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"content": "\u003cp>India Poetzscher has quantified the environmental risks to the largest organ in the human body. That’s no small feat for a senior attending University High School in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 17-year-old created the \u003ca href=\"https://apps.apple.com/us/app/skinchem/id6447789991\">Skin Chem app\u003c/a>, which gives users a risk score based on their location. This number helps show how environmental conditions, such as sun exposure and air pollution, threaten skin health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people are becoming more aware about UV and how that affects your skin, but there are all these other chemicals that I don’t think they’re as aware of,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the UV index, Poetzscher wanted to highlight air pollution and other factors that affect skin health. The app includes a calculator feature that takes into account cigarette smoking, car traffic and daily sunscreen use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I decided to make an app because I feel like it’s very accessible in today’s society,” Poetzscher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has long been interested in skin care. As she learned about chemistry, she noticed certain beauty products have toxic compounds. She then began doing her own research, leading her to pursue an independent study class at school. Thus, the Skin Chem app was born. It won the 2022 Congressional App Challenge for California’s 12th District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SpeakerPelosi/status/1649174665816932352\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Divya Seth, a procedural dermatology fellow at UCSF’s Dermatologic Surgery and Laser Center, said Skin Chem is promising in how it draws on environmental data to give people a snapshot of their risk on a particular day. During her medical training, she studied how the environment affects our skin, and in doing that work, she looked for similar tools. Nothing came close to Skin Chem, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although there are some different tools out there related to other types of environmental exposures, they don’t really come together in a way that directly allows you to figure out how they impact your skin specifically,” Seth said. “I think this app is unique in that it brings together that environmental data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked about potential improvements to the app, Seth said while she sees the app as a great first step, she would like to see the technology give people actionable prompts. Right now, users get a risk score and are asked to take precautions — but the app doesn’t tell people to wear sunscreen or put on a hat. “As we think about how UV exposure leads to skin cancer, or how the particulate matter index can lead to different inflammatory skin conditions, I think having those next steps could be really important,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Poetzscher’s project initially began from an interest in personal skin care, the stakes for skin health could be getting higher as the climate crisis intensifies. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ametsoc.org/index.cfm/ams/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/explaining-extreme-events-from-a-climate-perspective/\">report by the American Meteorological Society\u003c/a> found that climate change drove unprecedented heat waves, floods and droughts in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, extreme heat has been making headlines in places like \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/01/1191238086/phoenix-ends-31-day-streak-of-highs-at-or-above-110-degrees-by-reaching-108#:~:text=Phoenix%20ends%2031%2Dday%20streak,degrees%20%E2%80%94%20by%20reaching%20108%20%3A%20NPR&text=Hourly%20News-,Phoenix%20ends%2031%2Dday%20streak%20of%20highs%20at%20or%20above,Arizona%20and%20into%20California's%20desert.\">Phoenix\u003c/a>, where record-breaking temperatures of more than 110 degrees lasted over a month. The hot weather spread into California, as well, with triple-digit temperatures seen in parts of the Bay and in the Central Valley.[aside tag=\"wildfire, technology\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]Institutions like UCSF are exploring the relationship between skin health and the climate. According to a 2021 \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2778632?guestAccessKey=8ae10d43-5a47-49a9-871f-333058452007\">UCSF study\u003c/a>, during the 2018 Camp Fire, which choked the Bay Area in wildfire smoke, health clinics in San Francisco saw an increase in the number of patient visits for eczema. The findings suggest that short-term exposure to hazardous air can be damaging to skin health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Seth, other U.S. research has shown that as pollutants or exposure to different factories in your area increases, there’s an increased risk of different inflammatory skin conditions. Lately, she has been looking into neighborhood disparities. Where you live may determine your propensity to certain skin conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thing that I think is powerful about this app is looking at those hyperlocal conditions and understanding how those can change just based on built environment factors,” said Sadie Wilson, senior resilience manager at Greenbelt Alliance, a Bay Area nonprofit climate advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This hyperlocal attention — seen in the location-based approach of the Skin Chem app — is key to combating the larger threats emerging from the climate crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we think about climate change, usually in global emissions, all of them are adding up to have these huge shifts in our climate, we don’t often talk about how that results in really local conditions,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This local focus is showing up in the Greenbelt Alliance’s work with the summer launch of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.greenbelt.org/hotspots/\">Resilience Hotspots Initiative\u003c/a>, which identifies several climate-vulnerable communities — North Richmond shoreline, Suisun City, Newark, southwest Santa Rosa and Gilroy — and how they could benefit from nature-based solutions, or using the natural environment as resilience solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not just understanding a tree for its aesthetic purposes, but really understanding how that plays a role in stormwater capture and heat reduction in air purification,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative’s work in Gilroy and Santa Rosa is geared toward partnerships with local organizations to help respond to heat and wildfire risks while keeping equity in mind. In parts of Santa Rosa and other agriculture-based communities, predominantly Latino farmworker communities face the brunt of working outside in extreme heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson said education is a big part of the gap that needs to be filled to help communities of color especially become resilient to climate impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Organizing and getting involved locally are some of the best ways to make change,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Poetzscher, who is part of a new climate-conscious generation, it’s the spirit of outreach that could promote hope in the face of our planet’s biggest crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I learned so much during this project,” she said. “There’s still a lot of work to be done in terms of spreading awareness about this issue. But I think it’s better than before and it’s improving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Brian Watt interviewed India Poetzscher. Listen to the audio \u003ca href=\"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/a717d537-56e0-46c2-842c-b06d0111e106/audio.mp3\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Institutions like UCSF are exploring the relationship between skin health and the climate. According to a 2021 \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2778632?guestAccessKey=8ae10d43-5a47-49a9-871f-333058452007\">UCSF study\u003c/a>, during the 2018 Camp Fire, which choked the Bay Area in wildfire smoke, health clinics in San Francisco saw an increase in the number of patient visits for eczema. The findings suggest that short-term exposure to hazardous air can be damaging to skin health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Seth, other U.S. research has shown that as pollutants or exposure to different factories in your area increases, there’s an increased risk of different inflammatory skin conditions. Lately, she has been looking into neighborhood disparities. Where you live may determine your propensity to certain skin conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thing that I think is powerful about this app is looking at those hyperlocal conditions and understanding how those can change just based on built environment factors,” said Sadie Wilson, senior resilience manager at Greenbelt Alliance, a Bay Area nonprofit climate advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This hyperlocal attention — seen in the location-based approach of the Skin Chem app — is key to combating the larger threats emerging from the climate crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we think about climate change, usually in global emissions, all of them are adding up to have these huge shifts in our climate, we don’t often talk about how that results in really local conditions,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This local focus is showing up in the Greenbelt Alliance’s work with the summer launch of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.greenbelt.org/hotspots/\">Resilience Hotspots Initiative\u003c/a>, which identifies several climate-vulnerable communities — North Richmond shoreline, Suisun City, Newark, southwest Santa Rosa and Gilroy — and how they could benefit from nature-based solutions, or using the natural environment as resilience solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not just understanding a tree for its aesthetic purposes, but really understanding how that plays a role in stormwater capture and heat reduction in air purification,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative’s work in Gilroy and Santa Rosa is geared toward partnerships with local organizations to help respond to heat and wildfire risks while keeping equity in mind. In parts of Santa Rosa and other agriculture-based communities, predominantly Latino farmworker communities face the brunt of working outside in extreme heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson said education is a big part of the gap that needs to be filled to help communities of color especially become resilient to climate impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Organizing and getting involved locally are some of the best ways to make change,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Poetzscher, who is part of a new climate-conscious generation, it’s the spirit of outreach that could promote hope in the face of our planet’s biggest crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I learned so much during this project,” she said. “There’s still a lot of work to be done in terms of spreading awareness about this issue. But I think it’s better than before and it’s improving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Brian Watt interviewed India Poetzscher. Listen to the audio \u003ca href=\"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/a717d537-56e0-46c2-842c-b06d0111e106/audio.mp3\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As people in Maui continue to recover from the deadliest wildfires in the U.S. in the last century, a fire official from the East Bay is there helping with search and recovery efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Peter has over three decades of experience in California’s fire service, having worked in San Diego 30 years before joining the Contra Costa County Fire Protection District, where he serves as an assistant fire chief. He’s been involved with the National Urban Search and Rescue system since 1995 and has been across the country to respond to natural disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter talks with KQED’s Rachael Vazquez about the state of recovery efforts in Maui, and what Bay Area emergency officials can learn from the devastating fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Below is an extended version of the interview, edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You’ve been in Maui for two weeks. Can you tell us what you saw when you first got there? How have things changed?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s similar to many of the devastating fires we’ve had in California. Many of the structures are very close together in the Lahaina area and we saw about 80% of these residential structures and commercial structures completely burned to the ground. It’s definitely a tragic incident. The devastation is significant, and unfortunately the life loss is high, as many of your viewers have seen. So it’s tough, because it’s such a beautiful place, but a pretty devastating disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Having been there a few weeks now, what kind of work are you and your team focusing on?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve been in Maui since the morning of August 11. My team is one of three management teams that manage the 28 National Urban Search and Rescue teams across the country. As the federal partners, we’re always there to serve the local authorities, whether it be a city, county or a state. My role is as a liaison officer and my team coordinates the work with the local authorities so we can then manage our task forces that are here at the incident to perform their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Despite all of your experience, is it still hard for you personally to see all of the devastation that you’re seeing in Maui now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, it is. It’s really tough work physically and emotionally for our people and our rescue specialists. My first response was to 9/11. I’ve been to Hurricane Sandy, Matthew, Harvey, Irma, the Miami condo collapse and now Lahaina. It certainly is devastating. Personally I have a connection to Lahaina, I’ve been here many times, so it definitely connects you to the disaster for sure. But with our people, their passion is to help people in their time of need, and our folks get great value in finding and searching for remains to help those that lost their loved ones be able to begin the grieving process and to provide them some comfort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11959270\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11959270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586.jpg\" alt=\"A helicopter flying over a burnt town.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marine One, carrying President Joe Biden, flies above wildfire damage in Lahaina on the island of Maui, in Hawaii on Aug. 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kinds of things do you do to find the energy to keep going back to scenes like this over the years? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I think it’s just the average wiring of a public safety person, whether it be a firefighter or a law enforcement person. Most of us just have an inner passion to help and serve the public when they’re truly in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How have you seen wildfires change over the course of your career?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those of us in the fire service are continuing to see significant fires in California, both in Northern and Southern California. Now, unfortunately, in Hawaii as well. And as we continue to build more and more homes out in what’s called the Wildland-Urban Interface, and as we get fire weather associated with low relative humidity or increased winds, it becomes very challenging to deal with wildland fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California has a lot of experience with wildfires. And as the climate continues to change, there could be more places that need to draw on that expertise. What goes through your mind when you think about more frequent, more intense wildfires becoming a reality in more places?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, it is becoming a reality, as you mentioned. I think preparedness is extremely important for all citizens, to make sure they’ve got as much defensible space around their homes as possible and that they’re prepared in the event of a wildfire to evacuate, gather up their loved ones, any belongings that are critical. And then we in public safety need to make sure that we’re prepared and adequately staffed and have enough resources to handle significant incidents. We are very lucky in the state of California that we have a very robust mutual aid system where we can move fire resources up and down the state routinely for bigger fires and to help all of our partners across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And for those people living in fire-prone areas, can you say a little bit more about the advice you have for them? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think it’s critically important that every resident in California is prepared for a fire or earthquake or any other potential natural disaster. So having a plan with your family, having a secondary means of contact with your children and loved ones, and then making sure that you’ve got the ability to help yourself out to some degree, whether it be bottled water or food kits, and then making sure that — in the fire setting — you have a defensible space around your structure, and hopefully more than one way out of your neighborhood, because it can often be a challenge for people to get out when they’re trying to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are there lessons for the Bay Area’s emergency officials in how this fire in Maui was handled? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like with any fire, it’s just really important that everyone is prepared — the public safety providers, fire and law, and also the citizens. Preparedness is the key. Making sure people are aware of what’s going on and are connected to county alerts for fire notifications and listening to orders for evacuations and evacuating quickly and not thinking twice about it, because life is always more important than property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As people in Maui continue to recover from the deadliest wildfires in the U.S. in the last century, a fire official from the East Bay is there helping with search and recovery efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Peter has over three decades of experience in California’s fire service, having worked in San Diego 30 years before joining the Contra Costa County Fire Protection District, where he serves as an assistant fire chief. He’s been involved with the National Urban Search and Rescue system since 1995 and has been across the country to respond to natural disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter talks with KQED’s Rachael Vazquez about the state of recovery efforts in Maui, and what Bay Area emergency officials can learn from the devastating fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Below is an extended version of the interview, edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You’ve been in Maui for two weeks. Can you tell us what you saw when you first got there? How have things changed?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s similar to many of the devastating fires we’ve had in California. Many of the structures are very close together in the Lahaina area and we saw about 80% of these residential structures and commercial structures completely burned to the ground. It’s definitely a tragic incident. The devastation is significant, and unfortunately the life loss is high, as many of your viewers have seen. So it’s tough, because it’s such a beautiful place, but a pretty devastating disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Having been there a few weeks now, what kind of work are you and your team focusing on?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve been in Maui since the morning of August 11. My team is one of three management teams that manage the 28 National Urban Search and Rescue teams across the country. As the federal partners, we’re always there to serve the local authorities, whether it be a city, county or a state. My role is as a liaison officer and my team coordinates the work with the local authorities so we can then manage our task forces that are here at the incident to perform their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Despite all of your experience, is it still hard for you personally to see all of the devastation that you’re seeing in Maui now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, it is. It’s really tough work physically and emotionally for our people and our rescue specialists. My first response was to 9/11. I’ve been to Hurricane Sandy, Matthew, Harvey, Irma, the Miami condo collapse and now Lahaina. It certainly is devastating. Personally I have a connection to Lahaina, I’ve been here many times, so it definitely connects you to the disaster for sure. But with our people, their passion is to help people in their time of need, and our folks get great value in finding and searching for remains to help those that lost their loved ones be able to begin the grieving process and to provide them some comfort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11959270\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11959270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586.jpg\" alt=\"A helicopter flying over a burnt town.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614615586-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marine One, carrying President Joe Biden, flies above wildfire damage in Lahaina on the island of Maui, in Hawaii on Aug. 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kinds of things do you do to find the energy to keep going back to scenes like this over the years? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I think it’s just the average wiring of a public safety person, whether it be a firefighter or a law enforcement person. Most of us just have an inner passion to help and serve the public when they’re truly in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How have you seen wildfires change over the course of your career?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those of us in the fire service are continuing to see significant fires in California, both in Northern and Southern California. Now, unfortunately, in Hawaii as well. And as we continue to build more and more homes out in what’s called the Wildland-Urban Interface, and as we get fire weather associated with low relative humidity or increased winds, it becomes very challenging to deal with wildland fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California has a lot of experience with wildfires. And as the climate continues to change, there could be more places that need to draw on that expertise. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And for those people living in fire-prone areas, can you say a little bit more about the advice you have for them? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think it’s critically important that every resident in California is prepared for a fire or earthquake or any other potential natural disaster. So having a plan with your family, having a secondary means of contact with your children and loved ones, and then making sure that you’ve got the ability to help yourself out to some degree, whether it be bottled water or food kits, and then making sure that — in the fire setting — you have a defensible space around your structure, and hopefully more than one way out of your neighborhood, because it can often be a challenge for people to get out when they’re trying to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are there lessons for the Bay Area’s emergency officials in how this fire in Maui was handled? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like with any fire, it’s just really important that everyone is prepared — the public safety providers, fire and law, and also the citizens. Preparedness is the key. Making sure people are aware of what’s going on and are connected to county alerts for fire notifications and listening to orders for evacuations and evacuating quickly and not thinking twice about it, because life is always more important than property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "'Warm Below the Storm': World's Largest Known Octopus Garden Discovered Off California Coast",
"headTitle": "‘Warm Below the Storm’: World’s Largest Known Octopus Garden Discovered Off California Coast | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>California researchers are part of a team that has identified the largest known octopus garden in the world — just 80 miles south of Monterey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Octopuses are generally considered solitary creatures, so it came as a surprise when the team found thousands of them congregating some 10,500 feet underwater, where heat seeping up from the base of an extinct underwater volcano helps their eggs hatch faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Its location is really crucial. We didn’t know this when we first discovered it,” said Amanda Kahn, an invertebrate ecologist with San José State’s Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, who co-authored a study out Wednesday in the peer-reviewed journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adg3247\">Science Advances\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings, driven by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, whose senior scientist Jim Barry is the lead author of the new study, build off 2018 research. At the time, scientists discovered thousands of octopuses on the seafloor near the base of an extinct volcano, the Davidson Seamount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest study now confirms these deep-sea octopuses migrate to the area to reproduce — which is part of what makes this octopus gathering so special, Kahn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She spoke more about the findings, their significance and, of course, the connection to a Beatles song with KQED’s Brian Watt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEXUOPkQPo8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Watt: First off, what does an octopus garden look like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amanda Kahn:\u003c/strong> If you looked out over the octopus garden, you would see tens to hundreds of octopuses flipped upside down. Their beaks are pointed up and their arms wrapped around their bodies in crevices and cracks and seams along the seafloor. And if you looked closer, under those octopus arms, there would be clusters of eggs cemented to the rock. The mothers would fan water to move new water past the eggs, and they would protect those eggs as scavengers like shrimp or snails would migrate in trying to catch an egg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So the takeaway of this study is that mating is happening here?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correct. But not only is mating happening here at Davidson Seamount and the octopus garden, but the reason they’re coming to that particular spot is the warm water that’s seeping from the cracks and crevices. So that warmth is speeding up the development rate of the embryos. And that in turn means that they’re in that very vulnerable egg stage for a shorter period that protects them from infection or injury or predators that may come in. That warm water is really crucial for the development of the eggs and the octopus embryos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are called hydrothermal warm springs, and they don’t form everywhere. They form along a geological feature called a ridge-flank system, and these ridge-flank systems are places where that warm water can seep out. There are only a handful of areas where these warm hydrothermal springs have been found, and where they were found is because octopuses were identified there. So it’s a neat connection between this key geological feature and biology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958997\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958997\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"A screengrab from video of a purple octopus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This 2019 image from video provided by MBARI shows a male pearl octopus at the ‘octopus garden,’ near the Davidson Seamount off the California coast at a depth of approximately 10,500 feet. \u003ccite>(MBARI via AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can this study help us understand ecological habitats with respect to climate change?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The relationship between the octopus nursery and temperature is really important because warmer water is important for speeding up the development of the embryos. We estimated that in cold water it would take five-to-eight years or even longer for those eggs to develop, but instead it took just under two. So that’s really beneficial for this species, but it comes with risks. So if that water gets to be too warm or if, say, that fluid shifts and exposes the eggs to slightly warmer temperatures, then those eggs could become unviable and not hatch.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Amanda Kahn, invertebrate ecologist, San José State’s Moss Landing Marine Laboratories\"]‘We estimated that in cold water it would take five-to-eight years or even longer for those eggs to develop, but instead it took just under two.’