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"content": "\u003cp>A portion of border wall being built along California's border with Mexico toppled in strong winds, falling on a busy street on the Mexican side, authorities said Thursday. No one was injured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concrete had not yet dried on several panels of steel poles topped with metal plates, which fell Wednesday about 2.5 miles east of a border crossing that connects the downtown areas of Calexico, California, and Mexicali, Mexico, Border Patrol spokesman Carlos Pitones said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZvT6WiTy08E\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 30-foot-high barriers are being installed across the border as the Trump administration speeds up construction to erect about 450 miles of wall by the end of next year. The border wall has been a signature priority for President Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"border-wall\" label=\"related coverage\"]Trees prevented some panels from falling on the Mexicali street, which runs parallel to the wall. Other panels hit the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexicali journalist Heriberto Reyes said he saw six toppled panels. The Border Patrol declined to say exactly how many fell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reyes said vehicles may have been crushed if they were in the path at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They averted a tragedy, in my opinion,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Border Patrol is discussing the incident with the contractor, Pitones said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contractor, SLSCO Ltd., referred questions to the Border Patrol. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company, based in Galveston, Texas, was awarded the 11-mile project in December 2018 as part of a $156 million contract to replace existing barriers in California, using Department of Homeland Security funds from the 2018 fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"disqusTitle": "Impeachment Trial Q&A Enters Last Day Before Moving to Vote on Witnesses",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 10:56 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senators weighing impeachment charges against President Trump spent Thursday firing questions at lawyers as they did the day before, just as the prospect of former national security adviser John Bolton's appearance as a witness continues to stoke speculation. The Senate will enter its next phase Friday — considering whether to allow witnesses and evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president faces two articles of impeachment: abuse of power and obstruction of Congress related to accusations that he held up military aid to Ukraine until the country announced investigations into potential political rival former Vice President Joe Biden and his son Hunter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Thursday, Sen. Susan Collins said she would vote in support of allowing witnesses:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SenatorCollins/status/1223091529872564225?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats need four Republicans to support their push for witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday night at a rally in Des Moines, Iowa, days ahead of the caucuses Monday, President Trump took jabs at House Managers prosecuting him over alleged abuse of office and obstruction of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Congressional Democrats are consumed with partisan rage and obsessed with a deranged witch hunt hoax,\" said Trump to a booing crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're having probably the best years we've ever had in the history of our country, and I just got impeached. Can you believe these people? I got impeached. They impeached Trump,\" Trump said. \"That's not gonna work. Watch. Just watch,\" Trump said. \"They want to nullify your ballots, poison our democracy and overthrow the entire system of government. That's not happening.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Roberts Refuses Early Question\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>U.S. Chief Justice John Roberts, presiding over the trial, refused to read a question from Sen. Rand Paul, R-Ky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The presiding officer declines to read the question as submitted,\" Roberts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is believed that Paul's question would have identified the whistleblower whose complaint sparked the House's impeachment investigation of Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person's identity is protected by law, and neither Roberts nor Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., want it to be in the official trial record. McConnell had urged senators to be respectful of Roberts, who is supervising the trial as specified in the Constitution while also attempting to keep above the partisan aspects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799022\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11799022\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20030072534176_custom-0e7bb3e33b8f4d60f55a42a8b14525ead67bf69c-e1580402190880.jpg\" alt=\"In this image from video, House impeachment manager Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., speaks during the impeachment trial in the Senate. Schiff's stance is that "you can't have a fair trial without witnesses."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1081\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In this image from video, House impeachment manager Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., speaks during the impeachment trial in the Senate. Schiff's stance is that \"you can't have a fair trial without witnesses.\" \u003ccite>(Senate Television via AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>'Madness'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>House impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., took issue with the wide view of presidential powers put forth by Trump attorney Alan Dershowitz on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a question about whether a quid pro quo in the foreign policy arena was ever appropriate, Dershowitz said, \"Every public official that I know believes that his election is in the public interest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Eric Herschmann, Trump's attorney\"]'Maybe we could even get more done. Let's try something different now. Join us. Join us. One nation, one nation, one people.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, \"If a president does something which he believes will help him get elected in the public interest, that cannot be the kind of quid pro quo that results in impeachment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After wide condemnation by Democrats and on social media, Dershowitz said his comments were misinterpreted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Schiff declared, \"That way madness lies, if we are to accept the president essentially can do whatever he wants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>'Join Us'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The answer to one question posed by Republican senators must have brought joy to the president's ears. Asked whether the president has the best interests of Americans and their families in mind, Trump attorney Eric Herschmann recited a litany of positive economic statistics in what may have sounded like a Trump reelection ad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are more than 7 million jobs created since the election. Illegal border crossings are down 78% since May, and 100 miles of the wall have been built. The unemployment rate is the lowest in 50 years,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turning to the House managers, he concluded, \"Maybe we could even get more done. Let's try something different now. Join us. Join us. One nation, one nation, one people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqTn2cc91Sc\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Sen. Warren Considers Chief Justice's Position\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., had a sharply worded question for the House managers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At a time when large majorities of Americans have lost faith in government, does the fact that the chief justice is presiding over an impeachment trial in which Republican senators have thus far refused to allow witnesses or evidence contribute to the loss of legitimacy of the chief justice, the Supreme Court and the Constitution?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff answered by first saying, \"The chief justice has presided admirably.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that the country \"does deserve a fair trial,\" which, for Democrats, means calling witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they don't get that fair trial, it will just further a cynicism that is corrosive to this institution and to our democracy,\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Acquittal at Hand?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Senate is expected to finish the 16 hours of written questions on Thursday night. On Friday, the Senate is expected to convene at 1 p.m. ET and have up to four hours of debate — equally divided between the managers and president's counsels — on whether to consider more evidence or witness testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is possible that at the end of that debate (or any time during or thereafter), the Senate will go in to closed session for private deliberation on the witness question. Only in closed deliberation can they speak to one another on the floor. There is no time limit for closed deliberations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the motion to consider more evidence is approved — a 51-vote majority is required — then senators can offer motions on which witnesses and documents they want to subpoena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 50-50 tie fails. Technically, the presiding officer, Roberts, could move to break a tie, but he is not expected to insert himself into a political process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the motion fails, there are still any number of procedural motions Democrats could offer, and there is potential for another long series of votes. For example, Democrats could offer motions requesting more time to debate, but these would likely be delaying tactics or protest votes that will not affect the outcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the lawmakers are done debating all motions, the Senate will then vote on each article of impeachment. Those votes could occur as early as Friday evening. Republicans would like Trump to be acquitted by then, but Democrats are working to recruit enough members to support bringing in witnesses to testify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That effort is flagging, senators say.\u003cbr>\n[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"House Speaker Nancy Pelosi\"]'You cannot be acquitted if you don't have a trial. You don't have a trial if you don't have witnesses and documentation.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The momentum is clearly in the direction of moving to final judgment on Friday,\" said Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo. \"We still have a couple members who said they want to listen to answers to questions, but that's where the momentum is in the caucus right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., tried to walk a tightrope when he gave his assessment on the possibility of bringing in witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Probably no,\" Schumer told reporters on Wednesday. \"But is it a decent, good chance? Yes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats need to persuade at least four Republicans to cross party lines in order to lock in enough votes to subpoena witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the most-discussed potential witness is Bolton, who has drawn attention because of a report in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> that he wrote in a forthcoming book that the president had directly linked the aid for Ukraine to an investigation of the Bidens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking before Thursday's session, Schiff said the Trump administration has \"gone to extraordinary lengths to put a muzzle on John Bolton to avoid calling him as a witness, to avoid letting the American people hear what he has to say.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another House manager, Rep. Jerry Nadler of New York, left the door open to the possibility that the House may subpoena Bolton if the Senate doesn't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will see,\" Nadler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Republicans' Witnesses\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>If the door does open to witnesses, Republicans have indicated they would like to call people such as Hunter Biden, who had served on a Ukrainian energy company board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans might also call the whistleblower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked what kind of delay witnesses would add to the trial, Trump defense lawyer Jay Sekulow said \"months.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This would be the first of many weeks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Schiff bristled at this argument, saying Trump's defense team is exaggerating the delay to discourage senators from supporting calling witnesses, including Bolton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can subpoena John Bolton,\" Schiff said. \"Don't be thrown off by this claim, 'Oh, if you even think about it, we are going to make you pay with delays like you've never seen. We're going to call witnesses that will turn this into a circus.' It shouldn't be a circus. It should be a fair trial. You can't have a fair trial without witnesses.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Republicans have been discussing a possible deal involving a witness-for-witness swap, in which Bolton might be exchange for Biden. Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., said that if Republicans are able to call just one witness, it will be Biden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because he's incredibly relevant to whether or not President Trump had a reason to believe that corruption was afoot in the Ukraine,\" Graham told reporters on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The speaker: This Will Leave a Mark\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>At her weekly news conference on Thursday, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said nothing can remove the asterisk Trump will now carry after having been impeached by the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump \"will not be acquitted,\" she said. \"You cannot be acquitted if you don't have a trial. You don't have a trial if you don't have witnesses and documentation. I would hope that the senators, if it comes to a tie or if there's a question of hearing testimony or receiving documents, they would leave it up to the chief justice.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi also said she was \"very proud of our managers,\" saying they have been \"magnificent custodians of the Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Brakkton Booker and Lexie Schapitl contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit NPR.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Impeachment+Trial+Q%26A+Enters+Last+Day+Before+Moving+To+Vote+On+Witnesses&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 10:56 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senators weighing impeachment charges against President Trump spent Thursday firing questions at lawyers as they did the day before, just as the prospect of former national security adviser John Bolton's appearance as a witness continues to stoke speculation. The Senate will enter its next phase Friday — considering whether to allow witnesses and evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president faces two articles of impeachment: abuse of power and obstruction of Congress related to accusations that he held up military aid to Ukraine until the country announced investigations into potential political rival former Vice President Joe Biden and his son Hunter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Thursday, Sen. Susan Collins said she would vote in support of allowing witnesses:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Democrats need four Republicans to support their push for witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday night at a rally in Des Moines, Iowa, days ahead of the caucuses Monday, President Trump took jabs at House Managers prosecuting him over alleged abuse of office and obstruction of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Congressional Democrats are consumed with partisan rage and obsessed with a deranged witch hunt hoax,\" said Trump to a booing crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're having probably the best years we've ever had in the history of our country, and I just got impeached. Can you believe these people? I got impeached. They impeached Trump,\" Trump said. \"That's not gonna work. Watch. Just watch,\" Trump said. \"They want to nullify your ballots, poison our democracy and overthrow the entire system of government. That's not happening.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Roberts Refuses Early Question\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>U.S. Chief Justice John Roberts, presiding over the trial, refused to read a question from Sen. Rand Paul, R-Ky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The presiding officer declines to read the question as submitted,\" Roberts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is believed that Paul's question would have identified the whistleblower whose complaint sparked the House's impeachment investigation of Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person's identity is protected by law, and neither Roberts nor Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., want it to be in the official trial record. McConnell had urged senators to be respectful of Roberts, who is supervising the trial as specified in the Constitution while also attempting to keep above the partisan aspects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799022\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11799022\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20030072534176_custom-0e7bb3e33b8f4d60f55a42a8b14525ead67bf69c-e1580402190880.jpg\" alt=\"In this image from video, House impeachment manager Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., speaks during the impeachment trial in the Senate. Schiff's stance is that "you can't have a fair trial without witnesses."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1081\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In this image from video, House impeachment manager Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., speaks during the impeachment trial in the Senate. Schiff's stance is that \"you can't have a fair trial without witnesses.\" \u003ccite>(Senate Television via AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>'Madness'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>House impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., took issue with the wide view of presidential powers put forth by Trump attorney Alan Dershowitz on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a question about whether a quid pro quo in the foreign policy arena was ever appropriate, Dershowitz said, \"Every public official that I know believes that his election is in the public interest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'Maybe we could even get more done. Let's try something different now. Join us. Join us. One nation, one nation, one people.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, \"If a president does something which he believes will help him get elected in the public interest, that cannot be the kind of quid pro quo that results in impeachment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After wide condemnation by Democrats and on social media, Dershowitz said his comments were misinterpreted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Schiff declared, \"That way madness lies, if we are to accept the president essentially can do whatever he wants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>'Join Us'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The answer to one question posed by Republican senators must have brought joy to the president's ears. Asked whether the president has the best interests of Americans and their families in mind, Trump attorney Eric Herschmann recited a litany of positive economic statistics in what may have sounded like a Trump reelection ad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are more than 7 million jobs created since the election. Illegal border crossings are down 78% since May, and 100 miles of the wall have been built. The unemployment rate is the lowest in 50 years,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turning to the House managers, he concluded, \"Maybe we could even get more done. Let's try something different now. Join us. Join us. One nation, one nation, one people.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/xqTn2cc91Sc'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/xqTn2cc91Sc'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Sen. Warren Considers Chief Justice's Position\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., had a sharply worded question for the House managers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At a time when large majorities of Americans have lost faith in government, does the fact that the chief justice is presiding over an impeachment trial in which Republican senators have thus far refused to allow witnesses or evidence contribute to the loss of legitimacy of the chief justice, the Supreme Court and the Constitution?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff answered by first saying, \"The chief justice has presided admirably.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that the country \"does deserve a fair trial,\" which, for Democrats, means calling witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they don't get that fair trial, it will just further a cynicism that is corrosive to this institution and to our democracy,\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Acquittal at Hand?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Senate is expected to finish the 16 hours of written questions on Thursday night. On Friday, the Senate is expected to convene at 1 p.m. ET and have up to four hours of debate — equally divided between the managers and president's counsels — on whether to consider more evidence or witness testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is possible that at the end of that debate (or any time during or thereafter), the Senate will go in to closed session for private deliberation on the witness question. Only in closed deliberation can they speak to one another on the floor. There is no time limit for closed deliberations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the motion to consider more evidence is approved — a 51-vote majority is required — then senators can offer motions on which witnesses and documents they want to subpoena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 50-50 tie fails. Technically, the presiding officer, Roberts, could move to break a tie, but he is not expected to insert himself into a political process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the motion fails, there are still any number of procedural motions Democrats could offer, and there is potential for another long series of votes. For example, Democrats could offer motions requesting more time to debate, but these would likely be delaying tactics or protest votes that will not affect the outcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the lawmakers are done debating all motions, the Senate will then vote on each article of impeachment. Those votes could occur as early as Friday evening. Republicans would like Trump to be acquitted by then, but Democrats are working to recruit enough members to support bringing in witnesses to testify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That effort is flagging, senators say.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The momentum is clearly in the direction of moving to final judgment on Friday,\" said Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo. \"We still have a couple members who said they want to listen to answers to questions, but that's where the momentum is in the caucus right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., tried to walk a tightrope when he gave his assessment on the possibility of bringing in witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Probably no,\" Schumer told reporters on Wednesday. \"But is it a decent, good chance? Yes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats need to persuade at least four Republicans to cross party lines in order to lock in enough votes to subpoena witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the most-discussed potential witness is Bolton, who has drawn attention because of a report in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> that he wrote in a forthcoming book that the president had directly linked the aid for Ukraine to an investigation of the Bidens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking before Thursday's session, Schiff said the Trump administration has \"gone to extraordinary lengths to put a muzzle on John Bolton to avoid calling him as a witness, to avoid letting the American people hear what he has to say.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another House manager, Rep. Jerry Nadler of New York, left the door open to the possibility that the House may subpoena Bolton if the Senate doesn't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will see,\" Nadler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Republicans' Witnesses\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>If the door does open to witnesses, Republicans have indicated they would like to call people such as Hunter Biden, who had served on a Ukrainian energy company board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans might also call the whistleblower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked what kind of delay witnesses would add to the trial, Trump defense lawyer Jay Sekulow said \"months.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This would be the first of many weeks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Schiff bristled at this argument, saying Trump's defense team is exaggerating the delay to discourage senators from supporting calling witnesses, including Bolton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can subpoena John Bolton,\" Schiff said. \"Don't be thrown off by this claim, 'Oh, if you even think about it, we are going to make you pay with delays like you've never seen. We're going to call witnesses that will turn this into a circus.' It shouldn't be a circus. It should be a fair trial. You can't have a fair trial without witnesses.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Republicans have been discussing a possible deal involving a witness-for-witness swap, in which Bolton might be exchange for Biden. Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., said that if Republicans are able to call just one witness, it will be Biden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because he's incredibly relevant to whether or not President Trump had a reason to believe that corruption was afoot in the Ukraine,\" Graham told reporters on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The speaker: This Will Leave a Mark\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>At her weekly news conference on Thursday, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said nothing can remove the asterisk Trump will now carry after having been impeached by the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump \"will not be acquitted,\" she said. \"You cannot be acquitted if you don't have a trial. You don't have a trial if you don't have witnesses and documentation. I would hope that the senators, if it comes to a tie or if there's a question of hearing testimony or receiving documents, they would leave it up to the chief justice.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi also said she was \"very proud of our managers,\" saying they have been \"magnificent custodians of the Constitution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Brakkton Booker and Lexie Schapitl contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit NPR.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Impeachment+Trial+Q%26A+Enters+Last+Day+Before+Moving+To+Vote+On+Witnesses&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "zero-tolerance-an-ongoing-history-of-family-separations-at-the-u-s-mexico-border",
"title": "Zero Tolerance: An Ongoing History of Family Separations at the US-Mexico Border",
