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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5 p.m. Friday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California utility regulators on Thursday approved major changes to the state's booming rooftop solar market that they say will more evenly spread the cost of energy and help reduce the state's reliance on fossil fuels in the evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has long led the nation in adoption of rooftop solar panels, and today more than 1.5 million California homes and other buildings have them. Under a decades-old program, people with solar panels can get paid by their power companies by sharing excess solar energy they don't need, leading some solar homes to pay minimal electric bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's led to criticism that rooftop solar customers aren't paying their fair share into the rest of the energy grid, which many still rely on for power when the sun goes down. Power rates also include things like transmission equipment and wildfire prevention work, and regulators approve a set amount of money that utilities can recover from customers.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11935070,news_11931931,news_11932033\"]The policy approved unanimously by the California Public Utilities Commission lessens the overall payment for selling excess power. It also revamps electric rates to try to encourage people to build home storage systems alongside their panels, so they can tap that stored power at night or feed it back to the grid, either of which would help the system rely less on fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the rooftop solar industry to remain sustainable, we must place greater value on exports during the truly fossil-heavy time of day,” Commissioner John Reynolds said. “In short, we are making this change because of our commitment to addressing climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although solar provides a lot of California’s power during the day, fossil fuels largely take over in the evening and during the night. Sometimes, California has more solar power than it can use during the day. Existing rooftop systems are capable of generating about 12,000 megawatts of power, according to the commission, nearly six times what the state's last remaining nuclear plant generates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But battery storage is not yet widespread. Today about 16% to 20% of the 150,000 households that install solar panels annually in California add battery storage systems, according to industry estimates. As of 2020, California started requiring \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/technology-business-california-ap-top-news-ca-state-wire-afa0978eff8443af9e5d7c77a3c285bf\">all newly built homes to have solar panels\u003c/a>, but there is no requirement for storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission's vote followed sustained criticism over three hours of public comment in which some speakers accused the commission — and Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom's administration — of hindering the state's climate efforts.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Sean Gallagher, vice president of state and regulatory affairs, Solar Energy Industries Association\"]'The solar and storage industry remains concerned that the transition from net metering to the new net billing structure is too abrupt and threatens to slow the deployment of rooftop solar in California.'[/pullquote]California has pushed forward with ambitious targets for weaning the state off oil and gas. Also Thursday, state air regulators approved a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-agriculture-climate-and-environment-2591f7c60f1a143e08b599610dc49fce\">climate roadmap\u003c/a> that says California must quadruple its solar and wind power to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fight over the solar changes has gone on for nearly two years, pitting the state’s three major utilities against the solar industry, with many environmental groups caught somewhere in between. The changes will apply only to customers of Pacific Gas & Electric, Southern California Edison and San Diego Gas & Electric, which collectively serve a majority of customers in the states. They would not affect people who already have rooftop solar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A utility-backed coalition called Affordable Clean Energy for All estimates that $4 billion in costs are shifted from solar to non-solar customers. Since the change doesn't apply to existing solar customers, the cost shift will continue putting pressure on energy bills for everyone else, the coalition argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Numerous independent studies and testimony from diverse parties make clear the current solar subsidy program forces low-income families, renters, seniors and anyone who doesn’t have rooftop solar to bankroll wealthier Californians’ solar systems. Today’s vote ensures this indefensible cost-shift will continue indefinitely,” Kathy Fairbanks, a spokesperson for the coalition, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solar industry disputes that number, saying it doesn’t account for the benefits that rooftop solar provides for everyone, like making the grid more resilient and reducing the need for utilities to build more costly legacy power equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broadly, solar companies have warned that fewer people will add home solar because the overall value of rooftop solar is going down.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Kathy Fairbanks, spokesperson, Affordable Clean Energy for All\"]'... the current solar subsidy program forces low-income families, renters, seniors and anyone who doesn’t have rooftop solar to bankroll wealthier Californians' solar systems. Today's vote ensures this indefensible cost-shift will continue indefinitely.'[/pullquote]“The solar and storage industry remains concerned that the transition from net metering to the new net billing structure is too abrupt and threatens to slow the deployment of rooftop solar in California,” Sean Gallagher, vice president of state and regulatory affairs for the Solar Energy Industries Association, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy includes a transition period that gives extra incentives to people who install panel and storage systems in the next five years. Low-income utility customers as well as people living in disadvantaged neighborhoods and tribal communities will get double the credits to install home systems. Still, some solar advocates argued the price of solar will be too expensive for those households.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average household solar and storage system costs about $26,000 when taking into account federal tax credits that cover about 30% of the cost, said Bernadette Del Chiaro, executive director of the California Solar & Storage Association\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Public Advocates Office, a consumer advocacy group with the utilities commission, supports the change, pointing to commission estimates that show the proposal will still save residential solar customers an estimated $100 on their monthly bills, or $136 a month if they also install storage systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Clean energy use during the day must be extended into the evening. Solar with batteries does exactly that. It’s the next step toward a clean energy future that will improve the air we breathe, the communities we live in, and our overall quality of life,” Matt Baker, the office's director, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With those payments, it would take no more than nine years for someone to recoup the cost of installing the solar and battery systems through reduced energy costs, the commission said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Elon Musk's Twitter has dissolved its Trust and Safety Council, the advisory group of around 100 independent civil, human rights and other organizations that the company formed in 2016 to address hate speech, child exploitation, suicide, self-harm and other problems on the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council had been scheduled to meet with Twitter representatives Monday night. But Twitter informed the group via email that it was disbanding it shortly before the meeting was to take place, according to multiple members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101891137,news_11932057,news_11933482\"]The council members, who provided images of the email from Twitter to The Associated Press, spoke on the condition of anonymity due to fears of retaliation. The email said Twitter was “reevaluating how best to bring external insights” and the council is “not the best structure to do this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our work to make Twitter a safe, informative place will be moving faster and more aggressively than ever before and we will continue to welcome your ideas going forward about how to achieve this goal,” said the email, which was signed “Twitter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The volunteer group provided expertise and guidance on how Twitter could better combat hate, harassment and other harms but didn’t have any decision-making authority and didn’t review specific content disputes. Shortly after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11930354/twitter-wont-be-free-for-all-hellscape-musk-says-day-before-deadline-to-buy-company\">buying Twitter for $44 billion in late October\u003c/a>, Musk said he would form a new “content moderation council” to help make major decisions but later changed his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twitter’s Trust and Safety Council was a group of volunteers who over many years gave up their time when consulted by Twitter staff to offer advice on a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/elon-musk-technology-business-government-and-politics-2907d382db132cfd7446152b9309992c\">wide range of online harms\u003c/a> and safety issues,\" tweeted council member Alex Holmes. “At no point was it a governing body or decision making.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, which is based in San Francisco, had confirmed the meeting with the council Thursday in an email in which it promised an “open conversation and Q&A” with Twitter staff, including the new head of trust and safety, Ella Irwin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That came on the same day that three council members announced they were resigning in a public statement posted on Twitter that said that “contrary to claims by Elon Musk, the safety and wellbeing of Twitter’s users are on the decline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those former council members soon became the target of online attacks after Musk amplified criticism of them and Twitter’s past leadership for allegedly not doing enough to stop child sexual exploitation on the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a crime that they refused to take action on child exploitation for years!” Musk tweeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of attacks on the council led to concerns from some remaining members, who sent an email to Twitter earlier on Monday demanding the company stop misrepresenting the council's role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those false accusations by Twitter leaders were “endangering current and former Council members,” the email said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trust and Safety Council, in fact, had as one of its advisory groups one that focused on child exploitation. This included the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, the Rati Foundation and YAKIN, or Youth, Adult Survivors and Kin in Need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Twitter employee Patricia Cartes, whose job it was to form the council in 2016, said Monday its dissolution “means there’s no more checks and balances.\" Cartes said the company sought to bring a global outlook to the council, with experts from around the world who could relay concerns about how new Twitter policies or products might affect their communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She contrasted that with Musk’s current practice of surveying his Twitter followers before making a policy change affecting how content gets moderated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He doesn’t really care as much about what experts think,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The council members, who provided images of the email from Twitter to The Associated Press, spoke on the condition of anonymity due to fears of retaliation. The email said Twitter was “reevaluating how best to bring external insights” and the council is “not the best structure to do this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our work to make Twitter a safe, informative place will be moving faster and more aggressively than ever before and we will continue to welcome your ideas going forward about how to achieve this goal,” said the email, which was signed “Twitter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The volunteer group provided expertise and guidance on how Twitter could better combat hate, harassment and other harms but didn’t have any decision-making authority and didn’t review specific content disputes. Shortly after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11930354/twitter-wont-be-free-for-all-hellscape-musk-says-day-before-deadline-to-buy-company\">buying Twitter for $44 billion in late October\u003c/a>, Musk said he would form a new “content moderation council” to help make major decisions but later changed his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twitter’s Trust and Safety Council was a group of volunteers who over many years gave up their time when consulted by Twitter staff to offer advice on a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/elon-musk-technology-business-government-and-politics-2907d382db132cfd7446152b9309992c\">wide range of online harms\u003c/a> and safety issues,\" tweeted council member Alex Holmes. “At no point was it a governing body or decision making.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, which is based in San Francisco, had confirmed the meeting with the council Thursday in an email in which it promised an “open conversation and Q&A” with Twitter staff, including the new head of trust and safety, Ella Irwin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That came on the same day that three council members announced they were resigning in a public statement posted on Twitter that said that “contrary to claims by Elon Musk, the safety and wellbeing of Twitter’s users are on the decline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Starting this week, California renters can use a new online tool to check their eligibility for state and local rent protections based on their ZIP code. The idea is to make it easy to figure out how much your landlord can legally raise your rent each year, since rent caps vary from city to city. No need to read through your local rent control ordinance — now renters can just follow a simple set of prompts at \u003ca href=\"https://tenantprotections.org/\">tenantprotections.org\u003c/a> and get an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As our state has blossomed with lots of local rent stabilization ordinances, this really provides a one-stop shop where tenants can go to find out what their rent increases can be,” says Leah Simon-Weisberg, legal director for the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment, or ACCE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Ana, Pomona, Bell Gardens, Pasadena, Richmond, Santa Monica and other cities around the state enacted or strengthened rent control policies this year.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11932419,news_11930792\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The calculator is a collaboration between ACCE and TechEquity Collaborative, and has been in the works since 2020. It allows renters to calculate their maximum allowable rent increase under the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1482\">Tenant Protection Act of 2019\u003c/a> and their local rules. It also provides resources for legal aid and tenant advocacy. “Accurate information obviously is the most crucial first step towards enforcement of tenant protections,” Simon-Weisberg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Antioch, where city leaders recently put in place \u003ca href=\"https://www.antiochca.gov/rent-program/\">a rent control measure that caps rent increases at 3%\u003c/a>, ACCE community organizer Devin Williams says most tenants he works with aren’t aware of the new protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of folks are not informed and the city has not done a good job at that at all,” he says, noting that the ordinance went into effect in November but applies to rent increases on or after August 23. “It’s December and I’ve gotten phone calls from folks and have gotten notices saying that they have to renew their lease by the end of the month or the rent is going to go up 19.6%. People just don’t know what’s right, what’s wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s hoping the online calculator makes it easier for residents to take advantage of the city’s new protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to start door-knocking and passing out literature, but we can only reach so many doors,” he says, adding that he’d like to see the city step up to educate people. But that appears unlikely for now.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Leah Simon-Weisberg, legal director, ACCE\"]‘As our state has blossomed with lots of local rent stabilization ordinances, this really provides a one-stop shop where tenants can go to find out what their rent increases can be.’