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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A White House official, speaking on background, says that the current immigration system \"is outdated, and doesn't meet the diverse needs of our economy,\" and that the legislation being unveiled Wednesday \"is aimed at creating a skills-based immigration system that will make America more competitive, raise wages for American workers and create jobs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Jeff Sessions said in a statement the proposal would \"help the Department of Justice perform its duties to uphold our nation's immigration law and end the unlawful abuse of our public benefits program that undermine U.S. taxpayers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limiting legal immigration is opposed by business groups, which rely on low-skilled workers for agriculture and other jobs. And economists point to the low unemployment rate, 4.4 percent last month, as evidence that there are relatively few Americans who are without jobs now and that, as baby boomers retire, there will be a labor shortage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But backers of stricter immigration limits say allowing unskilled people into the country keeps wages low, especially for workers with only a high school diploma or less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of 1,470 economists released \u003ca href=\"http://www.newamericaneconomy.org/feature/an-open-letter-from-1470-economists-on-immigration/\">a letter to the president\u003c/a>, saying that \"the benefits that immigration brings to society far outweigh their costs, and smart immigration policy could better maximize the benefits of immigration while reducing the costs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not clear how much support there is in the Senate for such a bill. Republicans such as Lindsey Graham of South Carolina and John McCain of Arizona are likely opponents, and there's little enthusiasm among Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, on the heels of last week's collapse of efforts to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act, Trump is looking for a legislative victory, and with strong support inside the White House from advisers Steve Bannon and Stephen Miller, there is likely to be a strong push for the measure in the weeks and months ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Unveils+Legislation+Limiting+Legal+Immigration&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Jailing Immigrants Means Money and Jobs for Poor Areas. Is This Deal Humane?",
"title": "Jailing Immigrants Means Money and Jobs for Poor Areas. Is This Deal Humane?",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]nside his cell in the Yuba County Jail, Rafael was vomiting again, too weak and dizzy to stand. He is HIV-positive and has hepatitis C. Without treatment, the two can be a deadly combination. But Rafael, 27, had not been treated for hepatitis C in six months, his medical records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED agreed not to use Rafael’s real name, to protect his medical privacy. More than once, Rafael says, he has been the target of violence as a result of the stigma of his illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By March, Rafael had been held in the jail for half a year, waiting to find out if he would be deported to Mexico, the country of his birth. He tried to tune out the arguments of the other inmates over what to watch on television -- a struggle between criminal defendants and immigration detainees, orange uniforms versus red ones. He tried to ignore the flooded bathroom sinks. He tried to ignore the nausea. More than anything else, he thought about seeing a regular doctor rather than the jail's medical staff, who seemed to dismiss his worsening condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/08/TCRPM8417.mp3\" Image=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2017/08/04/YubaJail.jpg\" Title=\"Jailing Immigrants Means Money and Jobs for Poor Areas. Is This Deal Humane?\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael is one of roughly 200 men and women held by Immigration and Customs Enforcement at the Yuba jail on any given day. They make up about half of the jail population here in this rural county in the Sacramento Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Trump administration moves to vastly expand the deportation of immigrants, county jails across the country could be increasingly put to use to detain them because ICE facilities have simply \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/08/how-trump-could-detain-more-immigrants-in-california/\">run out of room\u003c/a>. But ICE itself has repeatedly faulted Yuba County -- and other jails where immigrant detainees are held -- for inadequate conditions that fail to meet ICE's own standards. Yuba also faces a lawsuit over what inmate advocates call “negligent” care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"aH4OLFJMmfQXMe7RbpEM4sdPwSXBXKoO\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern over a lack of safe and humane conditions at Yuba, and across ICE's already strained detention system, is propelling some California lawmakers to try to disentangle the state from Trump's deportation push.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three bills moving through the California Legislature could alter -- or end -- the ability of cities and counties to enter into detention contracts with ICE. But Yuba officials say that could spell disaster for their county’s finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Expanding Detention and Deportation\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Yuba County is among about 200 U.S. cities and counties that hold ICE detainees in local jails and private prisons under multimillion-dollar contracts with the federal government. Nationally, an average of 37,706 people a day are locked up, facing deportation. That’s 17 percent more than in fiscal year 2016, according to ICE data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yuba jail began detaining immigrants for the federal government in 1994. These days, the arrangement generates close to $6 million a year. That money supports half of the sheriff’s operations, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.co.yuba.ca.us/Departments/CAO/Budget/15-16/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">county budget proposal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You come to rely upon that,” said county spokesman Russ Brown. “We make no bones about that. We've been able to find some level of stability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said Yuba County and other local governments that have held ICE contracts for decades are now caught in a political crossfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yuba County is conducting a service and (we) have been for years, and then because of a political battle Yuba County could very well see public safety fall off the map,\" Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599246\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-800x555.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"555\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-800x555.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-1020x708.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-1180x819.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-960x667.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-375x260.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-520x361.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigrant detainees help a sheriff's deputy carry items to a truck outside the Yuba County Jail. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Fleeing the Stigma of HIV\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Rafael was 6 months old when he came with his parents to the Bay Area from Mexico. He went to school in San Francisco and all of his family lives here, he says. As a kid he’d rent out local driveways and parking lots for 49ers football games. He punctuates every few words with “like” or “you know.” It wasn’t until he was in high school that he discovered he didn’t have legal status in the United States. That’s when his parents took him to meet an immigration lawyer after he was a victim of a crime.*\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before getting protection, he was arrested for drug possession and deported in 2010. In Mexico he discovered he was HIV-positive. That began a cycle of re-entries and deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael said he was physically threatened while seeking treatment for HIV in Mexico. He and his lawyers say he suffered even more traumatic incidents there. KQED agreed not to disclose them because he hasn’t shared what happened with his family. But he said he feared for his life, and fled back to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2016, Rafael had been diagnosed with hepatitis C, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, along with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"0NJTy2xDyi95AQeLIu4cHmoSGupAD8wS\"]Last September, he was convicted of driving under the influence and served 42 days at an Alameda County jail. As he was being released, Rafael was apprehended in the jail lobby by two immigration officers who sent him to ICE detention near Sacramento, ICE records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, Rafael tried to get an attorney to fight his deportation. He composed letters to lawyers outlining his fears and his medical conditions. He hid them under his mattress, the only private place he could find. One day, he returned from court to the cell he shared with several other men and saw his private papers out in the open, spread on top of his bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Usually everybody came in and greeted me, just said, ‘How’s it going?’ But that day everybody was just looking at me,” Rafael said. He described the incident later in a phone call from jail, speaking softly so other inmates wouldn’t overhear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the confrontation unfolded, Rafael said, a friend warned him that his cellmates had read his letters and were threatening to harm him if he didn’t leave the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody thought that they were going to get my infections, through me sitting down on the toilet and stuff like that,” Rafael said. “So everybody just decided that I had to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael grabbed his belongings and rushed to the common area, where he pressed an emergency button to summon the guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his safety, ICE transferred Rafael from Sacramento to the Yuba County Jail in Marysville on Oct. 27.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Waiting for Treatment\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>When ICE moves a detainee, the agency is supposed to transfer all of the person’s medical records. But documents show that Yuba County Jail staff didn’t know at first that Rafael had hepatitis C. Even after they had confirmed his diagnosis, they still did not treat him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They weren't trying to give me my medicine, and I had symptoms,” he said in an interview from the jail. “I always put (in) my request to see the doctors and all they do is just give me, like, just Tums,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599250\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-800x1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-520x780.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelly Wells works in the small office she shares with other immigration attorneys at Dolores Street Community Services in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kelly Wells, an immigration attorney with \u003ca href=\"http://www.dscs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dolores Street Community Services\u003c/a>, took on Rafael’s deportation case. But she said she ended up spending a lot of her time pushing jail officials to provide proper medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hep C, HIV co-infection can proceed within a matter of months to liver failure and death. So obviously we had a lot of concerns. He was exhibiting symptoms at the time, too -- symptoms that we don’t know what they were, as lawyers,” Wells says. “What we know is, he needs to see a real doctor who knows hep C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Rafael and his attorneys, Wells and Frances Kreimer, submitted requests for him to see a specialist as he became more ill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don't treat you like a human being (in jail),” Rafael said. “It’s really different outside. My doctors would stay and explain to me, you know, details and stuff like that. They would do blood work and they would do all kinds of stuff to make sure that I didn't have anything else, you know, [a] complication. But in here, they don't do none of that. I have to ask for, like, blood work. My lawyers have to call them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED requested an interview with Yuba County’s sheriff (and a tour inside the jail) many times over the course of five months. Sheriff Steven L. Durfor declined to speak with us, citing many reasons, including the lawsuit challenging jail conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898770-Dkt-180-Defs-Opp-to-Pls-MTE-1-18-17-1255-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court documents\u003c/a>, the Yuba County counsel wrote that jail guards and medical staff are appropriately trained, have passed inspections and successfully “balance the legitimate interests of the jail with the rights of inmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How Yuba County Got Entwined With ICE\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>It’s not as if Yuba County set out to become so reliant on immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County spokesman Russ Brown, who also handles legislative affairs, said the county’s financial dependence on ICE has grown over the years, largely due to elemental forces that eroded the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599241\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-800x513.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-800x513.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-1180x757.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-960x616.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-240x154.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-520x334.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">County spokesman Russ Brown stands where a levee broke in 1986, leading to a devastating flood of the nearby towns of Olivehurst and Linda. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people in Yuba County live and work near the confluence of the Feather and Yuba rivers -- an area prone to flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said a catastrophic flood in 1986 started a downward spiral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That February, following a series of severe winter storms, a levee on the Yuba River collapsed, opening a 30-foot-wide gap that allowed water to engulf the towns of Linda and Olivehurst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aerial photographs of the flood show whole neighborhoods submerged in water, with only the rooftops of houses showing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flooding covered more than 30 square miles, killing one person, destroying nearly 900 homes and causing $95 million in damage, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bepreparedyuba.org/pages/prepare/history.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yuba County Office of Emergency Services\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of those events,” Brown said. “It changes the status of a community overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11604786\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11604786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-800x1360.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-800x1360.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-160x272.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-1020x1734.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-1180x2006.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-960x1632.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-240x408.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-375x638.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-520x884.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yuba County \u003ccite>(Mark Fiore/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The flood also destroyed a vital economic driver for the county: the Peach Tree Mall in Linda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary Jane Griego, a former Yuba County supervisor who owns and runs the popular \u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/dukes-diner-olivehurst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Duke’s Diner\u003c/a> in Olivehurst, remembers she was driving right by the mall that evening in 1986 when a sheriff’s deputy stopped her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a deputy that skidded into the intersection,” Griego recalled, “And he said, ‘Lady, the levee broke and here comes the water!’ And I looked over there and this wall of water is coming right towards the mall and towards us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tore off in her car and drove to higher ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water rose to nearly the top of the mall, forcing people inside to escape to the roof, to be airlifted to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-800x560.jpg\" alt=\"After a levee broke water rose almost to the top of the Peach Tree Mall. More than 30 years later the mall still sits empty.\" width=\"800\" height=\"560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-800x560.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-1020x714.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-1180x826.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-960x672.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-240x168.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-375x263.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-520x364.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After a levee broke, water rose almost to the top of the Peach Tree Mall. More than 30 years later, the mall still sits empty. \u003ccite>(Michael J. Nevins/U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>ICE Contract Helps Yuba County Weather Economic Downturns\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Griego sees the destruction of the mall as an economic blow from which Yuba County has yet to recover, even three decades later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Peach Tree Mall opened in the 1970s it held a movie theater, an arcade, and plenty of shops and eateries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where all the kids hung out.” Griego recalled, “Either you were working there at the Orange Julius, meeting your friends there, or stopping by J.C. Penney’s to pick up some clothes for school. It was the place to be at!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the Peach Tree Mall sits with boarded-up windows and doors chained shut. It’s too far gone to renovate, and too expensive to remove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599231\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599231\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-800x473.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-800x473.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-160x95.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-1020x604.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-1180x698.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-960x568.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-240x142.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-375x222.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-520x308.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">County officials tried moving government offices into the husk of the Peach Tree Mall. But it was too moldy for habitation. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s depressing to look at,” Griego said. “All 57 businesses left and not one of them came back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of those businesses relocated to a mall just across the Feather River in neighboring Sutter County, and most Yuba residents now cross the bridge to shop there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching that sales tax revenue pour into another county, Griego said, makes her “resentful, mad, angry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another catastrophic flood in 1997 caused an additional $300 million in economic losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griego was first elected to the Board of Supervisors in 2000. She said the economy was in bad shape, forcing county officials to cut back vital services for residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cut a lot,” Griego recalled. “I mean we cut to the bone, and then we cut to the bone marrow after that. And then there was nothing left to cut.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hardship for Yuba residents would have been even worse, she said, had it not been for the revenue from the contract to detain immigrants for ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, the Board of Supervisors approved an expansion of the contract to lease up to 220 jail beds -- more than half of the entire jail -- to ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Yuba County's History of Immigration\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"file\" ids=\"11599331,11599327,11599330,11599236,11599326,11599316\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Ongoing Allegations Over Negligent Medical Care\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>While the contract has helped the county, inmates and their advocates say the funds from the ICE contract haven't led to improved jail conditions -- for immigration detainees or the rest of the jail population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grand juries, human rights advocates and lawyers for inmates -- along with ICE auditors and county officials -- all have documented problems, ranging from inadequate medical and mental health care to overcrowding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yuba County Jail can hold up to 433 inmates, and it’s usually close to full, ICE audits and state data show. The jail shares a cramped building, originally built in 1962, with the courthouse, county records and part of the sheriff’s department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED was not permitted inside the jail, but a view of the conditions can be gained from government records and photographs taken by lawyers. The cells have bars with flaking paint. The jail’s medical facilities are underground. A May 2015 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grand jury report\u003c/a> noted that staff call part of the facility the “dungeon.” But the grand jury was more concerned with the lengthy delays for some inmates to see a doctor, or even a nurse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599319\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 390px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11599319\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29.jpg 390w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-240x182.