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"headTitle": "Zero Tolerance: An Ongoing History of Family Separations at the US-Mexico Border | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Immigration enforcement has been one of President Trump’s central issues. Immediately after taking office three years ago, his administration announced a series of policies designed to limit both legal and illegal immigration, and restrict access to asylum in the United States. Among the most controversial is the practice of migrant family separation, in which border agents have forcibly taken thousands of children away from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border, ostensibly to facilitate the prosecution of adults for crossing the border without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"2018 statement from U.N. human rights experts\"]‘We are deeply concerned at the long-term impact and trauma, including irreparable harm that these forcible separations will have on the children.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice was widely condemned by human rights activists and community leaders in the U.S. and abroad. “Detention of children is punitive, severely hampers their development, and in some cases may amount to torture,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=23245&LangID=E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">United Nations human rights experts\u003c/a> said in a 2018 statement. “We are deeply concerned at the long-term impact and trauma, including irreparable harm that these forcible separations will have on the children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2018, a federal judge in San Diego ordered a stop to the practice and mandated that the government reunite the separated families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, under the judge’s orders, federal officials have been working to identify all of the separated parents and children. And the advocates who sued to halt the family separations have used that information to locate parents, many of whom were deported to Central America, and to make arrangements to reconnect them with their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family separation story is now seldom in the headlines, but many children still have not been reunited with their parents, and new families continue to be separated at the border, albeit in smaller numbers. A recent inspector general’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2019-11/OIG-20-06-Nov19.pdf\">report\u003c/a> from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the agency responsible for unaccompanied migrant children, suggests that it may be impossible to ever know the complete number of families who have been affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the president enters his fourth year in office, KQED looks back at some key moments in the saga of this contentious government initiative and the many legal challenges to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>April 11, 2017: The First Enforcement Memo\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798889\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798889\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A U.S. Border Patrol agent speaks with Central American migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border fence on Feb. 1, 2019, in El Paso, Texas. The migrants were taken into custody, seeking political asylum in the United States. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Trump took office in 2017, the rate of illegal immigration into the U.S. was at one of its lowest points in the past three decades. However, the number of families with children arriving at the U.S. —Mexico border in search of asylum was rapidly increasing — particularly Central Americans fleeing violent conditions back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to halt the flow of those families, then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions in April 2017 issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/956841/download\">memorandum\u003c/a> asking federal prosecutors to prioritize the prosecution of certain immigration offenses, including “improper entry by an alien” to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/reports/GAO-19-163/#TOC_Letter_Findings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal report\u003c/a> later identified that memo, along with a separate enforcement initiative, as the directive that led the U.S. Department of Homeland Security to separate an increasing number of children from their parents along the El Paso, Texas, section of the border starting in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some government officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/immigration-border-crisis/trump-admin-ran-pilot-program-separating-migrant-families-2017-n887616\">have characterized\u003c/a> what happened in \u003ca href=\"https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\">El Paso\u003c/a> as a kind of “pilot program” for the vast increase in family separations that would soon follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Feb. 26, 2018: The Family Separation Lawsuit\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798862\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1160px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11798862 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1160\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1.jpg 1160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1-800x596.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1-1020x760.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1160px) 100vw, 1160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ms. L., a Congolese mother escaping persecution in her homeland, was separated from her daughter after trying to seek refuge in the United States. \u003ccite>(Hope Hall/Courtesy of ACLU)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union filed a lawsuit against the federal government — \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/ms-l-v-ice-complaint\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ms. L. v. ICE\u003c/a> —\u003c/em> on behalf of a Congolese mother who said she and her daughter had fled their home, “fearing certain death,” and were separated at the San Ysidro Port of Entry in San Diego. One month later, Ms. L.’s case became a class-action lawsuit representing all parents whose children were taken away from them at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>April 6, 2018: ‘Zero Tolerance’ Policy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798864\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798864\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions addresses the media during a press conference at Border Field State Park on May 7, 2018 in San Ysidro, California. Sessions was on a visit to the border along with ICE Deputy Director Thomas D. Homan to discuss the immigration enforcement actions of the Trump administration. \u003ccite>(Sandy Huffaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Sessions released another \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1049751/download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">memo \u003c/a>establishing the Trump administration’s so-called “zero tolerance” policy, with the goal of criminally prosecuting all adults entering the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re smuggling a child, then we’re going to prosecute you, and that child will be separated from you, probably,” Sessions said at a May 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o0OvFlS9rQ0\">law enforcement conference\u003c/a> in Arizona. “If you don’t want your child to be separated, then don’t bring them across the border illegally.”[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Then-U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions in May 2018\"]‘If you’re smuggling a child, then we’re going to prosecute you, and that child will be separated from you, probably’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That hard-line policy gave immigration enforcement officials the green light to place thousands of undocumented parents in federal jails. And because minors aren’t allowed to be jailed with adults, their children were treated as “unaccompanied minors.” Children and infants were turned over to the Office of Refugee Resettlement, part of the HHS, which housed most of them in shelters or with foster families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcry against the policy was swift. Lawmakers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680446/faith-leaders-weigh-how-to-address-immigration-with-their-congregations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">religious leaders\u003c/a> and medical professionals condemned it, while \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11678957/from-texas-to-california-older-women-take-to-streets-to-protest-u-s-immigration-policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">citizen activists\u003c/a> took to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11678414/photos-bay-area-cities-join-nationwide-families-belong-together-marches\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">streets\u003c/a> in protest. And at least 10 states, including California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11676317/california-nine-other-states-say-theyll-sue-trump-over-family-separations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">threatened legal action\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2018, the American Academy of Pediatrics \u003ca href=\"https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/Pages/StatementOpposingSeparationofChildrenandParents.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued a statement\u003c/a> forcefully opposing the practice. “Separating children from their parents contradicts everything we stand for as pediatricians — protecting and promoting children’s health,” wrote Colleen Kraft, the academy’s president at the time. “In fact, highly stressful experiences, like family separation, can cause irreparable harm, disrupting a child’s brain architecture and affecting his or her short- and long-term health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>June 20, 2018: Trump’s Executive Order\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798877\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798877\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters rally near a federal building in San Diego on June 23, 2018, demanding the reunification of thousands of children who were separated from their immigrant parents by border officials under the Trump administration’s controversial zero tolerance policy. \u003ccite>(David McNew/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In response to the overwhelming backlash, President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/affording-congress-opportunity-address-family-separation/\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> on June 20, 2018, affirming that the government planned to continue prosecuting people for “improper entry,” but added that, “It is also the policy of this Administration to maintain family unity, including by detaining alien families together where appropriate and consistent with law and available resources. It is unfortunate that Congress’s failure to act and court orders have put the Administration in the position of separating alien families to effectively enforce the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>June 26, 2018: Judge Orders Stop to Separations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798871\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798871\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A boy and father from Honduras are taken into custody by U.S. Border Patrol agents near the U.S.-Mexico Border near Mission, Texas, on June 12, 2018. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Less than a week later, U.S. District Court Judge Dana Sabraw, based in San Diego and presiding over the \u003cem>Ms. L. v. ICE\u003c/em> case, ordered the government to stop the separations and swiftly reunify families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11677196\" label=\"Filomena's Story\"]“The facts set forth before the Court portray reactive governance — responses to address a chaotic circumstance of the Government’s own making,” Sabraw wrote in his decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Sabraw’s supervision, federal officials began working to identify all the separated children in government custody at the time of the judge’s order. It took months, but eventually they tallied 2,815 children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-copy-family-separations-e1580370383776.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11798996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-copy-family-separations-e1580370383776.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-copy-family-separations-e1580370383776.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-copy-family-separations-e1580370383776-160x84.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the judge’s blessing, the ACLU formed a committee to track down the parents and find out how they wanted to proceed. Hundreds of parents had given up their asylum claims with the promise of having their children returned, only to be deported without them. Some of these parents decided their kids should stay in the U.S. with a relative to continue seeking asylum on their own. Others asked for their children to be returned to them in their home country. And a smaller number sought permission to return to the U.S. and resume their own petitions for protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>March 8, 2019: Judge Orders Search for More Separated Families\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798988\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798988\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615-1020x665.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young child is processed by border patrol agents after crossing into the United States from Mexico on June 02, 2019, in Sunland Park, New Mexico. \u003ccite>(Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In early 2019, the inspector general for HHS released a \u003ca href=\"https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">review\u003c/a> of the agency’s internal data on separated children. The report found that staff members had identified many more children who had been taken from their parents but were no longer in the agency’s custody and so were not covered by “the accounting required by the court.” The report concluded that thousands of additional families had potentially been separated without an order to reunite them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"U.S. District Court Judge Dana Sabraw\"]‘They were not reunited with their children despite the absence of any finding they were unfit parents or presented a danger to their children.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, Sabraw \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11731845/judge-immigration-must-identify-thousands-more-migrant-kids-separated-from-parents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in March 2019 expanded the class\u003c/a> of parents covered by the \u003cem>Ms. L.\u003c/em> lawsuit to include those who were separated between July 1, 2017 — when separations reportedly began in El Paso — and June 25, 2018, the day before his original injunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like the current class members, they too were separated from their children,” Sabraw wrote in the decision. “They were not reunited with their children despite the absence of any finding they were unfit parents or presented a danger to their children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This group of families was particularly difficult to identify because the children were no longer in the custody of the Refugee Resettlement Office, and Homeland Security officials had not told the agency that those children had been taken from their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After months of investigating, government officials delivered their findings to the court on Oct. 25, 2019 — 1,556 additional children had been separated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-family-separations-e1580370503471.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11798997\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-family-separations-e1580370503471.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-family-separations-e1580370503471.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-family-separations-e1580370503471-160x94.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU’s steering committee set out to locate those parents and has since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785409/new-search-begins-for-deported-parents-of-separated-migrant-children\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">engaged community groups in Central America\u003c/a> to assist. Some participants in the effort have described spending 12 hours walking around remote villages in search of a single parent. The effort is still being conducted.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>July 30, 2019: ACLU Condemns Ongoing Separations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798875\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798875\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Honduran child plays at the Catholic Charities Humanitarian Respite Center in McAllen, Texas, on June 21, 2018, after recently crossing the U.S.-Mexico border with his father. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Sabraw’s original injunction barring the separation of families at the border, he included an exemption for cases where authorities had deemed the parent unfit or a danger to the child.[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"ACLU lawyer Lee Gelernt\"]‘It is beyond shocking that the Trump administration continues to take babies from their parents. The administration cannot simply ignore the nationwide injunction over minor infractions.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security officials have said they only rarely take such a step and only for the safety of children. But ACLU lawyers said the government had reported hundreds of ongoing separations after Sabraw halted the practice, including for minor criminal infractions, like petty theft or traffic violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, the ACLU asked the judge to \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.casd.564097/gov.uscourts.casd.564097.439.0_3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">clarify the standard\u003c/a> for when the government is allowed to separate families in order “to ensure that children are not taken away from their parents absent an objective reason to believe that the parent is unfit or a danger to their child.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the ACLU, government numbers show that, as of Dec. 21, 2019, 1,142 children had been separated due to this exception, bringing the total of all separated families to at least 5,513, with the government reporting a handful of additional separations each month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is beyond shocking that the Trump administration continues to take babies from their parents,” ACLU lawyer Lee Gelernt said. “The administration cannot simply ignore the nationwide injunction over minor infractions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/family-separations-2-e1580371295398.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11799002\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/family-separations-2-e1580371295398.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/family-separations-2-e1580371295398.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/family-separations-2-e1580371295398-160x94.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Jan. 13, 2020: Judge Approves Most Ongoing Family Separations\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798873\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798873\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Honduran mother holds her 2-year-old daughter while being detained by U.S. Border Patrol agents in McAllen, Texas, near the U.S.-Mexico border. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In January, Sabraw responded to the ACLU’s request for clarification as to when family separations at the border are acceptable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://ecf.casd.uscourts.gov/doc1/037115434524\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ruling\u003c/a>, he largely sided with the federal government, writing that child welfare standards are not the only consideration (as the ACLU had argued) — national security concerns are also a factor. “In this context, the government interests go well beyond just the fitness and danger that a parent may present to his or her own child,” Sabraw wrote. “Rather, the government interests extend to securing the Nation’s borders and enforcing the Nation’s criminal and immigration laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11711704\" label=\"Yvette's Story\"]He added that the government is entitled to separate children from their parents “based on any criminal history, not just criminal history that bears on a parent’s fitness or danger.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw also asserted that the court should not “engage in prospective oversight” of family separation decisions, because the executive branch of government has the right to control security at the border. He also pointed out that separations at the border have declined dramatically.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Looking Ahead\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798987\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798987\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"691\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906-800x540.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906-1020x688.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Seven-year-old Andy is reunited with his mother, Arely, at Baltimore-Washington International Airport on July 23, 2018. Originally from El Salvador, the mother and son were separated upon entering the United States on June 13. Arely was detained at the Port Isabel Detention Center in Texas while Andy was detained in New York. \u003ccite>(Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In late 2019, HHS’ inspector general issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2019-11/OIG-20-06-Nov19.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new report\u003c/a> about family separations that was made public in January. It stated that when the government began its zero tolerance policy of prosecuting all adult border crossers, including parents, Homeland Security officials lacked the technology to keep track of the thousands of parents and children they separated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of January 2020, hundreds — and possibly thousands — of families are still not reunited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out of the first group of 2,815 children identified, 18 separated children are still in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement — more than a year and a half after Sabraw ordered them returned to their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"U.S. District Court Judge Dana Sabraw\"]‘The unfortunate reality will be that we will never be able to accurately identify the number of children’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the the 1,556 additional families who the government determined had been separated under the zero tolerance policy as far back as July 2017, are still in the early stages. The ACLU’s steering committee has so far made contact with just 364 of those parents — by phone or by tracking them down in person on the ground in Central America. But advocates say those parents are so traumatized from losing their children that it’s hard to build enough trust to begin reuniting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It can be a real struggle to ensure that the families believe that there can still be a path forward where reunification is even an option,” said Nan Schivone, legal director for the advocacy group Justice in Motion, and a member of the steering committee. “Our defenders are reporting that many deported parents are stuck in an emotional limbo, and it’s kind of hard for them to even process that they’ve been contacted and found.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are the 1,142 or more children taken from their parents after the judge halted family separations. So far, neither the government nor the ACLU has estimated how many of them have been returned to their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent legal filing, government officials expressed confidence that they’ve identified “substantially all the possible children” separated at the border. But during a December settlement conference, Sabraw voiced concern. “The unfortunate reality,” he said, “will be that we will never be able to accurately identify the number of children.”\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "In 2017, the Trump administration introduced its 'zero tolerance' policy to separate migrant parents seeking asylum from their children, part of an effort to deter the number of immigrants trying to enter the United States. ",