[/pullquote]“We’ve been very transparent about [the fact] that even if we passed these protections, the infrastructure didn’t necessarily exist to implement any of it,” says Antioch Mayor Lamar Thorpe, who put forward the rent control measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Thorpe says, the city is contracting outside legal help to address claims made under the ordinance. To boost public awareness, he says the city may enclose information about the rent cap in renters’ water bills and launch a social media campaign. Still, he acknowledges, “a lot of this will be on the renter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As more and more cities around California put rent stabilization measures in place, advocates want to empower tenants with the information they need to stand up for their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have made a lot of significant progress in passing new laws over the last five years that help address the housing crisis, but we haven’t done as good of a job on the implementation side,” says Catherine Bracy, founder and CEO of TechEquity Collaborative. “This tool is an effort to make sure that the policies we pass are easily accessible in people’s lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Starting this week, California renters can use a new online tool to check their eligibility for state and local rent protections based on their ZIP code. The idea is to make it easy to figure out how much your landlord can legally raise your rent each year, since rent caps vary from city to city. No need to read through your local rent control ordinance — now renters can just follow a simple set of prompts at \u003ca href=\"https://tenantprotections.org/\">tenantprotections.org\u003c/a> and get an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As our state has blossomed with lots of local rent stabilization ordinances, this really provides a one-stop shop where tenants can go to find out what their rent increases can be,” says Leah Simon-Weisberg, legal director for the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment, or ACCE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Ana, Pomona, Bell Gardens, Pasadena, Richmond, Santa Monica and other cities around the state enacted or strengthened rent control policies this year.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The calculator is a collaboration between ACCE and TechEquity Collaborative, and has been in the works since 2020. It allows renters to calculate their maximum allowable rent increase under the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1482\">Tenant Protection Act of 2019\u003c/a> and their local rules. It also provides resources for legal aid and tenant advocacy. “Accurate information obviously is the most crucial first step towards enforcement of tenant protections,” Simon-Weisberg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Antioch, where city leaders recently put in place \u003ca href=\"https://www.antiochca.gov/rent-program/\">a rent control measure that caps rent increases at 3%\u003c/a>, ACCE community organizer Devin Williams says most tenants he works with aren’t aware of the new protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of folks are not informed and the city has not done a good job at that at all,” he says, noting that the ordinance went into effect in November but applies to rent increases on or after August 23. “It’s December and I’ve gotten phone calls from folks and have gotten notices saying that they have to renew their lease by the end of the month or the rent is going to go up 19.6%. People just don’t know what’s right, what’s wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s hoping the online calculator makes it easier for residents to take advantage of the city’s new protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to start door-knocking and passing out literature, but we can only reach so many doors,” he says, adding that he’d like to see the city step up to educate people. But that appears unlikely for now.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We’ve been very transparent about [the fact] that even if we passed these protections, the infrastructure didn’t necessarily exist to implement any of it,” says Antioch Mayor Lamar Thorpe, who put forward the rent control measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Thorpe says, the city is contracting outside legal help to address claims made under the ordinance. To boost public awareness, he says the city may enclose information about the rent cap in renters’ water bills and launch a social media campaign. Still, he acknowledges, “a lot of this will be on the renter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As more and more cities around California put rent stabilization measures in place, advocates want to empower tenants with the information they need to stand up for their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have made a lot of significant progress in passing new laws over the last five years that help address the housing crisis, but we haven’t done as good of a job on the implementation side,” says Catherine Bracy, founder and CEO of TechEquity Collaborative. “This tool is an effort to make sure that the policies we pass are easily accessible in people’s lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Two women who lost their jobs at Twitter when billionaire Elon Musk took over are suing the company in federal court, claiming that last month’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11931134/twitter-begins-mass-layoffs-one-week-after-musk-takeover\">abrupt mass layoffs of thousands of workers\u003c/a> disproportionately affected female employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discrimination lawsuit is the latest in a series of legal challenges over Musk’s rapid decimation of Twitter’s workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days after the world’s richest man bought the social media platform for $44 billion, the company on Nov. 4 told about half of its employees that they no longer had a job but would get three months’ severance. The lawsuit filed in a San Francisco federal court this week alleges that 57% of Twitter’s female employees were laid off, compared to fewer than half of its male workers, despite Twitter employing more men overall before the layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cutbacks continued throughout November as Musk fired engineers who questioned or criticized him and gave all remaining employees the choice to resign with severance or sign a form pledging “extremely hardcore” work, long hours and dedication to Twitter’s new direction. Scores more lost their jobs after declining to make the pledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"twitter\"]The lawsuit additionally contends that the required pledge also disproportionately harmed women, “who are more often caregivers for children and other family members, and thus not able to comply with such demands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco-based Twitter started the year with about 7,500 employees worldwide, according to a filing with securities regulators. Now a private company under Musk, it hasn’t disclosed how many employees remain. Twitter didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit was filed late Wednesday for former employees Carolina Bernal Strifling and Willow Wren Turkal on behalf of similarly situated female workers. The plaintiffs, who are scheduled to speak about the lawsuit on Thursday, are represented by prominent Boston workers’ rights attorney Shannon Liss-Riordan, who ran an unsuccessful \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/boston-massachusetts-whole-foods-market-inc-edward-markey-workers-rights-52d1e6f83ee060d5ffc328cf20ac59b5\">Democratic primary campaign\u003c/a> for Massachusetts attorney general earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit also alleges that the disparity between laid-off male and female employees in engineering-related roles is even greater than the overall gap, with 63% of women in those roles laid off, compared to 48% of men in similar jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mass termination of employees at Twitter has impacted female employees to a much greater extent than male employees – and to a highly statistically significant degree,” Liss-Riordan wrote in the lawsuit. “Moreover, Elon Musk has made a number of publicly discriminatory remarks about women, further confirming that the mass termination’s greater impact on female employees resulted from discrimination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking outside the courthouse before a hearing, Liss-Riordan said she wanted to show that “the richest man in the world is not above the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Musk and Twitter think they’re never going to be held accountable in court. We are arguing that the arbitration agreements (signed by Twitter staff) are not enforceable. But if we have to go through arbirtration one by one, we are ready to do that,” Liss-Riordan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of all the issues facing Elon Musk, this is the easiest to address: treat the workers with respect, pay them what they deserve under the law,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit adds to a number of examples of discharged Twitter employees in the U.S. and elsewhere fighting back. One group of employees is filing individual arbitration claims in California because the documents employees signed when joining the company waived their rights to a class-action lawsuit and jury trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As of today, we’ve filed five,” said their attorney Lisa Bloom in an email Thursday. “The number will continue to rise daily.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Ireland, a senior executive is fighting the company in court to get her job back after she didn’t respond to Musk’s email demanding employees make his pledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinead McSweeney, Twitter’s global vice president for public policy, won a temporary injunction last week preventing Twitter from terminating her employment, according to Irish news reports. The company told the Irish High Court that its human resources department intended to enter into talks with McSweeney to resolve the dispute, the reports said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a sworn statement to the court, McSweeney said many staffers in Twitter’s European headquarters in Dublin “expressed concerns and confusion” about Musk’s email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McSweeney said she was forced to make a “completely artificial decision” that “placed me in an impossible and extraordinarily unfair and unjust position” between accepting a “unilateral change” in her terms of employment or being fired through a “sham resignation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After her lawyers received assurances from Twitter that her employment was still valid, she tried to return to the Dublin office, but found her access pass didn’t work. Security officials said they’d need to check with human resources to verify she was still an employee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt utterly humiliated, deeply confused and was reduced to tears in a public place,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two women who lost their jobs at Twitter when billionaire Elon Musk took over are suing the company in federal court, claiming that last month’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11931134/twitter-begins-mass-layoffs-one-week-after-musk-takeover\">abrupt mass layoffs of thousands of workers\u003c/a> disproportionately affected female employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discrimination lawsuit is the latest in a series of legal challenges over Musk’s rapid decimation of Twitter’s workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days after the world’s richest man bought the social media platform for $44 billion, the company on Nov. 4 told about half of its employees that they no longer had a job but would get three months’ severance. The lawsuit filed in a San Francisco federal court this week alleges that 57% of Twitter’s female employees were laid off, compared to fewer than half of its male workers, despite Twitter employing more men overall before the layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cutbacks continued throughout November as Musk fired engineers who questioned or criticized him and gave all remaining employees the choice to resign with severance or sign a form pledging “extremely hardcore” work, long hours and dedication to Twitter’s new direction. Scores more lost their jobs after declining to make the pledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The lawsuit additionally contends that the required pledge also disproportionately harmed women, “who are more often caregivers for children and other family members, and thus not able to comply with such demands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco-based Twitter started the year with about 7,500 employees worldwide, according to a filing with securities regulators. Now a private company under Musk, it hasn’t disclosed how many employees remain. Twitter didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit was filed late Wednesday for former employees Carolina Bernal Strifling and Willow Wren Turkal on behalf of similarly situated female workers. The plaintiffs, who are scheduled to speak about the lawsuit on Thursday, are represented by prominent Boston workers’ rights attorney Shannon Liss-Riordan, who ran an unsuccessful \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/boston-massachusetts-whole-foods-market-inc-edward-markey-workers-rights-52d1e6f83ee060d5ffc328cf20ac59b5\">Democratic primary campaign\u003c/a> for Massachusetts attorney general earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit also alleges that the disparity between laid-off male and female employees in engineering-related roles is even greater than the overall gap, with 63% of women in those roles laid off, compared to 48% of men in similar jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mass termination of employees at Twitter has impacted female employees to a much greater extent than male employees – and to a highly statistically significant degree,” Liss-Riordan wrote in the lawsuit. “Moreover, Elon Musk has made a number of publicly discriminatory remarks about women, further confirming that the mass termination’s greater impact on female employees resulted from discrimination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking outside the courthouse before a hearing, Liss-Riordan said she wanted to show that “the richest man in the world is not above the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Musk and Twitter think they’re never going to be held accountable in court. We are arguing that the arbitration agreements (signed by Twitter staff) are not enforceable. But if we have to go through arbirtration one by one, we are ready to do that,” Liss-Riordan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of all the issues facing Elon Musk, this is the easiest to address: treat the workers with respect, pay them what they deserve under the law,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit adds to a number of examples of discharged Twitter employees in the U.S. and elsewhere fighting back. One group of employees is filing individual arbitration claims in California because the documents employees signed when joining the company waived their rights to a class-action lawsuit and jury trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As of today, we’ve filed five,” said their attorney Lisa Bloom in an email Thursday. “The number will continue to rise daily.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Ireland, a senior executive is fighting the company in court to get her job back after she didn’t respond to Musk’s email demanding employees make his pledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sinead McSweeney, Twitter’s global vice president for public policy, won a temporary injunction last week preventing Twitter from terminating her employment, according to Irish news reports. The company told the Irish High Court that its human resources department intended to enter into talks with McSweeney to resolve the dispute, the reports said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a sworn statement to the court, McSweeney said many staffers in Twitter’s European headquarters in Dublin “expressed concerns and confusion” about Musk’s email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McSweeney said she was forced to make a “completely artificial decision” that “placed me in an impossible and extraordinarily unfair and unjust position” between accepting a “unilateral change” in her terms of employment or being fired through a “sham resignation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After her lawyers received assurances from Twitter that her employment was still valid, she tried to return to the Dublin office, but found her access pass didn’t work. Security officials said they’d need to check with human resources to verify she was still an employee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt utterly humiliated, deeply confused and was reduced to tears in a public place,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A judge in San José on Wednesday sentenced former Theranos chief operating officer Ramesh “Sunny” Balwani to nearly 13 years in prison for his role in the company’s blood-testing hoax — a sentence slightly longer than that given to CEO Elizabeth Holmes, his lover and accomplice in one of Silicon Valley’s biggest scandals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/ramesh-balwani-theranos-verdict-d9fb19f13a1c930a6ff091dff10a0b5d\">Balwani was convicted in July of fraud and conspiracy\u003c/a> connected to the company’s bogus medical technology that duped investors and endangered patients. His sentencing came less than three weeks after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/elizabeth-holmes-technology-health-sentencing-crime-7ea71f015b874c6e454dcdd4f0857bd4\">Holmes, 38, the company's founder, received more than 11 years in prison\u003c/a> for her part in the scheme, which has been dissected in a book, an HBO documentary and an award-winning TV series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scandal revolved around the company’s false claims to have developed a device that could scan for hundreds of diseases and other potential problems with just a few drops of blood taken with a finger prick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of promoting the technology, Holmes and Balwani were warned the blood tests were inaccurate, but continued to raise money from investors, including from billionaires like software mogul Larry Ellison and media magnate Rupert Murdoch, and deployed the technology in some Walgreens stores.