[/pullquote]The other connection is the embryos developed fast because their metabolic rates speed up in the warmer water, but the metabolic rates of the mothers do, as well. Octopus mothers brood their young for two years and they don’t eat during that time. So they have to subsist just on the energy reserves that they have in their bodies. And if their metabolic rate speeds up to be too much, there’s a risk that they could burn through those reserves before their eggs hatch and without the mothers protecting their eggs. We’ve seen broods that have been invaded by scavengers and predators, and they quickly get taken away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>That is so interesting, and you know that I have to ask this, given the Beatles song …\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I will say that song absolutely came up, and we were definitely singing it on the ship when we were out exploring this area. You just can’t avoid it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So does an octopus garden create a lot of shade by ocean standards?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, this nursery is about 2 miles deep, and so we could safely say that light does not penetrate that far into the ocean. So they’re absolutely in the shade in the inky blackness of the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: In an email Thursday, Kahn gave a clarification to the above question about climate change, writing, “This research didn’t directly study a link between climate change and the octopus, and that what the study reported was a discussion of the relationship between temperature and brood period.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California researchers are part of a team that has identified the largest known octopus garden in the world — just 80 miles south of Monterey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Octopuses are generally considered solitary creatures, so it came as a surprise when the team found thousands of them congregating some 10,500 feet underwater, where heat seeping up from the base of an extinct underwater volcano helps their eggs hatch faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Its location is really crucial. We didn’t know this when we first discovered it,” said Amanda Kahn, an invertebrate ecologist with San José State’s Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, who co-authored a study out Wednesday in the peer-reviewed journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adg3247\">Science Advances\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings, driven by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, whose senior scientist Jim Barry is the lead author of the new study, build off 2018 research. At the time, scientists discovered thousands of octopuses on the seafloor near the base of an extinct volcano, the Davidson Seamount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest study now confirms these deep-sea octopuses migrate to the area to reproduce — which is part of what makes this octopus gathering so special, Kahn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She spoke more about the findings, their significance and, of course, the connection to a Beatles song with KQED’s Brian Watt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/zEXUOPkQPo8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/zEXUOPkQPo8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Watt: First off, what does an octopus garden look like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amanda Kahn:\u003c/strong> If you looked out over the octopus garden, you would see tens to hundreds of octopuses flipped upside down. Their beaks are pointed up and their arms wrapped around their bodies in crevices and cracks and seams along the seafloor. And if you looked closer, under those octopus arms, there would be clusters of eggs cemented to the rock. The mothers would fan water to move new water past the eggs, and they would protect those eggs as scavengers like shrimp or snails would migrate in trying to catch an egg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So the takeaway of this study is that mating is happening here?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correct. But not only is mating happening here at Davidson Seamount and the octopus garden, but the reason they’re coming to that particular spot is the warm water that’s seeping from the cracks and crevices. So that warmth is speeding up the development rate of the embryos. And that in turn means that they’re in that very vulnerable egg stage for a shorter period that protects them from infection or injury or predators that may come in. That warm water is really crucial for the development of the eggs and the octopus embryos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are called hydrothermal warm springs, and they don’t form everywhere. They form along a geological feature called a ridge-flank system, and these ridge-flank systems are places where that warm water can seep out. There are only a handful of areas where these warm hydrothermal springs have been found, and where they were found is because octopuses were identified there. So it’s a neat connection between this key geological feature and biology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958997\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958997\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"A screengrab from video of a purple octopus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/octopus.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This 2019 image from video provided by MBARI shows a male pearl octopus at the ‘octopus garden,’ near the Davidson Seamount off the California coast at a depth of approximately 10,500 feet. \u003ccite>(MBARI via AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can this study help us understand ecological habitats with respect to climate change?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The relationship between the octopus nursery and temperature is really important because warmer water is important for speeding up the development of the embryos. We estimated that in cold water it would take five-to-eight years or even longer for those eggs to develop, but instead it took just under two. So that’s really beneficial for this species, but it comes with risks. So if that water gets to be too warm or if, say, that fluid shifts and exposes the eggs to slightly warmer temperatures, then those eggs could become unviable and not hatch.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The other connection is the embryos developed fast because their metabolic rates speed up in the warmer water, but the metabolic rates of the mothers do, as well. Octopus mothers brood their young for two years and they don’t eat during that time. So they have to subsist just on the energy reserves that they have in their bodies. And if their metabolic rate speeds up to be too much, there’s a risk that they could burn through those reserves before their eggs hatch and without the mothers protecting their eggs. We’ve seen broods that have been invaded by scavengers and predators, and they quickly get taken away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>That is so interesting, and you know that I have to ask this, given the Beatles song …\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I will say that song absolutely came up, and we were definitely singing it on the ship when we were out exploring this area. You just can’t avoid it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So does an octopus garden create a lot of shade by ocean standards?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, this nursery is about 2 miles deep, and so we could safely say that light does not penetrate that far into the ocean. So they’re absolutely in the shade in the inky blackness of the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: In an email Thursday, Kahn gave a clarification to the above question about climate change, writing, “This research didn’t directly study a link between climate change and the octopus, and that what the study reported was a discussion of the relationship between temperature and brood period.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Alameda County DA's Office Wants Your Help Investigating Schnitzer Steel Fire",
"headTitle": "Alameda County DA’s Office Wants Your Help Investigating Schnitzer Steel Fire | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 6:30 p.m. Tuesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alameda County District Attorney’s Office announced Monday they are investigating the fire at Schnitzer Steel metal recycling facility near the Port of Oakland that sent plumes of stinky smoke across a large swath of the East Bay on August 9.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The District Attorney’s office announced the investigation on X, formerly known as Twitter, by asking the public for leads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We call on any community members who may possess evidence or leads regarding the fire, contact us. 510-383-8600, or email askcjb-DA@acgov.org,” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/AlamedaCountyDA/status/1693763671795843394\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very overdue,” said Margaret Gordon, co-director of the \u003ca href=\"https://woeip.org/\">West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project\u003c/a>. “We should have a joint effort of all these agencies at the table.” She’d like to see more due diligence, and more transparency in an effort to end harms against residents of West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gordon also spoke at a meeting on Saturday with over 50 people, including local residents, environmental groups, and Assemblymember Mia Bonta. The meeting at \u003ca href=\"https://www.oakhella.com/blog/2018/10/20/n49ng0yjhin8puy7z7aoo48cnhb0cp\">Bottoms Up Community Garden\u003c/a> in Oakland brought together locals to discuss air quality concerns in the aftermath of the Schnitzer Steel recycling yard fire.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Pam White, Oakland resident\"]‘They say they’re doing everything they can and there’s still these toxic fires that happen year after year after year.’[/pullquote]“If they can’t clean up, they need to go,” Gordon said. Many in attendance want to see Schnitzer Steel take responsibility, or leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know that people are here to be solution-oriented, but also to make sure that people are accountable, and one of those entities that need to be accountable, I believe, is the state,” said Bonta, who represents the 18th Assembly District that includes Oakland, Alameda and Emeryville. “My job is to make sure that those solutions turn into actions that can lead to accountability when the state is involved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire at Schnitzer Steel — which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.radiusrecycling.com/company/investors/news-release-details/22391\">recently rebranded as Radius Recycling\u003c/a> — broke out on Aug. 9 in a large scrap metal pile that sent thick black plumes with aluminum, tin, steel and iron particles and other toxic air contaminants across the East Bay, as far as Milpitas in the south, before spreading north all the way to Martinez. The blaze lasted four hours and involved more than 20 firefighters, three fire engines and two fireboats, including crews from Oakland, San Francisco and Alameda. But those most immediately affected were West Oakland residents and communities who live in close proximity to the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[They say] they’re doing everything they can and there’s still these toxic fires that happen year after year after year,” said Oakland resident Pam White, who is a member of the climate justice group \u003ca href=\"https://www.1000grandmothers.com/\">1000 Grandmothers for Future Generations\u003c/a>. “That raises questions about whether they should, in fact, be in a residential neighborhood.”[aside tag=\"pollution, schnitzer-steel\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]“Allowing an organized industrial company like that, performing the sort of industrial activities that they have this close and up front to a residential area is completely inappropriate,” said another West Oakland resident, Philip Patrick. “And the fact that our state leaders, federal leaders have allowed something like this to take place is really a travesty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Fire Department spokesperson Mike Hunt said in a statement to KQED late last week that there was as yet no official cause for the fire, although he added “historically, these fires are typically caused by lithium ion batteries that get damaged while in the piles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the Q&A section of Saturday’s meeting, residents asked what is being done to prevent toxic fires. Representatives from Schnitzer Steel said they inspect every load that comes onto the site. They also said an investigation is underway to learn from the most recent fire. “We are looking to enclose the rest of our shredder,” said Tasion Kwamilele, Public Affairs manager for Schnitzer Steel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a statement to KQED on Tuesday, Eric Potashner, chief public affairs and communications officer of Radius Recycling, said: “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Company has fully cooperated and will continue to cooperate with the investigation conducted by the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office regarding the fire on August 9th, in which no injuries were reported. We are grateful for the prompt response of the Oakland Fire Department and other first responders, who swiftly arrived at our recycling facility and brought the situation to a safe conclusion.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Billy Cruz contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>“It was very overdue,” said Margaret Gordon, co-director of the \u003ca href=\"https://woeip.org/\">West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project\u003c/a>. “We should have a joint effort of all these agencies at the table.” She’d like to see more due diligence, and more transparency in an effort to end harms against residents of West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gordon also spoke at a meeting on Saturday with over 50 people, including local residents, environmental groups, and Assemblymember Mia Bonta. The meeting at \u003ca href=\"https://www.oakhella.com/blog/2018/10/20/n49ng0yjhin8puy7z7aoo48cnhb0cp\">Bottoms Up Community Garden\u003c/a> in Oakland brought together locals to discuss air quality concerns in the aftermath of the Schnitzer Steel recycling yard fire.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘They say they’re doing everything they can and there’s still these toxic fires that happen year after year after year.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“If they can’t clean up, they need to go,” Gordon said. Many in attendance want to see Schnitzer Steel take responsibility, or leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know that people are here to be solution-oriented, but also to make sure that people are accountable, and one of those entities that need to be accountable, I believe, is the state,” said Bonta, who represents the 18th Assembly District that includes Oakland, Alameda and Emeryville. “My job is to make sure that those solutions turn into actions that can lead to accountability when the state is involved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire at Schnitzer Steel — which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.radiusrecycling.com/company/investors/news-release-details/22391\">recently rebranded as Radius Recycling\u003c/a> — broke out on Aug. 9 in a large scrap metal pile that sent thick black plumes with aluminum, tin, steel and iron particles and other toxic air contaminants across the East Bay, as far as Milpitas in the south, before spreading north all the way to Martinez. The blaze lasted four hours and involved more than 20 firefighters, three fire engines and two fireboats, including crews from Oakland, San Francisco and Alameda. But those most immediately affected were West Oakland residents and communities who live in close proximity to the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[They say] they’re doing everything they can and there’s still these toxic fires that happen year after year after year,” said Oakland resident Pam White, who is a member of the climate justice group \u003ca href=\"https://www.1000grandmothers.com/\">1000 Grandmothers for Future Generations\u003c/a>. “That raises questions about whether they should, in fact, be in a residential neighborhood.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Allowing an organized industrial company like that, performing the sort of industrial activities that they have this close and up front to a residential area is completely inappropriate,” said another West Oakland resident, Philip Patrick. “And the fact that our state leaders, federal leaders have allowed something like this to take place is really a travesty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Fire Department spokesperson Mike Hunt said in a statement to KQED late last week that there was as yet no official cause for the fire, although he added “historically, these fires are typically caused by lithium ion batteries that get damaged while in the piles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the Q&A section of Saturday’s meeting, residents asked what is being done to prevent toxic fires. Representatives from Schnitzer Steel said they inspect every load that comes onto the site. They also said an investigation is underway to learn from the most recent fire. “We are looking to enclose the rest of our shredder,” said Tasion Kwamilele, Public Affairs manager for Schnitzer Steel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a statement to KQED on Tuesday, Eric Potashner, chief public affairs and communications officer of Radius Recycling, said: “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Company has fully cooperated and will continue to cooperate with the investigation conducted by the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office regarding the fire on August 9th, in which no injuries were reported. We are grateful for the prompt response of the Oakland Fire Department and other first responders, who swiftly arrived at our recycling facility and brought the situation to a safe conclusion.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Billy Cruz contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Hurricane Hilary, Now Post-Tropical Storm, Leaves Southern California Drenched",
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"content": "\u003cp>Tropical Storm Hilary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958562/hurricane-hilary-hits-what-california-and-the-bay-area-can-expect\">drenched Southern California on Sunday from the coast to the desert resort city of Palm Springs\u003c/a>, forcing rescuers to pull several people from swollen rivers, before heading east and flooding a county about 40 miles outside of Las Vegas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Hurricane Center in Miami downgraded Hilary to a post-tropical storm Monday morning, but warned that “continued life-threatening and locally catastrophic flooding” was expected over portions of the southwestern United States, along with “record breaking” rainfall and potential flooding as far north as Oregon and Idaho.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remnants of the storm that first brought soaking rains to Mexico’s arid Baja California peninsula and the border city of Tijuana were expected to linger at least through Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958713\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11958713\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A large freeway cuts through the desert landscape. However, parts of this road are completely blocked off by large quantities of water that remain after heavy rains.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1708\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial image shows no traffic on Interstate 10 due to flooding and mud crossing the highway following heavy rains from Tropical Storm Hilary, in Rancho Mirage, California, on Aug. 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(David Swanson/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/08/19/governor-newsom-proclaims-state-of-emergency-as-hurricane-hilary-approaches-california/\">declared a state of emergency on Saturday for much of Southern California\u003c/a>, a typically dry area, but where residents on Sunday had to battle flooded roads, mudslides and downed trees. Winding roads in the San Bernardino Mountains east of Los Angeles were blocked by mud and debris flows. A stretch of the Interstate 10 freeway near Palm Springs was also shut to traffic due to pooling water from the storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the coast, a stretch of the Pacific Coast Highway in surf-friendly Huntington Beach was also flooded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thank God my family is OK,” Maura Taura said after a three-story-tall tree crashed down on her daughter’s two cars but missed the family’s house in the Sun Valley area of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11958711\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-scaled.jpg\" alt='Several large trees have fallen over in a residential area. One tree has yellow tape that reads \"Caution\" wrapped around it.' width=\"2560\" height=\"1699\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-1536x1019.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-2048x1359.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-1920x1274.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of a tree that fell onto a house on Aug. 21, 2023 in Sierra Madre, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hilary is just the latest major weather or climate disaster to wreak havoc across the U.S., Canada and Mexico. Hawaii’s island of Maui is still reeling from a blaze that killed more than 100 people and ravaged the historic town of Lahaina, making it the deadliest U.S. wildfire in more than a century. Firefighters in Canada are battling that nation’s worst fire season on record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first tropical storm to hit Southern California in 84 years, Hilary first made landfall in Baja California on Sunday in a sparsely populated area about 150 miles south of Ensenada. One person drowned. It then moved through mudslide-prone Tijuana, threatening the improvised homes that cling to hillsides just south of the U.S. border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilary dropped more than half an average year’s worth of rain on some areas, including Palm Springs, which saw more than 3 inches of rain by Sunday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters warned of dangerous flash floods across Los Angeles and Ventura counties, and fire officials rescued 13 people from knee-deep water in a homeless encampment along the rising San Diego River. Meanwhile, rain and debris washed out some roadways and people left their cars stranded in standing water. Crews pumped floodwaters out of the emergency room at Eisenhower Medical Center in Rancho Mirage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSSanDiego/status/1693562308709261731\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday was the wettest day on record in San Diego, with 1.82 inches, the NWS said in a post on X, the social media site formerly known as Twitter. The previous record was on Aug. 17, 1977, when 1.8 inches of rain fell in the area following Hurricane Doreen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We basically blew all of our previous rainfall records out of the water,” Elizabeth Adams, a National Weather Service meteorologist in San Diego, told The Associated Press. In Palm Springs, the inundation on Sunday — of 3.18 inches — shattered the daily record of 0.21 inches set in 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center of Hilary passed over downtown Los Angeles at 7 p.m. Sunday, according to the regional weather office, which called it “a day for the ages” in Southern California.[aside label='Stay Prepared With KQED Guides' tag='audience-news']Despite the deluge, Los Angeles Fire Chief Kristin Crowley said no significant injuries or damages were reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles City Council President Paul Krekorian told a news conference that the city “was tested but we came through it, and we came through it with minimal impacts considering what we endured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Unified School District, the nation’s second largest school system, said all campuses were closed Monday. San Diego schools postponed the first day of classes of the school year from Monday to Tuesday. For LAUSD students, grab-and-go sites were set up to provide meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Palm Springs Police Department said in a statement Sunday that 911 lines were down and that in the event of an emergency, residents should text 911 or reach out to the nearest police or fire station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tropical storm last roared into California in September 1939, ripping apart train tracks, tearing houses from their foundations and capsizing many boats. Nearly 100 people were killed on land and at sea.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"LA City Council President Paul Krekorian\"]‘Los Angeles was tested but we came through it, and we came through it with minimal impacts considering what we endured.’[/pullquote]As skies were clearing Monday in the state, the National Weather Service warned of flooding underway in the Mount Charleston area of Clark County, Nevada, about 40 miles west of Las Vegas. Forecasters said the threat for flooding in states farther north on Monday was highest across much of southeastern Oregon into the west-central mountains of Idaho.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Caribbean, meanwhile, Tropical Storm Franklin churned on Monday near Haiti and the Dominican Republic, where authorities warned residents to prepare for floods and landslides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters at the National Hurricane Center are also watching weather developments in the Gulf of Mexico that now has an 80% chance of developing into a tropical disturbance or tropical storm before reaching the western Gulf coastline on Tuesday. Forecasters urged people along the coast in northern Mexico and Texas to monitor the system, adding that tropical storm watches or warnings may be issued later Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tropical Storm Hilary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958562/hurricane-hilary-hits-what-california-and-the-bay-area-can-expect\">drenched Southern California on Sunday from the coast to the desert resort city of Palm Springs\u003c/a>, forcing rescuers to pull several people from swollen rivers, before heading east and flooding a county about 40 miles outside of Las Vegas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Hurricane Center in Miami downgraded Hilary to a post-tropical storm Monday morning, but warned that “continued life-threatening and locally catastrophic flooding” was expected over portions of the southwestern United States, along with “record breaking” rainfall and potential flooding as far north as Oregon and Idaho.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remnants of the storm that first brought soaking rains to Mexico’s arid Baja California peninsula and the border city of Tijuana were expected to linger at least through Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958713\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11958713\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A large freeway cuts through the desert landscape. However, parts of this road are completely blocked off by large quantities of water that remain after heavy rains.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1708\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1614147590-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial image shows no traffic on Interstate 10 due to flooding and mud crossing the highway following heavy rains from Tropical Storm Hilary, in Rancho Mirage, California, on Aug. 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(David Swanson/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/08/19/governor-newsom-proclaims-state-of-emergency-as-hurricane-hilary-approaches-california/\">declared a state of emergency on Saturday for much of Southern California\u003c/a>, a typically dry area, but where residents on Sunday had to battle flooded roads, mudslides and downed trees. Winding roads in the San Bernardino Mountains east of Los Angeles were blocked by mud and debris flows. A stretch of the Interstate 10 freeway near Palm Springs was also shut to traffic due to pooling water from the storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the coast, a stretch of the Pacific Coast Highway in surf-friendly Huntington Beach was also flooded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thank God my family is OK,” Maura Taura said after a three-story-tall tree crashed down on her daughter’s two cars but missed the family’s house in the Sun Valley area of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11958711\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-scaled.jpg\" alt='Several large trees have fallen over in a residential area. One tree has yellow tape that reads \"Caution\" wrapped around it.' width=\"2560\" height=\"1699\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-1536x1019.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-2048x1359.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/GettyImages-1629829257-1920x1274.