annalee Allen, an Oakland historian who coordinates the Oakland Tours Program through the city’s Cultural Affairs Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To support its growing population, a thriving downtown built up along Washington Street and Broadway, in what is now Old Oakland. Department stores, bakeries, tailors, offices, liquor stores, markets and more filled the street-level storefronts, with residential hotels occupying the upper stories of the neighborhood’s grand Victorians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745517\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11745517 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-800x584.jpg\" alt=\"An illustrated directory of Oakland from 1896 featuring the east side of Washington Street between 8th and 9th Streets shows some of the businesses that made up Oakland's original downtown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"584\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-800x584.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-160x117.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-1020x744.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-1200x876.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An illustrated directory of Oakland from 1896 featuring the east side of Washington Street between Eighth and Ninth Streets shows some of the businesses that made up Oakland’s original downtown. \u003ccite>(David Ramsey Map Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The 1906 earthquake and fires that devastated San Francisco brought even more residents to Oakland, and as the city expanded its footprint, the center of town started moving farther uptown along Broadway.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Old Oakland Gets Left Behind\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood continued to be a bustling commercial district in the first few decades of the 20th century, filled with smaller business and a few anchor tenants, like \u003ca href=\"http://rattos.com/\">Ratto’s International Market and Deli\u003c/a> on Washington Street between Eighth and Ninth Streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745516\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11745516\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Elena Durante holds up an engraved plate from the early days of Ratto's International Market and Deli. Durante's great-grandfather opened the store in 1897.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elena Durante holds up an engraved plate from the early days of Ratto’s International Market and Deli. Durante’s great-grandfather opened the store in 1897. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Then after World War II people started moving out to the suburbs,” said Elena Durante, owner of Ratto’s, which was founded in Old Oakland by Durante’s great-grandfather in 1897. “Things started to go downhill a little bit in the ’50s. And then by the ’60s this area was largely considered Skid Row, and there weren’t very many retail businesses on this street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the neighborhood was struggling, many of Old Oakland’s original buildings from the 19th century still remained. One writer in the 1970s described them as “the most distinguished composition of late Victorian architecture west of the Mississippi.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Old Oakland Rediscovered\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>These were the buildings that caught the eye of Glenn Storek, a young architecture student from UC Berkeley, when he first visited Oakland’s old downtown in the early 1960s for one of his classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was astounding to me to see those buildings,” Storek said of his first time seeing what was then known as Victorian Row. “It just burned an image into my brain.”[aside tag='bay-curious' label='Looking for More Bay Curious?']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the early 1970s, many of the Victorians that had so enthralled Storek had been condemned and padlocked. Storek by then was a practicing architect specializing in historical rehabilitation, and a friend called him to tell him that one of the buildings was for sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We looked at it pretty skeptically and thought, ‘Maybe this is something that could be saved, and maybe we ought to just figure out a way to do it,’ ” Storek said. “So that’s how it started.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Storek and his friend bought that building and another across the street a few months later. But they knew that even if they restored them, it would be hard to find commercial tenants who’d want to move into a neighborhood filled with condemned and decaying buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They went through the neighborhood asking the other building owners if they’d be interested in being part of a restoration project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They laughed at us,” Storek said. “They just said, ‘Are you crazy?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, it was a lot easier to destroy a neighborhood than to preserve one. It was the era of redevelopment and urban renewal projects, and cities and developers regularly leveled entire neighborhoods, which were often home to communities of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Storek feared the same thing would happen to the historic business district in Old Oakland. In fact, while Storek was trying to find a way to get his restoration plans off the ground, three buildings at Eighth and Washington Streets were torn down.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New Life for Old Oakland\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the mid-1970s, Storek worked with city leaders, including \u003ca href=\"https://localwiki.org/oakland/John_B._Williams\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">John Williams\u003c/a>, the head of the \u003ca href=\"https://localwiki.org/oakland/Oakland_Redevelopment_Agency\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oakland Redevelopment Agency\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1998/01/31/us/lionel-wilson-82-a-mayor-of-oakland-for-three-terms.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lionel Wilson\u003c/a>, Oakland’s first black mayor, to get the city to designate the proposed restoration as an official redevelopment project. Under the agreement, the city would use eminent domain to purchase all of the buildings in the neighborhood and sell them to Storek for the restoration. It also allowed the city to sell bonds, backed by Storek, that could be used to pay for the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of the businesses that were being bought out — including pawn shops, restaurants and an arts organization — pushed back against the project, and it wasn’t until the mid-1980s that all the original tenants had left and the restoration was able to begin in earnest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Storeks (Glenn’s brother Richard eventually joined him in the project) had already restored the first two buildings they had bought more than a decade earlier. As they restored more buildings over the second half of the 1980s, they brought in more tenants, including a bookstore, art gallery, Ethiopian restaurant and travel agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745526\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11745526\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Architect and developer Glenn Storek at his home with a redwood gargoyle, one of many that were stolen off some of the Victorians in Old Oakland during the neighborhood's restoration and eventually recovered.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Architect and developer Glenn Storek at his home with a redwood gargoyle, one of many that were stolen off some of the Victorians in Old Oakland during the neighborhood’s restoration and eventually recovered. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the Loma Prieta earthquake rocked the Bay Area on Oct. 17, 1989, none of the Old Oakland buildings restored and retrofitted by the Storeks fell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not a broken window,” Storek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But funding the ongoing restorations was proving to be a challenge. A few months before the earthquake, the Storeks took out an $8.9 million loan from Citicorp, and just over a year later, in December 1990, the bank \u003ca href=\"https://caselaw.findlaw.com/ca-court-of-appeal/1075914.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">foreclosed on the project\u003c/a>, saying the Storeks had defaulted on their loan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We couldn’t survive that, and so the Oakland project fell into bankruptcy,” Storek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Old Oakland Today\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With the Storeks out of the picture, the bank took over and eventually sold the project to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/stories/2002/04/08/focus16.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new developer\u003c/a> in 2001 (who sold it to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/blog/real-estate/2015/10/old-oakland-sold-11west-peter-sullivan.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">another developer\u003c/a> in 2015).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Progress was slow, but things have picked up over the past few years. Old Oakland is \u003ca href=\"https://www.old-oakland.com/visit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">thriving\u003c/a> now with trendy stores, hip restaurants and bars, a popular Friday farmers market and even a Steph Curry \u003ca href=\"https://warriorswire.usatoday.com/2019/01/03/video-the-line-for-steph-currys-pop-up-shop-is-insane/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pop-up shop\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745525\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11745525\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Today, Old Oakland is home to trendy spots like Blue Bottle Coffee and a Stephen Curry pop-up store.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Today, Old Oakland is home to trendy spots like Blue Bottle Coffee and a Steph Curry pop-up store. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But none of that might exist if Glenn Storek hadn’t stumbled upon those forgotten Victorians more than 50 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m absolutely convinced that in probably a year or two, you would have seen [Old Oakland as] bare land and vacant lots,” Storek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "How Old Oakland’s Historic Buildings Survived Decay (and Demolition) | KQED",
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"headline": "How Old Oakland’s Historic Buildings Survived Decay (and Demolition)",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Walking along Broadway or Washington Street between Eighth and 10th Streets in downtown Oakland can feel a little like walking back in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Just a stone’s throw from the business and government hub of City Center, across the street from a vibrant Chinatown and bordered by two major interstates, the neighborhood of Old Oakland has brick-lined sidewalks leading into grand Victorians that date back to the late 1800s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sort of odd that you’ve got older buildings and what appear to be older businesses that still exist in an area that I would have thought would have been bulldozed and turned into skyscrapers,” said Spencer Barton, who lives around the corner from Old Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barton asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>: “What the heck is Old Oakland doing here?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Railroad Comes to Oakland\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745515\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11745515\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut-800x562.jpg\" alt=\"The Oakland Long Wharf in 1878. In 1869, the wharf became the western terminus of the First Transcontinental Railroad.\" width=\"800\" height=\"562\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut-800x562.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut-1020x716.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36995_Oakland_Long_Wharf_1878-qut.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Long Wharf in 1878. In 1869, the wharf became the western terminus of the First Transcontinental Railroad. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today’s Old Oakland was the heart of downtown Oakland in the 1870s. Before then, Oakland was a small town, dwarfed by booming San Francisco across the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in 1869, Oakland became the western terminus of the First Transcontinental Railroad, bringing a flood of new residents to the East Bay. The city’s population more than tripled from 1870 to 1880, including a large number of African Americans who had recently been freed from slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the weekends, if you wanted to stroll around and enjoy the fresh air and open space in an urban setting, you could do that in Oakland,” said Annalee Allen, an Oakland historian who coordinates the Oakland Tours Program through the city’s Cultural Affairs Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To support its growing population, a thriving downtown built up along Washington Street and Broadway, in what is now Old Oakland. Department stores, bakeries, tailors, offices, liquor stores, markets and more filled the street-level storefronts, with residential hotels occupying the upper stories of the neighborhood’s grand Victorians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745517\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11745517 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-800x584.jpg\" alt=\"An illustrated directory of Oakland from 1896 featuring the east side of Washington Street between 8th and 9th Streets shows some of the businesses that made up Oakland's original downtown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"584\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-800x584.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-160x117.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-1020x744.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut-1200x876.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36998_Illustrated-Directory-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An illustrated directory of Oakland from 1896 featuring the east side of Washington Street between Eighth and Ninth Streets shows some of the businesses that made up Oakland’s original downtown. \u003ccite>(David Ramsey Map Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The 1906 earthquake and fires that devastated San Francisco brought even more residents to Oakland, and as the city expanded its footprint, the center of town started moving farther uptown along Broadway.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Old Oakland Gets Left Behind\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood continued to be a bustling commercial district in the first few decades of the 20th century, filled with smaller business and a few anchor tenants, like \u003ca href=\"http://rattos.com/\">Ratto’s International Market and Deli\u003c/a> on Washington Street between Eighth and Ninth Streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745516\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11745516\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Elena Durante holds up an engraved plate from the early days of Ratto's International Market and Deli. Durante's great-grandfather opened the store in 1897.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36996_IMG_0255-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elena Durante holds up an engraved plate from the early days of Ratto’s International Market and Deli. Durante’s great-grandfather opened the store in 1897. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Then after World War II people started moving out to the suburbs,” said Elena Durante, owner of Ratto’s, which was founded in Old Oakland by Durante’s great-grandfather in 1897. “Things started to go downhill a little bit in the ’50s. And then by the ’60s this area was largely considered Skid Row, and there weren’t very many retail businesses on this street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the neighborhood was struggling, many of Old Oakland’s original buildings from the 19th century still remained. One writer in the 1970s described them as “the most distinguished composition of late Victorian architecture west of the Mississippi.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Old Oakland Rediscovered\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>These were the buildings that caught the eye of Glenn Storek, a young architecture student from UC Berkeley, when he first visited Oakland’s old downtown in the early 1960s for one of his classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was astounding to me to see those buildings,” Storek said of his first time seeing what was then known as Victorian Row. “It just burned an image into my brain.