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"theranos\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Edward Davila said the financial statements drawn up by Balwani “weren’t just projections, they were lies” and that they were “a true flight from honest business practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case cast a spotlight on Silicon Valley’s dark side, exposing how its culture of hype and boundless ambition could veer into lies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani spent six years as Theranos' COO, during which he remained romantically involved with Holmes. The two had a bitter split in 2016. Both could have received up to 20 years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While on the witness stand in her trial, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/technology-business-health-elizabeth-holmes-027bb063c784b99034e0a9840cb03a08\">Holmes accused Balwani\u003c/a>, 57, of manipulating her through years of emotional and sexual abuse, allegations that Balwani's attorney has denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two trials had somewhat different outcomes. Unlike Balwani, Holmes was acquitted on several charges of defrauding and conspiring against people who paid for Theranos blood tests that produced misleading results and that could have pointed patients toward the wrong treatment. The jury in Holmes’ trial also deadlocked on three charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani, on the other hand, was convicted on all 12 felony counts, and received nearly two additional years, despite his lawyers seeking a far more lenient sentence of just four to 10 months in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors also want the judge to order Balwani to pay $804 million in restitution to defrauded investors — the same amount sought from Holmes. Davila deferred a decision on restitution to a later hearing, just as he did during Holmes' Nov. 18 sentencing, when she received 11 years and three months in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In court documents, Balwani's lawyers painted him as a hardworking immigrant who moved from India to the U.S. during the 1980s to become the first member of his family to attend college. He graduated from the University of Texas in 1990 with a degree in information systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later moved to Silicon Valley, where he first worked as a computer programmer for Microsoft before founding an online start-up that he sold for millions of dollars during the dot-com boom of the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani and Holmes met in 2003, around the same time she dropped out of Stanford University to start Theranos. He became enthralled with her and her quest to revolutionize health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani's lawyers said he ended up investing about $5 million in a stake in Theranos that eventually became worth about $500 million on paper — a fraction of Holmes' one-time fortune of $4.5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That wealth evaporated after Theranos began to unravel in 2015 amid revelations that its blood-testing technology never worked as claimed by Holmes, who at the time was featured in a slew of glowing magazine articles likening her to Steve Jobs and other Silicon Valley visionaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Theranos' downfall, Holmes teamed up with Balwani to raise nearly $1 billion from deep-pocketed investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Balwani is not the same as Elizabeth Holmes,\" his lawyers wrote in a memo to the judge. \"He actually invested millions of dollars of his own money; he never sought fame or recognition; and he has a long history of quietly giving to those less fortunate.\" Balwani's lawyers also asserted that Holmes \"was dramatically more culpable\" for the Theranos fraud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Echoing similar claims made by Holmes' lawyers before her sentencing, Balwani's attorneys argued that he has been adequately punished by the intense media coverage of Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani \"has lost his career, his reputation and his ability to meaningfully work again,\" his lawyers wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors cast Balwani as a ruthless, power-hungry accomplice in crimes that ripped off investors and imperiled people who received flawed results. The blood tests were to be available in a partnership with Walgreens that Balwani helped engineer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Balwani presented a fake story about Theranos' technology and financial stability day after day in meeting after meeting,\" the prosecutors wrote in their memo to the judge. \"Balwani maintained this façade of accomplishments, after making the calculated decision that honesty would destroy Theranos.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Balwani, the ex-lover of Theranos CEO Elizabeth Holmes, was convicted on all 12 felony counts related to his role in hawking bogus medical technology that duped investors and endangered patients.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A judge in San José on Wednesday sentenced former Theranos chief operating officer Ramesh “Sunny” Balwani to nearly 13 years in prison for his role in the company’s blood-testing hoax — a sentence slightly longer than that given to CEO Elizabeth Holmes, his lover and accomplice in one of Silicon Valley’s biggest scandals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/ramesh-balwani-theranos-verdict-d9fb19f13a1c930a6ff091dff10a0b5d\">Balwani was convicted in July of fraud and conspiracy\u003c/a> connected to the company’s bogus medical technology that duped investors and endangered patients. His sentencing came less than three weeks after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/elizabeth-holmes-technology-health-sentencing-crime-7ea71f015b874c6e454dcdd4f0857bd4\">Holmes, 38, the company's founder, received more than 11 years in prison\u003c/a> for her part in the scheme, which has been dissected in a book, an HBO documentary and an award-winning TV series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scandal revolved around the company’s false claims to have developed a device that could scan for hundreds of diseases and other potential problems with just a few drops of blood taken with a finger prick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of promoting the technology, Holmes and Balwani were warned the blood tests were inaccurate, but continued to raise money from investors, including from billionaires like software mogul Larry Ellison and media magnate Rupert Murdoch, and deployed the technology in some Walgreens stores.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Edward Davila said the financial statements drawn up by Balwani “weren’t just projections, they were lies” and that they were “a true flight from honest business practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case cast a spotlight on Silicon Valley’s dark side, exposing how its culture of hype and boundless ambition could veer into lies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani spent six years as Theranos' COO, during which he remained romantically involved with Holmes. The two had a bitter split in 2016. Both could have received up to 20 years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While on the witness stand in her trial, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/technology-business-health-elizabeth-holmes-027bb063c784b99034e0a9840cb03a08\">Holmes accused Balwani\u003c/a>, 57, of manipulating her through years of emotional and sexual abuse, allegations that Balwani's attorney has denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two trials had somewhat different outcomes. Unlike Balwani, Holmes was acquitted on several charges of defrauding and conspiring against people who paid for Theranos blood tests that produced misleading results and that could have pointed patients toward the wrong treatment. The jury in Holmes’ trial also deadlocked on three charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani, on the other hand, was convicted on all 12 felony counts, and received nearly two additional years, despite his lawyers seeking a far more lenient sentence of just four to 10 months in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors also want the judge to order Balwani to pay $804 million in restitution to defrauded investors — the same amount sought from Holmes. Davila deferred a decision on restitution to a later hearing, just as he did during Holmes' Nov. 18 sentencing, when she received 11 years and three months in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In court documents, Balwani's lawyers painted him as a hardworking immigrant who moved from India to the U.S. during the 1980s to become the first member of his family to attend college. He graduated from the University of Texas in 1990 with a degree in information systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later moved to Silicon Valley, where he first worked as a computer programmer for Microsoft before founding an online start-up that he sold for millions of dollars during the dot-com boom of the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani and Holmes met in 2003, around the same time she dropped out of Stanford University to start Theranos. He became enthralled with her and her quest to revolutionize health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani's lawyers said he ended up investing about $5 million in a stake in Theranos that eventually became worth about $500 million on paper — a fraction of Holmes' one-time fortune of $4.5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That wealth evaporated after Theranos began to unravel in 2015 amid revelations that its blood-testing technology never worked as claimed by Holmes, who at the time was featured in a slew of glowing magazine articles likening her to Steve Jobs and other Silicon Valley visionaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Theranos' downfall, Holmes teamed up with Balwani to raise nearly $1 billion from deep-pocketed investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Balwani is not the same as Elizabeth Holmes,\" his lawyers wrote in a memo to the judge. \"He actually invested millions of dollars of his own money; he never sought fame or recognition; and he has a long history of quietly giving to those less fortunate.\" Balwani's lawyers also asserted that Holmes \"was dramatically more culpable\" for the Theranos fraud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Echoing similar claims made by Holmes' lawyers before her sentencing, Balwani's attorneys argued that he has been adequately punished by the intense media coverage of Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balwani \"has lost his career, his reputation and his ability to meaningfully work again,\" his lawyers wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors cast Balwani as a ruthless, power-hungry accomplice in crimes that ripped off investors and imperiled people who received flawed results. The blood tests were to be available in a partnership with Walgreens that Balwani helped engineer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Balwani presented a fake story about Theranos' technology and financial stability day after day in meeting after meeting,\" the prosecutors wrote in their memo to the judge. \"Balwani maintained this façade of accomplishments, after making the calculated decision that honesty would destroy Theranos.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Silicon Valley companies rely on thousands of H-1B visa holders who have come to the Bay Area from all over the world. H-1B visas grant temporary status to work and live in the U.S. But in the wake of mass layoffs in the tech industry, visa holders have 60 days to find a new job or face the threat of deportation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/rachaelmyrow\">Rachael Myrow\u003c/a>, KQED Silicon Valley senior editor\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC9801237366\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3VDT1NT\">\u003cem>Read the transcript\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Links:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11933511/mass-bay-area-tech-layoffs-thrust-thousands-of-h-1b-visa-holders-into-frantic-job-hunt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mass Bay Area Tech Layoffs Thrust Thousands of H-1B Visa Holders Into Frantic Job Hunt\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003ca href=\"https://kqed.org/thebaysurvey\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cb>Survey: Help Make The Bay Even Better\u003c/b>!\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Impersonators paying for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/25/1139218045/twitter-verification-subscription-relaunch-elon-musk\">blue “verified” checkmarks\u003c/a>. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/17/1137413251/twitter-employees-quit-elon-musk\">decimated team of workers\u003c/a> enforcing rules against hate speech and other violating posts. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailydot.com/debug/antifa-twitter-accounts-list-telegram/\">mass reporting campaign\u003c/a> by right-wing activists targeting political opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the chaotic changes unleashed by Elon Musk, Twitter users in the U.S. are confronting problems that have long plagued the social network in other parts of the world – and which are at risk of getting even worse under its new billionaire owner, according to human rights and freedom of expression advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not clear to me at all that Musk knows the kinds of liability he’s creating with these sort of antics,” said Thenmozhi Soundararajan, executive director of Equality Labs, which advocates for the rights of Dalits, the community at the bottom of India’s caste hierarchy. “I think Musk lacks the cultural competency, he’s not getting proper legal advice around this issue, and so he’s endangering millions of people’s lives just for his whims,” she said.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"twitter\"]While Musk hasn’t publicly spoken about the implications of his vision for Twitter outside the U.S., activists and advocates point to a wealth of examples of how social media has enabled and exacerbated political, ethnic and religious conflicts, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/14/1064011279/facebook-is-being-sued-by-rohingya-refugees-over-myanmar-violence\">genocide in Myanmar\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/18/629731693/fake-news-turns-deadly-in-india\">mob killings in India\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/15/1046106922/social-media-misinformation-stokes-a-worsening-civil-war-in-ethiopia\">civil war in Ethiopia\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The majority world, the global south, is an expert in all of these issues,” said Mishi Choudhary, a lawyer and founder of the Software Freedom Law Center, an Indian digital rights organization. “I generally say that we have been watching the same reality TV show,” she added, and “India is two or three seasons ahead” of the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Layoffs decimate internationally-focused teams \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Musk’s recent announcement that he will grant many suspended Twitter accounts \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/25/1139197362/elon-musk-says-he-will-grant-amnesty-to-suspended-twitter-accounts\">“amnesty,”\u003c/a> following an unscientific poll of Twitter users, is escalating alarm about how the platform could be abused. The company has already begun to reinstate some 62,000 accounts with more than 10,000 followers, according to the tech newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://www.platformer.news/p/why-some-tech-ceos-are-rooting-for\">Platformer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twitter and every other platform have always struggled to effectively enforce content moderation guidelines and other policies outside of the U.S. and especially in non-Western countries,” said Shannon McGregor, a communications professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. “They don’t have enough people who understand the language and the culture and the politics to be involved in these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was before Musk laid off more than half of Twitter’s staff, with \u003ca href=\"https://restofworld.org/2022/global-twitter-employees-layoffs/\">teams outside the U.S.\u003c/a> hit especially hard, and eliminated thousands of contractors, many of whom do the difficult daily work of monitoring millions of tweets. Hundreds more employees have resigned rather than commit to the CEO’s call for a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/16/1137105935/twitter-elon-musk-ultimatum\">“hardcore” Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter’s \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ShannonRSingh/status/1588591603622772736\">human rights team\u003c/a> is gone. So is a group of investigators tracking state-backed domestic manipulation efforts in high-risk countries including Honduras, Ethiopia and India, according to a former employee. Its team fighting propaganda has been “radically reduced,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/27/twitter-china-spam-protests/\">\u003cem>Washington Post \u003c/em>reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, which has laid off its communications staff, didn’t respond to NPR’s questions for this story. In a \u003ca href=\"https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2022/twitter-2-0-our-continued-commitment-to-the-public-conversation\">blog post\u003c/a> published Thursday, the company said its policies had not changed and it remained “committed to providing a safe, inclusive, entertaining, and informative experience for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Trust & Safety team continues its diligent work to keep the platform safe from hateful conduct, abusive behavior, and any violation of Twitter’s rules,” the post, signed by “The Twitter Team,” said. “The team remains strong and well-resourced, and automated detection plays an increasingly important role in eliminating abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But automation is not perfect: this week, Twitter’s software failed to detect newly posted videos of the 2019 attack on mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand. The company only removed the clips after it was alerted by the New Zealand government, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/28/twitter-failed-to-detect-upload-of-christchurch-mosque-terror-attack-videos\">\u003cem>The Guardian\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Automated systems also require human input to reflect the cultural and linguistic challenges of a company that operates around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before Musk acquired Twitter, it was understood within the company that markets in South Asia, including India, were countries in which mass atrocity was agreed to be occurring. … One tweet could set off a pogrom,” Soundararajan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of Twitter’s trust and safety council – an outside group of advisers – Soundararajan’s group worked with the company, giving feedback on potential risks of various features and developing lists of racist, casteist and sexist slurs used to help police the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Musk took control, the trust and safety council group hasn’t met with or heard from the new owner – despite his claim he wanted to set up an outside \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/31/1132906782/elon-musk-twitter-pelosi-conspiracy\">“content moderation council.