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of a tree that fell onto a house on Aug. 21, 2023 in Sierra Madre, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hilary is just the latest major weather or climate disaster to wreak havoc across the U.S., Canada and Mexico. Hawaii’s island of Maui is still reeling from a blaze that killed more than 100 people and ravaged the historic town of Lahaina, making it the deadliest U.S. wildfire in more than a century. Firefighters in Canada are battling that nation’s worst fire season on record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first tropical storm to hit Southern California in 84 years, Hilary first made landfall in Baja California on Sunday in a sparsely populated area about 150 miles south of Ensenada. One person drowned. It then moved through mudslide-prone Tijuana, threatening the improvised homes that cling to hillsides just south of the U.S. border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilary dropped more than half an average year’s worth of rain on some areas, including Palm Springs, which saw more than 3 inches of rain by Sunday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters warned of dangerous flash floods across Los Angeles and Ventura counties, and fire officials rescued 13 people from knee-deep water in a homeless encampment along the rising San Diego River. Meanwhile, rain and debris washed out some roadways and people left their cars stranded in standing water. Crews pumped floodwaters out of the emergency room at Eisenhower Medical Center in Rancho Mirage.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Sunday was the wettest day on record in San Diego, with 1.82 inches, the NWS said in a post on X, the social media site formerly known as Twitter. The previous record was on Aug. 17, 1977, when 1.8 inches of rain fell in the area following Hurricane Doreen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We basically blew all of our previous rainfall records out of the water,” Elizabeth Adams, a National Weather Service meteorologist in San Diego, told The Associated Press. In Palm Springs, the inundation on Sunday — of 3.18 inches — shattered the daily record of 0.21 inches set in 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center of Hilary passed over downtown Los Angeles at 7 p.m. Sunday, according to the regional weather office, which called it “a day for the ages” in Southern California.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Despite the deluge, Los Angeles Fire Chief Kristin Crowley said no significant injuries or damages were reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles City Council President Paul Krekorian told a news conference that the city “was tested but we came through it, and we came through it with minimal impacts considering what we endured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Unified School District, the nation’s second largest school system, said all campuses were closed Monday. San Diego schools postponed the first day of classes of the school year from Monday to Tuesday. For LAUSD students, grab-and-go sites were set up to provide meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Palm Springs Police Department said in a statement Sunday that 911 lines were down and that in the event of an emergency, residents should text 911 or reach out to the nearest police or fire station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tropical storm last roared into California in September 1939, ripping apart train tracks, tearing houses from their foundations and capsizing many boats. Nearly 100 people were killed on land and at sea.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As skies were clearing Monday in the state, the National Weather Service warned of flooding underway in the Mount Charleston area of Clark County, Nevada, about 40 miles west of Las Vegas. Forecasters said the threat for flooding in states farther north on Monday was highest across much of southeastern Oregon into the west-central mountains of Idaho.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Caribbean, meanwhile, Tropical Storm Franklin churned on Monday near Haiti and the Dominican Republic, where authorities warned residents to prepare for floods and landslides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters at the National Hurricane Center are also watching weather developments in the Gulf of Mexico that now has an 80% chance of developing into a tropical disturbance or tropical storm before reaching the western Gulf coastline on Tuesday. Forecasters urged people along the coast in northern Mexico and Texas to monitor the system, adding that tropical storm watches or warnings may be issued later Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Biden administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/environmental-justice\">environmental justice\u003c/a> office is investigating whether California’s water agency has discriminated against Native Americans and other people of color by failing to protect the water quality of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco-bay\">San Francisco Bay\u003c/a> and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Gary Mulcahy, government liaison, Winnemem Wintu Tribe\"]‘It’s pretty bad when California Indians have to file a complaint with the Federal Government so that the State doesn’t violate our civil rights.’[/pullquote] The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s investigation was triggered by a complaint filed by tribes and environmental justice organizations that says the state Water Resources Control Board for over a decade “has failed to uphold its statutory duty” to review and update water quality standards in the Bay-Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s pretty bad when California Indians have to file a complaint with the Federal Government so that the State doesn’t violate our civil rights,” Gary Mulcahy, government liaison for the Winnemem Wintu Tribe, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state water agency has allowed “waterways to descend into ecological crisis, with the resulting environmental burdens falling most heavily on Native tribes and other communities of color,” the complaint says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The groups also said the agency “has intentionally excluded local Native Tribes and Black, Asian and Latino residents from participation in the policymaking process associated with the Bay-Delta Plan,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.restorethedelta.org/wp-content/uploads/2023.08.08-REC_Acceptance_01RNO-23-R9.pdf\">according to an EPA letter to the state dated Tuesday (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackie Carpenter, a spokesperson for the water board, said the agency will cooperate fully and “believes U.S. EPA will ultimately conclude the board has acted appropriately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The State Water Board deeply values its partnership with tribes to protect and preserve California’s water resources. The board’s highest water quality planning priority has been restoring native fish species in the Delta watershed that many tribes rely upon,” Carpenter said in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The watershed is the heart of California’s water supply: Covering \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drought/delta/#:~:text=The%20Delta%20watershed%20comprises%20approximately,millions%20of%20acres%20of%20farmland.\">about 20% of California\u003c/a>, it includes the Sacramento and San Joaquin river systems and is a vital water source for 27 million Californians and 750,000 acres of farmland.[aside postID=news_11957413 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-1020x680.jpg']The Bay-Delta is \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/bay_delta/docs/sed/sac_delta_framework_070618%20.pdf\">experiencing an “ecological crisis,” (PDF)\u003c/a> state water regulators have said, including a “prolonged and precipitous decline in numerous native species,” such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/endangered-species-conservation/sacramento-river-winter-run-chinook-salmon\">endangered winter-run Chinook salmon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Fishes/Delta-Smelt\">the tiny Delta smelt\u003c/a>. Intensifying water development, diversions and dwindling freshwater flows have exacerbated the crisis. And the relentless \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/california-water-science-center/science/emergency-drought-barriers-impacts-cyanohabs-and\">push of salt water into the Delta and blossoming harmful algal blooms\u003c/a> have left \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/06/california-water-delta-tunnel/\">farmers and residents desperate for solutions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Healthy waterways and fisheries are critical to the culture and diet of the Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians and Winnemem Wintu Tribe. Harmful algal blooms, low flows and water contamination also prevent people of color in South Stockton and other communities from using waterways in their neighborhoods for recreation or subsistence fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s decision to investigate comes as water board scientists prepare a staff report on updating the Bay-Delta’s water quality plan. Carpenter said the report will evaluate certain tribal beneficial uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the possible approaches considered in the updated plan will be \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/Newsroom/Page-Content/News-List/Agreement-with-Local-Water-Suppliers-to-Improve-the-Health-of-Rivers-and-Landscapes\">a $2.6 billion\u003c/a> deal that Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/NewsRoom/Voluntary-Agreement-Package-March-29-2022.pdf?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery\">struck last March with major water suppliers and agricultural irrigation districts (PDF)\u003c/a>, which voluntarily agreed to address flows and habitats in the Delta.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dillon Delvo, executive director, Little Manila Rising\"]‘As long as the state upholds historic water rights, that we all know to be racist and unfair, we will continue to have first- and second-class California communities.’[/pullquote]Tribes and environmental organizations said the deal came from backroom negotiations between water suppliers and officials that excluded people of color, and that it “fails to protect the health of the estuary, its native fish and wildlife, and the jobs and communities that depend on its health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint mentions Newsom’s voluntary agreements 52 times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>As long as the state upholds historic water rights, that we all know to be racist and unfair, we will continue to have first- and second-class California communities,” Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, an organization based in Stockton, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA said in its letter that while an investigation “is not a decision on the merits,” the complaint meets the requirements for initiating its probe, including that “it alleges discriminatory acts by the Board which is a recipient of EPA financial assistance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s water board will have 30 days to respond, and the EPA will issue its findings within the next six months unless both sides agree to resolve the issue informally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackie Carpenter, a spokesperson for the water board, said the agency will cooperate fully and “believes U.S. EPA will ultimately conclude the board has acted appropriately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The State Water Board deeply values its partnership with tribes to protect and preserve California’s water resources. The board’s highest water quality planning priority has been restoring native fish species in the Delta watershed that many tribes rely upon,” Carpenter said in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The watershed is the heart of California’s water supply: Covering \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drought/delta/#:~:text=The%20Delta%20watershed%20comprises%20approximately,millions%20of%20acres%20of%20farmland.\">about 20% of California\u003c/a>, it includes the Sacramento and San Joaquin river systems and is a vital water source for 27 million Californians and 750,000 acres of farmland.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Bay-Delta is \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/bay_delta/docs/sed/sac_delta_framework_070618%20.pdf\">experiencing an “ecological crisis,” (PDF)\u003c/a> state water regulators have said, including a “prolonged and precipitous decline in numerous native species,” such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/endangered-species-conservation/sacramento-river-winter-run-chinook-salmon\">endangered winter-run Chinook salmon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Fishes/Delta-Smelt\">the tiny Delta smelt\u003c/a>. Intensifying water development, diversions and dwindling freshwater flows have exacerbated the crisis. And the relentless \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/california-water-science-center/science/emergency-drought-barriers-impacts-cyanohabs-and\">push of salt water into the Delta and blossoming harmful algal blooms\u003c/a> have left \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/06/california-water-delta-tunnel/\">farmers and residents desperate for solutions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Healthy waterways and fisheries are critical to the culture and diet of the Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians and Winnemem Wintu Tribe. Harmful algal blooms, low flows and water contamination also prevent people of color in South Stockton and other communities from using waterways in their neighborhoods for recreation or subsistence fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s decision to investigate comes as water board scientists prepare a staff report on updating the Bay-Delta’s water quality plan. Carpenter said the report will evaluate certain tribal beneficial uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the possible approaches considered in the updated plan will be \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/Newsroom/Page-Content/News-List/Agreement-with-Local-Water-Suppliers-to-Improve-the-Health-of-Rivers-and-Landscapes\">a $2.6 billion\u003c/a> deal that Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/NewsRoom/Voluntary-Agreement-Package-March-29-2022.pdf?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery\">struck last March with major water suppliers and agricultural irrigation districts (PDF)\u003c/a>, which voluntarily agreed to address flows and habitats in the Delta.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Tribes and environmental organizations said the deal came from backroom negotiations between water suppliers and officials that excluded people of color, and that it “fails to protect the health of the estuary, its native fish and wildlife, and the jobs and communities that depend on its health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint mentions Newsom’s voluntary agreements 52 times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>As long as the state upholds historic water rights, that we all know to be racist and unfair, we will continue to have first- and second-class California communities,” Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, an organization based in Stockton, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA said in its letter that while an investigation “is not a decision on the merits,” the complaint meets the requirements for initiating its probe, including that “it alleges discriminatory acts by the Board which is a recipient of EPA financial assistance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s water board will have 30 days to respond, and the EPA will issue its findings within the next six months unless both sides agree to resolve the issue informally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A large fire that broke out at the Schnitzer Steel recycling yard in West Oakland around 5:30 p.m. on Wednesday sent huge plumes of stinky smoke across the East Bay and has prompted ongoing concerns about potential air quality risks from the burning aluminum, tin, steel and iron that were present in the large scrap metal pile where officials said the fire began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With fires like this, the material that’s burning, the smoke contains more things in the particulate matter. It also likely has other toxic air contaminants, including metals and volatile organic compounds,” said Michael Flagg, principal air quality specialist, Bay Area Air Quality Management District. “So it is really important to pay attention to what’s going on, if you see smoke or smell smoke, take efforts to reduce your exposure.”[aside postID=science_1930023,science_1976747,science_1969271 label='Understanding Air Quality']Thursday morning the BAAQMD released \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/compliance-and-enforcement/incident-reports/2023/incidentreport_schnitzersteel_081023-pdf.pdf?la=en&rev=a8df9411b6b44703a050860dd7ac5678\">an incident report (PDF)\u003c/a> stating that the “large dense gray smoke plume” traveled south and east during the night, reaching as far as Milpitas, but had then shifted and pushed north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Fire Department officials reported that it took nearly four hours to get the fire fully under control Wednesday night. But as of Thursday morning, it still had not been completely extinguished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most impacted areas were immediately downwind of the fire. So that was East Oakland, West Oakland and other areas along the I-80 corridor, which are historically overburdened communities that kind of experience a disproportionate impact and exposure to poor air pollution already,” said Flagg. He said smoke reached Moraga, Dublin and San Ramon, but then with a shift in wind it moved north all the way up to Martinez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents near the Port of Oakland were originally advised on Wednesday to avoid the area around Jack London Square and to keep windows closed. By Thursday, impacts were expected to lessen but continue in parts of Alameda and Contra Costa counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you smell smoke, or you know that there’s high concentrations, our recommendation is to reduce your exposure, to stay inside, close your windows, air filtration, things like that, but mostly just to monitor the situation closely and pay attention to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AirDistrict\">district advisories\u003c/a>,” said Flagg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, while the air district issued an advisory, it is not forecasting an exceedance of the national air quality health standards and is not issuing a more severe Spare the Air Alert. You can see the most recent air quality data at \u003ca href=\"https://fire.airnow.gov/\">fire.airnow.gov\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Air District staff will continue to investigate this incident to determine if there were any violations of air quality regulations,” the advisory statement said. The Oakland Fire Department also \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/2023/update-on-fire-incident-at-schnitzer-steel-radius-recycling\">said\u003c/a> their hazardous materials team and EPA representatives were on the site Wednesday night to administer tests and evaluate the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schnitzer Steel — \u003ca href=\"https://www.radiusrecycling.com/company/investors/news-release-details/22391\">which recently rebranded itself as Radius Recycling\u003c/a> — is a large scrap metal processing plant near the Port of Oakland that shreds cars and other large appliances. The fire started in a scrap metal pile. The cause is currently under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An initial response from fire crews contained the fire to a single debris pile, but it continued to grow rapidly, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/OaklandFireCA/status/1689500888061382656\">according to Oakland Fire Chief Damon Covington\u003c/a>. Ultimately it required three engines, two fireboats from San Francisco and Alameda, and over 20 firefighters to get the fire under control. There were no injuries reported. However, because of the size of the debris pile, firefighters were unable to reach the origin of the fire and relied on Schnitzer cranes to pull apart the large debris pile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Until we can get all the way into the pile and put the fire out, we’re going to be out here for awhile,” Covington said late Wednesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/OaklandFireCA/status/1689500888061382656\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/2023/update-on-fire-incident-at-schnitzer-steel-radius-recycling\">update\u003c/a> from Oakland Fire Department on Thursday said there was still a large amount of debris to untangle and crews continue to spray water on the pile to prevent any small fires that ignite from spreading. It is not uncommon for these kinds of large debris fires to smolder for some time, said officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company is grateful for the first responders who brought this situation to a safe conclusion,” said Tasion Kwamilele, public affairs manager for Schnitzer Steel/Radius Recycling.[aside postID=news_11832073 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/Schnitzer_Steel-1020x744.jpg']This \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/schnitzer-steel-environmental-violations-oakland-scrap-yard-fire/\">isn’t the first time\u003c/a> the Schnitzer Steel recycling yard has caught fire. There were previous large fires in 2018, 2010 and 2009. In 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11832073/as-file-suit-against-state-agency-to-regulate-steel-recycler\">the Oakland A’s also sued\u003c/a> to have the waste materials created by the plant reclassified as hazardous. At the time, the A’s suit said there had been five smaller fires since 2018. (The A’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/State-Supreme-Court-rejects-Oakland-A-s-legal-17726660.php\">lost the suit\u003c/a> earlier this year on appeal to the California Supreme Court.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2021, Schnitzer also \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-becerra-announces-41-million-settlement-schnitzer-steel\">paid $4.1 million\u003c/a> as part of a settlement over “the release of toxic air contaminants and hazardous particulates” in West Oakland and across the Oakland estuary. The settlement with the state Department of Justice, at the time, reported that investigations by the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office and the California Department of Toxic Substances Control found that Schnitzer was releasing particulate matter contaminated with hazardous metals — such as lead, cadmium and zinc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay City News and KQED’s Giuliana Salomone contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "'With fires like this ... the smoke contains more things in the particulate matter. It also likely has other toxic air contaminants,' said an air district official.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A large fire that broke out at the Schnitzer Steel recycling yard in West Oakland around 5:30 p.m. on Wednesday sent huge plumes of stinky smoke across the East Bay and has prompted ongoing concerns about potential air quality risks from the burning aluminum, tin, steel and iron that were present in the large scrap metal pile where officials said the fire began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With fires like this, the material that’s burning, the smoke contains more things in the particulate matter. It also likely has other toxic air contaminants, including metals and volatile organic compounds,” said Michael Flagg, principal air quality specialist, Bay Area Air Quality Management District. “So it is really important to pay attention to what’s going on, if you see smoke or smell smoke, take efforts to reduce your exposure.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Thursday morning the BAAQMD released \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/compliance-and-enforcement/incident-reports/2023/incidentreport_schnitzersteel_081023-pdf.pdf?la=en&rev=a8df9411b6b44703a050860dd7ac5678\">an incident report (PDF)\u003c/a> stating that the “large dense gray smoke plume” traveled south and east during the night, reaching as far as Milpitas, but had then shifted and pushed north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Fire Department officials reported that it took nearly four hours to get the fire fully under control Wednesday night. But as of Thursday morning, it still had not been completely extinguished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most impacted areas were immediately downwind of the fire. So that was East Oakland, West Oakland and other areas along the I-80 corridor, which are historically overburdened communities that kind of experience a disproportionate impact and exposure to poor air pollution already,” said Flagg. He said smoke reached Moraga, Dublin and San Ramon, but then with a shift in wind it moved north all the way up to Martinez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents near the Port of Oakland were originally advised on Wednesday to avoid the area around Jack London Square and to keep windows closed. By Thursday, impacts were expected to lessen but continue in parts of Alameda and Contra Costa counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you smell smoke, or you know that there’s high concentrations, our recommendation is to reduce your exposure, to stay inside, close your windows, air filtration, things like that, but mostly just to monitor the situation closely and pay attention to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AirDistrict\">district advisories\u003c/a>,” said Flagg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, while the air district issued an advisory, it is not forecasting an exceedance of the national air quality health standards and is not issuing a more severe Spare the Air Alert. You can see the most recent air quality data at \u003ca href=\"https://fire.airnow.gov/\">fire.airnow.gov\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Air District staff will continue to investigate this incident to determine if there were any violations of air quality regulations,” the advisory statement said. The Oakland Fire Department also \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/2023/update-on-fire-incident-at-schnitzer-steel-radius-recycling\">said\u003c/a> their hazardous materials team and EPA representatives were on the site Wednesday night to administer tests and evaluate the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schnitzer Steel — \u003ca href=\"https://www.radiusrecycling.com/company/investors/news-release-details/22391\">which recently rebranded itself as Radius Recycling\u003c/a> — is a large scrap metal processing plant near the Port of Oakland that shreds cars and other large appliances. The fire started in a scrap metal pile. The cause is currently under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An initial response from fire crews contained the fire to a single debris pile, but it continued to grow rapidly, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/OaklandFireCA/status/1689500888061382656\">according to Oakland Fire Chief Damon Covington\u003c/a>. Ultimately it required three engines, two fireboats from San Francisco and Alameda, and over 20 firefighters to get the fire under control. There were no injuries reported. However, because of the size of the debris pile, firefighters were unable to reach the origin of the fire and relied on Schnitzer cranes to pull apart the large debris pile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Until we can get all the way into the pile and put the fire out, we’re going to be out here for awhile,” Covington said late Wednesday night.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/2023/update-on-fire-incident-at-schnitzer-steel-radius-recycling\">update\u003c/a> from Oakland Fire Department on Thursday said there was still a large amount of debris to untangle and crews continue to spray water on the pile to prevent any small fires that ignite from spreading. It is not uncommon for these kinds of large debris fires to smolder for some time, said officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company is grateful for the first responders who brought this situation to a safe conclusion,” said Tasion Kwamilele, public affairs manager for Schnitzer Steel/Radius Recycling.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/schnitzer-steel-environmental-violations-oakland-scrap-yard-fire/\">isn’t the first time\u003c/a> the Schnitzer Steel recycling yard has caught fire. There were previous large fires in 2018, 2010 and 2009. In 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11832073/as-file-suit-against-state-agency-to-regulate-steel-recycler\">the Oakland A’s also sued\u003c/a> to have the waste materials created by the plant reclassified as hazardous. At the time, the A’s suit said there had been five smaller fires since 2018. (The A’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/State-Supreme-Court-rejects-Oakland-A-s-legal-17726660.php\">lost the suit\u003c/a> earlier this year on appeal to the California Supreme Court.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2021, Schnitzer also \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-becerra-announces-41-million-settlement-schnitzer-steel\">paid $4.1 million\u003c/a> as part of a settlement over “the release of toxic air contaminants and hazardous particulates” in West Oakland and across the Oakland estuary. The settlement with the state Department of Justice, at the time, reported that investigations by the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office and the California Department of Toxic Substances Control found that Schnitzer was releasing particulate matter contaminated with hazardous metals — such as lead, cadmium and zinc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay City News and KQED’s Giuliana Salomone contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "In 2024, California Voters May Be Asked Twice About Oil Wells Near Homes",