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"title": "Zero Tolerance: An Ongoing History of Family Separations at the US-Mexico Border | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Immigration enforcement has been one of President Trump’s central issues. Immediately after taking office three years ago, his administration announced a series of policies designed to limit both legal and illegal immigration, and restrict access to asylum in the United States. Among the most controversial is the practice of migrant family separation, in which border agents have forcibly taken thousands of children away from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border, ostensibly to facilitate the prosecution of adults for crossing the border without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice was widely condemned by human rights activists and community leaders in the U.S. and abroad. “Detention of children is punitive, severely hampers their development, and in some cases may amount to torture,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=23245&LangID=E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">United Nations human rights experts\u003c/a> said in a 2018 statement. “We are deeply concerned at the long-term impact and trauma, including irreparable harm that these forcible separations will have on the children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2018, a federal judge in San Diego ordered a stop to the practice and mandated that the government reunite the separated families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, under the judge’s orders, federal officials have been working to identify all of the separated parents and children. And the advocates who sued to halt the family separations have used that information to locate parents, many of whom were deported to Central America, and to make arrangements to reconnect them with their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family separation story is now seldom in the headlines, but many children still have not been reunited with their parents, and new families continue to be separated at the border, albeit in smaller numbers. A recent inspector general’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2019-11/OIG-20-06-Nov19.pdf\">report\u003c/a> from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the agency responsible for unaccompanied migrant children, suggests that it may be impossible to ever know the complete number of families who have been affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the president enters his fourth year in office, KQED looks back at some key moments in the saga of this contentious government initiative and the many legal challenges to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>April 11, 2017: The First Enforcement Memo\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798889\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798889\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1126810041-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A U.S. Border Patrol agent speaks with Central American migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border fence on Feb. 1, 2019, in El Paso, Texas. The migrants were taken into custody, seeking political asylum in the United States. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Trump took office in 2017, the rate of illegal immigration into the U.S. was at one of its lowest points in the past three decades. However, the number of families with children arriving at the U.S. —Mexico border in search of asylum was rapidly increasing — particularly Central Americans fleeing violent conditions back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to halt the flow of those families, then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions in April 2017 issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/956841/download\">memorandum\u003c/a> asking federal prosecutors to prioritize the prosecution of certain immigration offenses, including “improper entry by an alien” to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/reports/GAO-19-163/#TOC_Letter_Findings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">federal report\u003c/a> later identified that memo, along with a separate enforcement initiative, as the directive that led the U.S. Department of Homeland Security to separate an increasing number of children from their parents along the El Paso, Texas, section of the border starting in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some government officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/immigration-border-crisis/trump-admin-ran-pilot-program-separating-migrant-families-2017-n887616\">have characterized\u003c/a> what happened in \u003ca href=\"https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\">El Paso\u003c/a> as a kind of “pilot program” for the vast increase in family separations that would soon follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Feb. 26, 2018: The Family Separation Lawsuit\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798862\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1160px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11798862 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1160\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1.jpg 1160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1-800x596.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/aclu-1-1020x760.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1160px) 100vw, 1160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ms. L., a Congolese mother escaping persecution in her homeland, was separated from her daughter after trying to seek refuge in the United States. \u003ccite>(Hope Hall/Courtesy of ACLU)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union filed a lawsuit against the federal government — \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/ms-l-v-ice-complaint\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ms. L. v. ICE\u003c/a> —\u003c/em> on behalf of a Congolese mother who said she and her daughter had fled their home, “fearing certain death,” and were separated at the San Ysidro Port of Entry in San Diego. One month later, Ms. L.’s case became a class-action lawsuit representing all parents whose children were taken away from them at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>April 6, 2018: ‘Zero Tolerance’ Policy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798864\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798864\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-955742134-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions addresses the media during a press conference at Border Field State Park on May 7, 2018 in San Ysidro, California. Sessions was on a visit to the border along with ICE Deputy Director Thomas D. Homan to discuss the immigration enforcement actions of the Trump administration. \u003ccite>(Sandy Huffaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Sessions released another \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1049751/download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">memo \u003c/a>establishing the Trump administration’s so-called “zero tolerance” policy, with the goal of criminally prosecuting all adults entering the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re smuggling a child, then we’re going to prosecute you, and that child will be separated from you, probably,” Sessions said at a May 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o0OvFlS9rQ0\">law enforcement conference\u003c/a> in Arizona. “If you don’t want your child to be separated, then don’t bring them across the border illegally.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘If you’re smuggling a child, then we’re going to prosecute you, and that child will be separated from you, probably’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That hard-line policy gave immigration enforcement officials the green light to place thousands of undocumented parents in federal jails. And because minors aren’t allowed to be jailed with adults, their children were treated as “unaccompanied minors.” Children and infants were turned over to the Office of Refugee Resettlement, part of the HHS, which housed most of them in shelters or with foster families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcry against the policy was swift. Lawmakers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680446/faith-leaders-weigh-how-to-address-immigration-with-their-congregations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">religious leaders\u003c/a> and medical professionals condemned it, while \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11678957/from-texas-to-california-older-women-take-to-streets-to-protest-u-s-immigration-policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">citizen activists\u003c/a> took to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11678414/photos-bay-area-cities-join-nationwide-families-belong-together-marches\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">streets\u003c/a> in protest. And at least 10 states, including California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11676317/california-nine-other-states-say-theyll-sue-trump-over-family-separations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">threatened legal action\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2018, the American Academy of Pediatrics \u003ca href=\"https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/Pages/StatementOpposingSeparationofChildrenandParents.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued a statement\u003c/a> forcefully opposing the practice. “Separating children from their parents contradicts everything we stand for as pediatricians — protecting and promoting children’s health,” wrote Colleen Kraft, the academy’s president at the time. “In fact, highly stressful experiences, like family separation, can cause irreparable harm, disrupting a child’s brain architecture and affecting his or her short- and long-term health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>June 20, 2018: Trump’s Executive Order\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798877\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798877\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-982247184-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters rally near a federal building in San Diego on June 23, 2018, demanding the reunification of thousands of children who were separated from their immigrant parents by border officials under the Trump administration’s controversial zero tolerance policy. \u003ccite>(David McNew/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In response to the overwhelming backlash, President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/affording-congress-opportunity-address-family-separation/\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> on June 20, 2018, affirming that the government planned to continue prosecuting people for “improper entry,” but added that, “It is also the policy of this Administration to maintain family unity, including by detaining alien families together where appropriate and consistent with law and available resources. It is unfortunate that Congress’s failure to act and court orders have put the Administration in the position of separating alien families to effectively enforce the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>June 26, 2018: Judge Orders Stop to Separations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798871\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798871\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-975078458-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A boy and father from Honduras are taken into custody by U.S. Border Patrol agents near the U.S.-Mexico Border near Mission, Texas, on June 12, 2018. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Less than a week later, U.S. District Court Judge Dana Sabraw, based in San Diego and presiding over the \u003cem>Ms. L. v. ICE\u003c/em> case, ordered the government to stop the separations and swiftly reunify families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The facts set forth before the Court portray reactive governance — responses to address a chaotic circumstance of the Government’s own making,” Sabraw wrote in his decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Sabraw’s supervision, federal officials began working to identify all the separated children in government custody at the time of the judge’s order. It took months, but eventually they tallied 2,815 children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-copy-family-separations-e1580370383776.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11798996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-copy-family-separations-e1580370383776.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-copy-family-separations-e1580370383776.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-copy-family-separations-e1580370383776-160x84.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the judge’s blessing, the ACLU formed a committee to track down the parents and find out how they wanted to proceed. Hundreds of parents had given up their asylum claims with the promise of having their children returned, only to be deported without them. Some of these parents decided their kids should stay in the U.S. with a relative to continue seeking asylum on their own. Others asked for their children to be returned to them in their home country. And a smaller number sought permission to return to the U.S. and resume their own petitions for protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>March 8, 2019: Judge Orders Search for More Separated Families\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798988\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798988\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1153241615-1020x665.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young child is processed by border patrol agents after crossing into the United States from Mexico on June 02, 2019, in Sunland Park, New Mexico. \u003ccite>(Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In early 2019, the inspector general for HHS released a \u003ca href=\"https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">review\u003c/a> of the agency’s internal data on separated children. The report found that staff members had identified many more children who had been taken from their parents but were no longer in the agency’s custody and so were not covered by “the accounting required by the court.” The report concluded that thousands of additional families had potentially been separated without an order to reunite them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘They were not reunited with their children despite the absence of any finding they were unfit parents or presented a danger to their children.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, Sabraw \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11731845/judge-immigration-must-identify-thousands-more-migrant-kids-separated-from-parents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in March 2019 expanded the class\u003c/a> of parents covered by the \u003cem>Ms. L.\u003c/em> lawsuit to include those who were separated between July 1, 2017 — when separations reportedly began in El Paso — and June 25, 2018, the day before his original injunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like the current class members, they too were separated from their children,” Sabraw wrote in the decision. “They were not reunited with their children despite the absence of any finding they were unfit parents or presented a danger to their children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This group of families was particularly difficult to identify because the children were no longer in the custody of the Refugee Resettlement Office, and Homeland Security officials had not told the agency that those children had been taken from their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After months of investigating, government officials delivered their findings to the court on Oct. 25, 2019 — 1,556 additional children had been separated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-family-separations-e1580370503471.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11798997\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-family-separations-e1580370503471.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-family-separations-e1580370503471.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/copy-family-separations-e1580370503471-160x94.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU’s steering committee set out to locate those parents and has since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785409/new-search-begins-for-deported-parents-of-separated-migrant-children\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">engaged community groups in Central America\u003c/a> to assist. Some participants in the effort have described spending 12 hours walking around remote villages in search of a single parent. The effort is still being conducted.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>July 30, 2019: ACLU Condemns Ongoing Separations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798875\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798875\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-980530210-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Honduran child plays at the Catholic Charities Humanitarian Respite Center in McAllen, Texas, on June 21, 2018, after recently crossing the U.S.-Mexico border with his father. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Sabraw’s original injunction barring the separation of families at the border, he included an exemption for cases where authorities had deemed the parent unfit or a danger to the child.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘It is beyond shocking that the Trump administration continues to take babies from their parents. The administration cannot simply ignore the nationwide injunction over minor infractions.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security officials have said they only rarely take such a step and only for the safety of children. But ACLU lawyers said the government had reported hundreds of ongoing separations after Sabraw halted the practice, including for minor criminal infractions, like petty theft or traffic violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, the ACLU asked the judge to \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.casd.564097/gov.uscourts.casd.564097.439.0_3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">clarify the standard\u003c/a> for when the government is allowed to separate families in order “to ensure that children are not taken away from their parents absent an objective reason to believe that the parent is unfit or a danger to their child.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the ACLU, government numbers show that, as of Dec. 21, 2019, 1,142 children had been separated due to this exception, bringing the total of all separated families to at least 5,513, with the government reporting a handful of additional separations each month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is beyond shocking that the Trump administration continues to take babies from their parents,” ACLU lawyer Lee Gelernt said. “The administration cannot simply ignore the nationwide injunction over minor infractions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/family-separations-2-e1580371295398.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11799002\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/family-separations-2-e1580371295398.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/family-separations-2-e1580371295398.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/family-separations-2-e1580371295398-160x94.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Jan. 13, 2020: Judge Approves Most Ongoing Family Separations\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798873\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798873\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-977061392-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Honduran mother holds her 2-year-old daughter while being detained by U.S. Border Patrol agents in McAllen, Texas, near the U.S.-Mexico border. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In January, Sabraw responded to the ACLU’s request for clarification as to when family separations at the border are acceptable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://ecf.casd.uscourts.gov/doc1/037115434524\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ruling\u003c/a>, he largely sided with the federal government, writing that child welfare standards are not the only consideration (as the ACLU had argued) — national security concerns are also a factor. “In this context, the government interests go well beyond just the fitness and danger that a parent may present to his or her own child,” Sabraw wrote. “Rather, the government interests extend to securing the Nation’s borders and enforcing the Nation’s criminal and immigration laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He added that the government is entitled to separate children from their parents “based on any criminal history, not just criminal history that bears on a parent’s fitness or danger.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw also asserted that the court should not “engage in prospective oversight” of family separation decisions, because the executive branch of government has the right to control security at the border. He also pointed out that separations at the border have declined dramatically.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Looking Ahead\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798987\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11798987\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"691\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906-800x540.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1004299906-1020x688.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Seven-year-old Andy is reunited with his mother, Arely, at Baltimore-Washington International Airport on July 23, 2018. Originally from El Salvador, the mother and son were separated upon entering the United States on June 13. Arely was detained at the Port Isabel Detention Center in Texas while Andy was detained in New York. \u003ccite>(Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In late 2019, HHS’ inspector general issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2019-11/OIG-20-06-Nov19.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new report\u003c/a> about family separations that was made public in January. It stated that when the government began its zero tolerance policy of prosecuting all adult border crossers, including parents, Homeland Security officials lacked the technology to keep track of the thousands of parents and children they separated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of January 2020, hundreds — and possibly thousands — of families are still not reunited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out of the first group of 2,815 children identified, 18 separated children are still in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement — more than a year and a half after Sabraw ordered them returned to their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the the 1,556 additional families who the government determined had been separated under the zero tolerance policy as far back as July 2017, are still in the early stages. The ACLU’s steering committee has so far made contact with just 364 of those parents — by phone or by tracking them down in person on the ground in Central America. But advocates say those parents are so traumatized from losing their children that it’s hard to build enough trust to begin reuniting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It can be a real struggle to ensure that the families believe that there can still be a path forward where reunification is even an option,” said Nan Schivone, legal director for the advocacy group Justice in Motion, and a member of the steering committee. “Our defenders are reporting that many deported parents are stuck in an emotional limbo, and it’s kind of hard for them to even process that they’ve been contacted and found.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are the 1,142 or more children taken from their parents after the judge halted family separations. So far, neither the government nor the ACLU has estimated how many of them have been returned to their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent legal filing, government officials expressed confidence that they’ve identified “substantially all the possible children” separated at the border. But during a December settlement conference, Sabraw voiced concern. “The unfortunate reality,” he said, “will be that we will never be able to accurately identify the number of children.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Democrats Decry 'Dangerous' Foreign Interference Argument Made by Trump Lawyers",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 11:40 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Senate on Wednesday night concluded the first of two days full of questions in the impeachment trial of President Trump. The proceeding offered clues about the thinking of senators, but the session consisted mostly of trial lawyers on both sides magnifying arguments they have already delivered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were, however, controversial moments in which Trump's counsel took positions Democrats decried as radical or even unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump lawyer Patrick Philbin and Rep. Adam Schiff, one of the Democrats prosecuting Trump, sparred over a topic that reverberated after Wednesday's session ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philbin defended accepting \"credible\" information from foreign sources about a political rival, arguing that \"mere information is not something that would violate the campaign finance laws.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it's credible information,\" he said, \"it's relevant information for the voters to know about for people to be able to decide on who is the best candidate for an office.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His defense echoes comments Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/id-exclusive-interview-trump-listen-foreigners-offered-dirt/story?id=63669304&cid=clicksource_4380645_null\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previously made\u003c/a> about accepting compromising information from foreign governments about political opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Alan Dershowitz, President Donald Trump's lawyer\"]'If a president does something which he believes will help him get elected in the public interest, that cannot be the kind of quid pro quo that results in impeachment.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff became animated in responding, saying the suggestion that seeking foreign interference in an American election is a president's policy should have another name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm sorry, that's what I call corruption. And they can dress it up in fine legalese, but corruption is still corruption,\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal campaign finance laws \u003ca href=\"https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=(title:52%20section:30121%20edition:prelim)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">do prohibit \u003c/a>foreign contributions, or taking a \"thing of value\" from a foreign source in U.S. elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Debbie Stabenow, D-Mich., said Senate Democrats were in \"shock\" when Philbin defended what she called a type of foreign interference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is setting precedent that is unheard of in our country. And it's dangerous, dangerous, dangerous,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Mark Warner, D-Va., said he was \"flabbergasted\" by Philbin's \"inappropriate\" remarks. \"The president's counsel tonight, in a sense gave a green light for that kind of behavior to continue,\" he said. \"I hope and pray that cooler heads will prevail but I think there was a dramatic step backwards in terms of protecting the integrity of our election.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warner, a lead Democrat on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said Philbin's advocacy contradicts the work of the intelligence community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Trump's own Director of the CIA, Director of NSA, Director of National Intelligence, Director of FBI, who've all said their top priority going into 2020 is to make sure foreign interference does not continue and is not allowed,\" Warner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff, sounding aghast, agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's now okay to criminally conspire with another country to get help in a presidential election?\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another striking exchange occurred when Trump lawyer Alan Dershowitz said if a president orchestrates a quid pro quo, or an exchange of favors, and it is done for more reasons than being corrupt, then the action should not trigger an impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If a president does something which he believes will help him get elected in the public interest, that cannot be the kind of quid pro quo that results in impeachment,\" Dershowitz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dershowitz said if a president does not act out of purely a \"corrupt motive,\" but rather has a \"mixed motive,\" meaning a president is acting of the country's interest and in hopes of improving reelection prospects, then the behavior cannot warrant articles of impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"How many presidents have made foreign policy decisions after checking with their political advisers and pollsters?\" he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn., said the position brought Dershowitz \"into the land of legal absurdity,\" he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenBlumenthal/status/1222626330560385025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tweeted\u003c/a>. \"That anything a public official does for re-election is OK. That cannot be true.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The formal proceedings on Capitol Hill, in which senators from both parties submitted written questions to House managers prosecuting the case as well as Trump's defense lawyers, commenced as news emerged from the White House that the National Security Council told John Bolton, its former chief, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745122-Letter.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in a letter \u003c/a>that the manuscript for his upcoming book \"appears to contain significant amounts of classified information\" that needs to be excised before the book can be published.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1uFd3ZuChl0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is being contested by Bolton's lawyer, Charles Cooper, who on Wednesday released an email he sent last week to the National Security Council in which he asserted that nothing in Bolton's book \"could reasonably be considered classified.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper said the National Security Council never responded to the email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That manuscript, which reportedly contains dozens of pages on Trump's dealing with Ukraine, has loomed over this week's Senate impeachment trial sessions. That is because the book purportedly says Trump told Bolton that military assistance to Ukraine would be released only after Ukraine opened investigations into Trump's Democratic rivals — the allegation at the heart of Trump's impeachment and the proceedings in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first question Wednesday came from Susan Collins, Mitt Romney and Lisa Murkowski, three Republican senators who have signaled they may support a vote to hear from witnesses. They asked the president's defense lawyers how the Senate should weigh impeachment if Trump had more than one motive for his conduct. The question — like all others — were submitted to U.S. Chief Justice John Roberts, who is presiding over the trial, who read them aloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Patrick Philbin responded that \"once you're in mixed-motive land, once it is established that there is a legitimate public interest that could justify looking into something, just asking a question about something, the managers' case fails.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first question from the Democratic side was whether the Senate could render a verdict without hearing from key witnesses, such as Bolton and acting White House Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798694\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11798694\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20028771507033_custom-4043677bf5f30d2ff0afeb0e0dc942461cef616b-e1580312519783.