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve gotten an email early in November that basically acknowledged the staffing changes and let us know that they were going to reach back out in December,” Soundararajan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Twitter staffers Soundararajan typically communicates with have disappeared. “Our emails bounce back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Potential for blue checkmark abuse\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Against that backdrop, Musk’s plans to relaunch a subscription offering that would give accounts checkmark badges – previously used to indicate Twitter had verified the identity of high-profile accounts – are a source of additional concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial rollout of the feature allowed anyone to buy an $8 monthly subscription and receive a blue checkmark with no identity verification. Immediately, accounts popped up impersonating celebrities, companies and politicians, forcing Twitter to halt signups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk has said the feature will return, with different colored checkmarks for different kinds of accounts, and that going forward, all verified accounts will be “manually authenticated.” It’s not clear how Twitter will authenticate accounts or if it has sufficient staff to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former employees and experts warn the risk of abuse is high, especially by those seeking to use the feature to influence public conversation, given that subscribers are being promised greater amplification on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The possibility for different kinds of media manipulation and disinformation campaigns to proliferate is enormous,” said Joan Donovan, research director at Harvard’s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before Musk actually put the checkmarks up for sale, Twitter has struggled with bad actors illicitly selling verified accounts in places like the Middle East, Turkey and Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Nigeria, for example, verified accounts have traded hands for at least $5,000 in the past, according to Rosemary Ajayi, lead researcher at the Digital Africa Research Lab. One account impersonating Nigeria’s ruling party managed to retain a verified check from 2015 to 2019, accumulating a million followers along the way, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s expensive, but people are doing it, in a country where there is a high level of poverty. So then how [many] more would buy it at the rate of $8 a month?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risk will only grow amid a slew of upcoming elections, from Nigeria, Turkey and Thailand in 2023, to India, Mexico, Taiwan, European Parliament and, of course, the U.S. presidential race in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Free speech outside of the U.S.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even as they worry about how Musk’s changes could make Twitter more dangerous, freedom of expression advocates are also left wondering what his avowed commitment to free speech will mean outside America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/05/business/twitter-india-lawsuit.html\">suing the Indian government\u003c/a> over orders to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/17/968641246/twitter-in-standoff-with-indias-government-over-free-speech-and-local-law\">censor critics\u003c/a> of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, and has resisted some of Modi’s efforts to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/06/10/1004387255/india-and-tech-companies-clash-over-censorship-privacy-and-digital-colonialism\">clamp down on social media\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His free speech concerns seem to have only been about the people he thinks should be on this platform, who are U.S.-centric people with a certain kind of politics,” said Choudhary, the Indian digital-rights lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though only a small proportion of India’s 1.4 billion people use Twitter, it’s influential among politicians, the media and activists. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it’s unclear what Musk’s relationship with the Indian government will be like – especially considering he has other business interests in the country with his role as CEO of electric-car maker Tesla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I rely on the fact that Twitter does not cave in to the pressure of my government and continues to allow me to speak, no matter what I’m speaking against them,” Choudhary said. “I don’t think that he has shown any indication that he’s going to be able to do that, or [that] he’s going to continue, whether it’s the lawsuit or any resistance against the government.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Twitter%27s+chaos+could+make+political+violence+worse+outside+of+the+U.S.&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Impersonators paying for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/25/1139218045/twitter-verification-subscription-relaunch-elon-musk\">blue “verified” checkmarks\u003c/a>. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/17/1137413251/twitter-employees-quit-elon-musk\">decimated team of workers\u003c/a> enforcing rules against hate speech and other violating posts. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailydot.com/debug/antifa-twitter-accounts-list-telegram/\">mass reporting campaign\u003c/a> by right-wing activists targeting political opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the chaotic changes unleashed by Elon Musk, Twitter users in the U.S. are confronting problems that have long plagued the social network in other parts of the world – and which are at risk of getting even worse under its new billionaire owner, according to human rights and freedom of expression advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not clear to me at all that Musk knows the kinds of liability he’s creating with these sort of antics,” said Thenmozhi Soundararajan, executive director of Equality Labs, which advocates for the rights of Dalits, the community at the bottom of India’s caste hierarchy. “I think Musk lacks the cultural competency, he’s not getting proper legal advice around this issue, and so he’s endangering millions of people’s lives just for his whims,” she said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While Musk hasn’t publicly spoken about the implications of his vision for Twitter outside the U.S., activists and advocates point to a wealth of examples of how social media has enabled and exacerbated political, ethnic and religious conflicts, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/14/1064011279/facebook-is-being-sued-by-rohingya-refugees-over-myanmar-violence\">genocide in Myanmar\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/18/629731693/fake-news-turns-deadly-in-india\">mob killings in India\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/15/1046106922/social-media-misinformation-stokes-a-worsening-civil-war-in-ethiopia\">civil war in Ethiopia\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The majority world, the global south, is an expert in all of these issues,” said Mishi Choudhary, a lawyer and founder of the Software Freedom Law Center, an Indian digital rights organization. “I generally say that we have been watching the same reality TV show,” she added, and “India is two or three seasons ahead” of the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Layoffs decimate internationally-focused teams \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Musk’s recent announcement that he will grant many suspended Twitter accounts \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/25/1139197362/elon-musk-says-he-will-grant-amnesty-to-suspended-twitter-accounts\">“amnesty,”\u003c/a> following an unscientific poll of Twitter users, is escalating alarm about how the platform could be abused. The company has already begun to reinstate some 62,000 accounts with more than 10,000 followers, according to the tech newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://www.platformer.news/p/why-some-tech-ceos-are-rooting-for\">Platformer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twitter and every other platform have always struggled to effectively enforce content moderation guidelines and other policies outside of the U.S. and especially in non-Western countries,” said Shannon McGregor, a communications professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. “They don’t have enough people who understand the language and the culture and the politics to be involved in these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was before Musk laid off more than half of Twitter’s staff, with \u003ca href=\"https://restofworld.org/2022/global-twitter-employees-layoffs/\">teams outside the U.S.\u003c/a> hit especially hard, and eliminated thousands of contractors, many of whom do the difficult daily work of monitoring millions of tweets. Hundreds more employees have resigned rather than commit to the CEO’s call for a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/16/1137105935/twitter-elon-musk-ultimatum\">“hardcore” Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter’s \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ShannonRSingh/status/1588591603622772736\">human rights team\u003c/a> is gone. So is a group of investigators tracking state-backed domestic manipulation efforts in high-risk countries including Honduras, Ethiopia and India, according to a former employee. Its team fighting propaganda has been “radically reduced,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/27/twitter-china-spam-protests/\">\u003cem>Washington Post \u003c/em>reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, which has laid off its communications staff, didn’t respond to NPR’s questions for this story. In a \u003ca href=\"https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2022/twitter-2-0-our-continued-commitment-to-the-public-conversation\">blog post\u003c/a> published Thursday, the company said its policies had not changed and it remained “committed to providing a safe, inclusive, entertaining, and informative experience for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Trust & Safety team continues its diligent work to keep the platform safe from hateful conduct, abusive behavior, and any violation of Twitter’s rules,” the post, signed by “The Twitter Team,” said. “The team remains strong and well-resourced, and automated detection plays an increasingly important role in eliminating abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But automation is not perfect: this week, Twitter’s software failed to detect newly posted videos of the 2019 attack on mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand. The company only removed the clips after it was alerted by the New Zealand government, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/28/twitter-failed-to-detect-upload-of-christchurch-mosque-terror-attack-videos\">\u003cem>The Guardian\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Automated systems also require human input to reflect the cultural and linguistic challenges of a company that operates around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before Musk acquired Twitter, it was understood within the company that markets in South Asia, including India, were countries in which mass atrocity was agreed to be occurring. … One tweet could set off a pogrom,” Soundararajan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of Twitter’s trust and safety council – an outside group of advisers – Soundararajan’s group worked with the company, giving feedback on potential risks of various features and developing lists of racist, casteist and sexist slurs used to help police the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Musk took control, the trust and safety council group hasn’t met with or heard from the new owner – despite his claim he wanted to set up an outside \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/31/1132906782/elon-musk-twitter-pelosi-conspiracy\">“content moderation council.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve gotten an email early in November that basically acknowledged the staffing changes and let us know that they were going to reach back out in December,” Soundararajan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Twitter staffers Soundararajan typically communicates with have disappeared. “Our emails bounce back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Potential for blue checkmark abuse\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Against that backdrop, Musk’s plans to relaunch a subscription offering that would give accounts checkmark badges – previously used to indicate Twitter had verified the identity of high-profile accounts – are a source of additional concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial rollout of the feature allowed anyone to buy an $8 monthly subscription and receive a blue checkmark with no identity verification. Immediately, accounts popped up impersonating celebrities, companies and politicians, forcing Twitter to halt signups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk has said the feature will return, with different colored checkmarks for different kinds of accounts, and that going forward, all verified accounts will be “manually authenticated.” It’s not clear how Twitter will authenticate accounts or if it has sufficient staff to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former employees and experts warn the risk of abuse is high, especially by those seeking to use the feature to influence public conversation, given that subscribers are being promised greater amplification on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The possibility for different kinds of media manipulation and disinformation campaigns to proliferate is enormous,” said Joan Donovan, research director at Harvard’s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before Musk actually put the checkmarks up for sale, Twitter has struggled with bad actors illicitly selling verified accounts in places like the Middle East, Turkey and Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Nigeria, for example, verified accounts have traded hands for at least $5,000 in the past, according to Rosemary Ajayi, lead researcher at the Digital Africa Research Lab. One account impersonating Nigeria’s ruling party managed to retain a verified check from 2015 to 2019, accumulating a million followers along the way, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s expensive, but people are doing it, in a country where there is a high level of poverty. So then how [many] more would buy it at the rate of $8 a month?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risk will only grow amid a slew of upcoming elections, from Nigeria, Turkey and Thailand in 2023, to India, Mexico, Taiwan, European Parliament and, of course, the U.S. presidential race in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Free speech outside of the U.S.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even as they worry about how Musk’s changes could make Twitter more dangerous, freedom of expression advocates are also left wondering what his avowed commitment to free speech will mean outside America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/05/business/twitter-india-lawsuit.html\">suing the Indian government\u003c/a> over orders to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/17/968641246/twitter-in-standoff-with-indias-government-over-free-speech-and-local-law\">censor critics\u003c/a> of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, and has resisted some of Modi’s efforts to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/06/10/1004387255/india-and-tech-companies-clash-over-censorship-privacy-and-digital-colonialism\">clamp down on social media\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His free speech concerns seem to have only been about the people he thinks should be on this platform, who are U.S.-centric people with a certain kind of politics,” said Choudhary, the Indian digital-rights lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though only a small proportion of India’s 1.4 billion people use Twitter, it’s influential among politicians, the media and activists. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it’s unclear what Musk’s relationship with the Indian government will be like – especially considering he has other business interests in the country with his role as CEO of electric-car maker Tesla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I rely on the fact that Twitter does not cave in to the pressure of my government and continues to allow me to speak, no matter what I’m speaking against them,” Choudhary said. “I don’t think that he has shown any indication that he’s going to be able to do that, or [that] he’s going to continue, whether it’s the lawsuit or any resistance against the government.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Twitter%27s+chaos+could+make+political+violence+worse+outside+of+the+U.S.&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://layoffs.fyi/\">Mass layoffs\u003c/a> have pitched thousands of Bay Area workers into a desperate search to find another employer before they’re required to self-deport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Vidhi Agrawal, commercial operations director, Databricks\"]‘It’s a sudden thing that happens, and you have family, you have kids here, who’ve grown up here. And to uproot, sell everything and move back to your home country, within two months. For any human, any individual, it’s hard.’