"headTitle": "In 2024, California Voters May Be Asked Twice About Oil Wells Near Homes | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>California voters may be asked twice on the same November 2024 ballot whether to keep or to ditch a law mandating new oil wells be a certain distance away from homes, schools and parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, state lawmakers have been debating whether to reform the referendum process that makes overturning a law possible, as it has been leveraged by powerful industries to invalidate laws that are unfavorable to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, lawmakers approved so-called buffer zones around oil wells, which dot communities around Los Angeles and the state’s Central Valley, as part of a package of bills aimed at tackling climate change and pollution. The oil industry quickly moved to undo the law by gaining a spot on the 2024 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Wednesday environmental advocates put forward their own proposed ballot measure aimed at getting voters to require buffer zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People who live next to oil wells get very, very sick. Californians who live next to this stuff, they have headaches, nosebleeds, nausea,” said Kassie Siegel, director of the nonprofit Center for Biological Diversity’s Climate Law Institute. “You do not want the oil company moving in next door.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The possibility of dueling ballot measures on new oil wells also showcases the growing political tension around California’s approach to dealing with climate change, with Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration increasingly passing laws aimed at shrinking the oil and gas industry. Two measures on the same ballot could confuse voters, threatening both sides’ chances of success.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kassie Siegel, director, Center for Biological Diversity’s Climate Law Institute\"]‘People who live next to oil wells get very, very sick. Californians who live next to this stuff, they have headaches, nosebleeds, nausea.’[/pullquote]Outside California, nearly half of U.S. states have a process allowing voters to reject policies that state legislators have passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental justice groups have made multiple attempts over the years to establish a minimum distance between oil and gas wells near places like homes and schools. Newsom signed the law last year that banned new gas and oil wells within 3,200 feet of sensitive areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawyer for the California Independent Petroleum Association quickly filed for the referendum to ask voters to overturn the law, and the group \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/los-angeles-gavin-newsom-california-business-climate-and-environment-f4bb3c242252ebf0a0c8cf5c3f55f637\">collected enough signatures\u003c/a> earlier this year to put it on the ballot. Rock Zierman, the group’s CEO, said keeping the law would burden oil companies in California at a time when they already have to follow what he called some of the strictest environmental and labor laws in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature is weighing whether to change the referendum process, so Californians don’t get confused about whether they’re voting to uphold or to overturn a law. The legislation would have voters decide to either “keep the law” or to “overturn the law.” That would mean a departure from a “yes” vote to keep the law or a “no” vote to overturn it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry’s tactics to collect the 623,000 signatures needed to get their favored measure on the ballot has \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-oakland-climate-and-environment-b82cbdbb89b89890ccf24227c0493c15\">come under fire\u003c/a>. The California Secretary of State’s office said last year it was investigating complaints alleging signature gatherers were spreading misinformation about the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the decades, Californians have been asked to vote more than once on the same issue, on measures about car insurance rates and campaign financing, among other hot-button topics.[aside label='More on Environmental News' tag='environment'] Ballot measures in California typically need support from more than 50% of the vote to pass. If there are two conflicting measures that meet that threshold, the one that got the most votes would prevail, said Bob Stern, former president of the nonprofit Center for Governmental Studies. But Stern said he’s never heard of a referendum and a competing measure appearing on the same ballot in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When there are a lot of measures on the ballot, voters tend to vote no,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters also tend to vote “no” if they are confused about a referendum or initiative, Stern said. That can be a good thing for proponents of a referendum who want to garner enough “no” votes to overturn a law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates who want to keep the buffer zone law say it aligns with the state’s broader climate goals and will help protect residents from pollution-related health risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Young, a political director with California Environmental Voters, said the law should have been passed a long time ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked, “What does that say about us that we’re not willing to protect our most vulnerable communities?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California voters may be asked twice on the same November 2024 ballot whether to keep or to ditch a law mandating new oil wells be a certain distance away from homes, schools and parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, state lawmakers have been debating whether to reform the referendum process that makes overturning a law possible, as it has been leveraged by powerful industries to invalidate laws that are unfavorable to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, lawmakers approved so-called buffer zones around oil wells, which dot communities around Los Angeles and the state’s Central Valley, as part of a package of bills aimed at tackling climate change and pollution. The oil industry quickly moved to undo the law by gaining a spot on the 2024 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Wednesday environmental advocates put forward their own proposed ballot measure aimed at getting voters to require buffer zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People who live next to oil wells get very, very sick. Californians who live next to this stuff, they have headaches, nosebleeds, nausea,” said Kassie Siegel, director of the nonprofit Center for Biological Diversity’s Climate Law Institute. “You do not want the oil company moving in next door.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The possibility of dueling ballot measures on new oil wells also showcases the growing political tension around California’s approach to dealing with climate change, with Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration increasingly passing laws aimed at shrinking the oil and gas industry. Two measures on the same ballot could confuse voters, threatening both sides’ chances of success.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Outside California, nearly half of U.S. states have a process allowing voters to reject policies that state legislators have passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental justice groups have made multiple attempts over the years to establish a minimum distance between oil and gas wells near places like homes and schools. Newsom signed the law last year that banned new gas and oil wells within 3,200 feet of sensitive areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawyer for the California Independent Petroleum Association quickly filed for the referendum to ask voters to overturn the law, and the group \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/los-angeles-gavin-newsom-california-business-climate-and-environment-f4bb3c242252ebf0a0c8cf5c3f55f637\">collected enough signatures\u003c/a> earlier this year to put it on the ballot. Rock Zierman, the group’s CEO, said keeping the law would burden oil companies in California at a time when they already have to follow what he called some of the strictest environmental and labor laws in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature is weighing whether to change the referendum process, so Californians don’t get confused about whether they’re voting to uphold or to overturn a law. The legislation would have voters decide to either “keep the law” or to “overturn the law.” That would mean a departure from a “yes” vote to keep the law or a “no” vote to overturn it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry’s tactics to collect the 623,000 signatures needed to get their favored measure on the ballot has \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-oakland-climate-and-environment-b82cbdbb89b89890ccf24227c0493c15\">come under fire\u003c/a>. The California Secretary of State’s office said last year it was investigating complaints alleging signature gatherers were spreading misinformation about the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the decades, Californians have been asked to vote more than once on the same issue, on measures about car insurance rates and campaign financing, among other hot-button topics.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Ballot measures in California typically need support from more than 50% of the vote to pass. If there are two conflicting measures that meet that threshold, the one that got the most votes would prevail, said Bob Stern, former president of the nonprofit Center for Governmental Studies. But Stern said he’s never heard of a referendum and a competing measure appearing on the same ballot in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When there are a lot of measures on the ballot, voters tend to vote no,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters also tend to vote “no” if they are confused about a referendum or initiative, Stern said. That can be a good thing for proponents of a referendum who want to garner enough “no” votes to overturn a law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates who want to keep the buffer zone law say it aligns with the state’s broader climate goals and will help protect residents from pollution-related health risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Young, a political director with California Environmental Voters, said the law should have been passed a long time ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked, “What does that say about us that we’re not willing to protect our most vulnerable communities?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-needs-renewable-energy-could-we-harness-the-power-of-the-ocean",
"title": "California Needs Renewable Energy. Could We Harness the Power of the Ocean?",
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"headTitle": "California Needs Renewable Energy. Could We Harness the Power of the Ocean? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waves have been on the mind of Alex Kwok, a Bay Curious listener who grew up in Fremont. When it comes to green energy, he’s seen a lot of solar and wind energy projects here in California. But he says the ocean seems particularly promising because of its consistency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ocean is always there. The tides are always going in and out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That made Kwok wonder: “Why is there no talk about tidal power? Are there no companies testing any kind of tidal power technology here?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The grand idea makes some waves\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Turns out, there has been talk of tapping into tidal and wave energy among San Franciscans for more than a century. In 1868, there was even a failed attempt at \u003ca href=\"https://www.outsidelands.org/wave-tidal.php\">creating a wave-powered boat\u003c/a> that was covered by \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for the kind of ocean energy Alex is asking about, let’s look back to the early 2000s, when San Francisco city leaders\u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna3339905\"> had a grand idea\u003c/a>. Following what they’d seen done elsewhere, they thought a device, like a windmill, could be placed under the Golden Gate Bridge, its blades turned by the water to generate power. Then-Mayor Gavin Newsom boasted about this when he was running for governor in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about the mouth of the Golden Gate, the Bay, it’s relatively small, you’ve got this great energy that comes in and out, 24/7, all of that energy being wasted!” he said at the time. “You’ve got the opportunity to do what’s been done in other countries, and that’s harness that energy flow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957196\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11957196\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-800x531.jpg\" alt=\"Two people jog along a cement walkway that borders San Francisco Bay on a stormy day. Large waves are crashing over the edge of the walkway. The Golden Gate Bridge is visible in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-1536x1019.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two runners watch as waves crash against the rocks at Fort Point near the Golden Gate Bridge Dec. 28, 2005 in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But there were some problems. The San Francisco Environment Department had looked into a tidal project for the Bay in 2008, but a technical consultant determined the project was not commercially feasible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Tidal power is a peaky resource — only generating during high tides. The consultant also found tidal power to be very expensive — especially as compared to other types of renewable energy,” the San Francisco Environment Department wrote to KQED. “To make in-stream tidal power feasible, the cost of technology and its installation must decline significantly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study paid for by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission found that the turbines would cost as much as $15 million each, and $750,000 a year to maintain. They could be less productive than promised, and there were also environmental concerns. Even Newsom was clued into those.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have plankton coming in, seals and sea lions … who knows what else, getting sucked up and consumed,” Newsom said. “We’re working on all those issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, salt is tough stuff, and creating devices meant to last underwater is really hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project was dead in the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The tides begin to turn\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Technology wasn’t ready, but the planning really was,” said Daniel M. Kammen, a professor of energy at UC Berkeley. He also serves in the Biden-Harris Administration as the senior advisor for energy innovation at the United States Agency for International Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kammen said the focus on clean energy for the past two decades has been on solar and wind, but now technology for the ocean is catching up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is aiming to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/10/646373423/california-sets-goal-of-100-percent-renewable-electric-power-by-2045\">powered 100% by clean energy by 2045\u003c/a>, but there’s still a long way to go. The state was at 37% in 2021, mainly coming from wind and solar. Tapping into ocean energy could help chip away at the difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not going to be a massive part of our energy. But it might be a really well-tailored technology to places that are already thinking about clean energy and have a port, a dock, and a whole variety of water hardware already,” Kammen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ocean energy overall is \u003ca href=\"https://unfccc.int/blog/wave-of-the-future\">more predictable and reliable than wind\u003c/a>. Water is roughly \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148123009771\">830 times denser than air,\u003c/a> and moving water packs colossal energy. And about half of the world’s population lives within 124 miles of a coastline, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.prb.org/resources/ripple-effects-population-and-coastal-regions/#:~:text=Today%2C%20approximately%203%20billion%20people,200%20kilometers%20of%20a%20coastline.\">Population Reference Bureau\u003c/a>. Now, wave energy and tidal energy are different, though both have some upsides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_tides/tides05_lunarday.html#:~:text=Since%20the%20Earth%20rotates%20through,24%20hours%20and%2050%20minutes.\">Tides\u003c/a> are a twice-a-day cycle, driven by the rise and fall of the sea \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_tides/tides02_cause.html\">caused by the gravitational attraction\u003c/a> of the sun and moon on the oceans of the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/waves.html\">Waves\u003c/a> are caused by energy passing through the water, which causes the water to move in a circular motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kammen and others advocating for this industry are optimistic because of new innovations that aim to reduce costs, and increasing government support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Energy is \u003ca href=\"https://today.oregonstate.edu/news/dept-energy-awards-25-million-wave-energy-technology-testing-oregon-state-facility#:~:text=Dept.-,of%20Energy%20awards%20%2425%20million%20for%20wave,testing%20at%20Oregon%20State%20facility&text=CORVALLIS%2C%20Ore.,central%20Oregon%20coast%20near%20Newport.\">allocating $25 million\u003c/a> to help support a new wave-energy testing site located a few miles from the deepwater port of Newport, Oregon. The Biden Administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Ocean-Climate-Action-Plan_Final.pdf\">set a goal (PDF)\u003c/a> to “responsibly advance” the commercialization of marine energy technologies that convert energy from waves, tides, currents, and other ocean sources. And, a California state bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB605\">SB 605\u003c/a>, could direct state agencies to study the feasibility and potential for wave and tidal energy development in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>CalWave enters the race\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>An Oakland-based company, CalWave Power Technologies, is one of several companies racing to turn waves into electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beginning in 2021, a little over a quarter mile off a pier operated by the University of San Diego, a 16-foot-wide, blue octagon-shaped device called xWave was submerged underwater, and tethered to the ocean floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957198\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11957198\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-800x450.png\" alt=\"A boat sits on the open ocean, tugging a large, blue, metal rectangular machine into place.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-1020x574.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-1536x864.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-2048x1152.png 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-1920x1080.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland-based company, CalWave Power Technologies, places their xWave device off the San Diego coast in 2022 as part of a pilot program to turn wave energy into electricity. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CalWave)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The co-founder of CalWave, Marcus Lehmann, developed the technology based on research done at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He compares the device to an electric car, except underwater. When the brakes are hit on an electric car going downhill, that action produces power that is turned into electricity that can then be stored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The xWave sits underwater, and as waves swirl around it, an internal buoy is pushed by their force, moving in a circular motion with the flow of the water. And since the buoy is the only moving part, it doesn’t pose a risk to marine life, said Lehmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then we slow it down and we use that energy to produce electricity,” Lehmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During CalWave’s pilot, they continuously exported power through a cable back to the pier for about ten months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It felt a little bit like a newborn where we were up at nights and weekends watching it and making sure everything was working fine,” Lehmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to wave energy, people are still tinkering with different designs, Lehmann says, just like they did in the early days of wind energy. Twenty years ago, after all, there were all sorts of wind turbine designs researchers were testing out. Now, most wind turbines have a three blade design because it’s the most efficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not aware of any project in California or continental U.S. that exported power without interruption for that long,” Lehmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, CalWave is working on building a version of their pilot to be installed at that wave energy test site in Newport, Oregon. There it will share waters with devices built by other companies. Once the Oregon test site is fully operational in 2025 or so, it could generate enough power to supply a few thousand homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Lehmann, that’s just the beginning. He hopes wave energy can compete with offshore wind, and his company believes wave energy has the potential to meet \u003ca href=\"https://calwave.energy/insights-on-wave-power/\">about 30%\u003c/a> of the United States’ electricity demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been over a decade since Newsom set his sights on tidal energy and San Francisco embarked on a mission to harness energy in the Bay. Now, Dan Kammen, the energy expert at UC Berkeley, thinks the wave energy future could finally happen soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will be surprised if in the next five years we’re not seeing wave and tidal technologies being installed for commercial operation,” Kammen said. “Not for testing, but to generate power either for a community or for a community with the excess being sent to the grid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hello everybody, I’m Olivia Allen Price. And this is Bay Curious. I want to start today’s episode … at the ocean.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[crash of an ocean wave]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And my gosh, whenever I look at the waves, I can’t help but marvel at their power … the sheer amount of energy they have.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[sound of ocean waves continues]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These waves have been on the mind of a Bay Curious listener…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Kwok:\u003c/b> My name is Alex Kwok. I’ve lived in the Bay Area for pretty much my whole life. Grown up in Fremont.\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alex is a generally curious person. Random \u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">questions pop into his mind all the time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Kwok:\u003c/b> Every time I kind of hear about the state going through another rolling power outage, or PG&E cutting power … that usually sparks some sort of thinking on my part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cb>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/b>When it comes to green energy, he’s seen a lot of solar and wind energy projects here in California. But they have drawbacks. The wind doesn’t always blow. And the sun does set. Every day, actually. But the Ocean …\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Kwok: \u003c/b>Okay, the ocean is always there. The tides are always going in and out, right? Why is there no talk about tidal power? Are there no companies testing any kind of tidal power technology here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cb>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/b>Today on Bay Curious … we are going to explore the potential of harnessing the ocean for energy. It’s a largely untapped frontier, for a few sensible reasons actually. But the tide may be turning … I’m Olivia Allen-Price. We’ll explain more after the break. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We sent reporter Holly J. McDede to answer Alex Kwok’s question. Turns out, San Franciscans have tried to tap into ocean energy for more than a century. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[sound of ocean waves]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> The year is 1868\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and a mechanic now known as “Mr. Robertson”\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has devised a grand experiment: a boat powered by not steam, or wind … but ocean waves!\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mr. Robertson and a few passengers set sail from San Francisco’s North Beach\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> documented the adventure …\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice-over actor: \u003c/b>In his mind’s eye the inventor saw the new boat traveling the waters like a being of life, riding the billows sea-serpent fashion …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> But almost from the start, the experiment went sideways. Literally. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice-over actor: \u003c/b>She was hardly clear of the wharf when she swung around broadside to the tide and commenced bobbing and ducking in a most unpromisingly perverse manner, refusing to obey the helm at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Before the boat even made it out to sea, the passengers had to be rescued. The grand experiment to build a boat powered by waves came to an end. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But our quest to harness the ocean would not stop there …\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[music]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flash-forward 130-some years to the early 2000s. This time, it was San Francisco city leaders who had a \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">grand\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> idea. Following what they’d seen done elsewhere … they thought a device, like a windmill, could be placed under the Golden Gate Bridge … its blades turned by the water to generate power. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then-Mayor Gavin Newsom boasted about this when he was running for governor in 2009. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gov. Newsom: \u003c/b>Think about the mouth of the Golden Gate, the Bay, it’s relatively small, you’ve got this great energy that comes in and out, 24/7, all of that energy being wasted! Again. You’ve got the opportunity to do what’s been done in other countries, and that’s harness that energy flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> The future, he said, was now!\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Never mind that just a year before that, a study paid for by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission said the whole idea was not economically feasible.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First off, it’s expensive. That study found that the turbines would cost as much as $15 million each … and $750,000 a year to maintain. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And it turns out the turbines would be way less productive than promised. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finally, there were environmental concerns. Even Newsom was clued into those. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gov. Newsom: \u003c/b>This one has become more complicated, a lot of environmental concerns, if you have Plankton coming in, seals and sea lions … who knows what else, getting sucked up and consumed …we’re working on all those issues. [Laughter]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> And creating things meant to\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> last\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> underwater is really hard. Just look at how beat up a buoy gets or the rotten pillars of a pier. Salt is tough stuff! \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen: \u003c/b>Technology wasn’t ready, but the planning really was. Now these hardware options have caught up to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> That’s \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dan Kammen, a professor of energy at the University of California, Berkeley. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen:\u003c/b> It’s a very simple answer to the question why there hasn’t been a lot of this before. It’s really because the focus on clean energy for the past two decades has been first on solar and then on wind, or depending. There’s a little mix and match there. But this is just one that hasn’t gotten as much attention until recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> California is aiming to be powered 100% by clean energy by 2045, but there’s still a long way to go. The state was at 37% in 2021, mainly coming from wind and solar. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tapping into ocean energy could help chip away at the difference. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen: \u003c/b>It’s not going to be a massive part of our energy. But it might be a really well-tailored technology to places that are already thinking about clean energy and have a port, a dock, a whole variety of kind of in the water hardware already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Ocean waves do have some big upsides. They are more predictable and reliable than wind. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Water is also denser than air, and moving water packs a lot of energy. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kammen and others advocating for this industry are optimistic because of new innovations that aim to reduce costs\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen: \u003c/b>There are innovative hardware designs, some are big floating snakes, others look like buoys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> More funding is coming into the industry too. The U.S. Department of Energy is allocating $25 million to help support a new wave energy testing site. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s located just a few miles from the deep-water port of Newport, Oregon.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There, companies are racing to turn ocean \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">waves\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> into \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">electricity. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And one California company … is in the running! \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[Music bridge ]\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2022, a little over a quarter mile off a pier at the University of San Diego, a 16-foot-wide, blue octagon-shaped device called xWave was submerged underwater … and tethered to the ocean floor. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the water swirls around it …\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[Ocean wave sound effects]\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The device moved in a circular motion with it, around …\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[Ocean wave sound effects]\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And around. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marcus Lehmann: \u003c/b>It’s pretty much similar to a wind turbine just with the difference that the wind turbine always runs in the same direction. In our case, the waves just go in circles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Marcus Lehmann is the cofounder of CalWave Power Technologies, the Oakland-based company behind that blue device. He developed the technology based on research done at UC Berkeley. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His company was testing out the\u003c/span> xWave\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> prototype for about 10 months. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marcus Lehmann: \u003c/b>It felt a little bit like a newborn where we were up at nights and weekends watching it and making sure everything is working fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> He says when it comes to wave energy, people are still tinkering with different designs, just like they did in the early days of wind energy. Twenty years ago, there were all sorts of wind turbine designs researchers were testing out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marcus Lehmann:\u003c/b> The three-blade horizontal that emerged was really more through trial and error, through industrial experience finding it has the best performance, but then also the lowest cost, ultimately.\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> During CalWave’s pilot, they continuously exported power through a cable back to the pier. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marcus Lehmann: \u003c/b>We’re not aware of any project in California or continental U.S. that exported power without interruption for that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Next, CalWave is working on building a version of their pilot to be installed at that wave energy test site in Newport, Oregon. There it will share waters with devices built by \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">other\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> companies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once the Oregon test site is fully operational in 2025 or so, it could generate enough power … enough to supply a few thousand homes. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To Lehmann that’s just the beginning. He hopes wave energy can compete with \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">offshore wind. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CalWave believes wave energy has the potential to meet up to 30% of the United States’ electricity demand. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After all, wave energy could be the world’s largest untapped energy resource. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[music bridge]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s been decades since Newsom made that speech declaring that the future of tidal energy is now. And San Francisco embarked on the mission to harness energy in the Bay … but \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dan Kammen, the professor of energy we spoke to earlier,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> believes that the wave energy future … is \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">actually\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> going to happen pretty soon. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen: \u003c/b>I will be surprised if in the next five years we’re not seeing wave and tidal technologies being installed for commercial operation, not for testing, but to generate power either for a community or for a community with the excess being sent to the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[music bridge]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Sounds like promising stuff, but slow going. Are there places around the world where wave or tidal energy is up and running?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> There have certainly been a lot of attempts! A few projects have come and gone … but funding has always been an issue. There is a fishing village in Spain’s northern coast that does have a wave power plant up and running. Beyond that, several companies are in the research and testing phase.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>You mentioned the $25 million in federal funding being spent on ocean energy technologies — but is California doing anything to move this along?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Yes … slowly but surely. A state bill to study the feasibility of wave and tidal energy developments in California is currently moving through the state Legislature. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> Could we ever see a wave energy site off our coast in the Bay Area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> It’s possible, but I don’t think the Bay Area is top on the list. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A hot button issue in the green energy space has been ensuring the transition away from fossil fuels doesn’t leave certain people or communities behind. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The federal government is providing incentives for green energy projects that benefit people that have been overburdened by pollution and historic underinvestment. There are coastal communities that are struggling that could stand to benefit from those resources and the promise of wave energy. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Alright well, Holly J. McDede, thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong>\u003c/span> \u003c/b>You’re welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>[music]\u003c/em>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you are new to Bay Curious … Welcome! And be sure to subscribe or follow us wherever you listen to podcasts so you don’t miss a future episode. Be sure to stick around until the end of the show to play our Sierra Nevada podcast trivia game.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bay Curious\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is made by Amanda Font, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia Allen-Price. Additional support from Jen Chien, Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldana and Holly Kernan.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I’m Olivia Allen-Price, have a great week!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waves have been on the mind of Alex Kwok, a Bay Curious listener who grew up in Fremont. When it comes to green energy, he’s seen a lot of solar and wind energy projects here in California. But he says the ocean seems particularly promising because of its consistency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ocean is always there. The tides are always going in and out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That made Kwok wonder: “Why is there no talk about tidal power? Are there no companies testing any kind of tidal power technology here?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The grand idea makes some waves\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Turns out, there has been talk of tapping into tidal and wave energy among San Franciscans for more than a century. In 1868, there was even a failed attempt at \u003ca href=\"https://www.outsidelands.org/wave-tidal.php\">creating a wave-powered boat\u003c/a> that was covered by \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for the kind of ocean energy Alex is asking about, let’s look back to the early 2000s, when San Francisco city leaders\u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna3339905\"> had a grand idea\u003c/a>. Following what they’d seen done elsewhere, they thought a device, like a windmill, could be placed under the Golden Gate Bridge, its blades turned by the water to generate power. Then-Mayor Gavin Newsom boasted about this when he was running for governor in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about the mouth of the Golden Gate, the Bay, it’s relatively small, you’ve got this great energy that comes in and out, 24/7, all of that energy being wasted!” he said at the time. “You’ve got the opportunity to do what’s been done in other countries, and that’s harness that energy flow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957196\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11957196\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-800x531.jpg\" alt=\"Two people jog along a cement walkway that borders San Francisco Bay on a stormy day. Large waves are crashing over the edge of the walkway. The Golden Gate Bridge is visible in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut-1536x1019.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/RS18710_GettyImages-56494642-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two runners watch as waves crash against the rocks at Fort Point near the Golden Gate Bridge Dec. 28, 2005 in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But there were some problems. The San Francisco Environment Department had looked into a tidal project for the Bay in 2008, but a technical consultant determined the project was not commercially feasible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Tidal power is a peaky resource — only generating during high tides. The consultant also found tidal power to be very expensive — especially as compared to other types of renewable energy,” the San Francisco Environment Department wrote to KQED. “To make in-stream tidal power feasible, the cost of technology and its installation must decline significantly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study paid for by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission found that the turbines would cost as much as $15 million each, and $750,000 a year to maintain. They could be less productive than promised, and there were also environmental concerns. Even Newsom was clued into those.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have plankton coming in, seals and sea lions … who knows what else, getting sucked up and consumed,” Newsom said. “We’re working on all those issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, salt is tough stuff, and creating devices meant to last underwater is really hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project was dead in the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The tides begin to turn\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Technology wasn’t ready, but the planning really was,” said Daniel M. Kammen, a professor of energy at UC Berkeley. He also serves in the Biden-Harris Administration as the senior advisor for energy innovation at the United States Agency for International Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kammen said the focus on clean energy for the past two decades has been on solar and wind, but now technology for the ocean is catching up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is aiming to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/10/646373423/california-sets-goal-of-100-percent-renewable-electric-power-by-2045\">powered 100% by clean energy by 2045\u003c/a>, but there’s still a long way to go. The state was at 37% in 2021, mainly coming from wind and solar. Tapping into ocean energy could help chip away at the difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not going to be a massive part of our energy. But it might be a really well-tailored technology to places that are already thinking about clean energy and have a port, a dock, and a whole variety of water hardware already,” Kammen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ocean energy overall is \u003ca href=\"https://unfccc.int/blog/wave-of-the-future\">more predictable and reliable than wind\u003c/a>. Water is roughly \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148123009771\">830 times denser than air,\u003c/a> and moving water packs colossal energy. And about half of the world’s population lives within 124 miles of a coastline, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.prb.org/resources/ripple-effects-population-and-coastal-regions/#:~:text=Today%2C%20approximately%203%20billion%20people,200%20kilometers%20of%20a%20coastline.\">Population Reference Bureau\u003c/a>. Now, wave energy and tidal energy are different, though both have some upsides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_tides/tides05_lunarday.html#:~:text=Since%20the%20Earth%20rotates%20through,24%20hours%20and%2050%20minutes.\">Tides\u003c/a> are a twice-a-day cycle, driven by the rise and fall of the sea \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_tides/tides02_cause.html\">caused by the gravitational attraction\u003c/a> of the sun and moon on the oceans of the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/waves.html\">Waves\u003c/a> are caused by energy passing through the water, which causes the water to move in a circular motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kammen and others advocating for this industry are optimistic because of new innovations that aim to reduce costs, and increasing government support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Energy is \u003ca href=\"https://today.oregonstate.edu/news/dept-energy-awards-25-million-wave-energy-technology-testing-oregon-state-facility#:~:text=Dept.-,of%20Energy%20awards%20%2425%20million%20for%20wave,testing%20at%20Oregon%20State%20facility&text=CORVALLIS%2C%20Ore.,central%20Oregon%20coast%20near%20Newport.\">allocating $25 million\u003c/a> to help support a new wave-energy testing site located a few miles from the deepwater port of Newport, Oregon. The Biden Administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Ocean-Climate-Action-Plan_Final.pdf\">set a goal (PDF)\u003c/a> to “responsibly advance” the commercialization of marine energy technologies that convert energy from waves, tides, currents, and other ocean sources. And, a California state bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB605\">SB 605\u003c/a>, could direct state agencies to study the feasibility and potential for wave and tidal energy development in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>CalWave enters the race\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>An Oakland-based company, CalWave Power Technologies, is one of several companies racing to turn waves into electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beginning in 2021, a little over a quarter mile off a pier operated by the University of San Diego, a 16-foot-wide, blue octagon-shaped device called xWave was submerged underwater, and tethered to the ocean floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957198\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11957198\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-800x450.png\" alt=\"A boat sits on the open ocean, tugging a large, blue, metal rectangular machine into place.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-1020x574.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-1536x864.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-2048x1152.png 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/CalWave-Pilot-30-1920x1080.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland-based company, CalWave Power Technologies, places their xWave device off the San Diego coast in 2022 as part of a pilot program to turn wave energy into electricity. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CalWave)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The co-founder of CalWave, Marcus Lehmann, developed the technology based on research done at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He compares the device to an electric car, except underwater. When the brakes are hit on an electric car going downhill, that action produces power that is turned into electricity that can then be stored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The xWave sits underwater, and as waves swirl around it, an internal buoy is pushed by their force, moving in a circular motion with the flow of the water. And since the buoy is the only moving part, it doesn’t pose a risk to marine life, said Lehmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then we slow it down and we use that energy to produce electricity,” Lehmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During CalWave’s pilot, they continuously exported power through a cable back to the pier for about ten months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It felt a little bit like a newborn where we were up at nights and weekends watching it and making sure everything was working fine,” Lehmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to wave energy, people are still tinkering with different designs, Lehmann says, just like they did in the early days of wind energy. Twenty years ago, after all, there were all sorts of wind turbine designs researchers were testing out. Now, most wind turbines have a three blade design because it’s the most efficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not aware of any project in California or continental U.S. that exported power without interruption for that long,” Lehmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next, CalWave is working on building a version of their pilot to be installed at that wave energy test site in Newport, Oregon. There it will share waters with devices built by other companies. Once the Oregon test site is fully operational in 2025 or so, it could generate enough power to supply a few thousand homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Lehmann, that’s just the beginning. He hopes wave energy can compete with offshore wind, and his company believes wave energy has the potential to meet \u003ca href=\"https://calwave.energy/insights-on-wave-power/\">about 30%\u003c/a> of the United States’ electricity demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been over a decade since Newsom set his sights on tidal energy and San Francisco embarked on a mission to harness energy in the Bay. Now, Dan Kammen, the energy expert at UC Berkeley, thinks the wave energy future could finally happen soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will be surprised if in the next five years we’re not seeing wave and tidal technologies being installed for commercial operation,” Kammen said. “Not for testing, but to generate power either for a community or for a community with the excess being sent to the grid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hello everybody, I’m Olivia Allen Price. And this is Bay Curious. I want to start today’s episode … at the ocean.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[crash of an ocean wave]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And my gosh, whenever I look at the waves, I can’t help but marvel at their power … the sheer amount of energy they have.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[sound of ocean waves continues]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These waves have been on the mind of a Bay Curious listener…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Kwok:\u003c/b> My name is Alex Kwok. I’ve lived in the Bay Area for pretty much my whole life. Grown up in Fremont.\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alex is a generally curious person. Random \u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">questions pop into his mind all the time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Kwok:\u003c/b> Every time I kind of hear about the state going through another rolling power outage, or PG&E cutting power … that usually sparks some sort of thinking on my part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cb>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/b>When it comes to green energy, he’s seen a lot of solar and wind energy projects here in California. But they have drawbacks. The wind doesn’t always blow. And the sun does set. Every day, actually. But the Ocean …\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex Kwok: \u003c/b>Okay, the ocean is always there. The tides are always going in and out, right? Why is there no talk about tidal power? Are there no companies testing any kind of tidal power technology here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cb>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/b>Today on Bay Curious … we are going to explore the potential of harnessing the ocean for energy. It’s a largely untapped frontier, for a few sensible reasons actually. But the tide may be turning … I’m Olivia Allen-Price. We’ll explain more after the break. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We sent reporter Holly J. McDede to answer Alex Kwok’s question. Turns out, San Franciscans have tried to tap into ocean energy for more than a century. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[sound of ocean waves]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> The year is 1868\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and a mechanic now known as “Mr. Robertson”\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has devised a grand experiment: a boat powered by not steam, or wind … but ocean waves!\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mr. Robertson and a few passengers set sail from San Francisco’s North Beach\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> documented the adventure …\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice-over actor: \u003c/b>In his mind’s eye the inventor saw the new boat traveling the waters like a being of life, riding the billows sea-serpent fashion …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> But almost from the start, the experiment went sideways. Literally. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice-over actor: \u003c/b>She was hardly clear of the wharf when she swung around broadside to the tide and commenced bobbing and ducking in a most unpromisingly perverse manner, refusing to obey the helm at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Before the boat even made it out to sea, the passengers had to be rescued. The grand experiment to build a boat powered by waves came to an end. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But our quest to harness the ocean would not stop there …\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[music]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flash-forward 130-some years to the early 2000s. This time, it was San Francisco city leaders who had a \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">grand\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> idea. Following what they’d seen done elsewhere … they thought a device, like a windmill, could be placed under the Golden Gate Bridge … its blades turned by the water to generate power. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then-Mayor Gavin Newsom boasted about this when he was running for governor in 2009. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gov. Newsom: \u003c/b>Think about the mouth of the Golden Gate, the Bay, it’s relatively small, you’ve got this great energy that comes in and out, 24/7, all of that energy being wasted! Again. You’ve got the opportunity to do what’s been done in other countries, and that’s harness that energy flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> The future, he said, was now!\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Never mind that just a year before that, a study paid for by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission said the whole idea was not economically feasible.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First off, it’s expensive. That study found that the turbines would cost as much as $15 million each … and $750,000 a year to maintain. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And it turns out the turbines would be way less productive than promised. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finally, there were environmental concerns. Even Newsom was clued into those. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gov. Newsom: \u003c/b>This one has become more complicated, a lot of environmental concerns, if you have Plankton coming in, seals and sea lions … who knows what else, getting sucked up and consumed …we’re working on all those issues. [Laughter]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> And creating things meant to\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> last\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> underwater is really hard. Just look at how beat up a buoy gets or the rotten pillars of a pier. Salt is tough stuff! \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen: \u003c/b>Technology wasn’t ready, but the planning really was. Now these hardware options have caught up to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> That’s \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dan Kammen, a professor of energy at the University of California, Berkeley. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen:\u003c/b> It’s a very simple answer to the question why there hasn’t been a lot of this before. It’s really because the focus on clean energy for the past two decades has been first on solar and then on wind, or depending. There’s a little mix and match there. But this is just one that hasn’t gotten as much attention until recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> California is aiming to be powered 100% by clean energy by 2045, but there’s still a long way to go. The state was at 37% in 2021, mainly coming from wind and solar. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tapping into ocean energy could help chip away at the difference. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen: \u003c/b>It’s not going to be a massive part of our energy. But it might be a really well-tailored technology to places that are already thinking about clean energy and have a port, a dock, a whole variety of kind of in the water hardware already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Ocean waves do have some big upsides. They are more predictable and reliable than wind. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Water is also denser than air, and moving water packs a lot of energy. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kammen and others advocating for this industry are optimistic because of new innovations that aim to reduce costs\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen: \u003c/b>There are innovative hardware designs, some are big floating snakes, others look like buoys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> More funding is coming into the industry too. The U.S. Department of Energy is allocating $25 million to help support a new wave energy testing site. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s located just a few miles from the deep-water port of Newport, Oregon.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There, companies are racing to turn ocean \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">waves\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> into \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">electricity. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And one California company … is in the running! \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[Music bridge ]\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2022, a little over a quarter mile off a pier at the University of San Diego, a 16-foot-wide, blue octagon-shaped device called xWave was submerged underwater … and tethered to the ocean floor. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the water swirls around it …\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[Ocean wave sound effects]\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The device moved in a circular motion with it, around …\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[Ocean wave sound effects]\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And around. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marcus Lehmann: \u003c/b>It’s pretty much similar to a wind turbine just with the difference that the wind turbine always runs in the same direction. In our case, the waves just go in circles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Marcus Lehmann is the cofounder of CalWave Power Technologies, the Oakland-based company behind that blue device. He developed the technology based on research done at UC Berkeley. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His company was testing out the\u003c/span> xWave\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> prototype for about 10 months. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marcus Lehmann: \u003c/b>It felt a little bit like a newborn where we were up at nights and weekends watching it and making sure everything is working fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> He says when it comes to wave energy, people are still tinkering with different designs, just like they did in the early days of wind energy. Twenty years ago, there were all sorts of wind turbine designs researchers were testing out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marcus Lehmann:\u003c/b> The three-blade horizontal that emerged was really more through trial and error, through industrial experience finding it has the best performance, but then also the lowest cost, ultimately.\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> During CalWave’s pilot, they continuously exported power through a cable back to the pier. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marcus Lehmann: \u003c/b>We’re not aware of any project in California or continental U.S. that exported power without interruption for that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Next, CalWave is working on building a version of their pilot to be installed at that wave energy test site in Newport, Oregon. There it will share waters with devices built by \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">other\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> companies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once the Oregon test site is fully operational in 2025 or so, it could generate enough power … enough to supply a few thousand homes. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To Lehmann that’s just the beginning. He hopes wave energy can compete with \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">offshore wind. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CalWave believes wave energy has the potential to meet up to 30% of the United States’ electricity demand. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After all, wave energy could be the world’s largest untapped energy resource. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[music bridge]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s been decades since Newsom made that speech declaring that the future of tidal energy is now. And San Francisco embarked on the mission to harness energy in the Bay … but \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dan Kammen, the professor of energy we spoke to earlier,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> believes that the wave energy future … is \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">actually\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> going to happen pretty soon. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dan Kammen: \u003c/b>I will be surprised if in the next five years we’re not seeing wave and tidal technologies being installed for commercial operation, not for testing, but to generate power either for a community or for a community with the excess being sent to the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[music bridge]\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Sounds like promising stuff, but slow going. Are there places around the world where wave or tidal energy is up and running?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> There have certainly been a lot of attempts! A few projects have come and gone … but funding has always been an issue. There is a fishing village in Spain’s northern coast that does have a wave power plant up and running. Beyond that, several companies are in the research and testing phase.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>You mentioned the $25 million in federal funding being spent on ocean energy technologies — but is California doing anything to move this along?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> Yes … slowly but surely. A state bill to study the feasibility of wave and tidal energy developments in California is currently moving through the state Legislature. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b> Could we ever see a wave energy site off our coast in the Bay Area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong> It’s possible, but I don’t think the Bay Area is top on the list. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A hot button issue in the green energy space has been ensuring the transition away from fossil fuels doesn’t leave certain people or communities behind. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The federal government is providing incentives for green energy projects that benefit people that have been overburdened by pollution and historic underinvestment. There are coastal communities that are struggling that could stand to benefit from those resources and the promise of wave energy. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Alright well, Holly J. McDede, thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cstrong>Holly McDede:\u003c/strong>\u003c/span> \u003c/b>You’re welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>[music]\u003c/em>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you are new to Bay Curious … Welcome! And be sure to subscribe or follow us wherever you listen to podcasts so you don’t miss a future episode. Be sure to stick around until the end of the show to play our Sierra Nevada podcast trivia game.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bay Curious\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is made by Amanda Font, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia Allen-Price. Additional support from Jen Chien, Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldana and Holly Kernan.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I’m Olivia Allen-Price, have a great week!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>"
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"content": "\u003cp>With more heat waves expected this summer, California officials are trying to assess the long-term economic impact on workers and businesses — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11956715/democratic-lawmakers-push-for-national-heat-related-worker-protections-amid-scorching-temperatures\">and what more can be done to protect workers bearing the brunt of extreme temperatures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">California is one of the few states with heat standards protecting outdoor workers\u003c/a>, advocates and workers say enforcement is still a struggle. Meanwhile the state has been trying for years to create indoor workplace heat rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2021 study of California worker compensation data by a left-leaning economic research nonprofit shows hot days lead to increased workplace accidents across California. The \u003ca href=\"https://equitablegrowth.org/working-papers/temperature-workplace-safety-and-labor-market-inequality/\">Washington Center for Equitable Growth study\u003c/a> estimates hot temperatures have caused at least 360,000 workplace injuries in California from 2001 to 2018, or about 20,000 injuries a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers examined California workers compensation data and tracked daily temperatures down to the zip code. They compared the number of worker injuries and illnesses on 85-to-105-degree days to days when temperatures hovered around 60 degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new state \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Advisory-Committee/\">advisory committee\u003c/a> is set to use this data as a roadmap to tackle hot workplace issues. The group of state agency staffers and scholars will examine persistent problems with underreported heat-related illness and injuries, as well as gaps in data collection and the financial toll on workers and businesses when temperatures rise and production falls.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Young workers at risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A day above 100 degrees can lead to a 10–15% increase in same-day injuries on the job, the study says, with injuries hitting low-wage workers hardest. And recovering from a heat-related injury or illness costs the average worker $35,000, including health care and long-term wage impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This implies that the welfare impacts associated with heat-related workplace injuries may be on the order of $525 million to $875 million per year in California alone,” the study authors wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study says workplace injuries include incidents not usually linked to heat, such as falling from heights, getting struck by a vehicle or mishandling dangerous machinery. Research links high temperatures to reduced cognitive performance and decision-making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lead author of the study, University of Pennsylvania professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.sp2.upenn.edu/person/r-jisung-park/\">R. Jisung Park\u003c/a>, is a member of the advisory committee. He and his coauthors found that low-wage workers, especially young men, face the greatest risks of heat injuries, even in mostly indoor workplaces like restaurants or warehouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s advisory committee met for the first time at the end of June. Its mandate is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">package of heat-related\u003c/a> legislation passed last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom in September \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2022/09/09/as-record-heat-wave-continues-governor-newsom-signs-legislation-to-protect-californians-from-extreme-heat/\">signed several bills\u003c/a> creating the first \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2022-09-09/newsom-signs-bills-california-extreme-heat-warning-system\">extreme heat warning and ranking system\u003c/a> in the nation, directing the California Department of Public Health to study the impact of extreme heat on pregnant workers and encouraging local governments to invest in protections against extreme heat and other climate effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are certain sectors that are going to be heavily influenced of course, including food production,” said Daniel Sumner, an advisory committee member who is an agricultural and labor economist at UC Davis. “I think we’d be remiss not to try to think through impacts that directly affect workers’ lower productivity, raise danger for workers, and as a consequence raise food prices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are California workers protected from heat?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California is one of a few states with laws that mandate employers provide water breaks, shade and rest for outdoor workers once temperatures reach certain levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state implemented its outdoor heat standard in 2005, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/brand-connect/ucdavis/protecting-californias-farmworkers-as-temperatures-climb/#:~:text=California%20passed%20the%20nation's%20most,water%2C%20shade%20and%20rest%20breaks.\">several farmworkers\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> —\u003c/strong> three in \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-aug-03-me-farmworkers3-story.html\">Kern County\u003c/a> and one in Fresno County — died due to heat exposure. After the 2008 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcra.com/article/farm-workers-rights-pregnant-17-year-old-death-2008-maria-isavel-vasquez-jimenez/40950637#:~:text=Mar%C3%ADa%20was%2017%20years%20old,when%20tragedy%20struck%20the%20family.\">death of a pregnant \u003c/a>teen working in a Central Valley vineyard\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>drew national outrage, state officials frantically tried to strengthen and enforce the heat protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11886628 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50596_019_SanFrancisco_HeatWaveImpacts_08062021-qut-1020x680.jpg']The Washington Center study found occupational heat-related injuries in California declined by about 30% since the standards took effect in 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There still are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/10/1185766013/farm-workers-extreme-heat-protection-farmers-safety\">no heat-related federal workplace protections\u003c/a>, even for outdoor workers, although the Occupational Health and Safety Administration announced two years ago it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/01/1185623467/the-federal-government-wants-to-protect-people-who-work-outdoors-from-wildfire-s\">developing heat rules\u003c/a> for outdoor and indoor workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s currently little relief for California’s indoor workers. The state has been considering proposals for heat rules for employees in indoor settings like restaurants or warehouses for nearly seven years, missing a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB1167\">2019 deadline\u003c/a> the Legislature set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, a 24-year-old United Parcel Service driver died after collapsing from the heat during deliveries in Pasadena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 340,000-strong union representing the UPS workers has been seeking heat rules that would cover its California members. The union reached a “\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Teamsters/status/1683867683845021697?s=20\">historic\u003c/a>” contract agreement with the company July 25 after threatening a strike, \u003ca href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/v7b3z8/teamsters-ups-union-wins-historic-contract-avoids-gigantic-strike\">securing a deal\u003c/a> with higher wages and more heat protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jassy Grewal, a lobbyist for the United Food and Commercial Workers Western States Council and a member of the state’s heat advisory committee, said workers in high-intensity environments, or those who don’t have a cool place at home, are especially vulnerable without indoor heat rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What type of pressures from employers, like work quotas, contribute to heat-related illness,” Grewal asked during\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the first committee meeting. “And how does the intensity of work and how physically demanding it is relate to the impact of heat exposure while at work and while not at work?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Gaps in job protections\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unions and worker advocates have sued the state in the past to enforce heat-related regulations, and they say the state needs to hold employers accountable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups warn that despite progress, the greatest risk to workers lies with the state’s troubled enforcement record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts say it’s as simple as better outreach, informing workers about heat risks and their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s all implementation and ensuring that these workers actually get the benefits of these laws,” said Michael Méndez, environmental policy professor at UC Irvine, “and having a culturally and linguistically appropriate messaging on the risk and severity of these heat waves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Stories' tag='heat']“I think for any population it’s confusing to understand how our climate is changing and how much risk they could have. So ensuring that we have trusted messengers and doing it in a culturally and linguistically appropriate way matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United Farm Workers sued the Cal/OSHA in 2012\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>to compel the state to enforce heat rules for farmworkers. In 2015 the state \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-cal-osha-farm-workers-20150612-story.html\">settled\u003c/a> a suit the union brought on behalf of five farmworkers who alleged Cal/OSHA was systematically neglecting its duty to enforce the 2005 law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UFW spokesperson Antonio de Loera-Brust told CalMatters “people died to win” California’s enforcement standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We expect state agencies to be out in full strength across California to make sure employers are being compliant with the state heat rules,” De Loera-Brust said. “Heat is still a deadly hazard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Farmworker health\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A February \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2023/02/farmworkers-conditions-california-report/\">study on California farmworker health\u003c/a> and safety by the \u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/\">UC Merced Community and Labor Center\u003c/a> found that only a third of farm laborers could recognize the symptoms of a heat-related illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only half of the roughly 1,500 farmworkers surveyed said their employers always provide shade mandated by California law when it hits 80 degrees, while a quarter said their employers never or rarely provide the required shade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/farmworker-health-study/farmworker-health-study-data-dashboard\">study\u003c/a>, which surveyed farmworkers in six languages, also found:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>About 22% of farmworkers said their employer “never” monitors for heat illness. A slightly higher percentage in the Imperial Valley, where scorching temperatures are common, said the same.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>82% of farmworkers in the San Joaquin Valley said they have received heat-related illness training.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>About 43% of farmworkers statewide, including two-thirds of Central Coast farmworkers, said their employers never had a written heat illness protection plan.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some farm employers still don’t comply with state rules about providing water, shade and rest, the survey shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>55% of farmworkers across the state said their employers always monitored the temperature on hot days — 76% said it in the Imperial Valley, but 46% did in Napa Valley and Sonoma areas.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>75% of farmworkers said their employers provide clean drinking water every time.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Barely half of farmworkers reported their employers always provide a 10-minute cool down rest, while 21% said their employers “never” did.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/content/alice-berliner\">Alice Berliner\u003c/a>, worker health and safety program director at the community and labor center, said it’s clear some workers aren’t getting safety information or training in Spanish when they need it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know heat-related deaths are going up,” she said. “If we want to prevent future deaths from happening, we really need to ensure workers are protected at work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials taking preventive measures, such as conducting heat sweeps ahead of heat waves, has helped, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will the state committee do?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Assembly Speaker \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/robert-rivas-1980/\">Robert Rivas\u003c/a>, who authored legislation creating the advisory committee last year, called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Advisory-Committee/\">panel of 13\u003c/a> a “solid first step.” He said he will work with the Legislature to do more for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Climate change is accelerating, and extreme heat and heat-related illnesses are on the rise,” the Salinas Democrat said in a statement. “California is committed to protecting workers’ health and quality of life during extreme heat waves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite near-universal consensus among state officials and advocates that heat reform work is urgent, and despite recent record shattering temperatures, the committee has been given a 2026 deadline to report results to the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee is set to meet quarterly. The next session is September 19. Members indicated they’ll likely commission a study to guide the committee’s work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no doubt the work this committee will do will save lives,” said Cal/OSHA chief Jeff Killip at the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With more heat waves expected this summer, California officials are trying to assess the long-term economic impact on workers and businesses — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11956715/democratic-lawmakers-push-for-national-heat-related-worker-protections-amid-scorching-temperatures\">and what more can be done to protect workers bearing the brunt of extreme temperatures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">California is one of the few states with heat standards protecting outdoor workers\u003c/a>, advocates and workers say enforcement is still a struggle. Meanwhile the state has been trying for years to create indoor workplace heat rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2021 study of California worker compensation data by a left-leaning economic research nonprofit shows hot days lead to increased workplace accidents across California. The \u003ca href=\"https://equitablegrowth.org/working-papers/temperature-workplace-safety-and-labor-market-inequality/\">Washington Center for Equitable Growth study\u003c/a> estimates hot temperatures have caused at least 360,000 workplace injuries in California from 2001 to 2018, or about 20,000 injuries a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers examined California workers compensation data and tracked daily temperatures down to the zip code. They compared the number of worker injuries and illnesses on 85-to-105-degree days to days when temperatures hovered around 60 degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new state \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Advisory-Committee/\">advisory committee\u003c/a> is set to use this data as a roadmap to tackle hot workplace issues. The group of state agency staffers and scholars will examine persistent problems with underreported heat-related illness and injuries, as well as gaps in data collection and the financial toll on workers and businesses when temperatures rise and production falls.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Young workers at risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A day above 100 degrees can lead to a 10–15% increase in same-day injuries on the job, the study says, with injuries hitting low-wage workers hardest. And recovering from a heat-related injury or illness costs the average worker $35,000, including health care and long-term wage impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This implies that the welfare impacts associated with heat-related workplace injuries may be on the order of $525 million to $875 million per year in California alone,” the study authors wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study says workplace injuries include incidents not usually linked to heat, such as falling from heights, getting struck by a vehicle or mishandling dangerous machinery. Research links high temperatures to reduced cognitive performance and decision-making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lead author of the study, University of Pennsylvania professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.sp2.upenn.edu/person/r-jisung-park/\">R. Jisung Park\u003c/a>, is a member of the advisory committee. He and his coauthors found that low-wage workers, especially young men, face the greatest risks of heat injuries, even in mostly indoor workplaces like restaurants or warehouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s advisory committee met for the first time at the end of June. Its mandate is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">package of heat-related\u003c/a> legislation passed last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom in September \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2022/09/09/as-record-heat-wave-continues-governor-newsom-signs-legislation-to-protect-californians-from-extreme-heat/\">signed several bills\u003c/a> creating the first \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2022-09-09/newsom-signs-bills-california-extreme-heat-warning-system\">extreme heat warning and ranking system\u003c/a> in the nation, directing the California Department of Public Health to study the impact of extreme heat on pregnant workers and encouraging local governments to invest in protections against extreme heat and other climate effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are certain sectors that are going to be heavily influenced of course, including food production,” said Daniel Sumner, an advisory committee member who is an agricultural and labor economist at UC Davis. “I think we’d be remiss not to try to think through impacts that directly affect workers’ lower productivity, raise danger for workers, and as a consequence raise food prices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are California workers protected from heat?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California is one of a few states with laws that mandate employers provide water breaks, shade and rest for outdoor workers once temperatures reach certain levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state implemented its outdoor heat standard in 2005, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/brand-connect/ucdavis/protecting-californias-farmworkers-as-temperatures-climb/#:~:text=California%20passed%20the%20nation's%20most,water%2C%20shade%20and%20rest%20breaks.\">several farmworkers\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> —\u003c/strong> three in \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-aug-03-me-farmworkers3-story.html\">Kern County\u003c/a> and one in Fresno County — died due to heat exposure. After the 2008 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcra.com/article/farm-workers-rights-pregnant-17-year-old-death-2008-maria-isavel-vasquez-jimenez/40950637#:~:text=Mar%C3%ADa%20was%2017%20years%20old,when%20tragedy%20struck%20the%20family.\">death of a pregnant \u003c/a>teen working in a Central Valley vineyard\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>drew national outrage, state officials frantically tried to strengthen and enforce the heat protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Washington Center study found occupational heat-related injuries in California declined by about 30% since the standards took effect in 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There still are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/10/1185766013/farm-workers-extreme-heat-protection-farmers-safety\">no heat-related federal workplace protections\u003c/a>, even for outdoor workers, although the Occupational Health and Safety Administration announced two years ago it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/01/1185623467/the-federal-government-wants-to-protect-people-who-work-outdoors-from-wildfire-s\">developing heat rules\u003c/a> for outdoor and indoor workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s currently little relief for California’s indoor workers. The state has been considering proposals for heat rules for employees in indoor settings like restaurants or warehouses for nearly seven years, missing a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB1167\">2019 deadline\u003c/a> the Legislature set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, a 24-year-old United Parcel Service driver died after collapsing from the heat during deliveries in Pasadena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 340,000-strong union representing the UPS workers has been seeking heat rules that would cover its California members. The union reached a “\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Teamsters/status/1683867683845021697?s=20\">historic\u003c/a>” contract agreement with the company July 25 after threatening a strike, \u003ca href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/v7b3z8/teamsters-ups-union-wins-historic-contract-avoids-gigantic-strike\">securing a deal\u003c/a> with higher wages and more heat protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jassy Grewal, a lobbyist for the United Food and Commercial Workers Western States Council and a member of the state’s heat advisory committee, said workers in high-intensity environments, or those who don’t have a cool place at home, are especially vulnerable without indoor heat rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What type of pressures from employers, like work quotas, contribute to heat-related illness,” Grewal asked during\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the first committee meeting. “And how does the intensity of work and how physically demanding it is relate to the impact of heat exposure while at work and while not at work?