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">House Democratic impeachment manager Rep. Adam Schiff (second from left) leaves a news conference on Capitol Hill on Tuesday. \u003ccite>(Jacquelyn Martin/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lead House manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., responded, \"The short answer to that question is, there is no way to have a fair trial without witnesses.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer told reporters later on Wednesday that he was uncertain about the prospect of getting 51 senators to vote to call witnesses: All Democrats and those who caucus with them would need at least four Republican senators to join them in order to get witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, asked whether it mattered legally if Trump sought a quid pro quo from Ukraine's leader. Trump's attorney Alan Dershowitz responded with a broad view of executive powers, arguing that \"if a president does something which he believes will help him get elected in the public interest, that cannot be the kind of quid pro quo that results in impeachment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But later, Schiff said: \"All quid pro quos are not the same. Some are legitimate and some are corrupt, and you don't need to be a mind reader to figure out which is which. For one thing, you can ask John Bolton.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer\"]'I hope we can get witnesses and documents. It's an uphill fight. Is it more likely than not? Probably no. But is it a decent good chance? Yes.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a definite shift in activity in the chamber Wednesday. Senate pages ran question cards and notes back and forth — in addition to their usual duties of running water and mail to senators' desks. Senators were also much more engaged in the question-and-answer portion. Dozens had question cards on their desks, took notes or prepared questions. Many watched the speaker at the lectern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The session, which was scheduled to last eight hours on Wednesday, will continue for a further eight on Thursday. This stage in the proceedings comes a day after the president's legal team rested in its defense of Trump. Democratic House managers made their case last week on why the president should be removed from office. Trump was impeached last month on charges of abuse of power and obstruction of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those watching the session Wednesday was Joseph Bondy, the attorney for Lev Parnas, a former associate of Trump's lawyer Rudy Giuliani. Bondy was in the Senate gallery as a guest of Schumer. Parnas, who has been indicted in New York for alleged campaign finance violations, wasn't in the gallery because he has to wear a GPS monitoring device as part of his pretrial release. Bondy declined to say where Parnas would watch the proceedings from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798798\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11798798\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20029605326106_custom-812c1ad9fedca5e815fa848f78438444dbbd77d9-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20029605326106_custom-812c1ad9fedca5e815fa848f78438444dbbd77d9-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20029605326106_custom-812c1ad9fedca5e815fa848f78438444dbbd77d9-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lev Parnas, a Rudy Giuliani associate with ties to Ukraine, collects his belongings after going through a security checkpoint during the impeachment trial of President Trump on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Patrick Semansky/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The two days of Senate questions set the stage for a Friday vote on whether to allow witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hope we can get witnesses and documents,\" Schumer told reporters during a break in the questioning. \"It's an uphill fight. Is it more likely than not? Probably no. But is it a decent good chance? Yes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell also expressed concerns about GOP senators Tuesday. Although Senate Republicans including Romney of Utah, Lamar Alexander of Tennessee, Murkowski of Alaska and Collins of Maine have indicated they may be open to hearing from witnesses, their final decision is still unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Democrats, multiple potential witnesses have firsthand accounts of what they say is a quid pro quo scheme with Ukraine that forms the basis of the two impeachment charges that Trump is facing. But Republicans maintain that witnesses can inject uncertainty into the proceedings and prolong the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Pat Toomey, R-Pa., told NPR's Claudia Grisales that he remains \"very, very skeptical that there is any witness that is going to shed any light that is going to cause me to change my view on what the final outcome of what this trial ought to be.\" Republicans overwhelmingly support Trump's acquittal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the sought-after witnesses is Bolton, the former national security adviser who captured Washington's attention this week following the release of revelations in his forthcoming book. Those purported book details, first reported by \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>, placed pressure on senators to vote to allow witnesses into the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the NSC in a Jan. 23 letter to Cooper, Bolton's lawyer, said: \"Under federal law and the nondisclosure agreements your client signed as a condition for gaining access to classified information, the manuscript may not be published or otherwise disclosed without the deletion of this classified information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter, signed by the NSC's record management official, Ellen Knight, said the council would work with Bolton to help identify what material in the manuscript could be used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's defense team has argued that the manuscript would be \"inadmissible\" in the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for Trump have accused Democrats of trying to invalidate the result of the 2016 election. They say Trump has not committed any crime and therefore cannot be removed from office, even though many legal scholars say a law need not be broken to secure an impeachment conviction that would remove a president from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although two previous presidents, Bill Clinton and Andrew Johnson, have also been impeached, no U.S. president has ever been removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats impeached Trump last month for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress for what the prosecution team says was a campaign to pressure Ukraine into opening investigations into Trump's political rivals by holding up $391 million in congressionally approved security assistance in order to apply leverage on Ukrainian authorities. House Democrats say the White House's refusal to cooperate with the impeachment investigation is proof of a cover-up and amounts to obstruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Impeachment+Trial+Moves+To+Question+Phase%2C+While+Witness+Vote+Looms&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 11:40 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Senate on Wednesday night concluded the first of two days full of questions in the impeachment trial of President Trump. The proceeding offered clues about the thinking of senators, but the session consisted mostly of trial lawyers on both sides magnifying arguments they have already delivered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were, however, controversial moments in which Trump's counsel took positions Democrats decried as radical or even unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump lawyer Patrick Philbin and Rep. Adam Schiff, one of the Democrats prosecuting Trump, sparred over a topic that reverberated after Wednesday's session ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philbin defended accepting \"credible\" information from foreign sources about a political rival, arguing that \"mere information is not something that would violate the campaign finance laws.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it's credible information,\" he said, \"it's relevant information for the voters to know about for people to be able to decide on who is the best candidate for an office.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His defense echoes comments Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/id-exclusive-interview-trump-listen-foreigners-offered-dirt/story?id=63669304&cid=clicksource_4380645_null\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previously made\u003c/a> about accepting compromising information from foreign governments about political opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'If a president does something which he believes will help him get elected in the public interest, that cannot be the kind of quid pro quo that results in impeachment.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff became animated in responding, saying the suggestion that seeking foreign interference in an American election is a president's policy should have another name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm sorry, that's what I call corruption. And they can dress it up in fine legalese, but corruption is still corruption,\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal campaign finance laws \u003ca href=\"https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=(title:52%20section:30121%20edition:prelim)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">do prohibit \u003c/a>foreign contributions, or taking a \"thing of value\" from a foreign source in U.S. elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Debbie Stabenow, D-Mich., said Senate Democrats were in \"shock\" when Philbin defended what she called a type of foreign interference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is setting precedent that is unheard of in our country. And it's dangerous, dangerous, dangerous,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Mark Warner, D-Va., said he was \"flabbergasted\" by Philbin's \"inappropriate\" remarks. \"The president's counsel tonight, in a sense gave a green light for that kind of behavior to continue,\" he said. \"I hope and pray that cooler heads will prevail but I think there was a dramatic step backwards in terms of protecting the integrity of our election.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warner, a lead Democrat on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said Philbin's advocacy contradicts the work of the intelligence community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Trump's own Director of the CIA, Director of NSA, Director of National Intelligence, Director of FBI, who've all said their top priority going into 2020 is to make sure foreign interference does not continue and is not allowed,\" Warner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff, sounding aghast, agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's now okay to criminally conspire with another country to get help in a presidential election?\" Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another striking exchange occurred when Trump lawyer Alan Dershowitz said if a president orchestrates a quid pro quo, or an exchange of favors, and it is done for more reasons than being corrupt, then the action should not trigger an impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If a president does something which he believes will help him get elected in the public interest, that cannot be the kind of quid pro quo that results in impeachment,\" Dershowitz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dershowitz said if a president does not act out of purely a \"corrupt motive,\" but rather has a \"mixed motive,\" meaning a president is acting of the country's interest and in hopes of improving reelection prospects, then the behavior cannot warrant articles of impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"How many presidents have made foreign policy decisions after checking with their political advisers and pollsters?\" he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn., said the position brought Dershowitz \"into the land of legal absurdity,\" he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenBlumenthal/status/1222626330560385025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tweeted\u003c/a>. \"That anything a public official does for re-election is OK. That cannot be true.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The formal proceedings on Capitol Hill, in which senators from both parties submitted written questions to House managers prosecuting the case as well as Trump's defense lawyers, commenced as news emerged from the White House that the National Security Council told John Bolton, its former chief, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6745122-Letter.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in a letter \u003c/a>that the manuscript for his upcoming book \"appears to contain significant amounts of classified information\" that needs to be excised before the book can be published.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/1uFd3ZuChl0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/1uFd3ZuChl0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>That is being contested by Bolton's lawyer, Charles Cooper, who on Wednesday released an email he sent last week to the National Security Council in which he asserted that nothing in Bolton's book \"could reasonably be considered classified.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper said the National Security Council never responded to the email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That manuscript, which reportedly contains dozens of pages on Trump's dealing with Ukraine, has loomed over this week's Senate impeachment trial sessions. That is because the book purportedly says Trump told Bolton that military assistance to Ukraine would be released only after Ukraine opened investigations into Trump's Democratic rivals — the allegation at the heart of Trump's impeachment and the proceedings in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first question Wednesday came from Susan Collins, Mitt Romney and Lisa Murkowski, three Republican senators who have signaled they may support a vote to hear from witnesses. They asked the president's defense lawyers how the Senate should weigh impeachment if Trump had more than one motive for his conduct. The question — like all others — were submitted to U.S. Chief Justice John Roberts, who is presiding over the trial, who read them aloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Patrick Philbin responded that \"once you're in mixed-motive land, once it is established that there is a legitimate public interest that could justify looking into something, just asking a question about something, the managers' case fails.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first question from the Democratic side was whether the Senate could render a verdict without hearing from key witnesses, such as Bolton and acting White House Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798694\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11798694\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20028771507033_custom-4043677bf5f30d2ff0afeb0e0dc942461cef616b-e1580312519783.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">House Democratic impeachment manager Rep. Adam Schiff (second from left) leaves a news conference on Capitol Hill on Tuesday. \u003ccite>(Jacquelyn Martin/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lead House manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., responded, \"The short answer to that question is, there is no way to have a fair trial without witnesses.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer told reporters later on Wednesday that he was uncertain about the prospect of getting 51 senators to vote to call witnesses: All Democrats and those who caucus with them would need at least four Republican senators to join them in order to get witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, asked whether it mattered legally if Trump sought a quid pro quo from Ukraine's leader. Trump's attorney Alan Dershowitz responded with a broad view of executive powers, arguing that \"if a president does something which he believes will help him get elected in the public interest, that cannot be the kind of quid pro quo that results in impeachment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But later, Schiff said: \"All quid pro quos are not the same. Some are legitimate and some are corrupt, and you don't need to be a mind reader to figure out which is which. For one thing, you can ask John Bolton.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'I hope we can get witnesses and documents. It's an uphill fight. Is it more likely than not? Probably no. But is it a decent good chance? Yes.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a definite shift in activity in the chamber Wednesday. Senate pages ran question cards and notes back and forth — in addition to their usual duties of running water and mail to senators' desks. Senators were also much more engaged in the question-and-answer portion. Dozens had question cards on their desks, took notes or prepared questions. Many watched the speaker at the lectern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The session, which was scheduled to last eight hours on Wednesday, will continue for a further eight on Thursday. This stage in the proceedings comes a day after the president's legal team rested in its defense of Trump. Democratic House managers made their case last week on why the president should be removed from office. Trump was impeached last month on charges of abuse of power and obstruction of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those watching the session Wednesday was Joseph Bondy, the attorney for Lev Parnas, a former associate of Trump's lawyer Rudy Giuliani. Bondy was in the Senate gallery as a guest of Schumer. Parnas, who has been indicted in New York for alleged campaign finance violations, wasn't in the gallery because he has to wear a GPS monitoring device as part of his pretrial release. Bondy declined to say where Parnas would watch the proceedings from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798798\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11798798\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20029605326106_custom-812c1ad9fedca5e815fa848f78438444dbbd77d9-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20029605326106_custom-812c1ad9fedca5e815fa848f78438444dbbd77d9-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/ap_20029605326106_custom-812c1ad9fedca5e815fa848f78438444dbbd77d9-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lev Parnas, a Rudy Giuliani associate with ties to Ukraine, collects his belongings after going through a security checkpoint during the impeachment trial of President Trump on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Patrick Semansky/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The two days of Senate questions set the stage for a Friday vote on whether to allow witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hope we can get witnesses and documents,\" Schumer told reporters during a break in the questioning. \"It's an uphill fight. Is it more likely than not? Probably no. But is it a decent good chance? Yes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell also expressed concerns about GOP senators Tuesday. Although Senate Republicans including Romney of Utah, Lamar Alexander of Tennessee, Murkowski of Alaska and Collins of Maine have indicated they may be open to hearing from witnesses, their final decision is still unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Democrats, multiple potential witnesses have firsthand accounts of what they say is a quid pro quo scheme with Ukraine that forms the basis of the two impeachment charges that Trump is facing. But Republicans maintain that witnesses can inject uncertainty into the proceedings and prolong the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Pat Toomey, R-Pa., told NPR's Claudia Grisales that he remains \"very, very skeptical that there is any witness that is going to shed any light that is going to cause me to change my view on what the final outcome of what this trial ought to be.\" Republicans overwhelmingly support Trump's acquittal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the sought-after witnesses is Bolton, the former national security adviser who captured Washington's attention this week following the release of revelations in his forthcoming book. Those purported book details, first reported by \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>, placed pressure on senators to vote to allow witnesses into the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the NSC in a Jan. 23 letter to Cooper, Bolton's lawyer, said: \"Under federal law and the nondisclosure agreements your client signed as a condition for gaining access to classified information, the manuscript may not be published or otherwise disclosed without the deletion of this classified information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter, signed by the NSC's record management official, Ellen Knight, said the council would work with Bolton to help identify what material in the manuscript could be used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's defense team has argued that the manuscript would be \"inadmissible\" in the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for Trump have accused Democrats of trying to invalidate the result of the 2016 election. They say Trump has not committed any crime and therefore cannot be removed from office, even though many legal scholars say a law need not be broken to secure an impeachment conviction that would remove a president from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although two previous presidents, Bill Clinton and Andrew Johnson, have also been impeached, no U.S. president has ever been removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats impeached Trump last month for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress for what the prosecution team says was a campaign to pressure Ukraine into opening investigations into Trump's political rivals by holding up $391 million in congressionally approved security assistance in order to apply leverage on Ukrainian authorities. House Democrats say the White House's refusal to cooperate with the impeachment investigation is proof of a cover-up and amounts to obstruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Impeachment+Trial+Moves+To+Question+Phase%2C+While+Witness+Vote+Looms&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "McConnell: Republicans Do Not Yet Have Votes to Block Witnesses in Impeachment Trial",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 7:35 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell told closed-door group of Senate Republicans late Tuesday that he does not yet have the votes to stop Democrats from calling witnesses into the impeachment trial of President Trump, according to people familiar with the discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even as McConnell made the concession, the dynamic remains fluid. Whether Democrats' push for witnesses succeeds or falls should will come down to a group of moderate Republicans who have remained open but uncommitted to new witnesses since the start of the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans privately are confident that they can overcome Democratic subpoenas for new witnesses. Democrats need at least four Republicans to cross party lines and support new witnesses in order to meet the threshold for bringing new witnesses and evidence into the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"White House counsel Pat Cipollone\"]'I think we've made our case. All you need in this case is the Constitution and your common sense.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pressure has been building on senators to hear from former National Security Adviser John Bolton, whom Democrats say has a first-hand account of Trump's dealing with Ukraine at the heart of the impeachment case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolton, who has a forthcoming book detailing his knowledge of the Ukraine pressure campaign, has said he is willing to share his side of the story with senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Trump's defense team has fought back, saying Bolton has nothing of value to offer senators, since they argue even if Bolton's account is true, it would not clear the bar of constituting an impeachable offense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Tuesday, President Trump's defense team completed its arguments against his removal from office in the Senate impeachment trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think we've made our case,\" White House counsel Pat Cipollone said. \"All you need in this case is the Constitution and your common sense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the two articles of impeachment passed last month by the House of Representatives — abuse of power and obstruction of Congress — \"fall far short of any constitutional standard and they are dangerous,\" a word he repeated several times in final remarks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5iLZh1pwm0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., said that starting Wednesday at 1 p.m. ET, senators will have a chance to submit written questions to the House impeachment managers and Trump's defense lawyers through U.S. Chief Justice John Roberts, with each party alternating. They will have a total of 16 hours over two days for questions. After the questions wrap up, senators will then take up whether to call witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday's proceedings concluded against the backdrop of a \u003cem>New York Times \u003c/em>report this week that cited the unpublished manuscript of a book being written by former national security adviser John Bolton about, among other things, his time in the Trump White House. Bolton writes, according to the newspaper, that Trump told him that he was withholding military aid to Ukraine until the government there began an investigation into political rivals, including former Vice President Joe Biden's and his son Hunter's activities. That allegation is at the heart of Trump's impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in an apparent reference to the manuscript, Trump attorney Jay Sekulow told senators Tuesday that impeachment \"is not a game of leaks and unsourced manuscripts.\" Most of the president's lawyers have steered clear of the Bolton report, except for Alan Dershowitz, who argued Monday that even if the former national security adviser's allegations were true, they weren't sufficient to remove a president from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the news report prompted Democrats to demand that Bolton be called as a witness in the Senate trial. Democrats need to persuade at least four Republicans to defect from their party's leadership in order to support a subpoena of Bolton, a threshold that Sen. Mitt Romney, R-Utah, said on Monday appeared \"increasingly likely.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Republicans have floated the idea of a deal on witnesses: one that would include calling Hunter Biden to testify. But before the final day of Trump's defense began, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., dismissed that idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hunter Biden has nothing to do with the facts of this trial,\" he said at a news conference Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schumer insisted that senators should hear from the same four witnesses whom he has been pushing for since the start of the trial — Bolton; acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney; Robert Blair, a White House official; and Michael Duffey, an official at the Office of Management and Budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're not bargaining with them — four witnesses and four sets of documents,\" Schumer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also dismissed a proposal floated by GOP Sens. James Lankford and Lindsey Graham to allow senators to read Bolton's manuscript in the secure room in the Capitol, a room known as the \"SCIF.\" Schumer called this idea \"absurd.