[/pullquote]An unemployed H-1B visa holder has to find a new employer, or “sponsor,” within 60 days, or leave the country. Thousands of Bay Area tech and biotech workers have surged onto sites like LinkedIn, frantically looking for friendly faces, like 36-year-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/vidhiagrawal/\">Vidhi Agrawal\u003c/a> of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An H-1B visa holder herself, Agrawal works at the San Francisco software company Databricks. She and a friend have been running an informal database linking H-1B visa holders with prospective employers. In the last two weeks, the off-hours project has exploded from roughly 50 friends and acquaintances to over 500 people nationwide. She’s also in contact with about 100 hiring managers and recruiters from multiple companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a sudden thing that happens, and you have family, you have kids here, who’ve grown up here,” said Agrawal. “And to uproot, sell everything and move back to your home country, within two months. For any human, any individual, it’s hard.” To make matters worse, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11913665/200000-documented-dreamers-are-literally-waiting-a-lifetime-for-a-green-card\">many Indian H-1B holders are in a years-long queue to get a green card\u003c/a>, and leaving the country is tantamount to letting go of a huge investment of time and patience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agrawal added that H-1B visa workers are always particularly vulnerable to layoffs. “We did sign up for this. When we come on work visas, we know what we’re signing up for. It’s not, like, things have changed on us,” she said.[aside postID=\"news_11913665,news_11931311,forum_2010101891200\" label=\"Related Posts\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the very least, \u003ca href=\"https://www.immihelp.com/h-1b-visa-layoff-and-60-days-grace-period/\">employers are required to notify federal immigration authorities and cover the cost of a plane flight back to the home country\u003c/a> when they lay off H-1B workers. Many companies, however, offer more support than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remarking on the mass layoffs at Meta, \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2022/11/mark-zuckerberg-layoff-message-to-employees/\">Mark Zuckerberg, for instance, wrote\u003c/a>, “I know this is especially difficult if you’re here on a visa. There’s a notice period before termination and some visa grace periods, which means everyone will have time to make plans and work through their immigration status. We have dedicated immigration specialists to help guide you based on what you and your family need.” Private attorneys, of course, are eager to help for a fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lyft.com/blog/posts/an-update-on-our-team\">Lyft\u003c/a> offers those on visas \u003ca href=\"https://www.lyft.com/blog/posts/an-update-on-our-team\">the option to extend employment (with no expectation to work)\u003c/a> for an additional eight weeks in lieu of eight weeks of severance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a huge benefit, because it means they have a greater time runway,” said Sophie Alcorn, who runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.alcorn.law/\">Alcorn Immigration Law\u003c/a> in Mountain View and writes about immigration for \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2022/11/07/dear-sophie-how-can-i-stay-in-the-us-if-ive-been-laid-off/\">TechCrunch\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the laid-off tech workers have plenty of savings. They could find another job eventually. But getting through the holiday season with Thanksgiving just now and the December holidays, plus the hiring freezes, it’s going to be really hard to get an offer within the 60-day grace period that would allow the future employer to have enough prep time to do the three to four weeks of work that it takes to get an H-1B ready for filing with the government,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of people familiar with American immigration law say the 60-day grace period doesn’t accurately reflect the panic many workers and their families are in right now because of the paperwork involved in transitioning to a new job. “There’s a whole prefiling subcomponent with a totally different government agency besides USCIS (United States Citizenship and Immigration Services) and the Department of Homeland Security,” Alcorn explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to get a certified labor condition application approved with the Department of Labor. Plus, many of the companies that have the funds to hire right now are early stage tech companies who listen to their venture capitalists and preserve their cash. So now they can hire, which is great. But if they’re new to the immigration process, getting set up as a petitioning employer takes additional time. So I’ve been advising people to try to get interviews as soon as possible and, if at all possible, try to accept an offer before the end of the first month of the H-1B grace period.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been lucky, for the most part,” said 39-year-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/gutgutia/\">Abhishek Gutgutia\u003c/a> of San José. “Companies I’ve worked with have been wonderful. But there are definitely companies out there who take advantage of immigrant workers, H1-B workers, because they are afraid of losing status, or they just don’t know, and that’s not OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutgutia arrived in the U.S. in 2012 to get his MBA. After graduation, he got an H-1B, then transitioned to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/permanent-workers/employment-based-immigration-first-preference-eb-1\">EB1-A\u003c/a>, and got a green card after 10 years of waiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entrepreneur saw the mass layoffs as an opportunity to start a new company, \u003ca href=\"http://www.gozeno.io/\">Zeno\u003c/a>, which he characterizes as TurboTax for DIY-minded immigrants. “I’ve been on H-1B visa in the past,” said Gutgutia. “So I know the pain points all too well, which also inspired me to start this venture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is there any chance of a fix, even a temporary one, in Washington D.C.? Alcorn says she’s talking about it with lawmakers and professional associations. “We’re putting together a coalition to request executive action to temporarily extend the 60-day grace period for this group of people to 180 days, so that there’s more time runway to stay in the country and look for other jobs, or self-petition green cards or, without illegally working, create a funded start-up that could then be their employer in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>An unemployed H-1B visa holder has to find a new employer, or “sponsor,” within 60 days, or leave the country. Thousands of Bay Area tech and biotech workers have surged onto sites like LinkedIn, frantically looking for friendly faces, like 36-year-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/vidhiagrawal/\">Vidhi Agrawal\u003c/a> of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An H-1B visa holder herself, Agrawal works at the San Francisco software company Databricks. She and a friend have been running an informal database linking H-1B visa holders with prospective employers. In the last two weeks, the off-hours project has exploded from roughly 50 friends and acquaintances to over 500 people nationwide. She’s also in contact with about 100 hiring managers and recruiters from multiple companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a sudden thing that happens, and you have family, you have kids here, who’ve grown up here,” said Agrawal. “And to uproot, sell everything and move back to your home country, within two months. For any human, any individual, it’s hard.” To make matters worse, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11913665/200000-documented-dreamers-are-literally-waiting-a-lifetime-for-a-green-card\">many Indian H-1B holders are in a years-long queue to get a green card\u003c/a>, and leaving the country is tantamount to letting go of a huge investment of time and patience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agrawal added that H-1B visa workers are always particularly vulnerable to layoffs. “We did sign up for this. When we come on work visas, we know what we’re signing up for. It’s not, like, things have changed on us,” she said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the very least, \u003ca href=\"https://www.immihelp.com/h-1b-visa-layoff-and-60-days-grace-period/\">employers are required to notify federal immigration authorities and cover the cost of a plane flight back to the home country\u003c/a> when they lay off H-1B workers. Many companies, however, offer more support than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remarking on the mass layoffs at Meta, \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2022/11/mark-zuckerberg-layoff-message-to-employees/\">Mark Zuckerberg, for instance, wrote\u003c/a>, “I know this is especially difficult if you’re here on a visa. There’s a notice period before termination and some visa grace periods, which means everyone will have time to make plans and work through their immigration status. We have dedicated immigration specialists to help guide you based on what you and your family need.” Private attorneys, of course, are eager to help for a fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lyft.com/blog/posts/an-update-on-our-team\">Lyft\u003c/a> offers those on visas \u003ca href=\"https://www.lyft.com/blog/posts/an-update-on-our-team\">the option to extend employment (with no expectation to work)\u003c/a> for an additional eight weeks in lieu of eight weeks of severance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a huge benefit, because it means they have a greater time runway,” said Sophie Alcorn, who runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.alcorn.law/\">Alcorn Immigration Law\u003c/a> in Mountain View and writes about immigration for \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2022/11/07/dear-sophie-how-can-i-stay-in-the-us-if-ive-been-laid-off/\">TechCrunch\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the laid-off tech workers have plenty of savings. They could find another job eventually. But getting through the holiday season with Thanksgiving just now and the December holidays, plus the hiring freezes, it’s going to be really hard to get an offer within the 60-day grace period that would allow the future employer to have enough prep time to do the three to four weeks of work that it takes to get an H-1B ready for filing with the government,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of people familiar with American immigration law say the 60-day grace period doesn’t accurately reflect the panic many workers and their families are in right now because of the paperwork involved in transitioning to a new job. “There’s a whole prefiling subcomponent with a totally different government agency besides USCIS (United States Citizenship and Immigration Services) and the Department of Homeland Security,” Alcorn explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to get a certified labor condition application approved with the Department of Labor. Plus, many of the companies that have the funds to hire right now are early stage tech companies who listen to their venture capitalists and preserve their cash. So now they can hire, which is great. But if they’re new to the immigration process, getting set up as a petitioning employer takes additional time. So I’ve been advising people to try to get interviews as soon as possible and, if at all possible, try to accept an offer before the end of the first month of the H-1B grace period.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been lucky, for the most part,” said 39-year-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/gutgutia/\">Abhishek Gutgutia\u003c/a> of San José. “Companies I’ve worked with have been wonderful. But there are definitely companies out there who take advantage of immigrant workers, H1-B workers, because they are afraid of losing status, or they just don’t know, and that’s not OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutgutia arrived in the U.S. in 2012 to get his MBA. After graduation, he got an H-1B, then transitioned to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/permanent-workers/employment-based-immigration-first-preference-eb-1\">EB1-A\u003c/a>, and got a green card after 10 years of waiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entrepreneur saw the mass layoffs as an opportunity to start a new company, \u003ca href=\"http://www.gozeno.io/\">Zeno\u003c/a>, which he characterizes as TurboTax for DIY-minded immigrants. “I’ve been on H-1B visa in the past,” said Gutgutia. “So I know the pain points all too well, which also inspired me to start this venture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is there any chance of a fix, even a temporary one, in Washington D.C.? Alcorn says she’s talking about it with lawmakers and professional associations. “We’re putting together a coalition to request executive action to temporarily extend the 60-day grace period for this group of people to 180 days, so that there’s more time runway to stay in the country and look for other jobs, or self-petition green cards or, without illegally working, create a funded start-up that could then be their employer in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Elizabeth Holmes’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/18/1137606060/elizabeth-holmes-sentenced-11-years-prison\">11-year prison \u003c/a>sentence would not have been possible without the zeal the moneyed class has for Silicon Valley startups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When U.S. District Judge Edward Davila ordered prison time for the former CEO last week, one thing was pivotal: How much money\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>investors had lost because of her crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because federal sentencing guidelines, what judges use to determine appropriate punishments for people convicted of crimes, give more weight to the amount of money lost than anything else in fraud cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Theranos, like so many buzzy startups, was flush with investment cash. It raised some $945 million from the likes of media mogul Rupert Murdoch, Oracle founder Larry Ellison and former Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Holmes was sentenced for just a fraction of the nearly $1 billion of investment Theranos had raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davila identified ten investors who were defrauded and came up with this number: $121 million, which the judge said was how much investors lost when offset by the amount Theranos stock would have been worth without Holmes’ deceit.[aside postID=science_1980842 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2022/11/gettyimages-1442569803-607aa10932c5f5ac98fb17b7decccf1f9d953c9b-1020x765.jpg']To put it another way, Holmes received more than a decade in prison over just about 10% of what Theranos raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The numbers in Silicon Valley are so out of whack with reality that these guideline sentences become enormous,” said Jeff Cohen, a former federal prosecutor who now teaches at Boston College Law School. “If she were running a widget factory by the same conduct, she would have received much less.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other Silicon Valley executives have been accused of wrongdoing, Holmes is the first CEO of a major tech firm to be criminally prosecuted and sentenced to prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means she is the first in the industry to learn that raising hundreds of millions of dollars will not just send a startup’s valuation soaring, but if convicted of fraud in federal court, it could make serious prison time all but inevitable — potentially a warning to other imploded tech firms \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/15/1136641651/ftx-bankruptcy-sam-bankman-fried-ftt-crypto-cryptocurrency-binance\">now under scrutiny\u003c/a>, like Sam Bankman-Fried’s cryptocurrency exchange FTX.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal sentencing guidelines consider the amount of money drained the most significant factor in punishing fraudsters because it allows authorities to target organized drug rings and large-scale institutional fraud, according to former federal prosecutor Bill Portanova.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For Silicon Valley, if at the end of the day, the music stops and there’s not enough chairs for everyone, the guidelines point to serious punishment,” said Portanova, who is now a defense lawyer in Sacramento, Calif.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes’ punishment does come amid signs of a tech sector becoming less frothy. Both Big Tech companies and startups are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/14/1136659617/tech-layoffs-amazon-meta-twitter\">laying off\u003c/a> staff, new $1 billion companies are\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/10/26/end-of-tech-unicorn-start-ups/\"> becoming harder to spot\u003c/a> and venture capital firms are \u003ca href=\"https://news.crunchbase.com/business/sequoia-warning-founders/\">warning\u003c/a> of a tough road ahead. Has the tech bubble burst, or is it about to burst? That determination, experts say, is easier made in hindsight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Tech bubbles don’t pop in the way a bubble pops from chewing gum,” said David Kirsch, management professor at the University of Maryland who wrote a book about bubbles and crashes. “Investment bubbles tend to deflate slowly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A long prison sentence for ‘a gross lie’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Holmes made patients, pharmacies and savvy investors believe Theranos could revolutionize the way blood tests detect diseases when it could do no such thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why did she do it? It’s a question even Davila mused over from the bench before announcing her punishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What was it that caused Ms. Holmes, regrettably, to make those decisions that she did?” Davila said. “Was there a loss of moral compass here?” he said. “Was it hubris? What caused that? Was it intoxication with the fame that comes with being a young entrepreneur?