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-375x285.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One room houses Yuba County Jail's medical exam area, a telepsychiatry space and offices for medical staff. \u003ccite>(Photo from Yuba County's application to the Board of State and Community Corrections)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Yuba County Jail’s medical staff struggles to function in a small space, county officials wrote in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898590-Yuba-County-BSCC-Proposal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a grant application\u003c/a> to the state. Staff members use a single room for medical exams, psychiatry appointments and as an office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael described the lack of privacy. “They take you in with a bunch of inmates, and other inmates are waiting for their appointment,” he said. “Everybody can hear clearly what you're talking about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael said he wrote notes to the doctor as a way to explain his concerns privately. But then the doctor read the notes aloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still scared, you know,” he said. “I don’t like people finding out my medical situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/dro/detention-standards/pdf/medical_care.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">medical policy\u003c/a> specifically requires facilities to ensure patient confidentiality, especially for people with HIV. In several reports ICE criticized the Yuba jail’s policy of allowing jail guards to read inmates’ medical requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some inmates say they’ve suffered much more egregious problems with guards at the Yuba County Jail. Orsay Alegria-Simuta told KQED that he was beaten by a jail guard earlier this year while having an epileptic seizure. He said the staff denied him his prescribed medication and placed him in isolation for three days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am not a criminal,” said Alegria-Simuta, who was held by ICE for months while in deportation proceedings. “I simply wanted my pills that day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alegria-Simuta, a native of Mexico*, is no longer locked up. But he said his right hand remains damaged from the beating. ICE is investigating the incident. The jail guard resigned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials say Yuba County does a poor job of monitoring its own jail. In recent audits ICE found that the facility did not properly investigate \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898587-Yuba-County-Jail-August-2014-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sexual assaults\u003c/a> or guards’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898586-Yuba-County-Jail-April-2012-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use of force\u003c/a>. Jail officials did not medically screen inmates after such incidents, and failed to inform ICE about what occurred, the audits found. County officials did not respond in writing to ICE audits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Attorneys Sue Over Jail Conditions\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Conditions at the jail have been notorious for so long that the county has been under \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898596-Dkt-163-6-PROP-Order-Granting-MTE-CD-for-Further.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court order\u003c/a> to improve them for 38 years. Attorney Jennifer Stark, who helped with a lawsuit to enforce the order, has toured the jail several times and has spoken with immigrant detainees and other inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stark described an October 2014 incident in which a man attempted to hang himself in the shower, using a sheet. Other inmates found the man, but because there was no emergency call button they had to scream for several minutes to get the guards’ attention, she said. When the guards arrived, they weren’t carrying the proper masks to conduct CPR, so it was the inmates who worked to revive the man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599237\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11599237\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hallway leading to sections of the jail, including the H-tank. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Rosen Bien Galvan & Grunfeld LLP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The jail knew about this problem and did nothing,” said Stark. “No emergency call buttons were put into the old jail. … A few months later the very person who had been attempting CPR on his friend attempted to hang himself in the H-tank shower in the exact same way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898770-Dkt-180-Defs-Opp-to-Pls-MTE-1-18-17-1255-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court documents\u003c/a>, the Yuba County counsel called the concerns about suicide “exaggerated and misconceived.” The county noted that no inmates have died of suicide in the last 10 years and that “acts of self-harm do not equate a suicide attempt.” Court documents also show that, starting in March 2015, the jail added 16 emergency buttons and 13 security cameras, and is in the process of eliminating pipes that inmates could use to hang themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent grand jury\u003c/a> was worried that inmates were unable to access psychiatric help, and when they did it was mainly through videoconferencing. When inmates told staff that they were having a mental health crisis, they were sometimes placed in isolation for days at a time, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grand jury\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898587-Yuba-County-Jail-August-2014-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ICE\u003c/a> found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael’s lawyer, Kelly Wells, told KQED that she had been representing Rafael for several months before he admitted he was having suicidal thoughts at Yuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He told me that he hadn't revealed them to ICE specifically because he was afraid that he would be put into some kind of worse conditions,” Wells said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A $20 million grant from the state will help pay for a new medical wing, scheduled to open in 2020, with more space for confidential treatment. In the meantime, jail officials have increased group therapy with a crisis counselor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent grand jury also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898576-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2015-16.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">noted \u003c/a>that despite problems, “overall, the Jail runs very effectively given their limited budget.“\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898590-Yuba-County-BSCC-Proposal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an application\u003c/a> for the grant to build the new medical and mental health wing for the jail, county officials wrote that “the existing mental health and medical treatment, dental treatment, medical holding, medical and mental health beds, inmate programs, staff support, and laundry spaces are all deficient or non-existent in this facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Conditions of Detention Spur State Response\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Ongoing reports of inadequate care for immigrant detainees in California jails and private prisons prompted several state lawmakers to try to overhaul the state’s role in ICE detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599240\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-800x1238.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1238\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-800x1238.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-160x248.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-1020x1578.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-1180x1826.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-960x1486.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-240x371.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-375x580.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-520x805.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Senate President Pro Tem Kevin \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> (D-Los Angeles) in his office in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Trump’s promise to deport millions more undocumented people added to the urgency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate President Pro Tem Kevin \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> (D-Los Angeles) introduced a bill this year that would prohibit local agencies from using resources “to investigate, interrogate, detain, detect, or arrest” people for immigration purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It begs some ethical questions: whether counties should be profiteering on a very polarizing and polemic issue, which is the issue of immigration,” \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 54\u003c/a> does not explicitly target the ICE contracts of a dozen California cities and counties, including Yuba County, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898594-2017-2018-SB54-Senate-Floor-Analyses.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legislative staff analysis\u003c/a> observes “prohibitions in the bill would make local law enforcement agencies legally unable to continue to carry out such a contract.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other measures could also impact local jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 29\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Ricardo Lara (D-Los Angeles), would require local jails with ICE detainees to provide a higher standard of care and subject them to a new layer of scrutiny. The attorney general would also be able to sue counties and cities and private prisons for any gross violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB630\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 630\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Nancy Skinner (D-Berkeley), would withhold state funds for jail construction from counties, including Yuba, Orange and Contra Costa, that hold people for ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three bills have passed the state Senate. The Assembly will vote on them later this summer. If they pass it’s unclear whether Gov. Jerry Brown will sign them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Yuba Braces for Loss of Funds\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Sacramento’s legislative backlash against the Trump administration’s immigration agenda frustrates officials in Yuba County. They say struggling local governments, not the state, will pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County spokesman Brown said federal funds for detaining immigrants are now so closely intertwined with the general budget that any loss could force the county to shut down vital services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will decimate the budget of this sheriff's department, it will cause severe problems in terms of how they're able to serve our residents,” Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheriff could be forced to cut deputies patrolling the streets -- or find other ways to economize, Brown says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately Yuba County leaders fear they might have to shut down the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11599341 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sheriff's deputies drive through Marysville, California, the seat of Yuba County. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Rafael Gets His Day in Court\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>None of these changes will directly impact Rafael. He was released from the Yuba County Jail in April after being locked up for eight months. The medical staff finally began giving him his hepatitis C medication in the last three weeks of his incarceration. At his final immigration hearing, a judge found that Rafael has a legitimate fear of persecution if he were deported to Mexico, and granted him “withholding of removal.” It allows him to stay in the United States legally, but does not provide a path to citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was really relieved for him because honestly, by that point, I had really started to lose faith in the immigration system,” said Rafael’s lawyer, Wells. “I've seen cases drag out and clients remain detained for so long for no reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just a few months after winning his freedom, Rafael found a new home and a new job in the Bay Area. Wells said Rafael is excited to spend more time with his two young children, who are both U.S. citizens. She’s currently helping him get health insurance so that he can see a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED asked Rafael for an interview after he was freed, but he declined. He said he doesn’t want to relive everything he’s been through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[yubaDox]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*Note that this piece has been updated to clarify Rafael's first immigration consultation. We have also updated the story to state that Orsay Alegria-Simuta's is from Mexico.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Federal dollars help keep rural Yuba County in the black, but critics say the jail is failing when it comes to inmates' medical needs.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>nside his cell in the Yuba County Jail, Rafael was vomiting again, too weak and dizzy to stand. He is HIV-positive and has hepatitis C. Without treatment, the two can be a deadly combination. But Rafael, 27, had not been treated for hepatitis C in six months, his medical records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED agreed not to use Rafael’s real name, to protect his medical privacy. More than once, Rafael says, he has been the target of violence as a result of the stigma of his illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By March, Rafael had been held in the jail for half a year, waiting to find out if he would be deported to Mexico, the country of his birth. He tried to tune out the arguments of the other inmates over what to watch on television -- a struggle between criminal defendants and immigration detainees, orange uniforms versus red ones. He tried to ignore the flooded bathroom sinks. He tried to ignore the nausea. More than anything else, he thought about seeing a regular doctor rather than the jail's medical staff, who seemed to dismiss his worsening condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael is one of roughly 200 men and women held by Immigration and Customs Enforcement at the Yuba jail on any given day. They make up about half of the jail population here in this rural county in the Sacramento Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Trump administration moves to vastly expand the deportation of immigrants, county jails across the country could be increasingly put to use to detain them because ICE facilities have simply \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/08/how-trump-could-detain-more-immigrants-in-california/\">run out of room\u003c/a>. But ICE itself has repeatedly faulted Yuba County -- and other jails where immigrant detainees are held -- for inadequate conditions that fail to meet ICE's own standards. Yuba also faces a lawsuit over what inmate advocates call “negligent” care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern over a lack of safe and humane conditions at Yuba, and across ICE's already strained detention system, is propelling some California lawmakers to try to disentangle the state from Trump's deportation push.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three bills moving through the California Legislature could alter -- or end -- the ability of cities and counties to enter into detention contracts with ICE. But Yuba officials say that could spell disaster for their county’s finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Expanding Detention and Deportation\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Yuba County is among about 200 U.S. cities and counties that hold ICE detainees in local jails and private prisons under multimillion-dollar contracts with the federal government. Nationally, an average of 37,706 people a day are locked up, facing deportation. That’s 17 percent more than in fiscal year 2016, according to ICE data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yuba jail began detaining immigrants for the federal government in 1994. These days, the arrangement generates close to $6 million a year. That money supports half of the sheriff’s operations, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.co.yuba.ca.us/Departments/CAO/Budget/15-16/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">county budget proposal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You come to rely upon that,” said county spokesman Russ Brown. “We make no bones about that. We've been able to find some level of stability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said Yuba County and other local governments that have held ICE contracts for decades are now caught in a political crossfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yuba County is conducting a service and (we) have been for years, and then because of a political battle Yuba County could very well see public safety fall off the map,\" Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599246\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-800x555.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"555\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-800x555.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-1020x708.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-1180x819.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-960x667.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-375x260.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-520x361.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigrant detainees help a sheriff's deputy carry items to a truck outside the Yuba County Jail. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Fleeing the Stigma of HIV\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Rafael was 6 months old when he came with his parents to the Bay Area from Mexico. He went to school in San Francisco and all of his family lives here, he says. As a kid he’d rent out local driveways and parking lots for 49ers football games. He punctuates every few words with “like” or “you know.” It wasn’t until he was in high school that he discovered he didn’t have legal status in the United States. That’s when his parents took him to meet an immigration lawyer after he was a victim of a crime.*\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before getting protection, he was arrested for drug possession and deported in 2010. In Mexico he discovered he was HIV-positive. That began a cycle of re-entries and deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael said he was physically threatened while seeking treatment for HIV in Mexico. He and his lawyers say he suffered even more traumatic incidents there. KQED agreed not to disclose them because he hasn’t shared what happened with his family. But he said he feared for his life, and fled back to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2016, Rafael had been diagnosed with hepatitis C, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, along with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Last September, he was convicted of driving under the influence and served 42 days at an Alameda County jail. As he was being released, Rafael was apprehended in the jail lobby by two immigration officers who sent him to ICE detention near Sacramento, ICE records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, Rafael tried to get an attorney to fight his deportation. He composed letters to lawyers outlining his fears and his medical conditions. He hid them under his mattress, the only private place he could find. One day, he returned from court to the cell he shared with several other men and saw his private papers out in the open, spread on top of his bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Usually everybody came in and greeted me, just said, ‘How’s it going?’ But that day everybody was just looking at me,” Rafael said. He described the incident later in a phone call from jail, speaking softly so other inmates wouldn’t overhear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the confrontation unfolded, Rafael said, a friend warned him that his cellmates had read his letters and were threatening to harm him if he didn’t leave the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody thought that they were going to get my infections, through me sitting down on the toilet and stuff like that,” Rafael said. “So everybody just decided that I had to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael grabbed his belongings and rushed to the common area, where he pressed an emergency button to summon the guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his safety, ICE transferred Rafael from Sacramento to the Yuba County Jail in Marysville on Oct. 27.