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the early 1970s, many of the Victorians that had so enthralled Storek had been condemned and padlocked. Storek by then was a practicing architect specializing in historical rehabilitation, and a friend called him to tell him that one of the buildings was for sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We looked at it pretty skeptically and thought, ‘Maybe this is something that could be saved, and maybe we ought to just figure out a way to do it,’ ” Storek said. “So that’s how it started.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Storek and his friend bought that building and another across the street a few months later. But they knew that even if they restored them, it would be hard to find commercial tenants who’d want to move into a neighborhood filled with condemned and decaying buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They went through the neighborhood asking the other building owners if they’d be interested in being part of a restoration project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They laughed at us,” Storek said. “They just said, ‘Are you crazy?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, it was a lot easier to destroy a neighborhood than to preserve one. It was the era of redevelopment and urban renewal projects, and cities and developers regularly leveled entire neighborhoods, which were often home to communities of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Storek feared the same thing would happen to the historic business district in Old Oakland. In fact, while Storek was trying to find a way to get his restoration plans off the ground, three buildings at Eighth and Washington Streets were torn down.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New Life for Old Oakland\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the mid-1970s, Storek worked with city leaders, including \u003ca href=\"https://localwiki.org/oakland/John_B._Williams\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">John Williams\u003c/a>, the head of the \u003ca href=\"https://localwiki.org/oakland/Oakland_Redevelopment_Agency\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oakland Redevelopment Agency\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1998/01/31/us/lionel-wilson-82-a-mayor-of-oakland-for-three-terms.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lionel Wilson\u003c/a>, Oakland’s first black mayor, to get the city to designate the proposed restoration as an official redevelopment project. Under the agreement, the city would use eminent domain to purchase all of the buildings in the neighborhood and sell them to Storek for the restoration. It also allowed the city to sell bonds, backed by Storek, that could be used to pay for the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of the businesses that were being bought out — including pawn shops, restaurants and an arts organization — pushed back against the project, and it wasn’t until the mid-1980s that all the original tenants had left and the restoration was able to begin in earnest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Storeks (Glenn’s brother Richard eventually joined him in the project) had already restored the first two buildings they had bought more than a decade earlier. As they restored more buildings over the second half of the 1980s, they brought in more tenants, including a bookstore, art gallery, Ethiopian restaurant and travel agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745526\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11745526\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Architect and developer Glenn Storek at his home with a redwood gargoyle, one of many that were stolen off some of the Victorians in Old Oakland during the neighborhood's restoration and eventually recovered.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36999_IMG_0606-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Architect and developer Glenn Storek at his home with a redwood gargoyle, one of many that were stolen off some of the Victorians in Old Oakland during the neighborhood’s restoration and eventually recovered. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the Loma Prieta earthquake rocked the Bay Area on Oct. 17, 1989, none of the Old Oakland buildings restored and retrofitted by the Storeks fell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not a broken window,” Storek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But funding the ongoing restorations was proving to be a challenge. A few months before the earthquake, the Storeks took out an $8.9 million loan from Citicorp, and just over a year later, in December 1990, the bank \u003ca href=\"https://caselaw.findlaw.com/ca-court-of-appeal/1075914.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">foreclosed on the project\u003c/a>, saying the Storeks had defaulted on their loan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We couldn’t survive that, and so the Oakland project fell into bankruptcy,” Storek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Old Oakland Today\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With the Storeks out of the picture, the bank took over and eventually sold the project to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/stories/2002/04/08/focus16.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new developer\u003c/a> in 2001 (who sold it to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/blog/real-estate/2015/10/old-oakland-sold-11west-peter-sullivan.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">another developer\u003c/a> in 2015).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Progress was slow, but things have picked up over the past few years. Old Oakland is \u003ca href=\"https://www.old-oakland.com/visit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">thriving\u003c/a> now with trendy stores, hip restaurants and bars, a popular Friday farmers market and even a Steph Curry \u003ca href=\"https://warriorswire.usatoday.com/2019/01/03/video-the-line-for-steph-currys-pop-up-shop-is-insane/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pop-up shop\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11745525\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11745525\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Today, Old Oakland is home to trendy spots like Blue Bottle Coffee and a Stephen Curry pop-up store.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37005_New-Old-Oakland-2-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Today, Old Oakland is home to trendy spots like Blue Bottle Coffee and a Steph Curry pop-up store. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But none of that might exist if Glenn Storek hadn’t stumbled upon those forgotten Victorians more than 50 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m absolutely convinced that in probably a year or two, you would have seen [Old Oakland as] bare land and vacant lots,” Storek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: The following story was produced for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/youth-takeover\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Youth Takeover\u003c/a> week at KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m typing this story at 3:44 AM on a Wednesday morning, just a few hours before school begins. If it hadn’t been pushed back a couple of weeks, the SAT would have happened today, and I would have taken it operating on about two hours’ worth of sleep. On Thursday, I’ll probably be pulling an all-nighter to finish my work for AP U.S. History.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve never had what most people would call “healthy sleeping habits.” In elementary school, I would go to my cousin’s house for sleepovers, and every midnight, we’d raid the fridge for his dad’s Red Bull, hyping ourselves up on however much caffeine we could find, and pretend we were asleep when his mom came to get us in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m a junior now, and I still drink a lot of Red Bull. I have five empty 24-packs sitting in the back of my closet that can testify to that. I know it’s bad for me. I’ve heard more than enough stories in my life about heart failure, and livers with holes them. But really, energy drinks are the only way I can keep myself awake during the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, I’ve developed insomnia, high blood pressure and angina. I’m 17 years old, but I can sometimes feel my heart skip beats when the caffeine makes my blood pump too fast. Loud noises and stress mixed with Monster Energy drinks cause my ears to ring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> [aside postID='news_11744347,news_11744837,news_11744489' label='more stories from the youth takeover']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve inverted my sleep schedule so that I’m no longer sleeping during the night, but rather during the day. Typically, I take the bus home after 7th period, put a couple of cans of Red Bull in the fridge for later, and go to bed until about 8 PM. Unless I have nothing to do, I work from then until 6 AM, when I start getting ready for school. Of course, a lot of that work is mixed in with procrastination, but some days — days when things like essays and applications are due — I realize that I don’t have any time to sleep at all. Those are the days I stay awake for 36 hours, and they happen at least twice a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know that I’m not an isolated case. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sleepfoundation.org/professionals/sleep-america-polls/2006-teens-and-sleep\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2006 National Sleep Foundation poll\u003c/a> said that 87 percent of teenagers across the nation are getting far less than the recommended eight hours per night. In a \u003ca href=\"https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/early/2014/08/19/peds.2014-1696.full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2014 report\u003c/a>, the American Academy of Pediatrics labeled sleep deprivation among kids as an “epidemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Really, it sometimes feels like I have no options. Does anyone? We can try as many things as we want, but it never changes. New diets, louder alarms, stricter sleeping regimens — nothing fixes it. So it stays the same, I stay the same — tired. I’m always tired.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: The following story was produced for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/youth-takeover\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Youth Takeover\u003c/a> week at KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m typing this story at 3:44 AM on a Wednesday morning, just a few hours before school begins. If it hadn’t been pushed back a couple of weeks, the SAT would have happened today, and I would have taken it operating on about two hours’ worth of sleep. On Thursday, I’ll probably be pulling an all-nighter to finish my work for AP U.S. History.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve never had what most people would call “healthy sleeping habits.” In elementary school, I would go to my cousin’s house for sleepovers, and every midnight, we’d raid the fridge for his dad’s Red Bull, hyping ourselves up on however much caffeine we could find, and pretend we were asleep when his mom came to get us in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m a junior now, and I still drink a lot of Red Bull. I have five empty 24-packs sitting in the back of my closet that can testify to that. I know it’s bad for me. I’ve heard more than enough stories in my life about heart failure, and livers with holes them. But really, energy drinks are the only way I can keep myself awake during the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, I’ve developed insomnia, high blood pressure and angina. I’m 17 years old, but I can sometimes feel my heart skip beats when the caffeine makes my blood pump too fast. Loud noises and stress mixed with Monster Energy drinks cause my ears to ring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve inverted my sleep schedule so that I’m no longer sleeping during the night, but rather during the day. Typically, I take the bus home after 7th period, put a couple of cans of Red Bull in the fridge for later, and go to bed until about 8 PM. Unless I have nothing to do, I work from then until 6 AM, when I start getting ready for school. Of course, a lot of that work is mixed in with procrastination, but some days — days when things like essays and applications are due — I realize that I don’t have any time to sleep at all. Those are the days I stay awake for 36 hours, and they happen at least twice a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know that I’m not an isolated case. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sleepfoundation.org/professionals/sleep-america-polls/2006-teens-and-sleep\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2006 National Sleep Foundation poll\u003c/a> said that 87 percent of teenagers across the nation are getting far less than the recommended eight hours per night. In a \u003ca href=\"https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/early/2014/08/19/peds.2014-1696.full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2014 report\u003c/a>, the American Academy of Pediatrics labeled sleep deprivation among kids as an “epidemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Really, it sometimes feels like I have no options. Does anyone? We can try as many things as we want, but it never changes. New diets, louder alarms, stricter sleeping regimens — nothing fixes it. So it stays the same, I stay the same — tired. I’m always tired.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "how-california-teens-wound-up-at-pennsylvania-school-accused-of-battering-students",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]F[/dropcap]or years, counties throughout the Bay Area and California have been sending teenage boys in trouble with the law to a Philadelphia-area institution that is now the target of allegations of widespread physical abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those placements continued in some cases despite the findings of an unannounced June 2016 inspection by California officials that staff at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.glenmillsschool.org/about/history/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Glen Mills Schools\u003c/a> routinely punished boys for behavior such as biting their lips, flinching or shifting their eyes while talking to counselors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The punishment sometimes took the form of physically restraining students or forcing them to sit for long periods in violation of regulations that limit such techniques to situations where the teens are “assaultive” or endangering themselves or others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those findings were summarized \u003ca href=\"https://secure.dss.ca.gov/ccld/TransparencyAPI/api/FacilityReports?facNum=602300033&inx=4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in a brief report\u003c/a> on the inspection visit to Glen Mills, considered the nation’s oldest “reform school” for male youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Under no circumstances shall physical restraints be used as disciplinary action,” MaryJo Tobola, a California Department of Social Services official, wrote in the June 17, 2016, summary.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We have repeatedly heard from numerous youth that Glen Mills staff would use the term ‘physical restraint’ to include punching, choking, body slamming, head butting. …’\u003ccite>Nadia Mozaffar, Juvenile Law Center\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>By the department’s definition, permissible restraints for an assaultive juvenile or one posing a danger could range from staff members positioning themselves to limit a teen’s movement to use of “mechanical devices” to placing a juvenile in a seclusion room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “physical restraints” at Glen Mills reportedly went far beyond such methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.philly.com/crime/a/glen-mills-schools-pa-abuse-juvenile-investigation-20190220.