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever drove her, as soon a jury convicted Holmes, she faced serious prison time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sentencing guidelines, after a multitude of factors are considered, spits out an offense level. Holmes’ level was 33 — 24 points of that was from the amount of money she defrauded.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Steven Davidoff Solomon, UC Berkeley School of Law\"]‘In Silicon Valley, there has historically been a ‘don’t follow the rules’ mentality, because that’s how you get ahead. Holmes may be the first, but I suspect there are going to be more.’[/pullquote]And Davila, it could be argued, could have imposed an even tougher punishment. Based on her offense level, Holmes’ sentencing range was between 11 and 14 years behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(For context: The U.S. Probation Office recommended 9 years; Prosecutors asked the judge that Holmes be imprisoned for 15 years. The maximum sentence under law was 20 years. Holmes’ legal team requested that she serve her sentence at home and avoid incarceration.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portanova said Holmes’ punishment involved gobs of money, but her actions — repeatedly professing her technology could do what it was incapable of doing — was egregious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She wasn’t just an ambitious salesperson who got out over her skis,” he said. “She did substantial time because it was a gross lie and she had ample opportunities to stop and she didn’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will ‘fake it till you make it’ in Silicon Valley ever change?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In their court filing to the judge ahead of the sentencing hearing, prosecutors argued that prison time for Holmes was necessary to “deter future startup fraud schemes” and to “rebuild the trust investors must have when funding innovation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But will Holmes’ incarceration have that effect?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some say the Theranos case could be the start of federal prosecutors policing Silicon Valley more aggressively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Silicon Valley, there has historically been a ‘don’t follow the rules’ mentality, because that’s how you get ahead,” said Steven Davidoff Solomon of the U.C. Berkeley School of Law. “Holmes may be the first, but I suspect there are going to be more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet hyping up a product and exaggerating are not crimes, but what is a crime is knowingly deceiving investors. Sometimes the dividing line is not so clear, experts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen at Boston College of Law said the boundary between embellishment and criminal fraud does indeed remain fuzzy to most in the tech world, so chances are slim that Holmes’ sentence will reverberate in a way that would drastically alter the culture of the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘Fake it till you make it’ culture in Silicon Valley involves a certain amount of puffery, and here the jury has spoken that there was more than that: there was fraud,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I do think that it’s a really hard line to discern,” he added. “And I’m not hopeful that Silicon Valley will get the message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kirsch, who studies tech entrepreneurs, was similarly skeptical about a major shakeup in the venture capital-backed tech startup world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The venture community is vulnerable to a shiny new story. They have been. They always will be,” he said. “We’re kidding ourselves if we think the recipe is going to change because Elizabeth Holmes goes to prison.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "How Silicon Valley Fervor Explains Elizabeth Holmes' 11-Year Prison Sentence | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Elizabeth Holmes’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/18/1137606060/elizabeth-holmes-sentenced-11-years-prison\">11-year prison \u003c/a>sentence would not have been possible without the zeal the moneyed class has for Silicon Valley startups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When U.S. District Judge Edward Davila ordered prison time for the former CEO last week, one thing was pivotal: How much money\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>investors had lost because of her crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because federal sentencing guidelines, what judges use to determine appropriate punishments for people convicted of crimes, give more weight to the amount of money lost than anything else in fraud cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Theranos, like so many buzzy startups, was flush with investment cash. It raised some $945 million from the likes of media mogul Rupert Murdoch, Oracle founder Larry Ellison and former Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Holmes was sentenced for just a fraction of the nearly $1 billion of investment Theranos had raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davila identified ten investors who were defrauded and came up with this number: $121 million, which the judge said was how much investors lost when offset by the amount Theranos stock would have been worth without Holmes’ deceit.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>To put it another way, Holmes received more than a decade in prison over just about 10% of what Theranos raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The numbers in Silicon Valley are so out of whack with reality that these guideline sentences become enormous,” said Jeff Cohen, a former federal prosecutor who now teaches at Boston College Law School. “If she were running a widget factory by the same conduct, she would have received much less.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other Silicon Valley executives have been accused of wrongdoing, Holmes is the first CEO of a major tech firm to be criminally prosecuted and sentenced to prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means she is the first in the industry to learn that raising hundreds of millions of dollars will not just send a startup’s valuation soaring, but if convicted of fraud in federal court, it could make serious prison time all but inevitable — potentially a warning to other imploded tech firms \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/15/1136641651/ftx-bankruptcy-sam-bankman-fried-ftt-crypto-cryptocurrency-binance\">now under scrutiny\u003c/a>, like Sam Bankman-Fried’s cryptocurrency exchange FTX.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal sentencing guidelines consider the amount of money drained the most significant factor in punishing fraudsters because it allows authorities to target organized drug rings and large-scale institutional fraud, according to former federal prosecutor Bill Portanova.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For Silicon Valley, if at the end of the day, the music stops and there’s not enough chairs for everyone, the guidelines point to serious punishment,” said Portanova, who is now a defense lawyer in Sacramento, Calif.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes’ punishment does come amid signs of a tech sector becoming less frothy. Both Big Tech companies and startups are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/14/1136659617/tech-layoffs-amazon-meta-twitter\">laying off\u003c/a> staff, new $1 billion companies are\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/10/26/end-of-tech-unicorn-start-ups/\"> becoming harder to spot\u003c/a> and venture capital firms are \u003ca href=\"https://news.crunchbase.com/business/sequoia-warning-founders/\">warning\u003c/a> of a tough road ahead. Has the tech bubble burst, or is it about to burst? That determination, experts say, is easier made in hindsight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Tech bubbles don’t pop in the way a bubble pops from chewing gum,” said David Kirsch, management professor at the University of Maryland who wrote a book about bubbles and crashes. “Investment bubbles tend to deflate slowly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A long prison sentence for ‘a gross lie’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Holmes made patients, pharmacies and savvy investors believe Theranos could revolutionize the way blood tests detect diseases when it could do no such thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why did she do it? It’s a question even Davila mused over from the bench before announcing her punishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What was it that caused Ms. Holmes, regrettably, to make those decisions that she did?” Davila said. “Was there a loss of moral compass here?” he said. “Was it hubris? What caused that? Was it intoxication with the fame that comes with being a young entrepreneur?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever drove her, as soon a jury convicted Holmes, she faced serious prison time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sentencing guidelines, after a multitude of factors are considered, spits out an offense level. Holmes’ level was 33 — 24 points of that was from the amount of money she defrauded.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>And Davila, it could be argued, could have imposed an even tougher punishment. Based on her offense level, Holmes’ sentencing range was between 11 and 14 years behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(For context: The U.S. Probation Office recommended 9 years; Prosecutors asked the judge that Holmes be imprisoned for 15 years. The maximum sentence under law was 20 years. Holmes’ legal team requested that she serve her sentence at home and avoid incarceration.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portanova said Holmes’ punishment involved gobs of money, but her actions — repeatedly professing her technology could do what it was incapable of doing — was egregious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She wasn’t just an ambitious salesperson who got out over her skis,” he said. “She did substantial time because it was a gross lie and she had ample opportunities to stop and she didn’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will ‘fake it till you make it’ in Silicon Valley ever change?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In their court filing to the judge ahead of the sentencing hearing, prosecutors argued that prison time for Holmes was necessary to “deter future startup fraud schemes” and to “rebuild the trust investors must have when funding innovation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But will Holmes’ incarceration have that effect?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some say the Theranos case could be the start of federal prosecutors policing Silicon Valley more aggressively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Silicon Valley, there has historically been a ‘don’t follow the rules’ mentality, because that’s how you get ahead,” said Steven Davidoff Solomon of the U.C. Berkeley School of Law. “Holmes may be the first, but I suspect there are going to be more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet hyping up a product and exaggerating are not crimes, but what is a crime is knowingly deceiving investors. Sometimes the dividing line is not so clear, experts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen at Boston College of Law said the boundary between embellishment and criminal fraud does indeed remain fuzzy to most in the tech world, so chances are slim that Holmes’ sentence will reverberate in a way that would drastically alter the culture of the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘Fake it till you make it’ culture in Silicon Valley involves a certain amount of puffery, and here the jury has spoken that there was more than that: there was fraud,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I do think that it’s a really hard line to discern,” he added. “And I’m not hopeful that Silicon Valley will get the message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kirsch, who studies tech entrepreneurs, was similarly skeptical about a major shakeup in the venture capital-backed tech startup world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The venture community is vulnerable to a shiny new story. They have been. They always will be,” he said. “We’re kidding ourselves if we think the recipe is going to change because Elizabeth Holmes goes to prison.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Risk of Fraying Looms Over Twitter as Engineers Snub Musk, Leaving in Droves",
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"headTitle": "Risk of Fraying Looms Over Twitter as Engineers Snub Musk, Leaving in Droves | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Elon Musk’s managerial bomb-throwing at Twitter has so thinned the ranks of software engineers who keep the world’s de facto public square up and running that industry insiders and programmers who were fired or resigned this week agree: Twitter may soon fray so badly it could actually crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk ended a very public argument with nearly two dozen coders critical to the microblogging platform’s stability by ordering them fired this week. Hundreds of engineers and other workers then quit after he demanded they pledge to “extremely hardcore” work by Thursday evening or resign with severance pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newest departures mean the platform is losing workers just as it gears up for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, which opens Sunday. It’s one of Twitter’s busiest events, when tweet surges heavily stress its systems.[aside label='Related Articles' tag='twitter']“It does look like he’s going to blow up Twitter,” said Robert Graham, veteran cybersecurity entrepreneur. “I can’t see how the lights won’t go out at any moment” — although many recent Twitter departures predicted a more gradual death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of employees signaled they were leaving ahead of Thursday’s deadline, posting farewell messages, a salute emoji or other familiar symbols on the company’s internal Slack messaging board, according to employees who still have access. Dozens also took publicly to Twitter to announce they were signing off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier in the week, some got so angry at Musk’s perceived recklessness that they took to Twitter to insult the Tesla and SpaceX CEO. “Kiss my ass, Elon,” one engineer said, adding lipstick marks. She had been fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter leadership sent an unsigned email after Thursday’s deadline saying its offices would be closed and employee badge access disabled until Monday. No reason was given, according to two employees who got the email — one who took the severance, one still on payroll. They spoke on condition of anonymity, fearing retribution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A trusted phalanx of Tesla coders at his side as he ransacked a formerly convivial workspace, Musk didn’t appear bothered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best people are staying, so I’m not super worried,” he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1593453455972057090?s=20&t=W4rIKaUhCbn78DrAjD2pFw\">tweeted Thursday night\u003c/a>. But it soon became clear some crucial programming teams had been thoroughly gutted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indicating how strapped he is for programmers, Musk sent all-hands emails Friday summoning “anyone who actually writes software” to his command perch on Twitter’s 10th floor at 2 p.m. — asking that they fly into San Francisco if not local, said an employee who quit Thursday but who was still receiving company emails.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Blaine Cook, Twitter's founding engineer\"]‘It’s dangerous to drastically reduce a programming workforce to a skeleton crew without first bulletproofing the code … It’s like saying, ‘These firefighters aren’t doing anything. So, we’ll just fire them all.”[/pullquote]After taking over Twitter less than three weeks ago, Musk booted half of the company’s full-time staff of 7,500 and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/elon-musk-twitter-inc-technology-misinformation-social-media-a469130efaebc8ed029a647a149c5049?utm_source=homepage&utm_medium=TopNews&utm_campaign=position_09\">an untold number of contractors\u003c/a> responsible for content moderation and other crucial efforts. Then came this week’s ultimatum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three engineers who left this week described for The Associated Press why they expect considerable unpleasantness for \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/elon-musk-twitter-inc-earnings-b69fa50ddd97accdccde15cf3a4f4607\">Twitter’s more than 230 million users\u003c/a> now that well over two-thirds of Twitter’s pre-Musk core services engineers are apparently gone. While they don’t anticipate near-term collapse, Twitter could get very rough at the edges — especially if Musk makes major changes without much off-platform testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Signs of fraying were evident before Thursday’s mass exit. People reported seeing more spam and scams on their feeds and in their direct messages. Engineers reported dropped tweets. People got strange error messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, nothing critical has broken. Yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a betting pool for when that happens,” said one of the engineers, all of whom spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of retaliation from Musk that could impact their careers and finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another said that if Twitter has been shutting servers and “high volume suddenly comes in, it might start crashing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“World Cup is the biggest event for Twitter. That’s the first thing you learn when you onboard at Twitter,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the earlier layoffs of curation employees, Twitter’s trending pages were already suffering. The engineering fireworks began Tuesday when Musk announced on Twitter that he had begun shutting down “microservices” he considered unnecessary “bloatware.