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Waiting for Treatment\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>When ICE moves a detainee, the agency is supposed to transfer all of the person’s medical records. But documents show that Yuba County Jail staff didn’t know at first that Rafael had hepatitis C. Even after they had confirmed his diagnosis, they still did not treat him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They weren't trying to give me my medicine, and I had symptoms,” he said in an interview from the jail. “I always put (in) my request to see the doctors and all they do is just give me, like, just Tums,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599250\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-800x1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-520x780.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelly Wells works in the small office she shares with other immigration attorneys at Dolores Street Community Services in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kelly Wells, an immigration attorney with \u003ca href=\"http://www.dscs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dolores Street Community Services\u003c/a>, took on Rafael’s deportation case. But she said she ended up spending a lot of her time pushing jail officials to provide proper medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hep C, HIV co-infection can proceed within a matter of months to liver failure and death. So obviously we had a lot of concerns. He was exhibiting symptoms at the time, too -- symptoms that we don’t know what they were, as lawyers,” Wells says. “What we know is, he needs to see a real doctor who knows hep C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Rafael and his attorneys, Wells and Frances Kreimer, submitted requests for him to see a specialist as he became more ill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don't treat you like a human being (in jail),” Rafael said. “It’s really different outside. My doctors would stay and explain to me, you know, details and stuff like that. They would do blood work and they would do all kinds of stuff to make sure that I didn't have anything else, you know, [a] complication. But in here, they don't do none of that. I have to ask for, like, blood work. My lawyers have to call them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED requested an interview with Yuba County’s sheriff (and a tour inside the jail) many times over the course of five months. Sheriff Steven L. Durfor declined to speak with us, citing many reasons, including the lawsuit challenging jail conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898770-Dkt-180-Defs-Opp-to-Pls-MTE-1-18-17-1255-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court documents\u003c/a>, the Yuba County counsel wrote that jail guards and medical staff are appropriately trained, have passed inspections and successfully “balance the legitimate interests of the jail with the rights of inmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How Yuba County Got Entwined With ICE\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>It’s not as if Yuba County set out to become so reliant on immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County spokesman Russ Brown, who also handles legislative affairs, said the county’s financial dependence on ICE has grown over the years, largely due to elemental forces that eroded the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599241\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-800x513.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-800x513.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-1180x757.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-960x616.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-240x154.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-520x334.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">County spokesman Russ Brown stands where a levee broke in 1986, leading to a devastating flood of the nearby towns of Olivehurst and Linda. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people in Yuba County live and work near the confluence of the Feather and Yuba rivers -- an area prone to flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said a catastrophic flood in 1986 started a downward spiral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That February, following a series of severe winter storms, a levee on the Yuba River collapsed, opening a 30-foot-wide gap that allowed water to engulf the towns of Linda and Olivehurst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aerial photographs of the flood show whole neighborhoods submerged in water, with only the rooftops of houses showing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flooding covered more than 30 square miles, killing one person, destroying nearly 900 homes and causing $95 million in damage, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bepreparedyuba.org/pages/prepare/history.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yuba County Office of Emergency Services\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of those events,” Brown said. “It changes the status of a community overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11604786\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11604786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-800x1360.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-800x1360.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-160x272.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-1020x1734.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-1180x2006.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-960x1632.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-240x408.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-375x638.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-520x884.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yuba County \u003ccite>(Mark Fiore/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The flood also destroyed a vital economic driver for the county: the Peach Tree Mall in Linda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary Jane Griego, a former Yuba County supervisor who owns and runs the popular \u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/dukes-diner-olivehurst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Duke’s Diner\u003c/a> in Olivehurst, remembers she was driving right by the mall that evening in 1986 when a sheriff’s deputy stopped her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a deputy that skidded into the intersection,” Griego recalled, “And he said, ‘Lady, the levee broke and here comes the water!’ And I looked over there and this wall of water is coming right towards the mall and towards us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tore off in her car and drove to higher ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water rose to nearly the top of the mall, forcing people inside to escape to the roof, to be airlifted to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-800x560.jpg\" alt=\"After a levee broke water rose almost to the top of the Peach Tree Mall. More than 30 years later the mall still sits empty.\" width=\"800\" height=\"560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-800x560.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-1020x714.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-1180x826.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-960x672.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-240x168.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-375x263.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-520x364.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After a levee broke, water rose almost to the top of the Peach Tree Mall. More than 30 years later, the mall still sits empty. \u003ccite>(Michael J. Nevins/U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>ICE Contract Helps Yuba County Weather Economic Downturns\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Griego sees the destruction of the mall as an economic blow from which Yuba County has yet to recover, even three decades later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Peach Tree Mall opened in the 1970s it held a movie theater, an arcade, and plenty of shops and eateries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where all the kids hung out.” Griego recalled, “Either you were working there at the Orange Julius, meeting your friends there, or stopping by J.C. Penney’s to pick up some clothes for school. It was the place to be at!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the Peach Tree Mall sits with boarded-up windows and doors chained shut. It’s too far gone to renovate, and too expensive to remove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599231\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599231\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-800x473.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-800x473.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-160x95.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-1020x604.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-1180x698.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-960x568.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-240x142.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-375x222.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-520x308.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">County officials tried moving government offices into the husk of the Peach Tree Mall. But it was too moldy for habitation. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s depressing to look at,” Griego said. “All 57 businesses left and not one of them came back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of those businesses relocated to a mall just across the Feather River in neighboring Sutter County, and most Yuba residents now cross the bridge to shop there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching that sales tax revenue pour into another county, Griego said, makes her “resentful, mad, angry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another catastrophic flood in 1997 caused an additional $300 million in economic losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griego was first elected to the Board of Supervisors in 2000. She said the economy was in bad shape, forcing county officials to cut back vital services for residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cut a lot,” Griego recalled. “I mean we cut to the bone, and then we cut to the bone marrow after that. And then there was nothing left to cut.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hardship for Yuba residents would have been even worse, she said, had it not been for the revenue from the contract to detain immigrants for ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, the Board of Supervisors approved an expansion of the contract to lease up to 220 jail beds -- more than half of the entire jail -- to ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Yuba County's History of Immigration\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Ongoing Allegations Over Negligent Medical Care\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>While the contract has helped the county, inmates and their advocates say the funds from the ICE contract haven't led to improved jail conditions -- for immigration detainees or the rest of the jail population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grand juries, human rights advocates and lawyers for inmates -- along with ICE auditors and county officials -- all have documented problems, ranging from inadequate medical and mental health care to overcrowding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yuba County Jail can hold up to 433 inmates, and it’s usually close to full, ICE audits and state data show. The jail shares a cramped building, originally built in 1962, with the courthouse, county records and part of the sheriff’s department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED was not permitted inside the jail, but a view of the conditions can be gained from government records and photographs taken by lawyers. The cells have bars with flaking paint. The jail’s medical facilities are underground. A May 2015 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grand jury report\u003c/a> noted that staff call part of the facility the “dungeon.” But the grand jury was more concerned with the lengthy delays for some inmates to see a doctor, or even a nurse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599319\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 390px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11599319\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29.jpg 390w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-240x182.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-375x285.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One room houses Yuba County Jail's medical exam area, a telepsychiatry space and offices for medical staff. \u003ccite>(Photo from Yuba County's application to the Board of State and Community Corrections)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Yuba County Jail’s medical staff struggles to function in a small space, county officials wrote in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898590-Yuba-County-BSCC-Proposal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a grant application\u003c/a> to the state. Staff members use a single room for medical exams, psychiatry appointments and as an office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael described the lack of privacy. “They take you in with a bunch of inmates, and other inmates are waiting for their appointment,” he said. “Everybody can hear clearly what you're talking about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael said he wrote notes to the doctor as a way to explain his concerns privately. But then the doctor read the notes aloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still scared, you know,” he said. “I don’t like people finding out my medical situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/dro/detention-standards/pdf/medical_care.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">medical policy\u003c/a> specifically requires facilities to ensure patient confidentiality, especially for people with HIV. In several reports ICE criticized the Yuba jail’s policy of allowing jail guards to read inmates’ medical requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some inmates say they’ve suffered much more egregious problems with guards at the Yuba County Jail. Orsay Alegria-Simuta told KQED that he was beaten by a jail guard earlier this year while having an epileptic seizure. He said the staff denied him his prescribed medication and placed him in isolation for three days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am not a criminal,” said Alegria-Simuta, who was held by ICE for months while in deportation proceedings. “I simply wanted my pills that day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alegria-Simuta, a native of Mexico*, is no longer locked up. But he said his right hand remains damaged from the beating. ICE is investigating the incident. The jail guard resigned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials say Yuba County does a poor job of monitoring its own jail. In recent audits ICE found that the facility did not properly investigate \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898587-Yuba-County-Jail-August-2014-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sexual assaults\u003c/a> or guards’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898586-Yuba-County-Jail-April-2012-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use of force\u003c/a>. Jail officials did not medically screen inmates after such incidents, and failed to inform ICE about what occurred, the audits found. County officials did not respond in writing to ICE audits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Attorneys Sue Over Jail Conditions\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Conditions at the jail have been notorious for so long that the county has been under \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898596-Dkt-163-6-PROP-Order-Granting-MTE-CD-for-Further.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court order\u003c/a> to improve them for 38 years. Attorney Jennifer Stark, who helped with a lawsuit to enforce the order, has toured the jail several times and has spoken with immigrant detainees and other inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stark described an October 2014 incident in which a man attempted to hang himself in the shower, using a sheet. Other inmates found the man, but because there was no emergency call button they had to scream for several minutes to get the guards’ attention, she said. When the guards arrived, they weren’t carrying the proper masks to conduct CPR, so it was the inmates who worked to revive the man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599237\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11599237\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hallway leading to sections of the jail, including the H-tank. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Rosen Bien Galvan & Grunfeld LLP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The jail knew about this problem and did nothing,” said Stark. “No emergency call buttons were put into the old jail. … A few months later the very person who had been attempting CPR on his friend attempted to hang himself in the H-tank shower in the exact same way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898770-Dkt-180-Defs-Opp-to-Pls-MTE-1-18-17-1255-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court documents\u003c/a>, the Yuba County counsel called the concerns about suicide “exaggerated and misconceived.” The county noted that no inmates have died of suicide in the last 10 years and that “acts of self-harm do not equate a suicide attempt.” Court documents also show that, starting in March 2015, the jail added 16 emergency buttons and 13 security cameras, and is in the process of eliminating pipes that inmates could use to hang themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent grand jury\u003c/a> was worried that inmates were unable to access psychiatric help, and when they did it was mainly through videoconferencing. When inmates told staff that they were having a mental health crisis, they were sometimes placed in isolation for days at a time, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grand jury\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898587-Yuba-County-Jail-August-2014-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ICE\u003c/a> found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael’s lawyer, Kelly Wells, told KQED that she had been representing Rafael for several months before he admitted he was having suicidal thoughts at Yuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He told me that he hadn't revealed them to ICE specifically because he was afraid that he would be put into some kind of worse conditions,” Wells said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A $20 million grant from the state will help pay for a new medical wing, scheduled to open in 2020, with more space for confidential treatment. In the meantime, jail officials have increased group therapy with a crisis counselor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent grand jury also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898576-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2015-16.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">noted \u003c/a>that despite problems, “overall, the Jail runs very effectively given their limited budget.“\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898590-Yuba-County-BSCC-Proposal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an application\u003c/a> for the grant to build the new medical and mental health wing for the jail, county officials wrote that “the existing mental health and medical treatment, dental treatment, medical holding, medical and mental health beds, inmate programs, staff support, and laundry spaces are all deficient or non-existent in this facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Conditions of Detention Spur State Response\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Ongoing reports of inadequate care for immigrant detainees in California jails and private prisons prompted several state lawmakers to try to overhaul the state’s role in ICE detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599240\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-800x1238.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1238\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-800x1238.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-160x248.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-1020x1578.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-1180x1826.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-960x1486.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-240x371.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-375x580.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-520x805.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Senate President Pro Tem Kevin \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> (D-Los Angeles) in his office in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Trump’s promise to deport millions more undocumented people added to the urgency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate President Pro Tem Kevin \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> (D-Los Angeles) introduced a bill this year that would prohibit local agencies from using resources “to investigate, interrogate, detain, detect, or arrest” people for immigration purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It begs some ethical questions: whether counties should be profiteering on a very polarizing and polemic issue, which is the issue of immigration,” \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 54\u003c/a> does not explicitly target the ICE contracts of a dozen California cities and counties, including Yuba County, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898594-2017-2018-SB54-Senate-Floor-Analyses.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legislative staff analysis\u003c/a> observes “prohibitions in the bill would make local law enforcement agencies legally unable to continue to carry out such a contract.