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Gaps in job protections\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unions and worker advocates have sued the state in the past to enforce heat-related regulations, and they say the state needs to hold employers accountable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups warn that despite progress, the greatest risk to workers lies with the state’s troubled enforcement record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts say it’s as simple as better outreach, informing workers about heat risks and their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s all implementation and ensuring that these workers actually get the benefits of these laws,” said Michael Méndez, environmental policy professor at UC Irvine, “and having a culturally and linguistically appropriate messaging on the risk and severity of these heat waves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I think for any population it’s confusing to understand how our climate is changing and how much risk they could have. So ensuring that we have trusted messengers and doing it in a culturally and linguistically appropriate way matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United Farm Workers sued the Cal/OSHA in 2012\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>to compel the state to enforce heat rules for farmworkers. In 2015 the state \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-cal-osha-farm-workers-20150612-story.html\">settled\u003c/a> a suit the union brought on behalf of five farmworkers who alleged Cal/OSHA was systematically neglecting its duty to enforce the 2005 law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UFW spokesperson Antonio de Loera-Brust told CalMatters “people died to win” California’s enforcement standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We expect state agencies to be out in full strength across California to make sure employers are being compliant with the state heat rules,” De Loera-Brust said. “Heat is still a deadly hazard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Farmworker health\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A February \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2023/02/farmworkers-conditions-california-report/\">study on California farmworker health\u003c/a> and safety by the \u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/\">UC Merced Community and Labor Center\u003c/a> found that only a third of farm laborers could recognize the symptoms of a heat-related illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only half of the roughly 1,500 farmworkers surveyed said their employers always provide shade mandated by California law when it hits 80 degrees, while a quarter said their employers never or rarely provide the required shade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/farmworker-health-study/farmworker-health-study-data-dashboard\">study\u003c/a>, which surveyed farmworkers in six languages, also found:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>About 22% of farmworkers said their employer “never” monitors for heat illness. A slightly higher percentage in the Imperial Valley, where scorching temperatures are common, said the same.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>82% of farmworkers in the San Joaquin Valley said they have received heat-related illness training.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>About 43% of farmworkers statewide, including two-thirds of Central Coast farmworkers, said their employers never had a written heat illness protection plan.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some farm employers still don’t comply with state rules about providing water, shade and rest, the survey shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>55% of farmworkers across the state said their employers always monitored the temperature on hot days — 76% said it in the Imperial Valley, but 46% did in Napa Valley and Sonoma areas.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>75% of farmworkers said their employers provide clean drinking water every time.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Barely half of farmworkers reported their employers always provide a 10-minute cool down rest, while 21% said their employers “never” did.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/content/alice-berliner\">Alice Berliner\u003c/a>, worker health and safety program director at the community and labor center, said it’s clear some workers aren’t getting safety information or training in Spanish when they need it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know heat-related deaths are going up,” she said. “If we want to prevent future deaths from happening, we really need to ensure workers are protected at work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials taking preventive measures, such as conducting heat sweeps ahead of heat waves, has helped, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will the state committee do?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Assembly Speaker \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/robert-rivas-1980/\">Robert Rivas\u003c/a>, who authored legislation creating the advisory committee last year, called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Advisory-Committee/\">panel of 13\u003c/a> a “solid first step.” He said he will work with the Legislature to do more for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Climate change is accelerating, and extreme heat and heat-related illnesses are on the rise,” the Salinas Democrat said in a statement. “California is committed to protecting workers’ health and quality of life during extreme heat waves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite near-universal consensus among state officials and advocates that heat reform work is urgent, and despite recent record shattering temperatures, the committee has been given a 2026 deadline to report results to the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee is set to meet quarterly. The next session is September 19. Members indicated they’ll likely commission a study to guide the committee’s work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no doubt the work this committee will do will save lives,” said Cal/OSHA chief Jeff Killip at the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As a historic 10-day heat wave threatened brownouts across California \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/8.31.22-Heat-Proclamation.pdf?emrc=78e3fc\">last summer,\u003c/a> a small San Diego County school district did its part to help: It captured excess power from its electric school buses and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sdgenews.com/article/sdge-and-cajon-valley-union-school-district-flip-switch-regions-first-vehicle-grid-project\">sent it back to the state’s overwhelmed grid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seven school buses provided enough power for 452 homes each day of the heat wave, and the buses were recharged only during off hours when the grid was not strained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California energy officials have high hopes that this new power source, called bidirectional charging, will \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/01/california-electric-cars-grid/\">boost California’s power supply\u003c/a> as it ramps up its \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/08/electric-cars-california-to-phase-out-gas-cars/\">ambitious agenda of electrifying its cars\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2023/04/california-phases-out-diesel-trucks/\">trucks\u003c/a> and buses while switching to 100% clean energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom called two-way charging technology a “game changer,” and said, “this is the future” during a speech last September, about a week after the heat wave ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB233\">bill\u003c/a> already approved by the state Senate in a 29-9 vote would require all new electric cars sold in California to be equipped with bidirectional technology by 2030. In the Assembly, two committees approved the bill earlier this month and it is now under consideration by a third.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This two-way charging has big potential — but also faces big obstacles. By 2035, California expects to have 12.5 million electric cars on the road, but it’s an open question how much California can rely on them to feed the grid. Automakers say the technology would add thousands of dollars to the cost of an electric car, and California’s utilities are still sorting out how to pay ratepayers for selling them the kilowatt hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ability to use electric cars, trucks and buses to feed energy back into the grid would be especially helpful during peak times for energy use, such as heatwaves. But relying on vehicles as a year-round power source may not be practical — at least not yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a great idea conceptually…but we haven’t had the time to flesh out the details of what needs to happen for California to be able to power itself on electric vehicles,” said Orville Thomas, state policy director for CALSTART, a sustainable energy nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Orville Thomas, state policy director, CALSTART\"]‘It’s a great idea conceptually … but we haven’t had the time to flesh out the details of what needs to happen for California to be able to power itself on electric vehicles.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should be on the menu of options that California has. Is it going to be the number one option? Definitely not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, its use has been limited in California. Pacific Gas and Electric has a pilot program — the first in the nation — that lets up to 1,000 residential customers with bidirectional chargers sell power back to the utility. Some school districts also are experimenting with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only about half a dozen electric car models currently are equipped with bidirectional capabilities, including the Hyundai Ioniq 5, Nissan Leaf and Ford F-150 Lightning. Tesla announced recently that all its models will have it by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric vehicles convert one type of energy, alternating current electricity, into another, direct current, which is stored in a battery. Bidirectional charging means that an electric vehicle can convert the energy it has stored in its battery and send it to other sources, such as home appliances or back to the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11956108\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM.png\" alt=\"A graphic image demonstrating how biodirectional charging can help bolster the power grid. A cartoon-like electric vehicle is pictured with various arrows pointing toward different areas it could help charge such as a transformer, home and a refrigerator.\" width=\"1602\" height=\"1340\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM.png 1602w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM-800x669.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM-1020x853.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM-160x134.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM-1536x1285.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1602px) 100vw, 1602px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willett M. Kempton, a University of Delaware professor who has studied bidirectional charging for more than two decades, said the vast majority of the time a vehicle is parked and not using electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Five percent of the time you’re using the car and you want to have enough energy — electricity or gasoline — to get to where you’re going and back. But most of the time, it’s just sitting there and some other use could be made of it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kempton said these vehicles, properly managed, could be sources of reserve energy, supplanting backup sources that burn fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gregory Poilasne, co-founder and CEO of Nuvve Holding Corp., which sells electric fleet charging services, said a big challenge is that cars are unreliable energy assets. “At any time, somebody might come in and unplug the car,” he said. But he added, as the technology becomes more reliable and affordable, bidirectional cars and fleets should increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The cost: $3,700 per car\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Denmark, bidirectional charging earns electric vehicle fleet owners who sell power to the grid $3,000 per vehicle a year, Poilasne said, adding that this reduces the average total cost of electric car ownership by about 40%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But citing the high cost, automakers oppose the Senate bill that would mandate the chargers for all new cars sold in California by 2030. It would increase the average cost of an electric car by $3,700, according to an opposition letter written by Curt Augustine of the Alliance for Automotive Innovation, which represents General Motors, Ford and other major auto companies.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Curt Augustine, senior director of state affairs, Alliance for Automotive Innovation\"]‘Not all customers will see an advantage of bidirectional charging, and therefore, should not have to pay more for a technology that they will not use.’[/pullquote]About $3,000 of that cost would be adding battery capacity to meet warranty requirements, while other costs are for hardware and software.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This technology is a competitive matter between vehicle manufacturers and should remain that way,” Augustine wrote. “Not all customers will see an advantage of bidirectional charging, and therefore, should not have to pay more for a technology that they will not use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas of CALSTART agreed, saying it should be optional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There might be a situation where there are people that want to do it and will pay a little extra for a car that is bidirectional, but there will also be people that just want to use a vehicle for driving,” he said. “Do we raise the price of electric vehicles for everybody?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sen. Nancy Skinner, a Democrat from Oakland who authored SB 233, said she wants to ensure that automakers don’t reserve the technology for only their higher-end models. She said since the relatively affordable Nissan Leaf has it, it can be widely available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner said all consumers would benefit from the technology by selling energy to the grid or using the energy in emergencies. But she said another important reason is that it could end reliance on diesel generators during power emergencies like wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11956111\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11956111\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut.jpg\" alt='A public parking space is marked with the words \"public charging.\" An icon of a car with a lightning bolt is pictured above the parking space.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">State officials and utilities hope that more electric cars and fleets of trucks and buses will be equipped with biodirectional charging, which could feed electricity back into the grid. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If you have an EV you don’t need that diesel generator,” Skinner said. “Why would we want to encourage diesel generators? They’re extremely polluting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Lu, an air pollution specialist with the California Energy Commission’s vehicle-grid integration unit, said the state is working with owners to identify the best times to charge — called smart charging — to protect the grid. Bidirectional charging takes the concept a step further, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Energy Commission is not yet ready to say how reliant California will be on bidirectional charging to provide sufficient power and meet the state’s 2045 mandate for carbon-free electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re fairly early in this process. California is very committed to load flexibility broadly, but where that load flexibility specifically comes from, how many megawatts or gigawatts are coming from any particular kind of resource? We’re working on that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s utilities are running pilot projects and studying how bidirectional charging might work and how electric car owners could be compensated for selling energy to the grid.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Chanel Parson, director of electrification, Southern California Edison\"]‘By selling it back to the grid when our rates are more expensive, then that actually helps reduce customers’ energy bills.’[/pullquote]The California Public Utilities Commission has studied the issue for more than a decade, said spokesperson Terrie D. Prosper, including funding pilot projects and establishing two working groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year many utilities signed a “Vehicle to Everything” \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2022-04/OTT%20V2X%20MOU%20Final%20%281%29.pdf\">memorandum of understanding\u003c/a> with car manufacturers, state agencies, the federal government and others seeking to accelerate all aspects of bidirectional charging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Southern California Edison, which serves about 5 million businesses and residences, wants to go beyond using bidirectional charging as just an emergency backup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chanel Parson, Edison’s director of electrification, said the utility is working on a rate program that would allow customers to sell their power back to the grid every day of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By selling it back to the grid when our rates are more expensive, then that actually helps reduce customers’ energy bills. And it could be so economically attractive that they’re actually making money,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric, which serves 5.5 million electric customers in Northern California, said it is aggressively looking to build what it calls a robust vehicle-to-grid-integration. It has partnerships with \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/3741-power-pg-e-bmw-north-america-start-v2x-testing-california\">BMW of North America\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/3413-pg-e-ford-collaborate-bidirectional-electric-vehicle-charging-technology-customers-homes\">Ford Motor Company\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/3410-pg-e-general-motors-collaborate-pilot-reimagine-use-electric-vehicles-backup-power-sources-customers\">General Motors\u003c/a> exploring bidirectional charging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility last year launched the nation’s first \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/3444-pg-e-launch-new-pilots-studying-electric-vehicle-bidirectional-charging-technology-homes-businesses-microgrids\">bidirectional charging pilot\u003c/a> available to residential customers, offering up to 1,000 customers $2,500 for enrolling and up to an additional $2,175, depending on their participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power also is conducting a pilot project using a small fleet of Nissan Leafs. The utility hopes the technology will eventually provide power during peak load times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Five years is definitely within reach,” said José María Paz, the utility’s project manager for vehicle-to-grid integration. “Technology is advancing quite fast.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>School buses are a test case\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The electric school buses at the Cajon Valley Union School District in San Diego County are among a number of school district pilot projects in California. Experts see school buses as a good option for two-way charging because they have set routes and are often parked during peak load times between 4 p.m. and 9 p.m.[aside label='More on Electric Vehicles' tag='electric-cars']Nationally, Nuvve has about 350 school buses connected to its platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Cajon Valley district, seven electric buses sent 767-kilowatt hours of power back to the grid during the heat wave between Aug. 17 and Sept. 9, according to Nuvve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working with Nuvve, the buses power up when energy is less expensive, said Tysen Brodwolf, the district’s transportation director. Brodwolf said there are still several quirks, including the chargers not communicating properly with the grid or someone improperly plugging in a bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we’re getting there every day,” Brodwolf said. “We’re working through all those bumps and obviously, when you take on a pilot project, you have to take that into consideration that things aren’t necessarily going to go smoothly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As a historic 10-day heat wave threatened brownouts across California \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/8.31.22-Heat-Proclamation.pdf?emrc=78e3fc\">last summer,\u003c/a> a small San Diego County school district did its part to help: It captured excess power from its electric school buses and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sdgenews.com/article/sdge-and-cajon-valley-union-school-district-flip-switch-regions-first-vehicle-grid-project\">sent it back to the state’s overwhelmed grid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seven school buses provided enough power for 452 homes each day of the heat wave, and the buses were recharged only during off hours when the grid was not strained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California energy officials have high hopes that this new power source, called bidirectional charging, will \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/01/california-electric-cars-grid/\">boost California’s power supply\u003c/a> as it ramps up its \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/08/electric-cars-california-to-phase-out-gas-cars/\">ambitious agenda of electrifying its cars\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2023/04/california-phases-out-diesel-trucks/\">trucks\u003c/a> and buses while switching to 100% clean energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom called two-way charging technology a “game changer,” and said, “this is the future” during a speech last September, about a week after the heat wave ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB233\">bill\u003c/a> already approved by the state Senate in a 29-9 vote would require all new electric cars sold in California to be equipped with bidirectional technology by 2030. In the Assembly, two committees approved the bill earlier this month and it is now under consideration by a third.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This two-way charging has big potential — but also faces big obstacles. By 2035, California expects to have 12.5 million electric cars on the road, but it’s an open question how much California can rely on them to feed the grid. Automakers say the technology would add thousands of dollars to the cost of an electric car, and California’s utilities are still sorting out how to pay ratepayers for selling them the kilowatt hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ability to use electric cars, trucks and buses to feed energy back into the grid would be especially helpful during peak times for energy use, such as heatwaves. But relying on vehicles as a year-round power source may not be practical — at least not yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a great idea conceptually…but we haven’t had the time to flesh out the details of what needs to happen for California to be able to power itself on electric vehicles,” said Orville Thomas, state policy director for CALSTART, a sustainable energy nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘It’s a great idea conceptually … but we haven’t had the time to flesh out the details of what needs to happen for California to be able to power itself on electric vehicles.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should be on the menu of options that California has. Is it going to be the number one option? Definitely not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, its use has been limited in California. Pacific Gas and Electric has a pilot program — the first in the nation — that lets up to 1,000 residential customers with bidirectional chargers sell power back to the utility. Some school districts also are experimenting with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only about half a dozen electric car models currently are equipped with bidirectional capabilities, including the Hyundai Ioniq 5, Nissan Leaf and Ford F-150 Lightning. Tesla announced recently that all its models will have it by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric vehicles convert one type of energy, alternating current electricity, into another, direct current, which is stored in a battery. Bidirectional charging means that an electric vehicle can convert the energy it has stored in its battery and send it to other sources, such as home appliances or back to the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11956108\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM.png\" alt=\"A graphic image demonstrating how biodirectional charging can help bolster the power grid. A cartoon-like electric vehicle is pictured with various arrows pointing toward different areas it could help charge such as a transformer, home and a refrigerator.\" width=\"1602\" height=\"1340\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM.png 1602w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM-800x669.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM-1020x853.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM-160x134.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-20-at-12.34.58-PM-1536x1285.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1602px) 100vw, 1602px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willett M. Kempton, a University of Delaware professor who has studied bidirectional charging for more than two decades, said the vast majority of the time a vehicle is parked and not using electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Five percent of the time you’re using the car and you want to have enough energy — electricity or gasoline — to get to where you’re going and back. But most of the time, it’s just sitting there and some other use could be made of it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kempton said these vehicles, properly managed, could be sources of reserve energy, supplanting backup sources that burn fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gregory Poilasne, co-founder and CEO of Nuvve Holding Corp., which sells electric fleet charging services, said a big challenge is that cars are unreliable energy assets. “At any time, somebody might come in and unplug the car,” he said. But he added, as the technology becomes more reliable and affordable, bidirectional cars and fleets should increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The cost: $3,700 per car\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Denmark, bidirectional charging earns electric vehicle fleet owners who sell power to the grid $3,000 per vehicle a year, Poilasne said, adding that this reduces the average total cost of electric car ownership by about 40%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But citing the high cost, automakers oppose the Senate bill that would mandate the chargers for all new cars sold in California by 2030. It would increase the average cost of an electric car by $3,700, according to an opposition letter written by Curt Augustine of the Alliance for Automotive Innovation, which represents General Motors, Ford and other major auto companies.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Not all customers will see an advantage of bidirectional charging, and therefore, should not have to pay more for a technology that they will not use.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>About $3,000 of that cost would be adding battery capacity to meet warranty requirements, while other costs are for hardware and software.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This technology is a competitive matter between vehicle manufacturers and should remain that way,” Augustine wrote. “Not all customers will see an advantage of bidirectional charging, and therefore, should not have to pay more for a technology that they will not use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas of CALSTART agreed, saying it should be optional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There might be a situation where there are people that want to do it and will pay a little extra for a car that is bidirectional, but there will also be people that just want to use a vehicle for driving,” he said. “Do we raise the price of electric vehicles for everybody?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sen. Nancy Skinner, a Democrat from Oakland who authored SB 233, said she wants to ensure that automakers don’t reserve the technology for only their higher-end models. She said since the relatively affordable Nissan Leaf has it, it can be widely available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner said all consumers would benefit from the technology by selling energy to the grid or using the energy in emergencies. But she said another important reason is that it could end reliance on diesel generators during power emergencies like wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11956111\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11956111\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut.jpg\" alt='A public parking space is marked with the words \"public charging.