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Less than 20% are actually needed for Twitter to work!” he tweeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That drew objections from engineers who told Musk he had no idea what he was taking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Microservices are how most modern large web services organize their code to allow software engineers to work quickly and efficiently,” said Gergely Orosz, author of The Pragmatic Engineer blog and a former Uber programmer. There are scores of such services and each manages a different feature. Instead of testing the removal of microservices in a simulated real-world environment, Musk’s team has apparently been updating Twitter live on everyone’s computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And indeed, one microservice briefly broke — the one people use to verify their identity to Twitter via SMS message when they log in. It’s called two-factor authentication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have hit the limit for SMS codes. Try again in 24 hours,” Twitter advised when a reporter tried to download their microblogging history archive. Luckily, the email verification alternative worked.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Robert Graham, veteran cybersecurity entrepreneur\"]‘So much of the security infrastructure of a large organization like Twitter is in people’s heads … And when they’re gone, you know, it all goes with them.’[/pullquote]One of the newly separated Twitter engineers, who had worked in core services, told the AP that engineering team clusters were down from about 15 people pre-Musk — not including team leaders, who were all laid off — to three or four before Thursday’s resignations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then more institutional knowledge that can’t be replaced overnight walked out the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything could break,” the programmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It takes six months to train someone to work an on-call rotation for some services, the engineers said. Such rotations require programmers to be available at all hours. But if the person on call is unfamiliar with the code base, failures could cascade as they frantically plow through reference manuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I stayed I would have been on-call constantly with little support for an indeterminate amount of time on several additional complex systems I had no experience in,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/peterclowes/status/1593458253014265856?s=20&t=kk55pToObSNmCUITISMNiw\">tweeted Peter Clowes\u003c/a>, an engineer who took the severance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Running even relatively boring systems takes people who know where to go when something breaks,” said Blaine Cook, Twitter’s founding engineer, who left in 2008. It’s dangerous to drastically reduce a programming workforce to a skeleton crew without first bulletproofing the code, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like saying, ‘These firefighters aren’t doing anything. So, we’ll just fire them all,’” Cook said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineers also worry Musk will shut down tools involved in content moderation and in removing illicit material that people upload to Twitter — or that there simply wouldn’t be enough people on staff to run them properly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another concern is hackers. When they’ve \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/us-news-ca-state-wire-technology-san-francisco-ap-top-news-860daee9d51ceb588c9bd0feebddc323\">breached the system in the past\u003c/a>, diminishing damage depends on detecting them quickly and kicking them out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not clear how Musk’s housecleaning at Twitter has affected its cybersecurity team, which suffered a major PR black eye in August when the highly respected security chief fired by the company earlier this year, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/technology-federal-trade-commission-us-securities-and-exchange-f1fe41b0bd7c5c407ecfb83509c671f5\">Peiter Zatko\u003c/a>, filed a whistleblower complaint claiming the platform was a cybersecurity shambles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So much of the security infrastructure of a large organization like Twitter is in people’s heads,” said Graham, the cybersecurity veteran. “And when they’re gone, you know, it all goes with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond technical troubles and even the potential of a crash, critical social and safety concerns loom over Twitter, which has become a fundamental tool in how people and organizations operate and communicate with each other and the public, from academia and journalism to natural disaster information and emergency warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twitter … is really important in our democracy. It’s important for media, and for politics, and for a lot of marginalized communities that rely on it to stay connected and get the word out on important issues,” said state Sen. Scott Wiener in a statement given to KQED, adding that instability at Twitter could hurt public and political discourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener also accused Elon Musk of trying to align Twitter with the “MAGA right-wing world,” and called the fact that wealthy individuals can purchase and destabilize an influential platform like Twitter in mere weeks “one of the biggest flaws in capitalism,” adding that he and other legislators are considering ways to address the company’s treatment of its departing employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While organizations like Cal Fire and the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services say they have multiple platforms and tools with which to get information out to the public, they acknowledge that Twitter has been an essential tool for sharing information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Twitter] allows us to be transparent and reach a broader audience, such as for the heat wave recently when we were encouraging all Californians to conserve energy,” said Brian Ferguson, state director of crisis communications for Cal OES. “[Twitter] was a big part of it. Certainly there’s both good and bad information on Twitter as we’ve experienced in the pandemic and in other things, but it is an important tool to have to reach the public in times of crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully nothing happens,” said Cal Fire Public Information Officer Robert Foxworthy, referring to Twitter’s ongoing troubles and recent predicament; he indicated that Cal Fire has multiple ways to get information out. But he also made sure to advise, given the extent of the public’s reliance on Twitter for information, that people be prepared for the worst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We tell folks that where you get your information may not work at any given time, so we ask that you have multiple ways to get that information, whether that be through Twitter or Facebook or your local radio,” said Foxworthy. “We ask the public to go to whatever their local county uses for their alert system, like Reverse 9-1-1 that you have to sign up for, or like Text-to-911, where they can send you emergency alerts, or CodeRED … because at any time the platform you use may not be usable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Ekene Okobi and Tara Siler contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "As engineers quit Twitter after a showdown with Elon Musk, and with the FIFA World Cup set to begin Sunday, concerns about the near future of the social media platform mount.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Elon Musk’s managerial bomb-throwing at Twitter has so thinned the ranks of software engineers who keep the world’s de facto public square up and running that industry insiders and programmers who were fired or resigned this week agree: Twitter may soon fray so badly it could actually crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk ended a very public argument with nearly two dozen coders critical to the microblogging platform’s stability by ordering them fired this week. Hundreds of engineers and other workers then quit after he demanded they pledge to “extremely hardcore” work by Thursday evening or resign with severance pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newest departures mean the platform is losing workers just as it gears up for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, which opens Sunday. It’s one of Twitter’s busiest events, when tweet surges heavily stress its systems.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It does look like he’s going to blow up Twitter,” said Robert Graham, veteran cybersecurity entrepreneur. “I can’t see how the lights won’t go out at any moment” — although many recent Twitter departures predicted a more gradual death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of employees signaled they were leaving ahead of Thursday’s deadline, posting farewell messages, a salute emoji or other familiar symbols on the company’s internal Slack messaging board, according to employees who still have access. Dozens also took publicly to Twitter to announce they were signing off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier in the week, some got so angry at Musk’s perceived recklessness that they took to Twitter to insult the Tesla and SpaceX CEO. “Kiss my ass, Elon,” one engineer said, adding lipstick marks. She had been fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter leadership sent an unsigned email after Thursday’s deadline saying its offices would be closed and employee badge access disabled until Monday. No reason was given, according to two employees who got the email — one who took the severance, one still on payroll. They spoke on condition of anonymity, fearing retribution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A trusted phalanx of Tesla coders at his side as he ransacked a formerly convivial workspace, Musk didn’t appear bothered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best people are staying, so I’m not super worried,” he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1593453455972057090?s=20&t=W4rIKaUhCbn78DrAjD2pFw\">tweeted Thursday night\u003c/a>. But it soon became clear some crucial programming teams had been thoroughly gutted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indicating how strapped he is for programmers, Musk sent all-hands emails Friday summoning “anyone who actually writes software” to his command perch on Twitter’s 10th floor at 2 p.m. — asking that they fly into San Francisco if not local, said an employee who quit Thursday but who was still receiving company emails.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>After taking over Twitter less than three weeks ago, Musk booted half of the company’s full-time staff of 7,500 and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/elon-musk-twitter-inc-technology-misinformation-social-media-a469130efaebc8ed029a647a149c5049?utm_source=homepage&utm_medium=TopNews&utm_campaign=position_09\">an untold number of contractors\u003c/a> responsible for content moderation and other crucial efforts. Then came this week’s ultimatum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three engineers who left this week described for The Associated Press why they expect considerable unpleasantness for \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/elon-musk-twitter-inc-earnings-b69fa50ddd97accdccde15cf3a4f4607\">Twitter’s more than 230 million users\u003c/a> now that well over two-thirds of Twitter’s pre-Musk core services engineers are apparently gone. While they don’t anticipate near-term collapse, Twitter could get very rough at the edges — especially if Musk makes major changes without much off-platform testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Signs of fraying were evident before Thursday’s mass exit. People reported seeing more spam and scams on their feeds and in their direct messages. Engineers reported dropped tweets. People got strange error messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, nothing critical has broken. Yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a betting pool for when that happens,” said one of the engineers, all of whom spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of retaliation from Musk that could impact their careers and finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another said that if Twitter has been shutting servers and “high volume suddenly comes in, it might start crashing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“World Cup is the biggest event for Twitter. That’s the first thing you learn when you onboard at Twitter,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the earlier layoffs of curation employees, Twitter’s trending pages were already suffering. The engineering fireworks began Tuesday when Musk announced on Twitter that he had begun shutting down “microservices” he considered unnecessary “bloatware.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Less than 20% are actually needed for Twitter to work!” he tweeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That drew objections from engineers who told Musk he had no idea what he was taking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Microservices are how most modern large web services organize their code to allow software engineers to work quickly and efficiently,” said Gergely Orosz, author of The Pragmatic Engineer blog and a former Uber programmer. There are scores of such services and each manages a different feature. Instead of testing the removal of microservices in a simulated real-world environment, Musk’s team has apparently been updating Twitter live on everyone’s computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And indeed, one microservice briefly broke — the one people use to verify their identity to Twitter via SMS message when they log in. It’s called two-factor authentication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have hit the limit for SMS codes. Try again in 24 hours,” Twitter advised when a reporter tried to download their microblogging history archive. Luckily, the email verification alternative worked.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>One of the newly separated Twitter engineers, who had worked in core services, told the AP that engineering team clusters were down from about 15 people pre-Musk — not including team leaders, who were all laid off — to three or four before Thursday’s resignations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then more institutional knowledge that can’t be replaced overnight walked out the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything could break,” the programmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It takes six months to train someone to work an on-call rotation for some services, the engineers said. Such rotations require programmers to be available at all hours. But if the person on call is unfamiliar with the code base, failures could cascade as they frantically plow through reference manuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I stayed I would have been on-call constantly with little support for an indeterminate amount of time on several additional complex systems I had no experience in,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/peterclowes/status/1593458253014265856?s=20&t=kk55pToObSNmCUITISMNiw\">tweeted Peter Clowes\u003c/a>, an engineer who took the severance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Running even relatively boring systems takes people who know where to go when something breaks,” said Blaine Cook, Twitter’s founding engineer, who left in 2008. It’s dangerous to drastically reduce a programming workforce to a skeleton crew without first bulletproofing the code, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like saying, ‘These firefighters aren’t doing anything. So, we’ll just fire them all,’” Cook said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineers also worry Musk will shut down tools involved in content moderation and in removing illicit material that people upload to Twitter — or that there simply wouldn’t be enough people on staff to run them properly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another concern is hackers. When they’ve \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/us-news-ca-state-wire-technology-san-francisco-ap-top-news-860daee9d51ceb588c9bd0feebddc323\">breached the system in the past\u003c/a>, diminishing damage depends on detecting them quickly and kicking them out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not clear how Musk’s housecleaning at Twitter has affected its cybersecurity team, which suffered a major PR black eye in August when the highly respected security chief fired by the company earlier this year, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/technology-federal-trade-commission-us-securities-and-exchange-f1fe41b0bd7c5c407ecfb83509c671f5\">Peiter Zatko\u003c/a>, filed a whistleblower complaint claiming the platform was a cybersecurity shambles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So much of the security infrastructure of a large organization like Twitter is in people’s heads,” said Graham, the cybersecurity veteran. “And when they’re gone, you know, it all goes with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond technical troubles and even the potential of a crash, critical social and safety concerns loom over Twitter, which has become a fundamental tool in how people and organizations operate and communicate with each other and the public, from academia and journalism to natural disaster information and emergency warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twitter … is really important in our democracy. It’s important for media, and for politics, and for a lot of marginalized communities that rely on it to stay connected and get the word out on important issues,” said state Sen. Scott Wiener in a statement given to KQED, adding that instability at Twitter could hurt public and political discourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener also accused Elon Musk of trying to align Twitter with the “MAGA right-wing world,” and called the fact that wealthy individuals can purchase and destabilize an influential platform like Twitter in mere weeks “one of the biggest flaws in capitalism,” adding that he and other legislators are considering ways to address the company’s treatment of its departing employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While organizations like Cal Fire and the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services say they have multiple platforms and tools with which to get information out to the public, they acknowledge that Twitter has been an essential tool for sharing information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Twitter] allows us to be transparent and reach a broader audience, such as for the heat wave recently when we were encouraging all Californians to conserve energy,” said Brian Ferguson, state director of crisis communications for Cal OES. “[Twitter] was a big part of it. Certainly there’s both good and bad information on Twitter as we’ve experienced in the pandemic and in other things, but it is an important tool to have to reach the public in times of crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully nothing happens,” said Cal Fire Public Information Officer Robert Foxworthy, referring to Twitter’s ongoing troubles and recent predicament; he indicated that Cal Fire has multiple ways to get information out. But he also made sure to advise, given the extent of the public’s reliance on Twitter for information, that people be prepared for the worst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We tell folks that where you get your information may not work at any given time, so we ask that you have multiple ways to get that information, whether that be through Twitter or Facebook or your local radio,” said Foxworthy. “We ask the public to go to whatever their local county uses for their alert system, like Reverse 9-1-1 that you have to sign up for, or like Text-to-911, where they can send you emergency alerts, or CodeRED … because at any time the platform you use may not be usable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Ekene Okobi and Tara Siler contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "with-mass-social-media-layoffs-researchers-warn-of-rise-in-hate-speech",