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other measures could also impact local jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 29\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Ricardo Lara (D-Los Angeles), would require local jails with ICE detainees to provide a higher standard of care and subject them to a new layer of scrutiny. The attorney general would also be able to sue counties and cities and private prisons for any gross violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB630\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 630\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Nancy Skinner (D-Berkeley), would withhold state funds for jail construction from counties, including Yuba, Orange and Contra Costa, that hold people for ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three bills have passed the state Senate. The Assembly will vote on them later this summer. If they pass it’s unclear whether Gov. Jerry Brown will sign them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Yuba Braces for Loss of Funds\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Sacramento’s legislative backlash against the Trump administration’s immigration agenda frustrates officials in Yuba County. They say struggling local governments, not the state, will pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County spokesman Brown said federal funds for detaining immigrants are now so closely intertwined with the general budget that any loss could force the county to shut down vital services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will decimate the budget of this sheriff's department, it will cause severe problems in terms of how they're able to serve our residents,” Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheriff could be forced to cut deputies patrolling the streets -- or find other ways to economize, Brown says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately Yuba County leaders fear they might have to shut down the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11599341 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sheriff's deputies drive through Marysville, California, the seat of Yuba County. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Rafael Gets His Day in Court\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>None of these changes will directly impact Rafael. He was released from the Yuba County Jail in April after being locked up for eight months. The medical staff finally began giving him his hepatitis C medication in the last three weeks of his incarceration. At his final immigration hearing, a judge found that Rafael has a legitimate fear of persecution if he were deported to Mexico, and granted him “withholding of removal.” It allows him to stay in the United States legally, but does not provide a path to citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was really relieved for him because honestly, by that point, I had really started to lose faith in the immigration system,” said Rafael’s lawyer, Wells. “I've seen cases drag out and clients remain detained for so long for no reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just a few months after winning his freedom, Rafael found a new home and a new job in the Bay Area. Wells said Rafael is excited to spend more time with his two young children, who are both U.S. citizens. She’s currently helping him get health insurance so that he can see a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED asked Rafael for an interview after he was freed, but he declined. He said he doesn’t want to relive everything he’s been through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[yubaDox]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*Note that this piece has been updated to clarify Rafael's first immigration consultation. We have also updated the story to state that Orsay Alegria-Simuta's is from Mexico.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "MAP: Where ICE Detains Immigrants",
"headTitle": "MAP: Where ICE Detains Immigrants | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>This fiscal year immigration officials are detaining more people across the country in local jails and private prisons than they did last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, the government must detain people before deporting them. The average number of people in immigration detention on any given day nationally increased by 17 percent from fiscal year 2016 to fiscal year 2017, according to data obtained by KQED through a Freedom of Information Act request. Data are only available for the first part of fiscal year 2017 from October 3, 2016 to March 20, 2017. The federal government’s fiscal year begins in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”fOflMiW9vi8YxT1LjQiwyZhUnL4XMrRO”]Immigration and Customs Enforcement relies on a network of more than 200 locally operated jails (purple), private prisons (blue) and their own facilities (yellow) to hold all these people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1482\" height=\"1120\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11953646\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png 1482w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-800x605.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-1020x771.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-160x121.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1482px) 100vw, 1482px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\n\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>We can see that ICE has far more contracts with local county and city jails to hold people than with private companies. However, jails can hold only so many people because they’re often smaller than private prisons, and regular jail populations can vary drastically. So, although there are more local jails holding detainees, there are far more detainees in privately operated prisons. When we adjust for population, we can see how many more detainees are in private prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data show that over the last few months ICE has increasingly relied on private detention, where it’s generally cheaper to incarcerate people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between October 2016 and March 2017 the government signed additional contracts to detain people in eight new private facilities, seven new county jails and one new city jail. It also ended 28 contracts. However, most of those were with county jails that had not held detainees for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, ICE had contracts to hold people in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>44 private prisons\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>153 local jails\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Five of its own facilities\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As of March 20, 2017, about two-thirds of detainees were held in privately operated prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"noborder callout aligncenter\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-9PmdQ\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/9PmdQ/3/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">if(\"undefined\"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"]={},window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].embedDeltas={\"100\":757,\"200\":571,\"300\":473,\"400\":456,\"500\":417,\"600\":400,\"700\":400,\"800\":400,\"900\":400,\"1000\":400},window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-9PmdQ\"),window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.style.height=window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+\"px\",window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var b in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])if(\"9PmdQ\"==b)window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][b]+\"px\"});\u003c/script>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The number of detainees is also increasing because of new policies to automatically detain more people. And those people are being detained longer, as more people go into immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite hiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/news-and-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">45 new immigration judges\u003c/a> since January, the court’s backlog continues to grow, according to data from \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/court_backlog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Syracuse University’s Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse\u003c/a>. As of June, it took an average of 667 days to close a case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout noborder aligncenter\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-WWuK4\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WWuK4/2/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">if(\"undefined\"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"]={},window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].embedDeltas={\"100\":410,\"200\":337,\"300\":312,\"400\":295,\"500\":295,\"600\":295,\"700\":295,\"800\":295,\"900\":295,\"1000\":295},window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-WWuK4\"),window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.style.height=window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+\"px\",window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var b in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])if(\"WWuK4\"==b)window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][b]+\"px\"});\u003c/script>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em; float:right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>In the first four months of the Trump presidency, immigration officers \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/17/immigration-arrests-climb-by-almost-40-percent-under-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">arrested 38 percent more people\u003c/a> than in the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both immigration officials and advocates expect detention populations to continue to increase as more people are arrested, more people are automatically detained and the immigration court backlog increases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This fiscal year immigration officials are detaining more people across the country in local jails and private prisons than they did last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, the government must detain people before deporting them. The average number of people in immigration detention on any given day nationally increased by 17 percent from fiscal year 2016 to fiscal year 2017, according to data obtained by KQED through a Freedom of Information Act request. Data are only available for the first part of fiscal year 2017 from October 3, 2016 to March 20, 2017. The federal government’s fiscal year begins in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Immigration and Customs Enforcement relies on a network of more than 200 locally operated jails (purple), private prisons (blue) and their own facilities (yellow) to hold all these people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1482\" height=\"1120\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11953646\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png 1482w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-800x605.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-1020x771.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-160x121.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1482px) 100vw, 1482px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\n\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>We can see that ICE has far more contracts with local county and city jails to hold people than with private companies. However, jails can hold only so many people because they’re often smaller than private prisons, and regular jail populations can vary drastically. So, although there are more local jails holding detainees, there are far more detainees in privately operated prisons. When we adjust for population, we can see how many more detainees are in private prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data show that over the last few months ICE has increasingly relied on private detention, where it’s generally cheaper to incarcerate people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between October 2016 and March 2017 the government signed additional contracts to detain people in eight new private facilities, seven new county jails and one new city jail. It also ended 28 contracts. However, most of those were with county jails that had not held detainees for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, ICE had contracts to hold people in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>44 private prisons\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>153 local jails\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Five of its own facilities\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As of March 20, 2017, about two-thirds of detainees were held in privately operated prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"noborder callout aligncenter\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-9PmdQ\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/9PmdQ/3/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">if(\"undefined\"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"]={},window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].embedDeltas={\"100\":757,\"200\":571,\"300\":473,\"400\":456,\"500\":417,\"600\":400,\"700\":400,\"800\":400,\"900\":400,\"1000\":400},window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-9PmdQ\"),window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.style.height=window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+\"px\",window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var b in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])if(\"9PmdQ\"==b)window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][b]+\"px\"});\u003c/script>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The number of detainees is also increasing because of new policies to automatically detain more people. And those people are being detained longer, as more people go into immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite hiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/news-and-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">45 new immigration judges\u003c/a> since January, the court’s backlog continues to grow, according to data from \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/court_backlog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Syracuse University’s Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse\u003c/a>. As of June, it took an average of 667 days to close a case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout noborder aligncenter\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-WWuK4\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WWuK4/2/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">if(\"undefined\"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"]={},window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].embedDeltas={\"100\":410,\"200\":337,\"300\":312,\"400\":295,\"500\":295,\"600\":295,\"700\":295,\"800\":295,\"900\":295,\"1000\":295},window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-WWuK4\"),window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.style.height=window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+\"px\",window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var b in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])if(\"WWuK4\"==b)window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][b]+\"px\"});\u003c/script>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em; float:right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>In the first four months of the Trump presidency, immigration officers \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/17/immigration-arrests-climb-by-almost-40-percent-under-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">arrested 38 percent more people\u003c/a> than in the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both immigration officials and advocates expect detention populations to continue to increase as more people are arrested, more people are automatically detained and the immigration court backlog increases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Homeland Security to Waive Environmental Rules on Border Wall Projects",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 4:31 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Homeland Security \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/08/01/dhs-issues-waiver-expedite-border-construction-projects-san-diego-area\">announced Tuesday\u003c/a> that it will use its authority to bypass environmental laws and other regulations to \"ensure the expeditious construction of barriers and roads\" near the U.S.-Mexico border south of San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The sector remains an area of high illegal entry for which there is an immediate need to improve current infrastructure and construct additional border barriers and roads,\" the agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/08/01/dhs-issues-waiver-expedite-border-construction-projects-san-diego-area\">said in a statement\u003c/a>. \"To begin to meet the need for additional border infrastructure in this area, DHS will implement various border infrastructure projects.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The waiver, which focuses on 15 miles of contiguous land stretching eastward from the Pacific Ocean, would make it easier for the agency to embark on those \"infrastructure projects,\" which include building \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/04/05/522712279/photos-the-many-possible-shapes-of-trumps-border-wall\">several prototypes\u003c/a> of the border wall President Trump called for in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/25/511565740/trump-expected-to-order-building-of-u-s-mexico-wall-wednesday\">January executive action\u003c/a>. The agency also plans to replace sections of the fence that stands in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"RdqYOtsdfDg9KNmSPm0JZwJ5CwXtoMky\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By using the waiver, it would be able to avoid the legal requirement to complete an environmental impact study before building on public lands. In fact, the agency says it has \"the authority to waive all legal requirements\" the Homeland Security secretary deems necessary \"to deter illegal crossings in areas of high illegal entry into the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Homeland Security spokesman David Lapan tells NPR's Eric Westervelt this portion of the border could certainly be described as one of those areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last fiscal year 2016, Customs and Border Patrol apprehended more than 31,000 illegal aliens and seized about 1,300 pounds of cocaine just in the San Diego sector alone,\" Lapan explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lapan also says it's not the first time the agency has used such a waiver, noting the department under Michael Chertoff, a homeland security secretary in George W. Bush's administration, invoked it five times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, the move is likely to anger environmental activists, who have already lodged significant protests against Trump's proposed border wall project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Member station \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2017/jul/14/trumps-border-wall-project-san-diego-faces-environ/\">KPBS points out\u003c/a> that the nonprofit Center for Biological Diversity already sued the federal government last month for failing \"to prepare and publish legally required environmental impact analyses for the border wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The proposed construction of the replacement border wall in San Diego, like many areas along the border lands, has a high concentration of endangered species,\" Brian Segee, the group's senior attorney, tells NPR. \"There are a lot of impacts that can occur to the environment — especially in the absence of prior environmental studies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"5RQ2lTDBjUVHulWE5xGDPKjrg6fi0d5Z\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And that's exactly what these waivers do,\" Segee adds. \"They create a lawless situation whereby DHS and CPB will undertake this massive boondoggle of a border wall project, and they will do it without the benefit of key environmental laws like the National Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Clean Water Act — the list goes on and on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, DHS plans to forge ahead, on the replacement fencing at least.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lapan says building of the prototypes has been delayed by another set of protests — this time lodged against the department by some of the contractors whose bids were not selected. One of those protests remains under consideration by the Government Accountability Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lapan expects that work on the prototypes themselves might get underway as late as November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Homeland+Security+To+Waive+Environmental+Rules+On+Border+Wall+Projects&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 4:31 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Homeland Security \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/08/01/dhs-issues-waiver-expedite-border-construction-projects-san-diego-area\">announced Tuesday\u003c/a> that it will use its authority to bypass environmental laws and other regulations to \"ensure the expeditious construction of barriers and roads\" near the U.S.-Mexico border south of San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The sector remains an area of high illegal entry for which there is an immediate need to improve current infrastructure and construct additional border barriers and roads,\" the agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/08/01/dhs-issues-waiver-expedite-border-construction-projects-san-diego-area\">said in a statement\u003c/a>. \"To begin to meet the need for additional border infrastructure in this area, DHS will implement various border infrastructure projects.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The waiver, which focuses on 15 miles of contiguous land stretching eastward from the Pacific Ocean, would make it easier for the agency to embark on those \"infrastructure projects,\" which include building \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/04/05/522712279/photos-the-many-possible-shapes-of-trumps-border-wall\">several prototypes\u003c/a> of the border wall President Trump called for in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/25/511565740/trump-expected-to-order-building-of-u-s-mexico-wall-wednesday\">January executive action\u003c/a>. The agency also plans to replace sections of the fence that stands in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By using the waiver, it would be able to avoid the legal requirement to complete an environmental impact study before building on public lands. In fact, the agency says it has \"the authority to waive all legal requirements\" the Homeland Security secretary deems necessary \"to deter illegal crossings in areas of high illegal entry into the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Homeland Security spokesman David Lapan tells NPR's Eric Westervelt this portion of the border could certainly be described as one of those areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last fiscal year 2016, Customs and Border Patrol apprehended more than 31,000 illegal aliens and seized about 1,300 pounds of cocaine just in the San Diego sector alone,\" Lapan explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lapan also says it's not the first time the agency has used such a waiver, noting the department under Michael Chertoff, a homeland security secretary in George W. Bush's administration, invoked it five times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, the move is likely to anger environmental activists, who have already lodged significant protests against Trump's proposed border wall project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Member station \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2017/jul/14/trumps-border-wall-project-san-diego-faces-environ/\">KPBS points out\u003c/a> that the nonprofit Center for Biological Diversity already sued the federal government last month for failing \"to prepare and publish legally required environmental impact analyses for the border wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The proposed construction of the replacement border wall in San Diego, like many areas along the border lands, has a high concentration of endangered species,\" Brian Segee, the group's senior attorney, tells NPR. \"There are a lot of impacts that can occur to the environment — especially in the absence of prior environmental studies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And that's exactly what these waivers do,\" Segee adds. \"They create a lawless situation whereby DHS and CPB will undertake this massive boondoggle of a border wall project, and they will do it without the benefit of key environmental laws like the National Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Clean Water Act — the list goes on and on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, DHS plans to forge ahead, on the replacement fencing at least.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lapan says building of the prototypes has been delayed by another set of protests — this time lodged against the department by some of the contractors whose bids were not selected. One of those protests remains under consideration by the Government Accountability Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lapan expects that work on the prototypes themselves might get underway as late as November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Homeland+Security+To+Waive+Environmental+Rules+On+Border+Wall+Projects&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "BLM Ranger to Testify in Steinle Murder Trial",