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Philadelphia Inquirer investigation\u003c/a> reported allegations of beatings and other extreme physical abuse by some Glen Mills staff members and efforts by the school’s officials to cover them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have repeatedly heard from numerous youth that Glen Mills staff would use the term ‘physical restraint’ to include punching, choking, body slamming, head butting and painfully limiting the movement of youth from ‘violations,’ including not ‘shutting up’ and not tying shoes,” said Nadia Mozaffar, a staff attorney at the Philadelphia-based Juvenile Law Center, among several groups that have filed \u003ca href=\"https://www.elc-pa.org/2019/04/11/class-action-suit-against-glen-mills-schools-and-pa-officials-cites-abuse-of-children-deprivation-of-education/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuits\u003c/a> against the institution. “At Glen Mills, ‘physical restraint’ was a euphemism for physical assault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pennsylvania regulators have revoked the school’s permits, and juveniles housed at the institution have been pulled out and sent elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the horrific point of all of this — that everyone anecdotally heard these stories. It was so prevalent,” said Maura McInerney, legal director of the Philadelphia-based Education Law Center, which also represents Glen Mills plaintiffs. “There should have been alarm bells going off for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743855\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11743855\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser-800x605.jpg\" alt=\"Marsha Levick, Juvenile Law Center chief legal officer, speaks at a press conference along with Maura McInerney, Education Law Center legal director (center) on April 11.\" width=\"800\" height=\"605\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser-800x605.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser-1020x771.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marsha Levick, Juvenile Law Center chief legal officer, speaks at a press conference along with Maura McInerney, Education Law Center legal director (center) on April 11. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Juvenile Law Center)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California Used Glen Mills For Decades\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a dozen counties in California, including several in the Bay Area, have sent scores of boys to the school, according to interviews with local probation officials and a review of publicly available California Department of Social Services records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state report that identified “deficiencies” at Glen Mills in 2016 said that supervisors there told inspectors they would make it clear to their staff that the abusive behavior needed to stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If not corrected, these violations will have direct and immediate risk to the health, safety or personal rights of youth in care,” Tobola of the CDSS wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But weeks after the inspection, the agency extended its certification of Glen Mills for another year. The Department of Social Services went on to extend the certification over the next several years as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Weston, a CDSS spokesman, said Glen Mills eventually completed a plan of correction by training its staff on the appropriate use of restraints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Macallair, executive director of the San Francisco-based Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice, says California regulators may have been reluctant to hold Glen Mills accountable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In part, he said, that’s because of the limited number of placement options the state has. But it’s also because abuses are not uncommon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some reluctance to push too hard, to open too many doors or look under too many rugs,” Macallair said. “If we were to pull the curtain back all the way, we’d have to shut the entire system down, because these are the kinds of things that happen in these places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, \u003ca href=\"https://www.philly.com/crime/a/glen-mills-schools-pa-abuse-juvenile-investigation-20190220.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Inquirer’s story\u003c/a> pulled the curtain back on numerous incidents in which teens sent to Glen Mills were battered and brutalized by the school’s staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There’s some reluctance to push too hard, to open too many doors or look under too many rugs. If we were to pull the curtain back all the way, we’d have to shut the entire system down. …’\u003ccite>Daniel Macallair, Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The episodes included cases in which staff injured two boys at the school so severely they needed staples to close scalp wounds. In another case, the Inquirer said, a teen required stitches in his back after a staff member pushed him through a plate glass window. Another reported episode involved a counselor stepping on a boy’s face, breaking his jaw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Inquirer story led to calls for the school to close and raised questions over whether Pennsylvania regulators had ignored abuse at the school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March 16 juveniles from California were among the hundreds pulled out of the school after it lost its Pennsylvania licenses, according to Ali Fogarty, a spokeswoman for the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Friday, Weston told KQED that state social services officials have launched an investigation into the circumstances surrounding Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcome of that probe could lead California regulators to revoke the school’s license to take in kids from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Cruz Abuse Case\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the boys profiled in the Philadelphia Inquirer series was Nathan Thomas, who was 16 when he was sent to Glen Mills from Santa Cruz in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas told the paper that counselors liked to bash students’ heads into the door of a refrigerator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said one day a counselor overhead him talking with another boy about abuse at the facility. The staff member took him to the refrigerator, which was dented by the heads of his fellow students. Thomas said the staff member slammed his head into the door, choked him and spit in his face. A second counselor slapped him, Thomas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jason Hoppin, a Santa Cruz County spokesman, said he could not comment on specific abuse allegations. But he added that probation staff occasionally hear complaints of abuse during state-mandated monthly visits to facilities outside California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In those cases, Santa Cruz officials refer the complaints to child protective agencies in the jurisdictions where the facilities are located, Hoppin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have given a client a code word to use to relay any concerns he may have had about his situation,” Hoppin said. “We hate to hear about this kind of stuff, and we act quickly and thoroughly when we do hear complaints like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county has sent eight juvenile offenders to Glen Mills in the last decade, Hoppin said. He added that the county has a limited number of beds in its own jurisdiction and few options statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We use out-of-state group homes as a last resort. Santa Cruz County would prefer to keep kids locally,” Hoppin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bay Area Counties \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials have sent at least 30 boys to Glen Mills over the last decade, according to the city’s top juvenile probation official, who said he hasn’t heard of problems from any of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We actually were very fond of Glen Mills,” said Allen Nance, San Francisco’s chief probation officer. “In fact, among our juvenile justice practitioners, Glen Mills was one of the more popular placement sites for some of our most difficult-to-place youth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city placed juveniles in the Pennsylvania school because in-state facilities failed to meet their needs, Nance said. Some of the kids in the system who have dealt with extreme trauma or have been diagnosed with “conduct disorder” were sent to Glen Mills, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When San Francisco probation staff made their required monthly visits to Glen Mills, Nance said, there were never any complaints of abuse or neglect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Santa Cruz County, San Francisco stopped using Glen Mills in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The incidents of concern came up long after we had discontinued our utilization of Glen Mills,” Nance said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nance said his department wanted to keep kids closer to home, reduce the number of out-of-state facilities it uses and choose others that offer more clinical services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County sent around 45 boys to Glen Mills between 2002 and 2018, according to Michael Simms, deputy chief of the county probation department’s juvenile service division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simms did not answer specific questions about how many complaints the county got from youth sent to Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We always follow up immediately on any credible accusations, which is consistent with our current response,” Simms said in an emailed statement. “We expect our youth to be treated with exemplary care and will not allow them to remain in any environment that does not provide such care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://ccld.ca.gov/res/pdf/GM14.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2014\u003c/a> Alameda County had eight boys at Glen Mills and in \u003ca href=\"http://ccld.ca.gov/res/pdf/GM15.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2015\u003c/a> the county had 13 teens at the facility, according to state reports. Officials there did not reply to a series of emailed questions about the boys’ placements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teens From Southern California, Central Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials in Los Angeles, San Diego, San Bernardino, Imperial, Kern, Merced, Sacramento, San Joaquin and Stanislaus counties have all sent children to Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County officials did not respond to requests for comment, but a county official disclosed two investigations into abuse complaints at Glen Mills during a Commission for Institutional Inspections \u003ca href=\"http://file.lacounty.gov/SDSInter/bos/supdocs/117121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">meeting\u003c/a> in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the same year that, according to the Inquirer, a 17-year-old Los Angeles boy tried to run away from the 800-acre facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newspaper reported that staff found the boy in the woods and took him to a school stairwell, where four counselors took turns sitting on his chest. The staff choked and punched him, the Inquirer said. He told the paper he could barely leave his bed for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have sent male youth to this facility for well over a decade,” said TR Merickel, Kern County’s chief probation officer, who estimated that around 40 boys from the county have stayed at Glen Mills during that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have never received any reports or allegations of staff abuse from the youth placed there,” Merickel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Joaquin County has averaged between five and seven youths per year at Glen Mills since 1999, according to Steve Jackson, a county chief probation officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Joaquin County takes all allegations of abuse very seriously,” Jackson said. “At the time of this news article our county had one youth in the program who was getting ready to graduate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson said his agency was not aware of any complaints from young people it sent to Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Kettering, Merced County’s chief probation officer, said the county sent several juveniles to Glen Mills and heard only positive feedback about the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the other county probation offices did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Out-of-State Placement Works\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 1998 California law requires state regulators to certify out-of-state facilities where juveniles are placed and directs the Department of Social Services to investigate allegations of abuse at those locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next year the department first certified Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, there are more than two dozen certified group homes in 10 states where county social services and probation departments can place foster children and juvenile wards “whose needs cannot be met” in California facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every time a kid from California is placed out of state by the juvenile court, the court has to make a finding on the record that there is no place in California that can meet their kids’ needs,” said Jim Salio, chief probation officer in San Luis Obispo County and the former president of the Chief Probation Officers of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some youth advocates say California probation officials use facilities like Glen Mills to send tough-to-treat teens as far away as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want to get them out of town,” said Macallair with the Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice. “Sending them to the East Coast is one way. It takes the problem off your hands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counties pay most out-of-California facilities between $6,000 and $9,000 a month per placement, according to state regulators and county officials. That money is made up of federal, state and county funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You would think that in California we would have programs that could meet the needs of children in California and we wouldn’t have to send them out of state. But that’s not true,” said Salio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of mind-blowing. How come California can’t meet the needs of their own children? What are we missing in our system?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salio said county probation officials and the state should invest in keeping kids closer to their own communities and move away from the group-home model to short-term residential treatment programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Juvenile Advocates \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates who are pressing for juvenile justice reform agree. They say local probation officials should not be sending juveniles all the way across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the juvenile justice context, it is much better to serve students within their communities, within smaller local facilities,” said Mozaffar, of the Juvenile Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McInerney, of the Education Law Center, said long-distance transfers of young people go against efforts to make juvenile justice rehabilitative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we should be doing is ensuring that there are options within the community, smaller settings where there can be better oversight,” McInerney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mozaffar and McInerney say Californians who stayed at Glen Mills have not reported abuses to them yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We heard of extreme fear from everyone that if they told someone, that things would be worse for them,” Mozaffar said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for Glen Mills did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school disputes the allegations of wrongdoing and has \u003ca href=\"https://www.philly.com/news/glen-mills-schools-appeal-emergency-removal-order-pennsylvania-abuse-students-20190404.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">appealed\u003c/a> the decision by Pennsylvania regulators to revoke its permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Clarification: This story originally reported that several dozen juveniles from California were pulled from Glen Mills in March. That’s because a California Department of Social Service spokesman said there were 36 juveniles at the school in 2018. But after the story published, a representative of the Pennsylvania Department of Department of Human Services said there were 14 juveniles from California at Glen Mills before the school was ordered to remove them.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can find more on the Philadelphia Inquirer’s investigation into Glen Mills and its aftermath by visiting the \u003ca href=\"https://www.philly.com/author/gartner_lisa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">author page\u003c/a> of the reporter who broke the story, Lisa Gartner. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California regulators documented abusive practices at the Glen Mills Schools, outside Philadelphia, but never revoked the institution's license.",