"title": "With Mass Social Media Layoffs, Researchers Warn of Rise in Hate Speech",
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"headTitle": "With Mass Social Media Layoffs, Researchers Warn of Rise in Hate Speech | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Social media platforms have historically had a hard time neutralizing the threat of hate speech \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702239/why-its-so-hard-to-scrub-hate-speech-off-social-media\">before it leads to real-world violence\u003c/a>. Now, researchers at the Network Contagion Research Institute and the Rutgers University Center for Critical Intelligence Studies are warning that mass layoffs, especially at social media platforms like \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2022/11/4/23439790/elon-musk-twitter-layoffs-trust-and-safety-teams-severance\">Twitter\u003c/a> and Meta, are leaving the door wide open to a growing phenomenon called “cyber-swarms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cyber-swarms, as defined by the institute, are surges of hateful memes, videos and comments on social media directed at certain ethnic and religious groups. They may be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919374/report-anti-hindu-hate-speech-surges-on-social-media\">coordinated\u003c/a>, but the real-world violence that follows may be conducted on impulse by individuals inspired by what they see online.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Corynne McSherry, legal director, Electronic Frontier Foundation\"]‘They didn’t have enough staff in the first place and they certainly don’t now. I worry a lot that they’re thinking — at both companies — ‘We’ll just automate more.’ What we’ve seen is that just doesn’t work.’[/pullquote]“A lot of these trust and safety teams don’t have a policy. They just put out fires, and sometimes, they don’t even know where a fire is burning,” said Network Contagion Institute Director Joel Finkelstein. The institute’s latest report, which came out this week, details a recent rearview-mirror look at social media platform failures in July and August, just a few months before layoffs decimated their ranks in the U.S. and abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://networkcontagion.us/reports/11-16-22-cyber-social-swarming-precedes-real-world-riots-in-leicester-how-social-media-became-a-weapon-for-violence/\">“Cyber Social Swarming Precedes Real World Riots in Leicester: How Social Media Became a Weapon for Violence”\u003c/a> explains how “Ethnic riots in one place can now leak into cyber-swarming, and turn into ethnic violence somewhere else,” Finkelstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cyber-swarm in July fomented violence between Hindus and Muslims on Twitter, TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram. Real-world incidents surged in the following weeks — primarily in the U.K. but in the U.S. as well, including one \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Og1XJXkpFo\">tirade\u003c/a>* at a Taco Bell in Fremont in August, recorded by the man it was directed at, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/krishnanjiyer\">Krishnan Iyer\u003c/a>.[aside postID=\"news_11702239,news_11919374\" label=\"Related Posts\"]*(Be advised the footage contains highly offensive and triggering language. The Alameda County district attorney’s office \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/fremont-taco-bell-anti-hindu-hate-speech-grimmer-blvd-tirade-man-charged-crime/12180354/\">filed multiple charges\u003c/a> against 37-year-old Singh Tejinder days later.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tejinder, who can be heard speaking in Punjabi, spewed a stream of expletive-laced insults against Iyer, calling him “dirty Hindu” among other slurs commonly spotted on social media networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even before these cuts (to Silicon Valley companies), Hindus as a community have been facing a regular barrage of hate on online platforms for several years,” wrote Pushpita Prasad of the Coalition of Hindus of North America. “Moderation policies online have not been very sensitive to Hindu concerns and fears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent attacks on Hindu communities constitute just one collective example of how hate speech can proliferate online against ethnic/religious groups if left unchecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another, more recent example: Twitter trolls emboldened by Elon Musk’s $44 billion acquisition prompted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/10/28/musk-twitter-racist-posts/\">500% surge\u003c/a> in the use of a particularly offensive racial epithet directed at African Americans, according to the NCRI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as Elon Musk walked in the door,” said Finkelstein, who added the Institute reached out to Twitter staff to let them know about the finding. “You’d think that’s something everybody would notice. They hadn’t noticed it. They noticed it because LeBron James took our tweet and literally singled out \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KingJames/status/1586431561041293312?s=20&t=wLEgRgctLXqhfO-mKQnCDw\">Elon Musk\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">I dont know Elon Musk and, tbh, I could care less who owns twitter. But I will say that if this is true, I hope he and his people take this very seriously because this is scary AF. So many damn unfit people saying hate speech is free speech. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/Sy0jvXIBnC\">https://t.co/Sy0jvXIBnC\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— LeBron James (@KingJames) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KingJames/status/1586431561041293312?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 29, 2022\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2022/11/10/twitter-ditches-communications\">no longer has a press relations department\u003c/a> to respond to reporter questions. A Meta spokesperson declined to offer specific numbers for how many layoffs affect the company’s trust and safety teams in the U.S. and abroad, but did write, “Our integrity efforts remain a top priority, which is why we continue to have over 40,000 people devoted to safety and security efforts and we will continue to invest in this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electronic Frontier Foundation Legal Director Corynne McSherry says the foundation is still trying to determine exactly what teams at Meta are most dramatically impacted by the layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Twitter, McSherry said, “What they really needed to do was probably double their trust and safety teams, for a start. To actually do it well requires humans making nuanced decisions. They didn’t have enough staff in the first place and they certainly don’t now. I worry a lot that they’re thinking — at both companies — ‘We’ll just automate more.’ What we’ve seen is that just doesn’t work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finkelstein says social media companies need to refocus on preventing violence, instead of just trying to avoid blowback from the press — and politicians. “When trust and safety teams are like, ‘Let’s put out this political fire, cause we can get in trouble,’ you will have a garden manicured by political concerns. And the harms that are really happening, no-one really cares about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/15/technology/elon-musk-twitter-fired-criticism.html\">mass layoffs\u003c/a> gutting the very trust and safety teams that are supposed to watch out for threats, what can vulnerable communities expect from Silicon Valley now? Not much, said Denver Riggleman, an Institute advisor and former Republican congressman from Virginia, as well as a technical lead on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/06/politics/denver-riggleman-january-6-committee/index.html\">Jan. 6th committee\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riggleman calls for federally funded public and private partnerships to scale up predictive modeling of the kind the Institute used to warn of that cyber-swarm over the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Almost a social media warning dashboard. This isn’t something regulatory, but it’s informational. It’s situational awareness,” Riggleman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Social media platforms have had a hard time neutralizing the threat of hate speech before it leads to real world violence. Researchers are warning that mass layoffs, especially at Twitter and Meta, leave the door open to a growing phenomenon called 'cyber-swarms.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Social media platforms have historically had a hard time neutralizing the threat of hate speech \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702239/why-its-so-hard-to-scrub-hate-speech-off-social-media\">before it leads to real-world violence\u003c/a>. Now, researchers at the Network Contagion Research Institute and the Rutgers University Center for Critical Intelligence Studies are warning that mass layoffs, especially at social media platforms like \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2022/11/4/23439790/elon-musk-twitter-layoffs-trust-and-safety-teams-severance\">Twitter\u003c/a> and Meta, are leaving the door wide open to a growing phenomenon called “cyber-swarms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cyber-swarms, as defined by the institute, are surges of hateful memes, videos and comments on social media directed at certain ethnic and religious groups. They may be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919374/report-anti-hindu-hate-speech-surges-on-social-media\">coordinated\u003c/a>, but the real-world violence that follows may be conducted on impulse by individuals inspired by what they see online.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“A lot of these trust and safety teams don’t have a policy. They just put out fires, and sometimes, they don’t even know where a fire is burning,” said Network Contagion Institute Director Joel Finkelstein. The institute’s latest report, which came out this week, details a recent rearview-mirror look at social media platform failures in July and August, just a few months before layoffs decimated their ranks in the U.S. and abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://networkcontagion.us/reports/11-16-22-cyber-social-swarming-precedes-real-world-riots-in-leicester-how-social-media-became-a-weapon-for-violence/\">“Cyber Social Swarming Precedes Real World Riots in Leicester: How Social Media Became a Weapon for Violence”\u003c/a> explains how “Ethnic riots in one place can now leak into cyber-swarming, and turn into ethnic violence somewhere else,” Finkelstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cyber-swarm in July fomented violence between Hindus and Muslims on Twitter, TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram. Real-world incidents surged in the following weeks — primarily in the U.K. but in the U.S. as well, including one \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Og1XJXkpFo\">tirade\u003c/a>* at a Taco Bell in Fremont in August, recorded by the man it was directed at, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/krishnanjiyer\">Krishnan Iyer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>*(Be advised the footage contains highly offensive and triggering language. The Alameda County district attorney’s office \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/fremont-taco-bell-anti-hindu-hate-speech-grimmer-blvd-tirade-man-charged-crime/12180354/\">filed multiple charges\u003c/a> against 37-year-old Singh Tejinder days later.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tejinder, who can be heard speaking in Punjabi, spewed a stream of expletive-laced insults against Iyer, calling him “dirty Hindu” among other slurs commonly spotted on social media networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even before these cuts (to Silicon Valley companies), Hindus as a community have been facing a regular barrage of hate on online platforms for several years,” wrote Pushpita Prasad of the Coalition of Hindus of North America. “Moderation policies online have not been very sensitive to Hindu concerns and fears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent attacks on Hindu communities constitute just one collective example of how hate speech can proliferate online against ethnic/religious groups if left unchecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another, more recent example: Twitter trolls emboldened by Elon Musk’s $44 billion acquisition prompted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/10/28/musk-twitter-racist-posts/\">500% surge\u003c/a> in the use of a particularly offensive racial epithet directed at African Americans, according to the NCRI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as Elon Musk walked in the door,” said Finkelstein, who added the Institute reached out to Twitter staff to let them know about the finding. “You’d think that’s something everybody would notice. They hadn’t noticed it. They noticed it because LeBron James took our tweet and literally singled out \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KingJames/status/1586431561041293312?s=20&t=wLEgRgctLXqhfO-mKQnCDw\">Elon Musk\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">I dont know Elon Musk and, tbh, I could care less who owns twitter. But I will say that if this is true, I hope he and his people take this very seriously because this is scary AF. So many damn unfit people saying hate speech is free speech. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/Sy0jvXIBnC\">https://t.co/Sy0jvXIBnC\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— LeBron James (@KingJames) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KingJames/status/1586431561041293312?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 29, 2022\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2022/11/10/twitter-ditches-communications\">no longer has a press relations department\u003c/a> to respond to reporter questions. A Meta spokesperson declined to offer specific numbers for how many layoffs affect the company’s trust and safety teams in the U.S. and abroad, but did write, “Our integrity efforts remain a top priority, which is why we continue to have over 40,000 people devoted to safety and security efforts and we will continue to invest in this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electronic Frontier Foundation Legal Director Corynne McSherry says the foundation is still trying to determine exactly what teams at Meta are most dramatically impacted by the layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Twitter, McSherry said, “What they really needed to do was probably double their trust and safety teams, for a start. To actually do it well requires humans making nuanced decisions. They didn’t have enough staff in the first place and they certainly don’t now. I worry a lot that they’re thinking — at both companies — ‘We’ll just automate more.’ What we’ve seen is that just doesn’t work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finkelstein says social media companies need to refocus on preventing violence, instead of just trying to avoid blowback from the press — and politicians. “When trust and safety teams are like, ‘Let’s put out this political fire, cause we can get in trouble,’ you will have a garden manicured by political concerns. And the harms that are really happening, no-one really cares about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/15/technology/elon-musk-twitter-fired-criticism.html\">mass layoffs\u003c/a> gutting the very trust and safety teams that are supposed to watch out for threats, what can vulnerable communities expect from Silicon Valley now? Not much, said Denver Riggleman, an Institute advisor and former Republican congressman from Virginia, as well as a technical lead on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/06/politics/denver-riggleman-january-6-committee/index.html\">Jan. 6th committee\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riggleman calls for federally funded public and private partnerships to scale up predictive modeling of the kind the Institute used to warn of that cyber-swarm over the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Almost a social media warning dashboard. This isn’t something regulatory, but it’s informational. It’s situational awareness,” Riggleman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
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"source": "American Public Media"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
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