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"content": "\u003cp>A ranger with the federal Bureau of Land Management will testify in an upcoming trial charging a Mexican national with murder for the slaying of Kathryn Steinle in San Francisco two years ago. This marks a change in the U.S. government's initial position that federal employees cannot be subpoenaed to testify in state court cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement between defense attorneys representing Juan Francisco Lopez Sanchez and lawyers with the federal government was announced in San Francisco Superior Court on Friday. It appears to end about a month of legal wrangling that reached its peak last week with a local prosecutor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/07/21/prosecution-seeks-to-seal-witness-list-in-steinle-murder-trial-after-kqeds-publication-of-rangers-name/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">accusing defense attorneys\u003c/a> of \"publicizing\" BLM ranger John Woychowski's name and using \"underhanded tactics that caused public humiliation of an officer who happened to be the victim of an auto burglary that is still an open police investigation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11553719\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11553719\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski.jpg\" alt=\"Bureau of Land Management Ranger John Woychowski was named El Centro Field Office 'Ranger of the Year' in 2011.\" width=\"640\" height=\"465\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski-160x116.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski-240x174.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski-375x272.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski-520x378.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bureau of Land Management Ranger John Woychowski was named El Centro Field Office 'Ranger of the Year' in 2011. \u003ccite>(Bureau of Land Management California via Internet Archive)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Steinle's killing received national attention after then-presidential candidate Donald Trump and congressional Republicans seized on the case as an example of violent crime committed by people living in the U.S. illegally and blamed San Francisco's \"sanctuary\" ordinance for Lopez Sanchez's release from county jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The origin of the weapon used to kill Steinle on Pier 14 received less attention, but California legislators passed a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB869\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state law\u003c/a> in 2016 that made it an infraction for law enforcement officers to leave their guns unsecured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woychowski's gun was stolen after he \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/S-F-police-didn-t-investigate-gun-theft-before-6376393.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reportedly\u003c/a> left it in a backpack in a parked car when he stopped for dinner in San Francisco, four days before Steinle's death on July 1, 2015. Lopez Sanchez was never accused, nor charged, with the auto burglary, and his defense attorneys are arguing that he found Woychowski's Sig Sauer handgun shortly before the shooting, wrapped in a T-shirt. They say the gun fired accidentally as Lopez Sanchez handled it, before he knew what it was.\u003cbr>\n[contextly_sidebar id=\"OFlKH6D3MM2i4U7G1AyN3fL6z9XFZi1j\"]\u003cbr>\n\"The weapon was pointed at the ground at the time of discharge,\" said Francisco Ugarte, a deputy public defender who represents Lopez Sanchez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testimony at the preliminary hearing in the case established the bullet traveled about 12 feet before it ricocheted off the concrete pier, then another 78 feet before it struck Steinle in the back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors have repeatedly said they fail to see how Woychowski's testimony is relevant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The defendant is charged with murder and as such the issues that are presented are did he pull the trigger? And when he did so, if he did so, did he do so with implied malice?\" San Francisco District Attorney's Office spokesman Max Szabo said. \"Whether or not this ranger’s testimony is relevant, being as though the defendant is not charged with, for example, auto burglary, remains to be seen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the federal government agreed to produce Woychowski for the trial, according to Superior Court Judge Richard Loftus, the exact scope of his testimony will be determined by the judge presiding over the trial, who has yet to be selected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the U.S. Department of the Interior and the Department of Justice have attended court for the past two weeks. They declined repeated requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11598847\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11598847\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A bench with a plaque commemorating Kathryn Steinle is seen near San Francisco's Pier 14 on July 22, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A bench with a plaque commemorating Kathryn Steinle is seen near San Francisco's Pier 14 on July 22, 2017. \u003ccite>(Alex Emslie/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lopez Sanchez's defense attorneys say Woychowski was the last known person to have possession of the gun before their client found it near the pier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The physical traits of the discharge appear to be an accident. The condition of the weapon itself, the trigger pull, the history, whether it was loaded -- all of those issues are relevant,\" Ugarte said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An attorney representing the Department of the Interior, which oversees the Bureau of Land Management, wrote to Lopez Sanchez's defense attorneys on July 13 that they should provide a written request outlining the exact testimony they expected from Woychowski. State and federal attorneys speaking on condition of anonymity said such requests are routine in cases seeking a federal employee's testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The BLM wanted to try to restrict the areas that he could testify in,\" said Chief Deputy Public Defender Matt Gonzalez, who also represents Lopez Sanchez. \"We made it clear to this court that the trial judge would get to decide that, not the BLM.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A ranger with the federal Bureau of Land Management will testify in an upcoming trial charging a Mexican national with murder for the slaying of Kathryn Steinle in San Francisco two years ago. This marks a change in the U.S. government's initial position that federal employees cannot be subpoenaed to testify in state court cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement between defense attorneys representing Juan Francisco Lopez Sanchez and lawyers with the federal government was announced in San Francisco Superior Court on Friday. It appears to end about a month of legal wrangling that reached its peak last week with a local prosecutor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/07/21/prosecution-seeks-to-seal-witness-list-in-steinle-murder-trial-after-kqeds-publication-of-rangers-name/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">accusing defense attorneys\u003c/a> of \"publicizing\" BLM ranger John Woychowski's name and using \"underhanded tactics that caused public humiliation of an officer who happened to be the victim of an auto burglary that is still an open police investigation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11553719\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11553719\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski.jpg\" alt=\"Bureau of Land Management Ranger John Woychowski was named El Centro Field Office 'Ranger of the Year' in 2011.\" width=\"640\" height=\"465\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski-160x116.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski-240x174.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski-375x272.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Woychowski-520x378.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bureau of Land Management Ranger John Woychowski was named El Centro Field Office 'Ranger of the Year' in 2011. \u003ccite>(Bureau of Land Management California via Internet Archive)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Steinle's killing received national attention after then-presidential candidate Donald Trump and congressional Republicans seized on the case as an example of violent crime committed by people living in the U.S. illegally and blamed San Francisco's \"sanctuary\" ordinance for Lopez Sanchez's release from county jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The origin of the weapon used to kill Steinle on Pier 14 received less attention, but California legislators passed a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB869\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state law\u003c/a> in 2016 that made it an infraction for law enforcement officers to leave their guns unsecured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woychowski's gun was stolen after he \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/S-F-police-didn-t-investigate-gun-theft-before-6376393.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reportedly\u003c/a> left it in a backpack in a parked car when he stopped for dinner in San Francisco, four days before Steinle's death on July 1, 2015. Lopez Sanchez was never accused, nor charged, with the auto burglary, and his defense attorneys are arguing that he found Woychowski's Sig Sauer handgun shortly before the shooting, wrapped in a T-shirt. They say the gun fired accidentally as Lopez Sanchez handled it, before he knew what it was.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\"The weapon was pointed at the ground at the time of discharge,\" said Francisco Ugarte, a deputy public defender who represents Lopez Sanchez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testimony at the preliminary hearing in the case established the bullet traveled about 12 feet before it ricocheted off the concrete pier, then another 78 feet before it struck Steinle in the back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors have repeatedly said they fail to see how Woychowski's testimony is relevant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The defendant is charged with murder and as such the issues that are presented are did he pull the trigger? And when he did so, if he did so, did he do so with implied malice?\" San Francisco District Attorney's Office spokesman Max Szabo said. \"Whether or not this ranger’s testimony is relevant, being as though the defendant is not charged with, for example, auto burglary, remains to be seen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the federal government agreed to produce Woychowski for the trial, according to Superior Court Judge Richard Loftus, the exact scope of his testimony will be determined by the judge presiding over the trial, who has yet to be selected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the U.S. Department of the Interior and the Department of Justice have attended court for the past two weeks. They declined repeated requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11598847\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11598847\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A bench with a plaque commemorating Kathryn Steinle is seen near San Francisco's Pier 14 on July 22, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26097_20170722_144909-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A bench with a plaque commemorating Kathryn Steinle is seen near San Francisco's Pier 14 on July 22, 2017. \u003ccite>(Alex Emslie/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lopez Sanchez's defense attorneys say Woychowski was the last known person to have possession of the gun before their client found it near the pier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The physical traits of the discharge appear to be an accident. The condition of the weapon itself, the trigger pull, the history, whether it was loaded -- all of those issues are relevant,\" Ugarte said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An attorney representing the Department of the Interior, which oversees the Bureau of Land Management, wrote to Lopez Sanchez's defense attorneys on July 13 that they should provide a written request outlining the exact testimony they expected from Woychowski. State and federal attorneys speaking on condition of anonymity said such requests are routine in cases seeking a federal employee's testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The BLM wanted to try to restrict the areas that he could testify in,\" said Chief Deputy Public Defender Matt Gonzalez, who also represents Lopez Sanchez. \"We made it clear to this court that the trial judge would get to decide that, not the BLM.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Advocates Say Agents Are Unlawfully Turning Away Asylum Seekers at the Border",
"title": "Advocates Say Agents Are Unlawfully Turning Away Asylum Seekers at the Border",
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"content": "\u003cp>Human rights groups have complained for months that border agents are wrongfully turning away people seeking asylum in the U.S. Many are fleeing gang violence and persecution in Mexico and Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border officials say they are following policy. But activists say the problem has gotten worse under President Trump. They recently sued, alleging violations of U.S. and international law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an audio recording of the San Ysidro port of entry in California, volunteers accompany a Honduran family of five who want to seek asylum in the United States from a murderous gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An agent with Customs and Border Protection tells the family in English and Spanish that they can't be processed until they first register with Mexican immigration authorities at the Instituto Nacional de Migracion, or INM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sound was recorded in February by two volunteers from an immigrant shelter in Mexico and obtained by the New York-based group, Human Rights First.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They, they got to go to INM and register first,\" the agent says on the tape. \"They can't come in here. Once they go to INM, we get them from INM.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the advocates objects, saying the Honduran family already checked with Mexican authorities, who said they could do nothing for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he adds \"I've read the law and there's zero parts of the law that states that an asylum seeker from Honduras has to go talk to a Mexican immigration official to be able to request asylum in the United States. Are you denying them the ability to request asylum in the United States?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another border agent insists the family contact Mexican authorities. She says U.S. officials are understaffed and overwhelmed by the number of asylum seekers. So they established an arrangement with Mexico to regulate the flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, after talking to another supervisor, she relents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to process them,\" she says. \"How about that? All right?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0AHt6y6Fjs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Human Rights First said it did not participate in the making of the recording but released it publicly and posted it on YouTube. The group said it had worked with the volunteers before. It did not release their names, or the names of the family members and border agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a few gaps in the 20-minute recording, representing time the volunteers said they were waiting to talk with various border agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Such advocacy should not be required,\" says Shaw Drake, a lawyer working for Human Rights First. He said the Honduran family likely would have been turned away — like so many others — if the volunteers hadn't been there to advocate for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is not practical to assume that every asylum seeker approaching the border that are in need of immediate protection would have such advocates there to assist them,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"bPybEDFHX8mvZQUM3bjv5MW2aeYl7Rco\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Diaz, a spokesman for Customs and Border Protection, declined to comment on the audio recording. But he said that the agency \"enforces the law humanely, respectfully and with professionalism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exchange at the port of entry highlights what human rights activists contend is a pattern of American officials making it more difficult for asylum seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists say U.S. border agents are telling asylum seekers that they'll need a visa before they can apply. Or that they'll be separated from their children. Or, more recently, that Donald Trump has eliminated asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These things are simply untrue,\" says Melissa Crow, legal director at the D.C.-based American Immigration Council. Her group and others have filed a class-action lawsuit against the Department of Homeland Security, challenging those alleged practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All of these tactics serve to deny bona fide asylum seekers the opportunity to pursue their claims,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz, from Customs and Border Protection, declined to comment on the litigation. He said that the agency \"has not changed any policies affecting asylum procedures.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyone seeking asylum in the U.S. must be granted an interview to determine if they have a credible fear of returning home. The Trump administration has imposed stricter controls on that process. Citing rampant fraud, Trump has instructed Homeland Security to tighten that screening process for anyone seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Advocates+Say+Agents+Are+Unlawfully+Turning+Away+Asylum+Seekers+At+The+Border&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Human rights groups have complained for months that border agents are wrongfully turning away people seeking asylum in the U.S. Many are fleeing gang violence and persecution in Mexico and Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border officials say they are following policy. But activists say the problem has gotten worse under President Trump. They recently sued, alleging violations of U.S. and international law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an audio recording of the San Ysidro port of entry in California, volunteers accompany a Honduran family of five who want to seek asylum in the United States from a murderous gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An agent with Customs and Border Protection tells the family in English and Spanish that they can't be processed until they first register with Mexican immigration authorities at the Instituto Nacional de Migracion, or INM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sound was recorded in February by two volunteers from an immigrant shelter in Mexico and obtained by the New York-based group, Human Rights First.