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"title": "How California Teens Wound Up at Pennsylvania School Accused of Battering Students | KQED",
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"headline": "How California Teens Wound Up at Pennsylvania School Accused of Battering Students",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">F\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>or years, counties throughout the Bay Area and California have been sending teenage boys in trouble with the law to a Philadelphia-area institution that is now the target of allegations of widespread physical abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those placements continued in some cases despite the findings of an unannounced June 2016 inspection by California officials that staff at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.glenmillsschool.org/about/history/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Glen Mills Schools\u003c/a> routinely punished boys for behavior such as biting their lips, flinching or shifting their eyes while talking to counselors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The punishment sometimes took the form of physically restraining students or forcing them to sit for long periods in violation of regulations that limit such techniques to situations where the teens are “assaultive” or endangering themselves or others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those findings were summarized \u003ca href=\"https://secure.dss.ca.gov/ccld/TransparencyAPI/api/FacilityReports?facNum=602300033&inx=4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in a brief report\u003c/a> on the inspection visit to Glen Mills, considered the nation’s oldest “reform school” for male youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Under no circumstances shall physical restraints be used as disciplinary action,” MaryJo Tobola, a California Department of Social Services official, wrote in the June 17, 2016, summary.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We have repeatedly heard from numerous youth that Glen Mills staff would use the term ‘physical restraint’ to include punching, choking, body slamming, head butting. …’\u003ccite>Nadia Mozaffar, Juvenile Law Center\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>By the department’s definition, permissible restraints for an assaultive juvenile or one posing a danger could range from staff members positioning themselves to limit a teen’s movement to use of “mechanical devices” to placing a juvenile in a seclusion room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “physical restraints” at Glen Mills reportedly went far beyond such methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.philly.com/crime/a/glen-mills-schools-pa-abuse-juvenile-investigation-20190220.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Philadelphia Inquirer investigation\u003c/a> reported allegations of beatings and other extreme physical abuse by some Glen Mills staff members and efforts by the school’s officials to cover them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have repeatedly heard from numerous youth that Glen Mills staff would use the term ‘physical restraint’ to include punching, choking, body slamming, head butting and painfully limiting the movement of youth from ‘violations,’ including not ‘shutting up’ and not tying shoes,” said Nadia Mozaffar, a staff attorney at the Philadelphia-based Juvenile Law Center, among several groups that have filed \u003ca href=\"https://www.elc-pa.org/2019/04/11/class-action-suit-against-glen-mills-schools-and-pa-officials-cites-abuse-of-children-deprivation-of-education/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuits\u003c/a> against the institution. “At Glen Mills, ‘physical restraint’ was a euphemism for physical assault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pennsylvania regulators have revoked the school’s permits, and juveniles housed at the institution have been pulled out and sent elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the horrific point of all of this — that everyone anecdotally heard these stories. It was so prevalent,” said Maura McInerney, legal director of the Philadelphia-based Education Law Center, which also represents Glen Mills plaintiffs. “There should have been alarm bells going off for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743855\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11743855\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser-800x605.jpg\" alt=\"Marsha Levick, Juvenile Law Center chief legal officer, speaks at a press conference along with Maura McInerney, Education Law Center legal director (center) on April 11.\" width=\"800\" height=\"605\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser-800x605.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser-1020x771.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Glenn-Mills-Presser.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marsha Levick, Juvenile Law Center chief legal officer, speaks at a press conference along with Maura McInerney, Education Law Center legal director (center) on April 11. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Juvenile Law Center)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California Used Glen Mills For Decades\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a dozen counties in California, including several in the Bay Area, have sent scores of boys to the school, according to interviews with local probation officials and a review of publicly available California Department of Social Services records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state report that identified “deficiencies” at Glen Mills in 2016 said that supervisors there told inspectors they would make it clear to their staff that the abusive behavior needed to stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If not corrected, these violations will have direct and immediate risk to the health, safety or personal rights of youth in care,” Tobola of the CDSS wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But weeks after the inspection, the agency extended its certification of Glen Mills for another year. The Department of Social Services went on to extend the certification over the next several years as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Weston, a CDSS spokesman, said Glen Mills eventually completed a plan of correction by training its staff on the appropriate use of restraints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Macallair, executive director of the San Francisco-based Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice, says California regulators may have been reluctant to hold Glen Mills accountable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In part, he said, that’s because of the limited number of placement options the state has. But it’s also because abuses are not uncommon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some reluctance to push too hard, to open too many doors or look under too many rugs,” Macallair said. “If we were to pull the curtain back all the way, we’d have to shut the entire system down, because these are the kinds of things that happen in these places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, \u003ca href=\"https://www.philly.com/crime/a/glen-mills-schools-pa-abuse-juvenile-investigation-20190220.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Inquirer’s story\u003c/a> pulled the curtain back on numerous incidents in which teens sent to Glen Mills were battered and brutalized by the school’s staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There’s some reluctance to push too hard, to open too many doors or look under too many rugs. If we were to pull the curtain back all the way, we’d have to shut the entire system down. …’\u003ccite>Daniel Macallair, Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The episodes included cases in which staff injured two boys at the school so severely they needed staples to close scalp wounds. In another case, the Inquirer said, a teen required stitches in his back after a staff member pushed him through a plate glass window. Another reported episode involved a counselor stepping on a boy’s face, breaking his jaw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Inquirer story led to calls for the school to close and raised questions over whether Pennsylvania regulators had ignored abuse at the school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March 16 juveniles from California were among the hundreds pulled out of the school after it lost its Pennsylvania licenses, according to Ali Fogarty, a spokeswoman for the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Friday, Weston told KQED that state social services officials have launched an investigation into the circumstances surrounding Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcome of that probe could lead California regulators to revoke the school’s license to take in kids from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Cruz Abuse Case\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the boys profiled in the Philadelphia Inquirer series was Nathan Thomas, who was 16 when he was sent to Glen Mills from Santa Cruz in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas told the paper that counselors liked to bash students’ heads into the door of a refrigerator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said one day a counselor overhead him talking with another boy about abuse at the facility. The staff member took him to the refrigerator, which was dented by the heads of his fellow students. Thomas said the staff member slammed his head into the door, choked him and spit in his face. A second counselor slapped him, Thomas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jason Hoppin, a Santa Cruz County spokesman, said he could not comment on specific abuse allegations. But he added that probation staff occasionally hear complaints of abuse during state-mandated monthly visits to facilities outside California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In those cases, Santa Cruz officials refer the complaints to child protective agencies in the jurisdictions where the facilities are located, Hoppin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have given a client a code word to use to relay any concerns he may have had about his situation,” Hoppin said. “We hate to hear about this kind of stuff, and we act quickly and thoroughly when we do hear complaints like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county has sent eight juvenile offenders to Glen Mills in the last decade, Hoppin said. He added that the county has a limited number of beds in its own jurisdiction and few options statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We use out-of-state group homes as a last resort. Santa Cruz County would prefer to keep kids locally,” Hoppin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bay Area Counties \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials have sent at least 30 boys to Glen Mills over the last decade, according to the city’s top juvenile probation official, who said he hasn’t heard of problems from any of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We actually were very fond of Glen Mills,” said Allen Nance, San Francisco’s chief probation officer. “In fact, among our juvenile justice practitioners, Glen Mills was one of the more popular placement sites for some of our most difficult-to-place youth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city placed juveniles in the Pennsylvania school because in-state facilities failed to meet their needs, Nance said. Some of the kids in the system who have dealt with extreme trauma or have been diagnosed with “conduct disorder” were sent to Glen Mills, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When San Francisco probation staff made their required monthly visits to Glen Mills, Nance said, there were never any complaints of abuse or neglect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Santa Cruz County, San Francisco stopped using Glen Mills in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The incidents of concern came up long after we had discontinued our utilization of Glen Mills,” Nance said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nance said his department wanted to keep kids closer to home, reduce the number of out-of-state facilities it uses and choose others that offer more clinical services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County sent around 45 boys to Glen Mills between 2002 and 2018, according to Michael Simms, deputy chief of the county probation department’s juvenile service division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simms did not answer specific questions about how many complaints the county got from youth sent to Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We always follow up immediately on any credible accusations, which is consistent with our current response,” Simms said in an emailed statement. “We expect our youth to be treated with exemplary care and will not allow them to remain in any environment that does not provide such care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://ccld.ca.gov/res/pdf/GM14.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2014\u003c/a> Alameda County had eight boys at Glen Mills and in \u003ca href=\"http://ccld.ca.gov/res/pdf/GM15.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2015\u003c/a> the county had 13 teens at the facility, according to state reports. Officials there did not reply to a series of emailed questions about the boys’ placements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teens From Southern California, Central Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials in Los Angeles, San Diego, San Bernardino, Imperial, Kern, Merced, Sacramento, San Joaquin and Stanislaus counties have all sent children to Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County officials did not respond to requests for comment, but a county official disclosed two investigations into abuse complaints at Glen Mills during a Commission for Institutional Inspections \u003ca href=\"http://file.lacounty.gov/SDSInter/bos/supdocs/117121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">meeting\u003c/a> in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the same year that, according to the Inquirer, a 17-year-old Los Angeles boy tried to run away from the 800-acre facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newspaper reported that staff found the boy in the woods and took him to a school stairwell, where four counselors took turns sitting on his chest. The staff choked and punched him, the Inquirer said. He told the paper he could barely leave his bed for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have sent male youth to this facility for well over a decade,” said TR Merickel, Kern County’s chief probation officer, who estimated that around 40 boys from the county have stayed at Glen Mills during that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have never received any reports or allegations of staff abuse from the youth placed there,” Merickel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Joaquin County has averaged between five and seven youths per year at Glen Mills since 1999, according to Steve Jackson, a county chief probation officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Joaquin County takes all allegations of abuse very seriously,” Jackson said. “At the time of this news article our county had one youth in the program who was getting ready to graduate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson said his agency was not aware of any complaints from young people it sent to Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Kettering, Merced County’s chief probation officer, said the county sent several juveniles to Glen Mills and heard only positive feedback about the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the other county probation offices did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Out-of-State Placement Works\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 1998 California law requires state regulators to certify out-of-state facilities where juveniles are placed and directs the Department of Social Services to investigate allegations of abuse at those locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next year the department first certified Glen Mills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, there are more than two dozen certified group homes in 10 states where county social services and probation departments can place foster children and juvenile wards “whose needs cannot be met” in California facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every time a kid from California is placed out of state by the juvenile court, the court has to make a finding on the record that there is no place in California that can meet their kids’ needs,” said Jim Salio, chief probation officer in San Luis Obispo County and the former president of the Chief Probation Officers of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some youth advocates say California probation officials use facilities like Glen Mills to send tough-to-treat teens as far away as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want to get them out of town,” said Macallair with the Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice. “Sending them to the East Coast is one way. It takes the problem off your hands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counties pay most out-of-California facilities between $6,000 and $9,000 a month per placement, according to state regulators and county officials. That money is made up of federal, state and county funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You would think that in California we would have programs that could meet the needs of children in California and we wouldn’t have to send them out of state. But that’s not true,” said Salio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of mind-blowing. How come California can’t meet the needs of their own children? What are we missing in our system?