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a book,\" he said. \"There's no need for it to be read in the SCIF unless you want to hide something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's lawyers, who began their arguments Saturday, had 24 hours over three days to make their case — the same time given to the Democratic House impeachment managers who presented their arguments against the president last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House impeachment articles accuse Trump of abuse of power for asking Ukraine to announce investigations into his political rivals, allegedly using $391 million in vital security assistance to pressure the country into launching the probes. The House articles also charge obstruction of Congress for the White House's refusal to cooperate with impeachment investigators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Monday, Trump's defense team offered vastly different version of events, arguing that the president's freezing of military aid was done out of a legitimate concern over corruption in Ukraine, pointing out that the congressionally approved funding was eventually released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Herschmann, another Trump defense lawyer, maintained that the holdup in military aid was not as consequential as Democrats have portrayed it to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is absurd on its face. Not one American life was in jeopardy or lost by the short delay, and they know it,\" Herschmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Starr, who is defending Trump and who led the investigation into President Bill Clinton that triggered Clinton's impeachment, made the case that Trump's impeachment, the third in American history, shows that \"we are living in what aptly can be described as the age of impeachment,\" adding the process is \"filled with acrimony and divides the country like nothing else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump defense lawyer Pam Bondi, the former attorney general of Florida, also used Monday to attack the Biden family, playing a television interview with Hunter Biden answering questions about his time as a board member of the energy company Burisma when his father was vice president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither Joe Biden nor his son has been accused of any wrongdoing connected to Ukraine and Burisma. Yet Bondi cited news outlets that have covered the Bidens and the energy company before saying: \"They all thought there was cause to raise the issue about the Bidens and Burisma.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Added Bondi: \"The House managers might say, without evidence, that everything we just said has been debunked, that the evidence points entirely and unequivocally in the other direction. That is a distraction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrew Bates, a spokesman for Joe Biden, characterized Bondi's presentation as a \"conspiracy theory\" that has been \"conclusively refuted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"contributors-text\">\u003cem>NPR's Scott Detrow, Susan Davis and Claudia Grisales contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Lawyers+Ready+For+Final+Day+Of+President%27s+Impeachment+Defense+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell told Republicans during a closed-door meeting that he does not now have the votes to defeat Democrats' push for witnesses, but he is not declaring defeat.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 7:35 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell told closed-door group of Senate Republicans late Tuesday that he does not yet have the votes to stop Democrats from calling witnesses into the impeachment trial of President Trump, according to people familiar with the discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even as McConnell made the concession, the dynamic remains fluid. Whether Democrats' push for witnesses succeeds or falls should will come down to a group of moderate Republicans who have remained open but uncommitted to new witnesses since the start of the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans privately are confident that they can overcome Democratic subpoenas for new witnesses. Democrats need at least four Republicans to cross party lines and support new witnesses in order to meet the threshold for bringing new witnesses and evidence into the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'I think we've made our case. All you need in this case is the Constitution and your common sense.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pressure has been building on senators to hear from former National Security Adviser John Bolton, whom Democrats say has a first-hand account of Trump's dealing with Ukraine at the heart of the impeachment case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolton, who has a forthcoming book detailing his knowledge of the Ukraine pressure campaign, has said he is willing to share his side of the story with senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Trump's defense team has fought back, saying Bolton has nothing of value to offer senators, since they argue even if Bolton's account is true, it would not clear the bar of constituting an impeachable offense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Tuesday, President Trump's defense team completed its arguments against his removal from office in the Senate impeachment trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think we've made our case,\" White House counsel Pat Cipollone said. \"All you need in this case is the Constitution and your common sense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the two articles of impeachment passed last month by the House of Representatives — abuse of power and obstruction of Congress — \"fall far short of any constitutional standard and they are dangerous,\" a word he repeated several times in final remarks.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/r5iLZh1pwm0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/r5iLZh1pwm0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., said that starting Wednesday at 1 p.m. ET, senators will have a chance to submit written questions to the House impeachment managers and Trump's defense lawyers through U.S. Chief Justice John Roberts, with each party alternating. They will have a total of 16 hours over two days for questions. After the questions wrap up, senators will then take up whether to call witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday's proceedings concluded against the backdrop of a \u003cem>New York Times \u003c/em>report this week that cited the unpublished manuscript of a book being written by former national security adviser John Bolton about, among other things, his time in the Trump White House. Bolton writes, according to the newspaper, that Trump told him that he was withholding military aid to Ukraine until the government there began an investigation into political rivals, including former Vice President Joe Biden's and his son Hunter's activities. That allegation is at the heart of Trump's impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in an apparent reference to the manuscript, Trump attorney Jay Sekulow told senators Tuesday that impeachment \"is not a game of leaks and unsourced manuscripts.\" Most of the president's lawyers have steered clear of the Bolton report, except for Alan Dershowitz, who argued Monday that even if the former national security adviser's allegations were true, they weren't sufficient to remove a president from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the news report prompted Democrats to demand that Bolton be called as a witness in the Senate trial. Democrats need to persuade at least four Republicans to defect from their party's leadership in order to support a subpoena of Bolton, a threshold that Sen. Mitt Romney, R-Utah, said on Monday appeared \"increasingly likely.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Republicans have floated the idea of a deal on witnesses: one that would include calling Hunter Biden to testify. But before the final day of Trump's defense began, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., dismissed that idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hunter Biden has nothing to do with the facts of this trial,\" he said at a news conference Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schumer insisted that senators should hear from the same four witnesses whom he has been pushing for since the start of the trial — Bolton; acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney; Robert Blair, a White House official; and Michael Duffey, an official at the Office of Management and Budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're not bargaining with them — four witnesses and four sets of documents,\" Schumer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also dismissed a proposal floated by GOP Sens. James Lankford and Lindsey Graham to allow senators to read Bolton's manuscript in the secure room in the Capitol, a room known as the \"SCIF.\" Schumer called this idea \"absurd.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a book,\" he said. \"There's no need for it to be read in the SCIF unless you want to hide something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's lawyers, who began their arguments Saturday, had 24 hours over three days to make their case — the same time given to the Democratic House impeachment managers who presented their arguments against the president last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House impeachment articles accuse Trump of abuse of power for asking Ukraine to announce investigations into his political rivals, allegedly using $391 million in vital security assistance to pressure the country into launching the probes. The House articles also charge obstruction of Congress for the White House's refusal to cooperate with impeachment investigators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Monday, Trump's defense team offered vastly different version of events, arguing that the president's freezing of military aid was done out of a legitimate concern over corruption in Ukraine, pointing out that the congressionally approved funding was eventually released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Herschmann, another Trump defense lawyer, maintained that the holdup in military aid was not as consequential as Democrats have portrayed it to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is absurd on its face. Not one American life was in jeopardy or lost by the short delay, and they know it,\" Herschmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Starr, who is defending Trump and who led the investigation into President Bill Clinton that triggered Clinton's impeachment, made the case that Trump's impeachment, the third in American history, shows that \"we are living in what aptly can be described as the age of impeachment,\" adding the process is \"filled with acrimony and divides the country like nothing else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump defense lawyer Pam Bondi, the former attorney general of Florida, also used Monday to attack the Biden family, playing a television interview with Hunter Biden answering questions about his time as a board member of the energy company Burisma when his father was vice president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither Joe Biden nor his son has been accused of any wrongdoing connected to Ukraine and Burisma. Yet Bondi cited news outlets that have covered the Bidens and the energy company before saying: \"They all thought there was cause to raise the issue about the Bidens and Burisma.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Added Bondi: \"The House managers might say, without evidence, that everything we just said has been debunked, that the evidence points entirely and unequivocally in the other direction. That is a distraction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrew Bates, a spokesman for Joe Biden, characterized Bondi's presentation as a \"conspiracy theory\" that has been \"conclusively refuted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Donald Trump Leads Pack in Social Media Ad Spending for Election 2020",
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"content": "\u003cp>Maybe you’ve already noticed ads for presidential contenders on your social media feeds. Brace yourselves: you're going to see a lot more as election 2020 heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump is leading the pack, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.anotheracronym.org/fwiw-2020-dashboard/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Acronym\u003c/a>, a progressive nonprofit working with Democrats to improve their digital game. So far, Trump has spent more than $36 million on Google and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do those ads look like? Something like this one, on YouTube:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7dt8HNV_Ac]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]Unlike Facebook, which has said it won't fact check ads, Google has taken down hundreds of them for factual inaccuracies — albeit after they ran for awhile and Google got paid.[/pullquote]Only two Democratic presidential candidates are anywhere near matching Trump's spending, but they trail by a wide margin in polls: former New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, with $34 million spent on Google and Facebook, and billionaire philanthropist and activist Tom Steyer, who paid almost $24 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compare that to \u003ca href=\"https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2020-campaign-ads/#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">television\u003c/a>, where Bloomberg and Steyer substantially outpace spending by Trump and his allies. On both platforms, the other candidates fall far behind in terms of ad buys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11798394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM.png\" alt=\"2020 candidates total digital spending on Facebook and Google so far. (Source: Acronym)\" width=\"1710\" height=\"766\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM.png 1710w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM-160x72.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM-800x358.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM-1020x457.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">2020 candidates total digital spending on Facebook and Google so far. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Acronym)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But analysts say you can expect the field of play to change dramatically once the March primary determines who the Democratic contender will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Democrats have a different challenge right now,\" said Betsy Hoover, co-founder of \u003ca href=\"https://highergroundlabs.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Higher Ground Labs\u003c/a>, a political technology accelerator. \"That's just the reality of a crowded primary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Trump and his campaign have been running a general election campaign and advertising program essentially since he was inaugurated in 2017,\" said Tara McGowan, co-founder and CEO of Acronym. The group runs a political action committee that plans to spend $75 million on digital advertising to counter Trump’s early spending advantage in 2020 battleground states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/jack/status/1189634360472829952?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, every U.S. president with an eye to reelection has used the bully pulpit of his office to garner free advertising by generating news. Trump is no exception, but his capacity to use Twitter to generate conversation and controversy is unprecedented. That's despite the fact that the social media platform announced in October last year it would \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jack/status/1189634360472829952\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ban political ads\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision was relatively easy for Twitter to make since it doesn't get much of its money from political advertising. The story is different for Google and Facebook, both of which are built on advertising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='2020-election' label='Election 2020']Unlike Facebook, which has said it won't fact check ads, Google has \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qH-HwDThHkI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">taken down\u003c/a> hundreds of them for factual inaccuracies — albeit after they ran for awhile and Google got paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Google acknowledged public concern about platforms self-policing in an election in announcing it would limit microtargeting — meaning that political ads in the U.S. can only be targeted based on users’ age, gender and ZIP code as of Jan. 6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]President Trump has spent more than $36 million on Google and Facebook ads for his reelection campaign.[/pullquote]A number of analysts say limiting microtargeting will help to reduce the play of misleading ads because they'll reach a wider audience — full of people more likely to call out lies quickly. That's not the case with microtargeting. If you’re a liberal, you have to make an effort to find conservative ads, and the same goes for conservatives looking for liberal ads. Platform algorithms feed ads to viewers likely to find them appealing, or at least not offensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not everyone believes microtargeting is an unmitigated evil, which is how Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2020/01/political-ads/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">defends its decision to allow for it\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Unlike Google, we have chosen not to limit targeting of these ads. We considered doing so, but through extensive outreach and consultations we heard about the importance of these tools for reaching key audiences from a wide range of NGOs, nonprofits, political groups and campaigns, including both Republican and Democratic committees in the U.S.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\"There's no dark arts,\" said McGowan of Acronym, which also registers voters. \"We have the same talent and strategies on our side. The issue is really resources and time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Maybe you’ve already noticed ads for presidential contenders on your social media feeds. Brace yourselves: you're going to see a lot more as election 2020 heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump is leading the pack, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.anotheracronym.org/fwiw-2020-dashboard/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Acronym\u003c/a>, a progressive nonprofit working with Democrats to improve their digital game. So far, Trump has spent more than $36 million on Google and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do those ads look like? Something like this one, on YouTube:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/C7dt8HNV_Ac'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/C7dt8HNV_Ac'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "Unlike Facebook, which has said it won't fact check ads, Google has taken down hundreds of them for factual inaccuracies — albeit after they ran for awhile and Google got paid.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Only two Democratic presidential candidates are anywhere near matching Trump's spending, but they trail by a wide margin in polls: former New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, with $34 million spent on Google and Facebook, and billionaire philanthropist and activist Tom Steyer, who paid almost $24 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compare that to \u003ca href=\"https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2020-campaign-ads/#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">television\u003c/a>, where Bloomberg and Steyer substantially outpace spending by Trump and his allies. On both platforms, the other candidates fall far behind in terms of ad buys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11798394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM.png\" alt=\"2020 candidates total digital spending on Facebook and Google so far. (Source: Acronym)\" width=\"1710\" height=\"766\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM.png 1710w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM-160x72.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM-800x358.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-27-at-6.30.19-PM-1020x457.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">2020 candidates total digital spending on Facebook and Google so far. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Acronym)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But analysts say you can expect the field of play to change dramatically once the March primary determines who the Democratic contender will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Democrats have a different challenge right now,\" said Betsy Hoover, co-founder of \u003ca href=\"https://highergroundlabs.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Higher Ground Labs\u003c/a>, a political technology accelerator. \"That's just the reality of a crowded primary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Trump and his campaign have been running a general election campaign and advertising program essentially since he was inaugurated in 2017,\" said Tara McGowan, co-founder and CEO of Acronym. The group runs a political action committee that plans to spend $75 million on digital advertising to counter Trump’s early spending advantage in 2020 battleground states.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>That said, every U.S. president with an eye to reelection has used the bully pulpit of his office to garner free advertising by generating news. Trump is no exception, but his capacity to use Twitter to generate conversation and controversy is unprecedented. That's despite the fact that the social media platform announced in October last year it would \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jack/status/1189634360472829952\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ban political ads\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision was relatively easy for Twitter to make since it doesn't get much of its money from political advertising. The story is different for Google and Facebook, both of which are built on advertising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Unlike Facebook, which has said it won't fact check ads, Google has \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qH-HwDThHkI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">taken down\u003c/a> hundreds of them for factual inaccuracies — albeit after they ran for awhile and Google got paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Google acknowledged public concern about platforms self-policing in an election in announcing it would limit microtargeting — meaning that political ads in the U.S. can only be targeted based on users’ age, gender and ZIP code as of Jan. 6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "President Trump has spent more than $36 million on Google and Facebook ads for his reelection campaign.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A number of analysts say limiting microtargeting will help to reduce the play of misleading ads because they'll reach a wider audience — full of people more likely to call out lies quickly. That's not the case with microtargeting. If you’re a liberal, you have to make an effort to find conservative ads, and the same goes for conservatives looking for liberal ads. Platform algorithms feed ads to viewers likely to find them appealing, or at least not offensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not everyone believes microtargeting is an unmitigated evil, which is how Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2020/01/political-ads/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">defends its decision to allow for it\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Unlike Google, we have chosen not to limit targeting of these ads. We considered doing so, but through extensive outreach and consultations we heard about the importance of these tools for reaching key audiences from a wide range of NGOs, nonprofits, political groups and campaigns, including both Republican and Democratic committees in the U.S.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\"There's no dark arts,\" said McGowan of Acronym, which also registers voters. \"We have the same talent and strategies on our side. The issue is really resources and time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump Defense: 'Nothing in the Bolton Revelations' Rises to the Level of Impeachment",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 9:15 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As President Trump's legal team pressed the case for acquittal on Monday, they repeatedly made two points: the charges against Trump do not meet the constitution's criteria for impeachment. And if the president is removed from office for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress, it will set a \"dangerous\" precedent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You cannot turn conduct that is not impeachable into impeachable conduct simply by using words like quid pro quo,\" said one of Trump's lawyers, Alan Dershowitz, calling the charges \"vague, indefinable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Said Dershowitz on the impeachment charges sent to the Senate by House Democrats: \"This is a realistic threat to all future presidents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's lawyers maintain that the president was legally justified in freezing military assistance to Ukraine and that the case against Trump presented by Democrats in the Senate last week does not constitute a crime and thus cannot trigger removal from office, a notion that has received strenuous skepticism from legal scholars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most impeachment trial watchers on Monday, however, were following a major development that occurred outside of the Senate chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside id=\"ad-backstage-wrap\" aria-label=\"advertisement\">\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/26/us/politics/trump-bolton-book-ukraine.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> in \u003cem>The New York Times \u003c/em>about the alleged conversation between Trump and former National Security Adviser John Bolton — contained in a draft of the former national security adviser's book manuscript — shifted the focus to whether senators would vote to call witnesses, including Bolton, as part of the proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report was based on Bolton's forthcoming book, a draft of which had been sent to the White House as part of a standard review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As speculation grew about whether Republicans would support calling Bolton, Dershowitz referenced the former top Trump official and dismissed the portions of his yet-to-be-published book that have grabbed the headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nothing in the Bolton revelations, even if true, would rise to the level of an abuse of power or an impeachable offense,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Republican senators, Mitt Romney of Utah and Susan Collins of Maine, said Monday that the revelations about Bolton's book have made it more likely that senators will want to call Bolton to testify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's increasingly likely that other Republicans will join those of us who think we should hear from John Bolton,\" Romney said, noting that he would make his final decision on the issue after hearing from Trump's defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenatorCollins/status/1221822472292634625?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> tweeted\u003c/a> that the reports about Bolton's book \"strengthen the case for witnesses and have prompted a number of conversations among my colleagues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two others who are seen as more open to calling witnesses — Sens. Lisa Murkowski of Alaska and Lamar Alexander of Tennessee — were tight-lipped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexander said senators will decide \"to call witnesses or other documents if we needed them after we hear all the arguments.\" Murkowski said in a tweet that while she was \"curious\" about what Bolton had to say, there is \"an appropriate time for us to evaluate whether we need additional information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jay Sekulow, Trump's personal attorney, argued that the president \"was at all times\" acting under his constitutional and legal authority by withholding aid to Ukraine, saying that Trump's impeachment is about \"deep policy concerns.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Starr, the former independent counsel who led the impeachment efforts against President Bill Clinton in 1998 and is now part of Trump's defense team, began his arguments by reciting a history of impeachment and declared, \"Like war, impeachment is hell.\" He said, \"It divides the country like nothing else. Those of us who lived through the Clinton impeachment understand that in a deep and personal way. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starr went on to accuse the House of abusing its power by approving article 2, which charges that Trump obstructed Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here, we have, tragically for the country and, I believe, tragically for the House of Representatives, in article 2 of these impeachment articles, a runaway House,\" Starr said. \"It has run away not only from its long-standing procedures — it has run away from the Constitution's demand of fundamental fairness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another of Trump's attorneys, Jane Raskin, spoke to defend Rudy Giuliani, Trump lawyer who was painted by the House managers as leading a rogue foreign policy operation by pursuing information against former Vice President Joe Biden and his son, as well as pressuring to remove former U.S. Ambassador to Ukraine Marie Yovanovitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giuliani, said Raskin, was the House's \"colorful distraction,\" and, \"a shiny object designed to distract you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the \"House managers may not like his style, you may not like his style. But one might argue, that he is everything that Clarence Darrow said a defense lawyer must be, outrageous, irreverent, blasphemous, a rogue, a renegade.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later in the afternoon, Trump attorney Pam Bondi, a former Florida attorney general, rose to attack former Vice President Biden and his son Hunter's dealings in Ukraine. The younger Biden was hired to sit on the board of a Ukrainian gas company Burisma at the same time his father was the Obama administration's point man in fighting corruption there. In the infamous July 25th phone call, Trump asked Ukraine's president to \"do us a favor, though\" and investigate the Bidens. The first article of impeachment charges Trump with abusing the power of his office by asking for the investigation in return for releasing nearly $400 million in military aid to Ukraine. Trump denies any such link was made, though Bolton's book appears to undercut that assertion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bondi said the younger Biden was paid $83,000 a month to sit on the Burisma board, and played a news clip in which Hunter was asked if would have been hired by the firm if his last name wasn't Biden. \"I don't know, I don't know, he responded. Probably not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Push for Witnesses\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Over three days of arguments last week, House impeachment managers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/24/799426878/trump-impeachment-recap-dems-wrap-with-exhortation-to-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">outlined their case\u003c/a> that Trump enlisted a foreign power to help him cheat in the 2020 election and then has tried to cover it up. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/18/797600385/read-the-impeachment-managers-response-to-the-senate-impeachment-trial-summons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">They've said\u003c/a> that the president's conduct is the \"worst nightmare\" of the nation's Framers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's legal team is facing a mostly sympathetic group of jurors in the Republican-controlled Senate. An acquittal on the two articles of impeachment is all but guaranteed, since the Democratic caucus would need 20 GOP members' support to have the two-thirds majority needed to convict and remove the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More up in the air, however, is whether Democrats will be able to recruit enough Republicans to call witnesses for the trial. That vote has a lower threshold than the one required to remove the president from office. At least four GOP senators would have to cross party lines to call witnesses or subpoena documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In light of the \u003cem>Times'\u003c/em> report on Sunday, Democrats were quick to reiterate that Bolton should testify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said Monday that the revelations should remove the GOP resistance against witnesses. He said details in the book provide \"further evidence that a large number of people were in the loop\" on Trump's alleged pressure campaign on Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schumer said there seems to be a \"giant cover-up\" within the White House and added that if Republicans don't vote to call witnesses, including Bolton, \"they are going to be part of the cover-up too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Angus King, I-Maine, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/27/800158076/independent-sen-angus-king-reflects-on-bolton-bombshell\">told NPR\u003c/a> on Monday that up to 10 Republican senators could vote for witnesses following the \u003cem>Times' \u003c/em>report about the Bolton manuscript.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm already hearing a number of Republicans who are moving toward voting to at least hear from John Bolton, if not other witnesses,\" he said. When asked if four Republicans would vote for witnesses, he said: \"I think there'll be more. My bold prediction will be five or 10.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., the lead impeachment manager, linked testimony from Bolton to the very notion of a fair trial. \"To say we will blind ourselves from a witness who has so clearly relevant testimony to one of the central most serious allegations against the president — I don't see how we can have a fair trial without testimony like that,\" he told reporters on Monday before the White House lawyers continued their arguments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats had asked Bolton to testify during the impeachment inquiry but did not issue him a subpoena. The White House had ordered senior officials to not testify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any vote on witnesses and new evidence would come after the defense team rests (it has up to 24 hours over three days) and after senators have a chance to ask questions in writing of both House prosecutors and Trump's legal team. The questions will be read out loud by Chief Justice John Roberts, who's presiding over the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Bolton's Manuscript\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>NPR has not seen a draft of the manuscript and cannot vouch for the accuracy of the report on Trump's comments to the former national security adviser. A spokesman for the National Security Council said no one at the White House other than people at the NSC had reviewed Bolton's book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ambassador Bolton's manuscript was submitted to the NSC for pre-publication review and has been under initial review by the NSC,\" NSC spokesman John Ullyot said in a statement. \"No White House personnel outside NSC have reviewed the manuscript.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump denied Bolton's account in a series of tweets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I NEVER told John Bolton that the aid to Ukraine was tied to investigations into Democrats, including the Bidens,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1221663763138588672\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he said\u003c/a>. \"If John Bolton said this,\" Trump continued, \"it was only to sell a book.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1221663763138588672?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The military assistance and the desired investigations are at the heart of the impeachment proceedings. Democrats say Trump's actions constitute a clear case of abuse of power, with Trump placing his personal interests over the country's. The legal team representing Trump in the Senate trial argues that the president had justifiable concern about corruption in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aid was ultimately released without the inquiries.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Constitutional Standard\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for the president \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/25/799535269/trump-impeachment-recap-white-house-team-vows-to-deflate-dems-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">offered a brief glimpse\u003c/a> of their defense Saturday, minimizing the evidence House investigators gathered before the Democratic-led chamber impeached Trump for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Cipollone, the White House counsel, claimed Democrats' push to remove Trump from office is aimed at overturning the result of the 2016 election and \"tearing up [voters'] ballots\" months before the 2020 election.\u003cbr>\n[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, Alan Dershowitz, another member of the defense team, said on \u003cem>Fox News Sunday\u003c/em> that the Democratic-led prosecution does not have a case that passes constitutional muster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They completely failed to meet that high constitutional standard, and therefore it would be unconstitutional to remove a president based on the allegations that were made against him,\" Dershowitz said. \"They imposed very stringent criteria for impeachment that haven't been met in this case,\" citing the Founders' standard for impeachment, which is \"treason, bribery and other high crimes and misdemeanors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, the House passed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/10/786579846/read-articles-of-impeachment-against-president-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">two articles of impeachment\u003c/a> against Trump: abuse of power and obstruction of Congress. The vote for impeachment followed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/28/771287237/trump-impeachment-inquiry-a-guide-to-key-people-facts-and-documents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hours of testimony\u003c/a>, in private and in public, with more than a dozen witnesses during the House impeachment inquiry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's legal team is also expected to take aim at the president's potential political opponent, Joe Biden, and his son Hunter, making the case that Trump had good reason to want Ukrainian investigators to launch criminal probes into \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/24/763502822/what-were-the-bidens-doing-in-ukraine-5-questions-answered\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the activities of the Bidens in Ukraine\u003c/a>. (While Joe Biden was vice president, Hunter Biden took a position as board member of a gas company in Ukraine.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full-throated defense of Trump comes after the nonpartisan Government Accountability Office declared that the president \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/16/796806517/trump-broke-the-law-in-freezing-ukraine-funds-watchdog-report-concludes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">broke the law\u003c/a> in ordering a hold on nearly $400 million in security assistance to Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the Trump administration refused to participate in the House impeachment inquiry, the president's defense in the Senate is the first time Trump's team will present a lengthy rebuttal to the charges against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Roberta Rampton and Deirdre Walsh contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=What+To+Watch+For+As+Trump%27s+Legal+Team+Resumes+Its+Impeachment+Defense&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Trump's lawyers finished their presentation Monday night, dismissing the need for additional witnesses and saying former National Security Adviser John Bolton's testimony is not needed.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 9:15 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As President Trump's legal team pressed the case for acquittal on Monday, they repeatedly made two points: the charges against Trump do not meet the constitution's criteria for impeachment. And if the president is removed from office for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress, it will set a \"dangerous\" precedent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You cannot turn conduct that is not impeachable into impeachable conduct simply by using words like quid pro quo,\" said one of Trump's lawyers, Alan Dershowitz, calling the charges \"vague, indefinable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Said Dershowitz on the impeachment charges sent to the Senate by House Democrats: \"This is a realistic threat to all future presidents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's lawyers maintain that the president was legally justified in freezing military assistance to Ukraine and that the case against Trump presented by Democrats in the Senate last week does not constitute a crime and thus cannot trigger removal from office, a notion that has received strenuous skepticism from legal scholars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most impeachment trial watchers on Monday, however, were following a major development that occurred outside of the Senate chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside id=\"ad-backstage-wrap\" aria-label=\"advertisement\">\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/26/us/politics/trump-bolton-book-ukraine.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> in \u003cem>The New York Times \u003c/em>about the alleged conversation between Trump and former National Security Adviser John Bolton — contained in a draft of the former national security adviser's book manuscript — shifted the focus to whether senators would vote to call witnesses, including Bolton, as part of the proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report was based on Bolton's forthcoming book, a draft of which had been sent to the White House as part of a standard review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As speculation grew about whether Republicans would support calling Bolton, Dershowitz referenced the former top Trump official and dismissed the portions of his yet-to-be-published book that have grabbed the headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nothing in the Bolton revelations, even if true, would rise to the level of an abuse of power or an impeachable offense,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Republican senators, Mitt Romney of Utah and Susan Collins of Maine, said Monday that the revelations about Bolton's book have made it more likely that senators will want to call Bolton to testify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's increasingly likely that other Republicans will join those of us who think we should hear from John Bolton,\" Romney said, noting that he would make his final decision on the issue after hearing from Trump's defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenatorCollins/status/1221822472292634625?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> tweeted\u003c/a> that the reports about Bolton's book \"strengthen the case for witnesses and have prompted a number of conversations among my colleagues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two others who are seen as more open to calling witnesses — Sens. Lisa Murkowski of Alaska and Lamar Alexander of Tennessee — were tight-lipped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexander said senators will decide \"to call witnesses or other documents if we needed them after we hear all the arguments.\" Murkowski said in a tweet that while she was \"curious\" about what Bolton had to say, there is \"an appropriate time for us to evaluate whether we need additional information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jay Sekulow, Trump's personal attorney, argued that the president \"was at all times\" acting under his constitutional and legal authority by withholding aid to Ukraine, saying that Trump's impeachment is about \"deep policy concerns.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Starr, the former independent counsel who led the impeachment efforts against President Bill Clinton in 1998 and is now part of Trump's defense team, began his arguments by reciting a history of impeachment and declared, \"Like war, impeachment is hell.\" He said, \"It divides the country like nothing else. Those of us who lived through the Clinton impeachment understand that in a deep and personal way. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starr went on to accuse the House of abusing its power by approving article 2, which charges that Trump obstructed Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here, we have, tragically for the country and, I believe, tragically for the House of Representatives, in article 2 of these impeachment articles, a runaway House,\" Starr said. \"It has run away not only from its long-standing procedures — it has run away from the Constitution's demand of fundamental fairness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another of Trump's attorneys, Jane Raskin, spoke to defend Rudy Giuliani, Trump lawyer who was painted by the House managers as leading a rogue foreign policy operation by pursuing information against former Vice President Joe Biden and his son, as well as pressuring to remove former U.S. Ambassador to Ukraine Marie Yovanovitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giuliani, said Raskin, was the House's \"colorful distraction,\" and, \"a shiny object designed to distract you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the \"House managers may not like his style, you may not like his style. But one might argue, that he is everything that Clarence Darrow said a defense lawyer must be, outrageous, irreverent, blasphemous, a rogue, a renegade.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later in the afternoon, Trump attorney Pam Bondi, a former Florida attorney general, rose to attack former Vice President Biden and his son Hunter's dealings in Ukraine. The younger Biden was hired to sit on the board of a Ukrainian gas company Burisma at the same time his father was the Obama administration's point man in fighting corruption there. In the infamous July 25th phone call, Trump asked Ukraine's president to \"do us a favor, though\" and investigate the Bidens. The first article of impeachment charges Trump with abusing the power of his office by asking for the investigation in return for releasing nearly $400 million in military aid to Ukraine. Trump denies any such link was made, though Bolton's book appears to undercut that assertion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bondi said the younger Biden was paid $83,000 a month to sit on the Burisma board, and played a news clip in which Hunter was asked if would have been hired by the firm if his last name wasn't Biden. \"I don't know, I don't know, he responded. Probably not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Push for Witnesses\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Over three days of arguments last week, House impeachment managers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/24/799426878/trump-impeachment-recap-dems-wrap-with-exhortation-to-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">outlined their case\u003c/a> that Trump enlisted a foreign power to help him cheat in the 2020 election and then has tried to cover it up. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/18/797600385/read-the-impeachment-managers-response-to-the-senate-impeachment-trial-summons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">They've said\u003c/a> that the president's conduct is the \"worst nightmare\" of the nation's Framers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's legal team is facing a mostly sympathetic group of jurors in the Republican-controlled Senate. An acquittal on the two articles of impeachment is all but guaranteed, since the Democratic caucus would need 20 GOP members' support to have the two-thirds majority needed to convict and remove the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More up in the air, however, is whether Democrats will be able to recruit enough Republicans to call witnesses for the trial. That vote has a lower threshold than the one required to remove the president from office. At least four GOP senators would have to cross party lines to call witnesses or subpoena documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In light of the \u003cem>Times'\u003c/em> report on Sunday, Democrats were quick to reiterate that Bolton should testify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said Monday that the revelations should remove the GOP resistance against witnesses. He said details in the book provide \"further evidence that a large number of people were in the loop\" on Trump's alleged pressure campaign on Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schumer said there seems to be a \"giant cover-up\" within the White House and added that if Republicans don't vote to call witnesses, including Bolton, \"they are going to be part of the cover-up too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Angus King, I-Maine, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/27/800158076/independent-sen-angus-king-reflects-on-bolton-bombshell\">told NPR\u003c/a> on Monday that up to 10 Republican senators could vote for witnesses following the \u003cem>Times' \u003c/em>report about the Bolton manuscript.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm already hearing a number of Republicans who are moving toward voting to at least hear from John Bolton, if not other witnesses,\" he said. When asked if four Republicans would vote for witnesses, he said: \"I think there'll be more. My bold prediction will be five or 10.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., the lead impeachment manager, linked testimony from Bolton to the very notion of a fair trial. \"To say we will blind ourselves from a witness who has so clearly relevant testimony to one of the central most serious allegations against the president — I don't see how we can have a fair trial without testimony like that,\" he told reporters on Monday before the White House lawyers continued their arguments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats had asked Bolton to testify during the impeachment inquiry but did not issue him a subpoena. The White House had ordered senior officials to not testify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any vote on witnesses and new evidence would come after the defense team rests (it has up to 24 hours over three days) and after senators have a chance to ask questions in writing of both House prosecutors and Trump's legal team. The questions will be read out loud by Chief Justice John Roberts, who's presiding over the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Bolton's Manuscript\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>NPR has not seen a draft of the manuscript and cannot vouch for the accuracy of the report on Trump's comments to the former national security adviser. A spokesman for the National Security Council said no one at the White House other than people at the NSC had reviewed Bolton's book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ambassador Bolton's manuscript was submitted to the NSC for pre-publication review and has been under initial review by the NSC,\" NSC spokesman John Ullyot said in a statement. \"No White House personnel outside NSC have reviewed the manuscript.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump denied Bolton's account in a series of tweets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I NEVER told John Bolton that the aid to Ukraine was tied to investigations into Democrats, including the Bidens,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1221663763138588672\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he said\u003c/a>. \"If John Bolton said this,\" Trump continued, \"it was only to sell a book.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The military assistance and the desired investigations are at the heart of the impeachment proceedings. Democrats say Trump's actions constitute a clear case of abuse of power, with Trump placing his personal interests over the country's. The legal team representing Trump in the Senate trial argues that the president had justifiable concern about corruption in Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aid was ultimately released without the inquiries.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Constitutional Standard\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for the president \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/25/799535269/trump-impeachment-recap-white-house-team-vows-to-deflate-dems-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">offered a brief glimpse\u003c/a> of their defense Saturday, minimizing the evidence House investigators gathered before the Democratic-led chamber impeached Trump for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Cipollone, the White House counsel, claimed Democrats' push to remove Trump from office is aimed at overturning the result of the 2016 election and \"tearing up [voters'] ballots\" months before the 2020 election.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, Alan Dershowitz, another member of the defense team, said on \u003cem>Fox News Sunday\u003c/em> that the Democratic-led prosecution does not have a case that passes constitutional muster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They completely failed to meet that high constitutional standard, and therefore it would be unconstitutional to remove a president based on the allegations that were made against him,\" Dershowitz said. \"They imposed very stringent criteria for impeachment that haven't been met in this case,\" citing the Founders' standard for impeachment, which is \"treason, bribery and other high crimes and misdemeanors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, the House passed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/10/786579846/read-articles-of-impeachment-against-president-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">two articles of impeachment\u003c/a> against Trump: abuse of power and obstruction of Congress. The vote for impeachment followed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/28/771287237/trump-impeachment-inquiry-a-guide-to-key-people-facts-and-documents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hours of testimony\u003c/a>, in private and in public, with more than a dozen witnesses during the House impeachment inquiry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's legal team is also expected to take aim at the president's potential political opponent, Joe Biden, and his son Hunter, making the case that Trump had good reason to want Ukrainian investigators to launch criminal probes into \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/24/763502822/what-were-the-bidens-doing-in-ukraine-5-questions-answered\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the activities of the Bidens in Ukraine\u003c/a>. (While Joe Biden was vice president, Hunter Biden took a position as board member of a gas company in Ukraine.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full-throated defense of Trump comes after the nonpartisan Government Accountability Office declared that the president \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/16/796806517/trump-broke-the-law-in-freezing-ukraine-funds-watchdog-report-concludes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">broke the law\u003c/a> in ordering a hold on nearly $400 million in security assistance to Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the Trump administration refused to participate in the House impeachment inquiry, the president's defense in the Senate is the first time Trump's team will present a lengthy rebuttal to the charges against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Roberta Rampton and Deirdre Walsh contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=What+To+Watch+For+As+Trump%27s+Legal+Team+Resumes+Its+Impeachment+Defense&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Thousands took to downtown San Francisco on Saturday for an anti-abortion march, just one day after President Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11797736/trump-administration-threatens-california-over-insurance-abortion-mandate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">threatened to withhold funds\u003c/a> from the state over requirements that insurance plans cover abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event began with the National Anthem followed by a prayer. Attendees held signs saying, “Vote Life” and “Abortion Hurts Women” as they marched through downtown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://marchforlife.org/timeline-of-mfl-events/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first event of this kind\u003c/a> took place in Washington D.C. in 1974, one year after the Supreme Court decided \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/cases/1971/70-18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roe vs. Wade\u003c/a> — the ruling that affirmed women’s legal right to have an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar rally was held at the National Mall on Friday, where President Donald Trump became the first sitting president to speak during the march.