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They, they got to go to INM and register first,\" the agent says on the tape. \"They can't come in here. Once they go to INM, we get them from INM.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the advocates objects, saying the Honduran family already checked with Mexican authorities, who said they could do nothing for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he adds \"I've read the law and there's zero parts of the law that states that an asylum seeker from Honduras has to go talk to a Mexican immigration official to be able to request asylum in the United States. Are you denying them the ability to request asylum in the United States?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another border agent insists the family contact Mexican authorities. She says U.S. officials are understaffed and overwhelmed by the number of asylum seekers. So they established an arrangement with Mexico to regulate the flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, after talking to another supervisor, she relents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to process them,\" she says. \"How about that? All right?\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/H0AHt6y6Fjs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/H0AHt6y6Fjs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Human Rights First said it did not participate in the making of the recording but released it publicly and posted it on YouTube. The group said it had worked with the volunteers before. It did not release their names, or the names of the family members and border agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a few gaps in the 20-minute recording, representing time the volunteers said they were waiting to talk with various border agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Such advocacy should not be required,\" says Shaw Drake, a lawyer working for Human Rights First. He said the Honduran family likely would have been turned away — like so many others — if the volunteers hadn't been there to advocate for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is not practical to assume that every asylum seeker approaching the border that are in need of immediate protection would have such advocates there to assist them,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Diaz, a spokesman for Customs and Border Protection, declined to comment on the audio recording. But he said that the agency \"enforces the law humanely, respectfully and with professionalism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exchange at the port of entry highlights what human rights activists contend is a pattern of American officials making it more difficult for asylum seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists say U.S. border agents are telling asylum seekers that they'll need a visa before they can apply. Or that they'll be separated from their children. Or, more recently, that Donald Trump has eliminated asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These things are simply untrue,\" says Melissa Crow, legal director at the D.C.-based American Immigration Council. Her group and others have filed a class-action lawsuit against the Department of Homeland Security, challenging those alleged practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All of these tactics serve to deny bona fide asylum seekers the opportunity to pursue their claims,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz, from Customs and Border Protection, declined to comment on the litigation. He said that the agency \"has not changed any policies affecting asylum procedures.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyone seeking asylum in the U.S. must be granted an interview to determine if they have a credible fear of returning home. The Trump administration has imposed stricter controls on that process. Citing rampant fraud, Trump has instructed Homeland Security to tighten that screening process for anyone seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Advocates+Say+Agents+Are+Unlawfully+Turning+Away+Asylum+Seekers+At+The+Border&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Diego Welcomes More Refugees Than Any Other California County",
"title": "San Diego Welcomes More Refugees Than Any Other California County",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Zawadi Namagazuzyo was about 12 when she was forced to flee her native Congo. Her mother and many family members were dead. Her father wanted her to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was fighting, a lot of fighting,” she said, recalling how the two of them ended up at a refugee camp in Zambia. She grew up there for 13 years -- getting married, giving birth and always waiting to be resettled somewhere else in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then 10 months ago, Namagazuzyo and her family were resettled in San Diego County, where her father had been living for a few months. And under a brilliant sun on a recent Friday, she joined other refugees at a picnic to celebrate their graduation from a 12-week English intensive class. Drumming reverberated through the park, Congolese and Somali dishes were spread out alongside pizza -- and a red, white and blue cake anchored the dessert section.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I ask questions about the life in San Diego, about the rent, bills, electricity,” said Namagazuzyo, who was surprised to find so many fellow African immigrants in her new home. “We speak together the language, we are many in San Diego. I feel good.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'They've had to flee some of the most horrific things human beings have to offer.'\u003ccite>David Murphy, International Rescue Committee\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For nearly a decade, no California county has received more refugees than San Diego County, followed by Los Angeles and Sacramento, according to state and federal data. A large number of refugees are assigned to San Diego because of its concentration of four resettlement agencies and the existence of several rooted immigrant communities already in the area. The trend dates back to the Vietnam War, when hundreds of thousands of Southeast Asians landed at Camp Pendleton for U.S. resettlement. Many stayed, helping make the area a beacon for people fleeing from violence, hunger and instability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Diego historically has been a very welcoming county,” said David Murphy, executive director of the International Rescue Committee there that resettled Namagazuzyo’s family and hosted the English class. “There is now a vibrant multicultural population living in San Diego.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when President Trump cites terrorism as justification to crack down on immigration -- the U.S. Supreme Court on Wednesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/19/us/politics/trump-travel-ban-supreme-court.html\">upheld\u003c/a>, for now, key provisions of his ban on refugees -- California lawmakers are working to extend the Golden State’s welcome to the world’s displaced people. Democratic legislators from counties with significant refugee populations are pushing bills to help with education and employment, and secured a $10 million budget \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB99\">allocation\u003c/a> to help refugee children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are a warm place and not just the weather but our hearts, and the legacy of that continues,” said Democratic Assemblyman Kevin McCarty of Sacramento, lead author of the refugee bills. “We welcome refugees who are escaping war and persecution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11591864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11591864\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"Ramazani Ali leads refugees in a graduation dance at a San Diego park. His wife, Zawadi, is behind him in a yellow headscarf.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-800x613.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-1180x904.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-960x736.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-240x184.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-375x287.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-520x398.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ramazani Ali leads refugees in a graduation dance at a San Diego park. His wife, Zawadi, is behind him in a yellow headscarf. \u003ccite>(Peggy Peattie/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump’s current \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/03/06/executive-order-protecting-nation-foreign-terrorist-entry-united-states\">executive order\u003c/a> states that more than 300 people who entered the United States as refugees are currently under FBI counterterrorism investigation, and cites two examples of convictions -- including a Somali man brought to the U.S. as a child refugee and sentenced to 30 years in prison for his role in the plot to bomb a Christmas tree lighting ceremony in Portland, Oregon. It also would cut the number of refugees admitted this fiscal year from 110,000 to no more than 50,000, saying any more would be “detrimental” to the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear what that means for refugees from countries that the order singled out for a broader ban: Iran, Syria, Libya, Sudan, Yemen and Somalia. The U.S. Supreme Court will hear challenges to the order this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve had to flee some of the most horrific things human beings have to offer, they are escaping war, they are escaping terrorists, they are escaping ISIS, they have been vetted and now we are putting them through another merry-go-round of uncertainty,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ZG3UCstOqgnLGmQ6OQ4oNOa9X0feli30\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year the U.S. admitted nearly 85,000 refugees. More than half went to just 10 states, including Texas and New York, but the largest group, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdss.ca.gov/Portals/9/Refugee/Arrivals/Arrivals2016_by_county.pdf?ver=2017-03-08-154727-590\">7,908 refugees\u003c/a>, settled in California, according to a Pew Research \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/12/06/just-10-states-resettled-more-than-half-of-recent-refugees-to-u-s/\">study\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And 3,100 of those landed in San Diego County, along with another 520 military interpreters on special immigrant visas, who are also classified as refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the end of the Vietnam War, California has \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdss.ca.gov/Portals/9/Refugee/Arrivals/arrivals_by_county_and_year_since_1975.pdf?ver=2017-03-08-144555-390\">welcomed\u003c/a> 732,000 refugees, according to state data. During that time, San Diego resettled more than 85,000 refugees -- roughly equal to the entire population of cities such as Chico or Newport Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11591866\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11591866\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"Mazani Ali, age 2, takes to the drums at a picnic in San Diego, home to the state’s largest cluster of refugees.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-800x524.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-1180x773.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-960x629.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-240x157.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-375x246.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-520x340.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mazani Ali, age 2, takes to the drums at a picnic in San Diego, home to the state’s largest cluster of refugees. \u003ccite>(Peggy Peattie/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You see it, hear it and feel it as you walk the streets of the City Heights neighborhood east of downtown San Diego, where shoppers throng Somali, Ethiopian and assorted Asian restaurants and a cacophony of languages ricochets in the air. In the nearby city of El Cajon, where Arabic speakers do a brisk business in shops along Main Street, Iraqi Christians known as Chaldeans number an estimated 60,000. Many arrived as refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Diego has the fault of having the best weather in the world,” said Bishop Bawai Soro of St. Peter Chaldean Catholic Church, which is now looking for a third location in which to hold its overflow services. Soro himself arrived in Chicago as a refugee 40 years ago, and today he ministers to the infusion of Iraqi refugees in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The wars that took place in Iraq didn’t just destroy buildings and bridges and infrastructure -- they destroyed the human soul as well,” he said. “These Iraqis are the luckiest people in the world because they came to America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/history-of-unhcr.html\">United Nations High Commission\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/history-of-unhcr.html\">er\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/history-of-unhcr.html\">for \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/history-of-unhcr.html\">Refugees\u003c/a> defines a refugee as someone who has “been forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war, or violence.” The U.S. government further defines a refugee as someone who may “face persecution based on religion, political opinion, race, nationality or membership in a particular social group.” As a result, waves of refugees tend to reflect global conflict zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once refugees have \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/j/prm/releases/factsheets/2017/266447.htm\">applied\u003c/a> for refugee status from the U.N., the agency, the U.S. Embassy or other nongovernmental agencies may refer refugees for resettlement in the U.S. That referral kicks off an application process that can take years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average wait time in a refugee camp is 17 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://infogram.com/top_10_refugee_receiving_states\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When considering a refugee, the U.S. conducts one of the most \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/j/prm/releases/factsheets/2017/266447.htm\">rigorous\u003c/a> vetting processes of any person allowed into the country, according to the U.S. Department of State. Accepted refugees have little say about to which state or county they will be sent. Two factors play a role: if a refugee has family members in a certain locale, and if a large community of refugees from the same country has already settled in a given area. The idea, Murphy said, is to provide a home where refugees will find support and a network to help them settle in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two-thirds of refugees, he said, do have some sort of family connection in the States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Refugees enter the U.S. on refugee status and after a year they must apply to become a legal permanent resident, which grants them a green card. After five years in the U.S. they can apply for citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego, the majority of recent refugees are from Iraq and Afghanistan, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sdrefugeeforum.org/\">San Diego Refugee Forum\u003c/a>, a collaboration between the four resettlement agencies in the county -- IRC, Catholic Charities, Jewish Family Services, and the Alliance for African Assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want California to put out the welcome mat for refugees, many of whom assisted our military as interpreters overseas, to help them normalize their lives and be more productive members of our communities,” said Assemblywoman Lorena Gonzalez Fletcher, a Democrat from San Diego and co-author of the refugee bills currently being considered in the state Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://infogram.com/refugees_resettled_in_california\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislators have claimed one victory already -- the final state budget approved in June allocates $10 million to be used over three years for high-refugee-population school districts to help support and integrate refugee children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of these kids come from heartbreaking and extreme trauma-filled circumstances,” said McCarty, the assemblyman from Sacramento. “Certainly counseling and mental health support is critical, and most school districts need extra translation services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government funds the bulk of refugee costs, funneled through resettlement agencies. This year $37 million of that came to California. The funds pay for initial housing costs and then provide cash aid for the refugees for about 90 days, until refugees must begin paying their own expenses. Refugees are required to pay back the organization that transports them for the travel expenses incurred in getting them to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"JmdlcvLRQllU5KDDnJV9jw1oap43B23x\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, refugees may receive help from programs such as CalWORKs (cash and food assistance) and Medi-Cal (health care) that are funded by both the state and the federal government, according to the state Social Services Department. The agency does not keep data specifically on what those costs are for this group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB343\">bills\u003c/a> would allow refugees and special immigrant visa holders to pay in-state tuition rates upon arrival at public colleges. No one voted against it in the Assembly, although 15 members skipped the vote, and it’s now before the Senate Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB349\">proposal\u003c/a> would allow special immigrant visa holders who pass certain tests to move to the top of hiring lists for particular government jobs. It’s on hold until next year, McCarty says, while sponsors work out details. Among opponents: the Service Employees International Union Local 1000, which complained that it went too far by offering refugees special consideration otherwise reserved exclusively for U.S. veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics, such as the organization \u003ca href=\"https://refugeeresettlementwatch.wordpress.com/\">Refugee Resettlement Watch\u003c/a>, insist the program disregards the impact refugees have on U.S. natural resources. They also contend that it’s wrong for the U.S. to welcome refugees that will provide cheap labor for certain industries and end up receiving welfare and other taxpayer-funded aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11591879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11591879\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"In the community garden down the street from the International Rescue Committee, Idzai Mubaiwa, originally from Zimbabwe, harvests collard greens, batching them for sale the following day at a street market. \" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-1020x658.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-960x619.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-240x155.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-375x242.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-520x335.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the community garden down the street from the International Rescue Committee, Idzai Mubaiwa, originally from Zimbabwe, harvests collard greens, batching them for sale the following day at a street market. \u003ccite>(Peggy Peattie/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When refugees arrive in the U.S., resettlement agencies work with them for an intense 90 days to help them find jobs, open bank accounts, register their children for school and set up their lives. After that, the agencies offer other services that refugees can apply for, such as auto and business loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in City Heights at IRC’s New Roots Community Garden, where mainly refugees tend some 95 plots, the greenhouses are filled with edibles rustling in the breeze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Idzai Mubaiwa, 51, stretches her arms out over her three lush plots, bursting with kale, collard greens and sugar cane stalks. She arrived in San Diego 15 years ago from Zimbabwe, and remembers being the newbie absorbing the cultural shocks of American life, such as how children don’t have to wear school uniforms. Now her daughters are graduates of or are in college -- one on a scholarship at Vassar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The moment I got this garden it was gold for me. It just brings me close to home,” she said. “It made a huge difference because this is part of my income, it helps me sustain my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grows corn as her family’s chief food source, but the rest of the rows she plants to sell at local farmers markets under the name African Sisters Produce. She picked up on what people are looking for. Kale has been hot. And that’s why this year she’s finally trying her green thumb on a California staple: strawberries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Since the Vietnam War, the city has resettled over 85,000 refugees -- roughly equal to the entire population of cities such as Chico or Newport Beach.