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salio said county probation officials and the state should invest in keeping kids closer to their own communities and move away from the group-home model to short-term residential treatment programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Juvenile Advocates \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates who are pressing for juvenile justice reform agree. They say local probation officials should not be sending juveniles all the way across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the juvenile justice context, it is much better to serve students within their communities, within smaller local facilities,” said Mozaffar, of the Juvenile Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McInerney, of the Education Law Center, said long-distance transfers of young people go against efforts to make juvenile justice rehabilitative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we should be doing is ensuring that there are options within the community, smaller settings where there can be better oversight,” McInerney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mozaffar and McInerney say Californians who stayed at Glen Mills have not reported abuses to them yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We heard of extreme fear from everyone that if they told someone, that things would be worse for them,” Mozaffar said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for Glen Mills did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school disputes the allegations of wrongdoing and has \u003ca href=\"https://www.philly.com/news/glen-mills-schools-appeal-emergency-removal-order-pennsylvania-abuse-students-20190404.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">appealed\u003c/a> the decision by Pennsylvania regulators to revoke its permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Clarification: This story originally reported that several dozen juveniles from California were pulled from Glen Mills in March. That’s because a California Department of Social Service spokesman said there were 36 juveniles at the school in 2018. But after the story published, a representative of the Pennsylvania Department of Department of Human Services said there were 14 juveniles from California at Glen Mills before the school was ordered to remove them.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can find more on the Philadelphia Inquirer’s investigation into Glen Mills and its aftermath by visiting the \u003ca href=\"https://www.philly.com/author/gartner_lisa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">author page\u003c/a> of the reporter who broke the story, Lisa Gartner. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Missing School is a Given for Children of Migrant Farmworkers",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the summer of his junior year, Luis Miguel was struggling to stay in high school. He and his family of four – who work various agricultural jobs from picking blueberries and cherries to pruning grapes and canning tomatoes – live in one of California’s 24 \u003ca href=\"http://www.lacooperativa.org/office-of-migrant-services-and-temporary-migrant-family-housing-centers/\">migrant family housing centers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/ebrahimibazaz\">documentary filmmaker\u003c/a>, I have been studying these housing centers and the rhythms of life for families who reside in them since I first arrived in a center in 2014 during fieldwork \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/203999075\">for an oral history project \u003c/a>with former \u003ca href=\"https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/mexican-labor-and-world-war-ii-the-bracero-program\">\u003cem>bracero\u003c/em> \u003c/a>farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tucked in the shadows of county jails and water treatment plants, these centers provide tile-floored apartments at subsidized rents to migratory farmworkers and their families during peak harvest season. The centers house as many as 1,890 farmworking families, mostly from Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given \u003ca href=\"https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/california-affordable-housing-crisis/\">California’s affordable housing shortage\u003c/a>, these housing centers are a coveted option for farmworking families. Outside the housing centers, migrant farmworkers might reside in less-favorable conditions – sleeping in cars, garages, old motels or under tarps in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the centers resolve the affordable housing problem, they create another: second-class citizenship. \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State-mandated annual move\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A 2016 survey of the housing centers noted that \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.theconversation.com/static_files/files/431/Families_Numbers_Housing_Centers.pdf?1546352412\">more than half\u003c/a> the families residing in centers across the state – 1,037 families to be exact – have school-aged children, many of whom, like Luis Miguel’s sister, are natural-born U.S. citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late fall or early winter when harvest season ends, families must vacate their apartments and move at least 50 miles away for three to six months. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.hcd.ca.gov/grants-funding/active-no-funding/docs/OMS_REGULATIONS_2018.pdf\">rationale behind this rule\u003c/a> is to ensure that the housing serves families who are truly migratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most families cannot afford unsubsidized housing in California and thus spend the off-season months in their Mexican hometowns. While in Mexico, the youth either miss school or attend inconsistently. “It all depends where the students live,” Migrant Education Program counselor Laura Aguayo says. “Some students don’t have a chance because they live too far away from a school. Others can’t go because the schools don’t take them in.” This is because they will only be enrolled for a couple of months before they return to the U.S., she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that each year, school-aged children living with their families in California’s migrant family housing centers, many of whom are U.S. citizens, miss between three to six months of schooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743302\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/file-20190425-121245-13e809i-800x598.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"598\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11743302\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A housing center or migrant farmworker families in Merced County, California. \u003ccite>(Housing Authoirty, County of Merced)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘Moving makes things complicated’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Migrant education counselors, administrators and teachers try to help migrant students make up whatever academic credits they’re missing. But “moving makes things complicated,” says Luis Miguel. “We lose a lot of time, and it’s hard to concentrate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The summer of his junior year, Luis Miguel got so discouraged by the routine of moves and having to make up credits that he lost motivation and began to veer off the path to graduation. To help students like Luis Miguel make up credits, California has developed an online program called \u003ca href=\"http://cyberhigh.org/\">Cyber High\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cyber High has its own issues. “There are a lot of internet problems,” Aguayo explains. “All the schools in California are using Cyber High so the system slows down. Students can be taking a test and it kicks them out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Impact of annual migration on student achievement\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The move also makes it hard for students to succeed in the kinds of extracurricular activities that can make students more attractive to colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in high school, Luis Miguel had joined cross-country to work with the coach, Rick Cuevas, who is himself Mexican-born and the child of a farmworker. Coach Cuevas understands the students better than almost anyone, calls them “mihija” or “mihijo,” Spanish terms for “my daughter” or “my son,” respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Running changed my life,” Luis Miguel says. “Before running, I never thought about my future. And now that I run, I take things more seriously.” But he ruminates on losing his conditioning. “I wanted to be the best, but moving makes it complicated because I can’t go to all the practices,” Luis Miguel adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n \u003ca href=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271108/original/file-20190425-121224-1s741nd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271108/original/file-20190425-121224-1s741nd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption>\n \u003cspan class=\"caption\">Luis Miguel takes a break during a cross-country practice.\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003cspan class=\"attribution\">\u003cspan class=\"source\">Aggie Ebrahimi Bazaz\u003c/span>, \u003ca class=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\">CC BY\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s not hard to see how missing a few months of school each year disadvantages students. The Modesto Bee \u003ca href=\"https://www.modbee.com/news/local/education/article216269545.html\">reports\u003c/a> 74% of migrant students “were not meeting English language standards and 80% were not up to par in math” in the 2016-17 academic year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent interviews across migrant family housing centers also speak to the impact of the moves. For instance, \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.theconversation.com/static_files/files/452/HA_Data_Tables_MFCE_FINAL_for_11-5-14.pdf?1548041981\">in a 2014 survey\u003c/a> of migrant farmworkers conducted at Buena Vista, Ochoa, Parlier and Williams migrant housing centers by the advocacy group Human Agenda, 91.4% of farmworkers answered “yes” to “Does the 50-mile rule affect your children’s education?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What gets farmworkers out of bed in the morning, six days a week at 5 a.m. to work in the fields for 10 hours a day is the dream that their children will have a better life,” Ann López of the Center for Farmworker Families says. “But the 50-mile regulation impedes that possibility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López is a leading member of \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanagenda.net/campaigns/apoyo-campesino\">Apoyo Campesino\u003c/a>, a collective within Human Agenda comprised of researchers, lawyers and organizers who have for years advocated to end the 50-mile regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This group’s efforts got the ear of the California legislature, and in June 2018, then-Gov. Jerry Brown signed a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB850&search_keywords=50-mile\">provision\u003c/a> in the state budget exempting up to 50% of the farmworking families living in each center from the 50-mile regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under this new provision, families must still vacate their apartments each year and search for short-term affordable housing. But “immediate family members of the migratory agricultural worker” are exempted from the 50-mile rule. This means that Luis Miguel and his family will continue to be required to move out of the housing center annually, but he and his sister can stay within their school districts with one parent, while the other parent must live at least 50 miles away for three months.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Crafting a sense of belonging\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In May 2018, driving Luis Miguel to graduation rehearsal, I asked him how he got out of that junior year funk. Without hesitation, he smiled and said, “Coach Cuevas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n \u003ca href=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271109/original/file-20190425-121216-v11206.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271109/original/file-20190425-121216-v11206.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption>\n \u003cspan class=\"caption\">Coach Rich Cuevas often drives students home to the migrant family housing centers after practice on days their parents work long hours in the fields.\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003cspan class=\"attribution\">\u003cspan class=\"source\">Aggie Ebrahimi Bazaz\u003c/span>, \u003ca class=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\">CC BY\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luis Miguel now studies at Modesto Community College, though he’s had to stop running so he can focus on his studies. He continues to live at one of the housing centers with his family during the harvest season. This year, thanks to the new regulations, he and his sister are spending the off-season in an RV in the backyard of an extended family member.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luis Miguel’s story demonstrates that despite their many challenges, some students living in these housing centers are graduating from high schools and even colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such successes can be made easier when housing authorities foster partnerships with local schools. The high school that Luis Miguel attended, East Union in Manteca Unified School District, for example, accommodates the migration schedules of students by offering an earlier final exam in December. According to the school, in the 2016-17 academic year, 100 percent of migrant students graduated. While such institutional supports have a positive impact, East Union President Raul Mora, who himself is Chicano, worries they might also send an unhealthy message to students that “they don’t quite fit the mold.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Mora, nurturing achievement among migrant students requires fostering a sense of belonging. Since starting as principal at East Union in 2015, Mora has placed at least one Spanish-speaking administrator in each of the school’s three main offices. “It’s about creating a belief system and a culture,” Mora says. “It’s making sure that when the students come back and see our registrar, that she welcomes them in their language.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these efforts at cultural sensitivity and holistic education, students in migratory conditions are still called “camp kids” or terms even more derogatory by their peers – potentially fueling the belief that they don’t belong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But inside a two-bedroom apartment at the migrant family housing center, Luis Miguel and two friends craft their own sense of belonging. Together, they formed a hip-hop trio, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmeEEam4bNB__l74VQTFwTg\">95231 Productions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n \u003ca href=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271104/original/file-20190425-121216-13j2wfq.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271104/original/file-20190425-121216-13j2wfq.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption>\n \u003cspan class=\"caption\">Luis Miguel and 95231 Productions record in a room in a migrant family housing center apartment.