\" An icon of a car with a lightning bolt is pictured above the parking space.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/RS32599_ElectricCars_AW_03-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">State officials and utilities hope that more electric cars and fleets of trucks and buses will be equipped with biodirectional charging, which could feed electricity back into the grid. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If you have an EV you don’t need that diesel generator,” Skinner said. “Why would we want to encourage diesel generators? They’re extremely polluting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Lu, an air pollution specialist with the California Energy Commission’s vehicle-grid integration unit, said the state is working with owners to identify the best times to charge — called smart charging — to protect the grid. Bidirectional charging takes the concept a step further, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Energy Commission is not yet ready to say how reliant California will be on bidirectional charging to provide sufficient power and meet the state’s 2045 mandate for carbon-free electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re fairly early in this process. California is very committed to load flexibility broadly, but where that load flexibility specifically comes from, how many megawatts or gigawatts are coming from any particular kind of resource? We’re working on that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s utilities are running pilot projects and studying how bidirectional charging might work and how electric car owners could be compensated for selling energy to the grid.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘By selling it back to the grid when our rates are more expensive, then that actually helps reduce customers’ energy bills.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission has studied the issue for more than a decade, said spokesperson Terrie D. Prosper, including funding pilot projects and establishing two working groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year many utilities signed a “Vehicle to Everything” \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2022-04/OTT%20V2X%20MOU%20Final%20%281%29.pdf\">memorandum of understanding\u003c/a> with car manufacturers, state agencies, the federal government and others seeking to accelerate all aspects of bidirectional charging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Southern California Edison, which serves about 5 million businesses and residences, wants to go beyond using bidirectional charging as just an emergency backup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chanel Parson, Edison’s director of electrification, said the utility is working on a rate program that would allow customers to sell their power back to the grid every day of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By selling it back to the grid when our rates are more expensive, then that actually helps reduce customers’ energy bills. And it could be so economically attractive that they’re actually making money,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric, which serves 5.5 million electric customers in Northern California, said it is aggressively looking to build what it calls a robust vehicle-to-grid-integration. It has partnerships with \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/3741-power-pg-e-bmw-north-america-start-v2x-testing-california\">BMW of North America\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/3413-pg-e-ford-collaborate-bidirectional-electric-vehicle-charging-technology-customers-homes\">Ford Motor Company\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/3410-pg-e-general-motors-collaborate-pilot-reimagine-use-electric-vehicles-backup-power-sources-customers\">General Motors\u003c/a> exploring bidirectional charging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility last year launched the nation’s first \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/3444-pg-e-launch-new-pilots-studying-electric-vehicle-bidirectional-charging-technology-homes-businesses-microgrids\">bidirectional charging pilot\u003c/a> available to residential customers, offering up to 1,000 customers $2,500 for enrolling and up to an additional $2,175, depending on their participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power also is conducting a pilot project using a small fleet of Nissan Leafs. The utility hopes the technology will eventually provide power during peak load times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Five years is definitely within reach,” said José María Paz, the utility’s project manager for vehicle-to-grid integration. “Technology is advancing quite fast.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>School buses are a test case\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The electric school buses at the Cajon Valley Union School District in San Diego County are among a number of school district pilot projects in California. Experts see school buses as a good option for two-way charging because they have set routes and are often parked during peak load times between 4 p.m. and 9 p.m.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Nationally, Nuvve has about 350 school buses connected to its platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Cajon Valley district, seven electric buses sent 767-kilowatt hours of power back to the grid during the heat wave between Aug. 17 and Sept. 9, according to Nuvve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working with Nuvve, the buses power up when energy is less expensive, said Tysen Brodwolf, the district’s transportation director. Brodwolf said there are still several quirks, including the chargers not communicating properly with the grid or someone improperly plugging in a bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we’re getting there every day,” Brodwolf said. “We’re working through all those bumps and obviously, when you take on a pilot project, you have to take that into consideration that things aren’t necessarily going to go smoothly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Yosemite's Iconic Tioga Road Is Finally Opening After a Record-Long Closure",
"headTitle": "Yosemite’s Iconic Tioga Road Is Finally Opening After a Record-Long Closure | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 4 p.m. Wednesday, July 19:\u003c/strong> Yosemite National Park officials announced today that the Tioga Road will open for the season this weekend. It’s a historically late opening — the latest since the park opened the route in July 1915 — after the snowiest winter on record. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite ranger Steve Lyon said in an email that, following recent custom, the road will be opened to bicycles on Friday. That affords cyclists an opportunity to explore the sometimes narrow high-elevation road without having to deal with motor vehicles, which will get access at 8 a.m. Saturday. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winter’s heavy snow damaged the road in several places, and park officials are advising drivers to be ready for stretches of one-way traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the buildings along the Tioga corridor were wrecked or seriously damaged. While vault and portable toilets will be ready, the park says that there will be no stores open and no food, water or fuel available along the road. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/YosemiteNPS/status/1681742579917008896\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before this year, the latest seasonal closure recorded on the Tioga Road was 1917, when the road opened on July 19. In several other years up through the late 1930s, the road opened as late as July 15. After 1938, the road never opened later than July 1. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Update, 5:20 p.m. Thursday, July 13:\u003c/b> Yosemite National Park’s Tioga Road remains closed, with crews working to repair high-country facilities that suffered massive damage during the historic snows last winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish I had something good to tell you, but it’s a mess up there,” Steve Lyon, a park ranger, told KQED Thursday. He said virtually all of the structures along the Tioga corridor were affected, with 62% being seriously damaged or destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ranger station at Tuolumne Meadows is being torn down because it was wrecked by heavy snow loads. Staff housing and other structures in the area also need repairs. The lack of housing for rangers and other staff is adding to the long-delayed road opening, which is within a few days of being the latest since the route first opened to motor vehicles in 1915.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The road itself is OK,” Lyon said. “But we can’t open it until we can have rangers up there patrolling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is some good news for those who are seeking access to areas near Tioga Pass but outside the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday afternoon, Caltrans opened Highway 120 between the town of Lee Vining and the national park gate at the pass’s 9,945-foot summit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While travelers still won’t be able to enter the park, the 12-mile stretch of highway through Lee Vining Canyon will now provide access to campgrounds and trails that have remained inaccessible while Caltrans worked to removed snow and rocks and to repair damage along the route.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Caltrans9/status/1679623086705111041\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story, July 10:\u003c/strong> One of the rites of California’s late spring/early summer is the opening of the Tioga Road, the route across Yosemite’s high country and one treasured for its access to some of the national park’s best hiking and camping and its most memorable views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, it’s a rite long delayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time the Tioga Road remained closed this late in the season was 1922, when the highway opened July 10. The only later openings occurred in 1917, on July 19, and in 1916 and 1921 — on July 15 both years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s long closure is the direct result of this winter’s historic snowfall, which not only buried the road in snow and ice but caused serious damage to parts of the 46-mile route and adjacent facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump to: \u003ca href=\"#tiogapassopen\">How to travel to Yosemite avoiding the Tioga Pass\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“Everyone’s been talking about what a crazy, epic winter we’ve had and just the monumental task of getting that road open,” said Steve Lyon, a Yosemite National Park ranger, earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That work has involved months of plowing with tracked vehicles, bulldozers, rotary plows and other heavy equipment. As it does every year, it has also involved trying to clear the more than two dozen segments of the road that are prone to avalanches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.seattletimes.com/life/travel/blasting-winter-away-at-yosemites-high-country-tioga-road/\">The best known and perhaps most dangerous of those avalanche zones\u003c/a> is adjacent to Olmsted Point, a site famed for its spectacular views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyon said crews have cleared that section of road but that avalanche damage to one lane there will require traffic control regulated by temporary stoplights when the road opens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyon said part of the delay in lifting travel restrictions in the area is the need to assess and repair roadside restrooms, staff housing and other facilities damaged during the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a fair number of buildings up there,” Lyon said. “Almost all of them have taken some damage, and some of them are just completely destroyed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of all the assessment and repair work, the park says it still cannot say when the road will open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955250\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 3340px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM.png\" alt=\"Bulldozers and snowplows clearing snow from mountain road.\" width=\"3340\" height=\"1874\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM.png 3340w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-800x449.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-1020x572.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-160x90.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-1536x862.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-2048x1149.png 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-1920x1077.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3340px) 100vw, 3340px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In a screenshot from a National Park Service video, a bulldozer and snowplow work to clear the Tioga Road, Yosemite National Park’s high-country route, on June 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Yosemite National Park)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Repair work is also continuing to the east of Tioga Pass along the road’s state-owned continuation, Highway 120. Caltrans crews finished clearing snow from that steep, winding section weeks ago and have been busy ever since removing boulders deposited on the roadway during the winter and restoring roadside berms that help contain rockfalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher Andriessen, spokesperson for Caltrans District 9, said in an email Friday that rock clearing continues in an area called Blue Slide, about midway along Highway 120 between the pass and the town of Lee Vining. Once that last piece of rock work is done, Andriessen said, crews will begin repairing and replacing guardrails damaged or destroyed over the winter. He said that job will take about five business days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although in the past Caltrans has worked with park officials to coordinate the opening of the road, so that the state and Yosemite sections all become accessible the same day, Andriessen said that won’t necessarily be the case this year.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Steve Lyon, Yosemite National Park ranger\"]‘Everyone’s been talking about what a crazy, epic winter we’ve had and just the monumental task of getting that road open.’[/pullquote]“We will open our gate once our preparations and repairs are complete, even if the park entrance remains closed,” he said. “This will give summer travelers access to campgrounds and lakes in the Inyo National Forest that are outside” the national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of its elevation and the heavy snowfall along the route — generally, the higher you go in the Sierra, the more snow you get when storms blow in — the Tioga Road is often the first of California’s mountain highways closed every fall and the last to open once the mountains emerge from winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, officials shut down the road on Halloween in anticipation of the season’s first major snowfall. The closure came a little earlier than it has in most recent years, according to records kept by Yosemite National Park and the Mono Lake Committee, but was far from unusual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the winter came on in earnest, with two series of storms that were not only unusual but history-making, dropping record amounts of snow nearly the entire length of the Sierra. When the storms finally abated this spring, the country along the Tioga Road had received something like 240% of its average snowfall, leaving the route buried under a deeper layer of snow — and in some places ice, rocks and trees — than any living person has ever seen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The road was first developed in the early 1880s as a route for mining operations near Tioga Pass. It was acquired by the federal government in 1915 and opened to trans-Sierra travelers when it was little more than a one-lane dirt track.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tiogapassopen\">\u003c/a>If you’re going to Yosemite National Park …\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With the eastern entrance via the Tioga Road closed, the three routes into Yosemite National Park are:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Highway 120/Big Oak Flat Road, via Manteca and Groveland: This is the most direct route from most of the Bay Area.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Highway 140, via Merced, Mariposa and El Portal.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Highway 41, via Fresno, Oakhurst and Wawona.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/planyourvisit/driving.htm\">Driving directions to Yosemite National Park.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Delays\u003c/strong>: Note that the park has experienced very heavy traffic in recent weeks, especially on weekends. Parking space in Yosemite Valley has been filling up early (often by 8:30 a.m.). Beginning later in the morning, waits of an hour or more have been typical at park entrances. At times, the eastern end of the valley has been closed to incoming traffic. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/planyourvisit/conditions.htm\">Check the park’s Current Conditions\u003c/a> page for more information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mobile alerts\u003c/strong>: Yosemite National Park is piloting a mobile alert service on parking and traffic conditions in the valley using Nixle. Text YNPTraffic to 333111 for updates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>An earlier version of this story was published on July 8.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 4 p.m. Wednesday, July 19:\u003c/strong> Yosemite National Park officials announced today that the Tioga Road will open for the season this weekend. It’s a historically late opening — the latest since the park opened the route in July 1915 — after the snowiest winter on record. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite ranger Steve Lyon said in an email that, following recent custom, the road will be opened to bicycles on Friday. That affords cyclists an opportunity to explore the sometimes narrow high-elevation road without having to deal with motor vehicles, which will get access at 8 a.m. Saturday. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winter’s heavy snow damaged the road in several places, and park officials are advising drivers to be ready for stretches of one-way traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the buildings along the Tioga corridor were wrecked or seriously damaged. While vault and portable toilets will be ready, the park says that there will be no stores open and no food, water or fuel available along the road. \u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Before this year, the latest seasonal closure recorded on the Tioga Road was 1917, when the road opened on July 19. In several other years up through the late 1930s, the road opened as late as July 15. After 1938, the road never opened later than July 1. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Update, 5:20 p.m. Thursday, July 13:\u003c/b> Yosemite National Park’s Tioga Road remains closed, with crews working to repair high-country facilities that suffered massive damage during the historic snows last winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish I had something good to tell you, but it’s a mess up there,” Steve Lyon, a park ranger, told KQED Thursday. He said virtually all of the structures along the Tioga corridor were affected, with 62% being seriously damaged or destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ranger station at Tuolumne Meadows is being torn down because it was wrecked by heavy snow loads. Staff housing and other structures in the area also need repairs. The lack of housing for rangers and other staff is adding to the long-delayed road opening, which is within a few days of being the latest since the route first opened to motor vehicles in 1915.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The road itself is OK,” Lyon said. “But we can’t open it until we can have rangers up there patrolling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is some good news for those who are seeking access to areas near Tioga Pass but outside the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday afternoon, Caltrans opened Highway 120 between the town of Lee Vining and the national park gate at the pass’s 9,945-foot summit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While travelers still won’t be able to enter the park, the 12-mile stretch of highway through Lee Vining Canyon will now provide access to campgrounds and trails that have remained inaccessible while Caltrans worked to removed snow and rocks and to repair damage along the route.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story, July 10:\u003c/strong> One of the rites of California’s late spring/early summer is the opening of the Tioga Road, the route across Yosemite’s high country and one treasured for its access to some of the national park’s best hiking and camping and its most memorable views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, it’s a rite long delayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time the Tioga Road remained closed this late in the season was 1922, when the highway opened July 10. The only later openings occurred in 1917, on July 19, and in 1916 and 1921 — on July 15 both years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s long closure is the direct result of this winter’s historic snowfall, which not only buried the road in snow and ice but caused serious damage to parts of the 46-mile route and adjacent facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump to: \u003ca href=\"#tiogapassopen\">How to travel to Yosemite avoiding the Tioga Pass\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“Everyone’s been talking about what a crazy, epic winter we’ve had and just the monumental task of getting that road open,” said Steve Lyon, a Yosemite National Park ranger, earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That work has involved months of plowing with tracked vehicles, bulldozers, rotary plows and other heavy equipment. As it does every year, it has also involved trying to clear the more than two dozen segments of the road that are prone to avalanches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.seattletimes.com/life/travel/blasting-winter-away-at-yosemites-high-country-tioga-road/\">The best known and perhaps most dangerous of those avalanche zones\u003c/a> is adjacent to Olmsted Point, a site famed for its spectacular views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyon said crews have cleared that section of road but that avalanche damage to one lane there will require traffic control regulated by temporary stoplights when the road opens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyon said part of the delay in lifting travel restrictions in the area is the need to assess and repair roadside restrooms, staff housing and other facilities damaged during the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a fair number of buildings up there,” Lyon said. “Almost all of them have taken some damage, and some of them are just completely destroyed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of all the assessment and repair work, the park says it still cannot say when the road will open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955250\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 3340px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM.png\" alt=\"Bulldozers and snowplows clearing snow from mountain road.\" width=\"3340\" height=\"1874\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM.png 3340w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-800x449.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-1020x572.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-160x90.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-1536x862.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-2048x1149.png 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-07-at-6.10.34-PM-1920x1077.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3340px) 100vw, 3340px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In a screenshot from a National Park Service video, a bulldozer and snowplow work to clear the Tioga Road, Yosemite National Park’s high-country route, on June 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Yosemite National Park)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Repair work is also continuing to the east of Tioga Pass along the road’s state-owned continuation, Highway 120. Caltrans crews finished clearing snow from that steep, winding section weeks ago and have been busy ever since removing boulders deposited on the roadway during the winter and restoring roadside berms that help contain rockfalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher Andriessen, spokesperson for Caltrans District 9, said in an email Friday that rock clearing continues in an area called Blue Slide, about midway along Highway 120 between the pass and the town of Lee Vining. Once that last piece of rock work is done, Andriessen said, crews will begin repairing and replacing guardrails damaged or destroyed over the winter. He said that job will take about five business days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although in the past Caltrans has worked with park officials to coordinate the opening of the road, so that the state and Yosemite sections all become accessible the same day, Andriessen said that won’t necessarily be the case this year.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We will open our gate once our preparations and repairs are complete, even if the park entrance remains closed,” he said. “This will give summer travelers access to campgrounds and lakes in the Inyo National Forest that are outside” the national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of its elevation and the heavy snowfall along the route — generally, the higher you go in the Sierra, the more snow you get when storms blow in — the Tioga Road is often the first of California’s mountain highways closed every fall and the last to open once the mountains emerge from winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, officials shut down the road on Halloween in anticipation of the season’s first major snowfall. The closure came a little earlier than it has in most recent years, according to records kept by Yosemite National Park and the Mono Lake Committee, but was far from unusual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the winter came on in earnest, with two series of storms that were not only unusual but history-making, dropping record amounts of snow nearly the entire length of the Sierra. When the storms finally abated this spring, the country along the Tioga Road had received something like 240% of its average snowfall, leaving the route buried under a deeper layer of snow — and in some places ice, rocks and trees — than any living person has ever seen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The road was first developed in the early 1880s as a route for mining operations near Tioga Pass. It was acquired by the federal government in 1915 and opened to trans-Sierra travelers when it was little more than a one-lane dirt track.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tiogapassopen\">\u003c/a>If you’re going to Yosemite National Park …\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With the eastern entrance via the Tioga Road closed, the three routes into Yosemite National Park are:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Highway 120/Big Oak Flat Road, via Manteca and Groveland: This is the most direct route from most of the Bay Area.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Highway 140, via Merced, Mariposa and El Portal.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Highway 41, via Fresno, Oakhurst and Wawona.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/planyourvisit/driving.htm\">Driving directions to Yosemite National Park.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Delays\u003c/strong>: Note that the park has experienced very heavy traffic in recent weeks, especially on weekends. Parking space in Yosemite Valley has been filling up early (often by 8:30 a.m.). Beginning later in the morning, waits of an hour or more have been typical at park entrances. At times, the eastern end of the valley has been closed to incoming traffic. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/planyourvisit/conditions.htm\">Check the park’s Current Conditions\u003c/a> page for more information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mobile alerts\u003c/strong>: Yosemite National Park is piloting a mobile alert service on parking and traffic conditions in the valley using Nixle. Text YNPTraffic to 333111 for updates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>An earlier version of this story was published on July 8.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"order": 3
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},
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
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},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"order": 10
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"here-and-now": {
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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