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unborn children have never had a stronger defender in the White House,” Trump told the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798053\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798053\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_0373-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marilyn Hicks, 73, has attended San Francisco’s annual anti-abortion rally for over 15 years. \u003ccite>(Holly McDede/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marilyn Hicks, 73, is a retired nurse from Murphys, California. She said she supports the president because of his stance on abortion, even if she disagrees with his conduct online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that our Lord gives everyone the opportunity to repent of whatever sin they’ve committed. I don’t judge where they are in their walk,” said Hicks. “But he’s very pro-life, and he’s done a great deal for our nation as far as pro-life and religious rights. So I’ll vote for him. I think it is our biggest issue today. We have to reverse Roe vs. Wade in order to renew our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many at the rally said they cast their ballots based on the candidate’s stance on abortion. White evangelicals and conservative Christians remain among Trump’s most loyal backers, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/8d3eb99934accc2ad795aca0183290a7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AP-NORC Poll\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_0372-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hervey Ibarra traveled to the Walk for Life march from Sparks, Nevada with members of his church. \u003ccite>(Holly McDede/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t vote for life, then I don’t vote for them,” said Hervey Ibarra, a resident of Sparks, Nevada who came with more than 50 people from his local church. “I was very proud of what the president was saying,” he said, referring to the rally in Washington. “He’s talking about this, while other people seem like they don’t want to take up the subject.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others at the rally argued that the president’s voice isn’t needed on this issue. What is needed, instead, is more women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798054\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798054\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_0374-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right: Nitza Alvarez, Chiedza Prickisie, Carla Martinez at the Walk For Life rally as it kicks off at Civic Center Plaza. \u003ccite>(Holly McDede/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If more women were involved in making decisions for women, it would make it easier,” said 17-year old Chiedza Prickisie. “You can’t say, ‘Donald Trump, do you know the consequences of abortion?’ [Men] don’t know anything to do with a woman’s body.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While abortion is sometimes considered a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/2019/4/10/18295513/abortion-2020-roe-joe-biden-democrats-republicans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">single-issue\u003c/a>” for voters, some at the rally cautioned throwing support behind a single candidate because of their stance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people who are self-professed pro-lifers can have really controversial opinions about race, sex and religion. For me, it would be irresponsible to choose a candidate who was just pro-life, period,” said retired childcare provider Maria Delfino. “If he is the one who does his tweets, I wouldn’t vote for him. He’s leading the country. We need someone who has firmly established moral and ethics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798055\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798055\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_0382-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anti-abortion attendees gather at Civic Center before the march down Market Street. \u003ccite>(Holly McDede/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Thousands took to downtown San Francisco on Saturday for an anti-abortion march, just one day after President Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11797736/trump-administration-threatens-california-over-insurance-abortion-mandate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">threatened to withhold funds\u003c/a> from the state over requirements that insurance plans cover abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event began with the National Anthem followed by a prayer. Attendees held signs saying, “Vote Life” and “Abortion Hurts Women” as they marched through downtown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://marchforlife.org/timeline-of-mfl-events/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first event of this kind\u003c/a> took place in Washington D.C. in 1974, one year after the Supreme Court decided \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/cases/1971/70-18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roe vs. Wade\u003c/a> — the ruling that affirmed women’s legal right to have an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar rally was held at the National Mall on Friday, where President Donald Trump became the first sitting president to speak during the march.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unborn children have never had a stronger defender in the White House,” Trump told the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798053\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798053\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_0373-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marilyn Hicks, 73, has attended San Francisco’s annual anti-abortion rally for over 15 years. \u003ccite>(Holly McDede/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marilyn Hicks, 73, is a retired nurse from Murphys, California. She said she supports the president because of his stance on abortion, even if she disagrees with his conduct online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that our Lord gives everyone the opportunity to repent of whatever sin they’ve committed. I don’t judge where they are in their walk,” said Hicks. “But he’s very pro-life, and he’s done a great deal for our nation as far as pro-life and religious rights. So I’ll vote for him. I think it is our biggest issue today. We have to reverse Roe vs. Wade in order to renew our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many at the rally said they cast their ballots based on the candidate’s stance on abortion. White evangelicals and conservative Christians remain among Trump’s most loyal backers, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/8d3eb99934accc2ad795aca0183290a7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AP-NORC Poll\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_0372-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hervey Ibarra traveled to the Walk for Life march from Sparks, Nevada with members of his church. \u003ccite>(Holly McDede/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t vote for life, then I don’t vote for them,” said Hervey Ibarra, a resident of Sparks, Nevada who came with more than 50 people from his local church. “I was very proud of what the president was saying,” he said, referring to the rally in Washington. “He’s talking about this, while other people seem like they don’t want to take up the subject.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others at the rally argued that the president’s voice isn’t needed on this issue. What is needed, instead, is more women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798054\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798054\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_0374-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right: Nitza Alvarez, Chiedza Prickisie, Carla Martinez at the Walk For Life rally as it kicks off at Civic Center Plaza. \u003ccite>(Holly McDede/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If more women were involved in making decisions for women, it would make it easier,” said 17-year old Chiedza Prickisie. “You can’t say, ‘Donald Trump, do you know the consequences of abortion?’ [Men] don’t know anything to do with a woman’s body.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While abortion is sometimes considered a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/2019/4/10/18295513/abortion-2020-roe-joe-biden-democrats-republicans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">single-issue\u003c/a>” for voters, some at the rally cautioned throwing support behind a single candidate because of their stance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people who are self-professed pro-lifers can have really controversial opinions about race, sex and religion. For me, it would be irresponsible to choose a candidate who was just pro-life, period,” said retired childcare provider Maria Delfino. “If he is the one who does his tweets, I wouldn’t vote for him. He’s leading the country. We need someone who has firmly established moral and ethics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11798055\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11798055\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/IMG_0382-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anti-abortion attendees gather at Civic Center before the march down Market Street. \u003ccite>(Holly McDede/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 1:32 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump “did absolutely nothing wrong,” White House counsel Pat Cipollone said Saturday, as lawyers representing the president got their first shot to poke holes in the impeachment case made this week by Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday’s proceedings, which lasted a little more than two hours, set up the White House arguments \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/28/771287237/trump-impeachment-inquiry-a-guide-to-key-people-facts-and-documents\">in the impeachment trial\u003c/a>. The proceedings resume Monday at 1 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s team told senators that the House managers selectively withheld evidence in their arguments against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cipollone said the Democratic House managers,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/24/797320957/democrats-to-hold-final-day-of-arguments-before-trumps-team-takes-the-stage\"> who concluded their arguments late Friday\u003c/a> after 24 hours spread over three days, “are asking you to remove President Trump” from the 2020 ballot and “they’re asking you to do it with no evidence.” He said the managers “didn’t tell you” that the issue of burden sharing — getting other nations to contribute more to Ukraine’s defense — was discussed in the July 25 call between Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy. That call is at the heart of the charges against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deputy White House counsel Mike Purpura continued that theme, reiterating that House managers “didn’t tell you” that top Ukrainian officials were unaware that U.S. aid was being withheld from Ukraine until a \u003cem>Politico \u003c/em>article in late August. However, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Laura Cooper testified during the House impeachment inquiry in November that Ukrainian officials asked in July: “What is going on” with the security assistance?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the session, both sides claimed the advantage. Sen. Joni Ernst, R-Iowa, said the president’s defense team “entirely shredded” the Democratic managers’ case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif, the lead House manager, said Trump’s lawyers failed “to contest the basic architecture of the scheme,” that the president pressured Ukraine by withholding military aid in order to get Zelenskiy to investigate the Bidens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='impeachment' label='Related Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said that there were “gaping holes” in the president’s lawyers’ case and that they inadvertently bolstered Democrats’ arguments that the Senate should call witnesses, including acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps because of the brevity of the Saturday session, there was unusual camaraderie at its close. Cipollone and Jay Sekulow, Trump’s personal attorney, worked the room, with some senators coming up to shake their hands as they stood up from their table after the close. They later went to some members’ desks to visit. Sen. John Kennedy, R-La., was first in line to shake Cipollone’s and Sekulow’s hands, followed by Sen. Pat Roberts, R-Kan. The camaraderie was bipartisan. Sen. Tim Kaine, D-Va., was also among those greeting the president’s lawyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Representatives impeached Trump last month on charges that he obstructed Congress and abused power, saying he tried to pressure the Ukrainian president to investigate Trump’s political rivals during the July phone call. The president and his defenders have dismissed the process as a sham and refused to participate in the House proceedings. Saturday was the first time Trump’s lawyers responded in person to the charges against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The presentation was expected to set the stage for the “coming attractions,” as Sekulow described it Friday, for the trial when it resumes Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes discussing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/22/781589327/bosses-of-fusion-gps-tell-the-inside-story-of-the-steele-dossier\">the Steele dossier\u003c/a>, a report of unverified information on the Trump campaign compiled by a former British spy, and efforts made by Hillary Clinton’s campaign to dig up dirt on Trump leading up to the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sekulow also tried to argue, as many Republicans have over the course of the impeachment proceedings, that Clinton solicited foreign interference by Ukraine in the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American intelligence agencies have been unanimous in their assessment that it was Russia that interfered in the last presidential race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another of Trump’s defense attorneys, Alan Dershowitz, told NPR’s David Folkenflik that he would focus his arguments on what he sees as “nonimpeachable offenses” brought forward by the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They charged him with nonimpeachable offenses: namely obstruction of Congress and abuse of power,” Dershowitz said. “Those would have clearly been rejected by the framers as too broad, too open-ended and not sufficiently specific. So I’m going to focus my argument on the criteria used by the House.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have largely stood by the president throughout the week, and because they hold a majority in the Senate, it remains unlikely that Trump will be removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 1:32 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump “did absolutely nothing wrong,” White House counsel Pat Cipollone said Saturday, as lawyers representing the president got their first shot to poke holes in the impeachment case made this week by Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday’s proceedings, which lasted a little more than two hours, set up the White House arguments \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/28/771287237/trump-impeachment-inquiry-a-guide-to-key-people-facts-and-documents\">in the impeachment trial\u003c/a>. The proceedings resume Monday at 1 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s team told senators that the House managers selectively withheld evidence in their arguments against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cipollone said the Democratic House managers,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/24/797320957/democrats-to-hold-final-day-of-arguments-before-trumps-team-takes-the-stage\"> who concluded their arguments late Friday\u003c/a> after 24 hours spread over three days, “are asking you to remove President Trump” from the 2020 ballot and “they’re asking you to do it with no evidence.” He said the managers “didn’t tell you” that the issue of burden sharing — getting other nations to contribute more to Ukraine’s defense — was discussed in the July 25 call between Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy. That call is at the heart of the charges against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deputy White House counsel Mike Purpura continued that theme, reiterating that House managers “didn’t tell you” that top Ukrainian officials were unaware that U.S. aid was being withheld from Ukraine until a \u003cem>Politico \u003c/em>article in late August. However, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Laura Cooper testified during the House impeachment inquiry in November that Ukrainian officials asked in July: “What is going on” with the security assistance?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the session, both sides claimed the advantage. Sen. Joni Ernst, R-Iowa, said the president’s defense team “entirely shredded” the Democratic managers’ case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif, the lead House manager, said Trump’s lawyers failed “to contest the basic architecture of the scheme,” that the president pressured Ukraine by withholding military aid in order to get Zelenskiy to investigate the Bidens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said that there were “gaping holes” in the president’s lawyers’ case and that they inadvertently bolstered Democrats’ arguments that the Senate should call witnesses, including acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps because of the brevity of the Saturday session, there was unusual camaraderie at its close. Cipollone and Jay Sekulow, Trump’s personal attorney, worked the room, with some senators coming up to shake their hands as they stood up from their table after the close. They later went to some members’ desks to visit. Sen. John Kennedy, R-La., was first in line to shake Cipollone’s and Sekulow’s hands, followed by Sen. Pat Roberts, R-Kan. The camaraderie was bipartisan. Sen. Tim Kaine, D-Va., was also among those greeting the president’s lawyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Representatives impeached Trump last month on charges that he obstructed Congress and abused power, saying he tried to pressure the Ukrainian president to investigate Trump’s political rivals during the July phone call. The president and his defenders have dismissed the process as a sham and refused to participate in the House proceedings. Saturday was the first time Trump’s lawyers responded in person to the charges against the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The presentation was expected to set the stage for the “coming attractions,” as Sekulow described it Friday, for the trial when it resumes Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes discussing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/22/781589327/bosses-of-fusion-gps-tell-the-inside-story-of-the-steele-dossier\">the Steele dossier\u003c/a>, a report of unverified information on the Trump campaign compiled by a former British spy, and efforts made by Hillary Clinton’s campaign to dig up dirt on Trump leading up to the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sekulow also tried to argue, as many Republicans have over the course of the impeachment proceedings, that Clinton solicited foreign interference by Ukraine in the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American intelligence agencies have been unanimous in their assessment that it was Russia that interfered in the last presidential race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another of Trump’s defense attorneys, Alan Dershowitz, told NPR’s David Folkenflik that he would focus his arguments on what he sees as “nonimpeachable offenses” brought forward by the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They charged him with nonimpeachable offenses: namely obstruction of Congress and abuse of power,” Dershowitz said. “Those would have clearly been rejected by the framers as too broad, too open-ended and not sufficiently specific. So I’m going to focus my argument on the criteria used by the House.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have largely stood by the president throughout the week, and because they hold a majority in the Senate, it remains unlikely that Trump will be removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Saying that California is violating a federal law, the Trump administration on Friday threatened the state with a potential loss of federal health care funds over its requirement that insurance plans cover abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement was timed to coincide with the anti-abortion March for Life in the nation’s capital, and came on a day when President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/24/798994515/president-trump-to-face-friendly-crowd-at-march-for-life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">became the first president\u003c/a> to address the marchers in person. Religious conservatives are a core element of Trump’s political coalition, and his administration has gone out of its way to deliver on their demands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='medium' citation='Attorney General Xavier Becerra']‘Women’s health should never be dangled as bait for the sake of political grandstanding.’[/pullquote]The U.S. Health and Human Services Department said it is issuing a “notice of violation,” giving California 30 days to comply with a federal law known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/ocr/civilrights/understanding/ConscienceProtect/publaw111_117_123_stat_3034.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Weldon amendment\u003c/a>. The law bars federal health care funding from being provided to states or entities that practice “discrimination” against a health care organization on the basis that it “does not provide, pay for, provide coverage of, or refer for abortions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The director of the HHS Office for Civil Rights, Roger Severino, said California is violating that restriction by requiring insurance plans to cover abortions. According to Severino, 28,000 Californians had abortion-free plans prior to the state’s requirements and have now lost that option. The federal government has received complaints from an order of nuns — the \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/california/court-of-appeal/2019/c083232.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Missionary Guadalupanas of the Holy Spirit\u003c/a> in Los Angeles — as well as Skyline Wesleyan Church near San Diego. Neither group immediately responded to KQED requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If states receive federal funds … they cannot discriminate against a health plan that declines to cover abortions,” Severino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lawmakers and abortion advocates quickly responded to the notice. Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom alluded to the political overtones of the announcement and the Republican administration’s ongoing feud with California on numerous issues in denying that the state is doing anything wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite a federal opinion four years ago confirming California’s compliance with the Weldon amendment, the Trump administration would rather rile up its base to score cheap political points and risk access to care for millions than do what’s right,” Newsom said in a statement, referring to the Obama administration’s decision to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-fi-california-abortion-insurance-20160621-snap-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reject\u003c/a> a similar challenge to the state’s mandate. “California will continue to protect a woman’s right to choose, and we won’t back down from defending reproductive freedom for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said Trump was “using the official levers of government to advance his political agenda.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Women’s health should never be dangled as bait for the sake of political grandstanding,” Becerra said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move, said Jodi Hicks, president and CEO of Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, was “the same tired tactic we have seen from the Trump administration in its attempts to restrict and ban access to abortion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Access to abortion is law of the land and California will not back down in our fight to defend and expand, not ban, access to abortion,” Hicks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='medium' citation='Roger Severino, director of the U.S. Health and Human Services Department']‘If states receive federal funds … they cannot discriminate against a health plan that declines to cover abortions.’[/pullquote]It is unclear why the administration is taking action now over a mandate that has been in place for years and why it has chosen to first target California, which is one of a \u003ca href=\"https://nwlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/50-State-Insurance-Coverage-of-Abortion-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">few states\u003c/a> that require abortion coverage in private health insurance plans. Severino also didn’t specify which of many streams of federal health care funds — amounting to tens of billions of dollars — might be in jeopardy for California. That could include money for community health centers, Medicaid health insurance for low-income people and basic public health activities like educating parents about vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='abortion' label='Related Coverage']The state has become something of a familiar antagonist for the president. He has repeatedly lambasted its prominent politicians — with tweets targeting House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Newsom, among others — and repeatedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11784681/no-more-trump-threatens-to-cut-funding-for-california-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">threatened\u003c/a> to cut off its federal relief funds for fighting wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law has long barred the use of taxpayer money to pay for abortions, except in cases of rape, incest or to save the life of the woman. That bipartisan consensus could change if a Democrat wins the White House in November, since the Democratic candidates have pledged to take a more assertive stance on abortion rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The HHS Civil Rights Office headed by Severino has traditionally mainly handled complaints about privacy violations. Under Trump, it added a new division to handle cases of alleged discrimination on the basis of religious or moral scruples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a federal judge in New York last year blocked a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/05/02/688260025/new-trump-rule-protects-health-care-workers-who-refuse-care-for-religious-reason\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Trump administration rule\u003c/a> that could have opened the way for more clinicians and health care workers to refuse to participate in abortions and other procedures because of religious or moral objections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Paul A. Engelmayer said the administration’s claim that there has been a significant increase in complaints about health care industry workers being forced to violate their conscience was “flatly untrue.” The Supreme Court has \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/795342900/supreme-court-takes-up-birth-control-conscience-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">picked up\u003c/a> the case for consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from the Associated Press, NPR and KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Saying that California is violating a federal law, the Trump administration on Friday threatened the state with a potential loss of federal health care funds over its requirement that insurance plans cover abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement was timed to coincide with the anti-abortion March for Life in the nation’s capital, and came on a day when President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/24/798994515/president-trump-to-face-friendly-crowd-at-march-for-life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">became the first president\u003c/a> to address the marchers in person. Religious conservatives are a core element of Trump’s political coalition, and his administration has gone out of its way to deliver on their demands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The U.S. Health and Human Services Department said it is issuing a “notice of violation,” giving California 30 days to comply with a federal law known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/ocr/civilrights/understanding/ConscienceProtect/publaw111_117_123_stat_3034.