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/elizabeth-aguilera/\">Elizabeth Aguilera\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Zawadi Namagazuzyo was about 12 when she was forced to flee her native Congo. Her mother and many family members were dead. Her father wanted her to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was fighting, a lot of fighting,” she said, recalling how the two of them ended up at a refugee camp in Zambia. She grew up there for 13 years -- getting married, giving birth and always waiting to be resettled somewhere else in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then 10 months ago, Namagazuzyo and her family were resettled in San Diego County, where her father had been living for a few months. And under a brilliant sun on a recent Friday, she joined other refugees at a picnic to celebrate their graduation from a 12-week English intensive class. Drumming reverberated through the park, Congolese and Somali dishes were spread out alongside pizza -- and a red, white and blue cake anchored the dessert section.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I ask questions about the life in San Diego, about the rent, bills, electricity,” said Namagazuzyo, who was surprised to find so many fellow African immigrants in her new home. “We speak together the language, we are many in San Diego. I feel good.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'They've had to flee some of the most horrific things human beings have to offer.'\u003ccite>David Murphy, International Rescue Committee\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For nearly a decade, no California county has received more refugees than San Diego County, followed by Los Angeles and Sacramento, according to state and federal data. A large number of refugees are assigned to San Diego because of its concentration of four resettlement agencies and the existence of several rooted immigrant communities already in the area. The trend dates back to the Vietnam War, when hundreds of thousands of Southeast Asians landed at Camp Pendleton for U.S. resettlement. Many stayed, helping make the area a beacon for people fleeing from violence, hunger and instability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Diego historically has been a very welcoming county,” said David Murphy, executive director of the International Rescue Committee there that resettled Namagazuzyo’s family and hosted the English class. “There is now a vibrant multicultural population living in San Diego.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when President Trump cites terrorism as justification to crack down on immigration -- the U.S. Supreme Court on Wednesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/19/us/politics/trump-travel-ban-supreme-court.html\">upheld\u003c/a>, for now, key provisions of his ban on refugees -- California lawmakers are working to extend the Golden State’s welcome to the world’s displaced people. Democratic legislators from counties with significant refugee populations are pushing bills to help with education and employment, and secured a $10 million budget \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB99\">allocation\u003c/a> to help refugee children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are a warm place and not just the weather but our hearts, and the legacy of that continues,” said Democratic Assemblyman Kevin McCarty of Sacramento, lead author of the refugee bills. “We welcome refugees who are escaping war and persecution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11591864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11591864\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"Ramazani Ali leads refugees in a graduation dance at a San Diego park. His wife, Zawadi, is behind him in a yellow headscarf.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-800x613.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-1180x904.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-960x736.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-240x184.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-375x287.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RefugeesDance-520x398.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ramazani Ali leads refugees in a graduation dance at a San Diego park. His wife, Zawadi, is behind him in a yellow headscarf. \u003ccite>(Peggy Peattie/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump’s current \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/03/06/executive-order-protecting-nation-foreign-terrorist-entry-united-states\">executive order\u003c/a> states that more than 300 people who entered the United States as refugees are currently under FBI counterterrorism investigation, and cites two examples of convictions -- including a Somali man brought to the U.S. as a child refugee and sentenced to 30 years in prison for his role in the plot to bomb a Christmas tree lighting ceremony in Portland, Oregon. It also would cut the number of refugees admitted this fiscal year from 110,000 to no more than 50,000, saying any more would be “detrimental” to the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear what that means for refugees from countries that the order singled out for a broader ban: Iran, Syria, Libya, Sudan, Yemen and Somalia. The U.S. Supreme Court will hear challenges to the order this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve had to flee some of the most horrific things human beings have to offer, they are escaping war, they are escaping terrorists, they are escaping ISIS, they have been vetted and now we are putting them through another merry-go-round of uncertainty,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year the U.S. admitted nearly 85,000 refugees. More than half went to just 10 states, including Texas and New York, but the largest group, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdss.ca.gov/Portals/9/Refugee/Arrivals/Arrivals2016_by_county.pdf?ver=2017-03-08-154727-590\">7,908 refugees\u003c/a>, settled in California, according to a Pew Research \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/12/06/just-10-states-resettled-more-than-half-of-recent-refugees-to-u-s/\">study\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And 3,100 of those landed in San Diego County, along with another 520 military interpreters on special immigrant visas, who are also classified as refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the end of the Vietnam War, California has \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdss.ca.gov/Portals/9/Refugee/Arrivals/arrivals_by_county_and_year_since_1975.pdf?ver=2017-03-08-144555-390\">welcomed\u003c/a> 732,000 refugees, according to state data. During that time, San Diego resettled more than 85,000 refugees -- roughly equal to the entire population of cities such as Chico or Newport Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11591866\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11591866\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"Mazani Ali, age 2, takes to the drums at a picnic in San Diego, home to the state’s largest cluster of refugees.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-800x524.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-1180x773.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-960x629.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-240x157.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-375x246.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/BoyDrum-520x340.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mazani Ali, age 2, takes to the drums at a picnic in San Diego, home to the state’s largest cluster of refugees. \u003ccite>(Peggy Peattie/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You see it, hear it and feel it as you walk the streets of the City Heights neighborhood east of downtown San Diego, where shoppers throng Somali, Ethiopian and assorted Asian restaurants and a cacophony of languages ricochets in the air. In the nearby city of El Cajon, where Arabic speakers do a brisk business in shops along Main Street, Iraqi Christians known as Chaldeans number an estimated 60,000. Many arrived as refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Diego has the fault of having the best weather in the world,” said Bishop Bawai Soro of St. Peter Chaldean Catholic Church, which is now looking for a third location in which to hold its overflow services. Soro himself arrived in Chicago as a refugee 40 years ago, and today he ministers to the infusion of Iraqi refugees in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The wars that took place in Iraq didn’t just destroy buildings and bridges and infrastructure -- they destroyed the human soul as well,” he said. “These Iraqis are the luckiest people in the world because they came to America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/history-of-unhcr.html\">United Nations High Commission\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/history-of-unhcr.html\">er\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/history-of-unhcr.html\">for \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/history-of-unhcr.html\">Refugees\u003c/a> defines a refugee as someone who has “been forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war, or violence.” The U.S. government further defines a refugee as someone who may “face persecution based on religion, political opinion, race, nationality or membership in a particular social group.” As a result, waves of refugees tend to reflect global conflict zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once refugees have \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/j/prm/releases/factsheets/2017/266447.htm\">applied\u003c/a> for refugee status from the U.N., the agency, the U.S. Embassy or other nongovernmental agencies may refer refugees for resettlement in the U.S. That referral kicks off an application process that can take years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average wait time in a refugee camp is 17 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://infogram.com/top_10_refugee_receiving_states\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When considering a refugee, the U.S. conducts one of the most \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/j/prm/releases/factsheets/2017/266447.htm\">rigorous\u003c/a> vetting processes of any person allowed into the country, according to the U.S. Department of State. Accepted refugees have little say about to which state or county they will be sent. Two factors play a role: if a refugee has family members in a certain locale, and if a large community of refugees from the same country has already settled in a given area. The idea, Murphy said, is to provide a home where refugees will find support and a network to help them settle in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two-thirds of refugees, he said, do have some sort of family connection in the States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Refugees enter the U.S. on refugee status and after a year they must apply to become a legal permanent resident, which grants them a green card. After five years in the U.S. they can apply for citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego, the majority of recent refugees are from Iraq and Afghanistan, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sdrefugeeforum.org/\">San Diego Refugee Forum\u003c/a>, a collaboration between the four resettlement agencies in the county -- IRC, Catholic Charities, Jewish Family Services, and the Alliance for African Assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want California to put out the welcome mat for refugees, many of whom assisted our military as interpreters overseas, to help them normalize their lives and be more productive members of our communities,” said Assemblywoman Lorena Gonzalez Fletcher, a Democrat from San Diego and co-author of the refugee bills currently being considered in the state Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://infogram.com/refugees_resettled_in_california\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislators have claimed one victory already -- the final state budget approved in June allocates $10 million to be used over three years for high-refugee-population school districts to help support and integrate refugee children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of these kids come from heartbreaking and extreme trauma-filled circumstances,” said McCarty, the assemblyman from Sacramento. “Certainly counseling and mental health support is critical, and most school districts need extra translation services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government funds the bulk of refugee costs, funneled through resettlement agencies. This year $37 million of that came to California. The funds pay for initial housing costs and then provide cash aid for the refugees for about 90 days, until refugees must begin paying their own expenses. Refugees are required to pay back the organization that transports them for the travel expenses incurred in getting them to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, refugees may receive help from programs such as CalWORKs (cash and food assistance) and Medi-Cal (health care) that are funded by both the state and the federal government, according to the state Social Services Department. The agency does not keep data specifically on what those costs are for this group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB343\">bills\u003c/a> would allow refugees and special immigrant visa holders to pay in-state tuition rates upon arrival at public colleges. No one voted against it in the Assembly, although 15 members skipped the vote, and it’s now before the Senate Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB349\">proposal\u003c/a> would allow special immigrant visa holders who pass certain tests to move to the top of hiring lists for particular government jobs. It’s on hold until next year, McCarty says, while sponsors work out details. Among opponents: the Service Employees International Union Local 1000, which complained that it went too far by offering refugees special consideration otherwise reserved exclusively for U.S. veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics, such as the organization \u003ca href=\"https://refugeeresettlementwatch.wordpress.com/\">Refugee Resettlement Watch\u003c/a>, insist the program disregards the impact refugees have on U.S. natural resources. They also contend that it’s wrong for the U.S. to welcome refugees that will provide cheap labor for certain industries and end up receiving welfare and other taxpayer-funded aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11591879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11591879\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"In the community garden down the street from the International Rescue Committee, Idzai Mubaiwa, originally from Zimbabwe, harvests collard greens, batching them for sale the following day at a street market. \" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-1020x658.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-960x619.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-240x155.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-375x242.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/PickingGreesRefugees-520x335.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the community garden down the street from the International Rescue Committee, Idzai Mubaiwa, originally from Zimbabwe, harvests collard greens, batching them for sale the following day at a street market. \u003ccite>(Peggy Peattie/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When refugees arrive in the U.S., resettlement agencies work with them for an intense 90 days to help them find jobs, open bank accounts, register their children for school and set up their lives. After that, the agencies offer other services that refugees can apply for, such as auto and business loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in City Heights at IRC’s New Roots Community Garden, where mainly refugees tend some 95 plots, the greenhouses are filled with edibles rustling in the breeze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Idzai Mubaiwa, 51, stretches her arms out over her three lush plots, bursting with kale, collard greens and sugar cane stalks. She arrived in San Diego 15 years ago from Zimbabwe, and remembers being the newbie absorbing the cultural shocks of American life, such as how children don’t have to wear school uniforms. Now her daughters are graduates of or are in college -- one on a scholarship at Vassar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The moment I got this garden it was gold for me. It just brings me close to home,” she said. “It made a huge difference because this is part of my income, it helps me sustain my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grows corn as her family’s chief food source, but the rest of the rows she plants to sell at local farmers markets under the name African Sisters Produce. She picked up on what people are looking for. Kale has been hot. And that’s why this year she’s finally trying her green thumb on a California staple: strawberries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Urges Trump To 'Affirm American Values,' Keep DACA",
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"content": "\u003cp>Citing concern for the nearly 800,000 young immigrants who have been granted protections under the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, California Attorney General Xavier Becerra and 19 of his colleagues are asking President Trump to keep the program running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press_releases/7-21-17%20%20Letter%20from%20State%20AGs%20to%20President%20Trump%20re%20DACA.final_.pdf\">a letter to the president\u003c/a>, Becerra and the other attorneys general are urging Trump to refuse a request from Texas and nine other states that wrote to Attorney General Jeff Sessions, asking the Trump administration to rescind DACA, which was established by President Barack Obama in a June 15, 2012, memorandum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the state officials say, the president should defend the program that benefits “Dreamers” — people brought to the U.S. illegally as children — by providing a legal framework for them to live and work in the country. More than 200,000 DACA grantees live in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra wrote to Trump:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“You have repeatedly expressed your support for Dreamers. Today, we join together to urge you not to capitulate to the demands Texas and nine other states set forth in their June 29, 2017, letter to Attorney General Jeff Sessions. That letter demands, under threat of litigation, that your Administration end the DACA initiative. The arguments set forth in that letter are wrong as a matter of law and policy.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In that \u003ca href=\"https://www.texasattorneygeneral.gov/files/epress/DACA_letter_6_29_2017.pdf?cachebuster:5\">June 29 letter\u003c/a>, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton said the DACA program is unlawful, writing that it “covers over one million otherwise unlawfully present aliens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paxton and his allies from Tennessee, Louisiana and other states sent the letter after Trump made headlines by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/06/16/533255575/trump-allows-dreamers-to-stay-removes-protections-for-parents\">reversing himself on a campaign promise\u003c/a> to dismantle DACA. In June, the Department of Homeland Security revoked DAPA — the similar Obama-era program that protected the parents of U.S. citizens and legal residents — but the agency left DACA intact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to take care of everybody,” Trump told ABC at the time. “But I will tell you, we’re looking at this, the whole immigration situation, we’re looking at it with great heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter Becerra sent to the White House on Friday, he wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Mr. President, now is the time to affirm the commitment you made, both to the ‘incredible kids’ who benefit from DACA and to their families and our communities, to handle this issue ‘with heart.’ You said Dreamers should ‘rest easy.’ We urge you to affirm America’s values and tradition as a nation of immigrants and make clear that you will not only continue DACA, but that you will defend it.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Becerra was joined by attorneys general from Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, Vermont, Washington and Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11579539\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11579539\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"California Attorney General Xavier Becerra spoke to journalists in Sacramento on May 15, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Xavier Becerra spoke to journalists in Sacramento on May 15, 2017. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The issue is also the subject of new legislation on Capitol Hill. On Thursday, the bipartisan “Dream Act” was \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/immigration/durbin-graham-file-dream-act-hoping-to-ward-off-legal-challenge-to-daca/2017/07/20/19ade326-6cd4-11e7-b9e2-2056e768a7e5_story.html?utm_term=.7e0eab467776\">introduced in the Senate\u003c/a> by Sen. Richard Durbin, D-Ill., and Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., who want to offer a path to permanent legal status to people who arrived in the U.S. as children, can pass a background check, and otherwise fit the DACA criteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham also said he’s unsure how a federal court might rule on the legal challenge to the president’s power to grant legal residency to hundreds of thousands of immigrants. But, he said, “These DACA kids have come out of the shadows at the invitation of their government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saying those young people deserve to be treated fairly, Graham added, “If you told them to go back home, they would go to where they were raised. They’re no more connected with a foreign country than I am.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "\"You have repeatedly expressed your support for Dreamers. Today, we join together to urge you not to capitulate,\" California AG Xavier Becerra tells President Trump.",