\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003cspan class=\"attribution\">\u003cspan class=\"source\">Aggie Ebrahimi Bazaz\u003c/span>, \u003ca class=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\">CC BY\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The group reflects on their experiences growing up as the children of farmworking parents, their struggles against racism, and their work to craft an identity that reflects their heritage. In a page in his lyrics notebook, the front cover adorned with a colorful \u003cem>calavera\u003c/em>, Luis Miguel writes: “Soy de piel moreno. Orgulloso Mexicano, y brown pride de corazon, y en el corazon llevo al inmigrante trabajador” – “I am Brown, proud Mexicano, brown pride of the heart, and in my heart I carry the immigrant laborer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. -->\u003cimg src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/100793/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"border: none !important;margin: 0 !important;max-height: 1px !important;max-width: 1px !important;min-height: 1px !important;min-width: 1px !important;padding: 0 !important\">\u003c!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: http://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/aggie-ebrahimi-bazaz-497596\">Aggie Ebrahimi Bazaz\u003c/a>, Assistant Professor of Film, Media, & Theatre, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/georgia-state-university-957\">Georgia State University\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This article is republished from \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com\">The Conversation\u003c/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/missing-school-is-a-given-for-children-of-migrant-farmworkers-100793\">original article\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the summer of his junior year, Luis Miguel was struggling to stay in high school. He and his family of four – who work various agricultural jobs from picking blueberries and cherries to pruning grapes and canning tomatoes – live in one of California’s 24 \u003ca href=\"http://www.lacooperativa.org/office-of-migrant-services-and-temporary-migrant-family-housing-centers/\">migrant family housing centers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/ebrahimibazaz\">documentary filmmaker\u003c/a>, I have been studying these housing centers and the rhythms of life for families who reside in them since I first arrived in a center in 2014 during fieldwork \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/203999075\">for an oral history project \u003c/a>with former \u003ca href=\"https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/mexican-labor-and-world-war-ii-the-bracero-program\">\u003cem>bracero\u003c/em> \u003c/a>farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tucked in the shadows of county jails and water treatment plants, these centers provide tile-floored apartments at subsidized rents to migratory farmworkers and their families during peak harvest season. The centers house as many as 1,890 farmworking families, mostly from Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given \u003ca href=\"https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/california-affordable-housing-crisis/\">California’s affordable housing shortage\u003c/a>, these housing centers are a coveted option for farmworking families. Outside the housing centers, migrant farmworkers might reside in less-favorable conditions – sleeping in cars, garages, old motels or under tarps in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the centers resolve the affordable housing problem, they create another: second-class citizenship. \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State-mandated annual move\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A 2016 survey of the housing centers noted that \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.theconversation.com/static_files/files/431/Families_Numbers_Housing_Centers.pdf?1546352412\">more than half\u003c/a> the families residing in centers across the state – 1,037 families to be exact – have school-aged children, many of whom, like Luis Miguel’s sister, are natural-born U.S. citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late fall or early winter when harvest season ends, families must vacate their apartments and move at least 50 miles away for three to six months. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.hcd.ca.gov/grants-funding/active-no-funding/docs/OMS_REGULATIONS_2018.pdf\">rationale behind this rule\u003c/a> is to ensure that the housing serves families who are truly migratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most families cannot afford unsubsidized housing in California and thus spend the off-season months in their Mexican hometowns. While in Mexico, the youth either miss school or attend inconsistently. “It all depends where the students live,” Migrant Education Program counselor Laura Aguayo says. “Some students don’t have a chance because they live too far away from a school. Others can’t go because the schools don’t take them in.” This is because they will only be enrolled for a couple of months before they return to the U.S., she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that each year, school-aged children living with their families in California’s migrant family housing centers, many of whom are U.S. citizens, miss between three to six months of schooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743302\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/file-20190425-121245-13e809i-800x598.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"598\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11743302\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A housing center or migrant farmworker families in Merced County, California. \u003ccite>(Housing Authoirty, County of Merced)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘Moving makes things complicated’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Migrant education counselors, administrators and teachers try to help migrant students make up whatever academic credits they’re missing. But “moving makes things complicated,” says Luis Miguel. “We lose a lot of time, and it’s hard to concentrate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The summer of his junior year, Luis Miguel got so discouraged by the routine of moves and having to make up credits that he lost motivation and began to veer off the path to graduation. To help students like Luis Miguel make up credits, California has developed an online program called \u003ca href=\"http://cyberhigh.org/\">Cyber High\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cyber High has its own issues. “There are a lot of internet problems,” Aguayo explains. “All the schools in California are using Cyber High so the system slows down. Students can be taking a test and it kicks them out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Impact of annual migration on student achievement\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The move also makes it hard for students to succeed in the kinds of extracurricular activities that can make students more attractive to colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in high school, Luis Miguel had joined cross-country to work with the coach, Rick Cuevas, who is himself Mexican-born and the child of a farmworker. Coach Cuevas understands the students better than almost anyone, calls them “mihija” or “mihijo,” Spanish terms for “my daughter” or “my son,” respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Running changed my life,” Luis Miguel says. “Before running, I never thought about my future. And now that I run, I take things more seriously.” But he ruminates on losing his conditioning. “I wanted to be the best, but moving makes it complicated because I can’t go to all the practices,” Luis Miguel adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n \u003ca href=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271108/original/file-20190425-121224-1s741nd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271108/original/file-20190425-121224-1s741nd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption>\n \u003cspan class=\"caption\">Luis Miguel takes a break during a cross-country practice.\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003cspan class=\"attribution\">\u003cspan class=\"source\">Aggie Ebrahimi Bazaz\u003c/span>, \u003ca class=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\">CC BY\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s not hard to see how missing a few months of school each year disadvantages students. The Modesto Bee \u003ca href=\"https://www.modbee.com/news/local/education/article216269545.html\">reports\u003c/a> 74% of migrant students “were not meeting English language standards and 80% were not up to par in math” in the 2016-17 academic year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent interviews across migrant family housing centers also speak to the impact of the moves. For instance, \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.theconversation.com/static_files/files/452/HA_Data_Tables_MFCE_FINAL_for_11-5-14.pdf?1548041981\">in a 2014 survey\u003c/a> of migrant farmworkers conducted at Buena Vista, Ochoa, Parlier and Williams migrant housing centers by the advocacy group Human Agenda, 91.4% of farmworkers answered “yes” to “Does the 50-mile rule affect your children’s education?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What gets farmworkers out of bed in the morning, six days a week at 5 a.m. to work in the fields for 10 hours a day is the dream that their children will have a better life,” Ann López of the Center for Farmworker Families says. “But the 50-mile regulation impedes that possibility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López is a leading member of \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanagenda.net/campaigns/apoyo-campesino\">Apoyo Campesino\u003c/a>, a collective within Human Agenda comprised of researchers, lawyers and organizers who have for years advocated to end the 50-mile regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This group’s efforts got the ear of the California legislature, and in June 2018, then-Gov. Jerry Brown signed a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB850&search_keywords=50-mile\">provision\u003c/a> in the state budget exempting up to 50% of the farmworking families living in each center from the 50-mile regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under this new provision, families must still vacate their apartments each year and search for short-term affordable housing. But “immediate family members of the migratory agricultural worker” are exempted from the 50-mile rule. This means that Luis Miguel and his family will continue to be required to move out of the housing center annually, but he and his sister can stay within their school districts with one parent, while the other parent must live at least 50 miles away for three months.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Crafting a sense of belonging\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In May 2018, driving Luis Miguel to graduation rehearsal, I asked him how he got out of that junior year funk. Without hesitation, he smiled and said, “Coach Cuevas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n \u003ca href=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271109/original/file-20190425-121216-v11206.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271109/original/file-20190425-121216-v11206.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption>\n \u003cspan class=\"caption\">Coach Rich Cuevas often drives students home to the migrant family housing centers after practice on days their parents work long hours in the fields.\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003cspan class=\"attribution\">\u003cspan class=\"source\">Aggie Ebrahimi Bazaz\u003c/span>, \u003ca class=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\">CC BY\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luis Miguel now studies at Modesto Community College, though he’s had to stop running so he can focus on his studies. He continues to live at one of the housing centers with his family during the harvest season. This year, thanks to the new regulations, he and his sister are spending the off-season in an RV in the backyard of an extended family member.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luis Miguel’s story demonstrates that despite their many challenges, some students living in these housing centers are graduating from high schools and even colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such successes can be made easier when housing authorities foster partnerships with local schools. The high school that Luis Miguel attended, East Union in Manteca Unified School District, for example, accommodates the migration schedules of students by offering an earlier final exam in December. According to the school, in the 2016-17 academic year, 100 percent of migrant students graduated. While such institutional supports have a positive impact, East Union President Raul Mora, who himself is Chicano, worries they might also send an unhealthy message to students that “they don’t quite fit the mold.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Mora, nurturing achievement among migrant students requires fostering a sense of belonging. Since starting as principal at East Union in 2015, Mora has placed at least one Spanish-speaking administrator in each of the school’s three main offices. “It’s about creating a belief system and a culture,” Mora says. “It’s making sure that when the students come back and see our registrar, that she welcomes them in their language.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these efforts at cultural sensitivity and holistic education, students in migratory conditions are still called “camp kids” or terms even more derogatory by their peers – potentially fueling the belief that they don’t belong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But inside a two-bedroom apartment at the migrant family housing center, Luis Miguel and two friends craft their own sense of belonging. Together, they formed a hip-hop trio, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmeEEam4bNB__l74VQTFwTg\">95231 Productions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n \u003ca href=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271104/original/file-20190425-121216-13j2wfq.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https://images.theconversation.com/files/271104/original/file-20190425-121216-13j2wfq.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption>\n \u003cspan class=\"caption\">Luis Miguel and 95231 Productions record in a room in a migrant family housing center apartment.\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003cspan class=\"attribution\">\u003cspan class=\"source\">Aggie Ebrahimi Bazaz\u003c/span>, \u003ca class=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\">CC BY\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The group reflects on their experiences growing up as the children of farmworking parents, their struggles against racism, and their work to craft an identity that reflects their heritage. In a page in his lyrics notebook, the front cover adorned with a colorful \u003cem>calavera\u003c/em>, Luis Miguel writes: “Soy de piel moreno. Orgulloso Mexicano, y brown pride de corazon, y en el corazon llevo al inmigrante trabajador” – “I am Brown, proud Mexicano, brown pride of the heart, and in my heart I carry the immigrant laborer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. -->\u003cimg src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/100793/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"border: none !important;margin: 0 !important;max-height: 1px !important;max-width: 1px !important;min-height: 1px !important;min-width: 1px !important;padding: 0 !important\">\u003c!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: http://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/aggie-ebrahimi-bazaz-497596\">Aggie Ebrahimi Bazaz\u003c/a>, Assistant Professor of Film, Media, & Theatre, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/georgia-state-university-957\">Georgia State University\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This article is republished from \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com\">The Conversation\u003c/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/missing-school-is-a-given-for-children-of-migrant-farmworkers-100793\">original article\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes a correction.