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Weldon amendment\u003c/a>. The law bars federal health care funding from being provided to states or entities that practice “discrimination” against a health care organization on the basis that it “does not provide, pay for, provide coverage of, or refer for abortions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The director of the HHS Office for Civil Rights, Roger Severino, said California is violating that restriction by requiring insurance plans to cover abortions. According to Severino, 28,000 Californians had abortion-free plans prior to the state’s requirements and have now lost that option. The federal government has received complaints from an order of nuns — the \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/california/court-of-appeal/2019/c083232.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Missionary Guadalupanas of the Holy Spirit\u003c/a> in Los Angeles — as well as Skyline Wesleyan Church near San Diego. Neither group immediately responded to KQED requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If states receive federal funds … they cannot discriminate against a health plan that declines to cover abortions,” Severino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lawmakers and abortion advocates quickly responded to the notice. Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom alluded to the political overtones of the announcement and the Republican administration’s ongoing feud with California on numerous issues in denying that the state is doing anything wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite a federal opinion four years ago confirming California’s compliance with the Weldon amendment, the Trump administration would rather rile up its base to score cheap political points and risk access to care for millions than do what’s right,” Newsom said in a statement, referring to the Obama administration’s decision to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-fi-california-abortion-insurance-20160621-snap-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reject\u003c/a> a similar challenge to the state’s mandate. “California will continue to protect a woman’s right to choose, and we won’t back down from defending reproductive freedom for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said Trump was “using the official levers of government to advance his political agenda.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Women’s health should never be dangled as bait for the sake of political grandstanding,” Becerra said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move, said Jodi Hicks, president and CEO of Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, was “the same tired tactic we have seen from the Trump administration in its attempts to restrict and ban access to abortion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Access to abortion is law of the land and California will not back down in our fight to defend and expand, not ban, access to abortion,” Hicks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It is unclear why the administration is taking action now over a mandate that has been in place for years and why it has chosen to first target California, which is one of a \u003ca href=\"https://nwlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/50-State-Insurance-Coverage-of-Abortion-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">few states\u003c/a> that require abortion coverage in private health insurance plans. Severino also didn’t specify which of many streams of federal health care funds — amounting to tens of billions of dollars — might be in jeopardy for California. That could include money for community health centers, Medicaid health insurance for low-income people and basic public health activities like educating parents about vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The state has become something of a familiar antagonist for the president. He has repeatedly lambasted its prominent politicians — with tweets targeting House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Newsom, among others — and repeatedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11784681/no-more-trump-threatens-to-cut-funding-for-california-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">threatened\u003c/a> to cut off its federal relief funds for fighting wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law has long barred the use of taxpayer money to pay for abortions, except in cases of rape, incest or to save the life of the woman. That bipartisan consensus could change if a Democrat wins the White House in November, since the Democratic candidates have pledged to take a more assertive stance on abortion rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The HHS Civil Rights Office headed by Severino has traditionally mainly handled complaints about privacy violations. Under Trump, it added a new division to handle cases of alleged discrimination on the basis of religious or moral scruples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a federal judge in New York last year blocked a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/05/02/688260025/new-trump-rule-protects-health-care-workers-who-refuse-care-for-religious-reason\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Trump administration rule\u003c/a> that could have opened the way for more clinicians and health care workers to refuse to participate in abortions and other procedures because of religious or moral objections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Paul A. Engelmayer said the administration’s claim that there has been a significant increase in complaints about health care industry workers being forced to violate their conscience was “flatly untrue.” The Supreme Court has \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/17/795342900/supreme-court-takes-up-birth-control-conscience-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">picked up\u003c/a> the case for consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from the Associated Press, NPR and KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 6:41 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats on Friday opened their third and final day of arguments that President Trump, impeached by the House, now should be convicted and removed from office by the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's lawyers will get their turn to lay out the case for acquittal starting this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://jwp.io/s/vps8hq3r\">Watch Friday's proceedings live here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"A toxic mess\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lead impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., continued to lay out the arguments behind the first article of impeachment, which charges that the president abused the power of his office by withholding $391 million in military aid to Ukraine while he pressured the Ukrainian government to open an investigation into the activities there of former Vice President Joe Biden and his son Hunter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Schiff did so, he played a clip of the late Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., saying, \"We are all Ukrainians.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff also asked senators, \"Do you think for a moment that any of you, no matter what your relationship with this president, no matter how close you are to this president, do you think for a moment that if he felt it was in his interest, he wouldn't ask you to be investigated? Do you think for a moment that he wouldn't?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, \"And if somewhere deep down below, you realize that he would, you cannot leave a man like that in office.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., another manager, charged that Trump \"created a toxic mess at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue.\" He said Trump \"tried to cheat, he got caught, and then he worked hard to cover it up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House manager Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y, said Trump \"does not have to respect the Congress. He does not have to respect the representatives of the people. Only his will goes. He is a dictator. This must not stand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Defense of the president\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's legal team is set to begin its own opening arguments on Saturday at 10 a.m. ET.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawyers will speak for about three hours on Saturday to lay out \"coming attractions\" for the impeachment trial next week — including a discussion of efforts to dig up dirt on Trump during his 2016 election campaign through a dossier compiled by former British spy Christopher Steele — said Jay Sekulow, one of Trump's attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"impeachment\" label=\"related coverage\"]Sekulow told reporters on Capitol Hill on Friday that Trump's team will respond to issues raised by Democratic House managers, including foreign interference in the 2016 election and the hiring of Hunter Biden by a Ukrainian gas company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the House managers, Trump's lawyers have 24 hours over three days to make their case, before a period of questioning by the senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had weighed in against a long Saturday session, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1220687131292643329?s=20\">tweeting \u003c/a>on Friday morning that Saturday \"is called Death Valley in T.V.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The question of executive privilege\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the Senate chamber, Republicans and Democrats continued their debate over whether additional witnesses should be called. Arguments were aimed in particular at a handful of Republican senators, such as Susan Collins of Maine and Mitt Romney of Utah, who might be persuaded one way or the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have been arguing that hearing from additional witnesses would stretch out the proceedings, particularly if the Trump administration challenges the subpoenas as a violation of executive privilege. That's the doctrine that permits a presidential administration to conceal some of its workings from the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., said it could \"destroy executive privilege,\" if Democrats insisted on calling witnesses such as former national security adviser John Bolton or acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff scoffed at the notion that the Senate should refrain from calling witnesses over such a possibility. Moreover, he argued, executive privilege is to protect legitimate deliberations and can't be used to shield wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not a trial over a speeding ticket or shopping ticket; this is an impeachment trial involving the president of the United States,\" Schiff told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said that if subpoenas were issued by the Senate, \"by definition, the subpoenas will be bipartisan and they will be signed by the chief justice of the United States\" — implying they would have additional weight and be less likely to be challenged in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president and his supporters have maintained that Trump had real concerns about corruption in Ukraine, saying the call for probes was not driven by a desire to boost Trump's own political prospects. They say it is Democrats who are seeking political gain by launching an inquiry in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have largely stood by Trump, and because they hold a majority in the Senate, Trump is likely to be acquitted of both charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/31/787235305/how-a-senate-impeachment-trial-could-work\">Read more about the Senate trial process here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Watch+Live%3A+Democrats+Hold+Final+Day+Of+Arguments+Before+Trump+Team%27s+Turn&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 6:41 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democrats on Friday opened their third and final day of arguments that President Trump, impeached by the House, now should be convicted and removed from office by the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's lawyers will get their turn to lay out the case for acquittal starting this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://jwp.io/s/vps8hq3r\">Watch Friday's proceedings live here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"A toxic mess\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lead impeachment manager Adam Schiff, D-Calif., continued to lay out the arguments behind the first article of impeachment, which charges that the president abused the power of his office by withholding $391 million in military aid to Ukraine while he pressured the Ukrainian government to open an investigation into the activities there of former Vice President Joe Biden and his son Hunter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Schiff did so, he played a clip of the late Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., saying, \"We are all Ukrainians.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff also asked senators, \"Do you think for a moment that any of you, no matter what your relationship with this president, no matter how close you are to this president, do you think for a moment that if he felt it was in his interest, he wouldn't ask you to be investigated? Do you think for a moment that he wouldn't?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, \"And if somewhere deep down below, you realize that he would, you cannot leave a man like that in office.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., another manager, charged that Trump \"created a toxic mess at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue.\" He said Trump \"tried to cheat, he got caught, and then he worked hard to cover it up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House manager Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y, said Trump \"does not have to respect the Congress. He does not have to respect the representatives of the people. Only his will goes. He is a dictator. This must not stand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Defense of the president\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's legal team is set to begin its own opening arguments on Saturday at 10 a.m. ET.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawyers will speak for about three hours on Saturday to lay out \"coming attractions\" for the impeachment trial next week — including a discussion of efforts to dig up dirt on Trump during his 2016 election campaign through a dossier compiled by former British spy Christopher Steele — said Jay Sekulow, one of Trump's attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Sekulow told reporters on Capitol Hill on Friday that Trump's team will respond to issues raised by Democratic House managers, including foreign interference in the 2016 election and the hiring of Hunter Biden by a Ukrainian gas company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the House managers, Trump's lawyers have 24 hours over three days to make their case, before a period of questioning by the senators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had weighed in against a long Saturday session, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1220687131292643329?s=20\">tweeting \u003c/a>on Friday morning that Saturday \"is called Death Valley in T.V.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The question of executive privilege\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the Senate chamber, Republicans and Democrats continued their debate over whether additional witnesses should be called. Arguments were aimed in particular at a handful of Republican senators, such as Susan Collins of Maine and Mitt Romney of Utah, who might be persuaded one way or the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have been arguing that hearing from additional witnesses would stretch out the proceedings, particularly if the Trump administration challenges the subpoenas as a violation of executive privilege. That's the doctrine that permits a presidential administration to conceal some of its workings from the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., said it could \"destroy executive privilege,\" if Democrats insisted on calling witnesses such as former national security adviser John Bolton or acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff scoffed at the notion that the Senate should refrain from calling witnesses over such a possibility. Moreover, he argued, executive privilege is to protect legitimate deliberations and can't be used to shield wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not a trial over a speeding ticket or shopping ticket; this is an impeachment trial involving the president of the United States,\" Schiff told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said that if subpoenas were issued by the Senate, \"by definition, the subpoenas will be bipartisan and they will be signed by the chief justice of the United States\" — implying they would have additional weight and be less likely to be challenged in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president and his supporters have maintained that Trump had real concerns about corruption in Ukraine, saying the call for probes was not driven by a desire to boost Trump's own political prospects. They say it is Democrats who are seeking political gain by launching an inquiry in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans have largely stood by Trump, and because they hold a majority in the Senate, Trump is likely to be acquitted of both charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/31/787235305/how-a-senate-impeachment-trial-could-work\">Read more about the Senate trial process here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Watch+Live%3A+Democrats+Hold+Final+Day+Of+Arguments+Before+Trump+Team%27s+Turn&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Nine Central American parents who were forcibly separated from their children at the southern border under the Trump administration’s “zero tolerance” policy, and then deported without their kids, landed Wednesday night at Los Angeles International Airport to reunite with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The asylum-seekers had permission to be admitted to the United States as a result of a federal court order. While some in the group continued their journey to different U.S. cities, others, like Esvin Fernando Arredondo, passed through the arrival gate at LAX to find their families waiting for them with open arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arredondo, all smiles, embraced his three daughters and wife, who he hadn’t seen for nearly two years. It was a moment he said he had prayed for during many sleepless nights after U.S. authorities sent him back to Guatemala in August 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday afternoon, as he waited to board his U.S.-bound flight at the airport in Guatemala City, he said the prospect of reuniting with his daughters felt “like a miracle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel completely happy,” said Arredondo, 44. “I want to recover some of the time I lost with my daughters, with my family. All I want to do is be with them, hug them and kiss them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arredondo is one of 11 parents who will also have a chance to pursue their asylum claims in the U.S. after a federal judge in San Diego ordered the government to allow them to return. Two of those parents were not part of the group that arrived together from Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/supportKIND/status/1220367702667251713?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw ruled that U.S. authorities had unlawfully removed these parents. He cited evidence that immigration officers had misled or coerced them into signing deportation orders, and that some parents had agreed to abandon their asylum claims believing it would allow them to get their kids back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11782685/new-tally-totals-over-5500-kids-taken-from-parents-at-the-border\">5,500 children were forcibly separated from their parents\u003c/a> at the U.S.-Mexico border before and after the official start of “zero tolerance” in the spring of 2018. At least 471 parents were then deported to Central America without their kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a lawsuit seeking to reunite the families, ACLU attorneys for the separated parents said it was unlikely that many more of the deported parents would be allowed by Sabraw to return to the U.S. But Linda Dakin-Grimm, Arredondo’s attorney, said the arriving parents were still making history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s only nine of them, but they are, I hope, a beacon of hope for many, many other people who haven’t had any kind of remedy for what happened to them,” said Dakin-Grimm, a pro bono lawyer with the nonprofit Kids in Need of Defense, who is also representing Arredondo’s wife and children in their asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Family Separations at the Border\" tag=\"family-separation\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to his declaration to the court, Arredondo’s family fled Guatemala in February 2018 after his 17-year-old son, Marco, was murdered by alleged gang members. Arredondo and his wife feared they or their daughters would be next. Police would not protect them, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family sold their home and began the trek to the U.S., Arredondo said, but in Mexico, he and his 11-year-old daughter Andrea were stopped and questioned by authorities, and got separated from the rest of the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arredondo’s wife, Cleivi Jerez, and daughters Keyli and Alison made it to the Texas border and passed an initial asylum screening, known as a “credible fear” interview. They were then allowed to join relatives in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Arredondo and Andrea presented themselves to U.S. border officials in May 2018, he said, a crying Andrea was taken away while he protested. Arredondo was detained for three months, and did not pass his interview to establish a fear of returning to Guatemala, although his reasons were the same as his family’s. He was then deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrea spent about a month in a government-contracted shelter before she was released to her mother, according to Dakin-Grimm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Guatemala City, Arredondo said he was afraid the gang, known as Mara 18, would kill him. He said he couldn’t return to his old part of town, where he had worked as a taxi driver and participated in a neighborhood watch group of friends trying to protect their families. He said he believes that joining the group had made his family a target of the gang. On his return, Arredondo said, he survived on odd jobs, painting homes or doing construction work, while worrying about his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very, very difficult,” he said. “After the deportation, I arrived in Guatemala with no money, no extra clothes, no home, and worst of all — no family. I spent entire nights unable to sleep, just thinking about them, hoping they were alright.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Trump administration has stopped large-scale separations of migrant parents from their children, Department of Homeland Security officials are implementing new policies that have drastically reduced access to asylum for Central American migrants at the southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One such policy, the Migrant Protection Protocols, has allowed authorities to return more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11796825/one-year-into-trump-remain-in-mexico-policy-congress-increases-scrutiny\">57,000 non-Mexican asylum-seekers\u003c/a> to Mexico to wait while their claims are processed in the U.S. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only about 0.2% of the people in the program have won asylum since it began a year ago, compared to 29% of all asylum-seekers last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel completely happy,” said Arredondo, 44. “I want to recover some of the time I lost with my daughters, with my family. All I want to do is be with them, hug them and kiss them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arredondo is one of 11 parents who will also have a chance to pursue their asylum claims in the U.S. after a federal judge in San Diego ordered the government to allow them to return. Two of those parents were not part of the group that arrived together from Guatemala.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In September, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw ruled that U.S. authorities had unlawfully removed these parents. He cited evidence that immigration officers had misled or coerced them into signing deportation orders, and that some parents had agreed to abandon their asylum claims believing it would allow them to get their kids back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11782685/new-tally-totals-over-5500-kids-taken-from-parents-at-the-border\">5,500 children were forcibly separated from their parents\u003c/a> at the U.S.-Mexico border before and after the official start of “zero tolerance” in the spring of 2018. At least 471 parents were then deported to Central America without their kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a lawsuit seeking to reunite the families, ACLU attorneys for the separated parents said it was unlikely that many more of the deported parents would be allowed by Sabraw to return to the U.S. But Linda Dakin-Grimm, Arredondo’s attorney, said the arriving parents were still making history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s only nine of them, but they are, I hope, a beacon of hope for many, many other people who haven’t had any kind of remedy for what happened to them,” said Dakin-Grimm, a pro bono lawyer with the nonprofit Kids in Need of Defense, who is also representing Arredondo’s wife and children in their asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to his declaration to the court, Arredondo’s family fled Guatemala in February 2018 after his 17-year-old son, Marco, was murdered by alleged gang members. Arredondo and his wife feared they or their daughters would be next. Police would not protect them, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family sold their home and began the trek to the U.S., Arredondo said, but in Mexico, he and his 11-year-old daughter Andrea were stopped and questioned by authorities, and got separated from the rest of the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arredondo’s wife, Cleivi Jerez, and daughters Keyli and Alison made it to the Texas border and passed an initial asylum screening, known as a “credible fear” interview. They were then allowed to join relatives in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Arredondo and Andrea presented themselves to U.S. border officials in May 2018, he said, a crying Andrea was taken away while he protested. Arredondo was detained for three months, and did not pass his interview to establish a fear of returning to Guatemala, although his reasons were the same as his family’s. He was then deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrea spent about a month in a government-contracted shelter before she was released to her mother, according to Dakin-Grimm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Guatemala City, Arredondo said he was afraid the gang, known as Mara 18, would kill him. He said he couldn’t return to his old part of town, where he had worked as a taxi driver and participated in a neighborhood watch group of friends trying to protect their families. He said he believes that joining the group had made his family a target of the gang. On his return, Arredondo said, he survived on odd jobs, painting homes or doing construction work, while worrying about his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very, very difficult,” he said. “After the deportation, I arrived in Guatemala with no money, no extra clothes, no home, and worst of all — no family. I spent entire nights unable to sleep, just thinking about them, hoping they were alright.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Trump administration has stopped large-scale separations of migrant parents from their children, Department of Homeland Security officials are implementing new policies that have drastically reduced access to asylum for Central American migrants at the southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One such policy, the Migrant Protection Protocols, has allowed authorities to return more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11796825/one-year-into-trump-remain-in-mexico-policy-congress-increases-scrutiny\">57,000 non-Mexican asylum-seekers\u003c/a> to Mexico to wait while their claims are processed in the U.S. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only about 0.2% of the people in the program have won asylum since it began a year ago, compared to 29% of all asylum-seekers last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
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"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"order": 8
},
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},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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