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"title": "California Urges Trump To 'Affirm American Values,' Keep DACA | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Citing concern for the nearly 800,000 young immigrants who have been granted protections under the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, California Attorney General Xavier Becerra and 19 of his colleagues are asking President Trump to keep the program running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press_releases/7-21-17%20%20Letter%20from%20State%20AGs%20to%20President%20Trump%20re%20DACA.final_.pdf\">a letter to the president\u003c/a>, Becerra and the other attorneys general are urging Trump to refuse a request from Texas and nine other states that wrote to Attorney General Jeff Sessions, asking the Trump administration to rescind DACA, which was established by President Barack Obama in a June 15, 2012, memorandum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the state officials say, the president should defend the program that benefits “Dreamers” — people brought to the U.S. illegally as children — by providing a legal framework for them to live and work in the country. More than 200,000 DACA grantees live in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra wrote to Trump:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“You have repeatedly expressed your support for Dreamers. Today, we join together to urge you not to capitulate to the demands Texas and nine other states set forth in their June 29, 2017, letter to Attorney General Jeff Sessions. That letter demands, under threat of litigation, that your Administration end the DACA initiative. The arguments set forth in that letter are wrong as a matter of law and policy.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In that \u003ca href=\"https://www.texasattorneygeneral.gov/files/epress/DACA_letter_6_29_2017.pdf?cachebuster:5\">June 29 letter\u003c/a>, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton said the DACA program is unlawful, writing that it “covers over one million otherwise unlawfully present aliens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paxton and his allies from Tennessee, Louisiana and other states sent the letter after Trump made headlines by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/06/16/533255575/trump-allows-dreamers-to-stay-removes-protections-for-parents\">reversing himself on a campaign promise\u003c/a> to dismantle DACA. In June, the Department of Homeland Security revoked DAPA — the similar Obama-era program that protected the parents of U.S. citizens and legal residents — but the agency left DACA intact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to take care of everybody,” Trump told ABC at the time. “But I will tell you, we’re looking at this, the whole immigration situation, we’re looking at it with great heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter Becerra sent to the White House on Friday, he wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Mr. President, now is the time to affirm the commitment you made, both to the ‘incredible kids’ who benefit from DACA and to their families and our communities, to handle this issue ‘with heart.’ You said Dreamers should ‘rest easy.’ We urge you to affirm America’s values and tradition as a nation of immigrants and make clear that you will not only continue DACA, but that you will defend it.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Becerra was joined by attorneys general from Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, Vermont, Washington and Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11579539\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11579539\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"California Attorney General Xavier Becerra spoke to journalists in Sacramento on May 15, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25430_20170515_StateCapitol_AG_XavierBecerra_credit_BertJohnson-3-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Xavier Becerra spoke to journalists in Sacramento on May 15, 2017. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The issue is also the subject of new legislation on Capitol Hill. On Thursday, the bipartisan “Dream Act” was \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/immigration/durbin-graham-file-dream-act-hoping-to-ward-off-legal-challenge-to-daca/2017/07/20/19ade326-6cd4-11e7-b9e2-2056e768a7e5_story.html?utm_term=.7e0eab467776\">introduced in the Senate\u003c/a> by Sen. Richard Durbin, D-Ill., and Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., who want to offer a path to permanent legal status to people who arrived in the U.S. as children, can pass a background check, and otherwise fit the DACA criteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham also said he’s unsure how a federal court might rule on the legal challenge to the president’s power to grant legal residency to hundreds of thousands of immigrants. But, he said, “These DACA kids have come out of the shadows at the invitation of their government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saying those young people deserve to be treated fairly, Graham added, “If you told them to go back home, they would go to where they were raised. They’re no more connected with a foreign country than I am.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/071917zr_o7jp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has upheld parts\u003c/a> of a lower court order that widened the definition of which citizens from the six Muslim-majority countries covered by the Trump administration's travel ban are still eligible to travel to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order leaves in place the action of a U.S. District Court judge in Hawaii who broadened the definition of close family to include categories such as the grandparents and cousins of a person in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the Supreme Court blocked another part of the lower court order, which said that citizens with formal assurances from a U.S. refugee resettlement agency are eligible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the travel ban was introduced, defining which citizens from the six countries are exempted has been redefined multiple times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/26/533934989/supreme-court-will-hear-cases-on-president-trumps-travel-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">as we reported\u003c/a>, the Supreme Court ruled that parts of the Trump administration's ban can take effect while the justices prepare to hear oral arguments on the case later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the court said travelers from the six countries -- Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen -- can be exempted from the ban if they have a \"bona fide relationship\" with a person in the U.S., including close family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal question here is centered on how to define a \"bona fide relationship.\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/07/14/537159288/hawaii-judge-exempts-grandparents-and-other-relatives-from-trump-travel-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">As we reported\u003c/a>, the Trump administration argued that assurances from a refugee agency are \"not sufficient\" to constitute this relationship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the judge in Hawaii rejected this argument. \"An assurance from a United States refugee resettlement agency, in fact, meets each of the Supreme Court's touchstones: it is formal, it is a documented contract, it is binding, it triggers responsibilities and obligations,\" federal District Court Judge Derrick Watson wrote. \"Bona fide does not get any more bona fide than that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court justices, however, stayed that portion of the Hawaii judge's order, without elaborating. It sent the case back to the 9th Circuit for a ruling. The Trump administration had asked the high court to settle the dispute, leapfrogging the 9th Circuit, which the justices denied without comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order said that Justices Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito and Neil Gorsuch would have stayed the entire lower court order, including the broadening of close family categories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naureen Shah, Amnesty International USA senior director of campaigns, stated that today's order \"jeopardizes the safety of thousands of people across the world, including vulnerable families fleeing war and violence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/07/17/537764480/grandparents-eligible-for-visas-under-expanded-instructions-on-travel-ban\">the State Department released\u003c/a> new instructions to U.S. embassies and consulates, instructing them to implement the Hawaii court's order expanding the definition of close family to include grandparents, grandchildren, brothers-in-law, sisters-in-law, aunts and uncles, nephews and nieces, and cousins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the court said travelers from the six countries -- Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen -- can be exempted from the ban if they have a \"bona fide relationship\" with a person in the U.S., including close family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal question here is centered on how to define a \"bona fide relationship.\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/07/14/537159288/hawaii-judge-exempts-grandparents-and-other-relatives-from-trump-travel-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">As we reported\u003c/a>, the Trump administration argued that assurances from a refugee agency are \"not sufficient\" to constitute this relationship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the judge in Hawaii rejected this argument. \"An assurance from a United States refugee resettlement agency, in fact, meets each of the Supreme Court's touchstones: it is formal, it is a documented contract, it is binding, it triggers responsibilities and obligations,\" federal District Court Judge Derrick Watson wrote. \"Bona fide does not get any more bona fide than that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court justices, however, stayed that portion of the Hawaii judge's order, without elaborating. It sent the case back to the 9th Circuit for a ruling. The Trump administration had asked the high court to settle the dispute, leapfrogging the 9th Circuit, which the justices denied without comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order said that Justices Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito and Neil Gorsuch would have stayed the entire lower court order, including the broadening of close family categories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naureen Shah, Amnesty International USA senior director of campaigns, stated that today's order \"jeopardizes the safety of thousands of people across the world, including vulnerable families fleeing war and violence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/07/17/537764480/grandparents-eligible-for-visas-under-expanded-instructions-on-travel-ban\">the State Department released\u003c/a> new instructions to U.S. embassies and consulates, instructing them to implement the Hawaii court's order expanding the definition of close family to include grandparents, grandchildren, brothers-in-law, sisters-in-law, aunts and uncles, nephews and nieces, and cousins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Despite Political Differences, Two High School Teachers Find Common Ground",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>For our series \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/start-the-conversation/\">Start the Conversation\u003c/a>, we’ve been bringing people together who sit on different sides of a political or cultural divide, to talk about the issues that are important to them.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>They’re civil dialogues, not debates -- and we hope they’re a way to try to bridge some of the divisions between us in this politically charged time.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Two teachers -- Brandon Johnson and Ysidro Valenzuela -- talk about the intersection of politics and education.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon Johnson and Ysidro Valenzuela both took roundabout paths to their current jobs as high school teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11567925\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 434px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11567925\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"434\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut.jpg 434w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-160x163.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-240x245.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-375x383.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ysidro Valenzuela teaches History and Race and Social Justice at Fresno High School. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Ysidro Valenzuela )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Johnson spent years working in the corporate world \"chasing the dollar,\" but found himself unhappy. He'd been a Boy Scout leader for 15 years and enjoyed working with kids, so he decided to move into teaching. He currently teaches social studies and Spanish at Skyline High School in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ysidro Valenzuela didn't know what he wanted to do with his life when he was in college, and it took him 10 years to get his first four-year college degree. Now he teaches history and social justice classes at Fresno High School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While they share a circuitous route to teaching, they differ when it comes to politics. Johnson is a former Marine who identifies as conservative and is part of a small minority in the Bay Area that voted for Donald Trump. Ysidro, on the other hand, is a \"lifelong liberal\" and member of the Democratic Party. He supported Bernie Sanders, though he lives in the more politically conservative Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when they came together to talk, they found themselves finding a lot of common ground, especially when it came to their students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/07/TeacherConvo.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/Johnson800.jpg\" Title=\"Despite Political Differences, Two High School Teachers Find Common Ground\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some highlights from their conversation:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On their immigrant students:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brandon Johnson\u003c/strong>: A large percentage of my students are first- and second-generation immigrants from all over the world, and they do heroic things with big goals and big dreams, and we send them off to major universities. When you think about especially the individual kids for me and many of my colleagues, it brings tears to your eyes. You know what they overcome, and they still stay. And I think that's what makes me proud as an American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ysidro Valenzuela\u003c/strong>: I think it's fantastic to compare the American Dream [to immigrant students] as you just did. I completely agree with you. That's patriotism, right? It comes in many forms, and when I watch [immigrant students] overcome their own obstacles and do the best they possibly can, that's just about as an American Dream as you can get.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On talking politics with their students:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Johnson\u003c/strong>: I kind of have an interesting position because in Oakland we try to have both sides of every issue. It's kind of a district mandate that when you have a guest speaker, you need to have somebody [from the other side]. And because most teachers didn't know any other conservatives, I became the token counter guy. I'm a conservative. I explain to them why I voted the way I did, and yes, I voted for Trump, not that I am a Trump fan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"G0X8H6nWRMKV1TEQD9jsQCeJfmm0ONq6\"]\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Valenzuela\u003c/strong>: One of the things that students, especially the curious students, ask a lot is, \"Well, what do you think, Mr. Valenzuela?\" When it comes to politics, when students ask, I answer them. I'm a lifelong liberal. I have been a member of the Democratic Party for some time. I try to make sure we present both sides, but when they ask me a personal question, I certainly answer, especially when it comes to things like immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On politics today:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Johnson\u003c/strong>: To be honest, I'm totally disappointed with both parties. It used to be the Democratic Party was about social justice and helping the poor and jobs and unions. Where has that gotten [the country]? Look at the systems it has established. And the Republican Party, it's money for grabs. They're both the same, and hence the outsiders. You liked Bernie, I like Trump. I think there needs to be a housecleaning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Valenzuela\u003c/strong>: I think what makes me hopeful is that we're seeing more civic activism. I know it seems like we're in divisive times, but it's also an opportunity to see the best of us, to see what makes us Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every day I have a student who comes in, and they ask a question about something going on in the headlines. \"What does this mean? How do I find out more about that?\" And then it leads to another question and then another question. And that's education, right? You talk about a teachable moment. Every day these days is a teachable moment for students.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>For our series \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/start-the-conversation/\">Start the Conversation\u003c/a>, we’ve been bringing people together who sit on different sides of a political or cultural divide, to talk about the issues that are important to them.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>They’re civil dialogues, not debates -- and we hope they’re a way to try to bridge some of the divisions between us in this politically charged time.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Two teachers -- Brandon Johnson and Ysidro Valenzuela -- talk about the intersection of politics and education.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon Johnson and Ysidro Valenzuela both took roundabout paths to their current jobs as high school teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11567925\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 434px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11567925\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"434\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut.jpg 434w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-160x163.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-240x245.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-375x383.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25994_Ysidro-qut-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ysidro Valenzuela teaches History and Race and Social Justice at Fresno High School. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Ysidro Valenzuela )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Johnson spent years working in the corporate world \"chasing the dollar,\" but found himself unhappy. He'd been a Boy Scout leader for 15 years and enjoyed working with kids, so he decided to move into teaching. He currently teaches social studies and Spanish at Skyline High School in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some highlights from their conversation:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On their immigrant students:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brandon Johnson\u003c/strong>: A large percentage of my students are first- and second-generation immigrants from all over the world, and they do heroic things with big goals and big dreams, and we send them off to major universities. When you think about especially the individual kids for me and many of my colleagues, it brings tears to your eyes. You know what they overcome, and they still stay. And I think that's what makes me proud as an American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ysidro Valenzuela\u003c/strong>: I think it's fantastic to compare the American Dream [to immigrant students] as you just did. I completely agree with you. That's patriotism, right? It comes in many forms, and when I watch [immigrant students] overcome their own obstacles and do the best they possibly can, that's just about as an American Dream as you can get.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On talking politics with their students:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Johnson\u003c/strong>: I kind of have an interesting position because in Oakland we try to have both sides of every issue. It's kind of a district mandate that when you have a guest speaker, you need to have somebody [from the other side]. And because most teachers didn't know any other conservatives, I became the token counter guy. I'm a conservative. I explain to them why I voted the way I did, and yes, I voted for Trump, not that I am a Trump fan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Valenzuela\u003c/strong>: One of the things that students, especially the curious students, ask a lot is, \"Well, what do you think, Mr. Valenzuela?\" When it comes to politics, when students ask, I answer them. I'm a lifelong liberal. I have been a member of the Democratic Party for some time. I try to make sure we present both sides, but when they ask me a personal question, I certainly answer, especially when it comes to things like immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On politics today:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Johnson\u003c/strong>: To be honest, I'm totally disappointed with both parties. It used to be the Democratic Party was about social justice and helping the poor and jobs and unions. Where has that gotten [the country]? Look at the systems it has established. And the Republican Party, it's money for grabs. They're both the same, and hence the outsiders. You liked Bernie, I like Trump. I think there needs to be a housecleaning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Valenzuela\u003c/strong>: I think what makes me hopeful is that we're seeing more civic activism. I know it seems like we're in divisive times, but it's also an opportunity to see the best of us, to see what makes us Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every day I have a student who comes in, and they ask a question about something going on in the headlines. \"What does this mean? How do I find out more about that?\" And then it leads to another question and then another question. And that's education, right? You talk about a teachable moment. Every day these days is a teachable moment for students.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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