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Caltrans plan to rebuild portions of the MacArthur Maze to accommodate larger trucks has hit a roadblock, for now, in the form of angry local officials and community groups who say the agency failed to tell them the project was coming and performed only a cursory study of its potentially far-reaching environmental effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrans announced earlier this week that it is “pausing” its planning for the project, a decision that came after hearing from Oakland and Emeryville officials and others who are questioning whether the project is even necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://johnbauters.wordpress.com/2019/04/22/major-transportation-updates/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">John Bauters\u003c/a>, an Emeryville city councilman who serves on the Alameda County Transportation Commission, said he first learned of the proposed Maze work in early March through a Caltrans mailing for a public meeting to explain the project — an announcement that arrived a week after the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauters said he called Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf and officials with several other agencies — none of whom, he said, knew about the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t find a single person at a single public agency affected by this in Alameda County or representing the region who was aware of Caltrans doing work on this project,” Bauters said in an interview Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf, a member of the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, said Wednesday she was “furious” when she learned what Caltrans was planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one had reached out to me, either as the mayor or as an MTC commissioner,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, Caltrans issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.dot.ca.gov/d4/macarthurmazeproject/docs/maze-signed-ded-final-updates.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an initial study and environmental assessment\u003c/a> of the project, which the agency says could cost as much as $191 million and take up to three years to complete after a projected start date in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency says the project aims to increase vertical clearance at several points of the web of overpasses, which handle about 250,000 vehicles a day at the point where Interstates 80, 580 and 880 meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial study includes a proposed “negative declaration,” meaning the assessment concluded that there was no substantial evidence the project would have a significant effect on the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bauters, Schaaf and others say that Caltrans’ preliminary study of the project, which could lead to partial closure of parts of the Maze and shunt traffic onto streets in Oakland and Emeryville, fails to analyze a wide range of predictable impacts on traffic, air quality, pedestrian and cyclist safety, and local businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf and Bauters both note that West Oakland, where Caltrans suggests many of the potentially detoured vehicles would be routed, already suffers disproportionate pollution impacts from highway, railroad and cargo ship traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This project would have had horrific impacts on the community,” Schaaf said. “That amount of traffic and particularly truck traffic on our local roads would have been extremely disrupting, dangerous and polluting to our residents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauters and Schaaf both said that in its presentations to date — including two “encore” community meetings it held in Emeryville and Oakland earlier this month — Caltrans has failed to lay out a case for why it needs to do the Maze project at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauters said the agency, which has suggested that high-load trucks are being diverted around the Maze to avoid the lower-than-standard overpasses there, presented no data on how many trucks might be involved or evidence that trucks have been striking the overpasses. The agency also conceded there are no structural concerns with the Maze that would require the proposed work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t have a structural deficiency issue,” Bauters said. “You don’t have a height clearance issue. So the only issue you could have is one of two things, in my opinion. Either you do have (traffic) that’s being diverted — but if you did, you’d have that data to justify your project. … So what remains? There’s a private agenda.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf said the need for the project remains “a mystery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We met with the Port of Oakland — they were not aware of the project and certainly had not requested it to support their operations,” she said. “I asked the California Trucking Association — they were not aware, it was not something they had asked for. It truly was a mystery where the request for this project came from. So certainly the pain-versus-gain analysis did not make any sense to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Margaret Gordon, co-founder and co-director of the West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project, said the Caltrans proposal runs counter to a new state law, AB 617, that has created a new plan for cleaning up an area of the city long burdened by excessive pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are putting a community, West Oakland, at harm when we are in the process under AB 617 to come up with an emission reduction plan,” Gordon said. “So Caltrans — what are you doing?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dave Campbell, advocacy director for Bike East Bay, said the Caltrans assessment of the projects has also failed to take account of how detouring Maze traffic onto local streets — including San Pablo and West Grand avenues and 27th and 40th streets, among others — will affect pedestrian and cyclist safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My concern is that if you’re putting more traffic onto these streets, you need to make them safer and better,” Campbell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said the agency doesn’t appear to have considered how people using Waze and other route-finding apps will behave when they’re confronted with future detours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keep in mind not everyone is going to honor those detours,” Campbell said. “They’re going to find the shortest route to where they’re going, and their phone or their car tells them exactly how to do it. So Caltrans needs to study what are people actually going to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrans did not respond specifically Wednesday to questions about gaps in communication with local officials and communities, about the lack of specific data to justify the project, or about whether it will undertake a new environmental assessment of the Maze project. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday, agency spokeswoman Lindsey Hart said the agency’s pause on the Maze planning was to allow time for more local input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We heard from the community and the stakeholders that, ‘Hey, we’d like some more time to really weigh in on this,’ ” Hart said. “And so we said, ‘No problem, we’ll go ahead and put a pause on the project for the time being.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf and others said that Caltrans officials, including the agency’s District 4 director, Tony Tavares, have been responsive to the issues they’re raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, yeah — I’ve got lots of conversations now,” said Gordon of the West Oakland environmental group. “I get lots of returned calls.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf said that as far as she’s concerned, Caltrans’ pause of the project means it’s on indefinite hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I assume it means is that this project is off the active table,” she said. “And if it ever comes back again, that Caltrans will do their due diligence, speak to the impacted communities and listen to us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> This story originally referred to John Bauters as Emeryville’s mayor. He is the town’s former mayor and now serves on the City Council. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes a correction.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Caltrans plan to rebuild portions of the MacArthur Maze to accommodate larger trucks has hit a roadblock, for now, in the form of angry local officials and community groups who say the agency failed to tell them the project was coming and performed only a cursory study of its potentially far-reaching environmental effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrans announced earlier this week that it is “pausing” its planning for the project, a decision that came after hearing from Oakland and Emeryville officials and others who are questioning whether the project is even necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://johnbauters.wordpress.com/2019/04/22/major-transportation-updates/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">John Bauters\u003c/a>, an Emeryville city councilman who serves on the Alameda County Transportation Commission, said he first learned of the proposed Maze work in early March through a Caltrans mailing for a public meeting to explain the project — an announcement that arrived a week after the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauters said he called Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf and officials with several other agencies — none of whom, he said, knew about the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t find a single person at a single public agency affected by this in Alameda County or representing the region who was aware of Caltrans doing work on this project,” Bauters said in an interview Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf, a member of the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, said Wednesday she was “furious” when she learned what Caltrans was planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one had reached out to me, either as the mayor or as an MTC commissioner,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, Caltrans issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.dot.ca.gov/d4/macarthurmazeproject/docs/maze-signed-ded-final-updates.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an initial study and environmental assessment\u003c/a> of the project, which the agency says could cost as much as $191 million and take up to three years to complete after a projected start date in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency says the project aims to increase vertical clearance at several points of the web of overpasses, which handle about 250,000 vehicles a day at the point where Interstates 80, 580 and 880 meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial study includes a proposed “negative declaration,” meaning the assessment concluded that there was no substantial evidence the project would have a significant effect on the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bauters, Schaaf and others say that Caltrans’ preliminary study of the project, which could lead to partial closure of parts of the Maze and shunt traffic onto streets in Oakland and Emeryville, fails to analyze a wide range of predictable impacts on traffic, air quality, pedestrian and cyclist safety, and local businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf and Bauters both note that West Oakland, where Caltrans suggests many of the potentially detoured vehicles would be routed, already suffers disproportionate pollution impacts from highway, railroad and cargo ship traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This project would have had horrific impacts on the community,” Schaaf said. “That amount of traffic and particularly truck traffic on our local roads would have been extremely disrupting, dangerous and polluting to our residents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauters and Schaaf both said that in its presentations to date — including two “encore” community meetings it held in Emeryville and Oakland earlier this month — Caltrans has failed to lay out a case for why it needs to do the Maze project at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauters said the agency, which has suggested that high-load trucks are being diverted around the Maze to avoid the lower-than-standard overpasses there, presented no data on how many trucks might be involved or evidence that trucks have been striking the overpasses. The agency also conceded there are no structural concerns with the Maze that would require the proposed work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t have a structural deficiency issue,” Bauters said. “You don’t have a height clearance issue. So the only issue you could have is one of two things, in my opinion. Either you do have (traffic) that’s being diverted — but if you did, you’d have that data to justify your project. … So what remains? There’s a private agenda.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf said the need for the project remains “a mystery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We met with the Port of Oakland — they were not aware of the project and certainly had not requested it to support their operations,” she said. “I asked the California Trucking Association — they were not aware, it was not something they had asked for. It truly was a mystery where the request for this project came from. So certainly the pain-versus-gain analysis did not make any sense to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Margaret Gordon, co-founder and co-director of the West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project, said the Caltrans proposal runs counter to a new state law, AB 617, that has created a new plan for cleaning up an area of the city long burdened by excessive pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are putting a community, West Oakland, at harm when we are in the process under AB 617 to come up with an emission reduction plan,” Gordon said. “So Caltrans — what are you doing?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dave Campbell, advocacy director for Bike East Bay, said the Caltrans assessment of the projects has also failed to take account of how detouring Maze traffic onto local streets — including San Pablo and West Grand avenues and 27th and 40th streets, among others — will affect pedestrian and cyclist safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My concern is that if you’re putting more traffic onto these streets, you need to make them safer and better,” Campbell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said the agency doesn’t appear to have considered how people using Waze and other route-finding apps will behave when they’re confronted with future detours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keep in mind not everyone is going to honor those detours,” Campbell said. “They’re going to find the shortest route to where they’re going, and their phone or their car tells them exactly how to do it. So Caltrans needs to study what are people actually going to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrans did not respond specifically Wednesday to questions about gaps in communication with local officials and communities, about the lack of specific data to justify the project, or about whether it will undertake a new environmental assessment of the Maze project. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday, agency spokeswoman Lindsey Hart said the agency’s pause on the Maze planning was to allow time for more local input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We heard from the community and the stakeholders that, ‘Hey, we’d like some more time to really weigh in on this,’ ” Hart said. “And so we said, ‘No problem, we’ll go ahead and put a pause on the project for the time being.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf and others said that Caltrans officials, including the agency’s District 4 director, Tony Tavares, have been responsive to the issues they’re raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, yeah — I’ve got lots of conversations now,” said Gordon of the West Oakland environmental group. “I get lots of returned calls.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf said that as far as she’s concerned, Caltrans’ pause of the project means it’s on indefinite hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I assume it means is that this project is off the active table,” she said. “And if it ever comes back again, that Caltrans will do their due diligence, speak to the impacted communities and listen to us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> This story originally referred to John Bauters as Emeryville’s mayor. He is the town’s former mayor and now serves on the City Council. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When the morning announcements pipe through the walls of Santa Clara High School, students pause, look up for a minute, and listen to what the day has in store for them. But to 16-year-old sophomore Olive Howden, the morning announcements are a daily nuisance. That’s because she’s deaf and uses cochlear implants to help her hear. Olive tells us what it’s like to navigate a full day of high school while struggling to be part of the conversation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m heading to my first class of the day, journalism. There’s so much happening as I’m walking through the hallways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simply talking to more than one person at a time is a struggle for me. If you asked me what word I use most often, I would say, “What?” As in, “Can you repeat that?” Because I am constantly missing half of every conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740714\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11740714 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It’s difficult for Howden to hear in crowded, noisy spaces. She prefers to spend time in the quiet, where she can hear the people around her more clearly. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I was born deaf, but I can still hear. Just not the same way as the other 2,000 kids at my high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I was 18 months old, surgeons implanted tiny computers in my cochlea, my inner ears. The cochlear implants work with processors to do my hearing for me. Basically, I have bionic ears. But apparently the things I hear sound “tinny,” like listening to something on the other end of a metal tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At lunch, it’s hard to find a quiet place to eat. My friends and I usually sit outside, in the quad. It’s still noisy out there, but it’s better than the cafeteria. My peers speak at what seems like the speed of light. Somehow, they pick up on things I didn’t even realize the person next to me was saying. But my friends are amazing people. They seem to know exactly when to repeat what I didn’t hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740722\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11740722\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Howden, a sophomore, takes AP European History at Santa Clara High School. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After lunch, I have AP European History. Some of my teachers—especially the quiet, mumbly ones—wear a microphone I carry around with me. No matter which way they’re facing I can still hear them, because the microphone streams directly to my processors. I couldn’t ignore them if I tried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I can’t have everyone around me use a microphone. Last year I went to see the school play, and about five minutes in, I realized that I wasn’t going to understand a thing. The actors didn’t have microphones. So this year I looked up the script online and read the entire thing beforehand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freshman year I decided to try something I’ve always wanted to do. I joined my school’s swim team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue was that my processors aren’t waterproof. So I made sure to tell the coach, “Hey, I’m deaf,” and she said, “No problem.” But there was one small hiccup: I missed one of my very first races. The pool deck was loud and it was cold and rainy, and I didn’t have my processors on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wasn’t a super tragic moment for me, since I wasn’t that invested in the race. But it did remind me that I need to make one thing clear: Cochlear implants are not the same as real hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740718\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11740718 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Howden no longer swims on Santa Clara High School’s swim team. Now, she’s an avid runner on her school’s track team. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After a busy day at school, and what feels like an endless amount of “Whats?” and “I can’t hear yous,” I come home and I turn my processors off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the silence, sound seems imaginary — it’s not real. The absence of sound leaves a void. It’s so quiet, I can hear it screaming. Without my processors, I can’t hear myself breathing or the keyboard clicking as I type. When I speak, I can feel the vibrations in my throat, but I can’t hear my voice. It’s gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deafness is part of what defines me. I am compensating for my lack of hearing in every interaction of every day. When I’m too tired to focus and feel like I’m missing everything, I want to cry. But, as lonely as it seems, most of the time I forget I’m deaf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the day I’m surrounded by noise. At home, I can let the silence drown out the sound. Because silence is a comfort. It’s the other half of my world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Asal Ehsanipour produced this story. For more stories about high school student journalists, tune into our Youth Takeover show on May 3. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When the morning announcements pipe through the walls of Santa Clara High School, students pause, look up for a minute, and listen to what the day has in store for them. But to 16-year-old sophomore Olive Howden, the morning announcements are a daily nuisance. That’s because she’s deaf and uses cochlear implants to help her hear. Olive tells us what it’s like to navigate a full day of high school while struggling to be part of the conversation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m heading to my first class of the day, journalism. There’s so much happening as I’m walking through the hallways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simply talking to more than one person at a time is a struggle for me. If you asked me what word I use most often, I would say, “What?” As in, “Can you repeat that?” Because I am constantly missing half of every conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740714\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11740714 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36209__M6A0351-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It’s difficult for Howden to hear in crowded, noisy spaces. She prefers to spend time in the quiet, where she can hear the people around her more clearly. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I was born deaf, but I can still hear. Just not the same way as the other 2,000 kids at my high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I was 18 months old, surgeons implanted tiny computers in my cochlea, my inner ears. The cochlear implants work with processors to do my hearing for me. Basically, I have bionic ears. But apparently the things I hear sound “tinny,” like listening to something on the other end of a metal tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At lunch, it’s hard to find a quiet place to eat. My friends and I usually sit outside, in the quad. It’s still noisy out there, but it’s better than the cafeteria. My peers speak at what seems like the speed of light. Somehow, they pick up on things I didn’t even realize the person next to me was saying. But my friends are amazing people. They seem to know exactly when to repeat what I didn’t hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740722\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11740722\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36218__M6A0557-3-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Howden, a sophomore, takes AP European History at Santa Clara High School. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After lunch, I have AP European History. Some of my teachers—especially the quiet, mumbly ones—wear a microphone I carry around with me. No matter which way they’re facing I can still hear them, because the microphone streams directly to my processors. I couldn’t ignore them if I tried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I can’t have everyone around me use a microphone. Last year I went to see the school play, and about five minutes in, I realized that I wasn’t going to understand a thing. The actors didn’t have microphones. So this year I looked up the script online and read the entire thing beforehand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freshman year I decided to try something I’ve always wanted to do. I joined my school’s swim team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue was that my processors aren’t waterproof. So I made sure to tell the coach, “Hey, I’m deaf,” and she said, “No problem.” But there was one small hiccup: I missed one of my very first races. The pool deck was loud and it was cold and rainy, and I didn’t have my processors on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wasn’t a super tragic moment for me, since I wasn’t that invested in the race. But it did remind me that I need to make one thing clear: Cochlear implants are not the same as real hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740718\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11740718 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36214__M6A0689-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Howden no longer swims on Santa Clara High School’s swim team. Now, she’s an avid runner on her school’s track team. \u003ccite>(Sruti Mamidanna/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After a busy day at school, and what feels like an endless amount of “Whats?” and “I can’t hear yous,” I come home and I turn my processors off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the silence, sound seems imaginary — it’s not real. The absence of sound leaves a void. It’s so quiet, I can hear it screaming. Without my processors, I can’t hear myself breathing or the keyboard clicking as I type. When I speak, I can feel the vibrations in my throat, but I can’t hear my voice. It’s gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deafness is part of what defines me. I am compensating for my lack of hearing in every interaction of every day. When I’m too tired to focus and feel like I’m missing everything, I want to cry. But, as lonely as it seems, most of the time I forget I’m deaf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the day I’m surrounded by noise. At home, I can let the silence drown out the sound. Because silence is a comfort. It’s the other half of my world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Asal Ehsanipour produced this story. For more stories about high school student journalists, tune into our Youth Takeover show on May 3. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "San Rafael's Dixie School District Votes to Change Name Tied to Confederacy",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Dixie School District board voted Tuesday night to change the name of the 150-year-old district after critics linked it to the Confederacy and slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11725887' label='More Coverage From KQED']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trustees voted 3-1, with one abstention, to change both the name of the Marin County district and the name of its elementary school by Aug. 22, when classes resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the board didn’t choose a new name. A committee made up of parents, other community members and district staff will be set up to solicit and evaluate suggestions from the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a bigger issue than this little district,” said Kerry Peirson of Mill Valley, who first proposed the name should be changed 22 years ago. “Now perhaps they can move forward and it will be better for the kids and the whole environment. I wish it was done with more enthusiasm but I’m glad it’s done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board rejected some 15 names \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725887/san-rafaels-dixie-school-district-rejects-changing-name-tied-to-confederacy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in February\u003c/a> when it voted against a name change on grounds that more community input was needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of the name change, such as replacing signs, was estimated at nearly $40,000, but the Marin Community Foundation pledged to cover it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Board trustee Marnie Glickman, who fought for the change, said it’s an opportunity to come together for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can teach them about being compassionate and making amends and there’s a tremendous amount of excitement about what’s the best new name for our district,” Glickman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Home and school clubs, similar to PTA’s, will hold brainstorming events and there will be on online outreach effort for new name submissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advisory committee of four parents, four non-parents, two staff and one alumnus will select the best three to five names from those proposed and submit them for board vote before school starts this fall, according to Glickman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dixie is a nickname for the southern U.S. states that formed the pro-slavery Confederacy in 1860, sparking the Civil War. The legacy of the Confederacy prompts political, legal and cultural conflicts to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who support changing the name say the district was named Dixie by James Miller, the school founder, on a dare by Confederate sympathizers. Those who oppose the change say the school system was named for Mary Dixie, a Miwok Indian woman that Miller knew in the 1840s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name-change issue has generated heated debate in San Rafael, an overwhelmingly white city of 59,000 people, with some insisting the Dixie name is racially insensitive while others complain the proposed change is political correctness run amok.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both sides spoke out during Tuesday night’s meeting, held at district headquarters where there was standing room only.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know Dixie is a racist name, so change it,” said Bali Simon, a fifth-grader at Dixie Elementary School. “I’m hoping I can go back to school next fall proud of our new district name.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An opponent of the name change, Mette Nygard, said the “ugly insinuations” tarnished Miller’s reputation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The community is so far removed from the confederacy that it’s a ridiculous assertion,” Nygard said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, she was interrupted by demonstrators chanting “Dixie must go!” Critics of the current name also brought signs into the room that said “say no to racism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the proposed names that were previously rejected by the board included “Marie Dixie Elementary School District” and “Skywalker Elementary School District.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Julia McEvoy contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trustees voted 3-1, with one abstention, to change both the name of the Marin County district and the name of its elementary school by Aug. 22, when classes resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the board didn’t choose a new name. A committee made up of parents, other community members and district staff will be set up to solicit and evaluate suggestions from the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a bigger issue than this little district,” said Kerry Peirson of Mill Valley, who first proposed the name should be changed 22 years ago. “Now perhaps they can move forward and it will be better for the kids and the whole environment. I wish it was done with more enthusiasm but I’m glad it’s done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board rejected some 15 names \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725887/san-rafaels-dixie-school-district-rejects-changing-name-tied-to-confederacy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in February\u003c/a> when it voted against a name change on grounds that more community input was needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of the name change, such as replacing signs, was estimated at nearly $40,000, but the Marin Community Foundation pledged to cover it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Board trustee Marnie Glickman, who fought for the change, said it’s an opportunity to come together for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can teach them about being compassionate and making amends and there’s a tremendous amount of excitement about what’s the best new name for our district,” Glickman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Home and school clubs, similar to PTA’s, will hold brainstorming events and there will be on online outreach effort for new name submissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advisory committee of four parents, four non-parents, two staff and one alumnus will select the best three to five names from those proposed and submit them for board vote before school starts this fall, according to Glickman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dixie is a nickname for the southern U.S. states that formed the pro-slavery Confederacy in 1860, sparking the Civil War. The legacy of the Confederacy prompts political, legal and cultural conflicts to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"source": "NPR"
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
},
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},
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
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},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
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"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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